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1 
ֻȫ񱻳һۣͣȥMķɻϡ
Ҳû뵽ò¶ĳȥһȦһ̱̾ˡ
֪Ӧһȥ磬һֱһըûˣô£ô˻ܸоõʹ
ͷҪըˡһβ贵ļӿԺ
ȻԽˣ໰ⶼʲôʲô
ԭһŮװʮԻ·ԭĸǸԻĸսӻĵʱƸ˽УȻΪ
·ʱ壬Ƹ·Ůװ棻ⶼ·Ƽҵ
һʷûгֹĳǰĩʿؽ׷׽ҸͶ𡣴ʱһԭ֮ƽĳѡʱֵ꣬ٷϴˡ
ǰոսʱᵽ¤ġΪƸӻʱһֻ۾˱֮¤忿ɽλһéݣ˱㰲ССĴׯƸ˴ԻҰζΪ
֮ǰƸɽԣ¤ԪɽϹӣץ˼θ¤ֻĳ¤¤ҦԴһƫԶׯߵ5·ƸƴɽҲڴ±غա
·ɽΪĸϡƸ˹ȣ·òɽΪĸβ
ʵǼұԻ¤ҲһЩǮƸԺϻش˲ƬѼǮˡ
·ֻܽɽΪĸβ֪©ƫҹꣻ·ԼҲƸԼŮװ֪ǰ·ΣһŲȿգˤɽ±2306ֱ贡
뷴ִѾըûˣ˵ִǹ¶Сڹ¶Ժ󡣽ԭļ䣬֪һȻƶҲ鲻Сȱ·ĸס
ȻұТĸߺú·ɡ贡Ŷ ·ˣ·ֻоͷһɣԭ뿪ˡ
·ʶĿ壬170ңƸĸߴŴ·СŮװƸΪܸ棬Ҳ·һЩȭŹ廹ͦʵǿ֪ˡ
û뵽һֱִܴܿյĹŴ֮֮ɡȥҵҩͷ ֮ǰڲҲѧһʶݱҩ򵥵ҽǱر漼ܣҰִоԮʱʱⶼǱֶΡ
·һΣǰݴһϲҶҶѪֹѪɢ춽ⶾ˳ѪѪˮ˵ȡʺãһЩҶӣˮҽˮϴ飬ͷϡ
ǰƸһֱԴΪʶвҩ·ˣ¤Ԫɽвҩȥ
֮ȥԭڵ߿ûջ·ȥ壬ջֻҰһֻɵӡʩչ֣ϾﻹȥԭȽϴ·Ϊ⣬ԼĹӦһָˡ


2 ش
뵽·첽ɽ߳ɽ·һͿɽһ߷䣬мݣҸһ᷿ڶ᷿סţһé޺ϴĶںԺ
Ժǽһ˶ߣΪ˷ֹɽҰޣСԺռһĶҡ
·źҰζԺһű㼲ȥһˣɺã
·žͿڰڴͷ΢ֵģ·ʢģϹˡҶû£û£ͷôˣϹе·ԽϵĿڡ
ûֻҰһɵӣʰһ£ȥشÿһ¡ﲻȥû£Ϣһ¾ͺˡ
һҪȥһ£µߣҪٳʲôӣһôҵģ
һҲ˲ñˣ˵ããȥ
ʰţȥүүƼ¤룬գҲͻҡ
ǴţģӴﵽһǮһˣ·ű¨ţϡүүͷϵһ£ȥ
ӦãҸ㿸ű¨ȥɡ Ҳ֪Ƽҵ£ö˵ʲôҲֻͬСӡ
һ·㱳Ϲţˣϻмӣ·ҲʶϱĿˣ
Ǻạ̃
·ȥͷףüĿģҲ΢΢ͷ۾תżӱ¨һۡ
·Ҳһһˣ̣ӣӺáǱ޴ţˣˡ
ţ߰·ͷˣе΢𵴣áҪҡɢˣ˴һʱһСƷ深顰ҦԴ򡱡
ԭȻûϹ˽ӣҲɸĸ׽̹ǧͼ򵥵ѧò֡
ţϵȵңȥõ¥ˣٻȥشáӦá
·ǰƸһ֪¥Ͻ֣Ͻȥ¥ĺԺʱǽ˵ʱ򣬺ͣһţʦѧͽԶ°ˡ
Ը磬鷳һƹ񡣡
Ŷ·šƹ񳤵һ࣬һǾ¥ƹ񣬡ƼСӣжʱǼûˣĽأƹҸǰʱɽԱϹУȻȥˡ
ƹһ𾪡ֵˣڰ·£ת⡣
ƼСӣʲô
ֻҰһֻɵӡ
ãȻ㸸ѹԺҲõ¥塣
лա·Ű˰ʮĴ¥ֻҰ50ģɵ800ġ
·ţѱ¨ǰӱϣߡ
Ȼ˫ûҲ֪ԼǼٶ,Ů
˻شÿһϴ·£ϴ˵
˹ȣ˼ˣλ뿪һ㣬󿴡
дһҩ·˻ʣ
ղҩ𣿡
հ𣿡
û֪ԼЩʲôҩ
ȥҩͯȥԺɹҩ·
лл򡣡
ҩͯ·ںԺɹҩĵطһ£·гǰݣӹǲݣҶΣȵȱȽϳвҩ˼ƽϣҩӦûܺ
ӻشó·Ͼֻʣ300ˣȥ׵˼ﾫףʮף·ĳԲ£ʣ12ģ·ȥɲаҲĸǰ¶Ͼţȥ
ص12ľͱ8ˣ4ǮţǮϢһ£ȥࡱҰľ飬֪ôջ
·󷹵Ĺóײˮһջһ߾ĳ·Կ϶ǻҪģҪԼ־ˣҪɽԲҩҩҲҪ
ڼһǮûǮûеװ˷ϼҩƻţƸذ׹ȴԺĹ߱ϱ¨ȥɽˣúϢ
ԭ·Ե÷͵һףûԱ
·һ·ɽȥһ·Ӧһ壬Сѧ仹ټһӴ·úܡ
·֮ǰҶЩõĳǰݣѹӢĿݲݵȣҵݲĺڣݱȽϺʵ֥
ͻȻǰOO@@ģ·óһֻҰõ֣հҰ÷Ž¨һֻҰǰִܳ·һִɽѾҰˣҲû뵽һ
һóذףһһֻ𣬰ѼҲذˡ
Ұתתȥûǰ·һ˫һת·һҰҲʹײ·ܼ֣ó˼תȸһȽϱա
һֱҰ۾Ұۣˣʹײ·ײ룬һԾذֱҰһֻ۾ֽҰء


3 Ұ
ͷҰ300ʮǮһҲˣ·Խˡ
ٱһӣҰϵ棬ո·ͷˣֱȻܺĿһͷٶҰ
ǸһݱϣҰɽ
һˡѾǰˣ·ںԺ˵ŪһЩ˺ͰײˣȡһɵҰ⣬ҰײˣСˣϷԷ
Ҳͨһ㣬ӻҪһֱ岻ãһҪǮһŮһҪңҪչҲۡ
ԺҰҶ~ôôҰҲҴɲҪȥɽˣѾȥˣҪи̵ģһô
ģǰ͵һԣҶѧôաǰԵΪҾ֪ͦͷİɣһȱ֤Լİȫ
ĨᣬöԲסŮС͵ڻҪҡ
֮ǰˣ³ӦòʧҪŮعŮ֪£ֻŮһֱжˣҪŮ̫ˡ
ģܴϺˣҲȥҩ¥￴ЩҩԺ󲻹ܴԣҩ͵ɣ
·ΪԺǮ·⵱ϴԺҲỳΪʲôʶôҩˡ
ҲϿֹסᣬϴ˵˼ˡ᲻ǮҲٱˡãã֪ǸõġһҪΪء
֪ˣǳԷɣҿɶˡ
·ϵҩ˸ˣȻҰƲֿˣͰڼԣϿ·һɱҲæ
·ӣҰͦһڼԣһָ¥ȥɡ֪ԼŮķ󣬹ʱԼŮûԱ
õҲôġ
ʰʱѾˣ·ˮϴɵϣ뵽ӽˣľ˯İһЩˡ
ڶһ磬ѾԼһЩˣϲȥϣ·Լҵİ峵ȥҰΪţдˣ´˿Ұۺ죬ǰƸҲȥ
һС·һõó֣֮ǰƸûгµʱһЩӺ棬Ƹ˾һֱţûȥϵ巻
·Ű峵һʱߵϣһҲò˵ᣬԺҪðţ̫ˡ
ȥ¥ƹҰ¥Ͱζ¥¥¥Ұζ۸񹫵ҲȱƸǰﶼǹ¥
ƹݵĳƼСŰ峵ϵҰӴ컹Ǹһ̧ȥӡ
·ƹɫƹƽʱǸӻоһ䡰壬ݣ
~㲻֪ƹԼҵ̯Ҳǲ֪Ӧô·˵ϾҲǶҵļ¡
ԶһԱ˵ԭ¥ĶһѸ¥ԼޣɻԺ¥һֱԼڹһƶ֣ͯҿǱͲѾͯԺô˵Ҳһţ㽫Ů
֣ͯϱϱǮύһЩѣ̻֮أȾ϶ĲҲϽ顣
֣ͯǼӣĸĸɩɩΪսһ˴ǰʡԼãΪ˹֣ͯ顣
Ȣһ̻֮ŮҴҵһ¾ȫƮˣѪҪǮð·ҪǮ޷ӣһӶһ˳ţΪӣһŮһ˸Ƕ۵ġ
֣ͯԼˣżҸϿ˷úõĶӣԴȢϣֲˣմȾôªϰ
Ϲܲס๫֣ҲµŮпԣֻܼżǮá˭֪֣ҵԽԽ
ĳ³ٷϴˣΪս˿ɷ涨ŮʮɥТһ꣬ɻޣѾ֮꣬ĻɥŮӾͱҪټޡ
ⲻϹѾˣżҼˣټ޿ɾͺûйϵˣǾͶҡǮˣʱϵż¥ټ޸֣ͯѧõܡ
ǲӦ֣¥ſţ¥ⶼ˺öࡣ
Ҳǽͷö·ϸϵ£뵽ԭһɷйʮȢߣŮӹʮ˲ߣ֮
ŵóһ亹ûǴĻԭǰ¶ʮʱոչʮ


4 ±
ƹǮҰȥ໹жʮҰʮһ
·ŸոյֵڽϣתǧأѵҪɽҰˣаĸװһʮ͵ˣԼŮıʶơ
Ů˽ܽܣϾڶʮѾ֤ˣǺİ˽~룬ܽܣܼܽ޸Ů
һ·ȥ巻û취巻·ƷƹһЩµӺ棬ǮİʮġתȥشãѳǰݣѹӢں֥ˣǮʮ
뵽ﻹд󳦺࣬ҩץ˰˽ǡƤҶС㡢ơݹȵȣؼ±ʳԡ
Ű峵ȥ̶ָ꣬һЩϣ·һ£Σ÷ӣнҲʲôҪһ㣬Ҳζ
׾ƣȥȡȥһǮ·Ű峵ؼȥˡ
·ʱѹĩʱСǮϡ
·ӣôôӣϿ⼸Ұƽʱӡ
һ˲ҩȥɽãÿݺõĺں֥شöҪˡ
·ܸɣҪҲȥҩɣ
ЩҩɽԵҪʲôΣҹ˲㡣
ðɣԼҪעⰲȫ
֪Ȼͳϸз
ʵʱܶ˼Ҷǳ٣ƼԻҲоһֱǳ١
˷·ŴȥСӱϴӣҲǺʶֻ΢Цͷ
ӱиϴ£ߵȥϴһţ̿·ʣ
·СӣһȳζϴҲóԡ
̡·Ҳֻͣһ̣ȻЦ
ûͰҲ˵֪ôܲȲǽ߲̲
˳źˮһԭĳ࣬~ͻͦÿģ壬üëӢڴԣƤҲһڣһɣ˵·⡣
òرھͲ˵ע⣬ܺá
ںӱϴ꣬ûؼңһЩľҳ󳦡ϴûζԺ󣬾ͼ±ϣڹһ㶫һ㣬ȥɽϲɵҩ
ӦãСһ㣬ϲ񵶣񡣡֪ˣ
·ã࣬¹¶ʮһ˴ӹ¶Ժ汻ѡӣֱҲ⣬ûмѣÿмڣѶؼң޴ȥڼоһʳһ塣
ﻹǹ¼ŵġʮ궼ûͥůںˣˣҲмˣ˹İԼ
С·Ϻɽһ·ͣͣ¨ҩҰζҲջķᣬȥ
ߵΧǽŵ±ζǼɽţ˺ٴ·ҲȽԶҪζܰȫ˶
һˡ
·ӣʲôϣ˰ʱƮһζһΪʲôһǴ󳦺࣬ʲô
ȥҩ̣ϴ˵±ϣҵģ˵ȥġ
Ҿ˵ƽʱûôʳͦģŶˮ
ҰѲ񿳳յˮϴɣҶˣϴ裬ǾͳԷ±ζζ
ϾȥˮȥˡǸ·һѡҪɫԡաڡաΪ˼Ҷƶʳ֮ңԶöȽ϶ࡣ
ͨ˼ûУΪҲչһġʳһΪ
뵽ȥȥˡѲѵԺǽߣǱϾͽˣ
·ӣȥϴ裬࣬ϴǾͳԷˡ á
·ӣ±ζóԣû뵽󳦻Ŵȳ
Ȿ⣬һζá
ǿãǰ˶һζһ㲻ǳԲر˼ҶǲԵġ
ҸЩʲô´ζ뵽Ϣͺ˵ɷ涨Ӷʮ䣬Ȼʮˣô죿
Ҳ뵽⡰һʱ䣬úúϼƺϼƣʵڲеʱȥ·Ҳɣ˵Ѿߣʱ顣
˼죬·ʵڳԹ±ĶüһЩҰζͲҩʹͼֽŰ峵ȥϡ
·¥Զ˵ƹڣڣ·һ£һԸһòС˹紺¡Цٻ⡣
·һμŴԭ̬Ůĵһоִ̫ŨױĨһ·ǰһ
ôûŮҶüۡƤ𪡢ıȳƣǡôĿƮһɵ㣬˲䱻ǰŮסˡ
롰С㰡ʵ𣿡


5 ʶ
ӣһ㿴վһֲ꣬Իһ̴̫һ
һԻųģٶͶ¶һʡԼģо޲ΣҲ۴ɫ峺ҲøС
Ǿô˴ġͷЦ
·ҲӦѽˣôʧ̬ˣôԼҲǼˣ䶼ʮˣôС㷢ѵԼԭϣҲСˣҶ룬æȭ
ԶæܡǶңͽҡ
ңǾҰζԻ·ƼСӡ
·ٴαȭҡ
ţԶƼСһЩȻ˴ƼС˷Ǯõģҡ
ӣת·ǱȭԭزúЦʧ񣬾϶¥ȥˡ
ԶӺþͽ·һȥ¥˷ʮһӣ¥׼ȥ
Һ˭˵Խˣİζ¥˼²~
·ˣϴԶ˵ģҵŻȥĥĥܲʳ׸ҡ
~ŮӾҪŮӡ
վȥҩҩģ⼸ڼʱ䣬ͼ򵥵һ²ҩֱ֮ǰõǮֶһЩ
ȥ̶ͼֽһ¡ҪʲôԲԲģҪȥ
·͡ҵͼֽ㿴ҪǮ
еడԵҿһ¡
·һԼԱ߷żذף·Żִľذ׺ðذʽ̫һˡ
͹٣ͼֽҪӡ·һе󣬻ýҰζͲҩһʮ
õģƹ㿴ܴã
ƹһϸУա
õģϸ磬պȡ˶Ǯ
·ذ׶Ǯһѣһѡ
һͼֽ԰Ҵ𣿡
Եģ͹٣ڱƵñȽϣֻܴ򼸰ѣͼơ۸~
ǵȻǵʱϸ顣
·صңϾӭ·ӣô
ͦ˳ģҿǴһֹ˵ܳ˳ԣҲһۼҿԶ༸ɫ
õЩӾǲǮǸǮɶ
ٺ~ٺ~ӵ㲻õģ㿴Ͳҩõӡ
Ӵһٶ·ǲǽɽˣ
ûУɽϡɽôϡҩġ·ϵģҸ˵ԼԱҲøĸ˵
ҲˣҲ򵥵ļ񣬻кԺĲ˵һЩˡ
·ӣ˵ȥĶֵʳô·Ҳʾͬ⣬ҪһɽҲûڵҲöˡ
ǵȻ극ȥһү
극·ȡһҰžȥ¤Ҳ룬¤ĸߣ֮ǰ·Ӿϱ
·һţŵ
үү
·
ƼС·ˡִݳ
·Сӣʲôҡ
ү˵Ķأ鷳￴һûг۵ء
ã鷿
¤õ˼ңש߷һլӣڼֵż̹˷Ҳţ˽ӽ飬޵ŮΪһֱ˶飬йְһС鷿ƽ̸иط
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·ĥһڼǮͽӻүüǮ͹⼸ĶǶҪ˰ɣ鷳Һҵ˵һ¡á
·Ұ⣬ȥʮӣҡ
ү鷳ǰһºӺȥŴ㣬ʣĻүľǮ
ҲüЦƼСӰ»ͦ
УүллľǮˡȥةµȷһ¸ð죬Ҫտڰģ˼ҵɫ
ָգ·ȥȡ·Щ˼ף¥һ׬ǮһԻҵѹܲ
ų˻±ζϾֶɲҵģ·᲻ãԺԼ¸֮Ҫţ·̫Զˡ
ȡ˹ȥ¥ߵ¥ͿһȺˣھ¥ſڣ֣˵Ҳظͷ¶档úڼӣҪһ⣬˭֪¥ʳͻοͣһЩĻ


6 
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ǿ·̣ӺŽгԶһЩ˵·֪ҵżĵƦåҪҵľ¥ӣ޸֣ˣ·һǵƦåҸ׼кˡ
ǼʶĸϿ뿪¥ҪȻϿûءСͷˡүүڴˣͷ
·Ҳ÷Ͽˮкһ˵ͿμУһգ۵Ĺ򣬴мϥֱۡ
һȺſڵѽѽ·ڵڽ¡ڸң˭˭үүӱǵƦûʲôүүүү
㣬¥ŵģԺӻӷһ㣬Ҫﲻõˡ
õģõүү
үûôӡ
õģүү顣
ӣڶ¥·Щһȣһû뵽·ֹ飬Ͼû˻ǻû뵽˿ʵʵҲƦƦģȻϵǮ
·ӺһȺֵǮѹθɾǱԶ϶¥˵롣
·̧ۿһ۶¥µոҿ˵ˣ롰ѽʧˡееִ٣첽Զ
鷳ˣҪ㣬ֵһ죬¥һٷȥա
ҲؿϵǮȻ⼸¥ǮҲǳԡ
·Ҳ֪ô⣬Ͼŵڶμ棬λá
ҺҲ֪˵ʲôֻǽ˵
~֪¥ܿá·Ǽһݣ˵Ȼȥһ£һ¥ҡ
ҲӻһʡҲ𣿡
·ʱ£ȭң»мף֪ҿȤ
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ҲãԶ·ȥ˵ڳλ·Ҫʲô˺͵϶ϡա
ĳڻûֲͣе֥ͺûζҲãҲֻ͵·ҲˣҪ˳ͽˡ
һºĲˣо²ˡӡ۲ˡƹϡ׵ȣʵ·ҪռľʱûǮ˼Һ;¥ö˵ףʵߡ
Ȼ˼ˣ˺ɲһֳ˵ζһ¾ͳˣ¥ʳ̾ŵζѯʡ
СǺʲôˣζԵģ˳ҿϿ͹٣˼ʦԲˣ˻ûϡ
ٶȺܿ죬Űʱ·Ͷĵ϶¥
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ӣÿ˳һڣ~ЩޣһγĲȣҪǷ¥Ǿʵ¥ˡ
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Ҳֱ˵Ҳǵһף㿪۰ɡ
ӧҲڣĬĬĴһ·һڵĴ
żһ񣬶ζ¥Ҳʱʱ¥ܴķȻ·ֻ棬һӣ￴ոնԴƦåҲһ֮ģһЩһõĺ
ͨԺӣ㿪ˣ㿴УҲϣҿ˶ǸƵģ˵ףʵʾǸǸʵĶǸҵĳʦҲоһЩƷṩ⼸Ʒһ˼·
ӣŲˮϸϸһڲ裬˵ʱȱ£ҸƲƷ㣬ô
·һռѽͿװʲô𣻵ܾңˣ㿴һЩټϼҶ̸ʦҲᱣ¡
ңҿҲδڣдͽһ㣬Ҿֱӽ·ˡ·̣ҴС̻֮ҳԼ־¥Ҳм꣬ԾһЩʶ֮ܣԲⱾ
ҲˣһŮӿ¥˭ҧһڣҺ۸ҺҲȫΪ˲׺һΪ֣һ¥ЩҲ̫ó飬ܽȥҪģҪйͬܳõĺأ
·ҲĬˣ˼һͿڣ㣬˼ˣҾɻ̫ˣҪһɰɣҾģ
ӣʵҲһɣ˵ɱǴ̽˼⣬ϾЦ⡣
ǱģҲһյĽ顱 
ô˵۾··Թϣ仹е졣Цˡ
Զȥƹдһա


7 
Զˣֻʣ·ӣˣӣ·һ÷
֪·ﻹЩˣ
лĸһˣǰʱȥˡ
Ǹڰûû£أ
ҵҲ˵ˣĲ˵ҲգһСŮƤɰ
ӣ뵽ԼŮСۺЦ⣻·ӣһ¥ôСкˣִֿ¥ŮǿҲ˹ŴѾС~
ǩ·Ҳûжֻˡ
ӣԤ֧ʮǮִԶȥ̶˼ڹϸ˵ҪܣҰͼֽ˻
Ű峵ȥţţȥˣҲῴţ͸˺濴һһ˶ôģһͷţֵ׳꣬۸Ҳ󣬴ţʮӡ
ţѧһθţ͸ţؼȥˣʵģҲѧͦ졣
ϳȥ·ϣһֱ¥飬ܸṩĲƷҪ¥ãñסаÿǳԶһ㣬ȥҪȥٰʰһ١
ҪһЩˣܲһ֣ΪԼİ֣ԺһϣϾٺã˫ȭѵ֡
֮Լٶ¥ȶ룬ʱǿԼˣٰļĶһ£ﲻܻķϡ
·صңÿîʱȥɽϰƵɳܲɢ򣻻ԼһɽһƬȦһЩѵķԼѵ
ʱʳȻȥ﷭أĶر·ˣС󡢴󶹡סײˡܲʱվɽԡ񡢾͵ؼˡ
˹˼죬оȸˡ
ٵȥʱûֱȥ¥һȦķҵһˣһܣ·߼סүôпյ
ϴ·˿ȥ··֪סϣǸԻ
·ҲϻһָӡҺ¥кԺòҪ¥Ҳסϣ¥ʲô£Ҫ֪ͨҡ
õĺõүүǳұֵ֤Ƕչ¥ȥ¡
׾ͺã㣬ϵСؤ϶Ϣ
үʶˣڳ档
ˣǺȾưɣˡ
գүߡ
·ţ׼ȥһ£ȥһЩС׺Ͳסӵȡ
˳ţͣһߣ߽ͿСӴŽ䱸мƲڿ޵Ӥ
ǼСӾ͵ǰܺ£ǿװģ涼ǵĵܵã㲻ܽȥ·ҲǴӹ¶Ժģǽ䱸ʱЩᣬԽǿԽ
ŵ ãһ˭ϴ󡱣ԾǴĳȥʳˣСչ˸Сģڣʲô顣
ҴһЩ㿴ܵöÿˣҪȸǰһ࣬ȥϴͼСѶһۣ˿ţֿ˿ڵϵӤܵöҲ
ȥϴǻ磬𣿡ģǵţȥᡱ·һ׽
й𣿡ееģ磬ߡ
·ߵߣСһչޣѡһģװ࣬ιιСģͶСײ̫ʺϡ
Ŷ˻ʱ򣬾ͿһĺΧŹĿתһ㣬·Ӥһһæҵġ
Ͽǰλ磬Ҿǵϴк¡·ǰˣʮ꣬ȻãǾֹ˵Ҳһ
㿪ڵʶ𣿡һۡСʱѧһ㣬Ǻս±ʧ˫ʱûѧˡ·ͷʾ֪
챾ǣ֪ѡû뵽־󣬴ӴСӣһȺӣҪ취ǣΪԺ󣬾ǿҲĲ̡
˼ƽϣ͵ҽ·Խ·磬ʲô֣жˣ
СӽжһжʮˣŮˣкʮˣδˡ
ãҿ²壬ʳǿԸߣҲǴ󸻴֮ңֻṩһ£һƬߡ
·Ҳ²·ҪǸҲûѡȨܵòһֱסȥرǣʹˣƦåؤЩǲġ
̫ܸоõ·⡣
Һ͵һ𣿡
ȻԣԱ㣻һ£ȥǱ߰ˣ˾ͰѶʰãδʱ


8 ù¶
·뿪æȥ¥ϲ죬֪пշޣҪȥƹ
¥ǰɼ¥ţϵƣͿԶ
Ը磬𣿡
ƹӣڵģڶ¥˷̫æԼȥУҾͲȥ
Сôû͹٣~
·ôãҲܸˣʾֵǮడ
˶¥˷棬·ţ洫ӣ
˭
㣬·Ǵ
ӣһ·ˣҲˡ
ѽ·ɲ֪⼸ΪǸͲף¥˲ֹһ
ǾͺãǾͺãս¡
У˵úûϵƵġٺ~
æ
ʲôܰæ˵
լӡ
ŶҪᵽ
ǣǣеôһԺӵСլӣƫһҲ£Ҫһ㡣
һ£ԶСǷӣȥ
Ǳлˡ
·ӣݣˣ۲תһ㡣
ɱҰȻС~
·ͷż⣬ǶزסˣӣúЦ
ǽȥһ£˳㿴ûʲô²˸ӡ
ãȥɣҲҪˡȻ鴦˻һˣ˱ʶ𣿡
ʶģʶģȥˡ
·ָ˵һôѲøóԣôһĳˣͺԶһȥ˷ӴԱӣȫһȦ
߽УԶͺСС塱кԺ߳һʮӣƲСӡ
Сѽʲô£
С壬·ƹӣҪһСլӣһ¡
ƹӣҪʲôĺС˵ҾȻؾ¥
ƹӣ㿴Ҫʲôլӡ
һСԺԺӿԴһ㣬λƫһҲû£鷳㿴ûкʵġ
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·һڲ裬˾űӳˡƹӣҪ󣬾һڱ⣬һϽ⡣
·һ·λϽĺʣǱǴǸš
֪ϽֵۼΣ
ǸլΪжȥıҲȥˣҪ⻧ܱլӣҪҲʣһһǧġ·룬Ƿزһ¾һˡ
Ǿɣʲôʱ԰ȥ𣿡
Եģ˼ͰˣԿ׾У͸д飿
鷳Сˡ
飬·µķ⣬ȥլ￴һ£ƻȥѶȽӵլɨҪȥҵ·ޱǡ
·ˣһȺӾΧŶ
磬Ҫм𣿡
ţôģҪˣס棬Сû취мѾͷ~һȺﶼףʵŮıȶкĸ࣬Ůȴк٣ΪܶŮ¥ȥˣļãԼкӹһЩ˵Ŀ̽
磬ȥɣҲЩһŮ˵ġ
Ǿ;ˣֻҪƴһڷԣԺҪرƴ硣
֪Ĵ硣
·һȺССĺӣվǰţ˼չ޺͸ոû׸ǣЩؤ޳ʵڿ
·˵Ȼˣ͸߰ɡǰСĺӱţϣһľ͸ţߡ
·߸ţߺͶ˵˶е䱸ʱЩʲô飿
ǧ徭ոտʼûˡ
ҲˣȥȽ̵ܵʶ֣ľմˮڵѧû뵽Ƕʶ֣Լľûд
լӣĺӿլԺ󣬲е㿪ĵӣոһ·ܵģ֪Ǵȥ
ϴǲмˣҲۿе조Ҫٽϴˣֻһϴ󣬾·硣
··磬ϴԶϴ󡱣·ˣ˵Ժͽд磬·ǵϴ󡱣ãġ
ȴǴɨһһԷǴɨļסţҳȥһˣʶһˡ
õ·磬㡣
·ȥµĵطЩɵ·ޱƥֲԼʲô·Ҳ㣬ߣתȥӻ̺ӣ̣ɹһţ
صլӡ·öѺǶ۵һ𣬡˵˵Ƕʲô֣
ʵСһĶ֪ԼǼ꣬ǰҲѾѾģö඼û֣ʱΪ˷ȡġ
վˣ·磬ǰֶǺҽеģҲûǶ㣬ǴҵĸҪҶգ¸ȡһ֡


