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ҶĹŮӱѹĳˣӾ͸ѹˡ
Ҷ˾ߣĳ˵Եò࣬ԸɻõͶѽһĥŶһЩʱգţͲˡ
ٺҶĿ׸ѸټٵףĬĬοԼôûѹ׸ˣҪȻͲԣļͥѩϼ˪
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˫ŮС
ǴŮ!!!
*
ǩԽ񴩹ţŴٺϣܲ


1 
޳֧֫ߣµĻ
޳͸оԾˣĿδ̫£⻹ʱʱиߺȺӻؼҳԷЩɲǻǸеĶ
ӺСȫڵ룬ԺҲСһߴ˸СŲũߣһ߿һЩˣӵúܣ㲻ǼʱеĶ
ڸոûãҲûﵽԺѾߣֻ˳żϻһָ
ԺҲʱƿ޳̧ͷȥ
ŵǸСԼʮˡӣССģ޳ı˱ȣСҲͲŵԼѡ
ŲǼˣǴ˵еĻˡ
ĹˣǿɲԼȵȣ
شȥɣȥ˳ԵġСС˵ţͷͲ޳ߡ
޳ڴϣ࣬࣬ˮ󿪵İ׿סףȻˣ޳Ǻϧ
ǼʣײʳԣԵĶ۵ӪԼÿִ˱꣬Ÿݳôһ٣ϧЩ˴Ǯģеûûζˡ
޳̧ͷһ۵ͷһߵССԼǸ֣ӽŵڣû̧ͷ˵һֱСС
ãҾȻ𣿡ŵˣ޳صط
Сͷһֿۣٵͷȥˡ
Ҵأ
ûдˣһС˵
޳ȣһӵСҲˣһǸδ꣬⡭
޳֪ʮǳˣǼʶʮꡣ
ҽ޳أ
Ҷġ
Ķѽĸҵʲôط
޳һҶĴһ䣺塣
û˵޳룬뿪ǹŵǲǻˣ֮ʣתһ룬ǼҪҲĻԼΪˣ֮ǰҲ֪Ǹʱдѽߣ˻ȥ
ˣһһ۲ɣܲбڻѵˡ
ҶĻشû޳ʣԼŲӿ޳ֱЦ
޳ȹ࣬оָЩ÷ûˣһԼ壬ִʱ˿ڻڣһֲվǽ߱˱ȣҲûԼûˡ
ǣ޳룬˵ԽˣǼ˶ǰŵ˵ߵĲҶôһ¶ûУ
ֵֹġ
ԼǶþˣ廹Щ޳ڴûñ˯˹ȥ
һ˯˯˰޳Ǳļѵģ˻ηµͷԣ޳ĺԺȥ
ҶץĴ󹫼ǼȺҲܽеģץβͣͽиͣòųŰƷſ
ͷһ޳
ץʲô޳ʡ
Ǽûֶֻ˵ҲУԼûҳԵ󲿷ڳĴɭɱľޡ
󣬴ӵǼʵĶЩ;б졢Щڵ죬Щ;б죬һα졣
αĶӽµĺѿʲôƷ֣Ҳµ֣޳Ĳʶ󹫼
Ҷֵؿ޳һۣŴ󹫼ĳؽ󹫼ѽ
Ŷʶ
ҶĻæµ׽󹫼׽ĸ׽ĸ׽СУȻɨԺӣææµµ
޳֪øʲôһżæ
ͻ࣬ǱͶһˡ
Ҷ׼ʼ޳Ŀû뿪ʰס𡢼ˡˡ
ÿһ趼ؼ£ҶĿ֮£ʲôԾнʹɫЩ޳ǿϵĺΡ
ɫѾȫûеƵĴׯ¹֮£Ŵɽأ׶
޳Ժſڳ
Ҷǰûб˼ңҰ¹֮£ԿԶɽٹһƬˮ΢紵淺Բ⣬«έﻹǵ⣻ģһƬأڶ׵Ѿ£ֲﲻ˵ؼȴһƬּˡ
ҡҷҶȫע
޳һҹ羰ʼԼʵľ
ģǸƶĹʲôӦòҹѲߵ΢ͻɣϾƶûС
ҶͷҲ̧ҹ˵ĵƾө档
ҹʲôˣ
ҹȥˡ
ǲ³ǱҹûΣ𣿡
˭֪þʹõڶһȥһҲû
ɽеأ
ܡ

һһУʱߣֱҶĹǷʰеĶ޳ʶҹδر졣
޳ѵ磬ϰȥȦЬʱŷӦѾǼˣĿǰԼΧ˶ʶȥҴ̫á
ϸϸһ⻹ǰɶûУ޳һ˫ں׿ʼ˼
ԼʲôҲûУû֤û֪ʶҪǣûǮ˵ǮӦĳʵɣϾ￴ƼӦûֻҡ
УߵͨôģҶ˵֪вУ
ҶļҲǺܸеӣȻʳҹԷʱ򣬸ڴʳζˣҶȴֻСࡣ
ҹĻ壬Ʒܾ£⣬Ҷȴһ鲼廨ģǲ٣ﻹֻһˣܲǸݲģǶȥġ
񣬷ű⴫Ҷĵ:𣿡
ˣ޳һܹͦȥš
оôЩ𣿡ҶĵͷСʡ
޳ڣû룬ֻҶַˡ
ˣǰûʲôǶġ
мգ˸ϼҪߵĻţһȥֻҪͭ塣
Ҷ˺һӵ裬ίظ޳ʾˡ
û취޳˻Բѣʲô¾˴򣬻˼һǮһˣҪһ˵Ŀʳˣ˳ǳԲյʱġ
ҪǰѹǮŲãǶ͹ȥˣ˲
޳
Ҫˣۣڶ绹һ֪أȥܳײˣô֪
ллңܱǸšܲҿ԰ɻҲȥ˸ɻǮ㡣ڶһ֪ҲûǮȥҲ֪ôòãҳԵòġ
޳һҶ޶ԼӵʱҲôŴ峤ģһǡǺðɣ죬Ǯߡ
ãǮˣ϶鷳޳֤
˵ҪҸɻ㻰𣿡Ļ޳ܸɣԼܶһЩʱ޳ߣҲô׾ݣҶϸš
ǿ϶㣬ȽңöҶûᡣ޳ͷеΡ


2 
ҶĲ̧ͷһۣѰ˼ЩҲѰ
һͲѧˣѵġ
á
ϴһ£ϽɻҶĺ
·ݣڶĵѾ£ʵҲûʲôæˣҪɹһոʳ
Ĵɹڴ룬ɿƽ̹һƬأǵģء
ƣˮʲôĶˡ
Ҷıϯ޳ʳ޳ȥɹռλ
ɹȻܴ󣬵ԽĵطԽãΪɹ룬̫һͿһֱɹɽɹʳ°빦˭ҵļѼܳĻһҲܵѡλõĻԽмԽá
Ҷһһߺ޳˵ɹһЩˣ޳ţżӦһʾԼ
ɹҶļҲԶûһ͵ˡ
Ҷĺ޳ˣɹϻмҶĸļˣѾռмλáҶֻǵԱ߷ϯռһϯ֮ء
˿ҶģЦߵСˣ
үүϺáҶ΢Цź˴кûأҲǱģ̲û·ʱš
Ҷ޳˸
ӴǱ߶˶˹ˣ̴ãѽ
һϴүһĴȣһʹСʲôѽʱǱôˣ
޳ô֪ϴү˼ϷӦڴ̣ʧ
˳˼޳ϴүʼࣺүүãҽ޳Ǳ߾Ҳ֪ǿҶˣԽԽ٣Ҷ£͸һߡһǰ·ˣŴҵ˼Ǳ߿̫ܲã˵ͣսˣôҲ̫
ϣϽͣսɣٴȥϿɾûжˣߵĿɶûһԲ԰׷̫̫̾ѹѹֵµϯ
̱ģġҶο
ϣġ̲˲۽ǣͷЦ
ٵʲôأǰҪ
ǴԼ£ĬæδɵĻơ
޳ǵĻ֮ҲһЩߣҲű죬æҪϯ򿪡
Ҷĸæֹżʱ仹磬ȵ̫յС
⻹ɽϣʱҪǴɨ
֮Ҫɹϵ¶ˮɹɣ淢̲ʽɹ
ҶһЩһϸϸ޳޳ͷһҶ˵һһͷҶĿﶼðȥ᲻ͷ뷨
ɨǵȴĵм仹൱һʱ䣬ΪһϸũҪѧʱġ
Ҷķɨѣ֣ˣؼҰɡٹ
һ죬޳ѧϰɹιϴ¡֮жȹ
ҹĻٴ٣ͬҹ޳ķ羰Ҷڵ
ķ羰ûʲô仯ʹѾ޳Ȼ뿴
Ҷļԣɳʣͷʲôÿģɽɽˮˮ𣿴ϵĻ
޳αһЦϰΪûȻþ档
Ǽʣζûַ羰ģཨʵĳǽһгķ羰⣬ïܵĴΣأ֮ʱ˭ܹ˵Ͽ羰
Ҷգգۣˣ
ǱҲǶɽˮɫ֮£Ӧöɡ
ûУҼҿûЩ޳ҡͷǼЩ
ҲϣҶɻ
ڡ
ģ
Զĵط˵Ҳ֪ϡģҵļǻزȥˣԺֻҲʲô˺ǵ¡޳˵
Ļأ
Ūˡ
ҪҴ峤ϵǼǣһʱȥƾ֤Ϳˡ
ӦҲѣ޳롣
ǴѾûطָ»ˣҪ仧Ǵ壬ҪԼǮؽǮҲҪԼ
սңϵĴΪ˱ң͢Ҫؽ񣬳޵ԭЩ䲻ܴ񣬵Ҳͽ޶
ҶԼһ·룬Ƕ˵һ仧Ҫ˻ߴ峤ͬ仧֮ɴ峤쵽дûϢõƾ֤֮仧ɹ
ʱƣҧϹΨֱȣԼֻͷ
ò׵壬һѾûˣֻǻûüϱ֮£Ŵ峤εˡ
峤˽⵽һˣҲݣڷ˵Ȱ˵֮¶֮ģ
ֻǻʲôûеģܷԱůȫ˫Լ
ҲǿŴĽӼòſʱ䣬ʡԼáҹҲеǮⷿݵͻ֮ǰծ
ΪʱʲôûУҲսӼã˲òΪ¹˺͹¶׼֮󲻽Ҫ黹ʳҪΪϢԼʹȥȻһƶϴ
仧Уĵʱ˵ɡҪʲôʱȥ޳룬û仧ҪҪȻɼʲôľ˵ˡ
¸£ڸ𻧼ѾµĻȥسˣȥҲȥ
ȷʵ޳ͷתͷȥҹˡ
ſܸоﲻԾ벻ﲻԾֱڴԺҪʱŷӦҶĵķӦ̫԰ϻһԼʾɻ֮󣬺ȻͲˡ
ѵǴ˵е罻ţ֢Ҳ԰ҶҲûбֳ罻ţ֢ӡ
ҶְֵĴ֮£޳ΪһũӦյĻ漼ܣ𽥰¼д󲿷ֵĻƣҲ𽥺ʹϤ
ĺˮ漫ˮλһСϪƽĴϪϴʲôģϢҲõֽƴ鱨
޳԰¼еļ󣬾ûСϪϴ¡
СϪϴ·ģ޳˽⵽ʱϢʿΪ󣬽׼ӸߵΪʿụ̃ǼʵĽ׼еġ
ΪƽգֻҪַ֣Ͼûʲô¡
ַ֣޳Ҳû˼һ޳룬ҲǼһߣι壬ٴȨЩɣ˺ͻЩ졣
Щ޳øĿǰԼûʲôϵĵӵһݣȥ


3 Ϻ
첻ˣ̽޳֪ɽǿԴԵģɽϵǴﹲУȡá
޳룬Լ޷ĵģ⿿ҶȻгס׬ǮԲ⣬زپҵΪԼԽ֮ǰҲǿΪǼʵֺͲͬӦҲû
󣬾Ͳжˡ
޳׼ɽʱ򣬸һСϺ˵ǰ޳æӵı꣬ʱҲûʲôòˣû޳ȥϺŮģԲž˵
޳̺ͮͮϺ漫ˣûԹۣǿܺóԵӣҲ㣬޳Ͳˮˡ
ҶĿֻ̫ûģ޳˵Ծͳ԰ɣԼҲûסϴ֣һֻʿǵϺζ
޳һγⶫû飬һֻϺͷϺǻͷ͡໡һ˳Ҷһ飬һûȣոʺõϺָͷ䣬ҶĸϽһ£ѵõ˻
ôˣԸϺôզզģ
ͷʹ޳죬Ĵʹ̼ϺҲǣ³Ҳǣôš
Ϻ³ҿҶЩôϺˡ
޳ذϺţûӡ
ҶİϺ֣ȥ޳ͷ뿴˿ڡ
ƽûʲôܽӴҶҲ֪޳øߣҶĵһʶ޳ĺܸߣվһԼҲŵ޳ļ뿴޳˿ڽŶ
Ҷֻðִ޳Ĳѹͷҿš
޳˳ԹԵͷ
ҶĿ޳ͷȷʵиС˿ڣѪѪ
Ӧûʲô£ڣٺˮȻͲѪˡҶķſ޳Ĳӣ޳˱ˮ
޳ӹˮҶ˵ĺһˮԺˣºһڣŻصݣ˳ԣ۰Ͱ͵ؿϺϺֹ
ҶĿǿͰ͵ӣֻÿڵԾʣʺõȻͷûôٳԡ
޳ᣬҡҡͷϺ̷ȻͷˣϺһ˲䣬޳Ǽסζ
Ҷˣ޳ֲˣΣֻöָʾ
ЩҶĶٷ޳ںܶ෽涼¶֪״̬ʼܶණᣬҲʶ
˵ǸӵܰɣرܳԿ࣬ѧҲر죬ϿһξͻᣬҪ˵Լһͨϰհɣ󹫼ʶ
Ҷֻ޳ҲˮˣϵһܵԺˮ֡ಡһ»صߣȲʺõϺͽ
ζĿڸУմ֭ղܡ
޳һûסһ˺üֻŷӦҶֻһͲ࣬ԼٳҶľûóˣͣ֡
ϣ޳ûסʼϺǸʲôʲô취ǲûǮͿԻá
Ҷĵظ޳һϺĿգҾ޳ԶˮΪˮȻḻҲˡ
ҶĵľǵûãֱӸ޳ˮϺϢӼᶨ޳ȥˮľġ
ڶ죬Ÿ޳ˣﾲģҶĻûѣ޳ȡԼ׼ľìͳš
糿ĺ滹еӰߡ
һҹȥԼ½ҲûôƵϺߵǳˮ͸Գǳˮݵµĳϡ
޳ҶĵĿգ˸ʪĵضһС򾣬ں˸ʯͷվĵطСΣˮУսľìȻһؾȴĵ
޳ìֱ۶ҪҲûҶļǺɫֻмֻĴָСϺ
ûϺϺɫ̫޳һʱûϳϸϸԱ˺һǿȷ
ĵطܿ㣬ûпԲȵʯͷˮݻһƬһƬģҲˮ׵äĿȥҪôȵˮݾŵϺҪôȿֱӵϵΧûˣˮݲסɾҪˣôòʧ
ڱҪ޳ᶨվʯͷһȴ˵еš
ۿɫҪӰӶûһĵطϺֻ
޳ֻ÷еľìſʯͷȥץǼֻϺ
ٲץϺûˣ
һٲ绢Ϻֻ
ֻϺͷԣĴָС޳ЦãֹֻοԼҲ⣬սս
صʱҶѾˣںԺϴ
æµ˽Сʱ޳ʦʾֻץֻϺе߳ܣ͵͵ս˳ϺŽ룬ӺˮǺãصװûš
ææµµ͵磬޳ֻϺţȵڶҰ飬˵ʱһѾˡ
û취ŻĻҪϺӸˡ
ƫƫ޳ȥ޳װϺĺȥҶġ
ġģϺôۣ
ҶɻתͷϺ
޳Щ飬û˵
Ҷһ֪˿϶ĳȥ׽ϺˣЩҲ֪޳Ǵˣ᲻֪ôֵĻﵽת˸Ȧͱˣɣ
˵ţαϵΧȹϵ
Ŷ޳ͷҶ˺üۣͼû
ҶĲˣˡ
ʵҲûʲôѶȣ࣬ԶǣֻܲϺûĲˣû೤ʱҶľͰѲˡ
ɫ嵭ģ⣬㡣
޳ȻѧҶķ˱޳ܾԼһ˿ζʲô˵
ʱ£޳ٴγԵҶĲˣûסʢ˼࣬鶹Ǻܲɺ˸
ǺҶľʢһʱӭǱεһ׶ʣľ׺͹ס

˵õĳԵòأ׵ĹǼ˼
ǿǴۣƽǿԳٵģ
඼ûˣҶҲܽ޳³ֻ˳תŵϴ
޳Ҷߵ״һ֪ڻɷ
ҶļԵÿģȻе㲻ζ
޳ôܳԣò޳һγԱɣôܸɣԵãȥﲻԼǿ
ʲô£ֻҪԼڣû޳ܾģĻ޳ȫδйԹԡ
ҪߣȥĻ˼Ұ﹤ʲôģܳԱԼֻܿۿغࡣ
һ룬޳ˣʣԼһˣտյģе᲻á
գҶʲôҲû˵˳δɵһ㣬ȥ棬޳Ͳÿ춼Լˡ


4 
Ϻץ޳ĥԼܻǸʺɭﲶԡ
ʰó޳ߵߵ˱ˮ˳£ģȥԣÿͨ˿𣿡
ǼʣҪ֤յģ۸˻ŶӣҪȻʹԵˣҲ˳ǡ
ȻҲЩ͵͵ȥԣȻڳԶɶģԳ޳ûɹˣδ֮ǰҲȲѣܲܶͷ
ҶЩȣô뵽ҪȥԣɽǲǳԻҲûȥСץײУ׶༪٣㡭
õģǰԶӵģȻûĶﳤʲôܲҼǱߵĸײаɡ޳ԼĲԼǳš
Ҷȴǲ̫ͬ
Ҫߵģ񹭼ìʲôģǼҶûСҶüͼĽ޳
˭֪޳һЦ˵ҵļ
˵겻ҶķӦԼͳݣڲ׼õľì
ҶĸųľìüͷøˣڿʲôЦ
ľìʹõľͷȻʵԼӲ϶ȲʵķĻҲûҪ׼ľìһ壬ҴѪޣʱȥȡﷴ׽ԼΣ֮С
޳˿Ժſڵݵľ룬Զһеìԡ
λѡŰ϶ϲƬƴĲҶӵģҲûشҶĵĻҶվԺһ֤࣬ҶĲᱻ˺޳ľìݡ
ҶĪͼľìſڷ顱һ͸ҶԺľϣֺľ֣ľì¶ľĲֻڡˡ
Ҷ𾪵ò֪ηӦźãö׼ͷġ
˼ڻҵϣҲɱһѪ·ɡ㲻һ£ȥ˼ҵС㵱Ҳúܺðɡ
ʹӣֻҪİȫʲôֻҪǩǩòģԼʱߣҪĺõң꣬ӾͶˣ˵һ־ͬϡиӡ
޳һ·Сɽǿ
ôǲǿˣ޳߹˳ƽֱ۴ҶĵļϣŰɱƤӲˣľìҪСϣ׼ܲˡ
޳ЦԵõڶ𣬻ҶĲ֪Ʈ˼
ͺá

ʹ޳ֵг񣬵޳ľìŵһ̣ҶĻֹסصġ
һʲôеĲɡ
˵޳ߣԽɽ޳е٣˵ʲôое˷ܡ
ɽǴԵĺȥرɽ
ɽΧǴȥӵĵطĺۼȽ϶࣬ɽСûʲôҰޣɽ꣬ɽȥһ㣬ĵط
޳һͷ˲壬Ѿ
ΪĴ꣬޳ûʲôر뷨뿴Ұﳤʲô
ԼĿһֻСͶԼˤȣëغɫëǰɫβǺɫͷëɫȽӣػƺɫӡ
޳ϸڿΪⲻҪᣬֻѸ뿪ɽȥ
СžûʲôС޳ԹȻֶʮССһǴεòٴεѡ
ɽߺܿͰïľգֲСľӲݻƣ֦Ҷڵϣȫ֦Ҷ֮ʲô޳֦Ҷ֮¿϶в޵Ķ޴½ţʪȡѹ֡Ϥĸо
޳סеľìʶԼ˳ȥ
Ŵ¶ѣȻѾиˣﲻԼϤĻɭ֣ԼûǹеһҲûмʣûзֻһľľìһѻڵĲ񵶣ڲСʱ򲻴Ծٶľأòôƴ
޳뿪󲻾ãԻ޳ݾԣȻãڼϣѲ塣
޳ԭ·أֱľûôïܵһѰ
ˣͿԱߵ֦Ҹ԰ȫĵطţһϢһ֦߰ľìá
Ͼ˭Ҳ޷Ԥ⵽ʱһֻﻹһȺ
һֻֻһȺ˭ɾ˵ˡ
ɽлλεã޳ΪԼҪֶ֮ʱһžϤϤʲôܹԵżߺŲܼȻֹһֻ
޳ͷһ!
ԾĴһΡ
ȻһȺڲĶ߻׷һֻɫƤëкɫƵҰޣȻ׷Ⱥڲ
ȺڲĶԽԽɢǲԵĻëҲ;׷ŸֻڲȥˡֻһֻҲû˱׷ɱΣգ޳ͣתƣʱʱ
ҪˣҲûѡˣ޳ϻǺڲ
ڲոնë׷ɱţͱ޳һľì˸ԴľìӼ羱бŲ룬βٴӶӳڲҽһ˼ͳ鴤Ź
˿һĻ˵Ҳ̾һ޳׼ͷ޳ȴԼ̫⣬ЩӽԲҲûôоͷ˲١
ǰǺڲ׼ֱӱľìڵأˣ˵ˡ
޳̾˿߹ȥǺڲ˵࣬ʮӣǱֻһЩ
޳˵أߡ
žҪԻƬ˶Ķ˹ʱ޳һã˹
޳ΪǸʲôأһǸڲԼֻİɣ޳ţеĶȴ
֮ǰľìûӣأ˳־ܳ
ŵвԵ޳еľìֱֱǺڲŵĲȥ
ڲŷӦҲ죬㿪һ㣬ˡ
ڲŭî޳ķ򹰣žͲôһ㣬ڶľìͲұߵǰϡ
۳ŵľìҪھʹΣ֮ºڲһͳ顢ŪϵľǶİľŲ·ԻһƬܡ
̫ײޣٲСûˣ
Իòװ嶼һ飬׼ظأͼһͷҰһϽеӣ־ȥĹ
ûãּಡɳľֱǡ໡ܵҰ
ȻеԶԻǿǱߵ״ǼȻûܰҰһҲҰˣͲɴˡ
ײУ̫ײˣ


5 Ұ
ҰûвԻҲͷ˹վԭصţ㿴λˣľʹôţĿ겻˵崩ˣĿ껹Ұ
Ұ˭˻Χˣ׷Ұ໽еģǼֱţƴ˺
ûȵĸľҰ͵ԻûϢ
޳ǺڲҲżˡݺݻ˿߳
ŶԹȻˡ
ŶӺãһ˸ɱһ˸ᣬɡ
ԻľļƣΪͷҪǸԲĴ󺺣ҪǸ˶ĴүǣôҲǸˡ
޳ʱ˶±ˡ
զǸŮϣ
ȻǸ˵㣬ǹǼӡѡؿڵĻȣôŮѽ
ɽͷŮ޶ô𣿻Լ̫ˣԻȵҾᡣ
Ǳ޳еĺڲһһţѺڲŸ˳ӱȽǳ޳һžˡ
ָٰԭ״޳ߣ̫Ҫɽˣɽһʧܿͻᰵҹɽ֣ǿɽɽֻжΣ˭Ҳ֪
Ի޳ֻٽҰӶҪɵˡ
ɽ·ֻһ޳ҪؼҾͱⲻ˺Իϡ
ԻҲ֪ɴ޳Ůôǲ׷ҪãջȥŮҲ
˭ԼиţƵأ
ԻãܿǱߵ״޳ҲϹһӾͲԻĴڣԶԶԻеֻ֪⸽嶼µġ
壬˼ո׷ڲĶ壬һ£Ҳ֪ǲǺ㲼µһ޳ȺԻк
Իӻ֣Цô࣬һӵ׷Ұӵһ¾һˣҰġүǶĽզģ
ԻԼ޳ߣ漫ˡ
ġԭڲĶҰ޳£ЦŽԭͬʱҲЩΣҲû뵽ԼԶƽƽȻôͻ
˳ԻĻԻʵ壬¶
˵
ҼֻҲǵһԵ֪ҪôҿҲþãҪôźã
ǰЩӣոѧûպãЩԼҲû˼ȫˣѰ˼ڶԣڶ죬ȫˣζͷˡ
㣬Ұó֣Ϳ׬Ǯʡ¶׬ǮĻȥȥ¥ǱһȦþ¥ȫˣٲãɢ۸Ҳϲ٣ʡ¶أڴø࣬ˣ۸΢һ㡣춼ˣҪȥð·̣Ҳˡ
ԻÿϧԼǼҾ¥ҰζȱҰ͹ȥ׬ôһʣ˼ҲʲҪ͹ȥʱǻġ
ֻڴˣҪأ
ջѬ£г̫־УⲻҪˮɣƣٷŵؽȸ죬ϻ𿾾С
Ҽˣлл壬ҽ޳סҶļҡ֪ôƺ
޳Իæˣô˵һ룬߷Ͽ˼һȥԷҪʲôԷáɴʴסĶʱ͵лȥС
ˣҲס壬ҼҾɽҶļһһСξ롣ԻŮűСЩС
˽ų̶죬һһģҲ̫ɽ֮ǰɽš
ԻұϾɽţȵ˼ң޳Իֱ󣬿ٻ˼ҡ
Щ˼ϰճɻʳһһɹɹæţСҲڴ֡
޳Ҫȥ͵·ɹ
˼ټϴҲûʲôĵضʮżȥϸϼôһȻԻҲʱȱ˲⵽ﻻЩ
Сǳʱ򣬲øʲôƵģһ٣ܸ˰¡
޳һ·ͲˣɹһӾըѡ
޳ŵֻҰһʱ䲻֪Ⱦֻܴ̾Ұ
СӾͲˣֻ⡣
һ޳ĻҲˣ¼һ޳ܡ
޳㣬Ұ𣿺
СһӾʹܵ޳ߣҲҰϵȳζΧ޳תű޳Ұ˷ܡ


6 
С̵ӣ޳һȥɹʱİ׷̵ӣΪ˺ã޳ҶĶչˣ޳Ҳɹ̰ʳƽӴöˣС׺޳Ҳף޳ȥ׽Ƶġ
ҴģպףȻæϳ⣬Ҳ޳еҰûһ֣ʱţᡣ
һϿԳ⣬С׿ɾ˷ˣãҺܿ
ʱҲˡ
ʱֵģҲûʱ䵽ȥ⣬ƽҲЩֻи˼ɱֻ
̵סСӲУæۣӪϣۿɼľࡣ
ҳۣû취ȥһһؾ͵һ죬ũҵһ죬˭ҲŲ£ͷΪѣʱ޳ͷҰԴ˵Ǽʱꡣ
޳Ұİɣ
ǰǰҪĻⰡ
Ҳ廨⣬Ӳ
ģʱУʳҲУ鷳Ұæ˵˵˭͹ˡ޳ЦŻش⣬ȻŴҰҲУȱôһʱ䡣
˻Ҳ޳ˣ޳ϽȥҰպʳȥ⡣
޳֪ʱȣҲץʱ˼ҡ
Ҷʳؼңۼ̫ɽ޳ûĽתֻöԺԵӲתע֪ոն£ʹ졣
һͷƼֻ͸͸ҰԺҰʱһҳҳ˳ŷֱֱҶġ
Ҷ컹ûü˵ȳһҳлҰϵȳζͷˣҪ˵ܲš
̧ͷͼվҰԱߺݺһ޳ɼۺˣʱʲôûˡ
ò׻ҶվŷҰķСԺֻԼ޳ˣɼҰ޳һԼģ³ԾˣҪԼ޳ӻ·Ҫ޳ǲаŮװˣƽ˼ҵŮӣôġ
ģϽˮСʱ󣬴˸ùˣǵץȺȿˮˡ
޳Ҷһ˵žߣˮȡ
ϳžûԱһɽƣʱʱ̿̾Σգûûˮֵ޳ֻֽŶģԺСҲҶ˵
ҶҲ֪޳ۺˣӦһáȥ
˳ŷּûдСˮָǲõģֻȰѻϣ޳һȷˡ
޳ûдҳȥϸȷˣȿţȳԡ˵ŴҴææͳȥˡ
˭ҶУһǼġɱĲУΪҪʳɱˮ
Ҷ˼ңͽ˹ȥ
¶ԺӣҶδȵ
أĸһһӦ
ҶĿԺӣ
ѽ˵ߵӣɺþûˣʲô𣿡
ҾͲæأһ´ˮãϾܻ֪㣿
㣡ʲôģҰѹʳϴһϴ͸͹ȥ˵ͽ˳
ҶҲŽȥһæ̫鷳ˣԼܿ
˵ʲôأС壬ģ㿸ȥ㻹СЩ¶ôҪˣЦŴȤ
ڴŮֻҪδףڳͶСʲô¶ܰ
Ǿ鷳ˡҶĸм˵
Ѿˣж֪ģҶܾˣֱӳ˶պлٱˡ
˵ǻɶһģҰ
ֽ¾ͰѴˢϴɾˣץŴһߣ͵˼ϣ߰ɡ
á
ֻּһڼңҶĸţ˳־ͰŴˡ
ߵ·ϲҶļвû֪ʲô;ôţҲʳ˿ڡ
Ҳûɶ޳ԵֻҰ춼ˣøڴԷǰˣҪȻ
ڼңûɹЩˣҲ֪޳ԵҰԾ
һԵģҰǿ¶ԵˣɽϵҰˣվͲɽʳˡ
ӦԼԵİɣûüʣʱһˡ


7 ̱
һ˻ӦþһԵˣũ˾ǰæرǰᶫǶֱӰæ͵ҵġ
ϵͷӿ˽Ųͷأǵץʱ䴦
ˮյÿ죬ûþͺˡ
޳˶ӣ˾ҲҪæԺˮˮԾͿʼëָ
̺С͸ϹҪæˣ͹ҲæҲˮɶģûϡ
ûϵվſ޳ҰҲ˴ЩרŰɱĺӣǾûļҹŮɱǸⶼûС
޳ֽëˮһͿʼֽµ׼ݣ̸̿ĿҲ
޳ɣͷҶҲԺſڽӰںˡ
ˮʱ޳ҶѾ˼Ǯһ18ģڴ13ģʳģȼۻǮüǮʳʲô㿷ιƶܻòˡ
ǵţǮģǮûǮģҲʳһһŶӵȴ⿪
޳ֽһֻϴģһҶ׼ʣµڵſڵϿܽ˵̫á
æƺ˸˵һ½УԱдӣźþС̣æǮ޳ùͿʼк
ϺҲ͸λʼæ
Ǳһ½޳߿ǮܻܿĽµҲ׼Ǽ಻٣ô治ѡ
޳ǲϹѧѽҲ̫ˡһӹ޳е⣬̲סʡ
ɹ۲ˣǰͷҲм˼ʳ޳һ߾͸⣬вɣʱ룬׼׼
Ǽ˼ҹҲûӦʳĽһҲߣָͷ㣬ð޳ĽƫС
꣬ϵü֡޳ЦŻشһ߸һλָλø⡣

ѽءʶ־ǲһʲô
ˣĽֱ̾
Сӣٶ࣬Ҳ಻ȥҲͰСʱӣȺɢȥˣϵ⻹ʣķ֮һ
ʱ̫Ѿɽũûеƣ޳ֻϺʰͷĶԼСһȥԺһֻ
Ϊ̫æҲֻؽϼﻹлԹæʳҶĺ޳ļ֮£޳õļ⣬Ź͸ϻȥˡ
޳ҶվԿһⷢʣ̫ˡ
Ҷʣµֱ⣬ľ׼Ʋŷ֣βеóټ̼ҵΣȥҪģʣµҲʣµ֮⣬ʣµ֮һͲ֪ôˡ
̺СҲŷѵô⣬ıܲȫ˿̫ϧˡ
ʵڲУͶ˰ɣͣҲͷţҼмչޣװͺ˼ãҲֻ뵽취
ҶĴûӴô⣬޳ǼʣʳĴֻ֪ű˶֪ʱô죬̵ֻ⣬ҹʣµ֮һ⡣
̺СױϾһһСҹչ޺ͻؼȥˡ
޳ҶСææµµֱֿͣװгըȥˮ֣Ҳź
ȶʰɾѾҹˡ
۵ò˵ʳǮûݲϴ裬ɴûһͳ˯ȥ
һҶļҸǼ˼ըζ˯һ޵Σ糿ӵͷ϶ǿˮ
ڶ죬޳Ҷ˯ʱֲſںԺϴʱ̲סһЦ
һ˯ÿ㡣
Щ˰ɣɷˡҶ˵
Щ޳ûôܳԱȻû˵ʲôҶҲΡ
ر޳ɽԣɽǰҲֻǺ˼࣬ؼң޳˵ˮǻŲûôƽȣӻ΢΢Σɼֶ޳ȴʲôû˵
֮ǰǼû취ʡųԣڲһˣ⻻ʳܳһ£Էſ˳ԡ
УҽҪһ١޳µˮһЦһɨյƣָֻ
޳ͷ̫ոɹҲûλãҲȥɹˡ
Ҷƿ֣ڲ鿴ըõ⣬ȥһţŽʼ
ȣûʲô£Ҷճ壬޳Ա׬ǮֹĲҶľãҲͦá


8 仧
ϼּˣȺĦࡣ
žڽβϧ޳һҪžͱӽͷԶϵʱǽֵĽ׶Ρ
ӽͷβǳһȺ
д峤Ĵ죬׾ҵ˸𻧼ϢǼǵС
СţɽԭǸţãһЩ¡ʵҲûʲôرϽ뷨ûмƿ
ʱһΪ񣬾һֱ£ʹһһɽȻܹռһϯ֮ء
ɽʮӣӦ֣Ŀ֣Цеģܴ顣
峤˴Ҳֹ޳ĻҪ죬޳֮ǰһЩ仧Խմ峤Ҫȡ˵Ļƾ֤ԼϱյԶޣٽˣԷȽգ´Դ㣬άơ¶ˡ
ɽһ峤¶òЦøˣֱ峤ɵúá
ȻɽŵʽԱͷĹúãͷ˾ͲᷢɽҲˡ
ڸ޳ϢǼǵʱɽǷѡ
޳ûԭסػƾ֤Ҫʽ仧Ҫ鷳ö࣬ҪŵǼȡĵĵزסÿµ峤ȥ¶ʾûܣһܻ֮ʽ
Ѿûлĵؿ죬޳̫
ɽеᣬǰͷոտ˴峤ͷ͸峤˵޳仧̫á
ִ峤Ǽǵģһ㶼ڴһʱ䣬ͬ˵ģþܾ
ɽ˼뵽һ취ֹѾȡûͬ仧Ļ֮µĻʱּͬӵĻϾͿԡûԸ⣬⻧Ѱ졣
ûбİ취𣿡峤ʡ
峤˼ʮĴ峤һûлƾ֤¶Ҳе㷢£Ͼͷƾ֤Ҫƾ֤ûлƾ֤ʲôѡ
޳⺢ӣڴҲ۲һˣȷʵǸģڴӿϧˣɻвûȢ׵СأĹµľ;£˵ͺʹĸأ
ҲУҲԵ˼ȥūͣʱ䵽˼Ǿ͵ūˣūϺĵҵãһӿɾˡҲ̫ϣ̫ūġ
ɽû˵ȫǴ峤޳ȴҲδ˵Ļ
Ҿôˣū˶࣬٣٣ƴǾͻĳЩʧ⡣
ɽ˵꣬ûӦֲ䣺ôֹ뿪صĵطȥ⻧Ҫõġ仧˵ĻʵҲûʲôģ͵һˣֿ꣬Ļ仧УʱͲô鷳ˡ
ɽһ䣬峤޳ͬʱҶģҵĿ⿴Ҷе㷢ëҲܿͷӦˡ
Ҷһ£޳Ҫ仧Լ׬ʵԼ޳˳Եö࣬ɻȷʵһѺ֣޳ɶҲᣬƽԼ˵Ҳһ˵ļܹе塣
ôţҶתͷ޳ʹ峤˵޳ҪǲĻҼҰɡ
޳һ֪ԼĻǽˣһûסҶת˸Ȧģҿ̫ˣ
Ҷĳôһ޳ֻоһӿգȵġ
ţʲôأҶĴһ޳ļ˰Լ£ǣһ㶼أ
ⲻǸ޳ԹԹ԰˷£˼سɽЦ
峤ɽûʲôһЦɽ˵黹ͦá
ǲ峤ͷ
޳仧֮Ǹһ䣬Ǳˡ
Ϊ֮²ɽݴ峤ĵǼǲϸϸ˲仧ȷʵɳָһЩҲˬ죬չ涨ָѲ峤
޳ţȻ֪ⲹ峤ôţо߻칫Ա̬ҲãеôŰ裬ȽϿס
ߴ峤մô£ͷͽ˼ˣҲģɽô峤˸ӡʾѾ˲ͻʾ峤һ˿ˡ
ţ峤˵ԼҪ죬޳ҶҪҪһ޳ҶԼʹ峤ҪӦòһһ߷ܵʱ䣬Ǳҡͷܾˡ
˸峤лô峤صæ˾Ȼȥ
峤ԭܾţ⣬ܸСЩźãͻȻ޳ɱͷҰĲ˻ȥֻ˵עⰲȫͬ˷ֿˡ


9 
Ŀʹ峤뿪޳ɾͷſˣҶܣȥְɣ
ոչʱͺܺߵĽˡ
ҶΣֻøš
޳ǿ̯λе̾͹ȥ֣ʲôҪȻȻȻҶǸʲôõĻ̾ƯɶģϰΪҪʱַ£ʹҶ඼Ű˲ٰۡ
޳˭ѽСľǱ˵İۣľˣùÿ㲻Ӱ졣
˷ܺͺģҶľøĲѾ޳Сӣ̫ˣ
̫ƫƣҶĲò޳ȥ¡
޳ؿŽĽһͷЩƯɣʽҲãҶĴſ϶ÿǼ۸̫ߣ
̲ԶҶҪȥӣá
ǿžǸ·ӣʵϽׯµڶС֮һҵΧһ̺Ͳׯˡ
һ̻߲ׯҲ·ͲƥӺһĳ˻ԼҲɢЩʵõƷ·ͷʵƷϡ
òЩҵյƷʵƷйƷ硢ᡢ̨ȣҲһЩƤë幤ЩɢԻȵǷգûؾ֮Żȥҿ
ģҲķһЩһ֮İգڷкܶɢƷƤëȶʱÿδ󼯣ŵ궼ⰲɢĹҪõģֱǩΪõʽ
ѵϵĴ󼯣õﲻɢڵҲ˲̵Ķ飬Ҷ޳ȥվڶĩβ
޳棬ǲ£µʱô涼ܾŸӸ۲һڵ֪ԼŶӸɶˣʼҶ״˵
ģôѽҿǰͷüûءһˣ˲ǮӣҪǼֺסַƷĶҪǼ𣿡
ÿҪһͨһֽǮһֽǼֺסַģ幤أõĻһϸһӣһʱóƷúþǩеĻҲƷĹǮ
ҶĻ䣬޳ͿݳһСϸǼֵŮӣɵõͷÿŲٲ˵ӣǼҸɻҲɣ
Ӧǲģ˵ǼҵһһĹǮÿϹĸʱÿ¿Ϣ죬ҵĵСȻÿҲвһǮֻϢһ졣ʱϹöЩʱûᲹ͹ǮԶĻסڵö˶ڽ幤ãϧ
Ҷһ˵һ̾ĽÿǰϸϵŮ뿪ҪԼڽͲƽٷҪƽŷŶˡ
޳֪֪ߵ۵ôȻʱѾһˣʵʽӴǮĻᲢ࣬Ҷ˵ô֮ӦǺܲģתͷοҶģͺˣһá
ţġ
ҶҲͬصͷļԲȶ
ΪʵʽеǼǵĲ࣬ԶŲͦ죬ܿ͵Ҷġ
Ҷİ⼸ӶݸڵĹԱҶΣʹڸջﻹͦ죺鷳ն١
һ֪ˣҿͦ࣬˺ü˰ɣ
﷭еƷѡʮӣúøҶģЩöÿŶʮģмţÿʮģľÿʮһģʮһһʮģһٰʮģ㿴۸ɻС
ҶĿ˱ѡеʮţ۸ߵĶһģұѡеҲǰԤҪߣҶĺ㣺еģлл
ҲˬһֽǮһֽûѡеӺһٰʮǮһҶģЦŹ幤нҪз͵úúĥ˵ٹʱܵˡ
˵Ŷһ£ָҶĽͲյԭ򣺡ûյЩЩǵﻨѾˣЩе覴ãӦǸĹġûʲô⣬ȥԿ
ҶÿһЩ幤ϵ⣬ڲܵƷҲԭҲҶʣ˵ˡ
Ҷ˽صͷһεл뿪˴ڣ޳ȥҰʣµӶˡ


10 
޳ʹҶЩ˶ã֪£ƷǼʻϲľ¶ˣΪ׬٣û뵽ȫˣҲپʮһģİٶûϣɸ̾Ǯѡ
ӳˣЩĲϺߣˡ
֮ǰԣβЩҹըþãڶڴȥ͵Ķûˮ⻹ͳˣֻи˼Һ庢ӣ˵
һֻȥ֮һʣµĴشﵱƣ͸ĺˡ
׬ˣҲ
Σ⣬ˣֻҪմˮ¶ˣԴźþãڴϿżʲôҪģҲʱԻȥ
Էһα
¶޳ᣬֻܵ˹ҶõĶվſڵˣ˳һ°ԡ
ܱˣ˵ʲôĶУ˵ҪʳǸ˵ļҵϱˣ·һһҲ廨š
Ҷĺƹĳθʱ޳Ȼ˼ҳ֮Ķ̸˾ڶԱ߲ԶСߵС̯
ɥĲûİǧĶһḾ˷߷߲ƽ
ɲǣСˡܡḾһŲӵ̫̫ţˡ
С̯̯죬һߵӣЩ棺λʲô¶ˣ㣿
㲻֪̫̫죬ҲԣǴԶǰ£Ǹڴ壬һСտʼΪȥүү̼ȥˣϣȥңŷֺӶˡһһҲûţʮ죬ӰûУүү̶ҪϹˡǰǺԼˣһˣݵƤͷҩɤӣʲզ£ǺⱲǻˣţ
̫̫ʹļףǺӵĵҵǴ壬ҲģʼҲҲģƽرĶǺӻʱҶˣЩո˺ӵḾ˵ʱܲסˣ̫ˡ
Ѫˣ϶û⣬ȣеԺ˶
ʱְ˽ŵģңûע⣬ͻңӵչһޣŷֺӱˣ˵˻˿ȥл㱵ģе㶯ɪɪǱŻˡ
ӵһʹźϾҽܱϵд˵˺Σβ˺Ĳӵӵ״ݲģܱĵطѰҽȥˣҲ֪ܲκá
Ǻб٣С̯̯ʡ
ĵڶͱٸҲңҲûţ˵궼кʮӶˣѽ
޳ֱŭڣԲںܶණںӡ
Ǽʣ˿ھ٣꽵ͣ԰ȫǻıԶǣһ˶ҪϸıȺ塣
޳˼뻷гȻӰ죬κͼԺӳֵûмڵıҪ
޳ʲôôأҶĵĺ޳˼
ûʲô޳ùҶеΣԼţҪʲô𣿡
ҾͲˣ㿴ҪʲôҶҡͷҪΣȻǺܹ󣬵ö࣬ӵǮȫˣԷһǮȥһЩ
޳ҡͷȻԼ񴩵·ҶĵģԭҶĵ·ԼǴ˵ģ̫̣ҶòͷãȹƴӵʺϵĳȣȻе㲻ײ࣬ҺϰΪ
Ǯ·ܲܶ·˸ҴȻǼ
޳ǮȫҶˣס޷ѺͻʳѣϻϢǼǵǮҲҶĸġ
̫ӵʱƥ·ˣʣµĲͷЬ
ҾûʲôҪ
ǾͻȥɣͷеɹǱЪߣ߰ȫЩ
ϵ壬ҪСɽ꣬ɽʹǴһ߶е㺦£ˡ
ïܵɽ֣˼ɽҰ޻ĺʱһ˲ҹҲˡ
ҶĻ٣޳вزס˶ӵмûʲô˵ɽ꣬޳̲סҶ˵ſϢ
ҶҲľ꣬ʮ ⻹Ǳٵģûбٵأ
ȱóĺӣҲȱЩͻʧȥĸĹ¶ЩӶ˭ģ
ȥø峤˵˵Ǵ˶עЩϡͿ˰ѺӱˡҶ˵


11 ɴ
һɽʧ𽥰Ҳ½½ػ˼ҡ
ϺһžͿʼⶬӣʲôأôûأ
ʱⶬſڵˡ
ɽϷţûɣϺﰵֹеĳͷתȥţ￴ǲǷţû
ţϻţͦŴŶӣƵغϱõˮϺˣ˰Ķȥˣ춼Ҫˣٲָһ١
Ϻ׼ת뿪ʱ򣬺ȻţСľû˩һ¾
ţڼɽöˣϵûؼҵ·ʱ˾ͻԼƽкӷţҲǽкӿŲţԶ˻ߵ
ⶬǸϸĵĺӣ᷸˩С󡭡
ϺȻ뵽ǰ˵£ʱ׹ѣֽŷӡӡ
ϺŶųţʼѰҴӣӰӣ
ʣٵˣһ£Ϻȴ֪ߣֱֻʶӵ֡
ɴǸСӣϺһʹӴͷ˴β
ǰԭûʲô뷨ﺢƤ˷㲻ؼҳԷģҶôС
ʱдʶ˲Ծһڲ԰ժˣϺԣԼɷ򣺡ҵģϺǲǲԾһӦˣզû
ҲǸ˵ɷһôһ˵Ӷһۣͬʱ壬Ҳˡ
һӵˣǸСӣҶǴϹͷŽݡ
еĻкӣȱæˣǹȥ
áҲ˲ӣҴҳš
ӵϺҵʱϺſΧ˲ˣϺĶӶϱҲ˼ңϺһ֪롣
峤侲æŰ˳컹ûڸϽɽңһ߰ο˵ֻˤȻߵûѡ
峤ûͷִ˸˵Ŀ޺ƽƽ
Ǹ˵ɷ·Ÿ˿첽Ϻҹĸߴĺվڴ峤ǰ˵ԭ˻ؼҺ󿴼ţѾˣҲû룬ֻƤĶȥˣϺӵ뵽ԼҶƽⶬҪãʣֶҲˡ
´֪ʶӿܶˣ¾˽ţ
峤һ˽ͷˣҲʮ˼ңھ˺ӡ
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ⶬһĹС
ضѶѵøߣССھͱһ룬ҲⶬСǼҲСſڷضŲС
ռСվⶬⷽСѾһʱˣոտʼʱ˷ػصĽŲ˵ҳ
Ųûˣⶬȥƽǰ˵ĻҪ֮˭ץˣץߵǸ·ϲҪ޲Ҫ֣ðҪȥȡ
ûץߵģҪãñҲץˡ
˷ӽƻúܣװѾ뿪ӣСΪѾ˵ʱͻᱻߵ˷ץߣҪãõȵ˲ܳ
ⶬ֪Լ˶ãƽĻСﲻҶӶľˡ
͸ʱķ϶⽥ʧһŵôûѰһ߾ҪҪԼȥ³ȥ˻ƽһץߣ̲֮ס޳ָϽסԼ͡
ⶬѽȣʼյȲд
ܿ죬Ĺ߾Ͱȥ
ⶬȻԼ߾һĹӿʼܿƵ뵽˵Щ˵ħ֣ԼҪǱˣԵʱ᲻ʹԼˣҪôߴƽ类ץˣ˲֪ƽ类ץƽ᲻ᱻԶĵطȥ߱úܲҡ
ⶬ̲סޡ
ⶬСãˣûԼֵֶ֮£ҭ˯˹ȥ
ɴԼҵСŵ峤ô峤СϱæţɽĴȫɽˡ
ⶬƽţɽһѰҡ۲ɽײ˵ĵطֿӶһһһߺǵ֡
ޱϣһӦ
ֱѲɽ⣬ɫװȥʲôûҵ
ƽⶬ˵ĵڵӵʹޣվһߣ밲οֲ֪ΰο
һݺĵһ飬ٺһ飬˵ǲĶû


12 ҵ
˵⻰Լţ˶ӵԷȥˣԣң˵ҵˣҡ
в̣Ļԭ·ȥһһⶬƽ
ⶬԺ֮УںԼʶӦһء
Ӧ꣬ѹԼСһƲˣǶ߲ϴĺĵˡ
ⶬ˵ȥȴʱ䲻ûľʹⶬſϣˣѽ
ҹɽķشҶĦͷֱӸסⶬĿ
ⶬˣֻܲͣؿ޺ŵԼͣԶˡ
ҺܲҵԽԽԽҲ˲Ǵ﷢ģϽкҵҵˣˣ 
кָæѰſȥˣڷǰվ ӷغСﴫһ亹
ԺӵĵռϷ磬ʣǡǶ𣿡
ⶬϤʱˣæֹסң壬ȥƽ磬ץ
һƽץˣҲˣȳ˵˵ƽץıȥˡ
áⶬԹԵͷſôãѾָ֪˳
ʱ˶ϵ˷ǰⶬﲻⶬվȣһѰⶬ˻ʧõϲ÷һʧʹޡ
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ƽĵѽѣⶬ侲æ׵ѯԼӵʲôʱץߵģʲôطȥˣץ˳ʲô
ϧⶬƽץ֮ǰѾƽؽСֻ֪ץˣʲôҲ֪ˡ
峤ⶬ϶ĻشУƽǱѾܾˣٿɫ޺ҲҲƽˣֻȰƽʹȻؼҡ
ƽﵣĶ棬ȴҲ֪ҹɽеΣգΪһ˽ô˸ðգֻӴ峤Ļԭ·شӣصӣҾͶɢȥˡ
ƽףҲڴ·ʧǵոȥҶӣȻоӱקקͷһⶬǺӡ
ź˾ţǿžʣӣô
ĸƽ˵˴ȥ㲻Ҫ̫ģһȥòãⶬ˵ţһ£ϳֵĸԲҪңƽ˵ͲᱻץˣҪʹҳɣҲ۵ġ
ŹɵⶬĹǶӵĴץǵĻˣôСƽ籣ǶԵģĸôѽȥúóԷú˯ƽ棬԰
ⶬƣʾȥ
ⶬ°ѶӱڻҲ֪ôοϣ˵ģ˼ҵĶӶˣ˭ģԼĶҵˣֻ˵ⱻɷֻͬϵɩӣʹ峤ȥ٣ҵҵĺøҼһȥܱߵĴңȥʡ
ϴʱҲеô˵ô˵㷽򣬵ͷãȴӻȥҲŵùǺ˯ãҲעЩ

ոϼ޳ͬ峤˵˷ӵ֮󣬴С˶˲٣ǷҲǴ˺Сһ
ʮȥȻƽƽСⶼеи
޳ȥˣҲôɽȥøʩʾʩʣóݾͳݣϴϴĻƶҶĲģΪҶĺúĥ幤ȡлΪĽõ
޳鲻ر·СϪߣҶĸոոõ·ϴϴܴϣôһһһ߸·ô붼ĵòˡ
֮Խ壬ΪԾͽ֡
СϪϴ·ĵطͳһŸߴ̨ףϴʲôģգڴ£Ҳˬ٣Ҳϲ̫ղµصʱϴ·ʱܸܵġ
޳ʱѾкüˡ
޳߹ȥ˸λãȡ·ЦеغʹҴкѽ
á޳󣬼ÿ춼ϴ£СϱǶϰĴкʽҲЦ޳ķʽظ
峤޳ۼ⿴޳ȡ·£޳ѽŲѽ㴩ָÿ


13 Ѱ
ĸģҲ˵Ҵźÿ޳˵
峤ʧЦ޳⺢ӣǵССӵ˺öʱһһġ
ܲÿԱߵһҲ˻⣬ǿ޳⺢ӣӶҲɣҲЦõʹɶÿţ
ǣúò˵ڿ죬ҪĹŮζЦѡϧҼҶǳСӣĴߵġ
ɿ޳ڿ죬˳ܴԣҪ˵ĸСӶСĸϧˣ޳ޣҲǿ
⻰޳֪ôӣֻЦЦ˵ڳ˶࣬ܿ˰ѻȥˡ
˰ɣǺ֮ǰ˭֪ǼСڿ졣
Ǿǡ
ϴ·ĹĻ⻻һһ磬Ǽҳ̣޳ҲĬĬš
޳ϴ·٣ЩҪϴһ·˿ˣʰúʹҸҪؼȥͼмİҴСϪһ·ģһͦӡ
µҲˣ׷ͣɻʳôѽúõ·ߡ
СϱЩϼеı飬֪뵽ʲôˣµæҵʰߡ
¶ŮˣСϱĶҲʶˣ׷ʰʲôˣȻشҪ
¸ȳߵÿЩߣæߺǣȱߣҺӶˣң鷳һ¡
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µĴǼӣټ˵ĺӶˣ֮ģҲͶͣ뿪ĽŲ
޳Լǿʼûϸϸ۲ǵı֫嶯ǿҺӣǷľǹ
µһϰڴλӣҽ£ɴģҶƽ綪ˣǱץߵģ֪λûпҶӣ
ϵĸŮȻҡͷûЩӴûˡ
ЩӴ˶ȽϾûִİˡ
ԣʧż
һ컹ûͳĴӿʼһһӵңûҵԸӣָҲ˺Ҳ
֪ʱԽҵϣԽãֵܽϣҵʱʵѾܱߴӶҹˡ
ҪԼЩƽҲᶪĻҪжҪͿԽԽ𣬺޲øԼһȭ
òѵʱһŮӵ
Ӽ꣬ߣʲô·ﶪʧģӵòûʲôرģ˰ʲôģץֳʲô˵˵˵ͼˣϳ
޳ȻŮҲŵͷѽѽ˵˵Ǹš
͵̧ͷ·ֿϣæ10꣬ɽзţʱץߵģɫ·ͷпɫĲôߡԼ˸߶ȣ˵ӱȽݣƤȽϺڣָݵʱʳָؽһ̣ܺϡ
ãҼˡҲ̫ţ̫š޳ͷ˵ҴǽʣЩӴ˱ȽϽţԼóȻȥĻٲ˱ʣᵢЩʱ䡣
úúãлллл
һϹлЩҲ֪ʲôˡ
ãӦõġ߰ɡ޳ľǰ·
һ˸æϡ
ܿ޳Ͱ˴˴壬ģ˶լֻС̰治֪ȣʯӡ
СǱҳİ˶ʱްɢһûӰӡ
޳ûһһȥʣֱӰ˴˴峤ҡ
Ͼ˭Ҳұ֤Ķ˺ӣһǹȵأ
峤ҡ޳ڴ峤Ժſڸʡ
ڵģôˣѵ峤ҡȹš
޳µ˵һ飬峤ҲżžҪ˰Ұȥʡ
޳æֹ峤ô鷳ȥɹԱø࣬ˣӿһ㡣
峤һԴԶԶԣңͿˣȥࡣ
һɴ峤ţ޳л˼ҡ
Ҷľ̿ڵĥ廨»ϣΪʲô£Ҳ˲ϴ֣̿һӾͳţ׼ŵ޳ײ
޳ַһѣȥɴ嶪˺ӣ峤ټʻأһĴŲŲȥҲûá


14 
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ǣôҹֵĶֹǺӣʱڼұܣŴغãҹȴģֻû
Ҷɻô ͻȻ˵
ʱҿܲҪɽѲɽǲǶɽϡ
޳ҲʱҪȥѲɽЩ˷ô׵֣ƵǾ׵ģһɽ˵ǾɽϱȽεĵطڹ۲Ķ
ɴ塢Ҳ͸ɽһˮɴѾ˺ӣ˷ӶҲͲԶˡ
ôУɽϣˣô죿ǺͶɲһ
ҶĲͬץס޳䣬޳ܴԣͨ˷Ҳ޳ʤģԷ˶ڡɥĲأ
ЩҪȥҵʱ峤˵Ҽһ𣬾ɽϹ䣬ǿ֪Ǵ岻ҲǺõġҪȻȺӶˣˡ
ǡҶĻЩԥ
ûʲôǵܻҪҾܣӲİɡ޳·ҶĻǽüͷӺǡ
޳Сʱְ軹ڵʱԼʱְΰοԼģǰ˱Ҷģͷͷһڣ𲻿ЦЦŻá
ҶıĲˣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá޳ҪǸӣ²Ҫ
޳ûӦ̾һεͷòã㲻˵Ҫȥһ֮ǰġ
ҶҲ֪Լܲոͷģоеã޶սеӤõ֣ǰҲͷе
Ҷİͷ޳ǰһ̽£ȥ
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ʲôҪǸӣѾˣŮҲûмһͱˣḡ
ҪõҶİͷһ޳һۡ
٣ĶḡˣɱҰʲôʱ򶯲ˣҲͶ㣬ΡոǸǿ㲻Ĳűġ
޳
˭֪ҶһƲ°һ˫һȥˡ
еɰô죿
޳ͷ
峤ǱЧʼߣ޳ʱȺѾɢòˣ¼ҲѾ뿪ֻʣĴ˵
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ʲô£峤࣬Ƶתˡ
ҿɴ嶼£ƽɽϱߵģ˷Ӧɽ϶׹ǺɽǳȥȻ˵⼸캢Ƕôһͷ͵͵ȥҪڴҼ˵ɽѲӼ죬˵һץˣҲҪ֪ǣӶͶ֪峤ǷУ
޳˵ԼĴ㣬Ϊ峤ǣû뵽峤ֱӵͷͬã޳ܵ
ԱߵҲͣȷʵ޳˵öԣЧôܵ˲֪
ѽĴ嶼ѣ˵͵Ǵ壬ЩãһؼҸҵҵ˵˵ĻȷŷţҪ
ȥҴ˵˵
峤ˣοصͷãӴӲܺгУҲˣȲѲߣǻȥ˵˵ȥģÿ˾Ҽң㰲ɽˡ
˵Ҳˣ֪ͨȥˡ
޳ʹ峤˱Իȥ
ԻƫƧģԺŶţ޳Ժţš
ȣС濰˸ηݣҡȣŴ
ɽȥˣ˵˶ûУƫ˵ɽۣǲԼšС濰̾
⧲С濴Ϊ棬ϡѽƽǼҿɲʲôĸѽ
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޳С֪֪еݣ֮еɣ޳˵ô
С濴ţɣҵڣʲô¿Ը˵Ҫϲܻ
С濣޳ʣ֮ǰԻһɽʱԻиŮС濡
ԣҡţҸ㵹ˮС濸޳˸ӣҵʲô
Ѳɽ¡ոӦҲȥ˴ɹɡ
ȥˣǸɴĺӶˡѲɽʲôϵˮСһɣҲû
ƽɽ϶ģһ˷Ӿڴܱ߻ɽ϶׵㣬ҼһΧɽһ飬ôĺӱϡң˺ӣҲǶ䵥Ĺ֣ǰʱ˵ɽʱһԹѲɽ£ӦҲȽģ͹ʡ


15 
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ǵġȥĻϾȥ峤һˣʱ峤ϸš˶࣬Ҳÿ춼ҪȥѲ
䣬޳ͼŮһͦһ¾͵Լǰҿȥ𣿡
ڼ̫ģҲ죬ƫƫɽתС濸оԼҪˡ
Ӧÿ԰ɣһ¡
޳ҲȷܲܣٳٶҲδ޵ŮʵٳţȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ӦǷӰ죬ҲҰѻ˵
ȥȥĻҵӦҲȥÿı£ϴҵɰøŮƵġ
С濽żڵ룬죬е㲻ˡ
޳СƵģ̲סЦѲɽֲǴԣܿʲô¡˵Ҳûʲô£һμģþȣ̲ס˵䡣
ҵŲʲô˶䣬ôҶûԻ϶ʲôرģҪȻҵŲء
ڵС濰ٷְΡ
аɣǵʱɽٿҵȻȥˣæء޳ʵڲ֪ôСŮ˵Ͻҽڿ
ֲͣ˿ĳϣ޳ÿζе㲻֪룬Ҫ˶࣬ЦЦ˵ھС濣Ĭⳡˡ
ǸϽȽϺá
ðɡϾҲǶϤˣСҲֻð͵Ժſڡ
ܿ죬͵ϣ޳ȥʱ򣬴峤Ѿ˲ˡ
ǸȽϴĴˣʮ໧˼ңĴǿ׳꣬޳ԿһۣԼʮˡ
һʮˡ
峤òˣҲͲˣֱӰÿʮһ飬һѲһ죬
ֵ󣬴峤޳еΪѣѪյˣ޳ʺһ飬ǲŰɣ޳ˣԾҪɽӡ
޳Ҳ֪ʣǵðңҲһɽ
޳Ӵ࣬Ϊ޳ֻǺ峤ôµģû뵽޳ȴɽʱԼͬؿ
ֹ²ǳıӵȻȻȷʵԹҰɣ˵ֻأ
Ҫͱɽ˰ɣЩѵܰɽ𣿡һӲ
ԱߵļҲŸͣѽѽһ಻㡣ͱȥ鷳˰ɡ
ɲǣһŮˣɽ಻㡣
Ůúڼ廨ɶĲͺˣƽﵽܾˣϾģû˰ģ⣬Ѳɽ£Ͳزκ˰ɡ
Ѳɽۣ˭˵ȥչһƿ

Ǽߴߴ˵Щ޳ǲԼû˵Щ˻
峤㰲ǰɡȻȥˡ˵꣬޳ǼһֱۣӳŻؼȥˡ
ȥҶ廨⿴һȺǿ
úúãڣ㰡峤ʵ޳ûʲô̫Ŀ˵ԸΪӸģǺúӡ
޳ãκδ󻷾ˣ峤ֻóԶ޳ߡ
ǼӼ޳Լе㲻Ҫ˵Щʲôͱ峤һۣһѴָһС۸ҲûţϢˣʣµһӣողŵİżǵɽȥУȥɡ
޳峤ҵĿҲǸЩӣĿʼնԻ
Իûվڲ·ڵˡ
ӳ˴峤Ҿ͸ظȥˣƫǼ޳Ϻȵۼ⣬Ƽ޳ڲ·ڣҲûʲôˣǸ޼ɵˡ
޳ߣֿʼǵĸ̸ۡ
޳һ£Ǽػص˵˼ŮӾҪԹԴڼﲻҪ鷳ʲôɽ԰ֻ͸˸ɵģŮֻϺɶġ
޳ĥζˣЩ˸ոսݵʱ鲻Ըģ峤֮ͿʼᣬǲѲɽҪӣֱ˵ԾԼ߳¡
޳ٺõƢǸĥûˣֻվҵŮ˲ҵ£޹ءҲ˵˲һɽǸʲôһˣøֻѼƵģģѲɽͱҪֲɻƨԣ
Ǽ뵽ĵ׵ǵ뷨ᱻ޳Сӿôݵ˵ʱˣ˵Ů˾ǷӶãӶ˷ȥѲɽⲻû𣬱Ϊǲ֪¶ģһСһ֪¡Ϊ˭һŲŪ㶼û˵һ
޳ҪЦˣⶼЩʲôԻۣǲòᣡ


16 
޳Ȳˣʵڱòͷ۶Ҫˣǣ˰ݣţүǰÿͷĺúŶ
˵̧꣬۽ӸŤ˸Ťƣѽ˼Һú£ᶼҪء
һǸѽǳôûôŵˣ
һƢһЩ־Ҫץס޳ļǿɲǺǵġ
ֲ֪쵽޳ǰǰһûüӦСͰһţûվȣһƨ·һʯͷϣʹƨϴûס໡һ˳
Ա߼ҲȻҲûӦʲôͬĺиæǰְ˽ŵذ˷
һӵһԼΣַ˳ôۣ
޳ˣָֻ˸ոյıŤ̬־Ͳ۽ˣָֿ۾ϣ۾ָ¶ĳʵʣѽ˼ҺŶôеôѽҸոջΪ˭ɱء
ֵһ
ﻹ̵סſ֣ͬһѷӿ޳Ǿ͵֪ߵغС֪ǿɲʲô£
ƨϰһ£ֻǹʹߣŶˣΪֵܻͷĵذķڷֱ֮ͬϣ֪ͬ龭ƣֱ֡
֮£һƨȥʯͷԭʯͷǻԭǣƨɻǻǸƨɣٴϣ˶øʰ·硣
ӵȭͷû޳ϣͱɱİ˸£ȭͷ˲жͷԼֵܵĲ״Ҳ˲޳ˣְ˽ŹȥæŲԼֵܡ
ƨ£оƨɶģҲԼЩ׵ֵˣԼСƨվԹؿ޳һۣĬһһȳˡ
ǲǲҲõƨɺ֮˵ʹ
˼ͬˣ£Ҳˣ֮ǰ޳̺ݻţˣ
޳ȷʵͦ˵ġ
еЦô£ۣ
ˣȵҲ֪᲻޳ĵֻ·˸֦ʼִݡӲݡ
Ҷ˷͵޳ؼңĳʱ˵ܿˣ»֮ʱӰûС
ҵȣջ̲סȥѰˡ
峤ҷû߶ԶͿмںӰҶԼԼ˴Ｘôõ˵æԱһ㣬׳סԼӰĬĬȴ뿪
˾ʱţлųҶҲ̽ͷȥȼĥĥԶŸϽ峤ߡ
ɣ޳õȵȲˣҲͲˣ;кҶ˸š
޳첽ǰԼߣסҶĵļ򣺡ôˣ
Ҷġž޳ֱۣٶֶţҲ֪˭˵ܿأǲҲͲؼˣ㲻֪ΣҸոջǼˣ˵ҪǱô죿
ҶԽ˵üͷԽԽ
Уⲻڻص·˵˵ǼˣҲզ޳Ҷģֽŵ״ͬҶ˵һ顣
տʼҶĻţ߾ֻЦշһ˵ЦˣһЦø
޳ЦоԼҶĵһ档
ûʲôҶģڴ֮У˵ĸоᡢ浾ʱЦÿҶģɰ鶯ˡ
ûô㣬ƫƫЦջе⣬޳ͻȻе󡭡
С޳뿪֮󣬾Ϳʼڴصһȥ峤ңɺãԻֱӲؼˣС濵һޣʼǻŭ𣬺˵ǡ
Ϊ˷㣬СһɽϽһСľݣʲôĲɽ߶ʲôʱԻͻסɽ
ɽͷ»ˮСվԺﶼܿԶɫɽƫƫԻûؼңϳҲδ˵ؼ¡
òǳʲô˰ɣǱ޳˵ˣɽ˶׵㣬Ȼˣ嵨һֱӺ˸ˣȻ󲻵Ҳץ˰ɣ
СԺＱתӿʼܿƵһʮսȺȻòҰܵĳ
ҪȻôؼң
Ȼʵôأ
ԻſСľݶ治ԶϣضСľＸ͵ﻹռӵˣҧгݡ
ԻǳȥģԸ嶪ʧӵҲţ˿ʹõֶ֮󣬲²ǳ֮ǰܻȽж׵㣬ЩʱɽϵѲӵʱͳЩ


17 ҡ
ԻΪҲһƽ˾˭֪ɫˣȥûʲôջʱ򣬻ûΧԶԶؾͿǿ׳İץߺԿ⡣
ԻǸƢ̵ˣߣӾҪǰۡ
ӻûߣ룬ִû뵽壬ԣ֮ǰǼ壬ɽĿӶûУ͵ÿǶڣһƱ꣬Ӳϴ¥úһԲסⷬ࣡
ɲǣɱȱĴ󣬺ӦҲ࣬ʱҲᱻô죬øƱġ
ԶԶԣƱģôģֵǶ˺üˣﺢûһɽģ붯ֶûᡣ

Щ˻˵ЩʲôԻǼǲˣֻ֪ʱԼþȫѹԼеŭ𣬼ѵر΢Сһ˿侲
Է˶࣬Ӷ֣ȺĺݵģԼһüһùĺӱˣȥˣ֪ӱץ֮ôˣ᲻ᱻŰʲôģʲô֪Ϊ˺ӣɳ嶯
Ի侲һ뷨ҪϽش壬ߴ峤Ȼ⼸˶ץˣȴȥٸ
ɻͷ룬ʱ仹Щ˼Ȼڶ壬Ͳ뿪ҪжĻ˵ҲõˣڼԼĽų̣ɽɽ¿غüˣ˵ʲôϾҹ˾ģЩ޼ɵ˵ɽ˭ü
ԻΪҹģŶӣſιӲ˵Ⱥǧ˷סӣòݣأЩ̫ҵˣȻʲôûᵽ̫
ҹ̸ֱʧȻ˷ĺԻŶ˶ӣϻɫ˴塣
ȥȰץ˵
ԻСػص˴żץˣһ뵽˵׷Ұľì޳ٶȡǲļơ׼ͷǸԺ֣ץЩʱʧ󣬾޳ǵҰҲǿ
ֱֱؾҶļˣſеԥҹģҲ֪޳᲻ͬ֡
ǻСӣûš
ԺſڳֽŲʱ޳ѾˣΪǰһŵҪҹɫСϸϸŶԷſǻ˼ַŲȽİŲȣǸƨɰµ½Ųһһǳ
޳ǽŲʱʱ̾òУֻſķʥҹôС
Իһ޳ܿ侲
޳ˣ
ȷʵŲյģѶѡ޳㲻Ҳ֪ԻҹʲôҪ£Ҳϻʲô£ô
޳ֱ⣬ԻҲϻˣɽ˼ˣϴרŶԺֵǼڶǴĺӣھɽϡҰı²һˣʲôץʱҪĸܵˣľìסܵͳɡ
УǼˣмȥ޳ͷӦץˣ޳˵Ҳʲô£ʹôɡ
ǹøߴ࣬ٵĻƲǶ֣ԵöЩԽԽãðľΧ
ɽӣ
УҺСɽϽ˶СľݣһСξ룬ȥǵѣԻߵ
侲ȥˣѾƫɽͷȥˣÿЩ֮ǰľݸáɹǡ
úúãȥˡԻæͷתҴˣȻһż׻ͷ
޳ԺţתŷҶĲ֪ʲôʱѾˣվſڿҲ˵վš
޳Ҳ˵ԼʲôоǾҶӦ˵ЩʲôʣʲôУҶʲôû˵
޳ҲԼӦ˵Щʲô˵ͼҶתˣֻÿ첽׷ȥģҡ
ҶˡڵĶӣҶϰԱ־裬һҹʲôѣ޳ŵʱ͸ˡ
̸֮£¹ش޳ϵĺӣ˵ʲôأ
ȥɣעЩܡҶ££޳˵ͽ˷䡣
޳ŷǰ顱һϣĪӿһŭ𣬲ǶҶģǶЩźӲŵ˷ӡ
ѹѹĽ꣬޳ǻ˷Ķ̴ͱõļ֧ľìȥͬԻȥˡ


18 ץ
Իж޳ɹʱɹѾ˲ˣԼжʮˣоǼ
Ǽ˼޳ʱ۾ɴˣŮôʲô¶ķݣҹģһеģһŮ
⼸˱˵ЩʲôһԼֵܵĲ״Ϊƨ۱ԻڼţЩˣڳ˶࣬˶û˵ʲôǾͲصͷ˰ɡ
޳鲻ãûǼϸϸŴ峤İš
ȻԻѾԼĴʹ峤˵ˣ峤ְԭһ飬Դеǡ
׵˳żһɽϸϡ
ߵüʱ˲٣ҲˣɽѾʼ֧ϥǴͣ޳ֻǺ΢ЩһȺ˻ɡ
ñĵе㲻˷޳Ĺ˲١
ܿ죬˾ľݸǰľǼ˹ƶ⻷ܷģڵĶûУ˿ûͣЪ˼
˰ռƻľΧһȦ·ֶలˣֹԷ̫ûס
Ϊ˲ݾߣ˽ɽֻͿ˷ߵҩ¹ûѡ
ľڵĹֻ˴ͷݵǶڰϤԻ޳ΪԻָҪ޳ȥģҪ۲ڵð֡
ľì£޳ȥ֮ǰȡ˳־ͷŲࡣ
СŹڴ¥ΣСƣҹɱˣȾƺȵˬ죬§űžȥˡ
˴ϣӼ·ס֣˵ҪʵĻӿｿεЦþܾȻӦ
һߵЦһóһ˿
С齾ŵĴߣԻžͿ϶һںӰӣкһȥ
˯˲棬ҲԻ޳
ֱˣ޳ҡҡ֣Լó˸ʾ
½ӵ֫˸ȦһͷС齵ĸΪ˷ֹûսֽһӾͻԽԽһΪӳȺСĸȵƣ֫޷໥Ӵܶܲˡ
ʣµĸ˾еѰˣ˯ڵϣ봰е룬̫ҲǲóȻжܻˡ
Ի޳˳ڵ͸ץļ˵ˡ
СһվŰ˸˽ȥÿ˰һ˷ӣӵǸͰӵİȥ󣬽һ˰ϣΪ޷֫Ͱ˫ţжС
ʣµֻһϣˡ
޳ԻͷǸ˷ʱڶλõ˷ӣҲԺиоСеûţ˯ʵˮ䲻ںӰΧŸ缸̫Ϊˣŵûɢѽ
һµܣûдĴһ˼ֱϽס
һڣҲˣһȻң޳ԻֻüµǸûüԱ߷ʲôŲҽгСģе
ȻͼӰܳȥˣߵҲˣ˲˼Ϊʲô˿еӣʶܣһ֫ͱˣֻڹ꣬ʱ˭ʱ
޳һţŲľì׷˳ȥ
ĴҲ׷Χ˹κʲôʹ˽ľ飬˷еֲܲˣ˾ͻӣǰͷĴֱϡ϶˵ʹ߹󣬲Ծˡ
ͻ϶ͻΧ˳ɽ·Ҫܡ
ߵķ죬ľҲȥΪԼѾɹӳʱһֻľìֱӴ͸ļ
ϲľì˼£ҧǰߣ˭ֱ֪ڶľì̴³ܲˡ
״ŵøεѣҲ˲ˣֻƴǰӡ
̫ˣҪɱۣ̫ײˣ
޳˵ʣµľìԥҪҪʣµһҲˣתһ룬Ҫܣ˵ֱܻϳȱǱȲˣϢڻ󿴿ȥܻϳĻٺò
޳׷Ż˳ȥʱ򣬼û˵ĴԾܱ޳һȥҲ׷׸˹ȥֻٶվ޳࣬Ĳҽ֮ѭȥֻǵطֻʣһˣ޳ͻ֪١


19 
ǰ糿ԻʮѺĸ˷ӻصӺЩǾһֱһȽ˷ܵ״̬ץ˵ǼҲԼֵܵ
ͷ䣬صŵĶǹ˷ڷĻ⡣
峤û˵ĴѺĸ˷ӱٵʱҲͬ˵޳ʧһ£κϵ۱٣Ҫæճ£Ҫæʡͯһ£ʵڵѰ޳ɳ۵ɽһ޹󣬱ȥˣΪ˰ģֻѰ¡
Ѱһж˻ȥңҶĲֻ֪֪Է֯ȥҵˣΧɽˣȴȻһ˿ϢûС
żҲοҶıʲôģֻʬģ˭أ
޳ʧٵڶ죬Ҷȥһˣʲôû򣬾ǰĸʾ¡ĵط޳Ϣ
ǰǺ֣¸䶼ɹһЩڣ˺ܻ֮ύһЩԣ˵˿ˡ
ֻϧһҶԭסһڶʣڴ峤˵Ȱ˵²Ż˼ҡ
ҶĶԼҵһŴǵİһ߸﹡ϵӲݣͼǵ֮һЩ޳⼸Ϣ
ҶҲ˵Լ޳ʲôоȻҲһ£ܸо޳Ѿ˺þúþá
õӦ޳ͻȻ뿪õ޳һʧ٣ԼͿʼ̲סģ᲻ʲôԽܵ¡᲻ˡʹƽԷ˺
ҶĻеظиݵĶȴֿʼһ޳ദʱʱ̡̿εΡ
޳֮ǰԼһֱֵء񡢴ѭ·һ۾ܿľͷ
һǰԭ޲ͻȻһˣǸ˻ּġ׿˵ǼԼµġ
ƽ˸Ļʱ򲢲࣬ȴĬʶöĺѡ
޳ᵽԼ֮⣬Դǰ¾ڲᣬҲӲ˽¡
ÿ糿ͿʼһæµԹԣòľ
ʺܶƽﳣĶСũߡ·δģδЩ
رѧֻҪʲôʵﶼҪԼȥѧֻһͻᣬѧϰǿ˼ʡ
˴壬뵽ҶľЦ
޳塢µʱҲ廨ҲҪһԣΪֲ̫ڰ߶ôᣬһƬ廨Ҳòãϴ룬ϾͱѪڣ˼£ԸһߣСһ
Ȼǹ¶̫ˣҶ롣
Щ£޳ûʱԼ첻ôֻǵú޳һʱأ
ҶԣϵûŶԷʳָĴʹע
˿ڲͦѪ˲һ֡
ҶִͲԼ׿ֵˮмϴɾҲ˳壬˿ڷֹѪ࣬ȻȥֹѪĲҩ޳ġ
޳˻һ·ò˵еӡ
Ѻɽսսһ죬ϳҹ˾֮ʱ͵͵ɽ޳֪·֪ôƣƣϻƣɽ죬֪ڸƵġ
컹͵һũҵ·αװũ򼯣˶Ｗҹһ˼ҵšҪóغ׷٣ᱻ˦
޳СƾɵСԺӣٿ󲻵ʮ·̵򼯣ò̾ǴС
޳ܿѲҹˣԾԺӱϵ֦Ȼһ˫۾
޳񾭶ˣôһܵ׼Է͵شһۣûתͷԺŵƹķ䡣
üһҲǸ˵
޳ϸϸһΧȷԺֻܱˣֻԼǸˣ΢˵㡣
һɣе㷸Ż죬ûôϢֶʵеŲס
Ǵƹⰵȥ֮޳תͷһλʵʵĴ磬磬㻹Ҫ𣿡
תͷû˵
ϵĺڲסֻ¶һ˫۾޳ʵڿı顣
޳Ϊ粻зӦʱ򣬴˵ͷ
޳һһ˯жһû˯ˡ
ͷһļ
Եĺƽ೤ջԺĿ⣬Ͷ޳


20 
޳һһϳˣԲûκηӦ
Ͼ˵Ļڸǰǹ죬Ȼóڶıʾû˵Ϊץ˷ӶʧٵģǴֹס޳Ϣͱǰ˸顣
⼸ԺӵûٵǰȥȻҲһЩвЩ
߶꣬ʵںٿŮӿ޳һҲ˵޳˻ǲҡ
˵Ұɣÿ춼˵ѯϢ˵˰ɣʧˣ
֪޳ҲŽһ£ôģʵټ
ʧˣһֻ˲ŻִŵȥѰң޳һȥĵġ
޳ȷʵ˯óɼˣ磬ҲûĽСĵش˸ǷԺӡ
ʵҲþûкúϢˡ
˯棬޳û˯ñˣݺ˸ôͼֱͷû˼˼ҡ
޳˿ɫڻ磬Ժӡ
ýҹƣȻǰһҹ֪жá
ԺӲ󣬼ţ޳ƣûƶ˨
ͦ޳롣
ð·ݵеȣǿŵģ޳ڴϸϸһȷڵĺ˯е೤ţŷȥ
ӺСֻһӺͼӣһڵϴ̣ٽݣ
޳ϸϸֲûпԲ˵ĵطüͷ˲ץףѣûкӣǻбľݵ
ǿѰ죬վˣǴӦҶҪһڵġ
޳ϵλ磬ȽһϢԸ˵Ļ
ԭ·صϣ޳ִ˴ֱۣ磬˼ˣʲôкӣ
ſۣ޳뿪ʱˣˣţŵǸһˡǰӹǺ֣ٲʱʲôûСΧҲ֤ʵʱû뿪ӡ
ĸˣҸոսȥֻ
޳üͷøˡ
ôܣŵʡ
һ̣һһڴϣû
ԣҲʼüһأȥˣ
ԼûмǴǼһԷģ϶ţܿˡ
ԡأ ؽѣɹٲѹûѵ
û֤ݣٲҲܺץˡ÷꼫ˣ˴£Է⣬ƫƫûץ֤ݣ
˳Ĭ
Ϊ޳ʱ޳ͻȻ֤ݡ

Ҿ֤ݣĴ񶼿֤ʵ׷˷ӲģȻҲ֪춼ʲôǴһ٣ʱһɽץסǵģԻǼһ죬ʶҸŵǸǶ֤
޳˶٣ֵӳ󣬶زؾΪɼ˺ϵǳȻǶҲˣɼҲãٰɡ
룬޳˵Ҳе
Ҳֻǳźʧһ£ҲһʱҪ̽̽̽ôãûץ˷Ӳ˵ٸ棬ʱϢ㣬ҲЩŲסˡ
Ǿͱٰɡ
˵
ʣµľͽٸɣСƽǺúùԼͺˡ
ãȥ٣š
һ޳͵š
۷Ʒ۾ǷسţŸʾ׼ڸʾͿ޳ϲֱܹ
޳˭ϵãΪץ˷һ˴أرǸ˵ṩࡣ
ǰʱ˷һ³ٳٲչ˿ɳòУЩСҲˮȣٽкʧ١
ͷǰҪǻûнչЩ۷ǮҲˣֱӱиְأֱˡ
ãǰ죬Ǽλҹ󣬵ִӸˣҹЩ˶ץΣڵﻹֺġ
ֹˣû¾ͺû¾ͺã㲻⼸죬ɵļˡ
û£ҹǹȥץˡ޳Ҳϻ
Щ»˺ã춼Żؼأ
ʲô
Ʒһãеת䡣
Ҹ˷죬ҹһ˼ҼУǻ˼ȥѹûѵ
޳ôһ˵ƷһԴˣǻ˼Ұ֪ˣϽֵܹȥôģЩôС


21 ص
֤н֣һεץ˳
ƷƿԺŵʱ˱ѣ˯ݵ֣˯ݵ󶯾ŻžӣŲ·Ӵ˳ȥ˽۵ĽʵĻ֮С
ۣ
ͶͱĹۣúñɵӣ
󣺡
վӲ𡭡֪ǰֱӱץأĵΪʲôأ
ƽŻСŮĺ󱳣оȥص˿ܴ
صѾ޷ȷԼĵص˼죬ÿ˷ӹֻһͷˮ Ͷ
еСŮǰͽģСºڣûӦֵǵ˷ҪŰźߡ
Ϊ˲򲻶ӣֻðСŮ֣ҲСŮ˲˯ȥ
صһ߾ܵͷƽûóȻȥõصڵľ壬ֻŵصڸŵľȥͷĶÿζԼԼ˷ӵ
֮ȷ˷ӵһΪСͺãûˣֻҪܼסЩ˷Ӷʹ󲻺ó֡
ƽ˯ŵСŮű˵ߵصڱߣһ
ʱͷǾĵģ֣ƽѺߡúЩͻȻʶˡ
ƽʹ̵ȭͷͷľϣͼͨʹûķʽȡ
˷Ӷ鰸Ҳһ飬Ȼ޷ֻ֣ȰѺߣúһ
޳ںͷȻݴƵûӣһʱ޳Ϊǻǳڽ޳ͣ˽ŲϸȥڵĶ졣
޳ͣҲɻͣ˽Ųôˣ
ʱڶû޳һۣȷʲôһתȥ
ʲôûУ뿪ʱģڻģû޳û˵ٵȣٴֻҪһΣǾȷλˡ
ƽ£͸оǰڣֶ̧̫ˡ
ƽͷѾûˣƽейһЩҪĻˣҧҧ̧֣һΡ
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ֹȥҪľ壬޳һ£¡
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ƽѾûӦˣֻͷȴ޳ǿľ塣
޳˵꣬΢һ٣ʹľ壬濴һСڵصڴ
һصصͰȥȰƽݸ޳Ȼ˳ŵصȥ̽
޳ƽСĵؽԱߵĴϡ
ллƽ˵
޳ͷлʲôӦõġ
ҪѯһЩƽɫ԰ף񲻼ãˡ
Ŀƽһɨɫ·ͷɫĲָа̣ⲻǸɴƽ
Ǹɴƽ
ƽ̧ͷϵң
ҹ㡣ʱżǶ㵱ʱϵĴżǵú壬ϵ˰̣Ҳǿϳģû¾ͺá
ƽûʲô͵ˡ
ƽﲻ˵ҲΪײע⵽Щ
ƷͬͬѺ˷һ·޳˵һͷͷ˲ˡ
޳Ҫ֤ˣҪȥ¼ģ˿ô˵á
ƷֻðеĻ󽻸ͬţһȰ˷ѺΣֽ˼ԼԺӡ
ƷһݣÿСŮӵصڳ,ٿϵƽ۾ɴˡ
۸æȥӹСŮԼ˵ص
Цץ˾¶ƽոˣǸʲôҪô֪ǾͻȥԼɣ
һͨڣ޳ýƣҲǼ̽صһͷˣңҲܹܵˡ
С¼ڹͷѿһƬ
ܺߵĸĸſڵԼҺӣ쵽Ŀޣû쵽ĸޡ
վȺ֮УסĨᣬĽؿЩҵӵ˼ңޱܹƽ֣ɿ߻ϲϲ߹˼һһԼҵĺȴһϢҲûУ̲ס
ԺӱץϾû˯þΪ˸ʱ֪ϢǷ򸾶˱ֿѰңסϴɽҰ֮ҡ
˵ҵˣֱȣ֪ŵţǼǵֱӽȥˣҲû˵ûкӣʶΪƽûҵǰһڣҪȥҵԱߵһḾ˷һѡ


