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1 װģˡ
ʮСʱķɻ۵ùǺջصһƣͷ͡
һǽϵĹӣ8һ̡
Ӳӵġ
ϰʱ˯
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һԴӼ˺֮һֱûϵ˺ţȻĵطһϢ
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껹Ǿ꣬ʱѾǲˡ
벻δϢһȻ̵ش򿪶Իȥ
ɸɾģΨһһСƵϢ⣬ʲôûС
Ϣķʾǽ賿3㡣
ʱ䷢ϢˣڹյȦＸûС
΢΢۾ԼǸƺܶǰͳˣҲʱĹϵɡ
ޱص㿪СƵ
ӭĻһƬ׵ɳ̲ĺˮһĲ˵Ƥ˽ɳ̲Ļת˲ֺȥ
ֻһˮʪɳɫ·һȴĸ飬ʧɫ
ûʲôһƬĺҪصƵ
Ȼһ͵سھͷһ
ͷ˦һͷ˳ֱĳһǰӭź磬̧ű紵ø߸ķ˿
΢Уһ飬ԵüΪܵµĺ⡣
΢ƫͷü۴Цͷ
װģˡ
ɤźķͺİһԵشڽƵ
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ţŮǲ֣ѵõģ׵ʡ
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תתӣڹպŵֻĻ֮ƶ
ܣôĺţѵġ
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ףӰӻһɷæߺ˵һƬʹȵո͡
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ΪһҲģΪĽƾ˾ռĿꡣ
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ӣԹȦڵĵλĸĸŮǹָͷ£ô꣬һŶûУòˡ
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ϵֵȻ޿޵ģҲǱ׼Ĵˣؼǣһѩ
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꣬ѧУΪѡϺѩ˭У۲ݣֻҪͬʱ֣Χͻ
ʱѩ͹ͬ࣬ǹš
ԣ϶ѩӡ̣һЩҧгݵԹ



2 
ϴӳȥһɫζȫͣ°ҹȥ˳ֵľưɡ
һϣصҶѾࡣ
ڿĵ̺˯ֻʮδ綼û
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㣬Ҫ˸ӣЩδ϶ǹ˾ʦģ
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أûýô¸Բȥ˾ʲô绰
ͨˡָֻʼ硣
ţԣסűϢСֻ
á
绰ͷЩ䡢ȡ
ãϵ𡣡
һһ飬ˡ
ǣǣʲôԸ
Աط˸ۡ
ܾǿɵѾͷż񡢱룬һ궼ˣʲôʲôԲȫ벻ˡ
绰Ǳߣ˵һỰӾһĵͷǡֱԷҵ绰ֻ
ֹȥһš
ʲôŵ绰Ρ
͵վһ
ʲôͻȻˣ
żת˫۷ض
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Ӽһ״ΣЩŮɷĸһ
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Ů˸һĲȫУѽͺʹ׸졣
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ӴؿһᣬòϣƯеˡ
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Сʱ󣬳ӹ¸߼ţתһĴϵ￪ƻĵص㣬ǼƵһ¥
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Χ½ıͣ޵ذ߾ۼϵϡ
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ٴγҡҡϵľƱ
ϵıҲãŸɴһ˴¡
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ẬأͷоҺһ
ЦҲͷԼеľȥ
ͷƵĶķ˿ȥ¶Ĳ
򴽣մڴߵľҺȥ
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ĿڵϣĴʯӳиĹӰ
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һתͷȴϤüԼļϡ
Ƥףһմƾ죬ʵʮ־ˣȴΪΪʤ
˿̣ľƾؿϡ
գҺۡ
Ӭ˵
յͷһ£ȹ֣΢΢ա
ԭܺСʶˡ
Ա˴ȤǱζĿϷ



3 §§
Ŵû˵
껹ڶУҶûȹƣҲϵľΡ
ڵϴһ
Щڣ³çظϺȾơ
ƻŸոտʼϾѾˣһԼϣʵڲ̫ʡ
Ϊ˱ܿΧЩȵĿϷĿ⣬ֻܷ뿪
Ͽݣѹڹռͷȴᡣ
ճеҪˤȥ·ߵÿĿİ
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˵ߵͣ˺üء
һΣЩѹϵȥ
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պòװ˷ÿڵϣڳ˸绰
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ͷһֻȦԶԶŵһԵݡ
һԵϣһİɫ˶£˳ĳԺһˬͦصСܡ
Դ֪ס׻ԴãϾͿʼĴø飬һżȻĻ֪гܵϰߣÿ룬նȥ׻ԴøؽС·ܲ
סĹԢ׻Դ֮һβľ룬ܹԢ¥µСҲܺãУͥԺģ׻ԴλȻЩࡣ
׻ԴнСڵķΧ󣬵Сţؽ۾С·
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ûվڽߴ磬һܡ
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ƵţǶ˺Žߵʿо˶ࡣ
ԴڹѧҵԺжʱ䣬ҹϢ֪ҹߵȶЩϲϺȾƣڸ־ưݵҹŻؼң峿Ŀʲôġ
Ź*ҵɾͣԼҲ·ɣûеഺ
û뵽ΪһգȻһٵĸо
ϲͷŻƽĽ棬Цһ
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˦˦ֱϵļƤ׷һϴĨЦһֿһ
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Ȳ˵ϣһŮˣžţָʹȥɻ;ԲԶ֡
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ǺܾǰˣǸʱ򣬷·ĳ־Զļ䣬Сĵڲĵף˲֪ԼҲЩ䷭ҳ
·ôͿ԰ʱһЩ˼Ĩȥ
Ǹ˵뿪ʧʱ
Ǹ뿪ˣȻֻˡ



4 һˮ⡣
յɫ˳̧ͷָֻ糣
ϺͿӵͷٻᡣ
˵Ҫܿˡ
ıӰԽԽԶȻ׷ȥ
һɣҲǸ
ղͷ˿û˵ʲôؼţߵ˸Щڽûʲô
ϸղһ˶ûʲô
䣬ƽʱҲǹġ
Ϊ˴ֳĬգϾЩġ
͹Ҳûʲôͬ⡣
ȥֻһ»ȥˡ
ҿ˿ܣЦöûڱ仯ܴ󡣡
ԣյ۽գգءšһ
е㷴Ӧˡ
ٽ
ûǰѧУýܡ
˵ŲԾһЦ
Ҽǵãǰ̹ëء
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Ťͷԥһ¡
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ƤܰףϸŤ˴΢΢𣬻ЩϺϺġ
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̧һղ԰׵ɫ˽ƺܲܡ
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նЩ⣬һᣬ̵ش𣺡Уҩ
ϳˬʵЦЦֽ
ҩͺãȥɡ
˵ţ׽סյִԼϣùտԼվá
նľٶƺЩϰߣգ΢ɫ
ϼվŲҲָ·˵
ȥҲ㣬ҿȴȥıЩҩŤһҪʱҩܺõÿ졣
ȴeҡͷ˵ˡ
ȻѸϼϵջأסΣСĵҽš
ҽһ룬״һʹüͷŲס
ԱߵϼϽס
߲·ģҷɡ
ҧŴƺһᣬڷǿΪ
Ǿͣ鷳ˡ
µ˵ţ·̫Ըȴֱѡӡ
Ͽӣ˹
ɫ糣ؿȥٴ׽󣬽ֱۻԼϡ
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ż˵仰ȵĺغڹյĶԡ
ƤۣȽУܿ죬Ķⶼˡ
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ѩ϶˵ʺ֮⡣
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׻ԴõĴžǰ漸Զ
Цϵˣ㻹ðɣټһ¡
˵ŻϺ͹ͬʱתԷ㲻䣬ýˣǼűǼ⡣
׵ͻȻһƬ
ϳųܣһˬҲûôױ
ǳ۵Ĵ΢΢ſĴڳзӨĹ
һĭͻȻЩ
˲ǳݣһ֡
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ûлױĹƽʱЩͬ
۾ܴ˫ཱུģݣȥഺ˵ĴѧŮ
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ͱȽٻϿάһΪְ󣬽ؾ˵гһıɽˡ
ʱ۵ģȴƽʱԶ
յ˿ҲǷգķɫףһ㶯ͺÿţԼܸо˫շȣ϶ȥòС
ںڵԱߵһۣ߳СͷЦ⣬ݰףˬ
ƺδոյ֮ٶΡ
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ݿ߲֡
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ڵݵ޿ռڣպȻǰ̫ˣЩƺ;ִٲ
ԴģظŸղϰݵ֣ܳܺÿ
ԽţԽǾȵ
ҲԼôˣǺܾûЩİˣ̫ϰߡ
ŴϵļƿЩһ롣
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ҶСˤš
ϵƺһ˿ƽټᣬŹյĶ
յӽһ£Ȼһؿϣֱٴδ򿪡
ϲŹ˳ؿԼϵˣ̲ס䴽һЦ
صɳ£վãڿԺˡ
ղŵĪĽЩΣǾϽϴˡ
죬лл㣬ȥʱҹһš
˵ϸϸģȫûڹ˾ơ
ʵǹձӡ
ڸղŵĽδƽһʱ˿Ӫĸ裬ǰָԭģ
ίȴûԸ˸ߡ
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Сؾܾæ⣬ƿߡ
Ĭһᡣ
ű߶һָ׵Ƥϰһ¡

⧲ʹùûסһ
ںڵתϣһˮ⡣



5 Ҫ
Źߵ޹һЦЦ
Ľ׳ˣǿ
ͷŹգĿº庢һȰ
ŤˣҪҩˮһᣬѪܺõÿ졣
ĵӣһһֵ˵ţ滺ŵ˼ૡ
վֿʼˡ
겻մûôӣѵ˳ˣøƯҲø
תߣϵĽҲһСţɳ
ϼ״ü
Ǿܾ˼
ĥԼǲӦ뿪Ȼһֱָۣŵӹķ
ϸֱ۴˶¶̲ס࿴ۡ
ĹգŤŤСŮɰмֿЦ
˳ָķߵӹǰ룬ҵһֻɫҽҩ䡣
ҽҩ䣬ҳʵ׵ҩͣ»صɳߡ
հϥϣֻϤϤҩĽŲ
ȻһֻסĽţһ
ٶһ
𾪵̧ͷȴϺЦ˫
ҪʼҩŶ
ȴǺ庢ӡ
Щرһ͡
ŵˣǸҸղ³çˡ
ĿһֱͣڹϵϿӣŲˣæڵǸ
ϵı齩һ£ҡҡͷ
ûûʲôû¡
Ҳ㲻׽Ϊʲôǰ󣬸оö
ȻһֱЦţǣһЦ
µ񣬼ȻϲϣǾֻҩ뿪ˡ
⣬ʮϣ˳ӵذŤ˵ĽŷŵϵϣһŽţһͿĨҩ͡
ϵůůģ᲻صذҩͿĨں׵Ƥϣƿ
һ󣬹վ;Ľ滺һЩ
׸оԺһ㣬վסˣֵض˶ѽų
Ҷ

յĽűȽСɣѩףһѩɰ
ϵܰסĽţȵġ
һˣҪͿЩҩһᡣ
غţԹհЦЦ
ЦиеЩ
ߵǣԼĽ˺ܾãƤЩУ졣
ǣ˼һһΪԼҩԼȴЩ߰ĶҲ̫ضԷˡ
ձһŬš
˺ܾã̫ãɿ֡
СĵŹյĽţŻɳϡ
ˣɣûоúЩ
һʰҩƿһߴŹյɫ
ܳһһֱڿԼһ£ղϺʲô
һĨЦݣöˣлл
Цʱǳ۵Ĵ΢΢ɿ¶Űװ׵ıݣüģһ
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º͵Цɫȴ֪˼֡
ϰҩƿ·Żҽҩ䣬档
տʰĶڿˡ
ϺȻ̧ͷӭŹմĿ⣬Ц󷽵ʣ
ĳһ𣿡
͵ʱ򱻶Էץϱ齩һ˲Ȼ󣬷ɿͷ
ŵͷĶκͮͮա
ЦЦµת
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˰죬ǿһСʳһ档
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ε³һķ棬ɴҲر
ҪϱţȻһСżȳ
Уǿһ档
ʮ֮һֻ
϶ڳʲôˣְȽŲ㣬·ӿ϶ÿ
Ϊ˲ǰһٶֻɳϵȡ
ϰһðŵɳǰĲ輸ϣںÿӣֱŹա
һ棬ȳԣĽˣȥ㡣
նһǰĴ룬ŵȥĶӿʼзӦˡ
ǳɫķ۴С˵Ҳ
˵ְ꣬һ
ǾͷŰɡ
Ͽķǵӣޱ˵
ȻúԼֻ׼뿪
Ҫˡ
ĬĬ³һ
ߵűߣҪȥʱ򣬹պȻֽס
ͣ½Ųͷ
ﲻ𣿡
ҡҡͷɫЩȻغ˺졣
Ϊʲôع
Ƥʳһֱ̻һ⡣
ΪҪǰϲȻһЦشġ
Ĭһ˲˵̫š
ΪʲôҪǣ
ôƯ˷ˡ

ںƤⷽ棬һֱȲϵģ仰ͱµ˵ˡ
ԥһ£̧ͷؿϡ
ҿ԰㡣
϶ؿһᣬǹһĨ欵Ц⡣
ǡҪ𣿡



6 ⶯
ԣ΢΢һû뵽ϾȻô˵
۵ʱͨ죬æͣá
ҷҪءϴߵЦ˼֡
ʯˣ˵ı鶯Ӳӣ΢ţȴ˵
ϾĽӲųȥˡ
뿪׻Դã绰пӿӡ
ȳĹУŽߵ磬ˬ࣬ϵȶҲͲ١
ջǰ
ϵĴ΢΢һ£ȥ
һңе鷳
ҪЩԼ
Զϻͷ㿴ԼɫܳѾͣ·ߵȺ
㣬ȥˣôֵ
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ЪôᣬںЩˡ
ѵòſҲݣȥ
ûʲô
ӦһҲûʲôˡ
رٻںţ·뱻һ㡣
һ죬ѵõİ֣Ҳ˯磬ƽʱȾƺȵ賿ĵ㣬һؾƿ˯
ˣο̾һ
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ӻսϴĸ湤ֱϣǶ۷ҫʱ̣˸Ρ
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Ŀһ˺Ȼո䣬ֱֱǰ
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ҫĿ£δʩ𪣬š
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ʱڲǰϣлһ˿Ȼ漴üͷ
ܳӲ칤ʳĿǹ˾Ͷʵģտ˳·
û뵽һֱڲϳϵСҲڡ
һˣӦǹܿΪ
˵ֱľͷȻ͵͵˸Ů϶
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ڴӶݵĴлع
һţµĵ˰죬ǵĶĹˣȴû뵽ôȤ飬վȻҲҪһˣǶֵCEOͦС
ԭֱ㶵ŹһˣһᣬʶԼǵ·ɵЦЦһѳܣÿ·
Уյ޵ƮϿȥʱȴƿˡ
νЦЦȴҲû˵ʲô
ֱǶˣųһ̲衣
ǰһĵĮҲģ
ӣȴҪִһռڽɽĴýֹ˾ҲͦΪġ
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ƴȨλȴôġ
̧ͷҫĿĽ۵ӿŨ
ĥһĲӻصױǰš
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ۿӱԼֱۣҪȥķ֣ŵ˺ˣҲԣҲӦòһк뿪Ҳҡ
´βˡЦЦӿ㶵һֽӲȥϵĺ顣
šڴһղźòֵ㣬ʧ٣ںˣ֪Ҫŵʲôʱȥ
˵ţżͷۡ
˵ϰˣʱҪʼ¼ĿץɲС
䴽һЦ
ȻǾֻһױˡ
ңвУӰ֣˼ؾܾ顣
ʲôƽһͺáƺġ
ԡ
ԣҧҧŤױҡȥûױ
ϿæµıӰЦЦ
Ѿͷ˼ççײײǲһġ
ȻƽʱЩЩȴǸѵõĺù
תһƨǽߵĳϡ
Ҫȣ͵ؿӰ̧ĽŲַ˻ȥ
Ĭ룬һЦݡ
ˣɰ
յؿ۵˫ͿĨŨصĴ࣬ڸЩý
΢УһյĴʡ
죬лл㡣յ˵
ЦЦûʲôĽźЩ𣿡
յͷ
⴩ƽЬӣȹס˽ףŤ˵ĵط
֮һʱû˻⣬ЩΡ
¼Ŀû뵽ҲϿʼûһ¼ƽĿĳգǰûġ
ͻȻײֹڳȴԵЩ롣
ϻǸϰ߹˽µӡ
ڹռ￴ۺװµģЩ⶯



7 
ˡһɤŵĽ£ͻأش֮䣬εҲȻ
һֻµСӣææسױҡ
Ȼһࡢ˵Ĺգ𾪵ô롣
ءءءܣ
Ȼڽ߼һˣʽĹϼһׯĹգͦѹȸеġ
ϾִǶ꣬Ѿл
ͻȻӲ֪ĸʮȾϹ
ϣ
ſӻŻʧʧӣȻͷЦ
ЦӰյر˱ۣ޲Լطȥ
ƺӵΣϽЦ̧Դ
Ķ·Ρ
ƿߣҲЩ
ϺͿӵͷת뿪ˡ
һж
ƽʱҲģƺر䡣
ǿһǱߵˣת׷Źճȥ
ղ˵ҪμӽĿĿʽȴһˣӲֵĺɫȹ¶İɫȣһͣͣ
ֱسϣǲعζ
ղŴ˺ߵСֵΪȣǹشܲøòǳԴ˰ɡ
ۡ
뵽̲סЦ˳
ѹ͵ĳͻأһЦԵø̶
ŤͷضŹǡ
ǸϽ̧סԼͣ˫ۣ޹գգ

ɤطԸ˾ת˲ɫƽ뿪ͣ
ӰͻȻֲ֣ߵýĿΪ
ɧҲæ뿪ƽ
ڻױǰһۿĻױ䣬Լɡ
ӿһķ۵ˢݸϡ
ƽʱ뻯ױױļܺã٣ױƷΣӸ߹
Ӿã⼼ַ˦Լ֡
ĿαΪ90СҲʻҶЩûġ
һΪע⣬Ҳûʲôֵһᡣ
ʳĿȻٲ˳ԺֵڣϱĲ˵һУԺһǾԲڻ¡
ĿĹУ˵ľˣһĬĬؿţ棬һȰȵûܾͣͷûжӰøˡ
αŮǱȽ϶࣬ϻŮˮ磬Լʲôˡ
Ǻٻ˽³ȥ棬ûôḻ澭飬һȺ໰Ըѣܿ͸Ůαˡ
Ŀǰ벿ֵ滷ģ벿ҪԶˣʹĲ֡
ܶಽãŮα죬˵Ḷ́ܶŮαæ
Цֵһˣ֣Ĳ˲رãȴҲģ㲻̫񣬲ڲҲ̶á
ĿΪʮÿһ
Ϊ˼ǿڻЧ⵵Ŀ沥ġ
ĿȻûʲôͻı֣κãֵߣԵҲرãػ۲
ĵļв岥¼Ƭӡ
ÿϿ罻ƽ̨˺ŵݲǣЦͶҪѵߡ
㣬۾˵һӣֻҪһᣬһɳ죬ˣ
ʱ˵ƣֻʣµĻΪΨһĹԴ
һ㤿ֲƬİҵķΧ
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۾ŵĿֲ*ƬһϿ޷԰εɵЦ޿̣ޱػһ䣺ʲôʱ˵ֻôû
ɵЦͣһ룬ֽźǺǺǡ
ѽ㣬ôƽϸʲôǰû˵˵Ҳü
ϣ

ݷǵϲõУͻŵﴫһ㤵ĲҽУŵһֻˤȥˡ
תͷſĵӻʣݵˣ˶ٸˣ
ͻȻĻһڵˣ볹׵ĺڰС
ɡʲôӵĪЩ
ֲƬҪ֣߳ͻȻ볹׵ĺڰСĳɭ˵Ŀˡ
һžžવĵشӵĳƮ
ӾֵסԴżС
ƽˣ˯
Ьžžવ죬߻ط䡣
Ƭ̺󣬿һ
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ؽ·ߡ
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͸һʵɴ¡
ˮ峺Ľߣۼ˳˵ǡ
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Ū˿һΣȻûɥĲشӱϳܡ
ӣ벻ģôôݶ飡
Ŀڣʹѵؿߡ
պۣקˣ㣬ôµȥֵģǰǸƽСȥˣ
ϤԺûʸУ¶Ŀ
ʹضſӣĵ˫һˮ⣬һ̣ĵĺù
ҪˣԣĽĿԣĽĿҲԣСˡ
侲һڶתͷϡ
ڸǰһˣԼķ˿˺ԮᣬǰǸߴ˭ʶˡ
ԡڿʼҪĹʳע󣬲ǰСУɵͷ档
û뵽߲ɣȻӷѵһ٣㶵ضſӿ˺һᡣ
ӣͻȻô࣬Һòϰߡ
һͷӣϰҲûã澭ˣ㸺𣬸һŮ󣡡
ʵǰҲ
ڿӶȻǿʢ£Խ˵ԽûԽ˵ԽС
ȻһתǰͷС·ϣһӰʮעĿϸһƣȻǹա
͵վʮ



8 
һ˲ԶԶϷܵıӰɸ̾ŮڱԼɹлˡ
οͳֻ¼ϵ˺ţһwb
ʢĵ糿ɹ
ͼһ͵ĵϱӰա
գwbתﵽ80ÿӳ˳ɾ͸С
׷ǰһϤӰ²س˹ȥ
ˣѽ
Ŀǰ̬С·ܣƺûע⵽Աߵˣûк
ںڵĳ߸¶εߡ
ڼҵ˶̵ͦıϹһξӨĺ飬糿µӳ£ڵĹʡ
ѩ׵С˵ģκλױƷҪÿ
Ͽãһʱۡ
׷Ź˼ԷԼɴܵǰȥ
ЦĵʣɰĽź𣿡
û취װˣ˿С·ǰˣͣ½ŲڼϵëͷϺͲϵĺ顣
Ƥܰף˶΢΢Ⱦһ㵭ɫӨĺӣ۵Ƥϣֱˡ
ϿĶԾʿˮ˽
˫Щ
ˡ
ղź۴³֡
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˶Сסǰ¶ݵߣһ㾫µĶǶڹĶƤ䡣
͸һֽԸе
շɿƿߣһ䣺ˡ
СϻǶˡ
ҲûҼС˵ˣҪҳ˶˶ͳԡ
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ţȻתһȥ
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һæȥۼֿطס
֮䱾ż룬ô˹ȥȻס˹գԼûվȣ˵ȥˡ
ϥˤƤܿһ̺Ѫ
ڰƤϿŴĿġ
ôˣ
ߴѯʡ
̧ͷ㿴Ϲе顣
ûʲôˤһƤ
϶ؿŹյɫʩϷ·жȥαװһ˿ۡ
նϥƬĿ̺죬΢΢ü⣬˿ڴƺѪ˿
Ҽҩȥϵҩɡ
ݸһЦ
ˣһСûʲô
˵ţվվĿ֡
ղ׷Ϲյʱ򣬿Ҳںţֻ˼졣
߹Ժϰһ˳ֱ۴ӵļϣͷԹһ䡣
ԼȥϵҩˣС£õġ
ɫܳڼʻϣỵ̂ͷ͡
ڸòܣ˼ؼң㻹ܾͦɴࡣ
ʱӾ;˺⣬һһ
ղһǧĹܾȻϻؼҩǶѵõϵĻᰡ
Ҳôĵһ⡣
Ů˵ã붼;ܾˡ
ϵϾţɫ֪ʲô
Ƭ̺󣬹˹Ц
ʲôǣշ
ӷ˸ۣһţѳӿ·
ղһ˲ƺ˴ǰĹգǸ¶дϵŮ
ǰһߣ˻һξ룬ŬάλߵȨ
˺ȴһ˿۶زס
̾һ
ĹգЩ֡
ֻǣǸ׼ļƻ
ĳֳ˼УƬ̺ҡҡͷ
ˣǳˣʲô治ġ
ĴǺܿ측һĨЦ
˭ǵǸµСˣ˵磬ӡأ鲼
**
Ժϻȥ¼ʳĿһʱûмգϴȥܲˤȣҲҪȥ˶Ρ
Ŀķͦʱ򣬴ĿŮαš
ŸĿݺһȶȣĿˣӦؽ۳š
ϺλŮαĻ¼񵥶СƵȥ
׽ӰСĿһ׵Ĳһ
㣬㶼ϹһˣȶȻǡ
ڹԢֻˢһ죬жһԽԽ񫣬᲻÷ſˡ
㣬İķ˶
ȿӼܵ״̬Ϊ֮һϣ൱侲
û¼ϵţǲڼһ죬͡ͺͶġ
ϺͲ輸Ѿ˲ͺС
ϺһɳϣûͷƵſһ
ӿȥ¡
㣬һ죬˳Ծ˯ûһ£Сĳʱȥܲ
һͷƤɳͷץץҵĳ˯ط
ôݣĶҡ
ⲻ
ӵ۾һ£㣬Ͽˣ¶ˡ
Ϸ˸ۼš
ʲôÿģô£ĿЧ֪ʲô
侲ǵһ˷״̬ĿӴһ˲
Ƭ̺ع񣬼˷ܵس˵
һ½ĿСƵʲô
Ŀ鷢СƵǰ浹ûʲôرģҲ¼ĿĻһЩһЩ⿻ڻæ֮ࡣ
ƵȴǱȽرģһĽĿʱߵ·ߵĵ߲ˤԱߣַһ
ֻˤķȴ˵㣬ֹȥͳס
ϵĸͷȴ󲿷ŮҪЩĶе˧ʱֳĹԱҲһС
ֻ棬ĿȾһ˷ɫСģ˵ĶӶ·ģһ㡣



9 
ϿСƵ˶Щˡ
֪ջ᲻ῴЩСƵ
ĿҲ̫ˣôڣƺﶼϴ塣
˵Ϊ˲ùˤ·ߵ̻ҲôܲذԼˤˡ
ӦòЩСƵɡ
ſֻڲŵСƵȥûҪȥܲżһ¹գҸ᲻źۼظһεš
֮󣬱طȥ˯һȥܡ
ۿŮĿȵضСƵ˰죬һԵػطȥˡ
ʮ㣬ԶԶûϢʱ䣬ôط̫߳ˡ
³˵Ͷ˼Ŀôһ»ֿˡ
˵ط͵ء
ЩƲƲ죬Ů֮ǰĵ˵Ҫܣܼ˼棬˼ҹƺͦõġ
Ͼǲʶô໨ǲݣûꡣ
ˣôһˣһܿǸ˻Ůˡ
ҲͿ֡
գһȥؽ·Ӷˡ
ҪǸսŵ飬˳ٸúôһ飬ûҪٴݹȥ
ؽ·СţҪ׻ԴøȦӡ
ûͿʼܣһֱ̫ܵϸˣûա
Ѿ۵ò붯ˣҲװˣֱӾ׻ԴôԱߵĳϵȡ
ֵȰ죬ǲա
ϵϰĵˣ˴Ҵææظųȥ
Χܲ˺ֻܶ࣬ʣһЩүƵɢ
յĳڵ³⣬ҪǳȥҲþš
Ǽˡ
˽⣬ճϰ߼˺ܾõģǷĺôȻͲˡ
ѵˣˣ
ͷŴ¥Ķһᣬǿȥˡ
ڵĹϵûкõȥ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ֻǣգȴʼЩ⡣
޾ɵػصԢҲѾˣϴСֵ¡
ѽ㣬һȥˡ
˵ţܵǰ̧Ķͷ
ûɣȻô硣
ƽʱ˹ʮԲˣȻô硣

°ͣ޲˫۱XߣϿԴ
ǣϽ鲻ãԿӰӵĿ޷Ӧ
ĬػصϷţͷ˯
ӽгԷشӷƮһͷĳ㣬ӱƽʱ⡣
㶵ؿȫֵĵ״̬ô¡
оƻŶ
Էʱ򣬿һ߳ԣһߴֻĻˢˢˢ
ԴϵΪʱľˣӱڹ˾ڲĹȺ
ҪһЩʱȺ﷢λСݹгɰš
Ȥıû˱ˣ˾ȥС͸ϡ
ηƻľһȺ
ȺȽ⣬˱Ƚ϶࣬лмһСȺǴˣȺһûʲô˷ϻ
ֻҶϰ˽±Ͼ˭̫͸¶Լг̣̫֪ԼμЩҵ
ڻϢԺȺﰲˮһ
ҲǶһ䣬֪϶ЩȤʮоŵŴζȥΨһȥһλ˵ڳŰͰ͵ظϹȥ
Ȼ˵֮Աߵһ㷴ӦûУһľҧŷ͵Ķ⣬һ
ŮǲʧˣķҪַʵûۿĶ⡣
㣬̲סһϵֱۣԶٿˣ㵽ܵʲôҪʹΪʳ
һ⻰ʱ˷Ӧ
Ӧͦ
ֱֻһ˫ķԴǵس
ѾĴʲôñʹģںõúܣ
ĬĬбۿĲš
Ǳ̬ˣʱһˤӣµ
Ҹղֻ飡㣬⣬ûʲô㲻£ûи㲻ˣ
Ŷζصͷ㲻ˡ
˭ѽ
ͻȻյǰգź˫ۣضϡ
𿪡
ƿӵԲ
ȻüͷӼۡ
ǲˣԲġȥз
⻰ԿӼֱ
Ӿֵزӣ˫ذգһૣԲԲˣԲˣ
Ը߶һᣬתԱߵŮˣڼﴩģ𴲵ͷûһ¶СģһСû˿׸С¶
ۿճԽ⣬ǣߣһӰ춼ûа
ٴᵽ˱ˡ
һĻŮˡ
ӱð̣ǰһųһСҲˡ
ٴֻתһעĸо
ղŷϢȺһϢ
ӰԵصȥ
ϢһλСר@ܵ
˵ľƻҲȥҪҪǼ´龡˵ǽһг̻ܼһʱġ
仰Ϣɴˡ
ȺǼСרȺ˶ɫĲȥӡ
ûãܵظˡ
½ˣľƻûʲôر𣬹ȥ¶棬½г̰š
һһصģǰϵľƻ͸˸߰˰ˡ
̲סֹû뵽ҲȥֲʲôҪĻ
䣬ֻͻȻʧ
ǸŮǺаԵһԾͰֻȥ
ӹԲԹضϡ
㣬뿴ܲ˵һӲܲá
ϵǺְֻܿ
ӽӹֻһĻʱŵӶ͹



10 Ҫ˭
ۣӾֵشС
ôˣһĮؿ
ͻ˸Ϣô
ӿһһ֪ӣҧ
㣬뱨μӾƻᣬ˵һͺãҪȺ﷢Ϣ
Ϣܷ𣿡ϳһ˲΢΢üͷ
һһһֵش˵ܡ
ϣΪʲô
ӣΪǶ˽ܵģ
ϣղŲȺ˵𣿡
ӷһۣҧгݵ˵ղŷϢǹ˾һߴ㣬Ⱥ࣬ЩСĸðͷ
ŶϵӦһһҲû£ٿˡ
ʵһ֪ͰϢˣ
ӿ˿ûзʡ֮ϣ޲һԹӡ
ϧǣ򲻹ϣֻĵ롣
ʱϾͲҪȦӵġ
絽ػӣȦʲôأЩСһŲ֪ӸͷһҲǼǲסġ
ˣʼ磬һ䣺ûϵҲʲô¡
Ӵֱᡣ
ȦӦöҲϸѴġ
һĳԺ֣ҵĶûС
Ҳ֪ôǮ
ÿֻϢȺһᣬлظ
ǣܵҲû뵽ȻֱȺﱨġ
ȷϵĻظ϶ʱ˾°ʣµС࣬Ȼطϴϴ衣
Ǵͷϴһ顣
ٴγʱȫ¶Ʈ
ӵ޳ŮˣԲ£˵
ֻ²ۡ
ϺǸˣǾһڶĻ
վڿǰɧزŪ˳ֱķ˿ֵʣ
ӣ˵ҽȹӺã
ĿԹضͲ˵
ڷĲԾü
ôˣ񣬺Ƿٸڡ
ԣӺˣָָ̧Լ
һ˲ɼעϡ
ĹĵģȥԲˡ
ڷ⡣
ͦɰġ
ǸԲ֣ڿӼԹĿ£˻ȥʱ˿ڡ
ӱǿ߳һ
㣬ԳԳԣôóԵĻؼң˼ԽԽˡ
ĵ죬ĿȴСϴת
ĻŮˣԼԲ֣ȴ˼ιˡ
ߣ
ϸܵɢŨԹ
ǸҲǿܽܳ¼ĿۻˣŪóԵĲǺǡ
ӲĸЦܿЪȥ
°룬ȻضԿ˵
Ҿһ㶼֣ǻᣬݵһһŮζûУֻ΢һ⣬֣ŮҪеԸѽ
˵꣬ſ˸ۡ
Ťͷһ¡
Ů˵Ļһ䶼š

ͷ˿Լ־ϵĻҲЩ
ֻǱǰһ㣬㲻ֱ֣Ҳ֣Ҳûô⡣
ôţƺֿЩ
תغһ
ҪʲôԼ룬һСƻᣬզզء
˵꣬߰Դվطȥˡ
ϻ³һ
ںˣȻû˸ȸɿˡ
ϵȹӡ
ѽɳ°һᣬȥһµġ
ԼĳͣûбȽʽĳȹ
ϴȥƻһ֪ĸÿˡ
һεȹӣٴҲûʲô˼
Ҫȥһȹӣģܰѹչס
ڵվط任·ţ·ӷʱ˳üš
ȥˣ̲֭ܣӦоа
ϳһ飬ߡ
Ȼӵķźܿʹˡ
Ҫȥ죡
ԩҾȥ֣·˳㡭СôҹɣͲɰŶ
Բɿˡ
Ůˣ˵ʱͱĨۻ𣬲֪жŮ˱ת
ⲻոţתȥˡ
Ҫȥȹӣڵġ
ϻرޣʮ껹û۵ģ˺ü·ӣֵͶϲ£ˡ
ϾϹЩ궼رӣƽʱǿȥġ
һֱ䵽̫£ϼʱϲѡһɫȹ
ٶƻҪʼˡ
ϸɴ಻ؼˣҵָĵĿǲ߼͵ꡣ
ϽһװޱȽʱдݵꡣ
ֵ˶ǻ۽𾦵˾߽ȥժϵĴī곤ϳˡ
˵ϻǴϵһ߶ĽĿúܺãҲԽԽߣټųһ֪ȴǡ
곤سӴϣڿŴСȫƷƣЦøˡ
һȹĵױһͷ
ڵȫǰóĳȹһ¡
Աߵĵ곤ſھͿ䡣
СãɫȹͦˣҲָƤְ׵Ĳܳŵȹӡ
곤˵ţóױ
Ҹ㻭Ըһױݣѹȫɱķ
⻰ͦˣе곤Ūõ㡣
һѶȥȺɳ£һ̲š
ڵˣһӶɱƫƫҪϻױͣûһСʱܳɡ
Ŀֻ̲ܿ
Ӻ̲裬ˢֻԴ˯ʮӣڱѡ
ˡ
ϵͷ̧ͷһ
ϻɫȹӡ
ȹӳƷϯʦ֣֮ţԸعճ
ȹӲ׹мãϣ߶΢΢㲨ˡ
ҹĳϫԣ˻ǡ
곤ױļȷʵϱٳеø޶ˡ
ķڲνӰ£ԵԨ·ܽ˵һ㡣
ſͣ鲻Խ̾һ
㣬Ҫ˭



11 ˽
ϿķӦ΢΢¶˵Цݡ
Ȼ㡣
˵꣬һۣͷ뿪
ں濴׿ԼıӰһ¿ˮ
кϷˡ
ʶôãδôĴԼһˣĲ壬Լеһɱ
곤յһʷĴͣЦһģںһ£С߰ӭ´ι٣
ӿһ磬ԾȥȻԼȥʻ
ݹ˾Ķλƻڽһ¾Ƶٰ졣
ȥʱͣͣС˺һҵһλ
ûھƵǰ³ǵȿͣó߹ȥ
һΪŮķˣ֪ȵƵСϴҲˡ
ǸŮֱһ䣺
߹ȥԵøзȣԸС
ӣ
Ǻȥ
ڵߵڣ·ջ˲پ޵Ŀ⣬̤ʱһССɧ
ܿϳϣϾʹ롣
ԽԽ˶žƱڨ죬ȻϿǰһֻֻʢϺƵĸ߽ű΢΢һЦ
һ£´ٺȣʧ㡣
뿪ȺڨˣţѰҹյӰ
¶̨һ۵ĽһĨϤıӰ
սһǳĳȹľɢǸһ˿Ķׯױݣǳɫϵȹȴǹɿ˼֡
¶̨ĵϣ΢΢ͷҹϵ¡
һ˫ˮ¶һ˿ã
һ¶Ů
һŲߵߡ
¾ŵһ㣬ɤƽʱ˺üȡ
ò񻰡
￴ʲô
վڹԣˣʡ
ͻȻعɫһ˲ңȻɿ췴Ӧʰ¶*̬ׯؿԱߵˡ
ߵϣ˼룬ȻǷһ㣬һ
ôŵ𣿡
ϹЦ⣬ǳ
շ·º͵ĿУƽ
ؓeҡͷ
ȴҲûбĻ
΢΢üͷ
ôһ
նƺЩУԣ⣬ԥؽֻͣǳ磬ûС
ڹǶŮʱڵǶǶֵܲãӦٳɿЦľٶ
٣ǰ¶
˼һҲ׽ĹܾȻСһڷ
һΪһЦ
Ҳ֪ôˣȻô⡣
Դ쿴ϵţЩ˼һ춼״̬
֪ӦЩҲûȥЩ
ɣ׻⡣
һۣվߵĵˣ򴽣û˵ʲô
ͷ¶̨·Ĳݵأس
Ҹֻǳ
վһᣬͻأ˸ͷһ䡣
ûӦתͷ
峺ӣרעؿϡ
ҲԼûע⵽˿̵񣬶ô棬·һ峺ĳˮܿˮ
϶һ˫һᣬѹĳ궯زǸţǽĿ⳴ģΪ
䣬зӦˡ
գգۣ峺ӹһƹʡ
û˵ֽʣ
ûȥܲﲻ𣿡

մһ˲ҡҡͷ
û˯á
ʧһҹһֱڵɫ΢Ų֪˯š
Ȼһַֻŵͷϣࡣ
ôˣҪúչԼ
ڶùպȻůůġ
Ҳȥܲƽʱٿ㡣
Ϊʵ
ԣϺǺǸЦǿͣ˵̫ˣҪʡ
յĿⲻϵϴһ顣
ݵĵطһ׸ⶼûУ÷ĵطҲú
˼
ǽȹӣϵϣԸУƲ۾
㣬ˡ
СĵջĿ⣬
԰Ҳò֣ǿǸ޹촵ëá
ĿͻȻһĪ˸硣
̧ͷ˿ϹڴߵЦ⣬С
ǣҪá
˵ЩʵǣǲϲǸС
ϴ÷ǳ⣺ǾһС
һʱҲ֪ô˵̫ϰֻ⣬׾ò֪ôڡ
ϿŹհشԼߵӣģ̲סò
ǣյ֣ڹվȵĿУȻһЦ
̫ˣǳȥ䡣
ǡƺûܸѵ뷨
ȥ䣿ԥһ˲ôһԱ׾⡣
ϳصգգۣЦϻûʲôɣȥһõط



12 ·ܸܵԷĺ
һ¥¶̨һƬ̵ĲݵأҶƬ׺žӨ¶顣
ϵֳϣһԾ׵ĳȹĶζ
㣬߸˦һ»βͣɫ·ĵ⡣
˾̾
տ˧ҳľٶȵ΢΢ſ
㣬ô
δ˵꣬վǰ֮һߵĵˡ
סյֱۣ˽
Ҳ
üۣ¹£ԵŨ
ｻӳĵƹ⣬ǰΨ׵ɫ
վֹâ֮䣬֡
ЦҫĿ
ξĻ
յģе졣
ңȥ
ЩɵأС˵ţ·˻ƻǰһС
һĵЦ
պȻеڿն
һֱۻ䣬
㱼䣬վ¶̨Ĳݵϡ
Цǣ֣ܡ
毺õıӰɫȹҹи߸𣬵ƵģһƮΡ
ͣʱ򣬹һ¡
ҵĳԿף
ϻͷȻһЦ
ˣҵԿҲ
ʱǸ߳⣬·ͣһ⳵
ǣֱߵԣţùϳ
ͣǰԤԼĳ
ʱҲûôֻ࣬ѪͣĺγеϢУնȻϲĳϡ
ţһӣѹչߡ
ȥȸ֡
ϳ㱨һ⳵˾Ӧһһַ̣ѳʻ·ϡ
˾ǸȽϽ̸壬λʢװƯϳ̲סྼ䡣
ʱѴ򳵰ƬˣĶųأ򳵵Ҳ١
˾ûͷûԵ˵˼䣬Ȼͷһת̾
ǹ֪ǰԼպһ˿˹ͷþͽⵥҪһӴǱ߹ǻûôء
һʼ˾ô໰е㲻ͷĥţ⳵ײԼĳӺã治˵Ҫ̫Ҳͦ
û뵽˾ˡ
һ˫޲ð˾ĺ׸Դ
ʱһԼϡ
㣬ǰԼ˳
һ仰ȴϳһ
ǺǣҲûʲôҪǿضǱͦԶģ㲻֪Ѿͷûִ磬һױû˵ȥúóһ٣ⲻΪԷһ
ĿӽѾ֪ڼرˡ
һиʲôµģܸ³ӱá
ϿĿİģѸԲģ
ϣһ𣬲֪û⣬ʲôԭ˶ûп룬ڵֱۼֻҪ΢һ¾ܰһ顣
մ˿ͷųĽ־޵ؽһ䣺
Կͦá
ֱ̫ˣƺ¶׵ܵ
ڹ߰ĳڣЩɣ˵Ծһ˿ʵ
һ˿˵⡣
һòƣ˵ˡ
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ƺ֮ǰΪ˳ѣѿԵÿӹҪˣ
⵹ԵĵطϾӴ˼£ͰȵĿҲûñʲô
ƽʱڼﶷҲãġ
ദģʽڲ֪˿ñȽܡ
ŴѸ˼һϽɫƲԼӵĹϵ
˭ᶼУͲùǵĹϵȻôЩĹ׷ˡ
СȸɻʴҲߣ˼һСҲͦѵģչ˾չһ¡
տʼǻᣬԹ̫ˣϽҲûְнպķӣ䣬ͽһס㹤ʡǮ
㣬˵׻ҸˣҪܳϢ㣬ҲڻһĬĬŵС
ϰһٽͣվͰţҲ廰
ĩˣһƼٵ̾Ϣתͷؿһᡣ
ĳЩ峺΢΢
ôľ룬һͷ͸߶ˡ
ǰͷ˾ڸտʼϹͱ¨֮󣬵ؿˣҴ
һʱ
΢Ŀ֮仺ԼԼط·ܸܵԷĺ
͵ס˺רעؿŹŽߵ
߲ܿƵػƣͿĨ޺ɫʵӣСϡ
Ͼһ룬ԼҪƲסȥˡ
ĪЩҲ˼ġ
ײУ΢΢ֻҪ΢һͷ˫ФѾõĴꡣ



13 ᴥ
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ȸ֣ˡ
ϳһλС㣬õˡ
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ȿȿȡ
ΰأһ
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ڻ谵ĳڿòǺԼԼɫϿ˫۷ֱ
ӿ·ͣ˾ѯʵ
Сǣ³𣿡
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ϵˢת˾壬Ũױεķضһһٵ˵
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˵óֻ֧˳ѣ³ȻƵһտš
ڵ˾屻ϸղǸ񿴵ЩĪؼһ󷢺
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ЦŲͷա
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ȸ·˸ʽĵ̣ɫС̯廨ŵС⣬ʲôС
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ھƻ;Ѫ͵ܳģʱ㻻·Ҳ뻻
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ҪȻ˷Ƭȥϣȴ˷ǶֵĹֹ֣ܺǴţҲǹʷĵһš
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ӶӦûûԶɡ
ʵصͷ
ƻʳͳˣûʲô˼ȻҲûʳ
ټϾƻҪӦԵ̫࣬һ㶼Եسڡ
Եʣһڶûԡ
뿪ƻᣬ̻ȸ֣ţȻʳ
ǻǰ°ɵģΪԼʲôûüԡ
Ź¶̨ϷӣŲ̫ϲƻᣬӦҲûʲôθרųԼʢŵʳ
ƻĶģȷʵûʲôʳʳﲻһȫģӦúúó
º͵ڹն˵ţĩһ䡣
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ɫȻĹգԺ󣬶ͺˡ
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ߵ£Ŀ⽥Щȣ̲סһ¿ˮ



14 ϲ
ڸղǾ䡰ûСػص
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ԣЦЦ
Ȼһԡ㻹ǰһûô䡣
˵Щͳ̲Żζ
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ֱֳ߷ζʳܾûԹˡ
ҵԺĸ׵İ£ֹǶ֣ÿճϰǻؼңżμһӦ
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šն̴ٵӦһҺۣ˯ˡ
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ϲ֮ԵЩأ޷ţĿǡ
񡭡һڶЦ



15 
һҹߣڶص˾Źǳ̽Ŀ⣬ֻӲͷƤװ
˵˾ŲμӾƻǸеСϡ
˫ĿضŹգһһ˵Լһع˾Ϣ
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ȻҲ⡣
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Ϊ˽ǰһ죬ѧˡ



16 
Ŀڵݵ°ͰؼȥɽĿία֣߷ֵģϵɿ
ֳһµĻУϴŰɫ˿гţп㣬վ̨ػ˻֣һѷ
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ֳĬ˼룬ȻݶԵǱ֣˼ͬʱ˱ݵҪ׼֡
Ŀǰ¼ãӹٲģԣҲһֵĻᣬˣԼ
һòΪĿһĻȶȡ
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һֵ飬󲿷ֽͬȥƵƷִ͡
ֻиλȥͨ棬ʵڼʱȥԷ
⼸λгرյĽ㶼ȦڻñȽϺõģҲһִͣڴʱĻеź
ƵĲλִԵʣܼ۸񰺹ﲻĿǰƷ
İ࣬Ϊ֡
ϾȥѵĿ˶Ǹ˴ϰ߰䡣
ĿļαǶˣ϶࣬һȺ˳ڲĿϯλȻɧӶҪ鷳
ϾʽòͿʱ䣬һ˵ʱǶˡ
ֻȥһ绰˵÷ˣýȥƵǱߡ
Цųȥˣ󲿷˶һ׼ģҲǰԤˡ
ֻи˾òһǰԤġ
˵ҪҳԴ;¼ĿʱģָҪȥƵꡣ
Ѫʱ飬ǰ׼
ûǰԤȴھͲǰʱһ䣬·ǳѰζ
ƵֲǵǮġ
鱾޷ϸҲͲٶ롣
֮ˣϵݱв²⣬ٲȦĴô򵥡
ϵҲǳֱӷԸѴľƲƷ
һˣԵÿˡ
ϯ仹вٽ˼žµĲƷƬȦ
ԱߵλϣȦʱ򣬳ִľƷˣдһɿƬ
ڽĿɿ
ƬڽĿ֮󣬱ýǳһͼӴ׵ıֱҪϺCPϵʵˡ



17 ɫѡ
ȻڽĿϴܺɿԼϺCP⣬ڽǰʱӳһ׸Ҳ𼫴䶯
ڴ֮ǰûҲᳪ衣
νƾһԵԳĸһˣѸԾϸƽ̨Ȱ
ϵĸ΢һҹ֮Ƿ۰򣬶Ʋͣÿ춼ǡ
ͨĿĲĿһۺȶͬʱҲ룬дںͷ
Ԣ˫Ŀؽֻˢµۺݣ˷ܲѣʱʱðһ䣺
ˣˣ
һԵɳϣֽħ߽Ѿһ졣
ü˥ֱ
ٽУҾҪӳȥˡ
ڿһνһ֮ͨ޿̵ض
ֿ꣬ӾȻûӦ
һְ֮ѿӵֻߡ
γѰ㣬תͷϣգգۡ
㣬
ٲͣͰֻ¥
ϳü⣬ѹŭв
룬Ȼ㣬е
㣬Ҳһǰɣ̫ˣ˵ʵ㣬Ҵûгһܺô졣
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ѾġһƺڿϣͷһС£⼤ʲô㿴ԼһֻذϽ°죬񾭲һ
㣬ͻȻ˼˿ôۣ㲻ø𣿡
ӾȻһ侲ǵطϡ
㣬ȦѵΪ˴ϣ𣿡
ʵĺãֱӰסˡ
ޱضſӣô
԰ҰһƤӣŵ˿ԼǷۼ򶼲˷ܣġ
˶֡
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ӼֱַӦ̫ˣѲԼܹȣ˻þ
ͻȻøѾͷ޷ͨ˦˦֣û
̫ɽˣ㻹ҪҪԷǴһ죬ֻϹ¡
⻰˿ӣſֻ緹ûúóԡ
˵ãһ˵ʱöӶץӷΡ
һʱסˡ
㣬ҶˣﻹûгԵģ
Įؿûˡ
⡭ȻŴ͡
ȷʵе˷ܹͷ˰쾹Ȼû
ʲô㣬ǳȥ԰ɣףһ¡
Ѿͷһ㶼ˣȥ¹ҪҲôȻ˳
㣬ܲҪԼɣһܳԵģοҲûġ
ò˵Ӷʵǿ͸ˣ˳ȥԣ߽еѡ
ǽеͲͣϳԵе㵭ʼղ¹ֳֳԵɫζȫ
˿һ֮ϴɳȾߡ
һϽӵذȥ
㶼±϶ûԡ
ڹԢһ䳣ȥĲ͹һˣҪãݺݵǰĺòˡ
ųţܾЩԾ
С͹󣬽еŰʰɾϰǸɾĸˣܻѲ͹ʰװ׵ġ
ϲ٣徻Ҳᾭ
ֻǽЩ֡
͹ΪˣܸоЩ̽ԼϣתͷȥԷջشĿ⡣
˷Σ˼վ
ϣǸʳĿ϶Բԣ
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ȻûױǸӲ࣬϶㣬ûϴ
ӷź۾˵
˵ҲϵӺãٱͳޣƤ࣬м֬ɫ
ܶ˻ױһϵ
Ա۾˵Ҳû
ҲǴˡ
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ΪʳĿȲּɺ֮±Ŀ⳴һӫĻCPϳ˲ٷͷ
ǰղڣԵԳ׸裬ǽڵһ塣
˰ϳҲûʲôˡ
϶ͻ״Ҳôҡ
Цһ£ͷҡ
۾еõ׿ڳƺˡ
ȭͷ˫۷⣬ھͿ䣺㳪ܺģ
˵꣬ͳֻѯʣԸϸӰ𣿡
϶һֻɱϵĵЦӦȻû⡣
λͻȻðƷ˿۾кգϾʹſ뿪ˣϵĲ˻ʣ롣
ҲĥŴϽϸͳȥ
ԺԸСˣûжĶȥ㣬ˣǽȫ
һ·ͷϿ첽ȥͣĵطһƵֹ
֮ǰһֱ߶ϼӰѾϣˣֶ˲ٷա
Ըһ鷳¡
ԺһȤ
ӳصҡҡͷ
Ͽ⸱ִ̧һš
̾ʲô
ߵɫܳԣȥŤͷԿ˵
ԼȥɣһҪȥһ¡
ʲô𾪵صϣôˣ㾹ȻһˣԼ·ȥ
ۼֲԶ͵Ƿɢڼʡ
ϴӳڷҳһī嵽ͷϣֱ۴ڽ²ĳϣʵſǷŭͿߵ
һ˳ȥң϶й˵Ҫȥʲô£ǲǿŮȥ˼ң
ָߵŭһλ籡ˮһǳɡ
꣬һ
һЦ
û뵽û˿鼫õЦһںʲȥ
ɫѣ
ҧӳݷ䣬صأݺݵؼôĸ֡
ѾҲݵĻŮˡ
޵ĺ촽Ȼ欵Цȷʵܲ˹طʣ
ô˵ǱҽңϾҿǺġ



18 ̲ס۸
ӣ
ˡ
ˣȻ벻ҪվǸ˲ĻŮ˽
תֻ˻ӣͷɥϻؼҵ·
ں溰һ
ǵÿֻ㷢ˡСëˣһ¡
ڿͣóֻ΢ŵʱֲһ䣺
ԼȥһᣬϲĶסԱ㣬˵Ű㲻Ա
Ҫͷһ٣Ѿųӷɿˡ
Ůˡ
Ӻ޺޵һڡ
ֵ㿪΢ĺ
1000Ԫ
ӿƲסصһڳʱ⣬ղŵв졢ơͳͳʧ
һǧǮ㹻ȥַҵĹܾˡ
ʲôʳСܳԵ¡
ӾֻһڣȻűȥ򳵡
һͷϿųӳרƵһС̯ǰ°ɫĳݵֱۣС̯ϰ֡
ϰ壬һ˿ٻ֡
ֱͦıϼһīԴ̽⣬ϰ年˹
ϰ̯ԶԶӦһشһʳ¯˿ٻ֣Сĵϡ
ϸ֮󣬽ӹʳУڸϡ
С͹չֿԵģżȻ·ֱС̯ͼסˣר·һдա
¹ϳ谵ĳڣȡīͷһϵʳУ촽΢
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΢У˵硣
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ж°سŴ磬ʱһһ㡣
ۡ
Ȼġ
еʱ¶ˡ
¶һʵЦݡ
һ᣿
߿ĳΡ
ӰµİӰһѩ׵ļȴںڰиۡ
ԭΪڰӰԼĵĻңȴ֪ϵĿѽͷŴһ顣
һ£̤һ뿪µİӰߵŵĳǰȥ
֮һЩ롣
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ϵĺ촽һÿĻȣǷŲһֱЦš
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ؾָֽʳеһˣݵǰ
ǡʲô
ЩɵʣĿȴסʳеֻϡ
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ģ޹ˡ
̲ס۸
һºҺ
չһЦݣͰ˵
Ūˡ
ն˶ͣƺ˵ȴֱٻֶס죬˵˻
ֻðѴϵİٻֺԵ
ϿſţȻŤͷջߡ
ָϥϣãһ䣺
ó*
šհһĭ̵ͷóԡ
ѩ׵С¶Сӳһ顣
ûгҹϰߵģͻȻ˵¥ˣϲСԡ
֪ôģ¥ˡ
һٻֲͣʣºܶٻ֣ںӡ
ѾԲˡ
ŴʳУҪϡ
ϵ
𣿡
ҡҡͷԱˡ
һֻСèǿ١
ϵ͵͵ЦЦ
ʣµĴȥű컹Գԡ
תͷŹգͷһЦϵĶ¶΢·ƹ£˸ϸ΢⡣
տЦݣ΢졣
ͷӦһ
Ц˳½ǣվ
ôˡ
˵ַ̧꣬ڹյͷࡣ
Ȼַɿسء
ݰݡ
һ߻֣һԶˡ
ȥӰڳһᡣ
һڼĿ
ƺֱԶˣָܻĺ