9 
·һе㷸ѣǸȡϰкվߣŮվұߡһ˷ֳ
ɣôˣҲûкõָǣ㻹ҪԭȡôãǴǶżҵաСӾһʮģŮͽ黭ʫƻΣ
Ȼ·еզУŮ뽿ȡֶƫġ
Ƕǲ֪ȡգ͸ŮϾߴߴķˣȻ󶼹лл·硣
ڶԼˣЩǼжӣôҲܸˡ
ʱˣҪؼȥˣﻹĸڣ˱īֽ⣬ôҰϴˣ·ֺãȻǰ˵ģȽǶ֣ȫˣ¾ȥ¥ƹһһµġ
õ·磬Ļؼȥɡ
·ž͹յ¥ڹʱ¥Ҳûʲôˡ
ֱҵƹ壬һլӣסһЩ¶ҶǰźˣҲסϣʲôҲˣԸ˵¥ͷҿһ㡣
ð·СӣͿʼˣ֪ˣġ
Ҳǣֻˣʱһǡ
úãףȥҶҰɡ
·˷ţ·ˣ⼸յ˱
·ǰϵ˱Ҳ̫ˣǺܿöӣüͷģ·ҲŮģӣ˼кϵȻȻӣѡ̬Ⱦ
㣬Ҳ̫ˣÿ쿴ͷҪ󡣡ӣһ¾ץľ衣
ˣ˲ѵ㻹˷ʽ·Ҳʧˡ
ǿӣһ˫۶ˣҲ˵ѵĻ
ǰ㣬ֽʡ
һҳ¥˱ӣһЩȻڿдһЩ֣Сд֡
ʶʲô谡ʲôģôСʶأǶ򵥣ǲ֪ʲô˼
·ддžŵһɵĻƮ˸еޱȵʺͷɡ
ӣ̫ٽһ㿴֪Ϳ·վˡ
·һһﰵ롰СúŰܲˡ
ӣӦʱѾ·վرˡͿ·ĶԽԽ죬ԽԽ~еЦôôߡ
·ˣһϿվһ
㣬Ҹ˵һ˵˱ӣҲֱϻе¡
Ҳе㲻˼æתƻ⡣
ãŵͦ򵥵ģϸ˵˵
·˵壬˵˰ֵ0-9ӣ
ӣϸĿһ¡
ô֪ʲôֵģ
ǰҵҵģҲ֪ԭûΪǵܣˣ˼͵˱ʲô˼·һ޶֤
Ǽ򵥣ױ˸İ
ӣ̻һ¾ͿĹؼ·ָһı
һǾЩܼƵĵطҪƽķ
ӣĿת˷ʽֻ˻ᣬȥ˷˰
·ΣոҲûôࡰ㣬Ҫǰǰķ
ҷôõķãȥǸԽĸӵģ
˵ô죿
ӣЦ˻ϻһɣ˷ɣ¥Ҳ˺ģҲġ
·п˵ôԼˣɲǻרҵİרҵ赶Ūǹ
ð㣬һɣΪҴЭ㣬ԺҪ̸˷ǾͿһ㡣
ӴӴôСһ
ãҲҪ࣬ڶҵѾڼҴС
ס·һˣ¥һݣаɡ
ˣ·¤ֲ𣿡
ƽʱԵС˵Լֵģûвũ
ܲ취ҺͶζ¥ˣũ߼۸Ҳһ鷳顣
㣬֣ҲҪһʱղ˰
һʱֻԺ󲻱ũǯơ
Ǻã㣬ȥ̸Ҫ̸Լ֡
Լֳ٣¥˵һָ˷ء
㲻õȥ취


10 ֲ
·صѾˣϿʵ
·ӣôģȥ
һ˷Ļơ
Ҳ֪·ʶ֣ѧǰƸҲ̹Ҳûж롣
ͦõģɽǿԴ£ÿɽҶĵģҾͰˣÿӴ˶ˣҪСһ㣬ıʶݣҲҪȾơ
֪ˣİɡ߶߶·һûо÷°ؼһԶڼҵ㣬ⵣǵģ·Ҹðݡϴ衣
ϴɣˮ͸պˡ
ллˡ
ˣ
~ٴҲıϼƤˡ
죬ȥϴɣͻҪ춼ҪֵˣΪ·ء
·ϴ߸̽飬ǰɵϰߣһҪȥ̸һ¡
ڵֵĽ˰ʣʲôֻһ˵ĿЩ˼ҵٵģҪֲˣûк֮ǡ
¶ǱߣʱȽðɣƻҸȥչЩӣϾС̫СˣҸȥһǶд֡
в֪ûʦһԺӵĵطѧˣСиˣѽһ׮׮һģôô¡
ڶһ·һֻɵҰȥүңүСе¡ʳתơŶƼСӰʲô°
Цеģϴ·Ķӣһةʣһƣڻûء
ү¥˷һ£ǴûԸֲ¥ֵĲ˾¥ա
԰ƼСӣ㶼˷˵ֲˣҲֵ֪ʳ̫ԣʵûжĵֲ˰
үʲôõĽһҰ¤ô꣬үǵչˣҲرһǡһϡĺ롣
֪ǸСӣɣȺһ£нȥ㣬Ҫֳ֤ĲǶҪգҪȻʱֳ£Ҳʹ
үףһ¥̸ãԵĻþ¥֣磻ֳֻֻ֣ܹ¥㿴𣿡
УôУô˵Ҿ͸˵ˣȥϢɡ
գ鷳үˣҰ̸ȡ
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һº·ҲʮˣǰԻнûģڲһˣǰʱðأ˷ĻƣҲʮĺúˣֻĸףԱҲ򵥣
ЦĸˣôǰûзأҪȥӰڻЩûж׵С
·е}ûţôеأҲû룬תͻؼˡ
˵ˣ·ҲʮþˣָţȥϣҪȥһ¾ʲôˣҪȲЩӡ
㣬~
˾ˣզզġӣԽӴԽ·Ըеѡ
~㣬ⲻкϢ
ʲôϢ
˵ֲˣǴ˵ˣȥ˵¿϶ܳɡ
զզģһΪء
ⲻ˾ŲʮҸ˵ˣҪṩֺͲ磬ȻֳҲֻܹǾ¥ô
аӶС£ѾˣҲֲʲôˡ
ûµ㣬İɣһǶ˾¥Ĳˣ㶬ֲҶӵĲһ취¥ҵһݣһľ
ãҾĿԴˡ
ƺðɣ㣬ԱϢϢȺȲ裬ԵģСˣýࡣ
~ɣɲþ¥Ǯա
ӣÿο·ͦĵģˣϴʰƦåʱƦƦģȤ
·ﶼһеĻ㣬Ŀģ߹߳ˡ
·¥ʱʹȥã··شãһģһ峵һˣɫҰףشõĻվ⡣
ţǵȷҽˣ㻹ȥس濴ɡ
Ѿ޷ˣȥسǡ
·ҲȺ֪λﻼ˺ֲ֢֮ǰ·ҩҩҲǵѹ˵ҡ·һǲ촯Ҳ֪ԭˡ
һӣûˣϴҲӣŮĹŴȷҲǾ֢ˣ·ǵûŴö˶
Ƕ·˵ֻҪûתɰѪǿҽεġ
ո˻ƽгţ˵ǸţȱһҲһТӣƷӦҲУҪȻͳ־һȡһʤ߼


11 
뵽·߳ȭλ̨·ҿԿĲ֢𣿡
ҲͶ·ˣĶˣھʣ峵ϵһЩ鱾Լˡ˼·һգôӦòϷˣǣ֡
뿴κüĸսλ౨
ϣ·Ҳֱӿ͵֣֪ںδţ
Цûŵĵط
ǳֲĻϽһլӣȥǱ̸ɺã
ã·
Եȡ·ȥһЩֹѪ׵ҩģ·Ƶĵطֽȥ˾ơ
ųãӭ·磬ˡ
Сǰ䷿ʰλźʹҪסһʱ䡣
õģ·硣
֣ģ֮ǰԻȻʲôҽǴһԼķǸú˲࣬һᾡҽΡ
л֣˵Ѿ˺üҩ̣˵βˣҴСĸ׾Ϳϴ첹·Ҷ飬Ҳſţĸһ츣ûʵԼĸ~
֣㣬¼Ҳֻĸһˡô˵ʱΪ֪ͬ
·Ҳ˳·°мΪʲôŴ˵ţſʵףοͳĸһ˲ٳּͥ
·磬ʰˡ
ֵ֣ܶ˰Ѳĸ̧ϡ
Ҳ˲ñˡãá
ѳĸ̧ϴ·Ҳ˳ĸӺϿ϶ҲУ·漴˵
֣ˣҪȥ㿴вУЩ⼸ѧһ£Ȼϵģ⼸øŪÿ𣿡
Կԣ鷳ֺͼСˡ黭һŮҲʮһˣ·Ҳһ¡
漴Ѵҩļֲҩɷĩһһ߸黭ÿֲҩʲôʲôá
ټһνӴ·ҲǵһνǶ飻í˾úѧ·ʧ
ʵǸҪǰѷŧĵطذ׻ŧˮþƾֹѪ׵ҩɴˣûоƾһʱ֮·Ҳûа취ƾ
ֻȽһͶȵľƣЧûôãҪȥҩȵҩС
Ŷ˼ҩģ黭տˮɴһҲŪһЩˮȸĸһ裬ҪȻ̫ϸ
·ֳȥһˣ˼ȵҩ黭Ҳ׼ˣһ𵽳ĸסķ䣬ȴӳĸֱϿʼ
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黭һοֳ棬ﺦ£·һ£Ҳұֳ·֪Ǻ¾˵£ǾˣĸһһҪģŧˮɾвż
·磬ס·ĸСˣҲû⡣
ãͽˣҪעÿһطҪ
߰ɳ֣Ҹոöһ棬ȳȥš
úá
۾ģһǮѵӢۺ֮ǰѾûгԶˣһ߳棬һ߲ᡣ
·鱯ˣɢһעͺͳ˵֣㿴ҲûбȥڴҲܰᶯҪȻҵЩܵöʶ֣㿴𣿡
ͣ³ĶոտЩСӣԼĸҲҪչˣԼʱҲûеطȥ
վ֮֡Ϊұûסܺĸôʵռ˱ˣַģһúýǡ
֣˵˵˾ǽ
Ǿ˵ˣȥ䡣
·ߵ䣬´ųҰ̵Ƕ飬һҪúչʹ
·ģһú顱ָжˣ·ôôãǺãڹǳԴΪԺ㡣
֮ǰ֪Ǹ·ǲȷģ֪·ʲô
ؤʱ򳢾ů֪ûа׳ԵͣĿǰ·ÿ¶ΪǺãҲûжʲôֵҪԵܵǵΡ
׾ͺãոץҩһ룬Ǳȫã˾ôˣ⼸춼Ҫȡ
õģ·磻Ҽסˡ·ְѶһǴȥһһһ¾͸ţؼˡ


12 ѿ
֮ǰÿζǼҴҵĸ··ţƵһ·ķ羰
ȻûбȾر＾·ľҶӶˣɫɫӳˬֱһӾʢ硣
ⲻԼǰȻôǰܵˣѹֹôϲʫԼڶһ䡰ϼɣˮһɫ
·ţոսԺӣϾӭˡ
ոˣ˵㡣
Уȥһˡ
·ӣһ£ոңҶϱʲôҪү˵ʲô𣿡
ûаô˵Щ顣
~ʱǼ˷үܶ˸׵ͷ
үҵСŮż~ܵġ
ôܣȻүҵŮСǻҵˣǣҲпܵġ
ģûµġ·֪ҲһƬ⣬Լίľܾ
ţȥүʲô£Ҫǲź˵װɵֻˡ
ã֪ˡ
·ңҲû飻Ǻ˵ͬһһĶسֲˣѾˣֻЩ¾ճɵĲˣĻֻһЩСˣ²֡
·д㣬͸˵ү֪ȥýһԣҪǺĺãͿԶһЩˡ
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ڶһ磬·Ͱóһ޲ݺõĶӣְ޲ۻסӣͷŵϣеؽѣ¶Ҳúʡ
һŪһ߸ϽͣѿǰÿһˮԺ󿴷ѿãĳһ콽ˮٹˡ
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13 㶹
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Եģԣ֤˻ԡ
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޲棬ȫȥÿʯͷѹʱܳԵˣ·Ҳͦġ
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Ȼ˾Ϳȥ¥ˣԺ¥ҪôأҲһֱԼҲûǸط˺~
ҪԼиϵׯӾͺãڴһʯˮܱ֤طй¶⣬ϾԼ۶пܻ߻ѽ
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·ӣһܵģ춼ֵˣĸʦϲ˿ԼĲˣһŮС㡣
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ƹ˵ѳСӶӵԼլǳԴǶ飻һĵؿӡ
ӧˣҲˣܽܰɡ
㣬㿴⼸ˣҪԶΪԭϣģ֮ǰ㲻˵¶ɫӰǾ¥ô
ȻǺˣһ٣ɱΣЩҪǵġ
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ģģò绨ĵ飬˵һںӣȥġ
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֪а취·һִˣѹû𻹿·ףԺҪıԼ뷨ϾԼҪµġ


14 
ҪȥسǵĻҪȰϵ鶼һسԶţλҪ߰죬·žȥˡ
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һӣ취ӣصͿϲƣĸǮܿǮںȲ衣
ôˣ
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ïƴСϲӣŮ޸֣ԺһֱôʱûжԼŮѡѡȥѡһ˼ңûҲΪԼŮ۸Ҳ֪Լ
үŮҪæ¥ҪСסĸﲻ֪Լ뷨ŮҲ֪ú˵
ӣӣǸżҶʲôˣﶼڴ˵˷򡢻˵ͷ¶⣻سǸɫһõģһŵýŶûС
ߣǾһ֣ңôõ飬ָǣƫͬ⣬ҿûҵǮܸʲô
ô˵ҲҪϿһҪĵȵٸ䣬֪ʲôϹټǼҺǸĹةͣǻĻֽš
֪ǵңҲҸ˳װһξΪûп֣Ǹ쵰ıԣŰԼŪ⸱ģ
ӧǰûмǸ֣⣬׺Ҳһ㶼ϲǵżԼ˻ͣҪҲн졣
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ǣ㣬ֻļ䡣ĿԼԼˡ


15 ¤
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ĸѾԼˣҲ˺ܶ࣬ϲֻҪĸ׺ˣͿ׼ƿˡ
·ͳ˵ˣÿ¸ӵǮʱõСѶ飬ͳĸסãԳ˵ֱϲѶǱҲ޴ȥĸÿչ˳ĸ
ĸҲΪôСӣرˡ񲡶õıȽϿ죬ԸҪǮģ뵽ȥԻԻҪѵǮҲͲ·ˣס·İףѩ̿ѡ
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·óһʮĸش򿴣Ҫ̽̽·۸ꡣ
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λӣ˲ӦʮϣǮ
СҲǺܶش򿪸۸ɡ·治֪۸񣬶ҿϴҲǻſڿӵˡ
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·֪ڵˮƽһٶʮͨ˼ʮöˣ۸Ҳ
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֪λӿа˲Σ
·û˵ȵĿһشôش͸۰ô֪ҵһ˲Ρ
شԹԵ˵̫үĸز˲εа˲Σȥ̫үײΣ̫үǴТӣϰ˲ΣǮһģ̫ү⣬Ժ̫үϵ~
·ش˼̫үϾǴԺҪʵҲҪһɽһĿԽύѡ㲻Ϊܰһæ̫үҲǵݶɡ
Ѷ·ߣոû˵Ϊ֪̫үıԣײΣôûõһ֣ٵĺڳԺڣҲеˡ


16 ½
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17 
·ȥУ߽ʲôζУһһ·е㲻ʣһοʱһ档
߽Уӭӿ·ųҲǺǮӡ
ʹҪѾ߻Сˣ
һˣ
УУԵȡ
һӾʹ׳ӣֶǺõģǰԺˡ
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˵һҵ·ҲûаˣƸƸҪ˫ѡ˵ԼҲ֪ôѡ
ǼסҦԴһ棬ԼһСҪ֣ˡ
·һ˵һ߹۲Щˣͼ۾һֱת˳ԺҲһֱڹ۲··ĴŲǺǮ˵еģԾͲ̫Ը⣬һֱӹ
λүԸ⣬ﻹҵ޶Сһһӻɨ첹·ҴѾˣŮСҲһµġ
ǫ˵ʱеϾΪūԺͶɼˣзҪԼˣǾͲ֪ԼӺͶŮᱻȥˣֻ·ǸƵˣܰһ˶ߡ
ӳ˵˼˹ӣûе̺ãԵҸ㻻һӺݺݵĵǫһۣеĴɣһĿ˶ϲū
ţȰļ˶ҿ·ǫ˵УǼҵȷҲҪȵģһһӦøᾡľ
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·ùȻ˶ʡǮˣǼ黫ġ
ĺܺãǸʡʡûǵĻһȥһƥ޲ֲУ»Ҫ޲ǴܵˣСҲܲˡ
ǫһȻԼˣûпۡ뵽ϣǵĸһ̫ǮΪһңСĻ˶ٵĻƣǣ뾡ʡһЩҲ˿һҲǵô֮ˡ
ãı˺õӡ
·ֻ˵ģˣҲãԼܣû취չϣƻǱȥ
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ڶһ磬·ʹҺƻȥˣʵʱأûüȥյõľ¥һ
·ƻãöһ£ѾˣÿεղãֻҪƺʯû ·ָһĲˣŴ˻˴塣


18 լ
ǫǻص϶ˣǾȥسһˣô˻ˣĸŮõõһź
ǰ뱲ӻ÷ƮҡģҲ³սҽӲźùһ㣬ǴûԼˡ
ںƹ⣬ҪһЩæԺ춼ܣҪ˵˵УҲġ
ҲûסİԼסСء
İҶƻˣҴԱһСԺӡ
ôķӸӿԣҲЩǮһүĲ·ӰǻҪʡһǮã㿴ǰ׬ЩǮ಻ס
ʵǵİȻ˵ǮûдĽʱأţڻˣһӶųԷء
ͷİɣȥسһ˲Σİٶأ㹻ˡ·˵ó˶ƱϣǮţʲôǮĵطҲڣðš
Ͽ֮ǰҲеˡ
ðɣǾİɣ·ӣǻ̤̤ʵʵĹӣ£ڼǮҲôˣɽͲҪȥˣ˲Ҳ춼У㻨Ǯִŵġ
֪㿴ҴسǸ·֪ϵ뷨֮ǰӹˣĸŮΪҪΪԺ㡣
ڵ·ǰ·ˣԼбͲίԼԽ˵Խ𾢵ӣϿתƻˣһӻܶס졣
~ǽģ⺢ӣող˵һǮûǮҲˣ˭
ûǮԼ˰Լˣ˵ŮǻϣҴˮ㿴ûо治㣬Ӧͭġ
Ȼô˵ﻹǸˣԼŮһθԼһǽӣá
·ڼϰŴǫȥңҪȥӺֲ˵飬ǫܸԺͲʲô鶼Լˡ
үһլӡ
·СӣôլӸһ͹ˡ·ǲƮˣסլӣôɨ
үڼǮҲԺ鷳ˣһ˱ȽϷ㣬ǫǼҵĳԺæү
·˵ˣһʱ֮䲻ýܣʶɴ˵ĳ
УҲǡѹĸҪ޸Ժԭˣ֪Ҫסҵġ
ţ鷳үһǼĶĵأˣүʶ˻լ𣿡
ʶǰ϶ǸЩͷǷӵģҪǲ¾ͽǡĴũеʱ䶼̹ҲЩڵģˮ
ǿ̫ˣˣүשƬͶ鷳ȥˣ޷ӵǮҸǼǫ飬𣿡
ԣԡƼˣ֪ʲôƣǽģ˼ҵ飬Ҳ
үֲ˵Ҳǫˣ׼ӡ
úãȥæùЩү׼װ׵ġ
լӺֲ˵鶼ǫһ㣬ʲô鶼ΪͦõģǲɺʹɰʵףִֻУ·ϲָо~û뵽ԼôͱЩɸʴˡ
ڶһ磬·ִسͷĶѿȥ¥Ϊ˱֮ǰ鷢רƹһ£Щˣƹ˵ĸͷˡ
ϲǣʵǺͳѹ·ǰǹ¶ûкͳ򽻵ľ飬ѶѿŵԺ¥ȥ
¥ͿһѾվ˷ſڣ߽ȥӣСƽʱ˵ӱ棬ѹиѾߡ
㣬ôСˣ
ҵ˵ֻ֪ѾߣԺ󳤴Ҳסĸӣֻ֪ھ¥æС꣬˺Ҫͣٴһ㣬ѧˣɲͲ׽
ҲǣĸǵĶԣҸС
С壬㿴ʲô·óسߣСľСˣ˹ġ·С˵ˮסͷƵģüϡܿӣӣÿɰRUA
ҿԱ𣿡
԰ϿɣǺöʱҶס
·һ˹ĶССſˮɾͱˡ


19 ̸
·һ߶Сһߺӣ˵ȥسǵ飬رȥ½˸ײΣһ¥
ӣաߵʲôʺˣĺҲõԺҪƹӶչСŮˡҪ·ڵ˲Σ˿ɲܼġ
·֪ӣЦġõ㣬Ժ㡣
·ִӻóһľӣݸӣӣü
ȥӵʱ򿴵ģرʺ㣬͸㣬չĶ࣬͵лˡ
ӣ򿪺ӣһģȻǺܹأ·ȥسǲСߣԼӣ¾øˣ˿϶֪Ůʲô˼
Ҿȴ֮
ȻȻ͸ġ
ӣ̣ô⻹ǵһûʲôĿĸԼء
㣬²ˣһ£ȥ㳢
·ȥ⣬ˮƬ̶ѿ˶¥ӣһ߳ԣ·͸˵ѿôģ¤Ĵ
˵жѿ˵ĶҲУ̫ѵˣѿɿڣȻɫģǶֻܳԽ˺͸ɲ˵Ķ˵һ̫ѵˡ
ԵģĶĲˣֻҪ¶Ⱥʣһֱѿ
ǿԺ˵һ½ֻ¥𣿡
˵ˣѿʮּ򵥣ֻҪܰ¶ȣ˶Էӿ϶治סģҾͼƻѷӸֻ¥ǾͲˣϾÿҶмݣⷽӿ϶ᴫġ
ֻҪ֤겻ˡϾҪˣȥ̸ɣ¥Ǯһ۸Ҳܸˡ
·һֱСӣ̸ӣһ߸Сιһߺ˵ӣе㱡
ǰ˴ûôһ̸飬һֻͯʲô֮Ҳ˵̻֮ŮѵǴ֮ã·ӣͻȻָоرãԭҲ
˦˦ͷ뷨˦ʵ룬·һδĺжһӵĹѸ·ҲбˣŹ˶·ĺϢˡ
΢еʧ䣬Ҳ֪Ժ·ȢԺӻ᲻Լ
·ӣͻȻüͷΪľ¥顣
İɣ˶ѿͶ궬¥ⲻġ
ҵȻ֪Ǹسǵľ¥ô費Ҫ㰡 
Ѿ뷨ˣİɣʱ϶һϲ
·һֱڵֻлûҪȥһУҪȻǰ룬ʼôԭţʼǹԵġ
·ȥӱ߻һӡ㿴мֲĹɫĻߺɫģ
δǺ
һֵϣҪĵϡ
ңҸҵ̶ȥϣҲһЩ̣ţܲ
Զԣ̿У鷳˵ֺģرǺ˵ϾʹҿҶǮ򣬾òʧ
֪ˣҵȻСȥسǡ
㣬ûլӵİ
Ҫլ
԰öǸķӾͲˣס˶࣬סˡֻ䣬ڶǼסġ
ʲôҪ󣿡
ûʲô̫Ҫ󣬾һԺԺӴһ㣬ԺоҲ¡
ǲ˵⼸ոջһլӣúʣϴլӵʱûջһסģӻһӣöǰȥɡ
ԺΪ˸֣һѵһ㣬˰֣ȥˣҪϾֻԼŮҲʹ죬ǵɫΪǺ۸ģܵȥ
Ⱥ£㲻Կ?
ԿǸլӹҵȥҲ͹һʮҲ͵øһʮģⲻĽ飬˵Ҳ¥ҪãŰɡ
·ȭСڴл~
ӣЦǮҡ
÷ȥǰջǸլӵĵù
õģС㡣
Ⱥ÷ŵˣ·ͱСӣ
ȥҶһ˸˵һ£Ҫȥ𣿡
ҾͲȥˣҪСȥҶû취ˡ
ðǱСࡣ


20 
·Сһ·ȥãСֻˣ۾￴￴ģʲôץرǿǺ«ģˮĳˡ
·˺ЦڷҪȥãͰѱǺ«ȫҲøСǶһ֣ҲûгԹ
ãѱǺ«ָСǣһȺСӸ˵ֽǻûгԹأǰֻǿСˮǺ«·黭Сȥܵá
СҲȤֱӺȥˣ·óӿʼԸ
䣬ȥةһƻ㰴λȥլӵλãǰȥȱʲôðһ£ҴЩСӹѧһѧǿҪ׼Щʲô˵ҡ
ŵܵʰһ£ðĶţһլӣ̫СˣҪг·Ӻͳ²ĸס̫סˡ
õģ·硣һ·ĻΪʥּ
УɣҪʲôҪ˵ңҾһӣһ벻ĵطҡ
ڶ˵լﶼãǵļңǻûоʲô⣬ƻҲܺá
·ȥ˳ţһоô
·˾ס·֣ĸȻǴˣڶ𴲳ɹ̫ˣ֮Ϊ
֣Ե֣û˵ôţҺȥݼһ³²ĸɡ
·˳ĸѾǴˣסﲻñ黭ָŪĺܸɾҲɾڿŶоˡ
л·Ҳܺ
ĸˣ·ӾУִţҲֻǾ֮ͣڸǻ˳һλӣѾռ˴ˡ
·ӣҾͲˣҿﶼСӣҲ̫չԼۿžҪˣҲæҾ㿴һ°ɡ
ĸл·ֿ·ôСӣĵ԰׷Ҫʲô·
̫ˣһȺչԼ
չˣСĲչ˰İɣҺԺû飬ҪﵱӣҾ͵ʱˡ
ҾͲӿˣҲ࣬չ˲ǵĵطӣ㿴ÿ¸ӣǰųԴ˵һ¸ĵǮΪĹǮ㿴𣿡
ԣסôҪǮ·ӣ⿴ˡ
ǣӣ㿴ԺҪƿҲҪǮ溢ӴССʮÿֻٷ࣬ȥˣ˼ҶһԸ
~ĸһ۳ͷǷ·̫ˣծ಻ҪǷġ
аɣ·ӣӱ֤չ˺ǡĸЩæģôǮӵ뷨Ҳһ֮ǷˣʲôǷģɡ
·źóĸʳЩӵѧϰƽæпվ͹һ£ȻȺӾҪǸ
ͦõģҷֶжǱȻ˵ĿѧϰһǲѵģҪʦ϶нʿģʱúܶࡣڳ˸СɣԼҲҪæԣµ
Ҷ˼ˣ˼Ҹ˽ȥ飿
ԡ
ãˣҪȥһĸӺãҲҪһʶȺú׼ԣԼ飬ģ𣿡
Ȼԣ֣ոմС˭ҵģҼǵ㻹δ䰡
¥ƹģæţҴһ¡·һѾĸŮ˻һûйϵӴԼŮ棬֮ǰǸܾˣôôɵûۿûۿ
ŶȥͶɣҪȥˡ
·о˳һ˿ӦǴɡ
ҵǣһȺСߴߴģ֣·߹ȥССǶվã
Сǣˣڳ·ӽǶϰ֣ƻ壬һǽϰ䣬ֻҪǶúãԺ·רҷǣƾԼıȥƾ٣·Ҿһ·֧ǵס
书ѧĺãԺ·ԼҵӣⶼǣһҪŬϰϰ䡣
~·˵Ķ𣿡һȺС˷ܵĿ·
ȻģŮҲ٣һҲŮӣǶȺͳ·ѧԺ·ҸŮӣ黭ͨŲ·Ҹȡĺ֡
Ůˡ·СֺЩһÿСĶ棬һȺСӸ˵ĶҲˣСˣ˯˲תؾ¥
˯ŵСţӧʵ˯ˣ
·˯ˣҪû취ñСĿɸ
ӧԺ󶼲ôҪȥˡ
·ɣСԴ󣬿϶ˡ