22 ؼ
ллϳԼĸ˵ͷл
ްḾ˵ţԼ۽ǲ˲˫۽ضſڣĪҪģٵȵȣ˵
˵ôḾҲû
ע⵽״ԭǿˣţֹסˡ
ڳЩ˾޳뿪
ƷæòɿҲˡ
ǰ˶ӣƷ޳Ӻ뿪޳ţпȥʲô
ϹٱȥʱѾȡֻǻ˭Ҳûȥע
޳һۣһüĿӣòرɫʤʣһ֪ǵײ˼ҵĺӣûʲôϵ
Ȼȥˣ¡ټ޳ͬ
Լļ˷ӳ˰ûüĻȥ¼ﳤģʹ޳̸Ҳסˣ޳˸Ҿ񣺡ڡ
Ҷĵ޳˵Ļһſڵţһûһµӡ
ɽɽӣֱյգϼ½Ӽſ߹޳ʼղӰ
ҶĿ˿߰ӣʧػȥˡ
޳ŲֵŻؼͬҶĹڣ·ʱʱʱʹӿ߱Сܣ˾һΡ
·ϵǺͲٴϣȻܸ޳ܻ޳ȥǵҶĻڼ޳Ҳ޳ˡ
޳վſڣƽ·Щҵĺ˶ſԺţģһ
ҶĲҪӵһо඼Ժֻһͷڻˡ
޳һûӦΪҶûּڣģ
ˡ
Ҷ߳ţһ۾ܿվݵ޳
첻޳ʧǰʲ࣬Ȼ̸ͷ棬Ҳˣ·֪䵽ʲôһһ۹µЬҲһӣʲôƵġ
㡭
Ҷûʲôõ£ֲ֪οڡ
޳û룬ǰվҶĸǰҶĵǸģԲ𰡣˵֮ǰڣǡ
Ҷĳ˵ϸϸش޳˵ʮ㣬Ҳʲôȷû֮һû£ƽͺá
㲻С޳ͷֱ̧˲䣬һζ
޳һ󣬲ԼѾüûϴˣϽ˼ԶҶġ
Ҷģ
޳ЩΣǸȥϴ裬̫ˡ˵ܿˡ
ôҲ֪ЩԼʱ£ɫƽġ
ҶĪͼ޳ӷԡŷӦʧЦ
޳ˣҶҲȥʲô岻ˡ
Ҳ֪޳⼸Σ޳ոյ״̬ü֮ƣҶĲ޳ӦûԹ˳
޳˼ͰˮԡӽԼϸϸشϴ˼飬ȷԼȫѾ֮شԡ
ʱҶý˶
޳ԶԾߣȴҶһԷ
ٷԵúܰ޳ΪҶĻЩ춼ʲôû뵽Ҷʲôû˵극޳ΪܸûˣҶֻ˵һ䣺ʳ˯
ȻԼæȥˡ
޳׼⻰ûಽظҶ󣺡ģҡ
ҶλͷضĻȥ˯һɣʲôµ˯˵µɫϼĹһˡ
Ǻðɡ޳ȷʵۼҲǿţҶô˵Ľȥˡ
ڣ޳Ҷվ޷ȥмˣΪ޳һ˯졣
ҲãҲǸѡ
Ҷʱ׼һòˣְԺɨɾ³ʱԺ֧һӣʳϣһ߳һ£ʳ붼⼫ˡ
еĶҶתȥ޳ѾˣԺӷҶĳ֡
޳¡
Ҷĸһ𻨲裺С̡
޳ӣһڣǶصζ޵ˣ㣡
˵ûסһСһСڵؽźȣ豭Сû¾ͼ˵ס
ǰɣȥɽռģ˺þáҶЦŸ衣
Լ𣿡޳棬ĺ㣬ԼԺԼʱԺȣ
Ȼֲʲô£𻨲ݲ裬㣬Ժпԡ


23 
˵㣬޳ɾ˷ˣϻգʵп̷Щ㣬ǹЩ
޳Ȳʣʲôʱпգ
ɡҶ룬ȰͷĻꡣ
ðɡ޳еʧĿϵʱ򣬾͹˲ʲôʧʧˡ
ûеĶкü㡢⡢źУǻˣЩڴ˼㲻ʲôҶǰѵһ
޳ûţ˲ÿӣֱһƷ
ǰʱҰ⣬εƺͻѬգپˮһϵĽݣȥη֣Ȼг״죬һҧȥζڿը޳۾
ҶĿһۣû˵ʲôֻӻͳһɾӷ޳ǰá
޳ҲˣüҶЦ
Ҷתͷȥ۸оЩգҲ˸źгԡ
޳ȥüȣ꼦ȥźУԵòֺ
Եòˣ޳ŻҶ˵⼸ľ
޳˵ϸҶ档
޳һΣҶĶҪã˷ӵиŷô죿
صʱ̲ס룬صҪǲƽ˷ô죿
޳ҶɫãԼԼ֪ԼʲôطҶĵˣ벻
Ͼ̣ɽж֮⣬ҪǸ٣Էη֪Լˣʵûʲôֵõĵĵط
ûʲôͻҲûʲôýģ޳ûһͽˡ
ҶĳԼ˼Уûע⣬ֱ޳ɻش˴ļ
ôˣ޳ɻ
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ҶĳĬһ£˵
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޳²ߣԼĵӰȥҶߣתƻ⡣
ǰҲô𣿡
˵ھǼž۵ĽգҪһһԷһЩ¡ȹ𻨾ʲôģոҶҲֻǺ˵𻨲裬˵⣬ľûˡ
ɡǰֻڣסϵӤãƽЩǮȻʳϲ£ʲôҪǮСֲȥ˼ūֲͣС£ԹЩҲãӤûкöСãһʲôġ
֣ʲôӤǹ¶Ժ𣿾ר¶Ӥ֯޳ɻδʡ
ǹųĹŮרչӤĺӣҲΪĸӤ̫齨ģרĺӡӦú˵Ĺ¶Ժɡ
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ҲһʼȻϲ𣿡޳ʡ
ûУһֱϲҼ𣬾һֱչҡ˵ҸճûþͱӤſˡʱӤСһΪԭҴС͸ճҲû¡
ҶĻ˵ţ
Ǻأ
ҳˣ뿪Ӥã˵ףҼˡ˵ǻ˼ҺܺãҲŸոճ󣬻ûüأҾûޡһӤ£ͬ⣬˵࣬ϣҼˣȻ˼ҵĹŮһӡҲ⣬˺þá
Ҷ˵ţͣһ£ƺѹʲô
޳ĬĬţûгԴϡ
ĬһҶתͷ޳һַۣ˷۽ǣּȥ
ٺϾˣߵ죬˵ҼˣʲôʲôֻҪҸľͺá죬˵ȥöȻұںŵһִˣ»ȥʱӤѾûˡƺʿңӤмĹֵġƭң
Ҷûʲô޳֪ʵƽȥסģĬĬο
ҶĻ޳֣۾ʼû뿪һԲ£޳ΪٿڵʱҶ˵һ䣺еˡ
ʱ·ֻص졣
챾ӦǺƽһ죬Ҷģ˵ϱС˵ʵһ㶼ƽԶ޷ıʹ


24 
գҶĺһӤõ¾Ҫϴ·ȥʱӦڼ麢Ƿ򴲵ͻȻȥϴ··ϣȥæȡ
Ҷĺ޲ؾȥˣڸճŵʱֱӱδߡ
տʼΪ˷ӵĶ֣һ·ľս
ϣβǸ˸˰󣬺óԺúȵչ˵ԭɡ
ԭڶԼںýõ֮ͨУ֪СƽȲ˶ãΪǸСӤõĹ֣ǳ۰ǳΣֶ޷ЩԼܣȴҲûкӶߡ
ҶΪһִĺӣһδδѽҶĵԼĺۣ٣᲻ãҪ߾ȫߣʹҶĿ޷
֪Ҷ֪ԼߣԼȴӤãҶҲӤð벽˱²ߣԼĽýҶδߡ
֪һ̣ʮҶĲ֪ʲôļ٣һ޶Ҫ˷ȥȻǺԼ˵ģҶģͣЩ
ҶûֺܾܿãʹСϢ
뿪֮ûãܾˣСĴѹΣоɱ޶СİղԱ
ȻյԱΪŭһ죬Сռȫɥ֣Ӥøһ٣ֻЩ޹ȥİʬ֮ﳤȥ
֪Ϣһ̣Լʲôأ
ҶĲ֪ôݣͺǱ˵ͷݺݴһӣͻȻһƬհףǰڣȻͣ֫ò׻Ӹͷӣ֪Լܶ£ҪϸҪʲôʱȴãȻ
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ҶûĶãǸ˴Ǳ󣬱뿪˼磬Ҳÿ뿪磬ҶǰŸߣС
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š
޳ԭתƻ⣬ҶԼʧ£ûתãҶĵ£ҶѾ˵ԼĹҲ˵ԼĹ
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Ϊҳô󣬻ǵһοôƯķ羰
ô᣿Ҷľȵתͷ
ô᣿޳ЦĴӺССԴرƶ񤣬ֲʳģûǮҲ޷뿪˾ͽɭִԣ͵͵Щ˼ҵԶάơûоӣӣΣյʱǴӲϳţῪ
ҶⲻǡǡӪִʣתҶĴ
ʧȥĸΪϢҶ˼꣬ʼǴ˽ӼãǴҲҿһڴԣҲԵļɡҵʱСֻڻɽҰΧץЩСȡ۵ʳΧôСгҪӡ
˵޳Ҷĵɴ۾ЦŻ˻յ֡
Ϊ˻ţҳð룬ҲˡֱʮӣǸڴ˹ϵ¶ԺϢ˽ҴߡǶԴǽ̸֪ʶǵسתѵҸʦѧϰ꣬ȻԶӣֱԶ֡
޳˵ҲʼֳôѣҲĵطĹ簡
𣿡Ҷʡ
밡һԵֵܽã¶ԺʦȥĸɨɨĹϧ
ϧزȥ
ȥǸܺõ֣һкܶ໰˵ȴߣκοϵİ취
Ҷˣû԰ο˼ͬɴ˿еѹһģα˵ЩôءҶĴȡӣϥϣȡһ޳û˵


25 
ҹ̸֮޳оԼҶ׽˲١
˵Ĺϵͨѽ˺һҪ˵ʲô֣Ҳûʲôرı仯ǸоҶĵĻ˲١
һ꣬ʺֲ߲ˡ
޳ҶһԺԣѣ㷢ͺõļۣϱһϸϲѣΪ˱ʪ󣬻Ҫٸһ㵾ݡ
޳ŽݴСﱧԣԺſھʹ
޳ͷڲҶȥš
˭ѽ˭ҶļſŵļİˣϵСĶУһ߸ˡ
߸˵УһˣСӺˣԼԷޣԷлŲٶݵӣҶһʱŲô¡
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Ҳǰסƽ֮˵Լ⣺ҶɡǸɴģ֪޳ڼңֹƽǹ뵱л
ѽѽⶬҲŸ͡
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޳ڼңҽ˵ɡ
Ҷÿӣ˸뵽Ժڡ
޳ǵ̸֪ԼģϽԺϴ֡
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ⶬүүݺᣬмò֪ôźãֻһظ޳ϹֶӼ״ҲŲͣϹ
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26 ճ
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޳ֻҺǿˣѧôòݱɸСû뵽ʱ죬Ǽô顣
ӢҲóԺ󣬵б²УҪץߵġ
޳ǵԴתƻ⣺ʲôѽҴԶЦˡ
͡޳㿴͵СкҲǺС磬޳չʾĳɹССţڳԲݣ
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27 С
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Ǯ޳Ͱ͵ؿҶġ
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Ҫ֪ôǮڵȵ޳ʣ
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Լ׬ͷĶ
Ȿ͹ֻ󣬱ϾǼλѬɱǶ¥Ѳ
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ҶһҲǣͷԵģǮԼŲɣЩͨ˼Ҳ򣬾¥ִϹϵҲš
УСǹȥ
һγ̯˶û飬£ţ޳Ҷﶼûס
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Сô򼯣ģȻַǷ
޳Ҷ˸̣ͬϰ֮ſ֧СӣԼҪ۵Ķϡ
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һͭ壬Ҫ١޳ŽҶСʢһף󺺿
󺺿Ƿ̲˶һЩҲ⣬Ͼء
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ϡ޳ӸҨףɲ·ϴűĶҲġ
̵̲ĻɲҪţ·ϳԲÿЦǺǵġ
֪ˡ޳ָ󺺼һɵı߽ϡ
󺺳˳ȷʵẠ̊́ζҲҪЩɣ޳ãҪߡ
ѵСǰ˵鲻࣬ǮҲߣ޳ྡ
Ҫö࣬޳ֱӰļ۸۽󺺣õҲԸáѵֽһæһߺʹ󺺴ҶľһǮСӡ
˼󺺶ſڳٳٲ뿪һͷһ࣬Եÿ㣬ǼǱߴζͬʱҲе׷׵С̯ǰʼۡ
󺺺࣬Ҳ޳ˣĵڶࡣ
˳ʣҲӹѳһھˡ
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޳ǳ
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28 ϳ
а취޳ʡ
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ҶҲЩȷո۲ˣ˵ЩˣʳͣϾǼͷԻ߾ǰԡ
ҵǮһС룬Ǯһ룬һǮһС룬Ǯһ룬û̲ˣĶ֪ôԻ㡣
Ǯһ࣬Ǯİ࣬ݰˣҲˡ
̸ܺЩ˺ֱ̣ͲԼС̯ˡ
޳ûĥҶʲô취˵һС̫̫ƵػεС̯ǰ
С̯ǰҲ˵תתƣ޳ҶĶһۣЩĪ
̣ҪЩʲô𣿡޳ں࣬ݸҶģȻ̫̫ѯʡ
С̫̫ӻ֣²С̯ϵĶˣ޳µش޳ëֱ
С̫̫вϵͷǺöأڿ죬ԸҲԼҺһؿ
ʲô
޳ҪʣͼС̫̫Цеظһ䣺ⲻǰʱץ˷ӵ޳СúӺúӣĶҲģطһĺӣøͲԶ⣬Ҫġ
Ҳ֧֧֣ѵһεСﳢ
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ϣϰ彫̲һ裬٣ƽʱһ룡
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29 
һôʱ׬ǮҶ˷ܵһû˯š
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ٶǮҶû޳Լţ޳ԼҲҪʲôòţҸҶıˡ
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ڶֿʼͷԼ
޳еĻɫÿǺÿǿ˸оҲ
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޳ûѧ̿ڵϻĶҲҶԼɢ˼άǿó
ҶĿ˼ۣҡҡͷÿǺÿʺӣ絹ǲЩ
޳еʧ䣬̿һ˼ʣȻ뵽һ취ǾѽԼ壬ǻͼˡ
ҶǰһУļ۸Ȼһ㣬Ǳȴɺܶࡣ
ûֽʣͼ¶ʱһ䡣
޳¿ˣĿתһȦǽߵСľϿǰ͸ҶĵġѾ𿪣廨һͲҶҲɫ˻ɫɵĸС΢Ĵ΢΢ζ
Ҷı飬޳Ϊڼ¶أû뵽ˣСľռһϯ֮ء
޳˹ǣĿתԺ
Ժ⽥˵޳û⣬ЩԽԽ
޳ֻóȥ
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ˣҸšƷü
޳ø°ķˣǸ˵˵˷ӵ¶峤վڷƷһԽŷƷ⡣
ܱΧֵˣƨʹ˺üˣеʲôӰ޳ȥʱ˶㣬һڶӡ
ɡ
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ʱҶó
ڳԱӡƷһ˻Ҫ죬ҲϻŴ峤ĸȥˡ
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30 
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ʮĿǰ֧ء
Ҷȴʮ޳ðյģԼ޹أռ˱ˣϸ廹塣
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ǹٸģɲҵģ֮ǰС׬Ҳǣֻǰæôֱռˣ˵㻹ҪǮԺӣ˲վסš
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Ҷĵһ˵ûתǼԼ뷨޳ҡͷ


31 ͽ
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Ҷĵɴ۾ô𣿡
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СӦ
޳һˣҲˣܵС׺ͺСߡ


32 ժ
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С׺ͺС״Ц
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аɡ
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ͷ
ܿ죬С׺ͺСѾװǵܱһؼȥˡ
Сһ뿪ûã˼ˡ
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Ҫ˵˭֪޳ôˣһҼҵģ첻Ӱ˵ʲôûǲŵġ
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һ²һ£޳Ҳûʲôͷժѡ
û룬Ǽȴûͣµ˼
˵Ҷģ˶˵ܸɣͻծˣҲưǮǲɲɣһڼҲ֪ڸʲôģ֪֪治֪ģõװ׾ģ
Ǿǣ˼ҹǮô졣
ɲǣ޳ҲͻȻðģ˭Цĵģ¥ƵģҸڼŻȢ޳ϱ²ǿ˼ǮЦˣ
֣ظЩ
޳ģ⣬ҶĵģͬקҶģ˵ģľһ޳ҶĲ׬ǮҲɾ
޳Խ˵Խ֣˿ûͣ˼̲סվ
զλſǼǽͷˣǱͲɾһñҲɾ
޳ͻȻŵüλ˵˻Ͳʲô£ײòˡ
һе㲻˵ЩʲôԱߵһӣ˳˵߿ȥСסСҶű¨
ڴ¸أһײǣС׺Ҷ޳ϵãҪǱ˵лǿɲˡ
ºСײϣˡ
С״ԶվժѵĵطΪҪææɽܡ
վڼվĵطʱ˼Զˣɻ󣺡޳㣬ôˣ
лˣ˾ˡ
޳ûô⣬ֳ฾ûʲôýģԽǶǺɫǾԽôߡ
ŶСͷ׵һ
ժôࡣҶĲǼˣǼڴͲôãϵһѣɸ̾ٶͦѽ
ãһժһƬͦӦûժ٣ʱƽ˾ͳɡ


33 
ûжġɾչ޿ƣһ¨Ҳֻһ롣
޳ЩԼҲԲ˶ٰ̫ᣬ
СмϿ廧򣬵˵ԼЩѾƺȡҶ
·мҲѵģԼز죬ɽԲûС⡣
ҲУǻЩ⣬һ˰ɣʱգɽʵʱȥԡ
ŻʮĶҲûôԣɴȫˣҲŶѡ
ҶȰ޳ҪɽˣΣաųܣ컹˵ĻֳֻõͷҲС
мȻַǷ޳Ҷֵ֮ǰǸȥˡ
ϰȴѾãò׵ˣû޳˵⣬Լæӭȥֹˣб̸һ̸
û취ҲģǼ۸Ը˵㣬һǴС⣬ʡ
޳Ҷһͷˮ˳ϰĶһС¡
ʲô⣿
ϰ޳Ҷĵ˱裬Ҳ£ǰǲſʲôһЩʳ;ͺǼ̲һڣҵСӣҵͳ˳ζҾһЩ⣬ʲôģ֪ߣ
ȻеģԸĻҲѹ򡣲Ҳ֪Ұ⣬Ե۸񣿡
Ҷ޳֪еŵȻشϰĻ
ǷģҴˣһʮģҰ⣬ҾͶʮһǽǿǷԣ
ʮģĻǹˣǡ
֪ϰҪ٣̫ٵĻҲûġ
ͨⶼʮˡ
ʮɣúãԺ󻹸ǽ
һøҲһʱˡ
ʮң֪ϰܲȫ£޳ʡ
ԼĻ治һȫ֣һλǶ̫̫Ҳǿϱʾֶ֧֧ѣܲÿҪ˼Լйɡ
ϰϸϸһ˼ҲͶʮ⣬ʵ͵˰ɣҲ޳ˣʹİ壺Уҿȫ¡
ʮĽ⣬һȫˣһǧİģ޳ͷһȥεĳɱҲ׬˲һӡ
࣬Ǯ
Ҷĺܸˡ
һ޳֪ϰܡ
Ҳ֪޳ܴԣ֮̾æ޳ԼҪԵҰһҪȸһЩʱأҪһЩͷ׬Ǯ
ûǩϾССҪ˴ڵҲû취ȫ£ֻ˵Ҫ޳ȿǡ
һʽ˳ɣ޳ſ̯λ¶
㣡λҪֻҪûռˣǾˣҪҪأǰ˵һҲܸš˵ǻʲôҪĶ
ܰڰ֣ſڵλãЩ棬˱¨ոմ򿪵ֻװǸһͲ֪ʲôˡ
һЩɽѣϰҪǲĻ
ҶƿϲĲϸһ
ҲСڣӹһŷһӽ
ţᣬɣͺһڡ
ЦеģȻܲ
˵Цˣԣֱȥͳɣſڵ̯λֲգЩСǾ͵͸㳢ˣġ
޳ӱ¨˼ɫЩѳݸܣԼҸװˣҲûʲôװġ
ҿɾͲˡлˬѣͷԸϱӳ
壬˵ѣ¶
ϰæûÿգ˳־˿ѳԣ˵
ѣҲǵһ֪۸ô峣ڼϣ˵һЩ
ǮһɣûмѹĻƷʺЩģͶġҿòҶţûôѹžͺܲᣬĵͷˣҪĻûѹܶġ
ӣллˣæǾͲˡ޳ЦܵлҶҲ΢΢˹ӡ
УȥɡҲæˡ׼ˡ
޳ҶſڽԼѰڳûںãϴεһ̫̫ˡ
СŮβЦеģͰúܡ
ˣҪһѣ
Ļѽ
޳üһţСӲ˲ݸ̫̫̳֪ˡ
С̫̫صͷ


34 ż
޳ȻһЦû
ѽᣬҪϱԡҪ⴮Ǵ
С̫̫صͷָСƷЩѡ
̣̣ؼм¶
һԱߴ޳̧ͷȥǸµḾˣС¡𣬿ǻȣԼǻ·ݵӡ
ѽôˣڼ˶ײô졣С̫̫ˣ˶ţֵ
Ȼţ޳̫̫иԼߣֽиţиվȡ
̣·ݻСû¶Ȳ˵¶ˣС˷Լˡиüۼȫǽ֮ɫ
⡢⺢ӣһ첻Ͻߣ̫̫һĴȣŭ
ܿƽŭ˸ϱ֣ɲܼӲá
޳иżϼӿ춯óƵѴãݸ̫̫̣ˣһǮǮͳɡ
޳ָָҶġ
úúá
̣ôˣиʡ
ⲻҹ㲻˰÷Ӱᣬҳˣᣬȥϴϴٸԡ
̡ иЩݡ
С̫̫˶ͬ޳иҲЦŸŶ޳Ҷף̳ߣƽлչˡ
˿λߡ޳Ҷͬ
ԶҶľ˷ܵ޳ӡ
޳еĪôˣ
ǸżϷأǸɽףϴûϳû뵽Ϸôƽ׽ˡҶôǮˣ̯ˡ
ڼûǲ˼Ҷදá
޳֪żҵ¶벻ʼ硣
Ҳǡ
ҶĲԣһֻ˵ոͬ޳˵ҲеԾ
ǽͨԱԴֱȽѷĵطһ굽ͷˮҲͿɽɽĴȱϵ˼ҾֻܿӦˮ
޳ѼʹһЩ˼Ҳ⣬ûñҲ֡
޳ձ¨һһҶ˵ʱ仹磬ǹɣҿûʲô
Ҳá
СԱϾСһȦûʲôй
˹Źž͵ſڵĸʾǰ
ʾϵѰʾϵģʲôʧ졢Ѱ¶Уͷһͼһ޵¡
޳ʶֻ֣ҶģŸµʲô
ͨɷڣʮһ꣬ԼߣʯˣɱݣץסɷʮṩЧϢߣ
⡭
޳ʲݵĻȻɷվʾ¿¶ûܹϵó
ܹǸǮ޳ֻϸϸ۲컭֮˵ص㣬жͷе̣ͷǣӻ񿴣ӦǸӣľͿˣеָҲá
Ƕߣ
Ҷĸ޳˸߶ȣ޳˿ԱԼߣԼһߣͨԼһҡ
СӦܴù
ʲôУҶ±Ƶؿ
ûʲô߰ɣȥĵط䡣
Ҷ֪Լʲôģ޳˹ȥžҪ뿪
ûͼֽʾ
޳ʲô
ѰʾżҵС־ʮ꣬糿ҳߣṩЧϢߣ˴ߣʮ
ҶʾϵϢ
޳һ±¨ļԭ˵С־
ʾһΧԹ۵˾Ϳʼ۷׷ףȶȾǸͨ
żǴֱʰʮͨˡ
㣡ϾСżֲʲôСС˵ּҲͦǮģСﶪҲҪԹˡ
ɲǣͨǲǣ˻ǿԵġɵϸǺˡ
˵
޳ҲˣѶȣΣգҪãܴżҵĹϵԺҪʲô˼˵һ仰͸ˣ׬Ⱑ
תͷҶҲ棬޳ɵ٩ҲżС
Ҳ⻨ʱȥңȼţ˵˹ʺˣײءŵвҪĵ
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Ҳǡ
۷׷ףżҲƽ
̫̫λ϶űлĶɽһٴߴ١
ɽͷˣʾѾ˳ȥŵһССĻǼǹ¿ʹˣ˵СŵģǱ˰ߵģŴķΧڣٴҲܵ˵²ǣ


35 
־Ƥò׸ԼҳµļڣѧᳵӴżңúһ
ż¶Ҳû˴Զ˴£˸͸ʵûضˣˣž˾˾£ž˾˽Ĺ¡
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˷һͷдԣܹǾͼӴ׵ģС
ɽڲԱ˵¾ʵʵ˵ʵࡣ
־һǿ֮ľֹסˡ
СرЩˣҲرϲĹ£ԼһҲЩʿһ˼䲻ƽ¡
ޣйܵϣ֪֮ʿӢ¼Ǵûˡ
ûܹܵס޳ˣ϶ˡ
־˾˽Ĺʱ򣬵СԴһΣһţž˾˱ɩҪģڶһûټȫûҳ֮жż
־ûȥ壬Ҳûʲô£ȫƾһʱ嶯ץ˸··ͳ
Сһðֽۣ»ģӵȺ֮ҲһƳڲͬԡ
־ûãͱЩµС춢ˡ
ЩСƽ¿ĴεŮӾ͵ЦһСӣҪǿСϵĶ취ƹƲ˾
־ôҲû뵽Լץס·һˣȺԱ֮һ¶ͽȦס
СӣѽּˡС·ߵϣŸ֪ﳶĲݣس־Ц
־û룬ֻɺϣͦĵسСкɣҲȥ𣿡
ǵÿСֵˣСֵҪϵ·ѣҲǲ˳·
־ٴҲԼʶ⣬λʲô˼
Ҳûʲô˵ҪҪҴ·أ͸·ѣҪǲأͽ·ƣ࣬͡ôְɣ
С־ϵĻȻֵ֪Ǯǿ϶˾Ͷˡ
Сһ˳ûǮ
·ٵˣ־Լ䣬ӵתʼ취ܡ
Ǯֲв׸˼Ǯ
Сȴûᣬʲôû־תӣ֪Էܣǰץס־ļ
Сӣʶ㣬ҪҲ࣬ǮͷߣҪȻҾͰǸɾˣ͹ƨɻȥɣţϸƤģָӦҲҪ·ϱϼѡ
Сµش־ˡ
Ҳ־Ȥɺ֮£Ǯʱô˵ֵļʸһЩûʲô£ֲʲô̬
־Сץס˼£ҲûСǯƣСô˵һƤ񣬶ĵùǺƫƫСû취ֻȡǮ
͵Ʋ˰ɣ־ﰲοԼ
ǮںɰС־ǮĻᣬְֱѺɰ˹
Сźɰ⼫ˣ־ļ򣺡Ŷ¶أ͵ûɣȥ˵סûУ
־ű۵ļ򣬹ԹԵͷסˣұ֤˵Ź֣
־Ǯôôʱ߾˾ˣ֣
Сطſ־ϵ֣˵ߺɰﳤȥ
˿ûע⵽ּ˫ǵ۾
־죬ֱϵļƤ񣬼ӿŲߡ
ĳ룬Сָ·ûָǰв·ڡ
־һʱ׼һ㽫һȥɴ·
޳Ҷ˿ͷƵڻؼҵ·ϣʱʱϼ䣬ѵС
ţԼԼ˺ߺ
޳ҶĶһۣҶԼŲ·ߵӲݴȥ
һƬ׻ٽ˷ġϤĺ޳ܿ췴Ӧֹס˽Ųװûһһ߳ҶҡͷˣʲôûС
·ҲֻԼһ·һɧ
ҶȻɻ󣬵Ҳ֪޳ӦбĿûʡ
û¾߰ɣͺˡ
С˳ԼΪþˣû뵽˿ûϸˣݡ
ǳûոյֵӣû߼ͱһõˣʶǸʾϵͨڣԷϿģΣôڰ˸ɾ·ϡ
·ģĺ˼˿ˣ˾ţ֮òŲ·ߣ˲ݴ˸ʵ
һƤⱻĥۣǲҶˡأ˱ȵĻᣬģ


36 
һ磬޳ľճСϪϴ¡
ԶԶ´һЦ
ʲôôˣֳ޳ֹš
λϺá
޳λá
峤ŲŲӣ޳ȥ
޳¶ӣʲôϲˣϴôˣ
㣬˵ˣǴ˸ˣҲ֪զ¶ǹ·ߣҪǴ˸ϼ죬͵˯·߲ݹˡãһ첻¶
峤һڣֱҡͷ
ɲǣõʱûŮƼҪȻϴϴ۾Ҳ֪˭ɵȱ¶ϣҲ֮ǰ޳ǸˣһԸͣҲˡ
޳ôһ˵·߿Ű׻
ȻûǰǶԵģõʱͿǰ׻һƬûʲôҪððʧʧ˾ˣǸһ˿ҵС죬ʱ춼˵塣
ԭǻʱ죬صҲǵһߵʯͷϣ˵ƨ˺üС
ɲ顣
ã
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˭֪˵ƽ۸˭ˣ˸Ҳǲܡ
峤ں
Ҳԡ
޳ͷûټǵĻ⣬ϴ¹
ϴһŴ޳òվһ̧ͷͼСϪ˼ˣ̫Զ̫塣
ƽͷҲû˭Ǳ߹ѽ˵ɴһ˹ҺӣѲǸɴˡ
޳¶ˡ
־ûôɽһϢһΣò׵˸ɴ壬˴֪Լ߲·ˡ
־ﵽֻǸʮСүߵɴ۵ðﻹ뿪Уɵʱ춼ˣʱҲѽ¾ͼòС
ڴ޳ĴȻʶ־˵޳ģк־Ǵסһȵڶߡ
ʢȴ־ʱ򣬽ʶƽⶬСһԼСܣ޳ĳݣܿͳ˺ѡ
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޳ûôϣϴ괲ͻȥˡ
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Сû˴˵Լֱֱ޳ܡ
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־ﻹôҽأһ޳гԼ֣˵ԼıȵŴ졣
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޳Ӧ֪Լ¶ˣаϧʮûˣܲܿƽѲǡ
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ѽѽϴ˵޳ҪȥǰæǶһˣûǴ塣ⶬҲʾԼ뷨
ⲻûʲôҪæҾͺܿ޳СһԴЦš
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˵꣬Сͨ졣
޳û뵽Լ֮껹С˿׷һʱЦԷǡ
ܸлҵϲҺܸˣأڻС˺»õԺ󳤴˵ðգü˵ģƽͶҲǡ
֪ġСһͬ
޳صͷ
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ҶĺϺһ£޳ݣλø޳ȥ͵ˮ
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һߣͬ˾ʣ־һˣʱ־ŸеЩн


37 ·
޳ҴСˣӻк־ﵽԼǰ
ող˵ţôһнӣ
ҡҾе㼤
־ϵĺ޳ڵʱһθ֡
ðɣѾԹˣȥĸüˡ
ɣѾˣͰϣӦܿİɣôأ
־ﲻ⡣
޳̾˿ԺܣҪȥȺͼ˹ͨãѰ¶ˣеиżٲȥʱǵˡ
־һɩżˣֻͬȻؼȥѾ֪޳סˣԺǣ߿žͺϲһʱƽһ޳棬׼ܼʶܶණ
־ĺɰв־Ļһﳤȥ
ϣڽɰǮ˳幤µĺɰԼ֮ͨǰ־żһ¥£˼ʼ
ʲôϵֻҪõǮͳɡ
Լ֮ͽˣ׬һʲְɡ
ǻ˸ССɰ͵żңһ֮Ҫһǧӵָλãܼ־Ҫǳˣᷢʲôɾ˵ˡ
ż˼ǺɰСתĻʸɰ˵òȷǻڵʱ˲ҳһࡣ
̫̫죬侲ﲻµġǮȱţȣʱ䵽˾ҪǻٰǮ͹ȥ
˵ȥˣȻû˵ȥ˭˵˻ᾡؼңԣȵȵȡ
Ҳȷż˻᲻ĸǮϾ־ҲԼϣżҪʯĳǮԼҲ˼û취ǡ
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һǧǮԶ߸߷ɣȢӣ˭Ҳ֪ĹҪж󣬺αСزصģһǧţͨ˻һӶδػء

־ʵڽ˴ɽ·һɽŵװѪĥۣȽҲòУһ·ϲ˵һҲˡ
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ĥùĲ֮Ŵ۵⣬˫۾ǣȻǶǡ
ԼûʲôֵĶϵģڵĿӦ־ܻڵĿ˭޳ðգһ죬ս־󻤺á
ڿ޳ĶмһЦֻҪСү㡭ʶ㣬͸Ͻ뿪ؼȥ
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ڿ˵ַһͲרҵģٶȿɱɽеҰˣŻڳ鵶ʱ޳ſ϶ڻЩС˿ڡ
ϷŪζʮ㣺λ磬⵶򻹲ѽ
ڽʧͽ겻ѣ޳⻰ֱŭģµĲʧ·Ҳࡣ


38 ߷
޳ôҲû£ӶŲһһذڻڵСϣʱѪע
һҽУеĲֱֱ޳ĺ󱳿ȥ
Сĺ󱳣Զս־ŵֶˡ
޳ôȻҲ㵽˻ڵһŰ׵ץסڵֱۣһŤֱӽڵϣϥǶŻڵĺ
û޳ץøˣϵ಻˵Լֱ۵ָֻǶƤһ۵ġ
ˣҲˣĳ룬޳ֿʼë
ֵܣⲻа졢ҲҲû·ǺһͨҸոտǼƣһΪأҲ˰
ĸ˱˵ԼУǸԼŮˣ
໽Уſң
޳ҪЦˣҺһԲаҷſͷſֵ֪Ǯʮأ˵⹻ü갡
˵겻ܻô֣־ﵽǰ
·ˣȰ˫š
־ۿ޳ƷòУ޳˵ʲôʲô˿ԭͰ޳˵İˡ
ʣµ˫֣Ϊһֱ޳ûģһֱӰѻڵֱѾˡ
־￴Żϵİ߰Ѫڱж˸첲ĲҽУ˶ӡ
ң
˭޳㣬̫ˣ
˫ű˫ʹϵ˿ۣķˣſڵϺ
̫ôء
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СȣٿֱϵĵˣЩһĻѪ޳оļˡ
һ£͵֮ǰ˾С
ʮأô˵õֲǣ

ϰţһ޳š
˫֮Ҳ˩סźͽ֮ľ·ĲӻСһЩĵɽ·ϣʱʱ޳ߴ߿㣬޹һ
ں޵ҧгݡۺˮ
ӳ޳֮ǰûô
һƨɵֱľһ¡
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ڽҧ´ֹԼ޳Ҳ̫ˣ
ȻҲܶˡ
־Ŵ·С֦޳Ǿǣ޳Щߵ̫ˣ̫˱ˣ
־߷߲ƽ
ոڰӻѳӣûʲôؼЩ滹иС챻ĺɰΪƵССĶƤּպĴ
СȴӻѳˣڳԺأ
־òУеС֦žһ³˻ڵƨϣҵС򣡳㣡
޳˵ˣƨϵۣ⻹񣬲´ˣ飡
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Ƥˡ
·ʱ·ȷʵûˣҲû˸֤
ԽĶ㲻
ƨɣ
ġ޳뵽СϪİԣ֤
ˣʱӯʲôţ
æתͷ־˵ģܱܲٴˣ
־Щźǲܴ
һ·öİ
ڻӵ޳ȥĳ־Ӳ°̧ø߸ߵģôո㲻ţҪ޳˵ãľ͸ˡҳķϣٳһ£ٶˣ
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޳Ц־֣ŻڣȷʵҪʴȡ
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뵽޳ʳ˿ڡ
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־ŭء
ۣ۸ֵżȥˣž˾ü˰ɡ
ûеС֦˻û磬ûֱлɽ֮þûص


39 Ľ
޳־קŻһм˵Χۡ
ղмգϻĶ򼯵ԭס޳˶Ϲʾˣһóе̸ʣοһ֡
һʱںͷȺַǷһ·޳һߵȥ
żרŴ־Ϣ־һ֣żǱҲϢһҲá
ڶˣڽЩС޳־͸ŷƷȥ¼
һ޳־ħƣƨڱסˣ
ѺСòУΪɷײأû뵽Ů˺ͺץ˾Ϳ޳ˣ
޳־һڳ͵õżҵעĿ
̫̫ǰץס־֣û¾ͺãû¾ͺãҵĺĸˡ
ĸԲҿǲܣ´βˡ־ﰲ̫̫ζ޳㣬ңץסɷڣҪúøлС
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޳Ҳ΢΢һ񣺡ϷԹˣҪǾңҲ£;ҲǷ֮¡ң˳˹˵Ǹ޳лǡ
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żҲǴ˼ңլӣ޳һžƲˡ
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־ıɩҲǸи־еʳﻹûȥСֿʼȰȰȣҭţֻô¸߰ݽ
Щ˵Ȱʳȥҭô죿
־侲һ˶ڱЦѵúСֹһ䣺޳ô
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޳ŴСɽ·ϣ־ոҪһȴɩŵźС飬̲סЦ
СӾлϻϵʱһۺֲۣˡ֪˵ʲôá
޳
Ҷ޳֮£޳ҲרŰ·ı̬˵ĵòС
ÿϼ룬̲ס̧ͷԺſڿһۡ
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ҲпôʯͷӣҲȳԶŵ˻
Ҷĵڵʱʱ磬»û
ֻĴк
ҶĲɵŻż̧ͷ·ڵķڴ˹
ò˸ˣûҶĸˣԷȺæ޶

Сһܵߣס˫ȣҲ߳ӵԴȻӹɷĶ˵ֵ˿գСŵͷţһȵشС·ؼȥˡ
ҶĽؿǵӰʧС·ͷû˼ʰöһһصȴ޳


40 
޳ԶͿ£Ҳû룬Ѱ˼ϸýҶʲô˳ԡ
żҵһ٣Щʳζ޳̲סһ¿ˮɶʱҶҲǮôһͺˡ
Ҷĺò׵ˣϽӭȥӹ޳еĶôô٣·Ϸʲô𣿡
ô֪ˣ
Ϣô
ĳˣûôҶĸæ´޳
޳Цû£˵˵ô֪ˣڵˡ
˵ˣ˻һר·ˣֻôе㵣ģ͹ˡ
û£ǻڣ·ˣ־֣ȻǾͰץˣ·Ͼ۸ÿɲңһӣʲôûСʱ᰸ˣͽ͸͹ˡ
޳Ե˵һ¹̣⣺żҹȥԷûܾԵˣŵ㿴Щż˸ģҪš
޳еƷ
ҶŷֿǴС޳һ㲻Щֻż˸ģôôࣿ
Ǿ˵Ҫɣ˵Ҫ˾żңżұż˵Ҿż˲Ÿôɡ
޳̫ߵķףֻðԼĲ˵
޳Ҷһ˵һߡ
ڵһ˼ңһ̫̫ͿҶڴڵˣһؼҵӰ̲סԼͷֹͷ㿴ӣҪ޳ǸŮޣԶԶŻСڡ
ͷ˳ӵĿ⿴ȥǣͦ񡣡

޳Ҷ߲Щ꣬˶ɵˣҲ̫Щ
ﶼżַŵ޳ϵģ޳ؼǵÿһһλ͵ġ
̫̫һӣУָڵƹ֮ϸͨ֬󣬴ʣɼƷ
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űɩһӣʽӱ£Ȳ̫̫ɽĹأ޳Ҷ˵ѾǶصˡ
־ҲҲǿ壬֣ǻ޳СϿı޶£;Զ
ЩЩСĲϡʳ޳ҶƽĿǰ޷Ӵĸߵ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ҷϸӣֿ壬ѵøֳһãȻ
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ŰɣҪõȡ
Ǳ˵һ⣬Ҳתͷ͸ȥЩƽҲòϣǵúúòš
ʮӣ޳øҶġ
ҶĿĺɰֹ˵Щʲô֮ǰһ
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СӲغãҶıű˯ȥԺ֮Ȼһͷ
Ůҷ쾭壬˭Ҳû涨һҪǸѽ

ҶĿĵڴ·ϣȻ߾ӿˣȺҶıȺײվȣ֮ʻæקסһ˵䡣
קסİ˫ֽҶķ
Ҷվ֮æλİӵǸǸֽŵл
İһЦӣˣұ㲻쾭𣿡
Ҷŵõɴۣʲôӣҿûףٺ˵˵
İֻЦţؿû˵
Ҷľ˲תߡ
˭֪һתŷߵȺ֪ʱѾɢȥֻһվ︧еĺ컨ЦеؿҶģǿһ
֣
ҶĺͿˣֲѾ
ֲҶķӦǰһ컨ݸҶģҶĵͷĲķ𣿴˿ɾҲˡվһзࡣ
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ȥİӣҪİӽһ£һתͷֲ֪ʲôʱİӵѾ޳ġ
ˣ޳ǸӣЦĲҪ𣿡

ҶֱӸˡ
ⶼʲô߰Σ
ʲôʲô࣬Ǻ
Ҷķ߷ߣ˱Ӻ˯⡣
ˣһˣķô޳أ


41 
ǱθӰ쵽ˣҶһ϶еججġ
ۿŴҪôķϵ޳ɨأҶĴ޳죬תһעĳѿڶͶ޳һ䣺
޳
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컹ǱҪ˰ɣ
޳һ£̲סЦǣ˻Ǻ˭ˣˡ
ûУ
ҶӲػһ䣬ûȥ޳ı飬һϵ侲
޳ȴûŹɨǽһţҶԱߣģǼĺʲô˵ոյе˭ѰѹأȽε˿ɲܼޡ
Ҷľǰ˷˼ˣûͷæŴߡ
κ޳ûŹһֱԱ߶߶߶˭ѽϾͽġöѽ
ҶĻǲ
޳Ķ⣬ò˵Ǽôã˳ˮ飬ּܳң壬ԸҲãҿ˶ϲ˼Ҳˡ
ҿ˶ϲ
Ҷĵա䡱һȫˣ˵ϲ
ҶĸоԼҪһ̵ð̣޳Աߣ̧ͷͻᱻ޳̧ͷĻ־Լ񴭲ˡ
һ˼оԽԽȡ
˵
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޳ɨؾͳȥˡ
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޳ӣԼģ˵ԼǷ²񵶣˸Ĳݵ£ʼ˼
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޳Լ󲻳
Ҫ˵ʲôһ޳ʶˣǰЩһ飬ʣµֻҶһˡ

޳ķݺ̾˿СӦûôෳհɡ
̾ʲôأʲô벻ͨˡ
һͷϴ޳̧ȥС濡
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ȷʵþòС߹޳ţǱ߿㷢˺þãôˣ
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ϲᡭԴס
޳סˣԭϲ


42 ϲ
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С˵۰ԼĸȸԾ˲١
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С̺ĸŮӶ԰ɣ
޳ȵò֪˵ʲôãС濵С̺ĺѣѾͳĸŮҲһ
֮ǰ˵һЩ˼ҵĻ£ЩʲôģоϸˣΪͬԲء
ѽǸɺˣǰ汧һСԾûû
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а˵⹫ŵʱСˣ˺þãҵ˵⹫ǿС̺ĸһûܹίһ㱧Ӻ󣬲ŸС̺ɫĸǱҲ֣ղǮȢޣĸ˭Ҳܲס
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ո˵˭ѽ
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޳ŶҪЦˣժϵˣʱȥһƷ
ǲԬݴ
֪ѽС濳ԾⲻϸոշϢô


43 
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Сʱ򣬴иСﳣ겻ţѵһ͸͸û뵽ԬһʱûϳкʱЩͱԬǺˡ
ԬСһͨҪǿС±ϣƻС飬ŵò˹ȥÿ˸Ĵ񣬲ŵ
ԬӲ˲ͷݴͼӴ׽һ˵⼸һϼƣҪСǵͿʼ˼С
ʱǸСܲסõﲻڼҾϵԾﲻôģǰ˼ңûСȥˡ
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һ˿ﲻ˵лˣͿʼתأԸ˵
ÿɣôк฾ʲôģԿɲʹ鸽ӡ
СǶŮʻͣЩкԣԾͷСſǻǻԵϷСܻòٻһ˲͵͵ˡ
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޳С濵ѣԴĶġ
С˵һû죬ͽһЩ߰СϢ
͵ʱɽĲ࣬ҶĲˡ׬ĲǮ˵˺޼ޣֻҪǸеľܺͶԷɶɶġ
Լʮǰ¸һЩ飬ֻǱ޳ײһѧˣڴ˵˵ģȻЩЩ฾к塣
˶֪Ǽ˵ĵУͷֲ׵ϢҲֻǼܴȥûв뵽м
Ժ󣬹޳Ѷѡ
˹˵ЩʱҶΪе֮һҲˣֱ
û£Ҳ֪һҥͷ޳˶ġ
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Ǿǰң̲ҪһʣǮͨ˼Ҿò
ҪߵĻðҹ͵͵ߣҪȻ˿˭ϵ·ϻᷢʲô˶ģɱԽ
Ҫô찡Щ̫ˣ
ҶĻŵڷ
޳ߺĴҶĺۿһӣЩۣ˲ȥҶĿϲˣæǰ§ο
ûµģӰбΪѾҥ̰ˣȥǣҪǲվ壬Ǿȥ
еͨ𣿡
ҶĿ޳Щ
˵ֻĿǰǻû׶˵ԶǴӱĴ崫ģֱ֤ҥóȻ˵˼ֱ˵֪û˵Ҳ˼û취ʹԲã֤Ҳվסš
뵽޳еͷ󣬱Ĵ϶֤ˣҥܴ˵ҥεģ˼һ˵ԼҲҥ
϶ģЩӻ⼸˵Ҵ壬Ϊ˱סδŮñΪǴŮǲõģҲ֤ġ
⡭
Ҷĺò׻ȥһȫӿ˳ֻֽűӵƽץס޳󱳵·ֹԼˤ
޳о˫۽˽ЩҶ̫ţҶĵļ򣬰ɡ
İɣ϶ֻܽҪЩʱ䣬ʱҪǳţͰŴغã˴峤ŵùٿţʲôҪܣֻûúñԼ
ΪʲôҪȥ
ҶĲ⣬ʲôΣ


44 ɧ
޳С˵С¸Ҷ˵һ飬ҶֱӽԭأЩôô񶾣ѵʱ·ɫɫˣûôء
޳˵ֽ꣬Լļƻ˵˳ҲڼңҪȥ֤ݣܵģŻšʱҰ̺С׽ӹ㣬¡
ǺðɣȥĻҲҪԼҲ˵Щкɺ£µʱ˶࣬ҪǴ򲻹ܡ
ҶĲǲˣҥһҪģԼﲻæ͵úúϡ
ԽԽãҪȻķΧˣЩΣҲûá
ɫ磬ûʲô޳֪ҥԴôˣȳȥ̽̽
һȥɣĲ̽ʲô֤ݣҲû֤ͿԷˣҴ峤ʡ
峤ڴԵ죬ЩСϢҲ˸߰˰ˣ뵽ʮǰ£˿վͺԼͨô峤и׼ͷո˵꣬Ժ⴫
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֪˭֤ûг֮ǰͻֱӸ˶Ȱ֤ˣû˵
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Ǵ峤Ĵӣǵʱɱɷ򣬶Ǵ﹫ϵˣ峤ƼҲ
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кҸطˣ޳еǲ֣ԥҪҪء
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45 Ļ
޳ǵĻ۶ҪˣĸϣԸǳʱ򱻵̥˰ɣ
תͷ˿ܺãƣ߲ǺǸܺʡɻ
޳һЦˡ
λ˵ǣ޳أȷʵе㡭ѽ˵ڣλ粻翿Щ޳ϸϸ˵ҪһһŶ
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ǽ׳ʵЩУСȺһЩмһţʹӣˣҿȥ㿴ô
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ǽһоӶˣôĸŮ˼òУлôԼ˵һʱҲû룬˳޳Ļµͷ
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ǽеͷǰһС޳Լ˫֣Ϊ޳ҪӵԼţ޳Ҳˣ紫԰㿴˾Ͱȥ
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ܿҶ޳æǰţ̺СҲҶ
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̾һ޳Ĵָæ޳ţſ£ŰԺŹϡ
޳̣ǣ
̻ӻ֣¿ɲƼˡ
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겻˼ؿ̣û뵽ƽͰ̾Ȼ
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޳ϸϸ˼һ̵ĿԣȷʵǳС
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ΪЩҪԴȣ껹ʰо֣ʼ
ĴծһľЩƤﶼˣզǼﶼûˣ
ڴϲͷشĻ˾Ϳţ߶߶ˣһĳ߶߶㻹ʲôô
ﲻ⣬òϵ˵ֻñ졣
ŵʱ򣬺ݺݵ˵һۡ
ﻹ޳һ£û˼ȥкҲûһֱߡ
ݺһڣûۼСǣ


46 
ŻˣյС飬̲סһѱһߣ޳־;ƨʹ
֮ǰڴ峤ǰĲ·ڵ£ƨɺ֮úð޳һɵڶ쿴ǻѪ˷֮ʲô˼ˡ
һ˵ҰŮˣǲǲ
Ȼ޳ֲܿ޳ǽиˣǲ̫ŵģ˷ӶûڣǽӦòڡ
Ƕ߶µӣֿЦЩΣˣ϶㿴ˣɱҪεģˣ㻹⣿
桢𣿡
ģڴ
һ񺮡
ģ·ǹȥû׼ǸǶء
קſ޻ĵоͳţ˲ڼԷ˿̲ס֣һľ֪ܣ
޳ڴתһȦûУΪ˻ȥˣû뵽·ҵʱ򣬿Ӱģ٣ɲҪҵ
޳Ҳż뿴ǲһģ˹ĵʲôȥ
˾صˡС䡣
ʲôûеĽ䣬һģɣʲôûУʲôɱڣ˰ɡ
ȴô룺ϡ϶ǻʬˣһۼûˣҡǱˣٴ˻˵ұٰء
п޿ġ
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ҶĿűŵˣЩɣ𣬻᲻᲻̫ã
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ԺоԼе䣬ؿڴеȣߵӲͣ˽УеķѣҲòУ붯һֶã˻λεġ
ͷԵſֻۣؿڴһë޵Դ˵ĺֱֱؿڣеתͷٿ˶û·Űӱһ𣬻ϡ
ô£룬Ǳ޳ˣͷֱˣƫͻţ޿κΡ
˫ҪԾȣû뵽˵еȣеëһȡ


47 ۾
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ڶǹŰɣӶûУ
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ûбס죬ί磬磬ܱܲ𶯣ҡҺ¡ҪϲϲеģϲвУҼҾһҪҪڽӴģܡܸõġ

̣ƽôûôܺ˼룿
ΪԼֵеǵϣֱӲҶطֵܵĲ롣
κΣһֻĺӶһ̣һ飬Ӷһ¡
вŵ̧ͷûסˡ
ɾˣԲδˣ

ĲҶˣģ
Ծһ޽չ֮󣬵пˣؿڳ˯ȥȴ˴
ɫԽԽ¶ҲԽԽ࣬¶Ƥһ⣬Ӷҧĺ͹İ
˯˱ӶһԺиоʹʶŻⱻӶҧ⡣
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ӵһɣСˡһҵϣˡ
СԼˣòУſھҪлȴһϡ
ԭӣǸõҲ֪λúĺ£ɲܹ⡣ϽģȥǼԣһľ֪£
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ڳı˿˿ڣ˲ҲӣҲô뵽
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ӱ֣뵽ᱻѵһ٣ˣ˵һǧ˰٣ϸոţͳСȥйߡ
Ҫ޶˰ôһѵ
һϻˣ±ŵ˼ǺޣϽԼˣ⺢ӣô˵䶼еġ
ʪţļϣʹţɢմһͷһɢȳζСѬθһڣҪιȥп࣬пڲԡ
ҶĿһЦòУ̳Ȼ֮ϲ
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𣿡ҹҶͬ˵Щ֮ǰåоҹģ˷ȴһٵȥ
ҶĵͷüЦġ
ҲˣԶԶ޳Ⱥ֮йŴЦӣٿϵܲɷֵıΧ۵ˣ˶޳Ȼǣһ̫ˣ
СкѧѧŸոնţСкСɰСʯ棬ӵ˺ߺʹ
ǻˣһˣ̫֣ìܡ
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ССܲˣ޳һ䣬æ˳Ǵ˵ģǼҸ˵ˡ
ҲĥûƢС˵ˣԼٽƱҲûãЩ£Ҳ֪Ǹ̹ףǣҲ˵Ҳ֪ġ
һͲס˽ⲻǡ
Ǵĸ壿˭ô֪ҺҶĵϢģ޳ʣ治ʶ


48 
ǴһԬСӣԬϻȥ˵ģȻڴ˵֪ġ
СһأѼ˵Ĺϵ۸޳
ĹĲ˳ʺʲô˵
Ǿǣȱǣ޳ĶõСҶ벻ˣôҥˡ
۷׷ףԬ˵Ϊֱҡͷ
ԬȺƲ͵͵ߣֲ´סˣԬѽ⴫ʲôϢô˵Ҳø˵ײǡ˵ҲҴǸһϵһ˵
Ԭ¿һۣСŭŵûⶼڲЩкжѲҪ֪ҪȻôðҥ˵Щ
Ԭϣ㴫ϢԼ˵˵ԺǸɾҳԷˣԬ£ţζʵ̲סˣ˵ѡ
ԬﱻĻŵˣԱߵһסǰƣֱƵԱ߲ŷ֣С顣
˵£׿ɾͿˡ
޳ؿû뵽£ǻ¡
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ΪкһȺһԱֻ꣬бķݣʲôʱ˵ĵл˲Ǻһִٵֱͷſڣ
޳лԬԬ˵˵¡ΪʲôҥҺģƽﶼûɣ㣬ǵǸС
֮ô޳û˵ֻЦЦı飬޶˾ú󱳷
ҡҡԬʮǰ˹֮󣬴ûôΧ۹ƽʱűҲǸݴ˵⧲ƳʣһȫˣİͰû˵һ
Ȼϵԭ֮⣬еС˼Ǿʱ䣬
ҶΪ֮ܺһԬӣߵԬҪǲ˵峤ٸҥ̰£֤ڣҥҲȥˣʱ㵽úôҲС
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˵ʲôû˵ǾСǣǮɲģ
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޳ûҶȷҶİȫ֮󣬶Ԭǧһơ
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޳ؿһԬǧߵҶǣ֣ţԬǧ˵ǸԬ£Ҫ۱ǣǶֲС
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ԬԼ˸Ķӱ˵øƵģɪӱסӲбС˼
֫ͻ峤Ͳòվˣ޳˵öԣ¾ۣǲܶ֡Ԭϣ㣬ͺúýδҿɲʮǰô׷Źˡ
ԬϿ˽Щ۵ĴٿһȦݴҲڣ֪û˻Լˣֻʵʵľ˵˳
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ԭ޳Ҷĵһʱ򣬵һǸ󺺵ģ޳ʢСʱԬƼˡ
ûʲôԬתһȦҪؼҵʱ򿴼޳С̯ǰ˲ˣЩͭǮ޳Ŀڴ¼ʵúۡ
޳ʱãûǰᣬǴѴѵͭǮԽԽᣬûסԼݴ˵л
Ȼɽϱժѵ޳˸ţ޳ǺˣûҿͻҺ˵˵
ҥԾôġ
ԬϾΪۺ޳׬ǮȻҥֱҡͷ
ȥˣ峤׳ԬϺԬǧѺߣ׼ϴ巨κθʧˣҪܵͽ䣬ǹء
޳峤лתŴ񣺡⼸ҲһЩҺĵԣЩĵĳ£ܹһʱ䴦ûغҺлҵκͰллҡ
޳ҶĳǾһ
ӦõģӦõġ
ذڰ֣׷ױʾֻǾ֮ͣ޳ĸйָһ¥ءòȷʵûˡ
Ѿ˱ҲɢȥũˣĻƵء


49 
ߺ¾ֻʣ޳ҶġСˡ
޳û˭ҲҸɰһԿţԶ޶ԡ
ҪҲҶۣûƼոԬǧﰤһôң
ֹֽ㣬ǶˣǱϲôƣǸǸͷŹǰɣţ̫ͷˡ
СѬۿ죬ίͰ͵ˡ
޳ŲæʯͷڶǰҶһ飬Լһ顣
ʲôҥ¶ɣ˵ȥҲȥˣ˵ûȥҲȷʵûȥ޳ƵذСʯӡ
ɣһҥ̰İףڶ˽լ˼壬ǳԲǽ˽ԴǼҡҺҪƽϣǽȥ׸һصģûġԡ
ԡʲôһã
ҪôԬһһȥǳҥԣҪôȥҶһԽ޳Ļ
޳ԣüëЦˡ
ϬѽҪ˵Ļһģһ
壬ȥ壬˵СԼͬѡ񣬳ҲˣˣƤӣ˵һƤֲɵ
̫ˣԽԽߣѪյ˽һ飬һţζⲻסѽ
޳˻ͷǰӽˣпջȥתתҪǻЩ߰ҥԣҲȥ˭˵ģЩк˭£Ƕ㵽ͷϡԣµúúð죬֪ô
޳ҶģڵϵСϵЦݺᣬҲģֻ˫ǵ
Сֻһ۾Ͳٺ޳ӡ
˫۾·ԨԨ˫ҪȥմѪУһ̾ܽʬΣ
С纮ѩ֮²ˣ֪֪ˡ
޳ӣãҶ˵˵ЦЦŻؼȥˣ·ոʲôҲûֻС̱ڵϡ
һ͸ˣ޳ҶԶԼֵܻ̱ڵϣһδӣԣ˵ôȥСϪǶϴϴ
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֪ԼҶĵ֮ȻףҶѾ˵ӣ㲻ĽҶš
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50 δ
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ÿÿ˯֮ǰ޶޳ǽʱǵȻһҪԺ˯ȣҪج
Сһ˫˶ĺȦÿļš
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СµĺȦˣԭŵĲֻһˣΪŵΪԼСţû뵽Ҳ˯ѽ
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Сֻ˵Խ˵ԽߣԼ˰Ѿ
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Ҵ彲꣬иɴ塢塢ǧ塭
ÿĴԬϵ̬ȶһڸɴ壬ݣ֪޳ǱԬҥģЩһֱԬϳĴ޳ûʲôϵҲԬϴоʾӡ
һһ߹ȥʱԬѻڲĺöԭ˱ӡĸоġ
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Сһ壬޳֪ˣʵЩһֱڵСӵж
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51 
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һǿˣ޳ҪҪҪؽؽҪֶֶΣԺΪﻹԺ޳Ϊˡ
޳ĿڣĵСӵǻῴɫ˷ʱ䣬ڰֽȥԼҶȻؼˡ
С߬źɰߣ磬޳˵ȥʣµļӲȥˡ
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ߣʲôСɰǰЦۡ
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Ű
šҶҡͷ޳Ҳܴɣ
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Ҷһ޳ļתƻ⣺֣·
ðɡ޳Ҳû⣬ֻԼ֪һ˿ϲãȵرҶ
ɽ꣬ˣ壬ɲǵ


52 Ұ׶
ڵоܿˣɱˡ١ܵﲢ̡
۸޳Ϣʱ򣬻͵ʮӡ
еĲһӿԣ޳ʼĥЩǮʲôܵиɳչĻƲУҪȻôҶĸõأ
ϢͨĿ޳û뵽Щʲôá
Ҷıű¨ÿ޳ķţ޳ȥҰ׶ȣɹŶ쵱Ҳɡ
ʮ·ݣǼҰ׶ĺüڣˮǱߵɽϾһСƬҰ׶Сȥˣʮ·ݾҪȥٲȥ񣬿ɾûˡ
ˡ
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Ҷϰ޳ӣҲֻܾ޳ϱ¨ʱ¨ѹסͷ
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һĶֻǱȰСһ㣬ҶôĴָסβָһСָͷô󡣡
޳żҳԹͦóԵģҶķ
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á
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ҶעţһЩ׵߾ôˣôˣզզġ


53 Լ
ҲܺȥҽˣҵúСɽԼˣһϡ
޳ȻС濻иԼҪɽš
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Ҷ̧ͷЦſʲôöԲģ

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ɽ֮ǰ޳òȥһԻңСɽˡ
һ޳ÿԻԺš
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ȷĿ꣬Իʹ˳ҰƵˮȥǶҪˮģҰҲϲˮȥˮѰ׼û
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ٴһս
ԻҰͦģð뿪һľ̫ϡ裬ǲ
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ﵽǱ߶ԶЩҰģɱ㿸ûȥ˵ˣʱҰϿ϶˿ڣѪζ˵ޣùӣ˵˶ٴζǲס


54 ȡ
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޳ɣǹ׼Ұ۾Ͳȥ
ҰҲΣգܿЩǹƵǹͷľìӷڴļӳ£͸Ұľ
໣ҰһûŽǹͷγײɵһЩ
޳ϿҰϵصεδðѪκζʱСǱߵļʸҲˣ޷ֻܵȴҰʧѪˡ
ҰײٶԽԽԽԽᣬ̱ڵأû˶
㰲ˡ
С濲֪ʲôʱ˹֦ͱͱҰȷҰѾ֮󣬲Ŷ°ҰϵļʸγɾŻļһߺ޳˵
ոտûΪҪҰһء
޳ֻ󣬲ɵ
ȡΪʲôҪգѽ
ȫԼһҰʱô׷Ұܵġ
Իûڲ鿴ֻҰ
Ұˤȥʱ˵ˣ˽ɶģĲ
ֻټһֻģ˸޷ȫߡ
С濣شҼæ̧ȥԻ֧ʹԼŮ
ȥҺ޳С濲ͬ⡣
ȥӦЩأȥ˿϶ʶҲͰˣ˵϶ûٳɶɶģȻʵɣӦˡ
һıһСʧȥ˸ĸÿ˼СҪ˵һ˭˭Ӧ
ԻҲӣ޳˵ûʲôʵʹϵҲʹ޳ֻԼȥˡ
аɡһȥȥľţѪȲȫ
áǴֻȥ޳С濹ɵͷ
ԻһߣС濾ͱﲻסˣС֮꿪ʼ
޳ôôⳤǹҶβˣ㻹ܰȥ
СҰϵĳǹҪγǹȲ
޳״ǰһѾͰѳǹ˳С濳ݵĿЦʲôҼ磬ҴĶȥ
ǼɭҰǸӴ󣬼ʹǹеҲһֱǴԶļ¶ԱҪָ꣬ϾЩɭַȥﻹǵ˹
޳ΪŮӣٴ󣬵Զǿġ


55 ܵ
ֻҰûԻȥҪ̧ҰȥҰò֮ܶź̧
˴ŹԣʹҰٿһѪޣֻۣģ׬ǡ
ˣһֻҰŮޣǽü
ԻĶǴ˽Ϊ̤ʵĴ̾󣬰ԻָʾҰã˸߲ҵ̧˻ȥ
޳СںߣСȥժ·ߵСڹӣͷ,вЩɻ
ʲôҲܳ𣿡޳ʡ
㲻֪𣿡СҲһ±ƣ޳Ҳǹªŵѽҽѽ̵ĲܳԣɫĿԳԣеɬϵڵĲ𣬿ֱӳԣҲơ
СժһϺɫĸ޳ʾ
ԭҶ˵ҽΪǽɫأ޳а̾ѧС濽Сڹ·ϲ䣬ȻУȷʵͦ
ҼûֶͦóԵģǸеСǸ׶һЩķС²ۡ
ȷʵҪǴ㣬ˬС濴ûҽС޳һ˵ȻҲСЩ
ֻҰĸͷСɽ·ͣǰͷĴߵЩһλͣϢһ£޳С濸ںͷҲżƵġ
ͣ޳·ҡεСڹӣ룬ͳҶĸƵԱʱ֮Сһһժҽ
ܸһժҽԼժ˻ȥҲһģܻһ㡣
С濿Сӣװ߽ʳӣ۾ɴˣ׼Ҳ̫˰ȡ
ϲѽҸһժС²ġ
㲻ϲͦġ
ϲҲԣҽҲȣˡС̾
Իͷɽϻ̫ǵҰޣɽܳԵĶûоСһӣȻԵùġ
̧Ĵ񿴿޳С濵ĶЩź
ҽͦ࣬ϧæĲժһɽԽЩҲҶҰ˲
ϧˣҪժؼңӵø˴졣
޳ժǰģתۼ⿴ϵı飬˼˶ϵٶȼӿһЩ
Ϣˣ·޳ǽųû̸ϣժһЩ
С濼״Ҳ
ԻǶǷĵúܣҲֻǲҪ̫ãŴɽȥˡ
ժôҪ𣿡СΪ޳ֻժ˳ԣ޳ժ˴ӻûͣ˼
ҪһЩһЩҪָ̧ļġ
ΪʲôѽСЩ⣬ʱⲻ
ǼСӣһЩȥ´ǰæǲǸЩ
Сһ룬ҲǣȥȻģǵͶ꣬ӲǣһǸǵĺ׼ģԵ˼ġ
Сˣ̾úܵѹִҶϲ㡣
޳ЦЦʲôҲûٰңѡ
Сֱ˼ֵ֮޳С濷ָһСҽϲòУлġ
С濿غͼλ˵Ҳĵòˣ޳ϲˣˣ
ֻҰСֻæĴʣµľ
ռ٣ҿʼעӪĲ䣬Ϊյ˳ϵ׼ԲʱʣµĴֻҰҲˡ
ǮƽȥΪֻ˺ɱģƽҲ
޳Ҫŵù壬ֻģȥʱƽ֣ҪԼɱ˳ԻԼȥҲУζ㣬ֻߡ
ǮԻ͸޳ʣµֻҰķ⡣
ˣֻôʵԷֹƽ˶гиĹͣ˭ʹһЩǷǮʡ¡
޳ҲᣬѡԻṩĵһ
ȻŵùģԼҲ鷳ңԵô࣬ҶиôֻҵĹͣ
޳Ц˵
Уܽ壬϶ԿԻİ塣
޳ͲһˣֻֻȻ׳ֻĻеѶȡ
ֻҰϿ϶ģȥسսǣӷǵ¥˼ȥ껹ܶ׬һЩ
һദԻ޳⼫ˣ޳ӹ͸ˡ
һŶӣһСȺ壬ÿζ˽ƽǵ㹦ͣԹ߲õġ
С޳ˣܷġ


56 
һֱո֮ǰǸϣ޳춼ɽҰܣȡʷḻɽҰ֮ɼһЩȥжμӹŹԣææµµеҲʵ
ҽǰǰ˼̳ӣż׶һϣƷʺõżһЩ
ʵﹴ־޵ļңֵ̫̫û취ֻܸԼŮŮдţ־һµļڣ޳忪ʼһµġʵ
ʼգ޳ѧҶĵȣ֣ܿϵĶɿ졣
־￴ȤѧŸٶȻһЩôҲѧˡ
־𣬺Ȼо״е̲סȥӣָһſſĶ۲
־˵ʲôѽ
˵һرĵ﹡ϡ
޳Ҷ䲻һ˫˫־־ɥ״һɫС㣬һȡֲֵӡ
ⶫ޳ҲûתͷȥҶģʲô
󨣬ѪģʱȡĻ
־СŰˣⶫôô£
־Լӣ˸˲Ϻ£ææ־ҪӲ
ӲСķŧҶĸϽֹ
СүǲһģֿδرȵϴСҪǳ£޳鷳ɾʹˡ
Ҷߵ־ǰֲ˲ӣûȥ¨
ȡ𣿡־Ͱ͡
ӲҪͷƤͷŧʲôĺ鷳˵˾ӲûûȥȲŧȶõòӣȲˣҪϸҽĴСˡ
⡢ô˵ġ־ˣҾʵɻ⵽Ҫô
޳Ҳû뵽СС󨾹дüͷҲ
ԭָؾȻҲΣա
ҶڷһСƿЦų־߹ȥҲûô£ֻҪӲû£ⶫµľʳΣһԼͳˡ
ҶĶƿ׵ϸξ׼ϡ
ȻҶ˵Ӵʳκ͵ؾ˾ӣʱʹ־ϵ¶һ˿ڣʺѪˮ﹡ϡ
ѽ׵ˮɾ΢˿ܱߣѪͿˡȻͺúϢˣҲһܳʶģøԼȥ
ҶĴݵƿӣµؼȡ
޳Χ̣Ҷ˵һΣղŷҶһصԭλüոҪȻҶˡ
־ﰴҶĵĻԼ˿֮󣬾ûˣˮǣ˭֪ж󨡣
̧ͷͬæµĴ񣬷ּũȫҳһˡˡСС
֮£ƾɵĲñһ˦źˮһ໥ţոװˣżŶԷ֮֩ģĶԷѣĵҲԹȻŸɣɹڵû˿Ըŷյϲá
־еƲۣĳһμҲһʶԭССһףҲ˲ס
磬ҪҪȿˮҪǶ˱¨гԵġ
С߹־к̡
־Ͼӣ岻ø޳Ҷסһ𣬾ס̼ңĺͬ˯һŴһϾͺõøһƵġ
û־عͷػ̺ãô
ΪǺ޳㡢Ľ˵ѽһȣǵĵȸһЩȸǵģ쵽ǼˣٹæС˵ʼɻˡ
ֻˣһЩ̾һЩ
ûϵЦĬС˵Ļ
־￴ǣﲻ֪˼ʲôû˵
ܿС׾͸һƬٶȿòʮĺӣŵȱ£С׵¶˳־ۼ⿴СϵСڵ㣬ɽ
Сף󨡭
С׽ȴˮ˵ôе
С˵ţһߣûߣ漴һҶӣϹ˿ϼ£ŲȽˮɻ
־￴һϵжľսСף˿ڻữŧġ
С׺Цûôأͽˣˡ
С׻䣬ԶȻһڣһ˦һĶţӲ
͸һȸԾ
СһԾۣ̾߰޶ģá
־ڴ󺺺С֮ؿۣĿƯˮϵĹιĵҶӣ˵Щʲô˵ڡ
Ǯʲô͸ʲô벻ʲôͿԲʲôЩ˲ǣЩȿܾһ룬ٿۣ˳ϣǶȥ
һ̣־ȻԼҪѧԶԶֹϵᵽĶЩԼȥȥᣬЩҪԼȥ֪м


57 
־˿ڣѾֹѪˣؼæȻĴ͵ġСģĸæµţûĸһΪһھͺµòҶ
ҧҧ־ùߵ޳ߣ
޳һ£ôˣ
Ϊʾȥˡ
СС󨣬С׶£ҿɲܱС׻
壬޳ҶĵģסҵģȻĸǮæ
аɣһθԼպãԼۻˡ޳˵
ʱ֣һĶˮˡ
ҶĽк޳־Է
־źˮššʪΪڿԻȥϴ裬Ҷ﹡ϵ£ӱ¨﷭һʳ
ҶĽһ鲼ڲݵϣʳĶȡ̡СףȹԶϢһ
ȥ𣿡־ʡ
ȥൢ¶Ϣһ̫ƫһЩܼɻˣȥѽҲԼұ¨ͳʳ
ʳ׷ͰͷƻƶܲƬӦ߲˺һ̲ˣ̲ǴͷԵġ
ũѵаͷͻˣС׿ż򵥵ˣ˫ֱð⣬һͷһּвˣԵýζ־û¿ӣָһͷ
磬԰ɣͷҲæʱУ̲˿ɺóˣҪϲȥҲС
־еͷЩȻǽͷСͷȻֻæʱܳԵ
־ﲻζҧһڣʱһﱳŶСһ
ոѶ̫̫ˡЦеغǴкСҲɵظʺá
ͳԼͣ۾߿һ£̾ģ޳ʳ
ҲУ⼸æǵóԺõźøɻҶЦŻش
ȷʵǰóԺõģҪȻæһȦء
죬һ߽Լҵĳʳǰ
־￴ȥΪ޳׼ķѾܼˣûһ˵ķ˸򵥣ֻͷ׷嵰ˣⶼûС
С޳ߵ㣬ͷȴζģֳԻ߱ʲôȻҽ̺ܲ
һ԰ɡҶİѻƶǻ˼ҵķơ
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ҶĲɷ˵ȡ˱õĿӺ˾һЩøһӡ
˿Լӣԥһ£ǽ˹ȥסظҶĵллл̫ллˡ
־ﲻ֪ҶΪʲôô̺޳ȴ֪ġ
Ҷĸ⻧˼һûôѣûٽӼҶģѵõˣϧ˲ǰ⸾˵ɷ˳󲡣ҵױͿ˻ûκãôȥˣֻ¸˴Ӽӡ
ҶĴ˾٣Ҳǳնˡ
ҶĿ־ڷΪ˲θڣοµķ˾㵣Щ
ûУͦóԵġ־عЩˣԼ
ֻǸоеᡣ
Թ緹Ϣ󣬱Ǵˡ
ȻǽŲʽģ̤һȣȻڴľӵĹ־ͻһѹ˲ŽŽȥһһ潫֦Ҷװ
ʹ˲ʲȻӣֻҶĺ޳־С׸˵ȷŵ̸࣬װ˵ҲĬ
־ѣ޳ûüȣ޳޳㣬ΪʲôҪôŴѽ첻𣿡
޳Ҳֻֻ֪ҪҶ˵ҪĵǵĽ㣬Ҳ֪
־Ľ㣿
Ҷģϸģﻹ¶ˮֱ֮Ƕˮ粻Žɱˮ֣ҹܷѿѿûˡ
ǿһһ㣬˾ͻȥͶˣżѽ
־ķԣ̲סЦˣ⺢ӣ˵ͬһĵȷּɹж鷳˵İɣڲգ첻죬ȸӾɹˣɹɵĹȸӿɲôӲͦʱȫˮˮ׾ͲóˣҪãˣղȥðջȥҲҪҪõģѽ
޳־꣬סա塣
ࡱԲ顣


58 
־ӳһ¼ںܿ͹ȥ̶һ£װۡСӾɹڳһСú򣬲ھҲۿɼı仯
һ֮һ޳ҶľҪ־ͻżҡ
żҵǰһϣС׼ֱҪˣ־ﲻϷ֡
С׸ĸֵܣһ˯һ䣬ÿڴ˯˶ûС
־һ˸죬ųЩûʶд֣չ
磬Ժ󻹻ܱܲѽ
־ҡҡͷҲ֪ܲҵûȥú飬кҪҪȥġ
޳ᵽһȥıһЩ飬ȥΪһЩȡһЩ
ΪСսɳӢ۵ĺǲӦù˼ѵġ
ӵ⳥˵жôأ
־СҲἫˡ
ЩӣᵽײյĲףʹϲ壬ȴҲҪǹøãԼҪǿС
־Сװޣò׽˺˯ˣԼȴȥ˯š
һ磬еĶСע֮£޳塣
Ȼڼ־ндżͿţżҲڴĿл˽־ﶼڸЩʲôǿǰ޳ͻһȦĺú򣬻𾪵òС
ҵС򰥣㡢ôڳСˣ˲١̧̫̫־ͫ׵
־Ц̫̫֣ھͺ£޳˵ʱܰ׻ʲô£УûֻǷ˼⣬㿴
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֮ʣ޳־ͷ뵽Ͼֻ־ң־ﲻһܳԺҲ֪ʱԥһ£ǽõĻ˵˳
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޳˶٣ּҲŵһ˵ʿֻҪƽ£ֻҪȥǣҾ;ԹۣṼҵϲ𣿡
ܣһġ־һᶨ
ǾͺãС򣬺ڡ޳ЦŽг־С
ڣпһǵġ־ﳯ޳ҶĻӻ֣ǲᡣ
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޳һϯ̫̫Ҳ˽ȥж־ʶһ
Ρ֣־;ͷеĲᶼɢ˲١
һ¹ˣΰûϰȥ·ֵʱˣ游͸׷鷿Ľ߿ɲǰźÿġ
۰
̫̫ĿˣСôˣôת۾ͳС
û£鷳ĸæһЩīֽһȥϣҵøһ¹ΣҪȻ游͸׷ǵѵҲɡ
úúãĸͽȥţɲܽСܹꡣ



59 
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޳ֻмѣÿʻԣҪȻܲ˽½¡
ȥЩϺɣҸ켸£ȹ껹䡣Ҷ޳˲ׯ
á
Լٽ꣬Ҷ˿пԷ£ׯΪ˽˲ٵӺ»Ĳƥڻϣ⿴ž˾Ŀ
Ҷһƥɫӡϣ˳ָе᲻֣޳ѿ϶ÿ
޳ע⵽ĶΪϲǿڵϲĻɡ
ϲɫ𣿡Ҷ
ɣࡣ
Ҷģ
괩ŴŵҪ࣡
²۹²ۣҶĻǽ˻ƲòȥһЩʽӡ
޳ӦҶĵĻĿһתһƥźɫĿ⣬Ҷûֽһơ
ӣг£
ееģ棬͹Сڵк޳
СϣͨմԼ£˼أԼֻ˻Ṻ¡
ÿɽһʣɱͷһƥӵɻߣƿɲ͵úźš
޳䣬ߵһһǰ͹뿴ЩøոеƥӵͬһģϲʲôʽģҪʲôߴģСĸȡ
޳̫·ĿʽЩò⣬ʣոոҽǸŮǵ𣿡
ǵõģ͹Ҫô
ΪƣǿļǱرģĸ˽˵꣬ʲôʲô·žζƼҪݣܲǵء
޳ͷҾɫʺҲ̫ĸʽһЩ
СϸЩӦС룬ʽǹʲôģѡһףׯ󷽣ӸһЩڶޣһЩаֻҪ̫ĶɷţһʱЩǹ·ǳԵСͲõŶˣҳߣ㣬סѩ
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60 
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62 ׼
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续޳³ӾˣڽõղţһֱΪ޳ǸĴء
С㱻ͨ죬Ծ˵˦ˡ


64 ů
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65 
ϣ޳־ţѾʶ֣ҪҶİæˡ
Ҳ֪СжٻҪ˵һֽдġ
޳ŴͷβЦãСĺ޲Լһͳʲôһдˡ
ȫҲһαȽҪˣŽѧϰھٸдš
ѧϰѽ޳ֽǺ¡
޳ţֽ÷봲ͷĺУʼ˼׬Ǯ¡
СϵĻҲЩ޳˺üң޹
ϻ޳òصȥһЩõϵĶ˹
ɲʲôģҲӦһӲǡ
޳ûո죬񺬺Ӧȥ֮һ⣬û̫⣬Ժһһ¨Ķȥˡ
޳ҵûеĻҶǱиƣǮͦߣǲ֪ܸܲɡ
¹ж޳ڼңԺǽ޳˵ԼոյõϢ
һ˼Ժ൹ˡ
ûأʲôĻƣ
øԺǽͦͦˣҲΣգȿǿǣĺ续ٹȥϸ˵
ҲС
޳֣һס
ܿҶĺ续Сߴߴ˵Ÿոռʶ
Ҳˡ
Դůգ֪޳óԣʱʱ͹䷹
ȻⷹҲײ䣬ֵװ࣬Լ˷ݵʳĹֵҹ࣬ҲǮ޳Լһݡ
ҶĶԴ˲飬Ϊůڶ죬ҳһķ
Ҷıʾζǽһسֱ꣬
续ܻô󣬵ÿ첻ա
ʲôĻƣ޳ʡ
ŮĻƣֻСССİȫĸ˾Уһ˴Ҫʮңʮӡ
ʮ죿öԶѽ㶫ҲȱǮӦûᰲİɣҶɻ
ǿ϶ǻģҲԶԼȥҲ·̣ҪСո꣬Ӳų£ܲ˵ҪǱ߲£Ҳôż˴
ҡͷСǰҰɣ֪ô˵ˡ
СǰҶӣͨ˼ңǵүѱˡ
ү֮Ǯң߾Ľ̵
ѧʲô죬ܿԼĲҵڶүǰҲֵúϽӣүǰ;㽫ԼĹŮ˹ȥ˭롭һԼŮˡ
СڹУºͺ͵ģ¡
ɼ޽֮ЩǸøƷȴ㡣
Ի󣬾СܲˣƮˣԼĵλҵ׾͸ӵұǿʼ¥
ҲͰˣӣͿʼұ
СߵӿС裬͵͵ŻȥϧҺҲŸ㰲ŸӸˡ
֮󶫼СߵҲĸԸָɻؼҵŶðдģСԴˮȣɵò
ҪǶү·͵͵ȥһۣСӶס
˭뵽˺ĵŹеӵأ
ƫƫǸӵˡ
ٶҵʱˣһ٣Լý˳̥
ϧ̥ҲòģǸ첻ߣſáŵСαСºӣٶҿɲǸϽ˴ˣֻǱߣΧ֮ڣˣֻôӱ˹ȥӦ
ڳŮ꣬ˡ
ӱ¿˰ɣñϣǵôͷ续߷ߵػȭͷڸǰͳչȥˡ
֮ͽҲûǶ𱨳ӣҲټ޳αһҹȥԿܲƸϡ
УһǾ͹ȥϹͳˡ
ãлƸϣһٴ͡
ƸϾͲ𣿡续޳ֱۣͰ͡
ܽΣҸҶЦ续ͷŮӣ续ô㽿οɰء
꣬þͻȥˣ޳ҶİԺ
޳Ҷһģʵôˣ
ͦܵģôҪС˸Ů¶ءҶسϻĲҶ
кŮʲôϵ
ȻйϵС޹ȥ꣬һ̥Ҳ˵һûϵģźɷ϶ΪŸô˼ѽŮӵġǰһӤã̫ˣĴŮӣкֻȱβòŻᱻ
˼룬ı䣬š޳̾
ѽ㣬Ǹĸʲôܲ˼ҼȥǶ˸øɵ£ģҲֻܶչЩĺˡ
޳һҲǣ˼ֶȷʵԸı䣬ǵöС


66 
ɫһţ޳ŵظųȥˡ
֪绹ӦƸ٣յԺֻ޳ˡ
үƣŮΪģ˵ҪӦƸ˲ϳ緹ʹҴԺ
ĸ䣬кδ𣬺οŮҸŮ̫ˣٳвˣүҲż
ˣ·Ͽδ̫ƽȷȥһ˶ʮʮͷϾͽ˹дһ£ʮˣһ֮ҪӮͬʱҪ֦١үź룬޳˵ſ˹
ˣү˹ǡ޳үг
á
ү͵ؿʾѾȥˡ
ʱСѾ߾ʹһȺӽԺӣ޳ǰһſ
СѾߵ㣬Ծʽʼˡ
һԣĵؿ޳ɱӦƸԺϸˡ
ʼһ䣬ʮӾΧһȦ뽫޳档
޳Ŵһڻ̽ʻһֽʻڸǰãһǰֱӽһ˷ŵͻ˰ΧȦ
ʣµľŸһ㶣֪Լˣæжǳ޳ŵʻȥ
޳һۼԼ־Ҫˣǰһ޳ֲˡ
޳𴽽ЦǰԼҲûɱ˶ᱦ£Ȩϲ޵ĵ̣Խ͵Ұ޵ĵ̶˵Խҫʱ
ԶûٽĵӣĶ޳˵ҳ㷹ѣûٶϣЩսʧȥ̵ĸ޵ǧ֮һ
ʽûٳû˼Ҳ˵Լ˲ƿ
ۼֵһ£ʣµļеˣΧ޳תȦű޳ʹǲҳ֡
Ůôô
˽ŲүӵüͷԽԽ
ȣ
üӣһŮӣȻ˳
үӵʾֻӲͷƤȥ
ˣ֮ٳûһʣµļҲȫˣڵϡϰϡ
ҲŮ̫ڣ
ʤѼ޳ڸǰʻ
үصͷˡˣǰʲôģ
үֽ꣬һ䣺ﲻҪ֣¹ϷŮʵڲòϸһЩ
⣬СŮ޳ƼһԺģǰϣȥ壬ǰðϣﾡͷҵĸڡǰǸԻҪҰ̣˷Ųܻʻ𺦡
޳ػشţ˳壬ˢ졣
Ȼүע⵽վһ壬ϵóϹܼҳᵽĻԺˣ°òúøɣƼҲǵġ
循ϲǰ֮ͣϲѽԭֻ޳ѡۿϹʱҪˣү˵һ뿪
˾ˣճʱһɳ
á֪·ǷҪǣǶұŻǣ޳ʡ
Էһ˵
ȻƼұţˣʱƼһӶӳţֻ辡ϵĿĵأƽС㻤͹ɡˣɻ
үӺȻ⣬ȻԻǻģǣһأ
ᣬүӷĵĻ޳һƥ޳ϼʱӦѧġ
үӣ
Ȼ治ˣʱȣҲֻˡ
УƼҲȱƥܼңֹȥúý̽ؽ̺ˡʳҲһ𱸹ȥȡվѧᡣ
ǣСȥ졣Ϲܼʾ޳ϡ
Ƽһӻ޳Ůеġ
±йȥʱ׵ģЩˣͷһμ
ֹϲһƥԼǵȥϼȦ׼ѧᡣ
ã鷳ˡ
˵˵㲻鷳ңҾ鷳ˡˬһЦ˿ûһ˿Ůӵӡ
Ƽҵһƥƥëߴ˶޳һ۾ͱˡ
ѡѡѡһƥڵĴ
СﵹǻѡУ˰ɣǾȥˣ
á
ѧһ£޳Ϊжѣû뵽ͦ򵥣Ҳ֪ƥ˳ģֻԼ츳ߣûһʱ޳Լŷң׷׷ϡ
˼Ȧ޳񫣬Լǰͣ
ܹˣЦſ
ˡ޳ͦģȻûпˬڷɱܵĸоͦ
ѧõǿ죬ҲˣûȥˣǶϣһԼ÷ҪȻĥܵġ
ͦϲ޳ԸģŤ󣬲߰˹ͦġ


67 
޳Ľ飬ȥҶҹһϡ
޳Զţûе᲻ãΪû˸ˡ
ǰүӽ޳е鷿òųڽʲôֻ֪ˡ
ȥӭӵһƼҲԺھ޳һʮһһͬȥûҳ
Լ޳һˣүģ޳С޳Լȥæˡ
Сʱ޳ˡ
·ϸλԳĻԺС㳤ò˵ɫ㣬ҲСұ񣬿ǰˣ˫Ŀ񣬹ᾣ¶ڱ֮˫ֲ룬ﻹһ˿Сӡ
С㣬޳үؼҵģһ·ҽΪңʲôҪʱҡ޳վСĴǰ˵š
Ҳ֪һֻһ仰СģС˫Ŀھ˽˳۽ǻ䡣
޳˿зӦͺãзӦͺðˡ
ʱС㷿ڲûˣ޳ľ״̫ãĬվһСϢ
ɰʱȥСȻ۾
޳òԾֹС㲻ԾĵطҲԾѾͷȥˣôõʱ䣬ǴҲӲǣܲٶûŰɡ
С㣬ҪҪߣҪȥˣʮվܵүӣСүƼүܲסҳȥҲá
СֿˣĬĬӣ֮ûбķӦ
˵СѾӣǿվģСû޳
޳ò׼С˼ֻȥסС֡
һСзӦˣ޳յ΢΢ͷҲƫ޳