19 ȥ棬òã
ϻصԢһƬڣǸɵѾͷֲ˼
ʱŵ㲻š
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ѵõϴ˯ˡ
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Ӷһͷͷ㲵ǰ
ǷϣȦںڡ
Ͽӣüͷ
Ϸȥˣ⸱ӡ
̧صƤ˿ȵϣ̲סִһĹǷ
ְ
ɢػش
ϵüͷøˡ
ܹ㿴ȥͨﵩˡ
ӱ˱ͣʲô˼ǳˣɶС
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ôͲܣĿɺˣܣ
ӷŭػϣΪ˵С˵©ˡ
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һסԼ졣
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Ѿͷ˼úܣȻô󵨣˸ͨ϶
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תӣ֧֧أ첻˵
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Ϲ㷺ģǽĿƵֳЧ϶¼ûȣҵʱҲһʱ裬ʱõһľԵԳҲûʲôκεı֡
׸裬϶ʱԼ漰İȨ⣬˾Ѿϵרҵ˸ɫһЩ֣׸Եø
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һڽĿȥ֮CPٴȶȣͬǣϷͷʢĿĵĻ󲿷ֶΪ϶ģϰһʹҲˮǴߣһȶȡ
һЩ桢̨ݳĻһֱæĴòһϢӣþûˣȥϴ·ǸС̯һ˿ٻִȥ׻Դá
ʱӸ϶Ҳ۵òУǸɿǸܶھ;֣ž;վŵģԣΪźһµģȶܶϡ
иϢգҲǰҪȥ棬ڼ￴ӳʳﶼȥ
ϼȥܣҲܷĵضȥҹա
ɫܳͣ׻Դõ·ߣŰٻ߽С
ǰԼ˹գ¥³һᣬͼմӴ¥߳
մһСɴȹ
͵ȹӺʺϹʣһɰڼҹ
رϲհһͷ¶Ĳ



20 ȥ
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վǰһֻװٻֵʳС
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ĥŽĹΪʲôЩ֣Լһ鳴CPϹ졣
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Ҹֻǳģǿͷ˵˵˽ûôӴ
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Ҳ͸͹ҹϴΣֵʱ򣬷ͦϲٻֵģպҼҸиС̯пվ͸һС
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Ͻͷתͷ˿·
ҹĹ·ûаӵæϡ裬͵·ƾҫ·档
Ȼ󣬹չʹӦһá
ϵЦݶȻòá
վŹյ֣ӳϳ
ҵĳ档
϶ŹЦЦǣС
ˬķںڵĳһ֡ĴɴҹȻ١
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ϵԽԽ·ҪŷɫС졣
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21 
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ʱ򣬾ҹ޷ߵʱ̡
ԣϲ񳵣𣿡
յĻ΢΢һ㶣漴Ц
ǰʱȻҪѳȻô泩ĸܡ
šͬĵͷ
Ϸ֣͹һԼߵЦղ
˵ܿɰֹ˳СŮĸо
ңƺ˵뷨
ҲһԵ֣
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ϣ֪һֹƵ̲꣬ζȽ嵭˳ȥԣ
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ԣһ߽һͼĲïĵʱЩãȻ
ûȹ̲裬廨ŵϣҲ֪һúһ㡣
̲ʱ˲࣬ΧȹµСתȥͷϴȥˣһλŵḾ˹
ˡ
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Ƥ񣬸ϰﶺȤˣҲûʲôףֵص
Ȼҳеͬѧ
ϰգ۾ЩȵشϺ͹ա
ΣЦ²ͬѧô򵥰ɣ
仰·˹գʱߵҪŶȥˡ
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ȴЦ
ԽЦڹն𣬷·ⶼҪˡ
ⶼ㿴ˣϰ
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ϰһڡ
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νʼ磬Ƥʲôãܳԣ
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û˵ԼҪʲôǵͷԱߵĹգʣʲô
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̨ϰճһĻƲסֱۡ
մһᣬȻ·Щ߰㣬СشҲ֪ʲô
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ʱհüǼ⼸Ҫյ
ղźϰﶷ죬֪տô˶ûע⡣
ղ֪Ϊ߻ʲôȾƵһ使ŵõ塣
ϵĿʱճڹյϣҲ鲻
Ƕ˵ĺҲͣ
·һϢܾǰһ



22 ζ
̨ϰصؿһ߶ŵͻظ
ʲô
γѰعæֱӣڹռϵֱҲ˻
ȣҪӰɣ
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ԲԱģмӱģȥģȵġ
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Ŵ룬ȥġ
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ϰĶܿ죬ûȶãֵ̲衣
ȥǱݸգЦ
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е㲻ˣӿڵ˼ҰȻ֪أʲô
ϰһۣⱭϲҲʮ̲ͬ裬зζСŮпտԹﶼһ顣
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ҪһʳѣҪ衣
˼ݸ׸˵*ѡߺ͸˷ĸ裬лһ׸رΪƵġ
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23 
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¼ĿʱǸóԳԣӸͷʹɫҲ
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ǰ벿Ļ˵ȫ͵ŷ磬˽Ŀĺ벿֣ҪصӰƲƷϾеʹˡ
ڵĽĿԱߴ֣˵˵ЦЦģʱʱһĲһڿʼ־ˣ⿵ʱĸˡ
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ԱߵĽ㿴̨һƬңһЩɹԱ׼õ϶Ū߰ģЦ
ѽǳԵʱֵԼ־Ͳˡ
ѽҵĺý㣬ͱЦˣе˾ǻԲͷ¶һֿЦһֻϲĹ͹
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24 ͵
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25 
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šӣֻ߻ҩ
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29 Ϣѩ׵ļ÷졣
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ѡ˱Ҵһģ֪вС˵˵ţЩ죬ͣ
ϣҸҲǲܶࡣ
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⻰ƺЩ̧ͷЦһ£ȻԱߵĿ¡
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һСƻƵģֵңҿԵġ
ϲٶվֱһӣҲĺԶһЩ
ĺһ˳ָʾҵ䡣
ϻ·ʱ򣬿װӡ
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¿Ӳʣġ
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Цˡ
ˣӴлл
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˹ĵİ칫װƺʺϣǣȽϡ
հЩ뷨ϳȥ
˿ɵĿӣϾϥ΢һЩ·ȻǺʹ֮ǰţпʱöˡ
ȥ֮ǰǸҽ
һˣҽһЩ顣
ϽĶ˶٣ڵˣһ½š
ҽָһĳʣʾǱߡ
շãְѿСĵؾ
ҽһֻŸҩˮļӣھɴĸͿĨһҩˮȻӣذɴƿ
źװ߲˿üͷ
ôŪûʱ𣬷ˣϥǶһȦ
룬졣
ûҩɴˣ֮ǰӣ˾ͲֽܴĿӣѹ˿͸ˣء
ҽͬ˵һֻͨصǰڴֽˢˢˢдһɷ֡
һǳɵд꣬˳ְѴֽ˺ݸա
ҩ롣
϶˶ֹͣ
ҽһۣĽ׳ҪײܺãȻء
뵽ʧ˿ڿӻ֪ĸţ˵ȥԼһڼŽŸɶ㣬ʱҲûվȥȡҩ
Ȼȡҩ鶼ǹȥģչ˻һţǷȥãȻԼҽĵˡ
ҽԺܴ󣬹ƽʱϤطҲǹܶæ⻹ͷһΪЩ¡
Ȼһ·ָʾƣżһ¾ĻʿС㣬˳ȡҩˮ
صϢĵطٴηǰʹעҡ
Źյչˣµ˶ˡ
ɱ۾һ



30 ϵɫ
ĹȴΪﲻ׵ĵʣôˣźʹ𣿡
ţȻ˵΢΢һ£æû£ǡҽԺζ̫ˡ
һӻ֮ȥˮζ
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ڹϾˣֻҪŹϵ㣬Ũҩˮζ̡
ĬĬţȻ󣬹հעҡ
ʱΪǿҵҩˮζӭϮ
ס
ζʵе̼
ʵǰжʱ䣬ҽԺֻʼӦζ뿪һʱ֮󣬸Ϊųˡ
ϼǹڹϣ߽ȥġ
Ŀյرһŵζر
ϻðżƤ񣬻ʿܿˡ
ŰɴֵĻʿóһ׾עþߣַİѴƿҩˮãҵԵ֧ϡ
ЩҩˮֽŶӲˡ
ڻʿض˼֮ԱߵĹСϣҪˡ
һϣϺöһ֣ذ˳ȥ
Ϊ˲ڹǰתͷıս۾
ܿ죬ʿſ֡
ڶ˵ллʿ
ʿ࿴۹գͷСˡ
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Ϻ͹վһᣬղ̫ԡ
ܾҪ˵ʲôС
պʱֻˣڰעԵرע⡣
Ϸɿؽͨ绰
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ҪѾͷֲڣԼһҪŶʹﻹʲô
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ϿŹסԼֻ֣ȻʲôˣֻŹİο
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ԱҵذѲͺ͵ϡ
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ϵͷԼʳУٴθܵꤵļУٶ໰ͷͳԡ
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հס֣ҾϴǼ̲ĺܺúȣȥɡ
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ĬĬ˵Լȥ򣬵ֱϵͷʱһ
ҪҴ룬ȥ򣿡
ҡҡͷ̧ŵϵҩˮƿ
кܾأڲŵķһ
ȥȥͻأĺˣҪʲôζģ
Цеؿϡ
ǲĹĺһ㣬ϴشӾͺãϰ֪ġ
šյͷƷӣϵļ
ԣҺܿ
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ԶԶŹ²ɱȥӰе㸴ӡ
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ƽʱָʹָܶʹȻޱȣùΪԼȥæµָܻС
ջô
òԼĹвСĿĳЩʵùΪ˿ء
ϸӵһᣬ벻ʲôͷֻ÷ˣʳг
ȵڻصѾһˣڳٳټգ绰ȥһ¡
ȥ̲裬Ȼ
ϰ˵ˣףܹװϲ̲裬˵ʱŴʱ䡣
ϣ
ôûϰǸŮôġ
룬ڹյϡ
е㻳ϰǲǳûԹնˡ
УҪһ¹գ´βҪһȥ̲衣
ȣǸװ˵
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ԣתͷһ̲裬ԲԲغܡ
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ǸɫŮˣȻһӻˮ
󱭳̲ӳȥ
ͲӦðѹմȥǸŮ˵ĵ



31 
ͷð̣ԵĹһʣ
㲻̲𣿡
ϣ
ͷգֿ˫ݵ̲衣
ޱز˰װܡ
Ϊ̫һһ󱭡
տ̲ô׺ݵģЩĿɿڴ
Ȼֲһźȡ
֣ŵϵֱϣġ
㻹Ȱɡ
ȼҪȥġ
ͻȻعշԼֱϵ֣еɢȥһЩ
ԥһ˲̲סҪǿһ£
ԺòҪȥǸ̲ꡣ
գΪʲô
ϣϰ˵û׵ģʱЦͷ˶֪ҪСıˡ
գš
Ȼϰʲôԣǿƺ̫ԾӣջǺϵشӦˡ
¶һЦݡ
Ժ̲͸˵Ҹ򣬲ʲôʱ򶼿ԡ
š
Ȼﲢÿʱ鷳˼ȥһ̲裬ջǹɵص˵ͷ
ǿ뷨̧Դһ¡
شôܣġ
򴽣ʵ
ƽʱҲҪôʱ䡣
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죬Ҫάܲõ󣬲ڰ칫̲衣
ϵǿԺȡ
չ˶ˮϳ˹ʽӦӲȥ棬֪ЩֵĲнʳ֣ô̲衣
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˰غ̲裬ϵҩˮҲòˡ
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ʣһСҩˮʱˣհסŵϵƿӣֱһҩˮ꣬ûʿ롣
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ϵˮĿ죬һʱղãֱ΢΢һ顣
⿴һֱνðɣһˡ
ϥǣһƿҩˮԺһЩ·ʱûôˡ
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ͣҪϻؼңԼĳҲԭȥ·Ȼȥҿӡ
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Ҫƽʱ϶Ͳճ˹գֻʱԣ˹յĺ⡣
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صԢ˵ʱշһƽϢ򿪼ţһƬڡ
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ߵɳԵʱ򣬽Ųʱһ͡
ɳĽһӰССģһš
ϰҩŵ輸ϣ߹ȥӰһᡣ
Ĭһ󣬿̧ͷʪ۾һƬǽ塣
㣬Ҵˡ
ϳ̾Ϣһرס
û£ʲô˵ģͺá
İο͵طޡ

ǰϣò׿Էһ£ϳԺ󣬿ڼˢһֻЩģϴͬѧȻ绰ȥ档
ϴǼưɡ
ֺŲʵĵƹ⡣
վˣ궯Уζ֫塣
ӽȥԺ󣬺һᣬơƣЩ˱һȥء
˶࣬ЩӵҲ裬Ż˼£߿ˡ
ϴ䣬ȻϾҪֵطκˡ
ǹʹһأھưĴ䡣
ߵαȽԶĵطûʲô˼ԭ·Լλ
һת·ƶĵƹһ۾ۣȴͻȻһųεĽ
һƺȥˣʣһˣ϶ҵľƿҲ֪˶١
۾˯һ㡣
ԥһᣬ϶Ķȥ䡣
߿
ˣҲûҪʲô
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ʱֳסӣûһľƿӡ
ֻһˤѲ輸Ե侪ˡ
۾ɵ䵽ϡ
Ӷʱ㽩סˡ
˸ҵĲ輸һᣬҲ֪ỹ岻ѣſӣȻЦ
Сһᡣ
ָӹ˹
׵ָ⣬ھưڻζĲʵ£
һ¿ˮòվãڰ֡
ˣǱߡ
˵꣬͵ͷ߿
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Ũҵľ嵭ˮζһ
ӺǸԲûע⿴·
Ҫ߿ȴס°ͣһ̧
ˣÿɰ



32 ܵ
ƺϸô˻ԴֶſӹһЦ
߰ɣ
˵ţһֱ۷ڿӼϣһֻṴӵ°ͣͷ
ڿӵĴͣһᡣ
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ظһ䡣
ѾĻңףԼ˭ǲˡ
֪ԼôشģȻعѾ뿪ưˡ
һվĽֵϡ
ĳЩã
ûϴιȥ̧һ⳵˾³ŵʱקſһȥ
ģЩȻ˾˵һƵơ
ڣֱһֱſӵĲӣļϣ
ӵʲôĶעһ㡣
ӸˣֽŶ֪ķš
Ȼһɤú졣
˵ֱ˱۾ֹһʲô
⳵ǣҹĽֵƵǰ
ӳһż³
ռС䰤ýģܲڣ·һСëһ㣬Ʋ
³ԺȴԹĲӣߡ
һɾƾקƵ
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һΣţĵһ뿪ֽȴһ㣬ˣֻקʱ򣬸Ŷһ¡
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ϣԺ󣬾Ҳɢȥˡ
ŴϵĿӣһᣬȻ𴲴·
ȵʱѾ룬һߵ˼ʲô
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ü䣬κظߡ
ԼĴֲñˣֻǮһ衣
Ȼû취ЩΪŮˡ
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Ѿߵűˣǰͷ˿һۡ
ЦЦȻڽԼ漰Ĳ𣬹˾һֶģĺˡ

ŪӽʧһԵɣǸŮһ١
ڱ䵥˺ԼҲȥϣεһ죬ֱϣֶŻصԢ
ӱϱ߿ޱ߶϶˵
㣬ԲҲãԺˣ죬ʰöͰߡ
ʲôߣҲߣͲߣ
һӵĻԼڵҪȥҽԺ룬ǸŮ˺ġ
һȥ˾˵
˵ʲô
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Ҫȥ˵ģڹ˾ﳳֻҸûˡ
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£ֻǺһȥ˵ҪǸߣͰҵĺԼҲһ㣬ҲҪ
㣡̧ͷ
ɵںò׻˲ԺһΪǵģǧҪΪҶ䣬ֵã
򣡡ѿڵǶֲһ˵㡣
䲻ܲҲôɣǵģⶼʲô¡
ǣһʧ˵
˾鼸˵㣬ǹܣҲĨӡ
˾ĸ߲㣬ôΪԼһûдڸеС䲻ʹء
ˣô࣬˵Ⱥú˯һ
ļ򣬰ο
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ÿӳԱò˯ˣҲ۵ȫɢܣ֪ôº¶յһˣڵԹʷۡ
һֻ΢йյĻظϢ
ϰڼԸǸ뼸١
ϿϢûлظ
Ϊܲõ˽԰һ٣ζʲôֻô롣
Զ׼ģٺ˾˴ŶԶܵˡ
տǹңûôϸ
ûѹעӰ졣



33 
ſڴϣŹյϢ棬Ժ˯ˡ
ڶ죬ûƽʱع˾һô磬˯ʮƵ
һˣһֱûԸڿŷ
Ѿʰã˵Ҫȥ佲øûãȻŻô
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ˣ˳
ϣ
һûϴͼѾͷվűߡ
ҪϴٳӾûӰˡ
ϱŸ첲ؿſӡ
ڣЩ˼صͷС˵
㣬ˣ˵ʲôûõģҲϹ˾ˡ
Уøһȥһˡ
סӣ̬ʮּᶨ
һֱ̫ˣܹͲʲô˲Ҳù˼
ӵͷĬһᣬ
Ƕֻ֣ĵطԣ뿪
ƨһ̲סҪ
Ҳ˭Ҫƾʲô˭ܺ޹˼ɵ˹
һĿӣϺȻЦǸ䲻ҪԼβȥʽ˾Լ뿪
Ǹ仰ˣڷ䡣
ҽԺЧͦϽϥ׺ܶ࣬ٳԵҩӦþûˣʣµ˿ƤˣҪϼܺá
˺࣬ϿҲ˳ˣܿ͵Ƕֵİ칫¥ͣ
ֱӴȥ칫¥㡣
ǹ˾ֿȵˣҲҹ伸Σǰ̨ûסûԤԼ
ϴſһ·ߵİ칫ǰš
£洫һĮ
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Ű칫ǰͷļֱŲ߽ˣ̧ͷ
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һһٵ˵ţԴơ
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Ҳĳֵı֡
ֱĮӣ˵Ҹճûûʱ򣬿Ӿ͸ңһСܶģԹԶûУòߵգ֮ҵֻпһˣҲֻҶҪ
󣬰˵Ļе㷢飬ʵҲ˵ԹûУֻϾġ
ӹûͦ󣬱ȱˣʱΨһίҲһ쵽ҵϽİˡ
϶ĺã˱ˣɲһͷεĺá
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նһ£Щ졣
Ҳû뵽侹Ȼѹճˣһʱսͣ˵



34 
ʣһ˳
Ǹ˵ģգ͸״˵Ե޹Ҫߣ̫
˾˵£ϽĲŵĹ룬һ㶼ԹЩС£ġ
ΪһСͺˣ˵Ҫ͸ӷ˼
ĬĬؿ䣬һֱڰ칫ȴתͷƺܿĿ⡣
Թն˽⣬ٶЩ顣
Ҫ£ǲʵģվϣ˵
䣬ֵеˣҪɣϣչĺܲϰˣͻȻҪҪһĥڣӰĹ״̬˭ûô
ңͣһ£ʳĿĵ˵ˤˣƺ˵úء
˵ţյĿƮһ£ֽ˵
ʱѩϼ˪磬Ȼһһʱ˵侲ϸ
ûʲôǵģҾҪһĶҪ
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ȻϺС֮ܵĹϵĵ׾ȻЩġ
ȴֳܱ
ڻűȽϺױ̫ܿЩѿɫ
ͱҪˣԼһܰɡ
ҧгݵػص
һҪеͷۣߵߣ˫ִļϣ䣬ǻȥɣôûһѡ
ƤĹգͷĻ´룬ȻնˣΪӵ³̫ѿӻ֣ϲӬһϵȥɻȥɣһС˰죬ɣ˵ˡ
ϵ·˵ʲôվߵӣȻܲһͷҲ֪η
ȻѾòҲ˵*ʲôɴǣӾߡ
뿪ıӰЩį
Ѳôˣ
ĮܣֻڶŹյʱ򣬲Ż
ջعε
ڰ칫ﳳô֪ܲ𣿡
һ£ֵҪǲ˾͸Цˣʲôʱ˳ˡ
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̧˿գһᣬ̹׵ظ˵ԼھƵ¡
ȻûӡģֻԼھưӵһЩƬΡ
꣬𾪵ص䡣
䣬㲻˵û𣿡
ôͱˡ
յذŶǣ˵
˵ֹ꣬տԼ񶼲һˣ·ĳְ
գᣬҶûио֪˭˭ˣ֮鷳
ϣȵģȻ˵ģھưĲʹУģģؾȻúա
͵һ۹գְǸСôܸᲢۣȻۻ軨ˡ
գԣ۲Ϊ𣿡
ͷ룬ֺ
ͶҲ֪ǲǹġ
ԼǮˣԷϽܡ
ˣȻ鶼ѾˣȲ˭˭Ϊٿ߾Ͳ̫׵
Ȱ䣬һС㣬Ҫ˸ߣԵǹ˾̫Сǲǣ
ǣǹңһܸɫƣ
仹еߣһСȻƵͷϣѰ·
գҲ֪һ裬Ҳ֤֤ģԲԣ
һʱƿԡ
ٽһԩ˼ңҪ˼ܣǶ˼ҹ̡
Ȼû֤ݣԲԸڹǰԼӲһŮȥƵ꿪ԣϽ⡣
ˣ㶼ˣһ˵ʲô˭ùܰ
˵ţЦЦ
ռڲپ飬Ҳ˿Ц˾˭ֻ֪ǹ˸ͷΣȨյģܰ
ջŶׯصױݣһװȹ°ڱһ˿ȹ
ͻԳߡ
俴ЦݣЩ롣
Ϊ˾׽ˣǶְܣȻղױӡ
ɼնױݣҲڲ
һԷζģԸޡ
Ʋ۾
˱䵭ľУͲ֪жٿ˵ס
ȡ±ϵ۾𲼽ϸã˳תԼߡ
һֱע֮ദȻ׽޷ά֡



35 ҹ
ϰѿӴؼңȰ˰죬ʱȰסˣɵѾͷڹ˾ﶪۣһľˡ
õģ칫ֵ飬û˸Ҵ
ϹŵЦǸʲô˴Ҷ֪ʱ򲻽飬˾û˸Ҵùͷ
˵׿㣬ߣҪˣ˾ġ
һֱš֣յֺ󣬲ƽһЩ
ȻҶ˵ܶ䵭׽ף;ùܺУңİ칫ֵôܻܰ˵
룬е㵣ĵ˵㣬հˣԺ·ܻѡ
ԣЦһ
ʲôջҵͬѧء
˻һӶʱˣһϡ
˵ˣôҲźãһܺúõЪܰƤһҰô£
㣬㣬˵ģŨصĻɡ
ϣʲôģܰƤ
ӣͬѧ
˼ͬѼ䣬ƻ⡣
Ȼģƭʲôֲʲô£˭ûͬѧ
ϴֵ˦һͷǲΪ⡣
Ǹ˶ͬѧ⻰٣ֻǣǹܰһͬѧʳϵ
ǣչȷʵƫǣܵ£ҲܰǣеѰζˡ
ӺɵؿϣȻ뵽ʲô
㣬˵Ҫİɣ
ϣ
ѾͷôģӰο˰죬һԱϡ
Ȼĵķһ˵İתע
ſ˫ĿضԼģϾð׵ˡ
ԣҾҪҿɹˡ
Ըصȵ϶ĻӦ͵ؼС
㣬̫ţˣѹֽһֱ˵ϧܵӡ
ü
ӣ㣬ҾɹĻܴ󣬼ͣ
ǿ϶ģüҲС
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һϵİԣӵȻ࣬˼ϡ
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˵Ͼһӻ
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ӵ֪ԼߣϾͰԼҽԺȥɸΡ
㣬Ҵˣ뵽˸޷һΪԼ޹뿪һ죬ҵĴ
˵С
ȻеϴǾ޷ʲô˼
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ޱضſӿһᣬһص
ԺʧˣʡæԼ黹Ҫ㡣
һһˣû´Σҷġæر֤
㣬Ժҵڣһúõع
˫ֺʮϵ˵
һƺͷϣʡʡɣ첻ҲģҾллˣ
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ѿסԺɿ˵٣͸ɴڼˡ
ϳ극סˣȥ̲裬ʱ仹磬·ȥʳ˼ζСԡ
̫ŸɽûãϾͿźɫܳȥ׻Դ档
Ϊ˲ԵԼ̫ͼУ⵽׻ԴŷϢա
Ѿ׼ϼʮӣϾڼﲻһֱֻ
û뵽ιջϢٶȺܿ죬ŹһӾлظˡ
һֱżߵĸ٣ǰڹռҵ¥ºһˡ
йһˣȥ硣
պˬشӦˡ
֮󣬹մһɫгȹӴ߳
ûʲôڵĶϾ˲һǸһţ򣬼߿ɲ˽
˵ˣղױճ˽ӣһʱỹϲ
˽µӣϰʱάֵر
һɰСãһ˪ıɽˡ
ţĲһǰ㡣
ϾãĸӣֻҪǹգͺܿɰ
ճơ
ϵĳӣֱ߹
Ͻ¹Ǳߵĳ̽ͷЦϳ
յͷҹķ˿ȥ
ˬŹϵһӿڡ
ϲһЩ
ϵȫѾѰȫϵˡ
ŹյĶڨڨջ֡
ỵֱ̂һЩӡ
𣬳
˵Լᡣ
ţˡ
յͷö˶ġ
ֹ־нӣ̲סЦһ
תͷɻؿ
εҴȥһرĵط
˵ţͷصգգ۾һҲ
ձգգеңͷƿߣؿǰĽֵ



36 һ㣬ء
Ҳٶ˵ţؿ·
ڲҿ񣬳ڿ¶˵Ŀյʡ
ţ÷ࡣ
ϣϲȥĿУʵǲ̫Ӧӭķ糾ģֻǣϲҲԽܡ
·Ǻ˵û˵̲裬Ҳ
֪յԸʵȽϰ˳ܡ
һԸǿƵĸйأʱر󲿷ֺϻе뾭ѵΪûС
Ըʵױ۸ֻԵãмҪõͬѧһߣ顣
ڸиʱʱ̵̿ظ󣬴Ҳλĸ׵Ӧӵʶⰲŵİɡ
ϵعŴǣ˸ţÿճԼ
յĸףйǣӦö벻ôԵĹվȻڴһδεظ˳ȥһΰɡ
뵽ϲЩ򴽹Ц
ĵĵسЦЩ˰һĴ⡣
ⲻɨһۣ˶ڸʻĹգ˴ߵЦ
һ㣬ôԼԸԼĳӳ磬ǲǱʾʵԼҲһЩ˵С
ϳĬһֱѳӿʮһƽСϡ
һɽ·ĩв˹ɽܲڣ˼
ֻôģǰ˯ţųӵһΣֵط
ڰɽһΪƽĵطͣ³
һ³ɽķѳ߸ķܵĵеķǡ
ţתȥȡǰõ̲Сԡ
տóĶƺܸˣ۾ôԲԲģ⡣
Ͽ̲סЦ̵ø߸ߵģŲ
ǰ𣿡
˫ŶŹǰߡ
ҡҡͷһ
šûʲôصһͷֵķ羰ܺãҰû˴š
˵䣬Ծգһ۾·⡣
Щ˼رͷɫ΢΢ۺ졣
һᣬһ⡣
Ȼ𣿡
ôණ߽׼ߡ
ȴЦЦöˣûôˣһƿҩͦá
ҽ˰ʱҩҲҩƬϥĵطˣֻʣ˿δ΢ʹ
˵ĶˣҪȻһ֪ʲôʱܵ롣
΢΢һ죬ȥϵ˻
㲻øҿң£˵ףЩϵվǹ˾ˡ
ŹᵽʱĿԼ칫վĻ棬Щ
˽⣬ҼҵСӾǸɵѾͷһֱ䵱żһţҲΣȥǼưɣ䣬ˡ
˵Ҳ
Ǻû棬סֶΣû뵽ȻͷˣҪϿߣд
Щ˵Щֱף죬ŵԲ𡣡
϶һ£Źա
ֲ£ʲôǸ
գǣǹ˾ܼ࣬ܵ˵˾ҲΡ
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ֻĸ⣬˽಻ˣôҲô಻壬Ȼ䷸Ĵ˾ͷϡ
ѵôҪ
ղ֪뷨ʵʵسŵһעģҲ˵ˣٶԿʲôÿӷڹ˾ɣһġ
ϲÿɷغһ
һ޻˵
ܿ죬ߵһ˱ߣѾǾͷˣһ¡
ͣ½ŲͷһʵĿƽһЩ̬ȣתͷԹ羰ɡ
Ұ棬ԶԶܿеĵƻ
·ҹ֮Уһҫı顣
յһľɫиеһƬˬҹ磬첻ϵشɽ䴵ӵģ·е¶΢ҹˡ
ϰѲ̲ܵݸա
սӹ̲裬һڣ㴼˳ĿڸУӿл
۾ڡ
ϰʳд򿪣еǰ
ȸġ
ΪЩר˺Զ·
˵ǰСȸģȵգգۡ
ôȥôԶĵط
µЦЦҲԶԼܷ㣬ҪϲԣԺ򡣡
Щ˼صͷӹһֻӣһǩһŽŨ֥ʿӣһ
СɵĴԲԲ͹Ĺĵġ
꣬Ǳ߻մһɫ֥ʿ
ָһ£ָⲻСɫĴ꣬񴥵һ㣬ء
ɿ֡
һ£һֽݸա
ǻδӦġ
ֱֽϵ֥ʿŻع
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ճһڣϲζЦ˵ָ
ƺ֪ôӦͷسԶ
ϺٳĶ̲趼ҪǵģǿճԵ㣬Ҳų˼顣
Сԣ˴룬ʣһ㣬̫Ե££룬ַſˡ
ɽķʮֲּ£ѬѬȻ
Ȼžһʳеȥˡ
ջعķ˿ͷ˿·Ļ¡
Բңղˣûȡ
æûϵҲԲˡ
ͲǺϲġ
ʳзŵһȥŰߵˣʣµ̲衣
ճԶȽ̲ҲûϺȵÿ졣
ѾˣڵԼʱ򣬱ЩȻСǺһڡ
Ʋסؿһ󣬿ȵͨ죬ŨܵĽëҲմϼ顣
ʤߵĻ
Сĸź˳Ȼײ˫ˮĶ֪ôͣˣʹסյ̽ͷһ¡
Ĵò˼顣
ĳһʰ
գȻûоܾ
΢΢Ƥһۡ
룬Ӧòǹյĵһ˰ɡ
лѩЩźʹԡ
ӳѩһֱӰβ룬𤶹һسҲ֮Ŀ϶
ϵĿӿһɬĶ⣬̧Źյĺף׵øЩ
ڹ֣ҲԽԽ
ܽǶϸˡ