21 Լ
Сӣ·ͻؼˡ
·صң³һˣһԷҺһԣڴ˼ҴˣعأܺһϳԷ·Ѳ˸ǶһЩͺ˳Է
·ûкϺúóԷϽ˵ĺܡ·ҲöԲϣ˵һ˵Ĺ滮˸˲ѣúǳˣҪģҾȻܹźӣúܺá
ڶ죬·˷ȥģǫվǼԱ߿ڵػ
үôˣôң߽ȿˮ
·СӣϢˣǴĵڶש߷нҲ㿴һ㡣
үˣȷ޺ãһҪȼ
ǵȻˣһôþƸүҡ
ţүеǺһ¡
·Ͱѷѿºһ˵˵¥ǮһչӣһҪһǮ
ɴ۾··ⶹѿôŪһﶹܳ˵ʮﶹѿ
ܣҪѧ˶·û˵ˣֻʱĶƷҲûִãִһ¶Ȱյĺһܳʮﶹѿ
·ֱڸǮһﶹӵҲʮǮһһܷʮﶹѿһﶹѿǮ·һĺԲơⶼ㲻
·СӣǲǻʲôҪ󰡣
үŰⲻǷˮ
УôǮķ϶ñˣҲ˵ˣҪԺ󣬾ͽ궬쵽ˣʱ䲻˵ȥҽ궹ѿֻܹ¥ҲֻнʱǮҾͲˡ
·Ĵָ·Сӣ
ү˵ǰ棬ѿÿҷһֻƷʺõģȹʱˣֻڵؽ淢ˣҪЩ˵
ǵȻˣȥҪǸжô׬ǮӪͲУܾܲ͸ҲǲԸҪҪܣˣү֤ԼãҾͲұ֤ˡ
·һҲǣڵǰһģҪǷ壬ﶼû֮صġ
Уүİš
ϾͻȥϽˣ˶ĺ£ЩԺԲƣϾճڼèһֽûС
·ҲϺǫһҽеһΪû޺ãʱԺһľס档
ѿˣʱүԼһǩʹȥ̴Ĵˡ
ǫ㵽ʱ¸ղ˺նѿպˣ͵ϵ¥ƹԽӣҵʱƹ˵ġ
˺ܸˣҲˣܰ·
һЩͽ·˵үȥһˡ
·үЧʾǸߡ
·ʱүϵ϶ڣóԼѾӡˡ
ⶼڵ˰ӡ·СӣǩˣӡһԼͳˡаൢһ͵󼸰ĵǮء
·ҲԥֱӾǩˡ
·Сӣ㿴ԼѶһҪʲô
үѿͻˣüȥҸ˵ˣǵģʱڷĹʲô⣬Ҳȥ
ãã·С㶼ź˾УǾͲˡ
үô
·үҳߣǼ·ӵĵػóɾϾдסˣͻȻⶬˣʱѩö䰡ұӦÿǾͻȥ˼ͼֽǫ
壬㿴ǿֱͲôˣֻҪѿůڶůͣȥһ£ôڵķӽһ£ֻҪԷѿϡ
õү
һǫһ󺺽үү˵º
·֮ǰ滹Ƹȥʱæ̶̼£·үˣүĴӣڼֵأƽҲ̹·޷ӣҲգͲףŴһ·ӡ
壬ˣôʲô飿
ոǫ˵Ҿúܺãƽȥ̹ҲûĶϾҪˣ㿴ܲҵʱҼרŪ̿Ķӣģ
壬ͼˣ㿴Ҳֻͼֽм仹кܶϸҪĹв֪⣬ͼֽ͵ҼҵĿǮô
ôУⶼķӣⲻռı𣿡
·˵ʵҪǮ϶ͼֽ
ɣ壬̿Ҫǳȥ࣬ڼǮöĲʣҾҪɣĶģʱ̿ô֣ҲܣǮҲֻý꣬ô
аɣ·ӣҾͲˣǼ⼸ҿ϶Ūĺúõġ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ѷѿ޷ӵ齻ǫ·ȥɽɽϺúô졣


22 
ֻԼһɽʱ򣬲ԼмûжˣԼ嶼Ӳˡ˳㿴һܲҵһʲôӣɽء
Ȼ˵ҪæңҲֻϣڱϡ
ȥɽϣ·׷ŷˣҪɽϴ죬·һĵطס
ߵɽһиɽ·ɽȻðһЩ̣ȻǺŨۿóһ㣬ߵɽ߾һ棬һζȪɣ
·߽ɽһɽȻһȪһˮ£ʺ裬ϧˣôû㷢֣ڷҲ٣Լ뵽ȹʱʱж
·ͰΪԼӪ⼸ɽϢ䣬ԣڲҩȪݣӼֱҪ̫ܻء
ɽ˼죬·ת۾˷ܣûԽʿĺˣûҵǼϿҰﴧ˲Σҵɽµɽѣջˡ
ȥɽذײǺܺãҪĳִľذԺŸ㣬ڵľذѪۣðγǾ״Ծ֦񣻻ɱҰζȡʵҰҪȥذˡ
·صңҰֳ޷ӿôҳԶٺõģһɱƼ¤ĹϵﻹмŮĴ·⣬һ޹ש߷סĸСﲻϲء
رȥЩӼҽ̷ѿЩ˶ԼĹŮʲôǰΣϻεһĻŰҪжӵøĶŮ
ĸŮֿʼϼƣ·˵ô죿Ķҳˣ˼˵¡
ģŽӳȥ˿·бµģ̫ˣ֪ԼڼҴˡģ
ͿʮˣǸüƻˡ
֪ˣһ취ġ·Ҳļ֪ΪʲôҪɷȻŴ˿ǵһ
ڶ죬·ȹʹӺСȥɽժɽѣ·Ѿƣİ˪з͵Ĺܣƾͼ˺ܶ࣬Ϊ˾ƵĶһ㣬·ȥ˰׾Ƽ棬ûаɰǣֻлƱǣ·á
ĶʮѾƣ·ԼĻֶһģҰ·ææµµӣǱ¥Ҳ¡ս
ǲ鷳鷳Ҫǡ
ߵС¥ӣ˵ةӣĻ¶ˣϴ֣ҵةƲҪƾһ֣ôܰ鴫ǽ֪
ӣ鲻ð죬ةͨƿҵĲƸưոݵġǲԸټޣⱲСˣɷ
ү˵µʱ䣬Сץʱ䣬С벻취үͻС㶨¡
ӣ֪֣ҵ£öԲŮڶλŮԼƱǿ̶̵ôʱ䣬Լô취
֪ˣȥҵһ취ġ
·⼸춼ûȥ¥ҲӣģҪӣĳΨһһ˵ϻѣԼ±Ұ⣬ŴͲ˵ĳһ𵽵¥
㣬ˡ
ӴΪ㲻Ҫأⶼһˣֺ춼ãôسӣ¥ˡӣüû·ûҭֻ֪˦ƹ
ý㣬ҰգⲻڼҸҵľ¥о²𣿡˵·óʳС
㿴±⣬ȻһԷúõĳƲвС
ã㣬˰ɡ
һ£ߵķֺһһʮȻǵ˺ãϾôһ㣬Է˾ôࡣ
ûȥ￪¥
ȥǰӣûΪ֮ǰ¥ĴĲҲЩȥسǿ϶ûسЩ¥ãڲһ˰
ǿԿǣôⰡ
ʲôֶûһƲأ˵Һ¥ĲҲһ
¥Ҳҵһݣҿ϶ϣ¥ԽԽá
һˣһ졣
ӣзĵ飬·ģҲɿһ¡
磬ӣŴ±⣬·Сһûʲôѣ·ദʱ䣬·ѡ
·ĳûкȹأʾ޳ɣ˱߳Աġ
㣬ҿüϣʲôĵ飿
~ø˵ʵû˿˵֪ĳɷ涨Ѿ䣬ڿҪˣ˴ҵ⡣
~·ʵڲ֪˵ʲôԼûа취ء


23 
˵ôɷ°˲磬ô죬ǰһ̾͹ȥˣС~
ڴһةͨңҵǮӣưոݵġ
·ӣӣۼˣôСôСôࡣִͣҲǵĴѧ͡
ϧԼŮҪȻôҲҪСһѡ
~ȵȣȻԼ֪ԼŮӣ˶֪С㲻ںĻȫԺٷޣԼⲻҲ
ѽѽѽ~ô˵أ᲻أһɣҪǺףǺҰһϵơ
ھǼٳףԺϲٺˣ·ԽԽС
ةӽسǵľ¥ϣŸԼʱȥݷһˣةҲɵֻ֣Ҫϲҵ鷳ǿԷһ
ȿȣ㣻ô
ӣסˣ֪·ʲô˼
ҹϾͶʮˣüޣҼһĸףȽϼ򵥣֪û뷨Ҳ㵱ѣҲ˳ףҪȻףףǼٳףԺϲˣٺ룬Ҿ㡣
ӣΪϲԼԼף͵͵һˣ˼ֱûпϣ˵ʲôٳס
ӣûϸ룬ûΪʲôԸף·ĸôͬ⣬ԼôڵĶôȢӵĹѸЩϸ롣
·˵㿴ҳԺ㻹ǿ¥ȫ֧ԼҵҲϲСһСԼĺӶԴ~
á
·סˣкöɶû˵ء
㣬˵ʲôû
˵ãýȥسװɡ
ӣ뱾һģԼ꣬͹ֲˣҲŻ㲻һϵͷ࣬ٳףȥɣӣķȥˣϲˣ~
·ԼǾƺȶˣеͷͷеΣеţ֪ġ˵ˣ
ţ˵ˡ
㣬㿴ȶףѻˣТڹˣٰϯ𣿡
ԣ㰲žˡ
·Ÿոյķֺ¥κģµͽˣ
ӣ·뿪ʵ֮ǰС˴ʱһ··ĿǰߣñȽкøеˡ
Ůӵֲȿʣ˳·ĻӦԼò·
·ԺԼķˣӿһۣһ˷գһҸģվʰؼҵš
·¥ڼţǫͲˣԼȥһƥŪԼžж;ٶҲţܶࣻҪȻֻҪţʱ䶼˷·ϡ
תȥţһƥںõ׳ʮǮǲһƥּˣ·ҴһؼˣҪȥ׵飬Ҳ֪᲻ͬ⡣
ڼ𣿡
ϴӶôˣҴҵģôԼŮǹܲסˣ춼ǮҪʮ
С£дº˵ǽ˵
·Ѻӣõ˵ϡ
еͨڲ֪ŮһԺ֪ˣ᲻˵ȥʱɾͲùˡ
ģҲ˽һЩ˵ⲻǻæҲϲңҲϲԺҪϲˣҾͬ룬ⲻȫ𣿡
үǻͬ𣿡ϾԼŮеֹˣܶϷǸ²ǿԼŮˡ
ҪΪһӣԼŮȷˣ·Ůװʱ׼ǲ֪ԺԼŮʵݵĻûˡ
㶨ģͿҪôȥס
·ӣ֮ǰһֱǵﰴԼԸװģҪףһ䣬Ůĺе֮ѡĻôѡ
Ҿͦõģ㿴ܳȥ⡢ԣԼϲ飬ҵŮԵľŮٳּںԺһСͦл͵ģѡ񡣡
ãȻҲѡˣǾҪãԺˣˣǰҪԳ֡Ҹûôõʱܱ¶Լ

²˳٣·ȥ׼һ˫㣬ȻȥسףǾȥسðЩȥҹýױȽϺãŮҲӡ
õģɽȥ


24 
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ϴ··Ҳһɫȥ٣ҲһЩһ˲ţϰͷ߰ɣ·ӡ¸ȸϳ
¤سǣÿջȥ˹ýˣ֪ҺŮ˵ˣ߸Ͼб˽Ӵǡˣ㿴ȥҪ׼Щʲô
ֻȥף׼ʲô³ˣ˰֣׼Ƹš
Ǿ鷳ˣסڳеȫջн鷳֪һ
½Ǿͷİ ׼ǰ
˹ý·ֱشã֮ǰ˲εǮòˣʣİٶҲίӣʹ˲κ֥ǮƸ
ӣǰͻسǣؼҾ˵ĸڼСĸ廨
ĸˣôŮڼ˶ûзƽɷŲǸ¥ˣС춼ܿģһֱԷ˯һϣ춼
ûĸŪԭýˡ
һŷͽүбš
Ŷ
ܼȥз˺С㡣ϾڼԼŮҴޣ϶ԼŮ˵ýˡ
ĸӣո£˵
ѽүˣǵϲˣϲ
үһӣȻŮǻˣ֪ļҵСӡ
˰ϲ֮У֪ˡ
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ӣһˣȻýŵ죬ֲû·û˵ͿһͷȻվȻطˡ
ãŮȻطɡ
ĸȥŮô£˵˵ļҵĹӣӴô˵
үз·Сһ𿪾¥ɲŮò
ˣԵȣȥһ¡
֮ǰǸ·Ǹ˾ӣôûȢˣǰԼŮʱ˵ûʲôҪһǲ·ʲô
ӦõģӦõġҲżŮҪһ¡
ǰһסĸԺȥӣԺӣӣʯϣһڵǡ
~˵ôڼ˼컹żأԭҰһͿʼǺ
˵䣬Լ۹Ů취ף㻹ˡ
ӣӣ㣬·ô;þˣ
ܺãң˵˼ҲӦͷ¶棬֧⣬ϲССҲϲ
ŮһߵӣֱûۿȻǵڶμŮˣһ᲻á
ĸˣ𣿡
Ȳ˵飬ǺƷŵģõѡ񡣡
ã֪ˡȻܣŮչҪ˵ģ·ĿǰУԺæŵ㡣һҪԼŮá
ллллǲˡ
ҰѸˣ¾㶨ˣϰһ㶼û⣬֮ϡ
Ϊ·סڿջ棬ɼڶߵúܿ졣
ڶİ³ţ·ӣͳ˶ˣʱֻҪ˫ףͿȥŰˣһǰ϶ةͲܴⷽˣƻ˵Ļ¿Ǵ
·Ƹ˴㻹Ʊʮ˲ΣķӺͶѿķӣδ¥ɹɷݡ
ȻֻһֽԺĲƸ󲻵ģȻǼٳףҪˣ˿ӧ
ӣ⣬֪·ļҵףóôƸѾԤˣΪ·ġ
鶨ˣ·سǺúõĹһһԣ˳ȥ֮ǰ͵ĵ
λã·һС¥滹һ¥ӦС㣬Ƚϴ󣬺ԺӣԺмˮ˾¥һ棬һ񷿣涼᷿һļ䣬ȫԹʦСЩס档
·ӣôĵط̫үģ
԰ҿɸһһٶʮ˲Σ޼֮
Ӵ~ĻŵúܡԹ¹٣ϲ֪ǲҪԼҾ¥
ģҴ㵽ʱ¥͸˷ֺ죬ġ
ţǶԵģǾ͸ȣ׬һЩǮС·˺ЦҲûз


25 ݷ½
~···һ˲Ǹ
磬㶼ͷͷ˺á
㣬㻹Ȥˣⲻĸ˲Σ˵ĸףҩ˾ͷ
ϲˣ϶ƽֵŬͿˣֻ˸ά㡣
㣬Сӣ˲˵ˣسȥݼ𣿡
~ѾǮˣ⻹ȥ߶ţ᲻²õӡ󡣡·û᲻ԵԼ̫ġ
ǿԼֲҪȥָʲôȥݷһ£˵ЩԼһ㣬ʱ˾͵ˡ
õģлл㣬ҴԺسǿһҾ¥ʱһ糩
úãˣ⻹ڵֵء
·˵еƣϸһ㣬ôأֻҪպöȣķоˡ
ͷ˵ȥðȥݷһˣϴ˵ĸ׺ȥݼȥӦʡ
ҾͲȥ˰ɡе¼ٵġ
ȥһ˲ȥݼ˵ĸס
аɣһˡ
·һʮ˲κһЩ㣬ͺȥ½
½Ϊϣ½ֱܼӾͰ˴½̫̫Ժˡ
ϷˣˣϴײεĹӣ·ĸס
·ҼҴ˵ĸףҼҴ˵ķˡ
ݼ½Ϸˣ½ˡȻţ½ǳŮҳȷǷ
𡣡
ϴζ⺢ӣɵ˲ξһϹͷ̸Ц
ϷˣϷ˸챣ӣҪȻôɵ˲ΣسҩǡѰΣⶼϸԼĸ
ĸ˵ҲҸ·칦Ͼôľ¥֪ԼŮ˱ġ
ƣ˵½Ϸ⻰Ц˼Ҿϲ»
½ˣĸôϱƽǲ˵ƽûôġ
½ϷˣӴ㻹ˡ
ĸôôְ½ûˣһٷ
ݼ½ˡ·æһ
½ڼ˰ɣԭ·ֶ˰
·ǵĴˣСسϳׯŮףЯĸݼ½Ϸ˺ˡ
½ţˣǺ°ˣֶ׼һݺ񡣡
·лл½ˣСȴ֮ˡ
½ˣҲôͽ½Ҷϱһһ½̾ˡ
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⺢ôôʵϣϥǹˡ½˵
ҿҲǸƵģܾе졣Աϼһ¡
·½ϴСӻؼҲ֪ȻСһž¥ĵСʵھ֮ǳߴͲɴǡҴѾ¥̫ˣкܶ಻ĵط½ҹһ¡
½˿һԼķˣŶֶ֪Ҫʲô¥
·ڻȱһζϣҴ㿪ӣʱ½̣½½һƷһ¡
½ˣðլҲûʲô¡Ӧˣʹ˵Ǻá͵ŵʱ¥Լ͹ˡ
½Ŀ·һۣһ
鶼ò࣬·ʹϻشˣ·Ҫˣһ½ȸоˣѾһ룬Ųһ¾סȥˡ
ڶְѼ鰲һ£ȥ¥⻹˶Ժһμ棬ӣе㺦ߵģ˴ֵģû£е
ҵ˵½ϵ̶ӻˣģ˵Ǹʲ֪ԼŮˣҲ֮ǰһЩ
㣬죬ȥ˵žӣ¥ⷿȥ
㣬㡣ӣ۾·֣һ£䶼ˡ
ǣۣҵĻ
ĿԳԣҵ˵Ǹ֮ǰιû򣬲֪ʲôãǺ˵úܡ
۸Ҳ󣬾ȻҪʮһȾ󡣡ʵɹɵǺᣬ̴ôԶĵطĹʮѾǺܱˣҪǲãƲʮľ
󣬲ܺʣллˡ
ûأҽʲô
ⲻǾýвӣбһ··Ķһġ
㣬ҾˣǮҵۣȻ˵һ£һҪǻУ̶ӰҴ
һǧȫС
ȥɵ˲ɣģȻôͲ˵ĸȥ
·˵еˡԶԶԣܵߣȻˣȥˣȺȲ衣
⻹࣬ˣС㼸ˣʱȥ
ðȥǱ棬ƽʱûʲô飬ǱСӶ࣬Ȥˡ
ɲǰöҲǳ⳶ǵģڷҪȥˡ
´λǰ¥Ҵ档
֪ˡ


26 ֪
ˣװһسǵľ¥ʶ𣿡
ҵ֪ȥҵҪȻ֪²˵׼
ȥسǣͼֽȸװţӾҪ붬Ժ׬Ǯɲܵˡ
⻹ûأͿ϶׬Ǯˡ
ǵȻ㲻˭
аɣʲôҪҰæ˵ңҲȥسٿ¥Ҫȥʱҵȥûкʵλá
ãȥƹܿˣȷûʲô顣
·ȥãһȺѧû죬ҪչʾչʾҲֵÿǡ
ִѵ˵ƻǺڵѵʽϣһǵѵһЩԵĵط£ӦСгЧ
ҲССһ㡣·ֻҪЩѧһЩԱҪʲôɱ֣̫
ףӡ
ָ˵һ׵飬Ҫ֮ǰûлڻ·լ棬Իһˡ
·磬ϲˣȴͷϲ
أֻǶף¥ңԺɩɩˣ¿ȥ˶֮ǰ·˵֣·Ҫȥԣûʱ̵㣬ҲˣҴһһķȥ˽ӡ
·磬ͺˣóȥѧԼҲܿ
ڵѾܺˣȻԼҲ飬ȥȡ·Ѿһˣٸ·鷳
㲻»ǮֻǮ飬Ժ㳤أľһӣµµΪ𣿶ֻкúõĶ飬ԺܸõıңЩܵǶбϣ֪𣿡
·磬ˣһúö顣
֪·˵öԣƽӹĹһӣúö飬Ѱһ·Ƕ·绹ǶԵ˵õġ
Ͷ·Ժ󻹵ɽء
·֮ԣӴ仰ͳССƣպλҲ·һ
·ҵʱҲոյң·ӣڷĶѿͦõģûʲôˡ
ϣ춼ȥ̱˷ѿʲôҲϲ
ǾͺðͿԶϢˡ
үѿ˵˱ǫһ˱
ҿ·һ£ʵ˵ЩҲߣǿƼһãǮ򲻵Ķ
ţעյʱƷһҪãҪĳС
˶ӣûзЩ顣
Ǿͺã壬һԺҪسǿ¥ҿƢԸ񶼲ȥسȵô·һЩԼˣԺ󿪵˰ʲô鶼Ϊ
ӣҵȱˣүļūүֻܷԸУȥүľ¥æ컯лүΡ
УǾɡ
ү˵լӿʮվͿˣҪѡ𣿡
ү˵࣬¸ǣӳˣȥƹ˵ʱһʦǰϯ õү
ˣͲ˵ĳһЩЩʱᵽ~ʱᵽҷ䡣
õģү
·ԼѾƣӦˣһæ̳
óʮʮ̳ӵѾƣٽҲֻһʱģʱҲֻˡ
ڶ·ȥسǣֱӴƷȥ
֮ǰ·ˣҲ·Ĺ䣬ӡҲС
ȻԼǼŮǲòϣԼŮһ޵ĹѸҵôõСӣѾõĽˡ
֮ǰȥ˼ײΣ˸һ¥л񣬾ƸǸ¥벮һװһǸӡ
·û뵽Ǹײεˡ˵飬˵˵ľ
¥ӣӣռɣҸ½ɣô·½ҷ鶼˵
ô̫ˡ·Ͳ㵽˼Ҹһӣ찡ԽϿˡֶ㵽ܺáܺá
ةǱ߲Ҷˡû뵽һֱԼˣѹֺӣҪѡ·ԼŮȻ۹⣬Զҡ
鷳ˡ
鷳鷳ԼˣҪɣͼֽԿңֱȥװ꣬ʱŪСȥ֪ͨǡ
ԼŮϽܸˣԼŮ޹ȥԺҲõСڵԼͺбµ˻Ůˡ


27 
Ǿлˡ·óԿͼֽƱ
˲֪ӣӣû˵ղϣһҪ̶ܶ࣬ȥϣһҪҴǸж٣ն١
õģ֪ˡ
¥װҪõʱ鷳һЩǸңʱǰȥ˸½һƹ
úãӦ½˰ƹģ㿼ǺܵϾӣӣһˡ·ĺܵɶԼˣҪ½˰һƹȽϺ½Ҳġ
Ҿȸˣһûȥо¾¥ĲƷ
ȻˣȥæɣҾͲˡ
·͵¥ˣ˵Ҫӣģ¥һ㿴ˣѡ֡
·ľ¥λʮ·ڵĹ䴦ʮۣ·תҦ··سǾ¥ݾۼλá
·뿴·ûкʵӣá
ǰһңͿһǾ¥̵ĸʾ·߽ȥһСڴӬС磬Ҫ⻹ǳۣ
λȥƹ
Сһ˳λ͹٣Ҫ̵𣿡
㣬֪ΪҪ̳
͹ֱ֪ǰ¥࣬ҲͦãԴةҵС檵ĸڶ濪Ѱζ¥Ժ󡣾ͿʼżͬУҿɲǾͿȥ𡣡
·һ¿ɲð찡ôةŰ谡һС檵ĸ綼û˸ҵ
ǲ֪ۼΣ
ǧλҪǧλѰζ¥Ķ棬ֻܵͼ۳ˡ
·λܻ㣬ǿģʱڽֿڿĻ걾Ҳ׵壬϶ǸةĴӲͻҲʲôŵλˣҪϵġ
˳ϱ˲Ҳ硣
㿴УҽղδһǮ˵һ£һǮǿ𣿡
ԵģԵģӡ
·ӱ޻ҦԴ
㣬ҿһ棬Ǿ¥λõԱߣҾͦõģһǧһĶǮҪȥʾ
Ⱥȱ裬ôôõλֻҪǧӲʲôɣ
·Ϣ˵ӣ
д˵֪ʲôʱ٣ة˲·ǸλҪˣһˣةһ졣
Ҳģʱ꿪ҵʱһ½ȥʣһǲǹȥôһسǣѵܰ˵ķˡ
УҺһȥ
ǰСҲϰɣسǹһ䣬϶ġ
ɿˣҿɱ˵Ĵ㱧
Уұұ𡣡
˵գ·һȥˣһȥϣȥĸ¶һ֣ý֪·ϵµó
ô˵Ҳͦģô飬غرҲһֱֻ˵Ǹɶһ֪볢ʲôζ
ƺðɡ
·ȥҩϣûţͣţڹٸģֹɱţ·ȥһ͡
ûţ͹óԣ·룬ǵ취ţͣ¤ߣӦҵʳţ⣬ţ͵ģҪûëǺţ⣬Ͳˡ
ص·׼ˣмԼϣȻ϶ҪԼһζˡ
·ͼ̵нСը̳ȻݹͻĳζȻΣЩϣóʢһЩ͸Ϳˡ
ҪҪֱŪһϵСרųƻϣֱõãͲ·й¶ˡ
·ƻ˺Ҫ飬֮ǰ˵ţ࣬ոճϵʱûкܶպϣ֥齴ȵЩûеģĻҪ黹ܶء
ҲˣȺһζɡ
·ӣ㣬ո㳴ʱҾŵˣζ̫Եˣ㿪һܳɡ֮ǰŵǺ˵ζ²ܳԣǺ·ϣԽԽ㣬ԽԽ㣬Ŷˮˡ
ǣһã߳ԣֲ䡣
ԶԣģԽԽů͡
·һΪһܶ˶ǵһγĵִֻ΢Ƕ˵ѾǺˡ
·ϻкܴռ䣬ǵõϺ˵ĸ߶ۡ
ڶ·ȥӣϣӣһȥسǡ
ӣСк÷һСˣ·Աߡ
̷~𣿡
棬Сһ
Сһʼͺܸˣͷ쵽·˵·ҲһĻش
ԽԽ˷ܣӣ涼ס·һ˵ʹ֪һŮôϲЩ


28 Ի
ˣⶼסˡ
ҪȻɣҴСһΡ
ôһ󡣡
Եģұ
С屧һ𣿡
Ҫȥ̷
~ø߰
ܣܣ ۡ
ӣԽԽԶ·Сһ㡣
֪ˡӣ·СЦر㡣
ⲻһֱõû뵽ӵ﷢һҪ·Сߡ
һ·ͱ˯ŵСˡܸո̫˷ˣŵ˯ˡ
Сģоʱ˭סһ˯ˣҰɣú˯֪һСŮôúöһҲľ
·ҲŮӰҲһ㶼ľ
ӣСü᣻رϲСӣԺûо¶ҲǳƣΪԼԭͬǡ
֪Ϊʲôӧĺӣͦϲģͺ֮䱾͸ĳ˵ϵڤڤ֮ӧڵӿһҲһˡ
Ϊźӣ˭һѾ޹˵ŮӣҲ̫˰ɣ˵еഺŮɬϣ̾С˵ǣ㣬ҿԽӣӣ𣿡
ӣ·һۡ㡣·øոտ̫ܵˣеĻš
ӣӣ~ӣӣ~
ˣˣл갡
ٺ١һɵ࣬ûۿ
߰ɣϢһ¡漴´Լġ
سֱӾȥҦ·ͺǾ¥һȥλþӣˣֻȥһûҪװõĵطȻһȥˡ
ӣȥ·ɺ÷ȥ˳￴·ò˼롰ү
үҪˣ㿴ʲôү˵һ˵үҪʲôóŪﻹǵһμ˽ˣһš
ã÷ȥСССɡ
·һ³ĶͦʢģѼ⣬ȫȻжѿͶӦӣӣͻؼҵġ
ѼóʹͷһüһӣǱˣСҲܳԡҪը⣬С˶ó׼ˡ
ӣˣӣѼƻسǿ˵
˵￪¥˵Ƕ~֣һֱȰӣصس꣬סڼӣԼһ޵Ůһֱڸĸס
ԼҲǸ鷳
Ů˵˻˵䡣ĸӣԹ˵
ӣӣȻ˵֧㣬ڻҲˣϵľ¥㿴žˡ
֪ΪҺãǰˡ
֪ͺãȻûʲô£һǻסģˣһҺúþ۾ۡ
ӣӣ˵·һôûĸŮ˻ôˡ
һȥˣ˵Ҫ¶һ֣˳ǰơ
ããҿҪúóĸ￴ŮԽԽ⣬ĸ·ԽԽϲûɹףҲ򵥣֮ǰദҲͨˣؼԼб£˿ɲҡ
ҴɩҴһ˫ŮʱҲҴҸˣλΪö׵飬øϽƽǶڽҵɣ԰ҵ
ϳԷΧһˡ
֣˵Բôģôԣ·Ĵ˸ŷˡ
뿴߳ԵģһζΪСӣûԧ·׼һһ
ֶĿԳ𣿡ʱĸˡ
ĸģȻһ£ԲٳС
˶ˣֶ˵ôԣ㡣
ҸҵպϣҲƾԼϲȥζˣزˣû̫Ľ԰ɡ
ȳһ
˻ҪȼˣǺúó԰
ȻһƬ˹˹ǴҶԵúܿģСرϲͼ裬С·رż־·Ŀӣ·ÿӸӣԼųԡ
֣С÷ѾͷǰɣҲóԡſ·һֱСԷͿڵ
ûϵڳԵ棬øӣԼϳԡ·һַСһԼԷ
ſ·ǿԣԼĺչˣ󲿷ʱ䶼Ƕ˺ѾߣСֻļŮǱԼӶá
ĸҲ극һһȲ衰ֶҿ϶ܷ¤Է棬ζԡʱͿʼ̶ϴģǵһγԵʳϴ¥ԵĲ˸ζ
Ǿͽ貮ˣԺѻ꿪ģϧûţ⣬Ūĵţ⣬ţͣƷḻܶ࣬ζһ¥
Ŷ~ʵȥھ̸һ̸ھ̶ֱȥطڣϵرģܶţֻҪʳܻͨصȫˡ