С΢΢˵ͷ
Сݵ޳ƮƮġ
ڴͷ޳һȡС·Сϡ
Ǹոϵ·ܿ챻
𣿡޳꣬òԣԼأСһŲӦûȵġ
޳ʣ·⣿
޳ϸģүģСĽԷһЩ΢صͷ
ʱ֮ǰľӣһ˿
޳ҲʶһЩ⣬·ڸǰţûʲôζ
޳аһ罫·˹ȥзʱһ¡
޳
Ȼˡ
ŵ廨ȡ޳½·СϣһСûķӦˡ
С㵽޳Ҳû̫ྭ飬㽫˴䣬ֻСȦСĺʼٵʱϽ˷Ϣ˳ˮɤӡ
ʱһѾߣ϶ųʳ
޳ֻС㣬СѾ߽һ˲䣬ԸоСӽһ¡
СѾ߽ʱϻŲɫ޳ʱ
С㣬ôˣ˵ҪŲСū澷ȥСѾ˵ţҲС㷴ӦߵһеĶȥС㡣
һ˸е̬ȣżҵǲŵġ
޳СѾ߷СֹؽڷİɫٿСѾ߽֮һֱͷС㣬Цˡ
Լǰº֣ӹ󣬾ֶλ˵㡣
޳ûʲôŵ㣬λĵ
С׼ʱ޳ֱֹȥСѾߵָ
Сӣڰ
޳ҲֻһָͷֻꡱһСѾһҽУ˫ֶ뿪Сӡ
Сû֧ŵ㣬ֱֱڴϣһƬŤȻԴͷĵòᣬȴҧһԡ
㡢󵨣ƾʲôңҪү̫СѾűϵָһ˫۾޺޵ض޳
ǡֻү֮ǰԶҲүˡ޳ƮƮģүӸذףĵسСѾȥ
ү˵ˣСߣֻҪвԾˣֻܴãе
СѾ̣ŵֱˣΪүͷͿԺΪ˭֪ǲСˣ
СѾͷͦһѽûϵôǲ˵ġ
СѾͷе㶫ѽѹٶҿ⡣
ڸʲô
үվſڣ޳СѾŭȡ
СѾ߿ү·𿴵˾ȱүүȾū澣ҪɱūЮСѽ
ô£үСߣ۵ؿС㣬Լ뿪ãҳˡ
ոūС㵽Ϣ֪Ůֱū澵ָŵҪɱū澣ūүΪūֹСѾ£޳Ҫǵ˶Ҫа
޳˵ү޳ڸˣǱȽεġ
޳Լү뿪֮󵽻ʱ¶˵һ飬ֵүǲţŵùСһµӣǷˡ
ү꣬СþóĬţѹ֣ѹóԼʱȣѳ֮󷴶ӳĬԣԭԼƤ£ܰ˽Сõĵط˶ٰ̫ţ̫ġ
ˣҹſЧȣү޵ҧгݣٿڵϿధСѾߣԼСǰԲҪǸϸһ㡭
үʣβѡ
Сģϰš
֡㣬С˻һһֵ˵š
ж֪ģҪæ⣬ҪչͬʱҪԿɧţ߻û˿ãͽͷöùҪ֣͹Ǹ


68 Ѿ
СѾߺܿ˳ȥûþû졣
үСҪǱã˲ָܻÿһЩ
޳վһԹ
ү޳ַϵذס
Լ׵ذף޳ϣ׵˼ԶүԼĸס
ȻˣСñ㸺չˣ޾ϸ㣬ҲŸײһ˺СõˣֻҪʱСõתٸʮӡģ³ֻȸոǸ澸ңүʩ
үģ޳úչС㣬ֻԺеıĵֻ²٣үúһͬʱΪСº
СĲܺúչ˲ǡ
Ǯ治׬Ѿˣеòˡ
ãȥš
үСͷúõģȥˣܿǾܻؼˡ
С㣺š
үһߣ޳СˣСѾ߶š
С״۾ɴˣ˫ֽϥϵĲϣַỨΪ޳СѾһǰһ˺һס
޳ζеֵ࣬
̣޳ߵؽŻ
С㣺ʲô
ԲˣɳӺͱʲôζҲԣҸµġ
޳С㣺Ҫһȥڴţ
ȥҵÿ
ãҲϵ·ָָ򡣡
˴ԼǱү˳ȥһ·ûˣСҲڡ
ССĵ£޳ʼʳġ
ʳͦȫСʲôࣿԷó嵭ЩҿСѾ֮ǰҲ£ͻȻ̫Ķĳθܲˡ
ȡɡСůůģ˹Ȼϸġ
УôضУ졣޳С㿴ҪԵĶ
á
Ӧʣ޳ʼæµһæһ߸С죬С
㲻֪ƼҳǰһҶڽһ硣˵Ŀ˿Ͽˣһһ֦ʻʮԺҪǵһƬҶӻһƬ꣬ҶƸϡҲ·ϳ£ӲϸĿܴ˵С㣬Բſôϡ
޳߶߶˵ţСһˡ
Լûãô˶Ҫ²Լ
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ãлл㡣С˲ᣬ޳л
ӦõģϾ˵ˣҪǺһʮӲǣΪҲúúøɲǡ
š
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û£ӵʱѾǰһ˺һףñ˲ģæʱ䲻ÿ˵ʱǱѾߴϣһֱѾһٺݵġ
ŰԼҲͰˣСѾ߲㣬鲻ʱͱźǰźô޵ģСѾһ֮ѣ£ԼŶûΪ˲úŽ˵Ÿ
Ȼ޳һͰСѾʰˣڸʰˣСֻǰδеɡ
ԽԽ㣬Сûסӹһ£ϸ˺Σ԰׵Щɫ
޳ˣϽͷͿˣһ¡
࣬ǰСǾԲῴһ۵ģֻĿܳԵһķ˵Ϊ
ոճðС̨شˣССڵغ࣬ü۶Ц⡣
үһڳˣСŮصСõķ䣬ųţ˲ˡ
СãСãأ޳ү˼ûõӦżóɤӺ޳
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˵Щү޳
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ү˵ЩʲôСˣ磬Թﻹ࣬ոõġ
үţø޳ƽϣӵݸ޳ţȳԸ


69 
ոµСģ޳һνӴôСĺӣ˶ˡ
Ҳ̫С̫˰ɣС˰Сô죿
޳վڳſڱŽӹӵƣţҶ
үʢ࣬޳ֱӣЦˣ㲻ͦ͵ôôӶᱧ
޳˸ۣҪСޣҴ͸Ұһ
˵Ұ̣޳ԼӦ֪ôˣ˸ơ
үһǺԼ㱧أ
޳ü˵תͷȥС㡣
ү˳߿ȥԼؿԼʶԼʧԣֺõĳԼЦЦתͷְ޳һۡ
û£ҲССġ
Ķ˵û⣬޳ͷˣСڳתȦߡ
ʱСѾ۾޳޳ɰһָȥ
СްЦû¾ûСЦˮˡ
үС㿴޳Ц֪ϲӣеطġ
ˣúŮķԭү롣
ڶͳүʱȥ˸·ϴţ˸С㿴˿֪С˼ǹءѪûĴ⡣
һдӼСĻʳ޳ˣԭȵĳﶼˡ
Сĸ̵ʱ޳ˣСĸܳϲСʳ
޳ջǰͷ˵ĻǮ׬ɣ
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СһһЦеС޿ԼЦˣҲѽѽСֺһš
޳ȵĲУСߣһС
ţ͵һͣ٣С㱧źǰ㣬޳æ˷á
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ȥмҪųڣΣա
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·ϲ̫ƽԼǺúȽϺãҪ鷳ˡ
ɽ֮󣬺ܿͽĵؽ磬ΰһ˳˳ػصƼҡ
үӵõϢſڵţٳٲгӹүĵòУôأǲǳʲô¶ѽ
ܼҸæοСϾСƣ·ԲЩүģٵȵȣ˵Ϳˡ
үһ룬Ϲܼ˵Ҳ ûôżˣֻǻ̲סƵƵ·ڡ
Сĳ٣үһС㱧ź³ʱݺᡣ
ҵѽɻˣˣôôѽ
үӲ֣ŵؿŮһС㱧źӵ֣ʹ˵
û£һˣŮТˡСҲſޣϥҪүӿͷ
үãæү򣬻ã
үæǰС
ͺãȽȥɣſ˿ȥҪ˵˵үΧ۵ԽԽ࣬ȰС㡣
СҲ֪ԵԹԸŸֽţ֮ǰ޳޳Ҳɡ
޳ŻؼˣΪ˽ӻͿ뿪û뵽Сϣֻεظȥ
ʣµĻԺھֵϧؿ޳һۣϾۻţ޳ͦθڣһȥϼһû뵽
ϧˣԺԵپ۰ɡ
ʮ˹ȥܼ칤Ǯȥˡ


70 ܾ
ƼҸŮ˽žͿʼԱ˴꺮ů˵˵žͿ޳һš
޳վһ߿ţﶯݣ¸ĸġ
үŸ׺һʱƽſ϶޳ȥ˷칤Ǯ
˷ʮүȡʮӽ޳ԼһƱ⼸Сñչ˵òҴӦʮ±˵Сúүӡ
ã֤һֶ©ȥ޳ˣӺƱպãһ˲
С㣬ү룬Ʋ鷿ϹܼҴҴҸ޳˸롱ơ
ȥɣӦСõ£ʵ˵ǡүһȻȻϵүӻˡ
޳ͷŹܼˡ
ֹһ·ллˡүӺ˫۳޳ϹлŮѾ޳һж˵ˣҪ޳ϸģŮ֪
޳һæһ񣺡үˣ޳ֻ֮֮£һвǱ֡
úúã֮֮£˵úãҪǰǶ仰ҵͲЩˡ
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үҲ֪޳˵ûãҲôһᡣ
˵˵㵽ǱʱģǺТ˳˵Լûίҿɲš
޳뵽ү˵ʵ㽫Сʮһһϸ˵ˡ
ү꣬ӰϵֶҪѰָˡ
ؿںݺݻ˿үŶ޳˵С㽻¡
˵⼸·϶㾡չ뽫飻ҲĴһ£ףĻ壬ƼƸΪǩÿһǩʮ֪Σ
ʮ⹤ͺĶ
ԼǴʱֻլ֮ˣĿǰҲӲʲô۸񲻴Ļơ
޳룬һʱû
⡭ллϵϿɣֻ£޳ÿǿǣϿ޼գ޳ȥͬһᡣ
ҲãҲʱ⣬˵ҲǴ£ֵúúÿǣˣգ֮󣬲벻˵һҺѰˡ
үˬӦ޳
ߵһˣ޳ʮ޿Ųػ˼ҡ
˵õĲ³ҪСóԷ޳ؼҳ˸裬ʱ仹絽мȥһӵʳģѼС
̫ҪɽʱҶĺ续˹ؼҡ
Ľ㣬˵޳ʲôʱŻѽ续ʡ
е޳ķˣȻĽҲǡǱȽϲ޳
ΪĽĲ˱Ƚ嵭ⲻԽؿԽϲ
ӣҲ˰ɡҶҲ̫ȷ⣬ڳټ缸춼˭Ҳ˵׼
ðɡ
续еʧ䡣
̤·ϵʯҪʲôǼ⴫һϤζ
Ľ㣬ŵ𣿺㣡
Ҷһ±ӣٿԼԺλðĴ̣΢΢𣺡ŵˣζӦ޳ˣпڸ
޳ˣô֪ģǶûء
̡ҶԼࡣ
续̧ͷȥǡ
续ͲסıǰˡҶĿҡͷ
ǸӰһ˻ôл
޳˳ſھ̽һë׵Դ
޳㣬ٺ٣ʲôóԵģѽ续һˮҪӡ
޳ˮ׼ˣ£ûвС
šǿ϶԰ɣмҸոտ续龫ֵġ
ҶĴԴȥϴ֣Ȼ󽫲˶˵ϣӦҲϢˣûˣ˾ͳԷ
ȻҶ˵˸ոȫˡ
ĸֵسһٷȥϴ֮Ŵû˼ҡ
޳үӵͬҶ˵һ£οҶĵ
ҶģǮȷʵźҪСӡҲãȥĻӦҲͦɵģǣҪĻһ굽ͷز˼μңҲÿһļ١Ҫ粽ظС㣬Ͽܻ˯ƫҲҪ˯Сϡܵ˵ĻȥҲǲԡ
һ굽ͷز˼μңһ޳ܲˡ
ؼңζżҶģһ꣬˭֪ᷢʲôһ֮ǮؼңҶıźӺһİſӭԼ
⻭棬붼ܲˡ
ˣұĻưɣҲȱǮˡ޳ȥؾүӡ
ţʲôУڽûȻȲ׬ö࣬ϲýӵĻǿġңǵﻹʳ
Ҷľſָָȥҹе¹⣬˿ĽǮ⡣
˵أҲûȥˣʩʲôġ޳̾
ƣǿͷѽҪĿǰԼũҪ˰Ĳֵˣճ̫͡
ȻҲֱӽǮũǮ˰ĻҪཻһЩճ޵£˭ɵѽ


71 ǧ
үӶ޳ľܾеϧҲ޳ѡֻ˵ԺݹĻʱ
޳ӦˣҲǲԺˡ
ܾү֮޳ָֻͷܵǵܵΪ޳ʹһͷţһţؿ˻С⡣
Ȼڵˬ޳ţɽϣ̾š
ţɽܹٵǿԵģмһˣ˵һҹҲʮµѣϾҲÿ˶ţš
мվͼţܣ߿ʶżϼҪˣһͲࡰΡˡ
ܾܣϢϢ붼оˡ
ҶţϣӸųӵƵһҡһεģ޳ĸ̾Цˡ
Ҿ֪㾭סܣɫ
޳һ룬ͷǣǰӻĶǶӳʲôӦҲǶӳȥöֻ࣬ҪɻУżȲȥμʲôҲֵܼڽԶߡҪҿɫǵô
ӳͦõģ˵Щ˵ѽίߣԴвͻᱻëұ˴֮޶Է޵ҧгݣϻҪֵøֵһ˵ȴ־䶼ǿӣʲô¶˶լ͸ѪˣζҪȥլˡ
լѪȣΪʲôѽ
޳棬һͷԴ⣬ôѪˣ
Ȩ£Ůõ˵ĳ谮õ̳Ȩǵ֮˵Щ˼ѽÿ궼֪жٺ̥С˳޵ĻӶ֪öѣѣСľزҶֶ֪֪Цɣ
ͦЦģҲ⣬ߵλãͲҪˣȨƻѽ
޳̾
˵䣬ţһ·ڣмţһ˺С޳ţϽ֡
Сţɷһ̫̫СŵţǰЦеʣ¶
޳·ڶѻļﻹװڵļӦģҪȥ
ȥǧ壬·Ǯô㣿
ÿ·ÿһǮﳬһٽһģͷ㣬Ҳÿ·һġһﲻﰴ㣬һ·ģϳһġСߵĲǮ
Уﵽǧʮ·ĸˣһӲߣﲻһٽҪʮģ԰ɣ
޳ѽ
̫̫һЦɻɣҲЩˣҲ㲻ˡ
޳ţͣ·ڣ³æ̧ϳ뼸òӸ
ֲڣ·ĳҲ٣ôôණǧɲѽ޳ųоģǣ
ⲻ㣬ҪȻǿɵ߹ȥˣЩҵĴŮǰո˺ӣ˵ðװֵĿϲˣҵøЩӣ˳㿴ҵ
̫̫ļЩĸҿ˼ˣҴŮȣָϲɽϵҰѽɽѽԣСʱЩԵġ
̫̫ĺϲĴŮ˵۾Цһ졣
ǿǴ£ϲϲѽĸȻǸ࣬
ѽͬϲͬϲѽ
̫̫ףˣЦǺǵͣ
һ·żҳţܿͽǧķΧ޳ű廹Ҫϼĸ޼ǧ壬̾ѹֽǧ壬ôĵأһճܳϼɡ
ɲǣҹŮǿضôŮ޹ģŮ˺ãЩûٴŮңТģһġ
̫̫ϥǣ̸Ůﶼǽ
ͦá޳ͷˣĻ˼ңôߣҸ͵ſȥ
ǸãǰǿǰиԵǻ˼ҡ̫̫˼Ҷֻ͵ڣΪ޳Ҳǣæͽأû뵽޳Լȿ˿ڡ
ã׼ˣСѲҪżͣ˲£ҪȻˤˡ޳ӣٶȡ
ͣȣС˳ߴߴؾܽݣʱ˸ųˡ
ݼ棬ⲻһѡ
޳ҲûҶһ𽫻ﶼȡŵ·ߣһӿ޳Ķµִ̫̫˶һߺ޳ᶫһߺ̫̫˵ĸˣôôණҲס
̫̫⻰˵ģŮԺҳԣһһġ
꣬ʶٳǮ޳˵ˣһջӸ˳Ǯ
˳ѣ¾޳Ҷ޹ˣ޳ţ˳ŵ·ǰߣιһǧ塣


72 ż
ǧ岻֡
ߵĺ͵ȵĳãػƽ̹Ǵ巽ˡҶֽݡ
޳ˣȷʵǣƽ̹ũӴͶ࣬ƫɫӪ㣬Ȼúá
Ҷתͷô֪ôࣿȥʱʲôʶ
ǲ㴺ֵʱæŴ壬ԼֲҲȥϴүѧôϴү˺ãҰһ磬޲ýѧңͦɰһСͷ
顣
ɲǣҾûһˡ޳ƤԿ䡣
ҶЦ治Ҫ
٣ƤⶫòҪʱҪǽл޳벻⡣
˲ƴڻżţǧһ˴壬Ŵ·ϵķߡ
û߶ãҶľͼ·ſһˡ
޳иˣҪҪȥҶ޳ļ
ʱ磬ҶɡԿýһЩ
Ķ޳תͷĴһۣţҪ··ߵĲݴµĶûôע⵽ˡ
˵ˣͣ
޳ţͣ£Ҳ˲ݴˡ
޳ţǰ˷ûʲôˣظţкһ٣Ǹˡ
޳ιѣ
оϱ˼£뿴˭ǰһƬף£ʵ᲻
ʶ޳ģԷƽţһ߸ȥ£һ߽Ҷˮ
Ҷı·Ķˣһ£ȻҪżææȥˮ
޳ӹҶеˮιһڣȻˮ·ϣʪ˵·ϣٽˮеˮ֫ϡ
Щ޳ֶȥôʪȥĶͷ;
Ҷվһԣ֪Щʲô²޳ڸ£Ҳ˲Ϻߣ򿪵ɡȷ硣
ʲôʱѹѽҶе㵣ģϾҲһأ˺޳ʶġ
ֻˣûΣĻԸιˮбĻҲϧûС
޳Ժϻö౸һˮβǣôС䣬ͻ¼ôһЩ
ʪ·ҶȷĹͬ£ŸоһЩºͷۻ֢״һЩܿ޳ˡ
֡޳
ԣңЩ𣿡޳ʣʪ·һ棬¸ϡ
оϻȺģ޳ĶƤһһʪԼ壬оԼࡣ
޳һֱע״̬·࣬سȡһˮңιˮ
ιˮˮȷ磬ãڻ˹
šԼף޳ҶĵлллǣҪҾ͡
޳ڰ֣жţţϢ˳Եɶġ
֮Ͷѣôʶһٿס˵ô£ģУһڻҰ·ϣҪˣ
ѵûᱻһԼͻСϼôʣһʱЩΣҲߣΪ£û뵽ξˣԺ󲻻ˡ
޳ϾҲ죬ոǾʵѾأô˵ҲͲ׷ʣҶĺһ£Ͳ˵ˡ
޳˵Ҷĺ͸Ĳˣܱ߾ֻзţԲݾ׽
ջбҪǰĳĬڣô
ͳ䣬˳㿴ЩʲôС⡣ʵ޳Ҳûʲô˵ģʵʵ˵ˡ
ˣʲôӪ꣬ԼʷܻᣬæͣҲ̽ʲôЩ߹ٵطǣûп԰æĵطϾոҲҲǡ
޳Ҳû룺û¶ʵҲûãҪȻҲˣĿǰǸϳǮ֮Ļûá
롣üͷʼ˼Լ֪Ĺ޳Ϣһ飬Ϊ޳ơ
޳ͷûô⣬ҲżţԲˣҲûʲô£ǽţǣȥţװá
Ȼȥɣˡ޳Լ˳ߵλãҶĸɡ
еȣۼ֦ҶӶģԼһڣιȥǿɾûˮˡ
޳ֱ߹Ͻѵ
ҲԼ鷳ȥ֦
ţܿ͵ϣ޳ͣһջǰºŸţؼߡ
ٺҲ㽫˴ؼҲǡ


73 ӻ
޳ȫĻϣȴ޳ӪĿǰҪɵ
ڿջ˯һȥ˴ȷԼû֮󣬿ʼг
һڽϻƣмЩֱ̣ʲôӪ
ʮ죬ڵó˽ۣǸ޳һֽ֮ڰĵ뿪ˡ
޳ſջֽ˳˼
ݲֻ֣࣬ӻ̡
޳һԴѽôǼʵĴ̳ɲǸ߶һӻʲô
뷨ʽѣĿǰǮû⣬װޣǮͲˡ
޳ȥ벻ʲôŵֻõҶĻؼ֮ͬҶ
һЩȥ˭ҪЩʲô¼ȥЩѣ߸һյ㶫õһȥǮ̵ܹ¡
ҶҲδӴЩȥֻ뵽취
ҲаɣǼҵţˣŸոҪҵΡ
޳ţͷʯּһ׷ۺһˮľ˰裬ʹ׷ۺʯĸɲϻԵɣԱ˾͵øɻˡ
ţһ㣬ͷһ޳֣Ȼͷԡ
Ҷļôĳغţ˵ȤҲţͷ
һʱ䣬濪ˣ뼸רȥջͿ
޳ЦãôϷһࣿ
ǲ֪ǰ;ɻ
е
޳ЦŵͷŴţһֵֹҶĿЦˣˣֹȥƶ˵ٻˡ
ƣ޳ɻͻȻӦҲԣţдƣá
ôưһɣǵһ¾ôС
˽ݣֹǰޣȸţһӣػڸʣΡ
ҼǮֻҪʳǺüꡣ
ֵһǣҶĵڹˣΪһ⻹ֻǹ̶ǮĥһЩʲô»ɶģн
һ޳ӻǷܿٿͲҪˡ
ҶĲôںֻҪ޳ľͺá
޳ǸĴģû˴ߣҲͲżˣÿҶĳ֮ԼţƣĸеʲôĶչһ㡣
Ͷ˲ӻ޳Ҳˣʼĥ̵װޡ
ϣҶ˴ڶպ޳һܳ޳һϲ
һҲ֪Ϊ˯ǰ޳ģμ޳
޳ŴϲվڹСԺ죬ڸλֵλһĹϲͰúϡ
ҶǱ˴ѵġ
ҶĶŴɴʣոյǳ컵Σ˳һȺ
ҶԼգңô֡֡Ρ
˼£ϵǹȻûмȥҶķ´ȿˮ侲侲ȴ޳ķﻹ͸Ź⡣
ô˻˯ѵ˴ƣҶЩɻȷ磬ϵȥˣ߹ȥƿ޳ķš
޳תͷȥЩȣ㻹û˯첻Ϲ
ã²죬죬ҶϢҶĿ֮µ޳ղŵΣȾЩĺɫֻҹ߲㿴˯ˣ߻ţ
Ҷ룬ֲһ䣺⼸Ҹܼˣɢİɡ
Ǹã޳ߵλá
ҶĿ޳һɵӣ˿߹ȥ
Ҷãеĸֽ
㿴ƵĻܣʱĻôţۣ˿ҪʲôԼãſǮͳɣöֻҪ·ͨţԸš
ǼзֻͨһƷҲͻţûǽֻܸͨͻˡ
Ҷǰһ뷨ãű۲ƭˣӵĻͼ˿ֱڵﹺ˻ԼǮ˻ȥֿտյĻȥ֣Ե㶫Ҳ͵
޳⣺ǰɣҲͦõġ
ҶʧЦѽ;ÿ䣬һӡ
εӰ죬ҶĿ޳ʱܸойɲ̫Ц;ÿģرֵС飬رŲۡ
ǲɣĿǲԾø޳Ӱƶ
޳ͼֽźãЬϴ
ҶĿҪϢˣҪݣ֪ڱ޳סˡ
ôˣ
˯ݰɣ󡣡޳˵꣬Լĵ̫ͻأָŽͣ˯ͦãȴ˯ţʲôõ˯Աߣţ񲻸ҿߵġ
ҶĿ޳ĵ룬ţ񡱿ɲô
еĶô£


74 
ҶҲûܾݱԼͷ˵ƣ౳޳ˡ
Լ֪Լ޳ĸе㲻Ծɵּ¶Ѿ飬Ҳ飬ʣµľǡ顣
鰡뵽ܣԼ޳ЩӵĵεΣҶַ⣬޳һ𣬺Ҳ
˾ߣ޳һ˯ⶼûУ˵ĺƽȣ˯ˣֽ§˹ͷһ£ű˫ۡ
ҶԼȻ˰ȥֱӹ޳ĻΪֻ޳ϰ뱧㶫˯û뵽̼ͷʹһĴС
Ҷģ
ǲʲôط̫Ծѵ޳Ҳб뷨ɣ
ҶĲҶװԼ˯ˣֻǺȻٵ
޳Ǻεȶ;ģǲйˡ
Ҷе㲻̫Ծš
˫ۣŻ˺һͷҶĵľѲȥૣġ
Ҷģ
ϣ¼ţô죿˭ָԽһ𣿣ˣ
޳̽ԽԽٵ˵šλġס
޳ھ䣬֮ǰ·޼ڶ࣬Ҷζװȥˣ޹ģȴֲҶ˶ˡ
ԭҲûо
޳ǣõԼҪĴ𰸣ҲͲˣŲҶϵֱۣͷҲൽһߣǱȵһ㣬ſҶġ

Ҷءغһ
ſˣҪȻҪԼȥƵñĳ
ҶĬĬһ£޳ûӦ˼˶Ĳȥո޳ͷ䵽޳ľѣִֽ޳ϣŰĵؽ硣
޳ӣȷһҶ˯ˣŲ½Ҷ§
лϷӣůȵ죬ҹҲҪϱҪȻһ§ҶģҶĹƵѡ
°ͲĶͷЦҶһȥܹˡ
ķˣһֱ˯ͣ͸ֽĴڴϣյôůġ
§һ˴Ǹо⣬˼£˹
ҶķոѾ뵽ҹ£е㲻֪룬æҵؿ޳ȥЬ
ȥ緹ҶĴЬĿİͰ͸޳ôһ仰ˡ
޳ԴЬӣûֱӰʧڷſڣ̲סӵűڴϴ˸ȻԼ˵ͼԼ侲
ÿô죿
緹õʱ˶侲ǻָ״ֻ̬ǲĻָˣ˭֪ء
췹þͣҾûȻŵʱƿȥ򼸸ͷţͲûԷˡ
Ҷʰ꣬һߺ޳˵Žյν
ãȥţȻˮҹˮʹϰ轴Ҳϣ·ϵԡ
š
ˣ޳ǰͷǣţҶںš
ʱڵſˣ̽СԴ
޳㡢Ľ㣬Ҫ𣿡续ڳһֻ֮ǰ޳͵ɣǱһ롣
ѽȥˣɽС޳˵
ҿԸһȥһڼҺġ
ԴְԺΪԺǮˣֵʱҲųˣþûϢˣһڼҹµˣֲȥ޳ҶģϾ˼Ҳ¡
Ǿ͹ɣˮһЩʳŴǹƵһЩŻ޳ͣ½Ų续
ҮϾ
续˵ܽԼԺӣ׼ȥˡ
޳ֻһȻ󿴼С˫ֱһϴİͷûĿӻֽ֧ɡɡһСӣ̶ʱ֮ڣɼ֮졢׼֮㡣
续ԼĶŵţϣתԺţţҶߡ
ã޳˵һˣȡǰͷǣţ
续״ɺ棬תͷȥҶģĽ㣬޳Ϊʲôѽ
ΪȻҪ·򼯣ݳĻ׳£˲
续ͷԭˡ
޳ţʱǲ˸ϻؼҵʱǴӽβߵͷ޳ţϾˡ
续˶ˣµشӳ޳Ҷһڵš
޳ĬĬǣţǰͷżλ˿졣
ţͻȻͽϡ
ˣ⼸·ŻУ㶫͵ˡһү̾
ɲǣǻѽһٶĵӣﵽһߺüأڲˡ
ҪͰΰٲˣŮֲ⣬Ĳ̫š
޳ǵ̸̲סһ䣺үǻɲǾеô


75 Ч
үڰ֣˵ˣǻʮһ˾ͲˣҲʵĶѽǴûżԵϺѽǵȥϡ
ǵҲǡ޳ͷүҪеͻ͵Ļ۸ЩոɶģֻҪöٰ࣬ʮĵģͲͻˣԸԸѽ
үһЦС뷨棬Ҫĵ̵ĻҲʡЩϸ첲ȵĵˣرǴЩ¹ţж㣬ҪЩǵҲܹЩ
ѽҪͻڴ򵽣ЩҲǿģ˼ջͻģ·Ҳ֮С
˿Ͷ׷ױʾϣ޳뷨УԼˣҪǿԣԼЩʲô
޳ǰһĬĬ˼ЩԺɶǮġ
续ҲˣҶĵ֣Ҷ˵޳ôѽԺǸϼҲԵ
ѽһֱܴҶĺͬ续Ļǰͷ޳ıӰԼûԺ
ÿӶпͨ·һӵֻţڻ߼ſڣͨ·ġͨ·ģ޳ˣܵ·߲ǡ
һڷһ˿֮޳ţ˩ϢԼ˿ˮҶĺ续ԭصţԼ˴塣
ʱͶӣһģʳһĶ͹²ʲô
ȥʲôҶʡ
⣬ûˣϰǱʱⲻǰջţһЩũֱռ۸һЩ˳·˵ЩӸ󡢳еͷĿѣļ¶˳кôӡʳʲôĶҲһЩ
ҶǰӹװĴӣû
Ҷģ
һЩʮ˰ɣ
޳ųЦֽ˹أɣһЩ
ðɡҶɿ֣ȥһӡ
س֮Уûбĳ˿ͣҶĺ续˳ɡèںһ߳һ졣
޳㣬ոǵЩҪ𣿡续ﺬ۽޳
뿪һڳﻮС
棬пе𣿡
ûȥأȥʣ̫ߣÿӲȣ⣬µѺǮţû˼ȥӡ
ãǽи棬ǱȽСҲߣһ¶ӣѺһӾУãӰмǣˣҪȥ𣿡续˵ԼõϢ
˭ѽһ춼һţҶû
ҶĲ续һ䡣
ǳЧΨһһɵǸиⷿ£һϢûԺһסЧֻ棬ûȥ
ЧҶʶƽʱô֪弼ҲͦģԳһɣԼҪɳЧƷģĥꡣ
޳һ飬ûӡҡҡͷʶ
ǵʱǲԺϸ֮һһȥԼûȥǸҶĵǵĽ㡣
Ҷôһ˵޳ˣѽее֪ںЩû
ҵͬôģ
š̬ɣʱһ续㶼ܿģ۾ǻᷢһ̫һüͷ΢壬еʧͬʱеǳĸо֪ǳʲô
޳ϸϸŵʱĳ棬Ȼǵú塣
Ҷţеᣬ޳ʱȻˣ۲ôϸ뵽ҹ޳ӣȻ̫˵
޳Ҷģ֪ԼˣƼţǰߣﻹɻôͻȻˡ
续֪ʲô˶˵е۽ȥȻ󿪿ڣ޳㣬Ҫ뿴Ļȥһ³Ч磬滹ڲڣڵĻҸԼʱ䡣
ҲСڵĻǹȥСôʱԣ⼸Ҳпա
Ҷ޳ļƻԼֲˣššһʾͬ
ڶգ续緹ʱʳдյЧߣк
Ч磬һԸ£
Чûϵ续Լк֮еԥδŮδ޵ģ̫á
续û˵ĬˣС棬һߴԼʳУһͬ˵
Ч磬˵иҪȥ治֪ڲڣ
Чһ续µģ˿ڵģҪ𣿡


76 
续ҡҡͷңһ㣬Ҫӣûҵʵģ˵ӿöɣ԰ɣ
ǵģҺҪס¥Ҫͨ棬ӲãҪ˯磬ҪڵʱҪصôͣҲһֱûȥҪǸˣҪȻʱҾͲˡЧ˵ҪǮЩ˵òС
续оеңĵ϶ᳳЩǳʰڶܱ֤ʲôģеŶ
šЧ࣬Ҳûô·ϡ
һȥ˵һ£еĻ㡣λѽ
β̵Աߣֻһûȥϲÿſڿϵˣܺϡ
УϢӦҲ⼸ˡ
áЧ࣬ͷʳزˣһڷһڲˣ˹˹ĵسš
°꣬续˼úóԷˣͷͰڣسһ޳ķǺóԣ
Ч˹ĹˣҲıˣһμôԷֱ۽磬续סˡ
СҲ̫С˰ɣ
续ûɻ̧ͷȥÿЧʳΨһһСزˣٿԼһأС룬߳ЧȻеɬ
Լ񡭡Եе࡭
续ϲԶʳˣԳЧӡͦãЧĲ٣ǰԼĲŲ˹ȥ
Ч
һ԰ɣҴͦġ续ü䣬̲סҪҫҸ˵ҪӵǸģɺóˣ㳢
续˵ţֱӸЧ˸ȣȸ㣬Һô⣬޳˵ˣҪؾźãҴö࣬Щ
Чǰ֡ЦһϵŮе˵ϣ˿ãżɢе˵ڡ
Ѿ벻жûõ˵ĹˣԴԼΪԭѡ˴֮󣬵õĺ඼Ǳ˵ĳЦ벻⡣
ЩˣŮܻᳰЦˣ˵вŮ˵СӣЩ˲ֻԼƲǵĺ˵кԼʯͷ
ôˣ续ЧǸȷЩɻ󣺡ǡǲܳԻȰɣǲǴˣ
续ЩǳԲ˻ȵģЧЩΣټûЧԹ⣬һյòС
Чع续һΣæͣǣܳԵģǡ̫ˣ뵽˱飬лл㡣
续ؿڣǾͺǾͺãˣҵöѹѹ
˵꣬ͰڣùĹҵġ
ЧֻСһ߻ѵõЦЦͷȥ续ļȡ
պŽ֭ڳ㡣
óԡЧ̾һ䡣
ҲúóԡóԵ㣬ﻹкöأ续ָָƵмС룬ųЧ
ֻҪǾ޳Ĳ˺óԵģǾǺѣ֮кöһ쾭壬续룬ȫ֪ԼľٶڳЧ˵ζʲô
Чһôˣȫ֪ξܾ续ʢ֮£˼⡭
磬Чؼҵʱ϶ŵЦݣĸԼҶӣ̲סһ䣬֪龭ڷġ
ΪĸףЩҲ֪Ӳףܱ۸ÿζӻֻϲǣϸϸĶӣ￴ƭֻǲˣżװˡ
񣬶Ϻ˰ɡ
Чߵ£续֪˹˳޳ܣԼڸڵļҶû
ţ˿ڲˮ续ֵŶ˵ԼϢ
ڽβѽǵȻǹȥ䣬ɫ硣Ҷ顣
ҲУ극컹ء޳Ҳд⡣
ҲȥҲȥ续һԾ֣ûؼңһҲ֪ø߹Ҳ
УһȥҶЦš
糤ҹ̣˳Թ߻ϼӣյԺӵǽ涼ǻƳȳȵģů⡣
Сʲôر𷱻ĵطмɢȥ֮Ҳͺʹû̷Ǹôɨɨ
޳ڽеţʳ̷һ㣬ͼ۳ۣŰڵ̯С£ƷСյС峵ϡ
续Ǻ«ģҶĺ޳ҪҪõ˲Ǻ«Ļظ֮һԼţһϡ
޳״̰췴ӣһ䣺ɽԺҪ̰ࡣ
Ҿͳһһ˵ġ续һҧһɽ髡
ˣ˭磿Ҷʡ
ҲϲĶѽ


77 
Ҳ˵ٺ٣续ƤһЦıǰȥˡ
⺢ӡҶû취
ͦõġ޳续Ӱһ䡣
续⺢ӣŴûʲô˼˼ϸ壬ʲô˵ʲô˵Լķִ硣
Ǻ«˵Ǹ磬Ǿûʲôñܻģ续û˵ϵһµ˳ŵĿģǾͿƲ续Ҫ͵˭ˡ
δŮδޣ˽¹ϵãҲڴ³
򼯲󣬺ܿ޳˱㵽Ч˵λãȻܿһſڼˣȻ׼
ǳЧô¡
޳ſڿ˼ۣһ¥Ļ˵󲻴˵СҲ̸СҪװ޵ĻһЧĸӵ϶¥ͨ´ࡣ
ոտʼҵҲ㿪Ҫǡ
򵥸˸֣оԣ޳ǰЦźͳĸк
ǵǵġĸ޳Щ㶣û뵽ԼҶӣһͦº͵ӣعϽԼҶӣЦЦҡ
ĸ䣬ͷʹ˳Чˡ
Чֵúܿ죬ǻ䣬˾ͳ޳
Ч޳ое죬ٿҶĺ续Ųµ޳续Ǹ׼ӵĽ㡣
ȻЧ²⣬ЧŸովûüڴк续ȸ˽ܣЧ磬˵Ľ㣬޳޳㣬ǳЧ磬̸̸ɣҾͲˡ
ҶĿЦõԴ˵úܲƵġ
޳ͳЧӱ֮ſʼ̸
¹ӣҸոտ˼ۣҪ续˵ˣܽܣһµúһ¡
˵
ʹͨ¥ݿڵſڵλһϣˣĿ˾Ͳ󴳶¥Ҫŷŷ磬ͨҲᱻĵĿ˳ײˣ֪Σ
ЧƬ̣С
еͨĻԼĸײ·޳Ļܣ˹£Ҳ·Ӻﾭʡ˲鷳ǱͷԣֻЩöϾѾܵˡ
УȻģ֪㻹ʲôҪûеĻҸÿյʱǾͿԵȥǩˡ
޳ˬ˵һǽʲô£Ҳ˶Ǯ
续˵ЩڵʱҪһЩҲһҪ̹ţľûˡҹƵùпգû뵽ô͹վû͹µ˵Ϣ¡
ÿʮոԱһʱ䣬ÿϢ죬һϢҪڹʱ֮ǰµ˵˵µһ졣
ɾǹʱӣѾûмˣȻи˵¸Ϣʵʰܻе
û£ʲôʱпգ续˵һǻؼҵʱҾУǶͬһطϹҲס޳ʾ⡣
ˣлЧվͬ޳
Ժӹˡ޳Ҳվһڡ
ⷿһ£̸ˡ
Ҷĺ续ſںͳĸ죬续̸ֿʰЦСȰȰȵ˵ͣóĸЦúϲ£졣
Ч޳ʱһĻַһЩ
ټĸЦôģ޳Ҫ￪Ļ续޳ǵ̬ȣӦҲԺĸӦܸһЩɡ
续Ų޳ͳЧǰ϶ЩЦݣ˷ܵʣ̸𣿡
޳ЦͷСոóԵģʲôϸҡ
ٺ٣Ҿ֪кóԵģҵúú룬Ҫһ٣续˵ţءһҧľǩһɽ髣ǸղֻûüԵġ
һȥ˫۶ÿɰǵڳļ˶Ц
续۾ҶЦ̫׷ʲôҲɵЦ
ЧԽԽÿɰ̲ס࿴ۣĸע⵽ˣû˵ʲôƿߵû
Цˣ޳¼ĸӸǣҶĺ续Ҳ΢΢ʾ⣬޳ˡ
˱ţ޳ճʲôһתͷ续ˣæܿȥֻ续Ż˳¼ңվڳ¼ſ˵ʲôȻеǴǺ«ݸ˳ĸ
޳̲סüǣ
ҶļͣҲͣ½ŲЩɻ󣺡ô𣿡
ȵ续޳΢΢°ͣʾҶĿ¼ҵķ
Ҷתͷȥû룬ֻǵȵȰɡ
ûһ续СŻˣµһߡ
Ҷȥˣ޳קһӣûʳڡ
˾ôµػؼȥˡ
ĸǺ«续С뿪ӰԼҶӸղŵ񣬿ԼҶæµӰЦζ
ô꣬Ҫк˰ɡ


78 
ԴոЧͶιɹ֮续ҵµȤҶϢǼգȥҳЧһԷЧȥʳ
Чµ꣬续ͻĹеʴӣе̰һů续ȫں˵ĿҲֱӲ续ĺ⡣
˵ĹϵԽԽܣҲֻҶڵʱűֵ΢΢һЩ
ҲʲôЦţû
СʻͣߵýһЩҲ˵һ׮Եأȥ˼Ҹʲô
µףЧĹ˳ȻЩţ¸š
Чõű¹֮ǰȥ续
续ʱˣ죬ȥͬ޳˵һ캥ʱſڵ
á续ظˣһٸİɡ
Ч˳ظֿȥʶԼʧּæƿ˫ۣȾһ㱡죺ǡллˡ
ɶϵѽÿټ续ӻ֣ˡ
Чᶯ˶ã
ǩգ޳ͳЧվſڻ棬ɽɽһ޳ʮǩ׼ⷿ꣬һӣ˸СһӾͰˣָ޳ռһЩ˰עȷ޳ˣŷĵ˴뿪ǩѶûա
޳ͳЧţϡ
⵽棬žװޣϾľ޳ȥңֱҵľ˵ƻܣľظ˵û⣬ϵĵ̴ܶƵģḻأûþˡ
죬úҶĶ˼æΪæ޳ⲻ׵ģţſһдۡϢ֮󣬼ʱ˵һ񣬾ûˡ
Ǹ޳㲻һкʲô𣿡Ҷվ̨ǰʡ
ôûôġ
޳վſڿĸϼˣһ㶼ģãҪȻϢʹȥˣȥҲһġ
Ȼ޳䣬ſھˣ֮ǰĳ˿ͣ޳ͦˡ
ֹû뵽껹Ŀˣ˵ͻſģһϴү֣ЦǺǵ޳
֮ڵﹺʮĵģʮ֮ڹʮĵģֻҪͨţַһǮ𣬵͸͵ţ˵Ļ߲ҪͻģֻҪĶۿֱۣΪۺ;ۡƷۣթ
޳ĵظǰΧ۵Ⱥڽ͡
ѽãҲʶѽ
ʶֲʼξͼǵˣʶ֣˵׬׬
Χ۵˳£Ѿ续ӭ˵
Сһ£ͻÿɰϲүһͨүﱻĻŭţٶһЩЩḾ˺Ӿ͸˵ˣһǱԼƯС䣬һ˾ͽ˵꣬һǲ˼ܾԥԥҲ˽ȥ
˵ʱиһ߿ҶĴƣһ˵ӿŲҲã˵㣬Ȼ˲٣ǵȻõĵطȥаٻҿûһֻţöһЩС
޳˸æǰͼѯ˵ǣҪǸոտҲ֪ҶϲʲôƷԾͽһЩﲻ˵˵ڵЩʲôûеģиӣҪǴҶҪǾͽȥ
տ꣬޳Ҳҽ̫Ļһʽ𲻹ûлԴƷδչġ
Ǹˬˣ޳ϰȻѯԼһ㲻ҲûˣҾ򼸸СչСƿȥװΰˮʲôģǾԼģζǺãʱɣװĶÿ͸оε˵ɾƿװźÿЩ˵ưϾҲûУҲûУЩԼӽġ
˵ǣǻῼǵģллıǸ˫ӵͷ¡޳һĻȡһ˫װĿӣС
û뵽˵׬˫ӣ˵Ӷ˳һ߸Ǯһ߽սŵСӣСϰ嵹ǻ⣬ԢãɾͲˣлл˰ףϰ¡Դ
˵꣬Ŷˣ޳ֻü˵һ䣺ӭ´ͲӰˡ
˴ͷߵĿ˶ٶԼĿϾ˵һ˫ӣͨǮףʡһһ֡
Ҳ֪Ǵﻹ˳ȥѵʱӿһˣвĶ࣬ǳѵĿģ׷޳˵Ҫʲô
˼Ҫ˵޳Ҳ˵ԼһЩҪͻģ޳ɴڶ¥¥֧һСӣֱǼǡ
ֱʱ˲Žϡ٣ļ˲ŵϢ
续һˣų̀µˮҺݹһڣŸо˹ҵϣôôۣͶҪ˵ˣù֮ǰ˷ҪȻҵöˡ


79 ͻ
Ҳ۵ùǺǿģһЩֽŲɾˣʵ̫æҲòԼһӴˡ
˵㣬յȥٻЩܶˡ
ӹ续ˮңҲһ֮󣬲Ż˸Сᡣ
޳ҪͻҶмҲɢˣϢһ΢ɨһͿԹŻȥϢˡҵȻȥ͸شʱǰܵҡ
͹续ȵŴͣʱٵȵ˵пء
࣬ǴɨɾҲСʱˣˡ޳ŵϼ¼Ķһһȥȷ֮Żش续Ļ
ҶĺһҲǣ޳İûʲôˡϢһʼ
޳׵滮һͻ·ߣͻؼǣţȥˡ

ͷӣ˵ǸİٻͻǲѽⶼʱˣǱƭǵİɣǴӣҪʼ׼ˣ˿ô죿һƵƵŴڡ
Ϊ˸Сϴ׼һϯ͸ϼȥˣһѶҲûţҪǶ˸ôؼأ˵¿İٻͻţɲˡ
ﵽһɴණ򵽣õˣֱİٻ˴󼸰ĵĶ˶𣬱ʡ¶ˣصҺ˼ʱȴٳٲţ壬еˡ
ԱߵĴүરવسẓ́ǰ㲻ġ
ɶǵŰܿģܵܲ˵ˣǽ޳Ůûмţͣ˵ͦʵϣͱˡ
ſת˼Ȧ̲סǮҲͰˣⶫٲ˵ġ
үﳳûʲô˼ˣ̶˵ЩʲôͼţС졣
ˣ㼱ģ˼ȱǵ㶫ɡүؿ˴һۡ
Ҳע⵽ˣʶ֣ţϲŵСֺ͵ǰһҲȷİѻ͹ˣϽӭȥ
ѽϰˣۿⶼʱˣһΪ㲻ء
޳ţһӵĻ˺üӣò׵һ·أĳԼ͹ˣһ£Ͻ˼·ϵЩĶߣҸͼſȥ
ﲻǸСˣ޳ǸҲͲˣָԼҵķ򣺡ǰ߶ҼͷǶء
ϡ
޳ţͣſڣϵĶŵһһ˶Թȥٴȷ֮ȡ˸ӡ
ЩɶˣҪǶ˾͸βȥϵĶ𣬻Ҫٸʮģ˰ӡƾ֤
޳дĵӷŵǰӡࡣ
һμĲЩ棺ҲҪӡţǰֻǩʱŰ֣Ҷ˵ӡɲ㰴ġ
޳ԲһЦƭʶͦѽ˵öԣӡ㰴ͻţֻЩƺַ֡ľûˣ㰴ӡͱʾѾ˹ǮˡҲΪ˷ֹЩ˻ͷ˻ȥ¡Щ
ԭˣǿǵܵҾͰˣ˵ҾͷˡȻ
︶ǮĴָذ˸ʺӡˣ㿴𣿡
޳ӿһۣͷˣӡͦƯ
ѽ⺢ӿ˵һӡܿòÿһμ˿ӡÿģеߺµذڰ֣ת޳һģǸ߸׳׳Сô
ѽֻæѣͲˡ
øϽȥˣɫˣ͵߶䣬ԺͲУŮͷ߻еΣյģϻãһӿɶˡȥСЩлл
￴޳Ĺġ
УǴҾȻȥˣлѡ
޳ĵĻůůģоһȥ˲١
ȥɣϽȥ֣״Ʋͷ
޳ȷ֪Ƿеĺģ΢΢ͷʾ󣬵ͷȥˡ
￴޳ӴʧӰŻţһȥԼͷྡ
ﵨҲ̫˵㣬˵ͻΪǸӵСأû뵽˸С˵ġ
ү̸ˣҲᶫһĸпжȥϣŮ޶ɲ͵óôûļҵ׵ģǲҲôô
Ҳǡ


80 Ů
Ҷļ˻СʱɨɾŹȥ˻ؼҡ
ŸߵڣͿһȺΧߴߴģȺʱʱŮĿͳ
ǻؼұؾ֮·˶ҶĺҲȥɴվΧˡ
ʵڳֵʲôŵҶһ䣺Ƿʲôѽôֵ󣿡
ǸͷβģͷҶģ֪ҶҲסһƬģҲϾ°ɣҲס
ҵͷСŮȥһһ˼ǶСѾͷ˵úǻ˼ҵүǸزɵģҪȥˣܸɸɾسҴŮͬ⣬ⲻͳˡ
һϧֱΪСŮϧ̯ôѽ
ھӣŮҶ֪֪ǶܸͦɣҲ
⣬ǷʲôôͻȻ¶ˣ
ҶľãҪʲôǮ£²ҲпԭϾͨϰռУ̫ˡ
һҡͷʲô£ⲻֻŮǾ;ŮϣҲи׸Ǿ˵ÿֶֶǸöĵģǷ˶Ǯﴵ磬ߥϺŮǮ˵ʲôԺϺϣҲ֪ϺôģŮš
续һ˸ȫ۱ˢһ飬ôôôĸѽԼŮֶۣܿסĻծ𣿡
ҲͷԷ
ȷʵǣСŮŮֶĶͽ̬Ժ󲻵ϺûռϺҲƣϺûô֮ٽϺϳȥ»ôһ˻಻壿
ѵһ˵໰žͦеһĶãһעȺм̬չһߺ졣
ɲҲ֪Ϻզġ
ʱҸŮﵽһµĸ߷壬ҶվȺ֮ⶼҴŮЪ˹
СûôСǻ˼ô㲻֪øϣˣٰɽȥڿŸǰɣ
ԼС󣬺˫ۣһߺ޵ؿԼĸס
벻׸׵ôģԼ֪ԺҪˣƽƴسȥһƸɣΪܸ׶ܵǮԼü˺ײù
û뵽׾Ȼ˽ŸʮСȥůѾͷͷΪǮȥø绹ծ֪Լ׵ЩǮͱȥø˰ɡ
뵽;ĿʹôأѵԼһλöû
ϺԼŮȻҴ֮ͥôԼ˵ǵͨ죬־壬ӾԼֶ˵öԣŮǮİǡ
ҪǸǮҲȥź˼ң˵ʲôʲô¼ĶǮ׬˼ӵ˵͸һȥźүȥ
ϺָݺݵָԼŮһһǮ¼Ķ·ԵĲԼŮɱˡ
Լ̫Χ۵ȺҲȥ׷׳Ȱܡ
ҵܵܣ⻰˵ùˣô˵ԼŮģСԺôţ
ѽ˵СҲǰ׳԰׺ȣҼҵһЩƿɶɵģһҲܸ׬Ǯˣ˵ѽ
ɲǣֶʲô㲻֪زɴۣȥĲǷһծܸϣ㻹ǶΪԼŮǿǣ˭˵ŮͲܸأ
ΧȺһһȰţͼϺ侲ϧϺţǼ⣬ﻹýȥֻ˶ҪŸɣϣúãƵģۻɨ㣬ͼ˶ߡ
Щĸεľͼҹúǰɣ˵ЩҹʲôСĻȥϹĹۣһȺͷĶ
ȰܵвٱϺɨ򵽣Ҳˣ˼ŭۺĸмڵù㣬ģ˸ϣҲ䣡tui
û˵ƽװ򣬻ϺȺ֮һȻң״ϽҶĺԼ뿪սȦ
续վӻҵĳ棬ؿڣߵһҶĵ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ̫ˣ
ĸȷʵټ
Ҷ˵ţΪҽѹȴֲ֪ȥǡ
磬ǡ续ҡҡֱۣ취ѽ


81 ս
ʱͷ綷ҡ⣬ôѽʲôȰҲȰͨ㿴ȰܵЩˡ
ðɡ续Щʧر졣
Ÿ绹δɼңͻȻȥ˼Ů˵µñ˼˵лҽõҲãҲȻˡ
˳Ȼɡ
ҶİæҲֻ֪֣վΧţϾֻ˼ҵļ£óȻ֣ԺǱϺֶŲɣȫ߲֮С
ǻȵȵȵİɣ˵޳а취ӦҲˡ
Ҷ˼죬Ҳû뵽취˵仰˳ǽǶˣû취ӿ꿪ʼվ˲һˣ۵ûš
˳һʱͣǳû֣Ҳûȥ٣ھôš
޳ţ򣬼ϵ˱һЩΪɴҶڳԷûأߵм䣬ԼҷǱߴµ
¼£޳ӣӿٶȡ
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Ǿ͵ȵȰɣڴҶͷϣý
޳˵ţͳһѹӡ
⣬ģҶĿľٶЦá
ҲǵţиǲҲҶԼҲȥץһѣţϸྐྵӡ
ոսĻҲɣôó
޳һ߿Źӣһ߻Ǳߵ״Ҫۣ࣬úá
Ҳţվø߿ԶȦڵ״
Ǳ߼սԽԽ࣬Ϻ붯ֿ֣Сеɨ㣬ֻš
续Ϻ״̬е㵣ģЩսˡ
޳㣬㿴ϺˣҲˣ˵ˣȥƵð
޳һҲеҲûУϺҽ˵¾͸ˣЩΧȺںͲս˺ⲻˡ
޳һȦһӰվԶԶҲΧۣ˹ȥ
С磬ҪȥȰһ°ɣٳȥϺҪˡ
ΪСˣСǰով޳һϵеǼ
СҲסһģֵ߳͹һ񲻾ٹٲ죬ҲóȻ֣޳ǰ˵ˣҲͲΧˡ
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޳ɽǰǺˣС¼Ҳָƣһֱмӣ޳һ˵£Сһȭ͹ȥˡ
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СŵģҶٵøӣȻûˬ죬ǿϺӣҲԼ˵ýȥΣɢԻؼȥˡ
ɢȥСűһĽٿһһϺ̾˿
ϺĻҲ˵ˣһ仰ףҲײԼ׹ŮԼŰɡ
С˵꣬ҡͷˡ
Сߺ޳ҲǣţƴϺſ߹
죬̧ͷһ޳˦ţ޵ıӰӿһͷ
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ҪﻹھͺˣﻹڵĻͺˣ϶а취ֹġ
ðοһڻ˯ţŽ׼ؼ˯þϾıŵúˡ
˭֪ϺȻš
˼Ű壬ûƶֽϺϺװǲӦ
ʶ״ҪԼãֻоȫ˳ȥ׵ÿŰڵء
޳һ˻˼ң컹ûץʱιţιţ˵ļˡ
һڣ֮ǰյĴͶ˷
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޳ЦžСƱվкСȻܲ


82 
ҶĺҲͦģҲվ˱
һٷ͸ɵ˴̳ӵľƣ޳Ŀһ£ӣٿãûа˿ӣ۷
Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣҲͰˣû뵽续ҲһԱͽ
ۼ续һﵹƣǵģΪ续˵һ̫֮СŲˣԸ˸޳æ续Ҫȳһ㶫ɣҿ˲٣ˡ
续ڰ֣ںƸˮһˡ
˵꣬һƾֽ˶ӡ
һ㲻ģԼż˹سţù־Ȳյܺ·յġ
޳֪յʲôľƣҶ֪ô˵ȵؿ续
续𣿡
ѽյӿɴҺҸˣҽǴ
续ҶôȾƣɴ౧̳ӶŴ
忴ֱҡͷҲûֹҶԵòˡ
޳ҶĳԱˣ¿Ӻ졣
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ɡ
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ΪԼ޳أϾԼ¶մ˾ͻϵںøϡ
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˸ôܲôأ
޳֪ôοΪĶҪֹֻȥ˵ȳԶɣøұţ¸
޳֣һᣬСĵؽõݹȥлл
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ôæҲ֪Ժǲڣһܲæù
ȷʵǣȻһСǸϼ١
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忴Լһƹӣֹȥù̳ӣһˣ˶ˡ
ž̳Լһڣ˻̳Ӳŷ̳Ѿˡ
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Ҷļ״ҲЦ续Сá
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嵯һĶͷˡ
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ˣֻҪԼöǩǩ֣͵ϣԺ׾ͲԽ޳ø˵ůѾͷԼҲ׬Ǯȥ֡
õǮȫףǻ֮һ˭˵Լİ䲻ǣҲ޳˵֮Σ


83 
޳ڵļˣû뵽뷨סˡ
ǶûӦΪ鷳æ͵ǩȥӡҵˣҲϡҪ鷳Ҳû
޳˰̫ѨΪµ״еЩͷۡ
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޳ԼԭԼȱˣҲ֮Σ
˵꣬˵Щʲôæ֮ǰڣǽˣҲС
޳ô˵ˣҲ֪޳ΪԼã˵ʲôͷ
ˣɫˣøȥ续ȥ컹ҪϹأ̫ģȥ·ȥϴ˯㷿˯
޳վŴңѷУԼʰϵĲо֡
Ҷ⧲޳ġ뵽޳ǣֻϷ̣Լҷ̵֣ظ˵
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á
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ҶĵͷҽãζҪ޳˯һͷ뵽Ҷľе
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84 
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85 
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Ҷĵһξڽõеģڶ첻ϹĻԺ޳´һ
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86 
޳ܾҽ岻õķԼֲ꣬ǳıӵǮû
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ĸ޳̬ȼᶨҲ˵ˡ
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ҶĿ޳Լˣ¸ˣǲԾþæ˹ȥ
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续죬һ£Ǳˡ
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޳ͷҶĵ׼ȷ˵ǡ
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ҶͷͼԼ޳ľǺ󱳾Ű壬ܶ㵽ȥأ
롭㡣
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ס׾£ﻹʣ
޳ûܾ̽ǰһ£ҶĻû㣬֪ҶͬˣͷĴ
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Ҷɻ۾޳Ц˫ۣıԽ
޳öͷġ
Ҷģ
ҪȻأ
ٶ˵µùУҪȻ󡣡
޳
ҶĿЦ˫ۣҲ̲סЦᴸһļ򣺡㰮֣
ֱˡ
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Ҷˡ
ſ´һ˫˫Ŷ˳
续ԺſڿŴװӣҭֱۡ
̫ˣǰӻǹ
һ¹ͼԼſڷۣΪڸ֣߹ȥ续ĺ󱳾һơ
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续˿һۣʣµİ磺԰㣬ֻаˡ
Ϊʲôڼ𣿡Űӣȡ
ڣǽֻҪԼȥ
续ƨɽȥˡ
壺
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Լĺף续ʣİû롣
԰ӾͳԳ԰£ܳԱС
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
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Ҷεؿ⡢Լ𣿡
ﲻˣ
ⲻѾˣ£˯һôˣ
һ̸޳Ȼ̫еһЩ
Ÿոȷϵǣǣ֣סһ£Ѿˣ㻹һ˯
ҶĹ޳ģߵķףȶףףȻ˯һġ
Ȼ֮ǰҲ˯һ𣬵ʱ˻ֻѲǡ
ҹҲûط˯ûƽôġ
𣿡޳һɻ
ȻˣȻȻǸ˵ңûгף
ðɡ
޳ҶĲЦӣֻԼͷһͷˡ
ҶĿһ˵ӣ΢΢
ͦˣеɰ
޳ػص䣬ͷ˼⡣
ôͲһ˯أ
˯ͦõ
Ů˰Ʊ䣡
޳ͷƲֵصڴϡ

ڴһ죬֪ڳʱ¡
˿ˡ
ڶ޳θҶ˼ѵˮͲ˵ˡ
˸øﻹǸֻ֮ճգ续Լ롣
޳¾ãȴ˻ҳһࡣ
ձ꣬ڶũһҹ֮ʧңֻٲֵ˼ңһųһ


87 Ӫկ
ЩҴһͬˮߵģֻռ԰ûڹˮ֮УΪ
޳³ȥδʱһЩһЩ
Щʱʱ˼ҪӴǰͶݣ޳뵽ĵƣˮֻüҶ˵һʰ塣
޳򷿵ʱ򣬴˭Ҳûߣ˴ֻ֪Ҷڽõ޳£Ҳ˵Ҳû뷨
Ԭڣû˸˵޳ҶĵлϾѺȥδҲ̫ˡ
ò޳ΪҶĵõ˲ŻⲻҲǹڵģէȻ޳Щ档
޳ﲻæѽ
æأڵæ¡
⣿ǷʲôҲûʲôϲҪţﵾҲûոʱѽ޳кĴһĪ֪ԡ
޳ƺһһֻ֪ͣ͡
꣬˵ʧأƱҪһЩһˮǽҲϼ꣬һƬҲ̫Σ˹һʴ峤ǣش󣬻׼źá
ȥ˵˵ôȷʵǸЩ׼
˵ʹҴˡ
ԭסˮˮǵ£Сʱ;
Ҳһҹ꣬˴ӡ
ʱģҹȻ˯ţҲû˻
ʱǡҹ˫ŴصʱŷִˮѾСȣ߾͸ˡ
ҵʱƻߵģôˮͷһЩ·϶Ҳˣʱé޶˲ϣ˯еһٴֽɡˮȥˡ
ֻ̫ܰȥš
ϧ̫ˣƵ͵Ǽ˼ңֻӳˮģųţΪ̫ڿȽ·ߵˮӻˮȥûˡ
ʱʮ꣬ǵõʱڵߵһ˼Ҽȥһϣ֮ǻ˼ҼĺԽԽ࣬ÿһһȥû
ֱʱŹһۣܿˡ
ǵõʱֽŶˮݵ÷׷壬ȫʪյġ
ٺǴļɥ£һŵĹײڴڣЩѴ˲ڶİ֮˵ҲΪ
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峤̾޳ļ򣺡ˣһᾡ찲ȥ̵ֻЩ˻СʱЩ΢ʣϣ㵽ʱϡ
ӦõģˮҪǲҲǱ˵䣬ˣЩ׼ûаģֻԼ׼㡣
޳Ҳδѵ£һЩ˵ܻЩ鷳
Щ£ûϣȻǧĺãҪһΣûϻ¡
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峤ԽԽõҶ޳Ǹȷѡˣѽ˶Ȳء
ãʱҾʱȥˣֻҪܰæģ峤˵
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壬ǱȽĵģϾҶĵطңĴҲܺãǼʱδһл롣
ôõĵطôˣҪúػǡ
޳ʹڴסˣûµˮۣȷˮλߣпȥɽ죬ʺϰӪկ
Ҳ֪峤ôʹģ֮ûգһԾɽϴһƬ׵񣬴ʲôӣҲһһĲϣ֦ĿϣټӵȸѹŲ÷紵˶ѡ
ҸһЩʳɽЩũҹֱӽ˩ɽϡ
գ޳ճˮȥյߣ޳ͷԼղڰߵĻп̶ߵľһСûˮ
ˮǡ
޳̧ͷ죬ȻգҲҪӡ
޳ȥ˴峤˵һ
ˮˮҪǵˮɽˮγɵģ⼸һ궼ûУɼǵˮǣŵµĺˮǣٽˮ֣⡣
峤̫޳˼˵ʲô
ֺߣ߲µģڣд˲Ҫ˽Ӵ̫࣬ҪסһڵĶһҪˡ
峤޳ô˵˳ˮ֣Թĥˣ
ãҽȥš
鶼˵ˣȴýŻҪ͵ɽϸ£󲿷ִ޷ܵģ֪޳⣬ЩĴ񣬺޲һһĭ޳
ˣֻȥݣֻҪϵ̫ӵģ˭ὫֱӾ֮أ


88 
ⲻǵѪ
һʱ䣬޳Ҫ˵һһ
޳ʤֱӸһ䣺Ǿͽӽ£ʱҵȥԼҪߣĻҲɣ
޳⻰˵òνģ侲ϸϸһ룬޳ЩȻ⣬Ǻ޳ҲûʲôôѽܸòҪˡ
޳ˣ˶֪
Ȼϲ̫ͬ޳Ҳû˵Щʲô
վˣ⧲绹Ǵ죬ҲͽݳԸĹͷƺں춼Ҫһ
һΣȼʮǰһα껹ҪһЩһҹʱ򣬻ͣơ
ˮǣ΢һũͷȫˡ
ÿһ׼㣬ʱ̶ˮλũﱻ壬ݱˮһ
˾ۼɽϣŵǻǵһƬˮӿ޳ĸж
Ҳ֪ʲôʱͣ
ѽȥǴҲʧء
ÿ޳ҪϢǰ׼ˡ
ѽѽǵÿ
˴˶ɡµɽˣֻɽּ֮࣬׵磬޳ֽ˼˽ɢտĵطȥʵڲо͸˼Ҽ
ͶļױǰһԼòڴҾһ޳Ҳġ
ֽ㣬Ե㶫ɡͷݸ޳
ҵƵͣͱˡ
Ϣڱ֮ǰת˼ʲʧ޳ķڷ޳ǰ;
лˡ޳һϣͶˣҲ־˹
ͣˣҪô찡ƧģٸȼҲȲ硣
ʧҲûٸӦǲģͻȥ̽̽Ϣ
޳ͷ룬ԼʮûȥˣҶĸõĻ˰ɡ
Ͱ޳Ĺǣ޳˵Ҫߣ»Żš
ҪߣЩˣ
Ϣǵóȥ̽꣬𴦣ر컹ô꣬Ǳ߲ǾԮģ˵ߵ۶õȥ֣ԾȣԼעЩˮûĶҪҳԣϴעɽ˶ȲˡпվͶտЩ
޳һΡ
ֶǲ˭ҲһЩ˻ҲϴֱöԣֱӺˮȻòãҲû˵˼ңڲһˣǣһȫý
޳ҪȥϵѾҲ˵ЩʲôֻӦ
޳ͷɽ·ˣ·Ѿˮˣֻɽ·ߡ
޳ߵĵģûע⵽Ķ
ҶʮûƼ޳Ҳĵ
õϢ֯ĻȥھˣҶ˵һʱļ١
ڼе첻޳쿪ʼǽĴ꣬Ҷ֪ԼӣֻÿվԺſ
գҶΪԼֵȲˣŽиãԼش忴ûߵԺţͿڳ˸ϤӰ
޳ˣҶľϲӭȥ
ˡôʲôϽȥô죿
޳üͷҶơ
ǣʡġ
ʵǴ󣬻зǰҵش޳ǴִɡҲʪ˸͸
ҶҲûõȥ紵µĲ֣ȫʪˡ
ϴĵطֻһҶĹ˲Լ·Ҵææ޳ȥϴ裬Լܵȥ
ÿ죬Ҷĳ޳ûݻѡ
ʱ޳Ҳ跿
ˣȺȣ
޳Ƚζ̫壬ҪһȸҶָôʲôġ
ǽʱͬգݲ˷ʱ䣬һھһ롣
Ҷ֪Ƣԣʲô£Ž޳Цֵ˼ûУĵһЩ
ˣ
Ȼ꼾Ҳ꣬ģʮ·ݻб꣬Ҳǵһμ
ãˮﶼˣֻɽŵĺػһЩȣ°ճɶûˡʱˮѾ͵ңһʮ໧˼ұˣǰ׼ֻǷӱˣƲʲôĶתƵɽϡ
޳˵һ£ϵϢ
򣬻߱ıĵطΣ
Ҳ̫ãӶȥˣЩҹһѹȥûµģǾͷżٻˡ
Ҷ޳üҲеǳ


89 ˮ
޳˹˱ڻĬĬ滺Щܵѹ
Ҷ޳ϤζһֱŵҲƽ
ŵСҲȥ˲٣˵ҲȥˣҲв˶ǲ֪Ǳôˡߵ˶ȥ˲٣Ҳ֡
ģҶ˵ȥˡ
Ͷȥ˸أҲȥˣãǿֻܾаţݸǱߵ
һ¹ϵشһʲôʱܵ˭Ҳ֪
ãϸ̰٣Ǿֻеķݡ
޳֪е̾˿û£ǼﻹһЩҲвٻܹȥġҾ¡ߡ
ҽ̫ˣֲߵĴȾʶҲòС
ֻҪһ˲ģҪľ˵
뵽޳ͷۡ
½ңڴҲãһҲģһȥҲֻסɽˡ
﷿λòߣȻûˮ͵ˮλҲԶˮһǣʲô϶ߴܣסҲ
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ҲãǵʱֵøɻˣľͷʲôģҪչ˴Ĺ¹ˣˮȥָòˡ
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ÿڵţеһЩŲþõ߲˹ȥò֮УŰȥˡ
Ϊ޳ȥϵܻʱʱؿ޳뿪ʱķ򣬿ϧǸطֻбĲҶʲôûС
һμԼҶôģΪΪסɽϱʲô񣬵ĵö߲סذ
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׷״ڳȥ޳֡
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أϲ𣿡
˵絽Ҳȥˣ
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Ҳԥ
ͷ˭Ҷеһӿʳˮˣǿȥġ
޳ǲһ˵еʲô˲֪Ĺضٸ͵ֱŶȥȳҪǶˣ޳ƽһܲˡ
˸żʱһֱעǸһ޳ҶЯӰ
ˣ޳ˡ
˳ָŵķȥ濴޳æΧȥ
޳ģǿˣǼҾҪˣóˮûţϽ
ѽѽ˶֣࣬һ˾ͳɣȫ
޳Ҳû뵽ˮô죬еİϱܣԼɽȥᶫ
Ķ󲿷ֶ޳ȥϣֻʣЩЩһЩʳࡣ
˻һ˾͸ˡ
żĶ˶ʱʰļ£޳л
лллл鷳ˡ
ǰڰ֣ʾӦõģԻȥˡ
Ҫ˵лҲǸлǣҪһοʧء
һֱ£˳èȴͣҲ֪øʲô
޳ʰһطճá
˼꣬ǳʪģȼ
û취޳ֻóȥǿһ࣬Ҷӡ


90 ؽ԰
һ꣬죬ڵͣһ˿⡣
ʱĺˮѾɹﳬһũ͡
ɽɽ˴ССļһ˰ǿӡ
Ȼͣˣɽϵˮشۣ峤ĿˮλǣڵϿɽµĹ⾰ĵð̾
峤޳ڴ峤߶¡
ˡ
峤˵̶תͷһ޳
˵޳־˴һΰһ˷š
Ȼ˵еǣǿ֮Ž˲٣ҲΪһεǰ׼˻ҪȻﲻ֪ʧöء
Ȼ΢һ㣬ˮȥӦҲ죬ˮȥһ̣ҿ϶ģȲذȥֻӸոձˮ͹ײɹ˵Ӳá
ҪУܲһֱסɽϣҲǳõİ취㿴ЩСˣɽϳԲ˯õģۼžͲǰˡ
峤̾һš
ˮȥĵһ죬๸˻ȥˮߣɾˣʯҡۻƷʲôģðѬһѬɹϼգˬɾˣûбζסȥ
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⼸գɽ֣ͦҲˣһյĻ첻ߣ峤ӡ˲١
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˵öԣֻҪû£ģҪ

ͣˣǱ߹ԽԽ࣬в˳ɽ·ߵ壬Ӧֵʳԣõ˵
ɿﱻݵ÷ƵĴӣһЩʳˡ
һݵСҲ涨Ҹ롣
޳Ҫߵ޷ӣرЩСģв̣Ƿ˲ʳǴ·ϳԡ
ⱾǺ⣬޳ҲΪĸģ֮󻹴źӣӦҲ۰źӵģʳʱ򣬰ӵһЩ
޳ôҲû뵽Լֻǳȥ𣬾ޱѻĳ档
죬޳һĿ֮󣬿Ժʣ޶Ĳϲ񵶱ȥˡ
Լɽвٳɫľã˳ɽɽǱȥˡ
ɽã޳ɽ䴦
ɽ䴵ɽ磬Ҷĥ޳Ų̫Ǿܶ죬߹ȥ㿴ô¡
ɲˣ˾Ǹոմ뿪һĿڡ
ߵԽԽ
ûõĶʲôԣûܵܶ𣿡
һξ룬޳ô̶̶˵Ҳ̶лкĿ
ܿ죬˵һΣղŵļº࣬Ǻǻʲôϡһ
Сԣ޲ޣСԣСˡ
кĿȥȻˡ
޳û˵ʱ򣬸˵ּ


91 
˵ĹȻûרҵģԴ㣬ûһ˳һ֪ԣ˳㻹ʲôȻǸǮģ˶Ҳ֪ܵܳԣôԲ㣡
˻£ŻмƳģСŮƺ
޳׼߹ȥʱִһӵˣ˵ʱǮɣҲǸûõģѵϸɵǮģҲ֪޵òһЩЩԵ㣬ʲô᣿¸ҪҪǮʱ͸Ǯһ¥ȥɣ
˱˵ˣʶСŮ˵Ļˣֻ޺޵ȥ
Сۣ˻ֻһ㣬СŮ̲סֱۣӿһ߿һ߻Ӷ˫˺۵Сȥ˵֡
ۣˣģԺõĳʳҶܵܣˣˣۣң
޳ȥˣӹսǳȥһĿڵ״ֱ̬ײ޳С
СŮڵϿ޺ţСϺˮϱ֮ǰʱ˼ӡǸΪĸһӶصǸΪ׵ˣһԿűӣСŮ޶ԡ
ϵĶ޳ֵĵʱʶɿˣ޳ʶ޳װȰӣֻһз̫죬ϵıлòɹԵª
⡢㣬ԭǺˣ֪ʲôأ⡢ѾͷֱŤأء
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93 
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ȵ޳ֵʱҶĸоԼҪϢ޳ĻС
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ѽǼСûī˵ʶˣǰӡС
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95 
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޳ϸϸ˵һЩŵҲѧ档
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96 
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һڿӱߣͷϴТеӦ̬Ȼº͡
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97 
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ֱӰʧҰ֮ڣִյ޳ߡ
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СҲ뵽һ磬һԸͷ
޳ǵһ˵۽磬뵹Ҳ⡣
ûп˵һ죬޳һʽֿʼ˰ѻܲùͲԵˣ뵽Լļƻǰѵһأȥȥˡ
ǡ
磬Ҫȥ𣿻ȥҪȥãҲȥҪȥҵС飬޳㡣
־ܵ־׵鷿Ҳ鷿ﻹмˣСžһ
־һεؿԼСܣҸ鶼òˡ
־׻ӻʾⲿ¶ȥԼСܵգһࣺҸ˵˶ٴˣҪţôǲס
ѽֲʲô£´עˡ־ձˣ˫ҲҪȥ־׵ϧ־ֳųģ־ôҲ
ŵܵ˺һ־Ц˲ŷſ֣ˣҪһȥϣˣֿûô棬·ϻᷢʲôֵΣδ֪ġΣأҲ£
СּҴȥǻһ˿ּ˼ţе·ֻԼ߹֪С뷨ֻȸ֪գǻȥΪǣҲȥԼ̫࣬Υ֮¡
ҲΪʲôּܹڶ̶̼ʮ֮ڣÿһ˲ű
ѽҴӦ޳Ҫȥģ꣬ҹȥĸȥ޳㡣ԣ᲻ȥ򰡣
ڣߴˣ鲻أֽصϷĳȥ߿ĵطͿƸ·ȥ򣬿ĸݷһ޳㡣
ĿǰҪȵޣݸǱ߰ŵΣؾȥ
վеģϢҲòʱ˭Ҳ֪Ǳôˡ
ǺðɣôҪһȥȵһһ
־Сһ
־׿ȥ꿪ʼͳ춮˲ٵĵܵܣοصͷУҵʱɹ˲㣬ԼԼ
ãʲôȥ׼־׼˵ú޲Լ¾ͳ˫ɹȥ
ʥּߡ
һ£գϲŽԼٽȥһس˴죬ȷѡʥּӦò̫١
Ȼʥּˣ־׽ʥּʹŶ뿪ǣϷ
һ¿̲ݻһ·Ͽνҹ̣˴²Ÿϵޡ
һ̣־׸о˫ȶԼˡ
վڵϣ˫ȶ̲סֱ־ŤŤ˼Ÿоһ㡣
һͣظݸĹԱһ˽һߣŲȣ治ɫ
·˰µ·˲һ
Ҵ硣־̾


98 
־ﲻǹԱֹԱڣ˭Ҳܲ˸˿ţԼܻؼҼ˸ĸһ棬˸ͣܣָ游ѹſһΡ
ò״游͸ֱĸһϡ

޳Աڽ˼·ֽܵŷɫףŷŹǣԼȥýˡ
ֽҲ̫˰ɣҸоҪˡСŷ˫һſС
ҲҪˣŮôôܣһֳźһֺݺݰŷ۵߹Ǵ
ɲǣҿɫҪܲˣܼȦ޳Լ缸һӣ;ᡣ
û滹ô˵Ů˶ˣ
˵ϻȥҪȣҪȻ켡ᣬҪôѽСͷ
õ죬ھҵȾͺᡣ˴ȣǰŲ
˵˵ǲѽ
Сһȡ
ȥҲֻôˡ
⣬ô֪
ҲҲǵһ˵
ţƵٶŲ˲ϳԷ޳˵ȣ˼첻Ҫ塣
Ҳȥ޳ɵɵС˵ģ档
ӵĹͷͰӲȥ˻һۣǴʲôĬһҧͬʱ
һ̣ɲڵأۿᡣ
ʹСȥС顣
ϧСþ۵ͨ죬˵
޳ڽſڵҶģһЦӭͼҶ䣬ҲЦˡ
ôˣüģ
޳ǰҶĵ֡
续ͳЧں޳һ޳΢΢ͷʾ⣬һСܵ޳һ͡
޳㣬˵꣬ˣǷ˲·Ҫ͹ȥ˵ҪȥԶĵط֣ҪҪһȥһȥĻʱסһиӦȥҲСЧ˵ȥҲеȥĽȥ𣿡
޳ͷȥҶģ룬һ°ɡ
޳ԼȥģַĲҶģҲ֪Ҷοġ
УҪȥĻճʱڽβغϣȥ续˵꣬ܵЧȥˡ
续ͳЧǰͷ·ڣǺͳЧֿߵʱ续ųЧӻ֣ʾϿȥЧȻҲЦŶ续֣˵𣬳ЧŶ޳Ҷ΢΢ף֮תҵķȥ
޳ֱҶĵļʣ˷չô죿
ҶЦſ˵ĻЦŶ޳ͷš
š˲Żع֪ұϸš
֪ѽȥҾͿ޳续ĸǴǺ«
ô죬һ֪ġôûңҶĳԾ
Ҳûʲô˵İɣҪܳɣ֪ġ
ôҶĻǾò̫ġ
޳˵ûõӦһҶģȸղŻ䣬̧ͷǰ߱ı续ûлͷƣٵͷҶһڡ
µضԺʲô˵ġ
Ů˼ϸ壬޳꣬һ˼֪Ҷʲôˡ
Ҷ򴽣š
͵͵ģ޳һ£һɣ˾ͺá
续ΪܹͳЧһȥֶеģһ·Ļ˼ҾͿʼʰȥ޳ҶĲˣ˼ӶԸġ
޳˷续Էʱ续ŰӳԵÿġ
޳û취ֻԼȥˡ
Ҫȥ𣿡
޳Ҷ²ߣ˸ȡ
ȥǡҶеԥҲ֪ȥܸʲôȥûܾҲˣҪǸ˼鷳˼ҡ
ҶԼ˴õó֣֮⣬УӾҽҲֵ֪ܸʲô
޳ľᣬ¾ЦˣΪʲôرҪء
ֲֻжҽкܸɣȥǱߣæӣǼҳȥҲǿԵġ㲻Ӥóǿ
޳˵꣬һ£ֵⳡôأ˵ܶСʹʧȥˣԺֻӤóǱߵӤ˵ҪǱûӤã½ɶˡ
ҶһҲǣˣȥ𣿡
ȥѽôܷһȥ


99 ֧Ԯ
Ҷ޳ô˵ûסЦˣֻůůġ
žýķ˶㡣
극ϴ裬ʰ˼ϴѣ
ڶգ޳˶緹뵽ˣҲû˵ղ꣬ɵɵȥţɫ磬ܵȥˡ
˯𣬱һ󼱴ٵˡ
˭ѽô硣ߵһţȥţȥš
Ųأ۾ûȥСȥ
ⷿʱͼ˾˸д̵ͨģǵҲûʲô˼ɣպ˯һˡ
С붯ߺһװֱһţ𣿿ţ㣡
Сֻĥĥˣ˭˵ССҲСģִ򲻹
һ´С͸ˡ
Ȳļʹѣÿһ·˿ļݺţߵнżĵطʹĸоǽһˬ
СȲʹĥޣ뵽Լ·ŤӣеЦ
ˣСһţ޳ͿһҪ޲ҪЦЦӣϵıǽһӡ
޳
⵹ùզˣ
ֽ㣿ôˣСŵ޳һ£òʱıôͽϹȥ˰ɣ
ҲڣҪȥ֧Ԯȥ˵ǱЩ⼸ͲˣҪһȥĻǼӹǮ𴲳ʱڽβϣȥĻҲû£Ҿǹ˵һǲ֪ȥſڸɵš
Сӻûѣ껹һ㶣á
ʲôҲ֪޳һãҲ֪ûУŻȥҶ𴲳緹ҲͲС˵һܻȥˡ
ôһڣҲ˯ˣСʡ
˭ѽʲô
ֽ㣬˵⼸첻꣬Ҫȥ֧Ԯȥȥ
Сڴߣ˳һȥ
أ׷ʡ
СŶ˵ȥĻӹǮھҪ𴲣ʱҪȥβȥ
С˵ԼСӾ׼˯һ˼ϣ˯ʲô˯Ͻ
СԼļͷίҸʲôֲϹ
ˣһŮ˶ȥˣһүǺ˼ڼ˯˯㣡
С˸ûסСƨһš
˵ĶЩϵļ⣬ʹϾӿ
ԲۣʹϵļⶼŤһš
һ۾Ʋߣ۾
һЩСʱѾ·
ȲȻʹҲǲ̣ҧҧû
һͨæңʰˣȥͷ͡
ͷ޳ŻصͼҶѾˡ
ȥĶˣϵġҶĶʡ
ȥˣȥȥ޳ҲûԹ¾սپ
޳Ϊȥ֧ԮֻнõԱԼҶĵļû뵽˴ڣ˻ͦ࣬ˡ
޳ֹ
޳˳ķȥƼһԺ߻йһ֮ԵĻԺ
磬λǰáԺͶ޳޳һǰҲû
ֹáԺͬ޳Ƿģﻹеš
ỤԺĺ
Ҳȥ֧ԮһοɲϴλСɡƥߵ޳ǰĵʡ
ѽҶȥˣҲȥһɣܾȵһһһҲһܱȴڼºáƼ˶ȥ
޳Ҳ֣ҲܲµƼӦҲҪȥģϾõȥˣϵһЩȥ˻û
ЩȥĻ»Ժǲˡ
ʮˣүѾȳȥǱߵʩ࣬˵Ǳ̫ˣ£ֲǹȥάһ򡣡
ȷʵӦȥúķ䲻źáһ˭˵˭ô
޳ţõ˻룬Ҷڵţ޳ҲƵƵмϿҲ֪ȥȥ
ˣôʱѽ޳ͻȻƼţҲǴҶõİɣôͽõʱ䶼һ
㣬Ǳ߹ͦأǼүոսӵүţͱүȥ̸˻͸˵¶ҹƽõҲһ
ԭˡ
ٽƼһԺͽõ˶ˣ޳ҲûˣΪĲȥˣеʧ䣬Ҷ
֮ʣͷŴ޳¶Цݣãûʧ


100 ɽ廬
Զ޳Ҫࡣ
Խؽ磬·ڶйٱأֻܽܳ
޳һ²֪߸طѾߣǷסˣѱûбסĴûдȾԷһ򶼷סˡ
·ߣǵ׷ǰ֣ڳͻȰ˵֮²ÿ
ԽģۼԽ࣬·ߵһЩľƤ·ߵ֮ǰΧӲɣ󲿷˫ɫףźӵĶ͸
ÿѽݸǱ߻û𣿡
续Ĵ⿴ܼˡ
ЩӸĸŶЩٵӤСְĸ׵½󣬶ǵĸͶƼݣرĬĬᡣ
ĳ棬˭ܹ޲
续ֻ޲ԼǧĶʳȫ˹
õȳ͢УݸʳӦǲ̫ˡùϢͨһЩҲΡ
ҪӪׯʳûϵ˴Ҳ࣬Ĵ֣ȥҲҪʱ䡣
սңϷʳҪӦսȥгͨʳʵҲܶ࣬ǮҲһ㹻ʳ
Ϊһҵ鲼ȫصɽׯڸ棬ͲԮ֣ǣʱɣʵƵ統¡
ƼҺͽöʩģ򼯾ͣ޳һҲҶĸԼȥܿ࣬ҶĺͽõʩʲôģԼ˾ĵطȥ
ֵܣҪȥô޳꣬ʴ·С
ȥʯ壬ʯ賿ɽ廬˵˲ˣǰһѾȥˣҲ֪Σٳٲ˻ţǵùȥ
СĨһϵˮҲۡ
Դһǰ꿪ʼûúϢڸܲ̽˾ȲƲϻҪϻ㱨С룬ҪֹԱǳٳٲҲ֪Լܲܳȥ
һһʯͱǰľ󾪴ˡ
ʯǸ壬˿ָǲٵģǰڵϰҪʹȥĴټǱ߷˷ƵʯͷģѵŵһѪˮʹѵ˻Ҳʮˡ
ô£
ССŹȥԼͬš
ͬ˫ۿ޵ͨ죬ʯ飬С޺ʱǰɽֻһΣСǡкЩ񶼱ˡ
Ϊҵ񣬴߳ׯͰȫˣû뵽ŵ·ɽ¡֮Ҳû̫ҶΪţҶûôע⣬ʯһһҾܶܲ
Ųмߵһ٣ǿһʻԼǰʯԼȴΪ
ʯԽԽࡢԽԽ죬û취ֻñܣӳΣշΧȵʯͣʱǰͷѾʣˡ
ҴĴ˵ʲôߣִҪʯͷˣסȰߣճϦദͬҲʯ֮£һֻ֮֮øŴʯ
ڵһһ
޳˼˻ϵ˸ϣ˻Ⱦգһ߸СͬǱܣһ߽Сȥˡ
Сȥģȥ壬˹֣ԽԽãд˻̫ˡ
ҵרҽȻҲ޷ǽоΣȱ;ȳɽʯ֮µΨˡ
СҲȥʯͷ޳ֲΥһ޳չֳԼҪ࣬ǹԹܻȥˡ
ͷţͷûжţˮ۾ֻ۾ɬ޳ϵĶͣ
ɽ廬¸ոշãûбϢļСʱҪľʱ䣬㵢鲻á
λ¹ģ󣬾ΪȺ̫ܼŵ±Աࡣ
޳Ҳ֪Լ˶õʯͷо˫ѾԼĵʱͻȻһƬĶеȡ
޳һ£Ͻˣ˰ˣţ죡
޳һȫΧ˹ְ˽Ž˳
߱ʯͷҵеأȻû˵ͷֽŶһֱŤţϵǲˣѾʧȥʶ
϶ˮѪˮһʱҲϲ˭ȻԼ˺ѣҲ˲Ͽޣ־뽫̧ߣ޳
ȱ𶯣ȥ׵ĵܹڳ˶Ҫõƶ˻ֻѩϼ˪
ԾСʯͷٶȱȲӣæСŵٵĵطȥ١֦