37 
պܿ,ϵĻ΢ŵʵĿȴ϶µø

,΢,΢ϻǷ,͵طſ

ӿǻ,غţĿ

ɫ͸ƻһ,޵ġ

ںڵĴۣһˮʱ޳

һ,ղûסƺ,Щˡ

ԭǳһھ,ĸоһƲԼ

һʼ,黳ѩĹ,ֶ룬,ȫسõĴȻҡ

Ŀڹպ΢׵Ĵϣͣ,ƿˡ

Ǹ,,ûס

˵Դһ˿΢ɳԡ

մ˺þ,ոƽһĵǸͷҿϣԼò

سĬһᣬϴͷͣķߡ

ȥ

ճʵû

ֻǣղһ̣ԼҲֲֿ⣬鲻Խ

ƽģʱҲЩΣ۸˹һء

ȥ·ϣڰձЩӲ

ǣʱϲ˵ʲôԵò̫ʡ

ͣ׻Դʱϵһ䣺
գ𣿡

ڽ⿪ȫĶͣһᡣ

ϸӬ˵ûС

ȻϷӦ֮ǰɿƿ³ˡ

ڳԶԶһ·Żص׻Դ

ָ侲˫׻ԴÿռŵĴţŵ̾Ϣһ


ڼ˼죬Ȼûй˾绰ɧ

Ժȴûȥҹˣֻÿ϶һ¶˵̲ȥ׻Դõİҽй¥ȥãÿζһСƷ

˼Ժ󣬺Ȼһ죬ӿֻĶϢ˷ܵش

ϣ

Ѿͷַʲô衣

Ȼʣһᣬ˳Ʈǰ㵸

㣬ҷ

ϣдˣ

ӣ⵹ǡд󽱸ˣ

ϣʲô£-_-||

ӣ㣬ǹһְˣ

ϣŶ⵹ǿϲɺء

ӣ԰ǿϲɺذ㣬ҾˣҪȥԴͣǺúõһ

ͻȻЩ棺Ѿͷ˶ٹʣ˷ܳ

Ӱһ룬Ȼ˫Ŀתͷϣָ

˵ʵеаͽ

ӣ

ϣʲô

ӣ

ϣȷʵֵء

У˷ܵؼ˵
ְˣѾʽľ˴˽

ϣְ㹤˵ȥ

ӣаɣ㣬ǣʱͬգǴﵽһСı׼

ϵͷţӣΪ١

˵Ķǿջ˾͸ְнˣѾͷôˣҲֵá

飬ϲ˼

ǸӵǣȻеĳɷֵ֣ķݡ

Űѹŵˡ

⼸죬һֱСأ̲СԹȥҲֻǷһϢĻûС

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㣬ûУ˵ȥƵֲ

˵ǰɵ˵

ϱһع

ֲͲ˰ɣǸȷʵе󡣡

ʮּҪȥģҼӹǮȥֲף

ϣ

Ҫͣ̽ʡ

ӣУ룬Ǿ˶ѣٹܹȥ

ϣðɡ
Ǻܹ󣬾һСĿǵ㹤ʾûˡ

ͺ󣬿˷ܵƮһ죬Ϊִ͵֣ʽУܶʱŪͷױ·

֪ΪҪȥԼᡣ

ĸһĬĬؿڣ̲סһ䣺Ҿ㴩㲻ɣ

ԣͣתͷһۡ

һͷڷȻûдڷʺã˳˿Ҳʲô⡣

·һ̰TһеĿſ㡣

Դ֮һֱϲֿӡ

üͷ˼£ðɣȻϳƯɶÿֻܣôܶԵǶִٰͣ

㣬ܲܣ΢һʽһ·

һظ顣

ϣðɣͣϴġ

Ϊչ˿Сѵ飬ϴؽܽ飬Ȼط»һ·

ճȥûôѡ·

ϻһİɫ£һɫճ㻨Ƶȹӡ

߳ʱ־ϵģء

ӿ۾ֱˡ

ˣȥԴͣ

§ſӵļߣӵ³⿪ӳȥһ·Ƶꡣ

ǰλӣûʲôڴӡ

һҲΪ˸ʡǮķ𲽶Ҫλ

Աǰһλмƫһԡ

Ѿڷźײ;ߡ

˷ֱ֮һԱŲƹ͡

͵ʱ൱ƣֻһʳһݷģټһϡ

ϴڽĿ壬˵ִͣҲúóһ٣Ҫ˵Լ˾ŵͣǵһΡ

ӿŲ˵ÿعĲʽͳԤϵļ۸񣬶ʱеͷۻ

ҪǰƽʱԷı׼һˣǮ֪Ҫ١

棬ӵע⣬Ȼ΢΢һЦҵˡ

㶣ϵʾ£ԷԱ˵Ҳһһġ

ȷԱʰ˵֮󣬿ͷ

ֵļ۸ǿţҸղŶ֪ʲôá

䴽ЦЦŽͲȿӣǮҶˣĳܷΧ֮ڣġ

һɫ̫ڲȲῴҲڵݣһ۾ϳ

䴽Цʱ򣬱һ欵ķ顣



38 
Ӳ̾,㲻ױôƯ

ǵȻͷ÷˿ʲôöˡ

һ,ӵɫͿ

ǸвС

ϣа,ôǲǾԼǰ۹ر,ῴˡ

ӣ

úú,˵ˣұ졣һ,ֹͣ⡣

˸ԵͷһֻԱŲͳˡ

ӿŷԱѵصذѲһںãȻ,֪˵

Ҿýһƿơ

ϣ

ֵط,һƿƵļ۸һٷ

Ҫֹ,ӶԱߵķԱ֣˵
һƿơ

ԱЦʣҪʲôݵľƣĸׯ԰ģ

ӣ

ŷԱһʻ,Ȼѹ,еˡ

ǣѳ,ڷڣü

ֻϰѻ˹ȥ˵Ҫ,,ݲ̫ϡ

ԱЦ뿪ȡȥˡ

ӿŷԱԶ,ѹϣ㣬ҸոǲǴˣ

ü,аɡ

ӸҪ³һµһ룬Ƶ˵
һƿƣҲͱȽٷһ㡣

һ²ˡ

Ǻڣض²ۣ㡭ңҸղӳ˲Ҫƣ

źߡ
Ƶصͷִϵĵ棬ŵһСţ⡣

ζҲһ¡Це˵˷ٰ͡

ĿڣһѪ

ղôһ˲·˵͹Դһȣһƿƣһǧοֲƣѵһء

֪׻Լ뷨̫棬*򵥵ʱ򣬿Ҫ

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ԱؿƿѾƣװֻ߽űֱŵϺͿӵǰ

ӶűʺľҺһͻȻһѾӣͷһˡ

ŵһСһСƷƵϣͻľٶöͣһ¡

ӻʲôûԣոŸƣѾʼΡ

һСãͻȻûϸɱ

ֵС뱭ƣҪ

žƱվ˫һ£˻Σѱǰ

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˲佩Ӳ

ڶյϿǰһĻҲЩ͡

תͷֵط˾ȻŰ׳ѩ׵ϣʺľҺ

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һɫͷ׵İ׳𴽽ǡ

ڽӲ֮͵ضŻŵشһŸɾӣٵϺҵص

տӳǰذԼʰһ

ϴͷһ㷢ͣøķ˿˳󣬷βϻŵױɫϲˣ˫Өƽ泯첻ޱ߷ȣǻ˸ˡ

ѵõػһȹ

ǳɫȹϵһ׵ϸ

˿ȥˣ˹Ĵ󷽡

һʱûϳֻ졣

Ŀһߵϣϳɵػӻ֣ˡһ

ֻǴһɫȱȽǳĲɫ̫ƽ죬Ϥ˻Ǻϳ

ȻϳϣȻҲͲµԱԼһƣһԼϺҒ˭

ſӣ·Ｗ
ô㣡

ӵĶͣһ£Ʋͷϵȱû׼ͷ

Ȼһ嶼ˡ

޿̵סӵֹҶ֡

ס֡
һ䣬ݺݵصһۿӡ

ֻҡ

ͣǸͷɿˣһ̶Ը

մϰ߲յӣɵɵ

˶ˣŸ
ϵشԱߴ

ӻعȻʧ¡

ˣһҲãǳһڶϲɺء
Ÿ߽űǰһ죬һ¿ӵĿվƱͷһ

ȴûô顣

ͷɥſϣᣬӿģһࡣ

̾˿

ǳԲˡ

̧Ա˵壬Ȼſ߳

صԢѿӶĴϣͷ˸˯ɸ֡

Ϸһ°ۣ˦˦ҪֱۣϿӵķţһ

صɳ£üġ

ӸҲ֪ô£һȥǱݣҲ֪˭˭Ŀǡ

ֵʢģʱǲõѾƳϣδƵĿһƬڣƹӴͶڰϼƹ

ɳƶÿ

ֻ˲һ룬ǿտҲġ

ţÿο䣬ùͷùǣȴ

̫ƽˣҲ֪ǲϱǷӵġ

ңȳǮֳܺúóһ

Ǹǲóԣ˯ȥûˡ

ΪԽԽԽԽǲ붯



ʱֻһ£µϢʾͬʱ

ؾֻŵǰ˿

ǹշϢ

աղ˺

Ȼһػ˵Ϣ

Ҳǣʱʱ䣬Ѿ̲Сȥ׻Դõİˡ

ϽʵǶò붯Ѿͷһ㶼ᣬӲ˾ţ֮

屻Ϳ
ӴҲ̫ʹˣȻһϢȥʹա

ϡһԸҹ
ûãվͻظ
աõġ

ϿϢ˺һᣬȻе벻ԼôϢġ

ûоܾҲһ¡

ô˵иˡ
ô˵ͷ

͵شɳһϵȹӣУ»·

ָ⹴Ųɫ̫Ÿ裬Ųسˡ

źɫܳ׻ԴʱľȻ޹ص顣

ֱ˳ϵðȫ뵽ڽȥĳԷص⡣

գʲôԵģ

ҡҡͷϲͺá

ѾԹˡ

⵹ϾˣһɫСûа䣬Щаĵ궼ȽƺôʺСԼ˷ա

ðɣ͹ջ㲻С¡

ֻ׹һΣԺ󣬹ҲûκλӦ

ң׵е

ջԸˡ

ԡǲ˵ʵԼе˼ģûнϴεǸǡ



39 ס
ôһ,϶ʱ˼Ѫһļ

ڳϰһᣬʣ
ûȥ𣿡

ˣˡ

һ,͵쭳ȥ,ȥ

ٶȣѹһ

ҲǶû,뵽һаķ͸Ϲȥˡ

ʱѾ˷߷,ȻûǰԤԼ䣬ȥ,Ȼܹ˳һż䡣

꣬ԵĶ㲻Ϻѵãżװͦ,ҲȽ£ɾ,ùӦûϲ

Ȼ,ս·˶һЩ,СɵĴһ˿Ц⡣

˼ˡ

Ͽ̫û,ʵҲͼ죬һ¶Цݾ˫ĿŹ,ȵߺ޲ճϡ

Ŀֱ̫ףѹնЩڡ

ӦϽæŲߡ

ԱվԱߵ͡

һ˵,ʹϲʲô,նԵĲʽ̫˽,һĲһʱҲûʲô뷨

տһ˵,ҡҡͷЦɡ

ͻȻЦ⧲һ۾һָŲ˵ʮˡ

գ
ϵ֣СѣϣԵô𣿡

ԱЦеؼŲմһ䣺ǵĲ˶ʦģһ²

գ

ķԱۿˣое㲻̫

϶ԷԱӻ֣ˣЩɡ

˵꣬ŤͷŹգСĵؽ:֪Щóԣһ´ξͻˡ

ԱȥˣϷţżֻʣϺ͹ˡ

һʱ͵ط֮䰤̫ˡ

ֻǰһ㣬ӣɫĴꡣ

һɽ·ٴӭʧصļ䡣

ϸϽֱӡ

Բ𡣡ЩȻӣղûע⡣

ûûϵ
Сѩ׵һƬϼۡ

Ϸֺ͹һһķţҲ졣

ɬ޴ʱ䡣

ҵʲô˵˵һεա

պȻ˵

ңм˵

ϣţ˵

ϵıӣһ衣

ǸղŷԱ뿪ǰһ̲衣

ĵӾ𣿡

յĻЩ⣬ĥţ°ʱ䣬ôջ̸۹ϵ飬ȻǸ

ϲÿɷʼ磬аɡ

˵ϲ裿սʵ

Сſھͷˡ

ǵùղͷ

ȡڹ񾲵Ŀע£ϸɿһ͵ҲǷҪ衣

ǣ㳪ôáЩ⡣

Ϊϳô츳Ӧûַչ

ᣬϸɴֱ̹ף׸ǳġ

գ

¼ĿҿˣԲʱҪ׸衣

ɫǳǳĿЦ⡣

Щߵתͷͮͮġ

ʱżű򿪣ԱŲͳˡ

ʮһ̲ˣԱһһڷ롣

տôһˣ۾ɵԲģЩԲ

ֹ⿴ž;ñ˵ĸо

ͷһϣΪʲôҪôˣǲˣңԼѾԹҹҲԲ¶١

ȴһ㶼ƵģЩ˸˵۾ˡ

գЩ˶һ£ϲĸң´Ҿͼסˣרŵϲġ

һ˫꣬ڸӼɿߣᣬѹǰСѵġ

տԼ룬е˵

ҳԲôࡣ

ûû£һ㣬͵ҽûԶڶӶˡ

ѾʼĶûţһ̲סˡ

ǼȸĲˣÿһ飬ŽյС

һδճԷֹƺķԷȻ֪͵дĶʲôˣһͰѲ˵ϺһĲ˶һ飬ùճζ

Щ˵඼ͦãζ΢һ㣬ǾƵձǲôһ˼

Ҳϲҵԭ򣬱СݣȻȲϴзζֻûе䣬ڲ̫ȥ

ʵջãȥĶ̫˼ɣҪϣˣױϳҪһ˽ԼƬŵϾ͵ˡ

ڲ̫˷ԼյĹϵ
ֻûһƲأôô챻ع⡣

ռϳԵ㣬ҲżĲˣСڳš

м˵ζͦģܺθڡ

ڸܲʱĬĬϲǼȻָϲã⼸˸

ձϲǺθڣһֱڸвˣ˵Щôôģ˵ֶ֪Լڡ

мζĲˣ˿ڳʳҲЩ

ϳԱʱ򣬹ѾԵúܳˡ

ȻǳԶƵȫһ

ڹճһСڵʱϼԵС롣

ԳŵĶӣİ㿴ϣ
´βҪôˣ̫˷ˡ

ţõģ´ע㡣
Ϻˬصͷӣ˶ˬʡ

ϲõĲƷ´ε;ˡ

ĲȻ࣬ȴҲ룬ǶúˣҸյڷòͣû˴ţãθڸá

ھЩûеķȥãԸ˶ӵĻֻŲ

ϲɾͣԱߵĹգЩԳ
΢һԼڷżʺ̫ˡ

һᣬżﻷãȴҲûʲôǲ飬ϱŹ뿪ˡ

ص׻Դ¥µʱؽ·ߡ

ǶԵ̫ˣڽߴ磬ƵɢŲʳҲ⡣

ֻ֮ձȽϳĬ˰СʱҲû˵仰

Ӱ٣뷨̫ӣ಻֮ڿڣֻüֳĬ

ǣɢҲһ顣

ܹյĻ٣ҲԶԶδܹĳЩܾٶʱֻǵɢ

߳óһξ룬ϵתͷ͹ջȥ

ؽ·ĳڱߣǰ׻ԴõСˡ

ͣ

ˡ
һֻʱ䣬Ѿʮ㣬տû涺ôġ

ллҡ϶˵ͣ˼ĵ

ҡҡͷÿ

һ£ֽ˵Ҳܸˡ

ѵն˵仰˵ܸˡ

˵껰ת׻ԴõСߡ

ϺȻס

·ղӰ£Щȵͣ½Ų
㡭

Ļû˵
ͱ϶סˡ



40 
µİӰ,ϱĴշת
񴥵һĸо

ԴһţŸ,ֺ,ʲôûС

·ҪֻҵĸогȥʱͻȻһ,ܹºˡ
Ϸſ,ЦЦ



ȻӦ֮ǰ,첽߳ףĹ·ȥ

뿪ıӰܾûع
·ЩȻʧ

ܿ,Ϊеɬ
ҧҧ´ȴһ΢׵,Щ㵵ɿ,ɿܻ׻Դá

ڶգõ糿,ϳõֻզզ

۾,ӱ֣´Сϵֻ
ʾû,ͽ˵绰

ۣһ붼̲ˣֻн˵绰ܻʱİ

Ȼ,ͨ绰ȴҲ޷

ĵ绰,֪ͨϻع˾,ѻķ˺üϰ

ʽ֪ļڽˡ

ѶϢ,϶ԣ

һӰˡ

ĵشӴƿӵķţѾͷ̯ڴϣ˯ֻ

ֻûػˡ

ſӵֻһԴϡ

ҪѾͷֻػͨ绰Ͳֻͻٶ˯ʮӣҲá



ΪѾͷæΣһֱ绰ը

ɣͨ绰ʹ˽

ǵģ˭˭ˣǿɵѾͷǸĺڷεŮˣΪʲôһֱм䵱ڻҵȴԼ
Ϊʲô

ϷŭӵϸŵҹصĿյ
Ĵòõ⾡ս

Ӻ󣬿۾һ۱㿴ڴߵϡ
㣿ʲô

϶ֱסһٵĳ嶯ѹɤˣ̫ɹƨˣ

طſڴϲ붯
ҿյ㣬Ȱ


Ķ䣬Ҫϰ࣬Ҫȥˣ
ѾĸϽҹ

Ч꣬ӼŴ߹ȥ

ڵذϣűֻ䣬һ޹ؿߣ㣬㺰ôԴۡ

Ѿģְнٵǲǣ㿴᲻㡣

˫ֲϵ
ûʲô£䶼޲ʧҪǱץסʲôѱ˭ס㣬ڿʼôʮҪлɳˡ

һ䣬ѹǴӵذ

ˣˣҵѽҪϽʰһ£
һ߶߶һëëس

Ͽʮֵĸӡ

Լʮ䣬һʹⶼʲô£

Ů

ƵػصԼ䣬ϴһ£Tţж̿ˡ

εն̿ڵס˫Խĳȣְֱ

վУ׻ģε˷Σ·زȫȡ

ӵֱ۾ֿͶϲϡ

㣬ġá
˹

İ칫Ժ󣬰սг̣ٽһɾɾֻҪȥ跿Ǽ¸Ϥһ¡

Ӹ̾Ϊֹ޵㣬ô¶һ㿳ȥ˴롣

ؼǣôּۻ۵ˣҲû˭ˡ

ϵĴ߹һĨĵЦ⡣

һжϰˡ

ֻҪܴﵽЧ黹صġ

֮һ˼ضŸɣڹ˾ûκκô

ȨȡᣬôˣȻ֪Ӧôѡ

˵ˣ˾ͨѹեȡ棬ôѹեҲøЪ

飬˲ңΪ̫ӹ˾ǵ͵λͲæɸݡ

ϸǲ̫һ

Ŀ겻ͬںȻҲͬ

̯֮Ժ΢ָһǰɢӡ

δãͻؼˡ

ֻǣòˣȴͻȻæ

Ȼϳ涼˵ûա

ϲЩգǰε黹ǰѹŵˡ

벻ԼҲôסʱ

ڷطһᣬĵЩꡣ

ʵƲסˣһͦȥҵӣҪš

ߣȥư档

Ӹպû˼ҾӷϳԼҪȥеɡ

㣬úõȥʲôưɡ

ѾȥưɣӻΪϴĸˡ

ϣ̫ˣû¸ɣȥĸϡ

ӵɴ۾ǵһʶϡ
㣬㻹ĵϣ㲻ֻȲ𣿡

ϣǰ˲治𣬻ˣ
ӣûûû㣬Уֵഺʢ𡣡

б۾Ƴ
㵽ȥȥ㲻ȥԼȥˡ

𰡣㣬һȥãһϳ鷳ˡ

̫˽ϺȾ֮ĵԣƽʱͺܺˬˣȴ֮ŵÿ˭һȥھưֵطѾӰˣ˶ر裬رңҪҲһһʶĵƬˡ

ԼΪΨһľ˴ҪС

ѾЩͷˣſӣҪԸš

ӸϽס㣬ȵȣȵȣȥ·òãһᡣ

ӳ˳ԼϵĿͨҾӷ˵

Ͽһۣͣ
㡣

õģܿ졣һӦţһﱼȥ

ڷɿػһ·һͷױͳˣµЩϲͷ

㡣ӿ˿ϣǴϵTͶ̿㣬㲻·𣿡

ϵͷһԼڰ֡
ɶһ¶ࡣ

˵ţ輸ϵֻͳԿ׾Ҫߡ

ں溰
㣬ȵȣ

ϻͷü

ӣ㣬ôīñʲôġ

üͷԼõĶȻûī

ţһīΪһϰˣȻá

üģ鲻ãҲűˡ

һ£Ǳߵļϡ
ָʹſӣԼȴ߻ȥ

ӵǲ߼·صϣڷŵļīʣҪһ㣬кü

㡣ػشһѾȥˡ

ԥһ£һǳɫī͸ܳš

ư߲ãǳɫĲܿ·ڿʽʲôĶ࣬

һ·µֱͣһ仰˵Ųţѳӿ÷ɿ죬гƵá

ڳе£˫ֽקסȫ

вͣ߶㣬㣬㡣

ȫûûһ

벻ףϽôˣͱЩ꣬굽ҪȥĵϣҪȥ쭳

ӻ˽ϵģÿҪôһΡ

ͣóȥʱ򣬿ӿ˿ưɵ棬ʱе㲻ȥ

ⲻǼżεDDư֮ǰϻ˵ưָӣôҲˡ

ӾϿ϶ʲô̼ˣݣ

ȾҲӵĵطһ㶼ȥְľưɣŵ滺ֻи̨Ƶس衣
رƽȥ㲻ȾƣŶúܷɺ

DDưȫͬӴһ֣ǧ˵أʹػʵƣˣȾƵĺȾƣĵϵıĵϣ͵ģĻģ˵кܶһҹĶ

֮һҡ



41 
θͬѧ,ҲǺСĵؿֻһƣҪ䡭

ٴܸӡ

סҪߵ,Ȱ,ǻطɣȾƵĵطкܶ,̫,ֵͷۡ

ϻͷһһٵ˵ҽ,Ҫ

ֻŮ˶ƾʲô

ᵽ䣬ɫһ,ȻͷߣֻøϽϡ

,,һξƶȣϸˡ

Ӵ,ظϽȥ

ǵʱ仹,ưֵطҹԽԽ,ʱĿ˲ࡣ

ưãڵĿԤ,ʣµĶɢ̨,ϺͿֻ,ɢ̨Ҳ㹻ˡ

ſھ͸Ҫ˼ƿƣ·صϼβơ

ѺƺͿձȡ,ٰϼƺõļβƣϻǰˡ

ԱߣһӵľƣеͷƤ顣

ԲܺȣҪƷͷȥԼһԿŵ㡣

ţͻȻһֻװ˰뱭Ƶĸ߽űݵԼǰ

ȡžƱԿ˵

ĬĬһۣӹƱ

ȻҲȲȣԼƿӾࡣ

ӣ
ȵҲ̫ˡ˰ɡ

ӻûϺô͵ģһ͹һƿĻûʼȾȾ⡣

Ӷʱеͷ綷

ĬĬذľƱŵϡ

϶ĿƿӣùӵľƱͷһꡣ

ӣ
Ҫˡ

ӻ˽ϵģÿҪôһΡ

ͣóȥʱ򣬿ӿ˿ưɵ棬ʱе㲻ȥ

ⲻǼżεDDư֮ǰϻ˵ưָӣôҲˡ

ӾϿ϶ʲô̼ˣݣ

ȾҲӵĵطһ㶼ȥְľưɣŵ滺ֻи̨Ƶس衣
رƽȥ㲻ȾƣŶúܷɺ

DDưȫͬӴһ֣ǧ˵أʹػʵƣˣȾƵĺȾƣĵϵıĵϣ͵ģĻģ˵кܶһҹĶ

֮һҡ

θͬѧҲǺСĵؿֻһƣҪ䡭

ٴܸӡ

סҪߵϣȰ㣬ǻطɣȾƵĵطк̫ܶ࣬ˣֵͷۡ

ϻͷһһٵ˵ҽҪ

ֻŮ˶ƾʲô

ᵽ䣬ɫһ£ȻͷߣֻøϽϡ

࣬һξƶȣϸˡ

Ӵ⣬ظϽȥ

ǵʱ仹磬ưֵطҹԽԽãʱĿ˲ࡣ

ưãڵĿԤˣʣµĶɢ̨ϺͿֻˣɢ̨Ҳ㹻ˡ

ſھ͸Ҫ˼ƿƣ·صϼβơ

ѺƺͿձȡٰϼƺõļβƣϻǰˡ

ԱߣһӵľƣеͷƤ顣

ԲܺȣҪƷͷȥԼһԿŵ㡣

ţͻȻһֻװ˰뱭Ƶĸ߽űݵԼǰ

ȡžƱԿ˵

ĬĬһۣӹƱ

ȻҲȲȣԼƿӾࡣ

ӣ
ȵҲ̫ˡ˰ɡ

*ûϺô͵ģһ͹һƿĻûʼȾȾ⡣

Ӷʱеͷ綷

ĬĬذľƱŵϡ

϶ĿƿӣùӵľƱͷһꡣ

ӣ
Ҫˡ

㣬ȣģû˸

һ˦ӵ֣ʲôû˸Ҿ֪

ЩûͷûԵĻʮֵ岻ϻ

ҲסֻԱߣԼǱƣȥǼɫѤļβƣһظˡ

꣬ӣԱ־ơ

βƻûһƿƣࡣ

һԿľģȳô

ϺȵĿվƿԽԽ࣬ưҲ궯Χ˷ܵĽк

ưѾΪ

Χȥȥ˺ܶ࣬Ȼӱײһ¸첲ͦ۵ģŸ첲ȥ

Ȼھưָӵĵطײһ£Ҳᵱ˼ҳϾŸء

ֻתͷ˭ײġ
һۣתͲû

ǣײȴٳû߿

Ƭ̺һವ˵㣿ô㲻ǲֵط𣿡

ӱãش˸
żûдװû

˸ɴһվ࣬бϣЦЦشſӡ

ӱĿ⿴ûڣվ˿˾䣺ܡ

俴ɫЩ

һߵѾȴˣ˸˶û⣬ɵۣҾơ

ʱѾ˵ƣѣԣײӵʱ򣬺ܿϳ
ſӿһᣬΪǰƣܹˡ

ɳơ

ûСӵͷ˵ҲСԵúûе
ֵľưȻ˵ʲô

ü͵˵ˣû취Ʊ˰ɡ

ȭͷ̧ͷҲûУˣ㻹磬Ҫ˵ɺϣҲ㣡

벻ӾȻôԼ˵ǸԼǰһֱΨΨŵŵҶ˵һˡ

һᣬصһۡ
ûУĶҲɾȥΪҺܲһΣûеڶΣ

ЩѿӴ̵ãɫһһࡣ

ûеڶΣӳɤӣӵУ
Ϊ˭ѽȫ綼Ҫתȥĵط˾Ͷȥ𣡡

ҽҽģҪȻ˭ֳ˵Ĺط
һ꣬߹ȥſϵϡ

ʱŷſһѾƿͿվƱ֮ϡ

벻ԼȾƻף΢Щȡ

ϱӷʱеɣһǰϵĶһֻƿﵹƣó˦£ضϡ

þﻹҪȣ
㣬ˣǻؼҰ

һطƫƫǲƨճڵһ

תͷ۾ſӡ
þȥ

ЩΣֻúţǻؼҺȺòãҲоƣ㰮ȶٺȶ١

һ˦ӵ֣ɤ£ҲŲȥڼʲô˼Ҫȣ

󣬺˸ûأӱ˦һģϡ

һԿţ̲ס֣쵽һջüһԿǡ

ȥ칫Ҹаʱͷõģʮ㣬磬ôһϾʧһھưȳһࡣ

ȻãӺǾ£ڡ

üģ˼ҪҪæϳȥӵ򷢻ؼҡ

һǰʹһ

ȥȴϺͿӲ֪ʲôʱߵǰȥˣһȺΧס

üͷһϽȥô¡

߽ͼӱһֱסЦһĲ⡣

ֵطˣһ۾֪Щʲô
ֻǣû뵽ӾȻҲôз

Ŀڿӵϡ

ǰעش磬һֱ̫ۣǴ

Ȼ̫ԸϣӴһ»ͦÿģһݵŮͿɰ΢΢⣬ȴ֣Եݱ

䰵ģһȻͿԼԼĳЩеӡ

ǵãӵļģ

ݵƿߣɫ΢΢

һתȴΧһС
ץסֱۣţǸüģƺЩʹࡣ

ÿ֡

ϳ˵ʱڳضǸˣ׺ݵɱ



42 㲻
ߵɧ,ѾưɵİԱˣ߹ȥЩ˽н档

ʾԸ֧һʲƵҽҩԼԺ,Ⱥ˲ͣЪ

һ־,ӺҲ޷ھưȥ

ϴԺ󣬾΢һЩ,ſȥ̨ˡ

һֱŵط,뿪ư֮ǰʲôۡ

俴뿪ӰסղȺµ,ھưɰԱЭ£ʣµβ

òУȻʶ΢һ,廹᲻𾢣һڿϡ

ӳųصѹ,·,ͣĵطеԶڵŲȥ֪Ҫá

ղžưȺʵŵ,Щ˻׷,Ͻ·һ⳵Ѿذȥ

Ӵ,һ۾ưſڣһƬƽƺûֳʲô,ɻ,ȴҲٶ,غóţ˾

ֱȫص,Ĳض

ϴֵſڳɳ˯ˣԱߵҲٶһ¡

һ⣬ҪС

Ժ󣬾ԣȥֵط

Сˡ

ȻЩһʼǳԼģҲҿԱ߰ˣͷЩ鶼̫ΣˣǱɧŻǴܡ

ҪǣϵݺЩմϱߣһ㹻һƬȷѪꡣ

һϵıңڶ죬ӱ趨гʾѣżҪȥ¼һڵʳĿ

͵شӴ𼱻ȥ𴲡

ϻ̯ڿɳϣ˯һ

ҡ˰죬Űeѡ

󣬿ǿӣַ˯

ѪɤŴС

㣬¼ĿҪ¼Ŀ

Ŷ䣬ͷü
㳳ˣͷۡ

ӣ

һѹظ
㣬Ҫȥ¼ĿˣٲҪٵˡ

ϲͷͶ䣬¼ʲôĿ

ʳĿһˣ㣬Ǻú¼꣬ͽˣ

ϳĬһ£

Դ˻һ
̫ˣͷ۵Ҫ

Ӽֱᡣ

˵㣬ôʲôס㡣ô¡

ƲƲ죬鲻á

ӣ
Զԡ

鲻ȥƣ鲻óȥˣ鲻ȥˡ

ƺɳʲô¶ֵ֡

ӾԼԴҲ

㣬ڻʱ䣬ȥϴɣ㶼һˡһ޷ݡ

£վҡҡλε߻ط䡣

óҲжʰˣš

ϴ裬ˬɵĳЬߡ

ӿٻָһЩ״̬³һںŶϽϡ

ͣϰԵʻϣԱȰſ

һˣϵҲҿľƾմһ鷳οڻϰ߷ڣһһͷڹ֮쭳٣ǲ

֮ڿѾΪص󣬷롢ͷ¡

ڼʻϣƣŶǡ

·ȻϳĳӣһͣһΣƢ΢һĶë

ںϲͷֹʲô⣬ôӣղǲи϶ȥڿЩ𡣡

ӣ

һҪӵǰĳһ߻ӰǸŮˡ

㣬ղǸ϶̫ˣҼãϡ

ںϷۣƽʱͲ

ӣ

òͨӵ·Σӳһʱ䣬¼ӰҪʼˣȽţһ·Сţϵ˽Ŀ鼯ϵĵط

⾰֣Բȥ¼ӰĿǰһλӣȥǱ߼ϡ

˵طȻˣ١

ͣóӣСĶŹȥһصǸ˼˼·Ҽãһʱ䣬ܱǸ

ЦŰڰ֣û£油ױģҲȥױɡ

һͷδͷ泯ڿӺ߹

ݵͷкױȥ

λһ

ںͷţӴһϽ״̬Ǻܺá

һԸЦŽͣʧߣе㲻״̬һעģġ

šݵͷ˰ϴ㲻ڣһ˵ϵûҩ׵ܼ꣬ͦˡ

ɫһæͷǣϽͦ׵ģȹȥæˡ

ȥɣȥɡݻӻ֣תȥæˡ

С׷ϣŽ˻ױҡ

ױ󲿷˶Ϻױˣϸһ¡

ĿĻױʦڳһϽЦչȥߴкץʱױ

ƤãʣױҲ򵥺ܶ࣬׷۶ô棬Ĩһˡ

˶½뿪ױҳȥ漯ϵʱϵױҲˡ

ϴͷδȫɣױʦô£һ㷢;ˡ

ϵأûϴҺȡ

˿ֻϣ㲻Ҫٳʲô״ͺá

ôƣҲǷйһ٣Ȼûô꣬ûʲô᲻𾢣ޱظڴҺͷţ֪Щʲô

ڵ⾰֣˷ԾģͷβܿڵӰȴ쳣

ݶԾίϼΣڰʾ֪ˣһ㣬һӡ

εؿӣҲ£㲻ס

ϵ״̬ȻǺܺãҲûӰĳ̶ȣֻðһ־ͷ˵ƹȥ

ĿİһСڣгϢһᡣ

ϽոĬȥ˶Ǵյһ죬һ˶ڽʱʱһڱϡ

һһϢϵСҲԶǵʱʱش˵

Ȼᵽա

϶Ա鶼ȤһգֻƬҲ˲

˵ҪһӾ硣

Ҳ˵ˣܾܺûԲٵĹˣҶΪ˾ĻרĹǶֵ񡣡

ҲǴԣ֪ǲġ

̶ܴģҼһС˵Լ˱޸ľ籾춼ڼӰӵæš

λ̾Ϣһ

֪׼һˣҪڹܵľϸɫͺˡ

ϾǸϹϵýݾ

㵹룬ֻ˭ȥ

ǰһλ˹ܵľ磬ˡ


Ļ϶ȥˣӾţΪ˳ﱸӾӰӵ㡣

ϴμ棬ջ벻ݵӾ硣

ҲЩԶģֻǵʱû뵽ջԲһӾ

˵кæûʱ棬ӦòһܾĽڡ

æ

ôһ룬϶ʱеˬȫ˻



43 ĺڷ
ݵϢʱ,ٿʱֱǰǸӣھͷǰĴQ,

ݶϵ״̬ͻȻתȻЩɻ󲻽,ϲ⡣

벻СһᣬϾָܻ״̬,Ҫ֪,͸ôԭˡ

ӱȵݸɻ󲻽⣬ֱϻһ,˵ͷúܡ

ЪһСᣬôͻȻһ˶˹

ô,ָܻͺãҪȻҲøűĥС

ŬԾ,,յ˳ؽˣʱ,̫ûɽ

ں,շϢ

ϡ켸°ࣿ

ջظϢûô죬ϷϢ,ͰŸ裬Ȼظ

ǰͷųôʻ,ûѶҪ,,״̬Ժ࣬Ȼˡ

,ŴСĶǰ°໹Ҫ𿪳ЪһᶼС

㣬ȥĳԷǵ𣿡

ģȺƵʱ򣬿ӿʼһ˵ʱʲôȽء

ţĶӺöԽĿĹ͸Բ

ƺⲻȤеӦϲɡ

ô˵ӾͿʼаԼϲԵĲʽһһһ飬ֵһƣû

㣬벻

ȥǼɡָ̧ǰ·ڸһ䷹ݡ

Ҳûϸ룬Ȼ˵벻ȥĳԣǾһ䣬Ķ֪ȥˣȥĳԷ⡣

ӿ˿ָķƺһ¿ɫ˹ݡ

˹ݿһ·ڵĸ˳·

ӵͷǾȥҰɣԿʲôɫĲƷ

˵ţͣӺˡ

ȥʱ򣬿ӺȻֵһûеġ

㣬ȥӦûеŶ

û£ҲñīһֱڶֻͷҲ̧ػص

ӻЩԥʱϵ΢ϢʾˣȻϾͳĬҲӡ

һᣬڵҵطͣ׼ȥ·ߵĲ˹ݳʣҪǶֵǼ¿Ĳ˹ݣ濴ܲͷӦͦʳ

ϾõȵϢˡ

աҼӰ࣬Ҫ
ϡӰൽѽȥ㡣

աܻᵽʮ࣬ýˣԼȥ
ϡôԼؼңǲ

ճĬһᡣ
աҲҪؼϢһ˿ûġ

˼һ󣬳Ȱһ¹ա
ϡҴ򳵹ȥ㣬һؼҡ

ڹյĻظǰѸٵĲϢ

ϡӰһϣһ񲻼úΣյģϽϵĳñȽϿ죬·ûаôȫ
ϡ֮ҪһؼҲܷģŸ㵱˽˾

ʾ[Է]ʧˡ

Ǳ߳һʱ䣬̵طһϢ
աǣðɣ鷳ˡ

ϡ鷳[Ц.jpg]
ϡİȫǸ鷳Ȼһᵣĵ˯ž

ϢԺ󣬹հ˺ܾöûлظ

϶ֻһᣬȻԼǾ仰ǲֱ̫ˣùվò˼

Źǲ֪ͻԣ¶ǵĻھ

Ҫ

ϰյһԼԴ

㣬³ˡ

ȻӴֵڳ⴫

һ飬ͻȻعʵһ㣬ɰһվԼŵĿӡ

Ӽֱ۵ɵĪ
Ǻţˣ

ӷģԺҲŮ˿ˣ

ʲôҪӳ̣̲סѵ
㣬Ǵñīˣ

Ů˳˲ּһմ

һ룬֪ͷ˳ķ˿Ȼ󣬡ŶһתӴҳñӺīһһϡ

ʵôΣôڻǺ׻ΪȺеĽ㡣

ɫñʹīһ𣬻ڵֻʣ촽°ͼ⣬ϤˣҲȷ

ֻΣԽĳȺСһվǺ·˵עĿ

ӲһѺϿ첽߽˹

Ļ磬˹ݻû

Ȼûе䣬ڷԱָ£ҵһŴƫƧСӡ

λÿҰãλҲ࣬һֱû

ȴ÷ϿӵҪ

ڽ£ӷԱнӹ˵˹ؿ

˹ȷʵмȽӱĲʽǼ۸Ҳͦɹۣ룬ʾһϡ

ϾֻһСһ̫ʽľ˴ԣԴ飬ǾԲ򵥵ġ

㣬㿴Եʲôм˿Ż

ϴ³ã۾һֱճֻϣһ۲˵ڵ˾С

ǣͣƣСֹе󡣡

ϣ㣬ÿ۸񡣡

ӣۡ
ǰôƴֵӡ

תͷ͸Աžһˡ

ȷԱЦеرŲ˵뿪Ӵһ²˹Ļȷʵܲװ޵ĵжȽϺá

˺óԣ´λ˳·

ǱߣֻôãڵյһϢ

աڻȷʱ䣬ȵߵʱٸ㡣
ϡõġ

ϡҺͿһ¿ɫ˹ݣ´δԡ
աš

ڶݽ죬֪ǱæҲƵسؼϴһϴʱൽʮ㣬Կ׾ͳš

ſﴩſͨҾӷʳĿӣһЦһɧ·ҪŤӣ̲סһ
㣬Ҫȥˣ

ͣ½ŲͷЦеؿ
㲻ˣȥԼᡣ

Ӿ۾ҪȥˣԼԼԼ᣿

Ȼˣϰ°ͣ磬ĵС̹ġ

С̹ӣ
ޡ

Ů˲ȥ˾ˡ

㣬ɲٳȥȾˡ۾ضϡ

Ц⽩˽Ц

ȻϣԲȾƣұ֤

Ӽ̫컹Ҫ¼Ŀ

õģû⡣
ָһOKơ

ȻͷҲصؿ첽ȥˡ

Ųźݺݵشһ

Ѿͷر𲻺ǣԽܼˣٶ˵ַӳˡ

˻ԴĳԿף뵽͹մԼַƮŽ˵ݣڵͣ﷢ӣһ㿪˳ȥ

ͼƻˣһȥ̲̲裬ȥһݹϲСԣ󣬰ѳӿ׻Դãλͣó

ȻԤԼõĳ⳵ֱǶֹ˾İ칫¥

ձԤƵĻҪǶִ¥洵һ磬ûյյϢ

︽ûʲôĵطԶҪڰ칫ȡ

ӲɵȰСʱ

մһͨ

˵Ѿ¥ˣջЩ⡣

˵ǸȻɿ

߳칫¥⣬ԵϣȻеůůġ

죬תЦЦ

ĺڷӣҹ繴ճ



44 
·һ,ĵõĻ

һ΢ĬĬ

ҹϵЦһ¡

ǣ

˵ڵȵ,ա



·ĳֹϵԡ

һع,۾ֱֱϵ

ܾûм,ȴʵ,ֻ졣

ϰһ̲ٵǰ

нӹ̲裬һ,㻬ĿڸУˡ

Ӱ͹Ա۾籾飬˵̫໰,ˣ칫ҵĲˮһҲٺȡ

ȴ֪һ,ǡʱصݸһ̲衣

ճ΢΢һЦ,С뱭

ˮǹ˸

Ͽ˫۾,һ̲ˮ,ȴپöֵõġ

յһ̣ȴеĿͨͨʧˡ

ʱ䲻,ҹʮһ㣬칫¥˶ټ

ϣĳȥ

ͣ

պ,ػش,ղϵ̫,ܳ,ǻҪ߻ذ칫¥ȥһ㡣

߰ɡַļһذһߡ

ѩ׵ȴˡ

߽¥ʱСĵ͵һϡ

ϵıֱͦʮֺÿĴǡôص׺ţЩʳ˼̻ƽɫ

տſţˡ

ߵǰϽͷ

ʱ򣬴¥ֵصİûˡ

ݲôȣղŹĵݣͣһ㡣

յĳйоصĺɫܷĸܲݡ

ЦЦӹԿףӡ

һ£ȼ̲͵ˡ

ţллôҡյСòˡ

ǺǣûʲôҲû飬ǰжʱ䣬ϲԼ磬Ҳһ硣

Ͽỵ̂ƵشŹա

ջû˵ֽ˵ԺҶɣӰôһ˲ȫ

򴽣ɵ鷳㣬̫ðɡ

ϣûʲôõģڼסתתҿ

šռСӦһ£߲̫ȻƮ

ϲĶ⣬ߵЦˡ

գʵҡ

ϣʵ

ͻȻͬʱ˵ͬʱסˡ

ϱЦݣ˵ɡ

տ˿תͷȥ

ң˵͹ԱһӾ硣

ϣţҲҪ𣿡

յͷҵܵݡ

ƺЩ˼ֲǰݹĵӾ硣

ϰʳĿ¼Ŀʱʱ֪ˣǰݵĵӾ磬ĳˡ

Ǹ˭ײ£ϼܿ϶ѩ

뵽ѩ򴽣ĵЩζ

ûз仯˵ⲿഺУ԰磬ŮǼѧУëӣѧУ

ն϶˵ţСƺЩɬ

ţȴҲϡ

ͣһᣬһת˵ϣ㵱Ůǡ

΢㶣Ȼؿգȴ˫ִרעԼ

ϣϷʵҲͦȤģ㵣ĲݣǸҿԽ㡣
ܾСȰš

˽һһĽ𣿡

գ

Ϲ𴽽ǣظһ飺˽£һһ𣿡

šǡЩ˼תͷͮͮĶ˼

ðϺܸɴشӦңôܾܾ

ϲؿ˵ɡ

ƾЦݣϾͲܾܾο˽һһѧʮֵظ*Ȥ

߹Ц⣬ѳӿ÷ɿ졣

ӿ׻Դõĵͣʱ򣬹˵
Ǿ籾һЩҪ޸ĵĵطﱸĹҲҪһʱ䣬׼ˣʽ֪ͨ㡣

˵Ϸ飬ձñƽʱ໰

º͵Цţ˵ꡣ

̤ʱ򣬰ŵ̲СԵݸա

ٳһҹ𰾻壬籾ż

սӹСӦš

ϣǶ߸ˡ

ڵǰʾϵһ·ͣʮ

һᣬԼҲҪȥһ¥

ڴֻϢʾ

աϣһ˴򳵻ȥ

ЦЦ

ϡҵĳͣڴ棬İɣԼԵġ

ա˵һ£ĳ¼ϵͳԺͿɳͣˡ

ϡá

һĽ棬鼫õ߳׻Դá

ɰ˵ĺޱϾãٹһʱ䣬ɽյļҡ

һ׻ԴõĶ㣬̾һ

ձΧ˱̫ˣŴδն;ܡ

ڶյĽĿڽУ͵Ӱ׼

ʱԣݻרĿİš

ĿǰǶйزŵĹͨһڽĿﳪһ¸衣

ݹΪ˸һ£׸ڽĿм价ڣǷβ

룬÷мȽϣֵЧĿһ㶼н֣岻

Ҳ뷨ؼǣڽĿ;¸һ

ڱڽĿ¸׳һ㣬м䣬Ȳ÷˿õȣĿĹͶȣһá

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ʦǽĿʱģҲҪֳϹͨһ¼ı飬ɡ

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һ鳪ֽ꣬βεʱͻȻһ֧õߵ̨ϣݸϡ

ޱĻ̨ľ۹ʢš

䴽ЦЦӹõ塣

Ȼʲôû˵ȴһоڲС



45 
̨ͻ鲻ǽĿȰŵ,ȫĸΪ

̨ºվڰӰ̨ϵϳһһ飬һԺ,ܿҶ,Ͷ˼ѹ,ֽ̨¶һ

ʱ,ȲӰϳ裬Ϊ׸,Ҳɾȥ

ҲûжĶϲþܾ

ǰʱ䣬,һCPҲ˲Ǻܿ治ܼϳCP,,һ㣬ڽĿҲ𽥱Ե

ȻҲǰ

ǽĿһ,һֱҸٲһCPȶ,㹦򲻸ˣȵʱ

Ƕõ¼Ӱǰ,һ˿͵ģһõ塣

ȡһ俪õģϡ

ͳõ廨֮,ͺܸɴˡ

ȻҶЩľٶ,ûɹӰ,Ҳû˵ʲô

һεĸɵúܺãҪ״̬,ʱ򳪵úãһξ͹ˣʱ״̬ԣ¼ġ

ԣһȻĩβиСӰЧҶ¼ˡ

ٳһΣЧδػá

϶ͻ£δϣʣµĽĿҲ糣㣬ڼ䣬û쳣Ϊ

ʳĿһ¼ϣĿ鰲һģ칦磬ССһ

֪ҪæҲŻȥŴȥ칦硣

ϯϣҺ˺ܶơ

ϵ㻹Ҫȥӹգһֱܿƣ˵θһԲơ

һȺ˺ȵϰ˾ŵ㣬Ҫ档

ϸڴҺȥȴȥһ

ߵſڵʱͻȻ߹ȥ

ϣҺΣܲһ̡

˵ŻֱҲϵļϣ§һ顣

һҲƿʣأ

ѽأ΢̧ϣ
һȾϴƬƣεεˡ

˵ֵͷϵļ

ֻ̾÷ȻԼĳϡ

ŶѾȥóˡ

պΧûбˣϷż˶ԼϵߣԱߵӰһֻ۵ͷϺ˼ʮƬ

ߵɫܳԣӼϷˣæ֣Ž

㣬Ҫ³

Ӵȥ

һӲŻش𣺡ȥǡ

Ӹ֪ʲô˼

ǣѵҪȥҽĿ˼һ

ʼ磬ҲúˣԼֺȵģٰȥȺ˻һ飬ƺ̫׵

ϣĵ绰𣿡

̯̯֣ûа

ǿųڵˣһֵɽ

ҲǣҲǡ

㣬ҪȰۼңӦûӻȥӳŽ

°룬εֻ̾ˡ

ϺͿӰһȥؼңŵĳɳϣϴ󾢣ϾǸҲ̫죬еš

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ͳֻǰһϢ˵ԼʮӾˡ

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ץԿףͷҲصسţںжвס

һĵļһͷˡ

ϸʱ䣬ѳӿ÷ɿ죬Ҳһ·˲֪ڵǶֵİ칫¥

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ա㵽
ϡˡ

ϸϢ³һҸλðѳͣãܹȥ

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Լһ䣺յ𣿡

ܵǰͣ£

ûٵ

գʵ㲻ôģڰ칫һҲûϵ

ЦЦʳĿɱˣݽдȥһ칦磬ֵеˣһЩʱ䡣

صͷˣ˵һͺãôϡ

ûʲô£ֶɢˣֻǣ̲ˡ
̯ſտҲ˫֣Ƥͷ

տģֲ̿ǷҪ̲衣

΢΢ս۾ʣĲҪ̲𣿡

տͻȻսɫͮͮġ

ڣһȥҲԡ

һЦˡ

գ۾ˮؿ

̲סͷԼĻ

ŵϵֽŶӲˡ

Ϻַܿſܽ¥

ɵվˣȥó̲衣

ŵʱߵüǴñӺīղڴ¥ûסѹԼȥ౧һģ£Ͻַſ

ˣѵøղôõա

ϿŹյĳ˹شӵͣת·Լĳ쭳ȻŹգҲˡ

޲һ㣬һʱҲԳһ㡣

̷·̲껹ûţϴŹŽȥϰڵӣתһӴһ

ϡѽܼһء

ϰ°ɫĨЦӭ

ߴһɨֱֱڹϡ

ѽҵСˣѽ

ϰؽţֱ۾Ҫסա

·סˡ

Ŷֱҧʲô룬˼ʲôʱСˣ

ϰܵЩؿϣҾһ˵бҪôô˵СŮѲһˣ

ϰֱ׳ʣϺ͹ͬʱ˸



46 Ը⡣
Ƥ,ָܿҪǵϰôһֻŵգϾջûʽӦء

ϴ,ûʳ

,˼һϰ,ֱ۴ռ,Ȼ˵Ȼˣ,ҵġ

ϰһۣС

˵ת˹̨档

ϸŹȥڹ̨ǰ̲谡

ûСϰϳӦȻƿ,ԹռüŪֻۣһС˵ġ

ҵˡ

Ҳ˰,ٸһϼһɰͰ͵Ц,ݺݵضϰ

ϰ￴Ҳ,ûȤ

ϣ

ܿ,ϰһ̲,Ƶǰ

ǣλСҾԲ壬ϲһġ

Ҫϴյ֡

ϰסֱ,ϡ

,Ͳ˼,ǰ˵ˣСŮѾ˸Ƶ,װͰ͵ģǰ׽ˣɫ塣

ϼֱҪˣ׼ɫ˭

Ҳݺݵ֮ҵŮѣ㲻⡣

ϰŭ⣺ֱĪߣⰭˡ

ӹ̨תſߣһ߲ͷضԹ΢Ц

̲ǽģøǮ´Ŷ

˵꣬պߵűߣϰﲻ˵ĻᣬƳȥ

ϻͷһյĲţߵŮˣԽԽ϶Ǹڵˣ

Ա߿ǳܣЦ

Ͽʱ򣬾Ψһһ̲裬£Ƶ

һ˫ԲģƤֿɰ

ϣ
ܴĿڣôоձǸŮ˴ˡ

ǵĳͣ·ڸ̲һС·̣̲裬ظɢ

һ·ϣ϶ͷû˵쵽·ڵʱͻȻһ¹յ֡

պתͷ

ֹԥһᣬʣղ˵ģô

һͷˮղ˵ʲô𣿡

ϰ׾ոһõ졣

ղŵϰ˵ġͣһᣬַɿŮѡ

˵̧꣬ͣŵؿŹա

շ·Ůŵˣϣû˵

Щˣ룬ˣⷴӦ϶Ҫܾ

ñܾ׼

ĬĬذοԼܾһΣûϵŬֱմӦΪֹ

ҡ
ſڸ˵ͻȻֹ

ţ֪ģ㻹Ǳ˵ˣûϵģðοҡ
Ϸɿ˵̧꣬ͣǰĳȥ

ںԽԽıӰһ˵Ը⡣

ϼеĽŲʱͣ£ǲһ㣬Źգ
ϣСʣգղ˵ʲô

ɫӣЦ⣬
ظһ飺˵Ը⡣

ɲǼ䣬ضžˣϵҶ·Ƶӳ˸Ŵ̵Ĺâ

ã·ֻʣˡ

߻յ֣ؽ§

ȵţһֻԼףжƵʡ

ϱ˺ܾãõ̲豭Ҫȥˡ

Ļﶯһ£һ

ɿ֡

ˣӣ峺ؿȥɡ

·Ѿվӡ

á¶һЦˣӰһˣ컹Ҫ𡣡

˵ţͷĶһ¡

ǻȥɡսյ֣߻سԡ

ϰѹͻص׻ԴʱѾʮһ롣

տһֻʱ䣬Щģôˣĳأ

ﴽЦЦͣ칫¥Ǳߣҵ´򳵹ȥ

ʮˣûô״˰ɡ

Ȼвҹĳ⳵˾ûԤԼסһճÿϾС߲Ƿҵ·Σĳ⳵ٺܶࡣ

ԥһᣬҪҪҼȥ

Ļû˵˼

Լȥסһ

ֻǣǽϸȷϹϵò˿ϲĽչҪʱ̣ϲƻ

ϵռһңһ鲻ԽʲôԽΪŵ˹գ

Цҡҡͷˣȥϴϴ˯ɣصҸ㷢Ϣ

ͷƽ



Цųջӻ֡

ϡ

һ룬´򿪡

մ˳Կϡ

㿪ҵĳȥɣȥҡ

üϡ

ҽйӡշɿؽӿڵ

һ˿Сĵؿϣ㣬עⰲȫ

˵Ҫתݡ

ȴס֡

ɻĻͷȴϵϹɵЦݣ΢΢ǰָ̧̽Լա

һڣҾġ

հ۵һƬ

ҡҡ֣һ¾ͺá

ձ۾ڽǰһ¡

ӨˮĴ괥΢⻬ļһöǳɫĴӡ

סˣǻζãع粻Ӱݵʾϣͣʮ

ϿŹյĳصԢӻû˯ڲ￴ֻ

СŸ߽ţӣôû˯

λһֱûѹҲû绰ǲǰˡ
ָָķһƣ˵

֪ͲҪˣȥĿǱߣ鷳
Ӳֹţתһƣϰ׾ϹһöͮͮĴӡۡ

㣬㡭Ӿһ룬ȥˣŴӡ

ԣϵ̧Լһۡ

СѾͷ±Ϲ˵

ӣ
Ϲ˵ˣⲻλεһӡŮ˻ӲĿ

˵һģô£

ǰϳȥ棬ͻ˵ִ󷽣ܻӭҲŮ˶֣ɴδɫ棬ǹӡ

㡣Ӵյǰо죬ʣ㷢ˣ



47 ʵ
Ϸ¸,ûصûôˣʲô飬ҷҲ,һ,궼ˡ

ɫʱ࣬ʲôʱ

˵һ˵ȥ,˦,žžزŵذطˡ

ڿվһᣬߵɳ,ҡҡһ㷴ӦûУ۾յý,˯

ε̾صĵ,Լȥ

ڶ,Ǽҿﾫϴ

ϣǼҺҲ,,䣬淽,ӸǺø

ӣ

ϣ

ѡСҲܺãλĽȥĶ,,Ǻ۹⡣

ͷ۵ط,ʲôʱ㣿

Ѿ·,ϵˡ

šϵͷô㣬Լˣе㡭ְ̫

ԣǺЦ

Ҳǲң£ҽȻȥˡ

Ŷǲɡϱ˵ߵԣһֻɾĲһˮ

תͷҪˮ𣿡

ڰ֣ˣҴˡ

Ŷðɡ

ͷһȵ˰뱭ˮ

ͻȻյԣֻ¡

ϣ

ĸƬǣȻҶҪ¶޽ͷˡ

һΣû£֮͡

֮Ҫлл㣬ҪԷתתӣ

æ֣ˣһҪع˾裬רŵӪͣҳԡ

ŶƺЩʧǹ˾鷳ôࡣ

ȥ̲סԱߴ죬ǹ˾ؽ㣬רҵӪʦ

ǺһЦҲҲǣϳôãܿͻϵġ

ӣǡ

ϣ

պȻЩΣʱֻ

¥ˡ

绰ظϵĥĥ죬߳ſڡ

ţ³һ

ˡ

ǰСݣһĶڡ

Ҳ˿ò˵Ůˣʱͦ鷳

Ȼճ⡣

磬Ƕ칫¥跿ʦɤӣϢ׼緹ʱ򣬿ͻȻ߹

ؿһùĹӣ룬Ѿͷʲôʱص㡣

㣬

ϣ֪㶼дˡ

ѽǸܸ£㣬㿴
ӰԼֻٵǰ΢档

һƬϴż˯£ͷˮԱߣžͷָ

ģ簲װġ

Ŵˮһߺһ߿ϣֱˡ

⣬⣬ʲô˼

Ŀضʲô˼Լ

ϣǣǲҲڰôĽ

ʼ磺ĵҲûãֻһСˣ˲ҵ¡

һӵֻ淭һµµۡ

ȫǵCPۣһ߿Źһף

ۣҿĵCPȻģ

ףϺĺ䣡

𰡣һճһ顪ԣҲһ𣡡

һƬİ

Ͽֱǰڡ

군ﶼϴˡ

Ҫǣպò״ӦŮѣֳô£ջô롣

ϼֱ

֪Ͳˣȥ

㣬Ǻûñ

ͬؿϣͬҲߣͿǸֻܻû뵽Ȼֵز̫Ҫˡ

ǺһȻϸԼ

У¼Ӱϳ質úúõģһõ廨ȥΪ˶¶ɶ¶ܸɵó

ＫΪȴ޼ƿʩ

˼ֻǷôһƬ˵ҲûëһжCPԲˡ

飬˿ҲһᣬϳҥʲôľԵЩѿĶҥһ˵ŪҲû塣

ֻưͳԻ

㣬̫ˣƽʱǸЩǻһѣ˭ãЩˣͲֵöã

ӸطɧŪôǸŮ˰һ

ǿˡ

ϸ꣬ģ£ǹյ顣

ϰʱ䣬ڹ˾͹նҪӣȥҹǲܵġ

ϴ΢ţȸշϢһ¡

ϡϵϢҥգңϵ

˺һᣬյĻظŷ

աæأû⿴ϵϢ

һ漴ֵ

ֻʱæû˿УͻῴǸ΢ˣΪѾѵβС

ԽԽĽúúøսͽͲС

飬ѵҲĲɣһֱʦѾ˵ˣ״̬ɴЩȥϢ

ܹչһ飬Ͻȴ˲

ĵʱˢһµϢ

ڽĿ۲͵ĲźĵƬҷŵϡ

ʲôƬĽǶȱȽΧûˣȥϺ˽ȥԷԼᣬ§§سš

µıǣ[˽ܣ͵͵Լ]

˳ʱѳɹռ˰һ

Ȼ˰ѺϷ΢Ƭϵʱ;ýˡ

ǰʱһͨͻ֣ᷢϺԼᣬһ극һؼңһҹڶ˸

ֿɲˣֱڸϺCPϵ´ӡ

νġ֪ʿϣ˵ϺǰѾһˣ˵бۣƬΪ֤벻Ŷѡ

Ͽֻ޲ðǸ͵ĵļߺҥͨͨϳʬ



48 ͷ
군,ҪǿЩѣôͶûˡ

ǣȥӹ,ǳٵ,Ȼ󣬹ҹʱ,һؾܾˡ

ڶ,һҹϢ

ùô롣

ϾãԼֱӱȥˡ

,ӵһڼԣһθڶûС

òװŵ࣬ȲظշϢ

ϡӰൽ㣿׼ȥ

պܿͻظˡ

աûӰ,ҡ

ϿŹյĻظѾ군ˡ

սҲһֱˢֻ,ϹϺۼǵء

յһĪϢ,ȻͿʼϹϵϢ

һʼź,˵ҪԽ,û̫ϡ

磬ϺıͻȻࡣ

§߳,ϼҹҹֲãԼȥһ,ܾôϡ

ô˻ҪϻԼȥ,ΪиҪڵ

,ϣҪŮѵġ

,ǽ̤

һֱΪ϶ԼһЩͬġ

ɿЩϢͬĶ⡣

ѹˣԭһֱ顣

ȻԼ鶼ʧȥ塣

ԭֻҲȡˡ

ڼŷһ룬ϻعԺǵԼദ

һжԼһԸҲ϶ԣԼֻһͣһʱʡ

ȴ룬ΪΨһ

ĸ˵öԣû˭ܳΪΨһӵеģֻԼ

ĸ׹Сɼ㣬ѧҵ֮ѧ죬ڼİ£յĸ

ǹռûףǻ󲻵һˣϹܼ˵ʱǳúףȫ˺

ʱѾˡ

¹֮˳µظϹؼҵϣԽ

Ϊ˹գҲȹٻ飬ϼŵ⽻ϡ

ҵ͵ŮǿˣǿӲö֮ϰ˵һУԸųľСرĸ׵ĻӲ档

ڶʱĸ׾;Ҫκ˸ģ˵һ

һֱĸ׵ĻϣֻǣÿμЩѡ

鲻ԽĶ鲻Խ뿿

ڣܵ˳ͷĸѵĳͷ

Ө飬ߵӰ˳յ䣬Ĺս͸ӳɬĹ

*
Ϻ˼죬ʳĿһڲ󣬸˶塣

ǵĻȣʳĿĵٴδ߷¼¼ĿںڼУͻϳ軷ڣ̨ͻ龰

ӲٷΧЧСµĴŹϵʵˡ

Ŀٷ³࣬ĻϵCP۸ǼһƬĵĻһȰѽĿ濨סˡ

*ϵ¸׳CPĻȣýĿǰδе

ȻٵǵսĿĵһ

ͬڵһƽĿƥУڵڶλ

ĿԲɹĵڶ죬ϵ΢ϸ˶̬Աҥ

дһƪǧֵСģԼΪĿʶѣֻ֮еĹ飬û塣

ϴģЩ˽ԼᣬһҹƬ£Ҳϸµؽһ顣

ǽĿٰɱ칦磬ڳ˰󲿷ֵĽĿα͹ԱԲ˵ֻ˵˽Լᡣ

칦磬Ӷ¼Ƭøȥˡ

ͼΪ֤ʤһپ⡣

ϼҹһҹ飬ҲûôΪһֱԼӺסϣˣ²ڳϺͿһؼģ࣬ϼҵĿɳ˯һ

ɳ˯ȥƬûйЩƬǰƬ˽

֪Ҳֻϵһ¶ѣİϵˡ

ϷƬⳡ־Ӧýˡ

ЩƬ¼ƤϼɳϵӣΪš

ϰЩƬ˽Ƕһ־棬ûжһϾͻЩƬȥϡ

ľӪôõһ

̵ģ¼Լ΢һ簲װġ̬֮󣬸ŷһ¶̬

ʹһµıҥСģ־侲ǿ϶˵ЩʵҸлϺͿԼһҹڶ̫ˣŻᷢһƬ¼һµʱ顣

֣صѵǸԼǾ岻İʹôˣǾ䡰װġǹ֮˽ЦֵЦû뵽ҵˡ

ǿֻǴñȽϺõѣǴ¹ϵ

ϵĳԹȺڿλ֣ĳ˵һʱЩ£֪ЩͼдĴԣλ˵ס

ʱʳĿĹٷ΢Ҳһ鵱칦Ƭһɱ֮˳˵һ䣬CPǽĿ鵱Ϊ˽ĿЧ⳴ϣܹԿҪλš

Ŀٷ³ҥⳡ־Ҳòˣ϶ǰʱЩҥԵڽƽϢȥ

㣬һ־Щҥȫͣˡ
ӿϷת䣬̾
ȴһ

ǸϺ꣬ԾCPŵĺһٸҥ˳ˮ顣

Ȼ֮һڽĿĵڶ췢ıҥҲǿǵԭ򣬵ȽĿ㹻ĺôȻҲһҥ

йٷıҥĸ˳ŲõĿ⡣

Ϊ˴ﵽЧӲһڡ

͹Ҳһûϵˡ

ǰû͹һһȥôҲûоö̵˼ȴһղ

飬ȻմȾ·ҩһ㣬ȾϱҲ䲻ˡ



49 ޵ĿռǵĿúܽ
һֱȵ,ıҥ͵һ̶ȣţ֪˶֪

վ㲻ϵϢ,Ҳڱ˵Ŀ¡

ϾȵĻ,һҥλ˺ͽĿٷͬʱվ,ƶ,Ҳ㹻ء

ɫϼʵʱϴ΢ŵ,շ˼ŵһȺڲ칦Ƭҿɳ˯ȥƬΪĻ˼,һţˮ

Ƭ,һ,̵طһϢ
ϡ棬

Ϣȥ,ϾͿʼŵĵȴ

˰Сʱ,Ͽһô

ֻϢʾ

աš

伫Ϊ̵Ļظ,˷ܵĻŭţ˶˹

ץסʱԼʮ֮¥µ,ͷɱųط任·

þû,Щ,ֳʱ黹,Ҳֻǽѳȥ׻ԴõĵͣԿ׷ŵȥ

·֮Ѿ׽Ҳˡ

ʱѾ΢ϴҷתͬʱ³ҥʢ

ʱյϷ΢ϢʵЩ⡣

һڣ˫ûһϢϵΪ϶ԼҲˣܶ곡Ϸһ㣬һΪһЩ״޼ա

ŪԷĸ֮ɵسȥһƬƲʡ

ҲΪԼѵؿ͸һУһУܿƵ»ָƽյĺˮ޲

ǣ΢дǧֵĳģͳǼֵ÷зţƽĺصһȦȦ΢С

Ȧŵкܶ࣬󲿷ֶ׬һ֮㷢һ仰һ¾ˣҲЩΪ׬ȡ

ĵصȵĿһڣһ˺ͽĿһ˾طĽгҥģ޽С

޷ٶɡ

һǱ˶⳴õĽҲδЩ޹

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ղ˼ʱԼϵıҪϻޣ˵Ҫ͵ģȴûиϽ͵Ļᡣ

ʱЩƬͱңûҲǱԩģҲпԡ

֪ϽԼԼȥ׿ڽ飬ʵѾԭϣĴΡ

ʱܸһ͵ĻᣬҲǾͲսһڡ

ڼ䣬㽫ǱӰӵŻѪ޸Ƶľ籾˺

ʮӺܿȥֻһͷѡһȹӡ

°ؼңϰ˵һʱжȥױݣصķ۵׺ϺܲǣϣȴѪ뻭ױš

ϧʱеš

Ȼ֪ϲһᣬǣȣôá

ȹӣ˿ʣµʱ䣬̲סһ򵥵ķ۵ҺѸĨɨһ㵭ɫ죬ĽëǳỤ̃ܳҪװ磬޵۾һƯ

ɨһ㵭ӰѡһɫĴʣһ£һױ

գ¿ɰŮѧһഺˮۣ˵ױԺøӾ£˾ޡ

㲵ɫҲܺõˡ

ͷֳܣȻ΢һֻǳɫĺᷢаķ˿£Ժ¶

ʸˡ

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һλּӣ泣ζС

ԶԶ㿴ī³ߵʻԣ򿪳ţһߵš

ߵǰ̧ͷϣû˵ЩʲôϱЦЦ

ȥ𣿡

ɵÿμʱһ·֮δйһ㡣

΢Цͷ

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ллԼҲԵġ
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˸ͷȴ֪ôȥǶ˵ԭˣǸ˵Բû㣿
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һᣬϸڷ̵ָá