29 
̫ˣĲƷͻܷḻˡȻǱ˱Լа취
ʲô磬Щھ̶Ϥ
Աסԣ֣ϾҵˣǶһˣ㲻Ҫҿ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ڶ죬žʹ·Զھ֣Զھֱ鲼ĳݸڣҲ̶Ӵţ˵˭пܴӹ·Ūţ򣬿϶Զھˡ
ͷҵ·ӹŪЩţ㿴ھԸһ𣿡
ӣƹӣھһҪȥ⣬ʱǿڣţ򲻺ô۸ҪһЩ
ھÿȥҲһЩɵţ͹زΪţ򲻺ôֵ·ϵʱ䣻ԻûдĻ
ףףͷҲֻҪһΣ˵ҿһ¥Ҫţ⣬ԵĻԺ϶᳤Զھֺġ
ɣֺʽѡˣһֱϣǮ·̣ӣʱţģţǮ͵ٸţǮС
ڶ־Ҵţ򣬰ҵļ۸㣻㿴ѡַʽ
·֪ڶַҲˣͷѡһְɣҿҪʲô͵ţ򣿡
԰һǾͶġʵ·Լھȥģе࣬ûʱȥһˡ
ãڶһ֮ھͻʱʱ֪ͨ㡣
õģ׳ţҶҪĸţĸҸҪ5ͷ·ţǳҪĶԺԼȫԼ
صϣ·ӣ˵ˣͲ¥ˣҪڼо²ԼҪشһţﰡҪȻôţţҼ﷿Ͼ޺ˣҲࡣ
˼·˵ҪأҲ·Щ飬·Լг㣬ͰʱԼѿˣ﷢ѿ˵ĳɣ̿ĳһ·͸˵
ҲЩԼŰ졣
·ŻܸϿ쿪ҪȻҪ벻ˡ
źɽϷ·һƬƻŶһũׯʱеƷţɽѺ͹ĻѾƾͻ
ȥأүǼΧĻĵغɽ㿴Ҫӣ
õĺܣӴŶϱѿ̿׬һЩǮʳһ̨ף·ҵԽˡ
·СӣҪôĵظĵؾˣǸɽֲʲô𣿡
үҴȻӹŪһȺţҲҪطá
ðɣҪʲô˿ȥ𣿡
үڻûãģʱҪˣ϶岮ǡϾƼҾˣҪ˶࣬ȫ˻Ҫڴ㣬ҪһԣС
úãص㲻òģϱȥʱŻأ֪ǮأĵһĶģɽһĶһģҹƿһƬᳬġ
·Ԥڡõģү鷳ˡ·óǮҲãȥةЩˣʱص˸һЩ
һĵŵ˿ܻϸǻɽһ㶼ģôһɽҪĻе춼꣬ɽ·ߣ˵
õү˵ҡ
˹ˣصʱҽ㡣
·ɺͶƤжݣ۶УҪҵ±УҲԼˣ£дһӣ
ӣ˵Զھֵ˰æһ±ЩкηĸȥңɫɰʯһĶ±ĶζأҲ飬պֶһݡ
ڼһͼֽʱլλһ£һµؽѣƷţҪԶһںɽɽŵĻĵأլλãҪӹϵļӹ
ʱû뵽ȿţҪȻڶ鷳һҪü
Ҫ˰ǰڴг̹طĹؼ軹ҪԼ棬ţһסδԱס
ȻԼˣ·ûаǵ˿ﻹִ˵˼άֻҪЩģһֱǼңǵȶʮԺЩӾͶָԼҲ


30 
ʱͰѻɽĵ·ûˡغͺɽһһʮĵǰǰһһʮĶĻɽصԺҲ
㿴ɽжĶ
ᳬһǧĶġ˵
ǾһǧĶɡ˲֪ǲɵɽɵǮࡣ
һʮͰˡ
·ֿ˻ԺСʱȥɽһǲѣһҪһɽһ֣һһɣ̡
ת۾͵˷ϯˣͷһ·ȥɽϴͷҰ·ɽϤúܣɽԺֱҰĵ̣˺ݻ࣬꿸žͻؼˣҰɪɪı̬Ӧʱ䶼һ㡣
һ¥ĴˣҲæֵĺܡ
ϣи㿴·С޵Ӷɰ
˵·СӶ׵¥ҡ˵ǸǸӵĹѸ֪ƼһᷢӦðԼҵĹ˵·ģש߷һڰ
Ȣһ½𵰵Ķϱ
뷨ͲһˣǾ¥ϰ壬һ׬ٵӰѹƼ޵ש߷ոȥˣȻ滹ûŪãĴ󣬻ǶԺӣҿ϶ΪԼŮƼҡ
˲ã˲ã·СҲǺġᣬѵ˵ġ
ǣǣ㿴ǷĶѿÿ춼Ǯˣ·
ԶԣҼǿӸϴ̿ÿҲкöǮԼϣûʱ䡣
Ҹм·ģҪ·ҲûôĽЩ׬ǮĶ˶ı仯·С۾գͷָЩûҪĻرԼҪסá
ЩҲˣôɽûǶ˵仰·ʹ˺࣬ڴ˭Ҫ仰ˡ
óȻЩ˵ģΪԼҵԽԽˣֻҪԺԼҵԽԽãҲǽ
һʹ쵽ʱŸˣһʿͭǮͳĶӻЩ˵ҪҪʽ
·ҹ¶ĸǵòܵ˵һŮοǼڶ·⣬뾡ƼҰưãϾլҲԺӣļҡ
·ҲӰţԼҲЩ˰æٳ֣С
ʱͷʦʼ裬߳þƺƣͷβ
ϣ˸ͷʦк㺰ϰ󼪴ˣĶӦ˶ϣΪΪ׻׻Ҫʱýڣͷʱӡϱһ챻棬µͷסʾ⴫ڽӴ
׵ģȺҷ׷ᣬơͷʾء˼Ұƣ빤ѡ꣬⡰ʱ꣬ԣǨ괣ν족֮գú첼죬Լҵݼϣⱻռˮ
ݣϡ֮ףƴ֮ϲ֮գ磬׺ѵŵأʱں죬ڣľԼѪ
ľȲʣѽ!
Ӧʣð!
𼦷˽У
ð!
𼦼ǵ
ð!

һһ𣬶߷ϡ
ľһߺȲʣһ߽ͭǮǹͯ績ȻַǳٶȰٿơ
ʽɣһٷԵô㣬ƼҴ
ӵ⣬Ǿ¥ʦģƽʱﶼûôõľϯһϯʣʲô˵ģ·ҵȷ̫ˡ
ʣ˺ܶĲˣԼҲԲôһǸһľȫˡ
·ڼһߵȷβһ߸ϴ˵µôǣԺӻҪߣͼҾߡ
·˰׻ˢǽ棬ȻûˮЩ׵ңǱֱשһЩҲܶࡣ
Ͷã¥Ĳ˵ʱһ͹ȥұҲҪȥģԴӶǿʼ·ǫǷǮ
ֻ¥ҪĻ࣬ԶǻĹԺƻˣǾˣ·Ҳһֱͯûгͣ·߾Ϳʼйˡ
һƼҵլΧˡ
վ·棬ò˵ʱ峤ĵλĺܸߣһ˼Ҷ
ү鷳һ£ǼҪʮŮйֻҪڿʵ˼ҾˣûеҲҪ´λлᡣ
·ȥרŵ㶹һؼĻԼš
úã˵һ㣬Ƽʳĵطǲɾ˾ͱˣȻϲÿ֪·ʳ֮ǰĶ·Ҳ˸Թ
˰ʱ䣬ȷ˵ʮ˵ϵˣֻҵϱѡ˽


31 ȥ½
ʱҴ·æµйȥˡ
ֵһ˵Ƿʮ죬·õԶھ͹±·ͺһ϶
ȻĶ֮ǰ۶óԣо˶ƤѬɣ͵ĸҲѾʼùˣĻֶ˼Ʒһзζպˡ
·ںɽתƣƻ֮ǰôæɽλõˣһ淽һ͵˹Ĳˡ
ҪϺɽȥʼˣɽµģ·ȲĿˣ·´ʯΣգںɽ˿
ӣ˵سǵľ¥װҲˣԶھֵţҲˣȥһˣ·ȥõ飬ԧͻϡƤѿЩȥ½ݷ½
½¥Ѿװ޺ˣǰһ½½һ¾¥ƲˣСӼҵױ֮ǰҲǾ̵ģûʺϹ¥ƹ½Сһѣɸ˰һ¥СʵûʲôĲɣ벻õľ¥ֻ֣½ˣܴ
úãҵҪ¥Ʋˡ
ϣʳĹȻ֮ǰʱḻܶ࣬·Ĳˣ½һҳԵô񫡣
뵱ҽϿھûгԹֻⶹѿھ󣬿гԹʵĳʳ
δҲû뵽¤ػܳԵζԺҪ׬ˡ
ֶҿʮƮ㣬ͽƮ¥ɡ
лл½
ֶҼҵļū½壬֮ǰһֱׯϰҹׯӣϵƮ¥㿴Σ
½Ҳǲ·¥͸·ģ˵㲻ǼҺҲǿԵģ·ǼҺͱʾʵǼҽύȻԼæ˹ԼȷӦ˰Źһ£͵ǮҲ̫ʡ
ԼƶôиʲôǼױŵģûʲô̫Ľһ׬ǮҲãҪԼļױҪͿˡ
ٺò½ԼдӣҵδޣɹɷҸƸ񡣡
ֶԼδİãʱ˿ҵʱ䣬˵һ
õģ½
·߳½ʱ½½дơ
½ƹԺˡ
½壺ҿˣԺֻܷԸ¡
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·üȻ½ŵˣƷ϶ûģԼسҲϤÿҵǰ׼½ƹȥһԼҲԿ½ƹΡ
½壺ҲҿⶼҸġ
·õģҼ򵥵˵һҵ뷨Ӻ͹ͼƮ¥ĹӶͼֽȻеƹƣ봩ͳһķװЩСƮ¥֣ͼֽһӣȥЩɡ
½壺õģҡ
·ҼƻʮԺҵƮ¥˲ҪرĴֻҪгʦУҪǶӺϴ˵ģȻһֲᣬҪѵÿһƣһһƹһѧҴһ¡
æȥˣòģ˵ϳׯ֪ͨңҵڶûȥ½
·Ʈ¥鶼½壬ȥԶھ֣ԶھҲûаţϽǣڳһվ
·ȥվôţðǣЩǮȻͷţ
ԶھˣһţϻȥɽµţѾ깤ˣ˶·һЩţĶǺƽĿĲ̫һ
·ӣţ򣿡
԰ӣרŴģţ򡣡
Ŷÿȫ𣿡
ԣҪسǿһ¥Ҫţ⡣
ôţҪιɣ
ǵģλӿ԰Ѽĸɵݻ߸ݵʱõţҳǮա
ǸãǼҵĺӶȥţݡ
Ǿ鷳λˡ
źţҺιţɱţˣ·ֿʼйˡҪйţ裬ϴëǺһЩӻ
ȫˣ·Ҳ˵ˣֻҪǸƼҶʮ꣬ʱ·취ȥǵūʮÿҲᷢǮǣʮ󻹿¤һ׷ӡ
Щ˱ū֮ⱲӶǲģڲǮ˺··仰ˡ
ʮת˲ţƮ¥ҵ׼ˣ·ȴӣĸһԲˣһţ͹ͼ֡
һ䣬һ䡣
Ŵͳһװϲ˵Ļƣ϶Ʈ¥ܵķ˶·Ŀ࿴ͦôµġ
·ó˽µѾƣɫ͸Ũ𣬻ζþơôõľƣ½һҪ޶һЩȥ


32 Ʈ¥ҵ
ֶⱭƾף¡Դ
ԣ½ⱭӦҾҪ͸¥ĵҲôͿ
ȥ˾ͲҪˣǿ˲ο޼ֻ֮ССıѡһ¥ɷݣĽ𼦡
ֶҿѾĺĿζ֪˶ٰ
ԼȾ˵ơϲȣҲ½˵~
½ΪƵʱѾˣɽҵѣԵõľƲ࣬Ѿ׼̳ʮѾˣߡ
ãããҪˣʱ͵Ǳ񡣡
̳½ԼȰɣģʱСָ½׼½ãȥǱû⡣
úãǾ鷳ֶˡ½˺þЦĿ
·˳䣬ȥ˸ڵİᣬһ·
ˣˣ¥϶سһڶ죬˰ԺսԼŮǮֳǼǵԼŮɵĺء
ϲͺãʲôҲҪ˿ҵ¾߱ˡ
ҿѾܺˣ϶ǽ궬سõӪˡ
Ҿͷˡ·ӣԱߣüûͦġ
ӣӣ·һӣӣˡһʱ䲻е·ԼҲԼӣӣ·ÿν;һ⡣
϶ˣ԰ɡӣ·Թη֪ڿ϶Ͷˡ
ллӣӣҡ~˭ˡ
·ӣ˵͵͵ЦСǲʲôҾǵллѽ
ĸСڸãҲֵøˡ
պƮ¥ҵ
дģ˽ҵģⲻǸеƮ¥Ŀɽ
ʼɵة˶ûдƮ¥Էǿ½ҵƣ½˻½ϷʳϾʹسǵĸùԱ̡
һ·Ʈ¥ŵһƮٿԵȻģ߻Ʈ
ۣúó԰ҴûгԹôóԵĲˡ
Ҳܺúȡ
ţ𣿾Ȼţ⡣
Ʈ¥ſڻСʳöӣöƤŶӣһţŵȣЩسǵ֮͡
һ¥±˵ڣҲϰգܶûǮȥƮ¥Ի±ζΪ±ζ̫ر𣬶涼һЩ࣬䣬βͣ㣻һЩ֪ʲôĶ
һҲ±ţ⣬ȻһЩزˣ۸ҲȽֻҪ΢ԣһļ˶ϼȥԺܶȻûгԹҲ±ζŶ
¥Ҳʱʱһ䡰С죬һ±󳦡СҲһ̡
һֱ֮ǰƮ¥Źţ·ӪգǶ˲˶˵ֶˣջϲ˵ġ
±⵵ڽĽˣ߽˴ﵽ˶ǧһ·Ŷţսˡ
쿪ҵ󼪣½ƹͻƸһˣʰöϢ컹ӲҪ򡣡
·ʢάּգϾ½ļӳ֣ǾƽһӦҲһǧˡ
ɱţҲͼĳɱǱˡ
ҦֱСһСլʱס棬뿪ҵʮҪ࿴һ㣬ʲôüʱһ죬ûæ顣
ֹ˼գƮ¥ˣ·ԤƵĲ࣬ǰ𱬣άǧ棬콥ƽȣһǧ£±ζĵڣһֱάİҡ
·ʱæĽŲմأͻȻе㲻ӦѾûмӣˣ֪Ǳô
ӣҲΪҪ¥ͻס
·ڽϵǸһЩ㣬֬һо˵Ŀ֬ɫʺӣͿϿ֬ӣ촽棬һϲģ
СǺ«ˣֵȥ
ȰѸˣܼҾʹȥӣԺӣĸҲֵСڶദһ£飬ԼŮ޹ȥԺҲùܶࡣ
ӣԺ⣬ӣСڵǧü䣬ǧ΢ķң浾绨ˮжñȷһͼ
Լ࣬ͻȻĻһ£ֹ·ƣͺ类ƽ


33 æµ
Ӵæ˾Ȼˡ
ѽӣӣСҸǴʲô
·Ͽó֪ΪʲôӣһԹ
ⲻæŸ׬Ǯ
УԼ׬Ǯʲô¡
ôˣȲ˵ֺ죬ǳԺҵӲȻأӻӡ
Լ˵ġ
ȻˣС屧㡣
ɡ
ͱɹһΣء
С·СԺܡ
ӣ·Ŀ֪֬㷻ϵĿ֬˵ģһмʮأġ
ˣôյÿˣҿһæתġ
½ƹȻǿոտҵʲô⣬һֱڵţڴӵ߿Ѿûʲôˣҽɲ
Ŷʲô½ƹӣ붬ˣҪʲô
ʱûʲô㣬˵ɡ
СľСɣԼ졣·СľѧͳԷӡ
ð ڶʲô棬Ҷ̫ס
򼸸߾ͺˣԼ棬ԼҲҪעϢҪˡ
ԼŮ̸ʲôۣҲûа취·ԼﻹǺۡ
ӣСһʱ䣬ش塣
ʱѾʼѩˣ·жû棬·Ѿĸˣʱ졣
û뵽ԼôӦʵûЩ߿ƼĶԼܶʱܳ⣬ǿˣҲˣɽҲġ
Լʺ϶˰ɣСԼһ˶ʱ࣬ڲñϢըһɸУദҲף󲿷ֶ˼ûô๴Ķǡ
ѾҪһӵĴ㣬֮֮
ʱæŽҵþöûȥˣý·ȥһˣ۶ĹҲƵĶȥϾͲˣпգҪȥɽһʱ䣬ƻһҲܱ֤ǵİȫˡ
ãһСӾӭ·磬ôûй
سǿһ¥еæȥ
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Сʮȥƻй
ŪһҴ㶹ֱˣˣҲ䣬ߺúѧϰˡ
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ôȥɽһˣǾô
ԵӣǶܿ̿࣬Ҫ˵Сӣ黭ֶԡ
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ãǽʰһ£ǰǶ¤Ǵ¤Ǳɽù
Сļڼһ˵չ˼졣
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·Цһһ䡰Ǿͺãȥɣһˡ
ǶԶ·˷ܵȻҪǮֱͦ˰˾òһˡ
˾͸Ͽݣô䣬涳Ÿӭ·
ͱˣϾͽ
ôƮ¥ҵõĺܣԺ͵ڼӰɡ
ҺõĺܣУǸĵģҿĵĺܣǮԼŰɣ˾͸ӣţҡ
ǲУԶùңʲôˣҵȻȥ
ò׻ЪŰɣ۵ģ˶ˡ
ôܣƮ¥ٶٳ⣬ôܻݣⲻТ
У߰ɣȥջǸŶȻǾûζã㿴Űɡ
õ׼⡣
˵
ĸŮһ죬һһ¾õĻ档
·ǫȥ˵һ£СӻˣȥϰĿҲϣǻȥȿ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬ƻʹһȺСˡ
·Ϻѥµľذף·ϴδɽȥسǵʱȥѾذףʵǲǸʲôܶûеذףŹһ˽ɽ
սɽûãͣһһڵģÿ˶һȻԼ
ǿһСЪһСΣ·ʲôûһȦľͷǶˣ·ȻǲһǴôࡣ


34 о
ߣ͵֮ǰһѵĵطм׵ĵ˫ܣ÷׮ǰһЩߡ
һ죬Ǵ׵ӣͶСȻѵǣҲȻ·ѹûԼܻش
ʮ죬طΪأѵƻһ渨ѵһ汣ǵĺڡ
Ҳƻÿѵ壬Ĳλ
ƻ֮ǰһֱӾһǿһԻҲܴϵͳѵʽ͹ӵ
·ǵȰǽ̻ˣԺֻҪóһѵƻƻǾѵͲÿζˡ
ʮԺ·̧ͷҰһЩҰζɽ̶ʮ죬һһȺ̥ǵı仯ֻҪһֱѵǶһʮ
·ȲҪæŻϣҰɱˣϹһ˷˼͵ǵԱʣµѬ㳦
ƼӣҲһԷˣϿһԺӵˣԹ·һǴرǿ黭ۣôõСôЩҪˡ
Ǻ·һǶһҲң·˾ͽϸ
ϻϲӦˣҪ·ЬӣһȺСжϡﻩģѹ·ôãԭǼôõҲܸŽˣҲ
ɲңҲҪ·Ьӡ·Ȥ
úúã˭Ҳġ
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·ǿɺˣڳԵñůܶϰ֣赶Ūǹǰ붼顣
Ͼͳά·ˣȻ·˭˵·Ĳǣ·õģҪ·磬ȺСؤͲ֪ȥˣСܰ졣
úúãԷɣѾȺÿˣȻ극ϴ裬Ϣ·ӰǴɽȥһĶҰˡ
лл
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İɣ·Ѿ˸Ҳˣǻȥ϶ѾˣԺҲá
·á
ǰ´зԣ·ĸҪ
ţϴǶ֪ģǻжġ
ŮǱҲһȺţʵ˲˯š
ڶһǾͻȥˣ·ǴһЩҰҰҰûȥԣ磬·öеʹû̫ע⣬һůӿȥ
ˣѾˣ˴裻Ȼȥԭ´ҳȻŻĿӷҪóȥϴǻΪˣȥϡ
һϿһݣĿȥ͵͵ϴˣ·û裬ͦܵġ
ԭʱҲ̫ˣҪûֶѰʲôȶ̫ˣѹǰĵ￴ŴŮӶǴŲŲģ
Ҫ취һУûֿƼ޻ֽûġ
иոտϴ·֮ǰûע⣬ڲſȻõǶԣ΢һ۶ϴɾ
ǵɽʱ˼ɵķ䳲ʱûз˻ź˺þãھͲˣժɷͿ˰
ѹֿС˵ôഩԽʿҪЩûЩĲϰߣ㲻Ϊ׬ǮΪԼԺ㣬ҲҪһ°·ΪԼҵˡ
ȴһ꣬·ȥɽժ˾ɷ䳲Ȱѷ䳲ϴɾС飬ˮ󣬵ȰѽʶԺ޲Ķ˳͵õˣʯʯͲľ̼Һͷ֬һ͵óһˡ
Ȼ򵥣ǹмǸ̼Һ·Ū˲ʮβŪЩʡ
Ҳεķɫеһҵģм붯֬Ҳ˺ü汾ЩӶ̫ˣЩ̫Ӳˣ·Ŷܵõȣʵķˡ
Ʈ¥һʷֺʱ·Ѿ˷ĳΣȲ˵·Ϲ˵˶ԣĲľҶ·һ飻ӲеģȥǿķϺһº


35 
˵ӻãڵӿҪӣһС顣
·ڻûд㿪ʼǶ죬ûа취ζȵʱͿժܶĻȡ¶ˣʱһ
̫ˣûкõĺóȥֻܵűˣֻԼá
½ƹͻƱһ·춼ЦˣڲΪȥɽ˲֥ԺֻҪڼҾա
֮ǰ·üģģҪˣҪȥˣȥľﶨ˼ģߣе񻨵ľУװһµ
·ȥȥϵ֬һۼӵ͸ӣˣԼҵõóһЩ
Ѭ㳦ɵҰҰãС̳ѾƣϷһЩҶҲͲˣǱ߶˼̳ƣ߻һЩƤëøŮΧʹ
·׼õȥ˾ȥҦԴسǣȥҰݷˡ͸żӵӣԺӡ
ӣӣ㿴Ҹʲôˣ·óľУصġ
ӣ򿪸ӡʲôһ۵ۺۺģ滹һһӣڱӱһ¡㣬һۣܳ²붾Ұɡ
㣬ӣӣ˵ɶأҸ˵ģر鷳òײŵ˼飬ԡõġӣˣԡܹ˵𣿿Լδϲƽϡ
˵ӣӣԼҲӵģû·ãҲ㡣
ɲӣӺãϴ֣ϴ趼СõǸһζģﻹһ滨ζģ㵭һЩĸǱҲ滨ζġ
ԼģôʲôᣬԺ㿪𣿡
һûдܶأʱԼãһַϴģҲˣȥǿ֣ҲῪѣζҲǵζ㵽ʱǵãҲϴֵġ
ãţҸһ·һºϲҾ͸һ¡
ӣڼû飬ÿ·͸·һ·δ򸾣·ǿԵģڼ·ʱóһ
ӣӣȻ·ãǰֻ·
ȥ԰ɣԱ᷿л費ġ
á··ϲϲȥˣһδ°ɫ··е㲻˼Ҳûоӣ֪òÿȳȥ㿴һ¡
ӣ·°ɫ·ӳ·ˣȻһÿøÿһ䡰İϹ˫
ǰҲûо·ôÿѵǶ첻ȥˣ˱ˣһڰٳҪ·ӣ϶˵
ÿӣӣ⻹ǳһ˸·أллӣӣá
ˣˣҿ棬ûҪĵĵط
Ҫˣܺô֪Ҵģ
۾ģô͵ǻˣȻʹŰɣȥ÷纮ˡ
·Ҳ᲻ѡҲ᲻ûء
Ҫȥ½񡣡
·ӣ·ϲϲľȥ½½һ·ͱһ¡
еɻοŸˣҲû룬Ͼ˵תսأ֮ʬҰѪɺӣκײӵĹġ
ôһֱѰңҪŵĻҲӦͱҵˣ¤뻴ǧ࣬κףôԶⳤƿֻɺϰɡ
½Լķϴ·ȥ۲֣һġ
ãһοôôĶô࣬ˡ
·֪ڶһи̶ӴѾƺȥ˾
·½Ʈ¥ȥߵҦֿھͿľ¥ſһ۾ݺݵĶסƮ¥ɫƣܾǸةС檵ĴˣûпҲʶ
˵ȷةĴ˸ǿԭǰѰζ¥Ϊةţ˵سõľ¥ǰƮ¥¥
Ҳ˵ζƮʮѰζ¥һǧɣ±ة֪˶ٻأѰζ¥õʱةһ仨Ƶģةǰ衣
ɺ޵Ҿ¥̫үΧͰһòȥ͵˼Ʈ¥ĵϣȴʲô
ةҲǣԼûµ²·ҪЦ·߹Ĺ¶Ҫһˡ