101 ط
ĽõѾʰʩĳ
ҶĽԼĶԱᶼźãŽõһ𵽵ȥΪ׼ϵࡣ
Ҳ֪޳ȥˡҶŻ𣬿ͷԽԽ꣬е㵣ġ
˵Щط־˵ʱ򣬾ԮԱҪˮȥģҲ֪޳᲻Ӿ
续һϴˣҶĵֹ룬һ䣺ӦҲԶҪ˳ĻӦû
ڸʲôҪƽ
ѽֹ￴³çˣӦûµģҶﲻ̫ġЧҲһ԰οҶġ
Ҳǡ
æţİ࣬ͼСҴҵܽ
Сôˣ޳أ
ҶС˼ۣʲôûУһĶ
ǧǧ򣬱ˣҶﰵš
СܵüҶż˵һɤۣ˸
ģ˵ҶļСҲ֪ˣ˲ʲôŮ֮ǰСı
ҶĵİСָܿ뵽֮ǰĿ龰żسҺʯش;ȾԮٱ󲿷ֶɽʯ棬շãʶʲô˵ģϽ˹ȥ˵оȣҪǴ򣬻ҽҲУܾһһ㣡
Ҷһֻú˵ͷһӣ˶µģǡ޳أô
û£ǹȥʱɽʯѾֹͣˣֽͶھˣһȱš
Ҷ޳û£ŸоԼֻ˹
һ׷׷еĻơ
ȥҸƼҵ˿Чȥҹ£Ҵ򡣡续˵ƼǱߵĵܡ
ãȥҹ¡ЧҲˡ
ȥҴ򡣡
ҡҲȥҴҩͯܲҵ
ȥˣ
˵ԼжĿ꣬Ҵҳȥˣһʩǰʯһܾ;ȲˣػһǷֵġ
СҶĲҲʶˣվſеãȻ
ңʲô
С̫ˣһ·ܹ޳Ľֻ޳ĻڻˣԼ֪øʲôˡ
Ҷ뵽ǱԱҪ˿ڵģǵȥҲȥǰ˿ڡ
á

־ﱻڼס죬ﲻע˳Ҵܵңҳﱸ׼ǰȥ޳;֮䣬ѡȥˡ
żҵĶ鵽ʱ־һ۾ͿŰֽͲƥҶĺСϽȥ
Ľ㣬Ľ㣬ȵң
ҶĽŲһ٣תͷѾõּСү
ô⺢Ӳھ
ҶżҲȲ־Ļش𣬴ҴҲһ䣺ˣҪǸȥˣˣпġ
˵̧ǰСţҪС
һҪˣŻͦӣ־ҲĶˣȾȥ׷Ҷġ
Ҳȥȵҡ
־źСںҲûϵСү˵߾ߣҲŸ˹ȥ
ʱ˭ȵÿ˭ȸʯ塣
־ҶġСȵ·ص㡣
ʱ޳Ѿڳ˲ٴ˵࣬вѾû
һЩ˵ģһԻĴ񣬶˾Ԯж֮С
СһЩҶ͸ĻǸϤӰʯ֮ǰæµһֱŵ
˲ϴкҶĺСеͲ򿪣ĸǰϣ˻Ϸ֧ļ񣬲ټ꣬æŸѪĴ
־ﲻЩֻܹȥʯͷ࣬С˼ˣҲøվţææȥ
޳߳°֣°һ־ȥڵµʯ飬˿Ϸʯͷû֧Ż᲻̮һͺȳ˳
ǲɵȰĲ֪̮˭ȵ㣿
޳˵ֱ꣬뿴඼˭۾ˮ̫ãɬ֮дۣǰͱˮһƬҳʱʯͷͻȻֱͷѪǰźڣˡ
˭Ҳˣ¹ش޳Լ˵дתеʯͷˡ
־ûԼһͷĴΣ޳Ǹ޳˵ȥʯͷˣһۡ
־Ϊ޳Լ ЩίЩеתһ֮ɿ޳ϱʯͷǸ˵˿ڡʯĥƵָð˿˿ѪΪԼոյ뷨ϷȣһԵ
Ԯ½½˲٣ڳĴԽԽ࣬ߴĿԽԽԽԽܼ޳Ҳһɱ޲ߵĸоȴҲֻҧ
˫ãˮۣɿ޳һԣҲ˼ͣʱ·С˭ҲûҪϢĬš


102 ײ
˵Ŭ֮£Ĵն˳ֻ߳
޳̱ڵأŴæµš
ʱѾûˣУҲˣΪ˫Ѫģ
Ҷĵÿչ˿ڵʱ򣬿Ѫ˿˫ۣٿմѪʯʮָ۵ø²֣޳ƵƵᡣ
޳ΣֻýеÿյĴ
ûµģܺá޳οҶġ
˳ͲҪһ𣿡Ҷ
޳ʱ򣬾͸Ҫ˫ֲϣָͷͲĥôˡ
޳ȥſ˫§֪ʱ˭Ҳ֪ԱжˣʽȱҲѽģµġ
޳ô˵ˣҶҲ޿κΣҵҲûʲôˣԱиרҵչˣҶıܿ޳˵˫֣§޳
´һҪȱԼȻҾͲˡ
Żе죬޳ΪĴ˸ɢһЩ̲סЦãҪˣͲңҾ֪ҴˣȻǸҵǸˣͲܲˣòã
á
Ȼ޳ǺСҶҲøƽˡ
ʱһСˣŵ˸æſ˴ˡ
С˱ţֻ˸ãû룬ҩ޳˫
޳ǰ˫С˿ڣ˫ȴǿԵҶġ
ҶĿ޳˻Ҫš
㣬ŪҶĽСĶСһС޳ϼˡ
СǺƢϵĶҲûţСͷæģôҲǺúõػȥǣ
ڳľԮԱطģСԴҵİæĻмÿһԱܵչˡ
˿ںܿɾСָϽȥһ
ͣˣҹø·ֻŲһ԰ȫĵطʱ
޳ҶȺԵȺĻѹյߣѾ
עߣ޳Ҷ§Ϣһ°ɡ
ҶľȲ޳һæֵ޳ʱѳŲסˣ޳ĵؿԼ˹ȥ
޳ŵ˫ȷ׼ҶĵͷãҶ˵һ˫ů֡
Ҷ޳Ťȥݺһڣϸ޳¶ȣһӴϵصԭ
е㳤޳ӦţȵҶԼŲס˷ſ˫֣޳Ž˱Ҷĵġ
˯ɣұ㡣
ʲôɣŲ
޳ʱ뷨
ҶۼûþͿ޳ļ˯˹ȥ
޳§ˣҲű۾Ϣ
־Ϣʼ޳˵ǱżҵʹӺԼҵСż˿ڣЩҪͼ޳Ҷ§ǡ
ϼʶּСүֱԭء
СҲˣֲۣԼʹԼӺ𾪣Ҳװûͷվ־󣬲
־ع޳ҶѾӵ˯ȥ־ֻ÷ԭϢ
ֻ޳ҶӵǵĻôҲûлȥ
С˱־̯ƵĶ˯ţֻóүôˣ
ûʲô˯ɡ
־￴һԼС˵ԼȻ˯⡣
С˼־ûҪߵӣֻԼתȥϢˡ
־Լ޳Ҷڵķ򷢴
ǰСʱʱǼһûôã׻һСﵱʱһ˷ˣʲôûֻҪʲôõ飬Ҷ硣
ļѼˣ˵͵ģСˣ͹Ǵ˻ڴȥˣ˵С˵ġ
ɾóȴǣС̰棬Լɽȥ˰ˮ˺ŲģЩЩԼ͵͵ȥңŹݺʹжŮТû˿ԼҳԵˤġ
Щͷ֣һͨŷָͺС޹أ˼δ˵ɷû˵ͬһ𷸷ִ˼ܸСĴӣͣһЩ
Ǻˣʼڸҥ
ٺСˣ˵ȥ߹ˡ
Ϊ߹٣࣬û˼ְ˸Ӵŵ£ҾкܶӵʿҶٶ֪һЩкһ˾ռߣôµˡ
޳ôĽһأһˣ֪֪᲻ῴǣ
Ҫ˺ô죿
޳ĽӦöûб˰ɣԺ󱻱˶ô죿
˭ǳͷѽ
־еǵòУշתֱ࣬Ųס˲˯ȥȫ޳Ҷı˼ҳòҶĳ


103 
ڶһ磬޳ͱܱϤϤˣۣͼʰ׼뿪
ɽ·Ѿһˡ
ػڵ̧ţ˵ԼߣȽŲĴš
ۼŴҶߵòˣ޳ĻҶĵļ򣺡ģˣûȥˡ
ҶĶ˶ӣ˻һʱάͬһƣߵӵĶˣһ£ˬֻԼ
޳ǺЦŸҶཀྵסļ⣬ҶվԼŶҶѹû֪İӡ
Ҷļ޳ԼһҲЦˣȥĦ
˶ʰˣܱߵҲֻʣ˼
޳һƹȥţ߹ȥ뽫˽ѣĿŵ˵ϣȳС򣿡
С˴ƫƧֻͼ޳ԼүǰϽǰ
ֹҼүŸ˯ûãм£ûеĻ˯һɡ
С֮ǰû־һȥ壬ֻ˵־޳Ҳҹ֪޳ʲô
޳־˵ҪС˵ү˯߲Ҫġ
޳־µڣҲĴŵС˯ߣߵԶľ룬С˹ȥ
ʲôʱģնûע⵽
޳Сˡ
Сˣ絽ϣҶСү͸ˡ
С˵ţ룬ֲһ䣺յʱСүһܵߣ׼ʯͷͱ˵һ١
СүǳˣԷȴûСүϳСүѽ
޳ҲͺǳһˣСһ˵ˡ
ԭʱٸ˵ɡ޳ûԼòԣһСү¾Ժһ°ɡ
־ﱾû˯ãΧִˣ޳СʱҲˣֻǲ֪޳һֱװ˯ġ
ԼС˽Լѵ˵ʱ򣬾װסˡ
ô飬˵
־һµӵԼСˣС壬
ˡСò֪޳˵ʲô־Ͻ޳ܿȥź־
һͬڻȥ·ϣ޳־Ｘ䣬־ﵱ¾ͲΪѵˣغ޳ϴ
һ·־ߴߴ˵Լھǵʲôʶ˶С飬ʲôļҵСӲ£ǵһȫ޳˵ˡ
ǵ޳Цá
ϣżҵ˵㶫ϢָһҪԮĵطϵԽԽ࣬ŵı˰
ڸʮ죬ֵĴڶӵȫĵط
޸Ǳߣ־Ҳֵʳڶܳһٱ
ؽ԰ˣͲֵܱܹ߳ˣԼʰյж֮иظҡ
ֵһǣֺķ߹òȻ⣬ҲϣֻмС˸Ⱦߣֻ֮и
ؼ·ϣ޳ҶȻŽõʱڳԯϲһһγûʣֱڳϡ
޳ҶĿһ˵
һϣ续ҲͳЧһ𣬾ʮĳϦദ˵ĸֵõ˽һ¡
˵续ͳЧʲôʱٰѽ
ҶĿǰϵĽһӰԼ޳
Ӧò̫ ʮͿԳɻ飬ãֻҪ续ĸĸûϲӦúܿܺȵ
ǳ¼Ҳĸû𣿡Ҷתͷȥ޳
һ˵зҪһЩҪȻŮӼ޹ȥȴżҳĻӭĻӶܿġ
¼ҲĸͿ续ֻ¹Ůûֳ
ô֪Ҷʡ
˲һĵƽҲԣЩ֪ġ
޳ƽЧĸ׵ӣЦ˳ⶼôģĸ֪续ǹϵãֻҪ续пĸܸһЩСʳʱˣĸҲȥˡ
续ʱ򣬳ĸοֻҪ۲ϹǸ˶ܿó
ҶҲЦˣá
ܼ޸õɷĸһİԺ续ӣ϶ࡣ
ȥ֮޳յ˵ĽʮġӰѡֵܡ
ֵܾһξԮеһЩ͸ıˣ˵ʲô޳ġӰѡ
޳ΪǵĸıеˣнӰѡŵ˸С
ϰģܵ˵㻰ǡ
Ե£ֵݼٵʱ򣬴СŶشȥһƬĽĿ⡣


104 ů
־ﱻ־ץһ֣Ͳò޳һ˷ֿ
޳СֵԼϵס͵̵ַԺпֱӵֽдĵطУŵһ飬ŽСá
־Ҳû뵽ԼҵܵôճһҪжûʲôҪΪɵܵǿ޳ˣ־뿪ʱ޳Ǹ
־˰µ·ָžʮ֣ûüˣһһͷرԼҸˡ
˳֧͢ԮǺܿؽ԰Ĺмϵİ𽥶
İٻ̵ҲԽ¡ֵܴǳ׬Ǯζͷݸɣ޳һ仰û˵Ҳпվţȥ°һ߰޳ƶļƻѵһ߲޳ѧ֡
޳ûյʱǾԼǮȥͷβѧԺſ˽̡
ܵöˣҲһЩ·һЩ̸˺ԼΪ̵Ḷ́ʱΪ̹
޳ʼΪԼҴƵ౼еֵۣǰһԼﻹͦ˵ġ
ΪƼ˲ͣǸʱڵĲ
ʱһһյعȥܿ͵ء
ÿأиҵӭһС
õĵһ˲٣Ҷڹµİ֮²òӰࡣ
Ϊû㹻ˣվͱΪʱ׼㹻ĸɲˣİٻС꿪ʼΪ޳òվ̨ߴơǼǣæýŴס
ֱإߣＸ޳ҷһµ٣ҶҲһ쿪ʼ١
°޳͸ֵܽ˵¶ʮ֮ǰĹʣϲֵüЦģϾһʳÿ޳Ժš
޳֮ǰ֮ǰһΣлİ
Ժﻹúͳ¼ĸӣһֵسһͣԵöƤԲ̿Աһ߿һ٩ɽ٩СʱŻ뿪
ϣҶϴ贩¶ų޳ıѣצƵĽ޳ס
޳ε°Ͳͷīǲ¾ܵϰʲôʱܸİ
ԵһѩҶԼһ˯̫䣬ͷռ޳İŴ˿ǵԼʱ˵Ĳ鲻ͬĻ
޳ֵñ˯ֻҶû˵ЩҲѣʮֿĵԼıӣʮǰͬ
Ҷ̧ͷһ޳°ͣһ룬ûз磬˵߻ѣ鷳
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޳ͷ˾ߣ˵Ķ˵ﻹеίң㡣
ҪûסȲô죿
û㹻ǮȥżҴԺլء
Ҷĸоֻèһⲻס
㻹˵ңѵûң
ҶĵĿ޳ĶϣƽʱûʲôڸеĶʱΣڻƵĵƹԵɰȥҶĵȫĿ⡣
ÿɰӦúɣ
ҶţֱӾˡ
ָ⿰ںĶ֮ϣҶľ͸оϵӽһ˲ַܿûǶߵĺԼһЩ
ҶľȤָ󣬹Ȼϵֽһ¡
ߴ޳ƵĻе㰵Ƶ֡֡
ֻô
Ҷ鼫ãе˷ܣѵĿŵظ޳֡뿴޳̲ס˻ô
ᡭȥ޳˵꣬ҶķӦʱ䣬˫ִҶĵһֽסҶĵµ˫֣һȥҶĵĶ
ĸоӶȫҶֱЦӶŤŤ˫ҲŵűӣҪ޳Ŀơ
˵⣬ҶһֱЦţ˴룬޳շȣĵйĪĳ嶯Ҫӿ
޳ֻԼʧ֮ǰ˷ſֽ۽Цȥ
𣿡
ҶЦͣӵɣڱŤøֻһ֡ˡ
ҶЦʵںÿ޳ž;Ųۣͷѵˮһһ£Ȼͷһ࿴ЦϹԼûЦ⡣
ҶЦˣŻȵƽ֮󣬸о֮ķ϶һ͹޳ĻȻȻش޳ϡ
ů
Ҷĸ޳ϴȶȣ̾˿
ţǾͱűţůů
޳һգȷ˲ˣùԶ̽Сϵ͵Ҳ˱ӣҶ˯˹ȥ
һ˯ıѾů


105 
ȻãǳϦҹǰһ죬˻ǻ塣
İٻǮ飬⼸촫塣
޳ҶһصǰĿ˾ﲻʮ˸ʳȻأȷʵ޳ҶĹʱԵϵĶ
޳Ҳһһ
Ǽ״ϵЦݸʢһЩֱϣĲŻָƽ
ҶĴЩЩǳ
Щˣ൱ӦһЩЩʵֵˣһҲǲԣǻһЩԾ͵ˣˣЩҪιԺֻ»ͱ¦ӡ
ʱҶ̲סԼĵǸ޳˵ˡ
޳Цһ£֪ģ˼ͶӵĻֻ˼ҵ͸ǲʹ죬αأȽ£ԺлͰһ£þʹˡûʲôġ
ɵҲûٻ԰ѽ
һµ׬Ǯ£֪ģǵҲôæҲҪ̫ˡ
޳еĲӽ¯֣룬˵Լļƻ
·֮ǾͽﻹȥȻ󵽴ܿûӻ̣ӣٿʱܰˣ͵ǵǰǵĻɡ
ӵĻҪæˣңҲ֪Ǯ
Ļ㿪Ļ㿪߿СһĵҲУġ
ҶһҲǣȷʵˣҲͲˣרĵеʳġ
æһ꣬ȷʵӦúóϼٷʢġ
ͷ죬һһҸ֮󣬾ӭҵСС
ⶬƽ˲٣ƽ׳һЩⶬΪߣ֮ǰ˲٣ɣһ޳Ҷģظ˴к
޳ûôɿɰĺӣûסӱһк˽š
ⶬѾʮˣΪǸˣ⧲޳ʱе㲻֪룬ƵƵȥԼøƽ
ƽȴǿЦ׼Χ
ҪԼʹˣҲùȥŽ޳㱧ĺðɣܱ޳㱧ߣǶĸѽ
ǰ̫æҲû뵽Ӷôˡ޳ⶬԴ̾
ѽ͵ĺӣ˵Ǽ糤Ҳûƽûµʱŷ·һڡ
ϣҲƽĸںЦŸ͡
ҵ˼޳ǵĵûʲôЩ
ȻϽ֣޳ĵ飬֪ģ֮ǰʵҲͦᣬ֮üһӣÿ궼Ӧõģ޳Լб˼
̫ˣһֻҪһܻãҶǸ˴ϹϵֻҪһѣüϲ١
ˣʹк֪ܶ²ʣҲǺƤϴգΪ˲һһ˼Ըأ
ʱ޳˲ʳĺӵķ֮󣬻ʣ١
ⶬ֮޳ʳдӳóŵʾƽⶬԣԼż졣
ҾֻŮ죬ֱƽⶬĸףݾŶҶĽȥæˡ
һģֻҪֲʱҲһŶȵȳȻƨˡ
ݾֻʣҵӺ޳
ӹֱţĵƽѧҵ޳һʣһȫ˵ˡ
ƽʮˣѧϰĴͣȴڴŸũ
޳ž;ϧǴҳ֮Ҳ˵Ϊ
̫ˣֻ˽ӣ˽ռһλһ֮⣬ҪޣֵܵڶЩܻýѧѧϰʸ
֮ѧϰҪķıαȵȡ
ﵹѧãǵʱ򲻹סѧԼⷿʵҲǲġ
һƴɣʱҲѧϰĻʵ̫ߣ۳Ϳ಻ԸȥѧҼҲû취
޳꣬һĺӣЩζ
˵ףֵġ
޳İңĿǰԼʽҲ̫ûаյҲäĿ˵ڣֻðοȹ꣬ȥǴûͯʲôģʱ߶ĿȾҲѧһ㡣
޳Ļ˵֮⣬޳ô˵ϲ޳л
ƽⶬҲµش޳Ϲ
޳ǣ﷢
ùѽҲ֪ôĺӣһģɵۡ
˺ӣԷҶĶõĲˣһ·ߺ󻹸Ů졣
ȸԾһӾͽΪѧҵԵԳƵմɢȥ
ԷԷ޳
˺һӣõӵõӣʢʢܿˣҶһ˾Ȳ˿ӡ


106 
ϯϣӾ޳ߣ޳С˼вˣֻһţһ߸ˣ˼ӣоܲͣˡ
ûãССð˼
ƽⶬʳٿ޳ģ޳һǾ˵һллҲ޳вˣȻظðܶԵ͹⡣
޳ǳԵĿģԼҲͦģʳ˾ϸϡ
޳һεʱƽԼСൽһߣ㣬ҳԱˣٳԸóˡ
ҲǣĽĲ˺úóԣҳԲˣǳԱˡ
ⶬ̧ͷС޳߻ճżɫ׷
ãǽͲǼˣҪȻǸˡ޳Ľⶬϵ
޳ϵºͣСİ٣˿Ҳܸˡ
һٷ
ϴεһΣ˲٣ĵĶҲֱ࣬磬˲ظǡ
ƽͶӺö°ҶĿԶȥıӰ̾
ȷʵǣĺͦټġ

޳Ҷڴʮ죬ִСػϡ
ôǻؼȥˣԺŽգ޳ҶҲ⡣
С˼ٲϰ࣬޳Ϊϰ壬ȴǲòȥġ
ƷѡһЩȥ¼ĸӣ޳ſʼæ¡
ȵֵܽٹֵ飬޳ڵÿȥ򼯲̽г
ָֺûЩ԰ߵģٸֱܱ߻ͷ䷿ݡ
򼯻ҪСС򼯣ģ򼯻Ҫ
мҲ̡
޳һѾ˿ӻֶ̣Լ̲ࡣ
޳Ȼ̳һЩֻҪеģ˭ŷأ
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ҽһ޳ѯʣֱ˵Ϣ
ӣλҲһֱûȥҲΪϴҶСĶ࣬ͦģߣСⲻ㣬Ǯ˼Լ棬ԲһֱӡҪĻҲõʲôլ
޳ڵתһȦãûʲô⣬ҳ࣬ɼǷԷӻͦġ
Ҫ⣬ôգ
һ£Ļһ¸ҲС޳ɫ⣬Ҳˬ죬ӿҲǿš
ⷿҲġ
֪׼һеģۿ˵ǰͷҪЩĵ⣬ⷿӿɲ⡣
޳˵仰ʱɫ࣬һ£ǣ
ǲܿ¥СӣԿķߣֻ⣬ʳϰͨϰƽõϵĶЩҲǲܸմߡ
뵽¥йݾķúõķӣɲˡ
ҲƲЩ͹ӣһеģ˵Щ﹫Ǳ͵ģڹµ³Ծͷջǻᱻƣ֪Ժжࡣ
ǲΪġ
ԭˡ޳ŷӦеЦã棬¥СҲûѽҪٵС䲻ǣ
ģĶ⣬ЩͨʳסҪĶ
黺¹ЦݣǸã㿴ΣˣҾ͸šԿ䣬ǹЩҪʵò꣬һǽרŸ˴涫յ洢ҲСҪҼҺͷæҶԼˡ
޳Ҫʲôӣôһ˵µ귢֮·
ӼҲеѽ޳ʡ
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УммǼҴ̣Ҽͷӵ֡Ҫ⣬ԺȥҼʲôģۡ
޳ûոǷȷҪĻһʱҲò׼޳ûп棬ûϵȸԼһҲͷ
ǾͶлˣĻҪҪ⣬ҵȻȥһ£ǾˣҾ͵ȥ㣬㿴Σ
޳ûвִλò˵ʵҲܸߣֻǾˣǵȻȥҶС


107 
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֪²С£Ҳżҷһ£ܳɲɣӶӭװ
Ϊ޳еķָҷˣֻ޳ĸ˼ҵѾͷҲû롣
У鷳ˡ
㣬˵ɶӦõӦõġ
ڰ֣޳ԼҲų˳ֽŸˡ
ϣ޳Լµͼֽóĥֽı߽ǣ˼
Ѿӻ̣Լİٻͬ𲻴Լٿһһģǿѽ
ӻ̱׬м̲ۣǮͺܴܵͣܲ۸սɡ
޳ͷеüչ
ͷǮ׬š
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޳ֽëҶĲͷһ߽յ˵һ¡
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µ̣ȻҲӻģǸͨӻȣҪǴʲôĻͿۣԼô࣬ʱƴҲۡ
ﻹһǽĴѸ˴ƷĹ˿ͱܶÿһͷ˿ͼĴ֮ȡСľƣȡߵʱƾľƵĵǼϢƹС
ġ
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̵۶Զʱٻ̿ʱ۶ɰ޳ϲòУϴҹ˱÷ſҶĿȥˣҪ˯޳ŷ˱ϴ¡
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ģҲԲˡ޳뵽Լ컹Ҫش;ͷ
ҪΪ˻֤ȥˮֵʱͽﻹȥˡ
Ҳã·ݣͲô鷳ظش屨ˡ
ǣѡ𣿡֣мֵҲţһɻҲͦġ
޳ﲻ֪뷨Ҳû
мʱǡ
СãСĿǰǲõġ
ܲԼȫǻɣһͬһŻţӷ̫ˣԺҪƹ̣ܵģԼֻ»ᱻġ
ðɡ
ЩʧҲӦ
޳жĶͷ˾޳˵ʲôʲôˡ
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֪Լְ˵˼ڻϣѰ˼ʲôʱȥḳ̌ԴȶһЩͿרˡ


108 ظ
˰ٻǰľ飬̵ܿͲ졣
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Ҷļһ˦ƹӣĵòС
޳˵Ѿرˣÿ½ֻмҲ׬ġ
Ҷû취ҲͲ˵ˡ
޳İȫʩ˸ӵڵİ׼Žһ͡
壬һ࣬ͷ
޳һ¾;ָϰ㵥
޳ͻǳϰ޳ʳѾϰΪ
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Ͱͷֳɵģܿ
޳һ߳һܱߵ졣
˵Ǳ߻ʤˣ𣿡
Ӧǵİɣ˵Ѿ˻ˡ
ͣ˺ãǴ嶼ûˣҪЩжڣκˮǴ嶼һôʧ
ɲǣȫ׳Ҳ࣬ö඼ǰСӻЩ͵ģΪˡ
˺ãйŮĵøϽ࿴ֻҪֽŻڣǿǶõͶ˵ĸο𡣡

ΧߴߴΪͣսеģҲѾ˵;ãϣԼŮ޹ȥܹϺӡ
޳۾ͶȷʵǶõͶһ
޳ͷͷҲĴ˵⡣
˵ߵʿʲôʱѽ޳ŲӸԱ˴
Ĵʶ޳¾Ц
ԭϰ壬ϰǡҲ׼࿴˼ˣ˵ϰҲûףҲȷʵǸÿˡ
ѽ˵СӶ֣ͦϰҲҪпϵģɵøϽְ
Աļġ
Ļ޷ױȽϿţһֻҪûʲôŮҶͼ˶ʲôҲҶĺ޳ѾʮͷͣҲû˵лԭ
޳û뵽ôģͽޣһ£ҡͷЦŸǽ͡
ллǽѾϲˣ˷ӾͳסոҲ˵ʿǶõԲʿʱмʿʲôġ
ǰλȻԭϰѾϲˣҲǣͷϰܸɵŮӲ࣬۹˿ɲˡ
Σָ˵ֱĴȡ
ѽҪɻڵﶫܸǿò˵ܴܰᣬʱͶȥҲ·٣أǻҲһڵʳˡϰ忼ȫ
ʱ򣬳Է˶࣬޳ʹҲûŵܱͣߵ
Ļһ䣬Ҿȫˡ
޳һϴүҲòУϰţ⻰ɵ棿
޳תͷģҲȱˣȱҲ࣬ҲոԴһظڣרʿġ
Ϳ·ˣһʽ£Ϳˣʱ򣬸Ļƶˣеְ·ҲȫЩ
ϴүۿʪˣǡҪСֻܻҪֽŻȫҾͽӪ
ȥⳡˮǴȫˣٸϸǽ˷ǳ˷ӣһʳסҽȫÿԼ
СҪܻʱʳĻᶼûС
ͣҪûǳˮͣҲֻڰЩӻã˳һ緹
еģֻҪ˳ʵڿ죬˼ʲôȫܸɻС
޳ϴүƵ鸴Ӽˡ
ϴүڰ̸ӻ֪ģʮˣΪƲģԼҪĺӣŪѽ
ϴү׼˵ز˰ʪۿĲлллл㰡ϰ塣
ллѾ벻Ҫ˵Щʲôˡ
ֻ֪۶ˣȥ̸ɻĻһú۶úøɻ͵𶯲е˼
޳װûүĶ΢ЦŸү˵үлң˵ллǲǡΪڱ߹صֵˣǲﰲҵǻûлĸṩһЩλҲӦõģֽǷȫֻҪ˼ڿ죬ֵǴһ֡
Χ˱޳㻰˵﷢ᣬѽɲΪ߹ǣԼڸذҵҪʿǻȴԲҲ̫Բˡ
Էˣٶеݣ޳˵ҪʿҲΧ˹ȸԼԤ


109 ʿ
޳ǵŪ÷ûúóԶֻʾҰ
ȵ氲ˣ޳˵Ϊ˺õ˼޳֪Ҳ⣬͢ɷǵҲС⣬Ҫеʿ޶Ǿͷ˾˽ʱͬĻǶҪεġԣҲЩֻˣ˭£õǻҿ˲֪Ҫ󣬲ȥʡ
޳һ˵еƽһЩ
Сϰգ֪˽ǶصǶ֪ǣһһη˵¶ͲСˡ
ˣʹЩʧҲ޳
òظ޳кŽɢȥ
¶ڰ棬ϰͷβҲΪ޳е̾
ȥ˸޳ǰӵݸ޳
ֹ壬ԡ
޳ȵؿϰ壺ǣ
ϰеɬͷС޷ֹһЩʿʱֹеˣԶǴۣܴܶΣС⣬ҪԷġ
޳Ϊʲô¶أӹӲؿһڣİɣǼнˮͣǵķǮеģۼۣ֪ˣǲڡҲö룬⵽˾ͳɡ
ƸúȨչ˻еģ˼ʿûĵˣôܻİõؽֽʩĶݡ
ϰһҲǣﰵѹ˼һŮܽＸε÷ء
Ҳ޳òˣȥкˡ

ȻЩ˵ģû죬޳ڼɨ𾢣ڰõ续յܹ˵ʿˣҪҪȥۡ
޳µԱȻҪȥģеĨģȷԼûʲôҳӡ֮󣬲Ÿ续ȥΧۡ
ÿͻ˻ϲʹޡ
ˣؼһ֣زˣŸ
޳һͷľ󣬾Ϳȥˡ
ȻˣĶࡣ
뵱Ǽʵʱǰ࿴һ۵ġ
㣬㲻Ǵôˣ
续棬еɻ
ˣ˼ҲһȹڵſƸϢٽлƴһȻš
ԭ
续ץץˡ޳һΣоģȥҳЧȥˡ
һ죬ڲͬĵطӪʣҲͬϵ˺üͣ
޳еˣΪֻлŻˣŻ񣬶ЩزˣǵսѴǵĹǻҺ͸ĵȻĵߡ
޳ֵȥЩʿؼңӮ˲ٳޡ
һ̼Ҳ׷ģ£Ȼе㾺ѹֵܵĹҲࡣ
˵˼뱻մ̣ΪˣõĹүصڸʾһϵеʾáȻûʲôʵԲǳ̼ܱտ˽⣬൱ǹٸæһﶼͦˡ
˶ˣҲۿɼһƵҲࡣ
ǹʿڼﰲٺˣʼΪδıһɵĻơ
޳ǼƸվϷƸϢôģдϴһֱֽİٻ̵̺ſڣʱ˹ˡ
һСߵС飬˵İٻ̺͸Ǹͬһϰ𣿡
Ӧǰɣ㿴ͼһģãǼÿͼնһ
С̧ͷϵͼϸϸԼ򿴵̵ͼһġ
ֽдʲôͲ֪ˡ
㣡ǲͬһϰ壬лƸɾͳɡ
С˵ߣһѶͷˮһ°ڣҿûʲôף֣ص߽İٻ̡
СҲϽ˽ȥ
ƹģ˵ˣеʿģ
޳ͣ¼˵ĹǰˣǾˣ⿴վ˾ͺͨԲһ
ǵģеӣ򿪾̸޳ָָſڵһ۵ӣҲǵӻ֮һ
õġСӲö
޳ˣſڣƸ¿ɿˣ
˿еΡ
ĹֲǣڼҵʱûǮѧ˾ҲֻǵͨʿûӴֶ
û£ҸǼ˵һ¡ǵˣΪĿǰƣǰµԱҪڵһЩĻƣᶫɨͻȵȣŵȵ·֮󣬲Żֹʱǵøҳڡ
޳һЩݺнʴ˵
ЩǾÿԻĻҶǽһЩ˽⣬ҪһǷܾ߱Ļʺ𣿡
СӺСҲֱӵͷˡ
ͷлɾͲˣҸոƹ˵Щɺ̫ˣȡɵġ


110 ж
Ǻã˵һԼ֣Լóʲôո˵Щλһ˵һ¡
СӶһۣĬϴҵ˳С
ҽкԶˣóԶ˵һ£е㲻˼޳Ŀ֮£ּ˵ȥ
֮ǰھǸġĶҾͲ˵ˣֻҪرӵջҶܸɣȥͻԱ
Զ˵һԼϤ򣬿ЩǰֻҪֱϵ˾ǲ˵ģһ£һʱҲ֪˵Щʲô
ãһλ޳һߵͷһߵǼš
ҽаӦڣģó̽ϢʲôĶܸɣڵϤһ£Ա
Ӧеţ޳ζıʼ⣬ȼԼҽ֮󣬾ͳĬ
޳˵ҽܣе㲻֪˵ʲôãеĲһ
еԣر˵ӣƸõĻͻĻãڵĻеѶȡ
ԶԱҪܱߵĴׯ˽⣬ģƥȽϤ֪ţ˽ΣޣﻹûǸʽƥͻ
ʵϣͣơ
ţҲҲһЩͨĲ
߹زҪ̣ʱѵҪֲֳҪȻ⿿͢ݣֻҪһڳ˲ǵöڱ߹ء
޳ͷͻҪʲôɣЩҲֻʶѡ
ˣˣͰ㿴ô
Զϲؿ޳ǣˣ
ԵĿԵġԶͷµ޳һ
ͷе㲻ţƹģ˼ǣҿڵɻˣ
ǵġʮҪǩʳҪԼ
޳ûʲô飬˵ĻֱкԶЦúϲ£졣
ӦĽؿС飬ûʲô뷨ΪѸ˵ͬʱԼܷʵѾʲôϣˡ
˵һһƵģһֻҪһΪǱţʱͷùܡ
ô룬ûԳ
Ӧڣǰɣ޳Ӧڣʡ
Ӧһ£Լھģɲ˵ʵҲûǵͷǵġ
ѽó̽Ϣдðŵеˣ޳⡣
㲻ڵɻˡ
޳˵˳˼Ҫôأ
Ӧ仰ĹʱͰ
Ȼֻһ
Ӧ뿪޳棬˵ȸߣѧϰʱʱȰԺĹǮ㣬һһ㿴ɲ
Ӧ꣬λϣֻһ뷨Ǵ˵еϵڱ
ԶҲˣʲô
ƹߣƹ©һ㣬Ժ㲻߸ˣﶼзѽ
޳˵꣬Ӧڴ㶵ӣЩЦ
̫ϲҲʲôرţĵңҲرˣҲ࣬ǲһѧĶʼҪɵĻرңҪǱֲõģߴǵпܵġ
ӦڸϽҡͷ֣ƹ˵ЦˣƹʲôᣬҲƹֻҪǸƹܶʶһ֣Ҳ׬ġ
Ӧ̬޳˲١
ûϵѧˡ
ᣬѧҪЩã
˵úá޳һ䣬Ӧˣ룬Ҳһʮ֮ǩУҵߣ˫Ǳ߿꣬㿴Լʱҷʲôġ
ʱСͻ
㣬ǲǿɵˣ
Сùˮҹ๾ˮˡ
Դȥƹ񣬵ֻæ
ݼٵʱ򣬵ֻһˣæ
޳Цſһۣõ㻹ôˣ֮ǰĹøɣֻæ
СһǽУüӹǮ
ڵ﹤˼£С𽥿ҲŴ˲٣Ҹ޳Цˡ
аֻҪǴڣÿһľҾ͸ʮġ
СҵȻЩάְٻ̵ճӪûģ޳㽫Сİٻ̡
аš
СӹǮҲһ˵û뵽޳ֱӾӦˣϲˮǺˣģ
޳ͷġ
СʱԼˣɾ޲ٳȥ˻
һúԶͰӦڶɵˣжɣ
ǹǮôף
ôƭ˵İɣ


111 
Ժܼ򵥣ԶͰӦھ
С˳ŵʱ򣬻ǰһ̡
СǾߵҵ˭Ǯûѽ
Ĺֲѣúøһ¾ˣǽ£Сɾаŵã붼
ӦںͺԶ򼯣ֱСˣŸҽԼ˵˳
޳˵Ǽ٣ƭȥڹʲôİɡ
·ϻͬеˣҴģ죬Ľ̾Ϣ
СǳϢѽ
̾꣬ĳؽ˺úϧᡣ
͵ɣİٻ̵ϰ尡ǸġǮú˵Ҳû˵пʲôģϵϣ˵ȥɻˡö٣ȫˡлȥ԰ɣˡ
ȥСҵƣ˿Ǿ°Ͷϲ£
ΪʲôӻǮͦ͵֣ڵɻΪǮҲ߲ȥ
ϣ˼ʱֱӽӷˣǼﰡֶӰ£Ǵ붼û뵽ġ
ǾҲı˺ܶࡣ
ǰСûƵʱձǼģҲ޹⣬ɵû£أҲ֪ϰܵúûΪǮˣ˿˳۶ˣҲˣҲֱͦˣҲˣҪǼǰжˣҿܶ󲻵ǰжˡ
ӦںͺԶˣ
壬˵ϰ壬ĸѽã
ſǸ߸ӹѽֻһڽõżȥ￴ֹֻﳣڵ￴ꡣ
޳һЩ¼㽫޳׷鵽˷ӵŻȥֵ£ССģֻҪĶ˵һ
̾ĺӣһ˴뱲ӣҲûΰ
ӦںͺԶû뵽޳ãԷһЩ
ԭˣллˡ
ӦڳŴл
ˬذ֣ɶ˵ֹҲҶϣ˵ҲЦѽһγܳûԷ·϶ǰ߲ǡֹͻ˼Ҷ˵ͰҷϳȥҳԵĺȵģ߲Ļ͵ȥ
뵽£͸жѣûסָС߶߶á
ֱ˲·òֹֿס˻ͷĵػؼȥˡ
ˣӦںͺԶ¶Ҫ̸ɻ
޳ǰ˼ˣǰĺԶͰӦڣߵȻҪһЩ
Ҫ˵ӦںͺԶʵֶ޳ûʲôƫģǺԵ⼸ˣɽ޳ۡ
޳ǰҪƹ˵ҪȻͼֵΪֹƦӣش˸ơ
˼Ƿˣеĸ˵㣬ǵﲻӭ㣬ȥ
޳㻰˵òֱƦӵӡ
ΧŶԵģΧ۵ģ״ƦͶȥ˱ӵĿ⡣
һƻôԼǼĴү˶Żզģ
ƦΧڵЦһۿȥҿ񶼺һЩĶŭˣһ޳ǰϡ
үǰˣ磬үսɱеʱ㻹֪ĶأϽģƹ̸ٷϻӰ㣡
ɨ̨̨ȥŨīһӣմȾϰԱߵ˱ʱ̨һƬ
޳Ͻ˱ץǽϵĵĨմϵī֭ɡ
ƦӼ޳ûŭ
Ů˵ǺõɫҲ
Ʀ־Ҫ޳˱˺ý޳֪ǲã
޳˷óѣһĿƦ֡
޳ѾǻˣûһȥͽƦӵһƬ
˵һ飬ȥﲻӭ㡣޳򿪳뽫˱źãǰµƦӣո˵ĻһΡ
ҾͲȥôˣ㲻ƹĳһͲˣҿô죿
ƦӼ޳ûΪ޳ˣʱ˸ʽ¡
ƦӵĿڵɨһȦ˸ľƼϣһС̳ӾƣֱӾͺ
˶ƣ˾ڵ棬޳Ҳ̫˴ܣƦһۣһ̳ʮģȸǮٺȣлл
ƦЦŽ첲ڹ̨ϣŲӴս޳ûƤûصЦҪǲأΣ𣿡
޳ٺõƢҲ̲סˣҪֱӽ˾ȥһ٣Ⱥͼһ
ͻ
զôһ
̨Ķ࣬ҶʶһֳͰࡣ
޳̧ĽַŻԭأˣ˵һҪ˵ҪͲ뿪
ƦӽԼĸ첲ջб´Ц


112 ͻ
ëͷСҲܵƹģҵ²û˿ˡ
ΪԼĵǸе֮Աǣ棬꿴Ǵһ㣬һëѾͷһëͷСӿ꣬ǲġ
̵ƹģƦӼ۽ǿˣ̬Ȱһ
ǰɣôˣ֪巢ʲô޳Լ˵ʱе㲻ˬ֪ǰ˴ǵ޳ˡ
꣬רˣ㿴ôǵɻǮɣ
ƦԼظһž̳ӣɻǸ޳Ƶġ
ĵ׷˸ۣ֪Ϊʲô޳ˬˣ˼㲻ǵù׼鷳ȥɡ
Ʀžһ½̳ӷڹ̨ϣΣ
ǵ꣬ԸһſſСǣҲܸɻĺӣ˵ʲôרˣֲãǵǲأ
ΧȺһƦӵĻʱ΢
֮ǰǲǶûúôʲôԸһſſСҲ
޳ҵ̵ϰϰ忴Լҵĵ껹ɣ
ھӪɵ˰ɡ
ûǵʲôǲǲǮûطƸѾдֻˣޣȻҪзҪԱȻǲģǵĿǰûкƥĸλı߾ͣף˳
Χ۵ʵ̫࣬޳ＫˣҲòŸӦš
Ͼ£һã»ˣֱӰ쵽⡣
ү˵СǲĵضƦ޳˵̨ĵžž졣
޳һ˵ˣһԼתȥ油ˡ
ҲһӦֺˡ
ţҲֱͦˡ
ֿԴ󲻶ضôдôҪǽˣʱ£ĲԼ
λֵܣϰ壬Щ
˵ߵ̨棬̨ϵһ̲īˮһѾ˵С̳ҲûǮ
̳ƾ͵ˣҲô㶫ûؼң㿴𣿡
Ŷһ²һ£ϢˣԼһ
ĺƣ˰Ӱ⣬ú
Ʀ֪޳ǵϰʱ򣬾ſҵҲûʲǫ̂͸Ӳ޳ˣǼ˲ӣ̺۸
Ʀ־ͽſڵһƷƵڵأҾͲߣҿôȻҪТʮߣҲǲԡ
ΧȺڿĶֻм֣ţ̫ˣ
̾꣬޳ϰһңҲ֪ôźŶ
ҪµǸͨĻ죬ȥֹˣ˿߸׳׳ģģһȭͷˣҲȥȰѽ
˵ӣҲˣ˵Щʲô⧲ǰһϾͰһȭͷͷݿĵʱһƬ𣬱ǿӿһůһΰôݵĴһʱûӦ
ҲУүҲϡǲүʹ죬ǾүһٳҲɣ˵ǰɣ
Ʀӻ˷ܵĹâ
ЩҲҸ١
뵽⣬Ʀ־ͽק׼ϼȭ
Ҳû뵽˵־Ͷ֣קŵס۾
֮ǰ˵ˣЩɱԣбǱ̫ţû뵽ġ
˭û˵仰ʹѽ
޳һͳ˹ȥɾƦȥȥҽݿңǵݣ㱨ҽҩѡ
űǰͣĵؿ
Ʀû뵽޳һ֣һһض޳
û뵽Сǵмֱ¡
ûϵȻˣȥʱŮ˳ԺŮ֮һôţ
Ʀӻû꣬ͱ޳һϥϣҵʹϥǴ·Ǳʯڹؽڴһʹ޷վȣֱӹڵϡ
ƦӵΪʹѪ˿˫ȥ޳еŭǻʵʣֱӽ޳ճɻҡ

޳˵꣬ոպȿյľ̳Դ˹ȥԴƦŵӣһĿϣһźݺڵϵ֡
ޱ飬Ʀӵģڿʲôһ
ΧΧ۵˶ɵˣ⡢⡭
ϰôƦӻײУ
еˬʲô£
޳Ӧ˶ٳû뿪Ҳ޳ϵŵˣ޳ټȥԷ͵ýϽǰֹ
㣬ˣ鷳մűѪס޳ʱѪɱմȥ


113 ͷ
޳һ£侲һЩקƦӵĺ콫˶˳ȥת˸ЦΧ۵˵
ܱǸôҿЦˣղˣʲôҪģȥҿɡ
˴ͷβ֪޳˻ƹҲˣ׷ױʾ⣬ܿɢȥſڵϵƦӣһû
ǿɲˣ޳֣ǿɶˣûס޳ǲԣҪǻ鷳˰Ǿ̫ˡ
޳Źغãɷ˵ȥҽݿˡ
޳ĶżûԶģ̽ͷ̽Ե˴˸ƣ˷ֱɢȥŰĵȥҽݡ
˵òأֹѪһЩʳɾûˡ
˻صʱƦѾˡ
޳ֻԼˣû롣
Ժ˽棬Ҫվ̫ҪȻúͽһ˼ͻȻͶ֣Ӧ
ص޳ĵһŸոµһƬǽ塣
ţҼסˡ
ԼʹıӣСش
ش꣬뵽ʲô۾أ㣬ոǼ¿
޳ϵĶûͣĲɵءšһ˵
̫û˼ѪҪʵҲǸ֯ɹ̣ͻȻ˷ǰеƲסˡ
ԭΪƽĻ֮£ľƽͺܶ࣬ڴԵʱ򣬶ûַǳѪĸоû뵽Ƕξµĺ֢ڡ
Ÿոյ£޳˵Ҳ͸ĬĬʰ
ǼƵļС죬ڿ޳ҽݣͲԼͬӿƦӸǰְ˽šæš
ѽôˣôˣû¶˰缸ؼҸȥͷ
ǾǣǼҴүʲôʱܹίѽࡣ
ƦϵЩˣЩëëŵľԼ˿ڣؼңˡ
Ʀʹſھ˭֪и˶죬˿ʲôζ²˵Ѭ۾ۣϡﻩġ
ȥëǶûϴˣѬ۾ۣ
ѹƦӼС챻Ųζ嵽ˣӲʶҪԶͷζ
ëС첻˼ͷҲûãһӰɡﲻڼңû˸ϴ
ô
Сʱ¶׷ҪŻµӡ
ëǵˣ˸ۣ˼ңǵЬӲҲഩһûϴ
ģ˭˭߹
˱ˣ˼ȥӡ
һһ˴ݵվڽϲ̫ãǸʹ˸ɫ
ǴСһ쵽ֵܣ֪ʲô˼ȵıȣ첲첲ƦӸˡ
·ġ֪ԵɵЩ֣ǰѯʣͱԱߵİϰȥˡ
ЩΧȫ̵ģ·Ϲһ߹ʱĿбӣ·ûƦӵ
ӦڻûְƦ¶޳һʱ飬Ҳûʲôͷʰõ棬޳ֱӻȥˣȰӦְ֮ٽȥһƦʲôͷ
ԼǰʱؼҳԷɣҶĵġ
ɫϵҲϡ٣ĵؾͳš
谵ССžžӡ
ë˵ɶʱѽҲ߯ЩҾͱˡ
ΪëС췳ػԼҷɵӣӦÿˣģ⹷Ҳ͸۸ŮˡϹʿĳƺţǸ
ëҲӷòУƦӵĲ˼֡
ڵϵƦһҿԣԼǵüλү鲻ˬֵøһ١
ģҲ֪ЩƽʱǸʲôģһһ׵ģȾѰһҪܵ٣̲ˣ
ôˣҴ߽ѹʡ
硣ëһʾ⼸ֵܽƦ̧ߣŸ㱨
ˣǽһҰٻ̵ϰֶӣ̿ǱߵӰ죬רģ͹¡
ãͷǳԷβɨɾЩӻ˸ɰݸë
ã׼ɾëӦš
ƦӣǲһֵܼӶѣһʱˣŻֱͶˣ׼ˮû;
ʿأҪǱ²ˣ˼ϸ̰ʲôģǲϾˡ
ѷ
ëźɰ롣
ӾʹҴˣ˵ҪûʲôͻĻĸôԲзǵ£Ȼоϵ档


114 
޳һӻصңҶľҪ¹ Źǻȣͷʱ򣬾Ͳһˡ
ҶĻصңճȥҪһ޳йһ̨𣬲ȼգŨ
ôҶ޳ߣ޳üͷ
û޳ôأ˭ôı£
޳ͷҶĵļϣ·ۼˣҲ硭
޳Լ˵һ£Ҷĵģ˵¶ˡ
Ҫô죿𣿡ҶĵüͷҲ
Ŀ֮£Ҳ̫ˣֱĿ
ʱû뵽
ʱ϶ѪҲûô࣬ҽݳʱƦѾˣңҲʲô£ٵĻ˼Ҳһ
Ժǻ
Ȼ֪ƦӴ򲻹޳ȥӰ졣
Щɶ޳Ѫ
֪ҲҲᡣ޳˵꣬еҲˣˣ˵ˣӰ顣˵
ðɡҶͷ
ȻԸ̸ˣҲ
еˮû޳ҶҪһǣطſҶģ˿ոյķꡣ
ҶĿϵЦݣۼ⿴ϸɺ˵ѪҪΪ޳ո˵Щֻ޳Ϊһ׶ˡ
֮޳˼ˣֽŽȫĺһȽŲ̫ʿظˡ
оеʱڰӻĴү۶޳ͽڣɽʮĺӣϻеĵ̣еףһ̸˵ĸоܿס
ʵ֤޳۹⻹ɽְ֮󣬽þʮָˣΪڿ԰ĵȥһԴ̸ͬȥˡ
ƦӱŻȥ֮Ȼвʣ˼컹£ÿŵʱȥĵ̿
ȥˣǼĥԼһʱһСҵĵſڻƣͲˡ
СˣصĻƻнɽɽսɱʮˣȡ˵ĵһƦֻϹһսһԽӵסģ˲ȶˣֻüβͻ뿪
Ǹô£ɽɻؿƦӴҴ뿪Ӱɻ
ͿһۣôͻȻתˣ
ѵԼϵĵ̫ˣŵˣ
ӻ᲻Ӱѽ
ɽе㵣ģʵܸм޳ԼɻԼĴڷӰĻǾҪڿǰˡ
ͣ²Ū̵֣һƦӵıӰ ˼΢֮ǰµģſ˰ɡ
ԭ
ǰµ飬˵ûôһɫǸʿȺ嶪ˣ
޳֪ƦӱԼֵˣӦְһʱͽȥƦӵͷ
ӦڲǸģһ磬ͽ¼ǰļŵ޳ǰ
СˣСʶ
ǵġƦӱߵʱ򣬸ڵİϰ忴ˣȥһǼͷʱǸƹȽƵƦûҲǸƹСȥǰǻľٶйء̷ᵽ¡
²ϵ֤óľôһӦʵ㱨
ȻιˣǾͲùˡ޳еĵı£һ£֮ǰˮ֣ʧͦ࣬ҪпգעһһˣرһСŮпС룬ʻᱻûþͲùˣǱʲô³˵һ
޳ϸϸظӦ˵һĿڵòʱŸӦڵһ񣬷ǿʲȥġ
ѾȥãҲ֪ǵߵ
£ûǹпմǾ͸ɴһɡ
ãҶעЩӦ˽ľǼӵоˣһΪ޳еֵһΪСŮļͥе
һ£һ£ļͯġ޳ֵͽһˣĿǰûʲôˣڵϤһ£пոͻĳȥתתǩģͱ
¼٣޳ũæͻ飬û˼ȥģ֮ǰЩǩĹûȥһһʵǾͽЩ½Ӧȥˡ


115 
еˣӦںͺӼ޳ߣӼԭȷӵģֲ޳˼У޳µˡ
ɽ͸йⱻйλϵǸˣսʧȥȣϥ±صˣڵڣרŹܿģϾ̵ĵ治СֵĴ࣬úúô
ںԶӻ̵Աˣһ˶Сڹܡ
Ӽͬһ˶Ա飬ֻԼվ޳û쵽ƣ΢΢еڡ
ÿʲôģȻˬǣʱ뻹еѽ
ӣҲҰŸǲһ£
Ӽͱ޳󣬽޳ϰɣȻԣеʲôнɣҲʣԸɴˡ
Ӽʵеûţȫ֪޳һССĵϰΪʲôҪרСϣЩ˼ҵС㣬Ҳû˭µġ
ң޳ȫԼ֮£ֱˡ
㲻Ǯ˵粻ƶܶġ
޳źӼһҪùӣЩЦùǮˬ
ǲ֪жĽء
ˬˬ̫ˣæҾվһ߷ǲе㲻̫ã
Ժæʱ򣬳ڶϢЩʵУȥɨȥϸЩûմˮС
ϣȥ
Ӽ¿ˡ
ڶչȺͻﶼǴ£ҶҲ⽫Ϣռһ𣬸޳һشȥˡ
һȥĻкӼͰӦڡ
˾Ǳ׳޳йȵģ᲻ҶǸнˮģȵʱȫ˹ʱðײá
޳ҶĲżҲǾĵģֻд峤ھ֪
һλũæҶڻ⣬޳ҶĴСӻһӾȼ˰֮
˵СǲԼҵķѽ
ӦǵİɣǺ˵㣬Ӹߣ忴ҲҲ
ԼȥıݻƵģҵķҲȴСӾ١
͸ĽҪԼҲиôŮͺˡ
ɲǣҴƴǲһ
İԣ޳һ˶֪
ţ·޳ҳͱõַӦںͺӼҶڼţԼ˸ȥˡ
Ѿʼˣһ飬̵ļӶûػԼ޳չˣӦںͺӼȣԼǰȥæ
㡣С׾ϲؿ޳
ţϢһ£㡣޳ָָߵ
ãС컹ûš
̼޳ˣҲЦˣ㣬æȥɣҲУ𵢸˵⡣
޳֮ÿλԼС׹ȥԷҪǲȥĻ͹̶֪ôлС
ﲻż˻ƣǿžС޳߹ȥվڴȻһߣùС׶ѺõĵȾͿʼ̲ȴȻ
֪޳˵ʲôʲôҲֻȥˡ
תͷ޳ͷȵˣЩ棬ΪȻ̫²ô£Ҳͱ졣
˰ӦںͺӼ޳̼ҵĵȺܿոϡ
̸޳ŰӦںͺӼæոصһˣһظ˼вˡ
СԽԽ⣬ﴫ޳ҶԺӣͷࡣ
Ů⣬ܱкϺܶ࣬߻ţҪһЩ
˸ʱһ޳ֻ֪ǵĻƣЩʧҲû˵ʲô
֮󣬾ǻˡ
޳峤˵һд峤пյȥ
Ӧõĸｻһˣ־ʮӵĹ¹˵ĺ͹¶ķ𣬲һ
㲻һСˡ
޳ȫĲ峤ˣڶʹ޳ȥǼǣʽ޳Ļ壬ǵ޳ҪܣҪ·
޳֪·£峤ݸʱһ¡
ȴ峤һ֪ߵԱͦϸ
޳ʱ򣬴峤ͦˣ·ˣеˡ
ѵûòŮޣûϴĸСӣۿ˲峤İͦζġ
޳Ŵ峤еӣɳ԰ο壬ͦõģû㳹뿪ԺǻġɽҰһû꣬׶û񹻣ɽӾҲͦúȣˮϺҲʣСҲܿɰôõĴӣ뿪˶ѽ˵ǲ
峤û뵽޳ô룬̸ӵĶͣ㡢˵Ŀɵ棿


116 
޳ʹ޸СӣΪһӣгϢһӣ©㣬ЩѻԴöܺϲ١
ʲô˵ȥôһˣҲ
õĻҪŴ˽ҵչǴ˿ɾĹϺˡ
뵽峤ͼòС
ġ޳΢Цţػش˴峤Ļ
ãã峤ӷˣЦ޳ļ
峤˵·ƵƵĿ峤Ҳ⣬̵ں̡
ڴסķӣסŰɣȴ˳ػ߰ˣҸһ£ʱǻ˵أܽԼķˣסҲġ
Ҫô٣峤֪ġ
޳أ峤Լһ˵ˣҲˣʮ׻ãллˡ
һ˳˳Ժϵסˣ޳صϵļҵʱ϶Ц⡣
Ūˣ굾ȣҶľͻˡ
ţŪˡ޳峤Ӧе¸Ҷ˵ˡ
ҶļòУ̨վֱܹȥһѱס޳⼸۳ƣɫϵЦݳ˲٣Һø˰
Ҷ꣬Ҫ˵ûǼٵġ
ǹһˣҲеСڴ峤֮£˶ǰؼģĵҲãҪǳ׵뿪᲻õġ
Ҳˣˣˣʱ廹ôãǾͻţһɫµķ羰һ֮ܶǰû顣
޳ҶĽţԺҲΪǮĵʱһĳֻȴھš
޳оǵģҶϵ΢΢ЩҶ§øˡ
Ҷͷ޳ö޳۶Լӣʱ˹ȥӦʱ޳ѾͷʪĴģݼ仹ϸϸĥ´⡣
ҶĲŽȥ׷޳ҧһ£ϧûպã´ҧѪˡ
޳һʱ飬ֻôһʹʶһ²ӣʹһ£ָմ˵Ⱥ졣
޳ͷ´Ѫ˽ȥ𣺡ôװ
ġУȡġҶû뵽˵޳飬һƮǲ޳
ǣ𣿡޳Цشֽ˵Уףҧңò
޳û˵꣬ͱסˡ
ҶðѪ˿ڣ˼£оѪζˣ˿ͱ޳ס˺ס
޳ҶĵĴૣҵġ
ȵ޳ʱҶѾеվˣ޳ǰϸϸ
޳һûһµͷҲƽš
˭Ҳûע⵽иŽ뿪
ӦԺſڣݺһ¿ˮ
ҵθϣԭϰҶֹϵ
ȫ

Ӧ°ͣŸո˱һǵӣоͦô죿
ӦҲ֪˽ʲô½ȥϰ£ֻſڵĢ
Ӽڵʱˣ޳Ľʱȥ޳ˡ
ԶӦſڷ
ǸȥӼվڰӦڸǰʣ˵̧žҪš
Ӧһקס°ڣȱ𣬵ɡڡ̫㡣
Ӽ벻ʲô㣬Ӧ˵㣬ҲҪȥ°һã˰ӦԱߡ
զ¶Ӽչȥʡ
Ӧһ£˵Ӻͷ棬ڽȥá
ҶĺϰĹϵз˵ĻӦǶԵİɡ
ӼԣˣӲϰôз򡭡
Ӽ˵ţͻȻӦҶ
ԡӦڵͷɵҡ
ǣͦáӼİһ£뵽ӪǶֵܣ־ͦ
еĿԣȻҲԣûʲôСֵģӼοԼ
ӦںͺӼ򶼲Ƕˣ˼䣬ͳĬſڵĢһ
޳Ҷڳĥ䵽˶˲Ŵӳ
һžͿԺſڶˡ
ôɡ
޳кš
ӦںͺӼݡӼ򿴼޳ϵ˿ڣ֪Ӧ˵ĲָķĲ㡣
ݣҶʢ˲ԼͬϹʺã˺ã
Ҷһ£ϵķ۹ȥ
һˡҶĺ˶⣺Ǹ°ɣϾͺá
Ϊˡ޳ģ˲ע޳һۡ
޳̾ϵҲûòˣǱЦ˿Ŷ֪ڿʲô
ӦںͺӼ޳ã֪ԼжˣҲЦ
ӦںͺӼ޳ģΪ˷ֹҳԲ˷ݵķˡ


117 
˼򵥣ӦںͺӼ򶼳Եͦģ˶Ƥԣ˷ݵķˣĸǳԵøɸɾ
Ҷʰ꣬޳ųȥ̵·ߡ
޳̯ĵͼ
ʱĵͼȫֻ棬ֻдµɽԼϴĳע
ҴδȥҲ˽⣬˵˵߱ȽϺã׬ǮһЩ
ӦںͺӼһۣʵҲûô˽⡣
вۼ꣬ȥͻ·;СׯС򣬱ĵطǻûȥ
룬Ӽȿ˿ڣҪȻȥ￴Ȼȥǡ˶࣬ĺĶУȥкöЩطĻãȥҲ١
Ӧڿŵͼвͬļ⣺̵Ļ԰պӼ˵ȥ뿪Ļȥϰɣϸոͣսǰٷϴ˵ʱ۲̫ߣɱһЩȻǰڿʲôǮֻҪλúãӪõɹļʸһЩ
Ӧָϵļط⼸ط߷ӵפӪأӪﳣʿԭ˵Ҳͦ￪꣬¡Ϊսң֮ǰвٵ̹ţڹȥӦûлռһϯ֮ء
޳ŰӦָָļطЩĶʵ
뷨Ŀǰʽ𲻹̫Զ̫󣬲ù
ǮƥͲˣǸϵǱߣ·ϵĻռȥ٣ʱٺõλúǰûǮȥͶʡ
ǾֻܰպӼķȥ;Щʲôȥǡ
Ӧ޳ĽͣҲԼ뵱Ȼˡ
޳ҵԸո𲽣ܶ෽涼죬¹ڵûУܴûϵĸûУĿǰҲֻһһˡ
УǾȥϣҪչ˵Ҫ꣬ĻҲʮʮ꣬żǿԽһĿ꣬պչȥ
޳ûðӦ˵дĿǰϣȷʵźܺõķչǰǣԼʵڲ
ãǾôˣȥسǵ·;ԶţԵƥˣٳ
޳ͼİ塣
ƥ²̫򰡡Ӽе㷢
õƥ˲࣬мĵطһֻӺţѼƥ֣Ϊ󲻴󣬲ó֣Ҳ١
ʱУҲΪܸɻ˻ƥܲˣɱ˳ġ
ǰԶȻʶȥѡƥǰҲǵѡСӦڸͷ
ȷʵǸ⣬޳һʱҲû뵽ʲô취ֻõȻȥɣ뿴Щ·
ӦںͺӼǡ
ҶԺｫ˵ĵ̸˸һˣ߹Ҫȥ̣
֮ǰ˵ȥ
Ҷʶ޳е˵˲ȥ
޳Ҫȥеѹ
ȥѽ˼Ǯ
޳üͷҶԼԼϡ
֪㵣ģġǺͨ˼ҲһȻ˷ӣûأסԺʲôȫҪǮһʲôҪǣ֣գǾֻܵˡǵأһ
޳Ҷĵ֣ԼĿ˵˳
ŮӣⱲһֱҾôǾûкӡʱû㹻Ǯô죿ӣкŮǶҪɲţʱҪǮֻࡣ˵ʱӲߣֻҪڣ۸ҲȵɷϵǣӵĴһ塣
޳˶٣˵ҵ˽İɡȥҲ֪֮ǰΣҲ֪㶼ȥЩطȥʶһ磬ĴɽӣصģһСͷ˻һ˫ۣʲô塣
ϲ֪ϣ˾ͿϢ˿㵽ߣÿ°ʱȥϹȥ˻õĻһҪȻû˵¸ɻвġҲ㱻
޳߶߶ţ˵ЩδҶ˵뷨
Ҷת§ס޳Ĳӣ޳ĵطĨȥ۽жᡣ
ԭ޳ѾǵδôԶ˹滮޳һʲô¶̫ϵӣΪֻƱѡ
ԼŽõĻƣΪÿһһӸе㣬Ѿܺˣδδ£޳ĺѷɫ
ҶĳһŬƽͼ޳֪Լᣬ˵ãġ
޳һУʲôɲ֧أ
˵δѽ


118 
޳ʲôˣҶľԼĻķӦʹϸ΢޳ǲˡ
޳˴Ӿһ㣬Ҷķ۽ǣָһƬʪЦ𶹶ˣ
Ҷı죺ûС
ģ޳ü
šҶıŤزͷֹ㿴ˡ
Ϊ޳üĶȾϼɫ
ô⶯ÿ޳;ĺѽȻһЩֵ顣
޳Цһ£ðɣҿˡ
˵꿴ҶĺͮͮĶ⣬ջ̲סȥ䣬꽫Ҷĵǰʹ˶ͷŶͷҶĵӳԼüӵǵñǼȥҶĵıӣҼôôɰ
ҶĵĶˣϼɫֱӵգ˭˭ҵġ
޳ȥĴ˵أ
Ҷߵȥס죬һģ͵˻˿ߡ
˾ôãֱ»ϣŸȥϴ

ƥ飬޳˼ȥֻ뵽Ƽҡ
ΪȥС㣬ƼʮƥƼӦ֪ƥġ
ֻƼߣҲڴ˼ˣĻûõóֵÿڰ
޳ţĿŵ˸ϡ
ƼҵԺѾԺӦ֪һЩİɡ
ֻ岻мڣ续ԴӸЧ֮󣬾ͺٹ䷹ˣ޳ˣȥſá
޳ڵһ죬ǰ续ˡ
СŮЦ绨غݵ죬һûֹ޳е㲻˼ڴš
Ϊҵ׼¥ʱ޳ǿ˿ڣ续пһ¡
续СŹ޳㣬ô
ЧҲŹˣվ续š
ʲôʱпգ¡
续ͷѽǺҸʰɡ
Чˣ׸Ķûôע⵽续е顣
Ǻãлл
޳ͷ续ĳЧһۣʣǡʲôʱѽ
Щӣ˺õøһƵģһ˵ȥˡ
ЧҲŪŮӸˣ˳׵ĸӦͦ
续˺죺õҵ顣
ʲôʱҲ֪Ҳ˵Ȼá
ЧҲ֪һ㣬ǰ䣺ѾѾдŸˣһҾףĻӦþˡ
Ч˵⻰ʱһֱ续ϡ
ã綼ˣǳһС롣
޳ַЩЦ˵ãˣǵøңҺȥϲơ
续ͳЧһЦԼͬãһ
续޳е£ǰʱ޳˵ˣԺϴ
ڶգҵ޳޳˵۾һ¾ظ˵ð죬ΪҾģӵһƬء
¾͸Ҹĸдţǹʱƥ
޳֪ҼǸʲôģȵòУѹżԷԴôʳģÿڳʳϵĻԶԼҶĵѣװ棬õӶǼõϸϣȴΪǮĹ
ԭǲŬҪؼҼ̳вƲĸ
ƥһİæ޳ͷİҸĸĵ
ӦںͺӼ˵ƥҪٵЩʱգҲΣоԼµģùǮеⲻȥոȥͻ˳ɽժЩҰƷ಻õԼˣƷʺõĹӾͷŵǸһС롣
ҸĸŴˣո׼յԼҶöƥţᵽ֮ǰ˵޳ҶҪ˵Ͱȥ
һ£Ҹĸڴҵ֮з糾͵
һ˳ĸСЩȫǰԲġ׳ƻƶСɽһĴ󺺣ټʮüƥëɫ⽡˶ĸͷʱƵ˵ע
Ϊ͹ڸߴòЩԭˣҶǰֻԶԶĿ֡
ӣˣǵˡǰ·ĴŸͣµҷ˵Լǣõһߣм˶࣬ǵС
áͷԼӣԼתȥĸ
һ˿ŵͼߵ򼯣Ǿȴǲ֪ôˣʣǿϵľԶԶģеͷ
̾ڽβþʹӽβ޳һһ޵ü壬ٿĿ֪Ҹĸˡ
ֽˣԼȥӭӡ
û취Ҳ֪ĸʲôʱ򵽣ճϹȥˣԿԷһ޳޳ȥӭӣҸĸҵҲȥ
һ˵ǿŽȥҲǲԣ³ǿܻڼ֮ǰȥʶһóʲô


119 Ҹĸ
أͼԱһС߳һüĿСֱֱԼĶߡ
ͦлԼҷ˽޳ߵ˸ǰ
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ǵģǣһ续ھȥסĵطǲʶ·Դ𣿡
ĸǸСĽŮӣ˼ϸЩ޳ò뺢޳ò֪˿ܾᵽ֮һѯʡ
ĸã续ھ޳ǽϹȥˣԿ׷Ҵǹȥ
޳˵ţ˸ƣԼǰ·
ʮǣƥţڴϻãӣԵеӵˡ
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ĸ޳ææµµеⲻȥǸֹϢɣ̫鷳ˣҽǹͺˡ
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120 
ҸĸˣЧΪµ֮һȻòչظҸĸ񣬵˫ĸ֮ûˣܽеһ
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Ӽ޳ͷûг۾ĿŵغͰӦڼüŪۡ


121 س
Ӧڿǳһı飬ֻ
ֲϹӼܿ޳ˣѵԼһĻûע⵽
سǹȻҪϷ࣬ûǣĹٵϾѾС̯ӣĶǽһ廨ţණ޳в
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122 
ӦҲŵſڣû˵ֻǿ޳һʱǲӡ
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123 
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124 
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Ҷſϣϵġ㡱֣ûԡ

Ϣʱ䣬ӼŷյӦڸǰ
˵ֵܣⶼˣզˣһֱŸ˭ˣ
ھֳӦڵɫžͲǺܺõӣھֵܻΪ׽ûҹ
û¡ӦڿŸǺ˵ôһͱȥܾٴν
֪֪ܿ࣬ԼȴΪòųڣӦֻԼܣң
ȻԼ͵͵ȥˣ޳Ҳû취ʹǳˣ޳ͺӼҲɨβû͵͵ȥ
׵ءѵʹţûȥ˵ıӦɣӦ롣
Ӽû취ܵ޳ȥ
㣬ӦզˣϻͲԾ
޳֪ӦЩӣԼֺγǡ
ͰӦڶûиߺӼҲֺӼڹ
ȥ˵˵ɣûʲô£㰲ĳԷ޳̾˿Ӧߡ
дŸżҺż˵£ǽΣҲ֪
޳ûӦڣԹ˵ţ˵ĬĬԶ
Ӧȴؿ
żң֪ģû뵽޳ܴżңѹ޳Ͽ꣬ͷβô˳ǸµƦӣԭںվš
£ż֣ܳżȻ֪Σ˸£Ǻ¡
Ӧĸлл
Ӧõģ·ˣ
Ӧе㲻˼ˡ
Ǿͺãе㾫񡣡
á
½⿪ӦڻָģȻǻӣҲģʦҹ˵ˡ
Ҳһ
Ϊӳκ˶ϣԼµĶŽ
һţÿһȫһ·ϲ岻ֻ·վʱŸʱ䶼¶Ӫ
տʼΪ޳ֲû뵽˼ҸƵģɶ¶ûУˣ졣
գһţ߾ƮһƬƣտʼû˵£Ǻܿ߾Ͱ಻òҸԿտĵطͣ
죬һͲǺûУûп׶©ˮģϸ˰Ҫһ⣬Ƥ˩ƥСߺȣк²鿴ˮʩ


125 
˻æûæŴְ˽ŵġ
Ůб޳һ񣬴Ҷæ޳ԼãǰŲ񣬺Ŵ¡
ЩЩģ޳֮лǵĳ
޳̲סЩЦ
죬ûԵһ죬޳ѵ徻ʼ˼ڼҵҶ
Ҳ֪ҶڸʲôǱǲ꣬ûкúóԷ
ʹ졣
Ǳн
޳䵶ƿͳĵطܹȥ
Ļòɿ޳۳嵽Ӧߣһ󱳵
ѵãǺųƱ֮еľӣȻҲУʵں
ôû°ɣ޳ɤʰӦڡ
û£Ӧһǰ˵ұۣʧȥұ۵˿ڵϴʧȥս
޳ԼǰˣűӦ˵ˣ˳ϻȫʧȥֵŽźͰӦڼʣµˡ
ߵ˲࣬޳ͰӦڶģû¾ͽȫŵȥԱ֧Ԯˡ
ͻȻѲߵ˻ûü࣬Ϊƹ󣬺޷ǹмѾˣ֮Ȼȥ˲սڶԷ̫࣬ӦȻЩ
޳ŰӦڳȥţ˺һӣǳ嵽˵ʦߣ˵Ĺ
֧ŵʦʱ䴭һյ۲һ޳ʽ֣ȫû·ֻó޳˸вƵġ
ٶҲ죬ÿÿ˵ĵоҪת۾ͱȥͼ˾ͱһŵ˿ûһ˿
ʦ۾ûٿˣٴμս֡
һɱ޳Ҳ֪˶ãͣµʱΧϵˮѾ˺ɫ
Է˹ʶ֮ˣߵùŻҲûȥ׷
ʦǶٶˣǳ࣬첲Ҳ˲ʡ
СһЩ˲Լˣк˵ĸ˵ñȽصֵܰߵ޳ߣ޳ϰһʱΪ
һֻ޳һŮӣȻ޳װ·ҲڸǲǸŮӣҪôźã
һԼԴ
ǵģʱȱˣ¼޳Ҫ˭¡
ڼϣ޳Լ϶ǲе
ĿͶ˰ӦںͺӼ򣺡Ӧ޳ɣǿôһ£
ӦںͺӼҲΪѣ޳ȥ
ϰӣӦֻз˿ԿİɣҪˣ˻᲻ǴСЬ
޳˿ڣĿڰӦںͺӼ֮俴һ£Ӧڣ
ӼǸûʲôǸģƽֵģӦǸٵģ˼ϸЩ˵²ʲô»ǰӦȽϺá
Ӧڶ޳ѡһ£ҲûΪʲôȥ˸ɾɴҩĬĬ޳󣬽޳
޳ǸǼˣ˼ͿЩټԶԱ֮以ǳе£ҲŤֱӾͽ¸ˣðӦ۾֪š
ΪҪ򴦵·Ȼ취ɴš
ã޳أ·Ҳûȫˣֻ¶˵ĵ߼
Ӧڼ˿Ѫֱ˲ʲôزˣֻԼھ˵սȣѸ˿ڣҩȻɴ
˿ڲòɴ޳òһߵֱ۴·ʹ¶˳
ʱӦڲŷ޳һ˰ֱֱ̣ӵȥڹصĲ֮С
Ӧڰе𾪣۾ؾصط˿ϣҿע
ˡú󣬰Ӧھʹۡ
лˡ·ʪ޳û·ϣȳȥɣһ·
á
ӦŸոտ˰ֱ̣ӻȥˣȫûע⵽Ӽ첽ǰҪѯʵӰ
޳·۵ļЩҲ֪Ҷĵµʱûע⵽Լϵ˰̣ǵõĻԼԺºѽˡ
ţ⴫˺Ӽ
㣬ôˣϲذ
ӼϲϰӦڣֵ޳ֻߵǰѯʡ
޳飬ƿû£Сˡôˣ
ˣĸˣû˵ڼ¸˵ҪϽ뿪ҲߣҪȻǻͷ鷳ʹˡ
˵ô죿޳ʡ
˲˸··ϵ»顣


126 ط
Ҳû취ɣãȵһֵȥΣáӼе嵶Ļû˵ڣ֮ﲻ˾
޳һ룬ҲҲˡ
˵ʦŵѺ˻ϣٸһͲ꣬һ˺ܿʰöðǰС
뿪ãһСɽ˲ֻǵµʬ壬ڶëû¡
쿴صʬ壬֪ûԼó٣û˸ˣһӣն˻ȥִ·Сķشظ
ʣµɪŲ˵ԶˣŸҴֵʬ
Щʬ֮ͣǰɾٸע⣬ǽ鷳
Сȥ̧Զ棬иڿӵˣֻҪںãЩٲɷ˾ͱǵֵǺ˽ȥʵʵһ鵱Ĺʹõʯͷû˷ȥ
طĬظŴ̧ʬȥС֣ˡ
ʬ嶪ת汻̧ʬ˿Щ֡
ط࿴ֻۣ˿ڿеϤûǰ顣
һ󣬸ŵ̧ʬĵطȥŷһʬ壬в˿ڡ
ط͵һ¡

ˣԭĸ˴˵ĽҴ͵ҽݺǮ;ˣٴһЩҩȵҩҲҪһЩ
һһС򸽽ͣ£లŽһϵй
һ˲̫˳ԭ־Ͳ֮£ˣ־͸ӽȱˣֲʱˣеʲôˣǶ˻ﶼġ
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Ӽ˿գЩǵߵ޳ǰ㣬㻹ûзȣ
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Ӽϸϸһɫûʲôֿһļ򣬷ûѪŸҷ뿪
ﲻ˵ʦ˵ȵû˵˼ҪʣҪԱʵæҡ
޳ѹһ¼ϵ˿ڣоһ㣬Ҳȥæࡣ
һ죬ټһս󲿷˶˵ˣûüϢҴææʰ·ƣòС
ֹˣɡһʦ޳нӹĲ˵
û£˵磬ָɻûʲô󰭡޳Ц˵æջ
аɣҪǾ˾Ϣǲٸ·ˣٵûϵ
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ʦ޳ɻҲûоܾĹ˲١
ʱ֪ӳʱйһŮӣ͵˸϶ĽŲϺȣ뷴ţǸİӦںͺӼˣǺܲĴ֣޳ΨǴӣֽȱ£Ҳֻסˡ
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޳ͷûʲôǻǸоͷеΡ
Żеˣ޳롣
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ܹ꣬ȻһĽĺˬ
ţǰһӡ
޳ͷȥǳࡣ
ࣺǽϴϴһҪǶȵĻ鷳
޳ӹСӣ۾һ䣬ϵ˿ڶоûôˡ
õġ
໹£Ӹ޳ִҴ뿪
ոյʦˮ޳űߵСӣ֪ǽҲŸ
֮ǰ˽һһҷ˹ȥſʼ󷹡
ԱŴĽ۲Ϊ˲ܺȣֻ۰ͰͿţŰ׿ˮԼȵǽĬĬ
פĵطտɫûȫҲһ̲ŻȫΧ̨졣
ֹô뵽ҪѽӼͰӦڲˣƥԼ·ɱȸǰȫˡһʦʡ
⼸죬ȻҲʹӦںͺӼκÿαʵʱܿ޳ȻЦŲ˵
ʱҶ޳죬޳ǸҶȥš
ǣЩ£Խǲ˵ҾԽǺһһ˵Ŀ⡣
Ҳ֪ͦţ·̫ģиĻҲ
ţֲôʶ·Լ˿ˣɳ¸ҪˣԾʹȸų¸һˣǮǮУʲôģֲΥ
޳˵
ԭҪ̵ĻǸˣ⡭ʦ˵һȥĵطزҲ٣ǰ͸¶·ߣǶһ£˿ڣ¸ЩܹٵطЩطЩʲôز֪пոģ˵֪١
ɲǣϴȥǸطкٺвٺĶأɡǡʲôģЩ½ûСǿϧĺԱ棬Ȼ˵ĵطȥ϶ܴ׬һʡ˵ǸʰҲ֪ʲôʱлȥһˡ
˵ʦҰ죬ƺڻζζ


127 
ʦԣЦһļ򣺡
ʦͬĿ㲻ֻÿڳ¸ӵʱҪʳ¸ǲǺĵӶѡ
ǸʦؽҴһƬЦЩڨڨӣ˵Լ֪Ϣ
ߣǱвٸɹԳڱ棬·ϸãеҪ˹ֻߵļǮƽճԲ𡣲һЩʳҲûУҪѧŵǮѧһЩչҲǱЩеʲôĹԼСҲáȻ׬ǮǷҲ󣬲̫á
ʦЩĳոտʼʱҲ˼꣬Ҳü׬ǮҲ׬̫̫Σգתʦ˼꣬ľ浽ֻۣܺ뿪ССš
ҲǰֲЩҲûʲôܱЩţҪȫҵѹڼϼǮҲͰˣʵȥĻͱ˰ɣ˻ͦģʱǮβˡ
ҷ׷Ȱţù̻ʦ̫࣬ǻû׵ģ¶޵ģƤֲˣ۵ڣžͲÿ
ԺҪ̸ۼޣ˼зһ˶й۾Ͳãֱ˵ϵģǻã˲ɻ飬߸ص
¾Щϻ˵⣬ף˲ռȻ˵ģһǿǵ˴ù
ȻҪŮǾνˣŮӼңĸأ
޳֪£ҲûǹֻǴҾ࣬Щݡ
ʵҲûܶãȳ̽̽·ʲô·ҪǺɣԺмܣҿͳɡ
޳Ц˵
ͦõġ
޳˵꣬޳Ҫģӻ￪꣬жˣ㿴ôҪýĻҾͲˣɡ
ԱߵһϣСӣͦ밡ֹһɲҪǳɣʱ˵һҾ˵ġ
㣬ֹ˵һ㲻˵ϰ壬˵ֹҲһ£Ĳ˵
ҵµķ֮·һߴߴš
ûʲôģ֣Ҳ塣
ʱԼһҪ޳ɣһʱ䶼֪˵ʲôá
ЩСӣǵˡ
޳ʦǶţĳ࣬ЦŸ࿪Ц¸磬ǶҪˣʲôأ
һۣҪҲ˰ɣʱҰܹǡһģƤӵ£Ҫˡ
޳ĸſЦҲЦ
ôһ֣ͨ˶ˣ޳ƿǣľ׽һ£к룺˺ˣһˣϽԷɡ
ĸͬͽҽʦûǾֻȳԷˣǴҩܸյԱҩ
޳ŴŶҨ࣬һԴоеΣǼֵܸϽҪȻ˾鷳ˡ
վԱߣĶֱֱһĶͷ
оͷϴ¶ȣ֣˻ɻܣ
ӼͰӦæ
㣬淢ˣӼ˵ţҲ˲ʲôأ־Ҫ޳Ķͷ
޳һĿӼ֣û£еգҩһվͺá
˺˿Ϊ˿ڸȾĸգ޳ûһΣҲ֪껹˿ڸȾ𣬶ֻǵգ޳ûôϡ
üͷ뵽ûҪҲûãҲû˵Щʲô
ӦֱһЩӹ޳е룬˵ȥŰɣҸʢ
޳ֵУԼ˸طš
Էʱ䣬ʦϵرпյţ޳û廰ĬĬ죬Ȼһֻص˵Զӵĸо
ԶӣҲشһүڳԷϢʱһ٩ʲô˵һһ߰ĳԶ
ҪǴҶھͺˣشӦʮ˰ɣڣӦк˰ɡ
޳ţȻеش
棬޳ƤԽԽأϻȵģܼˣɴˡ
ĸʦϲŻһפĵطϵҩͱ͵ȵĶȥؿʼҩ
޳ʳϢ䣬оͷһֻĴƷﱻ˹̵ֿҺ壬޳ʶ࿪ͷֻƽԴȵģˣ֣Ÿո̧ͱסˡ
޳΢˼£ûֻſˡ
ӼŰӦ˳޳ιҩŷſ޳˫֣һ
ҩˣҪɵˡ
Ӧ룺š
޳Ұһ죬еίԴеԺģʶҶģ࡭
ӦڡӼ򣺡
аɣιҩҪԹ


128 
һ޳վˣʱеɡ
ŻһŸһʰ
Ѻڵ·ߣһֻмĳԱ֪޳һ·Ͼ͸ųߣҲ֪յ
ͣͣһ£һſдɽׯׯ԰ǰͣ¡
ʾͱɽׯɳ˽ֹȥͼĳԱŹȥǺ˶֮β
޳ֻʱֻſڵţɽׯ˺ϵҲǸɵȣȻûţŲԶ·СͤӣɽׯǵСͤϢЩ ̶ͳ伢ĸ㡣
ЩŴĸ㣬ͨлԣһ̾µĸʦˮˡ
ɽׯһߣǾȲ˸ӽ
治ɽׯдʦʳﶼôϵΡ
ɲǣôһС飬ھ¥һɣ
ʦһ߳ţһߴߴ
޳ûԣرؽŲ˹ȥ޳ҲЩ㣬ҲɽׯǳˣɾûˣԺԻԼǮģһõء
ʦ˵꣬һζġ
޳һμôµĸ㣬Ưö֪죬õһʱûãֱӽˣ޳еΡ
ʦǼֲ֡
޳ǵһγָɣҵһγԵʱñ飬ô֪ôÿ
һʦ޳ΣЦ˵ԼľǵԱߵļʦҲЦ
ǣ޳㲻֪ʱڳĿɲֻԼˣйţǳ棬ʱԱߣŸ㶼֪òóԣù⡣
޳ǵĻ֪ڿοԼҲˣȥԼɼǿŵˡ
㲻úÿҲѣڼڳ㣬ζ
޳һγԵôóԵĸ㣬üëúóԡ
һ곤һʦԵ𣬽ǰĸҲŲ˹ȥǾͶԵ㡣ǹģǳԲǿ϶Ҳӵġ
ЩĶŮǰԣϧȣ㻹飬ôȥȻ޳ԣǾͰԼһݸɣСŮҼҵģҲס
лл塣޳ЦŸлӹͳ
ָ㶼һ£޳ԸֶһǾϣлᣬҶҲԵôζĸ㡣
Ҳ֪ԼڼЩˣûкúóԷú˯޳ţе
ٶ࣬ڳĶǷĴүǣ޳ҲǸܳԵģЩûһͱøɸɾ
βͽǮ˸ӵʦ
޳ʱ򣬳еΪѡ
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ûҪǮ
Уÿʮ֮ǰԤ˶ʮڸǽβʮǮˣҶˣÿ˶úˡ
ɽׯǮ٣ǷǮеȼģͺĳԱ˴ͷȻȫְʣµ֮޳ʱֻٵˡ
Ǯ˵Ǹ֮ϲҲû˭ȥƽϵôģǮҸ𣬸߸˵뿪ˡ
һûܺúϢ޳˼ҿλеĿջ˷ˮ˸裬Ȼſڴ˯˸
ӦںͺӼȻ
һ˯ڶ磬޳Ǳڵĳѵġ
޳ſڴϣϸһ£˸ڷʲôžеĲҰҵץˣȻԭһʧ֣еĵӶ˳еϣţٸˣԭԼдܲϡ
ԭ仹еݵӣٸСӲֻСȰţһ˵޳ʼĩ˸ȫ
޳ͷ˸̾ǳ˻棬Ҳ֪ǳбҵôˡ
޳Щ棬ϴʰɾ״·شӸǰ߹һ۸ڷڵ
ֻһڵϣԱ߻˸
ͷѪǱץʱڴϣ·ûþʹˣڵϣͰ͵ģҲˣһ⼷ͷͼֻ֮һ죬岱ӳʲô¶˳׵ĸˡ
޳̾˻ȥţۣ
޳꣬Ϊ˹עĹ·չҵһԿſڵλ£Щʳһӣһ߹עš
ã޳ͿӦںͺӼԼһ·ڵʱ˽Ų˼۲Ź
ӦںͺӼţһתͷͶ޳Ц˫ۡ
ӦڡӼ򣺡
Եʱ򣬱ϰ忴ˣӦò۹Ǯɣ