գҺ飬ͷβһᡣ

˵ţƺӦôͲŸ˵һЩ

˶䣬˵ȥżصͷ

ϣ㡣

һ£û뵽ô׾Լԭ׼һ˵ǣҪظϸ˵

򴽣̧ͷϡ

ϴΣӦúúһµģǸ

˵رС˵ͷɿתٿϡ

ؿЩԼĶ䣬һᣬȷŹѾԭˡ

ѹĿڵĴʯŲ

һɫһɣĵЦ

طû·ƣֻϵͶʵĹâء

յĲͣɫ£·һõĹ⡣

̲סյĶߣ˵գңҺܸˡ

Ȼڶ˵һתͷŴ۾

ںڵ峺һ㣬΢΢ˮ

Ͻ˫۾

ӦʱԼŹա



50 ̽
ۿŹա

ƺЩ,ûƿ˳ϡ

Ĺ,̲סõࡣ

˼İɽ,׵ø룬顣

ſյʱ,յڴ,ѩ׵ĲһöССĺɫӡӡ

Źգѷڹϵÿ

ֱ,³һ

ڻȣٲſգҪɲסˡ

ִ̧򿪳,ƿ³

ߵ˱ߣһ硣

,հ,ؿαϣЩ

̫,Щ,ҲЩ£Ǳʶȴôʱ˿̲Ӧþܾ,ϵֲֵ̽ڡ

Ъ˺þãָһЩ

ʱ߻˵,ؼҡ

ӵʱҪҪԵҹ

ϵĿڹ΢΢͵Ĵ,תͷ,˵Ҵȥ̲衣

ȹջӦ˵㲻øһȥ,ڳϵȾС

Ĺ·Ϻٳѳӿ÷ɿ죬·ֻǷһӾ͵̷·

λͣóڳȻ˳

ƿ̲ĲţϰһһᣬʧջĿ⡣

ôˣ㻹
ϰûƳһۡ

Ϲ˹ȻŮѰҪŮ̲衣

λεҫϰֱۡ

̲ͰŮѴѽҴʲô˼

˼ѽΪҵŮ̫ɰˣҪɫ̡
Ͽڹ̨ߣϰգգ۾

ϰʱҪð̡

תѵ򹤵Ůй̲裬ź򣡡

˵˦ˡ

ϿϰﾹȻߵ۾еѽŮѾϲ̲衣

ûлӦ

ý㣬ҵĲԣ̲ɡ

ϰԶԶش
Сѧ߰˳ɵĹǳգ

ϣ
ŮˣȻˣƢһһ컵

С̲صϣСЦ

ϰ첻̲裬ζòã

սӹ̲裬ڵزܵİװһߵݸգһ˵
ϰ߰˳ɵգӦûԵġ

Źһ̲裬ɫ΢΢һЩϱˣٲ޷ܵζ

ȻС˵ζ񻹲ȻϰﻹһЩࡣ

ţвǿ϶ġϽӿڵ´һϰָ̲衣

ģһ·϶ô˵ɽ飬ϽԼǱ̲ڡ

Ũ̲嵭˿ǻڲĸоϺһ̲̾軹

ղּ˼ڡ

ڳڰغһ̲裬ϺȻôȥҪʼˣ̲裬Цˣؼҡ

ʻ·ڣʣգҴȥȸֳҹڻžŵࡣ

ճĬһᣬǿһ£Ǿܾˣ´ȥɡ

ղڰɽͻȻǸǣȻһЩĻЩңǺһʱ

ܻ᲻ػǸʱ̡

ҲֻпصԼܺһ㡣

ͣ׻ԴõС⣬ռȲƿ˳

Сų

æߵӰͷһλǱ̲軹ԣǴˡ

̲豭˻ΣŻʣ°뱭ӡ

룬ȥ

ղš

̧ԼĴ

̫ˣŻƲסس

ϹһЦ뿪

صӴſͨҾӷɳϣ˫ȸڲ輸ϣﱧֻʳһ߿ŵͷľ飬һɵЦ

ʮһլŮ

ϹţԱߣʵ̲סͣһ¡
ȥܿͳԳһֻ

˵꣬յӵһ

˵Ϊã
ҡҡͷѵ˦һͷ̧׼طϴ

ţ

ͻȻӽסҴɳվڵǰ

۾ϰ졣

ܲ⸱ɵӣһƿ
ҹˡ

㣬ʲôȥˣʵ
˫ֲסϵ·

ʲô̧Լô𣿡

ɣҾ֪¶ƭңӶʱ

ÿôһһէؽţҲе㶥ס΢΢졣

ôʲôҰ˳˳ˮ⣬լȻһ

㡪˵ʲô

һӺڳɫ˫׹⣬ãһʱڿ˵˴ʵ

˿ӸʧһǼҶı˦ţԼ޹˼ɵǰȷʵЩ

˼һ£ͻȻһƣԿƵЦ
ˣӣôװŲ鷳ĵЩƬεĴ󹦳

˵ţϸ˵ӵ֡

ӿ̫ԾӣʱëݺݵضһϵļƤСĵķʣ㣬㻹ðɣʲô̼ˡ

õúܣţΪ˽˴󹦣㷢

˫һ󣿡

Ϸſ֣ͳֻɿĻϵ˼¡

ˣԼɡ

˵꣬Խֱӻطȥˡ

һᣬתȥ輸Լֻ㿪΢ϢȻյϵתʾ

ֵ㿪һ֣ÿӼΪԼۻ

۾顣

üһϾȻλĺ

ӿӶ͹ˡ

̾ŤͷϷķһۡ

Ͻ鵽жãȻһ־͸򰡰



51 Ҳ
ǿӽʱְּн֮,ðذ²ԲȲܴյ

һȻ̫ˣԼҲֶ˼Ƭ,Ȼ֮,˻ͶһǮָо񱻴һ

˷ܵԽԽס,ֻ﷭ͬѧĺ,绰Լ˳ȥһѡ

ôˣȥ,ƽˡ

绰˼£ͱˡ

ͬѧǱߺܳι˺ü,塣

Ӱһ棡ͬѧڵ绰ͷš

ӰѻͲԶһ,ҲŴİ

ͬѧDD,ҲǸյ

ӣ
ͻȻ뱬֡

ôDD,DDɾûطȥ,춼Ǵգ

԰԰ھDD,֣ĵطû᲻𾢡
ͬѧڵ绰ͷԲѵغ

ͷ۵ذŶͷ,

һ,ͬѧ˵,ڵ绰ʣô

ҲӸ˵ȥ,ͻȻͬѧһ

쳣ּܵС

Ŷ䣬ͻĸ߷ֱϮöĤʹˡ

ʲôˣôı𣡡
Ҳܲ˵غ˻ȥ

ֹһᣬͬѧǱƺڸͨŵ绰

ͬѧŻͲټ˵ANDˣAND֮ǰ˵һֱ뿴ǵֳˣոսҪ뿴͸Ͻ

ͬѧ˵꣬һ°ѵ绰ˡ

ANDһ֧ҡֶӣһЩڸưҹ̨ݳ̨л˵Ļӭ

Ӻ˵ǵţһֱһǵֳ

DDɾȻˣô˵ȥһ۰ɣôõĻѵˣôܰװ׷Ź

˷ܵسط䣬ɿػһױ·ͳˡ

ڷԼԼֳĶܳȥѴŹص졣

ûôᣬΪڸշϢ

ϡϴθ˵Ǽ¿ɫ˹ݺܲŶϺȥһô

աϣǣǻо籾һЩϸҪ顣

ϡ㶼ӰôˣæҲҪЪѽû˴һҪʲôʱɣ

ա籾Ѿϸڵȷˡ

ʵ֮ǰͣһڣЩ顣

ϡÿԷһ£ЩСϸڰϰʱһ¾ͺãǼӰ࣬ôúóɻˡ

§ʱ򣬺һθЩͷˣָȻܺá

ĳλ

촽Щ͡

һᣬӦϲӰ࣬һ

ȷϵ֮󣬷ֻڴϷ£һ˯ⶼûС

ղſզզʲôDDɣƺʲôرĻ

°룬ȥմ֡

˯žȳȥ档

DDƺر֣ͣûλˣ϶࿪һ·ڱĵطѰһλ

ȥưɴī̫㣬һֻ֡

ôȾƣȥո֡

ſ߽DDɣȻܶˣܰѶҶعصΧ̨Χһҡӫһ߼С

ֳΧĸֵݳᡣ

ưſڵĴ󺣱ϽܵһƣAND

ƺһҡֶӡ

ȺＷһᣬܵؼΪ̨ĵط

һҡָս̨Ů˷翪ʼ衣

ɫܺãλ㣬쮸쮵ú˳

ţЩϤ

һ׸裬Ų̊ˣһ

˳̨£ȺҵһһСѣ̨ȥ

ڴ󲿷˶̨Χ̨ܰҲûʲôˡ

ڻױղ̨ϵŮϵͷֻ

߹ȥŮվ

þò
һк

Ůתͷ

ϴһֻɫ֣Ůһʱϲģ
ͬʵãλ

̯̯֣¿֣¶һõЦݡ

Ů𾪵סͣͬʱһС

㣡װģô
Ů³

һ¡

ˡ

ʶһλѡ

ʱѧҵţϲϢʱһ֡

Ϻһνͷݵʱʶ֣־ȤͶܿ硣

жʱ䣬Ͼֻһ飬һֶ֧ϣ˶ΪҪ׼ˡ

ϵȽ⣬ֻѧҵΪأûл̫˼ϡ

ΪһЩԭֵַ𣬸ԷչҲкüûˡ

벻ط֡

ôعˣͨӦ𣿡

ģĸǻˣ˵ҵ˶ˣҲôع

ĸĸȽӺԣֵͨ˵û

տʼʱϵ˵òãܸĵһԭǣֻ˵ͨ

ֹЦɴͨ˵ȻǳӦѧôͨصڣڿóˡ

˵ţ뵽һˮ

ŵͨԼӲĳҲŹЦ

Ըˡʼ磬Ҳͨ

ôطüعڷչҵ

ޣǡҡҡͷѾһҳƬ˾ǩ˺ԼθһλʦŵμݳȻмļڣ

¶һЦݣԣҵȻҪú÷һ¡

ЦҪϲ㣬ߵıݻûʼɣʱһҪңȥ

OKֿĵصͷ

Ȼɵķʽ
ָָױ棬ֵ̨

ǹһЦ

ǡָָ棬ֶӵǰʶһѣżȻ͸ֶ档

ңֶӾȥͬĳУ̨ͬͦģҿԸһ棬һ߳衣
Цеؽ͡

ѼֶݳģֶҲųĺܲ

οʵȻԭһ̨ݵľ൱ḻ*ANDֶջ˲ٺ

ָANDֶȥĵС

ǰжֻǳһֶӵ˵Ҫ졣

ΪDDưɲƴ֣˴ǮANDֶ

ϢȻʮָˡ

ܾˡЦһֵļͷҪúúȼ

ϣôûҲ㣬ң㻹Ưˣ
ֳգգۣ·ϿƬһŵƣ޷·ĿλãҲϲ



52 Ķܼ
ϣ,һعҲûá

֣Ǿعչ𣿡

϶һ£ʼ磺ǰɡ

ü˵еǿ

治ʶ˺ü,úŪ

ϸЦĶ,ˣҪַչ𡣡

ǵȻõġЦ츳ر,Ҫ˷ˡ

šϵͷ

ͻȻһҵĻ,Ťͷ˿˵ֶܻͦӭ

ǵġصصͷ,ڱĵطҲкܶǵıݣ,ҲûǶ

˵ţοԼš

һƣ,㶼ǿѲݵ,˵ֻ

ȴһ˵ANDֶӳ,εݳ,ҲǸʦкһ,Ǳ߻ڳﱸУûʲô£档

Ȼ֪,ǸԵһ,Ȼüûлټ,żҲῴֵϢѾŮ֡

ϣѵûع,ˣúþһۣһȥҹ飡

ãҲܸˣANDֶӾǰӣܹϸϲ⣬һʱҲкܶ໰˵

ǽҪǵһ̨ģ׾̨ʣµʱ䶼ϡ

ҪǵǳʰöһȥҹҪ賿

ϣȥ£Ϣˣҿ˳ҹȥϢ

Ҳá룬ϸֶӵҲϤ̫˾һ飬Ҳûʲô˵

жױЦе˵һѳͷСӣ¶һͷĶ̷

Ŀɿڴؿ˴Ĵָ

ѹص̨

ŨױٴһٷףĿˡ

Ҳ㹻Ϥܰϳ

ֹЦϴȥϵŨױŪ·˿

վЦޣˣ·

Ը˵ţĵһ󣬳һˬĶTţп㡣

ϿղŽȻͬ󣬲ɸ̾ױ顣

߰ɡִֵ̧ļһ˳ȥ

һ棬ϵĺɫ֡

һ·ҵԼĳ

ֿĳһڡ

ĳӡ

УЦЦ쭳ָвҪҪԣ

𣿡ִ֣Щܶ겻쭳ˡ

̲סض߿ࣺдҺȶˣʻϾͰѳߣҼҾ˶£ץסӴԺ󣬾ͱ˽ֹˡ

ֿɥ˵꣬ȴ̲סЦ

ǸûססͣĳԿ׽֣Լʻ˽ȥ

ԿųͷǱ̣Сֹĺþûˣϣȷû𣿡

û⣬ҲԱ߿𡣡֣

˵ְһ򿪳Ӷ

ֿĵؽһ

ǳ

˵ţһţѳӿȥ

ҹĽֵžٳˬķӭĿôС

ǹںðϣҺþûôؿˣ

ϵЦЦ

Ƭ·ϤԼɱҪýץס˭Ȳ㣬ο㻹ļգûûǸ⡣

ðɡҰһͣղ뷨ԼҲȥˬһ£ôһ˵ֻܴˡ

ϣ⼸ֻճˣҪúùһѳ񫡣

û⡣ˬذڰ֡

Ϊ˹񫣬ҹҲԣϵĳһȦֿ

ٱʱ򣬻ԼҲҪѳӸ

ϻصԢѾ賿һ㡣

Ǹҹèӣʲôģǣӷʱǿŵģûؼҡ

룬ӷϢؼϢ

ӺܾöûظڴϿһֻҲ˯ˡ

ڶϻҪع˾裬׼ʱ𴲡

û뵽ӾȻҲˡ

϶ſӿһᡣ

Ѿͷͦаϳȥ浽궼Ϣأ绰Ҳûһʵ˵ģ

̵³֣񣬴ţĵ㡣

Խ˵棬ԽС

Ŷ䣬ʣɶ㣿

ĵ㡣ش

һš

ѾͷԽԽҰһҲôΣ㲻֪𣡡

ӣ㣬ҴˣҸĻ𡣡

ȴô򵥷Źʣ˭һ飿

С𣺡ѡ

ϣѣʲôѣǸʲôϵͬѧ

ӲǱˣѧҵԺ󣬳Ƕֵ׼ȷ˵ǳǧġ

ûʲôѣǸżȻ֮ڽطͬѧ

ӵͷøˣӦһ޷˵ʲô

ϱֱۣӰؿſӡ

òָһɣ

͵̧ͷŻŵطϣûУûС

Ϻɵؿһᣬʲô

òǣҪԺʲô£ޡ

ʵʵصͷӦ֪ģԺ󶼲ˣ㣬ġ

ϲÿɷһתһˮһԺꡣ

ŵʱ򣬿Ӻƽʱһڰ·³ڳϳԡ

ֻһƿեĶʲôˡ

Ͽüתˣͳô㣬θˣ

ҡҡͷϼ㻯ױҲܿ

ûθڡ

Ҫʣ˰ɣҲ˵˵㻹СأóԻҪԣԼˡ

ĳ˵Ȼ߿լڼʳƷǿҪʳٳˣ־òģϾԼһĸ׵ġ

㣬ҶʮˣأʱͲࡣ

Ӷȥˣתͷһؾϡ

϶һ£㶮ʲôֽʳֻ㻵壬ֻҪٳԵûõʳУĸóʲôʲôʡţ϶û⣬ֻһңԶľ롣

ϵĻĿⲻϴת

Ҳ֪ôģôݣƫƫóĵطһ㶼ĺõû˵

̲ס̾˱ˣˡ

ôˣϿųһ簦̾أ̲סҪ˵

Ѿ̾ʲôɫŮһױȲ㡣

ӲɫˣСҾû˯ãϾеۡ

ƳһۣҲ˵ѾǶ칫¥ĵͣ

跿Ͱ칫ͬһ¥㣬е㹤ϵҪȥͲһ£ϺͿȴȥ칫ڵ¥㡣

һݣͼվ齻

ϲɰ̾ô͸ôԵǰһ涼ûᣬڲȴĶܼ



53 ƺ
Ե

һ,丽ʱ򣬺ȻýӺЩ֡

Ӵӳ˵ݣԶԶ͵ͷ,ϵı

,֮Ŀһֱſ,Ҳ֪Щʲô

ҪǰǾԲܵ,䶼޲ÿֱʧԶҪԼǰ,ôһֱſӿĿ⼸ճڿˡ

ؿһ£ǰͣ,һܣ簡

ع,һϲ̲Цݡ

š䵭Ӧһ,»صϵļС

Ϲ˹ǣҲͣ,ǰߡ

Դ,һԵظ棬޲ñһ͸ˡ

Ȼһ䡣

¸ڿʵЩ֡

ʲô,ϻǺģһԺҪ,ǻ̲סԶԶ͵,첻һ۶û,ԼǱһ䡣

³

ص跿,ʦûϰѿӶǽǱߣÿʵ¡

Ӽʵڶ㲻ȥˣŶ϶ؽ

ͬѧͨ绰ҲȥDDɣʱЩڳûô࣬ҵͬѧռһȽǰŵλÿANDıݡ

ʱûʽֲ̨±˹ң̨µ˾˷ܵؽ

ֿʼ裬ưĿҲԽԽˣϵʱѾվűߡ

ϳ̨֣ȥˣҲûҿӡ

̨ߺͬѧһ𣬿һANDıݣʱѾˣǴҶܸˣ˭ûǰ뿪ֻصԤԼλϺȾƣؿ˳DJʱδ־ۼϱĵϡ

ҲúܿģͬѧһѺ

ԣȻһִֻļϡ

һȾƵʱ򣬱һȺʱͻȻ˴Щ£ضһ£̧ƿϵֱۡ

ͬʱعͷȥˡ

һʯˡ

˷䡣

Ҳ˵ղŰִϵˣ䡣

ӶʱһͷƤ飬֪Ҫʲô

ȴһЦݵؿſӺǡ

ȻЦе㵭ҲǿһЦݡ

ôɣּˡ

˫ֳſӵα˵

ӵɫЩȻذһ¡

Ҹݡ

Դӱ˵һΣͺųưٴμ䣬ֻͬѧϲ棬ָպϲֳֶݣġ

û뵽䡣

Ӿãʱһֻ겻ɢĹһڲʱ֡

Ժ󣬿ӾͰЩΡ

ͬѧֿ߶˸ˣ˵ͦģˡ

ھưˣȶ˾еˣͬѧӵˣк

ӣǸ˭ѽ

䲻رͬѧεһ䣬ҪӲͷƤ˵˾

ȴһشͬѧѡ

𾪵תͷ䣬ȻЦʮơ

ڿӸеëȻͬʱͬѧ󷽵һ

ԭΪһ߿

û뵽ȻˬشӦˡ

ȻڿӵλԱ

ӣ
ʱ˶ˡ

λһűȽϿĵΣһЩɣе㼷

͸һ顣

벻ΪʲôҪＷƽʱһ޲ԶҪӡ

ԴԺ󣬿Ӿ;ذԼ￿

Ҳ˵ˣƶȣԴţֻͷڹһ

൱죬ϵľƱӵͬѧһȾƣȵͦʹ졣

;Աһƣ˵͡

Ӽֱ͡һԴĪлĲڡ

ػ֮ǰͺˣ˾ͷƷ衣

ÿӱǣƴƵֻӣ֮ǰȵġ

ѾԱˡ

˲֪ڼԺ󣬿ͻȻһ£ߵ̽ͷΣȫŨҵľ

һȡ

Լıӵݸӡ

Ӵۿֻճǳʵıӣһ

ֱۣӰѱӵϡ

ȡضſӣִһҪ±ľơ

ʱΧҲ塣

ȺȺȣ

ӽûôȣⱭˣ

̲סһΧȺƹ͸Ǻһƣȫ˵˭ǵѰ

Χѵ壬ԼֱÿӸеѹɽ

һۣ֣ѱľһȹ⡣

һƣҶתֵۣһ

ӵֱ

ҲٺˣٺȾҪˣ
ѹҧгݵ˵

䶨ؿһᣬúܽǼģӣͼԶ㡣

ȴűȾƣ壬ԽԽ

е㶥סǼҪһȥˡ

˼ƿ䣬һˣȻž˵
ȣǾһؼҡ

ӣ

һκȥƵϢĶ¼ڶȥ¼ų⡣

붼룬ҡҡͷ㣬ˣҪؼҡ

۾øһ㡣

Һˡ

ӣ

䣺ûңزȥ

ӣ

˵ΪʲôҪô࣡

Ҳ֪ҵַ˼һ£ҳһܾɡ

ЦһմžҺĺ촽յӶߣ˵һַ

Ӷʱһ˵顣

𣬶ܾôˣҪѼַͥ

ģ˦ˣ

ʱ򣬿ӵͬѧ˵˰û廰ֹ
ӣѽĺ˺ܶ࣬£Ҳöܰɡ

ӻͷһͬѧ䲻СĲĴ

̵ģһ

ֱӿˡ

ͷߣӲ̣ͬѧ˵Ұ᲻

ͬѧҲеˣãû˺ȵôࡣ

ҡҡλε߹˵Ұȥ

ޱؿʲôʱôˣ

ͬѧʲôʱ򲻺ˣ

ӣ

Ӯˡ

ֻվͬѧһһ߷䣬ĵ߳ưſڡ

ҹưĹ·ϳϡ٣DDҪ򳵵ľƹ࣬вٿճͣ·ߵȿ͡

ӺͬѧŽһ⳵ֱѺ

ͬѧˣȥɣһҪȥǼȴġ

æסͬѧҪɣ˶࣬һꡣ

ͬѧͷģû£ϹģҸǺȹˣƽʱҴݣʱݻæ˵ġ

ӣǡ

ͬѧˣ˻ͦˬģ˼һȥ㿴ֱˡ

ӣ
Ųʲôѣޡ

ͬѧʧDDſڵıӰεת˳⳵ĺ

䱾ſںϵģһ϶ǿ˽ȥ

˾տӱĵַ·ˡ

һᣬȻ

ӿе㵣״Сʣ㻹ðɣ

ְ̧˰ͷʱӹһ䣬ں׵ȡ

ȿԺ󣬷ղűһ£˳㿿Լˡ

ӣ

ӷ䣬Ŭذαȥ

ûȣӻһ£ϵȥ

ҧֱ˾ǲǹʹ

Ҳ˵ƣһ⣬ղŷӾưɳͷ˲پѾûʣˡ

ƿ䣬αЪ

䶯һӣ˼Ҫѹȥ



54 ֵ
̧һ,ش

ˣˣİ᲻

ѹһ·صҴŸ

공Ǯ,źߵ,Աһͨϵҵ,ǷŽȥ,ȻҪȥƵꡣ

һ߷¥һ,Ǹ¾ÿμûʲô¡

ڵǰҡҡ,š

в

ûа취ֻڴ,ֻҳһԿס

ǴԿ׸¥

,һͨǰ,,ʵſӡ

ƿһ룬Ӳؽͣҵ,ҸղԿףûҵ

һ£ַɿȻ,Ҿˡ

Ȼſ,Ťܡ

ܳ,žһ»ϡ

ӣ

վֻܺף°,仹еʶϰһ£ָʹˡ

ƿţ˿ߵĵƹ⣬߽ŵɳϡ

ȻҲҴתܡ

¸һ̣ҪŪʲô

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ϧջûסϵ£Щ鶼ˡ

ӿɥί㣬ûȥ֪ʲô磬ҡֱǲ

꣬ԴͿʼˡ

ǸŮˣǶԿȤˣûµذſӡ

ֱǻ

ͷίӣοû£Ժ㣬֪ʲôʱַ裬˵㹴ˡ

ɫһףصͷ

³һڶȻԼҪѿǲǴˣҪˣһ˰ˣԼһ¾ͺá

ڣȤ鷳

Ҳ֪ʲôʱ£ôͻȻͶɵѾͷȤˡ

ԼҲ࣬ʱ̿ſӣֻܶԼע㡣

òװһϰԼһԷȻؼϴ裬һ赸ȫવģúܡ

Ӱһ죬һ￴ϰ

ոְǻᣬ˵ͦˣʲôҪһ˸˼ҺüɵĻ⼸Ǹǰһ͸ϣ´һ£Ҳûʲôˡ

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һصңæϴϴͷһæȻˬسţѿԸڼ

׻ԴСȹգûãվʹһȹӳˡ

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յͣӳϣΪѩ׵ļȾϼֱ졣

ԶԶͽ³ӻ֡

һۣڼ֮󣬶ʱɢ

ɫ磬ϲ³տţֻڳ

ϳ֮󣬶һЦʱֵˡ

һСС׺һԲӣʮֿɰ

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ע⵽ƺˣӣԵİȫۺá

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գһѣڹʶģعˣ³ʱһ𣿡

ͣһ£䣺㲻ϰߺͱһǾͲˣҲһ١

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̫ϰ߸Ϥ˽

ϣҪǲˣֻһ£ҲʲôҪ顣

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ݸһЦûµģԱ߾ͺãôҲԡ

šӦһ

ϰѳӹո䣬ͷһȥ֡

һֱ˵ҪڵʳһȥÿЩɫ

ڳϴ˵绰֣ӿƵſڵʱѾˡ

ֿɫܳ˵سϻ֡

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ɡ

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ϴӺӾﶼֱܷ׵

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ȻֶԹռ򵥽һ֡

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Ҿ˵ʲôʱʶһλŮԭŮѡ
˵ţһϵļ򣺡Ķ죡

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֣׼ȥһ¿ɫ˹ݣȥԹһΣ滷ζҲͦڵģһȥ

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ϣ̫ˣ㲻֪һع⼸죬ANDǵܣȻȥ˼طûôغúóԹ

һڳеĵʼ磬ǵг̫æˣ·ϣϵ˵طҪʰÿζһЩ߹ͣһûԵڵʳأ

ֱȽϻ룬Ϻ͹նûлӦ£ֽ˵ȥ
ò׻عһˣұҫ˵ʱҪԱйʳҪǳԲһйˣҾͿˣ

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ģֱֵӣ˷ܵطϼҡһ£̫ˣϣҰˣ

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ַӦͷͷԸʻĹֺõЦ
գǳԲһʱڿ죬ҺͰʶܾˣ˵㣬㲻Ҫϡ

ִŨͨһյǸ̲סЦ

գģȽϿţ˵Ҳûţһʶ

šصͷЦЦҲģǰϵĺѣҲҵѡ

͵һؿڣ̾ϣŮ涮£ôɰ鲻Խᰮ

صһڣ֣㻹ǱɣһӲѾˣҪǸСҲᰮ

Сֱ˶䣬׷ʣϣ㻹С
=

治˼ôСʶʶҾһǸܿɰĹ

ϣ

ʵҲʱҪȥ֪͸ðѿӴɢһֵעֵ۾ΧŹմת

ӻ֪͹յĹϵʱ̫һȥԷ

´ٰѿӽֺܸˡ

պõ˲˹·ڸҵطѳͣã˵´һҵСʶ

̫ˣֻһ˳

óīϣǣŹգͷ߽¾ɫ˹ݡ

*÷ԱһŴӣȻ࣬ϴһˣ˼ʶһлʳ

Ա˵ҪһˣʮڵطԤ¼ΪҵһδԤĳ

ΧڷʮӣԱʰһ¶ӣΪȽλӡ

Ϻ͹һߣԼһߡ

Ȳ˵ʱһֱڿա

ڳʱֻܿţ˹յӣǾΪˡ

Ŵͣ̾ΪʲôͻȻıˣ

ձһһէעתͷؿ

Ȼָӣյ֣֣ص˵һΪŻعġ

˵껹ŤͷϣԲԣϡ



55 ס
һ͡

ضסֻ,ֵſ֣ﲻŮѵ֡

ּƺ,æſյ,ЦǸûע,Ǻǡ

հԼջȥ,ѩ׵СҲúͮͮġ

ϲֹһǿԼŮѣе㲻̫ϰߡ

δԹڱǰ

,ȴذֱ۴ڹļϣ̧Цڹ,Ա˵ŮѶֶǺܲòΪҪע㡣

Ц,ĺڵȴû˿Ц⡣

Ȼܺõ,ЩΪȴ̶ԷԽ硣

ֿϵ,һ˲,漴ֱ壬˫ֵõ,Ժעġ

֣̾벻ܷЩ,Ȱٴ,㶼Ӧ

˵,Ȼյһ񣬻ͷһ,ͣһ£˸⡣

ԹЦ˵գҪðˣѽܻӭģڹʱ򣬺ܶŮϲΧת

˻һϯնʱ˼ȡ

ϵĺʱȥͷԼ֣˵

ֶȥ

÷ԱŲͳˡ

ֿһ̱ϲĲȣ˫۷Ź⣬ˮҪˡ

ϼһҧģ˵ϻôҪǲԣٸӣ

ҧ⣬Ц̵ɾ̾óԣ̫ˣ㲻С

ųԵ⣬Ȼֶ˶ĬţӺúõطϣһ

ڲԾԼղŶ˵ʲôȻ󣬺ǺЦŽһ䣺
ձᣬҵ˼˵ϵԵܺãܻӭ˵ϲ

ͣһƺ˼һʵݴʣͷѿڵĽ

ϵЦԼ뵽һĴʡ

Ȼɫˡ

֣ȭͷɭɭ˵ĲãͱǿúóĲˣ˵Ҳû˻ᵱư͡

ӣСǸԲգҵͨ˵ã⡣

˵꣬ͷһͳԡ

Ϻ޺޵عһۣӼһŹ⣬ŵյ˵գ㳢ᣬζڵģӦûϲ

տŹǣҡҡͷûʲôθڡ

סµ֣󣬵˵գ˵ڹⶼæѧϰʱȥŮ档

ʱһֶ֧ӣһҾܾˣģ˵һգҺòãڹûҹˣʵҴӳѧһֱֻװһˡ

һ׵Ľͣѹ˵ɫ糺죬ǱĶ䣬Ǻ

ͷ͵͵ءšһ

ʶһȴĿڷ֡

µ֣˹յ֡

˫ĿרעŲɫڲ͹̲סȥˡ

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һ˵ţһӸһ档

Ҫ֣ԼÿӼвˣȴЩһֻſӣѽ֭ķ͵յߡ

Щ˼סߵķ档

Ͽѷ̵ŷſ֡

ó𣿡΢Ц

šյͷ

ϴߵЦ⹴𣬺һ˵ǾͶԵ㣬̫ˣҪԵ⡣

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Цеؿ۾һ

ҲԡɨҲݡ

ֵʳͣڶιҡιճиӵؽ

뿪͹ݵʱԲĶƤ̾һγԵζôõвͣˬ

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鱾̰;ANDֶӵģҪǣѣԣݳûжΡ

볪ͳ볪Ҳʱߡ

ֻ֮ǰ˵ó׸裬ѾѸ赥źˣڿ쵽ʱʱ˵ƺ̫

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ͷǰͷ·ݺύ֦Ҷ˵
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֣ϵ֡

Щؿ·£ڵ͵Ĺʡ

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˵꣬գˮĴ۶ؿϡ

΢΢򴽣ղֹذԱȥ˵ĻʱʵҲһ㣬ֵ֪Ĺ


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ǡ

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ڻû˵㣬ưδʼӪҵ

ưмԱ豸ԱϵANDֶһλûǣ˸к

ANDֶӵĳԱûôʮǳģѾﳪһǰֳĹԱ졣

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ͬĺɫֻ֣¶һ˫۾

⿴ǵü۾֪ǾɫŮ

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ȻֳˣҲǿֻץʱһ½Ŀ

ӣЦԳˣȥһ˹ݳʽʳһˡ

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ҳԵͣһֱҲԲ£ԣҾڵ״̬϶С

ִԲѵ˵꣬˸ıá


Ȼ֪еӣû뵽Ȼܿӵ̶ֳȡ

ˣѵģǲ׵ġ

̧̫ѨͷһᲹĿ

ȴ˹˵

Ҹһִңһģ

ֲ˵

Ҷͣ˵ɻؿ

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߹ȥȡ¿ֵʱANDֶӵ˶ˡ

ⲻǸͷ͵ĸ̳һסġȸھ԰һ£ֳһ¸裬ֻһսĿﳪһأýתתưˡ

ô벻˵˻



56 һڣȻŶ
ANDֶӽ,ǲ֣ǩһС˾ûרҵİװ,Ҫڸеľưɡҹפ,żܳ

ǵ̨ȽϺãǿ,˵Ļӭ,ԽԽߣҲˮǴߡ

˺ܶݳ,˾ưҹ꣬ҲһЩݺֽڵĻǣǻһЩá

д˾ĸȻвġ

ֵ鲻̫ʵ,ϵĳѲֶ֪Ӹ߳ٱôﳪס

һλֵ̨׸ķ,ֶھưﳪһࡣ

ڰ,ǫСֶ벻ϽĴ񡣡

۾һɣҶʲô,Сӱ׼ʵ,ҪǮ𣿡

һֽۣ㣬Ͼǹ,⡭

ͣһ£һת͵Ͻĵ,,ûȡ

һĺ,˵ֻ̨ʹ׸,ݵġ

⡭űʹĺףؿ֡

֮ǰӡ

ǡεؿϡ

ϳͷˬЦҲճѣİɣҸʶܶˡ

§ֵļͷģ˵Ҿȸֶһϣѡ״ұȽϤĸ裬ݳҲǵĳӡ

ǾȶлϽˡЦֶҪҡֵģ͵ĸ裬֪ʲӦ

԰ǿľҡһԼز廰ǼʶʶȺɵСӡ

AND-ɵС-ֶӣ

ϣ

ȻЩͬANDֶȺˣȻô졣

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Ҫ̫ǿˣҿǲܣǰûϹʱִ̫ˣкõЧɡ
յȰƯ¶һ˿Ǹ⡣

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̨ϵĶܿ׵Ǳߺϡ

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ϿߵԱߵ£һۡ

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˷˵꣬ܿˡ

׸ǱȽϾҡ󲿷˶꣬ǰñȽһף۶ܳʡ

ANDֶӶ׵ҲϤҪϰϸŽĳ

ҡɫֲͬӵҡҪĺظУиɫԽصɫʹκ۳ң߿յɡ졣

һϳҡĹ𺳣ΪġѾõģû뵽ϳҡʱ𾪣һƵģ˲ĸ

鲻ԽΪ

̨ϵϾվţڷ𺳵УŸԽʮĸ衣

ȥƺЩΥ͡

պȻãԼʮ˽ϣˡġܰҡôãֻߣڳһ׽ǿҡ𺳵ĸʱȴ侲·ڳһ˸е裬Ƕʮҡ

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ֱĿⲻɨ̨µĹգƺһ̼䣬ӻУصʵ

ϺȻԹղȻһЦ߸߾֣¡

ĸָ߳ǳüԽˣġ

ͻȻһ̨ͻ䣬Ũҡ˦˫֣Ҳ

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̨ʱֵضԹպ˵ɣҾ˵ģҡǿ

ȷʵͷ͡Ÿ̾

ԱֺۣĿһֱƶ

ɲһֶӳӦҪȻʹˣҲǸҡʲôġ
ƽ

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ֲƳһۣһ𣬵Ҫǹʼ󡣡

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ʱߵԱߣʮ§Źյļ򣬶˵˵ʲôأˡ

ֵ㣬ҪǸһʹˡ

ϸ߸ü⣬ҲΪ˲ҪȻڵ̱ʯֶӡ

̱ʯֶǽȽϳҡֶӣùʴ󽱣Ϊ̱ʯȻҲܴڻӭġ

λع̱ʯֶӸոսڵѲݣһϢʱ䣬ָŴǰʶһλʦڲ빫ݳȻҪǸ˼ҵŶӹġ

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ˣ֡
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Ǹλܲͣһ£ưҪʼӪҵȷҪһֱվﳳ𣿡

һͷ󺹣Ȳ岻ϻֲȻϣ󿴵ưĵʦԱ½λˣһưɿʼӪҵʱǡ

ʵҲûʲôóˣȻϵôؾܾ飬ֶӣǣôȥҲڲͬ˲ͬķչؼǰ鲻š

ϾϵȷʵвѵĿԡ

ҳԴͣҲſԭ㡣ֱŤ˵

ǻʲôʱˡЦ̧֡

òװȰͣˣҲһ

һﲻ

ưɵĿ˿ʼ½ת̨ĻױǰҪҳһ׺ʵķװ

ִӸﱧһѶǾưǰٰʣķεߡ

·ҳġ

͹һ·﷭Ұ죬ûʺϣЩյüͷ

ѽưôһ·ûУЩʲôƷϡ

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ưɵ̨Ƚһ㣬̫ţܶݼαǴűװ̨ˡ

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һѵ·ûϵ˳ۡ

Ȼ·УǾһ±Ķװһ¡

ļٷ߽䱧һֻСֽ

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бӵģж̷ģгġ

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Ѽٷãȥ˸ˣֱͷŵСӣЩıӻòͬɫӰţͷ׵ģɫ

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ţ

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ģݵͣפת˲ųߡ

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˿վߵĹգѩ׵Ʈϼʡ

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Сɷ۵ĴӨûʲôܱ˫á

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Ϊױشŵĵݣ־ԼӦֻǡ
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ﶫϹĵʱʱѾȥܾˡ

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ǱȻһ㣬շɿ˻ȥֳ̧εĿŻŵվá

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Ҫֿŵ̨ױŲɣοĻױƷôá

еͷ󣬲ʼԼϵ̨ǲǴˣ

վȻҲԱ߰ǻϵƤܺãôױÿ

֣
Ǻòÿ

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תͷĴߵһߵϣһ˼ˮĴī

ţ
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ֿһԵֵӣԼֱϹġ

Ů˴û

ĹԱȥ̨׼ʱִһҳֻͿŵĽָ׵Լ˫ϡ

ʮ㣬DDưΪ

ANDֶDDưפϢ𺳵ֳݣѴȥܶռλӣΪ˿һANDֶӵֳݡ

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ˣǵסĿˡ

ְѹմ̨һƫǴѷһЩߣһֻйԱЪϢ

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գϯǱ̫ˣһ£￴һᰢ̨ʱ򣬻ܿġ

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šյͷҾͺܺá

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ּСҲ˵ư˶ิӣûֵطùգɲҴˣȻܰͷƤˡ

ʮ㣬׼ʱ

ϳ˿˵仰ůůȻһ״ұȽϲĸ裬ֳմ󣬲Ų̋

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һ̨ϯһƬҵĻ

𣬹ϯһͰǧסˡ

ʸеɤϤذѸʳĺɤӣѾĸݳЧԭȴֱԭ༸ָе

ϵܹ㣬ڸĸ֣߳Խ߿ڻ𺳵ҡ˵鶯峺ġ

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ǸСŮȥϹϵʮܣϵΪѰζ

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ϳͷת˵ãһٻȥҹ

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תߵصͷŲԼ֡

ȥ̧°ͣѹαϣȥ

һûдŵĵԣ׵ø룬֪سԡ

ֱңյĴҲú˿˿Һ塣



57 С
ϹһЦ,̧ϵðȫȻ󷢶ӣһؿ·

Ͼֱѳӿ׻Դõĵͣ,ѹ͵ǰ,ۿȥˣ뿪

ȥưǰ,Ȼһ˹Ԣ,ѿӽг

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ڳ,ԶԶDDưɵſڣ,ʲô

˾ưſֲȥ,˵ˣDDưӦòǳҹĵطɡ

ȸˡ

еڼʻ,ų,ָһֱ֪ͣʲô

ӰԵ̽ͷȥ,һģش˸

ԴԼΪĴεرϺһͨ䣬Ҳûӿȥϵ˽¡

ĥǲǸȵеϵ,ͼʻű

һһͷ̷Ů˽

Ӻشһ,ҡҡͷ,ⲻϲ͡

͸˻ĥ졣

һϳʹֵ˵,û۽ɨںϵĿӡ

ףС˭ѽ

зӦˣӣһ߿һ߼̵ؽܣҵСӣ˵Ҫܸʶġ

ָ˵ؽһҾ˵СһǸɰĹȻϣ

ӣ

λ㣬е㡭ǲе飿

һ仰ȴ뷨һٰʮת䡣

ϣӣλڹʶ˺ܶѣˣȥDDưɿANDֶӵıӦ衣

ӵʱ˶䣺ʲôANDֶӣ

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ϻû˵־ͽӿڣѽҲҳ𣿡

ţӼһصͷ㳪ܺҺѶ㳪ñõ㣬Ǹио֣

䴽ЦЦתͷϵСĿɰ

˳ҹĵطһֱּ˵ͣ

Ͽȥش㻹ҪҪԣ

ͣһĶûʼԡ

һۣ˼ôס

˵ְ꣬οӣ϶˭ף⣬أͳǸСŮѣ˼ҵرᡣ

ڳԶ̧ͷһۣ֣ʲôʱܸĸģ˳Զٷʲôܶزס

ͷȻŵЦɣˣӣŮû

Ůѣһ𾪣㣬Ůˣ

ϣ

ָϽͷרĵذĶߣӲװû

㣬ʲôʱŮˣ˭ѽʶ𣿡

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û뵽ϵŮѾȻǲ˵ܣӶ֪ɸеѹɽ

ϧӲˣȻϴ˿ϵɫѹȸУǲؼ˵

㣬̫˼ˣʲô˵ԼأŮѶңҺô澭أǰҴкԺʲô£һܸڻǸ𣡡

ߺߵؿϣԹ۸СϱƵġ

ϱţе㲻ڣʼ˼ԼǲǶԿ˵㣬ңҲ̫

͹շչñȽ˳Ǳʶȴʶյ֪ģڹ˾ֻ֪˪Ĺܣȴ֪˽µʵ顣

̫ƻǰŬӪĸ󣬸ʶյ֪ǵĹʵһ㶼䣬ر𴿣ر۸

ţ֪뵽ϣȥʶһ´

عԿӽ͵ҸǸϵûȶȶٸ˵ǸҽԣȳԶ

˵ţ庢һĿӵĺ󱳣ҪˣԺһ֪

ԱţĬĬط˸ۡ

˶ˣۿģ˵ʲôɲɵģŮ˵죬ǲš

ӲصͷϾûۿ֪ǵʲôҲ˵ʲô

ֱҪ˵ȴϺݺݵصš

֣Ҫҵǰ˵ڣǰ飬򣬱ҷˡ

ڹǰ˵ЩʱϾͺ޲ȥ

ֿ񣬽ϵƤЦڨڨӦ

֪ˣԺ󶼲˵˰ɡ

Ĭһᣬ˿ԱߵͷԶĿӣ̲סȷһʣ
ϣǰһֱҪ飬ķ𣿡

ûС

ƶĻشĵ׺һɺ⡣

ʶԼòƴĵˡ

æͷһ˵Ժ󣬾Բ˵֡

϶һᣬջߡ

סӦҵġ

һһæصͷ

˵˰죬һͷˮһ䶼̧ͷ
ֽ㣬㲻Ҫˡ

ֵע»صϣһӶ͹ˡ

һտȻÿ˴룬ֻʣһճӵһǡ

ϳһֽŵزͣһۡ

ϻ̫࣬ûʲôô

֣

벻ӿȥͦɰͦʵģȻǸصĳԻʧˡ

һڴѾõҹˣֺûԡ

鸴ӵ齾Ƶſ³뿪ǰϣ
죬ȥ𣿡

ü顣

˵꣬𳵴ԥؿˡ

ȥ·ϣӼظҪANDֶӺֵǩգϴӦ˵ãŮѵ鶼һȥ

ڶǺһԣϾԶҪԾֻ֮꣬ǣһΣѹմȥ

ɲɣҪȥһƻᣬûʱȥμǵ˽¾ۻᡣ

ϣϴſһֺANDֶһԷ

ϯ䣬˷ܵ˾ǿӡ

żһмֵָöǲԼʲôˡ

һٷԵ˵࣬ҪȥӹգǶȥDDưɡ

ҪҪ̨ףڰ˵ȥˡ

ư̫ˣܴȥֵط̫á

ҽղμƻҲˣȥֳֵĵط

ֱٰƻĵطûãվͳˡ

ǰǴкԶԶؿϵĳŷĵĻȥ

û˵ԼϵĹϵ֪ôģϲǵһȥƻҲ߲ˡ

ֻÿᵽϣվͻֹᷢǵùֵֹģʲôƵġ

ǣҲ֪ôͣΪǴûʹϵĹϵңŸտʼ̸˶飬Ϲϵ

ҪСദһʱգȵѾʱ򣬲Żߵѳϡ

մȹڿĳȹʻ˺ϡ

ǰ濪ʱ̲סͷ˵żۡ

գԱҪҪȥԵ㶫

ʶҡͷ룬ûôԶ

һ£ʵûԱ

ϹĴߣһЦ

ҽҲûԱһȥԣʲôȸֵСԣȥ߲¥

ҵȹӡ̫㡣մͷ˳̤Ŀȹ

˻ᴩʽȹȥϳҹɡ

룬飺ǾȥȸЩСԣȥ԰ɡ

ȸΪʳн֣˴ʲô·ĶУġCOSġģַУմȹҲ

ȸֵĽֵŵƽʣӰ֯һ˼䷱ֺ

պϲֵ·й䣬еСԼʱ顣

·˴Ҵ߹Ӱǣ˵֣ůůĸо

ǴͬĺڿڽȻעĿȴҲ˲Ҫɧš

ʱ仹磬еعһᣬ򵽼Сԡ

ϿĶûкȵĶ˵Ҵȥ̲ɣЩڿʡ

šյͷøеˡ

ٵ̷·ʱϰѳͣ·ߣùڳȡ

ôϰʢװģˮһأҪֶŵġ

һ˽̲꣬ϰ黹ָ̲衣

Ϊѧˣϴ̼һ˵ϲ̲裬Ļŭţ̲ϴߡ

ŮˣͶСú塣

̲һ߹С·ţ̲˻Ρ

ϰ̲衣

տĵؽӹóԼǱȺһڡ

ǿʻˡ

ˣ֮ǰӦȥ̲ģôöûȹ

պһ̲ҡҡͷ

ûϵ̲ȥ˵ںҲһھƻҲһϡ

ľƻ᲻ǺʽЩǹǴȵģԼֻһоá

Ͽ״̬֪ӦûȶپƣЦ
ǻͦãܰ㵲ơ

šյͷһֱġ

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ş̌ͷȥ־ƻҪע⣬ܶȣߡ

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ϣľܺ𣿡պʣԼһھƻϵʱ򣬺ֻһˣԼҪʤ

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ҵľ㲻ǺܺãҲһ

Ϸʵɵ˵ǴھƻǰѾȹˡ

İɣ㵲ƻûġ

ڹյĶϰһڣŰѳӿ̷·

ӿ׻Դõĵͣ˸ݼĳλͣó

պȻʣϣҪȥҼ𣿡

ɲ̧ͷڻ谵ĳڷ·˸޵Ĺ

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ðǾʹˡ
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һռңθһŤ˽ŵĹջؼȴǲһġ

ڵ¥ָܰⴥű㿪ˡ

մĵƣЦ

ˣ

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΢ֽȥҹ

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ӡ㣬ȥˣʧһˣۣҸ˵ݳܰŶȫڣ

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ӡֽҲҺգҺøˣһ

ϡš

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ܶʱ򣬰Ժĳ˦һ崿СŮ

ϹһĨЦݣܵǰʱǣ¡

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ա

ţתͷͷ˵ľܽ

ܸܵϺϢطϵļ·𶼱С

岻֪رҶ



58 
סϸ,ҧס˫ɫĴꡣ

΢΢һ,,ذ

žĿûκδ,ҲõĻᱻֱ͵ġ

׵øͶЩ,֪ؿɳϣȵǽش˫Ƶ°͡ϡ

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Ͽú

ϻͣ,΢ӣ

ѩ׵̺һƬ,ӵӸ

ʪӴżְϡ

һͿ

Ķӡһ,

ֻԾץ,һ

С˵Բ,һû׼

ϱҲûеһֻǸղЩˡ

¾ŵ,οûϵ÷ϣҲûôࡣ

δ˵,Ĭһᡣ

Ϊ˱ն,ʱվҪߡ

Ҳ,ſڣʱ,յ˵ϣ㲻ɣ

һ£ӦͷôأҲż㲻Ҫ룬ԡ

˵꣬ͷſЦ˵

ЩأҲһ

ϴ׻Դõͣ뿪ʱѾʮһࡣ

绰ӣǻڳҹ

˵ַҲȥˡ

ԶԶٸֻ˻ӡ

ͦæһˡ

ֲ̲˵⡣

ȴԱߵĿϷſӸյһ衣

豭һ꣬³һ

һţкϽ㣬ô˶Եòˡ

ЦЦҲȱ裬һᡣ

㣬ĲҪҪˣ

ԱߵĿɵ㶵ʵ

ϰڰ֣治ãһš

ַ˸ۣÿʱɵÿɰϷȥŮһϣʲôˣš

Ҷͦˣû˺ȾƣԵҹһɢˡ

ڶ죬ع˾ʱ򣬿ӰANDֶӺֵǩûȥ칫Ľҫ

˶ֵ¸ɻģȦеķ򶼱ȽУȽңԶʱ֮ӰҶǱߵȦҲע

ĽشһЩǩգϳ֡

̱ʯŮ𣡡

̱ʯֶڵһģ˾Ҳֶ֪ӡ

һ˵ϰٶƬȻƬһģһ

ʱ칫

Ͼ̱ʯĺANDֶǿˣǹʼҡֶӡ

ôҵģ

ʲôʱ˹ڣһû

ӿ˵ǲʶ

һȺ˽ΧһҪƹӡ

ϾӺźգȽܣ§ſӵĲӣأžͷָ

Ҫ˵һ·ķ˿գ

Ӵûƣ޲طǶסѹָANDֶӵĳԱһݳ˵˳

ANDֶҲͦ󣬾ֶܲӣڸưҹ̨ܹڻӭDDɱݵ£ȫǽ֪

ڣDDſѾʼƱûǰ볡ȯ˸˾ưɡ

ˣÿϻкܶ˷ӵ

ΪANDֶαŮ֣ڶصɤ͹˵ʵҲǹΪ

ϣкֵܶݳƵϵҲУľԶеƹⲻƵĻʱȽģֻһƬĺȲУԼһָ

ҲὫǸŮָ̱ʯŮϵһ顣

ңֵ̨ʱͿĨһױԼϲԼˣ˵ЩĹڡ

ҲǿӣΪϵĹϵˣõĺա

Ƭϵ֣ûŨױڸǣ֪һ۾ϳ

ִý˾ְԱȻԼСȦӣýѣ֮ǰ̱ʯֶŮDDɱݵϢѾȫǡ

ϣDDɵ볡ȯһǧࡣ

Ϊ˵ֺANDֶȴ֪£Ϣӿй¶ȥԼҲû뵽˾Ⱥô󣬾Ȼܰ*´ôҶ֪ˡ

жңǿ֪ģΪʼٸߣȴûֳĿ÷˿ĳ档

һӦ꣬Ҫһȥ칫˶Լ鲻²֪ôľ䵽˿ͷϡ

վ跿ſڣ׼뿪ĿӶסʱ򣬿Ӽֱһͷ

ңҲ̫㡭ŲӣЩ͡

Ϊ˽ڹ˾λȻǲһģдСúһ㣬ӾٴǰҲ֪ҪСĽβˡ

ʱĿؿƽطʣνĲ㣬ȥDD죿

Ӷʱɻô֪ˣ

ҲƽʱզզģֻСĵЦ

ȥ졭Ǻ͸Լˡ

µ˵ţȴִ̧ϡ

°˽ʱĻŲҪһ㱨ֻǡ

˵ǰԼϣʱ˫۷ҪϲԱĻ滹һء

ֻǣܲμӦڹϵӦ׹˾Ĺء

ǣ칫ﻹкܶˡӲĵ˵

Լȥưɣ˶бҪ顣

˵꣬Ըȥ칫ҴȻͲŸ߸Ьһһ뿪ˡ

һߺˮһߴ跿һ۱㿴ֻͷһűߡ

ôˡһѣɢشԱ߹

һع嵽ǰ׽ϵֱۣؽҡ˼¡

㣬Ⱦң

ϸѵۣͻȻôҡ£ֱҪΡ

ͣͣϴסʲô²ܺú˵𣡡

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㣡Ǻ𣺡Ҳ뿪㣡

һƤˣ֡

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ȻͲЩˣԼһأƾʲôҪܱЩĹ顣

һ͵ص·𲻸š

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Ķͷ˾ѵ㻹

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ӴӺ׷Ͻɵؽ˵ݣ˦ˡ

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ʳׯһ䣬ǱߵʳĶԼֳģʽȥĲˡ
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šյͷתͷ˿أһȥ𣿡