36 
·һ̤Ʈ¥½ƹͿˡ
ˡ
ţ½ƹʱˣ꽱㷭
ллҡ
ҸոտǸ¥ſһֱڿߣʱûɣ
½ƹ˳·۾һ۶棬ҷģСС֣ǰʱ˼ϣΪǿʲôѧʲôԺֻϼӿϣûи֪ңĻҶô˵Ǯߣһֶǡ
ţܽˣȻб͵ȥϣǾ͸ҪѰȫٴˣһǽ¶ɾͻˣװϵĿⷿϺ϶ֽţв֪˴ǵڶõϾܿ
Ҹȥš
·ǧǧշģҪ취
£һ¡
Ʈ¥ɵô
ү½ƹҺܶĶллүƮ¥ĸл·ʱ½ƹѧ˺ܶĶ飬֮ǰڴͲ˿ɺöˣҲһ˱ϲѧϰʵĶ
ţҪѧ࿴һ½ƹ˵ģȻ½ƹ񣬵㿴ôãԺ϶Ʈ¥~
ˣүġȻˣƮ¥˵һˣ˺ܶࡣ
·ȥլסһڶȥſһ߹·ǰк
磬þò
·ôң𣿡
ǰ磬֮ǰ˵Ҿ¥ҵ𣿲֪͸λֵܽп𣿡
ϲϲҳԹƮ¥±ˣһ࣬ûд湻ǮȥƮ¥һˣȻǰǾͲλֵܽпڸˡ
ÿⶼңƮ¥ҵæ꣬ұ˴һֱڴûسǣղֽСһȼúл
ˣҺ㿪Цģ㻹ˣİɣȻֵҾʹֵǹȥ
Сܾ͹͸λֵˡ
·ҲûţҪǽ쿴ةĴ˸磬ûҪһææææģʱ֮飬һҪúõлл硣
·ʱûʲôˣɴȥӣһ䣬ӣӣȥûкʵլӿģլӾûԼҲˡ
һͼӣһӴź÷Ƽӣ߽ŵһ󵭵һζƮС㰡Ͽ϶Լһζԡġ
ô죬ʲô䡣ֻ·Ż䣬ҪȻ˭ôĳȷ硣
ⲻһȥðһլӣԺҲҪסģȻҪһȥˣ˵س϶ϤⲻҪðһЩΣֲѡѡһ°ɣ϶ϲ
˵ʲôأ߰ɣȻǸĸΣҿ϶ҪȥˣȻĿ϶ÿ˱˵ͱˡ
ôᣬ֮ǰ͸㲻ͦϲ𣿡
ǲ˼˵ÿء
ܣЦĺܿġ
ˣ߰ɣȥУ߰ɡӣϲҲˡ
СүҪլӻӣӣһ˼ҽˣһ¾ͺˣҲ֪ΪʲôǰʱҲûоָо
լӣҦֵլ𣿡
үùףһ׾Ҧֺ棬һ׵Ҧ·Ҳһӡ
ǾȴȥרŴȥ·ǲ·
·ӣףڶףһҦֺ棬ȻƮ¥ҦֱϾǾ¥е㳳ڶȻҪ߼·ǻġ·ӣ⡣Ҫʮ濳۵ٰʮլӾͳ·ˡ
ʱ벮˰һ°ɣϲôģ˵
У֪ˣ̫ˣߣҴȥԸóԵġ
ðˡ
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Ƥڴ󣬵ȷζ
ǰɣСʱ;ԣǼҵһζûУʺһˡ
ǽλáԴϴ˵ҪӣӣԺӣǵһн㣬ǾнϾҲӣӣе֡
ԺǽҽɣҾ
ԭϲҽ㰡ðɣ㣬~
ֲû䡣Ƕе̣϶Ƕжˡ
극ӣִ·ȥӣѡһһȻ·ӣԼѡΡ


37 Բ
Ȼӣͻؼң·ȥƮ¥
½ƹ񣬸׼һᡣ
õĶҡ
һյʱ䣬·Ϳһˡæӭӡ
磬λֵܣӭӭ
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ǲ顣
һȺ˶¥İ䣬Ʋ˺ܿˡ
͵Ȼ鴫ʹ졣
͸λֵϲͶɩǶһҸƹ˵ˣֻҪۡ
Ǿллֵˡ
Ɑƶл統Сܡ
ⱭƶлλֵܽƮ¥硣
͵ܣͼˣгԵöⲻԵֵɵ𣿹
ã˵ˣλֵԱ㡣
ƹѲԽԽˣ·Ķʵ:磬ǰڶѰζ¥ةĴ˸硣
ӵĴ˸磬һС檵Ĵѡ
Ʈ¥Ѱζ¥Ĳ·~
ʵֵܲģةԽȥֻһС檵Ĵ磬ֻһЩǮֵة˵ҦԴôһسǣѵֻһѰζ¥ܳԷԣôԿɶǴԼ˼
һϯʤʮ飬лˣôһ˵Ҿͷˡ
~ģϰ߷ˣͷİɣƮ¥ʲô⣬ȻҵȲة⣬Ǹ˴仰ǲѵģһýѲߵֵܶ࿴һġ
Ǿлλֵˣվܹ롣
ǾͲ·ʵͦϲȺһԷģ̸ЦǰھӪʱ
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ӣһ£һϾһ۾ܿоǶͶѿٿʼ¥ṩģҲʱˡ
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ڶֺӣһô¥ϰƮ¥άֺùϵӣҲ·˵еسǳԷô࣬ҲסеˣԼ⣬Ҫ˺ȵǵľ¥Ҳܳá
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˶Ӽ۶˵ˣֻǿǺվ˵ˣôã㵱Ȼ˳ѵ㲻֪ԽãԽ𣿡
·ƣƣܶ㿴ⲻǸλͰ취ϲ˰ɡ
ȵӵĲ룬ϰеɵۣ֮ǰһֱԼֺţð¥òˣòˣէһɫû
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·ӣ٩٩̸һԺСȻŮ
λϰ峢ˣζҪӣھͿʼʡǺ¥ô꣬ûмʳġ
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·ʵҸոսƾ˼ˣһݺ飬λһͶѿ֮ǰֻ¥ԼƮ¥ǲҳʣһ𷢲ƲõģԸλľ¥ṩʳģֻҪԸҺһ͸λ⼸˵Ĳס


38 
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ȻԣУλ첻ǩ飬Ҳһȥʲôġ
ϰ
УŴҶƮ¥һ¥һ±ζڣǺ죬ҿԳɱ۹λϰ±ζλϰľ¥Ȼ¡ġ
һĿңǿ·˿ԣֵýѰζ¥ֻ¥Ʈ¥̫һ㣬±ζܲռʲôƣϰ˰Ȼ·±ζ۸ߵ㣬ǲͶɱͲϳɱ
൱ת־׬ǮǺƮ¥ֲһϣǺƮ¥ûֱӵͻ¶·ԼĵָǳԣʵǴ
Ǹ±ζǶȥҲ˸Ʈ¥ĲɰȥϣľûƮ¥ζ
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ǿͬ·һȺϰߵʱЦļ۵ġ
·ӣһѪس¥Ĺϵˣ˵ûԶѣֻԶ棻ֻҪ浽˾ͻʡȥܶ鷳
ҲʱĹꣻһͲԵǼҵľ¥̫ˡ
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Ǹ̫ˣ˵ϴЩˣǰϴ·϶ѿڣڶûˣ˶ûУ˵ԸǮ򡣡
ԼûУڻʱ춼Ҫãһʮģһ˻¾һ飬ôˣж󣿸Ҫ˵ˣ˻סɱ֮˵ر鷳Ѿûԭˡ
ã㿼ǵĶǶԵģôһ˵ﶼľսҪԺǼҲˣȲҪˡ
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𣿡
ʲô£ŵģҲǾתһתûʲô¡
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㿴ʱүԸɣˣүƲҸү׼һɡ
ԣǹ¶ĸĲͣ㱸һС
ʲôãЩиûаŵģȻԴӹʼԺЩ˲ǰ˵ʲôǾڱ˵
·ȥ񣬴˾Ƽˣ˾꣬Ƽҵĸѿķѿ
л𿻣ǰﶼҪˣǽĴ˾˿Ϊֹ÷纮ĶûС
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һ㳦һС⣻Ҳ࣬Ǵ˶ˣⶼ⣬˭ࡣ
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·ӣɲ˵ĺ°


39 ѧ
ԼСӾһţ֪ĺҪҪĴۡ
ԼСӣǰΪѧÿ춼Ҫ߼·ȥѧȥѧҲǳ⻹ЩīֽǮ
ڴһѧϵóٶˣԼĴдѧ
Ȼˣʱҹĳ̹ǵĺӶڴѧ飬緹ЩҶˣѧֻҪǮУڴǾͰշѾˡ
·뿪һСѧģֻ֪뽨һСѧѧãԺµĴѧԺ
ãã·Сӣ֪ǸõģһⶳҾô˿ʼѧá
ţүסĵطһ޺ã˾ͿסڴһһҪ󣬴ŮҲҪϰ֡
~ҵǿǵĸĸǲ·֪ڵĹﶼڼҵķһģܶͲŮڼҪϴһҵ·չСĵܵܡ
үȰҸ˵֮ǰ˵ЩټŮͨѧϰ˹أʱȽҵĹүҲˣڻǿŵģԺҪ
ãеˣҹܲţҼҵŮҿ϶ȥѧá
ţүѧþҪˣѧ÷ֳߣһŮѧһѧŮҲǺ͸ո˵һʱҲڼңȥǫһԸġ
ãá
·ȻһŮĴԽʱҪΪʱŮʲôû̫ܰһһŮѧķӲҰ
ʱҲ黭ϣҪˣǶӻشһꡣ
ص·ͷԸǫȰһ͵Ʈ¥½ƹдŹƵĽ𣬻У¥¶ʮϢ³ٿš
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һȺ˿ɸˣһ·ţϻƮСѩûа취飬Сĸ˵㵸ģΪϴû˵жöãҪˡ
˴ʹƼˣһС·ȲţˣƼſھͿſ·ǫԸҪЩӻ꣬ʱͳſڵˡ
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·һߡ˾ˡ
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··磬׼ȥɽˡСʮһõĺܡ
ҲѺѰǳʳȥٴ
·İɣƻҲȥ
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·緹һֱ·תƣˣ¾˵ɣתһͷתˡ
·磬һ˵ȥͶһȥͶ᲻սϣǶǴСģ֪սжпᣬɶ˰׹ǡ
ͶͦõģҲھȥ·˾ж뵱Ǻ£ڻõʱ
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֮ǰҲ˵Ҿ֧飬Ǻһģϲ赸ŪǹҲ֧ȥϲ⣬ϲ׬ǮҲ֧֡
ÿ˶вһ·Ҫߣ֪ĵܵãҲǵĵ֪ҲͬǣȰҪзһ̫СˣȥͶҲǻͷڶǵֻУսҲֻķݣ㿴һ˲ʶ֣ʶ鶼㽨ҵˣҲ㵱£Ͷˡ˵ȵʮ֮꣬ǰѧգϰ֣һЩǿʮǻȥͶ͸ʰҡ


40 
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ţͻСʱżδ顣
뵽·дһͶʱȥӣ
鷳һûʹһţԸѧģУŮҵãŴ̫УʵҲʱ黭ѧ߽̣ȥǴ塣
ʮ٣ʮɨӣʮĥʮȥ⣬ʮɱʮ滨ʮȥƣۿ͵˴ҹ졣⼸ƼҿֻˣȥɽСȥһ飬·̫ϲˣҺͺֵģһҲį
˴ʮһ˴Ϳʼ⡣
꣬ôֵ꣬һ꣬ˣÿʮˣԢʮȫʮҶǴ̴̵ģ·³ġ
ǻǵһγԵ·ķˣóԵζһȺӳԵͷ̧̻ʣϿοҲһ뷹
꣬һȺʼ˷ܵúܣûʱ˯һƬ·ϺͶص
˴һһ磬һǾʹ·ŶӵĸϿͷҲһһǮһʮǮԼġ
һȺСֵü۵ģǵһյĺмļۿˡ
ǰǶ涳ɪɪ껹ҪȥϿܲ˼ʣķˣھȻѹǮãСǵһгǺ
˳壬ˣ·Ѷǽеһ˵˴ѧ飬ʱڴʱʹһѧ
ڼչǣ·Ҳõģ·ҪسǺ¤֮䣬ͣʱչ˲ǣ˶ܼҪʽѧˡ
ǲԸһֱƼҵլסѧѾܺˣ̫鷳·Ҽеסһ㣬ƻһᵽ·֮ǰ͹һ޵ķ棬ŮӻƼϡ
ǰٺã·ǫȥϸ˵һ£ȥԣ԰ѳĸ͵¤顣
·ȥ¤أҲϢˣҪʼչʳͼ
¤һһѾˣϿ꣬±ζ껹ǿԵģسΪسɢֻҪȫس±ζͻС
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½ƹҿԷĴ඼еģƮ¥ôӣǵȲͻȥҳԣԺŮԻ̫鷳ҪмѵһôʱƮ¥ṩͷô
ҸЩСԻҪǰԤ䣬ûǱһֱȣÿ춼һЩѾСǰźŻѯʣṩźͷլСǾпڸˡ
ãȻû⣬Ǿְɣ֮źͷҪʼ
õĶҡ
ȥ½г±ζĵڵȥϿһСڣȥ죬ʱ仹ߡ
¹·ͷԸȥҦԴ±ζڣǵطǶϤһЩ¿ԸõĿʼ
һοֵ꣬·ȫ漸ͿԼȥˣմˣͻʱͰðɣصҪƮ¥ĵѡֻһЩԱĿȱˡ
½ƹȥϵˣҪ׼ãƮ¥ѧϰôأô䣬ôرǷʶһҪܵһΪȥϾͺ
׶ңԱһйѵġ
ţ⼸Ұ³е࣬ˣٰѧͽʱﲻҪ¿Խȥ
ллҡ
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ӣ·ˣͺƹĽˣˣ̫ˣ㵹ãڼè
㣬ⲻ߶㿴ʲô龡ܷԸңˡ
ʲô£ǸլӣѾŪĲˣʲôʱȥȱȱʲôȱʲôͿ԰ᵽסˡ
Ҿڼҹһ꣬ʲôŪˡ
컬ģȱˣæٺһȥ
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ӣææµµӰǲԾ
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41 
˵öԣҾģϵǮ˾ôһЩȥ˵꣬Ҳɹۣ±ζһ±ζߵƽ·ߣֻҪ΢һϰգһǵ±ζ
ţƮ¥±ζھܿˣǰĶС̻ϰա
ţƮ¥¤سǿģǾ¤ضةسǸˣʱûӦЩ鷳׼
֪ЩͺãһжҪ
㲻֪һԭԭ϶㣬ֻܹһƮ¥ҴԼҪһֱʵ̫ˡ
ֻûֹЩطֳ𣿡
ģһһ£ܳѿڴ֣껹ҪԼѣƮ¥ҴˣԭЩбˣǲо⡣
㿼ǵǶԵģȥɣƮ¥ҿҾЩ˵ģһȥ½ġ
ڵ½ƹܽҴƮ±ζȥϿҸ˵Щ鶼㣬ҵҦԴĵһҿãģʽٻȥæùˡ
ãһҲ̫飬дΣҪˡ·òСӧˣԼ⿪¥ĹŴŮӣһҲ򵥡
ҵȻ֪ˣЩؼ黹ҪԼֻ֪ô·ҲСˣԼҲŮģС˲Ǻܷ㡣ԾںæҲֻԼһȥ
аɣ֮ǰ˵ôҷӣѾҺˣǸţ֮ǰسǵ˽ӵӣسǳѧѧϿδһϵӣȻܵżʹǼѧˣҲһɽˮĵطˣĶŮѾɼңֻޡ
Ů~Ϳòá
ʲô𣿡
ҲǣطǰǴ¥ģѾʮˣҵģ黭ͨڸǶſΪ㵹ίκˣҲһμѻŮӶǹڷգֻԼϡ
ûⰡôһ˵ʶطˣһô绪ŮӰڣΪŮӿģ
Ǿͺáӣرطˣر·һط˵ĳʣȻ·ǲһġ
طһѾߺһġ
ˣȴѧ޺ã֪ͨλΰɡ
˵ž͵լ·̧ͷͿѾҺƸˡ
߰ɣȥ
Ժ֮ǰҰ߲ã·ˣֻǼ򵥵һ£ˢˢᣬ¶ļҾߣ·Ҫ˿
ˣѾܺˣҿûʲôҪݵˣȥһЩޱͿסˡ
סԣǻҪѲĸӹ˾İһҾƣⲻС£ʱ½һϾس氲ңϤҪһ롣
˵ǣӦҪ֪ͨһġ
ǸȥһЩǱûˡ
ãϲʲôζҵȻȥۡ
У滨㵭ţһЩ
֪ˣȴɽҰʱٶζá
~ӧЦŻش
·ؼԺһӣ͵سǣ½ǱӦҲҪˣվһЩȥ½ϣȻæҦԴƮ±ζ
ȻƮ±ζҦԴ򿪵ĺ˳ÿսȻûسô࣬Ҳάһʮҡ
·⣬˰£·ϻѩʼڻʱ·ʼ֮ǰ硣ŶһһرǶԺˣֻϹָӵˡ
֮ǰֵĲѾˣ·϶֮ǰͰǸһѡһСĵط磬ڵ¶Ȼʺ緢ѿҲûϣ·ɡͩͲ
ѡһ鳤߿ߵĵطɵûд飬ʪ͸˼СʱѾȵ紲ϣ̫ܣȻϸһɸɸһ㱡סѣһˮٲһһ򵥵״Ҳ̫ߣʮ֣ˡ
ͩͲͱһĵݾˡǸ籣ůģȽ鷳ľͩͲر͸⣬ҪÿϰѵÿͩͲɹɹ̫ҪȻҲǻɫģҺܿ
·ÿһϸϸ⣬Ҳñʼôġ죬紲һСðӽ쿪ʼÿ춼Ҫˮ紲ʪ󣬸ͱ¡
һߵȴ磬·ִŶŪлϣлʵ˺ڵķ㣬ҪЩɸõķϻҪһ͵Ĺ̡
·ΰҲţΪԼҵĵҲ֣ϲԸãҲ


42 
үң϶СǱȽ·Ͼһſڿӵˣ˵˴ңȺ·һŪ
·ȽһһӣϻשǼé޺ţЩȫռϼղĲľңɽϵĸҶЩŽʣȵһԺǸлˡ
·еŵȥʹҪԸľԼŪһԭҲǼҼҾеġ
û뵽˶·ҼҶһŽʵĳӣͿ·һڵﵷģܷôǮȥ׬ڵﵷģ˵سǵҪ
ò˵ӹϰնдǻ۵ˡ
Ҳ·ѧ˺öѧ֪ʶԭһӴӷѿҪôĲ裬ԭķϣַϲһ̶Ԥ溦·綮ࡣ
ȵһ糤幫ҵʱҲˣͿԽĤˡ
·
үһҪĵˣҲ߲˵һ֣ʱ򳤳ͿԳˣջʱҲ£᲻ϵĿ죬ǰ»һĶĲǧֻҪһֻȡǮֳԺʮһɹԺʮһǵһֵԼҳֻܹңڶڼ۸һȹҾˡ
·Сӣ˵Ŀģôߵļ۸գ
ԣү˵ҴӺʮһǴӺԶĵط˹ģǴԼ֣ҳֲֽļҾøʮĺܺˡ
һ£ĶǧȫʮһĶضǶʮ棬Ҫ˵ʮһˣճɼ۸ȣ·С˵ǮԺԲˡ
ʮ̫ˣǸǵ۸ôˣֽô֣ǻʮһⲻǴǴ˵𣿡
үҾ˼ǵģʱǴȥһиչļ۾Բҵļ۸ͣôеģչ۲Ĳ̫࣬Ҷǵҵĺã۲̫Ļ˻͵͵ˣ塣
Ǹң~·Сӣүˣû˼ȫ˵öԣƲİУͰ˵ģȥʹ̸ôߵļ۸Ǹʲô˼ҵʱ¤塣
ãү̣ǻҪǩһ飬Ƕǩ֣ҲһϣԸ˵ֻҪŻϣĵҲ
ģưƣ¤ĻĵҪˡ
УүڶˣҪʼѧˣҶҺˡ
ԼĺӶģһֱ飬һֱæûиʣððһ뵽¤кܶˣֹסĸ˰
үæˣôأҲҲ˵Ҳھȥǫ̫ˣСֱ˵ҾС
úã֪ˣҪϿ鰲ȥˣ¤Ҫ
үһȥöǰѴѧͼֽ͹ǰͼֽ޽ҪзӺŮҪֿһסŮԺǽҪһ㡣û취ڹŴŮбܶ鷳
ãģȥɣҲҪȥߴЩϢ
ȥ·һֱ˼·¤һĿжôܸɵĺ󱲣Ҫһֱ¤Ҳûˣ˰ɣͦõģоԼܸɺöꡣ
·صöһǸʱдһƪĵãʮǻдʲô£Ҳ˵Ǿʱѧдøǵҵ
ҸǵڶεͲˣöȥ
Ȼ·Ҳһͷ鷿óֽʿʼѧͼֽҪѧͼֽڵĿЩΣǰѧдֵʱɳ̾Уһɳģߣôľ÷Ͼһˡ
ڶǼ磬·ִƻͼĳʼĵˣͺҲҪùˮˮĹҪ䲻ˮԷõغҪ¢
·Ѽ֮ǰĶغͻĵضѳصʱ򣬵һѾԶֲˣΪûϱĤ·ǵ΢һſʼֲ
ʱѾ֪ҪϢˣ·һһ·ΪʲôҪѵطΪʲôҪ磬ֱӰȥ
Ƕʵ·ֲ֪ϾȻͶ벻࣬ǮͻĵصǮҲǴＷģ·һһ
ǵҲֵ֣Ļȫʱ˫ˡ·ԼûֹȣԴҲû棬ôܣǶ˵Ȼûг죬ǰ𣬶·ڿЦ
·ҵһȫڵˣ˶


43 
ʮ죬˿Ȼ죬ӣСлϷӣطֱ¤
³һ磬ǾͿˣƼȥӣǵƼңֻϺͼСĺڼ˶ڵȥ·ߵ·Ϳʼүүٷ˴ŷˡ
·ϲĸæӵǿߣɵӡ
·СӣȵңˣӦȥں溰
·ؼҵʱ򣬾ͿԼǰԺϺӣڸһ˵ԱվһŮԣ˴ԼӰʵţЩ롣
·϶ǸĻˣȻ鴫һʫԻŮӣϺֹͣˣԵ̴档
·лϷӷ򸾣ط裬Ѿӣ·ӣеᣬ۾ֱˣ~Լһμطӵʱʧ̬͸Ͽˡ
лӣطӣ¤ҵδ·͵͵һ·
λӰãʧˣδԶӭ·Ҳһʱʧֻ̬Ƕͣûκε
λԸ¤壬ʵ¤庢ͯǵĸлλӡҲŴлŮҲ̫ˡ
ƹӿˣոһ;¤ǱѰһ·ׯδʼ¤ȻϷȻûо¤Ǹ˽ܵĵطлϷ˵ˡ
л˵ĶԣСŮ֮ǰӣ˵һѧҪŮѧӣΪ棬Щ嶼飬һׯ뷨ոսϸϸ۲죬Ȼ¤Һܴľϲз
ʵ治ǿ֮ǰһЩϯֻǽһЩСŮ䣬黭ЩԼŮҪѾÿ콲һЩʲô
뾭ѵˣϲŮϵЩʲӹأԵӵıǿǮķͲˡ
һѧҪŮѧһᣬһ뾭ѵһʲôͽʲôĻᣬǲʲôʲӵŮ䡣
λӴһ֪λӲظ֮ˡ
·µľһظһصˣȻŽӴܿлȻʹˣܳ˽ˣԸһһ͵ˡ
طӸǣȲ˵ˣͿѾߣλһֵˣѹôطܾܾô฻̹ӻȻ
Ȼ֪ѧûнãλӶȲҪûʲôĵطֻҪһþܿѧˡӣ˵
λǴ壬ĺллλӡƧǵûйءλԺһľͷŵˡ
÷ү鷳лӽһǴ극ȻλȥһѧúǵסҪ޸ĵĵط
ãá
·ߵӣᳶһӣ°ڣ˵
·Լ°ڵ֣ӣ֪ΪΣһеģոյĴҲȥˡ
迴·СȤʵȤ֮ǰһֱʲôһӣǮѧȻҪŮѧ΢бһӣҪȻŮӣҪʹ඼ǵòȻαӡ
һ·ӣദģʽͺڴ¤Ժ϶Ȥ
극·ʹλȥѧãʵѧûѾˣľŴЩΪҪ
л˰뱲ӵķӣĿ̰ӡѧþҪСӼţԵö̿ࡣ
뿴ĸ͸ߵǣСֱܴۣǾܸõİ˼ڷӽڵϣסȻмλǿԷе鱾ϣдīγҲ´ʪ鱾
лէһûͦеϸ벻аⲻаԺǿƿﶼģǿƿʱͻΪ˲ģûа취רעڿ⡣
·û뵽ȷΪڴĺӴ඼ֻҪɣܻвʲôƿѧأܳϡ
ҴԺרŽһӵĵطȥԵѧǽģ⿼ԣǶϤġ
лô˵Ҳе˵ʵڵģϺȣҲһֱڿΣΣԺڿҲܶࡣ·мƻС
·͵͵һ¶䲻ڵĺӣԱ֣ұ֤·û뵽⡣
ܶʱ·ʱˣʱʱðһЩûĴʣһЩϡŹֵ뷨УܶĹҲ˽⣬Ҳֻǲˡ


44 ѧ
Ǻķġʡ
ط뿴ⰼݵĵطϺӱߵɳӣͿľɳ֣ⲻǺöຢӴûϹѧһֱӸñīֽдǲöĻ֮ףһҲд˼ʱѧһЩʱٻǱīֽ⡣
ƹ˼ǰһȷˡý֮ǰÿһ춼˼Ϊ¤û
طˣǵС
ѧãӶ·˼۷ѾڴϿεʱˡ
ѧúλӵסСԺӣԺǽͦߵģӶ⡣
лӵޱʾǿֱסˣ⼸úлһԺʰֵ˴ʱ䣬Ҳǣ˵ҪԺֻ
λӶɸˣ¤ԽԽõġ
ӣСҲ¤ס˼죬ס·ңסڹǱߵᡣ·ʵ̫࣬ί㼸ˡ
·⼸ÿʱÿ̶ߣľССľѧͳԷСӣС̫ϲ·ˣҲ棬кöСѣһѽѽġ
ߵ챧·֣СԣȺȥȥ档
ߣСߣСҪ棬壬Ƕ˵ҪҵˣǲҵҾͿһֱˣ
С˵ӣԱ߽ӻ⺢Դ˵ˣԽԽˡ
˴ǺʹСһ֪˸С˵Ե޼ޡ
С˵Ҳû˵Ҹ˵С˵ûҪԺܽҵŶ
ʲôʱף첻𣿡ԭسˡ
ŶС˵Ǻܸӵģĸ֮ý֮ԣͳŶ
Сǿſ޵һһҪոհ˵ˡ
ӣšով͸ֱӱߵģҪͣںˡ
·һ۾óϿϳߡСƮų壬һ˶Ŀ޺ˡ
·Ҳһ±ƣҲִʱżЩר˵ƭСҪСӽ
~ˣǼɣһСӣޣеˡ
ʼֵʱ·һȺںɽæµˣý˶࣬ҪȻ治ڴֵʱ岮ȥɽﱳ١
ǰȥɽϿѵĵһȻ¢ͿֱӼС֦Ѿĵطвˣ֮ѡɽͷϰ벿ѾΪʼѵʱճ㣬Ƿ־ͻ㡣
˺ڹˮʱԺ̫ҪеˮݣʮҪһι
ʮֵʱҪ֦ѾĵطժģȻٳʮҵʱҪѴӣ֧ϣбҪĻҪһĲһ¡
ȽԺֽһ۷Եʵ
Ȼ·ֻܿһһĽ̫࣬ˣɽҸˮԴλãһСˮˮͻһ㣬Сˮʡܶˣǲ֪ľܲˡ
һѧÿʼˣһлԺÿаʱںлѧϰˡ
黭ҲǸطӿʼѧϰҲλԺѧͯ飬·
·ΪСжʶǴͷǰװŵģкɫŮͳһɫȹ
·ˣŮѧвʲôˣ黭ǼƼҹϹ˼ңбͺԺŵջ굽ʮŮӶˡ
ʮˣк߸ˣڴģ϶ǣյʮˡ
лϷ˺ҵĶϱյһ𣬸˾ʮ緹·Ҳһһӵ
طӵѾ֮ǰ·дһΣ·ŮѧߵӣѧǱ߻
ѧֳɰͯ࣬Ůѧû취ֻһЩȶһ࣬Ϊطӻʶֿʼѧ黭⼸հ࣬Ǿǿʼѧѧʵ񣬣Ůѧʶֶǰı¡
һжȻĽţڶ쵱һȺһȺСౣɫѧͳһӢѧȥʱ򣬴Ĵ˶һĨᣬû뵽һ컹ܳΪ֮ңл·
·ںľоˮʱӣʹ·ȥһˣ·Ҳҵ󣬰Ѽ齻һڶһȥسǡ