129 
ͷɽ
طܱߵĺƽ೤££ĳȥˡ
Σһ£źɫͷ棬վ֦ҶïĴ£Ϣ֮󣬼ҪͺҹΪһ塣
ȥٵȼ졣طѹ
㡣˵˺ҹطƾŶԷʱĺж϶ԷԶ֮󣬲ŷ֮ǰλ£··
۾طӿٵ˼λȡկӵĲͼ˱ֻĲص㡣
ǰʱ䣬կЩСආȥڶӣûҲͰˣԼȥ󵱼ҵıΪ͢˷˵·ģһ¾ȥʮˣϷ˺ôһͨԴ󵱼סΪĵķԲʮףϴҴ
£կķһЩطԭƻǱ󵱼סѰϵжҲȡ
طһʱ䲻֪ÿԼļƻǸøСӦá
˶йٸԵףȻ˷СҲ˵ϸʱϵԽã˷˵ѶȾԽһתƣڵ鷳ǵüӿˣطĬĬš
ϰɣ˵մ󵱼׼һƱģʱҲȥʱԼ١

ǶǮˣ޳嶼ֱͦˡ
һ·ϿԵĶǮʵģֱӾ£ʵģ࿴Ȼһҡ
֮ߣ޳Ӱ˵һЩҲСӾͻ˲٣ΪҶƥϺòϡһһ̳е¿֮޳֣ˡ
ͳˣʲôʲộȥɣٰʮӣڴϲ̨档
ԼССӻ̣Ҳͨյ⣬öõҲȥõ޳̫໨ڵĶֻѡһЩġ
죬޳ʹŰӦںͺӼظ㷵;ٿЩʲôزٴһͳˡ
ڷ̵ĹٵϼڲòڵϾͽ˸طϢ
ΪϴŻƥֿòУأ޳óȻޣ֮ǰڵʱסڶӵģ˶û׼ֻ¶ɽҰ
û޳ȥߣʲôԵġ
ԵȫǸ޳е⡣
ҲȥɡӼ򲻷ġ
ˣԼȥӦ￴ͶȥС޳ҡͷܾ˺Ӽ顣
ӼüȻòס
ӦһѺӼ΢΢ҡͷȥɡ
⡭Ӽ˵Щʲôͼ޳ɽ֣ȥ׷ˣӦһסˡ
Ӽৡһ˦Ӧڵ֣һԼȥô죿
֮ǰ޳ǳտɰŻˣֺʲôãһСˣҪûˣɶȲˡ
ÿʱߵԼͰӦڣҪģûзضֶŻɻµģ˭ܾ
ӼԽԽŰӦڰ۶Ҫ졣
ˣֱʯĳ̫ϧ
ֿǱ㻹ã㵣ʲô˵ˣ˼ҹңܾǲһ˸أ
ӦòŸɲݣøոȼĻյøһЩȻ޳Իÿԡ
Ů˼һЩ鷳£˵һκ˽˿ռ䲻
Ӽ˿ھ뷴뵽ʲôֱ졣
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Żû޳˳ֿһ֦ľìԱʱ֮裬һһɽߡ
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130 
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ͷկܣʱѾΧһȺˣЩ˻ԾʯΪ壬Ͻï֦ܵҶסԼӰЩܱߵĵ֦Լϣſ̽կ
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ҺҶկֻҪԼܵԺȥ㹻
󵱼һһ߰Կģ˿Ϊկ˵ģҲΪȥ˸еΡ
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һ߶ţһߺʹ󵱼ҴֵܣҾ·ģҵʧˣһͨ·ˣ̧һ³ɲ


131 С
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ǱߵĺѲͰˣһڿ˵·Ůֶ˵ãͨ˵ӡ
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ߵһˣ޳һºӼϵ˿ڣ˿ڱȽǳѪѾֹסȴİӦż޳ط˵һ׼뿪


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˴Χж޳ͺӼϽ⣬黹ûˣס޳ͺӼȥ·
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ٺ֪Դ˲ԼҶԼҺǣ˶ˣͲǿ֪ˡ


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135 
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137 
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޳ҶҪЦЦı飬е㲻˼صͷ


138 ɵƯ
ҶļҵͷҪˡ
пӰɣ
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140 ҳ
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ΪǮŬɣϰģôܱԱأ

طʱ޳ڸࡣ
طһϵ·ҵ޳סϧûڼңطֻԺſڵš
ǵȵ޳Ҷģǣֻؼҵʱ򣬾ͱط忴˸š
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磿޳ϲؿһΪҪþòء
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áطеĲ뱻֤ʵһ£Ҳܿ췴ӦӦҶĵʺá
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Դ磬Ӧһһ͹
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ԣϢҵȻȥ
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ҶϿһæһ죬Ѿֿ˺þãû뵽һҲ֡
ԭֵ֮ܽĸ
ǣӤõЩһ𳤴ˣȥˣҲûһЩ͸ʶһ


141 
ҶеĽ֮ĸ飬תһ룬Լ޳֮䣬ҲͦõģʱָоûʲôĽˡ
ҶĿһĵͦõģԼͽ˳ȥˣ÷һ޳ֱ⿣ʡЩʱ䣬Ҳ޳Щ
СŮѣͦԵİطҶ뿪ø첲һ޳
úÿģ
Ȼ磬ͨŮӱļܣЩﶼǼӷ
ǡ޳⣬۳˵ǰͷҾ϶ˣͬͬ⣬ûá
طҿֶµ𣿡
޳̸̸ѣ˭̸ѣ޳ͷҲ˼״磬Ƕ಻ҪŻȥ˼ҵĸ顣
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Ǿͺã׼ţ⼸û׼ֻһ㣬ɱ̫磬ҲΪ
޳һذطеӲҽϡ
㡢ףط岻ţ֮䣬Ǹ
طΧ޳תƣ´ţ·𿴼ʲô֡
ѽΪСء
޳˽һ֪ʲôͷߡ
ǲ飬ҲûҪô
޳ֻ֮ҪףܸʲôֻܽȻ˵һЩףĻͳɣҸ͸ҵš
úúãһƯƯġطͷ
Сõ£ɲ
ﶼǽãطжƥǣȥ޳һιЩˮͲϣŽݡ
ⶫõȤôطָͲġʣһ
ʵǽߵĸӼϻÿһЩ
޳һĿֻ֣ܿɱˡ
ⶫ̫Ǹ֮һЩر࣬һ飬᲻⡰ٵ̫죬ϾҲҶ֮ĸ֤֮һأúúûŲС
޳һ¿û飬ط塰ಡһ֣ӿתԼĶϰ飬һ·λܿͲ³⡰Ϊʲôͷˡ
УͲ԰ڵӡ
޳ŷŹ
Ҷģ޳ģ˳һֵͣһٷ޳Ҳǳ˽⵽ط嵱ǰ״
ط崩ʱԭѾ뿪ˣԭӡطѹûþͱؼҷ򸾼ȥš
ؼҷ򸾵ʱûкӣط嵱׶ôȥؼҷһֱûкӣҲ֪ǲ֧֣ؼҾطһСƫƫҵԽԽ󣬾طؼҵǸŬҪؼҼ̳мҵĸ
̳طϲ̽ʲôģܵԼǶСȥˣܰӡ
괩һΣҶģطҲ֪޳ûкҶ˵˵ޣҶȻ֣Ҳû롣
޳Ҳͦõģط˽⣬ͷ̳һףǰÿӦ극ֻҪԹ䣬лɱģȻῼȥԼϲĹ
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סӣʰˣˣ·𣿡
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޳
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޳ˣȥһɡ
˵·ط岻Ҳ˯ϡ
ʵܴطͼ
ɣҴϾ˯ſȥʡһϴϯӡ޳˸ۡ
˼ҸˣɶҪͦߣڸɾ涼ȽעأҲ֪Ǹʲô⣬ôЩ˻ôֲڡ
Ǻðɡط岻ʲԸؾ׵·ͬ޳ȥ·顣
·ϲģȻܴϧ˿ϧˣط̾
޳ڸڸ续·Ӹط壬ȥϴ衣
Ҷʰûط壬޳أ
ϴءȥҸ·Ȼϴ޳˵Ž˷䡣
ҶлҪҲ˽ȥ
ǸҪסѽ
סľõĻʱͳһЩ
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šҶСϡ
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޳طһĻӦǻɽİɣϾԶӵģԼţǾͲɽˣԼ㡣
ԣ
ҶĺȻʶЩطԾ
޳Ŀⶼˡ


142 
޳Ҷյءޱ
޳һ⣺ôˣ
·ֽ˽ôͻȻյĽ
ߣҶƲͷȥˡ
ģ޳ˣϽ·ߵҶߣűߣ˫ȥҶĵ֣ҶĶ㿪ˡ
ģ㡢˵ɣôǣ
ôͻȻ֮أողǺúõ
ҶĲ֣޳ţִֻܽϥϣһҶûܿҪȻʹˡ
ǿɲС
Ҷ˵ͷ
طϴˡ
ҶĲط֪Ҫ̸ʲôֻõ޳һۣš
˵·ȥˡ
ط廹ݣҶĳͷ
Ҷط޳⣬طԼʾãе㲻ڣӺҵһͷʹҴҽԡҡ
ط屻״̬ŪһͷˮոճԷǻúõСø˵ɶˣн
硣޳˳
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޳ҡͷҲ֪ѽͣͦͻȻġ
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á
طһת޳ɫʱͿ
⵽ô¶ѽ
ȴʱ쳣޳ֻúһͣſҶĴԡҳ
ġ޳յҶߣҶĸƿˡ
𿿽ҡҶĵ
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Ҷļӣе޳ƭӲ
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޳βȥˣѾܾΣΣԼ޳
ӣҶǰ£˶ţ˫ַϥϣ˴׶԰Сѡ
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ƨҶĴ
ֱں˵˵
Ҷ۾ˣطոڷ϶˵ˣʱͱؼطЩؼҿ϶ȱǮôܻطȥôΣյ£
Ҵǵط˵˵ʮûˣʮ꣬ʱ򲻹ط廹޳˶ǸСްɣʲôԶӣ
޳ϣãһαҶôףӿհһƬȫ˼ˣҶķ
ҶҲίǿ޳ãӣѹԼ˵˳
޳֪꣬Ҷԭ򣬿ֹ£˵Ҳ֪ҶĻ᲻ţֻ߾ԼΪƭ±һ׵
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˵ˣ㲻š
㲻˵ô֪òţ
޳һȭͷ·һشģҲˣҲܱκιһߵˣǴδġ˹ģظ괩ԽһѾȥСϣȻؼҼȥ絽ʮꡣ
Ҷ𾪵Ŵͣ㵱Żʲôʶʶ󹫼ʶө桭ʲô᣿
ԣеණǱ߶ûУԵʲôҪҲС
˵飬𣿡
ģֻ㲻Ųû˵޳صͷ
Ҷѹе𾪣˼·ͻ޳ϴ
㣬û´ˡҶװͰ͵ġ
޳ŵҲԭλҶ汣֤ãû´Ρ
ˣող㶼Ҫˡ
ҶĿ̬ȲıӣǾɣ˯
컹ҪϹء
޳˵ƣƿҶĵߣϰԽ˰ԼĻ
Ҷĺܿ˯˹ȥ޳ȴһ˯ⶼûС
ȷҶѾ˯֮͵͵չȥˣ׻ͷҶĵľѣ·ȷ˻Ƶġ
ҶıòУое㲻ģʶȥ޳ƿ
޳һϣŰһ㡣

Ҷʱ򣬰߼û֪ͷȥ޳ĸ첲˯㣬ֻü΢壬۵Щڡ
ҶĶʱˡ


143 
Լ޳Ļһ۾İȫС
ڣȴ޳Լĸ첲һԼߣʹ˯˶üͷ壬Լŵ˰ɡ
Ҷһ޳ü䣬Ҫüǳ
һڣ첲˳ȻԼͷȥ
ȵָ֪ŵȥ·޳һ֪
طԺŰӴȭû磬һתͷҶĴһܵһ·ס
ﰵԾΪ޳أû뵽ۡ
硣طҶĴк
Ҷĳͷ硣
Сôطʡ
޳Ҷģô޳չҶĵĶһЩֻǱʵȴǸСҶķչ޳ĻطԼΪ磬һԼΰˡ
ûУ˯һЩٵġʱѾ緹ˡ
Ҷ˵ţԼе顣
˼Ҹ棬˵˼︶̫࣬á
Ҫطӻ޳̫ˣӶһô죿
ǾͺãҪʲôչĻҵһҪȻ׳ôߵĸӺô
ط˵ţԼŶͷҪǸԼ۸㣬͸˵Ҳ
ҶĺЦ˵Цˣ޳˵ģû׹ء
ϣ޳Լˣ˵ͲˣСһԹԵġ
ǾͺãǲǶ۸㣬˲岻ģ㶼Ҫ£϶Կط廹ǲģϾҶĿһ㶼޳Ķ֡
ҶĿЦã磬İɣ޳ˡ
㣡㻹СءطһĪ⡣
Ҷû취ٽȥ޳Ҫ۸СƭŮˣϽ˵ԼҪȥϴͣŴطѳ
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ͱȽϼ򵥣ӵ˾Ӧˡ
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һˣȻҶıʾûס˼άɢ˼룬ҶĲԼˣԼֿ˵ĸ龰ȻҹĸԼίòУҹԺ˯˹ȥ
˯ͷˡ
طʱɵģеץȥˣô˼Ķñ硣
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ط忴ȻûʲôҵӣСѾˣҲͲˣͷרĳ͡

òط޳ɽŴһԣ޳ܾˣҶĲϣɽ
طоͦźġ
֮£޳ȥתơ
תƵģȻİٻ̣Сֵ࣬޳طʱ򣬻Ϊ޳Աء
һܣ֪ط޳Ĵ磬СΪԼǰ³çڡ
طֵӣһȭԼȥ֣Ҫ֪ԼǵǽҪ⡣
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طС͸طߣĿȾ֮£ȻԼϲ̣һŵξӪ֪һЩģһȦ޳˲ٽ飬Ҫע͸Ľĵطһһָ˳
޳Сںţǳ
޳طǱһƬգҶȴæµѡ
Ҷĵһ£׼ãݼ٣һοеʱ䣬޳طʱͽһ׼
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ҶĴ룬ױ˿ʽòУﻹذһѶЩмˣҲʰþӵӡ
طһԺӣͱӦڼƵλӵм䡣
ط޳ѣһ֪̾Ҷʲôˣ㲻ⶼûУЦеضҶķӡ
ҶŵҪ룬ԼõطͬԺԼ޳һ˳Ͼ޳ĳͬˣ˵лûͷ
ôһ룬Ҷľûôˡ
硣Ҷվطǰ΢΢ӣ⾡ԣܱǸûиǰ˵£㻹ᣬڴҵļ֤£ϿɣϣͬҺ޳һͬͨ
ֻҲû׳Һ޳Ƚ⣬Ļ޳ί㽫֤ϣ粻Ҫ


144 
̫࣬طе㲻ڣӻ֣һЦǿ϶ģãҲȥǲԵĶˡֻǣǣҲЩҪСãҲһ
޳ǰվҶĵߣЦ⡣
һǾ˼ǵģҲǹһҪٵһЩѣΪ磬ôϣǺúõģͷǽԴϲԺ󣬲˭ҶϣǺþۺɢҲĸίԹҡ
޳곤һЩҲǿһЩҪչģһЩĦЩģԹͨһҪ顣ɻѣһܱһ˸ԼϾǿҪţСɴ޴¡
ԽԽ֪һһЩĻҲͻöϣЩеûģǶһĶ⣬ͬʱҲ̫˵۷ϣԼģů֪Ҫ˵ԼۣӶȥһЩ޷ص顣
ط˵һΣϣܴһա
⼸յദҲóĿǰ˵ĸܺãֻǶδҲ֪ǵʲôĹ滮ϣ޳Ҹ
磬ǻģһúõģȻṼ޳ǣҶĵ֣֣سŵ
ҲһֻҪ޳֣ҾͲ벻ҶĿ޳ս޳֣˼䣬·ֻˡ
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˵ĹϵҶĵףǹ·޳Ҷطʱ򶼾ûۿӦǼӦסƵȥ
СģеҸһĸоһ뵽ԼҪĸĸߵýĻҪֱӽ붴ɡ
طǳԼڸҲôˡ

ûʲôģҶ˼֮˹˼죬ͰѺĵطһ飬ϵľ¥Ҳȥһ£ȽЩ鶼һ飬طļҲͲʣˡ
ǰһ죬طط˵Ļý޳ȥһҲǾͽ˵˳
޳ԼνȥҲһǵķģطڣʳʲôģ޳һ㶼ġ
ģôҪһȥ㲻ȥĻҾͲȥˡ޳Ҷ˵
Żûã޳Ҳ̫ΪҶķֿϲһǲź档
ģҲһȥɣõǮ⣬ǱмأҲǿţǵֱסȥͳɣԺȾ͸ӲóˣֱӼ¾ͳˣȥǱߣֻ־ͳɡ
طҶӡͦõģ˵޳ǿԺԼϵɽ»𺣵Ļ飬ҶľڼСãرҪ˺ǻ֡
λǣ޳ҲͦҶĵģ޳ĹϵãûʲôҪԴġ
Ҷʵûô࣬ǾԼ٣̫ãֲƵģˣµԽԽ࣬Ӷѻ˲٣Ҳ֪Ųˡ
ҶЩΪѡ
ȥʹµĿɣҪǲˣҿûߡʱ˵ģرڸϹʱˣ˭µģ᲻İɡ
ΥԼȻֻмǼҲǮѽ
㲻õģҹȥ˵һͳɡط岻ʲôѵġ
ؼҺͽõĽ飬Ҫ˲ʲô¡
棬Ҳ֪طôͽù˵ģ֮ñҶĵְλֱӹȥϹͳɡ
ǣ޳ٴε˦ƹǰСһְŰӦںͺӼԵֵ̣ƥԶţҶطʻһ·ȥ
ҶĴδȥʲôУǵѶ;ǣҲŽ϶˳˳ؽ˳ǣ˫˲ͱֵĽ˹ȥ
ǳǣҪȰҶĶֱ޳ȥ䡣
·µʱҶۼ⿴˵޳Լ·ͬ޳ʹҡΡ
޳㿴·һ
޳̽ͷȥҶİһ𣬴Сڿȥһ۾ͿǼӡ
ţǼҹҳ·񶼺ܲϲĻǰ͹޳˵
Ҷͷţط˸޳׼֮У·ͦģŲ֪޳СĶУ޳ϵģ߲ϲģĸģʵҲþãûҪˣǾܾ޳顣


145 
Ҷĵľܾ޳еź
ܿ죬ط˱Ժ
ʱ䣬ǾסɣԺѾͷС˶Уʲô¾ʹǾͳɡط彫˵Ժܼңһͬ޳Ҷ˵
á޳Ҷͬ
ϹܼҽӹʹӣȻ󹧹غһߣﰵĦλݡ
Ǯ˼ҵķӸиƯ޳ʹѾżլӳʲôǼؼұԺǾþޡ
Ҷĵһν˼ҵԺӣһ·Ϲ˿ݲݺ͵ȵȥˣ޳Σſʣµ·һ·ǻţ˰߲ȿա
Ҷͣʱ޳͸ͣط屾ǰͷ·ҲòŷŲ˿ˣټǰߡ
ϹܼҸǺ棬طûΪ˵е겻֪ͷ²СҪСźˡ
޳֪Ϲܼҵ˼ҶĿˣ˸طĽŲס޵ĵط
ҵʱ޳ٴθ̾
Ӵǲһұ󡣡
طЦϲĻһȥ˵һҪ͸㡣
޳ҡͷнŵģǳ£ռˣɩӰɡ
طһ磬ֲΪռ˱ˡ
У㣬Ҫ˵طνڲҪԺҸ;͵ˣյǾͿϢɣҪǾòۣͽ˴ڱԺתתȥĻͽ˸Ǵ·ҪܡһҪȥ٣ҪȻðˡ
طһ߶߶ֻ޳һˣָ޳һ𵽴ܣҶãطʵڲġ
ǷȨֲҪҲ࣬ˣ޳߻ţҲδܰȫǳȥؼҵˣʲôȺúΡ
޳֪ط廹ôʱ򣬲֮࣬ϸ룬Ҳ֪طΪԼҶĺãǹԹԵͷ
ã֪ˣ㹤æĻȥæɣõǡ
޳֪߹ԱļŵģȻط˵ҪȥϰˣǾζʵѾϵˡ
طͷҾˣǵ¾ˣԼҾͳɣģǵ𣿡
ҶıرĶЦˣǵ˴磬ֲСˣͷİɡ
ǵ·ϣ˼Ҷģûиϵ̫죬һ·һЩʱ䣬ԭԤʱ䣬ûˡ
طʱȥ򿨣˲ϣϹܼһͨŷ뿪
طһߣϹܼҾͽߡ
ֹҶһ·֪࣬λҪЩʳӣ
үرյˣЩ˵ģȻúúźš
޳תͷȥҶģ𣿡
Ҷӣеˣǵ˵ͷ
ϹܼҺۼҶʲôرԵģԺרŵĳʦ󲿷ֵĲ˶
ҶѾˣԷĻͳԲˣֲ֪ŴﶼЩʲôԵģȻЩΪѵؿ޳
޳Ҷĵľȣ룬ǿԼ𣿼춼·ӦڿܱȽĶ
޳Ҳ֪ԵʲôĻʱ˵ʱˣǻԼ̯أֺֿóԡ
Ϲܼе죬û׳ȻǿԵģ
ԺƽûʲôˣʦĹЩҳ˸Ժ˳Եģ»磬ûʲôڳ˯žҪܹȥȻѣΪӹˣɵ
һ̧ͷǹܼңȻСһƤţܡܼҡʲô𣿡
㱻˾ץֳɣ˯ûˡ
ϹܼҲؿӲ͸ٻȥϢڳ֮顣
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һԶغθ˲٣ⲻ𣿡
غüͷЩͬ˵꣬һϢСãôô˵
ط˱ͻȻθߵһֿüʱôˣôͺˣ㿴㿴һͲˣ˵¶ô˵˵иãϲﲻϲ޶˵˽ǰ
غѵطôѲʱͷˣҲ˼
ʲô˼ǲ˵֣ǲüͷˣطѵøСһӾͻˡ
غԼٲ¾ֻ˯ذˣǸϽⲻŮһ˵лûˣ۸ֲǡҲҪǣС岻øҼ
طŲˣߺ󣺡ߣʶࡣ
˲ˣغʼչȥҽ
ûз˵ҹš
ط˰ҲŲϡء
غ񣺡Уϡ㣬˰ɡ

ȸɽ
޳һͳţȸɽɽµʱ⻹ûɽųɽʱʱ֪ȸžͽĿ
·Ҳ٣ֻ·ǣţģųߵģԼĪȥţ򣬾µȥģɽԱ߻ԷŲڿ꿳
úѽҶĸ̾
ԴڽϵȽϰݣûôˡ
֮ǰʱƺÿҲôģ̫֮ǰö顣
ԷĶɹЩ̫طҲ
ؼҷ֮ǰͷڴҲǹ
߰ɣ̫֮ǰϽɽ̫ɽСɹҲƵúܡ
غ˵ʳкˮ˽Ų
˹ȸɽʲôʱܣɵץʱС
ؼҵҪܸɽԴĶ޳ĸԼá
Ҷ࣬޳һ˾ܽʣµĶùţһǣҶģ߰ɡ·̦С·
ط˿ǣֿǰغҡҡͷ
ûͷ
޳ŶҶʱʱػͷطûиϡ
ط˿޳ɫûƣ۵ӣ׼˵ڵԼһ㶫Ļ˻ȥ
˰ɣǶһ˰ɡ
Ҳģż·һΣͣϢһ¡
ӦǸɣ￴ȥɫȻһ㣬ճ޳šˮҸӣˮҵݸҶģһڣ
طͬȸɽճȷʵɽȥĻûľɽڵҰӿɽũ﷿ᣬ۵ף׼ˡ
˵꣬оеʣҶĺˮٿԼ޶ԵͷӣĹĵ߹ȥѹ㿴˼ңչˣҿʲʶһ
غ񣺡
غΣĬĬȡˮңط˴򿪡
ڵСᣬһһ׵ģ˸ˡ
ǰԼʱ򣬶Ƕ˿˾Լˮȣڣȸˮźš
ˣԼ˵ССҪ󣬳㻹ôغĬĬοԼ
ССϢһĸ˼ǰ
޳ΪԼһùˣû뵽˰ɽչһʱ򣬾ͿǰѾһϷɽˡ
ͷѾףжҲ̫үүһװֽӣһֲжӲϰ飬һһŲ
޳ǣһӾͣ˽Ų
ôˣҶĴ̽ͷոϢ֮޳棬ط죬غ档
޳û˵һӣҶĿһЩ
Ҷ˳޳ǰҲžˡ
ǣ컹û͹˰ɡ
Ӧǡ
޳ҶĶһۣһСܹȥ
үүҰӰɡ޳ߵүүǰѯʡ
ͷû뵽ʱ˸ˣæ·òãԼͳɣ·˰ɣ˼߰ɣ


152 ճ
޳æ֣ǲǣǾģżҰöɡ
޳˵žͳүү֣үԥһ£ǵݸ޳Ǿ鷳ˣˣɽ۵òС
ţ͵÷ϣС
ɽխֻͬʱͨУ޳ӹһ粽ߵǰ̨ϡ
Ҷĳûߵ̫̫һֲ̣࣬ҷ㡣
úá̫̫ЦУ죬¶ֻʣ¼ллС
֮ͶѡҶС̫̫ĽߣЩ棬̣ôԼɽѽɽôߣΣա
̫̫ЦǺǣûµԼͳɣҲҪڼҰæСڳأܵǵġɽҺͷӳڻߵöһˣԺĻٿ
̫̫˵ţе꣬ͷˣɽһһΰ᲻ð
ѽɽһһˡүһԸͣҾɽ̫̫ģһת۾ôˣʱÿ졣
޳棺һ𣿡
ɲǣ̫̫ʱɺÿǻĸҸڵҵʱİô󿴿ҿͿʱһƵѣĵСԲԲģĿůڵģҾͿˡˣǾͳɽ᲻ɽš
ү˻᲻ɽ᲻һɽˣžֻԼ֪ˡ
̫̫ƺе㺦ߣһүӵ֣ô£ôǵá
үӾͿЦֺǺǵģôǲãҼǵõĿɶˡ
޳˵ĻЦţҲţֻʱʱүûʱֹȥһѡ
ҶһԷ̫̫һĽ͸ж
һ飬ãĭͷϣ˵һѾĽˣϷȫռˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ˣһܶ޷ᵽЩ֮һ
үƺܺãһɽһ߸޳Ҷྣĵȫ̫̫ĺã̫̫úߵʱҲССһ¡
غ͸Ųںһ
طĽòУҲ֪˲̫̰ģʵҲͦģطţ󷢴ȱֹȥ뽫غʳнӹ
һ°ɡط˵
غãʳеһţ֣ܿ·ö
طˣ
аɡ
ɽŲү̫̫޳ĸ˾͸ߣûȥɽճɽҲ
̫һ̣Էȫͣ˽Ųһתͷȥճһ̵Զķ羰
ɽϵûȫɢվڱĳȥԶѾӲһƬũ﷿ᣬиԶƵĸߵɽ壬ŲľɢµζɽصУ߻Űˣµü̲ס̾Ϣ
ҶĿŻƳȳȵĳȥӭŹվŵ޳ųĽߣ̾
ţǾͶ࿴㡣޳ͷ˵ţ´ˣ˴˼徻
Ϸ̨Ͽǣһ˿ȻҲû˵ʲôһ𿴷羰
ճҲôһܿ¶Ⱦ̫˲ò
̫֮ɽϵԽԽ࣬жýģܿ죬߳ȥ˹һһ
ϷеǸΣԼ޳ĸ˵г̣޳һߣùˡ
޳ûõģһϷҪҪߣطҡͷʾżһȥС
쵽ʱ˲ųɹߵµ
үӴ޳нӹӣ޳Ҷĵлллôá
ûµģҲǹģүү̣ǵĹ£Ҳǿһõķ羰ҲǲС޳Цӯӯģ˿ʲô
ˣĵؾǺáүӸ̾
̫̫ԱߣǰļˣͻȻҪҲȥݰݰɣˡ
⻰ҪǱ˵ģ޳ǲŵģǣ⻰̫̫˵ģ޳еĶˡ
û취ҪϷ޵ĸ̫ˣõĽ
ȥɡҶ޳䡣
ҲУȥ
޳ͷغ򸾱ȻҲûʲô飬һ˾һ
ǰ˼ţרŹ͹ݵġ
޳һ˽ȥпŵţϷǰռ¯͹дʣЩʲô
Ϸ򸾽ǮҲһˡ


153 Ů
޳û¹ϰߣվһߣѧ˫ֺʮ΢΢һˡ
Ҷĵһ£޳ûҲû㣬Ǯԥһ£Ҳѧ޳ӣŷһݹˡ
ԶĺֵؿһۣҲû˵ʲôͷǰǩͽǩȥˡ
ݷԸģô͵ɣʦҲ˵Щʲô
ݹ֮ǾͺϷ޷ֿˡ
뿪Ĺ۾̨غǰȥݷôʦ޳ҶûʲôҪݷõģڹ۾̨ϵǳ
ҶĿԼͦԶģ޳ʣոΪʲôѽ㣬ҲǮ
޳һЦǰݷʱһǲǶԸʲôģ
ѽҶĵͷݷԸͦ޳û㲻Ǯʲôϵ
ǾͶˡݷʱĶԼҪĶ˵ݵģǷ𣬻󣿡޳ʡ
Ҷһ㶣
ҶĴһ£Żعϸϸ˼޳Ļ
ϸ룬ҲŶݷˣ񶼸󣬺˹ǵͷġ
ŷȴԼǰݵģǷ𣬻أ
ҶĺȻ޳ʵȣ벻ġ
ǸոŷϹʱʲôҶĺ档
ңҾ˵ҽ棬ˣ֡޳˵
֮ǰȷʵݵģǿЩƵеЩźһĸˣȻͨˣݲݣȡǷǿңûʲôرҪʵֵ뷨
Ҳ֪鲻飬ֻǾԼĶŬŬͿԵõˣҲһҪȥݷУң飬ǾͰѻøҪ˰ɡ
ĿǰǲҪϣϵġ
Ҷģ
øոûԸԴհ׵ظŰһ£ҪȻԸֲ𣬿Ҫġ
Ҳ֪ؼҷڸʦ̸Щʲô ʱеã޳Ҷڹ۾̨ת˺ü飬ڸλ˶һǻû
ڹ۾̨ʯʣ˻Ϣ
޳Ҷûã۾̨һĿڡ
޳ģҿһĿڵʱǸСŮͣһ£죬벻
ġ޳ø첲Ҷһ£°ͳŮķǸŮʶ𣿡
ҶĿȥ־һͨŮûʲôԾĵطҡͷʶôˣ
޳üûǾе죬벻ҲҼǴ˰ɡ
޳ϸϸһ£ԼʶСҲ࣬ǵõǼҲûϣҲûˡ
Сŵ͸һϹ۾̨뿴еķ羰κθӰָߣֻñ
㱧һҺòã뿴ķ羰ò
ȫһѽŮԼĲϣ˰Ĳ
ģСԸΧķ羰ڸ׵ĲϣŸ׵ͷЦ۾гһ
ľͺá
ȫЦţԼŮڹ۾̨ȥ
˽ŵظ󣺡СĵСˤˡ
СҲ󣺡ѽøˤˡ
İɣԼˤ˶СһͷȫŽСܣͽС׷ҸϵϷѽŵòС
ɷŮˣȫС˸ϽǰСʯǱȥϢɷͶı
ʱغҲڴ޳ϡ
طһ۾̨ע⵽߹Ľˡ
ˣɰطк
ҲûϵؼҷҲڣһ˲æͷкϰ壬طˣɡ
ǰĺӣط˿ǣŵСŮʡ
ǰýҵЩһӾͲˣ˲ٴûκá
ȫܹϵҪ˿Ч˵иηʿ߽ȫ˵ֻҪӻôȫٵⶼӭж⡣
Խȫԭǲŵģ߲֪ô£ͻȻ˸СŮ֮˵˵ĲҩŽҵµɫ龪һȦﴫÿס
ط˲ԣҲһ䣬ֻ֪˸ӣϢαûȥ֤ҲûҪ
ʱĺӣӦǸǰһ
ѽССزĸʺá˽Сǣǰʾ򳤱ʺá
СʶطˣҪˣҲ͹ԹԵؿˣĸá
ʺطˣŴ۾طغСʺ򣺡Ҳá
غ֪ôСվӲĻһ䣺Сá
ط˿ϲոոغʺõģ
СŴ۾һĵе¶ӣֻҪеĸԵˣ¶ⲻס
ȻǸĺӣμ棬ĸСһ񡣡
ط˽Լϵȡ׽С󣬽̫ˣֻ


154 
úðˣԺ˻Իǳءûϣ첮ĸٸ׼ߴʺϵģɲŶ
ط˰뿪ЦŽнС¡
СűӲĽӣе㲻֪룬һ޴ؿˡ
ЦԴ˱˵Ҫ˵Щʲôѽ
СȻС϶ʱЦݣллĸСϲӣҳٴ
úúã˴
ط˺ͽС˵ֺ꣬ͽ˺һָָ޳λñʾԼԼ´ġ
˱ʾ⣬ֻ˵˵´пһȲ衣
СѵԼõˣŽĿغ뿪
˳غȥķ򣬽Сۼ⿴ڳԶ޳ҶģһӾסˡ
Сôˣ᲻زĸѽ˿С㶣Ϊ᲻طأҪȰ˵ͱСסȹڡ
ףǸʶСָ޳
˾ȣǰҪҪȥ
ȥɣҪȥ˵һллСӽ˻Ž޳ڵķȥԼȥˣ޳ˡ
㣬Сˤˡ˵ĵòУӣһ뵱СǶԵһӣڶƤˣСƵġ
뵽Сոյʱӵӣ־Ҳá
޳ò׽غ򸾵¾˶ȥĵطתתҶĿǵλûԹǽʳд򿪣ȡĵİʯϡ
ĸȳԵ㶫ɣżҶ˵
޳ʱҲʶԼˣеεͷĿԱƮ
һͷָոǸСŮܹˡ
ĸʶ𣿾ܹСŮǸ
طһʶǽ˺ŮǺ죬ؼҸҸպЩϵѡողѾĹôôܣ
ŶǷʲô𣿡غҲͷȥ
ھ벻Զ˺ͽСܿܵˡ
㣬ǽС㻹ǵ𣿡
Сһ޳ǰɾͷſ˽˵֣һ˵޳
޳ˤæ˽סСЩ
СԼûõشæһ飺㣬 㲻ʶ𣿡
޳һ㶣ڽСڴĿЩɻҡҡͷԲŶСѣ벻ˣǣ
С˱С죬Щʧ䣬޳ôã˺ܶ࣬϶ÿһ˶ǵãҲû޳ǲǵԼˡ
С޳֣Լ˳ȥˮ֣Ҹԭļȥ壬һĿںöԵĶ·ԭңŲ񵶹Ȼԭĵͺˡ
ڱĵط˵˼ССܣ㱨ȻͽҸˣٺҾڵڽнССͺ
㣬лл㡣
С˵󣬷ſ޳֣޳һ
ǰǲ֪Ҫôģڽң͸һѧʶ֣ﻹԼϿΡ
ԣ֪ҪʾԶ˵ĸлʱӦô
ԭ㣬ɽ뿪֮ûٴҲûٲ㷹԰ɣСⷬ
ԼֵܺΪСŮ
û뵽ԼûѰСŮ䣬СŮѾԼĻ
һΣͲˣΪ޳һĺҲܶ࣬Ǵҵʱ򣬱˿ˣ˾ͲǶˣΪ˳ԵģǾҪװŶҺá
Щ͵͵ӵ飬СͲ˵ˣҪȻ׾͸ˡ
ǼʹСû˵ȫ˻۵òУ߽ţͼԼĻǹȥʹ
޳Сͷͦζġ
غ򸾺ҶһҲ⺢;̫ŽС¶ۡ
СҶû˵ʲôŰӹοңʵҲҪҲڵĵ׺͸磬㣬ڹúܺã㲻õ
С޳֣ĵ˵
Ȼ㲻һǵ˭Ҽǵˣ֪ĺûа׷ѣһرʲôһڵĸļලºͰºúѧϰԺҾͿ԰ﵽˣҲԺһȥˡ
ãǵ˵ĻҲҪĻر˾ȥҪˣòã
޳ûС֪ͦˣСӽ˻бϥϣ˵
Сͦϲ޳ģ޳ԹԵͷá
ԼˣŶŽСıӣЦ
ãڣڵ˱СССĴָҪ޳¡
ǵԱ߼Ц


155 ر
Ϊ˸л޳ԽС⣬Ҳ޳һӣҶҲһߣ˳ȡԼͷϵҶ
Ҷе±ƣ֪Ϊʲôл޳ԼҲзݶ
ҶʶƾܣǽС˵һ䣺㣬Ҳǵ㣬ֽǷʱڼԲԣ˱ʱҿˡԲѽոû㣬Ҳлл㡣
С˵ţ͸ҶľϹҶľûȥƾˣæȥС
ҶʧȥƾܵʱϡͿؾͽ
޳ͽС֮Ե֣˺طһ£֪޳ؼӵãɸ̾ؼҵ
гϢԹ鹦ΪؼҵĹͣʮ겻ãȻҲǽõ֮ˣҲ֪˼Ҹĸôġ
Ҹˣҷ˵ʱ򣬵֪С£ֶ޳ҶһлӣЩӦ
غһԣԴŻŻ޳Ҷĵ޴롣
ţ͸ɴһȥˡ
æϵ飬þ͸޳Ҷߡ
˵дСʯ̶ط˵ݣ滷ͨģˮ廷ˮգ̶ǳףǲɶõľȥ
ط˵޳б˼£˾Сʯ̶ķߡ
ӹ۾̨ɽС޳Сǰ棬ҶĽţٺؼҺͽԷޡ
СȻϲ޳һ·ϲ޳ǵģ޳ĵػشš
ߵ棬Сխ޳Сߵüѣ㽫Сߡ
С޳ıͷó޳ļŤͷͿԿĽСڣŽССȶŬڣĵЦ磬Ҳ·
Сڣ
˱ŲԼ·ŶԼϲĽ㱧źֵýǰɣ
ðɣȷʵǺֵ˽ģطҲôµߵ˶֪
СڴͷеĽС
ûСھϲط磬˵ط̽ˣץ˵ʱһץһ׼ԺҲҪطһ
ֻǿϧǰûطӴø޳ˣ޳طãԼеӢۻԶ
ùȻǽҵСǣԴ֮󣬽ҵûˣ׵ĲˣԼлط磬üֱǽתѽ
Сôһ룬ֲĽСˡ
Ϣ˾ԼߣҪ۵ֽ㡣Сڿɺ޳ˣϲˣԺܼط壬ط岻ϲϽȰ˵С
û£Ҳۡ޳عͷС˵СƮƮģ˵ŸûƵġ
СڡŶһˡ
۾ʼвסȥܱߵľɫ˽£һȿգӾǰȥ
ҶһϽһѣ·
áС֪ӣҿˡ
Է޿ǵĵĻοԭûϵԷޣźӵԵʣǻϤ˲١
Сʯ̶Ȼطǰ㣬˿
Сʯ̶ˮԴӦڸߴˮ˳᾵ɽʯʵ˵ص֮γСʯ̶
Сʯ̶һͷһ϶Сʯ̶ˮǵ϶ɽʣˮʯͷķ϶ˮ廷ɴ˶á
һˣûڣССʯ̶ʱѾܹȥſ̶߿
޳ⷽ羰ȥע˺һŻعҶһһ㣬ߵܱȥ䡣
ҶĿϵЦһֱûҲɣû߿λ޳֣ʲôôģ
޳Ŀֲסϵһ£ܿģÿһ鶼ֵÿģһǣõûܾ硣
ҪȻԼҲô飬һ֮ھͷΣҲ˭еġ
Ҷ뵽յһϵ飬϶ϷޣǿճȻҪСŮСŮ񻹹úܺãҲýһˣı׬һǮҪ˿ġ
ҲΪĺòѽҶЦţظ޳㲻ͲССȻҲûϵɽʱȥүү̰æҲһ֪ǵĹ£㲻طʡǮҲ͸ӲнЩˡ
ԣһĻرҶܽᡣ
Ժɵö¡޳Ц˵
Сǵ֮⣬ҲãСúãǵһ֮ҲԮ֡

طϣ˼ͨ㽫ã׽ù鰸ܺ߼ǧл֮УƣӻصԺͷ˯ȥԷһ޳ûˡ
Ϊ賿˿ŵ˺֪֮⣬Ժﶼûע⵽Լүˡ
ڶ˽׼ճɨʱ򣬼һҵˣΪؤ˽г


156 
ط屻ŵѣ˸죺ȥ첻ɨˡ
ŶʶԼˣϽʰɨĹ˳ȥ
زˣүƽʱ֮ǰȸ֪һҲ֪ʲôʱģϣҪ۹Ǯ˱Źߣ롣
ط˯һϴ֮󣬻һ׼ȥ޳Ҷĵʱ򣬲Ŵӹܼ֪ͱӵլǱȥˡ
ط壺
аɣӵլȥס˵޳ҶӦͦġ
ԭҪô˴ȥõ￴أڷʡ¶ˡ
Ȼ˶ڱԺҲûҪڱԺˡ
طǣƥԾһͳլķȥˡ
ʱؼլ޳Ҷһ޿ӣط֬ˮǵͿͿĨĨ
ԴӴȸɽ֮ط˾˸˻ױڱԺʱطӶŲ˳֣¾ͽ˸еظˡ
ߣտʼֻǸҶĻ֪ǾùҶĻױûսԣ޳ﲻǽ޳Ҳ˹һ𻯡
˻ױҪ·ֱǰһһżװϷˡ
طһνȥȡ·ʱ޳̲סˡ
ĸҪǸ԰ɣҿͷɫǳȥߣ
ȥġ
ҶһҲϽͷҲסˣͷϵķڣϵĻĶذֻЩжһɡ
طЩϧҲǿСӭԼİãֻǵԸ
ط嵽ڵԺӵʱ޳ҶĲжױһ룬֬ˮʲôĶϣһţطûϳ
СãǣתˣطʣǵСǴױѽ
⻰޳ûӣܲ˵ǲ˼ܾط˲Żױģط˵һǻ⵱¿ηΣá
޳ֻطһۣûشӰˣ
ˡطһӣαǰţ˫ַαſſжױҪǰס£
Ǹﴦͦãʱ޳ԼܰӣԮɶģҶľ͸ѧŹӣ޳Ҷĵټؼں󱳳ڳҲʲô¡
طһⲻʱ䣬޳Ҷˣﶼ˲٣ؼеǮһլҲʲô¡
Ҳʱ˶ûС
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ط˾ͰҹУϢǿһЩȻЩӣûαİķУҲá
޳ŻèƵתǾȥ䣬ÿʲôĺóԵģһԡ
سǵҹУûǮûó棬úú޶һطë˳㿴ʲôʱ취һȥĻӦͦó֡
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طˣ
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ǻû
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ǵҹбسǵֶˣСҲسǵĻḻռ൱һ·Ρ
޳һҹоɵĽһܣûܣϸϸһŷܵĽһССűߴġ
С̯űߵһģľСϣ޳¶˷˼ı顣
ôģ޳һɻ
ԭߣ˵ôлܣеô죬ֲ
ߺСûжӣȻֻɽУǣʱӦûֶİɣ
ҶҲǵһμСߣϵı޳һޡ
ȥʿطҲСͦȤ
ֵܣôط˶С̯ǰŸոշС߰Ū
ʮһС̯ӼطŹʣȴ˿ûжżӣӡ󼫺ãط˻̬˲١
С߸а˾Сʣ㿴ľͷģܷɵܿˤỵľһҲֻʮĲߣ˿Ҫ
ط˿ۣҲһС壬Ǯ
ӹ֣Ǯǲܵġ
طӺɰһݸС̯ӡ
С̯Ǯطһѽһľͷط壺зݣһ١
ոط帶Ǯʱͽֱ޳ҶģоСôġ
ط屧Сܣ
ⲻԼ͵Ǯһܸж
ط˱ˣʮңվĸߴطӢ޳ԼСɰҶģŮڿСߣ˲˵Ŀ⣬ܿС̯Χ;ۼһˡ
С̯һ˫С۾ҪЦûˣһ߸̾ط˼ĲһڵԼСߡ
ط˼˶Ҷȳ˰ΧȦ
ΪʲôҶĶ޳Ϊĸ˵УֻҶĿȽСɣԼȥ
СϻСţ޳Сܷڵţһ·Ϸɵ죬˻ͷ
յߣͷȤ˼һͷפ㣬ĵظָ·СǱŶͷͷϰ崩ɫ·Ǹ
ҶĿЦãҲú㽫ԼеСܷһ
طоԼһֵĺӸһ΢е߳ܣ׵ĸĶֲֻܶ˦˦ʾԼǰ˾С
طԼˣܵǰȥСʳĶӡ
߰ɣȥԵĶȻ¥ջЩʳǺܲġطָָطŶӵλá
ǹȥɡ޳ԶЩСʳʵҲͦЩСʳʲôζ
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㶹СݵģҪķݣǸҲҪķݡط˱ֻԶǿϰһ߼Żʱһѡ
ϣ˿ԵԵһ¡С̯ĵָָԼλãΪ˷ʳͳԶ˼Ӻ͵ӡ
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ոþͿ޳ط˸æ֣ŶҶ
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û¡ȹȥɡ޳Ҷĵط˸ǰҶ¡
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޳طһۣ˼Զ
ط⣬ط˵ͷԣҴȥ䡣
طϲĶˣעȫǰ㶹ϣֻǲԣػ֣ȥɣҸķá
Ҷȴе㵣ģеֹ
޳ļ򣺡ܿͻСӻƣԡ
ҶĴ޳طҪȥʲôˣӦǸոǸСܵйأﲻ̫޳ȥƫƫطҲҪȥǹƶԷеʲôģط˵ģҶѡ˱졣
޳һȥӦûİɣ
ԶӶӳӦǺİɣ
Ҷе㴧


158 
޳ط뿪ķҹȥֻǻһû׷ϣֻߡ
صոСܱȵĵطƲĸطͱײһ¡
ط屾ûʲôԷײ˷ԼסˣȸոǸܵӻҪš
طʶ˸ץסˣѻ˵
˵žͽקԱߵСӡ
޳˹ȥűץסˣǸСᣬʮ꣬ͦ۵ӡ
˵ɣʲôŻŵġ
෢ץסԼľط壬ˣҡҡ
ҡҲû˵ط忴ɪɪӣһ
һˣŤҴŲţ
ˣطʶģ֮ʶΪؼҵ⣬ϯǵ˻ͦģôŤøûŵСƵġ
౻һ۵ͷˡ
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ͷаӣò˻ˣ
˵ǸСӣŽСû߶ã޳ŵһӵѪζ
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ط첽߹ȥ鿴ܺߵ
ʲô޳ʡ
ոտǸӵӣΪʲôС͵Сء
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С֮ô췵뿪
СӿͷǸǴӽβ뿪ģûѪζ·ͷ϶ɾҲ˵ȵС֮ǰûġ
ˡط򵥼һ£ȥŽ˰ɡ
طһϵĺ鶼ûˡ
СߵסŵĵطԽŹ⿴ߵ֮ǰǸܺ˵ĸס
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طҪֳ޳ֻ᷵̽طһˣ˸ˣ˵ǮȥŴϢԼַСӡ
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ЩˣϲӹţʫڻУȥ¥ݿ⣬ǲߴɱϹϵͿˡ
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ط뽫Ӵ򿪿ʲô죬ײ鲻٣Լ͵͵뿪µʱ鰸˲ô
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ۿ޳ڳ뽫˴ߣط̧һͷ߾Уһһһûϵ
طָ࣬ʾ½˴ߡ
Ľؿ޳
Ϲ߲㲻ȡ֤طԿһ£˽ֳţٹ²̽
СãȻȥ˵һ߲ͲȥˣҲȥСЩУԲ𡣡ط˵
ִе²⣬ҪŵȥŲ飬ԽԽܣõҹûˣطоеԲס޳˴ǵԼԼΪ˹Ѳ
޳֪ڶԲʲôһЦ˵ʲôأҲģæɣȡ㽫־һȥŲĸģٳǸżˡ
Ͼո뿪ʱҲûûϵ£Ҳû˵

طһ˳㶹һҶĻĲɵشŶֻС룬ое㱩
ôˣ뿪ôһ᲻ط˴Ȥ
ҶҡͷЩ:ĸѾȥ˺þˣҺǳ¡
طŷӦŶҶôණˣǸȥˣ
ҶҡͷҲֻ֪ǴŲµ׷ȥˡ
֮ǰ޳ɽ׷˷ӣȻʧ£ҶľĻţһҲһͻȻ֮ûš
ţҶͲ̫ˣžҪ޳ˡ
ط̣ʱæǸİֻ뿪һ£ᶪģ㡢ȱѽ


159 
ط˲˵ã˵ʱҶĻ̵סһ˵͸ߵһરવ
С̯תʰӣҶڿޣٿʣµЩûԼڵĶΪԼĶ̫ѳԣ˸ίأҲ޴
ССĺܡѳ𣿡
ûаɣո˲ǳԵͦõô
С̯һ֮С
ط̯Ļһ£ǣͦóԵģڵļ˶ѣûµģæ
С̯̾ǾͺǾͺãǶ̫ѳԾͳɣҪȻҲÿˡ
ǸСİɣ˵ϾͻˡС̯Ҳ֪ʲôǿοһ£ܿͱ˿ͽˡ
ҶĶǣЩҲ˵ƾܿסõİ
ط˿޵ĿģĶҪˣֹȥοûµģֻ뿪һСأûµģôĳ
ط˴СҪǿɷҵ˲ٿ࣬Ҳûô޹ʵ벻ͨ޳뿪һСôͿ޳ˣϣ޳ʱԼûչ˺ҶĲźá
޳ӣŸղųŵСӻƣ·ҵ̯ӣѡһɰģߡ
һ㶹̯ͿҶڿޣ˲ͻˣŵСܹȥ
ģôˣ˭۸ˣ޳ܻţûע⣬ֱӾͶˣ˫Ҷĵᡣ
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˵꣬ע⵽ֻ޳һ˻ʣأ
ո׷˵ʱϰˣҪˡ
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ط壬ˣܴﷸԱòŵġ
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ոգеС
طװûĲڣ߰ɣߵβ߻ͻؼҡ
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ΪҹжԵ㶫ǳ֮ǰûԶء
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ҹͳĳ棺ط˸޳ҶĸԣԵҪ޳
ΪҶѾС붹ֳ˼⴮ͱˡ
طˣ֣ͣ޳ҶĵѾһѳʳ
ط˼޳ѾûڳֳԶϽȥֵһЩ
һСľˣãǳԡ
á޳ӦûԱԼԡ
ˣ绹ûԶǸ͵ȥɡ޳⴮ط
ŶطһԴԼҸһЩ͹ȥٻؼҡöЩӦûˡ
طֹţ̯ܵǰŶȥˡ
ȥطͳʳʱ Ϊ°鳳üңʳе㲻֪οڣطòͷˣһڲŻָ״̬
طץС壬Ǹ͵Եġ绹ûԶͦ࣬Ҳһ԰ɣˡ
ע⵽վſڵˣط޳Ҷģط˵лתͷط強üŪ
أظ޸ǳš
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ɩ
ڴ
λã޳Ҷģýʲôʲôĳƺסˣط۾еΣա
ȦķţһֱûᣬãôЩԷվǷԷ㲻棬ô˶޳Ҷ
סˣظ硣ͬ
ԭɩӰ
ʲôʱиظ߰ǾͲظҹɻˡ


160 
ûвɢϯǴ˰µ޳ҶΪҪȥμ续ĳ磬òط˵֮ʰظ
ǰֱһѵ续ĳҲһݣ˵Ǹлö˵չˡ
˵޳Ҳŵؾֻܾý
Сİӽúܿ죬Ǹ͵ı·ڶֱ׽֣طҲһС
ص˾͸ţַǶ֪ҪʲôԼš
ط޳ļ򣬳ҶĻڸط˻Ĵյ޳ߣƽô磬ýҪƵģСľûʲôֱȥ޶
СˣʲôԼ˶ﳤͨŮӴΪ˼άеԻ̸ŮѣŮʶǸŮӣԺȻԼֻϲ޳Ǹ͵кӣֻǡȳˣеÿޡ
޳ƿһ̸һһ׵ġ
طҲ˵ģҲú룬Ͼ˵ͬʱܱŮӸơɡ
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ãһúġ
šпչȥǡطˣڷЩ
ͷطҲҶ˵ˣ߹غں棬һ֣ء
ֱߵ޳ǰغͣͳһֽݸ޳ǰǲ⣬֮ǰ˵סϣԼС꣬ɼеģŰǶҲδػҪҾ˸棬ǣԼҪʲô꣬׬Ǯٻ⣬ȡǮӿʱؼҰģҲЩ
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ܹرĵĵˣغûκιϵҲһ
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˺ˣóˣ͸õˡط߹ߴš
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ǾȻȥˣЩúܿģлĸչˡлᣬϣĸҲ档޳Ҷٴغ򸾵л
طǵ֣е᲻ãŮԶе飬ӦҲɣ˵ЩʲôҲúܿѽлһȥģ·СЩ˼ǵøдűƽ
áǲĸټ
ĸ磬ټҶĳǻ֣Ҳͦ᲻ǵġ
ʱطദʱϳط˶ԼչˣغȻڼңҲؽǶģشҲǣȻҲæˣһпվʹǳȥ档
Ҷ룬ԼиĸĻӦҲİɡ
ؼӶû޳Ҷ뿪ΪȷǵİȫԺһ˸š
ط˿һԶȥЩ꣺Ժû˸ҹˡ
غЦ˵úƵģ˰£鷿Ƕ˱㿴°£
طˣ
ûˣ
ط˵غһۣߡһԼˡ
غͷɻؿԼҶӣôˣ
ط㰲οǴ
˼ΪֱʧأǹֱοҲͰˣȻùһΣôЩҲ֪ôܹġ

صϵʱֵ󼯣ģ޳ֱȽϾܿ˲˵Ŀ⡣
̫࣬ý޳ֻ³·
ǣ鷳һðллλ޳š
ϼ˲ʶʶ޳³Ծվ·ȥһһ߲ǰԡ
ϰǷѽüʮϰӰɣ
ҿ񣬲ֻ˻ᣬǵ񹤣ϵľ
ϼİߴߴţ䲻͸Ľģ޳ֻûϳȥ


161 
ȽԺúãصʱ޳ֱ˵ϱͷţžñʮϤϢùȻԼ
ҶĻڴһ޳һһ
ԵĵθΣ··Ҷָ޳Լոļνݡ
ط׼Щʱ޳֪Ҳ֪׼ЩʱֵʱѾװˡ
ڲ׼üģԵõĶУм鼮ԼдģкüͿĹĺۼ
޳һͣˣֱӾ﷭
Ҷĳڿ飬һ£飿дʲôģ
޳ͷҲ̧Ӧǲĸд飬̳һЩͽ취
Ҷ£չȥһ𿴡
Ϊܺÿû뵽ſһͱᵽһЩ¼ˡ
ʲôڷ¶ݺģҵģ԰ʳưöģģֻ벻ûж
ЩٺúòһҲǲɣ۱ˣ˼Һ̨ӲֻֿԼ̡
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Ҷľ̫ڰˣ̫޳ǲԼûֱ׳ض˵ˣ㡣
Ůߵĵ·̫٣Կƾ٣ȥսٲûбĵ·ߡ
ŮҪǮڸ˼ңҪô߼ޣҪôԼҪôϵڱԼ޳һǸ˼ҵĺӣڶֲܼˣֲڱʣµΨһһ·ԼǮٵһ·
Ҷĳãû˿ڣֻһĬĬʰΪδ
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续޳գʱûٵǡ
ЧεرܣЩ޳ֲܣ̻ðţü
ʱĸȥˣԼЩ嵭Ļԣʳȴǲ̫Уķ̫ؿڣҲӦδ޵߶£Ҳе޳ķˡ
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һܲȻ续Դ˳ſڣ޳㣬ҽ䷹ʳŶ
续ŹǺ͸ɲˣСȫڴ
޳ȻûʲôɵģһЦ䣬㲻
ԭҲǴһԵġ
Ү续QŽ˳ʳķڰ̨ϣԼȥϴ˵ר裬ϴˡ
á޳̨Ӳ׼ڶˡ
ЧںŽ˳΢ЦŸ޳к޳ҲҪ䷹ˡ
޳üû뵽ľĳЧô˵ǰĻһһٱǸ˼˵ĿЧӣ续ͲС
Բ̴Ҫȥһ£޳Цʡ
Чһϴ˵续ҡͷҸһɣӿһ㡣
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Ч֪ôԼԷżĵǼв˵续иˡ
޳续һҲ
续ʰŪ֮Ժһǡ
޳ԥһ£׻ûط׼˵Ҳµ׵飬ڻ֮ϣҳһЩ

ÿγԶԱ㱨Ǳزٵ飬޳һϣֻԽԽҲʲô⣬෴Ϊأ۶˲١
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ʱ̫ˣеֲ˼ˣݼٺ֢еأ޳롣
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ϲСһӿ˿Ƕӷ£һŷӦ
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ϰôȥһˣ׽͸أ
ѵǽȥˣ


162 
޳ûнȥСֻ֪֪޳֮˺ܶ࣬Ϊ޳ż̨ĹһͿһˡ
ŶˣһΪʲôڹ̨Ϊֻ̨ƹĲһƹ̫̫̫飬ûǮ죬ԾͲ⵱ƹˣȻС©
Դλ֮÷ˮСҲʵԼĿĵ·֮ϸһ
һϰصʱһЩ޳ΪͻԵʣⱬ
ӦںͺӼҲһܣƥһʲҲˡ
޳ܣææŸԱÿصҵʱҶĶѾˡ
ҹ
ġ޳ҶģĶͷʱˡ
Ҷ۵ؿЦЩǿû£ֲʲô£ܺã
ҶЩǣԴӿطд֮ÿһ뵽޳ܻᱻⳡϵƣĻŵʱָͷ
µע⵽ˣ˼ҶֻĽǸ
ԼʲôǮҶĵһξԼ޳ƺˡ
޳ҶЦò̫ԣǿջЦĸоЩΣ⻹㲻Ǻܿģǲʱ̫æûʱ㣬ˣ
޳ָĦͷһڣòãæҾͿˡ
Ҷˣͷ޳Ƶģû
岻ˣ޳СһҶı𣬷ŵϣӸǺãﲻȥ򡣡
˵ֱҪȥȡ¼ϵ
Ҷĸæס֣ҡͷûȥ
ôˣ޳ЩҪôźŶ
Ҷ޳ڱצƵĲ޳Ҷû˵˾Ҫܳȥ
ԥãǰԼõҪ˵Ҷջſ˿ڡ
⼸ûʲôõ£
޳ûаôôʣ
ǲĸдЩ鶼ûзû鷳
޳֪ΪʲôˣСǿطд֮ӰˣȻ󻹲˼˵պ˼룬ҲЩ£ЩЦ־ͷЩġ
˹ĵǵĸоá
ûе£⼸ܺãǶæŹأرýʵҲÿֶд˴νֱɶѣٲҲרעֶһ㲻ὫССϺЩֶֻεģҲ߲á˵ˣ֮ǰ˼Ǳң϶µġ
޳һһ˵ҶֻŲ̫Ҫ˵Ҷĵġ
ǡҶľ޳ûꡣ
кܴ˱ţҪǱģݺ̹ᣬҪô
׬Ǯôôţ
Ҷüضȥ
޳ͷõ⣬⴫ɵӣҶ
ֽе˶ѹ֮޳ż˵ģǻдרŲ鰸ģ϶ܲ˵ˣЩҲһᷢǮץʱԺ飬̫࣬죿
ҶһҲǣû£̫ҲûãܲΪһЩܷĶҭʳ̫ˡ
˺üڱˣҶĶʱһɣ޳˯ȥ
޳˯գȴٳ޷˯
ҶĵĵĲûеոҶ˵ЩҲǰο˵ġ
ЩֶȻǲʲôѱģǣҪ׬Ǯģгô󣬵ƽ׶һ֣˭ż˵ġ
׬ǮһСֲҶĸܿ࣬һӵΪҡ
ˣˮڰɣ޳ǰﰲοԼ
æ죬Ч续ĳڼ޳ͲȥˣڼҸòСԺõĲ׽вɹ
ҸĸûҾֻúˣ¼ҵҲֻĸֵܽĸˣҶ죬鲻࣬޳ҶĻҽøܣҲæù
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ǣ˽е׼ˣҸĸȴٳٲӰдȥҲٳûл
һ˭Ҳû뵽տʼΪ·ϵˣֱ죬ҵ˻ǲӰ޳ﶼʼΪ续


163 Ƴ
ôûǲǳʲô°续żڷнȥ
ٵȵȰɣ˵ֻ·ϵˡ޳οţʹɫȥڿ
⣬˳ȥ
ôܲżأμӻҲûϵһϢûУҡ续ˡ
ֻǵĻ˻ƳپˣʲôŶûУ续̲סõķȥ룬ǲǼĳˣ˵·ʲôˣûŻ
ΪԼĻøĸ⣬续һ뵽ܣ˶ˡ
޳ҶĸϽãûµģ𼱣ӿɲܿޣҪȻʱ㶥һСèȥЧЦˣѵһΣҪġ
޳һ˵һƵƵſڣڴϢ
续лţԼûע⵽޳Ķ
ܿ޳ѯʵĿ⣬΢΢ҡһͷ
û
޳ĸųȥ鿴е㼬ˡ
Ϊ˰续޳Ҷһ뿪ʱʱЩɢ续ע˷㣬æź˳Զ
ֻǵʱۼ뼪ʱԽԽ续ѹסˣ޳Ҷĵ˼¾壬Ҫؼҿ
ҲòУֻԼһµģżҲñ򶨣ĳʦȲˣҲʱʱſȥĸû
续ҪԺţæ˸סˡ
侲Щûµģúȥʲô۸
õºҪĸܲϣٳû϶Ǽˡ
ĸôЩʲôǲ̫ǽԼϷ޷ǾΪԶӦҪʲô⣬ʱóȻؼңͶ͵˵
ΪӣҲΪ续ĸ磬ҪĹͷ֮Ҫչ˺ãš
Ҫô찡ҡҵĵ续ĨᣬС޴롣
侲Ƚǰ¡ʱ쵽ˣЧӦҲ׼Źˣҵ˼ڳЧ֮ǰƳ٣ȵأô룿
ԼãʵϣҲʱӰŲãǸĸڣ鼴ʹѾˣʱȴڣ˵ʲôá
Ҳ֪ء续ԼѾ޷˼ˣҲ֪ôˡ
ҧҧǾƳ٣Ҳû죬ԼˣƳҲ鷳
ûиĸͷ֤¾Ӽˡ
Ч˷һҹһͻ˻ֻżʱһȥӭȢ续ٳˣ˸ȴԼǰЧ˾ԭأϵЦҲסˡ
硭Чؿڡ
ʱ򣬴˸粻Ӧڼҵűӳô
ҲΣ˵ǽȥ̸̸
Ч֪Ҫ˵ʲôҪ˵ʲô֮ܽ⣬ֻò࿪š
ĸԼ̸ֽۼŵĶϱöã䲻һصسڼ˵ڵĻһӶɤ
¼ҼλҲһãȻؿ塣
壿ôˣⶼ쵽ʱˣô
òʱʲô˰ɣ
ĸһӾͳЧʱɫࡣ
ϣʲô²źãЦЦѾˣǻ񻹳£ԺЦЦôţ
ǣ续û°ɣĸȻ֪ʲô£ǶԼΪϱ续ﻹǺӵġ
û£̫ȶ̾һųĸͳЧϹṆ̀ЧҶԲ¼ңԲ𡣡
ĸͳЧæ
磬׷ʲôЧʣ΢΢й¶Ĳƽ
ҵǱʲôסˣţһӳٻ飬ٵȵǱš֪Ρ
ҲԼòصǣǱҲ֪ˣܵõȵȿһ£鲻ᣬԳ¼Ҹá
ĸһԵɣһǻڻͺá
ƳҲУҶԼˣھ͵ǰһذɡ֪׼Ǳߣǳʲô£𣿡
ĸʵĵʣ续⣬ֻҪ续пǳ¼ҲǲôɣֻҪ续ϼޣǾܵȡ
Ŀǰ续ʱˣǱ߶续ĻаţϾҿǮ续һŵԵĻ£ΪҲǲܡ
ҲͷʹҲ֪ϵϣǱǱ߳ˣ֮ǰһ죬Ҳ֪󲻴ִˣҺ续пܱۣҲҹƳٻҪԭµʱ۳¼ҡ
ôأĸԾҲôôģ


164 Ϣ
Ч续ĻվǱƳ
ûʲôݵҲûʲôӰ죬¼ĸ尤ǵǸ½⡣
ڳ¼ҵĳѲֶϻο弸䣬ֻ˵֮źˣٹ
ĳҲ˻ȥ
ǰ첼ͥԺж֣Ժж壬Ϊĸĸɫ޳ҶԼҽÿҲ֪˵ʲôãֻĬĬʰЩʳġ
ȵϺ续Щֽ˺˯˹ȥ޳ҶĲŴ续ķ
˯ˣЧһĵ޳
˯ˣе㽹ǣϹҲ˯ȣ˿š޳ĵ˵
ոСò˯˹ȥüͷȻţżź޳Ŷۡ
ȷƳ֮󣬳Чͽ˳Ҫ续续ܾԳЧһֱûźͳЧ棬Ҳûȥ
Чһû续ֻ֪̫ãô̫ãҲûûõ续Ҳôδ޹뷿ֻһֱڷתơ
Ҳ棬Գ˼һ˲һЧ¡޳ģǾȻȥϢɣ⼸ˡ
޳֣ˡǾȻȥˣҪֱӹҾͳɡ
壺á
ЧĶ续ϣ˵߾һֱ续ķϣ޲̾ͽȥ޳ҶʲôʱߵĶûע⵽
ȵҶˣЧ续Է鶯õС۽ǷţͷϻбմʪĺۼЧ;ܵòУһǱʲôţ
忴һ续ҴҴӣһ֣صضųЧ˵Ͱչһȥ̽̽Ϣ
Ч֮ãæ羡ȥһչ˺续ġ
ͷԳЧ׼ĺø˼֡
¶续Ӱͦһ죬ǳЧ޳Ҷļſ뿪һСֱǣߡ
ĸҲһпվ͹ţ续˵˵
ϦҹԽԽζԽŨÿÿܿһֵģ续Ȱų˼ΣͲˡС̫Ҷģ޳Ҷġҽá¼ĸӼֻҪпվ͹ȥһ벻ͨʲôɵ
ڵإ죬续ԼͨˣԼ̫ôù꣬Ǵϵľ׼һʳģʳĶϴɾк֮ȥÿԺӵţ޳ҶĹһ󷹡
Լκ㣬ʦĻز룬˼ҶܻؼҹˣסŵģҲΪԼҵϯæµ벻
Ϊ˲̣ʳֻúƤ޳ҶĹˡ
޳Ժţ续ʱ򻹾һ£续ôˣ˵䡣
޳˵žҪţ续ЦžܾˣȲȥˣЩͦ鷳ǵģĽǼҳԷҲˣҲ벻ӡ
续˵ţ׾СȾ˺Σ˼ˣʳҶ׼ˣǼҰæ𣿡
޳СǲһӣһЦܣϾɵúúóһٲУһȥ˵һ
续ͷţãȻȥ㡣
޳ݽҶĴӴ·ڸڳԷھ͹ȥɣҲûʲô£е㵣续
续ôˣҶϵ´ʡ
ոչʱһЦ⣬ͨˣǵװģֻװǽ;ԣȻԼܻؼҡ
ҲǣȥɡڼҹҲʲôóԵģԺпյý续ҪȻԶٺõĶѡ
Ҷľ޳˵ҲеСѹ´·Ьӣһͷ͸޳ˡ
ʱû취ȡҵϢκϷԭǱʵ̫ԶûʲôһͨһƳٻţʲôõϢû
ͷʹسǵĽͷã
벻һܻؼңþߣһǸĸһȶãˣҲ֪ûôǴһȥָĸİűۡ
ĥֻдȼֵŷ⣬ʱ䣬Ӧþ续ǰдģǲ֪ǳǰдĻǳºдġ
ǳǰдģǴǲ̫ˣǳºдģٳû٣ҪЩʱ䡣
ﰵ֮дģֻҪҵϢܴ˵û¡
أϵر˶˼ңĽֵʱԵ쳣ںдһӣĨһջ
Ȼȥðɡ
ģϢˣվ˳˱߹ؼĵҲٽˡ
岻֪ǣӰոմӽͷ뿪ûãβͳһ糾͵ģȫǽ
ʱ续޳Ҷĳ극
续һ̾˹ȥ磬ôˣϢ𣿡
һţһȥ֣뿴ûҵš


165 ²Ϊ
ӻͳǷܵسΨһϢ
ǣ忴ֻƳٻ񼸸ֵţˡ
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壺·ʱ䣬Ӧǻǰͳģ巢ʲôҲû
续죬˵Щʲôջ˻ȥ
˵ʲôأҲû𰸣Ǹѹˣαء
ȳԷɣһЩڹţӦûţϽȥԡ
š
޳ĶԻԷģҶĬȥķ˶˳ںá
Ϣ˾Ǻ£µʲôϢûС
ΪѾȳԹˣ޳ҶŻȥҲû¸ɣǸ续̿߿ȻҲû˵ʲôһһ𣬵ҲԵܰ
ȵ꣬续ʰ;ߣ޳Ҷ׼ǣ洫ܼ
޳Լһҡˡһ飺续ĸˣ
Ȼ续Ҳˣ޳Ļµһ̣һһӰֱԺŶȥ

Ӳſײһ
续Ҳﲻסˣܿմʪ½ƺҪ⼸յĵĺͻί޳
ޣûˣǵˣԲ𡣡ŮֿƵվһߵĳӣһʱ۲ѡ
⼸գǵļˡ
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û¾ͺá
ûȴ޶ԣǰȥӱ˸ʣĻ˰ɣԲǣǵˡ
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ĸ׵ļ򣬿׺á
ãȥɡŮСʱ˫žߡ
˴θĻʮӣʮ˵УмףҽݣĬĬظ˺档
ԺͦС޳ҶģһӾӵ˲١
ˣ޳ҶľͲˣҪæ׼
ҷ򸾴к޳ҶľĬزȥһ̸ˡ
ʮʮ˵ķɲһ˷һһ󣬹Ҳ֮Ӵ󣬺޳òҶȥҽùæ
øҶһҵԺţͱڳʮһͷ첽ǰ߹ֱ˳Ÿ̧ͷ
ô󣬻ûֳء
Χ̿迾𣬺ȻСӵһİĹؿȥİﺦˣʶԼʧ񣬷׷׵ͷװû
иӵûס࿴һۡ
˰֣޳ɶˣҳһЩ˽ҶĿţԼ˳ȥٽ֡
ҵĳСҪõԼҵĳ޳ҲģҲǵһˡ
˳һӣ޳غ缸Ϣ˵Ļ˰æɣԵģҪȻõȵҹܳϡ
֮ǰ֪޳ҹϵã߳ĸˡ
ֹҪҪЩʲô𣿡
ȥڣǱҲʳģʲôʲô޳˵ţԼǰȥš
Լļ޶ԣһ˹ȥе𣬵ű˸ţ
续Ǳ紵ҵͷбøѵָͷԼĸףϢɣȥһ·ϹͦģůһɣҲϢæùġ
ŽµջŮ£Ǿſɣ²Ϊ
Լֵܣһƽ£Щ˹ͲСָһ·ϹԲ˯ã˭˭۰һξǷһ°ɡ
Ҳǣ²ΪҺ͸綼ˡ续Լ˫ף˵
æͷúúã²Ϊ续ˡ
Ѿȥǵסˣ
ܸܲһԺ
˳֣ܿ
ķ˷һۿɼģԼһ޳ҶĴֲڵöࡣ
ŮЦ˾һ£֤ӵĲƷһŽ
˿޳ҶææµµжˣϢ˾һæ޳ܾˡ
ۼҲҷ򸾶˿꣬ҲͲˡ
ҽҲһԣһԷۼŸһ˳Ƶģסˡ
˾续ĽҲʶСã״һЦ³һЩһûԷˣﲻҪ֡
ЦҡҡͷûУǵһμе档
Ǿͺá
˵Ż˿ûע⵽һẺԼĳ࣬˹˺ܶ࡭


166 ÿ
Ҹĸƽ޳ҲͲôעڵˡ
ΪöҲûҪصȥֱϹꡣ
ˣҹҲûöʢǼ򵥵һֻһֻѼһ㣬ټһܲ
޳ҶһڴǰϿ̻
Ҳ֪续Ļ¶ʲôʱ򡣡ҶŸڴ续Ц˵һ䡣
ʲôʱֻҪ¼ûӦöԡӦҲ̫ɣ续Ҫ
޳ʱżֵģڳµİԡ²⡣
Ȼûд죬ҲûˣǲͲͥԺĶܻܲ²óڸʲôͻȻ֮ûϢ¼ĸӻܣ淢ʲô顣
ҶĵͷҲǣҪǲϽˣԺ˵ʲô
ٵһŮ̫ˣҥУǼ٣棬ٵҲġ
޳ҶĽע续ϣûͷǡ
ԴӴǻ˶æҵ£һû׽ˣò״ʮ޳ŲŹء
ҶûõӦ̧ͷʣ޳ͷͱ޳ס졣
൱ˡ
ţҶĲصҪû
أ
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ż̻иڴЦ޳ûҪſ
ȵ䱻˼£޳δ֡
ҶĶһͨʹ޳Ͳܹ´𣿣
޳Цüģû˿˻
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޳ˣԹԱ˿ҹ
ΪҪҹҲû˯޳һ£ͲҶˣҶĿ̻оģ޳ָš
ţ޳ָиɰ룬ʱϲ޳㿴룡
ţôˣ޳м俪ʼѾˣȻģҲѰúܡ
ÿ
޳ȳģָҲ޳һûôɴֻһ˫ðָϵɰԵޣĵһ˫˵ĺÿ
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˵ŰҶУŴʱ䡣
Ҷȷʵģҹֲ£޳طָָףָ׿ƣԼƷһ߶Աš
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βʲô
޳ĿĲƵԼϣţʲôû
ƻʲô˵𣿡޳ʡ
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޳ţǾֹס̣ڿôã
ҶģҪô룬Ҳû취
ʧˣȻѿĻ˵ˡ
޳ʧЦô¼ΪʲôһǸоͦˣ
Ҷķۣ˭֪㡣
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޳Ҳ⣬ֲ࣬⡣
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޳˯ܣҪֳ˱ȥ˶ûֳܽ˯֮ǰ˵˫ʮָۣУԽյԽ
˼£ûӶԷûе˯ȣߺľҪ޳û취ֺֻŴü伸£ڵסҹ紵
֮Եϣ§ȷӽ˹ܲ͸磬˯¡

Ҷʱֻоϳģ·ؿѹһʯͷһ㣬ͷһ޳ë׵Դҹ˺ûص˯խС˺׳µ
ҶĶһ£޳ˣԴеɣоԼŵĵطʶһ£ûӦѾҶĸƵһߣԴĵǽϣڳˡ
޳űĵĵطŭԡðɣǲŭҲԡ
װ
Ҷˣһűƿ·Դǽײһûһ䡰ȥԲͳ˷š
ŸոʱͷǾĵģ޳ͷڴһµĿĵ׵궯ѹȥ̵¡


167 Ԫ
Ϲ¹徻ˣһֱ壬޳ҶһڸֺóԵģܾúܾ֮ǰᵽĹ𻨸⡣
ȻʱҶ˵пվ͸޳Ǻ֮˶æûʲôʱЩСʳ
𻨸ҪôǺ͹𻨡Ŵ׷ۻʲô޳ӸҶææȴЩ޴֡
УȴǴûԹġ
ճ׷ۣǰһ㣬ڳڶӣóһ¡
á
޳óϣȻأ
ջҶľе㰭ְŵģǿеѧܸϳȥֻԱɡ
Ҷһˮȼճ׷ۡŴ׷ۺϸɰǣˮɰɵӡ
޳վһؿŬÿһ趼пյʱԼԡ
赽ȴɢĳ̶ȣͿԹɸˣɸΪ֮ģ
Ҷÿһͽһ¡
޳ע⵽̨иװŶɳ룬ʣأ
޳ָָɳ
Ȼζģһ𻨣һɳĵģһǹ𻨺Ͷɳŵġ
ˣͶ㣬һζĶ൥
޳Ŷ
𻨸ʵɸģ֮󣬻ϾˣζŨһģͶЩɹ𻨣ҪȻͿֱˡ
ҶĽζĶ֮һʰ̨һָ޳ȥջ
ûãƮ˹𻨵ζ޳Ӷ˶۾𣿺㰡
Ҷߣа㣬Ÿոûô졣
ðɡ޳ę̀ߣյĻ¯룬ӳ﷭н˻¯£û¯¶Ⱥ̵ĲľҺͻǺ濾
ȵʱ򣬹𻨸ҲԳ¯ˡ
޳ƿӵʱ򣬹𻨸ӻֽƵӿȥװŸģóҶһĿ֡
ֲҪ˿ֱӿһ顣
޳֣֪˵Ҷһɴģ߱Եģȡ˳
ҶģĸгС飬һݵ޳ߣ԰ɡողģСƵġ
޳ȴһ
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λһ޳˵ҪԼԼܲµʲôϵЦôѹȸոջҪ顣
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ոտ㽲ͶͣһΪ㲻ء޳Ц
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ܻˣȻ޳չǣǲȫʩᣬƾͶȡ꣬ûʲôõģԺŬǡ
С׵͵ͷ޳Ǳ֮̾ͻؼҸ˵һϢ
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174 
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175 
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176 
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177 
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178 
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ʱдңûע⵽ӷԼֱۡ
ʼװƣڳ˶û취ģΧȺϳԵҲˬк߲´󣬼潩סˣ̾վ˳ո޳εĻظһ顣
Ȼеţж˫θһЩ˫ǰŪǷǵˣǲЩ᣿
ӿ޳֪¿ܶ˵֣֮Ҫ˵˽½ȴ֪οڡ
Ͼ¶λҲаѰˡ
޳˰ӦһɫѾˣǾһɡ
Ӧڿ첽ǰȺ֮еĶŻԸƵǰʶ
ϸϸ˶Żһۣҡͷʶ
ŻӳֵʱѾɵˣʱͬ
Լ˵ǹһˣûˣӿϤⲻԼ𣬻Сӵӵûеִ
û뵽Щ꣬һֱƭ
ʶʶðոȥλʱλĹڸλš
Ӧھⲻ֪ǻﻹ˫Ůˣͦ˵ģֱֲӳʲôֻЩΪͷ˳λֵܣͷе̰
Ӧڻһ䣬ܱ߾ˡꡱЦ
ʶʲô͵ɿ֣˫㣿
ڻعһίĿӣֻüͷԼɫֻתͷ޳Σ˶⡣
ңǡһίָΣңңҲ⣬׵ľ˵ҡ˵ҡ˵ҹ硣ȨƣǮҼңҡ
ɣôһ֣ԵˣŻԺɣֻѡһǮܱȸŶŻԳԿãͷûǮʲô
һ仰ֹ˺ü£ӿҡҡ׹һж޳β߻ֻΪ˶Ը
Ҹ㣬㹴֮飬ֻҪǮҸߵǧһĲٵظһУλ飬˵Ǹ£ߡ
ͷˣŮ߰ŮϵֻҪǮûȥɩ
ǧ
ոΧȺڿû˵ӿģ·ڿһδıİˡ
ôǮһ꾻׬һǧ
ôң
ոôû˵£Ǯأȥʲôȥˣ
ӽʣдʱҲףǰˣ²ǰ㡣
ҹӾǮͶ˾ǣ̰С˼ҰӣҲûǧҪ
˲˵ѣҹӳʾ˵ĻԣûбҪ˵
ҡˣ̫ص㣬ҪôԲȥ
ô죿
ӵ΢΢
ﻹŤŤ£ԹȺֲˡ
һ̫̫СӴȺ֮˸ǰ£ɤӣһ֡
СŮޣǮǮõǸ͵Ǹ˼Ҳ˵˲Ϊ㣬㻹װʲôίҹ߸ӹʱǺüͷ̫̫ڳأʱûԼǮҹһ˵ծ٣ȱµĵ治ɫ˵ǸڹɵģúܣôͲóϵ̬
ѽѽСŮޣ㲻ԣе㵣˰ɣͷβǶءһͷҲվ˳
޳ȥ֮ǰǽ˵ſֵͷ̫̫Ļмǵķ΢΢һͷʾл


179 
֤ˡ
һҪ뿪
æ׷ǰȥס䣺ɣģ˵ǡ
ˣһ˦ָ֣ŶŻԣ˵ģܹİɣҷûϵ˵ܱû˼㣿ҪԹȥһһһ㲻ҪһҪġ
˵ҲĻӦ̧֣žߡ
ﶶøˣŻѾˣʳˣֻˣܷߣܣ
ôţ˹ȥסṫӵȣ޺ɣ֪ˣߺòãҺ¡Ǿҵģû취㲻˵ֻҪҲ㲻ҺòãһΣߺòá
ṫЦ£벻ֻҲ˵óڣڷ֣ˣҸġҪЩҲƽˣپ֮ϣһһϯ֮أ
ϹۣװģŮˡ
ŮˬֱһЩ˾͸ģܸ߿һۣû뵽ôãǶűŲֱ⣬ǸҪԿ֤⸱ûûƤӡ
Լ׿ʲô
ϣţôҲҾδ̳ˣȻᱻһŮɱ˫ۣǿЦ
޳ǻʼû˰ĿڻǮ͵Ǹ棬ͷ۵̫ѨӦڣûú̸ˣȥɡ
ˡӦڿɲӦʹǽͷˣóԹȺڸ·
Ӧһ֣óԹȺһֶ̾һ̸ˡ
Ļˡ
ûװװһ˽죬ٶ㼸죬֮һ˭鷳ȥϣ˭ô죿
Ǳ٣˺֤϶ùؼ죬ǵοɲ˴ĵط˵ŮӽȥĶˡ
ʱ˲ϣˣҪ޳߹̫ûעԼԼȹڣһӾ͸޳һͶء
еЦԹȺЦ
ţöҲ˲ˣſŵƳ޳㲻ܱ٣ܣ
޳ޱ飺Ҹܶᡣ
㡢ô֪ܲζŮζʲôҪңúݶģ
޳ʱͼԼͷϿñӣҲ̲סˡ
ٺݶҲȲ㣬ԼƭǮڹͷϣˣӦڰڣʱ˰ɣۿҺҹһͷβ欵ģװò˸ͷڻҪһң㣿Ҿûôˣ
Ҳͦģ޳Ҳͦһ߸ͣǿ˵ҪǮλҪǸ壬ô򵥵飬Ҫ߾·Ҳû취ѽһ仰ͦԣļҳô󣬵һμôģ˲Ҫ޵С
һһ㲻ֱ˵ͨ죬ߵĻģҲֻ֪ˡ
޳ԹȺҲָָʲôСɧӣ꾫㣬Ĵʶ˵˿ڣſڵϱ˵ͷ̧
һȦҧҧŻһ£̧ͷȥﻹжŻԵӰ
ȭͷҪָϡ
ЩˣպɽˣؼʱҪˣһ飡
£ô졭
û뵽취ӦѾ۹ˡ
ۿûôý·˰ӦڵĽ˵ֱӾˣʲô飬ȥ˵ɡ
ʲô龪۽ţǾִˣѺǰ棬޳һ˸ţ滹кһڳԹȺڣһ·ȥв˼ԹУò֡
ţ޹˵ȾͲܲϽȥ
ҪҲ⣬ڳҲ޳ΡͱٵİӦĸ˺λۣһѯʵ⣬һ¼
˵ɣô£ʡ
ˣŮˡǰһһžͽ鶼˵ˡ
ηҪǳϲԣ޳ơ
˵꣬ۿ޳أ
ҹﶼ˵ˣֻҪǸŮĸҵǸҸЩ˳壬˶ѡ޳˵
λԼҲ˵һ°ɡκ޳Ļתͷ
ȻϲɫŰ참꣬һôҲܿһЩ֪£λίĹ


180 Ǹ
￴۶κ޳޶ԵӣۿܲĻӿһϣۣɤӻڡ
λˣ֪λֹԺﳣͬˣС˵ץģŮΪֹǺꡭǣŮҲᣬû뵽λ壬ˣҪΪСŮ
˵ţָСβѹѹ·˶ԩ
۱Ǹ۸ĵˣ̧һ˫ۣȵЩС˼۾
Ҷı£ʶ㣬ҲòǰװģŮӡ
һ仰ָ޳˸ñӣ
û뵽ģҭһ£ĬĬκͰӦЦ
޳ҲﻰеǱ̨ʣЦһǻǶԲλĲ²⣬ǼԺǸסģΪֹᣬѾ˵Ǽǣ̵ǼһģԺĶİٻ̵Ļƣ˴Ե˹ʻҲŲ鿴ϡ
ӦʱҲվ˳ȷʵˣǵֽһˣϻһλסǶֽҵֽзıĻƣôܸвϵ
ۿһ۸ǼǵˣǼ˷±ʳȥˡ
ȡ֤Ҫʱ䣬ڼһЩƭǮҥϸڣ޳ζһһֵ֮ſȥ֤ˣѯһŻصڡ
ܿǼ˾ͻˣżֽߵ۸ǰźá
ۿۣ޳˵˰
Ϣۺȫ֤ʵ޳ԩģ˾ϡ
Ȼᣬ¹ôֹǸ˵Ǿ˰ʱµǸ𣿡̧ͷ
޳ͰӦ̹̹۲˼ĺøУͬʱҲ˼ֲ
ûжԱû˺޳վһƷΣ
۱ɫҲˣʹвʣҲֻõͷ޳ǸԡԲ𡣡
޳Ͷ䣺ʲô
üŹ֣ոԺſڣ˵˶ٴΣװƵģǾͱ֮֮
ҧҧ޳˵Բ𣡡
ɶ޳һɻ󣬷·ˣû
ﰵޣԲƫֻõͷ˵һΡ
޳ǲ̫ŹԲʲôʲôԲҵ𣿡
ҡ㲻Ҫ̫̲סˣһ˫ۣͨ޳ŭ
ѽΪ㲻š޳б۾һۣﲻ̫Ź̫ΪҲãֻΪѵȥſڸҳɣúó壬˵ģĻҲ顣
ţɤӣ޳أע㳡ϡ
޳ӣָſڣʾϽġ
֪ԼӲˣĥĥߵſڶųԹȺڣСԲ𡭡
޳վලǸ鲻ԸӣᷳòУҪǲ壬Ҳԣסɡ
˿֪޳ǲ׷ŹԼˣֻʵʵڣԲң޳ֹ˵´֪ˣҵǸ
޳ǺһγĻҲΪѵؽܰɣû˵ʲôתȽȥˡ
ԹȺڶ⣬ֻǸƲ̬˵תһųͷ˹Դ˲ҺһԴҲ̼ͱ鲼ſڡ
ԹȺڱѬü˺ü
ſվڵС״ϽֹſڲӶô
ӼĴϽ˳ٺٺٶСЦ˼ˣСĬĬ̾˿
£øոǸûϣҪȻϻȥ֮ǰϴһµذ塣
ȺɧûһְˣСԼ֪СϢ
ﱻҵüһֱζǺǱ³ԹȺڻҪӣϽһ˵һ֮һͷζصȥ
һȥ޳˾ͱǹɳζѬס˿ڱǡ
޳ĳǰ˵˱һͷʺǼʶˣ㿴ȱ°ˣԺɲˡ
Ȼſڱǣ޳ôһ˵Ҳ̲ס۾
λȤ
޳ԼˣҲͲˣ۵лָδǱ𣬾뿪ˡ
ǿۺΣҪǹɳζ顣
޳ʱ򣬳ԹȺڻûɢȥ޳룬ԼбҪ˵䣬ǳ˸Ҿ
Ҳ֣֮ҵôҼʱ֤һףллҡͬʱҲ鷳ԺҪʲôҵĻҳһ޳лˡ
޳̬ȳϿңﶼ̹ͦվǰ˸Ͻǰ޳һѡ
˵ʲôأӦõġ
ѽӦõġԹȺߴߴ
ˣǸŮ㣬Ҫôͷѽһʡ
֪ϴǸˣҲԭˣ˶дʱܸľͺˣͷʲôľͲˣ˴޳ЦŻشĻ
û뵽޳ôģʱ޳ؿ㰡ԭˣĹټ޳ֱۣ͵صͷ