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ϼ˵䴽ЦЦ

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ҡҡͷ٣˹ϵһЩżȥ°Ժûм档

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䣬Ȼǿǣ˽⣬˽е㣬еͷ㻹ǾҪȥ档

Ͽ˹һۣʺ㡣

յͷ֪Ҳûңƽʱѹ̫ˣҪʶȷһ¡

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˼ֱǱﲻһ˵һ¹޶Ϊ

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˼򵥣׽˸ǲ̫ɣˣ̲סһ¡

˽ҲùտʵĿΪãպƭ˻֪顣

ϣ֮ÿ˶Լ˽ûЩ飬Բ֪ڵ˶ܸӡ

ȴؿʣϣҲЩ𣿡

һϣҧԼͷ

ûûУȻܡѿھ͵ֻǣǰѳȥ棬Щ飬˽⡣

ղղֻ˳ϵĻһʡ

һСĵġ˵

šϵͷٴγĬȥ

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ָһȺһϲȥŹֱʳׯ

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ķӳǱߴζյȹڡ

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չβָ΢΢Ͽ

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59 
վе,ͷϵļϣ

紵ĳĲڰϼ,׵÷⡣

ʱ,պÿǿһı

ԶԶȥᡣ

,ڷſվ

ձ,վֱӣһͷȥ

ʱ,·ķԱŴADNֶһ߽

ǺþˣǣŹ߹ȥЦ˵յȵĶ˯ˡ

,̧ͷһۣЩ΢,Ũصϼ,ԡ

ϲĿ⣬ͷЦһ¡

˺гĻ,ֿһ

,˵ʲôͻȻϵľ,ֱ͡

ӣ϶ŮȷǶĵģֻ,ϼҲǳ,ͻȻع,ҪʲôǣҲһЩƵԵɡ

ǰʶ,ʱֵĸزסԺĸҪչĸףڹ̣ܽҲΪ׵Ĳصծ

ȴ׺ѧҹڽֱС

һżȻĻᣬһȺڽֱߵˣҲϲ裬Ƕ˵ܲȺиŮż򵥵Tţп㣬һɫѼñഺѵϢ

ֲվһ߿ǵıݣ˺ܾãȻһֻ

ǸƯŮ᲻ᳪ裬ߵ˷ǰ档

ϵĹ³һᣬ˵ɤӺܺãʺϳҡ

ǻϳ˼׸裬ʮͶ

ǴԺǼϵʽϸʱ򣬾һ

ּ֪һǰȥֵĸĸծ񣬻ֵĸ֧ҽҩѡ

һʲСĿͨͥҪܶһӲܻ塣

ֻһŮѧȴ۶գһ£óôһǮ

ʶϵļԼȫͬġ

ϰļͥȰԶЩջ켣ͷβļһԴ·

ڸѡ˲ͬķչ˽нԶδϵ

ԶǸҪˣϽҪʲôվߡ

Ҫæĵط϶岻ݴǵģﲻæҲϵĺȡ

ϵ˽⣬ϵĵ

һֱ֪飬ȻΪܡ

ʱ꣬Ҳ֪ߵһ

ʱϵһʢ԰ˣҳԵúܿģҲһççײײҿЦֻż˵˴ŵЦ

ϯգ죬ҲſһЩԵúܾˡ

յԸƢѵһĺãֳƯɰ־ʮְ䡣

֪ԺҪУλɰŮֻᱻڷʲôλϡ

һʮִŵˣŵ㣬Ҳȱ㡣

ֻϣҪΪ˴ﵽĿģԼڲѵ顣

󣬴ֱȥDDɣãֺϳҲϲϳ裬С˿һ˷ܵڴϵıݡ

ǽDDɵķΧƺ̫һĿ˱ӿȡ

ں̨Ҳ˵ˣ볡ȯۡ

ȾݳĻţƱ

Ϻܲһ˿̫Ѱζ

Ϊ˽ʱ˺һ̨ϳľ

ǣŹգվ̨ԱߵСһ̨µһ߿̨ϵıݡ

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̨ϵҲһ¡

һᣬ̨µĺȥʼ

ֳָ

߿ߣһ׸質Խ

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ΪײգҪȴ뿪

֮ǰҪѾưɵĹԱð

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ҵ̨ĹԱһֳҪǼǿԱȷֵİȫҪֳʲô⣬ʦš

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ںվһᣬ½ٸߴ׳̨Ավʱ׼Ӧͻ״

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ִʱҲΪ˸ˣȻ϶ô˵ˣҲûʲôþģֻЩźԼûҪʱߡ

ҪҪҰæ飬һҪ˵֣ص

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˵̧ͣͷؿ



60 
Цһ,ͷµסߡ

šյͷ򴽣Щߡ

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˿һЩ,䴽ղ˵ѵ˰ɡ

Ͻղ̸۵ݣ½״̬,ĸ籾Ӧ

뿪հ칫ҵʱ˶,Ѿʱ,Ҷȥ緹

ӿű߲Զһϵ,˵ڳ,ȥԷˡ

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ڵ﷢Ϣա

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ӣģܵĲŻǰѾ֤ʵˣľ飬ƽƣŴϡ

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ǸŮ˾ȻԼˣҲȵ

ֱ̫ɶˣղŲ˵һܺѩİõ˭˭ˣ

֪ϲȣɴڷﴵſյƵسһٲߡ

ܺùŲͺУ·ɵվ

̫ɹʮӣϳ⳵صȴϲڡ

ڹϵľˡϵͬѵĵ壬ӷһϢϡ

ӡ㣬ȥˣ𵽴һΣСĹ͵ġ

ûϢ

һֱϣӶûϡ

緹ʱ˵˰ѩƣȥתһȦ

س̵ʱ򣬽һ绰

ݴԽ绰

ϴ߶׼ˣʲôʱʼɻһͨӵ绰ﴫ

ǻˣȥѧȻϵĹ˾ְ˽ϰͨ

ϳĬؿһ·ٴڵ绰ΪźŲãʱ˵ˡ

Կʼˡ

ޣ̫ˣŶ׼꣬еϱˣ͵仰
ڵ绰Ｄ˵

ϼƻУҪѹ˾Ӫŵᵽڿһشľٴ룬ΪĹ˾Ӫһ鱦ƷR&L

RoseandLove

ƷĸִʮķչչҵгƷƵλ

ڵR&Lһĸ߶鱦ƷƣĸʱлУƷƵΣǶһR&LϯʦƵζе

εļ۸ȴͳݳƷƻҪ

лķֹ˾ҪȽϳʱ䣬ǰ룬յ֪ͨ˵ȥˣҼƻͷɹȥ

ڵ绰ͷͷǵػ㱨ڵĹչ

кܶҪҪǰһЩϵҪʵزȵӲµַĺͬޣ̫ˣϴҾͿʼͷʹˡ

ЦһֲһæЩ£ԺҼ˸֡

ϵĻԸаοϴ˵һҪҶҼˣȻû취ô̵ʱڰµ꿪

ãû⣬ʱԣ˭˭ǹ˾ĴڹҲ㲻ģʱӦûкܶȥӦƸ

Ǻǡڵ绰ͷЦϴл㲻ǰϴˣһ֮£֮ϡ

ϣ㣬϶㣬Ժл͹ܣвУ

һְƣԺҾR&LлܲˣϴҪҼӹʰһܹлҵӪŵгģ

ϣúúãCEOʲôĹʣҲԺ͸ᡣ

̫ˣ˷ܵ⻹һЩҪ㱨ģܲ¼ָҪLCOԶƵĶ˿ļ۸رãҵ񲿵˾ˡ

˵˵ţ͵ȥ

̾˿üģѶҪͿ˵ϲϢʱһ¡

õģʮ˵꣬ϵ绰

ûãϵĹյһʼ˸ղᵽ¶иĴϣҪѹ

ϺȻеȼٰʽˣҪʼҹߵæµ

LCO鱦ʦʮǰʦŻ磬һˣɨʱƴͷԹ˵ĲŻ춨䲻ɺĵλ

ϵĸLCOR&L˾һʼȫһ֧ţϹȥǱߣ˲˼߼λҵľЩ˼룬˾Žģһ¥

R&LƳƷ󲿷ֶЩƴʦƷLCOÿֻһЩƵӣżƳһƷһжһա

ǰĸȥLCOͷиϡ

һֱܵ͵ӲýɷãҲκι֪ϢԽLCOһϢϡ

ϳѧĸأȥְֵؽƣѧһһؽ˾һнϵϡ

LCOԽ̵ΨһˣĹƲŻϿɣһϵзչӡ֤һС

R&LÿLCOĶƵЩӶᱻݵϡ

ȥרһʼǱԣһ价Ŀȵһ磬ŰѴ󲿷Ҫʼֱ꣬ߵĿȶ

ҹĻʹнֵɫĽֵƣıʼǱ߳ȵ꣬ŲЩ鸡

һʱûͻȻһӿʮ⼱账ʼÿһдİϣҲͷۻתĴԶˡ

ϰϰ̷·̲

Լζ

һ翧ȣˣҲֻйʱŻȡ

ֻмδϢһȻǹշġ

ȵ㿪յĶԻ

աҪһԷ

ϢСʱǰģѾ˵㣬ʱ䡣

ϡǸղЩ£ûע⿴ֻԹ

յϢܿظ

աˣأ

ϡҲˣһ̲裿

աá

ϰѱʼǱŵϣȥ׻Դýӹա

߳ŵʱ򣬿һֳڷϣüġ

ϣﲻ𣿡

̧ͷɫԵñƽʱһЩ

û£ûϢãЩۡοַŵյͷϣ¡

кúó𣿡

аյͷûԺá
մϵɫѿڵ

Ĭһ˲
еæ˵㡣

ǾûкúóԡŴۣһضԲԲ͡

úóǲеŶôݣˡ

ֳϵ֮ǰ˵ԼúóԷĻȫ

϶Źôɰһ취ûУֻ˳Ļ˵

˵öԣûкúóǣԸȥҹ𣿡

Ȼԡ

Ц۾ڷſƤջ֡

εЦˣһߴŷ̿·һʹա

ҹ

Դ룬ҡҡͷ

Ҳ֪ÿζȥġ

ûоļرóԵģĵʡ

ҾöóԡЦеģֻɰȵӡ

Ͽ;úʳ

˴ȥһꡣ

šûϴȥĵ꣬ܺóԡ

ȥһС治󣬵װ޵ţʣеһ俧ȵꡣ

ʱûʲôˣǲӪҵ

ṩʽͣиƷģв˻ҹ

йϲƷģ֪ϲȻҵλԺԱĲ˵ʱ˫۷

ϵһţǲͣĶǸʽƷ͵ġ

Щÿһ̵ķ٣ն㼸ϲĶζ

ȵԱϲ͵ʱ򣬿ŰƷģЩɵۡ

ôô࡭һ¿ˮԼζԲЩ

ûϵζͺãʣµĴȥӣǸθٶܳԵ¡һü˵

գǡðɡ
ҲֻˣΪĳԲꡣ

ƷУҲֹ̲裬յһ̲裬ԼҪһ֭

ճһֻ͵Ľ˹⣬һŨĽ˹ȥҧһƬƲʣǻĿڸУʮζ

ճԵüĿչ죬żһ̲裬зζ

̲ҲܲŶȻϰĿڸвһ㣬żԵĵʱҲԺһ
˵

Ͽһ׼Իģ;úЦ

ɰ̾ʳ˼̻СŮҲ·ΪһöСԻ

ճƷʱ̧۴һϣڳԶʱǸ߸𣬷·͵͵Цš

պȻЦЩζ벻ʲô¡

Цʲô
洮һ鵰⣬˫տȻʡ

ͣţǵĶЩȻؿ
Ц𣿡

Цˡصͷ

ϣǸΪĶ̫óˣá

գ𣿡
ôŲ̫

ϣġȻˣҪΪ飬ûߣʲôûζ

ϺȻſھһ黰ѹסˣ̫Ȼֱӣͷ̵ҧϵĵ⡣

̲סЦ

̧һۣЩߵŤͷ

ţȻ̲ôúȣҲһˡְԶķԱһ̲衣



ϺͷԱͬʱͻȻĹա

һЦ¸

΢΢죬ͷѱʣµһ̲ȵ

͸ĲرӣɫĴ䣬շת˵Ĺ

ϺȻһ¿ˮ

ٿڵʱɤЩƣգôСǺš

ţշ±ӣŵᰴ¡

պеʡղͲŽ˵仰

Ҳ̲סҲ˵еʡ

԰ɣ̲豭ӱȽС̲һôࡣ

ճʳƺܺãҲˣһһϵزͣ˵š

Ĵ˺

ϴԼǰյţӣҪ˵

Ա̲衣

˫۷ӹ̲裬һߺȣһߴϡ

㲻ǿζġ

ϿŹպڱϵӣ΢΢һЦ

õġ

ӣһб㴼̲赹һĿתŹա

·𣬸ͬһ̲Ƶġ

ˮīɫֱͷĶкٲһ㻪

ŵ쾱¶

ղСĿһۣЩ͡

֪ôñ̲裬ԽԽʡ

̲豭򴽱ߵ֭Һ

˵ұˡ

Ҳ±ӣѷԱˡ

ؽΣӲ·ؽ·

׻Դڵθ˴С

ǻصϣӣ򿪿յסȫ֣˫ѹڹյĴϣƵα

Щʪȣ˫̣·ѹõ۽Ҫʯ·ӿһзմ

ձθЩ׾һӦ

ʮ־ϲ

·ܵһ㣬ǵø롣



61 ӡ
,ڵĿյϵֿʼֵطŵյϡ

ȴһ㣬ûֹ

˺ܾ,ֿʱ,յŦۼȫ⿪

Сɵӣúˮ΢΢ſ,Ŵ

ϰƵ·,һһŵۺá

ָʮֹ̣żС΢ļ,񴥵һ㡣

Ŧۣ˺ܳʱȫۺá

һ·Ĭػص׻Դõͣ

ȥȵݣСĿվһöӡ,ѩ׵ļ÷һš

Ŀ⣬ͣ谵Ĺ,һ̶

,бҪһ¹ա

㣬,ʱ,һ¡ָ̧֣Լľ,Ƶ˵

տĶɫ΢죬ѧĶ,ԼĲӡ

ʱ򿪡

ȥ,϶ЦЦ



Ӧһ,ڵżǰ߽ȥ

Ĺ,ɫĵϿԼӰӡ

ҵϷһöĺɫӡӡ

޴Ŀ

ڶգڹ˾ոۼطֹմһɫöӡȵظס

ڹߵûͣ

ϽҲкܶҪæ׼˺ܾõרҪʼ¼ƣ¼רҪȥǰʱǩµĽսĿ

ֽĿһн㣬ҪϵķɻȥŻмա

Ŀֿ㣬ĿαһιȥҪϤ˽һ̣Ӱʦ˳һЩСƵΪԺĿزġ

ϼֽĿϢǰոչ˿ʮڴı֣΢תư

ɻϳһANDֶDDưݳƬʮƬֵġԼϴ˼ٷį̄ϳƬ

պANDֶDDһݳӵܸߣкܶķ˿ظԡ

һظ¥һճ˽գANDֶӳԱҹĵƬڳ˻֡ϺͿӡ

Ƭж̨ŨױһͷѵĶ̷ʮۣ˿һ۾ϳ

һߣīˣҿ·ܲ³һŮ֡

ɫر𣬳СƵ¼ЧǺܺãֱܷ˾޵ĸ

¥ĻظԽԽ࣬ҷ׷׷ǿͳǿǳʵݡ

ϾֶˣٶһҲûʲôϡġ

οϳֻҪЩ

еķ˿ϲĽDDɵˣ׷׼ⳡз

Ȼһظзһ֮ǰ¼ʳĿ·ա

мα㣬иˮĿӡ

һԱȾͰϳˡ

ҳ˿ӣȻͻע⵽ߵϡ

˵ⲻϵ

ȻҰƬŴŷŴƬԱȣֺANDֶһҹīŮ˾Ȼϡ

ͷ־ԵĺڳֱϣԼճ˽񶼲࣬һذ׵Ķ£һţп߿ɳ㡣

ϸͷͨз˵ķ飬ȦҲûŮֺģָϡ

ûе˵ȷϣҲȷ⣬һŮ־ϡ

һʱ䣬ϵĸԻ·˷۶׷ˡ

ϵġġ֪ţϣǸҡر˭벻ϾȻᳪҡôãһڱ׼Ӣķ߿ߣκһλ

˿𾪹󣬽һħĿϲ

׷ܵϵ΢ǶֵĹٲֽĿĹٲԣҪϺúóһҡùٷϽš

ϸҹһУ»һƣȥ˾ƵϢûϢ

ȥĿֳִָҿе㲻Ծ

˵˷ܻǾ棬Ǿеʡ

ߵ˷е⣬߻ħƵģƾ״̬ҲѹֿôߵĽƽĿ

Ҳе㲻״̬ʱʱطżֻ΢ţʲôû

˵˳ضе£һʱ㲻嵽ûǰ˽Ŀ񣬻ֳʲôµİš

룬Ӧò͹ձ͵İɣҪ£տ϶һʱ˵ġ

ôһ룬ֵЩֻҪ͹յűع⣬ʲô¶㲻ϴ¡

R&L飬һֱĻ󣬺ĸһδýǰ¶棬ܱ֡

߽ӰԶԶ˸кȻ󽡲ɵ

ϣ

⵼ݵķҲ˵ѡ

϶һְҵЦòĵݡ

һݸӣشƺʮ˷ܡ

ʦȺȵˮЪϢᡣ

ԱһԱ̬ȹصһƿȫµĴˮ

Ͻӹˮ˵л

Աһ֣ܳҲңӦġ

ЦЦʵõݸҪЪƵģһ㶼

ʦڼˣһһᣡ

ЪĵͻȻӵض˵ϺԱߵĿӶһ

λݡҲ̫Щ

ϳȻʱ䲻㳤ҲǵñȽϿ죬֮ǰǱ˺Ž㣬ôȻʦˡ

϶һԴʺţЦŸݿףҲңܸµҵġ

µһ֣֮ôͲˡ

ϣ
ʲôʱˣ

µֽܿ˵ʦʵΣǽĿһССĸĶ

ϣ

µĸӾ˾òЩ˷ܡ

İ˵ʦᳪҡرá

ϣңɴ۾

ԣ㡣µһְƣ˵ͱװɵˣǽĿĶԼˣ֪

ϿųµüŪ۵ĵԣʱǲǷʲôԼ֪顣

תͷԱߵĿӡ

̯̯֣һ޹飬ʾҲ֪

µһЩż˵ˣʦĿһʮ㣬ǴҵһμϣһڣأǸ˾ԭ̶ļƻǣġһգ˵

ǣ֮ǰûҡֶֹӵģз
µĴָ˿ǶܼҲڴܹһҡȫǽĿڴֵߵģĳ֡

µ̹׵˵ġҶģʸп϶Ȳҡڵ̳ӦҲ֪ܸʽӹļûУܶϲҡķ˿ֻЩŵĸ裬һ

Ψһһܰѹҡôôԭ֭ԭζģҶϿĸҲڴıݡ

ԡµ֣ǸĶһ£ΪҡòãֻҪͷ̰ţڹ˾棬ĿĹԱѾڽн棬Ź˾ܾġ

µһ翴ֵ𾢵ѣ˿ǿҪϳҡԣǽĿĹٲˢǶǱߵĹٲҲˢˡ

һʱ

ܸĿϵҲһأµרδʽУѾ̳ͷ

ǵֽĿиʵı֣Ƕ̳

ڣʱѾǽĿûᣬǶֵҲɵӣڰװ׷Źһ

µŷֵ˫°ĥһᣬе㽻飬Ͻ飬һְŵģȵ˷Ѿһ̸Ķͬϸڣֱ䣬ܸ㶨¡

µصصͷһֱûô˵µ͵Ĭˣ˵ػԴȥ绰

ųµԶķֱӰתͷʿӣ쿴𣿡

ӻеûӦûôˣµʲôΪʲôͻȻҪĳҡ

DDɳҡҪΪڳΪ˺ŮѲ̨ģûȥ֪£ϳҡֳж𺳡

ʱµôһ˵еʮַѽ⡣

ԼͻȻʱѽһ

ΪԼ˽⣬״̬̫ȶϵѶҲǰôģЩиˡ

û뵽ֳˣ

µղǸӣӦòʲô¡

ôһҲôģжʱࡣ

Ͻͳֻһˢ

صѶϢ΢һӵطֻ

㣬ҰǳDDɳһڶܼҪһ

ϵԤ֮С

ղųµ˵ЩʱͲµˡ

ֻÿֻȿӿ˵

кܶʼҪۻͷۣоȥϵİ֣ǳԼйء

ӣ㣬Ҷ˵㳪ҡзĸԷ˿ðһҡߣĸģķ˿һ£ֵ΢ըˡ

ϣš

㣬ز¶ǰô˵ᳪ裬ͻȻðһסġȫû뵽㻹ᳪҡ

һͱͱϵֱۣ˵DDɳôȥ̫˼ˣǲǺýá

ϱֱۣһۣãҵ̡

ӣ

㣬㲻ôˣ

ӳ뿪ıӰ˻ȭͷ

С׷ȥ

һû̫ʽ¼ӰҪǸλα໥ʶϤĵĿ

Ŀļα̳Ѿõĸ֣ϵǰܴ󲿷ûߡ

ЩǰǼ϶ʮ飬ϳ÷зĳҡ飬Ҷʮֺ档

ϵ̬ȰڵúЩǰʮǫʢǰҲûаֽΡ

һμջ˼αǵĺøС

ĿαάһǢĹϵԺ¼ƽĿҲʡࡣ

Ȼ¼Ӱ˾ܶѹѾãҲǰɢ

ָܷĿľͲˡ

ֻ򻯵¼Ӱˣһ㶼ܡ

ڽĿųʲô裬ûҡҲϤÿ໨ʱȥϰ

⣬µʱʱȷϽĿѡ裬η񣬻̨Ϻֶӡ

嵥ϣһųĸǹȽϳľҡ

ѡø֮󣬽Ŀ黹Ҫйع˾ݳİȨѡ

ֹԼǰģΪ˽ʡʱ䣬µƼANDֶӣһֶȷʵʵıֶANDֶӺһĬܱȱЩֶǿ

ңANDֶҲֺ죬Ƚ˽Ҫҡ

ϻصƵϢھƵʽвͣһϼѵζȣֻһʽͰĨ㽴ϣͻصʼǱǰſʼ

ӼתһűʼǱû̲꣬ס㣬ܶˣźúóѽøͰʲô

һ߿ŲͰһ߶űʼǱĻӦ͹ˣԼԡ

Ӿˣʲôôģһ£ƨɾճϣԸһ¡

߹ȥϱʼǱĻơ

ȥȫӢĸӵӢıͲôһרҵƧʣʱΡ

ûеĳˣҪȥڸʲô

Ů˾˵Ƕִϰʧɢ׹ŮҲʲôֵġ

Ȼûʲôܵģϰ׹Ůǹܣûֵûɵĵط

ҪǾãӵһʶϵڣͱһأңԼԽԽϣãԼϾͬˡ

ͬסһ乫ԢҲסͬһ׷

ǿȥ*ͬĿռ䣬ͬĿǣϵ磬

Ĵ󣬽㻹Ľ㣬ֻҪһû䣬¶Ҫ

ڲߣζζʢͣȻһöĵ绰ڰϵעӱʼǱĻתơ

ֻߵߣ˫ŴĽ־ظ绰Ǳߵ˵ʲô

ǿӴδᣬ˵绰ʱرģһֱһЩ޹ؽҪ飬˹˵

ȫƽʱҪôصӰһž˵꣬Ҫô˵šӦˡ

ңӻԼԼ˵ʲôԣȥ㡣

ֺ˵Ļ



62 
Ӳ˶,øһ㡣

Ůѵ洦ˣ

պٻ绰ϣմ֪ȥ,绰,˵

Ͽʼˣӵյĵ绰,ŵ绰Ǹ,ĸʱѹȥ

̲סָն˵һᡣ

عҶϵ绰֮һ,һһԹģ

ôˣѹŶͷʡ

ƺҲһ¡

û뵽Լտ,û䣬Ͼ͹ҵ绰ˡ

⡭ûʲô,Ǻǡ
ӸЦ,ȻĿڣһ޹ģ,ϡ

,װ˵绰ʱôᡣ

ϣ
ھѾͷ

,ղ˭ѽ½Ůѣָŵֻʡ

ü,͵,Ů,½ġ

㣬ƭˣӳɤŴУϴλ˵ϵȶ,ûȷģھֱӳˣ

ϰͻͻֱĶǣ˵ȷϵˣлٽʶ

˭ѽȦڵ𣬻ϴνĿĽ㣿Ӱּ׷ʡ

ѾرʼǱǰ䵭ǣ㼱ʲô֪ġ

Ϻ˻ȭͷŮˣŮ˵ôᣬ˵ûԡ

ɫûԡ

صǰŭΪʳһٿš

绰

ùĹĵģ۾̧һ¡

ǰһᣬ̲סĵ绰Ͻӡ

һ£ϸһȻԼֻ

Сߵֻ߰

绰һ

ֻߵȥһᣬ»ص䣬ȴЩ˼߻Ȱһ¡

Ӵӱȣ¡

ʲô绰ˣҪӡ

ûͷȴ񿴵ӵľһ㣬ֱԵ

ӣûûʲô

һò¶֪϶绰ˣѾͷһ¶زסԵġ

̲ס̾Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ£ûжľȥܿӵ£ҲգҪԼѧųģԺʲôһѡ

һᣬͻȻƨһ𼱻ǵתȦ

֧֧ظ٣㣬иߣϳȥ۾ۣҿԳ𣿡

û˵

㣿ֺ̽һ

ȥɡϵԼСĵ㣬¸Ҵ绰

õģӶʱ˾淺⣬лл㣡

˵ţѾ嵽ſڡ

ղ绰˵ߴһ飬ٻȥпȥ

ӴӾƵȥûȶãͿһ˴ӻͨһֻ

վڳǰ߽

΢ϵĮ¶һЦݡ

Ⱥܾ𣿡΢ָһ

ذִӼϣֱʱʱ

ȥҹ֪м겻ġ
ĺõ˵

ӵͷʵճһٴûãڶӻ͡

ɨ¡

˵طǰС˵̫࣬Գˡ

Ӳ˵̧ǹ˹Цһ¡

ȻתͷԷԱ˵ƼʳθСˡ

Ӻ䵥ŵʱ򣬺˵óҪõļһᣬԱ˲ͳ

ˣһţǣһƷʳزˡ

ʵõôࡣزҲԵòࡣ

ûϵ𵶲׼ţǣһɣЩʳÿ졣

ҪǾ̫ᣬٳԵƷָָ̧һߵĵӡ

ӵͷԼһЩزˣζȷʵͦθġ

һٷӳ˲زˣҲԵ顣

Ӳڵȳ⳵
Ӷ·ߵ·ƿһᣬ䣺
ȥϢƵ궩𣿡

Ҷˣһ󷿡תͷӣһ𣿡

ɫ죬СҲ÷ˡ

Цһ£ʲôϵϢһ

ϲȥϽҵġӵͷСľܾ

䣺ǳˣϳȥôˣܲܵô

ɫ΢䣺Ҳˡ

仺һҲ˵㣬ҵ˼ǣȥҲܲš

Ǵͷ˵Լķ䣬϶׷һģ

һյĳ⳵ͣǰ

ӷӦʱ򣬳䶩ľƵȥ

е㼱ҵľƵ겻ߣһ

䰴ס֣ͷ

һ̫įˣҺ𣿡

*
ϿϿҹִһͨ绰ǱʱСʱݻû˯

صԣһֻѾ賿㡣

ӻû

ϺһϴϢ컹Ҫȥ¼Ӱ㡣

ӳǰϵˣôȥ棬ôܻ

ˣ֪ɡ

һ˯ϴʱ򣬿ӾȻ׷Ŀš

ʲôʱģеɬ۾һǷ

һʵЦݣ˵㣬ϴϴͣǰˣ͵𴲡

Ѿһ·ϻױȥ񻹲ӡ

ҲͲ£ڲǰƵس͡

ȥ¼ӰԱѾֳ׼òˡ

ϻҪȥױ

ӽɻرɶǿýˣϻܿ۵׵ڣױƷڲס

ӡڻױǰԿ֣ȥ̲裬ҵǱվɵŶ

뿪ʮӣ̲衣

ȡǱԿ˵ҸطȥᣬңֳԱֶˣҡ

ǡӿ˿ʣµǱ̲裬ҲеʣҾ̫ãΪ˲ϷԼ״̬ԣһֱǿš

ϻӻ֣ˣȥЪɣûʲô£Ҫ㡣

Ǻðɣ㣬Լע㡣ԥһ£ϵģ̲ȥˡ

ױҶ϶ܿױʦæϵ飬ŴĻױߵߣЦŸк

ŽĿ˺ʦ

ԴӽĿ飬˶ʦʦغһʼе㲻ϰߣҲνģ˽Ӧţʦǽ㶼һֻһƺ

Ŀ˶֪µӵľϵǳݳǵµ밡

µˣ¼ĿþʽǰĽĿ¼ˣ̵ߡ

ҲǳµΪӦϺ#ϳҡ#ȴ

ֻҪϰ׸質ˣȥ϶ҡߣǿֵĶչһһ

ȻǽĿһ¥ԻĿǰ漸ģѾʼģʽαһһ

ĿͷλϳԾգǸαһ𣬽˵ķ̸죬СϷŽʽĳ軷ڡ

ԣڻױʦϻһµճױ·ǽĿǰ׼ģݳʱ̨·һӣͷǳķҲһӡ

ӲڣйԱЩƳѡ

Ȱݳδãѡһ΢ʽһĵǳΡ

ҵһ㶼Ȱ·ѡãٸȷϣȴΪذһŵ·һؿԼűȻġ

ԱߵļαЦ˵ϰԼһţ²ϣȫԼˡ

ˣֻЦЦҲʲô

֪ģͿʼرĻ

ٴţͱϺͬӣϵѰζ

ȻǽĿ¼Ӱ֮£ЩԴȦȦʱǶλеɫеΡ

ҲǷ˺ô󾢲Űѹպá

¼ƽĿǰŵĹ絽˴Ŷӽ

ϵȶȣεĹϯλƱģȫˣƱ˴ӻţ˸߼Ʊ

ϵĲȻǰ¼ƣֳڿ£αҲ̫⡣

̨ݳ˳˵ǳǩģǸʵ׼õĸֿȵ̨ڽĿʱһ¾ˡ

ԭѶģҡıݱȽټҳµһε̨ҶĬϰϵĽĿ󣬸ԤһЩʱ׼

ĿANDֶӣѡ׸ҲANDֶϤģ˫ڳξͳˡ

ɫպڣϾȥҳµ˵Կʼ¼衣

϶Լģ˲֪ˮ׼µŪôỹҪģίؽ̨βļ

Щ¼꣬ЪϢµһͨ˵˵óµӦȸԡ

ANDֶӵĳԱȻʽϹĿ̨ӵзḻ̨飬Ҷֳݵ̨ٳӵˮƽȴĿֶҪá

϶Ǻܷġ

Ӱʦ̨ƹʦѾλ豸ҲԺˣʽʼ

ϵݳԶԶҵԤϣ߿ɤһֳ˶ˡ

̨¹˷ܼһϳֵ߳ʱ򣬶վһ߻ϵӫһ߸ŽĻζ֫

Ա̲ס̨»ֺȲʡ

µѡ׸裬ǱõģֻҪһ׸質˾С

ֽʱ򣬹Ƕҵؽϵ֣нһ׵ġ

ֳͶƱͨʴﵽ98.9%

⵵ֽĿʷ߼¼

µҵֳϲһҲض

ֳ̨ļҷӦҲּα׷׹עΪԼıݰܾͷǶԼܴﵽôߵͶƱͨʣֻҪ̫ѿ

һڽĿϿһͷ̨ĸҲ׷óұ죬ǣֳմﵽǰδеҡ

ֽĿ̨DDưɵ̨˲ֹһΣ̨ϳ裬ЧҲǳԤϵĺã֮ǰģDDư谵ӵµ̨ݣε̨ʶҡʵ

ȷʵκһλҡ֡

̱ʯλŮɫʤһ

ڶϻһЩĿڵĲɷãһϹעߵİ⡣

ˣ̱ʯֶӵŮʲôϵ

΢΢һЦҺںܶǰʶǰһ衣

ڻȻ򣬹ֲ˳ķЩӽֲһҹ̨裬ԭǶѵ֡

պ󣬽Ŀȶʽ۷һҹ֮Ƕƽ̨ĿŰλ

Ⱦ籬һֽĿķͷ˹ȥ

϶ϵҲﵽ˶壬ýҡŮĳƺš

ϵڽĿĸҲת˵̡ġ֮ٴδﵽһµĸ߶ȣһַ񣬻ȫ

ϵʢϱ˵Ӱȴ

һҪæƸ塢ظ˾ʼһ߹յ¾Ѿʽʼ׼׶ΣϷױȵȺܶ¶ҪλŮԵϡ

ϰæýŲմأ϶ŵԺȿȰҹ

ɢ̲Ĵˡ

Ϊ¾ܵݣҪĵһ㶼٣ҲûжٿеʱԳȥɢ

˸æģżϢ죬˹С£ҲҪʽˡ

ʱϵֽĿѾڣµΪӦǵǿҪ󣬾ϳҡ

ϼǰ쳪ҡϤĸкܶ࣬һʡ£˼һҪʲô裬ҲҪرʱȥ衣

רҲʱʽ˸ܱСƷױǩĺƬ

ƽ̨ϱ˿Ƿʢզࡣ

ºߣܶ翨һ£ٴˢ£ҳϾʾר

ĴȥըǶֵĹٲҪۡ

Ͼʱ䣬ס˾鰲ŵľƵ

ǶֵĹܲƴ֣ӲˣԤľƵ궼ǱȽϺõģסһľǿ

ΪеŮǣȻõģ˵ܵķڣǾƵõ䷿

ΪԱһڵһЩ¥㡣

ϵȽ϶࣬ȰѶʰãȥԼķ䡣

ڷĹѾסˣԱ˵صƬ￴ʵ

΢ʰһ£ҲȥƬ

Ƭطܴ˼ˣ֪

ŮǣұƬ˼ܿò

յ黹ûϷĵôȻݲǹգҲûȥ֡

˺ܾãԶԶһȺˣϷӰϱ֪ҶԵطˡ

ϲɫؿȥ

īTţп㣬Ҳûȥһ·ˡ

йԱ߹뿪ҪӰʦϷ

ЦЦīһĨ촽

ǹص

Աָ·߿ˣֻͷһ۸ղŵŮˡ

ȻīȴȻ˾ɷǷҲĸ֪صרŹ¶

յ⣬ÿʼϷĴСܻûµ·˳صк׼䡣

ԱѾ߲֡

Ƶһ࣬Ȼ˹ա

ӰȺ֮в̫עĿżͨİTţп㣬ľͷϴһ׵ñӡ

ûлױܽسˮţȴϲģ

ղױÿƤãţ̰ϸļʤһлױƷ

˫տŨܾ̣µޡ

ϵͷԼϵİTţп㣬Цˡ

û뵽վȻıϣװ

·Ǵͬһ¹﷭һ㡣

鼫õվԱ߿ŹӰǰæµĿʱʱĨӣɫķ۴ϣӨĴУͷһëò



63 ֻ뱧Ůѡ
ͷæ˺һʱ,̧ͷѵͷϵñӣҡ¡

,̫,˼̨͵طȡ

ϸӹֵһƿˮ,ͷڡ

ӨĴˮСɵĴ,ʹ˫ˡ

ϲ򴽡

Ȼתͷ,ķ

Ȼһīס˴ջһ۾ܴȺϳ

ϻӻ֣,ߡ

ЦЦȺߵȥ

ڵ,ȱĵطܶ,񲼺ܺзߵЧ

տ߽ȻһЦ

,ʲôʱ򵽵,һֱæû㡣

ȡī,º͵ؿ

Ҹյأ˵Ƭˡ

ͣһ,ѹþò,װġ

ѩ׵ûŨױ,Ҳס΢ϼɫ

ЩڵƫͷС棺Ҳûкܾ,ֻǼ졣

һղﰡɫ糣ؽӿڡ

յһۣΪ˱ƬΣͣ˵

ȻеܸˣǣòҪ˵Ŀ֮£ߺ

̧ԼȻûӦ΢ױԵöׯһ㡣

Ҫǣ˿Լ졣

עƿתȥæ顣

ϿŮӰԱӵƬﴩûаֵݸеǿƣ̾˿ݰǣӣסЩˡ

Ͽ˿ܣûǵӰűڹ˾

յֻһ֡

˼ţȻԼҲЩעպˣԼŮǣϷݶ࣬սӴҲЩ

ȡīƬ˼شкϾ󣬾ϵĵĶ᲻֪

ϰīָϣһеظڹպͷ

ȥģ͸ġ

һᣬջͷɫ۷۵ġ

Ҫûʲô¿ȻȥϢûаϷ

üȥ̫ˣ뿴ôϷģѧ㾭顣

ճĬһ£ƺ벻Ļ˵ǱϢӣȥЪһᡣ

ϣҲۡ

գ

Ͽ죬˵ӣǿɰվ۸ŵ㣬æľͺãԵҲڡ

˵ֹ꣬յˡ

İɫñ´ãñѹ͵Ȼͷȥͷٴ

ϽйԱһӣڹԱߣһֱ

û¸ҲͦܵģΨһȤǶŮѡ

ܸоһȵĿʱճԼϣڡ

̲סˣת˵
ľ籾Ҫ̨ʱŶ

ϣ

籾û꣬Ҫ̨ʣ

򴽣ǲסô죿

գ

ϣˣʲôʰĶʱ̨дȥ

գ

̣ʵ˵۾ʰ忴ϷʱͻϷ

ϣǡûиõķ

ҡҡͷֻԼ̨ʡ

ϣ֪ô鷳Ͳˡ

ںڻü

ǿ뷨ŮѾģӰ첻á

ռϳĬŲ˵һ£һģϢʱ򣬿㱳̨ʡ

һʱðԼˣܷŶ

šʵصͷ

䴽Цһ£Ϻ͹ڷҹ籾̫ˡ

벻Ϸĺô

ϰһᣬһѵȴʼͼЦ⽩סˡ

Ѿ磬ƽʱϰϢʱ򣬶ڷļӰ࣬ڹ˵籾ǿʼʱҪһˡ

վԹЦҸ·ɻû״̬ȻȥϢһᣬһ𿴾籾

һ䣬ѹնߣ˵һ㡣

յĶеغתͷϻӻ֣Ͳ뿪

һֱԱ߿ţչʱ򶼲ܼо

뿪ӰպһȻΧĿЩ

ϻȥ·һȣһƵ귿䣬ʹ򿪱ʼǱʼ

һ͵ɽϼʱ

Žȥ

㣬ȥԷ

šϿһ۴ɫһ˳ֱĳȥԣ

ӣ£ﰲŵǹͣԲߵġ

𣿡뵽ƬĹգθ̫ãԿͣôӦ

߰ɣȥԡϵֻӳˡ

ӰӻƬϺͿӶûʲôõĲ߷ݡ

ھƵ긽Ľֵһᣬһ˱Ƚ϶ࡢװ޵ŵĲŽȥ

սţзԱòѯûԤԼλ

ҡҡͷԱתǰ̨ȷһλ״ȻЦشǽȥһŲĲʺˡ

ϷŲ˵ҪΪƷģƷ͵ĵҳ濴رϸ˼ϲģзԱֱӴ

ɻؿ㣬ô׼ҹˣ

šϴӱһ

ӿһ£ֱԵ㣬ôûأ˵ˣҪϷŮǣϳԶ˻᳤֡

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ҭһ£⵹ûС

ϣⲻͶˣҸ㲻һôԶõı֡

ӣ
оܵһı

ˣ͵ʱ򣬿ӻǺصһḻĲʽ

Ѿͷθڲѽͦã

ſ˵

ʵ齩Ӳһ룬ȻǺɵЦ

У춼θڲġ

ϣ̸ˣ

һæ֣ûûУ㣬˵

ϣǣ㡣

ӣ
ЩŤͷ¡

Ҳ²¿µ棬ͣһᣬ˹˵ǡ䣿

𾪵ת˫۵ɵôġ

һжѲµģһֱͨף仹˭

ӵͷ˫ʶ첻˵

֪ϲϲ䣬ǰҲԼܶ಻ҪմϹϵ

ǣ

ԼҪߴգڹ˾ܼ䣬仹ʱʱ˵˵ʱҲúܺദǰ׵ˡ

һֱϲ䣬˼֮͵ֵסĹƣӦ

Щ飬һֱҸ˵ҲףȦĽƾˣǲ֪ж٣гۻԴ˵ܹӰȦŮˡ

ҪʲôŮҲ

ǰҲ˵ܶСڿ˼ĴЩˣҪôҲᣬҪôǱĮؾܾˡ

ֻһ۵СҲ֪ôԼģεԼ

Ͽſӣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôŮ˼һ۾ܿ͸ˡ

ڿǿҸʱԼƾʲôˮ

˵Ļǰ˵ˣӻѡһ˭ûиԽʱ

ƿߣ̾һ

̾ϢΪڵԼæ㣬֪ԼʲôĺˣúģҲԼ֮Ĳ͸ңֻǣ볢һΣܽΣǣഺ

ӵĻ΢΢

ǰഺ

˻һҪΪЩĵ׹ȵ˼һΡ

û뵽ӿñ͸

ԳЦЦϵˮһڡ

Լͺãùʲô¼ǵҽ㡣

㣬˫ʱãⱲҪĽ㣡

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ֱ̧Ĩ۽ϸỨ飬ЦҪúóһٱģ

һٲԱġЦһۡ

˵ҲǣΪ̫ˣЦǺӰ

Ϲ˹

ʱܾÿЩյĵط֪ǲΪԭ᲻ضԿӶչЩ

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ϡͣ

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ȴ֪һ뷨ƵģϢϻصƵԺżֻװƷ͵ĵʳйš

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տ򿪵ʳУֿϳ񣬺Ȼúܡ

Ⱥۻ

Ҳһԡϵ֣Ц

á

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ȥ

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΢΢һЦַ̧ŵԼĴߣ̺⣬ָϵĵȥ

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ĵļյӣ

§ڻģˮġ

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մ׵ú޵ӣ΢˵֣㻹Ҫ̨ʡ

ͣ˫Իڹյϣˣ㱧Թ

̨ʲô˼ֻ뱧Ůѡ



64 ָ
˵,ߵͨ죬ϵĻһᣬ˵
ҪǼǲס̨,û취ˡ

ϣĲ,Ǿͺġ

գУ㻹Ҫȥ¼ֽĿ,ûʱ,ңŮǵϷء

ϿŹһģ,û취һֻ֣һı,ֱӡ

ðɣȻصǿҪ,ֻΪѵذҹ̨ˡ

ڷſ,˿

ڲžŵ,Ҫҹˡ

ҼԲ,ǲסô죿ϥϣ°,ա

ûǲס̨£,ÿһ̨ʶ̫,Ӧú׼ס,οǰѧУѧҵɼʱ,ôĸʶһֲؼסôǲסǵ̨ʡ

̨ʲһӱȫģֻҪϷ̨ʼסС

ճ԰οһ

ǣҿЩ̨ʾʹ˯ֱضŹգûб

һʱ֪ôȰֻ峺˫ֱֱؿϡ

򴽣·ڻζǸǵζ

Ц˵磬һ䣬Ҹһ䣬ӦûǵÿЩ

㡭վƺϷŪԼ

ϵ̹ȻʲôҿЩ־˯Ҷ߶һЩͷۻˡ

벻Ļ˵ƺҲЩ輸ϵľ籾˷޿κεذ˵һһ

׹ͷЩףżַ׼ȷϺЦȴûд

бɳϣŹر۾

˼̨ʣûзӦ˿Ȼ˯ʱغϾ籾ĵȥ

ƭˣ

ӣ׽סԼ֣ôˣҼסѽ

ղţ㶼˯ˣû

ϰѸղŹն̨ʸһ飬ƽ

ļסǵúÿ죬ֻǶһѡ

ȻϰСְ˵ˣҾܼס

ǣôͼסòġ

ϣֻǲ뿴籾ЩСֲ֣ȫǲס

ǣҪҪ¶һ飬ӡЩջٳʡ

ҲãͶɣӡ󡣡ϲյˡ

ǣһȥظ϶˺üϷݵ̨ʡ

ֱ˳شͷβѾӽʮ㡣

̲סһСǷ

ڴɳ§Źյһڡ

ˣ˯ɣҲҪطˡ

գգ۾Ӧһ

Сè˵úܡ

ţɫؿվ

Ҳվš

ͣԼȥͷȥϴ˯ɡ

*
ڶգ絽Ƭ

ձ磬ѾƬæˡ

˵㵭ױȥһЩɫҲ⣬߽ܿ۵׵΢ڡ

ڷ̫ˣûпƺʱ䣬̫ˣϰ˯ʮŴӹշ뿪

ô磬һƬ¶Ҫܣȴˡ

ϴ绰ӣȥ͵һůθС׹ࡣ

ϳԵǲṩţ̣ƵƬԶϲȿӣȹˣýп·ϴһࡣ

ղ̫ϲָƵû㣬ƹҲôԡ

ʱࡣ

ΪûԱҪ࣬ȻԼҲҪһƤࡣ

ϽӹС׹࣬ߵȥ

ھͷǰҶԽΧ˶æ顣

ϰݵǰԵ𣿡

תͷſˡ

䵽Сϣ򴽡

ҳԹˡ

ϣƵֲͰܳԵùߣ

û˵һᣬС˵˶࣬Ҳԡ

䴽Լԣǣֻι㿩

ԣ۾ڿһͽӡ

㣬˵ʲôأô๤Աô˵ֻ

ⶼˡ

ѽ֪˶಻ʣԣ㻹ԼԵȽϺá
ɫ糣˵˵ͨһ㡣

ռ۾ˣǸģǱԵϷҸŮ

壺ԣԵůůθ㻹Ҫæһ죬ͲԺã׶ġ

ĬĬظһᣬšֻܱͣ˹ȥ

΢΢һЦԣ̡̲

֪һӣһ߸ŷ磬һ

յͷС׹࣬һᴵ£һ߿ٵذꡣ

Եüһͷ

ͳЯֽȡһŸ죬ȡһţȥϵĺ顣

ȴӣܿ֡

Լճֽɿز¶ͷĺˮѿյݸϡ

ϴĿ룬ЦЦ

ͻҪúóԵġ

˵߿ˡ

յԶӰԱߵӣȷ̵ա

ݵľ֮УһΣ

ȻϱڹĹ࣬ԸҲ붪ġ

һת˿ܣʱ仹磬ƬڶߵĹԱԱڻױ׼ûй㲻̫

㣬ȥˣҪױϷˡ

ڻױǰϣȥһֻΪҵطȥˡ

ϰ붪·ߵͰӦˡ

Ӹһ߽ױңһߵ˵Ҫ࣬߳Ծˣܶ˶ԵôԶҪǻˣҲ㣬صǱ߿ܻ᲻ˡ

䴽˵صûôС

ӰһۣⲻСС⣬ǹԭ⣬ΪŮǣϷģ˼ҼſϷҪϰ죬ǲǲ񻰣

ţȷʵ˵úܶԣ´һעġ
صͷ̬ѵõ

ӺɵشôȻǱˣҪǷǰ׼һĵذѿӵĻ»ȥµģ˲֡

ѿǻȥˣ̬ȶϿҵسϴ

̫߳ˡ

ⲿУ԰磬¼ԼķƯƤãѧҲΥ͡

Ƭϻ߽һഺˣǰǵӰص

ȻҲȫûʱϵķһЩ

뵽ȵƿߡ

صҵĵһϷôѽ

͵תͷѾ˸ǰĳ߸β¶ε

΢΢һ˫Ŀյյǰһ޹ؿ

գ

еܲ⸱ģװ磬ϵʶһˣվȻòϰߡ

ﵱô˵棬ԼԵһˣ·Ȼ˸һ㡣

յͷһϵľ籾̯һҳݸϿ

Ͻӹ籾״ƿյؿһᣬ̾ûĹϷñôأص

صػš

ѹպûһ顣

̧ӿһֲۣ̫ڵƿĿ⣬ǰ˵ɣݼξ״̬ˡ

Ϲ˹ɤӲĵ˵Ҳ֪һӦôѽ磬صԽһң

̧ͷ·ڿЦ

գգۣ˵ص˵˻ָģɲ˵㻰ѽ

Щվһ֧ʣ

ĥһᣬƺЩѵ˵Ҳ̫ϰôǰݣңȻж˭ݵúòãԼݲ

ѹõ͵͵ģ·һ˿ĵζ

ϱֻ붺ȴֺ֪۸ˡ

վֱӣЦҴҪݵòãصҪŶ

պͷ

ڷŹѾ籾ߵһȥˡ

һѹֱģӰǰ

׼ʽ

ϳ츳ϷⷽĴûнӴ

˵ݣ治˵˵ѡ

ͷϰ̨һֲ©˵ˣҲһЩ֫嶯ݣĶԾžεĸо

˼ΣȻЩĽǴﲻҪЧ

Աߵĸ߹οʦȻݼãߣ質úã˿Ҳݼ⣬οֵڣܳŵסģصĺˣϵڣⲿ岻ˡ

̾˿ֻܰҪһٽ漸ΣϵNGˣҲյյˮȡ

սӹˮȴûкȡ

ܲ㣿

գգۣҺѽĺˣҵֵ֤¾ʲͣοҶ֪Ǹ֣Աݼ̫ˡ

գ

ʶ˵ĺգѾԶԵľ硣

ղֺ׺ǿƵĵݣǶԱһЩһ㾴ҵԱᰴҪԼıݷʽǣҸоõˣһ취ûС

˻ῴܵϣҵҵرݣӡ󣬵ȴû뷨

û취ֻýͶҪ󣬰οԼǸ֣ԱҪҪ̫ࡣ

ǣϵϷУ㶼üֻ࣬Ҫû˵̨ʣͱûʲôˡ

һȻüξ顣

³һһ죬ֱĵõһ졣

ΪǨϵݼˮƽѾú޵ߡ

䣬ʳÿշŵʱ򣬹յСཱུϸߵġ

ֱϰʳһֻֻó򿪸Ӱڷڲ輸ϡ

ǴŹǡǹǳӣһ󱭿ɿڵ̲裬Ҳ̲סЦˡ

ûôԣֶۣŪ齹ǣĸϷ̤ʵ

ɳһ߿Źǣһ߲棺ϣϷʱô㡣

൱޹գûܣѾˣҡ

츳ֶ˵ģҾǲϷҲû취˵ʵųʮ׸裬һСϷɡ

ңͷһϷأʲô鶼ûУѾŬˡ

˫ֺʮգӣֿŹա

ն񣬳룬Ͷסˡ

һ齹󣬷Žҧһڣ˵ðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣǾɡ

ƺЩź

ϾݵĵӾȻ࣬ܳɹҲδԱ

ܹеܸС

ϿЩˣ壺գģȻݼôǣҵĸԻкܶģ磬Ҹⲿ糪Ƭβвʲôģ

һͣ˳ԶĶ롣

ⲿտʼģƬβЩûء

һ֣ãʶһЩˣҪǻûҵˣҿȰЩⲿи趼ϡ

տЩ裬ȫˣ

ϣҿԳһ֣Щʺҵĸ裬͸ˡ

°룬⻹

ǺðɣⲿĲЩˣʱǿ԰Ѳص΢бʺϾΧĸֲݼĲ㡣

˵ţ΢΢ĸӦûϲھжĸ

ϾַĲŻȷʵ㣬Ȼݼˮƽ᲻һЩóֲ֣㡣

ķΧУֻҪˣܻòЧ

պȻⲿǰ»µϣеҲһɨա

е̲Ҳر

ϳؿã鶼ȥ죬㲻÷ģұ֤õӣκһӾĲøࡣ

ţصͷĺõؿϼϣ۾̲衣

Ͽű֮󣬱Сèһ˳ɰĹգһͿ

ϡһᣬͻȻ˵

ţӦһ

գ̨ʻû

ϣ

Ҳˣ١

У˵ټǣˡ

ǡֻһʱ䣬˵ʮ֣̫

ǿ꣬ЩϢŪ̫ˣ㶼ûϢãһ۵ġ

ϰյ

յȻϸղǾ仰壬ᡣ

ǣͶô



65 Ĩ̺
ձ,վߵһߣִҳ籾

һ߷籾һ߻ɳ,һ

ϵĳ,˫Բ

ԱٶĶӻǱġϰַڹյĶƤ,,ģһ㱥жûС

,ȴ§סˡ

Ҷ,ι㣬òã
,˵,Щơ

ϵĺľͶߣе,תͷ,ֵԼԡ

ǣѾһõǳ,ŵߡ

һ˲ſͣǳӺ,Ĵ겻ɱ΢ָ⡣

˫һ¡

պӶˡ

ϵָ˴,Ц,𣿡

÷̣ɿҧ˼,̽

̵üˣǺ˼

˫ӯỨβȾһĨ欵졣

ĳֶ˵yuع

һ¿ˮ촽ӣ§֣°̽ȥ

Ửļ񫡣

Ӵ£ƿһЩ

Ƶķ䣬ĳЩ컵飬ȻûоҲһ֪

еĿռڣϵĻеЩ

ϲһᣬδֻڹյ°÷̡

հ·ֻ֣˵Ҫ

ϵ񰵳Σգεض

Ϊʲôûзſ§ø°͸ڹѩ׵ļϣ촽Ĳӡ

˵ΪʲôŤ£ϣȵĺļϣʹӹǶġ

˳Ĳ˼£һ·ϣ°ͣȻ󣬾˫޵ӣ

յӽýӲͣɿ

˫峺ʪġ

΢΢һɿ

մӣŨܵĽմϾӨˮ⡣

áչ̫죬ùոеЩ޴롣

յϸü

ڰŵķȴˡ

ŹռĿҪ޳ӣȻʶҲδȫԼ

ִӹ˳§ϵҲ˻

˿Ŀⶢŵڵϵľ籾

籾ɳվ
ǫ̈ˣһȥԼ

ڶգƬϵ̨ʻһֲ©˵ȫˣֻݼһѾⲿഺУ԰磬ݼҪ̫̣ϼǱɫݣҲûʲô⡣

ϣȻʳȥùյķš

Ѷϣȴȥ籾ˡ

̨ȷʵ㳤ЩȽ϶̵ģƬϢʱ򿴼鶼ܼ졣

Լط̨ʣЧʱնҪߣҰһֱƬţûʱ俴ʼϻҪʱظʼƷͼţʣݶͷ

죬Ҫɻȥ¼ֽĿ

Ҫͷɣ·ϵʱ䣬Ƭʱȷʵࡣ

ֽĿʶȦڱȽϳ˺ˣȥǱߣͿʼϵԼΪȽϺʵӾȴ⡣

ĿڣϵԽԽߣĿҲµԤϵǰ㣬Ϊ϶ߵĵʺ

ĿֳĹϯϴ󲿷ֶϵĸԷ˿һڽĿֿ¼ơ

һһЩСϷһֱָݽĿаϳһҡǲֻڵġ

ڶٳııĸڵһ߸λٸһʱǶԸıࡣ

ֳ±ĸݣͶƱ

ϸıĸȫ߷ֵģһЩҡԪأΪԭĸµһ㣬һĺĸ

Ҳ̳еķ򣬺ϲֳڼȫˣĻʤӹɡ

ڸıḶ́ͻȻ¸УΪ˰м¼¼ĿԺһͨƣһθС¼档

ڶʱһλ˸һ¹¾飬ˣԭƻ¼Ŀؾг̣ƺһ졣

ϻصƵߵࡣ

׼һ·ȥͿûԷɻṩļͣʱ仹ȥúóһ١

·óš

ΪǿӣѵװףֻһСĨؾȥˡ

û뵽վǹա

ռƺЩȣͣһᣬַɿصͷ

ϵͷһԼϵĨأ򴽣ҪҪݡ

ԥһ£̧ȥ

ǲǴŵˡ
սԺվűһĿڵذϣʼղϡ

߻شߣѸµĶ´á

ûУɡһѹ׵µͷһָָڵɳ

Ϸĸּ͹յķһģһ

ڵ߹ȥƬչȽ磬ڷԱ߿ŵĶܹţȴû뵽ڻ·ʱеЩ³çˡ

ֻһΪʲôһŻǷϢˣżŻһ̵Ϣ˵æŸĸ

ûЩһȲĹš

ȴ룬űϴһСĨأϵʱ¶š

˼ۣͿʼܿƵط

ԭгգЩΡ

գʲô𣿡ϴ߹

ոҪȥ߽վֱˣҲ֪ʲô

ϣҡ

ԥţ˵һˣû˵ڣš

Ͽ˿߹ȥš

µȥԷ˽㣬Һܶˡ

϶ſûƽ˵ȥȣһ·

ӾеֵֹģסһﶼдˣƽʱֹˣûԹýġ

ֻ˵·ȥҲûʲô˵ģƵӦһˡ

˿ӣ¹غţߵǰ

׼ȥҪһȥ𣿡

ֻһ󣬾Լ治ʱ

ҡҡͷҲȥˣѾԹ

ȻԹʲô˼˳ǰڿ;Ͷˡ

ðɣҵ´һЩƷ㡣

鷳ˡ

˵ԴһΣƿԺ󣬺֮һ㿴ĸңûǰദˡ

Цʱϻָʣڶɢģǿװĸ䡣

ùǰЩн˵Ҳ̫ŵÿ

鷳˳ġ
һ˵һſȥ·Ҳˣ͹һţֱȥȵݡ

ûһԼ˷䡣

ϴµһ¥һֽУ㲻ǻ·ô

Ĭһ£µ˵˸绰ˡ

ӡŶһҲû롣

ڲ͵ʱ˼Ʒ

ͻûյշϢ

ա˯ˣôҹҡ

Ͽֻһسİ⣬ȵ֭ŷԱǰ׼õĴʳлȥ

صƵ꣬ڷǰվ˿Ա߽յķţջûдţԼķ䡣

ڶһ磬һȵȥƬڸ˵ûƺһЩ

°͸ϸˣһⶼûС

ڷҴһ棬ûпϸڰ쿴ɫҲ̫ã׵ü͸һ˿Ѫ*ɫûС

΢΢ü⣬ùƺ״̬ܲãʱᵹȥƵġ

Ϸݶ࣬ƳһհŵҪϷʱżһЩ̨ʣҲûNGܶࡣ

ȣٽʱ̫͵Ҫ˿ˡ

ϴ򷢿ӳȥϣһ̲裬ȫǵġ

ΪҪֵǣĿζһǵģվȻҪһȫǡ

ǣֵúܣʱʱЩĪҪ󣬿Ӷϰˡ

ӻʱϸպһСڣϢݸ̲衣

Ͽ˿̲裬ҳǱȫǵģžߡ

ţ̲趼Ҫҵطˣ

ӿһ·ǰո䣬ӰҡҡͷҲֲܡ

̲߽һǰһԴһַֻ£ƺŶӡ

߽ߣصʲʣ

ûзӦû˵Ƶġ

ļ

Ȼճ߿˹ԥҪҪٿ˳ƽǹղϲڹ§§οǻǵ飬ƽʱҴŶƬ§һȥ

תֹǣȴֱֱ浹ȥ

ۿվҪˤȥˣһҲ˲϶룬ַס

ʱŷ֣ս˫ǻ˹ȥɫ촽׵ֽƬ

գôˣϵ߽պ޷Ӧ

Χ˷ֹصƺ赹ҲΧ˹

ϼջԲѣżᱧȥ

ص赹ˣȥҽԺ϶ԸĹԱæһܳȥˡ

Ƭе˼ϱŹվܣ׷ͶȥĿ⣬û뵽ϾȻôͣһûӦͱˡ



66 ͺ/´һ
,һ⳵ֱȥ˵صҽԺ

ڳ⳵¹գ侲һ,֪ͨӸȡ

Ժ,ϴȥҽԺҼʱѾᣬû˰Ĳ,ڹջ,ҪŹգû취

ϢǱ,ûջ赹Ϣӵϵ绰ؽȥҽԺ,ŵΪϳ£ʰ,ɿܳȥ򳵡

ҽԺĻԲ˶ͼ,ҵһſյʱλհѹշ,Ӿ͸ϵˡ

ԶԶϾͳȥ,´

㣬ô,ﲻҰ㡣

Ƴһۣ侲˵ңջ,Ҫȥҽ,Ҫ,ȥ˹

գһʱ벻˭ƽʱյȫ,ǹܻ߹صسƺţھȻ֪˵˭

룬ʲôôôżġ

ֱĿ䵽ʱϣɫ԰˫ĿյĹգڻȻ

㻹ĥʲôϽȥϼûżһѡ

͵ػع񣬼ܳȥҽ

ȻǹܻԣɲˣƬǱҳһˡ

ӾͽҵƵĻʿ˵VIP˿϶ͨｫ͵ġ

ڿӿVIPܿҽʦŻʿտ

һϵеļϣҽȷռθףʹεġ

ҽˮҩлʿͻ״ѹתƵסԺ¥ϵVIP

ôһڣȵѹúãѾСʱ

ڲԱߵϣĬĬؿŻеĹգ׾ϲͷķ˿ɢ࣬ƴԵøСˡ

Ÿɾëȥնϵϸרע·˹Ҳ

ӵһμôϣ·Ҫһ㡣

ȻǸصŮѣԼЩֵֹľٶѵİѹ׷ˣ

ôţӿϵ𾪣мֳݡ

ǸԸıɽ˹հעⶼûгɹȴ׷ˡ

ۿһСĵظղһְѹյսԼ󣬿ȻţȴֲòǰһС

㣬ܺˣ

ĲСĵشϵɫ

һᣬϲŵءšһ

ȥ㣬Ȧı˹ܸܶ㶨

˵ҪգһֱΪǿЦģ˵û뵽ؾȻġ

ѵõǣȻɹˡ

𾪹̲ס̾ϢһҲ֪ôģȻŮˣѵҲֻ

ߵһߵɳϰ£ٴˡ

һᣬķ𡰹

СһΪѵض˵㣬һˣۻû緹

ĶͶˣ̵ڲŷѾܲˡ

ϳĬһ˲˵ȥԷɣҽԺӦʳãԲ߾ȥķݡ

ӡŶһҪʲôҰ

ϣˣûθڡ

ƽʱԶȿӶ࣬ڹջԲѣһʳ᲻

ˣֵһʱ緹һҪԣȻչ˼ҡ

šϵӦһû˵

űĶƤƮȥ

ڼϵĲƿ˴ҩˮԱ߻һƿģϹŵȻҪлʿҩˮˡ

ѹյŻشϣվϸ˿ƿʣҩˮ

ϵ˺Ȼһע˻ȥ

ϸϽضŹա

ŨܵĽëĶ˶ˢ

Ϻһ٣龹ȻЩ

ˡ

ո۾˲䣬Щɣǰİķ䣬ΪʲôǵԼƬġ

ȻؿԱߵϡ

ͣаϣǺɵ˵

԰׸ѡ

ϽŵߣְգˣüҽԺƬεˡ

գգ۾ٴſڣΪѵ˵һ֣ʡ

ϴʱϣȻ˵Ļ

Ͻȥ輸һĿˮ

㿴Ҷģôö벻ñˮ

ˮڴߣѹշԼϡ

ùվԼֺˮ

ŹռһһСˮʣҪˮ𣿡

յͷͷ΢һ´ϵˮ顣

ĺ񱻻չһ㣬ʵһСˮԶԶ

ϰѴͷͷתȥ輸Ǳߣˮùڴߵϡ

һˮպȣͣ

³һ̧һ´ߣȻֱϵͷһ¡

æס֣Żشϡ

ڴ룬Ҷ

ȻԱߵĹϳһָֽ˲ǵˮ

㼱θףˣûоúһЩ

ȼˮ˹ͷöˡ

ģƽʱЩ

šϷһЩӻ𣿡

ʹĵطѾõ˻⡣

ϣڷϳȻ۵ûдҩصһźЩɴ෢Ϣ˵ҹˣ˯

û뵽ƬæһᾹȻֿʼˣ۵̫ʵ̲סȣΪθۣôˮֿΣţͻ˹ȥ

ڲˡչ˳شƬǱôˣҲڣǡ

Ǳû£㲻õģҸ˵绰֪ͨͣ㣬ԻؾƵϢ

Ǿĸݣо飬ʸϣղڣҲסӣҲ

šվһᣬЩûɵӣĽë£ΧһƬɫӰ

̧Ķͷ˳һ¶ǰҵķ˿

⼸ûкúóԷɣθˡ

Ľë£ſӶϣһֻ޹С¹

û˵ɫѾĬʵ

ϵ̾Ҳ뿪죬ͰԼڽҽԺˣôӦѧչԼɵɵģŶӶܡ

ŨܵĽ´촽΢С˵̫ˣϢ

ʵϲڵļ죬ľҲ̫ãΪϲôϢЩ䣬ûעԷ£ÿƬŴһһͷܹȥ

ۣҲҪԱ
̧ḧգͬһůĴˮܽС

̧۾һů·һ

ϣ㡭ǲҵˣˮӯӯ۾һգգؿϡ

һͿ̾һ§Źյļ

ûУôء

㶼ҡյﺬһ˿ί

϶һ£͵Ǳ¼ƽĿȽæνĿҪиıһ׸һʱ䣬ĺ˻ҪΪܰʱ㣬Ҫץʱɡ

Ϊʲô¼ĿĵڶϲŻմĻ̧ͷ

ЦЦҸıʱ򣬺Ȼ¸У¼Ŀ֮ھƵȴ¼һСŪ¼á

ڴϲ˯һᣬԼһ۵ӾĲԷ˵ʱ䣬ϲܻ

벻ô飬ԼϢЩȡ֡

Բ𣬰ϣҲ֪ôæ

ûϵġĶһ£ҴӦ飬һõġ

ţáյ΢⣬ŵϵϡ

ң´Ρ֪뵽ʲô԰׵ӽ

´Σһ㡣ţְѻ˵ꡣ

֣żûй㣬һܵġ

ϣ᲻Һܲ£

ᣬʲôʱϲĶ㡣

ͨ죬ϵ٣Ҳϲ㣬ϡ

䴽һЦͷĴǣƵǳֹ

ҳȥһҽ

ϷŹڴͷͷϿãվһ°ھͳȥˡ

뿪ıӰ̧Լϣ޵ĴУȴЩġ

ǰ飬ղǸǣƺЩ䵭

Ȼ˵Ųǹܸо϶Լûǰ顣

մ۽ޣЩѹȴֲ֪Ӧô졣

һھƵķΪ̫ţ;ϣȻҲûнķ䣬ҹҲֻվűߣž롣

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θ׷Ӧر𽲾һЩԿ϶ǲеģҲҳԡ

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һڷ䣬Ҳٶ˵۷յĲ

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ȻԼе뿪һͱúܲϰߣ

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67 /
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ǿһ,ԹЦȥˮ,ȵˮˮ֡

šͷЩرܵɫ,ԹԵɿ֡

ڹ,һʱƿҩˮˮʱ,пһۣҩˮѾʣ޼

Ͻҽ壬ѻʿй

VIPķһһ,ʱлʿҽȺٻܿ커ʿŽˡ

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ʿػһƿˮ,ʹûﲻġ

ҡҡͷ,ȻҽһЩ򵥼飬˵ָò,һƿҩˮ,֢״ʧˣֻθ׵ûôܺ,Ҫҩơ

ʿѾҩýճͺ󣬰ҩ

϶ҩƬʵرϸ,һʹʿ,

ʱ,ȡͻҽһעʳúϢ,ͳȥˡ

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ӣ㣬Ǳ߷ţпվͳԣһȥϢһ£´绰ҡ

ãȥɡ϶ŹճԶͷҲصذѿӴߡ

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ͷˣĺѳԡ

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ˡ

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ɶߵϸһᣬȷѾ˯

ıʼǱˣ϶ԿһƣʾҪ˵

˯ˣԾķŲ

ϽӹʼǱڲ輸ϣһ߲ͷһ߶Կӻӻ֣ȥ

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ڴߣЩʧ䣬תͷ򷿼һߣȴɳϣǰһʼǱԣڿŵĶʮרע

վ湤ӣϷʱûȫͶ롣

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šڹԹԵشӦ

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ϸָϵػָУǻһ㣬᲻ó֡

ϻعɫضŹա

𣿡Щơ



68 ץ/
ͷ,˫ôģӳ컨ϵĵƹ⣬ʯʡ

϶,ֻƤСԼϺΪ

ճԵһ,Щ˼ջ֡

Բ,ҡǾƤ̫ˡ

ûϵ,ʲôԡ
Ƶ桢ƶ,ڵ̶һ㣬·ʱܰѹվȥɵ

ͷһ֪ô,ͺˡ

ھĬһᣬע⵽պͮͮɫ,ֻ᲻,뿪,߻ز輸ԡ

򿪵Կһʼ,;͵ˡ

տԵ㣬Ҫһҵ

εЦЦ,պܿͻϲˡ

ϻҪһƿҩˮʿʱ򣬸պùµСҲ͵ˡ

ʿЩĿ,ѵС㲡ոȶ,ʱܳЩ̼θĶ

ͣҳԵġ

ʿ˵СҪɿ졣

գ

ϣ

ǳԲˡ

ʿߺ,Щʧر˱͡

߹ȥοҪǹԹԳҩ,ҸƷ

˫һģ

ϵͷţ΢һӦûϵƷǺĶ

̫ˣոѾܶûԹЩɿڵĵˡ

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϶һһӦˣҽŵݸһǩĳԺ֤

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ķ˿οԼһʱϢҪѹѹ̫ѵھ͸Ҫ𣿡

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صͷԼ任·

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С㣬ˣȺܼĵطҪñʩС
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#Ͼ쾰#