45 ϫh
¥ƹֱӰ·е¥ſڣſʱһģվţ·һɻ
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£
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ˣͽɡ
Ĺӣҵδ·ˣл֡
ϫhϸĹ۲·ԭĳʵ㲻öڣ·Ժ󣬼·ʣǮԺ·ͷҲðˡ
ʱˣҲûоˣƤͱˣϫh·Ҳһѹˡ
·īhĹӡ
ִһȻ
ãĹӡ·ǰĹӣüĿģҲһ˲ţЩ֬뵽ոӣЦĻ֦ҲӣеµĻţһɴ⡣
ӣ·ˣҲûж룻ϫh·ıеЦ·ͦԼδ޵ġ
ƹӣҹʱھǺȵѾƣɫ籦ʯԱڣ֮,𥣻ڴ񣬻ζƳ˵оƷ
Ĺˡ·ܲµõӦ½͵˵ӦҲһˣܺȵľơ
ƹӣʵ⣬ּʵϸ塢,ĭḻ,ζ,úʹ˸еʮˬ˼룬ұģĹһֱԼ·е㲻˼ˡ
ǵСֹˡ
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ϫhǷѲ飬ùʱ¤кöȻ¤̽һ
֣ЩСʵϲʳżȻ˿ޣҲǣռĸϴѣֶˮݺˣջϴԲſʼоġ
Ȼ˵е٣ʵҲӵġ
ǫˣǺТ֮˰ļ֮࣬ĸݸ˸ʤδ֮˼ЩֻСŵģǾĺ¡
·ӣʹɫӣϵĹӣɱˣ㿴˼ˡ
ѽ˼ֻ֣¤ؼ˶涫ּЩˣʵһʱ֮ˣֲҪ⣬ҾԷθ
ҪȻǱ߳Աİɣ·ߣȥˣĹԵƬ̡ӣ·ߡ
㣬ΪζЦ˿ģǾĹӣҲֺðɣӣէһеǰʲôˣϸһ룬ĪǳԴˣͦĵġ
㣬ڻûгףҵʱҲ˵ˣֻҪ֮Ǳɺ룬㻹Ҫ۾ɱǰļɱΣ㿴Ĺ컬ģҲʶ죬㿴ͣп϶Ѿ檳Ⱥˡ
ӣ֪·Ҳǻڱ˱˵ˣøۣոջΪˣ
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·Ӧޣⲻʲô׹ݰɣܶˣŲԡãţ١
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㣬Ҷ˼ˣһúдģﻰⶼ˵ڻûء
ʵ˵УûϵģҺĹѾʶˣΪ˺̸£ôСˣ㲻Ҫ˵ʲô˵ĻС
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ԣĹԭϫhǵ۵ĴŮʳž֪۶谮Ůˡ
ӣԼ¥꣬ʶܶˣ쵽Ʈ¥½ƹ˵ҪҶңȥ˰ᡣ˰棬һۿīhע⵽ĶԼ˵ģϺѲ뵽ңӴĹе֪īh
Ѳʳ룬ȻϫhΪ֮ҲûԼݣװΪ˷߶ѡ
ϫh·˵ĶԻͺԱߵС˵ƣ˵ǲǺȤ˵Ϊʲôⲻ˵ŮӵݣΪʲôҪٳأ
ҪƤˣƹӺûпϡƵĻһ˿磬ϫhûз֡
·ǲɶ˲ţҵðһѰ
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ʵ·ոսʱǱӣЦˣν˺ִܶࣻǲѧǿʶˣԺīhĵĺܿģϵرԽԽͶ


46 Ҿ
ϫh룬ѹ·ܷôЩϢĶȻֻССɽﳤģЩʶҲһеģɲСɽѧġ
˵ҲãΪҲãر𣬶ֶ˼ֺ档
ϫhҪȥ¤忴·ЩʹѧȤ·ĵúܿģΪϫhϣԺѻ꿪ģҲ·Ŀꡣ
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֣ʵڱǸмţûа취ȥ¤ˡ
ûϵĹӣԺеǻ᣻¤ʱӭ㡣
·֪īhǻˣĵͶ͸īhһЩ±ζ·ϳԣƮ¥ĻϺѾƣӣǰ֮ǰ·װ˸īh
лֺҵļ壬ʲôʵĶ嵽شãʱȻ˴ңʲôҲϵҡ
һһȽ¾Ƴ֮ʱһ͹ȥ
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ϫhʵûа취³۱Ѳ飬΢˽ãڲ֪ΪͻȻگؾòлؾ
ͱϫh·ӣһϾǻʼҵˣǶ˵һ仰ͱͷˡ·һϫhµ壬屳Ű֡
Ӧǻ̰׼ҵѹȥشá
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һΪạ̊́һ׼ǰ̫ҽԺԺףͶ֮󣬰׼ҴǮҩݸ֧ŵ£ԼȥӵҽĳԺ׼ĵõʥϵΡ
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аԼŰˣʱ¥Ĵס
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صҺ˵Ժ·ȥ
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½룬лл½硣
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ҵȲμˡ˵˾Ҫ
λؿնģ˰ɡ
ֶҽһλϰ塣¥ĶҶˣƽˣھȻܺһԷ
½һǫʹˡ
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֪·ô飬ֱǸŮѧҪǱѧЩظ֪֮ˣǻ·ȥ鷳


47 ɽ
½ˣ㲻֪ĺܱж㣬ŮĶ޵Ǵ
Ǻ°֮ǰ·ô棬ûкúõĺһġȽչҪȥ¤忴һ
ӭ½¤壬С
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춼ȥķĸѰˣ֪½˸ҲһЩѾƺ
ŸϿùְ͵óһ֪Ǻöˡ
Ǹ۴ɽһЩͲűһүҲҪάڵĹϵһ;ٰһϯ
ԳҲڳϵһμѾƵģһĳӵȻûгϢֻ֪ͨǳŮ
Ʒ֪ȥɸҼҴ˳ˣѾƣҸȻдŸָΪ֮ǵĸǰҲƲҵģڶдңٸЩȥ
ܵõүͺ˵·ĸӣʱ䶼æûʱ½˷ģæϯҾ
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˻
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͵ܣ˵ǸѧŮѧ֪ѧ涼ûŮѧ˵ǸӢѧñòףҳûлؼңֱȥţҲµĲĻ˿϶Ӣѧò˰ѧ飬
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Сס
·һƮ¥½ƹȥ¤ĸ˵һ׼һũҲˡ


48 ɽ
Ȼ·ڱؾ֮·ϵȴ󲿶ӣ½Ĵ󲿶ӸոսةʹϵһڹҴҸ֪ǰʧԶӭ
ةض񣬽Ҫȥ¤ߣûʲô¡
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½һ룬Ҳǣ¤ҦԴׯӦةȥԺ·ҲһЩةһɣ˻ȥֵ
Ҫʱˣһ˴ҴҸ·¤ȥ
˴ڣǶôôǲǴʲôˡ·Ҳһַļ֣Ӧûл¡
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үˣȴȥҼ÷үһҼһˡ˶ӣ·Ҳöԡ
úá
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½ˣⶼҵĵܵã䶼ĸ
λԱһЩũҲˣشǶˣ극ȥѧá
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ŮѧߴľȻǡ~~
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ƼСӣڱʲô
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ŶԸꣿ
Եȡ·ȥѶгö
ϣܶ
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ѧûЩʲô
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ʱ
ԣʱԺһϣľƣҽȡ
·ôģԸ
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û뵽ССɽһȻⷬ߸֪ȴʱһЩ飬ǰȻ˵ƷΩжߣͨ˼жܹˡ
˵·С˵ĶԣһôİգôҵһطЩı죬񲻱ǰ˸塣
С˹Ŀ࿴ɽҵˡ


49 ѧñѧԺ
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ӭϼ¤Ӣѧá
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ԣÿԺСѽһ°ѧľ顣
·뵱˦ƹģոΪˡ
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ںˣǻкܶĽֻҪϹͨðѧǿԼ˦ƹġ
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ةʵڱǸҿǲˣǱûĵģϾǴѧŸոտ죬ţһʹʵûʱ֪ͨүүҲǸոǵ֪ġ
ðɣҲ龪һ·ҦԴǵĸҪʲôɶҪ˵ңʲôҲ֪һةҲҵˣ˭֪ôͻȻͺϹϵˣ˶̬ˣҲҪó̬ȡ
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ңǾͺǾͺãѹɽɷǣúãǾȻܵһ̽ɽ̽ǵڼţ
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ððҾȻܸϽˣллǣллӢѧá
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طģȻԸѧԺɽ˵ϿڵģʽģԺ⣬ֻǽѧĥϣдģĳطڽ̵ĺܺãӢѧԺĴڡ
һ·˵ͷˣѧֹֻҪظ֮ˣԸӱ˵һ壬϶ǳġ
λǴѧõĹģ֪λӿкõĽ飿
⣿ոտʼҪ𣿡
λ֪سǣкܶ˶ǰ˴ѧ¤壬زþҪѧԺɽ飬ѧѾˣһǻдѧӵܻкܶͯţѧԺͷסĵطҪһѴһЩѧȽԶѧסѧᡣ
үһ´ˣвԸסѧѧӣܻס񷿣һĴé޵ķӣʱ϶ȥǲżһʱأȰѧԺ޺ãũеʱ޽С
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·ؼָ˵һ飬̫ˣɤӽ춼˵ˣϴϴ˯ɣϴʱ룬Ҫһһһжõķչ


50 
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֪ϴǸĹӶûȤīh뵽õĺ飬ǲ֪ЩǮˡ
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ѾǶ·ˣ÷軨ЩӦѾˣСˣȥЩµʻ
·ͿʼоôȡͣһԽĶˣһͰʽĹһʵķˮĸӣһεƤһӣ԰ľռ
ھǸλˮҪһֱͨҪȻһֱá
·һһ飬˰µʱȡʻ¶;ͣ뵽棬ȻЧãȻͨҲһ½ȥ
سǰ͸½ˣ·ȥӣһʱûмС㣬е
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㣬Щ֬֬УԸ֤ġ
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ȵʽװˮ죬·ɽ˵ãӢѧԺĺһ͵ʵΡ
һҶľ⣬ľһһʲ֪·ˮһİ̧̧ȫᵽɽ档


51 İ
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·ģֱ˵ˡ
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СѲ˼룬ߴѵõģ֪֮ǰ˵ӢѧԺδҲ뿴ģڲûмյˣǴҶɨ䣬ضСѰǵǰ·Ϊ۰
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С˵仰Ȼ򵥣ǵǾһ߰ɡ
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үҺڴҪҵĹҪѲߣͲ˵ˣҲȫҪչģǮӦġ
У·Сӣү
ǺãүճʱүԸѧĶ
ȥ֪ͨ˵ѧúõܽѲ߶ӡ
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ҪȥسǿܴܲʲôҲӦԵİ취·Ҷൢǣȥسǡ
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52 Ҫ
ǻشùģ֮ǰ·öš
ƣ˵ˣ˵ҪսһһεİҴҶ֪˶ٴˣȻˣҿ
ϫhһ߿һ߹촽ƣż͹Ķأùҿ
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һĿʮУܿͿˡҲʶһĶˡ
ֹ㿴ڳֵĶһĺöء
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ȻҪһˣ͹޷һƽ⼸ҵ͸ʣĸ̫һݰɣ˵ϴѾƵǸ·ģʾǲҪˡ
Ƕ·ûˣССһգֻҪڻǰ֣һ붯ҲҪһˡ
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ӣҲãһʱ֮벻˭
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½ﻰϢѾǸҺܴİˣСڴл½ˡ
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ոһ˲·ҲɴһݰǸεͨߣһÿ߰ûεҲǮ֣
ԻҪԼĵλ·ȥɽȥûʲôǲͨƾپٵġ
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СҪ֪˵ĵطжٳǶصĵطԱ֮ΪȨĺ࣬Բǵ˾ͿԸǰ
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ȻҪسĻֱ׷ӺЩ𣿡
ԵģϴҪˮͼֽǸȥʦ֣ǸˮһЩĶ
ãɽȸˣ֮Ķ鷳һ𣿡
Եģ͵ϷΪ°ճ
ˣɽһв㣬Ҫöչȣ
ðɽ·֪Ҫݵˣڴڴ·ߵһ


53 
·ӢѧԺ¤壬￪ʼ㣬óʲô롣
ȰȡεķȥȻУִֵģʽӦҪ絾ʱˣֻǵֱлطͿԿʼˣʳɡ
ѧʱ·Ѷе
·磬ʲôԸ
Ըȥɽչ𣿡
·磬ҵȻԸ⣬ɽͬ𣿡һٸԸⰡɽǿһ壬㲻Ϊӣʱɽңѧһˡ
ãҽѾɽ˵ˣʰʰֱȥɣȥԺһҪúչɽӡ
֪·磬лл·磻ˡ˵Ŷܳȥˣ·ҡͷЦ⻹ǵһοʧ̬ǰǰڳһϴ̬ᣬһˡյЩ˵ĸоˡ
ȥɽǱ߸ɽȣʵ·һᣬܸŴ壬²ܳΪʦͽδҲȻ·ֿʼѧÿһũ¿ΣѧԺѧÿ¼۲쵾ӵ
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ѽүȻճ˲ͿֵڶҪڶ磬һС硣յһ絾ӵʱҾֵڶˣĻڶ˪֮ǰոү롣
뷴˵ŵǸܰѻĵرķϣ~𣿡·һ֮ţ·ôһ˵Ҳмֵ˵˷·Լ飬һɹءһεӣǲԺٶٶܳԴ׷ˡ
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Ȼ뿴·óһ޾Ρ
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ѩΣɽԳһ
˵Σ˻̰~ȻһζûС
ԣǾȡѩΣ󡣡
ðð·СӹȻһ˵о˫
ԣǸҪʱ֪
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֪ͨд˿ʲô۸񣿡·û뵽ô죬ô˴Ϸӵˡ
Сӣͨд˿ĶңôּۻۣͨдƲƽϣһǧô
ʲô𡰼۸̫ˣ֪ͨд֪֪ɱӺöˣӶһ飬е󡭡
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54 ѩ
мʮζģ֪ͨдҪζģһʱһʱɡ
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Ҫιܼң㿴дҲҪʱ䣬ȥʾͨдˣͨдô˵
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55 ʥּ
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һȺߵ·ĹǰͣһֱƼҵĴţҲȥֵأɽҲӢѧԺƼǵ˹ǰͱ֪˵ʲôɽֻǴŶˣιܼһϯ
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56 
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ȻԣϾδԺƴ˵һ壬ǰƣǺģպһġ
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ǾͶлˡ
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˵ء


57 
ǰʵۻӹɽˣң㣬һƬңҼұڻµһׯ棬ţиһȻ࣬ҲҸһ죬һ˽壬ɱۣҵҺ͸ڵؽ棬ǱɱˣɱǻͽߣҰѹʣְҷڲ棬ҶǧҪڵؽ棬Ϊؽʳǿ϶ҵ˵ٽǼҵԺӣװܴӵؽܳҲɱˣһ
˵Ѿˡ
ڲ죬ǶȥƴסģҲġ
Ҵϸ·ĨڿʼһŮӣҲӲ˶ãûҵ˻һأȣȻϹһֻ۾ǶҺܺãҾ޸ˣһʱ䣬һȡ·̫ˣûжã͡

·˵ֹ꣬о򻴰Һڼ׼ɣԶһЩԶȫĵطȥһ춼Ҫ׼ɽٴûһͻˣһ˻ѪŶӵŮˣһ֪ҪˣȻϽڼ֪ʲô飬ôһߵǸӵģƴȫ㣬ʧѪ࣬죬ֻ£һ壬ȥˡ
ҺˣţͰɽҲҶо鲻򵥣Ժͱ͵ʱһˡ
ҺôһҪúðԺ·֮ǰһֱûи㣬СţǼ⣬ҲˣӦøˣȻû˵껰֪ͨ˼ңòһ޳УѾǿ֮ĩôŮȥ߹·ǹܲˣո飬㿴壬Ψһ˵ʵôģΪʲôΪһ£ôĵӣ顣ɱͷĴ
·ûԭȻЩҪǸΪҲΰ󣬵һ㶼ײ
ҴˣӦȸ˵һģֻ³ҲٲߣƱһҶģԼҪҲܿ࣬Ҳ֪ôߵһ֤һᱣԼԼ¶ǰġ
֪ߵһı⣬ǽҲ˵Щ飬ԶʶԼдҲûб»ס㣬ֻ֧㣬Ҫ֪ҲҺƴҪģԺһҪȫǸһѾǼ򵥵ļٳˣŮڿҪ塣
ող˵Ҫ𣿡
ҵȻ֪黹أ㿴ǺķӦҲǳˣûתˡ
ԺһúТ˳㡣
~ˣŰɣĸΨһĶˣ㻹ҪԸ⣬Ҳȥһ£һļ嶼ǷǸġ
ҾҪ˾Ҳûм
仰Ҿˡ
·Ŵ壬ڷϸ壬һƣдһκ֣Ųһͨ壬׼Ǹ
ǸʱгңӦҲѾսˣȻĸôһӵСɽ塣ĸɣĸŮѾžˡ
ҵҲУ·룬Ӧôӣ˵
ڶգ·ֻӣģһҶˣسϢ˵¤һƷԱ֮¾·Ͼһ׼ƼҰݷá
·˲֪ܲܿԼŮϾԼŮһѸ֪·ǰ;û뵽ֱٰܵͨ·
Ǽֻ̻֮ͨңǰûٵŮǰŮҲֻΪиžͲˡ
ĸд磬ôˣ
ⲻ˵˹٣һǰף𡣡
룬ԭպϯģӵ˲Ÿոճȥû뵽ˣҲãðһЩ飬һͷתġ
Ŷ~ʲôܰæģ˵Һ磬⼸Ƕæ·ĿǣϾ͸˵·µġ
Ǿ鷳ˣ㿴ϯ˰ߺ㻹кҪĹ̸Լ˲ϣﶼæˣ鷳ĸȥһʲô
úãӣӣæǵģЩұ֤׼ĸá
·ӣһԲҵ󣬲֪ôˣ齻ȥ·ԼŮϲЦտĺĸ׼ĸȥˡ


58 ǰ·
㣬ôղ˵أĹˣȥ̸顣
ӣ·ӣɬ֮ǰú·ҲŵԣŮֻҪ·ϲûϵȻһ³˳͢٣ˣվԵ޷ݡ
·ԼһӦġ
㣬ǲ˺˵ʲô𣿡
ǵģ㲻֪Ժ֪ͬȢǸѸǶġ˵Щ䲻ˡ
㣬룬ǹԼӣҲıôǵΣԭΪһŮӣôôңҲԼģ㣬ɲд˵ģְǿɼƵģЩԱҲǸҵˣʶôˣҪң߰ɣȥĹ̸֪ĳùԱܾ̣Ҫµⶼת㣬ԺĹӻ˵ĺҪͨ㡣
·²ףԺôȲ˵Ҷ˱Ͼûгɻ飬ܰЩתңתĸ
㣬ĸ׳ô࣬Ժֻ帣Щ²ʣҲЩ
ôˣԺҰﲮĸܾˡ
ţǼ⣬֪õģϾԺǶ˷һ壬дĸ׵ûϵǸǺأǻӦ𣿡
·һ䣬ȷȷԼ𣿡
㣬ҵȻȷˣ֮ǰ˵ˣһϲˣǲź롭
ã߰ɡ·סˣȻŮ˷ȷ黹죬Ӧ˾С
ӣҲ̽·Լ棬Ȼ·˵ˣͱץסᣬ·뿪·˵ģһ壬Ǿһֱһȥɡʲô֧һȥġ
㣬ãҲŮ˵ġ
üסЩ
ȻˣҴ˵ٻ˽㣬ǲ֪ĹӺͰŮӣôң
Ҿ뿴ʲôʱܷ֡
ҪհƹﴩŮװҸ벻ǽ
㰡㣬һκǼʱͷֲˣ˶϶жϸһţ϶һŮ㣬˼ұҲûдǵģԼٶۡ
ðɣûŵϵζ
뵽Ĺ˭𣿡
˭λ𣿡
һ룬˵ʲô֣ˣ㣻ðʧ˵ˣܻʵ۱³谮ʳϫh仰Ȼ·Ժԭļ䡣
˵ĹǸʮսӮССս۵ĳʤϫh
ˣǰˣСʱŮӵĿģΪŮܻ񳤹һŲһ⡣
ҼǵóӦѾʮ˰ɣôĹӿ᣿
ʮôˣʮҲǾ绪ġż
Ҹ˵ͳ׬һЩҲûйϵ˵ʲôǴӦˣ׬ǮҲΪԼΪҴǧǧı߹ؽʿ
·һȻ𾴣ԼǵģԾӾһȻиУڸǶԳҪŮװʱ棬ǳŮ֮ʱӶ˵顣
ãģǲҪǮٶҲ֮
ӣҲһʱ죬·ķӣ·Ķһʱ˵ĻϾ·ӣ֪᲻һݳԸԼĶ׳˵˲ŷԼ˵ˡ
û뵽·Ȼͬˣһ뵽ΪԼԭô¾еӣʵֻ·ӦһԭҪԭΪЩʿֻ˵ᡣ
·֣׹ӣˡ
ӧĹӣ׹
ϫh鷳һˣҶö顣
ӧĹˣӦõġ
˵˾֪־ôأ
ֵġ·֪˳ݣֱãɴֱӰѷ͸ЩʣϾкܶġӣһԲ·һš
˻~ȿȣҵ˼ֵ뷨
ǵСϫhͰƣ˶һۣ֪ǵˣʵЦ
֣֮ǰ˵ģҸ㸺ԭϺƷзĻΣ
~ҽһƽ·ߵģһɱǮǸݾԶһֻߵʮǮҪͨնõ𣬻УȻһ󲻴󣬵ÿһҰնõһһ£һͨռҾҪңȻһ׬Ǯ࣬ǿɹ۵ġȻҴ߸ߵ;Ʒ·ߣǵҪ档ΪΣ
ţֹȻϵ°գǵΨͼˣҵȺգֽ˵


59 
һҪһЩǵݸۣܽʡɱǵĳɱԽ٣۸ԽͣԺоǷķһûǵĲƷãڶɱûǿƵúãĻǵķܳõڲ֮أؾΪƷ࣬ѶҪһ㣬ڻƷ£¤ͳһ䡣
ţַĺеﶼᷢⰡȻһЩûܵ˼ˡһֺⰡ
ˣԷķֱӸ֣ȥҲ˵ᱡܶ࣬ҪƽֻۣҪһɾУҪɾͿˣⶼڳȥеĳɱĴ󡣡
~֣֪˵ʲôһҪ󡣡
˵
һеҪͳһıʶ
ʵƵӢĺӣӣĽϣ·ȥġ
һֻҪ׼̱꣬ͻһֱǵĲƷԺƵĶ֣Ҳ׼̱ꡣһǴ·Ǵϵ·ϣܰǴ޺ãԲݶУʯ·
ϫh֪·ҪҲֻǾǺóѣһʵҲΪгأڶҲΪԺ䷽㣬ǶѾˡ
ãȻ˵ɡ
õ֣ͽȥȻ̸ˣҪһȥɽϴԣ
Уտģһȥƺȥһ·ɣ·һȥ׼һ¡
ӣͰƶȵװʽ··ϫhһǰ棬һ˶Ϻɽȥ
ɽ·ֵҰһһҰһһҰãϫhҲʾ˾Ȼʼ˭࣬ɽĺߣ˲Ϣ
֪·Իû뵽ôãʹ죬ʵʹ졣ϫh֪·ΪλôС·ֱʯӴģûоٹ־׼ͷһġ
ҲضãٷУ
ˣɽϵﶼŵòҳˡǰ˵ģƺӣһֱű¨ڶ󣬻һ·ӣҩ
ⲻ֪ѵֵȻҶдһ
ãֻ֣лԣԲζ
˵·óڽϵذ׸Ұƶ
ϫhԱ߿š֣ôذ״ô֣ϫhԼô࣬û״ôֵذס
֣ذױͨذ׿ɺöˣ㿴ǰ浶ѪۣܸõİγʱԴ̸൶ⱳϵľݣһԸԷɸ˺ڻ⻹ܵãλô򿪿ԵãֻҪһذ֣ɭͿ档
ʵ·˵ܸõɱ˵ģڹŴûзۣҲֻ˵㰲Ӫկһַ
ϫhȷˣذǺã֪·˼룬ҪǸӵϿ϶á֪ܷʵǼϲ
Ȼˣ⻹һѣһѾ͸ˣʵذһ㣬ճõذ״ëϷһ
Ŷô˵иõĲϣֻõıˣ
ûûУҾôһ˵һǱȽóֵؾ̡Ź֡
ڴ㻹ܸҶľϲӣԱţһû˵ռгİãӦֻ·ɡ
·óԼտϸҰĨȣһɱúҶûͰҰãܳ𣿡
İɣ˻ԣǿŻɣȥȿԣ⼦Ҫһء
һᣬ˿żϵĿ㡣
·ϾǿЬҲó԰ɡ
Ь𣿡
ϫhھӴʱ࣬Сڡֻǰųļӣ·ӻ˾ΪͶ
ֵĿˮҪˣ롣
ȥȥȥ˵Ǻһ·ҲԣǴսٻغϣٳҰ
㲻Ұó𣿡
ǣôԶʳûš
ƺӣ˶ۣʵûۿ
·ϫh˳㣬ں߿λã˶ûпϫh;·ϵʱˡ
˵ǴǧģӦûϳ·ڣϫhо·Ȼ൱һɱ֮ûеôơ


60 д
⹴ϫhĺսӣ˴һսһϫhԸо·ڵĹô·ǿ׼
ÿһֱ߶׼ȭɾ䣬ԥǧһǴˣܸо·Ŵģ治һͨԻе֣⻳
·Ҳϫhֺãʮսĳʤһһʽ·˴ѷ֣һӣͣ֡
ʼվһ漴˴Ц
·֣ȭ˭ѧģɾҪǸոոһذҾˣ·ǲֱܴ۶ˡ
ﻰּһֻʺϽȽϴ󣬶ȭʦսռʲôƣԾ͸ó
ʹ죬ʹ죬֪·ôãúдģϧˣҪսϣ˭棬ضȷ
ҰɣҾʺϴԣսȻᶶġ
ߣԼȥҶȭܸȤֲߴͽ̡ϫhó·־սϣϧһӣȷʺϾֵأڴѾعˣ·ں󷽲ܷӸá
˵˵
·ߵӣԱ׼ȥѻļͳӣӱһ·˻~·¿϶ˡ
ǰˮĹдʲôĹ㡣
ǣⲻĹѧϰ
ӣ·ֵȷҲû
Ĺдƽϡ
Ժ޹ϡ
ԶԶԣǼҵ¶ġ·ίĿһӣ
ĽĿһ·ӣǸðֿһϫhⱲӲ֪ûлᡣ
ۣ㰡죬·򿪡
ǣл˵һ
~лʵźҶ㣬óԺóԡ
ΧһԼ·óһޣûоƿɲУǺȵơ
ոճʱôó
ոնˣȵóʲôζڳԵð뱥ƷƵĺʱ
˵ĻͦеӴ~ѾơǲС
ʱ̣ɽﻹдһöݸߵҩҲǣ뵱Ҿǿɽ˲ηҵġ
~ҵͦȤġ
ƱҽԶԲҩȤ
´ҴȥɽƹԳԸĻӢѧԺĿӣһֱ뿪ҽĿγ̣ûкõʦԼҲѧղûʱ䣬׹ԸĻҿүһ׷ӵסס
ƣͦõģ㿼ǿԺסĵطҲûǮ
һȥͼһ£ûʲô顣
˰׹Ϲս𣿡
ƿһϫhͷǰս̫кöʿҽξˣϧ̫ˡ
սô˵أ
ֹѪҩ۰Щصľ;Ȳˡ
ûѱȽϴĴڷء
·𣿡
Ͳһ˿ھͱ˿Ҳܸسá
~ã߲Ǿһֱ˿ڴ
ǵģԲߣߵĿû˿ڵĴ󣬻Уҵ˿ԲòأǺⳤһͿˡ
ôһ˵ඥ֪ܷһоҽ̶ܴܺϼսϵˡ
~Ҿһ뷨ҪԼġ
ֲƴǣ͵Ϊǧǧı߹ؽʿƾ·϶ҽȻͻȻԸ̸ǿʲôǡ
ԣ֣ҿ԰˵ˮڵҲܣܺͰһоǷУ㲻֪ǲǧǧĽʿҴǧǧͥϫhʮսĽʿһһϣܳɹ
ðɣ֣Ȼô˵ҾͲƴˣҲҪоˣ԰ƹΪƹҪӢѧԺҽѧƵ
ãҴӦ··ҲﵽĿģǹģ°ƣܰӡ
ʵ˷оĲֹ
Ը֡
׹֪ûзʿԺö඼ڸպ˿ڵĸȾһ÷˿ڷҵ취˿ܴǵĴˡ
ֵ֪˼ȡǰѵһĵ
ԣзڷ֮ǰϴһ˿ڣٷֹѪҩۣͻ~
ֹȻϻۣôأ
Ҷ֪һ̶ǣƵĶ~ŨȣƵŨȲɱЧǺܺãȡŨȵľأ
֣ҿӢѧԺķֲˣүү֪ԣǻԼӢѧԺӡ
ӧǵĶԻʱ·ֹĿ࿴ˣ˵˼Ĳ򵥰
Ǿ͸ˣ׹˵ӢѧԺǷѧŮѧġ·˼Ҫ̫ԡ
ƣҿһҲܲ·ҿߵֲ̫ãҪҼ㣬Ļ͸רоˣϣϡıΣ