181 
úӣ˵İٻ̵ϰ壬治ܸɴµġЦе˵
޳һü٣ѵץסɵģˣʲôģҲǺҵڵģ˴ҵ֧֡ﻹһЩƷпչ䰡
ﱻ޳һ㡱üЦ޳֣˵˵пһСѾͷ𡣡
Щ㵽ΪֹȽϺã޳Ҳ˵˵еǿǿɣ˵ʹŰӦˡ
֮ǰֻŸ޳˵һߣע⵽ߴͦεİӦڣʱǰһ⣺Ҳ֪Сӳû
ôһڣһ͹ȥˣʲô鶼ûɣ޳ͷʹֻóŻû°ʱϽȥץʱദһ
첻ڵҲ֪ˡ
ƹأ޳һŵԱʡ
ˣںءԱԭǱߵģ޳ûʲôŵģ޳ָһºŵķԼæȥȡˡ
Сôˣ޳ţСͺӼ򼸸̵㡣
޳㡣
ϰ塣
ϤС׳޳к
ãԺ߶ֽˡ޳˵ͷ
ءСűü¼¾͸βƾ֤ˣ԰ȥˣϾͿϼܡ
СָŰӦڡӼͼʱԼߵ޳߻㱨
ǰ춼Ե˼ֱ桢ɹ
С׽Լѧͽģ˼ʹû޳СѣվһŬؿС㱨ģȡѧɣûر޳
ٶһЩģתһ룬ԼɨģôʲôʱͲˣͷ̫飬˿ûע޳Ͷߡ
ŻмְһЩϸ޳̫ȥʾӼ๤ԼСרſٳ칫С
ЩյС˵꣬ǰյ˱ȡŵ޳ǰ
ãҵȻƷһλ㿴ƷλڵƷĸݲ̫еģһλƷչǵðƷҲϣ㿴ŰŰɡ¹֮ǰн𣿡
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С׶ʱ޳ոտ࣬ѹȸкǿҲ֪ʲô⡣
涼תô޳ʡ
ƹĸǽһЩƷ࣬ôǩȱǩܷԼνӴЩС׻ش
ҲϽҴ֪ճҪЩʲôЩ˲СĴ򷭽ЩҺ壬Ҫһʱ䵽лÿһΣȱ뱣ָעⲻƷմһˮ
޳˻⣬ôʱڣԼҪһЩ˽⣬Ҷòأ֮ʵʱֲ̫ʧ
Ŀǰɨǹ֮һģһЩ컹˽ʱϤҵԺ෽棬ܹܲˣͿԼˡ
Ȼ๤ģҪԼϽеʱҪö࿴ѧҲûСһƹԼϽҳ󻰾˵ǰͷҵĵ棬ͬһλҲǴ̫ãʱҪǱȲϱˣ޷ʤλǾֻ뿪һ·ҪǺá
Ա޳㷽ģԼˣҲģһеģһ߹ʤεĻҲûǹ¡
Խ棬ĲԽʢˡŬƹһû뵽ɨҲǰ;Խ룬Խܸоõ޳ģʱۿȣΪԼոںŲ뷨е
һúŬģһֽĽ̻塣ϵ˵
ţȳȥɣȥֿǱߴɨȹٵ
ͳȥˡ
޳վһСףָָһһӣɡ
С׹Թ£˫ַϥϣ׶԰Сѣŵؿ޳
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޳ʧЦôţֲ㡣
С׻ǽŵòУš
ڲ
޳û취ֻһˮСʳǰ԰ɣŵģҵȻһ˱һæ˴ȥΡ
áС׵ͷ侲һЩ
޳λͿʼˣһʱֻ˱͸ֽ
СûһСƹ˵ݣʶ䵽޳ϣ޳ӣСһӾͿˡ
޳㡭ÿ
ԣ޳һֱܺÿš
С׵˼·֪Ͳ˵޳ʲôʱߵǰ֪
޳Сǰ˻ӣʲôô۾û۽ˡ


182 ˯
ǵڳԹȺڵĴڶյ˲ٹ˿ͣ޳òæ
йϢѾ˳ȥӦƸĲ٣СҪԣСײʶְﲻæ޳ŸȥͻˣϤ·ҲǱȽҪ£ǰ̨˵ֻ޳һˡ
յǸҲˣ޳ڼˣһ£ϰ壿ѽ½ĸɹҿɰԣⲻһء
˵ţʮװĸɹӷŵ̨ϣĶܣһ̨档
òٰ޳дƷţһ̾һ䡣
ѽõϡвס޳ˣ߶߶Ҹ㽲¶һȥǼöˣÿ죬㶼֪һȥʱ򶼴ɶˣһȥǳɷ˺ô󾢶Ҫ˵Ǹ治У຦ǡ
˵Żҡҡͷ
޳ţλĸеݣû뵽˵˵£ﻹȥˡ
ллˣҪǰҳ壬¾ҪˡЩܼʮһģҸĨͷҲллİæ֮ҪǴһʲôᣬ鷳æͽ͡޳Ŵл˵ָ꣬װúܡ
һһǾллʡЩɹǳһϡû뵽ֻ˵˵͵ôŻݣʱϲüЦǮĶ޳ʱˡ
޳ӣڣͷ㶫࣬ͣľƹȥСһµַС
֪֪ӣ޳ӻ֣˰
޳ãߡ
Ŷӵͦ࣬˿Żݣ編ƣҪ޳Ķʵ٣ûڣǱ޳ѾˣҲûƤۿֻۣԼĶˡ
֪ǲǴȥ˵ʲô֮һˡ
޳æʱϢСǱ߽Թ棬޳пȥԷ
Ա޳æ죬Ա֣ҲͷʩչȥˣԼСÿڿǰʶ֣ڵѧϰ°ܶӹõҲʵ
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޳ڴշת࣬ôӸ࣬ʱȥ
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ڶգҶʰûϴ·̲ͬѵǵĿ֮³š
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ÿ춼лʹȻæĻƣ˳֮ǰӦںͺӼ˲òڵæ
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˯ž͹ˣȥæɡȥҵԵġ޳ϸţȥ
һֻͣûеģԻԼȥİ
Ӽ޳ıӰø첲һ°Ӧڣʲô˵˯ţʲôɣ
ôµĻǿеŶ
ӦҡҡͷӦòϵ£ǣС϶Ҳ˯š
С˯ñ硢ѵñء
ӦǱ飬ʲôأ
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ݹǮأôС
ӼӦڲ˵ҲͲˣ棬СͰӦ˶û⣬Ӧò
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û޳еƲסҪڴϣƾҪһӵˣţҪټһ
޳̫ȣҶе㲻˼һ֣һ㣬ƼС˳·ҹġ
ƼСϿ棬˺еŶ
޳΢Цųͷʾ⣺ֹþò
ȷʵþòԴ޳ܾүӵ֮˾ûˡ


183 
С㣬þò޳С㹰֣գлˣСһԶٷ
ֹˣ˳·ѣȻҶѾ͵ҾͲλˡСЦ˻֡
СߡҶҲŻ֡
СԼʲô£кͲٶˣܿƼҵͲӰ
Ҷ޳Ҳû˱˼˵˵һȥüôһ˾ˣŵңƼСҲһ·ϳô죿
޳һҶһ˳ţĻŻš
Ҷı죬е㲻ġ
Ϊ޳ܸţոջСǰ޲ҪôһСһߣ˾ͱˡ
ߣƱŮˣ
Ҷıͷȥ޳Σͷû㣬ǵ㣬òã
˵ûףˣҶĲŲأҪؼңһأ·ߵƨɶˡ
ЩҶľ˵ڵģҲ֪ǲ̫޳ˣһ޳ʹӡ
˵־ԼЩ޳࣬ԼҪǶܲ˵Ļ̫ѷɫˣǸæĿڣšʵҲûۡ
޳ǰ˿ɰֺЦǵЦⶼѹסãۡңǳԶȥ
Ҷ̧ͷ㻹ûԷ
ⶼˣ͹ڼҵʱԷʱˡ
޳ӣ΢æһ㣬ԾͳЩûвʱԷ
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Ҷɣûƭң
Ӧھţĸңûƭ㣬һԱʶУߣһǱߵ͹ÿ춼򷹣ֽܿڳԷ
ʳǰһûȥĻδʵʳģ򵥼ӹ֮ɷˣñˣԭû˸ҳԣ޳ԼҲԣЩ͹Ҳ͹ˡ
ǵĻϰԼԵķˣǾûʲôõĵˣԲ͹֪޳ûгԷ
ҶĿѵӣǿˣΪȥæɡ
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޳һ£ԭǴȥСģҶˣȻͲôˣĲ͹ݾ¥һ飬ѡһȥζ¥ɣԶٺõġ
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ԵˣʡǮʳģһһԣʱǶæһǣԺ¶ܾЩ
Щ¾ˣ޳Щ˾Ͳһʮ춼ؼˡ
ҶС̴ö졣
޳Ҷĵգת䣬֪Ҷһٶ²ʡǮô򵥣¾Эˡ
ðɣġǾڸĲ͹ݳԵ㡣
ѹ͹ûˣ޳˼ҳˣõȶã˾ˡ
԰ɡ޳ȸҶļһӡ
æ𣿡Ҷİŷʡ
æҪȥ˵ߵɽ棬ɫ
ԭеæģҶˣҲûôæˡ
Ҷҡͷȥˡ
һ·߹ʲôûɣӶܻκˡ
޳ɫЩƣҲû˵ʲôˡ
˰ŷܱ˰ԡ
žԼ֣޳ĵãȻһ̧ͼҶĿضԼ
˵ģôûң
޳ͷʹⲻǣڳԷڸ˵µθڡ
Ǹ޳Ӷġ
˵ʱûãթƭؽ˵ΣûҾͰˣӽġ
Ǹװģһףǰһȥʲôˣǧתָһˣ˵ȥģлһ飬٣޴ˣ
Ǹﵱˣһ²ܣ˵氮Ǹһƭɶɶġ
ǮҪˣҼĵ˵ǸĴҲȫû½⣬ֻҲɱúõǸǮ


184 
޳ϸϸ˵飬ݺԼֻһʴҶóԲ·
ҶĹȻû룬ÿӴŷʣôҹƭôǮģ滹СȥҪǮҹӸʲôȥˣ
ǺʱûȥഫǮĻǹϣҹӺȾƣƣ˵ԼҪʲôҪһǮӴҲˣϻȥǮԼûô͵͵ӵޡûͱ֣˼ҷãٷ˻УԲŽС
ҶĿۣǣӶлð򡣻˵ﻹһףȻͬʱĸ˱ϵǸŻԺϣҲ̫˰ɣֻǸ氮ǸӮҡ
ѽ޳ͣΪѾˣ٣û뵽˼ĸ
Ҳǣǹ߻װģģЩ˲ʲôԾĵطｿİίҲͱȥˡ
˵ˣοϢã޳ʡ
졣
ôã㶼ûϢ޳üܲˡ
ǲŵؼ㶼ء
ί
޳ҿˡ
磬޳Ҫصﴦ飬ҶſϢһûڵɹһʳģл͵ȥóĿʱ׼һ͡
ҶѡʳĵʱûܿʶԱǣ˵޳Ҫʱ࣬ȲҪڵԷ¹ԡ
ƽӵͻʱе㷢£ԼҲûʱͻȻɹôʳҪʲô
³ŵַСȷ˺üβŸҰͻ
ȵ޳µʱ򣬽С׳ȥ֪ͨһ´ң֪Ͷ֪ˡ
С޳ű룬Աвӣ˵ҪȾƵģҶĵӣû뵽磬ǸС˵Ӽ˵ȾƵĻԴܵĹ
õģȥ
С׵˳ͳȥˡ
ĽĲǰûٳԹɲʲô¥Ĳû뵽ôٴγԵ붼ġ
Ƕ֪ϿԳԶٺõģٽ¹ʱ򣬵ʮԱˣڹ֮ǰһйã޳Ӹļ϶һСϻʲôˡ
Ǵˣڳûǵһ˼¸ɻģϰ³ʹңǵһ
Ȳ˵ôģǾѾܸжˡ
ŶˣںӼĴҶ֪ϰֻױգҶľǵϰ
Ǵ̫ãֻ޳ƽ￴ͶûʲôȤҶϢǾЩҲûﲻԡ
޳ʱ򣬺ӼȲؾС̳˵㣬ǿɶȲˡ
ԶԶԣڴѽСѾͷҲһصͷﻹСƿĹơ
޳һɨȥüһﶼЩӸɹɶģÿﶼ͸Ŷ͵ڴ
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ģһ޳ƿԺţҶĶŲ˴ӳ
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֮ҶĶһתͷȥӼһЦؿҶľ֪һٲ˵Ĺ͡
ʱҲˡ÷˶ˣϴ־ܳˣϽģ˲óԡҶЦ˵
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˵䣬޳Ѿϴһ˲ˡ
ʮҲûۼ˵ͣҲʲôλǮǴһְ˽ŵģʢʢ˲˵Ķ˲ˣõӵõӣܿһ˾
޳ϲӦףкŴҳԲˣҪнҲҪʲôģ˵ԼתͷרչҶģʱʢʱͷʱвˣæĺܡ
ԼҲ԰ֻңԵ㡣Ҷļ޳ԼûôԣϽҲ޳һĲˡ
š޳ô̵ŵŶԼ
˵ӣ޶ʮԱãһٷ˵ʹңʵΪ޳ʮֻ˳ġ
СѾͷӻԾһЩ˵ĻĽ༷üŪ۵ģżСЦе㼤
үֵؿǣ̫ڼʲôСĺһ٩ϵҲ֡
ǿúѽʯССѾͷ˵
СѾͷżȣͷҲãҪҲҵôõ˾ͺˡ
СѾͷڿ꼦ȣһͣҲ˹˵ھôˣ˽µöѽ
ʯ󲻳ͷ²⣺Ӧúܺðɣҳô󣬾ûмôĿŵһ˺á
ҲǣĽѽ


185 ͵Ϯ
޳ʹҶľ¥ˣʣʮԱ¥ྐྵ̸˵ء
ӻ᲻᲻̫ãҶЩǡ
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ҲԡҶҲǣҪǽùµ뷹µڳԼҲԲʹ죬¾Ͳˣ顣
ôˣôסµģⷿʱ򣬷ûôࡣ
һ¥ס¥ŮסỤ̄ͨҲǸԶ¹ŹƷסӵһЩȴպϰɣʱ俴ӪΣճɻĻнĻԼȥⷿӡ
Ҷĵͷ̵ͨĻȷʵסôˡ
Ҷ󿴿ҿ֮ǰʱ˺ܶණرǱӺ͸ֽиСܣ涼顣
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Ҷ޳ĽŲԶȥźӽԼס
ոտ϶ڵЩСѾͷˡ

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ոշʲô
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޳ֲķһ£ȷͷ˲ŷͷף˵ƣ§˯ȥ
ҹһҹû˯ãúܣ˯ˡ


186 Ū
Ҷˣ޳Ȼû˼ڹϣС׶СţԼҶԼȥˡ
СѾͷǻ֪أɻʱڿ죬ſʱʱ͵С丽תƣͼϰͷôദģϧһ죬СֻС
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·¥ʱҶͣ½Ų޳ȥ˵ɡ
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죬ʼˡҶСǰ޳ֿ첽ǰ濿˵λȥ
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һ£ִҶͦ𾢣˻˵Ľż²ۣҶҲΪ˵˵յĵطŵץԼ䣬һ˫Բ۾ǵɵԲСţĶҧôڸǰ
޳Ȥֹȥȡ˹Ҷǰûάøơ
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ͷò豭ɿһĻϣţ
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ɣ
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ϣԼ̫ʧڣ˲豭ƿĿ⡣
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ʲô
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Ҷ˵ֽȡͼ޳ѾݵԼߡ
ſڡ޳ŬԼЦ
Ҷһת޳ôŪǽ޳סȥ㺬Ƥ޳ָһɨ
ܿ죬Ե˸Ҷģʲôûһתͷȥ飬һһĵĽŸ㣬ֻжһɫʾ˸ոյĶʵ⡣
޳û뵽һߵҶľȻڴ֮ͥĶֲ֪ʲôӦ
ֱԱߴһԲڵ޳ջ֣ϣţǿװ򶨵ظҶʹӿǡ
زˣŷֿãľѧˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ÿɰô죿
޳ţ̲סҶԲЩĲϣרעһעһֱûôеϣƵƵĿ
ϣĴָĥűڣԼҲûʲôôĪĸоеأ
ദģʽôôְϣаĥ
ԼЩŮԱף۸жãһҲûôܹ
ϣ߻ûĥ޳Ǳֿʼˡ
Ҷԣ޳ԾģͿͶι֮·
ģ졣޳š
Ҷ۾û뿪˵ֻ΢΢ͷʶ͸޳Ļ졣
޳һӷŽ
Ҷıͽһֱظ˺üΣֱ˵˵гϢˣҶĲŷӦ
ܺ棿ҶĹĵġ
޳ɰӣͷûңֺֻõؽѾСĹǰơ


187 ϣ
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޳ӣԼٶȥ͸ðëˣǲˣͷʹӡ
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޳֪ǰλӽʲôǼǵҲһλŪĵĿˡ
ллϣ˵
ʱʵӦõߵģô˵ҲӦһͬ鶼˲С
лʲô޳̧ͷһĪǼҲܺߣȫ֪飬ôֲֶͷϰ
죬Ҳ׾˵۸˫ʱ֪࣬ͷֱӾˣǷҹһǸϣ˵
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ĹʺȥԱá
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ϣͻȻͲ֪˵ЩʲôˣҲĬ.
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˵ÿҪĹʱҪģʱ䵽˵ʱֻ꽫ǰֻ֪Σ»طֽ⡱Ͳ˵ˣ
ʱ¥һƬꡣ
ҶҲ첻̫ˣû꣬Ҳ֪üء
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޳ôˣԼûҶĳȥԹһٺõģпգݳһҲǲС
ҶǿͿʼԥһôˣö󰡣ڿɻûԣһٷԻӻʮӡ
ҪǻԳ԰ɣ̫ˣǮôࡣ
ϣŻûߣҶ޳ӣڽſ޳С
Ҷⷬ޳鸴ӣΪĸеݣΪСĽڼеѹûסеڴһڣһҶĵ߰ɣҶûԹأǮΪ˳Եõ
ҶֲǰߣҲˡ
ֻϣλϼֱԼ۾
ոա񡭡λֹλӹ֣
Ů֮䣬鵱ܺõ̶ֳ
Ӧòǰɣ
ʲô
СֻܹͳٳҴүԼ֪ʶä
˵ˣһõ緹㣬¥Ҳûˣϣÿ˵ˣҲؼҡ
Щˣһѵ鶼ǵĽᣬҲûȥЩˡ
ϣǰŲ鷿͹ˡ
ϣţýˣ˵㣬Ǳأȥɡ
վűߣСع۲ԼҶӵɫϣû֮ǰǷ֮ɫ˿ֻҪϣŲǸǧŮƭӾͺá
ý㣿ϣŲ죬ýʱǳʲô
ڨڨͷɫȹȥɡ
ϣŷеıߣ
ýҾΪ˺ˬ棬ԼҶס겻ӰʱͻȻʲôҪɡ
Ŷȣ˸ĸɹԵÿģϣŹָָԱߵӣ


188 
ý㣬ʲô𣿡ϣʣָԼý衣
һȥǣû²õܣ
ϣЦܣýȻǸ˵ģֻʱýڸſأҲк
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ңϣɻ
Ҳ֪˭ΪһƭԸʶ䣬⻹ϸɣôЩôģϢ³
յŵʱԼ۾
ңȻôһСɵӣСɵӻΪһСƭֱҪЦˣ
ϣβѣԺƮⲻǣ֮ǰûҲ֪ôװ
ڻ˵룬Ĺͷ
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ͨˣ
šϣŵͷ
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ϣŷʲôý˵ˡ
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¿ԼαԼոյǷ궼õ
̫ˣû뵽ⱲҲ˵ôȵĻ治
ǰ;


189 
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ϣԭʵȰԼΥ£ɺ˵ҲȻˡ
㡣ϣų°ͣ¡
»ڶԼ֮С
ҪǽյҲڣԼָⷬȥ϶û룬Ҳ˵һ졣
̡
ûʲôϣҡҡͷ
˵ո㽲ЩҶˡ

¥Ѿȵʱɹۡ
޳ͽһɡһ̵ķȥ
Ժ󣬲ҪôһǮˡҶ޳֣ջǽõĻ˵˳
һ緹˺üӣһٷôǮô÷̫ݳˡ
޳ͣ½Ųͷһ˿Ī˷ܸ𽥵ȥó𣿡
óԡҶĵͷƷĿ϶ܺóԣÿһ˶Һܾϲ޲ȫԹ⣬ǣ̫ˡ
˹ûȱ㡣
ǾͲһǮ޳תǰߣҲԡ
޳еѹҪ׬ǮҶڳԷʱ򣬲ٵļ۸顣
ˣ˴ʶԼҲŴôһ١
Ҷȴ˵ԼһǮ
޳ӿһУѵԼһҶԶٺõģо
ѵԼԷǮͲˣ
ΪԼ֮ǰ˵ûӦ̸β飬ԼծۣԽ̫ˣ
ǣЩǮĿǰӵӯ¸¾ܸѽںԼڣżġ
Ҷظо޳Ծ˵ﲻԣԼԼˣе㲻ˡ
޳Լ֣ͷϵɡٿ޳ûʲô飬һʱ䲻֪ǲˡ
޳ҶĻһ
ţ޳Լָƽӣͷ
ȻôûǮŬЩˣʱãӯǮӦþͲΪǩ˰ɡ
ҶĿǸӣʲôĵ£ʱԼˣԺǮˣԡ
޳ɡֽ˽á
̫ȣûʲôˣ޳ҶĽŵʱ򣬵Ա棬Ĳţһ͵͵飬ΪԼ֪
޳ɨһۣûʲô⣬ҲȥˣֻҪã飬ǻǺܴɵġ
СæûˣСֻСϰ㡣
ֽãĽáС׼˽ţæʺá
á޳ͷҶ˸ӣһ£ҴһЩ飬ǽ۵ɡ
Ҷģá
ҶĻͦϲ޳洦ӣ޳濴۾գһ¡
ֽ㡣СָĹӣڣƹ˵ΥԼԷѾˣڹ 鿴һ¡
޳ͷʾյתͷԼİ칫칫϶˼ļȻСոշŵġ
޳һ£ݱȽ⣬ֹ飬ȻǵḺ́ˣĶʲô£һЩĻ㱨
ֹƷʲôģп棬Ҳʱ䣬޳ۣӳ﷭ΥԼ˶һ飬ûʲôȱ©Ҳûˡ
ﶼû˵ھֻСײӵ
鲻࣬ͦ졣
޳еıʵʱҶѾ˸ƣſαϻ˯
޳̾ߵǽ۵򿪷źãȻҶĵļ
ҶŬɵ˫ۣˣ
ûȵϢȥͻȥ޳Ȱš
ҶѾԺˣ޳ʶΪԼڼֻ޳Ĳӣĵؿļϣ޳Լ
СĿһۣо̣ٿæƵϣŪӵٶȿһЩ
λĹϵЩӣѾڰͺӼ֪ˣտʼҲ𾪣룬Ҳͦġ
СĿռ䲻Ϊ˷㣬Ŵĵطװӣ޳ҶķڴɺãӣȻߵСߡ
ôˣҿ޳֡
С׹˲Ϻߣ æֺͣͱʣ˫ַϡ
޳һҳһҳȥһֱ㵽ҳ棬ŷд󣬲ɿڣ⼸طˣ˵ĻϢż
޳ֻСһô࣬ͷЩңţȰ
СȴǺС⼸ģո͵λʱġ
ҡ͸ġС׿ĿİͰ͵˵æӹϰᡣ
޳ͮͮΪǼģ룬οģ֮ʱϸһЩܸĹУ̫ѹ
ãллֽ㡣Сͷȫע¿ʼϰ㣬ٷġ
ҶѾ˯ţ޳Ҫ׬㣬ذ칫ߣʼĥڼմҪôȻɱԤ㣬д߻
߻ûо˵İˣ޳޸ĸģĸķϷϣʱű߾˷ĸֽͷ


190 
ڣ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ̡
޳оԼûôҶദʱ͹ȥˡ
Խǿ֮ڣ޳ĹԽæҶĿҹҹİ֮ʣֲ֪ôæֻһȰţһ취Щӵĳʳ
糿Ҷڴϣ޳֣ĵŽ
޳ֵû취ֻøһȵ潥û˶޳ѹݺ˸
𣿡޳͸˵ĶЦʡ
޳ӣһֳͷѾһͷ˳ֱĺڷɢڼϣмΪոպֶ΢΢ɢڡ
Ҷľӵ޳ÿˣƸʱ¶һĻĻغ
ҶĿſţĿⲻԾ޳ī֮£ССϣ˼֪Ʈ˱ĵط治֪뵽ʲôеɢӿա
ŻԼ޳Ҷ͵ػعΪ֪ģϱסԼգֻ¶һ˫ˮ۾Ҷ
޳ȤҲ׷ʣЦŶȥȻͣ˲ϡ
Ŀ
ţҶգգۡ
ô
޳һ͵±ϵһ£ҶĻûӦʱѸ·ڼϣ첽ſȥ
ҶǱĶŪĪŵʶ޳û˵ڵĻʲô˼ϵɫҲǲסˡ
ԱϰȥˣԺﾲĵģ޳û˹˼ɣ˸裬Ҳûطֱӽ˳͡
һŻһĥⷿ顣
ҪԱȰǲܵˣҪ˽ܿռĻԼȰߡ
ԭҶûûʲôرҪעĵطҶһܶͷǳˡ
Լκεطʲôʲô΢һ㣬ǽǡ
޳ʾԼ⼸ǳǳǳѰ
һʳͷǰܿõµͣŵõ˵ʳԼǣΨܳԡ
޳Ҷǰ۵öûС
Ҷĥĥ䴩·һֱû޳Żȥ֮ǰҪ࿴ۣ˲Ϻߣ·¥ϴ
ҪֿСµʱ䣬ҶĵͲǺ¥ڲǰ˶еƲֵġ
޳ʢǰߣգϵʲôĳɰˡ
ҶĴſӴûʲôȥ
޳ʡ
ȷʵϷ㣬Ҳá
ţʱԵĻֱ򷿰ɣ˷סﶼС
Ҷû˵ˣǳˣʲôʱʲô飬ȡ֪ģα˵޳Ҳѹء
ԣ
Ҫֱˣ޳ôһ㶼ûвѹӣ
Ҷĺ֪ûҧϾ̧ͷȥ޳޳һڽһڵĳԣϵƲһ˿˿
ҶĶʱˣֻԼһΪֱѹŶ
ӣ
Ҷķ߷ߵس棬һ׺ݵӣ·ҧĲ棬ǶǸˡ
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⣡ô̵ʱڣַʲô
СŮ˼ѲŶ
޳ֱԼʱòҪֻһ߳棬һС͵͵档
ҶĵÿȥҲ죬;Ͳˣಽظ޳޳ʰʱţϴʱţ·ʱҲţճ˵С
ʱ·ΪﻹûпԴѣȥʱ·ϳԺȵˮʲôôˣˣ޳ʰһҲûʲôҪˡ
ʲôʱ޳ڴҶġ
һɡҶĻ޳һ
Ѿʱˣ糤ҹ̣ʱϵʱ컹ţҴﵽϵ٣ʱ໨ǮȥϣϾֻЩġ
ҲС
޳֪Ҷʲô뷴ԼҲŻȥû⡣
ҹҲæͻȻڸոճԱ£޳ЩסˣüǷ֮һѽҶȻҪ㣬Ǿ˯һ
˵ֱһ˾͵˴ϡ
ҶĻΪҪʲôأ˫ַϾҪ֮û˱Ķԥһ£ûĶ֣޳
޳ºͱ˫ۡ
Ҷת˸յ˫ۺͽձ˲ٵĺȦϣﷺϸϸܵۡ
޳ʱ˳˯ҶĲźȻ뵽޳ӣ϶ԼһôȥԼȥǿ϶ȸ֪ԼǴϵڣȴʲôû˵
ٽ⼸ͣذҹӣǾֻһܣǣ޳һȥ
뷨ðһ̣ҶǵʧͲʱɢټ̲ˣһ㣬˿˿ġ


191 
ϣž˼͹۲죬ý˵öԣϰȷʵһ֣Һİٻ̺һܲѡ
ũֻд֮࣬и߲ˡ࣬ٻƷúЩҲ˵ȥũȫԹİٻ̵̣
һȻ׬һ㣬꣬ʧӦҲ٣أҲôۡ
ϣŴ⣬ҹ飬ڶͽİٻ̵ݽȻʮڴȴš
ֻϧϣһ޳ǰһѾҶĻϣԸϣǢ̸ǵƹС
ϣûԸ޳ЩʧСļ۸ܲڲ¥һ磬СҪũ￼죬ʵؿҪ֮ϣҲȻˡ
̸⣬˭̸̸ܳɾС
޳Ҷɫڵʱ򵽵ļңݲݳ򵥸̺˵С׺Ϣˡ
ԵĵϨ磬̺´ϢҲϨ˵¡
ݷãʱּԺѾһƬֻۻȥˡ
ģڶҶˣ޳緹ٴνݵʱҶĻͷ˯
ۼͷԽԽ޳ϲϰֻ࣬ý˽ѡ
Ҷ޳ʱΪ޳Ҫ֣žһ°޳ҡԼָĿͷ޳ͷﻹţۡҪ˯
޳ָ˲ϵһ죬ûĽȥˡ
޳ôûѽ𣿡ʹˣ٣ϰ޳ڵʱͶģۿҶϹʱҪˣ˻ûӷЩġ
û£ˣȥ٣˯ɡ޳̵ǵɫû˼˵Լֵ̫֣׷ʣһͳţû׷ʵĻᡣ
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컹ٵĻÿܲ޳ȥΪҶ٣ؼҵĹϵ޳Ҳ֪ȣû˵ʲôֱӵͷˡ
޳Ǹ⣬ӽóֱӹյԼȥ
ٻ̵Ϣԭǲοõģõ˿ʱ䣬ȻҲˣȥոպá
˵ʱֻкԶæ
޳硣
ֽ硣ԶҪſڵĶһ߰һ߸޳˵Ϣ˵ڹ
޳ͷ֪ˣʱˡټ죬Ǿܴˡ
ԭҪˣʱֶȥµĵ־͸Ľȱ
ԶͷҲУææǹǮѽæʱ򣬶ʱæҲǺۡ
޳ȻˣЩʣصģΪͻ˲ٲȫƹķˣʱⲿֵǮһ£׬µĹǮ
޳ʵϵĻشЦˣæɣҿ¶Ļ㱨
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ϧ˼־ڴˡ
޳뵽ͷۣһŽ˻ʱƹ񣬵ֻˣһҪȥˡ
⵽Ҫһ˵ƹŶ
С̫СѧͽͯˣƹȻУһֻҪʱ䡭
Ǹϼգûʲôˣ޳ó濴˼ۣûʲô⡣˺ԶµĻ֮󣬽ԶúøɣԼ˱ͱȥˡ
һͨڣصҵʱҶѾ˹ǻڴϲȻ֪Լˣڰá
޳ֽļڴͷϣֽ˱СһˣȳԵ㶫˯
Ҷķûйͷһ֫붯
úúãҸ㴩ͷȻϴͿԳԶˡ޳غţûа㲻ͷ
ҶĹԹãһήҵӣ޳ڡ
ͷأ⴫̵޳㡣
޳Ӧţ¸Ҷһβ裬ȻߴҶĸϽȥϴԼȥݻ͡
ݵʱѾ˵˲ˮ޳ֱˡ
ĸʲô𣿡޳ڡ
ôʣٲµǸ续Ļйء
Ȼ˾˵ģˣȷʵҪ¡
ȫЦ⣬ȻܲǼ续ͳЧĻѾ°źˣ¸¶ʮ죬ԭЩ˵ģֻ˵æô㣬ϵ˽졣Ҫпգո֡


192 
˵Ļȷ޳Ҳͦ˵ģһ续ǵѣæҲʱ䣬ǲĸʱ̫С
˸æ֣ԽȻԽáʱǵýмҲһǧԼڼˡ
֮ǰǼﲻ㣬ûˣȻҪú֣֮á
˿ɺĨӣԼһ˾ȥˣһСԼڼ˵ȥɲ
޳ʧЦĸģʱҼжҾʹ˹ȥ
Ͷˡ
˵ˣһȽҪ飬˺˿ڲ裬ſڣ޳ţǼ֣ҪɹĶжˣǼһ£ˮһЩеģֱӾﶨˣ㿴Σ
ŵ⣬޳ȻûоܾĵѽֻҪĸŵùⶫλſԣŵӹֱӸۡҪһЩȷҪЩϾЩ治࣬ȱĻǻȥţҪȻʱ͵øϻˡ
ھ¸¶ʮѾһʱˣʱЩûǰ׼ãΪ˷ֹ⣬Ʒñš
úúãһõӸ㡣֪¾վҾͲˣȻȥһ²˵ղɹù
ãĸæ
ҶںԺԼԼһЩҲûúʱѾˡ
ĸ˵续Ļ𣿡Ҷʣոˡڡ֡
ǣǼҴֱɹһЩҸۡ
ӦõġңǰҷӣƥҲǼǰ͵ģҲɹǾǲǮӦõġ
ԭȲ£ΪЩҲͰٰʮͷˣȥǲ֪ЩҪûõӣǧ˰һõ
޳Ҳ뵽ͷֻĶ飬ҲһʱܻģҵӣԼ˼Ҳδؽܣ۸ɣģԺ˵
ӦûţȳԵ㣬ȥ￴һ˱޳Ҷ˵
µˣ˵òǮǮüӲӲ
ãȥɡҶļѽ˳ҲͲȥˣ
ЩӣѲóȥɻڼһֱһЩܼ飬ҶҲ˵ϧСŮ̫£ҶҲȥˣÿ¸㹤Ǯˡ
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ҶֵؿвԼְ˻
ˣ˭
㣬ˡСشӳ˳һ޳úȣûסһ롣
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ҲԺѽܳǸпջ϶ˡҶգЦ˵
˵Ҳˣӵһ˫ҽҲ֪ʲôʱ˵ˣҽ϶ˣǰ˵ֲźÿٺ٣
ѽڣͺܿɰСӾҪԲһЩźÿ
Ҷһߺһ߸죺ƻҪüܻ޳˵³æҶµϢǵֲûˣҪϢյ¸£ʱܸڼҴһ㡣
ģѾϲ¸һϢѽ
졣ûݡ
˵ҶĻͦģôϸĹȻһ¶Ϣ붼ۡ
תһ룬õݹ֮ǰǽҲһ춼ϢҲϰ˰ɡ
ѽϲ̣ҿˣѧ˺öأ϶ԡ
Ž㾪ϲĵӣ̲סҿһƮ߾ҶĵĲϡ
ɻ󣺡㣬ѾҼçݣȥ
˵ŲҶĻӦͱıˡ
ҶɻԼĲӣӣӣ
ûʲôҶֻѿˣ༸½ĵȹ⣬ȻԼҪõĶ׼֡
ǰʱôӳһλڼգ巻˶ҪѧҲ⣬ѧãҶ֪ԼĿǰˮƽäĿţҲҵֻжС
ȡçݻҶѾڴˣԼ̰棬çַڸӼϣȡҶĸԼ׼ĻӣҶԱ߰ȫλϰ
úúѧԺͲôˣǽ˵ģһֱǵá


193 Ķ
Ҷһһ߿Űһſڵ续һţж죬̧ͷȥ
ˣ߰ɡ续һһӣҴҴԺ
ĸں׷续üѽԲġ
ĳ棬Ҹĸ֮Ҷľûټÿο̲סЦ
˫ŮͺûԱһÿζ޲ŮܱŹԡ
续ҶЦͣζţѽ㿴Ҷֳʲôˣ
续ԣٳԣ͸ôˣƲɼõʹ̫࣬ˣƫƫﻹһͶιܿܳԣĺʹ࣡
˿ɲӾҪֵĲи续ͣ½ŲϽ׷ɷ˵续ӣˣⲻͦݵڰŶ׳ʵſԣۼҲȱǮ
ˣ续֪ϼҵھãСֺģͦɰһСǣΪʲôűѽҪԼֲã
续ֲֻýӹУã˵ˡ
Ȼ巻øЧҲС
˼续㽫ӽӹȥˣתҶģЦеشӵݸҶģҲڶǰ̫̫ѧŵģɺóˣ㳢
ҶȻڳţ˵ͶιҲֽӹãллĸ
ϽҪٵˡ续Լ׻Ҫ˵ϽϣҶĵ־ǰܣҪš
УȻ͸гЧһ˻ӻ֣ӦţӰʧڲתݡ
̫ˣˣСһҪˡ˫ڳſڣ˵
˲غߺߣҾ͹ôˣˣ˼ҴÿɺأЩ˶ٿ㲻֪ΪҪ˲ҪץʱѽԺ˺ӣɾͳ費ˡ
ŮҲԼ̲סͶ谮ŮһЩʱ续ҪԿˣ᲻á
˵㡣
˵һ䣬Ӿͻ˺ü䣬˵Ҫ߶ˡ
һո׷ŮܵӣԼվڸǰԼøӣԼԣ׵òУԼץһˡ
㶵ؿ룬ٿ뿪ıӰһɣ˽˻ˮˣʮô
̫߳ˡԾͲ԰ɣȶӻӳԡ
˵ŸŮţû룬ùǽӸǺãŲӾͳȥˡ
дɹ鷿ĴöԺӣ̧ͷȥͼкԼһͳţʱһؿڲûдĲɹ϶˸ںī㡣
˶ˣԴӾһֱΧŶŮתԼɷ򶼲ǵˡ
뵱ڲԭȥʲôҪԼ˵һأŮ˹ȻƱ䡣
ԽԽζֽеıʶøˡ
úдú㣬Ū꣬Ů޳ȥЧСӹܣӾԼˣû
Ҳڼңⲻ
ţ뵽ŮڼҲû೤ʱˣ

ϰûϢյģҶϰȥˣ޳ȻҲҪȥ̿
ʱæýŲմأ޳Ҳʲô¼ˣ޳̨㣬ˣȥæ
˵ԼȥŻװ
Ҳ֪ʲôӣ֮࣬޳˳һӵĿˣҲ˲ˣˮûüȾñʵǼȻ
ò׵ȵмɢˣ޳пմͻĻȴеæ
æ
޳ſյһˮ
ͦæⲻ׼͵ʢʳﲻñ棬ũæֹȥˣ嶼æżȢأϸǮ˼ңɲæˡ
Ǯ˼ҽŵԣϯһҶ죬ⲻòŹ֡
һֲźһȷ磬ʱʱ޳ȼ¡
æʱ뼸ʱҲУµױ˵ͿˣȨƹеģ˻ҪǻǲҲԼˡ
޳ộˣæʱæ
һ㣬úܺãͨ
ûصͷҼסˡ
䲻ǽ鵹ִеһ˿޳ⲻ١
Ͳɣҳܸɾͳɡ
ˣǿ̫ࡣ
㱨ɲ鿴ʩһϵйȻع͹°ʱ䡣
޳һԸţûһ˿ͣ˽ŲˣȵɣԼڲӰѣϲͲȻȥԼٿ
õģֽҲϢҾˡ
ֽѾˣҲûʲôãߵøɾ䡣
޳˵ļȢ߷壬ص̨˱ȡ¿˼ߵƷȥ鿴һ¿棬ֿ沢Ǻܶ࣬ڽּ˼ʡ


194 Ѭ
һ߶˱һֿ߲⣬ȷҪˣͷɫѾ޳ҪŻؼң°˱һӣãžͿһ·ۻؼҡ
ʱѾȫҪǽֵС˼ҹŵ·
Ž˩ã̾ˮιˣ޳ԴʾлȻ첽ݡ
һûҶˣûţҪ˵
û룬һңͱƵǺÿ۾ΪŻˣϽ£ˮȿȣŻˣ
ڳջ޳Ľæ˳ﻹСϴʣµˮ
޳ûһ߿һָԼңҡȣ졭
һۿȥŵ̾ͷû£ѬأնˣеûŻ𡣡
Ѭӣ޳ΪԼˣʱӣ
ʵϣסôãûӶأ
ѽתˮԺĲ˵ӣѬһѬҲ֣ҺСѶûӽأôô磿
޳ػ˵ԼҲûӰҶһ϶⣬ҶԭǺҵȻٽȥɣûվͺáأ
ѽںԺȥָָԺķԼ̧ߣ޳ˣ͸ó׼
޳ߵԺҶϴ·
ġ޳ڡ
ҶͷҲ̧װͰͣ
޳;òﲻ벻ֻС̽ҵ̺ô˵Ѭӣ㱻Ӷ𣿡
Ҷĺߺߣɲǣϴһֻأ
޳죬ûϣͷʱΪûױҲûע⿴ӣϣ챻ɺΧˡ
Ҷ巻Щĵ٩һЩϹŰ·ڿʲôһ񣬾;
Ҫ续ѣ֪ԼҪǿۼǰζء
޳
ʲôǣ
޳ĪоΣգǲҪˣΪǺе㷢ĺʼûһɶʲô
Ҷ̧ͷƳһۣпգ
ûա޳顣
ûʲôеûţ
Ҷʮ㣬޳Ծס˸ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷıӰֺЦߺߣû뵽Ҳн죬ƽʱͦ˵
ôֻ֪ˣ
޳Ϊ극Ҷľ͸ûָˣûУֻҪ̺Ѳ߷Χڣ˾ĵضԼޱ֣žͯ}ûš
޳ܲˣ˽ҹţҶڴãԼӹ棺ģ졭ôˣֵֹġ
Ŷǰϱһֻӡˣû¡˵û£ǿһ㶼ûµӣʦĹ졣
޳ŵȶҪˣǸ㻹˵˵ɣǲòˣ˵Ҹġ
۲ˣСѺǰûʲô쳣ǶԼ´ΪԼǣʲô°
϶ûӵģԾǸʲô£鷳ʾɣ޳ﰧ
Ҷ²ۣʲôģĵõô
Լأ
Ҷķ߷ߣ޳ֵ̿ıһǲҪˣȥϴ裬Ȼ˵
޳ԥԥۣȥˡ
Ѹϴ·޳Ȳͽݣ˫ִ½ǣִٲģ˵ô
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޳ĥĥǰŲҪҪ
һϴ֮ǰĺպСţӺ¡
ٽЩҶЦº͡
޳ˣÿֲ
ˣɣ޳˫һգǰһ󲽣Ҷġ
Ҷļ˵һӣĪɢˣͬλϺݺݿһڲŷŹ
ˡҶĿ޳ʳ¯޺ɫ㡣
ԼˣҲ˵ζ
޳һ±ƵԼһڵĲӣ£֪ؿҶĵĲӣޱȱ
⣿Ϊ⣿
˺ô
㶼ңҶЦҶļ޳ӦˣίͰ͵˵
ǰ죬Ϊ֪ܹ
޳ԼҲͦԩġ
Ϊ㷢šҶҲˡ
񾭡޳ߡ
ðɺðɣ˵ˡǸݣѬҵİɣҶĻָ޳Ҳˣ˿ʼ
ɲǣС˵ӵʱһûӦءҪǽ续ңҶ֪ԼôһֻӡҶһ¸ո޳ϵӡӣ޺޵
ִӱ˲˵顣
ԺǲҪԵĵطºۼˣĵķӦˡ


195 龪һ
޳Ȼæ̾ôһ²ܣкܶҪһҲɹĶҪá
˵Ҫһѣ޳㲻ÿ飬ҪÿԷ˯̺ѶҪΪȥ
޳ѵЩʳ³һӲˣ͵ҶĻԷ˷㣬ˣʰɾˣǲ˻
̣Ļû𣿡޳ӳ̽ͷſڵ̡
̻عûءôôҳȥɡ
µС׹ǱСסûܻһпվſţϣӻһ۾ܿԼӵһγԶţԼı̲̾סģû뵽Լ˼ģǰҶĸˡ
޳𣬻һ£վҪߡ
޳ϽֹȥɣڼҿСѡ
޳ϾᣬȷʵԼ㣬ҲܣҲá
޳źһ¾ȥҸڣ˸ڲ֪续ҲûҸĸһ㶼ģֻСѾͷȥ˳¼
޳ô붼Ծ续пȥ¼ҶأܲҲȥ¼˰ɣ
޳ԽԽģֱȥѰˣòԶ
޳ų̿죬ûһ͵˽ſڣ˼͹ţӣûŽţŴһƬһ֪˲ܻڼӰࡣ
ĵطûˣ޳ֻȥ¼ң¼˱£ΪͻؼˣĸͳЧͦģ¾ųһҡ
޳뿪ֱӺǱĸסˣ𺰣Լҡ
޳һ£ڳĸĽ֮²֪ԭʧ٣ʧ±ҪأֲòĪġ򡱣ڴСĵҡ
ĸҲļˣ룬ס˳ЧЦЦȥұţ˶࣬һ㡣
ҷʮӶûȥء
ЧԼĸһۣ岻ãȥɣҸ޳һҲһ㡣
ĸһҲǣԼ壬߲˶þҪܲסˣֻõͷȥˣϽҡ
ǹңҪǱ֪ˣһЩ´˵ټϲ˵Ĳ¼ҥ̫
ĸ㲻ҵ飬ӿŲߡ
޳ΪЧʣЧֿߣһ˺üӶûˣﲻɽֲò۲졣
СѾͷû¡޳ȭͷ
Ҹĸ죬ʮӶгˣܿҵ޳˵ҵλˡ
޳˲ʣֱӽ˴·
ֳģԻֻСè䲢վҸĸǰ顣
ԱһĸһԵǵؿţƺҪ˵Щʲôһ֪οڵӣ¼ĸӵͬǵؿ续
ҶĿ޳ʱϵֻ޳һ۾Ͳٿˡ
ĸʲô޳ҶĺúõĵվĵûˣͬʱӿһգɴͲȥҶˡ
˵һΣ¹ؼС˵СèֱӾ͹ˣž˻ؼҡ
̫ɰˣûס续СֹΪԼ⣬һɵ
޳ͷôû뵽ҶĻãɫҲǺ˵ĵط̾˿ҵ˾ͺãȻȥɣˣȥ˵
ԶԶԣȻȥɡĸæͷ൱ջ续һٴܲˣǵøŮһӣɲ׼׼Һ׼Ů氤ᣬ̫ˡ
һ续ֽлȥָ¼ĸӵл
ĸæ֣ҪС̰пԭӦŵͷûϣ̧ž뿪ˡ
ĸûŹ续ֻ续׻û޹˼ĸҪѵӣҲǲ岻ֵģﲻæĸֻٴεǵؿ续
ϣҪѵ̫ҡ
˸Ͻǰ续ߣɷлȥˣ续ҪǸϣȻǵöత°ӡ
ˣ¼ĸӸ޳Ҷĸ֮Ҳ뿪ֳֻʣ޳Ҷˡ
޳û˵ͿҶĻСè䡣
ҶСԡԲ𡣡
ϲ޳ʡ
ֲҲܴǰ˻ĸСèһ޳ǵôûֱӷ
ϲҶͷ
ǾʹȥŰɡؼҰɣ˸ˡ
˽˴ȥôء
Ҷĵ۾һģĿ𣿡
ԡ޳ͷ
Ҷһģ͹˲ˣֻСè첽һֱһߵĸèһҶġ
޳뽫Сèӹһֻ֣СèͲͣҪҶĵĻ
ĸèҲһҪӣ޳Уƺھ档
޳һ٣˻


196 
޳һ֣СèͲˣֻĸèһӡ
ҶæҽСè䱧ãôǣողͦõ𣿡
޳ƿߣûػû
ȥԼչˡ޳˵
ոСèĸèķӦҲ֪ΪʲôǻķӦ޷ǾԼ֮ǰɱ˲ҰޣϵϢӰ쵽ǣ³ԼιĶҲˣ¶῿
Ҷͳڿèϲ֮УҲû룺Ȼˣȥ͸ϴԶСѿ϶Ҳϲܰá
ߵڵʱ򣬾Ҵ续ǺĽż˼ˡ
޳첻ѣû뵽ҾȻǹģʽΪ˵ӣʲô˵Ľ̵ֹ֧֡
û뵽Ȼ˵򣬶˵Ҫ˲òࡣ
޳ʶתͷȥҶĵı顣
ҶıҲͦ𾪣续ͦҵģһͷͶ޳Ŀ⿴һ
㡢ҲҪ򡢴𣿡Ҷˣո޳Ȼʲôû˵Ըо鲻̫á
޳һ飺Ҵʲô߰ɣ̸õˡ
˻ûſڣһһСȳӭˡ
һǣôôŻû°ɣ
ڵͻˣţֻǵʱɫ̫ûڣڵž͹ˣžʹ续͹ǺҲûˡ
续СﶼˣǲСŶ
СѱСһԸͣѽ޳㣬Ľ㣬ԺǲҪ̫Ŷ̻ᵣĵġ
˵һ£Сһ䣺Ҳᵣĵġ
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޳ֿıޱȣЦСѵͷԺ󲻻ˣû£Ƚݰɣǵˡ
СѴŻǱŵˣһеɬӣߵҶߣҪ֣ڿ˫ֶڱСè䣬ǸΪס½ǡ
СĿСèϣȻ󿴿ĸںĸèһת˷㣬ҪСè𣿡
ǰڱ˼Ұæϴ·ɨʱл˼èˣΧת׵ģָпɺãʱèèˣûǮû
λèĻԼǲǿ㒵ëѽ
СѵĿСèϣ˿
ɣĽ㿴è߲͸ÿˡ޳ǰ˵
Ҷһ죺˵Ųޣ
޳ߺߣûӻ
˾ôʱڲɱĻ޳ֻýһ飬Ȼһ۵Ҷȥϴ裬Լҵˮֻèϴɾ
ѵ÷ʢȻ¼ȵ˵ζСѻǳԵ͹⣬һ߳һ̾޳պãȻҶ˵һٷ޳ԼŪ˶á
ҶĬĬţͷ̧
֪޳Сèٿɰ续ȥСèˡ
޳ЩЦãһӲˣúóԷû
СŷӦԼĻĽˣǱ죬ҿ
̴֪˹ϵͬѰͷβ˸ոտʼȻĬĬԷ֮΢ջδ
Ҷĵֺõس޳ЦЦŻָԼϲļ˷
óԡҶı߳Աޣֺá
޳ƽƽǾͶԵ㡣
ֻèǰϴɾ̨ߺëӵУʱʱһ˵Ŀȡ
ҶĴҪιʳ޳ûڣҲûҶոѾˣڻǽЩΪãҪҪִ˯ˡ
СССèĿģķģûס¶һ⣬ȻֻèǱȥˡ
޳ȻûʲôҪأһ߳ԷһιΪе㲻ͬ
ֻڷҲֱ˵ڣû˼Էʲôû˵ֻû
꣬ҶĺСѸֻèŪԵģ޳ͳûһ䣺ԺԷǰ͸Ū÷ǳԷʱǾͲӵתˡ
ҶĺСû룬˫˫ͷ仰
СһСŮ϶èݡ
޳ʰø￴һ˱ֵ˺һûȵ˻˯߳СèҶóӽոմõèѣҶĵȥϴ֣Ȼݡ
СҲˣĬĬںȥϴ֣̿һһС޳εò˵ϵϹŴЦ⣬һûһµظĸèıתͷԺſڡ
ðҪСҲھͺˣָ֡


197 ϯ
续жݴųû֪ڶգ޳ŵʱСûƵĸк޳ССһҵģҲûעˡ
续ĻڵΪõĻʮļڣڻǰͻŸĸٳ֣һδ죬¼ҵҲ˲٣һæ
޳Ҷĳ˰ɹ֮⣬ûʲôҪæģҲпյʱŻȥ续졣
ֵһǣЧڻ֮ǰɫ˸õķӣֱӽԼԭȵ׳ָ޳ӣ·֮дࡣ
ЧʣµȥµļҾߣһЩ򵥵װޣԭΪŮҪԼӼõҷ㰲ġ
ǿ׳ûϵøĸӶŮϺͿˡ
׵ա
һֵ续ϼ֮ѵõذ࣬˸Լױ
֮ǰĸŮЩ强Ҫ˵޳Ҷʶزȥš
ýʱڰҶν֣续ųš
ҵϯϰڣ¼ʱʼ޳Ҷȥ续棬˵˼伪黰߾Ѿϯˡ
߰ɣϯȥ޳ǣҶĳȥ
ѵλȻǲһģĸڣ޳Ҷıæдûˣ˵ԼųԾˡ
ûڣӱ߾ͺһˡ
޳̧һƣ٣ʶģƼҵǰﻤԺԼǶӳ
޳ȥʱҲÿ˹
ѵãֹþò˵ⶼسȥˣǸˬʵӣǴɤţһܱߵ߶޳ϡ
޳̹ȻһЦ˿壺ˣˡɺã
Ҳ춼һĹûʲô⣬ʤڰȡСûʲôˣԺĹҲżҳԶʲôģѲ߷ҲһЩС͵Сѣɵúܡ
һڲ裬̾ϢϧˣȻҪȥֵҪȻǵðСӹɡ
޳һתվ续ߣɲ˹డ续ҪųأſɾͲˡ
һԴҲԹˣҪ´һᣬǲ֪֮ǰҼµʱһҶݣ죬ҿɾͲˡ
߶߶ͣͬƼһԺ޳ȴô죬ֻСţһʱϯֻĴɤզզģż޳ֱҵǽ˶һЩ
룡Сز¶ƷôӲһ͵ûǮɣһСûס̾
ѽƽǰ㿴ϴγԵôʢϯǶСŮ
û뵽ƽﲻôǮǿڿҿصֵҲڽõΪͥһء
һϯ˾Ѿǲˣңֱ˾Ÿˣֻһˣ˻ǷŹͷģôֱʣ϶Ҳһ㡣
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֮̾࣬Щҭ
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һֻ޳ҶһЩнԷĶ˹˲١
޳εҲнˣһȥСʱ򣬴ʲôûճͺãˡ
ŷ
㣬ֹ˵ǡ
ԶԶԣʲôֹûŤŤģ˼СﶼûŤ󣬸Ͻԣ껹ҪϹءڳţŵòС
ЩûٽӼСӣл޶ûԵǲÿ˰
һȺүǣ޳˻Ҳнˣ׷׷ſ˳ԡ
ը顢ͷ±ѼȵȣЩҲûйȥܳԵģûһϵĲ˾ۿɼһ롣
ûٳ޳ҲϯζˣԼ˼ζģ͸Ҷļ˷ԼҲͳˡ
ƼһԺϹžͿһЩܿϾֻʣ޳Ҷģûʲô飬̵سš
óԡ޳Ҷļһ±Ѽ⣬Ѽⱻζڼ޳Լһ飬ȲؼиҶġ
ҶĿԼǰ˸˵С룬ΣԼУˣôҳԲġ
û޳Ǹʳ
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198 
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续ŵʱ򣬼ʱһЧʹŴɫ׼ʱԺǰϵЦݾͲֵˡ
һʮ̾ͳԺԺſһ·ŵ续ſڣ̣˵ЧڳڶΪһѺ
ÿ£˵ЧܹܲЩؿѽҶվ续Ĵ⿴Ҳˣһ޳䡣
϶ܣʱѡ޳㲻ġ
ܲϸոտϯΪ׼үûӵĹؿͲŮˡ
续Ҳչһ֡
Ҳ֪׼ʲô⣬ϣҪ̫ˡ
˸ںߣʳָһĶͷЦѾͷûž֪ˡܽѿɣ
ѽ~ЦңҾͲ׵ʱһ㶼š续˵
У˵㡣
˿Ůĵʱÿ죬оջѧСѾͷҪˡ
ڵСѾͷ޳ȥҪðܡ
һǱ߳ЧѾһشߵһ롣
ҲûΪˣʵȫǹ续ģʹһЩϸڵĵ£ֻҪЧģܴ
ԳЧߵõҲ˳ܿߵ˷ſڡ
˸æ续ȥǸͷˣȻųЧһĸͷ米㵽ԺſڣǳЧ㵽¼ңǧմأ𣿡
˲ĵһ续ѽŮ۳ЧȻ·Լ߹ȥ˵ԺҪеڽǣŮɾͳԼ޵ˣǶί
Ҽס续ٴ֣Ҳʼеѹˣ᲻õ͸硣
ˣǾͳȥɣСĽµ·
˲ССǰߣûµ·ˤˡ
δţЧܺ续֫Ӵֻÿ续˲
ǳЧܶ续żµӣǿ续ŸͷԼ໹̲ס
Чıһֱ֮ܲǰǸոջشʱǰûУҲΪѣڳЧ续˫˫Լͷ˿ͷֻ֮˵ԺҪúù֮ĻôӽŮȥˡ
Ҹĸܸȥ޳Ҷľ͵ͬ񣬸Źȥ
彫续ŵЧıϵʱ򣬹ֵ˶ⵣĳЧܲܽӱҡ
⵱¾ͳĵ£ڳЧ󣬾ôһˡ
ЧҲ֪ЩЩ뿴Цģߺߣ뿴ҳЧЦ±Ӷܡ
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޳ڳЧ󣬿ųЧŲȵӣ¶ЩģΪԼӽԼã续ûˡ
˳¼ſڣ޳һɨȥ֮ǰĳ¼˶ſӭӣȻ续ǱȽӵģЧ˹ææдֵ·
Ч续һֱõİǰŽ˷žǰءݸá޶԰ݣ޳һԿŶȡ
ҪҶҲܰݾͺˡ
ޡ԰ݡϲ˵޳̲סͷȥҶġ
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ܰݾͲܰݰɣֻҪԼ߾ͺã޳롣
˵Ӻܿ챻Ǳߵġ붴˳æϲһ续·
ЧΪɣҪӴǰıͣ޷չ˵续Ҳ޳ҶҪ续ߵԭ
Ÿոշ续ڴ£ſھ˹ˣɩɩҲĸҸЩԵĹȳЩӡ
һʮСѾͷ˵žͶһ̽ϵĶźãȻȥ
޳Ͽһۣǳ˳顣
Чͳĸ˽续
ӣһԼһصĺӣһֻĿС뻹˽ˮպϣ续Եģֱǰ续׵ġ
Ȼû˵续ǱӣСƵģ㰡ͿԲԣ޳㣬Ҫԡ
޳ҶĶһۣ̲סЦˡ
ȻǸֳСݵģʡò䵽·ϡ
ЧûƸͷ续Ҳ˽ˣҪԶֻͷԡ
续ûֱſУ޳Ҷһ˸һ续ֳС飬ȻŵһС˸
续ӵСȲسˣһ߳Իһ߸̾óԣ϶ǰζ¥ģֻǼζ


199 
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ҶЩĽתһ룬޳ԼҲͦģؼ˶Լݼڣʱ־ûʲôĽˡ
ûʲôֶϰߣͷɢϯݺѹ˵ЩףĻˣ޳Ҷ棬ų¼˵潫ط֮ǰ׼Լһѡ˳
Ч续»֣Һ޳Ϊѡ»ףǰúϣͷϡҶĽееݵЧ续ǰ
Ч续û뵽ǻᵥ׼л
ﻹһ޳һľǰ
¼˿ȥ޳ŵľԱ֮ǰҶĵǸö࣬ҲƯö࣬۲һ֪Ʒ
ô׼ݣҲ̫Ʒˣʹʹãһݾ͹ˡĸ֣һͺܹĶֻôصĶýӰ
޳ŲæźӷŵЧ续УԳĸ˵ĸżʹõġ
ŶԳЧ续˵Ҳĸ׼ģҸĸףءȻûǲĸǺܺã֪续ǵѣҲǺ֮ܶ󣬲ĸ׼ݺϣǻܹҸȻǳףǿɾͲܾܾˣҲþò˼
޳ô˵ˣЧ续Ҳֻý
ǾͶлزĸˣΪתһǺϲЧźӣ΢΢ʾл⡣
续ҲһԣһжллͲĸǻúġ
û뵽޳Ĳĸôģûأ׼ģһݣĻм
ǵҲأȻҲ֪ĸװʲôǿþŰɡ޳ûסЦ˵
طǸʵɣӦЩòϵĶ
续ͷãõõģǿ϶õġ
ɣ޳ҶҲͲˣڳ¼ҳԹ¼˸֮ͺҶһ˳¼ҵš
续ƯҶĽ
ȻѾ续ױݣǳЧҿͷһ̣ǾúþޣЧʱҲǿˡ
ȷʵ޳ͷҲҶһ񣬲˵ж֣һ١
ոճЧ续ҸͷʱҶ۾Ľûпֻ»ôӳ顣
󣬴ָæµ
СĹ֮½죬ȥæҲԻ޳ϵ¸װ֮ҲڵЩУʼԼ
ϡ
ҶıµĽгʱе£֪Լúúõĳʲô⣬ֱµ˵ĸؼҵ£˾ڵſڣҶֱɵˡ
ûԥʱ䣬ֱӽ˸˳ȥͬʱﻹ̾ѣǰؼң̳ļңû뵽ƽﲻСͷô
ҶһžͲ㱻һ˹Ļ˸˸ԴӸ޳һ֮ÿ޳ʱиһͶ˹ȥ
λˣءҶüͷ壬Īӿһɷꡣ
ӡУ˼ҵķӦ˺طģڼΣٶģġ
ǰˣһ仰û˵в
˸գòվӣعͷ˵ҶصĻʱˡ
ӡ˲ᣬؿҶģĲġ
뻪һͬģһӺһרź򻪷˵Ů˼ᣬͬʱصҶġ
Ů첽ߵοˣ̫żˣŵСˣȽС˵˵СͲܿˡ
ȴûŮôֱ⵽Ҷĸǰһֵ̬ʲô̬ȣҸڣƯ޸ôһûС
Ҷԣһʱ䶼֪ʲôӦźá
ҶĳĬһ£ûסһ䣺Щ²ǳԶӸˣֱвǲҩɾȵ֣
̲꣬סôԣûǲǵû̺ô
ҶҲǲڴˣֱӿˣǣλнģǴҳģȴ֪ҪϰҪ˻Լʱصټ档
ڱϹĵطϹʱˣΪԼ˽£㶼ǱǲǷ㣻кûҽܣֱˣһҲˣǼҵĽȷʵãеĽֶҪ硣


200 
Ҷ˵ǰ㲻ǹеĽ֣곤֮űų޵ģʱ򻹵˲ʹͣɼѧüõġ
Ҫ˵ĺû¹Ҳûнˡ
İ˳ϾͦעĿΧ۵Ҳ𽥶ӱҶ˵һ죬Ծֲòӣǳһ
ѵ˵òԵĵطҺĸǧȥ˼УһʱûסҲпԭ˵ǲ㸸ĸֻͨҲӦ˵Сô˵ģ
ҶЦĸӵĸĸͳҳ˺üˣǣ֪ĸĳġŮ׵ģûһҲʮû
˵ףҪծƵġСûûȫӤõֽ󣬳ҲֻһҲǣҲǸҲҪǰӡ
ҶĺԼǱ·ߵģʲôĸǣҲϡ
ǹӣôҪи飬ˣҲϵڣһ߸ϵʩһ㣿
һҸŮﵽʲôɸ˵Ŀģһû˫׵ã֪Ů֮ǰ˶˸ãû飬ֲɵֲȱ˰νˡͺ޲ȥ
װװֲûĸˣҲĸͳ¼Ҳĸ续ͳЧؼҲĸط壬ĸǰԷһ
Ҷ˵ⷬʱΧ˶ʱ˽
˵йûп˼ҴĺþȥҲ˵ɵǮ׻ȥģǶԻ򸾵ıӡ
ںҪĸʱѺӸˣںӳֱӼֳˣȥû츣ͽ˸޳ȥ׵һʲǮƣ۱ȷ䳲ࡣ
Щ˭Ҳûܻ䣬ÿһÿһ䶼뻪򸾶У㽫˸ͣᡣ
㡭ָҶģˡֲѿڶתһȦ˻ȥȡߡ
С̫ӲĲС
İԷ
ܽеҸ𣿡ҶĲͷشӵĻ
Ŀ޳רƺʲôèܽеģ
ӡ˹˲ϿˣߵҶĸǰƺҪҶĵ֣·뵽ʲô˻ȥӣոżˡҸýĵط˵˵òã
ҶľûʲôɽģãｲͦãҶ֤ȥһܻܲ˵ء
ԼһˣȥˣģֱӰİˣ˭ȥ
̫Σգȥ
ȻǾɿͷ񻹲СӣҪһξͰҲ̫ܣҶֻӸǾ
Ȼû뵽ҶĻô˵һ£Ȼתͷȥӡ
ӡУҶҪӵˣһ㲻̫⽫Լ˽ڴ֮ͥ˵⺢ôһ˼ɶûС
ûųĸ֣ûʼͿſھˣɻ󣺡óˣ
֪ѽȥĸҡҡͷҲ㲻״
ȥųĸֱӾ͹ȥˣκ̫࣬ȥҲ
ֻųԹȺզˣô˾
תͷ㣬׵ģǴ˼ҵŮˣףûСűˣء
ҡͷȻ׵˼ȿۣҪ˵׻ǲϵĺãСн׬ǮԼҲȱǮûһ죬ûǵǽ̲ļֳɻ˼˵߯Ҫ
Ҫ˵洫Ҷĵһ£æȥãҼҹŮأ鷳ð
Էһ·֮ȼգһˡ
ҶĻ䣬Ϳ˺ͳĸ죺ĸôˣ
˺ͳĸߵҶվ
˴һ»򸾺ǸСŮĵҲˣȻŻͷشҶĵ⣺ţû뵽߳ˡ
ҶЦ֣û£ЩĪѣܴܿá
֣ҡͷûô׵ģ»еľ
Ҷû£֪ƣȴһ۾Ƴģ¶ûôˡ
˸Ҷ˵ֽ꣬һֱںйȥ޳̻Ҫ졣
áȭ뿪ֳ
򸾼״һոչĸ˲̫öԸȻʲôʤ׿Ȼһ֪ͨ帾æԼı飬ͼԼı鿴ºЩ


201 
֪λǣ
ӻЦǰѯʣ֮ǰİ̬ȻͬгԹȺѿһ
̫װ˰ɣԹȺһ
һ˾Ͱͽˣ²˵Ĺţۣ֪ǮĴ
ʶ˳ʶˣԭ˿ôαԹС̾
ЩɤŶͣ˶һûסЦЩ˿˵붼˵ˡ
ĵĲĸǳ˱ã֪λγƺ˶Цʡ
˭ѽ
̳ļҵˣҽ࣬λҷˣֱӽǡһӡ
̳ļң
˵࡭
ϰ塢ķ񡣡˳˼񣬻û˷Ӧֽʣˡðǵϵϵļҵ˵ǡҹªˡ
ⷬߣɫŤһ£ѹеգɫΣǡϵ
ŶǾǴļµġҲ֪Եĸߵϵˣ˵̳ļҺôǸĴ壬ôû
˿ǵϵǾͺð죬ҪȻ̳ļȻҲﲻæ ޳ֻ׵ķˡ
ʵڲ˼˵ˣո˵׵ģ⺢˳ͻɣһʱҲ˵壬Ҹط̸һ£ô˼⣬֪ϰΣ
ʱ䣬顣
౻˿˰Цֱֲˣ֮ˣӦˡ

޳ͷ˺üŽѡõļӺͻȥׯתͷոջصͱĻˣֱԼĶ䡣
ĵĸĸˣ߲ƣ
ĲӤĺ
ĵĸĸţֺαؽһӤӽӤã
޳ʸЩϧҲֻһͱɹˣҲû˵һ
޳нҲ˲ϱˣֱӽϰӦںͺӼӱϸϡ
ǽϣ޳ϵʱҲѾˡ
޳еӸӼԼ첽ݡ
ģһˡ޳һžֱӺ˲ڼҡ
ҶĽߴӻŲϲˣ
ΪҪŵء
޳˼廨һ·˶˵֮Ҿֱӻˣôˣ㸸ĸһˣ
޳ˮûüȣ˵ҶĶ棬ԾԼĶ뿪
Ҳ֪ǲҸĸ֪˶ˣҵʵҲ޴ӵ֪Ǹҵĸо֣ǣҲϡĸͳ²ĸҰǸסˣ˵̸
ʱǶԷ򸾾һֱ˵ʱżҪڣ˵һļκãλķ˵ĿҲһֱԼϣܴȰǸо˵ʲô
ǾͲż˵ʲôͷȸ˵˵޳Ҳ֪ˣȴ㡣
˵̳ļҡҶĽϸϸ˵һ飬ûŹκһϸڡ
ϵ޳ӷ֣˼
ϵϵϵõĻ¾ͺð죻ҪǸϵϵãǵϵ֣Ҳð죬ļҵͬһ·ɫĿǰԼһС˵ʵʿңʲôˡ
ȿɣҪǲϣϾǡ޳˵Ҷĵļ򣬡ɣҽȥ̽һ£ס
ջĸȥ̽˵סֺţŷ
ҶҲû뵽˰ô죬ûע⵽ʲôʱȥ̽ģһӲ¥ûע⵽ʲôŸոյңǱ߾ҵӹ˵Ϣ
޳ͷȥˡ
ôӦڴԺſڵʯվӼһߣҲС
û¡ջŷӦȥ̽һ¿ʲôӦûҵڣעЩˡ޳š
ãȥİɣǺȹƵֵܣϴӦ̧žߣĪЩ˷ܡ
޳ƸǸôôãܸɻرְˣнŶеˣòˣɲúúøɡ
Ӽ򿴼Ӧ뿪ԼĺףأҸøɶ
޳һۣ룬˵ȥԵ㶫ɣȻú˯һҪǴдôˡ
Ӽһף˺ܶˣ㶼򲻹
ֽ㲻ܴͦôżʱͰӦһϲǿƽ֣Է˶ѽѲɶǸ֣
޳
Ҫܷһ㷢һŮ
ҪԼܻʲô
޳ûסСһţϽȥԷ˯ҪСҿ㹤Ǯ


202 ҹ̽
ӼŶ㿪޳ĽţõĽ㣬ͻȥԷ˯˭ҶǶҺӼȭͷӲӲ
Ͻ߰ɣС㣡޳ƴڻתͰԺŸˡ
Ӽӣơ
ջ
ӦԾݶʱ򣬲ϿſŸˣںһ磬һ֪ҵˣȥ
磬ʲô
䲻ļŵòֱӽӦڸˣҪǼŲܾˣˣҹģ
˲֪ô
תͷˡ
Ӧû취ֻҲſԼ
ŷ
ķڷнȥͷһƬŲһ֪ǲԸô죿
Ҳһ˺ð죬ѰλˣҲ֪ʲôͷҪû֣¾ͳˡ
ڲ¥ô˵λ˾ǲΪҶǸŮһװ˵ͷꡣ
Ȼûߵľûأ
ʲôͷܲܲǵļ°ɣѾͷ˵˶ô˸ʲôϵ岻֡ķ£˶˵
ѾڣŮԸȥ
ͷ˼һ£÷˵ĻҲеλ˲ͬΣֻҪĶԸǻȥ˭Ҳסһžۡ
Ǿղ˭ǾֻĶ˵ͳɣʵڲУֱӰȥһӣȻԼòᡣ
˵£ķ˳ĬڰӦھǲټʱֿ˿ڡ
Ҳ֪Ǳôˣϣܸϵüҵǧ¡
ķ뵽ԼСŮ̲סģãҵ˴Ů
еĲ豭žડһ¸ϣԷ̣ߣڵǸûõŮõĵθҽĺŮеأ￴ɫɷǶҲͶˣҪӻȥţ붼ģ
ʲôĺŮѵһ˵Ůķ˼Ӻõʱ˵㣬ںˣû̺ˣ̺ӵʱô߶
ҭһ£ˣӱı֣㻹ˣҪǱְַ̺ãѵн죿㿴¼ңңļҵ˲Ǯ̳ǣļҷ˲Ů̵úúõģۣ
ĵһɷǣڶδУ·ݴû̥ʵס˲˵ʵ飬뵽ŻòС
ҪǡҪʱˣûӣڰһǮǧ㽿ţΪ˽ܻһź£Ϊɽ
ķ˺ͬʮ꣬Ҫʲôƨ֪¿ı²ʲô
ķʶٷ䣬ˣĬĬ죬ֻӿ಻ԡ
еĳ¼Һңĸ̳ŵŵģ˼ҷ˱ļҲЩ̵ң޶ʮ׬Ķܱ࣬ȵ
Ҫе㱾£̸ؼҵʱһЩԹֲ߿࣬岻ʱسȥЩ·ºСŮĽ
ԼļеϵΪԼļҵˣɶ˼үһݽųŮ˻ȡĳ롭
ķţûסĬĬ
ûػֻԼռԼһ۵
ӦſݶǷĶԻֱ̾Ϊֹ
ԭǮ˼ҷദİԼֲʶһĵأ
Լʹû뷨˼ңôţƵģҲͱ濴Źʡ
ԣţ໹ֵأֻˣţ඼Ȳϣ
һ߶߶ҲķûԼ˵ˬˣδͣ
ֱҹ˯Ǳ߻һţӦںǸӲŴݶ뿪
ҶĲ֪޳İţ˴޳ı֮кܿ˳˯飬Ѿĵ̫ྫ
޳ںڰĵصŰӦڵϢȵſڴض޳СؽԼֱ۴ҶĲ³Ьš
Σ
޳ðӦڽʣһԼľûʲôֱ֪ۡ
߲ơӦڿĶĻ㱨סˣֵ޳ֱôˣǰʱˣ
޳Ķһ٣Ĭ룬̫˺ǰӰൽҹҪֹԵĵǿŰӦڵǵû˵ѣֻʵ˵ˡ
ǣ˯ʱ˾ˡ
Ӧڣ
ɻ˵ĴžԼɣģ
޳Ӧһ޿ЦĬĬ˻Ƕ˵ʲô


203 
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ǵҶĵĸܣ޳ûаҹ̽ϢҶģǾֳٹ۲һ£ԼʹҶĵĸҲ취ˡ
޳ԣûע⵽ӵĴȻϡ
ļҷȻż˫Լʱٴν̸ļҷ򸾻Ǻ͵˲¥ˡ
޳ҶĽŵʱ򣬷
һε¥̸ֻ޳ҶĺͺӼļҷһõζԸ˵Ļڿ޳һ̣ȫ׷ˡ
򸾻һǸ̸ͺã̫Ѳˣ⼸˶ᣬӦúúһ
ϰķˣá޳˳̸ʱһףЦö˷ҽ޳ڵļˣ˵ĸĸҪϻȥԼڽ̸ұˣðţλ¡
ϰ屻޳Ļ˵һ㶣ܿͷӦ˹Цŵûû£̸ʲôµģһˣ
ϰЦеģ̬ȼõ޳һ¡
¾ĶЩĽˣ̸ˣŸ˵ĶмΪҪ
ոλһףⳡϼΪָǸˣˣǾͺð죬ˣɲô
ý¶ˣϵЦֲ˼֡
ӼĬĬҶһվ˫֣ͦΣǽ򸾿һ¡
޳Ŀյٴһ򸾣Ŀ˵˫ͣһ˲´󰲡
ϰ壬ķˣܼ򵥣һ仰ףǲϡ޳һڲ裬ֱӿżɽ
Ҷ̧ͷһۣû
ϰϵЦһ٣ΪǴ۶ô˵ֻҪߵļ۸ˣǵֹ⻰˵ҲżЩĶǵŮҲ˵ϱԲϵġ
ңĶǻȥļҵĴСˣݵλڻҪϲ٣ޣҲܼ޵˼ҲǣһСϣѵΪ˼޸һ
˵ļˣļҲ㣬ʱһͬ£ǽһļҵС㣬ÿ¶ãʲôֻúóԺȾС
ţܵΪԼĽǲǣ
ϰ岻ŲæҶڻδޣŮҪˣ˭ԼķǮأ
û˵£϶û
޳
޳Ļһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
һԱʵģȱǵ
˵ܵļСɲõһĳˣ˭ϡţ
޳پˣЩʵģΪԼĽǲŲϵģϾҲĸ
£ļȫ㵵ؿˡ
⡭ôܡķĲţãÿһָѽңģûʱ֡
ֹﲻúôҪʲôЦɲЦҲ
ǰҶǵŮʲô˼
ԣҲǣǱߡȲˡ
ǻشһΣ޳ָӡ
˵вǿ޳һڵӣҲñֵ̫ꡣ
ǿɷĴӶʧҵĹ̽һ£޳ʡ
ҶĳԸĶͣҪ
һ˲ʶȥķˡ
޳ûǻᣬŲ豭ţġ
ɣֿϰҳȥķڰĽȻڿ˵ŮǶӦʮϤҿҲͦϣȥӣڶʧѰ̵УǶһǳľһǵһЩϸڡ
ķؿ޳
ÿ¡
ȼ仰ֱ˵˵ͻ¶ţ˵Ǿ飬ġ
ǵ˼Ͳزס
಻ɵ֪ԼҪǰ޳˵ȥ¾Ѱˣµ˫ֽճȭתͷҶġ
Ķѵһ㶼ȥҳЩûҵܿˣǣҵˣǻúòģ㲻Ҫ˲ԣš
ҶĽһһ֣ȷʵ˰ո޳˵ǲǼǸ̸ġ
ҶĶ޳޳⣬˱Լ࣬϶֪ʲô˺ãʲô˱ġ
һȭ޻ϣǶµòУɫݵؿ޳
ȻĲԣǾӲĺˡ
ĶļҵŮ㲻ͬ⣬ҽȥҲûסˣ
໰һ䣬ͷʹСӡ
޳ĿһɨûסһüļҲô


204 ȫ
С˳ӴôͿ޳ԼվҶĺӼ򣬶ʱˢˢסˡ
زŶò׽Ӹ죬զؾײԼϣ
ӼҲǣһ±ƣ׼ɼܵȭͷɿ
ʲôǣ
ðλȵôҪǮŶ޳ϵЦôﲻסɴҲˣָλļСӵ衣
ͷСæ֣òãֽæֵܼߴˣߣߡ
ЦϴϴЩСආܵô
ⲻֵ͵һˣԣҲܣոڸڣߵĶǿɶһֱֽ̫ˣǸϰû˵ͼˣֱֽѷɫòС
ֽ㲻ϴϴ䣡
¶ȥԸֵǴϼأ
Сسȥˣһûϰķˡ
ڳĳ޳ǰ־ķչŪˡ
޳Ҳǣתȥ࣬Ūϰ廹ʲô;ʹɣҿ۽硣
Ϊ˻ļǱߴģԼӦ˺Ӽȴû뵽ǳԷӪһȻֱˣôһ
޳Լһǰˡ
ʱ֪޳û취ˡ
ĳģΪ˱˶ĿûˣƧģָ٣Ǯܽ˰¶ǰȥ˸ˣû뵽޳ôһӦܡ
Ǿòģö
ֹ⻰˵ģĶǵĺӣֻȥˣֹα㡣˵ǻĳֹôضᣬûûصģļңҪϼҷġ
޳ǿΪЦԷǣ˹طеĲȻԼ䡣
ʲôģòϰˣûʲôϵҲܲšҲ򲻹ңο߻˴֣ҪȫȫβȥǾͲҪٴĵ⡣˵ǵŮǣҲȥĳ롣
Ҷؿ޳޳ܶ״̬ƣġġίġĵġġġ
ܶܶ࣬Ψûģ˵ʲôоǹ⿴ţ;ǰˣĺ˰
Ҷİַؿڣͼұĵڸס޳Ķ˽
û뵽޳˵ͷвĻֱ˵ڣָ޳Ҫƿڴ
Ӽʳֱָָ޳һ粽ǰָĿҲôû㲻Ҫָ˵𣿷ЩͰ
ӼǼѪˣʱ˵ģ౻·һ̾ҪԼֿӣŵûһಡһ°˻Ŵ˵
ķ˼󣬼ʹк£⿪ڣֹڿ˵Ķǵĺӣʲôݣܲܿտڰ׻һŮɣ
Ƿ򸾶ǵƤŴ˵ǲһ˫Ƥĺӡ
˵ķ˽Žɡ
ߣһɺԣҳôû˵໺ˣһ˦ķ£Ȼ˵֮Աǡ
㲻Ҳû취ϾҲÿ˶֪ļӦҲ˽⵽Ŵֶ޳Ͳָܽܡ
˵Ǵû˵ķ˵
Ҫ׵ģ˵ǵĺˣȻǴߣô򵥵Ļ˷鲼ȫء
޳ߺߣ֪һ׵ķѪףһͲףҲżƵúܣҼһˡ
Ȼ޳Ļһ䣬һϣѪףֻڴķһ
УΪ˷ֹǻֽţҪϵĶԼ׼ɣˣ׵Ķ׼ݡ
޳˫һ̯һгӣ˵תͷӼ˵Ӽȥ¥뼸ǰæװ
򸾶һۣؽȥ׼ˡ
ʱ䲻ãеĶ׼ˣӼļҲվһߺؿǡ
Լϴһ£һѪУȻҶģɡ
Ҷĵǵؿ޳ԼѪĸһ𣬵ʱͲòˡ
޳һļ򣬰ȥɣҡ
Ҷİˣǰȡڵһ£˲Լ


205 
򸾽ضѪ
˵ǰæֲ֪ҪʲôæļҲض
Ѫˮ˵ĶŵҴһգ©ʲô
˵ĽĿ֮£Ѫֱ
ܣܽȥаš
ϧԸΥһΧߵãѪʼûһ
Ҷĺݺݵһ
Ǹģķ˱ܿʲôණһʹģķ̱ϡ
ԭĲǡ
ڳͷĺģԲҲŮ
໹ǲģŵغⲻܣĶǵĺӣһʲôֽţ
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206 
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207 
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208 Ե
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209 
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210 ý
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طƤºѸĺðɡ
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ؼҼҴҵ󣬹϶Ҳ٣ʱʱпյǹȥ档
ҲԡҶĵͷµĸļڳǾȸĸдţȻٳòĸڳʱһ·ȥȵǱߣĸӦþܰźˡ
鵹ǲ޳Ҳ͵ͷͬУǾôŰɡ
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棬Ҳֻȵƹôһ㣬ϵִһ㣬¹Ҳܿġ
ҶЦɿ޳ӵֱۣţԼߵλãҪһ¹
оܾĵ޳ֱЬ齣Ҷİ§ţɫ
Ҳ
ɵӲŲ
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޳˵ûʲôȻⲻ̽һ¿ڷ硣
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޳ʱһµĽڣԼдļҾԼһЩװεĵ˹
Щ㿴Ҫʲôģ
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һ߲һ߻ʵ޳Ц
ԣԣʲôС޳Цϲʲô
ҶľͿأܲЦҲû˵ɶｫƷֵĻһ飬ֽʶЩģԼʶĲľ·ߵҰˡ
ĻǮҶľԼǲҪôݳޣֵܿľˡ
ֵÿľͳɣֲģһͱˮˣһ̫Ȼˣ鷳
ļıһʱоɡҪִصҴ˵ݲˡ
޳һתÿ￴ĴƬƬɫҸϲ˻
޳ֻǿЦû뵽Ҷȴ˼ΪصͷҲУлҲ
޳Цãƭģʲĸׯ԰ӦпֲĲ󲻽ĻݣָӹԼҲС
Ҳɡ
أôã޳ʡ
Ҷ̧ͷ𣿡
ӣʱļӵģԼסһ䣬һ鷿ʣµ䵱ͷ˵Ͳĸ
Ӱҵúú롣Ҷľһ±ʼתԼԴϡ
Щ֮ǰҲûء


217 ݼ
ļӵķӣҶĥ
޳ӣӦһԺӣǰԺģеĳԡңȻԺ֣ҷӵλÿ϶ƫ
ôӦҪǮɣ
ǻ᲻ܹѽҪǳ棿ڵ뻹ҪܶѽҶʡ
޳üҵĲô뵽Щطˣ
ǲǵһһ򷿣ȻٿôŪסֺÿ
ðɣҲе޳͵͵Цŵͷû˵ԼʵѾˣɣܹ󲻹Ҳ׼ѽ԰ɡ쿴Щûϲġ
޳еֽš
ҶĽӹһһҲû˵Ҫĸ޳С
ûϵģ޳˵һۡ
ûǿùԼѡɣߣѡһġ
ҶҡҡͷЩ⿴־֪ƷףСϰղôݻ
޳̾ǻڼּҵĹõĶ󲿷ֶҪúܾõģƽ̯ʵҲԡ㲻ÿǮ⡣
޳˵ĻҶҲͲˣ޳ֻὲ󻰵ˣȻҳŵ˵õ
˵
š
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Ҷĵ˼ά˿߶߶Լеķӡ
޳ţؼţżһ 
Ҷ˵ˣͣ˵ˣ޳ŽеֽһӵϣȻĶϲǵӾͲ߱οֵˣ
˴㣬ڶһҶľڽſڵŹµϹ
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ֻǣϣǸϢɣҪȻϵģͦġ
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ãллµġҶе㱻ϵЦݾԼǹô˵ô
µİڰ֣˵ʲôллģú˵ͷõƷʱǵɾ͵մĹˡ
¿ͷɵ̬Ҷķ˲٣ҲſЦҪ岻ǲҪˣ
СӣָյĶͷǸҸҿЦˡˣϹʱ쵽ˣ¾ô˵ˣȻȥɣʡ˿ֵú˵˵
ҶҲ֪Щ˵жҲͲ˵ˣҾˣز
µüЦ˵˵ÿҪˣ˰
ϹʱҲҪˣµ˵꣬ȥˡ
ҶĿȥֱӰʧڹսǣת뿪
м˼ȥʱ޳ʰ
ȳԵ㶫ɣżҶĽӷϣ޳
ˣȳԡ޳е·
վԼķſڲؿǡ
ò޳оЩҪˣɾʣһ̫źһСѾͷˡ
̣ҲѽҶ֪޾Űӳ̻֣ڳϲֵС
ˡҲΪѣϵЦ߹԰ӡ
ȥʲôʱѽװʡ
Ӧ˵һ°ɣĻҪ£࣬ϾﵽǣؾҪˡ
̴˵ˡ
°ҪҪؼأԼҪǻˣСô죿
Ҷһڳʣµİӣŷ̫ߣЩɻ󣺡̣ôˣ᲻𣿡
е᲻ѽǶڼңҸ˵˶ûС
ҲһֱڼѽǸѣǲҲøˣȥ죬ȥ¥˵ʲôģֱӾˣۡ
ҡҡͷĳ㲻
ǿʲôģǵ˰ҾͶԻؼˣ˾٣Ҳ˯ţûˣֻſڷԼĺ붼о¼żˡ
ҶȷʵҲûʲô취ֻðο̣С㣬ӦҲ̫ٻ޳мҪأܷŵ¡