Ѱϴڣܿռ˰һı

ϲΪߣԴ̳һ紵ݶͱѰһ˳СҲƵһ¸߶ȣԺǰþοͷһࡣ

·ץĵƬϲһˣǣһŮӡ

ܶǸŮðԵСᵽһɲѰζ

֮ǰϺCPҺȻ˵ķȥչ

ǸŮȻϵףݣһģıӰ˾һˡ

ҴҲ֣ϺǸŮһ·Ĭǹ⻹⣬͸һĺۼ

Ϊ˰ǳ˵ƾʵݶֵ÷츲أϵ΢ȴ޶

ѳԹȺڸĲУҪô󷽷سˣҪôͳٸҥ٣ٸһ㷽򣬲ȥҲۡ

ϧƫƫ

˵ڶգȴǶֵĹٲһ幫棬ͬ쾰һλԱûʲôرĵطճҲĹԱڳֻɢˣûб˿ע⵽

򹫸棬ʾ·ģһۿϴƬϳǣǹա



69 ˽/ѹ
һֱûг,ֻù˾һʽĹҥЩͷķ˿ڣһڵʲô,鷳ʹˡ

ھİ,ֻ䷢һƬûü,ͱ׷԰,ҲһξĶǵ顣

ϻصƵ껹ЩδҩԺ,Ҫ㡣

˯Ժ󣬲뿪

صԼ䣬üϢһ,ݵĵ绰ˡ

Ѿعһʱ䣬ǰļƻ,һԱ,齨лķֹ˾ں̸ܶ,ʱһ칫ʹ,ΪʱƷƵR&Lлֹ˾Ȼܡ

Ȼפڵг,湦һҪˣԣ˾صҲʮҪ,ÿΪ¹˾ŵĵַ,ֻҪŻʾ

δ绰,ҪΪϵѡ

ϴڵǲ,ȥһȦһȺ׷ܡ

³һˣ浽һ뱻ϳҲҵĴ⡣

ƽʱͿӳŶȽע⣬Ǻ͹ճȥŹյЦ§һᣬԼĻҲˣﻹ⵽ôϸڵĶ

ϴȻҲʧֵʱ˵ǸŮ˭绰ͷζŨʻ

ϣЩԵС˼ŵĵַѡˣ

ΪϱµĽչ

ֹ˾ĵطѾòˣڸصҵϸڣҳٵ㷢һЩϸ㿴ŵλá

ͣһ£ƺһЩ谭õĵطͻȻ˵ǡ

ϳĬһ᣺ؼҡ

ݣĿǰܴǣ֪©Ϣ˵ҪڵгǴżˡ

ؼ鱦ңǶִý˾ȻȦھأڹؼﲻֵһᣬǵһֱ鱦г

ڽӹܼҵǰȥѧƣϵĸͬһѧУ

ҼλãȻϴңǼ䲻ģ

齻꣬˵绰ӷĴȥƹ貣ǺΡ

ڷﰲ˯Ĺգߵߣƿ˺ܾҹ硣

ڶ죬ǶֹٲϷıҥ棬ϵƽϢܶ࣬ȻһССǣȴҲ˷ˣ˼˭֪ų

Ƭָ㹤ԱһԱϢվ񶼺࣬һ죬ŵȫϵϷϴ絽ŹհʱԷҩƬҲƬȥʱԡ

緹ʱ򣬿ǵղӦԿͣпǰȥ淹һ

ְǰҲҲԣΧĿ⣬ӲͷƤһһڳԵ

صθףԲӲԺҪע㡣

ЦŸΧ˴ȤĿСƵϡ

СæصͷǣҶˣ֮ǰˣ֪صθȻҲùصƬε

ȥҽԺ˹֮󣬰Сѵһ٣ҪһͶҪʵķ˸գùճԹͣȻͰ

Сȥ緹ͼһǰŵصǰصԹˣ͡

Ҳ£Ժ͸صࡣ

Ȼֻ֣ܸڹص£պְε;ܰԺ󼸺ٱá

֮ǰڹصʳɴڣھһ

СƸмؿһ̵ۣܽͷ

Ҫȥ¼ֽĿ뿪ǰҪЩ鰲׵ܷģ֪С䰲ŵˣСƿ϶ҵգΨһĵǣƤǰάһ쵼󣬲˼ԸСƸԼͲ͡

ϻصƵ꣬ϰѴӦյƷùֵüЦ

ȵһɳϣҪһԡ

ڻܶƷֻһݣ㿴

ϣҲԡ

ﺬһ飬ŲӰһƷݵߡ

϶ƷûãÿζճԣҲſͰѲ϶˵СƷҧ

ϰƷˣЦġ

ԲƷʲôζֻǿӾ;ú

Բ񣬹Ѿڶ飬ϵĲƷϲ塣

ץס

ղػͷϡ

ô࣬պһ㣬Ҫעơº͵Ȱ

ձͣҺþûԹˣƷô㣬Ͳܶһ顣

˫峺ںڷ·˵ӣʹӦˡ

Źɿһ£ץˡ

У´Σ´λͿԶһЩˣǰÿ춼ҪԹԳҩ

ſͣʧؽг

꣬һΪģЩʵҧҧ

ȻſĲӣ˵ɳϡ

Ͼȵץס֡

ҧŴںڵһĨҳԣͳģ

εε˵װͰ͵Ļѹϲ

һɳϣ˶ЩӲ

չͣģһķ۴ϵĴϡ

Ŵһʱ䣬֪ôһ

̽һСͷһϵĴꡣ

ȻģղųԵƷһζ

񴥵һ㣬Ȼֱ̧ϵˣѹȥ޵ĺ촽΢΢ſشӣɫĴ䡣

·Ť˺ܿ찲ģȡ

ϵѾȵըܸоҲߵ£ǻŨʱ̣Ϸſ˹գɳ

ش˼ֲ̧һ´

ǸԹ˵һ첽뿪

ֱŹرյղŻع

֫ɳŲ輸ʣµƷ

*
¼ֽĿڼ䣬ʱʱϢʹûгԷûгҩ緹Եʲô

¹ԼڹͣҪհ緹Ƭ

նԹԵˣƬֳҩϲŷġ

¼ĿʱϱȽæ˿УҪӾ¸裬ֻǣŹգһòʱ䶼׼ʱշϢúóԷʱҩ

Сƾϴιε飬ϵˣÿβȹտڣڷǰسȥķȻǰҪʾһ¹ʲô

͵ʱ򣬹θڲǺܺãǳ࣬ҹˣAPPβͣζܲܿϲϵˡ

ΪˣҫѾѧʹAPPͣʱʱʳշϿһǿСѧ

ЦЦھǿ䣬ѹտʮ㣬ɫҲԽԽˡ

¼Ŀҹɻſס¥ûʲôˣ¥ָߣݿŵʾȷϡ

䣬תսǣվǰӰһ¡

ϻǰһϢգû뵽վȻš

մһеȹӣɢЩʪǸϴûȫɡ

ԶԶϵӰĵܹȥһѱסϡ

ϼôĹЩ죬һֻֻֻرһ¡

ôˣôû˯

ûСմ̧ͷ˫˸Ĺʡ

ղյûǰôˣݱһЩԵȿɰ

ϵ֣˷ܵ˵ҵһԣ

ϣ

ǵˣôų

εθһӳ̫ණôԶ

𴽣͹ĵԲԲС

ֲһ˳ԣ˵ˣԵģ㲻ˣҪ˵˼ҡ

ҡ򴽣˵ԼûҪҹ˵ùոˣѵ²ҪԼǲҪˮȽϺá

Ҹ»öˣԺܶŶ
Ͼһ˵ԼԵ㣬ճ̫ࡣ

Цĺˣҵ˺ܶ࣡

˵ţƴذϳ

ϿһԱߵ䣬˵ȰѶźãϴɣһܲ

šշǳˬشӦˣӻ֣ȥء

ϻط䣬ϴģ㴩һ¶Сģɵг͹ȥøڵš

մŵʱŴëϴͷ

յϣƺһ£Ȼذغš

ʮֻ谵ƺѵƶˣֻвǱߵȼ˼

ϱֳе£׹ڵʲô

հƵߵʱϵﻹë

߽Ժڿϵʲô

һֻ;µĵ⣬ʦ÷ɫڵŵõ壬Χ*żСԣһֻװŶдСӡ

Ž̨ȼůƵ⣬˲Ŀռ䣬ӳճܰ

ϴǰһУԼǴʲôѶϢ𣬻˵ʲôգ

ţպȻյĸǰ˫Цеͷϡ

˽ڿ֣ȸԾ˵

ϣ

˽ڣ

쾹Ȼ˽ڣ̫æˣһֱڽĿ棬Ҳû֣֪˽Ѿˡ

ʲôû׼

Źվ׼һУЩ飬⡢ﶼˣԼһʾûУ˵ùȥ

ǰһΣһεķɫõ廨͸ϡ

ϦŶ
ϹЦҲǣ·һ֡

İëһ˿

գллһ£̽Žͣң⼸һֱڽĿ飬ûע⵽˽ڣԣûǰ׼Բ𡣡

۵Цݲ䣬ûϵ׼ľϲ֪˽˽ڣͲϲˡ
˵꣬Ƥͷ

һֱչΪ׼飬һΣԼ׼ûǰ뵽Ķúгɾ͸С

հѻϻôӻѽѵϲ𣿡

ôܲϲֻǣ̫ϲˣûӦ

˵ţɿİë˫ֽӹǰķɫõ廨

лл㣬գһ˽ڵﲹġ
˵

šصصͷһҪĽգһǻڴ͵Ŷ

˼գգۡ

һĵһ˽ڡ

šɫŻֽս·ﱧǹյ

ϣԵ⡣

ڲкСĵпֻʢŵĵ⡣

Ͽ첽߹ȥĻСĵķڲһߡ

ɡҪȥӹе

ҿԵġղег鵰⡣

ϸϽóֽȥӵ⡣

һһ鵰⣬ԣЦúܿģϣ

ó𣿡

óԣ𡣡صͷ
ֻһͷûˡ

ϻըýִļгᣬСɵĵģӣ۽

һſԲӣң۽ƣִ࣬һ΢ᡣ

ذ׵ָһöӣңŵߡ

ſڳ˽ȥ

Ц۾ϳԶӺÿɰ

ӣﺬһ£Ȼҧ

Ҿɰ˵һֹϲʹ

˿˿ЦţֻŶдľСС
Ǹ˽

лл˫ֽӹСУһᡣ

򿪿Ա˵

šᳶɺϵĶд𿪰װֽһֻķεֽС

򿪺иǣ㿴һеɿ

գAPP϶ģҲϤߵĵ̣Ҳʵɿ꣬ϣ㲻ɣ

Ͽɿ΢΢Ȼᣬ͵ģҶϲ

Цһ£ҧӣɫĴ꣬ԥһ£ǹС

ʵһ꣬Ҳɿ



70 /
̵˵,ԼĿ⣬˺졣

͸ģ˭֪ڶͲѧУˡ

Ź̹ϵĻ,ϵһ𺳡

ԭ,겻ԼһԸ

ٸһʱ,ǲǻвһķչ

ϻ,ãָֽ

е飬վᷢ,һġ

Ҳǡ˵

ʲôɻ

ϣһɿϧû͸㡣

˲ӹǴȥ¼ʳĿֳһʮ־µɿ,ȫŵۣ˵,ʱ,Ϊĳ˱⣬ȥѧġ

յ΢΢,,ѧɿΪԼס

߽,ߣǣ֡

꣬Ҳ,ϲ𣿡

,Ӧǵġ

ϵͷŹ,ĿˮҪС

ҲЩ,ոһƬƣ΢΢ż⣬۾

ӣϵĺ촽

ϽɿСĵطڲϣ˫ֱ˹ա

谵Ļɫ˵ѸϵҲȡ

Ͽ˶յͬңеɡû

ˣỬţ̼˰ϧ֡

ǴӲԣƵ󴲱ߡ

սһ˾Ƶϡ

ȴĶţȴ˳ӡ

ЩƲסԼس磬֮ȼմ룬ڼһ֮ʣס֡

ϵĹʾ̰ɫļӡϵĺۼӻˣɫ次

ŬƽԱߵıӣڹϡ

ǸաһԼϵңϢҵ˵úϢһȥˡ

ĲϣҲǵɢżöӡžˣ첽߻Լ䣬ֱԡ

̫ˣȫȣƻ𣬱ϴˮһ¡

һߣϹ뿪ڴһᣬӵű

עŲϲ΢Ļ⣬ң޹ġ

ղѾ׼չҲƿϡ

ǣȴͷͣ

ЩǲǶԼûôϲôǸʱסԼ֮ǰһУƻҪڻˡ

һҹߣ𴲣𳤷ˡ

ſڵĵϣһͷʢŵʻӨ¶׺ڽ۵Ļϣ½ɢŷҷ

ʰϵĻڱǶᣬ˵ϴ˼еĳҲɢ

΢΢һĨЦ⣬Żطڣڲϡ

һɨȻ뿪ʱûаɫõ廨ߣɿҲڲϷš

ߵ˴æЩˣǣԼ͵

ڲǰһֱ绰

Сƴʲô࣬Сࡢࡢٹࡢͷ࣬ܶѡ񣬹˵һС࣬͹Ҷˡ

Ȼûʲôʳζѵһ˿΢΢ɬ⡣

صƬϷķӺһƽȣ̨һֲ©һѾҲͣľżԺôһ㡣

ֵߣһƯ΢ﲻУҲܿ

һ춼ϵϷĵЩۣھͷģܻǳеʱ⣬żУ΢΢ͷһЦò롣

ѧУëһ˶£ģ磬ƮݵĳĶ߸

˽ڵɿȴԽ˾ʱ͵ϡ

ѾûôҪɿֻСӵϷ˵˭ںһ洦ɼɿ

ϣûôչϢ

Сû뵽ôҪȥ淹ݸմսסˡ

գչ磬ôˣԼȥԣȥһ°ɣˡ

࣬ӦġСЩܳǣߺãʱҡ

šûʲôҪģñӺֻˡ

ڻױжױݣϷѾҲա

ܺȥˡܱߵĹԱϱ档

ţҲ߰ɡ

ϵʱϺȻʿӣʲô鱦Ʒ𣿡

㶣֪ͻȻҪӡУǰϺһ䡣

ӰǼ鱦λøԺϾ˦һˡ

ǣ㣬ûأһɶ

·Īشһ磬ԸؾƵȥˡ

ܵǼ鱦꣬תһȦڰڷĹ̨ǰͣ¿һᡣ

ôʽͨϾɣƿɳ£Ժпգһ͸ա

ڱƷЩﵹһģų̀ǰСȡ

Ϊ£ϸϸǶУԣǰһ

϶һᣬݸС㡣

Ҫ鷳

˵ţȡһźɫŵ̨ϡ

СϲؽӹڿתȥˣȻÿ۸ƫ󣬾˽ڣڹ̨ʽ벻˽ڹĵڶȴȥˡ

Ƭ֮С˫ֽװõźڿһ𽻸ϡ

ȥ·ϣӵӵĵ绰ȥ

ϿƷӣԼ԰ɣһ¡

ʲôѽ𣿡

תһ룬Ϻ͹֮ǣĹϵȻˡ

֪ˣ㣬ҪȥˣڵķӾûˡ

Цһˡ

ƶ죬ôˣҲѧԼҷˣְнˣԼ

ӣǵᣬڿˣƬ˼һý㡣

ϣŶţ˰ĿӴ㣬ԼԼȥɡ

ӣʲô㣬˼һˮĿɰС㣡

ãɰС㣬ټϺЦӵ绰ﴫȻ͹Ҷˡ

ӶֻһڣɫĳŮˡ

ˣֲǵһʶһʶԺƬҪϰˡ

Ȼһ˷ʣµʱ·úܳܿա

һеˡ

գܻԺҲߣȥ극ҪȥԼµľƵ꣬ȥ

ھƵ귿˲پƣر飬Щֱ

ʱȴƬһ벻ԼǰһΪﵭ˵űǸſӣĶһ¡

˾ﻹкܶ䴦ϻȥֻʣ¿һǸ

ϻصƵֱ꣬ȥùյš

˺һᣬղţõɹղڷ

ǰʱ֣ϼ죬յķûпƣõɫϼ䣬׺һ컹ɫʡ

աؿĺӵݳȥ˽ϣϲ

մһ£Ŀ⻺ƵκϣЩ⡣

΢΢һЦһִֻ򿪺ӣǶں˿ϣӳŷϼ⣬ĿĹʡ

Ҹղȥ˵㡣

ϵڹն˵ĵûʲôõΣֻۣԺõġ

նؿûзӦ

κе΢һ£ʣϲ𣿡

ձϵĹâһ۾عϲ

ϴЦҰϰɣ

áԼ֡

ȡذϵڹϸϡ

ܺÿЦ̾

մ˫ķˣʲôУҲеİ⡣

ЩգЩã

ǰģ֪ʲôʱʼ֮Щ֡

϶һĺãֻǣҪһʱȴͣˣ˫۾ƺһЩů⡣

䴽΢Цлл

ǣ֣һȥ㻹ûг԰ɣ

ûСҡҡͷߡ

ϸմ㶵һ˫īڴ˵ݵʱ򣬰īˡ

ŹգʣҪȥһī𣿡

áƽ˵Ҳǣûʶҡ

򴽣˵ʲôջʲôû˵

ӰӻأԱǱضǣҶ߲ˣӦҲûʲô⡣

һԵģϵĶǹϲĲˡ

ԵһʱϽ˸绰ߵȥʮӣٻѾԱˡ

ֻǸ˵˼գղе£̸þһ㡣

һŸɾֽ˲ͣûϵֻǸպóԱˡ

ƺЩεӣ˵ϣԣûԶٶء

˵ţԱߵһ֭غȡ

ţգ欵ĺ촽һֳ˵ķ顣

յƺһ£ĹĵģǵĿЩƵġ

ҲûһֱǨҡ
մűƳγεĹ֭

Цһôɰ˭ί

΢죬ͷССڵغŹ֭

һᣬҲԱˣԶȽϿ죬Ȼֻ˼ӣʣµʳѾ롣

߰ɡվߵԱߣ֡

տס֣վ

գղʱ·һ̲꣬ͦõģҪȥһ𣿡Ͻˣ͹һ߳һʡ

ֵϳ࣬ߵ鷢

ķĵ׵ķƣҲһᣬ˵ãһȥȡ

ҹĽֵ࣬·Զȥ

ϴīҹĽֵϣԵЩͻأ

ԱƼĵطڴȻִīֵˣЩˡ

οϵԽעĿ

Ǿĵط󲿷ֵ߶ۼϡ

˾ֻ¼Ƭ

һС·Ͼ̫ԾϳԼְִ

յһϲģҪǰƬϴ磬һԱȣͻϳ

̧·һ⳵ţԹ˵
̫ܲ㣬Ȼȥ

ղ̫ΪʲôͻȻı⣬Ҫȥ̲꣬һС·Ҫȥˡ

ǹ˳ӣδԷԣ˳ӵ⳵

ϣĬĬϵĲīסĴ󲿷ݣ顣

պȻãԼƺ׽͸ϵ˼ڣϵ鿴ȥЩ䣬ƽʱҪôǲõЦţҪô欵Цš

һ˲䣬վʮİԼеǸˣǣʮֵԼİϤ



71 /ĥ
⳵ܿصƵſ,³ϴŹսŲҴҵ߽ȥ

ֻ,ʣΪʲôͻȻŻ

ûʲô,ЦЦӦûвټ,㡣

Ҳ¡,ȴʮƶ˵

һ£Ÿպô,˳ȥ

㲻£עһȽϺá

̧յͷݸһЦ

ϳڿһµĺӡ

յ,ûطơ

˷ǰϿ,ˢƿԼš

պ,Ѿܾûķﶺˣ

ǰ˵Ҫһһ̨,ܼǵס,,Ҳܼǵһֲ©

պϷţߵߣ,΢΢

Ҳ,Ũʱ,޲ʱճһ𣬷ֿһͱм尾,ȴԺȴںֿ˶졣

Ϧ˽ڹӹ÷ɿ죬ת۱㵽＾ϵѾʼҳƷ±ĺ

յĵӾҲ˴룬һϸʺ

Ԣⶼʺⲿ硣

ϵĸϢһȥ㷺Ĺע

˼һЩеľʻϳϾٲҹѣתư

ϲμӵսĿҲӽβڽĿջ޴󣬳ȹ̳ĵλ

΢˿ﵽ˵ǧһĳɼʱգ˿ҲΪ档

¼һֽĿʱڳɫı֣ƾʵժµĸڡ

ķ˿ǻȸԾҲһƬףغʢޡ

ϾǰʮڵĽĿбʮ㣬Ӯ˴ڵĺøкõĿڱùҲˮɵ顣

ֽĿʽɱ֮ϾȫͶƬرҲˡ

Ůһ÷СˣΪѡ˲ͬķչշֵ𣬸ǰ̡

ǰһĻĳ㱾ãҲԼϵδ

һ㹤Ϻһȥ

˶ԴѾϰΪ˵ĴԣҲھڲˡ

Ǻ͵ݣھﴦŴţ˸飬Ǻƽ飬ǱһֱȦ﹫ܡ

װһȾˣǼٵģοֳһȻ̤۷ġ

󲿷˶ΪںǰʹϹյĹϵˡ

ֻЩʱֻھû˭Ĵյš

ûв͸ǽǳ˫ԵĴˣҲᱻСĵƬ

ͬеĺһŵϣһƬȻ

ⲻǶλɽܲù

ˣҲǱɡ

˵ʲôأŮʵֵҪʹϵǲϹ£˼һžǱһСˡ

¥ϵģǳô򵥣㿴Ƭǣˡ

ϵĳԹȺںϵķ˿ѣѷѽ⣬յݵ¾硶ഺδѾԶ֪š

֮ǰΪϵľպѾúܶ˿ʼڴഺⲿ磬ڸ˲֪˲

ҲǳòС

Ҫϳǰֳյţ֪ȣеӰ죬̳󣬷ͷһʱ

ڹֳţǰܻƻ

ϵСϢ÷ɿ죬Ѿ˴ഺĹԱ˵Ϻ͹һԷһؾƵ꣬ǵķھƵ궥㣬Űţɶû֪

˼ĻԹȺȤܿ촫硣

һ˵ϼǰѾˣճ꣬ͻȻҪ¾磬Ϊϡ

˵˵ţϼֽĿҲǺĻ

ЩҥԴбۣϵķ˿άԼżڸڸϵۡ

οƬΪ֤

һνͷ˼⣬һСľͻΣٲľء

Ϊˣȴû˼ȥЩ¡

Ϊպˡ

ϵҥԣϺ͹ղԷΪͣ͵Ƶ귿ԡ

þƵͷһƿ˵ҪϺһ顣

ϲźһվԹԵصһһ߹ȥľƿʱѾ

ҵľƿ

˫糺죬ʪĴۣصϡ

ѾȺܶˣ˺òãϰѾƿص󣬸غŹա

۵촽ܲ˵˵ʲôҪܣԷҪܣȾҲҪܡ

ŽɰĿߣЩЦãӺ㲻ѾҲźһˡ

ߣŤͷҺȾƣǻˡ

ϰѾƿŵһߵĽ߻Źգ˵ðɣҴˣҪôԭأ

һûӦһúתͷԼǰӵϡ

Ҫס

ͣݵֱ۲ϵĲϡ

һʱˣŴһ͡

һ˲

§ϵĲӣյϵǰͷŶͷĽëһ

Ҫ㡣

Ⱦɢ˵ṴβϵĹġ

ϲͷڹһ£Ȼֱӡ

ĶҲŽţֱɲĲӡ

·ճˡ

϶ô˵ĹʮΣѾˡ

Ųǣչϵطϣϻϲɫ

㶼ҡ

ϴŹգŴ

պԺôô󵨣ʵмܡ

ϲһᣬҡҡλεվֱӣջزϲϵֱۡ

ҪһȻһճסˡ

ϣ

ղ֪·ȵƫҪߡ

һֱߵ󴲱ߡ

գСĵ㣬ˤˡ

ղۿŽŵһ£ҪˣȴƵڴ˳ˤϡ

ϣ

պԺȻôţҪ

ֻСèһſϣʵؿ

ϣǲңմſǻԹʡ

ϣ

ôء

գҲƯ𣿡

ϣȻǣƯŮӡ

ҧŴʵ֪ҲԸУû

ϣ

е㲻׹յﵽʲô

ÿ춼õܲˡ

ҲŲţҧһͣƭˣҡ

ҡûаɡЩ˵ˣѹϣżض£ĥĥأûȣҪˡ

һùȥˣҪС

˫ֻϹյĺջλá

ɰˣ᲻ÿᡣ

۽һǣ촽ƵеĶ⣬
ߵͳȻ˵ҲҪ㣬ǣˣұ˯òã

վͷֱϷһתڴЩͷԣϺڶΧģ巢

ٶ۵գգۣ˿ϣȻͱ۾

ϱһֱ˯ˣ

ϵľ·ҲѬˣԴһţֻŹĴУȵܡ

ش˼СĵظոǺñÿյ¶ȡ

֮ǰƿơ

ԺҲùպĥˡ

ص˯žһʼ

һѻѹĹ룬˳һԤͼҲһ

Ƹ巢˾Ʋ䣬LCOרƵĶֻʣˡ

ʱ䣬˷ֹ˾ĵַŵҲѡַѾߺͬ򣬰ݸ¾ɱϻȥµ꿪ŵʱ

ϰźù˾飬ȴѹûŵô

ӵΪ˯ţһ绰취

ڵ绰ͷЦЦ˵µŽ

ӣľˣ

䣺

һ£Ŀڣ˴˽֮߾һˣҲŽһŽ˭

ĬһᣬЩ˾ٲᷢһ棬ǵ飬ǣܣ˾Թۡ

һǾͺá

˶ĳ壬Ƭ͸˵ˣһӣ˾ˣһ취ûУ쳤ͷˡ

ʧһҹ䣬Ҳһ䵭ӡ

ǹ˾*ˣһߣֿȵϸ˾ϰֳţӰɴС飬ǹ˾ҵΧڵһ£ȴһ˵Ƶģֻżϻ𣬵˺ܼ඼һĮȻĵԡ

̫ˣ˵ףֻһ򹤵ģײĹ˶Ѱ

ȥƬϵǲƽʱճһ飬Ի۾飬ʵϣ֪˵ЩʲôʱʱأŶ˵ĻȻζ͵Ц

񾭳ٶ۵ĶƳԾοЩ˾

ǵھﴫòˣĵƬҲǳ¡

Ҳ֪ôģô£ûһճƬϷҲʲôʾ

ЩǣһһһĶ¡

ӰŴһȣСͣĲɵسš

һԴģϵ飬ֻǵľƿӣ鶼벻ˣ֪ԼЩʲôͿ¡

žƾһأϹʱ·úúõģ˯ʱѹĺۼһҶûС

Ӧûɹ

֪ЩɥʾʾöˣҪؽžϹһ𣬵ȴΪ

ڻ϶ԼûʲôоȻôԼŮһ嶯ûС

ȻΪʲôҪʼأ˵ģΪĹϵҪԴ

츳ˣ綼ŹʵģֻڱһѣϾƾʵ̳

ⲿ¾磬ʵѾû̫ãһʼȷʵһ磬ϣ¾绹δɱ࣬Ѿϣ񷴶ⲿմϵĹ⣬δȺ졣

ӳһ

ⲿ罫ݵһƷ

Ѿȷظ˵ⲿӾԺ󣬾Ҫȥϼŵܹ˾æϤּҵ

Էҵʱ䣬Ѿˡ

һĿǣϻصƵúõظ̸һ̸

ϣεʲô뷨

ǶֵĹٲһݹ棬պ֮䣬ֻͨ˾˵ĹϵûдôӣϣҲҪȽ

ϵȻǵĹϵ۵Ȼ죬ȴҲûиʵݿֹ֤ϵ

أŵȥԹȺҲûôͷˡ

Ͼ˺ǷǶ࣬ʱ䲻ȴ١

רгйصš

һǣϺӫĻCP
ǣ谮С
ǣھīñŮԼᣬ
ǣϺ͹ǣֹ֡

ڶϵſĵеˣκ͹մ飬Ƕֵĳ֮Ҳһû̫༤ҵķӦ

϶űûʲô뷨οڽȥˡ

ɳϺԼݵ裬µش鲻̫⣬ܿͻȥġ

һνһǰο

˵̫⣬һɬɬĸоͷ

˵ϾţԷһʽ֮Ĺϵ

϶еᷳˣҲ԰뿪ٴš

ǣ˲˵֮飬ȴտģܵý

ȻЩ£ʧȥԺҲץסʧС

죬绰գ˵ЦϵСΪǵŽŵһҹû˯

رչССͬס飬Ҳ˵ģ˵С

һ˵ⱲӴҪĻ

ϣȥԺһס𣿡



72 ճ/һ
˵,ֱ޹ģĶĤҪˡ

ӾβʣһЩھͷ,ȻȥԺ,Ӱߵʱ䲻ˡ

ĻںȲĶͣס,Ų豭,Ťͷ

ȻոһҲû,ͬǹġ

ϿȵˣҪιϵֺܳһʱ֮,ܸһȣοͬΪ

˺ܾ,ЩԼղǲˡ

,ϵĳɣڹյȴ·ǳĬܡ

˫ֽץȹ,ԱߵĲ輸,װɵ˵Ҿ˵˵ҲûʲôҪ,ˡ

ðϿ˵

̧ͷ㶵ؿϣôͻȻִӦˡ

ݸһЦվ,ߵǰ,˫,ˮؿ۾

Һܸˣ,Ϊ㻹Ҫܾòҡ

ϣ΢΢૵˵㲻ҷ𣿡

ʧЦôأҺ޲ճһ𣬶ңҵôɰﷳˣ

΢졣

ҪǲԸ⣬͵ҸղŵĻû˵ɣҪǿͷӬ˵

ղһʱѪͷڶĻڻ־úܶ

ô᲻ԸأգϵͷֱһǣΪ֣ص˵

յһƬ˾ƣӣ˵ؿ

ϵͷ۾һ¡

ϣϲ㣬ġձס˽Ļ

ۻ°῿ļϣ˵Ҳǡ

*
ƬæβĹഺȫԱںƺƵ̤Ϸ̡

ǰһЩӣҪʣкһϵе顣

һҪ߰ײҪĴȽ϶࣬ϼȻӦ˹գЩȻҪΪһ·ɻ͸ȥˡ

ΪͻеЧֲݼĲ㣬ԼӱȽ϶࣬жʮ׵ȥɸѡ

һæһ춼û뿪ңҲ۵żûա

ҲٴеС£һ᲻ճ˵ýճղŲš

չͬӣõϵӦŵ֮󣬱Ҳ

飬ѾõöᣬԺǲߴٹϣҪϵֻӦԼģᷳԼ

պһϣͻȻ绰ﺬЦʣϴ˵»𣿡

㶵ģʲô£

ϣҪȥ㿩

յȻͨͨͣ³֣ѽ

ҪҴ˲ٶ

ӵ绰ﴫƻŹյ

գ

ϣͣ

ռسţ˵˸һ㡣

ϵĺɫܳͣڵݿڸգӳڹۣ߰ͣϵĶ£Ķ¶һݵСˣһ׸ⶼûС

մӽӵϵĵ绰ֱڣ໹ͨͨţȡߣĪͺˡ

ѽաϷվڼֱ㶵ؿԼ֪ʲô

տ첽ߵߣӹһֻεֽУһʳк̲衣

µķ˿Լӳϳֻص䣬غóţԹ¶һõЦݡ

е࣬һˡ

ҡҡͷûϵЩһ㶼ء

ֻЩԺԲơ

ҰһֻӰɡտ䣬˵

ˣԼƾͿԡ

ֻ䣬ԼϵĴӣ͹һ߽ݡ

ҵĶңÿȥֻŵӲװ¡

ϵͷߵĹգĿ͵ů⡣

ҲԽȥæġС˵΢ɫЩߡ

üŵĶЦڲǽæ𡣡

Щء

Ϊϴû˵ϣʲôϣӵĵ绰շǳ⣬ҲЩţԼ

صհĶŵĲ輸ϣתкϹȴ䣬ֱȥ

գĸķ䡣

յӳԼ⣬⻹еķ䣬Сһķ鷿ʣǿͷ

ͬӵʱûôסĸ⣬ǱʶͷѡһȽϺõġ

ǣһҪķ䣬ùЩ޴롣

ӲͷƤ߹ȥȥԼķ䡣

ķǿռԣһסЩˣ˸ոպá

ϴһȦķ䣬Ƶһš

ҵĶʰɣȳȥԶ

һЩСԣһֻݮ⣬ǹϲĿζ

˽ڵʱϷֹͦϲԵ⣬һֻףʽͬӵĵһ졣

տŷֻ䣬һ¿ˮȻԼͬʱû˼Ժ顣

£Ȼͬסзַӵĵ

뵽ҪͬޣŵòУķչƺ̫Щһ׼ûС

Ѿߵ輸ߣѵӴ򿪡

գֻݮ⿴ܺóԵӣϲϲ

һԶгԲĶ

տŰ輸ʳŵصõĳֻ⣬һɳϣһ߳Զһ졣

ò˵ЩϲСؼȵųԣԵĸоǲһġ

ܰľӼ̤ʵС

չ˶ʮƽˮӣǵһ߽ˡ

⼸̫ҪˣæڲŹգ㲻ҵɣ

ŵǵ̲裬ͷŹա

͵ĵƹ£ղʩˮܽأһֽ۵乴

ϵ΢΢Щ롣

ûѽһĵ⣬̧ͷϡ

۵ĴմһĨɫ͡

̧ỮĴȥĨ͡

ĴУָġ

Եһ£Щ˼ת

ϿԼָͣҲһᡣ

ڵպȻЩΡ

⵽ԽӲգЩʲôֲ̫гգ뵽ͬԺ飬ֽŵ˵ˡ

֮ǰھƵﻹ⹴ϣȫѵ£΢һòУû취

ֲûŤ׺ߵӣϴҲûʲôȤ

ϣҡתͷϣģֹ

飬˵عЦЦ

ôˣա

ҧŴһ£ϣͷϵһ¡

ͻȻЩ⣬ûӦڼϵĹʣ
ϣҺȤ𣿡

һʲôҲǿĵģôȤأ

סյ֣һ£ϸˮƽȾ͹ˣҪ̫ྪĶǺҵ顣

šӦһҡ

ѵù˵һΣûо飬Իš

ʱϵĵ绰ͻȻ

ֻһۣվߵȥӵ绰

տվԶ绰ӰҧҧղŵձϣЩҲ˵ˡ

ϸ˵һ绰ڳԶҲû룬Աߣ§һᡣ

ʱ䲻ˣҪȥϴ˯˰ɣ

͵͵ڶ𣬴һ˿ġ

նĲС

һǽϵĹӣڵʱϾŵʮ֣һʮ˯ˡ

šĶΪһֱԣеˡ

һ£ȥϴɣϴ

ȥԡϴʱ߽ԣҳʼǱԣֵϣڷźñʼǱʼʼ

ϴ㿴ڲ߿ԡ

ϣ鷿ƽʱãá

ûϵ϶Цһ£ʼǱռطﶼУܷġ

򴽣ֵϴˡ

ţ˯ɡϿűʼǱĻû̧ͷһ˯ñȽ

һ˵˻ʧ䣬˵һתطȥˡ

űص˯£ڴһ࣬۾˯˺ܾûû˯ţѾʮһˣĵƻţƺûд˯

ӣſ͸⣬еڴϿ㿴Ķ˯ͬʱе㺦̫

ԴģģԺ˯ˡ

ϱֻӳѣԺۣȻԼԱߡ

³ͷһֱ۴Ķϡ

չ˺ܾòŷӦϰԼһסˡ

˯ģ뵽ϴžԼ˯ģﲻһ£ůůġ

Լ̫ˣͬҲһҪ¡

һɵЦ⣬Ȼ뵽ԼӦ׼һЩ͡

СĵÿѹԼƤϵ֣ŵ𴲳ȥ

ıеգԼͶǹǸġ

ڱֻһ棬һЩˮ

ɾû뷨

гܵϰߣñȽ磬ڻʱ䣬ȥ͡

͵סСеԶ·ȥһЩʱ䣬صҵʱѾˡ

ϸϴԡҳĶ߳ȥŶߵߡ

գΪȥϰˡ

ϼƺЩˣϸԵе˵ᣬһ΢ı

ߵߣӺ滷ס°͸ڹյļϣһһȡڲϡ

ôôණ
Ŷ˵Ĺƻ

Ŷ͵Ҳ֪ϲʲô԰ѲͬĶһݡ

ЦҪ˼͵ؼô࣬ôģ𣿡

˵ţסյ֣Щ۵ࡣ

Ժִػˡ

΢΢죬С˵ʵҲǺء

ôң

𴲵Щճˣаϣĺ촽յĲӰúܽ˵ʱһЩŪģֲö㿪



73 /
˯̫,û˯յͷϸ˵

룬ڵҲǺ,һ˯ˡ

һ࣡վȵתͷ,⻹𣿡

ҹèӣ,ûá
΢΢ƤĽëſ,ؿŹա

Ǳýһתͷ,촽촽

պͣסˣ

ϵĺ촽΢΢ǰյĴ,һ֡

㡣

̾Ϣһֱ,ջػڹϵ֡

Űӵ,̾ʢҾͲŶ

Աߵ,,һһƿһһڵؿС

ܹ,غһߵϵĶ¡

տһеøˣʣϲ𣿡

šЦǰʱرϲ,Ӷ,ȥⶼûԹˡ

ĬĬ,ֿ˿ըýִ̲סϻ,ӪʦӦòͬ㾭ɡ

Ϊʢ̳ϵɤȻҪص㱣ģ˾һֱרŵӪʦһͣϷܾûгԹӪˣ¡

ڹӪʦЩζӪͣ󲿷߲ˮƬټ

ֱèˣһصܲˣÿ϶ҪȥҹӲ͡

Ĭһ˲ЦȻӪʦϻʳżһҲûġ

šյͷ̫ӪʦⷽҪ󣬵ô˵ˣˡ

ϣٳԵģûʲôӪ

Ƭ࣬ӡ

šϺܿƬƵǰԼӼнӳԡ

θ̫ãϳԵůθʡ

šƬＸԣѾϰˣҳһʱ䣬θȻһЩ

ͣϰʣµʳŽʰò͹һš

˵ͣԿȥ

ͬһһϰ̫ˣҲ㣬ԿãϻҪ·ȥԢǱ߽ӿӡ

ϳһֱϿʣ㣬𣿡

ԣϴߵЦˡ

СϹ˵ʲô

ĬĬһ£ϳŮǱߵЦһֱţŲһġ

䵭ꡢ߻ˣûĵԣһĶеˡ

ȻôŮ˶Ҫ

Űȥһϣ˸Ƶġ

ӣ㣬ͬǲǺҸ

ϣϻ⻹˵𡣡

ӷ˸ۡ

㣬һڼеį䡣

ǰһסʱȻūۣʱʱرѵһ٣˳ֵӹҲ죬ҳԷʱи飬θڶһЩ

ֺܴ󷽣ڳԵķίÿζܶóԵģѿԲԲ

ϰߣȻ⻹ڽʣ¿һˣ̫ԣͣպųһݿ;ˡ

ϴӺӾһۣСҪѧ󰡣㲻һӡ

ӣ

Ȼ϶Ƹиʲôӳˡ

ҪôſѵˣҪô䳰ȷ˸в

ˣӿغαϣֹһ˻ء

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һ߿һ˵ݵ̫Լȥˣ

㣬Ͳ˵û𣡡
еܲԼۣŹܴ˹ӣתͷˮһ㶼ûźõġ

侲طԺ˵û㡣

Ӳ޵عӣҲǺܲϾһ쵽˵ϾҪƵġ

ֻݹٷŻ𣬲յƣߡ

ҲͬȥɣС棬ˡ

ʲô㻹ͬӣǵӷˣʲôûŪףѧ˼ͬǰɣ̲ס

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㣡һںϣҲʲȥ

Ҹ㲻һ

ﲻһˣܵҪǱ˷֣ȥҶûаô
ǻսһʮ㡣

һҵ飬һᴦã㲻õģǣûôãһʱͷԼĶ͸ֵá

ӣֲֵֵ˵㡣

ϣ֮㲻ܸͬӣҪǲҵģԺ£Ҷˡ

ӳĬһ󣬸ܾͲܣ˹ܣﻹ˼ܱˡ

òᣬһŭڵػص˾һñ仹ˡ

˾˿ֿûԴĿӣڰﴫϸСֱŤˡ

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ޱ꣬˵Щ˶еû¸һ쵽Ǵġ

湤˳Ĵԣ䷢˻æһעġ

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֪ǰһֱһסģհȥԼͬӣһ͸ֱŤˣɵЩ

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ϿԿ˯ǲҲһֻرܡ

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ЩĲɣʣһŴ𣺡ҲǺܶɣʲôԡ

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ţ

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С֮ģ

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ֻô˵䣬˵ˣ˵䲻þС֮ĶȾ֮գһ䶼硣

ϵЦݽɫЩ䡣

ϵһڹǰĿһϣӳϸϸܵʹ

Ҳ˼ͼһ£ÿǧãҲһܺúܿɿˣҺ乲ôãΪˣҺ

ֻ֪Թյ˼ڹǰȻõģǶԱ˾δˡ

һ˵ܺãǣԱδغá

ȴ⻰Щǿʶ㶼˵ͿһˣǼȻֹϵôԿӲأƫ

ңõŶƫ϶ʱЩ֪ôӿʼ֪ƽʱھưô𣿡

յĻһ£ȻһڵشſӴİ칫󳳴֣ԭưѿ˯ˣȴ˵ǿӾĲҪѿӸߡ

һΣ*˾˾Ѿڰԣ˵϶Կӵرġ

ϼղ˵һƽ˵գ֪ǼµģԴӣ˵ôܲء

ԣҲͷ𣿡պȻƽ˵

Ȼᣬȴصϵͷ

ҡգô룿

ձ˱ۣϣҼһӰͿӵĹϵǣ㻹ǰȥɡ

ŹյĻϾȫ޷뷨

ҸӵĹϵһסܵӰ졣

ŴҪ˵ʲôȻһ§

գҪٺ˼˺𣬾һң˶ûйϵûܹҵľԣԶһЩòã

ϰ˵ţ棬Ҫģ˶ܸȡ

ŶĻů͵ĻȻ۽һỨ

Ϊ϶ûʧҵಶ׽Ӱ飬ҲˣҲԼΪʲôôƸС

ϣ㡣

հԴϵĻƵ˵ҲãҲӦΪ㳳ܡ

ûϵҵıԶǶԵġŹյĺ󱳣ذο

ʱűƿԱŲͳˡ

մϵĻ˳ֲ̧˲۽ǡ

Ͽ۽ϵỨҲɬɬģϧ

ȵԱںọ̀˳¹غԺϵͷ׹۽ǵۡ

ԺҪԼһ룬òãֻҪ֪㣬͹ˡ

šڶһһرףģеĲƽһ㣬¶Цݡ

ϿЦݣһҲЦˡ

û뵽ôûаȫУǰԼˡ

˵öԣ͹һԺҲݲ±ˣﻹж˼ȥܱ˵¡

Ե޹ʵΪͿӵº͹ôãֵ̫ˡ

ֻϣԼܹģ۵ģñκ鷳š



74 /Դ
ԴϺ͹հѻ˵Ժ,ദǢˣͰع˼죬һ,ϻعԢö,ֿӷĶѾˡ

ص˾ѿ¥ݼһ,Ȼȥҡ

ϵһ,ſӣȴ޻˵

պͺԺ,;Ҳܱ˵ˣҲӦһ,͵ǿڹյϡ

ˣԼΪ֮ɡ

˵,һѿӵļ,¼ǵҽ㣬Լ벻

šصصһԴ,۾Щʪ

,䲻֪˵ѾȥռˣһԷʱ,пӰѶȥҡ

ҡҡͷʶҪܾ

ȴ˵ںһ𣬸ͬʲôֱ,϶,˵,ϲܻعԢȥҼ˯

⻰˵úе,ӾȻҲĻ

Ȼ󣬾ʹȥԢʰԼߡ

úദɡӵԴЦ˵

һġӴú棬˭ܿóľġ

ϻؼңϸ˵£վúܾȡ

ҾԿģô꣬Ҵδ˵κͬӣ㽻ŮѣҲûгһݵġ

Ըɣ̾Ҳϣܺúõġ

ġסϵ̧֣ؿҲúõġ

ͷһ¹յĶͷ

ǻõġ

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ӷƽ˾عţˡഺĲֶһսĿ˵ĿΪǩϣǮ

ҲһʵʳսĿϱϲԺ棬ĿûʲôѹȻǩԼҪǹ˾ڴʱˬشӦˡ

Ҫһǣ⵵Ŀڵأرշֿ

͹ǸŨʱճһ飬

ù˾һЩɵĻǩһڵĻƽĿܹʱ䣬ϻؼұŮѡ

ഺҲ˺ڣһЩ֣õλͿˡ

ʱ򣬹˾Ȼִԣεӿѹѹס

ԭǣĳһ죬Ӻ˶ԷĶ

˫˺ܳһʱ䣬˾˶ϵĶָƣصܿӣ˭ͬ

Ȼһ죬˫ϤĶڿӵĶϣӻȻ֪

䣬׺һ˫ɰӶȫͬƽոķ

оͲСϳϵ˫ǰһڿӵĶϡ

ͬӵĹϵѾȻҡ

Ϻ͹˵飬Щ£벻¶ŵľȻͿӣϲ£ǺȸˣͿأ֪

͹նûдϰߣƷûС

ֻйջһ͵ǾԲôġ

ڹ˾أһڹ˾Ѳ˼Ȧ֮󣬴ԵȥֻǴҶԿӵ̬ȶתˣشк˸óԵģģȥĶΧתС

ӻЩ֣ص˵˾˲֪Ϊʲôر˳ۣϲ档

䵭һۣһû˵

ֹ̬ȣÿӸͷˡ

Ҳû˵ʲôֻǿԺϲٺôˣ𴲴·εʱҲҪ۾㡣

ϣȷʵеˣ˵ܾûȥȾƣ̧һƣһ߿ֲƬһơ

Ͼƾͣģʱܿһ£°ԺǸƹһƿһƿԺָӺΪ

ڻͷۡ

ӸһζӣЩģ˺Ⱦƣƽʱٻ˾ӣϺ͹Լһҹߣ

ǰеգһʱ󣬵Ҳˣǣ˽³ʱ򣬹һڼŮĴ磬˸оر׽

ΪԼһߣҲ˲˼רŴһиߣ꣬ǰ÷Ÿ˵

ĸһ飬ûԶãϾͷ֣յƮ

ſӵ棬ֲ˵ʲôùƿӸ䵹ơ

俪ʼȾˣӾͲƣҪһѳӿȥ

ҲȾƵģʣسԿ

Ӻ͹һᣬֹ˾Щ˶Թյһ㶼ףƽ׽ˡɰһӶûеģ䣬ˡ

ţӶҪϲˡ

ҲһĶԵ˹յϡ

ôɰƯŮӣ˭ϲ

һٿԵ֣պͿӶܸˣԼ´

ϸƴһϾƣȻҲЩˡ

ܾûȹˣƹһսˣһϸɵơƣߵʱЩδ

շСֹϣ̫ˣһҶһϢ

ɿľƿתſڹռͷװ޹

գҺ࣬ͷΣ߲ˡ

ֻԼϣ§߳ȥ

Ҳ߰˰ˣڿϣĵػȥԺ󣬾Ȼоڿӡ

ûôˣɳһ裬Żع˾

һΣûд˿һţ˾˶˵ˡ

ϹҪȥһƻᣬ˵ͦҪģȦǶȥ

ϴιھƻ㱻˴ߵ£ϵڻ£˵ʲôҪһȥ

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գ֮ǰ˵õģԺμκξƻҶҪȥһСĺˣ˴߶֪

ϴε飬ɫЩףҲû˵

գϣֻǵֻᴫʲôЩԶܲ

ϣʲôϴβҲˣ־ƻ˽´鴫ȴõ˵͵Ƭȥ

˵ˣһǶֵĹܣȥһ˾ƻôˣܱ

ǡԼģЩţҴκȥֺʽľƻᣬһˣһú֡

ա΢΢յǰ

ǲԼ飬;˿һͻ᣿

ѩ׵ʱͨͨġ

ңҲǸ˼

ʲô˼΢΢ͷЦ

ܵϽòЩмܲסС˵Ҿе㲻ϰߡ

ƽʱȥֳ϶ֵ͵ҪĺкȵƣٰشһᣬȻ׼뿪ˡ

һȥδ̫עĿ

ˣĸԸˣһȥĶ˦ЩעĿ⡣

ңĵ׻һֲԸڵ뷨̫ϲЩĿ⼯ϵϡ

֮Ǿúܲ

ա侲ǵһԻ˵Ҫ֪־ƻᣬǲܽȥû㵲ƣˣһɵظűߡ

˵ϵѹóģЩΣա

ҡ

˵粵ĻϵĬˣϵȥѡϾƻȹӡ

ϴκ飬ҲЩ£οںһҪķ⣬ϻôԼ

ȥƻ֮ǰտϵȹӣ˶Щ̫á

ϴһڵĳȹһƲĴӰȹӹϣ¶ƬǰСѩ׵Ļߡ

յߺǰؿ˿˵ϣͲܻһׯһȹ𣿡

ھǰױԣӾ̧ա

ׯһ㣿ȹӻׯƽʱ˭ᴩֳȹ

򴽣ѡ͵һġ

ϵͷ˿Լǰ޹ôϣ͵ˡ

վ󣬶źƬչ¶ŵѩףҧ˵¶ʲô˼

ȹĿʽô࣬ܲÿһ¶ôġ

ȴЦ

ǰһͼվԼǰ΢ָ°͡

գǲǲϲ˿ôԸеӣ΢΢ŷ欣ζʡ

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ȻôʾȨҲʡñܵ㡣

ĺ촽˵ضŹա

񣬰ѹտýŵ׷

գҪĲģô͸ңҿˣòã

β΢΢𣬰ѹյƮƮعУصصȥȻ󣬿ʼҵ

ſѹڹմϵ֣ͷһ¡

ʱˣ߰ɡ

תصǰӴ򿪵Ʒȡһʯ

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Ϊ˰ıȥˣܿ˵Ĺ⾰

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⸱С˵ģѹմ̼ͷƤըˡ

֮ǰ˵Թϯƻģڵ˻᳡ȴ⸱ģ˺Ѳᰡ

֮ͥ£ΧͷˣղֱܰӲشϵĻȥ

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Ϲź촽ķɨһȦ

ͬѹ˵ôˣѵҽ𣿡

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ô˵𣿡תͷĿ޹ؿŹա

һģ䴽յĶԣƵ˵

ǣҸıˡ

գ

ϣھãñ֪ǵĹϵҲ

գǡǻᴫŵѽ

һۣҶ£ʲô˵㲻ԸҴţ

ǡյֹ

ֻǣȻе㵣Լ⣬Ϊִý˾ܲãȴˮ¥̨ȵ£Լ˾ֿȵǱˡ

ֻȥͳ˸

ϴδ̫ģҪΪƬ﹤Ƚ棬СǣֻܽƱһιȥ

ǰĳƻ鱾ǱȽݣϻԼ͵ŸߴңǵĹϵ

οĿǰĹ󣬸Լ˾ܲôţǻƻġ

Ϊܲñˣ֪ʷӻ

վûѾԼͷϣˡ



75 Ũ/ۼ
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ŹĴ,ɱ˶಻ʤ

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һ,ϲ֪˶پƣǹյξƲմ,Сһ

ȥʱȻϻ,ŲḡѾ޷Ƶضᡣ

շط,סȵס

,ϺŨŨľ,ڹյĶĥÿɰ

ɫ΢,֪۵ģġ

֡΢΢࿪ͷǲŸ߳Զ,ֵط˿,ֻϻصϡ

ϲ֪ǲǹҪ,ԭؾǲ϶,

ϣԣǻؼң𣿡

ĨһѶϵϸյϵĶߣ

ҲҪϻ˻Դ欵Ĵǣָ̧Լ͡

һڣҾġ

ռֱͷˡ

ʲôʱֲãҪֵطƵ¶ͣȻ߲ܽȴѱ˶Χǽӡ

ֻһʵϡ

հյ֪Ͳˡ

ε¿վ˿ЦȻϽ뿪

ż⣬޺ĴϷɿһ¡

ϵڹϣġ

գ̫ˣûг⡣ϰڰ֣Щ˵

ĺ˿ߣ㹻

˱۾һٴڽĴȥͣü룬ֿ

𣿡
ʣе΢ơ

ˡЦ˫ִŹյļ򣬼ˡ

˿ֻߵԡ

ֱŪջһ㺹

ղҶϹغóźʻ뿪Ƶꡣ

ص׻ԴõͣϼѾ˯ȥ

ַ˺ô󾢣ŰŪݡ

òףڻصվͷһɣȻʶƵ£ѹˤذϡ

գ

ϵǻŨҵľվԼˡ

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ȥԡңϴմϵľϸڸоöˡ

ʪ߻ؿڵذϵϣһͷۡ

߹ȥҧҧȥļ򣬰

һ룬͵طԼϿ̫

޵ĺ촽ġ

ͷһɣˤȥ

մƬ̣Ͻȥȴûôˡ

ղһ£ˤ۾

뿪ϼ䣬յĲְԼϡ

⧲ˤһ£һ̧ͷײ˫İ

ϣˡ

ûлش֪ѻ

ճŵذϵѹȥ

գ

һյǰţȷſңҷ

ûзӦ

΢΢ü⣬ɴսЩǷˡ

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շת䣬ŨҵľѬˡ

ձ׵ӷһʧظй󣬱˵ذϡ

ϹϷ欣ɫĵȹճȻߣˮĳ䣬޵شŹյĲƻ

һ¿ˮƻ񶢵ͷƤ顣

ϣ

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׵Ĵϵָ£Щܲסһ

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ոϴ贩˿˯£һڣɵڻ¶Բѩ׵ļͷ

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ϡ



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Ϊ˲˾˴ԣվȥϰࡣ

ͷеΣֻʣһģģӡ󣬿ղӺͼ򸽽ĺӡһ£˺ܾãҲΣա

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ѵ֪Լ͹ղܣȴ޷Ƶؼϡ

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76 Ѻ/
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˵뷨ʵˣֻһֱûҵʵʱ,õĻ,Ŵҿȵؿǵʱ,˳ӦʱƵع飬ҲǶCP۵һֻӦ