61 ֪Ůһ
~·Ҫ˰ʵڲ㡣
ģǵ㣬ԺҲֻΪ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
·ҼǵֻǳǮӢѧԺûѧԺʲôְô
֣ÿ¶ҪǮ׬ģһ仰ֹ㣺к£Īǰ̡
ããһ䵫к£Īǰ̣ҴҪǶ༸ˣγ˰
˲Ű˲ţΪΪ˲ţһҪдŸʣ˲һҪṩı
·¶âʵ׾һִˣŴһС¶ڵ˶ǾףȻ˵͵ˣһֱߵȥҪȨ˿ϵļֵֻҪĳ빻ء
Ժʵ֪ŮģҲ᲻ɱ
·͵һ죬¤һӶϲģ½˴سǵһˣ·Źٷмֹ
¤أ½·ĹְߣȻǸģҲû˸СسǵĹԱʿ͸¥̻ᶼ
ɰ·һ۵ĹǺ⻹Ա߰æһ·ҵĿⷿƷѶѲ¡
·ӣö˶ʶ
ʶ˹ͰƷǴȥʶİѻӺ񼸷֣Ȼڵˣǲյǧܶա
֪ˣýڣҪæ
ҪҪٸҼ֣򼸸Ѿߡ
ããæһ죬˹ˡ
ðɣǮԺӣˣҲҪźˣ˵ôԺӣԼʰ̫ˡ
֪ˣ˵Ҳԣһȥġ
ţ֪ͺãϢˡ
ϫhͰڴ˼죬·ͰӣҲţϫhͰǴڴԼӣ˵ǲռѧԺԴȹ滮ô޽ϫhˡ
·ʹ˱ջĶ࣬Ժʲô¶дŸҡ
·ʱˣҪȥ游ǰ¤塣
Ƕλߣ¤Զӭǡ
~¤ĸۡѾ޽ˡӣںǺ
ԶԶԣԺ¤Ҳǵļңӭʱؼҡ
·ӣϫhͰƺ󣬿ӣﷸֹնûҵʵʱӣ˵֪ôе¸˵˵Ѷô졣
ٲ˵ûʱˣǰǶܼ档
㣬ҲˣҪ˸ԣ
ðþûгԵĲˣеΪڵ˲ȥˡ
ôᣬԸ⣬Ըһӷ
˵ñȳĺ˵˵ô͸Һͳд裬쿴ľսġӣ˸۸·
·ֻе֣ǹٺ٣ⲻǺúõģϹսˣؿһʶġ
Ҳܰ˼ҵĿ°
û㣬Ժʯңȥˡ
·ʹóұӣ˼ˣϣӣζķϲƽϣǻʯϳԷģӦҲӣ~Ͼ׳׳ӡ
㣬Щ˿϶θڣǻ÷ŹǣײˣǴＹǻ⻹ˡ
Ӵ~ڰ
ող˵ȳԷҸ㵹ơ·˵ӣԲȥҲ֪С
ˣ⸱Ҳ԰ɡ
õģ㣬Ɑ㣬ҵĵһѡ
ǺǣҲҵĵһѡ
㣬ĺ㣬һŮԼ¥Լ飬ĺܺãƮ¥¶㡣
ô⻰ԽԽأ·˵ʲô
ûûУǴ㡣
~ʲô㿴ЩĸҵŮ˭ǹŶٸӣׯӣЩ˼ױܲﵽ
һһ䣬ƹѲ·е㵨ˡ
㣬е˵ǳٸģֺʱһˣҪⲢҵı⡣
Ŷ~ʲôôأ
~~
ôµġ
·ʵڲ֪ôڣߵӣǰǣӣַԼϣӣʼߵò̧ۣΪ·Ҫף˵ϲеˣʲô˵ġ
ԺٸҲԸġ


62 ֪Ů
Ȼ󣬺֪ģϸоô̫ԣôӵš
̧ͷ·һһĿ˻~·ӣ
ӣæ·֣ɫһ¾Ͱˡ
ܣԲܣ㶼ûжӣš
㣬˵ҲãСʱ򡭡·˵飬ԼС鶼ӣ֪һʱ֮϶ܲˣϾԼƭ
Ĳұ⣬ҵ˹٣ұ㡣
ǰǰôôɵҶܿȴûпǰˣѹһʼ˵ҡ
һŮ֮꣬һμ棬·۾Ҳֻоޣûӡӣתǧأ
ڲܺ·һﶼʧ䡣
·úݵİӣ·ۿ죬ҧгݵ˵·ûпӣӣǺ
㣬Բ𣬶ԲҪԼһͬġ
ӣһԲֱվˡ
·Ҳ֪ҪһЩʱû׷ȥֻǳȥԸǫҵҪȥ˻һ¡
·Ҳܣӣ̧ͷˮۿת˶ûеۡ
ѸĲںòĳĵһѣΪҪˡ
ֻһˡ
ӣ߻˿Ժͽк÷ʰ˵Ҫسǣ÷ӣɫɫҲ˵ȥʰˡ
ӣʻ¤壬·ģӴʧȥʲôҪĶһ
ӣҡҡλΣ·ʶĵεΡ
ǰǸʱˣΪʲô·һδ꣬ҪѡһӵĹѸΪʲô˵ԺֻһŮˡΪʲôһ֣òµѽ
öö࣬ǰӣ벻ĵطһ¶ˣûϵζǵ㣬ûкᡣ
·ʲôֻǰһӦ˵Ĺ𣿾Ѹ
ڻҪѡȨ~Ų߰
ˣҲӣǲҲǸʱةһˣǲǰҴ档
Լ˵~ܲʹӣĵ˼뿪¤壬һʱ֮޷ʲô𰸸·
·ҲӣһЩ˼ʱ䡣ϾҪǻҲ
ҲԼǻˣӦҺһģȻԼļƻʲôûУû취ӣͣӣӦҲȥʲô͡
һ£ˮʼˣӣҲûи𰸣·֪ǲԻôģȻÿն⣬Ҳûȥʹ
һ³̤Ե·ϣĸ¤壻¤˶ãִԱߵļһˣռҪղա
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ѵƷֲһһڷۣͿֳܲӽˮˡ
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ӣߣ죬侲ֿ֮ʼ·ĺãǰΪŮӣЩĵط³С缺ԺûкӣǻС
ô꣬СһŮΪ棬ɽԣϰһ书ĸ׵涼ûмҲš
ȻȴʼĿʼĲףһԼôô׾ЭԼϲֵزһȴѾʼԭ·ˡ
ĸ֮ǰİҹؼңǲǺ·ˣ·ǳ͢٣ԼҶ䲻ϣôԼŮ·ܣһĸӣԺ
ӣӣǲǺ·ˣ㲻ҪԣҪĶˣƴ˼ôõ˼ңǾǴŵҲӣŲԵĸĸҪ֪·ŮĲ֪ܲ˵ⷬ
˵·ԺǼԺкܴΣ
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63 ټ
ôᣬȲ˵·Ѿ̤·Դһ룬оǸʲô˫ɹ˭ܶǧǧϰΪУǷޣʲô鶼Ƿһģ⣬ǾһһԣΪƾҲƣҲΪһŮ
㲻֪Щ֣һƴ˵δҺȾƣ⡣ѵΪǱײϣףĸ׾ҪҺ𣿶Ҹո˼鲢ûзһתصġ
ĸһλӣ룬ǰǵ·ӵʥּĵڶգ·Ļ
һֱԼ··ҲǻܽԼͰһˣܺ޹ϵġ
Ҿԣ֮ǰӾͺòڴԣ̣ĸ涼ܳɫ
֪Ůӣָ˺öӶ˵飻һԺĸоΪŮӵԺ
һ£ӣԽԽ٣ֿʼ·Ϊʲôո֪ŮӣԼᶯģԼľͿֻٷޡ
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ӣԽ۾ԽҪúüƻһý·֪Լ
֮ǰǸɵӽĴ㣬Ͼ·ûмƻǹغ飬·ԼӦҲɡ
˾дһŸƮ¥ûشĳȥ·
·ǫݹţҵģҿ
ǵү
ˣȥæɡ
·ţдһȥسһȻԼ棬϶ˡʲôܡ·һ·ӱޡϵسѾˣֻõȵڶٵŰݷá
·һ棬϶ǺԼŮͺõģЦС
ӣӣʲôú˵Сҳ軵ˣൣ
εȷҲԣӣӣ飬
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·ҵȥӣԺӣһˣʵˡӣԺ·֪ȥԺӣҲ֪ǲô𰸡
ֻӣԺתȦ÷ȥͽӣС㣬үˡ
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ȥеԺ
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ƴˣС㣬Сױˡ
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ӣڷ·⹷ȵģҪһƼʳ˵ԡ
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ӣʳʰʱѾʱȥˡ
˼ͷƴ˾õˡ
˵ﻰˡ
ƴ֮ǰʵСŮӳһ⣬һ¶ףƴƴ˼ġ
ӣ·һίӣã͸ýҲܡ
㣬˶···С·ӶУǱƴˣо֣ʰɣһ֪޲޲
һԺ󵽵Ǻδģ
ֻҪҳףа취Բǣң֪˫ϵһͳˣֳͳɹˣ˫һ취ȵƷߵȵĶϴνҲҪͰ׹һ͸ŨȾƾ飬Ҳ˵ʮְգ߰˷ֻеģһкܶĶоֻҪһֱ볤óǲ⣬˹ͣҲҪٷƣֻһöơ
ѹ·һֱææµµͣЪǸƢʱ·ѾΪǵδˡҲֻһŮӰӦģվһ֧
ãһҪԺʲô뷨ҪҷҰ֣ĵ𣿡
õֻһ»˵ұ֤кʵʱһģ֮ҴӦ㣬ԺκεҶ㣬
ãھС
·ˡлл㣬֮ǰҵĲԣ鶼һȥ룬Ժ󲻹ʲôҶߺһģҲңһԼĳԽԽصġ
ˣ֮ǰͲ˵ˣסո˵ľˣ߰ɣǻǰǲܼģѾˡ
ý㣬һɣһûҶˡ·÷Ѿ֪ԼŮˣԱȻһ㣬ȻˣӣȻ˰㣬ޣ˭ýء
߰ɣʵڲȥСɣܴҵԺ档
ðɣ㣬ҸĿֻ֬һˣˡ
·һͷˣ·߳ȥӣŴ򿪿֬ɫͦʺġ
ЦһۣһҪ


64 
Ϊ·緹·ȥСһ磬Сɸˣ֪·¾ĵˡ
ԺסϴȥǸ棬кö顣֪Ƕã·ߵʱ򣬻
ڰ鴦ˣ·һİصﰲоˮҺԷŵˣˮˮĸƯķֱˮķϡ
ֻҪע⵾ˮλյȵʱ򣬾һݶջ񣬶ҲܹӦԼҵľ¥
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·㲻ѵӳû ʱӶղ
үģ㿴ҵѾܴˣǲԵģЩƯСӣˮøãһĶҲŲβˮܳ󡣡
㵽ոʱܳ󣿡
һµʱ䣬Ҳ̫࣬һңǶ೤һǾҪ˹ϣͶιһ£Ҳܶ࣬˾ͻӰˮˣֱ÷㣬ǶĶЩҲ飬֪ôأүǵĵ绹̫СˣͶ磬һԺҼҵʱû£Ҳˣٷ硣ջʱҲǫ͵Ʈ¥¥ˡ
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λ۳Ͷ٣Ϣһգٴȥ˲ˣڻ֪λóʲô
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65 
һȻǶ˹һ£λʲôʣǺôԽ𡣡
ԶԶԣǾ￴ƴ˺ˣܴæȥɡᷭһѹôһ治֣ͼ¼
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·ȥæɡ
·˺ܴһ·ӢѧԺߣһ·ѯʶˡ
֪λ˿ó򣿡
ƴˣóó졣
ãλˣҸһṩһʵңǿԼо
ƴˣɣ״˵Ƕ˸о
ܴˣ㿴״ǲҵģоĶҲ˼·ԺоĶҲõġҵһۡ·ԼˣĶɢȥҶȥˡ
ƾƴ˰š
ãλˣǿҪһģһֱȥĲʣҪҿλ綼곤ңǽ·ҽܴ磬ô
⣬á͵ܣǶЩˣ⵱ٱͲϰߣ죬ȥͷεġ˵ǲںӣȥġ
һЦ~
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ôСֻһԡ
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磬һֽϣ·ʵؼӲԼǿֻ֪ԭϣҪоԭϵı
͵ܣļԭϣȥռʲôҪ͵׼ãǶﵹæˡ
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ȥֲϣҵԺ͵
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ӽˮʱרȥǿ۲죬ǱЩĺһЩȵˮʱ֪ǲǻӴˡǵлҲܸȤ
ĬĬ룬ƴ˲ũתɣҪôˮĽһµķˮ
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֮ǰ·еĵĶΪУ֪ƴȷʵڿҵо˫ǻȡ裬ֻҪ¼ⲻ֮
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ڲһˣȥ굽ڣһûмʮĴ˼ȥ˵¤ˡ
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ˮѾĽ׶ˣһҾոˣҲͶ磬ǵĵԺ·һµĵȲһȫû·ҵĵ糤ýʵ
ڣǸʱô·һֵӣʱһ¾ֲڶԵһĵȲܺúܶ࣬°ֵҲа
öҲôģԺ󲻹·ʲôôָžˡ
·λ￪ʼµڶҪֵĹˣȻλֻæͼ¼һⶼȫȻһ·ӡ
ۿˮཬͷ˲ѣһȵĲʹˣرǿӽˮ·
·Сӣߣȥһǲǿոˡ˺һˣҲʱôнˡͱС꣬Ҳѧ·


66 յ
ˣҪżҺȥոˣҪȰ̳
ǰǸѾƴһˣ֮ǰСʱ򿴶̫ܿڴ˰춼ܿˮԱȥˡ
˵棬Ҳ·Сӣһ⼸ճһˣ
ժһ룬һ˷һŹҧţҾÿԸˣүǾأ
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˶æǶȥæԼģ⼸ĶһŪˣ̫˵Ȼȵׯڡ
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ˣ⼸ҪֿһǱˮ֣һϷˮ֣һˮ֣һҲǻ֣ר˹ڷ˵ġ
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żĳһһ￪ʼ׽ոĶǧĶʮϷĶٰʮİٰʮ˹ڷӽˮȻߴʮ
Ķ˵Լֵĵ˳ҲĶһٰʮ·Ͷжʮ˵ֲԵķǰķá
ҴİҴİ֮ǰ֪϶ǰֵĲߣû뵽ôߡ
ƴˡճڣ·һסˡ
ˣǱͼΣҵȲо߲ˮ꣡
꣡﹣е˶򾩶
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ƴĻʲôʱܿʼֲڶֵ硱
˲żȰεӳʸ£ڶεȻû֣ǵһεȷգҲǽ׶ԵʤҪñҲһ¡Ȼǿʼ﷭л˷õֲʱ򣬴»Ҫʮ졣
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ƴˣҵʵ㲻֪ûĶʮǰǶǲģǰϷڻׯֹõϵҲͶٶĲʱϷ򻹾ԼǺƴһȣȲ˱Ȳˡ
԰˵ǣο⻹＾ĶļĶҲͲˣпĶ͹ǧ˰
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λ˲ˣֻǵһأ߲֣ʱ϶ģλɲܾǼˡ
ԣƴˣˣҪһ߲ġ
ѹȵʵ̫ˣȻð鳴룬С˶࣬ҪǴ÷Ѷ
·һ¼䣬ǵúʱʵֵĴӵĶӦһǷεľһǽŲȵȻ
ڵķѧܶ࣬ҡľͷ糵ȥҲܺãĥԺ󣬷׿Ҳõġ
ͰҹЩͼֽȥľľȴյӵʱóˣҰͼֽϸʹ÷˳ȥõĹ߾Ӧƹ㣬ǽ˫־ܿѸˡ
·дӾʱˣΪҪʼ׼ˣĸûҪ¤죬Ͼ˵ʱ򲻺ȥسǣ˰³·ӭ׶ȥسǣسǵլסһڶһȥӭףٻ¤壬ڵĳ׾ҪʱãʱҲļ
·ʼд˲дӣ֪ͨһУȻ½оڴͬţɽλӣ·һͰǱҲȥšȻͿʼ׼׵ĶسǺ¤ķӶҪװһϯվ¥Ͼλҳס
ӣҲż£СװС
ף·ÿ״Ͽ϶ÿˡ
Ҳ·Ҫ̫ˣȻ㡣
ףôСİ˺öˡСԼİ޼¡
㶼˶ٱˣ˻мˣȥ鶼ûʰãʲôľС
ðɣȥ
~С߳ȥӣЦСôôϲ·ÿ뵽еңΪ·ŮӣԺҲСãһڼµʱδĵǣ£Ƕδڴ
ж·ϣǾҪΪһˡ


67 
ת۵˰³ˣ·һϮ£Ӣ
һȥ׵жһϴСӴССʮˣ·ŰһǸ׼ĺЩһȥ׵ˡ
˶ǻǴ·ĳȥģӵʱĲ޵ȶҪƸ֮ǰ͹ˣڲҪ׼
·̫Զ·س׼˻ȥӵسǵٻ¤塣
·ϣһ·壬˶֡
ǿ·СӿӢʱôûиŮ
߯~ŮФ·Сء
ϧˣôǴĹǾûһ׽ס
˭õʱضûеˣܵء
԰˭ĵ
·ǵĻ촽΢΢
ҪˣǴСҪһˡǰôûз·ôÿء
ԴƼҿʼңǴ÷ĵһѡϾܾ˶ٴ˵׵ˣȻˣǴСﻹڴûϣȷʵ˿ɲͷһ
سǺý棬Ժ˵ڶյ̡·е㼤ȻǼٳף˭õһʮ͵ĵȻڹŴȢء
~Ҫǻȥ˵ԼսǶҪˡǵģڶʮ͵ʱʵѾͨͬԻͬԽˣȻԹӤ
ڶʮԼʮˣӲû̸˭֪ڲֱӽ飬Ӷˡ
·˷ܵҹ˯ţһš·磬㲻һҹû˯ɣȦȭͷô󡣡
?û֬ʲôģһ¡
С㲻ҪЦ·Ժһģ·СӱæˣȥˣҪȥϲϰõļʱ
õүˡ
һȺ˳ź˻н׵̶ӻϣһ·ߣſڣһڣǰ˵ϾմƼҳ·
СǰӭȢӣӣ
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ӣӣĻΪͲ˵ˣһҪ·úùӡ
֪ġ
ĸ㶼Ѿ޵ڶˣ϶֪ЩġӣıǮ÷˵ġǹģ˭֪Լڶ޻ܼ޸͢ء
ԣҼ÷˵öԣ㲻õġӣŵĶıúǮϵɩǡ
ǰ˭ӣӣأŮܲҪˣǼӣӣиǮҲǺ۸ģȥˡ
ǲ֪ƴԺ᲻СأЩٵļҲء
ǰĸ̷ǸǲҪˣӣҲǲġĸ˲תͷȥ
Ѿ·ǹˣҲ˵ĸҲͷӣϡ
ҴżֵΪһ·û취Ҳ򲻹ǵٵģҲ̫Ϊѣ˼ͷˡ
㣬ؼˡӣ·еֹסᣬ·Ѻݸӣǰӣ
ӣıǿ·òˮˣ˵ǸֵصԻô᳤˺ÿһӣôþȻô˽ӣ㡣
Ϸݣ·ӣݱĸĸһӣӣõģǷġ
úáһ㶼ûеһμŮģ춼Ҫֵˡ
ҴӣϻΣҲתͷ·˵þͽˡ
ġ·ȭ
ո׼ΣһгţţҪסСҪ֣ңС֣ҵѪʱ֣үү֣ĸɩɩˡ
ӣ˫סϵƻǸʱ֣ȥһ˰ң˵С𣬾͵ûŮôҪһⲻǴ·
ŶΪСǲ˵أ֮ǰôӻȥأ
ƴˣ֪ǵٵģ֮ͥҲ㣬С֣ѪȨҪ֣ҡ·֪϶Ҫӵģרӿ϶ʨӴ󿪿ˡ
С϶ǲǵģֱ˵ǵɣҵİüʱɲǵ󡣡
Ǹ֣ǾͿԲС
~֪жθڵǴúܡ
֣ϲģ㲻Ҫ̫СŮĺӣɲҡ
ʱŴĸϳ֮ǰӣ뷿˶֣Ǯ÷룬֣ʱ򰡣ֵƴӣѸѸ˻ƿ
·ߣ½졣
ˣҪ֮ǰҲգȻˣҾͲܲˣԺ·Сĵ±


68 
ҹȻûп㣬ҶԲס㡣֣ҵģܣ붼Ҫ룬һһ~
֪Ӧ֣ҵ˵ģֳŮǮ֣Ͽ֣Ҵ򷢵
·ס˵Сء
԰Сոպ÷Ѿӵȥˡڿ϶ţһ⹫ûŮܵ
֣ҵģţҴӦˣ飬ԺСƼС֣ûаǮĹϵ·ӻƱ
˵Ȼһ£һҪȥŰСĻǨд¶飬ȻƱӸǣǵһҪӡ
ãӣӣȻȥĪʱԻᴦ·˼ô˿ţ֣ҪǽӴųȻ˻ʰϾǺôһǮ
ͿûܵĸˣŮȻн赶ɱõúá
·ǰΪ¶ӵˣοѺӵ֮ԲּۻۣǲСԼһۣһףڲԺڼҲΪͯӰɡ
·ߣСҪһ𣿡
塣Сۿ·ˣҲһЩˣ֪·׵ոЩҪӵˣôˣҪСҪС
Ȼˣ·СڻһһСϣ·ȥ˻αߣӣġ
ģһչ˺Сġ
ӣڻĨᣬ·ֻ·ҪȻκһеĴϲ֮ճ飬СֻСԺҲĴڣϾŮڴϲ֮մ衣
·СܵС΢΢۵ȦסСС˵С֪ΪʲôȡСΪС˵ģκ鶼ûСҪСһ˵ö𣿡
塣
Ȼˣ˵СҲǺҪģҺóףԺĺӣҲı
ҪС
ԣԺСͽСͽһBôB˼мǿԢ⡣ϣһǿˡ·֪СûаȫУԼϲȡ֣СܶƼйС
ҿԸԺҾͽһB𣿡
ԣһͿԽҵˡ
Ү~СΪЦ
ӣڻżΪŮ˶ԻһͿ
˳棬·ֱӱӣӣ˵лл··䶼ˣһʱ֮䶼ûзӦ
··СϣСǵʲôʲôݣ˰ʱС˯ţ·ͰСݸ÷ȥ˯
Ϊչ˼ʱӭ׵ĳһֱʱŽ壬¤壬ȹ˻裬·ϰӣֱǣһݰã½Լˣ˽ϸڡ
˵
һأ~~
ݸã~~
޶԰ݣ~~
ɣ붴
·ǣӣߵԼķ䣬ӣһڴߣ˶һ˳ӽȰ°ڴһͬĵ˼
ƴˣԽҸͷˡ·ӣĸͷֻӣһС¹ײ·룺Ҫˣô
ӣ·һۣӢ֪ŮˣϺۻеŮǲֻ֪·ϲӢĴĪ档
ӴӴӴǿɺӿˡ
Զ˶ˡ
ɲŮò
·ӣŷӦһ죬ӣۣ·ĵ뷨һǽպе̫λˣԼһڽĸо
Ǳ˵ѽӶ˹ӳԡ
ƴˣιӳԡ·ҲǾýѵģιӣ
㣬
ġɶ
úúã˵ġ˺ǳȥɣƴˣȻɻҪơ
·ӣһۣĬĬΪ˴˵
˳ȥ·Ҳӣ˵㣬ȰͷЩժˣϴһ°ɣˣҵȻ黭㡣
֪ģٺһ㣬þҵˮ
ţҳȥˡ·еܲա
·ȥƼͽӣΣ÷Сأ
ССһͺʹС浽һȥˣ˶࣬÷ССʲôʧһֱССߡ
ţǹǵǶԵģϾﻹкӡ
С㣬ū澾ùүǰǸ֣öˣūС㿪ġ


69 
Ƽ֪ΪҸˣԺĪҪ֣Ұ֣ƼҸҪնϹȥһֱң֪нж಻ףԺҲǣϲˣһǻ޵ġ
С㣬ū澺ͺ÷ԸһźС㣬˲磬СߣС⣬տСС㳤ū澾ӱõӡ
ˣڲ˵Щʱ򡣡
ɩɩ黭ʫƲ裻·ɩɩ˵˵ǿԽ𣿡
ɡ
ɩɩ·׼ķʳ˵϶ˣȳһ㲻õ
ãǼѧϿ𣿡
ǵģɩɩĸһڼհ࣬ǼСĻɰࡣʵ黭֮ǰͦģ·ҪȢޣȻ֪ǸùɩӼ޽ǳ԰׷ģ֮ǰ·˵ȥæ·˵ͻСѧ֪ʶؾǣһ١
ǿҪúѧطӱ´أɩɩĽǣСһȥѧá
·İҪȻǻ֪ء
ǲˣ·ĵã·ļˣұǺģ·Ҷ֪ģǲõģֻ·һصĺжǰôԺô
ӣ˺ܶ࣬ɩɩǺ·͸һĺˣȻһ˲һšȶǼ·ʱ򣬼˲˳ȥȻ·ȵǲˮľƣͲסһһ
ѾŬıˣͷǺΣӣ·ӱߡ
ɩɩ·鷳ˣˡ߳ȥŹϣӣȥűá
ǽٺһ𣿡
ܣ㡣
Լȥϴ𣿡
~Եġ
ӣ·ϴ棬ⶼ·޷ʱΪ˷Լ޵ġ
㣬ʲôͽҡ
á
ӣӱߵ·ˮԼҲеˡ
㣬ϴˣϴ𣿡
ûءǰѺƺ˯ɣȥϴ
ãȡ
ӣѾƵã˰Ѿƺˣ·ȥӣȥϴϴӣʱΪ·Ѿ˯ˣ·ڴߣűӣ۾ֱ
ôˣô˯
㣬ÿˡ
𣿡ӣˣӦ˺ܶ滨ɶģ·ĺˡ
Ҹʰʰ
ãٺ~
ӣѴϵĶŪˣ·ץһѷڵϣýŲš
~ôôɰ϶Ǿ֮ǰԼˣҪȥ
ˣ˯ɡ
·ֱűڴϣҲ˯Ϳӣͷ
ӣоõ·Լϲϼͷߣ·ԾŲŲ˻֪λá
㿴ǶŮӣһ˯𣿡ӣ˵·ߡ
аŮ㣬һӳ졣·һֳԴӣ
Ŷһ𣿡ӣ·½ӦǸոϴصĶˡӣԼˡ
~ҼģҺ˵϶ţҽˣҾȻˣǺǺ~
ô𣿡ӣ·
ǰÿİﲻ˼ˣϱ·ĿתĶӣӣе졣

Ǻ~ܡŮ㣬ϱ𣿡
԰ңӣ
Եϱͽ֣ҿһ𣿡
ȷ
촽úó԰˵·¿һӣ͡
˻~ȻеۣǺŮӽǻƽһΣȻҲûУȻо·ģһֵζʱо顣ͻȻѹƿе㲻֪ӿ֮ʱ
𣬺~~Ȼ˯ˡ
ӣһ
·һˣԼһӣ˯ʮСˣԼӣѽ᲻Ǳ̬Ȼ㡣
ŵ𴲣ӣոմЬ׼ȥ·桰ѽ˯ܹܲһ㣬ֱС
Ǻ~ˣտ϶Һȶˣһޱͽֿǣ϶ġһҪװ벻飬̫ˡ
ðɣҪҰ㴩·𣿡Ͼڵ¸Ҫźӵġ
˲ˣԼѾϰˡ·ŵߵϴȥ·óӣױ̨ǰͷ
㣬ҪҰͷ𣿡
Ҫ
~ѧһѧȥк÷ǡ·߳ȥ
÷Ƽȥͷ
õĹү
·ʯϵӣӣó·Ͳӣȥ
߱˵ﱾֻҺĸףǶһԷģǶũң⣬Щ趨ʡĹء