218 
ôҲףҲ˵ʲôӳŲġ
ݸҲһǽ֮Żţ޳ȻҲǵ̸룬еĶ£̣߳Ҫߣȥ棬㲻ͦС׵𣿡
ܣʱϲȥ𣿻᲻ŵɻѽ·ϻ᲻̫鷳ˣ
޳С̫̫ϲðӶ˳ԣЦһ£鷳ģֲϹȥ˸һסͳɣסǼ䷿дλ
ǣСҲȥ
ȥɣ㲻ңһСôС
ǺǺãʲôʱʡ
ʰþͳȥ緹ܵˡøС׺¹Ǹϲ
úúãȥʰԣҪСѡ˵ţ̧žȥ

С׸С˱֮෢ĲϳЩʲôá
ʹʡǮһ¶ͬһʳóԷٶ࣬Ҳ壬С׾ϻǳȥ԰ɡ
ȥԵĻҲ̫żʲôʱеóԣС룬˷͸ѧϰ鱾˹ѧһѧһЩٳȥ
С극أȴĵƻš
ѵոС˴ƣôôġ
СţƿţͼС˶￴ء
СףҪˣȥСС׻ڣһҲ⡣
С״̧ͷСߣӻеתµؿСһ˫۾ڵƹ³ãȻȻ˼ûг
Сû취ǰгһ춼ڸЩ˱氡밡򽻵Ѿܷˣ¹ˣҪݽϣ߰ɣȥԶ㻹ûԶɣˣ˶ٿҲ١
СײŻعŶá
ϳʲô
ȥԵˮİɡС˵һ߰ѵƴˣȷû˻֮󣬲ſȥ
аɣһֱڵԣҲóˡȰȥԷŲ㡣
ãлл硣
Сļ򣺡˵ʲôлл߰ɡ
СͦС׵ģСʱ򣬺ݺݵģ˵ݵøƵģ˫۾ûʲôرֵעĵط
û뵽̶̼£һۿȥˣλʡ
С֪ǳԵĺ˻ӸƵģһһҲʼˣƤһ㣬ټѧϰͶ˵ʾͱ˲١
Сţٹһʱ䣬Ҫ޳Ǳ߿˳ɼĻ˵Ǽ֮ĵĸƹˡ
Ҫ޳ãиԶĴ㣬˵Сӻϸѧãǽǰ;ɾͲԼһ˵׼ˡ
СţҪСԺдϢԼǵһʦ鶼еƮƮȻ
úڹţСƵߣԶͼſͣ߻վŸСʱȣǣ˸СѾͷ
ҲҪڵ»Ҫ
СϣǣһѾˣСǸкָʹҪŮޣǴԼû˵䣬˼Сȿˡ
ߡ
̣Щõӱȿˡ޳ѱ³ȥ̡
ã÷ңСЦеģһ뵽ϾܼԼ̲סģƽ
ԺݼٵԱ޳Ҷģæк
ֽ㣬ˣСӺͷ޳ڰᶫֹȥæ
޳˳־ͽţҲأðæȻҰƥ˩ι㶫ͳɣС׺𣿡
Сףûȥˣ˵ȥ·š 
һȥԼ·һӱĵСӸǰһڴҽĸ·ȥˣ
ǡãСӾؿǰ龫ֵСŮû뵽ôɰ
ͷѽҽѣ֪ҽʲôʱ𣿡
Сҡҡͷ֪Ŷ
ѣСѰýѣȤ
ðɡеʧܿ˷ȥǸ㲻ԸŶҪһϲ
Сӳһ硱֮УҲصͷã
ȻСÿɰǼҺüСӣƤɺˣûûСẰ磬Си̾
лл硣ѵóԸСһЦǣ̵־Ժߡ


219 
˵ķǶ¥߿¥ݿڵǼ䣬Ѿ
¥ʱСҲԺſڣ㣬ˡ
޳ףʾˣҶļټСҲ֪С޳ĵ֣ЦŸССƹãʱˡ
޳ŸոջصСƵģ̹˲ЦݣһڴҶ˵ллϿɣСҡ֤Ժøãһֽиʱؼң
޳
Ҫһ䣬Ѿˡ
ȫʬ֣
ҶıСתŪÿЦãҲûסЦţӰѾҪȻ棬һἵǵģһʰ˵еʲô˵ģ紫˵еĶʲôţԣ߷磡
ֹС޳ҲЦˣ㵹ǻڡ
СҲЦ˷ģǡš
СС׵Ҹ£˫֣ĴָĴָһ𣬱ʾȵ˼
ҶĿһ졣
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޳ô˵
ѽ㲻֪ҹÿ˯ʱʱ򻹲ڵϢʱ鿴ҾðɣԼ̫ˣǺ¶
ʮͣǳӵʱÿѧϰ͹أϻҪҹСױĳɳûкôڽ棬̫á
޳ͣ½ŲûҸϢ
Сҡҡͷû
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̴ȰС׵֣һֱ´ȥֱۺͼ¶⣺ֳˣҲʵ˲٣Ҳеˡ
С׼̣Ҳżȥ޳ˣ̵ǣ߳Եÿɺˣӷÿ춼ԵñģҪ޳ÿʱڿ϶Ѿɴˡ
úúáﲻ֪ЩЩ޳أˣԹ̸ոսǵʱ·˵㰮ԵСʳȵȰȥá
˵žҪȥС׸æס֣̣޳أȻҳٳԡ
һ˵޳СףҲȥöˣæС޳ķƣϽȥɲܽõˡ
޳ķ¥ݿҲԶⷿҲȻҲ죬Ҳû˵ʲôС׹ŵʱ򣬲ȥš
޳ϲ˽Լķ䣬žͽŴˣǾ˵ɡ
áС׵ͷ
ѧϰһֱܷģҾͲ˵ˡ˵ǰҹ飬ôһ𣿡޳˫ֱϣѹСס
̾ڲԶķſ̽ͷ̽߿Ҫ˼һЩ̫̫˵ġ
Сһ飬ҲѣʵͷС
ҵ޳ͷΪʲôҸϢϢӦ֪дϢȥѧϰ˵һѷ涼ǽȥˣҪǲϢѧϰдǸϢʲôã
Բ㡣С֪ͷǸֻѧᣬȻæ
ϴλȥ̶˵ˣ޳̫æǻز˼ңĽ㶼ˣҪԼܰæ˵޳Щ


220 
㲢ûжԲңԲֻԼ̡޳üеɸ֣Сͷӣû˵Ļ
뷨ҵҲһ˼ȥֻα˼ңҲˡ
㻹δ꣬ǳʱǵҲȱһɻġ
㶮ץʱѧϰϽñЩûдǼõƷҺϲƷ񣬵ǰҹУҹֻ͸֧Լ壬ʱѧϰͺأҹֻӾ㶼帺
ںúѧúչԼ壬ˣһʱ˵ܽЩѧϰĻ׬ʱٱҲ٣Լ׼ѧˣ巴ˣòʧ˵㵹ˣô죿
޳˵ţϣСܹýȥЩҲط˵ġ
֪˽㣬ԺҲҹˡС׵ͷ͵øˣ̵ʶԼĴ
֮ǰԼˣ޳ҪʲôرͲôԴԼˣ໨ǮһԼǿǧٱĵԱþ׬رαôĵػԼ
˵ףǰɵܵˡ
޳˵öԣԼһˣչ̡
ԺһϢѧϰϢˡСͨһθ޳֤
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áСصͷҹȥˡ
޳ȥɡ
վԼſڿС޳ǰͷ޳˵˳һλ壬ΪС׸ɻʱ˴Ķò׵ȵСܹæһؽ
СףǲǸɻˣʡ
С׷ɿҡͷûв档Ұҹ飬ûа޳ϢϢҲҪҹš
е㲻ţո޳Ǻ˵˺һء
СΣҰҹӣҺúϢţûвɻ
̳ϵɫһǿûͺã˵ʲôʲôģ˰ﲻʲôԸ㣬㲻ҪԲ¡
̡֪˵ҲЩԲ޳顣
ˣС׵֣ȥöŰ
Ůӵᣬ滹סã̲С׽ţԼСŽȥС׾õˡ
ͷͷ޳ҶĬĬӣ֮ҶԼĶӣ۰Ͱ͵ؿ޳Ҷˡ
֪ոʱҲˡ
޳̾߰ɣԷȥ
˳ʱС׻ſڸ죬޳һͬкˣ߰ɣԷȥðˡ
СײŷӦ̣ǻûԷѽô˵һΪԹˡ
ΪϹģͳˣϾ޳ĽһԷͦġ
ЦţûأҲŸյãԹ𣿰ѽԹҲûϵٳԵ㣬ء
̣ѾԱˣȻöأٳˣȥͳɡС׿Цõذ޳ķơ
͹ԹܵҶߣǣҶĵ֣ųҲˣСҪ㣬ԼĶڿһͷţ
̣߰ɣСзִģȻٳҲС޳ҶĵȾˣ
С׸ոճ극ܶȥ
ǣǾ߰ɡ޳ô˵ˣҲ˵ʲô

ǡ
طյ޳ҶҪĵ֮󣬾һֱҹսŬʱڳõʱʹ졣
طæغԹֻۣҲҹսҪȻֻһζؿշˡ
ǣظһ˾ֻܿͰ͵λӣվһߵŲǲ
ʲôʱ򵽣غк˶Թ˱ŵһߣһ򿪣ʵ
Ҳ⼸ˣҲ֪ʱСûпգȥǶûúһϼ졣
ط̾
غһۣҵ˵һۣ˵ʹǵںˣһ쵽ܣ۳ɹһ¶ϼ档
ǶҲܾһ⿴ط˴粽õصɻȥ
У˵㡣غ˳ܣ˯ذ壬ǲ˻⣬˰ź÷𣿡
һֱɨأ͵ءҪ߲õԼ͹ȥˡ
طȥȥ޳˼ϵֲ̫ܼ̳࣬мҵû뿪
ҵ̫ʱҲһַգط˸̾


221 
޳Ҷסһŵڶߣ룬·ҪϺüʱ䣬˵Ļеۣˣи֧ʹҲãϳʲôġ
Ҳõȴʱ䰲źõ顣
ôţ޳ֱдŵϣϺӼͰӦڣϾ·˸ҲȫЩ
죬ڵæ˹ʹ̺ܱ߹䣬·ߺһһСҲİĵط֪롣
˰֣޳Ҷʲô׼ŰӦںͺӼҪĶʰ֮˱ԼСͿֱ
ΪҪ·ĸ˳磬컹ûˣ̺ҲУΪ̫ۣڴ
̻Ÿͳߣϧû̿ʼ֣ͱ޳ֹˡ
̣æˣԵĺȵӦڸӼ׼ˣģСҲౣأû˴ŲҪ̫ԶʡҲ·
޳˵꣬תͷѣСҲҪ̵ĻæúøߣҪߣҪκ˵ķ䣬ҲҪȥƫƧĵطŮ˭ȥҪҪǷ˭ô㣬СС׸磬ס𣿡
Ժ˵סĶǵԱĸƤ˭Ҳ֪˭ƤӵסʲôСΪá
¶ǹԹԵͷ֪ˣ·ҲҪСġ
ãȥ˯ɣ컹ûأ˯㣬˯Сĳߡ޳߰ͷ
ոСͷûˡ
һֱվһԣ޳ĻҲ֪زģȷʵҪעһЩ㽫޳Ļ
ǱĻҲ˵䣬Ȼ޳ͷҶ
΢֮ʻسǡ
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޳ϣųڱĿ
ӼͰӦԼһһǰһţӼвס죬Ҳû룬ŴɤӾߺȣֽ㣬˵ǵһͣŵ羰ͦÿǶҪ𣿡
磬·ҲӼĴɤŸƵģһ죬޳Ըоµ͵һ顣
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ۺӼ궯죬޳ûڣҲû֨ôһ·š
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ϲôſţ޳§Ҷʡ
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޳ûӦɻ󣬵û۾ֻǺһ£ţ
ҶһµĺϣС˼Сĵ޳һƷβĳ޳Ĳȥ
ԽԽӵķβҶĿʼ֪Ȼ޳ʲôӦ
޳
޳ԼķӦӦҶĵ֮⣬ΪڷβʱֱӽҶĵסˡ
޳۾һϸ΢ķ죬һεؿڸСҶġ
Ҷһ㶼ֱصͷ棡֡
棬޳ҲôҶһ㶼£Сηɫ
޳һ۾ܿʲôЦˣŲһ¡
ʲô֣̫
Ҷ̵ֱۣ
Ҷҧгݣȥֵֻϡ
޳ĶЦˣɿ֣ڸ
Ӧһֱӱĵһȥ
ôô£
ҶĺߺȴҲˣˤȥ𣿡
޳Цǻ𶯣Сϲ
ߺߣ㻹Ҳϲţ
Ҳң˵ԸΥ˵ǲ
·ģ޳ֵ֣Ҳš


222 
ϢԶʱ򣬱һϵĺӼҵĻᣬԼһӾ޳ȥ
㣬ˡӼһϯضһ߸޳ҶĴк
޳̾ˣҲ̫ûۼЩûҶľǴвУ
޳Ҷһ飬̫ˣܵصͷţӦڻһ£ߺ档
ܽ˸ԼϳˣɤŸͭƵģˡ
ӼʶͷáţΪɶѽҸϳϵò𣿡
Ϊ˸޳һǸӦĥ˺þţûȾƣֻܸϰѽ
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ҶĴԱͷԭϵǺӼ˵ѽҾ˵ôƽشأ
ֵӼˣŰӶû˼ԣǸΪǶأԲˡ
ӼϵسҶĵǸ
ҶĿװֵĴӣһҳһӣԭˡ
޳ԵڱζҲɿźӼھһӣ۲ӳôóҲ볢
ҶҪԣӼ˻ҶֻһæЦŽеֽݹȥԾãأԡ
ȻʲôŤͷȥ޳㣬Ҳ¡
޳İӲȤҡͷܾˡ
ӼһϧҲˣʼȡԼȨ㣬绹Ǽݳɣұ֤˵ߣСҪǻǲĻٻɲ
Ǿ㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
޳ҲҪôҲһ˵Ҫ˳ԡ
϶ᣬ㲻ָҲ˵ˣǱҪŽͷˡ
Ӽظ֤Լٴȥ޳ҪԼëԼİӸǣ ûʲô£ҾȥӦˣ
ȥɡ
Ͻ߸Ͻߣ˭ӭˣ޳òС
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ҶľãʵûʲôüƽϵģҶĵǺһ
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Ӽ򵥵׶ ûʲôӵ˼ҲԼֲʲô鶼ԭ
ӦӸȣҲһ㲻˭˵ԼʲôЩӵĲ̫÷ŵ˵飬ȥȽбϡ
ҶĻȻԭӼôС˼Ϊš
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Ҷ޳죬Ҳˣʼ˯ǰ˯˯ţʱ򣬺Ӽ˴ó
ҶĲ޳ãһ׻ȡ˳ȥӼྵĻᡣ
Ӽר־ų䲻ԱһͷŵһôһһҲƫһ£ŵæͷ
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Ϊʲôᶶ޳һף˳˱ҶͻȻðȥͷŵˣҲû֡
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Ӽϳʱ򲻸˵һ㣬ͲŰӦһ߶߶ʲô·ɹһֻʲôȻʺڳԯϵϣʲôһС컨û֪ûж
ӦҲۿɼķüͷˡ
޳ΪԼг̰ȫúӼ˵˵Ϊá
޳һ䣬Ӽͽӻˣž֪ʱж࿪ȸԾϽ㣬лл㣬꣬˵ˣɱ⼸졣
ӼõԼྵϢͱˡ
ˣݳʱѾˣڿڸϳʱ˵ˣֱǣ·ڴںڰһ
ҪҪҪӦڻһȥȥˣл졭ԣֽ㿪


223 Ȩ
ΪȷҶְʲôʱ׼ȷϢ޳Ҳ·ϵ̫ãԭ·ϱߵļƻÿճ˳Է˯ʱ䶼˸·ϡ
þסջã·ϵһˣֱ¶Ӫһ˵ֻʱ͵ǡ
طͽȥſڵˣ޳ݵ֮ǰؼؼҸ׼ؼҶصͼظһ֪ԼҪȵһ
Ҫ·޳һ˶Ҫ³ʾ·ͽܼ飬Ÿո³ŶӣǰظļҶ
޳ϵСŹȼˣСô֪ǽ쵽
С޳ҶĸǰվȴкС㣬ٷˡ
ҶֵصͷҲǵСҶԴԼ޳Ĺϵؼұ¶֮ؼһ˵оˡе
СкŸ޳˵Ƿ˽ŵģǰˣɰǸˣҪȻȥүͷ˿Ҫʧһ
⼸ûӵСٷˣҿ˵ɫʧӣ˶ܡ
֮ǰոսӵСţ˿ɿģҹֺǺǵģ桭
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СǵûУû˽ӣԷ˾Ȱǹˡ
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Եģؼǣÿٸ˰ɲ٣ÿеʲô飬ؼҲûģӻеġ
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ӼԱǣСôһ˵ﲻɰ̾ԭǮ˵Ȩ
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СϵܣɾˣҪÿܸͱ߹ؽʿӣǣҲŶӣŶӣǵϱ˰ǰչ㡣Ƕؼûʲô
ø˵ˣؼҲǮʲôִѵʱ򣬻ʡ
ǰøصһؿͻ걩ѩû͢ÿ귢ŵĶ»ڷƣЩ·ϸûһʱ͵ʿС
ʹˣһ˲㶳ؼ֪ϼҼ֣Ǯʣ̿Ȼҹϳһȸ͹ȥȼü֮
ҲΪһѩգؼҲûģʳȫ͵ȥ˱߹ء
Щ£Ҷ֪Ǿùٸзǹ֮ʲôɾֱ˵©Ҳ֪ġ
˵ʱǮҲôģ˼ҸҾôǮеȨôˣοҲһ·ѣ鲻˶á
ͨһÿ꼸ֱӱˣСӪһҲ׬һ
ǣȻͨˣɱȴ֪еԭɣ⻹ЩĻ
СҲˣ޳ҶĶ룬æǽ
޳ʲôˣͲЩɵ˷һ·Ŀбӵǰߡ
ӦһֳĬ
ֻҶĺͺӼСĻеȣû뵽ؼÿҪôǮؼÿ׬ȥ
Ӽҡҡͷʾ룬Ҳ󲻳
ˣС򵥲˲飬ûʲôΥƷֱӾͷˡ
ллүˡëʿ˵˼л޳һ˾ظķߡ


224 ظ
˽˳ǣҪһȻȥţëֱӾȻȥˣС޳ں档
ëﱨŵʱطڸ˵СһԳŸĵؿǡ
ȥȸɽϣط˾͸˳˺ѣ־ýСԵûٽн˴СںͽС档
Ҳɴ˴ؼ󴬣һǧÿԣˣҲû¾Լطһȥ䣬˵ĸԽԽãĽյϣ޲ʱʱ̿һ
ë˵޳ˣڳļϲĲУСҲˣϱСһڴؿŰëë磬˵𣿡
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СȻˣë˵˺ܿ͵æȥط˺ͽˣһ˫ԲĴ۾գգͣλ﷢
Ҳȥſӭˣëȥйܼ֪ͨȥ׼ˣ޳ǵҪԷϢУмҪطǣС֣һŰëһߡ
ëȥ
˵ظ˿ˣӦȻȥģǿŽС˷ܵģҲûѹҲŹȥ
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СŲӿһۣΪȻҲడؼ٣ҲôˣҪǱҵģſڶվġ
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Ӽ򿴼طǣطȻҲæӭ
ҶһֱŴ⿴һط˾ͼòУһͣ£޳ûϣԼÿȥ
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СλԴԼطнȳСȰȣĸҲѽʱĸһ仨úãժϣĸ϶Ȼÿ
С죬Ӵط˱ĻŭţЦãʱĸҲȥժֵÿĻʱɱޱӡ
СͷɣҲŲޣժ
ģǡط˿С飬ϲòС
޳һ߿ţҲýСͦɰģҲЦŸЦСѵͲҸĽҲժĻ𣿡
Сҡͷ£ɶˣժ
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ҲãȽȥɣͷҲͦȵġ޳˵
˰ȥ޳ҲͲˣҶĸط
Ӽ򿴼޳Դ³֮ûԼͽ˸˲ˡ
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ظļҶûȫȥӦ˰ǵģš
СżλӶţתӦںͺӼ˵λ˸λסʱλͰסţȻԻ͵λС㷿ȥλܷġ
ӼͰӦͬʱһ˰žͺãԼͷԵĲ֪ô졣
˵ԷǳԷطֱӰ޳˲޳һԼҶϲԵĲˣЦõͬʱޱȶݡ
ԼҶĲŸյһӲ˾ˣȻ׼ã͵ԼҶĵĵȻǡ
ҶҲ̾ĸô׼ôࣿܳԵ𣿡


225 
ѽ˳ԣܳԶٳԶ٣Щ·ϳ˲ٿɣڵ˿ɲóԶٺõġ
ط˽˶ϴõˮ裬ϴ֡
޳Ҷļ״Ҳû˵ˣ˵Ҳûã˶Ѿˣ˳Իô죿
ˣأôû޳ŷӦԼţûغӰ
ѽе飬ȥˣӦܻùȳԡط˻ӻ֣һĲ⣬·غ˵͸ܼһĴڡ
Ǿȳ԰ɡ˼ϲŻ޳Ҳ˵Ҫȡ
һط˾ͷֱ޳ҶļǰԵĲˣͣҼǵϴ˵⼸˺óԣ׼ˣЩǸз²ʽҸ㲮ŲͶ׼ˣǿɵöЩ
޳ԼĲԽԽ࣬εĸԻԼеģҲԣֻŸǼвѽ
ҶĿԼĲˣҲЦãѽĸǿԼеġ
ط˿λСˣ֣ǺðɣԼаߡ
ﺦˣһûأڸˡҶ˵
ģط﷢вˣǰ
ȻǶ˵ԼˣǾԼаɡ
طţתͷȥС
СȫĿλĲðģط˿ϽסԼڣزĸҲԼаɡ
йأĶҪ꣬ҪǲĸҲôˣСӿҪű̫ˣ
СԼĶӳըӣµö˶ӡ
ĿСŮϣķӦЦˣ̧ͷط˵㣬Լ԰ɣСҪԼѧųԷС
֮ǰҲظԹÿλȥСŶӸ˵ĸеĲ̫ˣӳţͺЦط˸вˣԺ¶Ҹطͬòˡ
ǺðɡطźջĿ⣬ԼԼԡ
ͶιȤѽһ롣
Ҳ֪طǳСʲôʱŪӸ
طа̾
Թ緹ĸŮ͸ˡ
طСҲЩʲôֱӽźˣϢ˵
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ҶԼֱۣ޳ʣͲĸǸиôӦǸܸ𣿡
޳ЦãҲǷѽĸ˲ˣһ²ҲǿԵġ
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ܻаɡҲѽֵµĸ֪Ƿޣ˭Ķһĸˣµܻǵã˾һ¡οĸĸ黹ͦãõеʲôȻôܻᳳһҲжء
ðɡҶķƽһǾûҡ
޳ʧЦԺҪǲҪæҲŪ𣿷һ壬ʲôֵġ
ҲŪģҴ壬ӣֲɣˡ
ѽ鲻ɣǲĸ飬ҲѽĸŮҵ⣬ʳģ˱ܵȿʳĺ֬ɡ޳Цıӡ
ôɰҲܾᡣ
ҶıűǼо̧ͷҪȥҧ޳֣޳һӶ㿪ˣȻС죺İ㣿
ҧˡ
ҶҪ֣κ޳˫ѹȣȲʧȥսû취ҶֻҲְ޳С졣
ģҡţ
޳СעͬСϡһ²Žſֲ֣
ֵġҶĶʱʱ͵ϮѾϰˣţûſ޳֣Сģ
ðɡ޳ΣţٴοһΡ
Ҷһ¾ͷſӱ޳ò˼飺һûΣ
ɲףϻҪأô죿
޳Ц˴Уˣ˯ɡ
Ҷȴ֣ڳ˯ʱ޳úܣ˯˯
ʲô
֪Ǿǲ˯ҶŤŤӣϱһŤ޳졣
޳
·ϸӼûĹ
аɣ˵ôأ


226 
ҶĲִСʼֶţֻ˵ѽ
˵˵˵ˡ޳ۼֿ׽סҵ֣޾ͱ
⼸Сӵӱˣһ첻Ͻߣ
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ظҪǿˣط˵޳
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ҶУһ¾òС
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ˡ
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Ҷĺְ꣬˽޳ϣſţҪ˯ˣ졣
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Ҳ˯ˣһ·Ҷû̫ڣҲֻ֣ҹﻹҪһֱţûϢãΪ˲ҶĽţֻװ۵ӣڵؼңһİסˡ
Ҷſһ£޳˵˯֮û˶ĶҲͣҪ˵һ̧ͷŷѾ˯ˡ
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޳˯ôǵոմҵʱ֮תһɴϾ˯ȥ
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˻֣ˡ
Ҷľ죬޳ոձߵһߵСӸ˸ϣ޳һ£Ȼͷ޳ľѼ䣬ű۾
˯˯ɣȻܸء
˯ɡ
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СѾͷ˺һûˣһʣ˯ˣ
Ӧǰɡûˡ
СѾͷͷվֱӣţ
˯˾ͺãҪȻǾ͵һֱ񾭵ţͻȻЩʲôԸ©ˡ
˵λСӿڡ


227 ֺ
طȻȥ˺źСվǲģĹȥˡ
ôˣطָָվſڵѾͷ
СѾͷطɿط˵λ˵
һСӦ˯ˣûˡ
ڣط˲ףʲôˣ޳Ǻӿǻڵѽ
ūҶСЦӦͦĵģ˵Сᣬ֮ûˣ˯ˡ
ط°ͣ˼һǾǺúϢɣҲվˣٹ
˵꣬һĸЦˡ
٣ãһ·ܽڣá
ʲôģҲ֪޳⺢Ӷ¶Щʲôϣ˼ˡ
϶ǲ˵ģٺ٣
СѾͷٴôˣôЦ֣
λС˯ˣⲻǺֵˣ
˶ûܴӶԷõ𰸣ֻŽżԺӣ½Ų˳ˡ
ط˹ֵЦݻصԼסغȲ裬Цأ
غŲ豭һ٣ţˡôЦ㡭֣
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طԹԸԼ˱裬ûغСЦģ޳Ĳոչȥһۣ鵹ͦãҿǸãͿġ
غŽɣ⣬⸱Цݣֹô򵥰ɣ
Сˣ÷˿ĳԺǲǵöΣ˸ϲ
ֻǡǳĻǲǾҪŷ˸Ϲȥ
ѽӰȻ÷˿ģĺţ
غʼôСŪˣӦþͷˣĻӦþͲüӰ˰ɡ
غ뷨ûˣ˳ط˵Ļͷţþͺã˾ٲЩ
Ҳԡط˺˲裬һСأϻ
غ񣺡
֪Ҫæ˺ô˭ǵǸֻŰӵӣ
ǹ򣬻ԼϢһء
ط˼û˵ֻĬĬȲ裬ֽ֪׵Ժȥˣ̾˿Ҳû˵ʲôˡ
Ĭһǽȥ֪ͨһط޳ҶѾ˵顣
ϴûܺúദһٴɾ̫ˡ
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ȫˣ¶ˣּӢӺɪɪͼԻطı֮
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ղˣֺͷԼֺȥɣ
طȭͷɣֽһԼҪֻԼѴҲʹˣԼ˾򲻵ã˹ûˡ
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յ
ǿ϶ذҶһûСˣߣϽȥطüֱëһֱӴߡ
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ԶܸܵطϵЦжˡ
Ϸ֪λ֮ʵػعӵˣյ
ãּӢɻ󣬡ؼʲôʱ˸ӣ


228 ּӢ
ŷֵؿԼҹӣոؼҹһ֪һŷӺε֪
ŷע⵽ּӢ˵һãǾոСëСֵ˵λС㵽ˡ
ּӢɴ۾
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صùõģù˻
ǵģŷصͷ
ּӢҡˣŷ˻飬ǶżＸӣ㺩ġ
ҪȥطصȵСõ׳ʲôֵطСһֲᣡ
طŸոյң趼ûüһڣּҶò趼ûȣὣҪȥط˹һۣطŲʵذѳŻصܼϡ
ط峯ط˽һ
ط˰һۣϢˣͷżңò׻˻ὣɱġ
طûʲôطǾĪ
Ҳǹġ
׼Žȥʲôô
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ּӢգգۣΪ˲úֵܾԼֵܣѡѣû˵ֻ˵ҪȥʲôˣҪԶţҲûʰ
޹ֱ׳ӣطЦˣҸǰѣҲǺõɫƭһβ񫣬ҪƭһΣ


229 û
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ѣ޳ɻ󣬱ҲǸһֵĲںӰɣ
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ط֪޾ͷѽּҶӣּӢ˾ҲѡּǵλףʶּˣټؼңԺǷչСȿҵӡⳡϣֻû˸СǶʡ鷳
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طжһתͷͿһѾı飬ʶתȥּӢ
ּӢۼֿ죬ֱӽʻȥȻԱȥһ߼ضطĴָأ԰
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230 
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ҶļûӦֳһط䣬ߴ٣㣡
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ּӢ
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˫ɶˣּӢ㵣ǻŹͷû˰ɣ
Լط࿪޳Ҷĵķ°͡
ּӢ˳ƿȥԼǰ޳üЦǣҶĵ֣Ц˵˼ʲôҶҲЦˣ֮طнӹոժµĻ䣬ظҶĴϡ
Ҷʻ֮С̧ȥ޳ÿ𣿡
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ͷò׿һĹ˼ϲľȻҲǹ
Ҫô
ôù
Ͷ̥Ҳ˰


231 Զ
ط˽ģҲĽˣ˻Լ޳ҶĹּӢˡ
ʱ䲻Ȧ͵˳Էʱ䣬극ɫѾּӢ͸ǻؼȥˡ
ûʲôǲһԺǣط˸Ҷӳеѿʽ˭ҵСĸ϶ͷȵȡ
ط޳ӣЩطʲôˣЩ˰°ж⡣
ֻغм䣬廰ֲ֪ô룬ֻһš
޳ط彲һغһֱû˵תͷ
˵Ҫлл㣬Ӫջ㲻꣬ܽˡ
غĵ÷أȻ޳һ²ŷӦЦͦģ¶Ǹ㿪ЦģաͰŰɡ
޳֮࣬ϽҡҡͷôУ˵Ҫ͵øˣԶšңȸãѾ˴æˣô𶼲Ҫأ˭ǮǴģǮҲס
⻰غǼûҪ޳𣺡뷨ͺãǶԵģýţ˵ĵġ𲮸ĲҪˡ˵ҪҲֻ뿼鿼㡣
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˵תͷȥԼţԸš
ģģѹƽЩһģϲŮưưˡ
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޳ûסЦһغ򸾺ҶĵĲĿ
˵ʲôЦ㿪ģطҶĵֿأ޳Цº棬̧ͷҲˡ
޳أЦĵʲôȤĶ
޳Լʵʵ˵ᱻط׷ɱЦҡҡͷûʲôư˶ѹ
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طˣ
Ҷģ
غ񣺡
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232 
޳ԼҪ飬ڶձܾطһŹֵ룬˵ԼҪطȥʲôġ
ط޳һﲻ̫һ·ʲôҲ̫ԣҸطҲò֮ʲô̫ĻҲȥˡ
ط嵹ǿĵĺܣ޳ĻһڣǵЦݾûֻͣҶľЩֺʧ䡣
ٽţҶһͷĸط˳ȥطֺЦ̲סͷֿһ죬ϾܼĸֲὫˣӣúǲټһ
Ҷһ죬ҲԼеˣ΢΢ɬؿڣĸЦˡ߰ɡ
˵꣬ߵϣط˹ȷϳ
޳طһЩǣվſط˵ĻطҲûס޳
~ⰮζҲͷֿ춼᲻ˡ
޳˸ۣܺùĳ˼ʮˣƵģһھǡ¹ѡ±˲֪ĸ̥Ƶġ
طǳ飺ã˵㡣
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˵úһҾҵõ˼Ůֲǲ
ط˺ҶĶȻӴ̽ͷط޳𣺡עⰲȫˡ
޳磬ϼҶҲطһǻ֡
ط޳ͬʱӦϼ
ȥطͰ಻סˣ޳ļ򣺡ߣҲʱ仹磬˽ÿܼȦ
У߰ɡ޳Ӧţȥ
ҲѾþûܸʹˡ
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Ȼǽ⣬ҲЩԼ׵Ĺأ󵽣ҪȻ𲻱Ҫˣط岻̫ڳʱӰ顣
޳ûô࣬طԼҲˣطոշ֪ĻеЦ
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ؼңмƥҲȻ֪˭ʤҪҪģԪһԼİȻ£ҪѺһѡ
ѽӦûһȦʱãϽϽСҳһͭ壬ѹطӮ
̴ģط˭ӣҲһͭ壬ѺطӮ
һͭ壿Ҳ˼ҳͭ壬ѺһСֵӮ
䶨ˣ
Ӹ糳ֵسǮ
ҲѺСֵӮɡѺعӣȤһ롣ҦЦͳԼĺɰҲͭ塣ԪȣѺĸ
ѺعӰɣҲһͭˡԪȵǸո˵һñ˻ῴعӵϹط壬ǾԼҦҪѺһź档
ãѺˣ͵ɴ۾˭ȵΪ硣һӸ翴Ҷעˣָָ֮ǰյߡ
ˣ
˽ŵضԶɱƥ
磬ǰȺô޳ɤӳط庰
У
ط˵꣬һͳ޳
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ѺطӮĹӸɵˡ


233 ʶ
СֵţۣȻؼҹӵӶ
һ·ɱʿ°̫ˣ
Ҳ̫·˰ɣ
طҲ٣Ǿ̫̣޳ͷľ޳
죬ǮӮˣѺ޳ӮĹӸֵŸЦզզǮСҲⲻǣ
զզģС޳ոͱǵ˹ȥ
һȺ˶ŻĹӸ磬вɸ̾
Ȼʱʱǲģ
ڸʲôǮģ
ط˵ע˰ɣڲǮǶ˭ӮˣҲ֪Ѻ˶١
ЩӵȤҲЩˡ
ҦĿ޳ϣŷָոΪСֵʵλʱգû뵽һҲôá
޳㳯΢΢ףϲʶʾ˵
޳΢㶣ܿ췴Ӧ˹һ֡
ʶطߵ޳ߣʡ
޳ҡͷʶȸҴкҾͻӦһ¡
û£ʶȥкɡط˵ţǣ߹ȥ
ؼӴطչȥǱߵĹӸǾȹкˡ
ش磬þòҦԪЦŹطк
漸ӸҲ׷׿ڣعӣ
طһһǼ񣬲޳ļ򣬽˴ǰ޳ܣҽһ£ãӣ޳޵ޣһĳԺҶա
ָ֮޳һһ˼λӸֵݡ
ʲôʽϣϣԪȥ棬һ䣬Ӹͻתͷ޳
ô𣿡޳ɻؿǡ
ûʲôǡҦӣǱ߹вҰ͵СǣҲ֪ϲʶȥĻǿ²̫ãܻᱻЩʲôлĻһˣҲġ
û°˵˵£ܲÿ˶˵ɣ˵Ҳ⡣޳ν
ǡҦеԥ
ҲˣҽֹɡԪȿڣ˶Ҧԥ
ˣôû˵ӸֿʼզˣбҪôʵ𣿡
ԪȡǺǡȺԼûĲǣתȥط޳˵شֹﲻصģ飬ȻҲǵֹĴҲһˣмҶţ¡
ʱˮֹ֣͸һ죬羰Ե㶫ʲôģǴˣ͹ȥԡ
ҲУôɡطŲ
Ȼ޳⣬˶Щǣⷽ棬СЩΪá
޳Ҳûۼ˼ҶźˣԼӲȥҲûʲô˼ҲͷͬˣǾŰɣǲûԵء
޳˼ЦӸ簵˿û˾ͺá
ϾոʶͲ˼Ҹһ棬ôе˵ȥ
ҪȥĺĵطҲԶˣһ¾͵ˡ
ԲԲأתͷȥһ۾ͿԼҸ磬æӵų˵ķ֣磡
˲ԲԲԶĵطͣ£ҵʹ̾͹ƥǣˡ
ԲԲһ㡣ԪߵԲԲǰ޳޳عӵãȻȥ㣬ʹλú𣿡
ԲԲԪ˵Ҫܽʶʱ򣬾Ϳ޳һӾʹסˣûעԼҸ˵ʲôԪȻŻعԪȵ䡣
磬ø߰ûôߵŮӣ
ԪȿЦãոĻþûȥ
ȷʵǱһŮӸһЩҪǺĻȻһ棬ԼԪ֪Լһֱ̫رϲӸߵˣǸ߸ӹֻ
𣿡ԲԲϲ
ġȸԣأʹŽߵǺòã
ãԲԲĵصͷȸոһЩ
ԳøߵȻĺøУܺ͸߸ӽһ˵Ǽֱٺòˡ
Լ˵껰ԼûкæǰŲ˼̧ͷ޳޳ãҽԲԲԲԲԲԲա
޳ǰԸԼ޴СŮҲԲģһؿԼɰˣҸĸŮ΢΢ЦŸԲԲкԲԲãμ棬ҲԲԲŶ
ԲԲ޳ЦˣСáõģԣǽҲŶԣ֪϶Ҷࡣ
ԲԲһ߸ӽ߲·ëȦĸ֪Ӹ翴ԲԲ޳˵ʱİ֪ͣëַˣûסЦ˳


234 
޳иԲԲ֮طͺԪȥˣ¶Ӫؾֻʣ˸ҼͺһЩСǡ
޳һȦС㶼һģֻԲԲԼһ˵ߣЩ档
ԲԲôһѽ˵СǣӦö浽һŶ԰
ԲԲ죬˵صǲСȡЦҲŲҪһأ
ԭ޳ûЩȣô
ʵҲûʲôģȥȥǱʫʰ黭һⶼûУʱͶÿ˹ĳЩˣһ˼ûУʱӮ˾˸ɫЩ䲻𣬲ŲҪһأ
ԭ޳Ȼ֮еʲô˰ɣûϵСǼˣҲա
ԲԲ꣬޳ʱͳ˳ݣ㣬ҲŸո˵ôһ㣬Ͳµˣң˵һĻ
ԭ֪еŵֱһӮһС㣬ҿɫˣ֮ʲôͻᡢ̤࣬ЩĪ鷳ѿȥ˵֮󣬲֪ԼǲĳЩ˵ӣԲŻᱻЩ˵ĹΪѡ
û뵽޳ôôһϢܲµˡ
ûʲôѲµġЩһӸλϰˣȻһֵñͻΪ˲ӣԡ
ȻأԼҪżӣŸȥԽݣԼװŶرģȴЩϷŪ㡢ĥ㣬һ֮Уرܡ
޳˵ţһԲԲ鹱׵Сʳ
飬ǰҲûپأڸոյǣûطʱ鳣
̫һǣЩ˲ûһܺõļǸһģΪԭΪ¶ˡ
ЩˣֻǱԼƯʶ˱Լܱ࣬Լö࣬ҲѵӪֵúãԼĵٶȳǣĸĪĳЦ衢ݺ
ѵƣϻҪЩ˵ĸҲ磬Ƕʱ䣬ѵʹʱ
ԲԲգŴ۾س޳Ǵ֮ɫ
˵ò𣿡޳תͷ
ԲԲݺҡͷȻֺݺݵͷԵģô˵ģҸҲô˵ǶԶЩˣġʱġ̫ǿˣá
ԲԲԥһ£ʳ˿ڣҲЩ𣿸ոտ˵ú棬ǲǽǰҲ鰡
޳ʧЦһԲԲĶͷС۲쵹ϸ¡
ٺ٣ԲԲͷǾˣ
ġ޳ͷ
ЩҲûʲôġ
ԭԲԲ޳¶Щۣץס޳֣СοǡǶȥˣ㲻ҪˣΪЩ˲Ĳֵá
޳øɾֻСԴͲˡˣǳģ˵ЩˣǻûЩʲôǣеİ
Ҳԣ˵ЩˡԲԲͷȻ־ᣬǣҲ֪Ҫʲô
޳˵Ҫԣʵв𣿵ȻãûеĻȥЩ
ÿǶҪԣӼľ̿أʲôӰϰˣˡԲԲָָԶǱߵļڰѶóڷš
޳
Ǯ˵ĽΣ׼ͦȫûʲôˡ
Щʲôѽ޳ʣܲÿζɵԪǲȻŸһɣ
ԲԲ˫һ̯һɣտտգ죺ţǻ
޳¶ˡ
޳Ҳ㲻𣿡
ѽһҲ֪ʲôѽԲԲſţ˫ֳ°ͣҡ˫ȣûμ£ڲݵϹȥմһмĲ֪øʲôˡ
޳Ҳ֪ʲôģϵƷֱһźɹ
С𣿡޳ͷԲԲ֪Щʲôˡ
СôࣿԲԲ£˫ؿ޳
ݱСߣǻû
ҽ㡣޳ֽԲԲҲߣȥҳĲҶұ㿴
лСǣҪǵһɽѧһ磬!
ҵļͼС˸޳ˣҲϽȥС˱ʲôΣյĵطȥ
ݻ̵ģԺãˡ޳һԳҶҰԱͣԼ˼ƬҶӣûֱӸԲԲԼ
ݱԵоݣܷȱ𶯣ȰѾŪҪȻø֡


235 
Ҽ͸󣬼޳ȷʵϸģҲûĬĬվһߺš
ˣš޳õĲҶݸԲԲԼҲ˼ȱѰɣ򵥣ֻм裬һӾͺã˰
šԲԲصͷ޳֣۾գһ£¿©ĸ衣
޳һƬҶӣһһأѵĳ򣬰мҶһ㣬мľ£ҪŪˣȻ
޳һ˵һ߱࣬£һֻݱСѾͳ޳С
áԲԲŴ;̾Ҷû壬ͱˡ
㣬ٱһ¿˰޳ЦŰСѷϣҶٴα
һ˶СѣͽһЩ֣СƣСܣСȵȣѶ𽥴
ҼǼӣҲû󣬴СҴԺСϷ޳ԲԲС۾ֱˡ
Ŀ̫ȣ޳Щڣֻһࡣ
ʹʶԲԲ
ԲԲԴһܣûע⵽ߣʾʹӹҲ԰ɣû˿
ʹ̾ͼ˱СĶ顣
޳һЩżûذҶŪˣ϶ܰϵС꣬ԲԲʹӾͲˣϰĳɱһЩСԲݣû༸Сͱ޶ͺˡ
ԲԲδ㣬ûˣȥ𴦿ɣ
Ҳһڴؿ޳
޳СԲԲûڴ飺ţ㡭ԣҵ¡ȥˣôˣӦûˣǻȥɡ
޳һֻཱུС˳ɰģϺûһƵöˡ
ðɡԲԲȻ棬Ҳһ˵öԣʱӦòˣǲߵ̫Զǻȥɡ
ԲԲС޳Щؿű޳ϵܣ㣬ϲ𣿡
޳ߵеܣаɣһϲûȥ͸
һѽôûѽ
޳ѻǽãӦø޳һദİɣ
ȥˣԺлʶ޳˵ţԶһȺطǻˣ߰ɣǻˣпˡ
ԲԲ˳޳ߵķȥȷԼҸĻˣͷ˼ȥҳҶݵĴ㣺ǾͻȥɣҪȻңҪˡ
֣
̰汻ˣ޳ЩЦ
طһͷԲԲ;ԼµõС߸ҫȥˣ޳Ƹں߹ȥһ߳û۲طһȺˡ
߸ˣ㻹٣һ˺üٵҲһںߴ˲Ŵġ
޳Ŀתתûǵ·ʪģЩ˹·ˮģѹֲš
Сߵطߣط˵ô㣬ܳԵ𣿡
طü⻰İһܳԵˣôأ³Բꡣ
ط廰һ䣬λӷ׷תͷһȡ
Щ㣬һ˵һ˳ֹﻹ˲¶డ
ҦӦ죬޳ΣæΧ忾ղܶԵ׬ģǸϽȥɣӦѾպ̿ˡ
޳ŲЩ߰ɣóԵĻ˵ҵóҴ粶Թ⣬ǲ䡣
ǳɣֻҪܳԣȥǡԪЦš
طӵȤĹԶ˶˵±Եö̹࣬±˲֪Եöһ
ԲԲԪȵ֣ĬĬ˵޳ʳôʱ۾һεԲˣ綼ܳôأ
޳Ȼ
ѹֳôߣԭǳԵöడԺҲҪԵ㣬ȡһ㣬ҲҪͷˣ
޳֪ԼСһġ²ظŴҹȥ忾㣬˳͵ʦȥпҲҶĿһ㡣
ѾˣùȥĨȥȵĵԼƾϿܣǶżҵĳʦ˵ãԼһ˾ЩֲЩӸ綯֣޳ˡ
޳˰죬Ҳ֪Ƶôģ¾ͷ͵ʦ뷨˻ˣԺȥ䷹
Ҷڵȴԣûʲôɴһ졣
˵ţԶһֱûĸС㣬ǷˣӵŹ
ԲԲǾͲ̫ģ֪ʱǶ㲻ģֻñ첻˵ҲȥǣעԼеĲݱСϣҰŪš
޳ߣЦؿҲû˵


236 
عӣŹӣӣþò
޳̧ȥȴкһλɫѵĹ˾Ͷ䣬͸Ŷׯţһ۾ͿԿó̬ѧüá
޳֣Ȼ˸λӶк۾ȴͷβطϣ˵ôһȺһˡ
Ȥ
޳ǣĿطϣ뿴ôӦϾλСǳġ
޳ע⵽£ҦԪôעⲻĶһۣйоصػһ֮ͽȥôˡ
ط飬ǻǲҪֵĺá
λɶ޳ĲͷȥԲԲ
ԲԲոشʹһпˮ׼ҶС㡣ԲԲúѽþò
ԲԲͷˣԹɵشкá
޳תͷȥǸʮĹ
áҽ޳ǣա޳ȴк
ãҽжȻҿԸһ𣿡ԲԲһ¡
޳ԲԲһۣûʲôǵ˵ͷѽ㲻ĵĻ
˫ԺһɣС²ۣʫԣ黭ȸû꣬Ҳˣȣ˲۰˰ٸ
޳üôֱڿô
ոջȥԲԲ
ѽСѾͷԲԲʹ࣬ⲻǵ㻹СԣǾͲ㲻ȥҿɲ͵Լȥô
ԲԲ࣬ŪԼĲݱСֻðŲ
£СѾͷûϵĶһ£ſеĻŻŵصͷ桢
ûСԲԲһİϧ֮ɫһ˵һ߰Сŵ޳޳㣬ұһ¡
˵꣬û޳ͶӦ˵ϣ˶ʱڲݵŤһš
޳
ԲԲʮ꣬ü꣬ôԲԲû
СŤǱߵļλСǴкǶΧڿԱߣǱζȣǶ޳˿ˮ
Ϊ޳ԲԲ֮ǰѡĵط£õȥ⡣
λСԲԲһ飬һмʱ¶
޳Ųתͷȥǣɽ۵׵˸һ
ˣȷСˡ
޳롣
޳תͷȥ۲ǣҲڹ۲޳
޳ŵʱ³е̫ǴԼӼѣɫ·ֻҶһСƣľʲôûˣͷϸֻһľصúܣھܣƤЩڣǰЩСǸûȡ
Сһ޳⺮ļҵԶݣ޳ûʲôύļֵߵһˣкû
޳ôкأ˼۶ûҲͲˡ
Ҳͦίߵģкãֵ徻
ԲԲˣݣȻ޳СͷͷһСߴߴ
޳Ҳ࣬û˸Լ˵ֱ±ۼ¡
ϧ޳徻ȴ飬ȺΪԼСڽ޳üͷ塣
Ҳ֪ĸģƤûȤ
ô˵˼˵ֻǸãֻæûʱѡ
⻰˵ģæ·ûУͷϻŸľû򵽰ɡ
˺ˣ˵ˣҲûϵ
޳˼ͲͷˣǱȥһ߸ԲԲͶ˵ȥǱ߿һ¿㣬Ұ
оСоͷҲ̧ͬãȥɣǴһ
طˮͷԷͣ޳ʱ˾ȱһ첽ߵ޳ߣһ޳ļ򣬽޳Сӱߣùһ̿ŵǰ
ֲֿġطһڴؿ޳
ҿɾͲˣѾöûԵʳˣϣϤζ
޳Цʵеһƴ
طЦãɣƵϣôܻǺڰ
ˮ󣬼طûԼȴ޳ڵòУﻮһ˿ʧ䣬ֽܿԼĬĬط޳Ļ
شϲλģ԰ɡ


237 
޳ڴؼһ⣬ֻϻһ˿˿ѪɫԾû͸ӡ
޳ǿĬƬ̣ڣ磬˵Ķȥ᲻ﷱϢ
طһѼ䶯ģ˸𡢱˵ˣȻóԲˣȥٿ
˵ӾǱȥ벽ͣģ޳˵ʲôĵĶȻʳȫûˡ
طһߣԱߵļӸЦ̼룺ֹС㣬ɣƻõһ
ˣôֻأʳҲñ˲ǡ
ˢһ£СϾͳ˺ü̿õ⣬硣
㣡޳һ̾
ǣ缸ıûУ⿾ջСһһԵã޳ǰһ£ϽθڵĻǵȻŵһ¡
޳һ⣬ڴĿ֮£ݵ˿ˮǰһ
ˮ
ˮ㶵ؿ޳λǡڸʲô
޳ûӣ˿ľǩϵգ룬һסǩõĵطٴε˹ȥ²ˡ
֮ǰһֱ鷳û뵽ˡ
ˮˣʶӹ૿ڣлл
˵ɣֻø㣬ǿġ޳ָָԱͬ˵ĹӸ硣
ˮԣתżӸ΢΢ͷллλӡ
Ӹæҡͷ֣òãǳԵÿľͳɡ
˲˵꣬عͷ޳Ѿˣһһһֶһ̣óԣ˰͹ȥСԲԲ
У͹ȥɣʡõȻ˲óˡ
ոսƹǸӸ˳޳ߵķһۣЦеģòУǱ޳ȲǱߵСﳢһ⿾⡣
л޳˵žͶˣ·ˮߵʱ򣬶˶ٽţСҪҪһȥǱһЩҲʲôġ
׻ô¡
׶С㣬ᣬҲ
ˮԥһ£תͷȥڿԱæط壬ɵص˵ͷС鲽޳
ԼߣشҲûԼһۣλֹȥΪʲôش࿴
Ӹ翴ȥıӰСֹҾϸģӦǵһμɣֹȻһӾͲµСˣشֵģһΪǸںϸڵĹء
ɲ˵ĵ𣿿شֹ̬ȣҪĲСǡ˵仰Ĺϧҡҡͷ˼ĲһȥҪؼҾŶ

˿ɵ޳ȥʱһȺ˶ŤͷȥȻĿֱֱеϣ޳ȫûֻԲԲͶ˵
ԲԲˡ
ˣ㰡ԲԲſˮСҲŵһߣȹɵص޳Ͷι
ûطӣ޳ԼˣҲ£Լðûָˣŵ׽ҡ
ϣҿɾͲˡһ̧ͷˮվţߵλãСҲһ԰
ˮŹͺͺĲݵأҲûһ㲼ʲôģԥ
޳ûж̧ͷһۣΣӸţԼǱȥˡ
ȥⶼûءһ߳һɻԲԲ
ԲԲڣ˵ġ
ΣһֳˮС㣬һ£
ˮվԭǴЩ֪룬ݵʲôĶûУʵȥ
Ķ޳Ĳ²һδαƷոտʼΪڸԼָԼڹˣȴˣԼһﲻ֪ô졭ʲô
ˮûӦƢҲˣתͷȥרĳ⣬Ͳ£˭ǼСˣ˭˭ͷ
ߵڵļССЦţҲ֪ЦʲôˮӾԼӦø޳ˡ
ˮԥҪҪ뿪ǰͳ޳Ӱ
޳ĵ沼̯Լȥ˫ڵ沼ߣߵλãˣ׶Сڿ𣿡
ôأΣ׼ҵҲ˸ţˡ
ˮĿ޳ͣ˺ü룬Ҳû˵ĬĬʼССڳǴ͸˵Ŀ
޳˺üתͷãŷһû꣬ʱ̲ס
ˡˡ
ˣˡ
ѹط岻ԸĥĥģһԲһȥʲôδŶ


238 
޳Լһ裬ȿˮǴ⣬ųѯʣϲط壿
һֱãˮҪԼѾˣǺ
ǡˮͷϣûʲô˵ڵģȦ棬˭֪ϲط壬ҲûãӦֳ꣬޳ʵҲϲ
νֹͻȻطߣط廹ôãҪԼĻԼʤ㡭Ϊ㡣
ˮ뵽ľǩָ˰ס
֪оҪʹЩֶ֪ѶˣĽû˵ЩĻЩ˵£ֻĬĬʧš
޳ɨ׵ָһۣһЦûлش⣬ʣϲңǲǾ͸÷ˣ׷ˣ𣿡
ˮͷ˿ɫֲϲҡǳɻ飬߶»Լұ㲻ٳˡ
ⷬ˵ڵжѣֻпˮԼ֪
ˣԭطһֱûŮˣԺƤճȥط߳һط忴ر𰮻ǰԴκŮ˶һ
ҲҪģ֪ܲ˼ϲ˻Ӳȥߡ
ˮⷬǳ޳֮⣬û뵽Сۻͦԣ̫״ùˡ
ôͷˣ
ˮЦǲȻأɢǣ
Ҿã㻹ǿһԵġ޳˵
֪׼ôĿǰ׶С㻹Уɩӣûʲôģ˵㣬ⲻ󣬲¾С
ţˮ죬̧ͷ޳ʲô˼
˼ǣ㻹Լ׷ÿҡҪ׷ѣǳѣҼĸʻ׷ϣ̫ˡأҪԸıһԼһЩСϰߣӦûлᡣ
޳һȣָ첲ϥϣһ߳⣬һ˵
˵ʵʵ̫һΪһȥıԼ̫࣬׼ҶС㣬ط֣ΨһܰľǸôһССĽˡ
ط壬ı䣬Ҳϲ׶С㣬޽⡣
ˮⷬ˵øѹתͷȥͼ⸱ֵģֱˡ
Ҽҵģôôûأ
ƣôԽԽӲŻģشϲ
ԼҪģȷʵǳѡ
ˮţй
ϲһˣôأ
ˮﳤ̾ǰͳһ⡣
޳԰ɣ̵һˡ
лл
ȥһ̹޳ûͱڵ˸סˡ
λ鷳ȻǴһ̹
޳ͷûأǸո˵æûʱλй
ոŹã͸ҽæ
ԼԣֲȥãǣСأС֪Լַʳ
СûӦôһԱߵĲݵأǱߴĿζԣǲǮģ˼ҲҲ˼ȥ䡣
޳յСԱߣǱ߾ˡ
ˣˮأ콽ˮ壡ҦһУ޳ĶŻ
ģ鷳ɾʹˡ
һתͷȥ֪ĸĿŻˣڿȼţá
Ӹְ˽ŵŻŪˮͰȥǿûйֻߴߴţŻǯŻĶ߷ŵˮͰЩ˲Ű
ʱ޳ŷֿʵʯͷģݶˣһֱڵջû£ܱ߻ͰˮΧŸԲΧưڷš
һˮۣ̿һ߻ǵȥֱӾˮۣһӾͱʪӴĻᶼûУ׼ʮ׵
ŻĶˮͰһóǿܿһ״ߺ˭㣬ôöԵİ
˷ʳҪǴģ
Ԫ룬˫һشģո˵û죬Ҫһš
ط強Ⱥһţʲôʲôҵôˣ
ȥ˵㿾⣬ôأ
޳
һܳԵĶǰԵҲѡ
޳ҡͷһطļ򣺡ɣԲԲ͵ȥˮøҳԣƵõȵ±ӡ
ط֪ϣʮˬ죺Уأأ㿾ȥͳԵġ
ˮ޳뿪Ŀһֱ޳ӰǱ߻һ£ûþͼط߹ʱŵָٵأ񱶼ˡ
طˮԲԲͶһʱ򣬻һ¡
Ҳûʣӷŵ沼ϣȻ˵ȳţ㻹Ҫһźã˾ͽǣԼȥá
˵Ϳ첽ˣЩûᡣ
ԲԲſˮطıӰһѣŲߣ޳شãҪϲش磬ͱôһ㣬Ҫηηģش޳㶼Ǵֵˣ̫н˸ǿ϶
׼Ҷûûҿ׼ҴҲͦõģҲ׼Ҷһѡ


239 
ãֹشã
ôû˵ؼҲֻطһʲôʱֶһ
ˮﾪȼˡ
ѹָոֹ˵ÿ˵ô࣬ԣոشֹ˼
ǣشһأǲǹˣ
ˮôһ룬ָԿʱԴһ㡣
޳տļɱط忿׶ˣ㿾õʱ򣬽ƽƵģûһսģһ߶̲ס̾Ư
ԪȺͶҦҲ˹żֻõ㾪̾
㿾Ҳ̫Ư˰ɣû뵽ֹôáҦ֣һߵģ
ԪûôţҲǾȺֹͣգȷʵƯ
޳ۣнһȥԲԲǷһ֣ٿֻ
ЦԶӿ˺ü⣬ô˵Ҳеղǣ
ãҵȻ͹ȥҦ˵ٲȥȻôˡ
ҦˣûУ׷Χ޳㣬ΧſվһȦҲȡ
ط嵱˶ĶҲּҶżһֹͻȻðһãһ˵Ǽٵġ
Ȼոںطط˵ֲ֪ⱻ֪Ժȥˡ
޳￾⣬ǲǴ̽ʱ
ֹش𣿡һӸʵҲһؿ޳
˭֪طؼӣطͻȻðһãҲ֪ؼλʲô뷨
޳㷭һ棬ˢͣ˹ǣСʱھӡֿõģȥطꡣ
ʵϣھӣھֻǴͨö˵ģ©˵
ǵʮʮ˰ɣǶϵóԪҲòš
ǵطСʱͳģνš
Сʱط˽ʱһϯʱĸȥյؼҵط壬ССģ汻ؼˣѧʱһСɾģ
ֻǲ֪ط巢ʲô裬鲻ˣԼͷӣ㵱ŵģˣҪСһ𳤴岻ʱһ棬ϲ
޳һЦʲôϲģһ۾ϳˡ
ô棿һӸ羪̾
ѽҲú档ҵòû䣬ҲǴϳԭɡ
޳Цţط嶼Ѿһģط廽СõʱǱʶΪǰ˾طˡ
棬ܶ˶Сš
˵ĸ飬ʱȷʵ
òûĻϳȷʵ֡ԪȵͷԱߵһȥһһ߿һ޳Ժ𣿡
ԺܰɣڻУȣһʱͻȥˡ
Ԫ˼ȣǾǳط磬ûʲôˣؼһطûһЩ֧
ǲؼڣǸҶҲûﻹҪȥǶðҿشĸҲһӸ罫Ԫеɻ˳
޳ҡҡͷʲôˣܣɽɽǿԼɣһѣҲԼֲֻУؼҿڴѾˣҲʲôѽ
ǵҲǡӸͬصͷ޳ָ߿˼ۡ
ӵܣûٿﳤһЩԶݻ߿˳۵Ԯ֣ϧû޳ľ
˾Լң͸ͬȵĵλͲƸ֮ͿʼҵΪŪߵԽԽˡ
̫鷳մ˻˦һ˦ҪǮ˾ײ˵ѪżⶼҪܵӰ졣
ΪЩ֪Ͻ𱨡Ū˵ˣüﳤԸֳֺõ顣
ˣ˵ҪһӶ԰ɣһӸ̽ͷʡ
ԡ޳̧ͷôˣ
Ҳûʲôʲô£ǹտ׼ǱиͻᣬǶҪȥ˾һϷʲôġҸ׼ҹҲе㽻飬ԸҪһҪҪһȥ
˼ҪǵȦˡ
ЩҹСһֻǸС͸ʱ򣬻ǿѧһЩģĶԶԼܽӴõġ
Ļᣬ޳ȻæеĹߣλĹӱȭлǾͶлϹˣȴ֮ҾͲˡ
ϻȭӾˣæҲȭȥһˣסظ԰ɣ
ǵġ޳ͷ
УʱҪ͸͵ظȥ
Ա߼Ӽϻô죬¾ͺϻˡ


240 ʲô
޳֪Ϊʲôϻ̧ߣڲԶֳһţûֵͦġ
Цʲôôģڸط궫ߵ޳ʡ
޳ҡҡͷûʲôǸ鿴á
һ˵ЩҶٶһЩԹģǼʵʱ򣬿ЩʲôӸƵģֳһƬġ
ط忴Զһŵļˣ֣ƽһģ治Ҳһﲻǣ
Ҳԡ
޳ͷ㷭棬طϲʲôŮӣȻֶ£ԥһ£ʳ˿ڣ磬ֶ硭ʲôϵ
ţǸʲô⣿
վһ߿Ԫ䡣
طĿӿŲ䵽޳ϣһͷˮʲôʲôϵ˾ѣɶ
С⣬ʵͦĪġ
޳ϸϸһطı飬ȷûѣ˿
ϣӵһɩɩġ
޳ٴȷϡ
ô̼ԪȵĶøֱˡ
طЩһֱûȢޣֶҲǣԭΪ
͵Ԫȼװؽⷭһ棬װæµ
ط뵽ϱּӢһĻȭͷÿ죺ӳ紸ǧĻ
ҧгݵӲ٣޳ķˡ
ԣһлһɩӵǲǣ޳Цųطһ°͡
طɾͲܱ֤ˣ°ͣ˭֪أԵְɣ˾УʾûС
Ԫ̾ԭûŶ׿һˣΪʲôʰء
ط岻̸̫·ڼﱻĸ߻һܿ˿Ԫȣûˣת˻⡣
Ԫ˰ǰЩǲ˵Ҳ
ϳŲǸ˵˵˵صģҶҲ֪Ҫ˵µʲô
޳һעһֱߵԪȣطûҲ͵ˣ¡
Ԫ䡣
ţطɴ۾ô˵ûѾתƻ
޳ƳһۣҸĵĻɶأ
طͷŶŶŶΪڰҽء
Ǵͺá
ʲôʱ죿طһִ޳ϣСʣΪǲء
Ҳãܵиʽ֡
ȥͰɣ̫á޳˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ȻѾһˣܹ鲻׵ģã˵ӦҲǺڴİɣ֮ǰڳЧ续ĻϣĽһֱǵõġ
ô죿
ѽ׼ˣʱȥֱ飬ɹĻֱӰãҲǸһϲɡ
ط˴ĴָһŮӻҶûġ
Բ취װ޲õ£Ҷ԰ȥǵ˺ڣһǵȻȥգʱĵֲģһ˷취
еѶȡطһ˼
Ҷճ˵ĳ̶ȣ޳뿪ȷʵҸʵɣһܽģҪȻѾͷƵҹҲŸϻȥ
˵˵ϸƻɣȻ롣
Ҹ߻ɣȥ˵
аɡʱ컹ǼԼ֣
ѵ˰ɣҸĹϵʵԽ֪Խá޳˵ţ̾һ
ϣʱ򶯾СһЩɣ֪˶ˣЩлνˣҶѹ¶ǲҪٷΪá
˵Ԫˡ
ԭֹҪطæˣ֪Ĳһ
񣬻ܽƭȥȻֱӰ
Ҫ鲻ɹô죿
˵ӦǴɲɿʼͬκᣬһʮ裬һһĲǣֹЩ̫Ϲذ
ֹ˼滮ģ
Ԫк棬ûסѯʣǸֹܱǸոһ䣬Ҫף
޳ͷԡ
˼ӦɣҸոĻȻЩĲãˡֱԣҾδɷ̫ã»ᱻ˵лʱҲá
£ãŮ⣬ֹҪòףҪĻԹֹҲ̫á
޳ԣطһۣ˶̲סЦ˳
ԪЩɻ󣺡˵ò𣿡
ûûС޳Цڰ֣ܶԣҲܿôֱԲظ˵ЩллӡЩ⣬ȫճĻ߳ĻܵʱǵĻ񷴶ôˡ
Ԫظһɻ
׻ʲô𣿲һ̣Ҳͳ˲ְˡ


241 
ǵģҲˣҪҳ׵ҲһλŮӣѾˣˡ
պпܳΪСˣҲȥ޳Ҳֱ˵ˡ
ԭǴٵһЩʱգҵгɣ˼ʵĸףʱ˵ЩʲôлҲȵ˵
ֻǰʱǹͬѳףҷ˿ĽʱҲܲҾţҪȰѻˣģʡҳŰµʱڼɹԲ˯õġ
ˣû취ճϰһһؾص£ӱܣýҷˣʱɾ̸Ͼϲˡ
Ȼʲôû˵Ϊˣôܲ
Ѿʼߵˣ죬һμּӢҲôһ£ľѾʼеˣϾ˯ѹֱܵüҲ÷ſ֡
ĵĲ̫ˣʲôû˵һΪ޲ʾеĲͿ־塣
ôһֱôţҵгɣͣ
һİģʲôɲȥ
ֲʲô¡
ԪȻȻ򣺡ԭˣȷʵܰճߡһᱣܵģֹġ
ԭ׶ǸŮӣѹ˲Ѱ·ҲûѰ·߰
Ԫૣ޳Ŀ˲˼顣
û뵽ֹǵ˾ȻλŮӡ
ңֹ￴ͦλŮӵģǲ֪λŮӸǺεȷɣŮҲΪ
ԪֹһȻЦſڣ֪ʱɷּһϲƺȣ
Ԫ⻰ǳ޳ϡ
޳ϵЦ˼ģֻҪкþֻǳ׵ĵطǸСسǣҪȥĻ·Ͼ͵ء
ԪȶˣСسǣ
ѽˣ޳Цʡ
Ԫȸæ֣ûûУǣΪҲһСء
ǿҪʧˣأһͨСϰգСӪҲͱȵײϰܶϼˡ޳Цģõװ̵ݸʿˮط壬һ߸Ԫ˵
Ԫ¸Ӳˡ
ϼ޳ĵһۣȻòʣЩӸʱ˿ԱӣһȣϻǣźƷαطƥһЩʶΪҲĳĳС㡣
û뵽ֹԭƶƥӦҲǻԵɺϵõġ
ҲûϵģǳƴģܲصסԼС
ˣԼҲܴ¼һһġ
ֹ͸¶Ϣ֮Ҳڳռһϯ֮أˣƶΣԪȽѣֻƷ
Ԫ֪޳ҲļҾˣʼ˼ԼûʱμĻˣ죬ذңһΪһ£ʱҲ㳤ȥʱҸ˵˵
Ļûأѵݹȥ͸ףǹȥո֣Ķ
ãʱҾͶһϯλû˲ϲԼף޳Ҳ⡣
ԪȻ˵ЩʲôͼǼ֪ʲôʱѾͣսˣ졣
ôˣ𣿴ԶŵζˣһӸδȵ
޳Цؿǣõ㶼װãֻʣµȫǡ
˽ӹ㣬һѷСǱȥˡ
⼸Сӣ֪ԣԪҡҡͷ
ʱֻ֣Եʱ򣬱ӵȹ顣
û£⻹УҸһʣµһ㿴ŰŰɡ
޳˵ŸȺҲԼģûȨţԲѾƤˣžͲˣֻŸԪȰš
ҲʥĸģǾãǲҪϵŪ̫ˣϾ֮׼ҵͻϿܻҪϣҪǱǲϣ²
ʱŮ֮Ļ棬ЩӾԼϵãҲֱӸԼͷ
ԪȲ֪޳ǶСǵĶԹһ㣬֪ոպһֱû˸Ⱥ͵ȥʣ飬һѿ⴮ЦſڣҾȥ͸ЩˣҲǳ
Ҳá޳Цŵͷû뵽ôϵţ⡣
ʱʱƮĿζͲòУۿطͶҦ˶ʳ̹ȴһû߿һۣﶼеʧ䡣
Ԫȶӹȥʱ򣬾ͱȺˢˢ񶢵ýµٶȶҲܰߣֻӲͷƤǰλǱ߿Щ⣬ЩλҪ


242 
λСͱ㹴û궼ƮˣԪô˵æ֣أŵ˿ζŹȥִζû뵽ȸ˹ˡ
ѽ㣬ǴĸЩСʳûζˡ
Ԫȿɨһۣ˵˵ֻλû˵ǿӵĿȴڴ
Ԫ˿ϲͳɣЩСƲЩĴֲڵĳʳء
ǰӵݸһλã֮ǰһĸλﲻϲĳͷˡϲǱ߻ʳģԵĻܹȥ˵
ĻģǾлӵĿˡӹӵλС㳯Ԫл
Ԫȸæ֣زأʵҲһ˿ģֻ⣬ֹ￾ģոշʱһҲģҿɲҾӹȻ͵ˣҾȻȥˡ
Ԫ˵꣬΢΢ףȻֱת뿪
СԪȵĻûס
ֹǲǸոǸǸûʶֵĹ
ոսûˣǻΪ
˳ĬһĬظ˭ûȥ㣬Ե棬ֻʣ¿ʱֲɵٴ
ҪǾͳ˰ɣͦϧģԺΪˡһ۰Ͱ͵ضſ㣬Щԥ˵
㿾ýƽƵģ⿴žʳָ󶯣ټ⿾ⶼˣζû˿ζۣԵø㡣
ﶼͲģջ󣬶̲סͷͬոλĻ
ǡǾͿķϣ鷳ˣʶ࣡
С㻥࿴˱˴һۣȴҶͷ֮󣬲űõĿӿʼ㡣
һڣһ̲ס̾ţóԣζƤִ࣬ۻһҪ
˵žſּһӣ³ٳһڡ
˿ɾ;ˣҲ˵ĬĬسţƵﻹƽĶׯ
˵һ仰Ҫٳһڣ˭ɵðɣ
Сǳǿάһ棬ӸǱ߾Ͳˡ
˵Ѿֺÿһ˳Եÿ˳ԵԵĿģûסҪԵġֵֵǲƺϾͳ˻һĻ
Ӹǰܣſ׷һ׷һߺţǲֵܣֵܷһôˣ
ǰܵıֵҪԣҪòȻαӣ
ԪǻڣæȥѰԼǷݣԼ㻹úõطСϣʱľͰˡ
ãڡ
øϽע⵽֮ǰԵС
ԪôţӣŸոԼ㣬Աһ˲Ͷ˼˫۾
ȻոλѾ׷ˣѾֵˣڴնѹ׼Ҳֵ
Ԫȣ
⼸ӻôô죡ת
Ԫ˼תϵĶԶһ£żֵܵעϣ͵һˣԼӽŵĨһˡ
ӸȾ׷һ£磬磬ͣ£ֻһڣһڣĲƭ㣡
ԶԶԣһڡ磬Ŀֵʳֻʿˮ𣿡
ԪĿϵٶȸˣͷҲأİôˣǱ׷ˣǲԼĶƾʲôҪҵģھ;
ȳٺͺã
ѽ磬Ǻֵܡ
ͷֵֵԣ
⻰˵ãΪֵܲҪ
޳Լһ߳һ߿Ǵ֣ǶûЩҲ̫ЦЩСеһƴ
֪еЩĶšׯһ㶼һ
Ԫȣʶ˵ոǻоֹͶ䣬ʶΪڼҸһҵģػչˣû뵽ҲȤһ档

ģԿôطһֻ֬ӵݵҶĸǰЦеʣ۾һķƺֻҪҶĵͷ̾ͻҶĵͷϡ
ҶѾϰطһǧĵϰߣε̾˿סط˵֣ĸЩòϣͲҪƷˡ
ѽ⺢ӣ⻰˵ãⶼԼҵӣƷˣ
ط˺ЦصĶͷϵľã˵ˣЩôòˣտ׼ǱͻᣬҴ޳ȥˣԺǣĨ׳ײˡ
ʱͻС㹫Ӷȥʱɾ޵ĳˣ޳ɲһôôѰΰ͵ƷεģҪȻñ˼Цˡ
С㹫һͻѽ
ҶĹǸѾ


243 
ط˿ҶĵľнֽŵԼϥģҲعڵģʱҴ㣬ǿҵϣҲû˸ΪǣķŵȥɡأǳģЩˡ
ط˵ţҶ˳ƽ֬Ҷĵķϣߣȥģƹ˵յһϵȵĻȹȥһʣµȥ
ط˵ģҶҲ֪ôֻܾøˡ
濴ƹȻҪţطһ˵ҪĻƹʾȥˡ
ط˺Ҷһż䣬Ѿ˸ɫϺõͱ͵űˡ
طصͷһߵƹ͵Աӻ֣ʾ뿪
ģЩطҶߵӱߣһתͷҶĻε΢΢ҡҡͷ˸ӣ⺢ӣôһ춼ӣ޳Ǻˣ
ҶտȾһĨɫһ½ţĸ
طһɫ֪Լ¶ˣҲЩ̾˵ĸ鿴ԽĺˣҲŷֿ죬ľʱʱҲ֪Ǻǻ
ĸǲ¶ˣѽôѵѡʲôȥ͸֮䣬żиСϲҲǺŶ
ҶԳط˿ȥֻطЦеؿԼȥԼüŪ۵ġ
ҶԼ˸޳֮⣬ûи޳͹ʲô෴޳ȴԼЩС
Ȼܶ඼ֵǮǣ޼۵ġ
ÿ¹ؼҿЩСԼһƣɢ˲٣޳͸ЩСʱһѰӣ֮ˣҪ׵ģ
ҶЩüĿԾҲŲԾ̡
طĬشģ֪ЩʲôõˣҲûţԼߵһȥЩߡ
˵ҲþûиͶأʱҲøһһЩСˡ
Щʲôأ
ط󿴿ҿĿһɵϣⷢڡ
˵ʱʶΪһ񷢹ء
Щصķڲ֪˶٣񷢹ڸǸʽֻһƺӺÿһЩ
ط˽ĴУָϸľ»ƣ°ˡ
طԼѡˣ̧ͷȥѰҶģͼҶԥʲôԾľ
ط߹ȥһҶеķֱһ֧ưһ֧
۹⵹ǲ֧ƷֻưǺãǹڰʽģ̫ʺŮӴֻǲŮԿɣ޳Ÿոպã磬ţҲ󡣡
طվҶߣ˵ԼĽ顣
Ҷ룬ط˵еưȷʵЩǴŲμʲôϯĻҲ̫ʺϣе̫ҷĸоڵݺ͵λù
Ǹʴųϯϯط˵Ե˸ǫһЩƽҲ

֧ϲĻͶһɣŴҲɡط˼ҶĻŷԥɴҲѡˣⷢһһҲûʲôϲźˡ
ҶĽ֧ŵתط˵лǾллĸˣ֧ŶϲҾͲˡ
Уٿİɣ˷зʲôģ˾ͰʡȥˣҪûǮʱ
ط˽װŷĺŵһߣոѡõİһĿһϣЩ档
ôѡ֧ưѽԼ϶ǲģҪ͸޳ĻʽҲ̫ðɣȻΪ¶ȽƫӣɱϾҲӣʽ𣿡طɻʳ
Ůһ𣬽һ͸һȴõģ׽յһᣬΪϲʵӣһ֮϶
Ҷ΢΢һЦЩɬЩۣ֪ʽӣ͸һҲ̫ʡ⣬µҲӣҪ⣬Ҽٸ棬ҲӶװ⡣
Ҿţߵʱ򣬴ǸӣȴľҪһЩ
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ȻܻỵҾãҪһЩ
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244 
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ҶԼҲʼ׼ţطǱܵڣû޳߸طҲصġ
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245 ϲ
׼ҵͻڵطһͽ˹ź޳Ҷ˺úô磬ʡͻϰ޹ⱻ˿ȥ
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246 
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247 
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248 
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ͻ᲻磬ǻ׼㹻ʳǰԵĽԿȡ
ǰλҲûӦλ¿׷ˣе˸վڰźõλá
޳첽صҶߵʱҶڳԵĳԵ𣬵޳ãеĵĵݵߣóԣƼģ㳢
޳ſھҶĵֽĳˣȷʵ
ԪȺϻ޳ͷ̽Լǰĵ˹ȥͬﻹС
쳣ǵط岻ɶ࿴һۡ
غ޳ߵļ˵ľٶصͷ
ŸոǼ죬޳ܽʶͬˣһǶżҡϼңǲģֵýύ
޳⺢ӣȷʵм
ʱ׷˴ŮλǰվãʼΪͻ˵ЩףеҲ
޳˼䣬ⳡӰУΪ˶´Ƶģûʲô˵ĵطʼСĴܱߵ˹ƾ͸Źƣǿ׷˵ʲôȴһֶû
ÿ׷˽ʱҲô䣬֮Ǵɻʱ䡣
Ҫ˸ԳԼĿѰȥʱǰ˾ɢ߰˰˵ˡ
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ģĸȥˡҶĻ˵һ룬ͱ߹ط˴ϡ
طǰҶĵ֣һһЦظ޳˵޳Ľһ໣úȻͻ
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ط˴Ҷȥˣôֹܻأ
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߰ɣǿȥҶĸطˣ޳ܷģת˵ôһ䣬ȥ
·Ԫߵʱ޳̧ͷÿԪȿҶȥıӰۣͣ˽Ų
ˣ⣡
޳طͷβһֱߵֺγû¾Ͳµʲô˼ԼλֵͶȥĿ⡣
˭ãƫƫλͳ˫ɶԵã۹⣬Ҳǣ֪ôۡ
طλֵ֪һ̵ı飬ûסҡҡͷң̫ˣ
ʹˣطҲ죬˫һ̧ſߣ߰ɣȥ˵ν˲ɿ
ʱ̫̣޳ҲȷԼ뷨ԲԣɫջԼԪϵĿ⣬̧Ÿطȥ
ˮһžȥѰ޳һˣò׵Լĸ˵껰Ҫȥ޳ȴԼĸȥС˵ۼط޳ǰвż


250 ͻ
׼ҴСתͷһԼЩ겻ã֪ĸûע⵽ߣĵȥɣĸӦ
ˮһ죬˳ȥ
ٻ԰ڡ
ΪغԴŽܵԵʣͻһʼ޳ųǰͱһѹСǸΧסˣ׽ġ
òһһӦȥˮҪ˵ˡ
Ҷ˻޳ʿˮӣ۵øʲôƵģææˮȡ
޳͹󱭲ˮֻ˺һ֮󣬼޳ûʲôˣҶĲȥһ߿һ߸գپգϲ⣬ɹҩ
޳Щ֪ҲǻÿҶôһ˵˺ģּҶ˵һ棬һָԱߵһ껨أ
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ֹһװ磬ǰڽ⾫ˡˮĸ̾
ڽ⣬޳һټһʲôƶûи·޶ľƵľǸЩӸ绹ǸЩʵЩ롣
գȻҲδµĴ磬ͷϵľ˰ֲҲϺõɫ֯泤ȹٴһʣϲȺ嵱еһԱһ
֮ǰĹˮ֪һֻǻѣҲܱ仯ô
ˮһޣһ̬ǵҶĺɵؿ޳ˣĸ
޳һƼҶĲɫ۵Ⱦһ˿Ц⣬ͷ׷ߡ
ȻֱӸˮкС޳ãֹﷴЩˡ
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Ҷıˮˣ޳û¸ɣ˸ԿҶĵĵط³Զһ߹۲԰ĹСǡ

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׷ҡҡͷܹе㲻еȱ۵СŮֻøŮƺͣҲȥɣöߡ
˵ڷ˰ѻתĵطȥˡ
ƺʹЦһ£΢΢˹Ҳ˳ȥ
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ոտ׷˵ʱˮվˮֻһ㣬Ѳ¡޳Ц˵̲סҶڵķƮˣҽ޳طá
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251 
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ոչʱͼһֱǱߣԼʱҲֻԼû˵䣬߾תǱȥˡ
ͦõġ޳ͷȥʯϵĸ㣬һֿգعͷȥŷָ㲻֪ʲôʱѾԹˡ
޳ȥõԵģҪԵʲôһ
ˮҡͷллˣȥɡ
С޳ˡ
ϻȻڸԼֵǴţʵעһֱ޳ϣʱ޳뿪æ˸ˣһ·޳뿪ķ׷ȥ
ԪȼѵڣڵĶȴǼɻ޳а̾
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һԵĹӼԪҡͷ֪һʲôһۣˢˢյԪȸǰģԪȣʵ˵ϻǲеʲô
ѽѽ˵˵
Ԫȿϻ뿪ķҡͷ̾ȴʲôû˵
⸱ӣӸǸˣˣԪȣͱҴˣǲֵܰ
ԪһѰƿʲôðԵģһнĵ˼ЩûˣҲ𳳳ˡ
Ҷ
ӸǼתͷոȺֿʼЦ壺ԪҲеϽ˵λˣ
ԶԶԣֵ˵˵λԪֵķۡ
Ԫȱֵòʤ䷳Ҷĵķһͷ廨ȹǸǿɱ
Ǹһü˼ǸףҸոտطһؼˣ
Ԫȵͷǰɣطõļˣؼеϵ
ӸһԪȼϣüŪۣѽԪ֣ҪǸؼҳףҿɾǰ;ˡ
ԪȴǶⷬЩϲϵĿ˵ЦˣֻĽļ޹أĪҪҲ²⡣
ӼԪһ֣صӣæȭúúã˵ӣԪˡ
Ԫһ´Ĭˡ

Ҷڰٻ԰ǰûʲôˣ޳Ӹǰѡµĸ㣬Ҳûȡ˸װţ̫࣬Сһʱ仹еԾ
ϻһţͼ޳ѡ㣬ɫԾᣬɫװԼҲʳӣùһߵ޳ǰ
޳Ϊѡһ᣿ϻš
޳תͷһϻ΢΢һЦѽô࣬һʱ仹治֪һ
ܺóԣӦϲ
ϻ˼һģΪ޳Ƽ޳ﲻҾ͸Ƽ
޳һ˼ǿԣϻӦûٲμӹֻЩԵĺȵģҲ˽ⲻ١
ôһ룬޳ҲˣǾˡ
ϻԣϵЦֲһЩеæңǡҾ˵ˡ𻨸ͲõʵĹģɹĹ𻨸ζǵһЩҲһ˿޵Ĺ㣬ҲӦյķΧʺϿζ̸һЩģܽظ⡭
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ϻѡԼܵĸ㣬еĹĶԼˣظ޳Ƽûĸ㡣
ʱ޳ͷ˺üָСʳ֡⡭ϻƼЩ
޳ѵòˣǿڸ˵ϻлϹӣлЩ͹ˣȳЩ˵ɡ
ϻĸɫ㣬ȷʵеˣδͣҲãҪ޳ﻹʲôҪҡ
ģҪ㣬ҹƻԥһ޳ºһЦϻĸм
ϻϵЦݻһۣһȣ޳æתͷȥװѡʳ޳ϲͺá
޳Цôÿ
ĿһڳʳɨϻһϵƷ룬޳ҪҪ׼ҵҲǲġ
޳߿ȥһ۾ͱȪָ˹ȥ
ȪʲôƷ
ϻһ㶣ڵĻ˻ȥľƣˮɫԴ˵޳ǶȤ
е㡣֮ǰժȥҲ˲٣ѾȴûҲ֪ζΡ


252 һ
ҰһƿȻľưиҵζһôǣƺŲڸ֮һ˿ͦʺŮӺȵġ
ϻ޳ֱ߷ӣֻֿ϶ûˣԸ°æ
ѾѾװˣһСƿҲ࣬һ˵ѣҲ㡣
ˣл鷳ˣǰѡ㣬ǰæþƵġ
޳еⲻȥû뵽Ϲôġ
ϻæ֣޳ˣǾ֮͡
ϻҲѡҪԵĶ˲ƴǰ
˰ٻ԰޳ϻ֮ǰԼڵĵطеһ̸£ϻϹӰѾƷͺˣллҰ͵Ǳȥһ£ʧ㡣
ϻһ޳ָķƽصͷãҸˣҵȻҲȥԪǡ
߻еˣƤҲϧոջĿ׼ҴС粻֪ȥֻԼ޳ˣ˿˶޳á
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ѽǳ⼸ıȽ϶أζ嵭Ҳ׸ɿʡһλСҲЦŴ
Ҷ͵͵ţķƣȻҶ˵óԣЩһͦģһҲԲ꣬𹼸˳ʦġ
ǿɾͲˡˮЦȥ㣬ոǹʱûȡԵĹһȺСҵģ˭˼ԸͣԳһЩˮﻹеա
СǼˮ֣Ҳ׷˸ӡ
ˣġ֪һ߳Ÿ㣬һҶĵķŲȥ
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ˮ˼ɣҲһһ˵仰Ͳµʲô˼ˣЩˣæתƻҲֻͻԺӿЩСϷĴͶյȵȣҿҪһȥƣ
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һ˵޳ŵҶľеֹסͷߵļֻ֮УûüҶĻعʱԺѾ˲٣˶ͣԼĶŶԡ
Ҷʶʲô˫ձ죬æ죬۵ЦҲ˲޴롣