˵,ҪҪлǸ͵Ƭļһѵõǣ͵ĵЧ壬պץס˹һ˲䡣

ϵֻѾƬ

һᣬϴԼ˼лعֹƺһֱû˵

գôˣ

Ϸſ§Źյ֣ͷ˫峺һ˲Ķ

ϵĵ׺һ

գ㲻𣿡

ǡʶطϣԥһ£֧֧˵ҾãڿܲʺϹ

˵Щʱ򣬹һֱͷҿϡ

ʱ䲻޳ɹǣֵףҲֻһţʽǵĹϵ

ԹյݣǱؿģһ㶼ṫ

ԹϺϵĹϵһģʱᷢʲô˵ˡ

֪ԼĿǰԶԶδܴﵽΣҲûʽӹܼ弯ŵʱϹһ⵽ǿҵķԡ

պ¹ָԤֹһ𣬱˹뷨

Щ鲻֪ôϽ͡

кһû˵ܸо֮նȥ

С̧ͷһϣ͸һݵ䡣

ĿһԼ⣬żϣҲǲԸֻٵһȣһӺʵĻᡣ

ţסϹЦһ£ȴ˸ܲ˿Ц⡣

һģա

šմӦţĿһֱϵϴת֪ˡ

Ϸ·˵ƹط·ϴ衣

һֱϴ裬ӭȥ¶һЦݡ

ϣʲô

ϸϵıʼǱԣͣһ¡

ֵеòҪȥɡ

ģ·ûʲô

űʼǱֱ߽鷿

վ鷿ſڣ湤ӣţվһᣬԼȥֻ͡

һϲţǣյһţǣһЩȥĲʽ

ȵԱͲհЩͺһһ򿪣ڲϰںãȥ鷿ϡ

ϣԳˡ

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̧һ۹գɫġ

һһЩҪȳԡ

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΢΢һǳЦ

õģҺܿͻȥġ˵꣬°עڱʼǱĻϡ

յһᣬûҪԼ˼ĬĬ뿪鷿

һ˻صǰĲûʲôʳֻһ㡣

ֵһᣬϻûгձǷţ鷿Ľϡ

ϣȳһ㶫ɣѾˡ

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šտЦݣճʶȤسȥˡ

ʱ䣬϶ǵֵ۵Ȼ죬ڣǻû۳Ϻ͹վϷ飬Ϸǰͺˡ

ǵCPԽԽ࣬˿Ⱥ岻׳󣬾ĿǰûеõκһȷϣҲCPǶƬͲͬ汾ĹѪСԽԽͷ

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ÿϿԿ˯Ϲǰͳˣ˵Ļʮ䡣

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һʵĺõ壬е⣬ţǣһЩġСԡ

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ϢԼЩؼҳ

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մڵĵƣϢʲôʱ

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СűűߣԸսŵЦš

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ķɫ򾲾ȼٻɫĹâ

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ýһ˿˯ȹ,ϸĿʽȻԼġ

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ΪϵʱʱзȦĶȻҲЩһĵϳ˺ܶϣ˰ǳʱͬһѧУͬһУѡ

ݾãϺѩ֮ΪնֵôĹϵζῼѩģſڽԼϡ

Ĵ΢΢ĵؽ͵
ȦͬܺҵȵֻѩˣȻһ࣬ƷȽ٣ǰڻ۵ķ˿㹻Ӵ󣬼Ҳܴϲÿ¶μӸʲôѣҾܺʡ

ݣ

е㿴Լϴ󣬲Ͽǵ׿͸ģȻҲR&LһڹʱƷƵɱӱΪʱȦžصλĹʴơ

ǣҽһݺͬȥѩǱǢ̸
̽ȷϵ

šϵͷͬҪϸЩرҪȷһ㣬Ҫǩǵĺ֮ͬںԼڲٴͬƷƣ߲ص

Ϻһڿȣ˵ߵνΥͬԼʮ⸶

ãˡϵҪ輸ϵıʼǱԣȲĺͬģ޸Ӧϸڡ

ȷһЩҪϿһֻѾŵˣ΢йշϢ

աװģŶӶҵԡ

ϿϢЦⲻعָĻϷɿóһظ

ϡϻϲСԡ

һֱæţȴտʼǰ㳣ճȥɢȸֵСˣϾЩ˹ա

סСȸֲԶȥСԴȥţ˳㻹ȥ̷·̲衣

պܿ쿴Ϣظһ΢Ц顣

һԿһϴЦһػظϢݺݵؿĵˡ

ȻϴӲǰ̸Լ˽£ں͹֮Ҳֵʮֵݴüۼ䲻¶жϣݸһʮӡ

ҲԼûע⵽Ѿݽȥˡ

ϻ˹յϢˣݿ뿪ıӰ̾һ

飬͹һҲ֪ǲǺ¡

R&LӪҵ͹ؼҵľӪгͻ˵ͬһȦеľǿС

ϴ˴λعչбģ˵Եľǹؼҡ

ǣȴĶŮ˾塣

ϴϰƵ̲ؼңչȻܸˣѾӽʮ㣬û˯ڿ￴ӵϻ

Ϻһɳϣ̲裬ζسȸִСԣ۵СӨɰ

ϳЦЦգ˯ñȽ

ԣջͷΪ㣬ˡ

һЦôˣǰˣϲճң

˵ʲôأһ̧һġ

ϵ۾ﱻһСġ

˵˭ˣ峺ӶСѵõذ

Ϻŵģ̲ȥҲµ

ָָԼͣʾǿ˵˻

ˡؿûһ˿һЦ˼

ѾܾûгôĶֻŹϲûԡ

Źû˿и֪ԼС˵ˣֻʵʵذѵĳԵ

Ϊ˸ʣ˼ûʲôζ̲ܰǿĵĳԵ

װģҴˣŲ֣㶼ûУһҪһ֣Ҳҡ

֣˵İĻɹùЦ˳

Ц꣬˵ҪǸ֣Ժͱҳҹڶܡ

ĸѽϰգ§סţǰ̫ˣһƮƮģҿˣòײƤͷӣôܲԶ

ôԣҲûءֲһ䡣

մߵЦͻȻסƮϵǰֹҾûĺá

Ҿϲ㣬ʲôӣֻҪ㣬Ҿϲ

ڹն۵˵ţѹպò˼Ťͷ

ϽȥŹʣװģϲ𣿡

յ˵ͷѩ׵Ϊ߶һĨҷɫ

ȴĵʣҪ׿˵ģգ㲻˼ң㿴˼ô棬ȴϲ˵ˡ

ˮɨһۣò˵ϱȹջԸԭ򣬹ʵ̫һˣҲѧ

ֻҪǲϡ

ϲϲˡӣ۵Ĵ꿪ϼ䣬³ĸס

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ȻѽƺЩ⣬ҺѩֻѣĲ洫˹ϵ

ϣҺѩ֮ж⣬ѡ֧˭

ղ˼شѽ˭װء

ǾͺáϿĵЦˡ

ѩ֮䣬ʲô𣿡սһ䡣

ûѽֻǼѣװģҲʼվ֧㡣
Ͽڹյļϣ˵

š
մӦһԡ

ϿһԶӣɫĴһһģȥʮֿɰζĹһˣҧһڡ

һ¿ˮʣգǸѾ˰ɣ

һ£ʲôͷˡ

ǡ§սһ㣬ϣ𣿡

ʾԵùյʱ͸

СӦˡ

ϼ˫ջػڹϵ֣طϴ衣

նʱû˳Զ˼̲뱭ƽ΢еŵ顣

ǵĵһʵ̫г̵ľǻۡ

ΣΪϳѩĴףҲ̫ᡣ

մһᣬѾϴãһʮԸе˯ȹűߺ

װģҺŶ

΢΢βѹչ˸顣

ź̲豭վߵϵȥ

һѱסͷľ࣬һ¡

գô㣬Ӧϴ˰ɣ

΢ƵɤŹյĶߵش

ռֵ

ϻﲻܿƵɪһ£Ӧһ

ϻ֮ǰϴ衣

ЦڹյĶ䡢۽ǡһ飬һףһ¹յ·

صߣڹյĶҧһڣһ˫һϱƵȥ

Ҫߡ

ʹŹն˵ҡ

ղܡòɫ󣬻

ţ̰ϸļǳķɫ



ڶ죬ǺۣȲϣǾ÷

Ȼ࣬ҲȽע⣬ֻһʼ˶鶯֮УϺеʧˡ

΢һ£òУ۾˯һᡣ

˵Ŀȡ˯ֱϰʱ

˾û˻ᶢʲôʱȥϰ࣬żȻһ΢һҲûϵ

Ҫǹ𣬿˵еͷˡ

ڶˣص˾ǹȻŽ˰칫ҡ

ҡ

Ǹ

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ԭǲΪʲôģһĵ׶Щ飬䲻ùǷ֡

ǿеĹضȻǹյĸףϼŵȨˣ

ǹһְڹߵˣ˵ʵǹĸ

ϵһЩ飬ֱӸϵ㱨յĽ

ǹ㱨ʱ򣬹˳һ䣬ùڻؼҡ

ջһ½ŵ飬ֻг̱¼ڵһǡഺѡѵӾ罱İ佱ᡣ

ǵͷʵҲм¼һгֻ̣ǶڹضҪҪְתղС

ҵȻض㱨һյг̰ţŹضһġ

Ǹ빤йصκ鶼˽֮ǰԣΪֻҪù֪ڵҪμһҪİ佱ᣬһκ顣

գţˡ

ǿһֱս˰Сʱԥһ£СĵʣܣҸͣҪ𣿡

ճĬһ˲һͳˣʱԱߵı̶ģǰ׼һЩĵ⣬ˣ˲ϳԾ͸Żع˾

ǼûзӦ˵С͵еȥһ¾ͺá

յͷû˵

˽˼ȥ׼

칫ҵŻϣص³һղŲͶ˲סˡ

ǲ̫óѣȻûйٵԭ򣬵ô˻ûͣе֡

Լ飬ܾڱǰԵúܱŤ



79 ִ/
ǰһ,һȥֹһЩƷ

ȻҪμӰ佱ᣬʽлҪеģοϴΪά,Զ,ǰ׼һЩ±Ϲȵʱԡ

մ绰,û,ָϢԼȥ֡

ϵϢصñȽϳ,緢Ϣ°ʱŻظ˵Ҫæ

Ȼúź,ȴҲ˵ĹûʲôɣʱæҹҲġ

һĵһ,ѵõ,ղûĸǱߣԺһ,Լȥһ˳вɹ

ǰİѾ,նֵҵϣȻһȵ̲衣

ٹ,̫һ̲ĺã߽һ꣬Щ,һ̲ߡ

ٽֵǽ͸Ĳǽ

Ŷӵʱ,µ⿴ϵ

Ȼ,Ŀһκ񿴼ϵӰֵȺ߹

ܳ,Ǹ˼ȴҲˡ

Щʧڽֱվһᣬٻȥ̲̲꣬ѾˣԱѴõ̲ݸ

ŸղżȺһӰ̲ûʲôζ

ʼձȲ̷·ϰ̲衣

̾һڴ̳ǰ̲豭Ͱ

ŹﳵڳתһȦ˲ٶȥͣȡ

ؼҵ·ϣϰƵ̲裬ȥһ̷·

ϰܸˣһ̲裬óСԡ

Լĵģ㳢
ϰڹǰЦеؿ

ܺóԣ
ճһ飬ȸոպãڸһ㲻Ĳ

ϲͶԵɣԺԽĵľ͹ңܹԡ

ϰЦ̾˿ϰصôǲϴ

΢΢죬ҲҪұȽٳš

Ӵͱ˵ˣкüΣ˼ҰƵģǵģ˼ֲʲôˮޣ𡣡

ϰΪرԹ

ȴЦˣϰһᣬʵһȤˣ˵Ҳ͡

ڵϰ˺ܾãһӵĺ̲裬Щδ뿪

صһƬڣֵֻĵƹ͸ս

ƺõڣȴ˸еЩն

ǰһֱһˣסôÿա

ԴӺһ֮ϰ˵ܰһ˵ʱȴ塣

żҲҲٽѽڣܰĽգصһ˵ļе¶

Ȼ绰ϣ̷·̲裬ϰĵġ

绰˺һŽͨϵֻﴫ

գҽҪؼң˯õҡ

ϵѹõ͵͵ģΧƺһƬ̫Ӱֳµĵط

ŶβӦһ˵ʲôǱȴһˡ

Щʧ䣬ƽʱæҲ˵һ仰ʱ䶼ûС

ϼӰֻǴҴһۣȴῴġ

֪Ϊʲô˵æȴֵĲн

ʱֻīնͷ˳ĳ͸Ǹе̫ϤˣԶԶһ۾ϳ

պƽʱһʮϴϣ׼ʱɵϡ

ֻǹ˺ܾҲû˯óֻһţǹѽڵĹ滹н

տһR&L鱦ĹʴƷơ

ƷƾȻ꣬ھڡ

ϣѩƬѩ׵ĲһͱȴּԼʯ

׹ͬϵеĶϵʯͶصĽָ

ȥ߹ûаӹ׵׸С

ѩķ˿ش򣬹ʶ鱦Ʒפг߻ǼҰˣֱǿϲɺصĴ¡

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ѩķ˿еɣϲձԷصR&LƷԴȶȼӳ֣ʹR&Lŵʽҵǰͻ˾޴ĹעȺ۶ȡ

R&Lһˮ׼ֻҪҵͥе֡

տһϹR&L뵽ĸؼҵʵ⡣

ǰһʱ䣬ؼιְλϤĺҵ

R&LǿƽפǲҲĸ׸ܵѹ

Щ߰飬Ժ˯ȥ

ϰҹصңڹ˯ԿŵֻĻһѩĹ溣

ݳﱸãڰе鶼׵ѩĴԺͬҲǩˣڽǰ㼸

ƾѩR&LƣR&Lµһһ𱬵ĳ档

Ϊ˸ڵĻƽڣÿ춼Զ쿪ĳﱸﵽƷİڷãﶼԹĿöġ

Ϊȷ׼æҹ

ƻȫһ߳½Ʒר꣬һڱڣôҪΪҲǹϼŵ̡ܵ

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ڱвͬ꣬ͬһ쿪ҵҪĵ黹ܶ࣬ѩҲҪҵʡ

ϲڰ¶棬еֻǰݶԴԸҪڿҵǰ鶼źá

Ϊȷһʧר궼ȥֳһ飬۲߻ҲȷƷҲһһܷġ

ڵգ۱˯ĲԼߣȻӿһůůĸо

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һֱ飬ѵ˯һùվüΪѵá

ÿűĴʱĳֻ֮У·ǰһůֻһΡ

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չ˾żһ죬Ҳ𴲣ڱа۵ָ⣬ġݵüۡ

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ںڵķؿŹա

ڨڨջ֣Ƥͷ

Ūˣ

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š۽ǵ飬ҵԡ



80 ޹˼/ӡ
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˿һЩùնžտ

һڵȹϵĲֶһɫϸɳָͣرá

ϸɳϵ׺С꣬һȥƺܵ͵ڵƹӳԣ˾ޡ

ϵĸһȦ˿޶д봦ǶһɫǾޱʢڴڵɫųݻ

ȹӵĿ¶һ˿̾

벻ȹӣҲôرЧ

ȹϱȻҵմȹӣһ˾ޡ

Ӧһ

ԿϰȹӷŵϣҪҰ𣿡

ձȹӻЩԥһϺ仰ӣװͰ͵ã

ЦЦø߸ߵģѹ

ðɣҳȥ㡣

תϳȥҹغţذɫĳȹϡ

ȹԺվȫǰҿǾﲻԾ

˺һᣬŰ塣

գ費Ҫæ

ϵĺŰ崫䣬һᣬš

ű򿪵˲䣬ϿǰĹգһĨޡ

۰ѩļûбȹӴŨصɫѹסԵ½

綬ĩչ֦Ѿ׺֦ͷѩɫʡ

ϸĲ䣬һ䲻СĺɫǾޱұţӣӳˡ

ǡôظסϵǺۡ

ϵɫȴôѺãšü⣬ϡ

գôˣȹӷǳÿʺ㣬Ŷ

Ϻޱ̾

صغһ

ⲻȹ𣿡

ϣѽҶȹӡ

նȹôպʺҴ

Ϸ·ʮظ߸ü⣬ҾȻûз֣ѹ㿴ô

ƭˣôûз֣ҵĴȹҶŲôôʣ
ûбסһʡ

ϵЦȴԽԽŨ̲סֱסգ̾ҵôôѽʲô¶ء

΢΢β˿ûаֿյ˼

òƸˣϣˣң㣬ұƾͺܸ𣿡

ûûУû¡§һطϣôϲˣء

ֺ޳ĻԿ϶ϵš

ɸա

㣬صһǺ޹˼ɵŪЩӡӣȻóȹԤı𣡡

Ǹշ߷ߵزһ䡣

ϴϴðɣǻǣҵı᳤ƵŶ

㣡һʱᣬƿôۣųƣ

ϺŴĬһᣬǰһţãǶƣòã

ߡŤͷ

˼ôҲΪĶ㣬һϲ

ϾȻʼɫɤ˵εεĻùջһ𣬶ʱ֪ʲôӦ

˼ҺòԤԼһλʦȻֻԼѽҪҵıҲһײУҰ佱ʱǻһ̨ͬһλʦƵȹӶÿѽ

գֱӸңŪôƵ飿

ȴҡҡͷ걻ˮ欵ĹʣȻġ

ǰ㣬ͲǾϲ~

Ȼųһ㣬ġ

ö䶼ˡ

ǽƱյͷЩ޵˵

ԼۣŪһۼ֮󣬲żʵȹӳ

һѱסգǵڹյϲ˲䣬ģֻǡ

ͣһ£˵˭ҵıôˣ˳ԡ

ڹյŪôӡӣֻǣƷ˵֮λ̵סȹڵ޼ɵˡ

㡣ղ࿪ߵ۸㻹ˣ

ðɡͣ΢΢ͣصǸҴˣװģԭ𣬿Ưȹӵķϡ

㣡
ȹӻãһ˵ȹӣգˣųȥˡ

أЦһᡣ

ߵȹ¼ǰóһͬڵ¶糤ȹ˿ع˹

ȹӵĸʽʵرʦҪֹƽʱμӾƻȹӴ¶ģȻܺÿϲմȹӡ

ƽʱľۻ˽ԱȽϺãûмգǰ佱᲻һĿʢᡣ

ô˳Զأ۾ԵĶҲС

ϸѩ׵ļԣҩһ񫡣

˶࿴һۣò

ôãʱҲˣҪȥֳһߺ̺ô˵ҲǣȦ죬Ҫӡ

һǰ׼õİɫȹӣڻױǰϸµױ

һڿɳ˺һᣬһֱûûϢģɿʼ˼Լղǲ̫˵㣬ˣ

ֹһᣬЩסˣȹڣŵߵǰ̽ͷơ

ɨһȦ䣬ŷڻױǰǵɫӰ

ī䣬ɫȹճõĲӰ

һ¿ˮ



81 /С
,վôԶʲô

ſˮͻȻ˵㱻Ǻš

ĺ䣬˳

ת,е

ռذ,ҡһͷŬʾԼû¡

ﾲؿ

վе㶪,ڨڨ߹ȥ

һ,ʣôԼױһױʦ𣿡

šӦ,Һÿ𣿡

ͷŹգӱ˵ɡ

ÿյһԴе㲻˼޵

䴽Ц,԰ҲҪױʦ

Ļ,ǰǸɷӰغϡ

,ȻԼվԱ߿ϻױӺɵ

ȥȹӡ˵Сĵȹȥ

ôȹӣڼﴩŲ,ȹҲҪעⲻŪ,ȻûȹӿԲμӰ佱ˡ

ջ·,Ѿױ

һȽŨصɫӰ͹Գ۾Χһ˫,Ҳˡ

޺Ĵɫ˫ԸС

ôһ,ôױġ

տüǺ

΢ָڹյ°,һЦ

ôַˣ

գգ۾ع,úܽ촽΢΢Ҫ

յ©һġ

˫ֽŵץȹڡ

̧Цʱ䲻磬Ҫ׼ˡ

ԼڼҺúϢһ£һ͵ģʽʼ֮ǰٴ绰㣬ÿȥ㡣

ɫģЩᣬֻǶݵķֿ

峺Щįɫ

ϱοҪңԿһ»ֱֳŶİɣһ˿Ӧ˵Ĳɷá

һҪʹƷţǰʰЩǿӵĹں͹һסÿţΪԼʰˡ

˵ȥͣѶŵϣҲۣǰҪЩֻҪڣǶǿӰˡ

ϺȻЩһסӣֱһȫλ๦ŮӶ

ΪܸһܴĶ磬һҲֵõġ

Ƥÿæһܲڵġ

ȻҲźܾãһ㶼ίԼ

뿪׻ԴãֱȥֳڰȥһסʲôλãҲȸԼȥֳһ̳ͣͷ

ʼЩͽӴˣʽʼǰҲҪȥӹչ

û֪ͨæǰǴһģùڼϢúùһѽڡ

ΪҲʵȹӴȥߺ̺ù֪ˡ

Ͼǹˣʼղ̫Ըᵽйص顣

ԼĵͣѾڵݿڸһᣬϰѳǰΧûˣȥÿӿ

ֳӺܶ࣬㹻ͣأ;йԱ

ں̺ǰ³һ֣еͷ۽žһٿġ

Ӧһֳȣŵǰߡ

խĴ׳ȹųβȹڣ߶ҡҷˡ

ĲüƣԽչ¶бҲȹһЩرԪء

ϵ͵λȻĿģĿⶼۼϡ

ڼʹֱϣ֮ǰֱƽ̨ĵĻȻҲ֣ʮżǴӺ̺߹ͷһз˿ְ֧ĻȻ͹ˡ

˵ĲɷҲֻе̡

һֳʱˣֱͷ̤Ϻ̺ʼһ·ӲͬǶչʾľպԸеˡ

ֱĻ˲

·˯ˣͻȻѣ˼Ѫһ㾡麰С

ֻĻȫǼУʽϵĲʺƨɣĻ

նˣֻܿŮͰļС

ҵرյĻİѵĻصԺĻϵĻ徲ˡ

ͷ£Ӱڻ롣

ȻڼѾҲֱֻпϻǻһαݺݵؾޡ

治ǹ񼶵Ů񣬹룬ڵֵģھͷ޷ŴУиɻ

ϵʣݵأ֪ԡ

뵽ĺôʣƺϵϡ

ӵȻȵʣ·һо֮УƶֿɵõĶ⡣

ʼնЦݣЦĵ·Ķʡ

ʹֻǰǧڼвϡ

̺ͷƺҲЩǰʽĲɷʴ̫һϵʱԵر飬Ҳ֪صˣΪкܶϡ

ܻش⣬شˣӦĻ⣬ؾ

ˣഺôõĳɼԱǵŬΪܵݵĹҲǹûģ֪չǷμʢ᣿

ϣǷǳвŻģԡഺ˺ܶѪǰڵ׼ڼܶΪģȻôҪʢᣬһȱϯġ

ЦصͷͻȻ׳һС⣺ôһ

էһЦһʣȴס

شʱ󲻺÷ִ磬Ϻ͹յϵԽԽڣȻǵع֮ȫĬһˣǵһֱûгϣһֱ䲻ʵ

˽ҲǴʵģ취ڳϺ͹ܹ֮ϵ

϶žͷЦһ£ɫ糣ػش𣺡æڹ˾Ҳܹ˵ܻμġ

һԼ͹˽µദƲøɸɾ

һʱҲҲ©޴֡

ϲٸʸ⣬ղɷֳԭ֮󣬾Цţò֣˹˹Ȼشһ뿪

ϵӰӾͷǰʧܿ컭лһϺ̺Ӱ

նʱû˼´򿪵Ļ

ϸߣڵȶ˿δ

ڸ̾ÿϧ뿴Ů͹һߺ̺

ϴƬϸء

˵ϻֱܿġ

ǵǲһ𣬸ʵϰµģ̤ʵ

ǲģһҿĶˡ

벻ҲעϣȻԼҲô棬ʱûȥߺ̺ܲϰ߱ڹע۵ָо

Ĳɷʱ䣬Ӧ죬ЦᱻץסϵĹϵڽ¶

һţһ߰һϵİ佱ʽֹһ̨߸Ӧ̫⣬һЩ

պȻЩϣĳܱ򶨴ݣࡣ

ֿһֱûʲôȤģʱԤ͵ˡ

ϴ绰ȡָͣ˵һỰ

ҪţúóϻҪĺܳʱġ

º͵ƺõ˰ƽ

ûȥߺֱ̺ϵĻĻˣ˵뿴һ𡣡

Цѹ˵ԣϰˣû취ʱμӻҲһ¡

΢Ƶ͵ʹӵ绰ﴫһƬëشӹյĶ߷ܶ

죬ǿʶ

ڵ绰ͷЦˬʵЦشҲعǡ

ղֱĻԼȹעԸвõ⡣

ͺƽʱһŹյĿζ׼˼ˣΪܰǼƵȹõЧʳֻԼھͣˡ

Ű࣬ϴ绰˵Ѿȥ

սȥ任ɫĸ쳤ȹױǰһ㻯ȽŨ*ׯױݡ

۱£䵽ȹϣɵƣ˸âĺɫϸɳĺɫǾޱ͸ʱлϢ

ȻԼƽʱϰױȹʮֲ뵽ֱУ˾̾ݣһױ

εҷɫȲᱻϵĺǾޱѹȥҲԵס

βĨϼɫӰʢһ

ױԺЧеĸá

ױݺܷϹձʣͻֳˮĴۣӣɫķ۴һɰµޣۺһĺɫȹ쳣䡣

ɵȹڴȲ࿪һֲַ棬׺ŷĺɫ˿ϸ׵ĳȣ֣ڿĶ˻һɫǾޱ벱ϵĺǾޱӳġ

ȹӴĻһ˫ɫ˿޸߸ЬҲǸոպõģմʡ

ղٶʲôΣڸƬڵƹ㹻ҫۣҪġ

ֻϴһ͵ʯ

ĳɢתͷƣҳһʯУڶԣѹסɵͷԵ;

˵ȥͣһ۾ͼϵĺɫܳͣڵݿڸ

ӿϽӳ򿪺ĳš

Ŀڹϣǲεľޣһ˿Ȼ

ղ׽еһ˿죬ûعζѾɿعغóţصʻϣѳӿ˳ȥ

ʱ磬佱ܿҪʼαѾ½ˡ

Ӹʱ䣬ѳӿе㼱ʱ򣬳׵е㿪ѹһ

Ǹܣҿüˣû°ɣӿһۺӾĹգǸ

û¡ӣסλԵķ֡

ӰͷķٶȣļǱȲϣϿٿ죬Ҳȵģղһ䣬˶׳ȥˣҲŵòᡣ

һճʲô£ǿû

µغһѳӿһЩ

ٸҲûʲôҪģҪǹյİȫȻȥܰˡ

ϵأ㵽ֳ

·ҵٰ췽ָͣͣóŹմӲŽ档

ĳغܴŲ̨£һɫĴԲһȥмʮŴԲǸݰŵϯλ

һʢᣬ˴ȦԱǡ

ڽеʱȵʱҪʽֱģʽˡ

Ագذ쵽ϵԱߣﻹһӿţǽĿⰲŵġ

£ϻͷһᣬܿ죬ĵƹϨ̨ʼ´ǡ

ʽʼ

³һˡ

Ӧһϯϻ谵Ĺߣתͷϣؿ̨ϵˡ

ղ˼ô˵ĳϸϽͷӶӣҲĿͶʮɫ̨

ڰУһַֻŵϥϡ

תͷ˿ϣȴö˶ģ°΢̧Ŀбӵ̨

Ҳ¿̨ڰУֱ졣

ƺȹʮϤȻִӿȹڴȥϥǻϡ

յںڰյͨ졣

ȹס֡

ϵͣһ£ڳסյ֣һ¡



82 ̼ͬ/ķ
յһ߻,Ū̫Ķֻܰ

Ϲ˹΢΢ͷ,ڹն˵
ôôƯ

͵͵,Щ⡣

ж,Կ϶,ϵŸһվ˵ò,ԹյĿ̰ӡ

رϲձ˵ǵĸо

ǣ׹ףƯƯȷʵǳĿ,Ƶȹӣùصϰ佱̨,˵ġ

ϲЦһ,ԼֲìеЩ޿κΡ

ţԱ䲻˵һ仰

ԼҲǣ

ﺬżֲʺŭ

һ,Լǰһ˵ʲô,Ц

ԭҲҺƯҺܸŶ

յһ,תͷ

Ů˵˵

һ΢΢ɿһЩϵָʮָա

ڹĹϯ,Է,ȴܸܵԷ¶ȴӽյдݹ

һֺĸо,·ĳصڴ֮ͥ¹Ȼʾ֮ȴֱڰһС

ůů,̨ϾʵĽĿȥ·ֻʣԱߵϣϵ¶ȣϵԡ

̨ϸսһĿݣ̨ҵձΧһ㣬عһλܳԱ̨л

ϲͷڹն˵һڣѵӾ佱

ԣֱӣʮ־Դ

ϿһģЦýţ˲Ϊġ

˶٣ûǸӡ

ڻ񽱵ĵݣ佱˶رأҲ̸࣬Ц䲻˴벻

οղһλݣʱȦжռڽɽǶܲá

̨߸ϸұ֤˲ʲôΪѵĻ⡣

տ̬ŵߵ̨룬ֿʼˣĲܿƵ亹

һֱǣȻҲܸܵĲӴȡֽСĵزϵϸͣذο

ҪţȥܹҲò˼ӡ

յͷ֪ȥǿƲԼ

ǰҲֽѩһȥģκϾͲؽˣǣֱƽ̨ЩĵĻϣԼϴŵԼ͸ûа취ƽ

Ȼһ̨ܺϵĴĻ˼ѡӾľڣ˰Ҫļα뵽̨ϣƷ

ѵӾ硶ഺ

αЦ꣬ϯ漴һƬҵ

Ϸɿſյ֣ϹׯЦݡ

ִһɵݴŶӵҪˣԼҪݳ̨ȡ

Цţգȥˡ

γѰգգۣСĵȹվ

ϸĵƿӣʾߡ

ֳ󲿷ֵĵƹⲻԼͬؾۼϣֱͷҲһд

Ȧֿȵˣǻ۵ʢϲУȫʱӿһ󾪺

ϵȹӸ߹Ȧ˸۽𾦣һ۱ܿǳʦֵ֮ĸ߼ơ

ϯͬʱ𾪵ģȹͬĸ߶ơ

ϵĺɫȹ¶ģȹ޳˫ȣȴһ߲棬ɫ˿ްĲϳϵϣΧһȦߣһֱĶˣ׺һµĺɫǾޱȹϵǾޱһģһ

ͬɫϵĳȹһһҵĿ棬ȥǾƵɺϡ

ȹһ޵ĺɫǾޱ

ͬеӰǾﵹӳӰһ㣬˾Ķǡ

ֳͷȫ̾۽ϣһ·̨

̨Ե̨ǰĵƣùշ̨ס

һܵľٶȫһȻ

ֱƽ̨ϵĵĻھͷǵһѾ׷ˡ

˿ǶһֵԼĵCP޳ļ

װĴڸ߶ȹ·ѸǵĹϵ

еĿⶢһ·̨ߵǣ̨̤ףһֱߵ̨ߣϲŷſյ֡

÷˿Ƿģϵְһɫ˿޶дϷһɫǾޱĿ

ղϵĺɫǾޱһ

Ļ˿ǵɤѾˡ

̨ǰֵʱ򣬹Ҳע⵽ϵĶд

̨ŵʱұߣûпϵ֣ŷ֣ϵϾȻһԼǶǾޱһģһĻ

һ˲㶡

գָҡάϵЦݣԹ˵

ʶĿ̨ǰֳüͷǣģԶģǰҶС

վάϵƽַŵϵ˳Ʒϵ̨̤ס

վ̨룬ԶԶǣ·˺ܾá

˫۷⣬ζЦţͶ˼£ƺ˵ʲôջסˡ

ȵ߽˴ͷƣǱʾҵףء

ֻĿһֱϺ͹յĲӡ󡢺ʹȸת

ɫѾˡ

ֱƽ̨ϵĵĻİĻ˺ü롣

̨һվֱһԡ

˶Ϊ˱塣

ϵȹӷ·ڸߵҫ˵Ĺϵ

Ȼλûκιûһϣ˶һ̵ǰĸס

˿һͷشУһҪףȫѰ佱ֳϺ͹յĽֳ

˺һᣬ˵ŴԱĵش

λ춼ѽֱϵĵĻΪǶ񣡡

΢΢䴽Цһ¡

ллʮֵ˵һлûκζĻ

ŵԴһƬհףԼ˵ʲôĻ

ɸӽš

Ǻĸݡ硢ˣĬվԶһ㣬Ǹһ˵ľ롣

޴ڸеļˣ̨εòС

ȻֻģҲû뵽ĵֵزλ쵼ôǶԣֱ˻Ϊı߽ϡ

ͷΪ߽ϵҲؿԲ˺üƪѪŸ塣

Ҳе㼤ϾܹĿCP̨¹ϯĹǣֱƽ̨ϹۿĿĿȷ˿ǣ̫Խˡ

ֹض˶ǣðԻȵ⣬һİ佱̨ʵ

ƴѹԼְҵܣŴ󷽵Цݣûʵ˵˼ףȻ֣佱αֻзĽɫϺ͹ǰ

ϴ˷Ϊݵ̨ͬʱҲǡഺּƣһһο϶ϵֲܺ͹յĵݲŻ
Цһ̨µĹϯ˵

ΪӦλһ£ҾΣ

Ӧ˵ģ̨һƬҵԼֱϸӷĵĻ

Ļϣһ𡱵۲ˢСԭؽ顱һЩͷԡ

ĿĹۿһͻ˸߷壬½ĿӼ¼

ٰ췽ܼЦ۾гһ졣

󽱸ഺĿҪΪþǿʺͻ𱬵⻹ǵϺ͹աѩ֮˷룬һѪš

ܼƶֻҪϺ͹һ뵽̨ϣһһȵ

˴ʱܼƷԼǵ͹˵ĻȺȡ

̨ԶԶ̨һԸһ崿Ưܼʺ˫°ͣˣĽĿˡ

Ȼһߴϵİ佱ᣬҲҪְֵܶͶʲְܰҪʺ

һ£ܼҲǳɹKPIˣ

ܼƵļֱͦˡ

̨ϣϺ͹չͬɫĽ佱α̨¹л

纣˰ϯ

άֵЦݣ͹һ̨ףصǵλ

ֱ£ͷĸһᡣ

̨ĵƹԶǣΧ±ڰ֣չ˺һᣬŻһ

û뵽ϵȹӾȻԼƣͬƣǶ䱻ϵĺǾޱ

ÿһ̼Źյ񾭡



83 /޳ֱ
ղ,ձǰǾޱ̼û˵ľͷһ̨վôá

׳лⶼϽӵġ

ջһ֮ǰ̨ϵΣʮֶ,޲һطš

ԼôǶֵ,̨ȴӲϡ

ֻϵСŮ

ôô㣬ͷӦ,ֻǹյ,ȴڱ˵

ղɰĵϣĸײҪ佱ᡣ

Ȼ

䷢ѵӾ,Ѿ룬ʣµĶһЩΪҪĽ

Ϻ͹Žصϯϵȴ

ȻŮǵ,ϣϾԼݼԼ֪,Ҳ֪,ǶĬû

֮Իֳû뿪ҪΪ,ǸһзĴ,Ͼ˲̫ò,ǿŸɵȡ

ԴϹ̨֮ǳ䶯ʹֳͷ,ϲʱʱɨһ¡

ֱڵθڡ

ֱƽ̨άŸ,˿ǶڵŮǵĴ,Ǿ󽱷Ī

ͷʱʱĹعˣϺ͹ֻܶ˶,κС

ϻãֳȽȵסǿһԼȥա

ֻǹǰٳϯִ͵Ĺͷʱʱǣеڣձ

ҺѾӽβ˼󽱺ڵѹάŮǽ

ǽһʵֵˣֻʣŮǽˡ

˹һӣ˹ǵθڣ̨ĻżλΧŮԱֳͷҲַڼλŮԱͣһᡣ

⣬˳ҲԱߵĹһŽ

ŮԱŬֳ磬άŵЦݣϺ͹򵭶޲·λΧȺڡ

ͷлϵʱֱĻһ󱬷ʽˢ

Ϊһ˱ֵһ㶼żƵ̨ϽһλѡŮԱйصЦȻ佱αջߵ

ֳҵУ¡һŮǵ

ѩһ̰ɫĳȹţز̨

Ϊѹذ佱αѩոոϵֳˣҲѵӾ佱һĻʢ

һ߼ƵĴɫȹͿʽʮַСŮʡ

˾̾ģƷ

ָһ׸ƷʵʯΣ̨ĵƹ£ӳĿĹ⻪

ѩĵӺݹαĲõƣҲ͹Գѩ׵ʡ

˼һƷһ֪ǷƷ

ֱƽ̨ϣͨͷĴдʶϳƷǹʴR&L＾޶пȫֻʮףȴһ״ѩϡ

ǺǶòٹ⡣

һղؼR&LʯΣѩĿλ˲ֹһΣֳչһ꣬ʱ˹Ƿķ˿˷ܵڵĻϽ¡

R&Lڹڵ׼ŵ꿪ţһ꣬ѩΪҲرæµ˴졣

λлܲر̸ڵ֪ѩϻҪϯΪȵŮǰ佱óһ׻ʯΡ

һǶʯǹģΪ󣬴ȸߣ͸ʦƴͣ߷

ѩһͱסҲƲ۾

ݸһȫ޶ȫֻʮףǰһϰ˽ء

ǵѩǹ˾ڹڵλʹһĲƷѩ

ѩڹһʱ䣬Ȼ֪ĹʢУܶǶϲR&Lߺ̺ЩȻܰ󣬵ֲƷλвģѩǰģһײƷΡ

óΣҲϣѩϹ˾ĲԣﵽЧ

ѩոǩһ۵ĴԺԼûоܾɡ

һγ̨ϣ¶𺳺;ޣһ󽾰

ΪR&LлԺR&LƷһ㣬㹻ܶĽѡ

οĴԷѣҲﵽһµĸ߶ȣR&Lǹʴƣ£۹һƷȫ֮Ტۡ

ѩֱͦԴ̨ϣһֻĿȸ

Ȼý˲ķȴڸκһλߡ

ѩӹ˵Ļ˹ش򿪣ɨһ֡

ԵõЦݽһ˲˰ģŮǻˡ

ƽû˿Ȼͬ

ͷһеϵϣ˴д΢΢üƺЩ⡣

ȫ䶯У̨

ֱϵĵĻٴη

ۺ죬ֱǡְѾͷƵյͣټ룬ٴλѾ̨ˡ

ߵ̨룬ףѩŽޱ

䴽Ц¶ЦݣѩӹֻӲӵĽУûκν

Աߵ˰Ρ

ĸ佱αذѽˣٸӵո֣ļʲôġ

ҩζҲ̫Щ湦򶼲ˣ±˻ǵ¡

ѩ͹һֱĹ䣬ðϺᵶᰮ֮Ĺϵҵã˿Ƕ

ǣϵһУ棬汾ٶ࣬ҲϵĴ⣬ûʲôʵ

Ȼѩ̨֮棬Ĳö˵֮ͬˮķΧͺܲˡ

߷һ֮

Ҳ֪ﰵﶷ˶ٻأܶɽ⸱ӡ.

Ҽ֤Ϻ͹ոߵشʦװǣֹ̨ͬ콱ͬʱҲ֤ϺѩԣȦзУԵĳ档

һİ佱ʷᡣ

ֱϵĵĻҲڵѩϵķ˿Ϊ˸ҵŮ񳳵ࡣ

ֻһĲõĸ߼ȹûκƷޣ˰ϵǸɫǾޱд

ѩվһ飬ѩһ׻ҫ۵ζȥеĹʡ

ѩķ˿ᣬһõóֵζûС

⻰ϵķ˿òУ˵ǼҵŮ͵ţЩһʶ

ҷ˿ͻ̣ڸΪһ仰òɿֱĻѾΪ˫˺ս

ѩԵR&LƷҲΪķʽȦ

죬ϵҲûͣЪ

æʹCPģаسԹϵѩϺʷġ

˰ǵǳͬһѧУСԣͷ

⣬ѩϵһײƷҲûбŹ

и׵Ĵԣ˵ѩR&LһȣȻôһΡ

R&LڹĶǴ˶ûеĴ

˵R&L֮ǰѾɹƷߵȦлõӦôᣬΪѩˮݵ棬R&LƷƱڹΪ֪Ϻ͹յһý֪š

ͨϰն֪R&LһʴƷƣƷƵѾԺʶݳƷǧɻȥʲôӢҲõЩ׵ĴֱӾڹ򵽡

R&LлܲҲʱٿһʢļдᣬ¡ؽƷƵĴ淢չʷԼR&LڹʱȦоصĵλǿˣú󽫻ڹһ߳½ר꣬رƷƷ˿ӵ

ڸܹʶƷR&L

ʢѩڹڸ߾ӲµĻȣﵽһֱըʽɢЧӦ

ڵR&LʹùڵıƷƷƶ׷׸ܵǿѹ

ϼµİ괫Ʒƣ鰮ƷҲ⡣

һ棬Զ󿪵Ʋ⣬ѩڹһ꣬R&Lܲߵһʹñ˷ǹϵ˴۸ӵĽǹϵ

ǵĽǹϵţԽԽ㣬ò˥ÿͳһ°汾ԹȺæòֺһһ

ʱִСϢѩR&LǩۺԼɼR&Lѩĳ谮ͬһ㡣

R&LΪѰϵĳͣһµŴ

ʱ򣬹Ҳĸ׽˻ȥ

ϼܲĶ㣬³칫һضڿϣĿؿŹա

ǸŮô£

վ֪ĸ׿϶£԰佱ϵֵøˣҶǣ콱µĳȷϹϵľٶΨ

ǴſʽƵʦȹͬǾޱζ˿һǣ

̨ϣͬɫƬ˿Ƿתǣ̨ƬӵƬΪCPǿֵԴȪƬɾûɾ

ȻҲ˹ǰ

Ų֪Ϊ˶ԼŻе֮һŮͷʹǡ

R&LȶܳôߣյҲ޹ϵȻûж⹫սǹϼż̳ˣΪǶֵܲãЩϲĻ

ֹ˾ϰǣ֣һȷּΪȻ顣

˾ϲ̸̼İţοһѩʲôR&LܲãҲͽˡ



84 /
ȻǸνĽ,ִֻŸR&LĺôҲС

鰮ƷǹڵİƷƣڱܺãڻ,,һ㲻ῼΪˡ

R&LٳȦ,ùʶǵá

,Ϊϸͷǰ,ѩҲġ

հõĽһԵ˵ѩơ

˼лعǰڵ,ǸŮ˿

ǿл,ʡ͵ĵ,Ůȴһ¾òӣЩϼ޻̽Ķ֡

ɿʼ˼,ǰǲǰչ̫ܵ,ΨΨŵŵԸһ˵

Ȼ,ҪǸӸ˵ԼŪģܻЩο

ˣԼղŵʲô߰ġ

üͷ,ѹ̫,뷨Ҳƫǡ

Цһ,ִƹϼŶʮ꣬ҲǺ,R&LȻϹڵ󵰸⣬Ǿ濴ƷڹڻǺзġ

Ǹѩô£ΪʲôR&Lԣ

̧ؿŹա

˵ѩãһ˵ҧǸѩǹչ˾ˣȻȥԼҵƷƵˣR&Lô޴ͻȡ

ӣ벻ĸ׾Ȼ飬ǰǴʹ˾˵ĴԺԼСµġ

֧һ󣬲̵ؽ͵ѩǩǸͬۺܸߣڵĴԷѣڹǰδеġ

ĸ΢΢㶵ɫռңѩΪǹ˾ˣǩµ*ۺԼҲкܴô

ҵΪݺͬƸһء

Ҳһ£ڹи

˱ԣ˾Ϊľ󣬾ѩԼҹ˾˴ˣ˾ѩԷлõҲһʺܿɹ۵֡

ȻɫյҲºһЩ

ԺҪ飬˾ˣرߵǣܸ鰮ƷͬƷԡ

룬ضҪ˵ȦڵǣǶֻ˴żǣҪǴһѹƶ֣ҲһЩЧ

R&LѾȵǣȲǣĸ߶Ʒǩ˾ûôˣҲѹһͬС

ЧR&L鰮ƷҲһŪ㶯˦ĳЩҵѲĶҲ⡣

Ը鰮ƷǼеѪǼҪĲҵһҪסƴȫŬҪסƷơ

صͷ֪ĸס

ȥúɸѡһ£һ͵λҪѩµǣ鰮Ʒԣ＾ƷҲˣҸһ£Щ˵ǵĴ˶ң˵糱

õģһ¡֣صشӦĸס

ػƷǴСͱ̽еִǼִļ֡

ӹ칫ҳѾʱ䣬İ칫ְԱȥ緹ˡ

ո߽ݣ绰

һȥԸ£æˣòײܴء

ѩڵ绰һͨԹԴǩR&LԺΪǱߵµƽȣѩæýŲմأÿ춼ǸǿȵĹ۵ûؼҵͷ˯Ҳܾûиռˡ

ոձĸѵһ٣ҲЩƣøѩһԶ緹졣

ʮĺùۣ߳ྺܶࡣ

ѩǰòˣżһᣬͼŽ

գ

ѩԶԶ˹ȥ

ոչżţѩ͹ҵˡ

ѩֱֱۣɵŹա

µ¶һʵ飬ֻȿɰĳС

ʱҺæŶûոԷعôãҲż档

ѩͣǲرԹŹղ˲䡣

ЦЦļ򣬰ƿһ㣬Դ꼸ۡ

ҿȻˣСһȦֽƬˡ

ѩίرͣ˼Ҷòһ£عʹԭˡ

տѩģ̲סЦȥ

ۻˣŸ٣ڼúЪЪ

ѩһż٣۾Ҳֻά˼룬ܿԴûɵ˵

żҲûôףR&L׼ȫ꣬ΪΨһ˻ҪμӺܶǱ߶ѽһµĹг̷ˡ

Ϊµһ䣬һʱ䡣

֪R&LôҾͲǩˣ鷳ˣæ÷ûܺúóԡ

ѩûſڷϣűԹR&LĹ̫ࡣ

ճĬһ£ĸ²ѩR&LĴԡ

ˡѩɥһᣬǼҸǮ󷽵ķϣˣ

ԣݸһЦR&LΪʶƷƳر𺾣ƸԵķþ͸߳ҵü⻹һϵܼͶŹˢع⣬Ѹٻùгĸ߶ȹע

R&Lڹͷ¹гҲǳ¡

ѹĸҲ˲ͬѰΣУҪ鰮ƷĴˣϵȶ

˵գR&Lڹڵ׼ר꿪ҵʱʢƿǰϸýʹ˴ƪܵյʢ

Ƕʱ䣬Ϻ͹աѩĻǹϵΪֵģR&Lר꿪ʢ䡣

R&LǰʮֵλԼƷЧӦ֮ͣר꿪ŵ죬ڵСڣܶ˴ȫؾۼΪһR&LĹʶƷƷУȻҲкܴһѩķ˿

R&LŵǰΧһطһʱ̨ڿҵʽ֮󣬾ٰһС͵չʾR&LܻӭľƷѩ˿Ľ뻥ǵڵڹƷĹ˿ͶܻøѩױǩСƷ

⣬ҵֻҪڵڹƷĽﵽһĶȣܻϯʦLCOרΪڷ˿Ƶļһö

ȫĶƿררļ룬Ĳãһô˿ѡ

öͱ£ְR&LƷԪУԢ̣ʱи߼ûΪƷܡ

LCOֵ֮ļ룬϶ֵơ

ΪһöڵǰŶӣԺչ־˵Ĺ

Ŷӵ̫࣬R&Lר걻Χˮйͨϰŵͬʱţһ˿͡

ˣרǴ絽ͥУظ˿Ŷӵȵҹ

רΪǶӳٹʱ䣬һֱӪҵҹգR&Lոǵ;˵۶ϸýͷΪչŶӵķ˿ӳӪҵʱľٶҲ˸߶Ⱥ

R&L˿ûжƵĸ߰룬Թʮг⣬ģջ˴øУڱǡ

һ̣R&LüΪƯڼ￴ϵԼ·ۣɶR&LĻ˸е

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ʱ򣬷ԱϲˣѩûԹһĲ̻ʡ

գ˲ô԰
ѩһҧ⣬һùһǴŹǷŵյ

ջع˿ǴŹǣÿκһԷ϶ζĲƷ

ŹǳһڣζȻ´ҲƼﳢ

سһᣬѩסˣ˵еûţǰǿһСŮҪǸϤһ飬ͳ˻죬ͣ졣

˵йȥˣ

ѩһ̻ʣ߰˳ɱ˵Ůӡ

һ߼Ųˣһеظ˵

šյͷԶԶϸʵġ

ˣǸŮ˵³ô𱬣û˵㣿

ѩϴӶʱڿʼͻ࿴˳۶ԷѾǿ̽ƫִԷֶԸ⡣

ѩ˵ǸŮˣָϣĶΪɵ˵ûʲô¡

ѩתͷôû棬ɫǰ˲٣ѩ׵ȾһĨķۺ죬ǳɫӣΪʳ󣬶ʺ췢

ҲûǰôˣԵñһЩ

һǱҸģ

ѩƲһͣ϶Ҹ̳¡

ճԶĶһ£ӡ

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ԹյĹСͺϣ䲻̸

Ҳǣѩ̾۽ߣ˼ûܹģˣȻͬ⡣

˵꣬ѩԼһ£Ҹô࣬ǸŮ˾Ͳʲôöûкýģɢ糬

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ѩղ˵عͣǴСʶ֪ÿ⸱ӡ

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οǹյʮͷһοϣѧʱһֱˡ

˵ҲǺܲס

ˣԺٵڹǰ˵ǸŮ˵ĻɣùΪǸŮ˶Լֵˡ

ʮĽ֣ѩﻹǺϧġ

ѩһ㶼ǣҲ棬϶߲Զ˵ģռͲͬһ

ˣ˵ˣҵǸвУٳһǴŹǡ

ѩյּһǴŹǣֹظŹǣ˼ġ

տѩŹǣڷЩ

Сѩ㲻ϲϣҲҪ˼ϺܺúܺõģҲܻչˣڻҸ˵£һŬԺǻһġ

˵Щʱر档

ѩ֪Ķģݽȥˡ

ǣ϶Թǲĵģ˵

ϳĸԸУѧУͺܻӭһɱûеĻ

һҰԡݾ

ѩһֱǲʵԭ

˼Ըܹסˡ

ܹĴϱ˼һԵʣ



85 /
ѩ̾˿

,ȻѾʼˣֻܺúõһ

ѩΨһĺýãѩĲϣΪˡ

պѩڷżĥݵʱ,˺ܶѩڹ顣

շ,ѩڹʶһԺرˣȻѩûر˵Ǹ˵,,˵ԼڹľʱܻǸ˵Ӱ

ѹһȥһ,ˡ

ǣʵǸ˵ʱѩȴ,Ը͸¶Ϣ

Щˣҵ鶼û,ȴʲô˵,ȥһ˹⣬˵ˡ

ѩ亹,һʱ,͵վµ,ˣգҪȥϰ,찡,ǾȻô,ˡ

˵ţִسȥҷԱˡ

ֻøųȥ

챻ĸ׽ȥ˲,ҪȥһôŽĹ

ص˾Ѿӽ㣬ֱӴȥͲ¥䡣

յİ칫ǰȴһֻзһȡ

ӼЩ⣬òشкܣãҪ𣿡

ٴο˿еĿȣҡҡͷҲȿȣлл

ŶʣʲôҸ

ˣհڰ֣һЩ顣

õġùȽȥȻŸĺߵİ칫ǰѿȷŵϣ˳ȥ

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ûаµض𿧷ȣһڣ

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ΪΨһ澭ʹˣӦʱ̸

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ЦЦҲȿȵģ֪

ðɡЩźƿĿ⣬ֺһڡ

ȻҾͺȲ߰칫ЩѾͷݵĿˣûûζģ֪ȵʲôɴпһ
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䣺

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Сʮƶζ

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°ͣü˼R&L鰮Ʒǿ֡

šյҲĸ׵ĵľЩ飬ϣܿƺù˾˽ĺͬ漰ͬҵҵԺԼһɲӡ

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յ֣Ц˵ûӶٹֻĺͬʱһЩҵƷƵӪҵΧˡ

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ϣոշϢ̧ͷȵؿ䡣

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ңƤرã׵ķ⣬ֻҪ㵭ױͺܶׯˡ

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88 /ѵ
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ȻϵĴʮֹϣӰѾɣһʱܹƽϢġ

鰮Ʒ֪Ʒƹٰͬ˫һӵĳţǰR&LƳʥϵеƷͬʱڵ궼;µʥСƷúܶŮԹ˿ͻϲѡ

鰮ƷΪϧֵСĶоܶ±֮ЫڽŨ塣

ʥڵĵڶգִһըʽƬ

ƬͷԶ㣬ͷķŴԿƬеˡ

ƽҹϺ͹Ƭ˵ƫƧɳ̲ϣǵƬйģҲģмһɫʮۡ

ٴαĵգϵCPۼ䶯ôڿĵʵһΣλӦû취˰ɡ

Ϻ͹յ΢ٴݣǶֵĹٲҲ⡣

ڹϼݳӰԳʱڣϺ͹յĴŸܹעУ˶ԹϳŵĹעȡ

ǣþǹδ̳˵ݣȴ빫˾δţѩϣڲҵĹϵһУᡣ

Щ£ǰùף绰йջܲ

³칫ڣɫ࣬ͷؽѵһ١

֪ܣôĽ֪㶪ʲôطȥˣ

ŭɶسտʼô˵ģ˽̸ѣԲܸЩκǣ㵹ãţĵƬƲƲɾ

㻹ƭ˵ʲôգǵӴˣȻΥ

սž͵ͷùһ仰һء

ƽʱ϶СĵģϣѾҹˣƬ̲ûˣ˾裬˭֪Ǳĵ

ڻͷϣǳϧЩѾùղѣպϵһͬϽͣղҳԶײذСʱǹѵһԺ󣬹Ż

һΣԹյҲ˴÷ϧĳһ๵˵ȥϸǸŮǷ֣⣬Ź⹫㼴ںͼŵĶϢ

ʲô̧ͷ㵵ؿŹ

ɫƽĴѾµĺۼ

ƃ˺ܾõѡͼŵԣƃ϶Ȩϴϣֻܵˣʺ㣬Ȳ̫ǿƣҲӰ㽫̳йϡ

Ŀ⿴Źգϣ㽫ܹӵҸĻ

˫𾪲ѡ

ĸףңܽܡ

Ӳܣ㶼ûѡأΪż̳ˣ±ɲ㣬ҲҲ˽̸ԭֵô󣬱Ҫж

ڿƤϣһһ˵Ϊ˹ϵӵĻ飬Ѿͼŵˣֻ֪һ

ĮؿŹգ·̸۵Ĳǹյ£һճ¡

մĸ׵￴˲ɸĵļ

뿪ϴ¥ת˺ܾã·һʱ䲻֪Ӧȥ

ڼȵջؼң绰ӣϢҲأϴ绰ҹǣǽҲû˵Ϊլˡ

ǣլҲһϢء

Ϻܵģ֪ͨ˳ȥҹա

R&Lڹڳֹ˾һʱ䣬ڹϵҪܶý߶ŲĹϵ

Ҫˣݱ㷢ɢϢû˼ա

Щý߶ЩĵĹֱϵȥңһЩ

ûţȥճȥĵطһҡ

˺üû˼գʱݴ绰˵˼սһKTVҹꡣ

ϿϹȥǰ̨˵ûգֱһԪ󳮳ڱһš

ϸŷԱҵ䣬ƿţ濪ɫĲʵƣӫĻһ׽һ׵طŸ裬ȴû˳

ϵĿڷѰһ飬һɳĽ￴ա

ֻһˣɳϣȦһСţֻСè

ʾԱ뿪źߵյȥ

Աߵϣż֧ơƣƿϡ

üͷյľôܺȵôƣȻơƵĶߣƿҲˡ

ϸӣѹձ

ƿ䣬ϲСһƬˮա

ͷһǿаѹշɫƹ£ܿȫˮ

ƺ˺ܾãĽëմ顣

գôˣһѡ
żҡҡĿٵϴһͷЩңˮ⣬ƺûбĲףúõġ

ϲĵ·˿ûеĺۼ

Ƥۣõͻºۼ˶֣һȫ޺ۼġ

һնһָӵĵط̫Σˣûʲô£Ȼð˶ˡ

һְԼֵ磬Ҫǹֵط˯ˣһЩ۵¡

׵ĳֽȥϵˮ

ʪ͸ֽвЩأյ׷ʲôˣǵһμտޡ



91 
ϷŹ,ĶߺչԣʲôˣҺ𣿡

ϵ,ù΢΢۾

Ĵһˮ,ƺЩն

δʣϵ㶵,һ,ֿ

۵İգô,ޣڣú¡

,޵øˡ

ϣϲ㡣

,֪,Ҳϲ㡣

㲻֪ҡҡͷ,ӨߵӲ׹䡣

ĺϲ,ǰܾúܾǰϲ,һֱһֱ㡣

մһŨصľϵĻ߶߶˵š

Ҳֿ

յ͵͵˵ţˮʪϵ

,ֿظĺ,ο

ҡҡͷ,ϣҺѹ

̧ͷ,涵ϡ

ҵĺۣѹ

ץǰ½ʹüͷ

ѹģҪ޷ˡ

ϿŹʹ޷ֵģĿڷ·𱻴̽һУʹһһ㣬ɢ

ûվȻ

θһֱ׷գʼιϵùһԼ

һֱôΪģȴ֪ĵ׵İ⾹Ȼ˿Լ٣صô

֪յģôܲԻع

꣬ϵĸգͬһѧѧ

ǹͬһרҵƷơ

ӵмߵ츳һ飬𽥻ҫ۵ĹâעĿ

ʦмӣ

ʱͬǳŬɼ㣬ֻǣͨ˵Ŭ֮Ĳȴǵ

Ѿ˼ҹƸ壬ȴȲϺżȻк֣ӱһǳɵƷ

ԸҪǿĹ޷ܣƱԣذܸա

ֻҪкڣԶֻǵڶ

֪˭ģߵһ

ڰȥŨʱ򣬹ͻȻߺգԼҪ˽ˡ

ߵôϣɣһЩûֵʱⶼٵġ

յһӣƾŵĲŻһִR&Lڴҵ·նһ·ǰȴʼ߲ǶθӰ

ҹ˾ʱϴ档

ɼȾزϸϳãհȥϤĽ̵ְֵؽͼԼһڡ

ʦLCOԽ̵յļȻһܱȵġ

Ʒں˺յҲΪʲôںܹ谭ؼ̳LCOš

LCOһţһλܹעƴʦ֧R&Lĺ֧֮һ

ֻҪLCOR&LԶ׷Ķơ

ļʱУһλĽӰˣԳмͷԼR&LһС

Ӫ棬ϱȺոΪ㡣

ϵõ˺յһУҲ˺յʹĥ

ն̵֮֮飬ĵʦ

Ӷʮǰϵĸ׽մһоע֮ʦĸԵ֡

ʱʧʹʱ̣ʧǵ·ϣ㱻ХĴײ

ϵĸ׼ʱƿ˺գԼȴûüܿ

ʧؿŵѪеŮˣԼԱ߿޵˺ѷεСŮЧվСŮú

սԼһкޱظǸСŮҲԼĳעСŮġ

ںһ̣µԸǣùΪľڣҲʹζ

ΪǸҵ˵ľڲ

һλعҪúһִR&L׽鰮ƷܣĳЩɸ˵뷨

ùŮԼ԰ѷֵʱٽŮ񵱳Ĺһ

ҪùԼŮʹ֮УƷձʹࡣ

Ǹˣǹա

ʶ¶£ûбκΰȾ֮ǰȻĳġ

ֱ治壬ԼľǷԵĵ׵һݼ¶

ԷǹգǷ񻹻Ϊһļƻôʱ˼հԼһĶȥ

ԥΣΨûϵյľȻ˿Լ١

ڹյߣյ˺ֻ࣬ͬϧĳţ֮š

ȻƬĵģǣϴ࣬Լϼ̳ˮȴŵġ



ڼֻһˡ

ʹѵԴϴֳˡ

ٽף˾ϰŵĻҲ

ֿȵ̳󣬸ִСᶼ̨

ΪͷۣϹͼŵĻƃɶ飬ûع˾ϰࡣ

ڼһ죬̹׽Ҫ£סĸǱߣҲҪ飬ԺиıĻᣬֻҪܹͺá

һ취Żµġ

һڼڣ緹ǳˡ

ȴûһ绰ϢҲûС

ҲոϢҪʱԷģ͡

ǽգһֱȵڣûӵϵĵ绰Ϣûŵ

տһ΢ţԼȥϢһֱûյظ

ĵ׺Ȼӿһֻš

Ҵҵ߽֪Ϊʲôܾ̫еա

һ˯£任һ·Ȼ֣Ĺӿһ롣

ٵȫϵ·

Żŵ߳תһȦʲôûУƽʱʹõĶҲˣԡҲûУˢҲһֻʣ¹Լˢ

ͻȻǰӵӣǸʱˡ

ģؿһӣԽԽ󣬿նģʲôˡ

ֻزϵĵ绰յȴһһ޷ͨʾ

ռ᲻ܿƵص˿ӣ֣ͨӵĵ绰

ллأӵĵ绰ͨˡ

ȥˣҲһھʣŻŵģûƽտάֵȡ

ͷĬһᣬڹմʼ̵֮˵Ͻ㣬ȥˡ

ȥȥĹԢ𣿡ռеʵҪ׼ˣȥסĹԢ

ǡӵܣԲϽˡ

ʲô

ջԼǲˡ

ôͻȻ뿪һ仰û¡

Ǹ˾ǩ˺ԼôͻȻ뿪
ץסʲôҪĶ뵽ϵĺͬһϣ

ܣϽ˾ǩĺֻͬһ꣬ԼǣҪȦչȸǶǩֻеǶԼǩ˾
̣ս͹ںͬ顣

е£ڻȥΪʲôѵ˾ܾԼ𣿡

飬ҲҪһ˼

ŵؾܾϡ

ţϽ㲻ԼˣԼľ

ΪʲôͻȻȥûи˵һ벻׵ôˡ

ӳĬһ˲Щݡ

ܣҺܱǸϽ㣬㲻Ҫ

ʲôףظʵ

ҲĲ̣ȴòٴظ

ʵҲ벻ףΪʲôͻȻˣȻߵôôϡ

϶Թյĸ飬Թ߶ܿףѵϾôģ˵һ䣬뿪ˡ

ǣĵĹգȴ޷οΪȷʵߵһУˡ

Ҷϵ

ʵ޷ܣͻȻ뿪˼ȥԴ벻ԼʲôѵΪһ

һԶûеķֱʹġ

ڰյģûûģϲȥҲ䲻Զûսᡣ

ѩüֱҪӶˡ

˵ʲôţ˵Ǹöǲ

ѩﲻϵⲽ

㿴ڣʲôӣôãƾʲô㰡

۾һҹһ㲣ɫ԰ֽ÷·ʱᵹȥ

գһ㣬ˣͲĵģֻѣ㲻Ϊģ

ѩ׽Źյļҡ

ǹպ޷Ӧ

ѩϸһ¹յɫѾûԹˣɫ׵Ĳ񻰣˫ҲɿݿѣҲ̶á

ѩҧҧû취ҪùԵ㶫УȥҪȥҵˡ

գ˵㻹ң£ȥҾͲһǮҲһˣ

ѩݵ˵ţڿն˶ӡ

ռգһ۾ɺԵ촽΢š

˵ʲôѩѶյĴߣΪѾ˵ʡ

ѩɱܽһº͵Ŀˮǰźȡ

պ´뱭ˮѵĴõںЩˣֻɲ԰ס

ѩüգҪԵ㶫ȻӿžҪȥˣ˵ȥˣſڶ߲ȥ

áռӦһ

ѩæֻȥһѶ

ҲҴ̼գҲû˵ʲôû͵ŹһᣬȻֻյһϢ

ôˣ
䷢Ϣ

ѩŵ˵һ£û˵Ҫȥ¡

ܵĹգû°˹ռҡ

ѩ͵һ

ŹնԵ㡣

ŵʱ򣬾ͿһСһСڵسŶ

ȻʼԶˣľľģһûʲôľż

俴ʹ˵ʲôȴѩȥ˵Ļᡣ

ꡣѩһƣ
Сڱ˵ʲô̼㲻֪Һһ죬ò׺סˣڿϳԵ㶫ʳȥ˶ûˡ



92 
üͷý,ôأô˵

ѩһ°ۣ˵,,Ц

ҭסˣȷʵ,,ѩ

䣺ڶǸôģ

ѩˡ

˶Ĭûϵ֡

ĬһᣬŴ,ĺԼмûв룬ҿ

𣡡ѩҲؾֹ䣬ڻϵ,˵Ѿϵʽˣ˵,,ߵͲǸõ,һ𣿡

,úеֻǿ⸱û,ʹʶôãûʧĵµģ

ԸԼĿڲһ,ҲԸ⿴

û,ѩϳȥˡ

ΪճһЩ,ѩȥ

Աţɴ۾,ѿھ͵գǲǷˣҪȥôԶĵطôң

ѩƳ档

ҾǺȰסˣҪȥǻʲôУҲҵʲôģ͵ȥˣɢɢĻ˵ͨˡ

ţҲһ취˳ѩ˼Ȼؼȥˡ

ֻһô޷⡣

ѩ˵˵ȰһùȻ졣

ѩǱѣûиպʶϵˣҪҵõģܺùȥǱߴ룬֪Ҫҵʲôʱ

ңѩҪҪúóԷú˯ܳԶȥϡ

ѩ˺һ࣬ڰѹȰסطȥ˯ˡ

Ĺһڼ벻ûչˣڿͷҹ

ǰҲռңĿͷǺϤģȹհţԼܸԼźˡ

Ъ£ֻϢʾ

䡿ҷˡ

ѩ

䡿Ů̫鷳ˣ塣

ѩһ۵ıȥ

ѩ֪һֱϲգӴôһʱ䣬Ϊͨˣû뵽һʧϾͷ֡

˼ܸһ

䡿ˡ

ѩ˭

䡿ӣȥˡ

䷢һȦͼǿӷ¶̬һƱһİ뿪ĵأ³

ѩܳϵϣˣǱһģߣҿ˼ҷҲδغġ

Դعʱʱ˾ЩС͵͵˵ǰϺܳӣͿһ֮ǰһֱΪϺͿһԵġ

ڶ죬ѩŹ˯ˣͣҪȥ˾

˾˶࣬͹ڣ˶һ˺˼룬ҲһЩ

û˼ױһͳˡ

˹˾ѩֱŹȥ칫ң˵ˣҪȥοЦһ

˾һ飬Ҫѩ˵ͣ

˵˵ţѩﲻס²һ䣺˵Ǹںӣ˭ֻһҲֻпϵ

ձɳϣϥǣŲﱻݿĲҶȻѩ仰ѩ׵ʱҰһƬ

һѩʾ졣

ߵɳߣڹ£ͼ˵˵ɢע

˵˰죬նûʲôӦ

ѩŰۣߣˣһ㶼У

йҪ䣬ȥæˡ

ǱѾŹϼŹͼŶӻƃϢǶҲϵضԹպϵƬһ£˵ǹ˾ŵĳʵ˳ͨѾǶֽԼ

Ϣٴը˹

ǹҪͺͼϢʼδһء

Ϻ͹յCP۵֪ϢҲ׷һء

ȻϺǶֽԼͻȻҲûϢ

ǧ򻽣ϵ΢¹Ǻȴʼյòһ

ܶ˿ܵǶֵĹкը˵ǶֶɱϣǿҪǶֽǵų

Щֵ飬䶼ȥܣΪղˡ

ǣѩڰ칫˵ֻһ߷ţһ߶һҡֶڿѲݳϢ

ԭڹڸANDֶϹһǿҵķ죬ֵľ˺ȻʶڹھȻôߵ̱ʯֶӵȥݳᣬȻᵽڵĳڿ첻ٵĳȥ

̱ʯֶӣ뵽֣ĺѣһ֪ġ

հĵصҵ̱ʯֶݳĳʱ仹磬ݳδʼ

˺ܾã͵Զ֪ʲôݵһһ۾Ͷˡ

ŵĴ忴վ˺ܾã߹ȰСڵ˭ѽٹһҪݳˣ˺ܶģ㵽ȥɡ

ת԰׵Сݵ°ͼģֽƬˡ

ǸŮѡ

Ĭһᣬû˵ﾭݳᣬ춼˵ǵѡˣˣ¶ȥôãһֱŹ򣬴ҷЩ˽롣

ǹտȥЩ˲̫һҲ֣һֱţıӰ·𱻷һͻᵹȥ

ŵĴ岻֪ôͻȻһ˿֮ġ

СȥȰɣһ¥ϢңһǾ׼ױˡ

һȲùս룬ŹգʲôûӦûʲôΣգ£Ҳֲʲô

ǵŶӳ˹ԱбڣҲаŰά򣬾ƾһεεС﷭ʲô

̾һԼŵΪǿ˸ɡ

ŹıӰʧűߣ°Źغá

ս棬תСȦŴ˵ϢңһᣬȻ洫һ˳ȥȻһȺ߽

ЩûһǹʶģãȻվڹߣһȺ˴ǰߵǰü

СӱǰˣҪ׼ݳᣬ˵Ȳ

֡

һЦ

֣ÿ̫ˣݳ˶ģҪҲƱݳɡ

˵꣬Ҫѹȥ

һ㶯ע⵽

գ
һ㵵ԱߴǸҪϹ뿪ĹԱˣͣסˡ

ֽ㣬ʶ

ţѣûʲôˣȥæɣҸ˵˵

ִ˹ԱߵǰЩûտȥˣɫ׵ļ͸˫Ѫɫ

գô

տվǰ֣̲ס*

ֻЦ˵ӣޣʱЩ޴룬ִӿ㶵ͳһֽᡣ

ձޣºú˵Ҫ£⣬۸㡣

׽סֵ֣ŵ֣ȥҰϺòãˡ

֣

˭ϣ

Щ𾪣֮ǰ϶Թͷεӣô޵ôġ

ˣǲǲҪˣ

տŶ϶˵Һ֣ȥ𣿡

ֿ˫ƯˮݵʪģԼҲɵһʹ

ϾȻģˡ

ʱ־;һ˻ع϶£ϿЦ˵ҪĺŮû뵽

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һ֪ԼŰѹմȥһģǣտ޵ôģĲġ

˾סհοգȱޣһһݳᣬݳˣҾʹȥҰϡ

Ѿݳᣬⳡ󣬻Ϣʱ䣬ÿԻһ

ȴЩŽɵؿ֣ҲִӦ̫ˣţкܶο֪ҶǺģûԸȥϡ

գģҴӦ㣬һشȥ˵ˣڳң˭ܴҵ𣿡

˵ţֳƤգգ۾

ֻ֪Ŷ

ɿ֣ãҵ㡣

ԡЦü䣬յͷ

ңҪܣݳҾ㡣

հϢĸСʱڼ䣬ѩ仹йǶ绰˵ȥѣǷģһֱ

֪ȥԣʲô˵ɴػˡ

ڣֺݳᵽβֵֺͺƽ

ֹ˴ŰСʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲԶһƿϢҵš

ֻеգԲõˡ

վǿһЦݣҲûеȺܾá

߹ȥյ֣߰ɣȥҶźˣպ٣ҴҰϣ

šոˣֻɫɲ԰ס

ʮСʱķɻż˯һᣬֻܿһֱϡ

¼ϣ£Ժ󣬱һظߡ

ֲһֱɻȻʧˡ

ڣܼˡ

ִŹմֱȥR&Lİ칫¥ǰ죬Ӧڹ˾

ֶǰ̨ĽӴԼ֣˵Ҫܡ

ǰ̨òѯʣԤԼ𣿡

ʼ磬ûУǣҸǺܺõѣͨһ£ҲԿ԰ɣһҪ飬˵ܻ᲻ᷣ㣿

ϹŲõЦݣһ治ɫвǰ̨Ů

ǰ̨Ӵ룬ڻǸͨһ

ûãǰ̨µ绰ֱϹϾ˵ȥ

ϸ˺յգ˾˾ǰƺһܡ

ղϤһɵһʲôס

ֻ֪ߡ

ݺֶЦع˵ȥϣڰ칫

šЩŵصͷûü˼Ϊʲôֵطϰࡣ

ϵİ칫¥ܰ˵ݣ˹·Ǵͷİ칫ǰ

ţƿһ伫Ϊİ칫ң˰칫һߴܣԱһܣ⻹һųεӣ̯ܶƸֽֽš

ڰ칫ǰͷļŵ̧ͷһ˲м

ϵȻıڿߵĹպ󣬽һ¡



93 
ϵĿת,һۡ

ڨڨЦţϣþò,ôҲ˵һ,Ƕû۹ˡ

ĬĬؿûд𻰡

,üмʵ,εòУ˵仰û˴

Ĭ˼,һ䡰ҳȥ绰˳ȥ

칫ҵºϣվڿİ칫,ǰϣȻ޴ĸо

ϴ,ա

һװ,ⲻͬʩױ,ȥһˡ

Ũ޵ĺ촽,Ȼ˸ܵһѹȸС

յͷ֪Ϊʲô,ܽţͨͨúңܻš

Դһ뷨

ô,,Ժ,ȴ֪˵ʲô

Ͼǰȴʲô˵,һֱ

սŵ඼ˣƴСؿڵϣ㡭ôͻȻˡ

ϵĻ˵ȴһƶûУģе

ԣˣ

΢ָ̧յ°ͣƴСݵһⶼûУ°ּϸ·õˡ

ձͷĿԡ

ϵɫ²ⲻ뷨ĵ׵Ĳ

֪ʲôط𣿡

ϵʣİƺĳֳ

մؿʲôϡ

Ϲ𴽽ǣR&L鰮Ʒͷ

ĺ촽һһϣ䣬Щ̡

ĸ֪᲻ýţ

յɫһƬҰס

ĿһʹǺݲ

ջ֣תŹա

ȥɣûʲô˵ġ

ϣףԼΪʵ㲻Ϻˡ

뿪Ժϻص칫ǰȴҲļ

磬Žһֻ̡

Ϲ̫æͶڰ칫ԣԺͷ

Դϻû͸ӷˣ뿪ңҹ·绰ϴһ

̾һÿӹԾϵ˽нˮǶָĸߡ

˾˲Ҷϵ죬˽￴ǰ׽ӣÿϵˡ

ӰѲ̷ŵĲ輸ϣߵǰվһᡣ

л˵

ͷҲ̧˵

±ߡӵ˵ţӡ

˭̧ͷ

ܡӴһϵɫ̵˵

ϣʲôط

̻ԡָָ⡣

ߵߴĲǽ¿¥̫ˣԼԼܿһӰ·ߵ̻ԡ

򴽣ֻص¡

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Ŷһ۴Хĺ硣

Ҳ̫ˣԤ˵нӽ0ȵ¡һ¿ˮ̵˵緹ֲԣҲ֪ͳûԡ

ҹߵüİ칫ֱӾˣ¶û

ʱһů͵оһ㣬4Ժͷƫûͻú䡣

졣һȥһůʵĴ¸ٸһ

ͣһ£ȰعҪ԰Ʊ

ӳȥԺһᣬߵȥ

¥ǵӰСƺһСţֻСè

󲿷ǸƷƵ꣬ӽȥѡһףõ¹ʡ

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пȵ꣬Ӳ֪պȲȿȣҲĿζڵһƫĿŵȡ

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ӴӴȡ£߹ȥռϡ

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ռЩ⣬Ȼ˵ֻ˿һ˻ǿӡ

Ժղڰ칫䵭顣

ͷϸʹӿ·Ҫ޷

ܣȵȵĶĶʮֺ䡣

Ӱѿȵݸա

տſȱľľģҲûнӹȥ

ûӣЩۡ

Ҳ֪ôˣȻôġ

ҧҧЩѵ˵ܣ㻹عɣҿ԰Ʊȥ

һ£ĿӿȱƵӵϡ

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ӲĿ⣬ת˵ͷ

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մ۽ޣȥ

ǲǲӦ͵͵ģ˲䱻紵ɢˣ˭Ҳû

ȵ㿧ȰɣȵģůθְĿȵݹ

ҡҡͷûнӡ

֪ȿȣÿȸѾЩ

ԽԽѹȻãððʧʧϣǲĴˡ

ǣ֮ǰôãѵЩǼٵ

ſվһᣬҲر죬ղԼֻûذ칫ˡ

ϵݣϵĵ绰ʹˡ

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ӷһ°ۣ˵ܣ߿ʹ绰ȥ칫ң϶涢š

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ûԣҲҪӾĿȡ

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죬ֲ֪ȿȣҲ˵

ϳĬһᣬȻҳԿ״ȥͣˡ

Ź˰СʱϻĶӡ

øҪ˵ġ

ӣ

ͷһ̲ӣȻܿһ̲衣

̲ٴ¥̻ܵں̫ãɫЩࡣ

ܹȥ̲óŵ

ܣ̲裬һ㣬ůůӡ

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ӿҲۣܣݵߡ

˼ڣů㴼̲˳źУʹñҲů

߽һЩְѹռϵĴ㡣

ܣȰ״ðɣӲűů

պ°뱭̲裬оһЩ˵̧ͷ

лл

ӣлպÿ̲ͬ裬Ҿһ

ֵͷ˵

̾СĺȰ״á

̲ŵٿһʵʵ׿ӣŷĵػȥ

ս칫ң˵ôñӣô죬ðġ

ӷһ°ۣղ׵Ǯ㻹ûҵÿûôǮ

ϴӲǽ߻ֻתһǮ

ñӡΧףҪʽÿģϲѿĶ

üֽһ䣺ЩҲˣԶԶҪȥ˱ĵطҲȥ

ǰɱķ汣ˡ

ֻһ΢ת˵ŷԪһ㣬ʱ˶

ģһῴģ

˵ɿس˳ȥ

ղյĿû˺ȣԼȵˣھͷţܵҲر졣

·߼ģһͬɫϵΧñӺףǰɫģһۿȥرʺϹգҲȥתˣÿǼǮοյġ

ƿţȥеԱһΧñӺףֻһǮ㣬ʣСһŷЩǿӵˣ̵Ŷߣ·һƷ꣬ǵǰϻйһԷʱܻյһЩƷ

߽Ʒ꣬תһȦҲûã̵ĶҲһЩΪζȽģߡ

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ӿ߼ϹȥȡΧñȸմϣְ

䣬ܣҪעⱣ塣

ƺѾϰ߿ʱʱԼһЩҲûʲôرķӦԼһůñӣҲһܴůİɫΧ

ܣһЩƷҪԵɫζŶ

ӶӣƷӴ򿪡

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Լ·ߵè˹·ĺ˿ʩһóԵĸ

һֱੲݵĿӹȻ˵ˣҲ˼

վԽߡ

һϤ·ֻ˳·һֱߣҲ֪Ҫȥ

ӴӺ׷Ա߲ͣȰ

ܣز죬Ҫߣ磬ȥƵϢһ

ûлӦţֵǰһĹ㳡߹ȥųһᣬЩеڹ㳡ͷ羰

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һ飬ǣŹյһֱݲݵؽ飬ص칫ң͸Ĳǽȥɫðģ·ȴյӰ

ϼظϵ¥£⸽Ҳա

ѹĵ׵ĻңԼԸӸŹգԷЩ

óֻ绰ȴպÿӴ绰

ղſֻûע⵽硣

ͨ绰ӵЩżεˡ

ϵĶʱһ

ӣĹ㳡

ܻȥȥͣѳӿ

Ĺ㳡ԶԶӺ͹һųϣտڿӵļϣ˯ˡ

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ųԿӵҲع˾ˣʰһϵĶ

˵꣬һţʽӱɫܳ뿪



94 
סһ԰ĺ,ԴӺȥԺֻӶˣճά,ϺڼԷ,ҲҪź

ѳӿŹճ,ӶȥһʵĿͷ

վڿĿ,ͷŻˣȻź·,ȴܲ׵ëΧķɫĵøӰ͸

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ͷһʱ,ȰѹձԼȥЪϢ

ϵһλ˽ҽǰչ˺յ,ʶҽ,Ҳϵʽ

û̫ã˽ҽ͵ˡ

Ӷ˽ҽǰ,š

ϴ,ҽӭȥ˵һ¹յ

ҽԹһЩ̫ӵļ,ȷûʲô⣬жڼ»ʡ

ҽ취ùսʳȻҪͽҽԺˡ

ҸݹĿǰ״,Ӧóʳһʱ,,Ѫ㣬еѪѣ֢״,ָܻõʳɣӰܣɲת˺

ɫҽš

ص䣬ŴϵӰ˼

˺վ⣬ǣʱȴ޷

һΣţǻͬѡ

ҹС꣬ձŨĺڰǣǹ⡣

ƽ󣬶ˮôŴž졣

üͷƺӵ˯ߡ

۾ĿȴһƬڰֻдԶԶ͸·΢Ĺâ

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ڿůů¶Ƚĺ

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ϵ׺ë¶ѵˣֻʣһ㵥¡

¹խȵֱͲ㵹ûжɴϡ

´ĵƺȻˡ

վűߣĿⶢŹղ޵̺ϵ˫㡣

ձͻȻֵӰһϳɫܿ侲

ȻǰżҲ¶ɫ׻ǲ̫һģʱֻҪϺܿͻչ¶Цա

ڣϻȴһ־У·𿿽Ҳһð

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Ьӣ

Ĭһᣬ˵ϵһ䵭

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ͷϿ˿ڿβĵطҵһ˫ոµëЬ

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С룬ʢһ

տ˿Լǰֿ࣬ϵǰʲôûС

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ձһԴԼԶ࣬ʱЩǰһ࿴һᣬس

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պһվ뿪

е㱥͵ĶӴߵ԰ĲǽߣͷڳĻֱֱ׹ڲǽϡ

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һԶ룬˼ڣһֱͨ˵˵緹һҪʱԣС㲻Ըԣʱԡ



95 
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ѵ˵ȥ֣ϲ

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ͣ³Ƶһ߸մ򿪳š

ոɿȫվűߵϣһ£̵³

ɢһ㺮⣬뺮Ŀһղɴ˸

Ϲغóţߵ߰ϵΧһЩ

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ﻷţͬӼűȽϿľ룬Ȼż䣬ȴΪ̫ڵĸо

϶ϣ¿ĳ³ĵرã֪š߹䡣

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Աһߵͷһˢˢˢֽϼ¼

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ϵִӹյ°ϻһƬļ˸ѹ·촽סյ졣

䵭ڻںڳҹ

һŻ𣬽հţٳɻҽ





96 
պ,˯˺ܾòϵȴϸ롣

ԡԾһȵˮ

սȥһᣬŻ

ߴȫ,ƿߡ

ԡ,Сĵزϵˮգ·¥

¥ݵڰĿر,̤һݵʱ,ͻȻǰ

ЦؿŹգ칫¹һٰʮת䡣

Ϻ,С㣬ɫãɫ,ݹѽ

һ£Լôݹ,ղױǰеȦ

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СȥͰɣȻһȥɢɢ,ȥ·

˵

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ȫû,׼˷ʢͣСԱ,Ǿͳɢ˵СϲƷʳĴϺܶྫµƷ決꣬Ҳв̲꣬˿ȥԵƷЪһЪ

նԶ̬ЩӦӦһȥԶ

ϰӣƷе⣬ҲţǺ͸ȥȻĲʽЩơ

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ڵ߹ʣСҪȥɢɢûüúùߵĽֵҴȥϤһ»ɡ

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֪յݺǰܽ鶼ҪõģǼλ

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һ纫ִ绰ϸϸһ飬ûô£һ½ôϸ

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ĺˣҽæٶ඼áһְҵ΢ЦԹ˵

·һƷ꣬ͣ½Ųѯյ

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ͷǽȥһɡ

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ڷԱָ£ҵ˵ϵ̲б

￧ȵȽ϶ֻֿ̲࣬ζͨս˵һ飬еһ̲衣

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Ա߸˵һͬ˼

Ů¶һõЦݣԣƯ𣿡

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վϲʣǻ᣿

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һȴվȺ֮УԼ



97 
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ۼˡ

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98 
ϱһЩ,˵ҳǴҲԣԺ󲻻Ҳˣװ,Ҫòã

Ҳţ㶼һشҵ,ҿǱһˣ㻹ҵʲôʱ򣿡յߵһһµ

Ժ϶Լ䵭,ԼҪͶͱ,üΪѿ

ϷһЩĻ,һˡ

ﲢȫˣǳ,һֱ¹ԲֲͨϤһҲ֪ô,ʱ˸Źա

ڹΪ˱ܿڴ,ļ١

ù˶治Ȼû׷Ϲ,ȴҲûа˸

ʲô̼һ,ܵ÷ɿ죬֪˶,һֱܵȫûͣ

˫ȷȥ

ϳȥס˶ٵش

,Ҫ,Ҳ,ԭҺòã

ŹյĶϣغ

ձ۾,ˮСϪһ

ҺȣʱôףҺ¡ϲңԺҲ㡣

ޱȵ§Źգ֪ǴͻȻ뿪ԼԼԥ˺˹գЩӣҲûһ˯ãÿնܼ尾

΢ָ⸧Źյ԰׵СˮôƵġ

СĨĴ

̽룬·뽻Ĵ䣬

ڽͷϣ˵ǡ

գѵܲҵ𣿡

ڹտҪʱϷſĶͷǵ

ʪӣͬɪɪ滨

ϣ㡭

иͷڹյļ䣬޷ڣʶҧҧǹĴ꾭ҧ

۵ôһ顣

˳ϵĻϡ

㣬ǲֻзй

Ļ˵԰׵ոϱ졣

һᣬ׹յ˼ɫ˼֡

ʱ䣬̫ᣬԳƵϴֱûй˼յ飬ù˲ί

Ϊ˷йҿкܶѡ񣬿ǣֻ㡣

ϵͷصڹյĶϣҰ㡣

ŹյĶߣ˵Ӻܾǰʼһֱδ䡣

ҷԺҲᶪһˣң𣿡֣ĵ·Ҫ䱦

̧ͷϡ

ϣǿһֱһ𣿡

Եģһԡϰĺ󱳣˫Զĳ־

ΪùհģϰԼ칫ҡ

ڰ칫ǻռӵʱ۾ǺģΧ

Բ𣬹ܣҲãϽ㡣Źյ䣬˵Ũر

ϹѹպͿӷֿòװѹպãɲÿְŪޡ

ǰҾѹ㣬ģҪĸ飬ںˣȥúϢɣʲôʱͨˣٻϰࡣ
ϾѿӴߣʡﰭ¡

һ⻰ۿỨʱס䲻ˡ

㣬Ҳϰ࣬ҹ𣿡

΢΢һЦᡣ

ӽһ£ǣһǲϢ˰ɡ

̫ðɣôģҪϰҲ̫ˡԥ

ӣʵϸ룬ҲôģʱʲôܲһĻҪһ߱۹ʣǲǸҡ

סߵЦޱȻô˵ǾɣסҪǾѹˣ٣ȥúϢ

Ҳٵģ㣬ĺˡ
ҧŴ˵꣬ȻɿܳȥˣǺٶһᣬϻǿзż١

տſѸʧıӰһ˲

ôˣ

ùЦһӵԸ֣ڵúܣοûãЧá

ǸţҲûкĸɡճ˵

̾ϢһʵԤϵֽѳֲסԼ˽ȥٹһ߳ġ

ϵĻһԼǰӲ跹˼ӣ̾ұˣûôǿ

һϱһڣϴҲԣҷԺ󲻻ģң𣿡

ϣáձסϣͷĻһ

ϲϵĻů㣬˯ٲҲԸ⡣

һ߿عںãӣԼеࡣ

ɤӣСʣǸܣҪûʲô£ˣ

̧Ƥһۣȥɡ

һֱѹڼ߽ţûȫУϤ»ǰǾԼ߱ȽϺá

ɴ⣬ɿˡ

磬ȫ˾˶֪ŮѵģһһλɫŮԭǰһֱˡ

һʱ䣬ҶԿӵ̬º࣬кܶĪͬĿڿϣǿ˫ͨĴݣÿӱ൱±ơ

ǶԼͻȻõԵҲܸˣͶˣȻͰЩѹ

ϵİ칫ҳ˴ûʲôȤĶʱ칫Ұš

ҺùľϰҲѰ

ϲߣһ̧ͷܿϣĸоİ

˾иָʱ־˰¼־һա

ȻնӢĲ̫ϤЩ־ͼƬȽ϶࣬ҲԿ򷢵ʱ䡣

գЩЩ·㿴ûϲģ°֮ȥ򡣡
ڰ칫ǰһ߷ļһ߸˵

ǣѾ˲·
յͷ־мǶȥЩƷƵƷˡ

ûϵϲľͶ򼸼Ŵת顣
תһ±ͷͷĿռ䲻󣬲磬ҷ˯ɣкܴñ䣬ңҲ󡣡

Цһ£

תͷһۣ΢죬㲻Ҫ˵ֻñô룡

ô룬ⲻȻ𡣡ʼ磬ң˶Ҳ̫Ϥ

գ㻹湤ɣõЧҪӰࡣ

ϣҲԣҪЩļ㱦ȥ·

ڹԱţϵĹЧ죬϶ѻĹļ

ڴ°֮ǰŹմ뿪˾

Դӹ˾˶٣һĺڲٻСƤޱǼӰϱϷ

ںܱ˶°࣬ǡ

ڰ󣬺ãҲɫ

˭վǰ̲סľսʱ̵Լûʲôطòá

ҺŮǰҪ˼󣬾Ҳ̫ףŮѡ

R&L칫¥ĹԱԷθػӭգͲùźܲźá

ϧûĶãղٸźϰˣ˵ѵ࣬ȥѧϰˡ

¥ǲɴض㣬޲Լͬʱͨģܰѹڰ칫¥ˡ

Ȼȹղٸźȥϰǣĳһ쿪ʼܲˣǰӸһٱ

գմѵ뿪ȥϰ칫ҵ·ϣźɫװīסһȡīߵǰ

ʶǸˣǹıڡ

տ֪ĸҵԼˣʲô˦ǣ˱㿪żɽ˵ضסԺˣСع

ʲôĸˣһסԺͻˣﲻôˣ

ָ·ߵһСعȥضɣ˵

ôһ˵ոˣȥƺء

룬ˡ

ϳյֻͱߣֱӴ˽˷ɻع

ڹ˾ȲգֻؼҵȣȵҹǲӰ绰ֲӡ

¼˹ʲô⣬ý;ȫѰգѵ·ߵһμ¼񣬷ֹԸ뿪ģߺҲûл

һ仰û¡

֮ǰѾֻҪԸһֱԼߣԲ׷ǰ飬ııƻٶԹϵ鰮ƷΧ׷½ء

ǣջ뿪ˡ

R&Lٿһ¡صļ߻ᣬ״ζ⹫ܼŵܲԼŴɶ

ⳡдᣬĳƵķͬʱͶŵڸýϲš

ǷλصR&LܲüɶȻʱ綼ˡ

ҵ죡ŮȻôı

֮ǰ˵ʲôǼЦˣ˼ӵһ

찡찡ϲĹʴƾȻϲŮģһˣ

üǶΪŮɱԭǻȥ̳мҵˡ

ձͻլƿʱҽԺĹڿضŵﲥŵһš

عͷŹգЦЦ飬ùĵһ͵زһֲ̫õĸо

ͷϲˣһеȥ˼ңԼļҶҪˣ

յĿĻϯ̨ǰݵؽܼýʣͬʱʾR&LлΪҪҵչ򣬶ԼҲʱȥڵķ˿Ǽ档

ﻹйڼߵĽͷɷã󲿷·̹Ի֧ϣܶûR&LƷ˷׷ױʾԺ᳣ȥR&LﹺƷΪ֧R&L֧ϡ

һʱ䣬R&Lﵽʢ״ֱ̬תΪR&Lרֱ۶

㿴˼ûн뿪˼ҾȲٿ߻ᣬǹս

վߵǰ϶µؿԼŮ̵Цҵûа飬ֻ㣬鰮Ʒ

СҾͽ̹㣬Ҫ׶Ա˶飬ûκκô

ʵ֤ҵĻôȷ

ŹԼѵ²԰Ҳ̧ͷһ

ҼȻܰԺͱȥǸŮˣԹԵڼŸͼ

ջûϵȫ߻лȻĸ־ңɹ°

ĸף֪*ˣԺŬúþӪ˾ģܲȡ

ܡŮİ󣬹ȫ޶ԣ鰮ƷǼ崫аѪܻҵΪٵûбѡ񡣡

Į˵·̸۵ֻһ£Ů¡

Ѿźˣ죬ͻƃɾٰ충硣



99 
û˹յֻ,ڼͻƃɼϢ򴫱硣

Ҷ֪պϵţЩƬ,ת˲,˳Ϊҵϵľ֣Ҫ顣

ͬʱҲ鰮Ʒȶ,ƺ˴ǰΪֳĳ,׷׵ؿⳡѪ֡

Դӹ뿪ԺϾ˹ùֻ,ȴӵһͨĵ绰

ѩġ

һֱѩ̣ûʲô磬ûϵѩȻ绰

ͨ绰,ѩһؿھһٳÿμ

ѹƢ,ʣʲô,˷ҵʱ䡣

СѩȻ侲ҲóϿһЩ,ʵҪ,ѵ޶𣿡

ϣԼѡʲôʸ񷢱𣿡

ѩЩ,ģûѡأôܻϲƃˡ

ϳĬ,ѩֽ˵ʲô㻹֪,һʲôõ,۸Ҳں˹һӣ

Ǻܲϲ,ҸԸ⿴ٵһӡ

ȥɣߵ㿪ʼ

ϼδ̳ͼŶӵ飬ͼӴ׵ȾüգѾ˲֪˲

ŵĹƱҲΪһֶƮ죬һƬϲ

֮£R&LԵЩƵͻȻٿŷִܲõݹ࣬ڹȻ󲨣ЩΪɱķ˿һֱвƽû뵽ȻһͨĸӵʶݳƷƵĳѾ˳ɲƲӣʽΪR&Lƶˡ

һͬʱҲõ˷˿ǵ֧֣Ȼû˼죬ŵĹȴ˻ѶʱϱһЦ

֧ǵCP۶׷վߣӴķ˿Ⱥ壬Լкøе·˷ۣһȺͬϣʹR&Lרǣ׬

ݿͳƵݱ˵ϲüңϴԽ绰ʱѹѹסϲ

Ǳģݷ·һάȡ

¶׼𣿡

ݣ׼ˣϴģƬƵϣһ޴𶯣ɨء

ϣЩƬƵƬһСƬ˻ȥǵƬӻ

ݣû⣬Ѿźˣϴ͵ſϷɣһúݺݵĻȥ

šϵӦһҶϵ绰

Ŷߵĵ绰Ҳ̾˿

츳ߣ۹ֶıԣ̽缸ңû뵽ջһŮ˴ͷѼȥˡ

Ȼ׮ֻһҴ˶ǰ˵ģǹ˾󲿷˼Ϊޣ˾ܲ޿ֵϰ칫ҵЩˣĵףϺ͹ճɾû뵽ԷȻˣת˸ӡ

Բ̡

ڵϸշųҪͺͼϾͷԸݰеƃɵƷߵЩѣҲһ򣬻һЩȽзýѵ·ռٲϡ

ƃһ͵ľҷӣдʲô¶ֲҲ֪֪֮Լɴ೹׷ŷɣһ쵽ʲô¶ɣǸһȺӵܻһѣҹӵұӾɶԡ˯ɶԣĵԾɫ

õһЩƬƵϵķԸСƬƻڹպͻƃɵĶϵڲţʱΪЦ

ϼźͺͼ˼յĹƱҲȥ

統ڷյĹڱųֻҪúõⳡʽԺͲжɡ

ն˼գһݹӣƵˣװʦ·ǿʡ

ûбķӣֻ˳Ź˼μ궩ʽ취ܡ

֪һὫԼϢȥϿ϶Ҳ֪Ϣûֻ޷ϵ

ĵǣ֪ϿϢ֮ô롣

ϺòߵһͨĲԸһжһٵ

ǵÿ춼˯ţһ۾εΪʲô֮ĸ顣

ױʦһȽϺŨױϵ㲣ݹزμǳ¡صĶʽ

ݻۼ߹ׯĿˣյһֱڳб͵Ѱܿ޵

˴Сʱһ

ջʧ̨ĴӫĻڲ׼õVCR¼Ӱעȫؿʼ

ͻȻ̨·ݲıǿʼһ󾪺¶ŵ飬һ˿ֻ

մӱǵķӦʶӫĻϲŵĶƬҲʲô⣬תȥȴһ֡֡ĵ޶ȵƬŴչʾⳡ¡µĶϡ

Ƭż仺㹻ڳÿһ˿ƬϵǣӫĻϵĻ棬ųڵľڳī

һԲŹ뿪ֳ

ڶգʽ棬ƃɵȡ

ǸƬȻûȥȴڶֳĵһЩƬŵϡ

һв

ûԼֻȴϵϣ֤ͻնˣﶼȥˣȥһ涼

ѩÿһƲֵģ̲סԼϴ绰˵ƲⶩϵĶƬпŪġ

ЩùһֳܿûȥϽеϵʽжˣȻԼҵ

ǸƬ˭ģĿǰ̬ȴùոеĺ

ãϴҲԭˡ

ʱֱһ׮š

˵ǳҲΪ׵Щ

ʮǰӹѧɹּҵһʯװָѸվ˽Ÿϵż̳һҹ֮ƵƷҲ

Ƕʱ䣬ó˾ŷƸ壬۶ʹ鰮Ʒԭϳɳصľģʽ˲Ϊʱ׷ʱгƷ

ƾһ֮鰮Ʒһ̨ףһʱΪ̸ҲʵسΪļ̳ˡ

ֱԺתĻͳٽƴ

ڱһϢֱָƲǱ˵Ĵͨ;˵ƸΪС

ṩ˴ƬΪ֤ݲϣͼֽÿһƸĴ̡ڣԼһλʦǩ

ƪԴӷŵԺ󣬺ܿ˴ĹעѸٱѰһ

鰮Ʒִ˵ľš

ЩƸ嶼ǺյƷŨʱ򣬺ĸԸΪŮˣΪһУر

ֱѶֽ

ʮֺˬظ˺һǮΪǾŷָĹãȻ뺫ջޣϵ

һȥңԶLCOıøƴĽ𽱣һִR&Lš

һֱأϵֱգȻû֪LCOǺա

ľŷָ壬Լ֣ա

ЩϱղڵӲУż䷢֣˸˼׼ڹؼʱ̣Щ±ϣǽǹһ޷ϴѵĳš

Ҳ֪ǹŻǶԺģֵʱ򣬾ȻûȡǾŷָĴϣ١

ôҲȷʵûЩϴ£ǣ䵽ϵɲȻҪǸŮ˺ڣϵȻþһֶΣ

׮űԺ鰮ƷĹƱϵٴܵڵڸɡ

Ϊ¼ǣϵĶ»ȨˣȴϢûзҲύκ֤Ĳϡ

ˮõԼϣҲϴ塣

ϵ֮ŮȻһƸ޳֮ͽù꽨żһ

֤ȷĴţԼϵĳĬγԱȣƺĬ¡

һЩʱգͻȻ棬ռιϼŵܲãʽ붭»ᡣ

Ͽ򹫸治Ц֪޷ȻŮƳӵ

һѪ顢˽ˡ

ڹ˶ֻӶѡ

սֹλúҲǶֹȥϼܲæ

ΪȦӰĽƾˣӵӴҵҲʮڹյߣǿסڲҵľ档

ϣиᣬҵЭߵĴƻϾٰ죬ĶǸ

ĹģȼȽϸߣܹעʱܶݣҽֱֳ

ҵԣһ¶ĺûᡣ

ѾܾûвμӹӦᣬĸ׵ĳŶԹϵӰ̫󣬹˾ڲЩԳҲĶ΢ʣȡ֮

ϣͨεĴᣬΪһЩ

ʽʼǰ½ھƵ갲ŵĲУŰĺƣĵüɫ衣

ݴϣǰԣһׯĺɫȹȺӦꡣ

תȻһĨϤӰ

޾ˣΣһϮƼԼĸ߶ȹڵɫƤĵ״ɰ͸

һĿͶסˣôŬû취ƿ

˵ȹԼõһ㣬ֻϵνǸƷƵĴ

ҵϢ

εĴ᱾аݴR&Lлֹ˾ǰμӾ㹻ˣ֪ջʱı⣬һˡ

ϽʱյľĻǵƲɵĽ֪ԼӦٳڹǰ̲ס뿴յĽۼһ˼ҹݡ



100 
չȻ,ߣǹ˲ϺúóԷܰԼݳһ˵ģ

ݵСֻһ˫۾رر

һ峺ס

ش˫￴ŨŨ,Լ롣

ڼԶĵط,ϣǱʩħһ,һˡ

ﷺʹ

Ը˺˾ǹ,ȴǲɱùճһС

ؿ˼۹գתԱߵһ±,Ц̵

ڼϣȻǲԤϵġ

ϱǸŵˣֻһС,ǣȴʮƶ˵,Щһõġ

ܹõʮǰЩϵֻк,ʮR&L֮Ĺϵ

ཻ꣬ԺյƷǳϤ,LCOƷʱƷ,̥ڳ֮УȴԱĳЩ޷ĥĸ˷

ֻжԺռΪϤ˲⵽ϸڡ

,ʮֿ϶ظ߹գǹ˶Ӱ˾ϡ

ǸŮٵϡ

ɵҲ֪R&L鰮Ʒ֮ʮ,ȴ޷ǰǰ㲻ܲ˵ر

տϵԼͣһ,µƿ,Ȼף֮Ҳûпܡ

ʱ,ǻˣʽʼ

ǶµһλŮֱ֮󣬹յ̨鰮Ʒһ׻Ʒ

Ψһ̳ˣ󷽣˲²ڵĺøС

˽׳ɫõʯչʾֳǿһСɧ

ȷʵر

ȫĿʱ۽յϣϵֱҲдͷԼһװʯΡ

ʱ˸лR&Lž׹Σ

λСиһֻ򿪵κӣײ鰮ƷѷɫƷ

ȫȻ

鰮ƷķͷʱR&Lȥˡ

תͷһϣɫЩס

ᣬϾնŸһ㣬ֻҪվƷҲž裬ҾһҪȹյĸһЩ

һվƷϾס

յһᵽִַ粻õ棬ġ

ɢʱע⵽ǵԼϵĿ⣬ȥԷȴ赭дת뿪˻᳡

һɫ̫ÿ԰׵˲Ŀá

Ա߰ο׼ƷѾλˣ˭뵽ǸŮ˻ô裬ȻףһרŶ㲻ţһȶûС

ô˵ҲǹյˣûôûȵǰΣ

䷢ԼԽοյɫԽϽͣ»ͷ˵˵¡

һδᣬҲԸĳһЩͷ׸ƷʵԵֳκһҡ

ֻվϷͷʢ

Ϸǰ˼£ٴӫĻϼŮ񣬶Ůѵô¡ضׯֲʧԸУ˿Ƿ׷׼ĴС

ΪR&LCALL

ԵĳҲˣ׷׸пѡ

̽Ȼ飬˭뵽ԼĵCPȻĿɳ𣬳Ϊһ޵С

Ȼûֱ֤ݱǰʱĳR&Lֱʣǣ˶ĿǰľңR&L˭󣬴ĻǵضԸϡ

鰮ƷR&L˵һ̶ͣ

R&LƳһŻŹײͣ鰮ƷҲһһƷҲԽԽ߼

ǶֵԴµΪ鰮ƷȶȣһЩơ

鰮Ʒÿһʱ䶼һЩƷʵУ¼Ʒ䱦ΣΪƷƵ̵Ļۡ

Ҳ˳

ÿιղ뾺ĵΣһر̧ۣ󲿷ֶᱻR&L˸߼ߡ

ĳϣʱϻԵʱλлܲðݴΪģ˭ġ

ȻѾʽְֹλϾǳ鲻㣬ܶ鶼ǹڱٿء

ЩƷԤ̫࣬վͲֻһδεطR&L˷ͷ

ʱô²ذ˼£󿪴֮ʣϼٴδϲѶ

ǰϼͼŵΪһƵĶƬֹ

ٴδս¹ŵĶ

һͼŵĶǳȴвͬ

¹µǧͬƷгеĸ߶Ʒƣϼͬ߶ƷƷƺΪһ壬һڵƷг̵ķ

¹ŵĶ½ǧɽǼδļ̳ˣ˻飬ûĿܡ

ƷƵֺϲѹ½ǧһ飬˫ܾˣŶ̵顣

ƃɵĶ鱻ƻ鰮ƷR&L׷ɱ˾ĻΪ¶ؿȨŮ¹ֻR&LĲС

һΣĽǹյһ

սʧȥһɣĿҲĨˡ

ȻϢʱֻǴԣ˫δʽҹ˾ĹƱȴڰǡ

һƺ֤ʵǸϢ׼ȷԡ

ڵ֪ϢʱмǷŭѣѹ֡

ƺڵһʮֻҪԼʾһΣͻᱻƵһˣսеĳɹ׸鰮ƷȻ볡Զ˳г

Թֱ顢˽Ůˣʵڲˡ

ǰЩӣֱ˿ǻԣֻҪR&Lڹڵһ̨ףٰһϵݳֱΪ˿ǵ֧֡

ŵʹĸԸ˼ѪһӿR&LרΪ˸ϵĺ٣ڼ乺κƷܻϵױǩᡣ

ӡϳμӻһЩмƬ

˿Ǿ㲻ΪǳݳᣬΪǱױǩļᣬҲԴ

ʱ˼ʣŹռ½ǧϢԥˣĬĬؽǳŵݳƳ٣ʱȾ䡣

ݳᱻӳپٰϢϵĸΪʣ쵽ȥ֣ȴᡣ

Ǳ߶ĴҲһֱûг֤ʵƺʱĳֽŵƽŶԷһ塣

ϺҪĲʱƽ⣬ΪʵԼҰģһµĶ

ϼÿնĵصţһ¾ǿֻκιڹϵϢ

ƽ˼գϾһƺͻֹ¹š

Լڰ칫ʲô˶Ҳκļ

žһ涼İ칫ͻȻֻ

ϵ͵һһ£ϵֻ

绰Ȼġ

սҽԺڹ

ҵ绰ųԿ׳š

һ·쭳ϵҽԺ˵ķҹȥ

ʳҩԣҺñֵļʱȻ롣

ƿVIPţɾķںܰϵһ¾Ϳ˲ϵˡ

ţ߽ȥ

ڲһߵɳϣϽһü

ҲǿԼʱעӹϳ

ΪʵԼĿģŮƵֵز˷ָ

еķŭЦһ¡

֪Ҫ˵Ҫʲô԰ɡ

ŮĲԣе̸УٲȻڽһ׮ҵס

ѪٴˢϵԤϡ

˵˵ŬѹԼ˵

²ĿģR&LڣҪR&LŵĹȨ

ϻԵĹգܣɫ׵÷࣬Сɵ˫˺ɫ

ŸմӹŹһȦĹգţֻҪҪ̫֣Կǡ

ֻҪܹسŵԺ͹һ

Ȼǳϵ

Ҫա

侲ƶ˵仰˫ֱأеϡ

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һʱ䲻֪ЦǷŭ

һǣûʲôЦ⡣

ƾʲôҵػŹ

ŵع˹֪LCOķһֱû䣬ҡ

Ȼ֪ΪʲôȵڲҪޱ˵

˿Լ˫֣ʶֵָ

ʵһֱгϵÿһ꣬Ҷǹ˾¶LCOרƣֻǹ˾ص̫ʵˣҶ˽ߵĵӣҪжิӣʼ޷Ըһ档

ϿŹһΪǣһн֮еģЩЦ

̫٣Զˡ

һ裬ɭɭضϡ

㲻ңҲõɡ

ȻһЦ治Ǳģǰȥˡ

ܣЩͻȻ𣬡һֱR&LƷLCOɻԾȻЩ仯ܿӰӡ

ϣԽ̳ĽӰˣƷķǺ𣬺οLCO֪ػˣҪЩƵĵط˵ùȥ

ѡվǰ߼վǰŭϡ

֪ԸңԹô˵ģڻûԭң

ŹԸĻŭˣƾʲôҪԭ㣬ȫȫ㣬أôԴģһУһʹԶ磡

ôһУҸܶǮ

ЦǮǮͿԽһǮͿŪ飬̤𣡡

ǵģҵʱΪ˼壬û취ôǲأ

û취𣬻ǣҵҪģԶǵһλΪʲôЩѰǰͷʮ꣬㶼ʲô

ҡҡͷȻʲô˵ˡ

ҸսƼţᣬǳܶ˶ңҪѸʱ;鴦ˣ޻˵

㵱ʱ˵ǣһ飬ͻȥǣֱűֵ˾֪ǵȲ㡣

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һģֻмҵˣֻһһεعģ˺

Ȼô飬Ǻαء

ϱһ۾ҲĽƱ硣

ȥģĹ԰ȥϻ˵ʮ꣬ҽ˵˼ǣĹأܹʮѾ˲ҲLCOӲԽӼͻԭ֮һ



ȥ½ǧҲ֮

ҽԺ˹ռ죬չ

ڹ׼Ժ죬һͨ绰գϰӵġ

绰ϵҲ͸ˡ

ǰҹΧûʲôˣʩʱֵʱѾ޷Ρ

ϼѵأһһؽ¸߹ա

ոջָĹɫ׳һƬƿӳ˳ȥҪˡ

󣬹մŹĹǻһع¡صð˺¡

ʱһֱڹյߣʲô⣬ǻعԺ󣬹ջ˹ؼլҲ⣬Ҳδܼա

ϣնǰ޶ãӵϵϣ֣վ뿪

ǲ֪飬ҽ̵ϵϣܲµȥԵɣԾ޷ϡ

ȥԹգӰ켫

ܹôרᣬǹΨһļˣĺʹû˹գҲ޷֧š

ϸȺǵӰ׵صȥֳһƬңձȥҽԺ

ΪĶݻʣûþˣҹ֮ǰѾԺ

һδ϶һȴʼ޷ա

֪ڶԼҲڹ

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ֻôҲ벻ǸĮŮˣȻѡַʽ뿪

Ҳ*Ժյĸ鲢Ⱥ٣ֻǵʱ̫ס˫ۣһδԶ

ҲѰ˺ʮ꣬һա

ϵһ˭롣

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ʱһһյعȥ֪һʥڡ

ϳŨŨĽգֶС

R&LڹڵרֹͣţάԭҲٶ鰮Ʒ׷ʹ򣬽͵ȥ

Ҳϵ

һЩһΣصȥԺֻһЩǳӡ

⣬·ʲôʣ¡

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Ψһ鷳Ƕ»һЩˣΪ̫ᣬûйܻʱʱ飬ڻйȻϼŵܲӦûˡ

£Ҳû취

ϾֻǼƸĸܲãûн붭»ʸ

Ŷ»Աƹձøеѹ޴󣬵ȴֻյģܵúܣЩϵĶ˵Ļһ䶼ȥ

ޱضֱ°վ뿪˻ҡ

ڳı֣ûиλɡ

տųӴӽֵ俪ղź˵ƣӦÿǽ鷳ƣһ徻ľưһƿųԿ׾ߡ

ԴЩ磬䵽㡣

ǰĽ־вһǰһʥ龰

ȻǰӹһӰͷһ𣬶һ˲ϣǣ漴ַ˲ԾǸ˽·м䣬˫Ŀֵյĳ

͵طӦԼ֪˺ƣҪײеϹ·ˡ

ɲǳû˿Σʱ̣ӵɲϵͳȻˡ

ֻܽתͷת̫ңײ·ߵĻ

ĳʹݺݵײǰķ̣ԤеİȫҲδʺҺͷ˿˳ѷȾһƬһһεص䡣



ϽӵϢ˽˷ɻϻһֱðյһ£ݵһʱ㱨ˡ

Ũصҩˮζ˱ǶеЩɬ

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ϼٺȾơ

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ȴ벻ƣʱȥưȡ

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üͷȥЩ¶ɰ

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