ڽЩʲôѽ
´Ҷ֪޳ܴɱˣ᲻󰡣
޳ڰٻ԰ʼĸ󣬴ʱվڹź棬ֻһǽ֮Լ¼ϲֻоԼ˷·µ۹ƵģĶ̹òС
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ѾںȦΧˣû뵽СѾͷԼҪͦߣⶼ⡣
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ⶼʮˣϰãɼѾܺˣģαؽ档޳Ҷ뿪ڵλãλøһ߸οҶġ
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254 ร
޳ոյһ֣ԺﰮļСҵʲô֪һڱ˻Ծʱһѷ伷޳Ҷĸǰ˲뵽ԼϷС
޳ûʲôɾܾģﶼ棬˭涼һ
ˣ׳ˡ޳º͵ػӦ˵롣
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佫еĹһߵˣߵ޳ǰɫ΢ֹﲻƢԻǼ壬֪ûҳΪֹѣ
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ˮ֪ҶԭΪ޳ӮüЦ޳첲Ķʧתҧгݣɻ
ĶһۣĬظߵҶĵһߣҲֱۡ
ˮĲҪȻֱһЩ˲ģ޳Ϊûлġ
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ҶȻ޳ܽӴе㲻ģҲѿѹеȥԶ̸ˣӸˮ֪һͶյϷ޳̸
ϷҲЩҶһӾ;ˣҵȲ޳Ѱ˸ԼԺҸطϢһۿٻ԰һûˣֱӾ͹ȥˡ
˵طŷϻһû꣬һƿװʲôȵĶҶĿһʣµĸǰ޳һ̸߶ơ
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256 Դ
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257 ʧ
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259 һ
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260 
Ҷ󣬻Լֻ֮ϵΪڱˣ޳ô嶼
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ӡʧ֮ǰҶ˵ʲôԺţԷҽڲȥˣʵؼһֵòС
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Щ޳ҲֻǷ룬и˵Ե֣Ȼÿˮط岻ϲĻҲù֣ʡõʱˮ˵øԵ
ȻЩ޳˵ֻһЩСҲ͹ȥˣһͽСԼҪУǵʱոյظʱ˵õҪȥظĻ￴
ӡڸε˼֮ӡȥҶҲڲÿؼ˾ˡ
һ˵Ҫȥ˳޳Ҫţǰ޳ŵ̬ȽȻ෴
Ҷһ׼ȥҪõĶһ߸޳죺Ҳ֪ǻжĸ˵ɴء
ȥ֪ˡ
޳ŶһһεģͲʰʲô˫۾ͺˡ
Ҳԣȥ˵Ƕþûء˵Ҷľ;µֻΪһڱӣͷһ
ʱ죬оûʲô͹ȥˡҶ̾š
һæҲҲȹ˼ҵʣˡȹ꣬վˣǾЩأ㲻ϲ𣬵ʱĸЩ֣һƬʲôʱ򿴶ɡ
޳˵ţ۽ǶǶδ㽡
Ҷ߹£ʱǱȻģֻǲӦöֻԼǲҪµصģػ;ء
ţ޳ͣһһȣʣʲô;
Ҷ߹֣е㲻˼ֳɼ֣һԼԼһֲӤãһֲ浽ֿţԱʱ֮衣
ȻЩһֱû޳Ӥõ£ӤóģȫİպһЩܳʲôԭĶоĴٹ˵ƿʹʱǸӤԲڣкܶӤҪҲΪǳһ
޳֣̲סһЦãİš
Ҷļ޳ԥûоӦԼ飬̲֮࣬סе㲻˼
Ǯö࣬Ҿˣ㡭
޳ͷ֣촽Һܿġ
Ҷļ̌ͷ촽һ𣺡
ģš֮ʲô
ϲˣɰ֪ͣͼд󰮣ЩررõĶҰˣ߱ЩƷʣҲӦÿ𣿡
޳ڣ˵úÿһÿһ䶼˵û֣أ˵ϵĴʣҶĶɫ˫ۣоؿʲôĶٶԽԽ졢ԽԽ
ۼҶıཱུ޳ͷһڣµҲˮȣ׼𣿺˵ĻǾͳɡ
̫ˣٿȥĻͿˡ
ҶĻعԼ̵գҲȥҲˮȣˣȿˮߡ
һ˵ʱ޳ֻ˵ؼң˵һƬ˵һɽɽŻŴƬƬũһ㣬ֲũĵطǴƬɫĻ
纣ڿ׸ٻ԰ͻֽȻͬ飬ڰٻ԰ȻĻֺܶ࣬վֻһСԺӣ̧ͷܿΧǽվñˡ
Ұ⻨ͲһһͷһƬֵĶͬһֻžǾлȻʡ
ɽϻֲŸʽֲҩֲУɽϻ޽ȵͤԼһЩĽ
ɽл˶໹⣬ɽҲ٣ɽԱ߻һЩ̻С޳ɽŵڴȡŷѣ׵ľӪģʽˡ
޳ǣҶغ򸾺棬ɸ̾ǲĸӪʽڼҲ׬Ǯ
ƱͲ˵ˣֻһǮ⻨ʢÿҲвٽɽϵĵ̺С̯λ⣬бĲȵȣָͷ㣬޳û뵽⻨׬١
غʧЦҪһЩ˼ģļˮ＾𣬻άЩ߰˰˵ģÿܲǺõˣҵҲûҪ׬Ǯſеʱ䣬ɢɢʲôģǺɽ̫壬ɴͷ˽ˣ⼸Щ̻ϢҲȷʵ˲١


261 
ⷬ޳Ŷе̲סơ
Ǯˣôһɽ˼ҵֻΪɢɢĶѣֱʣǣҲؼҲôԡ
СͽССɽͱߵС̯˹ȥҪ㻨ǮǣվǰȥС̯
·øԼƵġ
޳Ҷǰߣһ߿΢΢ҡҷĻ䣬С죬ǰͳǺ«
ͷһǽС
Сϳ˵ݹϵСùĹҵģһСߴûǺõĵط֧Ҳ˲ٸոС̯õսƷ
޳㣬ԡɺóˡСǺ«˷ܡ
޳Ǻ«ӹЦ㶼ûԣô֪ɺóˣ
СѾͷһֻǸСء
СɬһЦֱȥ¶һ˿˿Ȼ֮ǰԹԵ̫ˣóˣǺ«ɺóˣÿءĸС̯ĳʳóҺ͸綼֪ҪԸ˵ǰζõġġ
ãллСҪ㡣޳Դ
Сǵõ˼ĹƵģһܵСǱȥˡ
޳Ǻ«ݸҶģ
ҶĽӹһҧһڣţȷʵҲԡ
˵ŽԼҧһڵǺ«ݵ޳ߣ޳һüͷҧһɽ髡
ó԰ɣҶͣЦ
޳еɽȥȷʵģҲ
̷ϸ֪ɽϸ˼Ҷ࣬ԶѲţɽȥѣͦ㡣
һҶľ޳ͷжӸÿеǺ«ֵ˹ȥȫȻ޳лһ
޳ͷҧһ
ںط˿ԶһҪһͬһ첲һغ񣺡Сڣѧѧ˼ңʱ͸ľͷƵġ
غ񣺡
ʲô
غôˣ֪ط첽ȥ͸о䱻һ£ͷһǽСڡ
СھǺ«һɣزǺ«
غͷһںҲһͷ΢Ц
غ룬Ǻ«˹СڵԴãллСڡ
ɣ˽ѧѧСأⲻˣǼʱꡣ
СЦҡͷ
ŵСܵǰȥеһطˣطһϡ
òױط˷ŹСһԶˣŽС·߲֪ڿʲôСģʱʱЦ
طǺ«ҪԣȻԱߺһֱӽеǴֱֱ촽
طˣ
ΪʲôЩ˵ܲ˵ز
˲ˣԼǲԲϹ
غ֪޾Լҷûԣͦɻ󣺡ˣ
ôˣͦĽǰͷС
ط˰غһۣ֪ûˣҲͲ˵ˣſҧһɽ髣̧žǰߡ
غͷɻˣһͷˮȥ־Ǻ«ͼԼҷٳһڣȴƵƵõ˵İۡ
ںǺ«һһģЦòС
˵⻨ֻԶ۲棬Ƕط˵ԼĶô涼֡
Ǻ«ط˾Խܻȥˣغεظ棬űҧһɽ髵Ǻ«Ҷ޳͵͵Ц
޳ģһѽطվڻ泯֡
ߺǵܿ˵ƵƵĿ
ôܻȥˣ̫ûЩһüͬؿغ򸾡
ЩɲûţӦǲģ㲻š
⻰·ߵİ̯һͷ˸ţæСȰ裺˵С⻰˵ãǷɽӣ˵ȥˣǷŻˣҲֲ˵ѽ
ϵıһ װʲôû첽뿪ԭء
СͷҡҡͷҲˣŻû⣬תͷȥ޳Ҷģɽϰ˺ü̯ӣûؼҷ򸾴أ֪ǲؼҪϲˡ
޳Ҷط˵ʢ֮Ҳ˻֮УСںͽСҲһ̽ȥˣڻ׽Բء
طժһ俪õɫջţҶĹ㽫ջͷȥȻ˿һ´ţƵƵͷÿ
ҶĿԼӣͷϵʻתͷȥ޳޳ÿ𣿡
޳ԥûУÿ
طһҶĵļֵ⺢ӣĸƭ㲻ɣ
ҶڴһЦ


262 ô
ط˿͵ģҡҡͷתͷغȥˡ
ʱ޳Ҷľͼغͷһ컨ڻҡ·С˶ûסƵƵףв˿Ц
޳ҶûһãͱСȥС׽Բء
ҶԼƣ϶ߵطߡ
طڱ໨˳޶һѻһ
Ҷѧط˵ַţûעߣѹط˵ĸǱ׼ˣ
ط˱໨һ٣ҶһȻһĨЦۼôļѽ
Ҷһ죺ⲻǣóȽϺöȻȥˣҪ͵͵ʲôС
˶޳СǵֻҪ˵ܣǾͲ޳˵ˣֲϵ顣
İɣڣ׼׼úúõģʱ򣬵ţȥϻĵǽ޳ȥͿˡ
طźˣҶĸطҪθ޳һϲʱ־ߣû֮ط˾ͽɹȥˣСѾͷ
ǾͺáҶ˵Щʲô룬ط԰ŵģ϶ԼҪϸģҲˡ
ȥҶĻӻ֣űõĻܿˣһȲҪ޳ͷϵӡ
ط˿СԵӣҡҡͷ
غߵطߣʲôصģ
ߵֲˣСߵСҲˣʱ޳һλҲӰ
޳ǺӻʱʱСһʼΪʲôأһȥ˾ͿʼµģҲûʲô
Ҳ֪ǸԶڰʲôС
طһ㶣ûɶѽô𣿡
ƽʱͦĵôҶĲŹͱˣ
غԼҷ˼ۣﲻ֪룬Щ
ôҲһ֮ɣ˲ѵϹ
˲ҪװɵΪûϹ
غߺߣʲôһ֪֮
ָС
طۣӣ̾˿һֵС㲻ܸҺ֮κ˵
غͷĵͦء
ط˴غֹһӣغϸֳ˷˼顣
ʲô飿طüѵʲô֮
ûУǡغҡͷӿʼɿת
˸ôΪ׼񣬸޳һϲС޳ǺҲģòᡭ
غһʱ䲻֪ҪҪӦӦðԼԼҷˡ
ûʲô飿ʵط˼һ˼Ȼһ˼һȻ˵ʲôԼҷûʲô
ʲô˵ˣ֡غãҪǲǷ˿ĸҪ˵
˵һôġ
غطȥһֻߣոط˵Ķһģһһɣ޳ǺӸ⺢һ顣
طһ˲͵ɴ˫ۣţôܣ
ͷ׼
ǵʱҪ˶æô죿
޳ǺӲԼæҪ˻ȥͬһô죿
ôôĬ
غԼķ֣Ϸ˸ո˵飬ȷӦûͦߵģصͷǳпܣ
ҵιԹԡط˸ԼؿڣڵϣҲ̫Щ
Ծģȫ˽Ҷ׵Լġ
غͷͬȷʵСͦࡣ
ҶӾͲᣬҪС˼˵˾Ͳôˡ
ҵøдţͷ׼˵õôطһϥǣҪվȥдš
غæס𼱱𼱣һ⼱Ҵһȥ¶ڶд
Ҫʹˣ治ôһ
˵ҲŶ˵ͷ׼ˣҪ׼һﻹѽطʡ
ƽһ£ʶ㣬Ҳ֪ʶä
غӣҲ̫֪ôˡ
غ򸾶ﰵ޳ҶǱȷʵһڵģ
ҶĽŵ޳ͷϵʱ򣬱СˣҲҪҶѧҶֳѧ޳ͽСһҲű࣬ʱĸͷϾͶ˻
СЦüۣûվڹ￴ţСԼ׿ԼŻģ޳Ҫ㣬㱧׿


263 컬
á޳һѽСתڵķ
С˷ܵسŽ˻ִ󺰣ףң
ȥҲЦֻ̧˻ӣˣÿ
һÿСͺˣͷ޳ľ䣬ȴûֹסЦҶļҲûסЦ
СʹһЩû˼޳ֻͷĽؿŽС
ҶĵͷһۣһѽҲСҲ״к
ССһƬͨ죬ӵֻ˻£֮޴лллĽ㡣
Ҷ˵תͷȥ޳޳һСأһһģһһСЦ۾гһˡ
ҶĺȻ;ãҲһӵĻ˵޳Ҳôźӡ
ôһ룬ҶĲȻʱڴڵ޳ʱ򣬿һڣ˼Զ˽ĽСڷ¡
Сⶼˣ촽˶˵ҪȥǿҶĿ޳¶־Լʱ̫ӦýеС߽ӲҶ
ط˸Լҷ˵˰죬û۳ʲôȶˣֻվ
ովãͼ޳ҶĸԱһӣվϦµĻ˵ЩʲôŹ⣬õòС
ط˳ۣغק㿴ÿɣ
غƨϵĲмǻʲ
غмһ̧ͷҪ˵Ļ˻ȥȷʵÿ
ĳҲܰҸòС
ط죬Ҫ̾ҪطкˣһڣغڣһӦҲһĻһá
غʦͨոط˷ĻطͷϣҲÿ⻨⻨ĻƵġ
طҪ˵Ļһ¾Ϳ˺һһߵشһغؿڣ컬࣡
ô˵ϵЦȴʢĻ仹Ҫã֮ǰĶغֶûˣǣ߰ɣ䣬϶ʲô˼
һȭѽغġ
غԼΪʲôԼҷĽСˣͦۡ
غ¸طǰߣĬĬҪҸʱѧѧô˽ﶺ˿ġ

سǡ
Ӽǰʰ߰˰˵ķӣԼķ᧿Σ
Ӧڣ˵ֽҪЧ𣿡Ӽͷƽƽģ׵ĻӦҪϲһźðɣ
ӦҲͷԼһȴҪϰ岼û鷿ⲻΪ
ͷӦò󣬵ϲٰ֣ڵ㻨ƿʲôģҲͲˣңȥϿУƾ߹⿴֣ҿŪҪġ
ǻʱ޳ͽԿ׸вĵطͻϿ鷿ĲãҪܸϵһһʲôҪĵĵطҲס
¡ڹȥ˯һٹáӼ˵ţ̧Ⱦſߡ
Ӧڽűߵʰӵ񷿣Ҳųȥˡ
ϡ
ִСѾͷĿĵأҶĸԿ׽Ŵ򿪡
ûסӣһ㱡Ļҳ̲ۣ¾ߣӵԺˮʼɨָСѾͷȥԳݡ
泵ҵ˿ջٺˣҲһæĸææµµģ˰ʱ㽫ССԺӸɨøɸɾĸ䶼ҳ
ֲŻȻһµԺصͷ࣬ȵٹôʰҪøɸɾõġ
ͷͬʱӦǡ
ӼͰӦСԺſͣ£Ժֺ֣˾ȳ֣
˼ôطź
Ѳ޳طʱ˼ƻˣ
תȥô
˲С˵ʱӦǲŶѽ
ӼֵģӦֹǲֽҪɻ𣬽ǹæòû鷿ʲôġ
ԭֵͷֻҶĽлæģҲûʣͦãҲŪ鷿ģæᶫҿûǸԺǶɨɾˣϢٲòá
ӦھﲻԾǿֵӣ벻ﲻԾΪ޳ΪԷһط׼ʱ򲻹ﶼܽȥҲûˡ
ǺãȰŪãȥǸӦ˵


264 й
滹һֺ֪ڷӦˡ
ѽֽû˵𣿡Ӧɻ
ڰӦӡУֻ޳ɵóҶһԹŮ¸ûҶ롣
ˣλСӶԷ׼ϲţЩ֪ˡ
ŰӦںͺӼ˵ӣҲû˵ûأСȻֱǸˣǾ͸æˣǺŪǸĸŪԺӣǸøʲô͸ʲôæˣõǹ򡣡
ô˵ţȴϵøдŲС
ҲãҲûæ꣬ǽȥҵĲ֣һ۾ߣҲڣҲһȥɣȻֽǣ˽ȥܸоס
Ӧֵ
Ǿͽȥɡֲ֣Ƚȥˡ
ŮбҪķ䣬ûǾͰˣˣȻͬЩ
ӦվſϸϸڵĲ֣Ƚ׺ԵĵطصǺãŸһ˴Ǳ
ϣӦԼСԻͼֽŻţûסԼֵĶԻʱ;ﲻԾϸϸһ룬Ȼе©
ֽϸְȴ©֪ģԣִʲֽԮ֡
ôֳϡ
ӦڱԼĲˣ֮ЦҡҡͷСڣĬ
ӦڶŻõͼֽ˰죬ջǸ޳дһš

յӦŵʱҶľԣϵǣ޳ûҵҶĵ𿪣һ۾ȥˡ
ôҶĺؿ
޳ϵȥʲôҪ¡
ŶҶӦţͷרעеĴ
˶ʮ죬ҶľˣطǱٽµҲæģиһЩգ档
޳񣬺ˮ֮󣬱طȥˡ
Ҷ̧ͷһȥıӰҡҡͷ
˵ҪأŶþ̲סˣҲ֪ǲϵ飬Ǻǻ
ܺû޳ӦܴõİɣҶһ뷨һš
ڣ޳ŷ򿪣ɨۣԽԽߣûסŷĿЦɵڴϡ
˵رճģôƵƵطȥæΪɢĳɹء
޳Ų֮ͻᷢ飬ֻĿڷ·ʲôҪһ̲סܳȥϢ
ôˣ޳һڣĵòʱҶĵͷڻȥţڴϹ˺üȦǿǹɾ
ô㡭ÿɰ޳ͷš
һ޳оԼȻе㷢̣ױ̨һȻոô£ںˡ
޳ԼգûǺÿģǴӴ̽ͷȥģһ¡
ҶֻƽΪ޳ֻ˵ͷҲû̧
ô˵еĶȴûͣ١
ƬҶӾ꣬⼸ٹȥɣҶš
޳ӦˣȴûԺҲûˣ͵Լܳȥˡ
޳ҶߵʱҶĻ룬޳ȷʵ˲ˣֲɷ˵ҶеĶ˹ŵСʯϡ
롭ҶĿڻϡ
޳룬ȷҶûʲôΣƷ֮һѽ˸˻
ҶͷԵִϣѽ
ģԺֲڼң˵ʲôʱء
޳һ£ǼҶϵѹԼںÿģ뱧㡣
ģ
ոǺϢˡ
Ҷһڣʲôôģ
ӡ
޳ͼòУֱôһڣ¾ݺȥ
һʱе㳤ҶĸоԼˣûſԼֻĺ󱳣ʾͣ޳ؽſ
ҶĿϴȻˣ̧ͷҪ˵ͼͷԼ·Ҫһ
ҶļҪ˫Ӹȥһ²ŷӦԼҪ˵ôˣˡ
Ҷȵա
ǵ޳һ죬Ǹոһ
޳գһۣߣԼٿȥҪ̲סˣǺܸˡ
ҶûʳԭҲͲˣֻҪ޳˾ͳɣðɡ
޳Ķͷ룬رҶķǱʯ£ߵйء


265 
йأҶͷһһ˫ǽš
òԼ׼鱻˰ɣ
޳ԼĿ֮Уûֻ˵°͸ļϣϸｫһϢ渵
ԣˣȥ֮󼴿ɵϹµ˵ȻֵúõĻ˵лӴŵѧϰôļʱǽýеŵˡ
ŷֽһžϢ޳нϢֽóҶĿ
ݰӦڵ˵ǣŵʱ˹µҲڼţµŷǸͬһ˵ģɴֱӽԼŲ˲밲ӦһһĹˡ
ҶĽӹֽһû־ͺá
Ҫˣ
Ϣ˵ȷʵǺϢĺϢ
ô󣬿ɲô򵥣µĲׯµȥˣ֮ôҪĻԼһ
ڶŵ֮ţëǿԽѧϰģһһˣʱһ궼δ˽ţɼ֮ϸ
ЩƷǶģٹ˵⣬֪ж׬
ЩϢµĶ˵ˣ֮ɼжϣҶܹȥ
ϾϢҶĿǰҪĿǲ˸ġ
Щ巻һӣ֪Ҳ¡
Ҷһ۾Цûˣת§޳Ĳһرģε޳Щס
ÿѽҶ޳Уѵ޳Ȼ̺Ĵһڣֶֽ֮ҲݺһڣСΪ÷˵ģɷˡ
޳Цſһ˷ܵòѵģֽ紵ҵͷõ󣬳û۷۵ա
Ҷֽûס޳ϥϱֽ޳תȦһ޳˵ԺǲǾͿ׬ööǮˣ
޳Цŵͷ϶ܣ˵׬Ļࡣ
ٺ٣ҶüɫģתȦſ޳󱳸˵ǵѧµļˣ͸ѣÿģһϣԵһƬ˵֡
ãװñһ֪һԣͲõұˡ޳ͷıЦ
Ҷ׽סҵ֣е㲻˼㶼֪ѽ
޳ЦҪǲ֪Ѿˡ
УûУǡǡ

ѽᣡе㲻Ķֲܴ㡣
Ҷᴷһ޳ļ
˿ᣬԼѾˣǵý˵ˣ
Դ򡣡޳˵
ʲôҶһ㶡
Ҫ㲻ˣֲ֪ô˵Ҳ֪Լ㲻ĵʱҾ֪ˡ
ҶЩŲ򣬴ԼҪһأѽҾͺˡ
˵޳չȥǵͼԡ
޳ζ˵ģǵ⶯˳Ƹһ£ͽ˱Ҷĸæ˫ֻסĲӣͻȻվѽˡ
Ҫȥˡ
ط޳ƨƨϵһ¡
Ҷûסϴܣ֣
Ȼ֪޾ʣطͷҲѽ
˿˿ģŻͦ
޳Цûػ˳ŰŸˣ֮﷢£ֻз֪ˡ
ͬʱԺط˸ոѲ̻Ϳϵŷ⡣
ùһֵšͷβſһ飬ط˲ĵȻСﻹͬʱ¸ˡ
ҲûҪ֣ҶѾ׼ˣͻȻĳһͣʣ͵˫ϲŵˡ
ֻŽ֪֮ط˽Ŀ֮ϡ
ӶԼҵģ׼ݺˣһݼױһƸ񣬸ոպá
ױƸݻǵúúÿǿǣôСòǣɲܽСġ
ط°תƣȻԼװŵӴӴϳڵϿʼԼµЩӷɽׯȵȣЩʺϵġ

Ѿţ˵޳ҶһɢҲýˣӦյŵ֮ھ͸ʰȥﶼй»ȥ̫Ǳ߻û׼ãĬزȥ顣
ȵֱӵʱ˲Żȥ
طĹȻæҪ׼뿪ǰһ˼ٻؼҳԷ޳ȷʱ䣬ùȥ֣֪ҶҲ׼£¾ͳòС
ξᣬõĻҪģطҹָܵȥּӢ볤٣㱻ּӢУԴְΪв˰µļ١
Ȼʱܽط廹ͦġ
˵ʱӱޣĵ·̿죬ӳȥغ·ϵʱ䣬ʱԷ䡣


266 鷿
ǰһҲطȥٵĵ޳˸ڳȥغط˵ԼĴ㣬غ򸾲û̫ȣֻ˵ȥμӻ޳ŷĻط
سûаӦںͺӼڲ࣬Ϊܵ飬ؼҲûͬһҪֻһС
سԽҶľԽԽţ޳֪ڽʲô̵ģֻûϾ뼴飬Ҳеˡ
ʱѯҶģҶĵעתƵԼֶ߾Ͳˡ
λƽسǣҶĿԽԽԼҪ飬ȻϿЩطҪĵģǾ˰죬̽޳ѯʣ޳ȻҪѲŵ껹ǻѽ
޳ﲻ֪С˼ԼҲҪȥ鷿ӦںͺӼŪˣˣǵȥ濴
˵ֲ꣬һ䣺Ϣһһϡ
ҶĲｻյֲԾ󣺡ǸҺþöûǼֻСèˡ֪ôˣȻȥ˳㽫ɨһ£æ꣬ȥͲæˣ𣿡
ҶľõǼֻСèǸȷľҪȻҸڻ÷ԡ
ҲãǵȻֱӻȥ˯һ޳Цʡ
治ʺѣ¶Сèһ죬ڷСèˣô㵥
ҶĻûԼĽվסţֻԼɹƭ޳￪ĵҪȴҪװƵӣֱӻȥɣʱ仹硣
á޳ӦţһѽţҺϻȥóԵĵҡ
᲻ãȻֻһ죬޳ǱҶĲ֡
ҶҲá
ʱ򲻽кóԵģбľϲء
ڰٻǰͣ£޳˳ĿҶȥֱʧãã˺֮Уתꡣ
С۾ˣǰһƬӰһ̧ͷ޳æվֽ㣬ɶʱģ
յ
Сʷ£ʣҪȿ滹ǣ
µأҲǵһιܵûã޳ͷ£ҲûףòԼӰ˵⡣
޳վſ濴һȦɾ࣬Ա΢ЦΪ˿ͷûʲô
ɣȥ䡣
áСԼ׼õһӦಽ޳档
һֱæȷûд֮˲һӵҸطԷ
㣬ǰȥǷӣӦڸӼõÿɺãȥ𣿡Ȳڼ䣬С
ֽ¶ıˣ£֮ǰʲôģǰǰĸ˰ɣҲ֪ǰܲܺȵϲơ
޳ҡͷûأȻ극͹ȥ
С°ͣ㶼żҪ㣬϶һȥӡ
޳ҡͷû취ѽҲҪѽܵȷûˣǱҲܰҿɲ˻ˣͻȻܽ˵ʲô©ɨˡ
˵Ҳǡ
ˣСŲ²ӣ޳ļ˶ŲǱȥһ˵š
ǵȻҪһȥ
С޳˫ڴ
ȥҪʲôҪͿ׬һˣϾͿԶһˡ
޳û룬һˣ̧ͷһۣȥ£㲻۵Ļ
л׬ǮҲ۰ûСѣϰǰˢøҲǲģС붼û͵ͷɣҸһˡ
극ɫڣ··ƵûʲôҪǽԺӣû˵Ĺ⣬޳ֻܿģӰӣ̾Լûӣ͡ˢһ
תȥСȼ˻ӵ
޳ڲ죺ô
Сͷⲻ㲻µ湤òóָϲÿڵһ㣬ˣûƣʹҪȻȥײǽ
޳û뵽ɣЩжʱˡ
Ӧõģ㽫ӽңܵùܺòǣ˵ˣҪǹܲҿˣôɵĻȥСֺǺǵģߵǰȥԺĵƵȼ
ݹϲܳʲôԭŬã޳ǡ
޳ͷû˵ˣţ˷Ǳ߽֮Ҫǻ͸ӵս
ûƵʱ򣬿ԺôƹһԺӵȫòӳ޳
ԺûʲôеĻݱ룬ƬҶûС


267 ǰ
޳̧ȥڴǽϡ´ļҾϣ˫ϲſڣҲ˴񲼣һϲòС
ڵĳ裬ϵһޣ϶һݱСﻨ޳Ҷ£ȻǼһ
߽ң޳Լ׼ʵʿˣǱӦںͺӼĸжˡ
ң˴һЩֱǰϵķ˹ͷӺͼһģɼӦڶ˵ľܸԭҪִеж೹ס
޳߹ȥ¹ֻõĴ촲ͷȴƷ
Сվſڣ޳򿪹ӣڽͣ˴͹ЩӦںͺӼģ̴ЩǽģӦһ˵鱻ûΪȷʲôʱңԾϡ
ȻЩ޳ǣǣңǻ鷿ܸоɼеֵֹģֲǼʲôģͽˡ
޳صͷٽϰɡ
û뵽˻ͦϸģΪ£׼̣õ˼ôġ
޳ڷתȦԡȵȶһ飬ûʲôرҪĵģĳȻһЩǿԵȺסˣҶԼӡ
ΣҪĵطС޳ƵƵͷֲ˵ֻԼѯʡ
޳ҿ˿ҲûʲôرҪģ˵пգЩʻƷʺõģҸò廨һƿҴͷڿЩǹںụ̀š׼ЩԵİɣ㿴ͳɡæȥӦںͺӼҪڴ֮ǰ׼á
СæͷõġվҪȥˣ
ԡ

ҶһصϾȥջҪԿףһ˻ȥԿ֮С鲽Ҳȥˡ
ҶһԺӣԺҲûʲô仯ǱøɾһЩǰֵĲˣõġήĶøɸɾģЩʲôҲ֪ȥˡ
ּͣ½Ųͣ˶ӣȻϲ£ԭҲ³ģ֪¶̫СҲ죬ӾֻСԺŪЩʲôͰȥ
ҶȴǾãлл֣ͺˣ¶Ҳ̫֪һһģ޳ûң·˸ˡ
һЦС˾ûͺá·ӦҲᴫôİɣϵҲ˭ʱȥġ
·;㣬ȻᴫҪسǣӦҲô졣
Ҷҡҡͷ֪ǼǸϳСʳģѽͻһһģϣдˣ˵ʮʮҲ߰˳ɵ˼޳ģв˵Ļ£֪סԿɲʹÿ
ЩϢֻ治ֻ֪ط֪޳ЩСӪûα㲻֪ˣΪͨӵһ󷽣û뵽ǴΪ޳ֶһ˽;塣
ͷԣܳԿ࣬з˵ķ緶
ԭˣǿεˣߣǽȥ˵С컹һʱ׼øϽģﻹҪĶ
һҲ˲ʲôˣҶߡ
Ҷһž;ˣֱǻȻһ£ණԭЩǱŲһЩλãӾȻ򣬿ռ侹Ȼÿࡣ
֣ǡôŪѽҶĸ֮̾ǰܸоرӵΪ̫ԵʣڿҲûѽôͱôࡣ
˵ֿɾл˵ˣү˸ҵʱ򣬿ռСһݼ࣬סǽһӵ˾ͽΰѿռӰӦô
߶߶˵Լľ飬ҶҲϸϸš
ңҵûı仯Ǵʲôģ˴ɫ˫ϲָҪǮƵģǽϴһУҾҲУһû©Ҳ˺ɫ̺ӣϲ졣
ָں棺ӦٷЩɹʲôģһ룬ҲûӣӦͲˡ
Ҷľúܲãѵûţ˯֮ǰһ£鷳
ʲôģ޳Ҫ
鷿ˣҶĿŴϵĴ챻ӵ϶ûȥ˯ȥջӦ죬Ϊڼ̫ţһû˯ãԼ©ʲôط
޳ҲûõȥһŵʱҶĸθԼ飬ԼҪô侲һЩʧ̬һţԼҶĵ·ʱӦ˵ЩʲôҶֻкηӦ
ͬĵطͬһϣ˶û˯á


268 
컹δ޳ؾˣǴ¹ѡҶֲƵѴϣȻóüĹϸϸüëҶĵ͸
ȷԼǱû֮ţǿĵɫֵǵԼȥ̫Ҷû׼ãֻ治ͣתȦǵõݼٵס¥·˯ԱƵƵͷΪʲô£ķˡ
ò׵ȵʱ޳Ҳûĵȥˣ¥ǣԼֱӾͳسǡ
ҶҲһ޳˵ҪóԵģ̫ϲȥ˲УҺýǸ󼯣컹ûѾ׼ϻˡ
ҴҸ̫֮ǰʳĴã˼޳ԵĲ˷ŹţִҴææȥԼ
ָСѾͷҲæױЩûʽôӣ˻æµá
ۼ̫бȥʱʱ֣ͷϵĹٽױ̨ϵĶãӻֽСѾͷȻؿջȥȻ󲻷ĵػͷҶġ
СˣһĿ𣿡
Ҷг񣺡Ե֣İɡ
ּ֮Ȼн֮ɫȴûŵĵز޳ǱҲڽͬ飬ܲˣҲͷģǺãǾףСһٵʤóԸ
ҶĹһĨӵЦģлл֡
ҾˣĺϢС㣬ԺС˾һ֮ˡЦسҶļüŪۡ
ҶıⶺֵģЦˣеĽŻ˲٣Цֹһ֮
һߣֻʣҶһˡ
ҪģΪã£ֻ޳֮飬۽Σֻ޳Լᡣ
ϣԼʱԱΧһЦڿϷһϲвʶ˹֣Ȼ˵ЩĻɨˣԣʱֻ˾ͺˡ
һߣҶһŻڴǰԺůչ⣬ֻȴʱ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܵɱȵ˶ˡҶֹţøЩģ֮ǰõķˣֹȥ鿴¶ȡ
޳һ·Уֻһʱ㵽ϣǣ㳤Ľֵʱ򣬿ÿһˣÿϻ򽹼ˣǰûʲôնڴ˵Ҳһƽӡ
޳֪ն˵ƽҲƽ
Խǽӽڣ޳;ԼԽӿҶһѻСʱΪҪҶĶļ֡
ڣ޳վԼſڡ
ݺ˺ü£ԼŵԼ紵ҵͷѣֻ֮ƿŵԺš
ҶԺﴫֹŵ㡰NNĽŲ֪޳ˣŶžֿһۣԼոȥĶͷŪˣױݻˡ
ȷû֮󣬲ȹ߳ţߵݣվڽյź󣬵޳Ž
˩ã޳վڽյĴǰɤģһˡ
ҶվźҪŽ̫ţȴֻһ
Ҷĸæɤӣɡ
޳ŰһƣŰƶź˱㽥¶ȫò
δʩСʱеױݣԶɽü˫ʩ죬ӳϼͷᴹ߷Ф٣Žⱦʯ˫ϷĲ۵Ҳ֣ص˿Ἣˡ
Ҷģվ޳;Լ궼ҪеһĨڻǻһСַ죬һҪҶĵĵķȥ
ĿҶĺߴӵϣ޳Ǿã嶼ҪʹˣҪȻôҶȥأ
޳Ҷľ޵þþòܶҶֺγǡ
վŵ޳ʲôҲûױҲû糾͵ģʹԼܾ֮ǰһƽƽѣ֧Լ軨׷İվſڣԼͱùĻһƬհס
Ҳ֪˶ãҶȻعǰ޳˵Ŀ֮У֣ͷһڴޡ޳
ţ޳ûعĿʶӦһ
㡢ҡҶӿհף׼õ˵һҲǵˣ޳˫ۣʿˮһһֱԸҳһӣһ׬Ǯһǣһööϲ顭ʲôѣǶһԣ粢ͬ۹á
ҶĿ޳۾ԽԽԽԽߣؾúðȥ
޳ôôҪƵġ
Ȼ޳촽һһϣţ߾ʹ޳΢΢ɳƵߣá


269 زƽ
һá£է𣬴ҡš
վý޳ĳǰҶĶͷ鷢š
Ҷľ౻鷢õеʶҪӣȴ޳ȡ
޳յʼû뿪ˣҲġ
ԺǾһӡ޳
޳Ӧõһ̣ҶĵнѾȥʱ˸ˣʲôûˣã˭Ҳȷ֡
š޳˵
ҶһĨõЦ⣺Էڡ
ڡ
ҶҲ̲סˣǰһһѱס޳ظ̾޳á
š޳ֽ
޳Ҷֺһ
޳ţ
ٺ٣ҶĿЦн㡣
š޳ĿͷϣӦһ
þ֮󣬾޳ΪжʱҶ˵һǾúÿš
޳ḧĺ󱳣Ҳġ
֪ҶĽĿڴ˲䣺úÿ졣
˵꣬ͷȥ޳Լ棬ǳǳЦһ㲻ͺܼװصӣҪԱһ㣬͸ûһ㶼ϲˡ
ϲġ޳ϵɫֻֿϲ㣬ֻһ𡣡
֪ҶЦŷſֿĻȥ֮ǰĳ׽Ū֮ģϾ֮ǰûֵʱ㻹͵͵𶹶ţҪ˵ϲһš
ȥļȻϮ޳һ죬˰Ҳ֪ôشֻõ͵͡šһ
ָֻ˰Ҷķ޳һûһµץ󱳴ͷ棬ţȻ˻ڹء
޳ҪҪ˱Ҳ֪ĸͼҶļææ˳ɻ󣺡ôôż
Ҷһȹһ޳ߣҶˣǰ첻ǽóԵĵˣҲ֪ȲȣϽĸϽģ˻عͲóˡ
޳̾һϧֱӶЦżֲԶСıȵȹˡ
ҶĴ֣ûû£Ȳ
ֻûڣҶ˾һǰȥ޳ۼֿǰһ粽̻ʼЦȲ
ҶĶŴֱ׳϶ҵ⣬·ƽ
޳ɨһƽƽשذ壬Źƽ˱ߣһ˵ϹԣذǸһˡ
ֵҶĲ˼ˣʲôʵպҲá
Ǿʹպá޳
ҶĺŶ⽫˵ˡ
޳˳˷֮ȥƹǡ
ȻżԵĲˡ
컹ûˣ
⼸ʱ䣬ټһװ磬ʱûɵġ
Ҷգգֺۣѿ֦аæ
޳֪ˡ
ѿ֦޳ɻ
ִѾͷǲĸߵġҶ۽ǺЦ˵ŷ޳һ㶼
ˣҪǰĻ޳ŵһ¾ܽզզԼոһȽԼ֣ԼӦ޵üëҲ޵ø͡
޳Ҷĺ
ţ޳ʢӦһûԼ¶
ǲ֪͵͵׼ˣôʣҶѾȷˡ
޳ʢһ٣תԥһ»ѡ̹ףţ֪
ҶĿٿָͷСʣʲôʱ֪ģ
ҶͼԼһЩǾϷȣԼ͵͵׼Щ޳һֱ֪ȴװ֪ͺ߳ܰҲ֪޳û͵͵ЦӦеİɣ
յŵ졣޳˵
Ҷˣ޳ȷʵܸˣʯϵ߻޳ҹŰջȥġ
ʱɻԼְֻѣȻֵøˣҲܹ޳˳ԭʱ޳˵Ϣֹһ
޳ҶĵԽԽ죬ŲӶȾ˷ɫЦطǰȥݺһڣ֪ʱرϲҲ֪ôָоر˵ֲ˵ֻá
˵ˡҶյס죬˵Դðˣ
޳Ц⣺ã˵ˡ
ҶŽջȥԼתȥĲȡԷɣ϶ûԷ


270 񾭲
޳ӣǰ֪ԼĴĻֻҲǸһţ϶ǲ˼ȥԷȻŸϻ
ţá޳Ҳתȥøողʢһ׷롣
˽˶˵ݵķϣ˫˫֮޳ʣ㲻𣿡
ʲôҶĺǷϵҲûԶأ֮ǰûöԼһͷţ
֪ǻ㡭
Ҷ̧ͷһۣһӵĲˣʲô㣬ʲôģϽԡ
ǵģ֪֪£ĿĶﵽˣʲô
޳ۣû룬ŷԷ
ûʲô¿Ҷľ޳һ²úõӣǰԺߵԺӺϲֿѵ
仯ô󡣡޳̾
ѽҲû뵽ôһȻڳôĿռһֱΪǷ̫С̫ءҶҡš
ǲĸźˡ
ȷʵǣɼɣ˵˺öö֮ǰû˸˵ĶӦǲĸģĸд磬Ƕá
о׵һ֮䣬ҲֻһûѪԵϵĴѡ
ҶľԼۿе㷢ȣԼĺõ˵Ľ
СͲ֪Լĸĸ˭ͱ·ߣ汻ȥӤãôຢӵУ־ѡߵ׹Ůʮ䶼ûԹʲôࡣ
ѣҲйһ·壬Ҳʮ⣬ٺ޳޳壬žʶ˺ööܺõˡ
ڵǰôû뵽ģһŶã˰ˣ۰ԼĳϲҵֻҪһ뽫;úҸ
ҶĻЩһᣬһžӨ顰žડһµǣŵϡ
޳ֱֻʲôĶһתͷͼҶӣһġģôôͻȻˣ
޳æҵظᡣ
ҶʿһУöҪԼһ޵ģЦҸ˵ģǾãܸһ𣬺ܿģҸ
޳ɣÿҸ㻹᣿
ҶһĵΪԼ֣ϲ֪𣡡
Ŷ
޳˫ذߣ˵Ҳ߯ˣ
ҶԼȥæֻסĲӣ
ݡ
ҶĪⳡϤǺԺҾ̫̣޳ܿͱңûüģͱ޳ŵ˴ϡ
Ҷֱ̫˫۽浲ǰһֵƣ㲻Ҫڴġ
޳ЦſһۣͷЬʲô
ʲô㲻֪𣿣װʲôСײˣҶ
޳Ьӣȥ⣬ҶĺŶһ£ˡ
һ£ʲôڻ硭
޳ûסЦ⣬һıǼ⣺ʲôأû˯ã˯ѡ
ôôɰ޳ˮ۾ԽԽ۸˫ֳ࣬СһһһµȥĴ
Ҷıһ˺ü²ŷӦæ˫סֹǵĶװͰ͵ģ㲻˵˯ڸ
޳ߣ˭ң
УҶĵۡ
Ѫˣߣ
޳סָû𣿡
Ҷģ
Ҷġৡһ½Լȥ˫ŵˣͷҪðˣˣå
Ҫ
޳ЦϵҲһˣȻ챻ӽһֻ¶һԴڷҾͲôˡ
Ҷľ޳񾭲һÿһ趼֮⡣
ưˣ˵ʲô
챻ӵ÷ô˵İɣ
޳ݸһЦȡͷϵӣͷ˶ͷϣԼҲ£ȻԼ˵
޳ֹһӣֻҶĸոջָĶ⽥ֺ
ˣ˯ɡ޳˵꣬űĺ󱳣С˯һ
ҶĶŴҪ졣
˴в
ոո˵ЩôԼܰȻ˯ģ
Ҷתͷ޳Ѿ˫ۣȴ߸ġ˯աһʱڱŤŤ˫ֵõ˽ţءһ˵޳ϣȥҧĶ䡣
޳ڶŪСɰĿ֮УûзҶû˵еĶͱҧסˡ
޳һҶģ֡


271 
ҶһŪüΣһıϲµصţô޳˵־ͲȻȥܣ
˽һ˲ӣҶķ·ѰʲôȤһ㣬ĥĥûüˣ;ǰһƬתţ޳λþ͵ߵˡ
ҶΣյ񣬺֪Լ˴
ˣ뻢ڣ
æ޳û˵Ҷȥͼװʲôûзǣ޳Ź
ҶֻԼ˫ֺһֻǯץסȻٹͷôѲţϾһĶ
֮飬ͺ˳ˣҶֻǵԼ˯ȥ֮ǰ޳̾һ䣺Ľ죬
Ȼʲô֪ˡ
޳§Ҷһĺ೤Щ𴽽÷ǺñԼȥ
˯ʲôģ̫ɽˣ˯ʲô˯
㲻ոˮʲôģȻĲӣͿˬسԸ
޳˻С̨û߼£Ժſڴ
ô˭ţ޳ֹŲ֣ȥš
֣޳ȣæÿţ
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272 
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޳ӣûأҼǵõģߣҾͲˡ
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֦˲ˮĲŵϣȻߵߺš
æˣ֣ѿ֦͸ˡ
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ѧȻܾôݵϣ޳ѹе߳ܣӰᵽһȦ˴ͷϡ
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ҶȻˣټ·Ͷ٣Ͻŵû˯ãץű˯޳ڴ۵գǼһڣ뿪
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طһ޳죬ͱһֱȺŵİӦںͺӼŵջȥˡ
û취޳Ψһķӣǻ鷿ʵû취˸ſ
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ӦڸӼҲûźǮˣ֪ʲộ޳ʱ޳ûǣֻҪԶŻߵʲôµʱŻ뵽ǣƽﶼڵһݹǮ
ˣطһ˵źֱӾˣ㲻ԥġ
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С̯һǸոԼһѳʳҿ͸Ƿķޣرĵظָ·ԶԶǰֱߣڵһҹգֱߣ̧ͷͷϴһأǰϴһƬͣλһ֪һӡ
С̯˵ֲ꣬һ䣺ˣ͹ˣλҪĻ糽ʱٹȥ
ô͹ط˾ȣҲԶѽôУҲ׬ٰɣ
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֪ɲһҵʱ򣬺޲ÿʮʱأڣӴҲһͿ˲ŹţλҹеӣǶǿʱֲŹصš
С̯ӺǺһЦҲû취ѽӻҪͻǹص粻õʱ򣬵еĻﶼ꣬Ҳǹһʱ֮ˡϰƣֻһţǵ͵ҹȥȫ
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273 
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޳Ĳ˶˳ںãָҶʢ
ҶĿԲ޳ԼĲˣʣֹˣ
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ҶĳһڣͦóԣҪֳԵĻζӦûá
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ҶֱӽŷˣôǮҪǮȥǿأǱߵʹˣǴôطһϰӣ֪Ҫܵʲôʱܽ
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ҶľڱŻҲûƣԼֽӱ򿪣ֻһۣžડһ¾ͰѺӸˡ
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274 һ
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޳Լ̵ӹӷŵϣԼҲȥӽ˹סȣ͹ģһ𿴣ΪֻһЩ顭
Ҷ죬ɬɬǶԺĶǺܺģǣһ𿴣
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276 һ꣩
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޳ȥˮҶıԼһȥңֻǴԿҵĲûϸء
ҶĽţָḧǽϵ˫ϲͷĺСʻĻ꣬˳Ŵ磬ֻһķ·ݽһȪ¶泩ѡ
ϣôôϸأôůôãõһ뵽̲סϲ
ôõˣȻ񡢽Ǿһˣһӡ
ҶСϵʻϹŲ֪Ц⡣
޳ǰôϲգ۵ģ
Ҷĵü۸ˣϲѽ
ϲϲң
ϲġ
ϲ
Ҷָϸŵ㣬һ룬ŵ̫ˣǵһҾģҸů£һֱһֱȥ͸ȸɽǶүүһ
ȻǿûǶүүһãЩҪҪǣʼһġ
ãһһֱһ𡣡޳֣صسŵš
޳ʣΪʲôϲϲ㣿
Ҷıס˫ۣСЦģС̫һҲʣ㿴Ժӣ⻨ϲ֣񣬻Ϊ֪ġҲ֪ĺܶ飬һеһУڸңϲѽУҾͲ
޳رҶģüҲ̾Ϣѽϲ㣬ϲġ
꣩


277 ⣺Ҷ
޳ҶıֻǴ볤֣գĶˣ١峤ȵЩʵѾܾòϵ˵ˡ
Щ˶֮У֮ǣСԼĪǰʮ˴Ļ춼ˣһѴСӰվԺ
һͲˣ޳ǰȴһɵģغ򸾵һɳĹСǶˣط嶼Ĳͷȥ޳ǲڸʲôӶϴˡ
޳ԩãʶЩˣ
ƫƫС׻ϲɵسǼʮСһ֣Щ˲ˢˢҶľϹϲøǲ˵һ
ǳ棬޳ҪԼЬģʱذ嶼Ľֺͷٴˣ
ЩҲֻǵضѣһѷˣٶ֮죬޳ûüԸ
һߣͻָ
ֵһǣ׼ҶСҲˣһЩûٽط壬ֻǸ续Ůһ۵ؿλ˰ݸá
ݹֵλغ򸾣Ҷľͱͽ˻鷿޳澴ӭ
ط֪޳ľ˻ۣ̼ظ޳ƣط˵˺üζװûԼһںѣԪϻȵȹȥʲôģв޳ݵͷ
ϻ浽ûг׽޳£طͼ֮Լŷط¡
ػطҲ֪ǿϻϻȷʵ湻ˣܹǰúóԷ
ˣȵɢϯʱ޳ˣòᡣ
ط˸ֺͽ·ʱѾŤˡ
Ҷĵһ磬ò׽˵Ƚ·ѾϺʱЦãСĵظһ˷ŷŵ¡
طˣҶڴ߲޳ô
»֮ҹأȻ˵еĸ÷ͶˣҲǺڴİ˾Ȼ
̫̫ˣҶľԼ̫ˣ˭»֮ҹչһѽ
Ҳһɡ
Ͷֵؼ˺СˣȰԺӶɨɾԼҲ뿪ֻʣ޳Ҷˡ
Ҷˮ޳ǰڳһְֻԼϴɾ޳Ļ˯ȥ
˵Ⱦ֮޳ůˣҶĸоԼ˸ů¯˯
޳ʱеԺԵɵһ񣬲ԼĸҶĳˣǾ̵ϸߣ˲ԼѾľİӣֽҶĸ§øˡ
Ҷ˯УμԼ޳۶Ц֣ȻԼͱĶסˣˣ͵һ¸ˡ
ǹϢĸоڣҶ˼ڿȻ³ǹɾ󣬲ŷ޳Լֲ
Ҷģѹֻ޳ģ
ҶĻ޳»֮ҹƣ³ؽ޳ֱ۸Ųӵһߡ
ƻ뱧
޳ԺҪٴ˯ͱҶĵĶֵٴѣôˣ
Ҷ˵ôˣ
޳˵֪ûҡ
޳ûػҶҲ˼˵ԼΪƶԹԵֻƵģҲû˵
ﾲĬһ޳Լĸ첲û֪ˣ˶Ѹ첲
Ҷģ
ôأ첲˯ˣ
õ˾Ͳϧ
޳Լû֪ĸ첲һ󣬺ò׸оѪҺͨˣͱݺһѡ
ôˣ޳ͷˮҹĺе㲻ԾŶ
Ҷʹһѣ޶ԣԼʳȽϺ,֪޳ģҲܣ
޳ûô£ͱҶĸѹ£žͱҶĸˣˣܸоĵĶ̸Ϥ
ԣ׼»֮ҹ췴
ôԣ
޳ܿͶȨҶĵִϣԼȥЦ⣬֪޳ΪⲻͿʼˡ
ܿ죬Ҷľͺˣտʼ޳ʱȷʵܿûǺ޳ȴҪ븹һ˵ˣ޳һС
ᶼһ޵òģӵ޳˻޳ûŹˣ˿۸Ƶġ
ҶĻڲ
ʱʲôѾ֪ˣֻһͷǾ֪޳ôףͲѧ޳ȥ޳
޳ʱһֻֽϻյֽϻ޳ʱ򣬸ƵģǱ޳һۣһ䣬̲סȻ޳ףܶܲ
ֻܺ῿޳˯ȥ


278 ⣺
ڶ죬ҶһòУ޳һٴôܣЦġ
ﻹʲôı޳ڱߣӼƵıȥȥԷԼ֡
Ȼؿ޳ʼʰӦ˵ڰ
ֻ޳һһİʮӶԺȻȥʰԼϲǼѣҲһˣ׼һ䡰
Ҷģ
Ȼ֪Ҫʲô׼ȥܸо̫
ܻüҶżԴ𣬺ˡ
ҪҶææµµ޳
޳߹ҶӼĸ߽ҽ˷£С
Ҷ㶣ʲôУ
ɽˮӦڸӼǸϳ˺ġȫĵطǾԼȥ棬Ҫҡ
ҶڱôͻȻǲǸոմǻû
ŸոϹʮ죬볤٣»᲻ˬɣ
Уʱ䣬޳һҹ飬ԭΪҪȥ
޳Ĵȥ֣üˣ㲻ǳףҾ˳ķˣ뵽ַǰһݣǻһֱܺãھȪ֮£Էˡ
֡
Ҷۿһȣ
ôܲأÿοС׸Цֲƴڻر֣رСһ֣ڹúܺãҪġ
ǣôԶĵطҲȥȥİ
ΪҪٵȵȣû뵽޳ְźˡ
Ҷײһ޳죺ΪʲôܱҰŵҪһĵҺһ㶼ġ
޳ЦűҡҡλΣ˵뵽ˣֻǲ˵֪ǾǮ࣬ÿһֶѪǮñ٣㲻˼ᣬǾʲôԵȵԺ󣬵ȵ˺ܶܶǮʱ򣬲ſȥ
ҾãȻˣǾȥֻǱжһ㡣
ģԺʲôҪҪò˼еĶǹеģֻҪ㲻ˣԶǷң֪𣿡
áҶĲ޳Ц⣬Ժһ˵ġ
ٽˣõʱǳȥ᲻е㲻ã׬ܶɣ겻׬ǮǾҪþ֮ܰѵ꿪ȥҶĻǾǮҪ
ᡣ޳ߵ˵һʲôҶĶʱ͵ɴ˫ۡ
ģĸĻ᣿
޳ͷǰ˵Ǹǵĳ񣬻кüŵأҲˡ»˶⣬ǰĸҵġ
˵޳Ҳ⡣
Ҳû뵽Լһ򵥵ĳУȻܵغôߵȻֱӾ˵Ժ￪꣬һҵһĳɱˣвĵط
ط˾˵¹λΣ٣ڳ￪꣬ǲҪʲôɱģֻҪ֮úþӪѻȥ׬⡣
ôࣿҶĸˣЩҲ̫Щ֪ôرĸˡ
ѽöġҿͿС͵ĶҲʲôƷױģƾˡ޳Ц
ҶȴǵǳˣҲҪ͵ģ͵òãҪ˼ġ
޳ЦãôҿҲǽھͻףҳ׿鷳ˣһ˵꣬һ꣬׼ˡ
ðɡҶҲǣˣоеһˣҪ˯㲻ҡ
賿ֵ̫ףȻ˯磬ǾúӻֻۣһģҪȻҲ޳ӱȥ
޳ϵӡʢǳԣã˯˽㡣
Ĳ˯˲СʱǸˣ賿ˣǣӵģ̵סֲ̲ܿסпԭģ޳Լ˸ڣȻ⿪ϵҶ˯ðЩԼųȥˡ
˵öԣ׬ǮʱΪˣôܻŹᣬʹҪԶţҲҪȰⰲźõġ
Ȳ߻ѾдˣڣֻҪùȥС
С䲻޳ΪԼ˻þ
ֽ㲻ոճ𣬽ӦǸٯٯô˵
С𾪵к˴ڹ̨濴޳
޳ǰλΣʲô
С񣬾㣬㲻С˯
޳ǣ߻֪Ķ࣬Ҫ£ôһ̣ʱȽϽȷһţִܲУ֮ǰҷûĻʱô졣ϹأԽߣĹǮԽߺսԽߡ


279 ⣺1
֮Ĺ޳ӼͰӦ˰ϳоôʼˡ
һУһ·ϷȥҪȥҶĵط̵·Ҫһˮ·
½·ʱ۵ӣеİӦںͺӼ޲Դ˫ۣ˴ΪԼⲻ˼Թ޳δˡ
˿޳ģԼԹء
Թʱ˱۲޳δĻΪӣҪæǰæģ㰡
޳Ҳû뵽ԼδոϴʱֻôһκΪֻΪԼûĴе㲻ӦӦͺˣһ͵Ҷĵ˸
Ҷļһǿ׳޳ȻôĶŻ²ֹɫ԰ףſޣ޳
ӦڷӦһЩһ޳ˣȥҴ
һźЦˣŶδˣеأȻҸץһֹµҩǼȾͲˣ֮ɱĿ񣬿ͨ磬ʳҲٳЩµø˵ʳҪǺҩŻ²ֹĻʱҡ 
õģлл򡣡Ҷһ߽ŵ޳֣磬鷳æȡҩҩһ¡
ãȥӦڵͷ
Ӧڸϴȥˣֻʣ޳ҶĺͺӼˡ
Ӽ޳һһ·θŻӣĪЩиȥʱżǷŻ޳ڵģǼ޳еĻӦҲ
ޣҪҲǷ˻Ҳԣôܻϣ
Ӽվſпգֽ֪ͷ˶ǹػҪиСӾͺˡ
ʱ϶ǸС
СͶǰˣǵǰˣСΪţָ죡
ͬںӼĺ˼룬Ҷˡ
޳һθŻ֮󣬸æ޳£һɣֹҩҪٵһ¡
޳Ҷģץ֣ŬһЦûµģģеķθѡ
޳뵽ԼַɴͷûΣȴССˮϣǣһӢûˣԼҶܵһ֮󣬿¾Ҫۿ˰ɡ
뵽޳̲ס޷Լ
Ҷļˣæ̵ȥŵҪ𣿡
û˯һ˯ӦþͲ˰ɣ޳롣
δ湻˵ģԴκģƶŻ£޳Լ֭Ҫ³ˡ
Ҷļۣеĵǣ۵Ĳ԰׵ã˯㡣
ӼǰˣֽϣԼվſڵ
û취⴬ϣӵģֽӣֱðװһ۸ģǲúţ»в۵Ķλӵ顣
Ӧڸϴץҩֽ¯Ӽҩҩ˹ʱ򣬼޳Ѿ˯£ֻýҩС¯ţȻߵſڸӼһ
ӼеסŸŰҶһ޳ϣչȥӦڹ˵ֽӣǻСӵӣ
Ӧһ׳յı鿴ոҲδˣԽһɢ˻³ȥˣ
ӼһôôûȤ밡ҪСӣʱǴСӵܣǵöȤ
ӦʶҪ²תһ룬ҪиҲֽˣڼҲиţҲòĵ£ǵֽôɣ˼ҲŸոճף̫ˡ
ӼһԴҲŶģ˺Ҳ࿴ۡ
ʱ·Ļ൹ûʲôҲӰô죿
Ҷ޳޳һѹæԵ㶫ӣȻιҩ
κ޳ҩ֮󣬸λΣ»£ϴҩҲ޼£ϴ죬޳ɫµ÷࣬ӷ飬·߲ȣҶĿĽòУ⴬Ҳ˵¾ģֻ޳Ĩᡣ
۾׵øƵģ޳۵Ҫȴ޿κΣֻﰵֻЩ
ڣ˵죬Ϳ˰͵һ̵ҶһϢ̾ͷ޳ŵӦڵıϣԼ͸˴
ӼںƵ˰æ
Ӧھͽ˿ջ޳ҶİٺãæȥҴ
޳оˣҶüͷŸ޳ˮҲ֪⵽˰ϣҪòܺá


280 ⣺2
֪ǲãֻδ޳˴;Լ˲٣ĵĸоҲࡣ
оöˣܺá޳˵ˮҲ̫Щ
ҶļüͷˣҲû֮ǰڴϻӣ΢ģҪǲø˵ǿš
á޳ڴϿҶһˮһȥӦʲôʱЦ粨ʱиţá
úܿ죬һ޳ĸоһӱˡ
Ҷ޳⼸һֱûôԶţιˮʲôҽ
޳ҡҡͷһ˵ɡ
ϻ£ȻͷˣǶĵĸоĻڣʹθտգ޳ûʲôʳ
ǡ
~
Ҷĵġáֻûڣ޳Ӿͳ˼֮衣
޳ûϵԼĶôòȥҶĵ۾ʲôҾûθڡ
Ҷ֣ûãһƺݺݵش˱ϣˣ
˵˦ȥˤ죬ǵøڷס֡
޳ŭسȥҪ׷ȥӲһǰڣ֫Ҳģֻ˻ȥ
ˣǵӺһЩٺúúɣ޳ڴ롣
ܿ죬ҶľͶһˣСŭڴĹĵش࣬Ȼݵ޳ߣҲ˵޳һ޳ҲԣһֱŲŵӡ
޳ΣҶιһڣͳһڣ벻ҳɣԼˣֵˤŶȥʱͲˣܲˡ
Ҷһι˴룬޳ֳַˣϵŭɢһЩǻǲ˵
޳ҨĿյڣģ˵˵ɡ
ôĬţܲˡ
Ҷ̧ƤһۣСɫһ
˼ƽʲôأԳǣҶţϵ˵ʲô
ұˡ޳СС˵
Ҷĵһ٣һͽԼ
ûҲˣٳԵȻҪ³ܵĻ޳ԼҶĿ᲻á
޳ŤŤӣ֪ˣִĴϣе׵˫ۣһ˿˿سۣ㵣ˣԲ𡣡
Ҷİ࣬û˵ҲûԼŲ
Һòã޳һȡ
ҶĿߣ֪ҵĻŶӲԷǴĲҺù
޳һţûеġ
Ҷĺ࣬ڴͷϣߣ
޳һβӣֻʹ󷨣ץСƵҡҡλΣģҺþûܱˣ㱧Һòã
ҶԶã޳Ϊľܾʱ򣬸
ҪҪȻ뱧ңԶһЩ㶼ˡҶĵ޳Ķ
޳Դľá
һ춼չ޳ҹ£ֺ˰࣬Ҷڴû޳˵仰͹Ƿģ󰾲סˣЬϴ޳Ļץ޳½˯ȥ
޳˯տһҲۣҲüû˯ˣҶҹﲻϴţ²ܵһʱչ˺ԼһڴϾûտյģ˯һһġ
ǵúúòһ
Ӧڶҩţû˯ˣֻֽҩߣ룺͸ҩôôأ˯ҩкȵıҪ
޳ʻԣڿջ죬ֻˡ
һҶĳȥ䣬ָ֮ǰǸӣʱʱιСʳǣֹ䣬Ҷ˻ý޳һ
˸öһûۿ
˫ɶԵ˲Ŷ۵˲Ŷ
ðɣȷʵ˲
ֵû˲
䵽棬ӦڸӼյԼҷ˵ССܡ
ӼСܣ
ƣ
̫۸ˣ
ֵĶʲôã͸Сܣ˵¹
ӦץСȴûô룬ãӦϣܸһֽģʺǵˣֻߣֻǵķְˡ
ϾֽҲͷСܣǷ˾СܿɰûʲôرԢ⡣
ӦڵСܣȻСԼ첽ǰˡ
ӼӦû˵ͷСһҲ׷ȥ
˰ˣʲô˼ҶǸûؼҺСֶҲ·ϸϳóҲ


281 ⣺3
ν£;Ժ֣޳Ҷǰߣһ·Ժһ·򣬺ԲģȫƸĶ
·ûʲôĳأӦڸӼռݳҪŹ֣ûʲôʱ䣬һӲι˼նۿɼԲ
ͬΪֶĳ࣬޳Ҷ͡
·ʱȻÿģһ·Ҫ·ɽҰ룬ڹٵϣ·Ҳûʲô̡
ûעҶĵעȻ޳ϣųֻԼ޳ˣû˿ü岻ʱؾͶ޳֣ʱ
޳Ҷĵڼ£ҶԼһķ羰֮󣬾ģ´޳ۣ㻵ЦȥŪĽë
˲Ūëȷʵ޳ãҶӹϣֶŵģǽýëֵһᡣ
գ۾գһ׽סҵ֣һ£ۿô棿
Ҷ֪η棡
ҽġ޳һҶ˱ԼϥϣС߶
ҶĿʼͦ˷ܣԽϵԽʢ߳ܵͬʱЩ⶯֮ڣ˺Լת޳Ĳϸϸģ޳Ҵˣ˵ˡ
޳˳һڣѾˣЩ˳
Ҷһ£յǡҲڰ
ðɡ޳װź̾˫Ȼ§ҶĵȴһͷҲ󿿣Ҷˡ
ҶĲűܵȵģ⸱ģ֪ǹģҲƣԼ˸ƣ޳˫ϣԼַʳ
޳Լչǣһ˿Ц⣬˻ȥ
ΣҶԼܲˣƿ޳ſͷϸϸﰵգԼ޳Ķ˽꣬ôλǱȲ
̫ˣ
ҶĲǼϤתתü۽Ƕ͸һɻ
治֪ʲôʱ꣬ɫҲŰϳİӦڽͣ£޳˵һԼܵӼǱȥһˣҲ֪ʲôʱʱӼǴɤ
޳ͷؿҶģ֣ԼӸﶬķꡣ
绺ɽ𣬴ɽųһ˿˿⣬޳ļϡϣƤΪһ㼦Ƥ񣬲ܿ죬ҶľͷˣС¯
ůС¯дҶĵҲΪС¯ů⣬ϲͣ޳С¯ľ̿С¯еĻԽԽ¶ԽԽߣ޳ȳһ
޳ʶҪԶС¯ԼһЩǱҶǰһ˶ҶİԭأϼѣҶ
֮ˮﶬʱһȺĸٺòˡ
޳ͲҶˣ׼ȷ˵᲻öˡԳ׺󣬼ûϴˣѵһΣ᲻þܾ
ܿ죬ҶİһԼһڣòָմһݵ޳ߣڴ
޳ҶֳһȺ޹ģ˫ؿڿѹŭѹʲôãͷȥҪζȴڼָʱǰһա
ҶĿٽ˻ȥ
޳ۣѧˣ
ô
ҶĿתԼԼָĸȥֶһڣյ޳ߡ
޳ͱĶеú޲ý͵ﻹȵü̾ͽĺ׹ȥ
һڸ޳ҶιӣЦţú𣿡
޳׷ĴϸϸĥţüۼǵЦ⣺Ȼúȡ
㲻㣿Ҷʡ
㡭ҶĵĻһ䣬޳̾ͻشˡ
ְĸȻġ
ǡ˱أҶĺš
ûȹģܼ
ҶĸƺҪˣ޳֣һ룿
޳ɫ˼ãҽһ֣һһĸ
ҹ޳ҶڵʱʱʱʳĵмС¯̵ЩܿͱҹҶľڸ˹ȥ
ȻˣȻҪζģȵζȹ⣬˵Ҳ˱¯߱˵ӡӣ˶û⡣
ҹ꣬˿˿ģԱȻҪ§һȡůʲô˵Ҳû˿


282 ⣺4
ôҡҡλεҶĵĹ磬շĽֵ˻֮ؽ
ֻؽʱж̣ԭסʧ٣ֵϿŻǻѣĴǵ˼ٳŷפһЩ̡
ӦڰҶָʾλýͣǰӤǰ
ΪпֶιڶӣʱˣҶһؽ֮ӤþͱĳרŰܺߵĵطдӤõһá
Ժһ¯¯һȼ𣬿ɼ޳Ҷ֮ǰո˹ݹ
޳ҶĴҶ˫Ŀʢˮץ޳֣˫ţ֡
ǰģҪάĻ͸ǰݵָ
һҶĴͿ޵òѣﻹ֣ܾﳤĺӡ
λ˿ԭӤﳤģվſѯҶġ
ҶĲһᣬͷǵġǣ
ɨˣ㻽ɡ˲ӣЦţ㺰֣ܱһֵģҲҶˣλ棬λ
ллҶ̧Ÿ棬һ·߹ȥĿǴССλ뿪֮ǰӤưܵӣһʹֵ
޳֪ôοֻý֣ţ쳣ء
ˡмĵͣ¡
Ҷ̧ͷмλߵλ˶дţҶ֮λ
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޳ӹȼһݸҶģһϹ£ְ¡
ãֹ˻ȥǻлҪ˵ӣԼ˳ȥ
֡Ҷ޳֣ᣬЦţҰ˵ķҵһֵиˣҴ㿴ܺãӦҲģΣһβɣ˵ڶΣǳˣҾûμеˡ
ҶţһһϣܿʪһƬ
֣Һ޳ǰӳˣ˺ܶˣҶرãյ˺ööף׵죬Ǿ͹ˣ˳Ϣ
аҿ̵Ĵ壬˽õ˵лѧôء
Ҷ߶߶ģϸ˵뿪Щ飬޳һҵȻãؼһڵȵȣһ׮׮һ޲ö˵һһЦġ
޳һĬĬ󱳰š
ȵҶ˵ˣ޳֣صֵֶλ˰ݣһ˵֣޳Ǹĳ׵Ǹˣл͵ⱲҸ顣ڣҶúϧֻҪһҾͼܲԿίİɡ
޳˵ֿ꣬һͷ
֪ǲǴ޳оԼȥһ˲䣬һ촵
޳̧ͷ¯ֱϣƮֵλǱ紵ӣҲû롣
޳ֽ꣬Ҷķģɣˣָˡ
Ҷķ֣Ӧţá
վ֮ҶĻûߣ޳ļֿλãȵ¯˲ϵȼǻϨ֮ǰŻڵ֣п
֮󣬲תȥ
תһɲǣǻ˺ü£ʧȥ˹ֻʣ¹ͺͺĸӡ
˸þЩάƿͳţֱӦڸӼĬʲôҲûʣȥҿջ
￴Զȥ̾˿תˮͰĨȥˡ
˿ջҶĻڱ˵֮Уһ跹˼ӣ޳ο˰Σһ²ߵӣֻöˣһһι
Ҷ㶵س˰룬ҧһŻζŲŻع
޳ţҶŤС޳ļ
޳ţ
ι˸ôͱŸˣ
ҶĴӴϱҵ̵۽Ķ³ͺˮлζѹȥ׷޳ˣιҲ㣬Ͳôһ;ȥ֪֪
޳ŤӱܿҶĻӵûСȭͷΪԼ⣺ûԲҲǹģ
ģҶͣ¹
ģ޳ͷ
ǾͷŹһңԼԡҶĳ֣ôһ֣ǵѹɢˣҲûãҪģǰˡ
޳ڲˣҲģݸģЩá


283 ⣺Ҷƪ꣩
ݹ֮һм˱·سǣ;羰鲻ͬķףʮ죬ĸ˻·ϡ
һһȻٸ·޳һ£ӦڸӼ˱̴񡢼¯˳ʳģ׼ѩѴˡ
ѽҶĴ֣Աȡů˱޳ºͶʵʵģֻ¶һ˫۾
˻䣿޳ӵһߣ뵯ĶͷĶͷѾˣֻźشָ
ҶĲ죺۸ˣΪʲôôٲ䣬һ˶ɹ
ĸ˵ọֻ́Ǵ¾Ͳˣֻ£Χ磬Դһסˣ䣡
Ҷ⻰һЦתͷȥӦڸӼ͵Цء
Ҷѩӹȥ̫ˣԳЦң
ӼЦضѩаֽ̾ǰѷ˳Сˣ֮ǰ˾Ƿˣ˵Ϳģڣѩˡ
ӦϪҨЩˮŻտʳķŽϣʱζƮ˳
Ҷӣѽ
ٵȻܳˡ޳Ц˵һ߽ƺõļľŵԱ߿š
ҶĿڿϣˮҪŶӳԿ
þûԿˣûţ
޳һЦȺȵůůӣɫûеʱԡ
ðɡ
ҶĶ˶оеˣȥժԼñӣκδ̫񣬸첲ˣ˰ժһûȥԲԲһѩȦ޳һԿЦòС
ӦںͺӼľͷһĻҲЦ
޳ȦЦǰΧ
ҶѾϰԼȡˣԸժñ˶ҲôȡЦԼ˫ϥ۰ͰͶŻ𽥱ɫҿʼɢζĿ
ҹȻҰģǳߺʳĶ㣬ĸΧҲһꡣ
һϢһ죬̻ؼңʱһ·ﾰʱ֮˹ͺͺ辺żֵĴׯǰããѩ
ˣҶҲڱ棬ֻѪʱ޳ЩСԣżϼȻֵĻ޳࣬ӵҲ⡣
գЩʰɾ֮ЩƣҶı͸ԶԶиںӰ֪·ʲôƷææˣηηˡ
ҶĿһۣûϣû߶ãͷʹ˰Ӧڵ
㣬ˣ·ߺиСҪȥ𣿡
ӦһٶȽͷķеԼԼ÷кӵĿҲ̫ȷ
Ҷ֮ǰǸӰǰӤõʱ򣬼ÿ¥ϿſӰһӰ֣Ӥþͻһӡ
Ҷһ˫ü𣺡ȥɡ
á
ӦӦȥʱͱһٹ㣬ˣǸӣ
ӦźӣҲ֪ôˣǴ٣ģô󣬵һŻеԴʱһôûС
ܱ߿в̽޳۴޵ĺӱ
ͷȻѩͣˣǺôСһѩҪǷӵ˵ε
̽ˣûˣһׯˣ㿴
ӦڳûԼִһֱֶҪû֪ˣ
̽ˣ˼ҹӵġҶѹŭ⺢ӣҵļˣҲӲٴαˡ
ô֪޳ɻ
ӦҲգ֪˫
Ҷ򴽣ʮֲˬոһӰ뿪һӣǰ͵͵ӤöӵЩһҪû´⺢ӣǸŮ
ģȵǳ˲뿪ҲǲûˣҪǰҹӳӲز۵ˡ
ӼͣԼҲܹ˽һҶⷬŰӦں޳һͬʱһڹ⡣
ģҪҪСŮɰ˾ǣ
Ӽһȭڳϣƥ˼Ӧæƥ侲Щֽͷôš
ֽͷȱӣҪֵõӼ˵
޳ʶҶġ
Ҷԥһ£޳䣺Ҫɣ
Ȼ޳ûҪӣ֪޳ϲСģңԼҲҪСԺ޳æʱʹźӵȴʱ⣬ӦþͲôѰˡ
޳ҶҲİ壺Ǿ
˵СҶһСԱ޳ҶĻûϡСӦںͺӼѾΪ˭ܶ౧һ¶ˡ
ǮǺð£Ӧڽǰָ˼ׯû˸Եϵˣһ壬ûþŸӵĿˡ
ͬеĻеɷͰĺӣҲ˼ⲻ
˺ӣһ˾ͶһЩЦôһ·صسǡ
سǣ޳ͲòæˣҶҲʼϹȫ̡Ѻ
ؼҵİһɺѵ֧֣޳ӺܿͿϴǼʴһЩӪ·ÿͥУû׬˸
޳յҶ˵׬Ǯ׵ãصأĽ档
տʼΪ޳Ҷ˵Ĺϵˡ
Ϊ⽲ŽģʱʱͨطԱ忪ѧáӤþǮʱʵȵȣǰаΣйԱ̵ֱ֣Ƶ̣Щۣ˸˵ˡ
ԽԽҲԽԽ࣬ѧ·ȵȣƸ䲻̣Ҳʢÿÿٲһޡ
ҶڽԸϰôм֮Ϊ˱ӣ㲻ڽ巻ԼɣֻÿһƷ֮󣬽ֳ͵ȥżҲŽóһЩѶȽϸߵĵӡ
֮˸ʱĥҶĵļ˾ԼķҲ棬Ҳ˲ټҵ
ǺӱΪҶѩûʲôرĺ壬Ǻһڲô׵岮͸ǵչ³ģƽ̫ڣ͵ҶĶܲˡ
ϻʱ򣬴ͱһ֣ѩ֣Ϊڴѩҵġ
ǻѬֻ츳ҶѩСʱչʾ˾˵ľ츳һʮ꣬޳ͽӸԼҶļɽˮ
һ·ţͼĵʽ¼׸ѧԹѧӿ۽磬䣬вɲᣬһΪ֪ѧ֮У˵֡
꣩


284 ⣺ɩƪ1
طãӦȡΪˮû˼޶ƻﷸܽǿ׼ҶС㣬û취
ոտʼʱԸίȰˣСŮˣӵڳ˵ԼߵԶε˵κξܾĻίģݾģº͵ģ񶾵ģֻҪģһ
棬ʵǲţֻܲȡ䴦ˣ
Ϊһʱ䣬ͻ֪Ѷˣǣ׶Сʵھˣûдϻð˿ӦҲȻӰһߡ
ģرۼͺ񵥴رӰӣӰ첻£ûעʱעⲻһһߡ
˼ʲôҲû˵ʲôҲû£һүǶҲ˵ʲôõĻ˼ңҲֻ
һȻֵӦˡ
ڿˮʱʵҲûŮ˶ʾкøУû˭Ǹ׶Сһֻ֣Ҫһ˵ܾĻЩСǾͻ֮ġ
Щеģȥʱϰ참ֳһ֮ǼԶԶˡ
Ҫ˵ŮһȤûǼٵģһͳˣҲҪһѽÿͬŰ갸̵ҫ׼ʲôóԵģжƤɰĽòС
ҵһʺϵ̫ˣټǶּӢ֮һڡ鰸ưֳ߷õģ͸ûʱȥӴŮˡ
żҲ룬ҪͿ׼ҶСˡ
æֳæһݣǣÿһ뷨СڳԶӣȻźشͷ
ԷԲһȥŮҵ˼ϸ壬տʼƻţָԷɶģý
طôҾ൱һʱ䣬ûȻ
ΪʲôͬȡȡûʣΪǵĴ𰸶һ£ôõһϹ˿㣬㻹飡֪ɣϽȢˣ˼ͨ˸˿޶
طоԼ߽һͬôתƲֲ˼ֱȥˮ˵˸ıСڳԶϰߣ˼ҾвҲ취
ԴҪǿǶС뷨̲֮סעСȻֻ͵͵֣Լ˭Ҳû
ûĲ֪һľͲˣһͨ۲ֻĶ˳Էϰߡ
ת޳Ҷĳһ졣
طˣûסһЩϸ޳ǰֵܻԼҵļǲһ뿪ʱţоڿһͷˮĵġ
Щ׵ģͷҲһŻͷǿˮüһԼĸǶСõֵһ̾ͲӰˣһȻǲ
ҪȻƵôô죬֪
Ϣ֮䣬·ϾֻʣͿˮˡ
طԼеңźϺϣ˵
д治ѣƼ˿ˮϵϲںҹﲻ˲ĺΡ
ÿطʶ롣
ˮҲû˵ϸ۵˫ֽеӣɼҲǽŵġ
˾ôڴվã滹紵ˣЩܵضԿˮϵģҹ·Σգȥ
ʱ˵Щʲô·ô߻ȥģط嶼ǵˣͼǵãʱˮ˵ԼҪȥʱӦáЩн͵ջʱ۾ر
ѵʱطԼе֣ô˵أѵʱ鶼е㷳ģһΣȻеã
˼ѪһԼʰɾȥʳ˿ջãһ۾ͿˮһԼСͻȻһһƽôһ˲䣬Ͼ͹Цݣ۾ҲŹ⣬ţ鶼еȸԾ
Ŀ̫ȣҲԼôһ˵˼طŲһ£˸䣬ߵˮһ¡
ſˮһ𾪺ͺεľϲط̲ס̾С⸱ģеɰ
ΪһӵˣԼӦñֵóһ㣬ɤӣеȸԾѹȥʿˮ㡭Թ𣿡
ǣˮµؽϳԵ߰˰˵ӵݸԱߵ澣ЦŶҡͷûعӿҪһţ
ط幢ֱҪѿڶûԹһôģ
ڵʱȻӦԭȵĻȥԼĿˮǺ˸
ȡȿȿȣطһ߿һ߰ûڣԼôˣȻԼĿˮǺ˵ȥҪЦ
Լڿ׶СҪۿˣʦδ
ˮطһҪȳļƣҲ˲Ůܲˣæȹܵȥı


285 ⣺ɩƪ2
ءش磬㻹𣿡ˮطıһƬ
һԼɫصһˮȥˮطԵƵʻˮӹ͵طߣҪȵˮԿܻܲһ
طû룬ֱӾֺ˴뱭ˮֹסҪĿԡ
ˮûϵűӣǺ죬ط嶼ֱűӶڵûع
ô죬ʲôӣԭش綼ǲģȴؿջڡڻֱӾֺˮ
ǲǻе᣿
طһӣֽǸոգлл
ˮæҡͷ˵ûûµġ
طҪһԣ֮ǰûڣãһΣֻȡһѡ
ǣһԸЩ˵
ˮ֪Ҫ˵ʲôЩִٲáõġ
Ȳ˵Ŀ϶طҪôڣˮٳٲ˵ֲҾֱ㶵ضֻõͷ˼롣
ϣشһβҪ˵ЩܾĻˣһͷȻֽƿܲˡ
ˮﰵš
Ѿ̫ãѾû̫ʱˡ
֮ǰĸѾһΣҪǻûĻҪȥܼİţԹȥס
ȻһֻΪȫԼһ롣
ϸش磬Ҳϣ࿴ۣˣȥ֮ش¾һ޽
ΪһΣҲֻǼӰӣȴû뵽ش˵Ҫؿջ
澸ţǸĸģȭõ澣Σգǣ᲻ãش൥һֻһ
ؿջ·ϣ˽Ųû뵽شһ仰û˵ֻߣʱʱתͷۡ
ҹصջ֮һϣ澵Ȱ˵֮£ԼƴһѣٽԼش˵һΣ˵شӦأ
ǰúúõģش磬̲סӳˡ
ˮҧҧȥˡ
ͬʱطҲ¶˾ġ
ش硭
С㡭
ͬʱһ㶡
ˮĿһԼָͷСط壺Ǹش˵ɡ
ش˵ǾܾĻͲһȡˡ
طеˮǸ롭һԡ
ˮɻԡʲô
Ǹһ
Կܲһ𡣡طؿ֪Щһֱߣ֮ǰ룬ҲӦ㣬ӦûԼ뿪ȥʺϵˡ
ûУҲϰĴڣǰʱҾ˵ˣһֱûҵᡣ
ֻҾ벻ֱӾ˵ˣһԣһ£Ŵһ£ҪǺʣ㻹ϲҵĻǾͳףҪǲʣԵҪ˷Ѵ껪ˣòã
ˮ˫ۣϲò֪˵ʲôã˺þãŻعϵЦôѹȥԡȻǺõģشԸᣬˮм
һ£һ£ɲɣ޻ڡ
֮еĻش𣬿ɼˣſˮ׿˵á֣ط廹аϲ
ʱС˶˹ȷ˶ںãطʣոգҲлҪ˵
ˮóԸãЦӯӯض룺Ҫ˵ģشոն˵ˡ
ش磬Ϭ
طһμôЦ·üĿдƵģɢﰵǳֻʣǳǳЦ⣬յľ֣رˡ
ˣŸոշ֣Цԭоѵġ
˵Ĵʻ࣬Ǿãüëÿ۾㣬촽Ҳÿһ𣬸ƵģĶÿ
طĿ̫ͣãˮЩڣӶҪòˣش磬ҵϣմණ
طع񣬸æƿĿ⣬ɤӣûǣҲŸոշоѣЦͦÿġ
ˮԣѸٺǣشϲĻұࡢЦһЩ
ط̺ϣԼЩ죬˰죬֪ôӻǵ͵͵Ӧһš
źܵ˼ζûĶĻ
ˮģûסЦˣֵľ̾Ŀ·˶̲סͷ࿴ۡ
شͦصģôеɵ
ˮЦŽûнش磬԰ɡ
طԼ϶ǺһƬЩεؽлл
زٿô˶вãöô죿ҪǶСˣûһ¾;ûˣȥ


286 ⣺ɩƪ3
طôţ⣬ȸʱԼ⣬Լ᣺Ǹҡƽġ
ˮһЦ֪ģشԣż
û뵽ش绹һ棬֮ǰ۲ûϸ¡
ţáطͷӦá
һѾ磬ͶˣҪʱ䣬һһһ뷹ûˣ׼Сӷʱ򣬲ŷֶĿˮƵسš
СķӲССڵس˰졣
طֵĶһ£Ȼ뵽һ
֮ǰ׶СѾԹˣһԣ˵ԼûԣССڳԷӣӦѾԱˣֻԼԡ
֮ǰϵԶʱǲѾԱˣȻôССڵ˳ԣ
ɾʹˣ
ǸС㡭طԼӦʳɳƺոճڣ־Щðûм˵ȥ
ˮɻôˣ
طҡҡͷû
ˮͣ³ԶĶԥһ£شֱӳƺҵְɣҽش磬ȴҶС㣬ܸо֡
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ˮһ̱Цˡ
Թ緹طˮһ֣ˮȻûоܾɣҲȥˡ
չ󣬰յĺɰ˽ֵ˿У֮ȣ˱Ҫö࣬еĽֵģ޳еУֲµҲС
ˮٹĽ֣˻˲ʶرãЩ˼˾ˮ䣬ˮ͸Ӻˡ
ֻܸһߵˣһߣֻܿԼãͣͣģעȫڱϣû˼ֵȤ
ط忴ȥߵߣԼסһߵȺ
һطߴģԴˡ
û°ɣطʡ
ˮҡҡͷû£û뵽سǣ˻ͦģ֡
طվߣýˮŵϵѬ㣬ЩԳĥĥһԼ̫Աط巢֣澶ȥܱߵ̡̯
ܶ඼ûװ޵þ¸ţÿһҵ궼ԼķĶϡŹֵģˮܿ£˵һһ̯ܵӸǰȥֻ֣Ŷǣŵط֡
طͷԼϸ֣ٿ˷ܺģ룺ֺĵģҲúÿ
ԼС֣ͺ˿עȫϣۼط忴ԼСĿתӣٿһֱûɿ֣ûסЦ
Сôĸ飬˵һóԸ
ˮ˰С̯ϵСֻĸȤ濴ֿѡѡѡһľԷܵؾٵطߣش磬㿴
طȥľߣģɫŻֲͦʧһ˲䡣
û뵽СϲΪϲССèɶɿɰС
ϲطʡ
ˮͷţ
Ǿ򡣡ط˵תͷϰ壬ϰ壬߶Ǯ
ʮһϰæأջش˸Ǯתȥûˡ
طûͭ壬һȥϰ壬Ҫһˡ
ϡϰǸʵˣЦǺǵؽӹһһһߵݹȥһ԰ɣøһģնԶ
ǹʮˣٸλһҲ׬ˡ
ط壺
ϰҲ̫ۼЩ
ˮطûӣԼֽ˹طллش磬߰ɣ
ط񣺡ţ߰ɡ
ľط͸ˮĵһˮϧһ·ʱʱó߿һۣ˵ģøߵطЩζ
׼ҲǸŴˣ׼ҼԺֻп׷һŮˣΪ׼ҶСĿˮҪʲôûУȴƫƫΪǮһʮĵľ߸˳ǰԼܾʱ򣬻ָĳʲôء
ΪԼǰһûƵģҲ֪ôġ
տʼ˻Щн潥ģʲôʲôط嵱һ·ĻʹߣС֪Ĳ̫һ
֪ĶС㣬ģСģӵģһֶСʵǸģģеģʲôĸϱ߶
ǰСС˵ĿˮٿһѵСطǰšܡӦǿˡ
С㣬˽¶ģطĲ澣Сʡ


287 ⣺ɩƪ4
ҡҡͷū澽ղŵСߣΣū澲֪
֪ҲܽҪ˵ʲôعӺСɲ˵ĻɾʹˣعӻԼ۲ȽϺá
طûõ𰸣ҲûôΪ澣֮ǰȷʵûڶС߹
ˮòСˣݣ˳ܵطߣһش磬һ㳢
ˮ˫ؿط壬ڴطþܾС˽ӹлл
˵һڿеСϵӣȻ޵
ˮĳˣһӾ¶˳£شϲͺá
طӴŮһĹԭ޳޳Сʱ;ͺأСͷƵģʱףĸоۣµ۵֡
طˣطǸǸŮǿˣȻطʱغֵģǳ֮ȤҲû˼һȥ
Ƚ϶С㣬һǱ˭ׯûôεģεģδֲ꣬Ǳ̬Ҳûע⡣
ˮ㣬طĪԼееͷʶָ̧æȥµǰ߰ɣֵͦ
ˮ֮ãá
˵СС£ǰ棬ƵƵͷ˿һ㡣
˽֣һȥ¥˵飬ʱܿ͵˰طҪ˽ˮһԷ
һĿˮʲô֣һͨŽ˵ݸط壬ط˲ˣּƲ˾Ͳˡ
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