70 Ŀ
֪ˡ
ͿϺС˵
ӣ˯ôôˣϿӣ˾ʡ
˯ˣոø裬
úã˼˼ˣǲЩ񡣡·ŮӣϾеԲӣеĪ顣
·λ滹ƸλӣϾ÷ݹĲ裺Ȳ裡
óһӣӣԺǶһˣֻҪ·ӺúõģҾˡ
Ҹ·Ժʲʣʶϱġ
С̾衣ӣСݸСһ衣
̣Ȳ衣
~̵ĹŮϽӹһڣָСһȦ
С۾ŽȦ⣬ֿ̧·
Ͳøҿͷ˰ɣĸƺˡ
һܡҲܵ
úá·СڴĿԼ·Сû˽ԼͰƵ·ǰӣݸ豭
Ȳ衣
úãСԣǵ·óһ׼õĽССǵõ˵𣿡
ӽ쿪ʼͽСˣһB·ﻹһθС
֪ģеˡ
ԣ·Ůӣתһߣ͵͵Ĩᡣ
Ա˵˺ˣó緹ˣǰڷɡ
С𣿡·СʱŮװƸ߳ģСֲ϶ŮڴȹӵС̫ɰˡ
ã̡
㣬ôСǸСûи𣿡
еСҵﲻԼԣǽѾιġ
·С˵СѾǴ˰ӶԼԷġ
ԣСǴˣףҵأҪԼԷ
Сӣ·СԼԷˡ÷ȥһ£Сù
Ⱥ÷Σ·͸СвˣôԼÿӣСʵ̫ˣǻӣСԵúܿģ·вˣҲвˣԼھҸı
ӣȻЩ˱㣬ԺǼܼҡ
ҲɵģҪǰѹصġӣ϶룬ûФƼҼҲ뷨
ӣﲻǸ㲻֪ұͲЩǿ·̫æˣæŰŹܹܵģںòˣϹͷɣԺҾͰǴС帣ˡ
ӣһ·Ұ㶼ľС
Զԣһ֪£ҪǵģǼôô¡
ǺðɣĲõ˵
϶úãǿ԰ɣ극ҰѼ˶ˣȻǾȥתתҰЩµĶ˵㡣
ӣóĸĲˣ뵱˦ƹһ֣ҳԷʱǼ˵ʲôţ˵һŮľͲҪͷ¶ˣ޵ľ¥֣ǰæţԼڼźžˡ
ӣҡҡͷЩõļϳԴ
ϣƼҸã
һӣ͸ȥתתȥ·ǴСڴ￴ժ߿㣻ȥɽϿ˸ոսѣӣС¤ĵһ춼Ȥֳʵ
ϣ·Ƽڸӣڲͷ·߹ȥĬĬؽӹƼʹųȥˣ㣬ˣҵЩңпյʱһġ
ûϵģֻǿˣˣֲԼȥ˵ѵڼ԰׷յллˣ˵ģˡ
лҾǿЩСҪǮƱȫӸǣİɣʰǵġ
ţ֪ģССûиףѾǴʵѾʼˣӰ
ģһģջţСĻȥϻˣҸȡһBûкú𣿡
ãһB֣ôءӣڻ·ȡBֵĺ壬úܺáһŮӦüǿ߽ࡣ
·ӣ˵ŻӣͷһŮ㣬ͬһӣǿƽԼصĸоָоůҡҷľƻˡ
ͷˣЪϢɣǻҪ𡣡·ëݸӣŲҵľȥϴ䣬ӣ۾ıӰЦһϷޡ
·ʱִ¹óһӣģԼһӣһһúõ˯һ
ӣⴲӾе㰭ۣð˯滹棿
˯ɡ
Уѱӷɡ


71 
˰ѵƴ˾ڴϣǼŮŨˣĺܺţ·һԼ࣬е㲻ɡӣȻû򣬵ǽ¹ܿ·ţ֪·ʲôʱŻ⡣
֪ӣҪ˯ŵʱ򣬸о·һȻһѱסߵıӺԼֿʼˣӣеЦƽʱͦʵģô˯СһҶԼġ
ڶ·ѵʱ͸оԼֱʲôģһѣȻӦôֱ˯ˣȻСİԼֽջȥӣо·ˣװ˯ģĪ뿴·ķӦȻСֽŵ·ӣ˰ŵ·ֽȻˡ
㣬ҲǣûУ˯ˣ϶ǽ~϶һ˯ϰˣȥġһӣԲ㣬ҵ˯˲ãûѹ㣿
ûµģûб˼Ƕ˶Ůӣһӱе࣬Ǳȥɡ
·ӣûţõĽ㣬㲻ͺã㱧
ӣеˣôֱ˵ֲ˼ġ
ˣ𴲰ɡ
·ϴƼѾڸӣͷˡ
ƼҸͷɣ
õĹүܺġ
ʵ·ͻͷԼͷһֱģֻҪѧһͷ
ѧĻͦ졣ӣھ濴·ַ
ٺ٣ÿƼѧһԺҾܰͷˡ
Ҳ鷳㡣ӣ̵ġ
·ֱǣӣȥˣҪ·÷϶Ǳ˯ģ֮ǰִʱԼûкýãùۣҲЩСڽ϶֣§§ģԭйָоҲҪױٸ߸ߡ
극·ʹӣСͻһȥسˣҽҪסһ·ϺһȥسǵƸסһˣϲԸš
Ҳûдˣһ·ȥһĸſڵţ·Ȱͣ£ְСַӣ³Ҹĸ·ǸģŮɫػˡ
ôԼݳӦС˼ݳŷϵȥ
ûµģֻһڳţչ˺ӣӣСġ
úãߡ
ĸںСһ㣬ϾĸŴģӣٳСĲãһֱ˵·ˣǵСƼҲܴ
ӣӣƼô
ţ̶ҿɺˣһôĽȦɺÿˣҲСһССҵСľˡ
𣿰ӴСҪúš
ţ̻СвˣˣţСԼԷŶ
İС
ԣҲ˵Сģ˵СѾǴˣñιˡ
ͷİɣǺܺãͰѼ˱Ͳҵҹˣ˵Ժҹܼҡ
ǾͺãǾͺã˵׼ĸǸĸףǿҪúТ˳
Ȼˡ
һȵĳ緹ĸӣȥԺ·ȥӣԺӣ֮ǰֻԺһ£ǵһӣĹ뷿أӣĹ뷿ڵľȻ飬ܣڵģ·һӱ߿
һߣĸò״С˯ˣͿʼӣӣӣ·ɺã
ӣ˼Ҳܸҹͱ·ҧһھû˰ɣֻõͷװߡ
ܺõģյͷҲǷġ
Ǿͺãûб˼·ڼ治һ
֪ﵣңǷĺ˲һҺСܺá
ӣԼķͿ·һڿӦõģӣʶһܵ棬·ûж涼һЩ
㣬Ҫ˯һ𣿡
ţϢһȻǴСȥһ䣬Ļǵķһ𡣡
ãҲҪȥ¥
á
·¤س½Ĺ٣ŸСĻúܿ죬Ȼ·ͱСӣһȥƮ·һţ½ƹͺһڻƸǵϲ·ʹһӸǶһǮӣ½ƹ˵¥ƹ˵һ£Ʈ¥һģ෢һǮ
¥ӣϿ˱·һߺСһߺ˵㣬ǵƮ¥Ҫ⿪𣿡
뿪ģõ˲࣬ſܻЩ
ţҲôģѾ׬ǮˣԺµĶͺͳɣƮ¥һ뷨˵һ¡
ã˵
ܲܰƮ¥ɼģʽ
Ϊ


72 
Ʈ¥ÿľӪȨ¤ˣֻҪǮΪ˷ѣָװ޼ѵԱĵ꿪ṩϺͲˣȻĵȡһرȻҲԲȡ˷ѣǺڵĳɾҪһЩأ
Ȼǲ׬еǮҲͶ̫
ԣǵʱֻҪи飬ˡ
ţ»Ҫ½һ£кܶϸҪƵģҲһʱܳɵġ
ûϵһ½ġ
ãҷġ
ҿ±ζͻģˣֻʱûǵζá
ûϵģֻҪһֱ֤ǵƷʾˣµ϶ģµģǺ£жԱ˲ԵǸɹ󡣡
·ӣص¤壬ӣͿʼ½ͨȷƮ¥ļ˷½˵ԺܸȤΪھҲһ¥һֱⶼ̫ãȷҪֳѾĴȨ¡
գ·յ˿״˵Ļţ˼Ǳµ֪ȲЩܰĹͼֽʮָˣͳ޹һڻܸ·ʲôΪһ˫ûгɹǴ»̫ҪȻ¤϶෽ע⣬εĹ͸·ţȵ˫ɹһصĽȻڹְϽоҪǮģԿ״ڻȥоĲһǧƱ
·һƱǮҲҲȥģֻǾòñ˽׶ԵĳɹҪ㱨һ£ñºϷһֱŬģǵûΪοо˫ıΪµϰա
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·ýϵյӣеʣϸϸӣ˳ȥ·ﲻ֪Ϊһ˿źֱˣ˳ȥˣȻ϶
·۾ӣӣȻ۾ԼϵϣҲԼĶѾˣţոѾ˵˸ǶˣֱۣһΧǿԵİɡ
·۾ѾӽëӾӣ촽ϣһڿˮǲԼ̫ˣ촽úó԰һԼ׵ģġ
ӣת·ı󣬡̧·彩һ£ô˵·̧ӣִ·Ҹס··оӣ΢΢ţֱֻûа취ߣӣס·ı˫·ǰߵĽʽ
·ھñҪȼˣҲǣǰ֪ôĥ˵飬ȫĳߴ꣬·оԼֳһ
·еĶӣȻû̸ûԹ⻹ûеˣǲǶӣ˲е˼·εúܣԼôô˼
ôã·Ȼ~Ҫ֪˻᲻᲻ܱ̬Ҫٶʮ;ͺˣͿףȻ׷϶Ǳ̬ġ
ӣ֪·ôͻȻͲ˵ˣڴϷǲǸո·оʲôˣѵ·ϲԼܲĥ֮¡ӣһס
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~ûоҰӣ˵ȥˣǲ̫żˣ·ߴǴ̽˼ģû뵽·ţһ¾ؿˡ
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·ڵշת࣬ӣ򱳶·ĬĬᡣ
֮˵ദģʽе֣ĸǶ˺е⣬˵ر裬رⲻӦеദģʽϣ·ӣһģսˣʲôÿϣ·һ鵽ϵˣӣü͵͵Ĩ᣻ʲôʱһ·


73 Ƶ˼
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ǵģɽȷӢѧԺӢѧԺȻӭ̩ɽˣǿԵҽѧԺԺΣ
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ǾͺãԺɲܾҵ˿Σƴǰ
ɽҽѧԺλûԺ󣬰үӾʽʼΣүӲΪҽѧ̩ɽһӦ˰׼ԼĴ򣬻кܶŷӦƸҽѧԺķӣܿҽѧԺģˡ
ʱ䵽˰¶ʮ·ĶʮպԭһģӼҪģ·ǰŰ˳׵ϲƣֻ˴Ƚ׽һ¡
ҺͰ׼ңɽЩүӺɽΪ˭·ļһɽӮ˰˸·ӹڵ


74 
һ·ʹ£·֪ԭ֮ǰӣߴ粻Ϊ£Ϊռӹڵĸˣûпӣ϶ǰġ
¶ʮһ磬˾Ƽҡ·桢ӹڵһϵиӵ̣ɽʼףʣʼӹףԻ'¼գʼԪ֣˳ɵ£ٿΩ'ټԻ'ǣ£ü꣬ܺ'Ի'֮֮̼ӶֵܾڣԳʵ£޽֮졣'ٶĿ
·ӹɣɽ֣·ΪӹΪȡ֡·Ҳ·Զسɡ˾ԡӡϷȡɣԺ󲻹κѣɵ
ɽ⣬պһС
ӹԺ·ָĸ񣬵ӹˡ
֮·Ͷһɣ˺ѾҪˣ·ЩΥͣһæµŹ꣬·ΪӹʽһתоԼǸˡ
ϣӣºͶǶó·˵仰ӣߺ
⼸գ˵Ĺϵֻůһˣӣĵһõˣ·ҲԼգ˶Żˡ
~ðɣš
·³Ƕ㴩𣿡
˵ģܺ
½⿪ҿ
ִ·Ҳûдô٣ǾǾӣǰе㺦ߣ½⿪ֻǽ⿪ˣû֪ӣǾҪҪ¶δ¶ӡ
ӣԼҪϻˣɫĶǶҶɻ·ϣԵƤϸ壬һӣĵס
·ҲҪѪˣܺʵĽ㣬𣿡ң˺ɬ
ʾͺã·ϵɡٿȥԼƲԼ
·ŶǶе㲻ϰߣӣ߻ôãӦִ°̿㣬ڴĶп㣬ûаȫС
֮ǰҲˣǰ±˾һеΪʲôҪ㣬Ժóȥ˵ľѽ~ôղ
·ֽͱʣӣһš㣬㿴ǰǲǻֹܷ´㣬϶
ӣ·Ķϸոȥĺƣ~̫ˡǸӰɣ鲼ţҪǱ֪ˣˡ
㣬ĺܺôģ㿴ڴǶǲߵĿ˾~еʹ𣿴Ͳˡ
㣬´ʱ»ͲˣҪԼһԼģһ£֪˵˼ˡһԤٰʲôġ
ǺðɡӣӦˡ
·ӣһСŮ̬ͨͨˣվǣϢɡ
ڵϣ·ѾûиտʼˣʼһܽأϾѾˣ㲻ϲǲǾ׷㣬ֻҪᣬһܴġ
ӣһֱŸոտ·⿪´ŶǶӣַԼλá
ǰĻԼԺ֮УԭԼ
·ոյӣ;һůߣʼ·Ÿոµӣ·ǹǽڷ֡
ҹû˵ǣһµģһ˲ͳ˲ӣ
ֻǻţӣͲˡȻʼգֲȥ㣬ֻİһߣȻ֪룬·᲻Լܷŵ֪⣬˯ȥ
С·֪Ļ뻹һݣӣĻѾˡ
ڶһ·ӣͷӣҿһԵˣ͵͵ȥϴˣһֱ쵽ڡ
·ʼ֮̽ãͷӣ֣һȥԷӣǣŵ֣ۿе죬һʱ·ûΪ·ԼĴŲ֪Ϊ·ǣŸĳʮָۡ
·оӣûѣϲȻǲԼġӣǸо·ůǣԼеı


75 
Ժ·ÿӣЩݰģЩʱһЩʱһ
ȥӣϲԵĲˣӣ֪Լûио·ǲҲеϲԼģ
·⼸һֱһ˵Ȱ޻ѹѹȻͩͣٹ˳͸ɫ
˺üֽͲͩͣԺóɣ濾ͩȼգ濾¶Ȼ̫ߣһ·Ū˺ü죬ͩʹã׾Ƥ
ȻûмķƼüʼˮԺͷ©ԣѡˮֲ©һڵǲ©ˣ϶ǲеġ
־ü飬·һȽĳƷõķǰѹ޵Ϳ㽺ýݹͩ͵Ĳܣһ飬㽺һߵλá
ƷǿǿǳɱеߣֻʱҵĲٸĽ
ʱȥҵвҩ޻һ󣬾ԤƲǿϧҲֻвϵĸ˲õϾ̫ˡ
ӣոջطͿ·Ż͵͵߽ôԼһ
·ȰŹߵӣߣӻСó㣬㿴ö
ӣ﷭ȥӲûпô㿪ڵˣʲôöҿ
´ӣϰѶ¡
ôʲô˵ġ
Ӧʲôʱ˵
~У˵˵ˣ˵ɡ
㿴״ʱ֮ǰҸ㻭ǸϣµʱϣͲһ·ӣʵ˶©һԵģϴòľңɾĺܣ׵òպЩҩģʲôֹİ׵İ˵㲻㡣
ôʲô´˶ˣô
ⲻΪǹŮӵĽǲľҶ಻ɾ֮ǰҾģǸʱûںãöණҶҲԭϣоҲóãϾӣ¶͵͵ģڲһˣں͹һоǴöµĲϣⲻ԰ҴڻҲŸģ⼸ţ֪ĺôˡ
˵ʲô鲻Ҫߡӣ֪·ǲСʱƸģû˽ЩðһЩ׵ĻҲ֪ߡ
㣬ǶŮӣԼķ˵ģûϵɡ
ҪǷ˺졣ӣŤ·Ķ䡣
ý㣬ý㣬ҿ϶ȥ˵ģȰԣúãʱ͸ƹƼһ£˵ǡģԺͳҲֻҪһɵУɱеߣ˵Ҷ˵϶ȥĵģֻгǸȥ
ˣ֪ˣҵСӲ⼸ˣ˸㣬⼸Ƭ̫ٸҶЩ
õĽ㡣
˼ӣͰѰƽеƼֹһ硣
ӣɶ۵ĿˣеĶ࣬Ȼ½
ͦˣȥҸ˵ԼأҲûһ⼸ҵСӣǽҺȡ
½Ȼ·ҲǷ·ԼϵĲӦΪġ~
ˣ͹ˣǲ˵ǰ𣿡
ⲻʵôСĲ©˯Ҳһҹһҹģ˯úһЩˡ
֪ˣһ֪ģ޵ķʸˡֻҪĶ϶ǿɿģҸӹȥϢ㣬Ǽҷһ㣬ôһ㹻˭á
һҲֻųһЩ˽֣㻹ûõġ
~⸱ɫѵģ
ǵȻˣҷõķ
ˣ˵ˣʳ³ˣٲʳԲȥˡ
ӣСӹˣ·һ¡ܹԼܡ
·վӣͷ˶£ӣʼ˵ϴλǸˡ
·ŶôôǲǺ
ţǺھʹţ뿴𣿡ӣعͷ··ڵСˡ
һС˵ܿ俴𣿡
һС˵䰡ϱ俴˵ⲻ㻭ģ϶ֻҪһĺòá
ԶԶԣ϶ҿúòá
~㡣·˵ͷʼˡ
~ΪʲôҪʱ~·С
Ұ㿴ĺϲʣûʲôҪ޸ĵĵطĵһ˽ս·ֵ˵ѾмˣƵ᣻·Լһ䡣


76 Ѫ
ӣҲӿˣ˵ȥĻͲջˣ̧˫֣Ľ⿪Լ¡
·۾ĴӣƵǣ£ɫ°״毺õһԣмĹֲѿӣʵ
׵Ĵ簡·ϰµġ
·һѪӿϣְӣ·£Ȼ͸оԼıǼҺһȻǱѪ
~ӣԼܺߣһֱҿ·ʮ󵨵ʱ֪ô·ʲôӦǿ·ڵӣ⡣
·ӣŴԼȻѪĵҿӣһۣȥϴֹѪȥˡ
·ʱӣѾڴˣ·ܰգһ߸Լ̵һ룬ոԼǲŵˣԼûи˵úܺãܺÿÿ벻롣
·ˣʣ˯𣿡
ûءӣֻǲ֪ô·ȰԼڱովһ£ھ̫ˣôô󵨵顣
ĺܺãܺÿ㴩Ÿÿ·ûӦøһԼʧ񣬵ǲӣʧ
ӣߵûҽӣô~ô~Ǹ˼ɣֹڿ·Ҳڿ
·ˣһΣ·ѵʱɵģӣһ˫ʪ۾Ȼ촽·ٶٿһ㡣
Ժ·ӣĹϵ˺ֻܶ࣬ҪһദðۺݣҲǼ
˭ûȿͱ㴰ֽ˶ܿ˵ı仯һ֣·ʱ򻹻ӱ§ӣ֮СҲĺܶࡣ
ϰ·йѯʣ·Ӱҿͺӣǳˣ
~˵ʲôأ㲻һ𲻶𣿡
ʲôԣǱǳɹ׵ˣҲŮи㵽ϣﲻ֪жˡ
ллһûкӣӣһء
ôأҿǸܺð
£ӣӣֻǰҵýã˵ҡ
˵ﲻӦò˵飬㲻ҪͿӣôõĹ˿ɾûˡ￴ӣҲûпܽ㡣
ǰɣҲõĶ𣿡
ţһʱ֮䲻ӦҲܷҪһЩܽˡ
ţлл֪ôġ
Ȼô˵·ʼæµ˫ҪʼˣѽҪʼֽˮЩо켸طصܡ
ӣƮ¥˵Ҳ˺Ϣ̸ܴİͼһЩ
һһĹȴϢˮ࣬ΪˮԭԼһЩҪĥգĥˮԲĥͿ˺ܶ࣬ˮоʹõľ¤޵·
ó˰·ؿʵ׼ʯӣڼˮ࣬·ںӱɳӣɳʯˮఴһı裬ںʵ·ϣģѹʵ
ܿһɫƽˮ·ͳˣ·궼û࣬õһº
·ĸ࣬·ֱӴˮ˾ҰˮڽеĹ㷺öдһӸ״ˡ
ȥһǸʾһҪھˮĻֱӰæ·߾Ͳˮˣ֮ǰֻԼõĻã¤϶ǲеģ۳Щ̫Ӱ¤廷
̲Ǻ˳Ϊ·ѾȥŸ״ˣϣܰѹռĲͬĽʯһЩ¤壬ܲЩϽ
үӺͰѾöоˣΪûֻĿԣڶϻУϷ졣
Ҳ·˵ЩĶȤĿǾҽѧһ·֪һḶ́ϾûҽܶҺĶûУֻС͵ߵĻܶά֡
оʲôصԶģǽһС㣬˾ܽôһ㣻Զܵ͹ǻۡ
֪ʱ·ӣææµµйȥˡ
ʱʮ£͵ȶʼջ·ľ̤Ȼ糵ˡ
·ӣЩʲôʺš
һֲǴһڴװһдնһͲһ״ˣ©мһԲĶӣһȿڣΧȦ벻


77 
԰ҲûĶũ߷ҲǲǿʶҲ
ˣүҪż˸ʾһǾ֪ˡ
·һľߣֱһѵȣ߸߾ľڲһ˦Ⱦһ룬ٶΣϾ͸ɸɾˡ
~ǸģҲ̫˰ɡ
ǰΪϣһһ£~~~~·ͽнС
ˣүѹȵľͲΪ˷ֹұĳȥģǼյҿҶð鳶̫ˣ鷳Ҿͻȥһ°취·ǽ͡
ƴˣӹȻǵӺãⶼܱ뵽أʲôãѾ·Ͷصˣ˵һЩ
·ŵһľѾ岮ΧˣһԣҲ£ʼڶȻߵĳ˵ôá
ǾͿһһѵȣ˽Ų񴬽һľ壬мͿʼһȥһʱ䣬ֻʣˡ
˶вסˣűߵĵӾ͹ȥѳԼһ
ģ~ֱ̫ˣҪ˵ݵȣĶء
ϰʽˣԼ׻ôˣ˷˶ʱ
԰һԼʶ㣬˭֪Ȼǹªˣƴˡ
ԡ
ԶԶԣԡ˼״׷һ
˶ǵûһҡ糵ء
·Сӣβǰæү˵ôõģ
ԶԣòǣҸϸæ
˵øһ£ڵȻûɹɣڳճڱԺ׻˵ôã
УôӵĶԲܻˣƴˣ鷳ǽһ
λ뿴Ȱɹɵʳ©ٰСڴסȻǳ©ʱ߾ͿʼҡҪֱҡɲҡˣȥӲݺͿտˣԺĥҲȥ׿
߲Ű߲ţƴһݡ˲֪·ôЩģһоũҵˣ֪Щж󣬶Զ
ǰ·СӣҲǧǧллˡۿˡ
ˣүⲻҵ𣿶ΪЧ¼ȻҹҾЩ顣
ԣǱ»ʶӢ۰¶߻ۣƴ˲Ӧһֱҡֱϣġ
ˣү̤ȻľûбҪģ̤ȻӣҲ߳ܶࡣľͲһˣҼһ𣬶ûУҪάάޣһüˣһľһ
úúã˵öԣ̫ˣ׻ľʵڣ·С㿼ǵúܵҵȻȥľﶨһ
ԣҲȥ˵컹ܸá
żλ岮ǣ궼ãǿַʹãǱþˡ
Ǹã̤ȻܰǴĵȫˡ
¤ҼһЦȻû·һ˫ӣȵճɲƼҵĺãҲ߲ܶࡣ
Ǯ˰¤ѡǮģȾԼҳԣ·ĴȻ˽յӵʱ䣬Щð
ǧ֮ĳϣб࣬ޱ˳
׷£ࡣ
ۣŶ~
׷£ջׯʼսĵȣ˾ϴƴ˻ͼֽĴȻЩ˻ׯյȵʱ䡣
ۣϸϸ˵޶ưķʵȤ
׷ǣ¡Ǹľ۵ʺͨϰռƹ㣬Ȼ۵ͣʹ÷㣬ʱ䳤һĶңǳĽʡν̤ȻҪһЩʺڵũׯĵطƹ㣬˲һʮĶңȥʵҡ糵ɸѡȿտǣԺȥ׿׵ȶũﶼкܴáⲻ򵥵ߣǴũҵһ
ۣãƣҹȻʼƹߡ·ͻƽаƥ
ڴ󳼣ʥ
·ߴСڳλôһ¯С¤Ժ˺ܶ࣬ŴСһ棬˶һȣں·һԺ͡
ú氡ǲ͸ʲô
Ҫһ¯ԺͿԸСóԵˡ
ۣСҪԡ
ţһ·һҪӵĶС֮ǰѾһ㽿¤Ժ˵Ҳ˵øˣСڵекӵĸоˡ
˱֣ࣻӣԺ￴ͣرС޲ˡ


78 
ˣ·Ūôϴ
㣬İɣȻŪþˮһ͵ˡ
ú棬Ҫ𣿡
ɣû취Ȼϴɾ
á
ȵڶˣ·ʹСںԺóԵģ⡢ɡ
÷ɲձ·ԹСǵˣرǶԵʳϲòˣȻĸӣҲϲԡ
·Ϊ˿ҪΪ˸ӣյ⣬͵͵Կεߣͦɹģеãҿ󡣲ʱҪͣҪһ
ܿʱ͵ʮ³ߣӣ졣·Сһ緹ڳæȻСֻǲ룬С첲СȵҲʲôܻĵųԡ
컹Ҫͣ·ר˰æһ˴ʵ̫ʹˣڳæһ硣
̫óˣСԡζСôôóԵʳƶһ
Сԣ㿴ﶼûأ㶼ȳζˡССģ·һִת
Сֻһ㡣СָȻһ㡣
Ȼ׳СٳԺСʱ򣬵ҲСַܾ֡
˵㻰ллҵʱҪǶԺ𣿡
ȻˣĺǶʱһĵô
~õĵСȻСѾܶ໰ˡ
ЩѵĵûһˣϷֻСĵööζ
һ棬ҲѾͷǮֻ˼淵ĵ׷һ壬ˡ
ˣȥϴ֣ȥԷȳ˷ѵ˳Ҫ͵һŶ
õģСף֤񡣡
ϴ֣·ǣСһȥãΪӣ˵ˣҲ䷹ƼҵĲ˺ܺóԣںӣǺѣԲȡ
Ůڳһ磬ҪʲôóԵĸǳԣӣСͷ󺹵ġ
ûûУ˼ҳˣȻԵ㡣·ӣĵ˵㰮Եġ
ӣһۡ˵˵ʲôأû·ӣģˣﶼģָԼ
ӴӴӴûԷأôҳԷƿüȥģ̲סˡ
ҲǶЦֻҪǹúãԼŮҸʲôҪ
ȳѲ˶ˮţ⣬ŶȻӣԵĲˡҲǿҪƼҵĲ̫óˣҲǳԹ͢ŵˣǹ͢Ŵ嵭̲ʵڲĿڸ֮
ƣɰһղݿϧˣ~ǼҶҷˡӣӣĽˣͳգ޸
ӣ԰ɣóԵĻ²ס졣
ƣǾ۸¼ҹ˰ɡ
С̣ҪǾúóԣ;ǼҰֻ֪вˣСԺСһ̸Ҽвô
ӣСǲɵ㿴ԳӣвˣԺԣû˳ˡ
Сģкܶ˵ģеˡ
ƣСĺŮ
·ˣԺҶһٱףнн񳯡
˸߸˵ĳ극궼ˣ·ȥ˳˵⣬Сһֱȥʱʱ⣬·תǴŵȥӭȻ˰ѵϵȼ
ף֣ף֣ף㽡ףҸףиͥ
ӣһɫĶ滹иɫĻдŽ㣬һŤŤף֣һ·СһдģҪˡ
㣬һԸȻˣԸ˵ŶӣҴҴ۽ǡ
á
Ү~ԳԵˡ
㣬⣬·ӣỮӺӣ֣ѵ⻮ɼ顣
ƿˣⲻֻǶ볤֪ûһҽŮء
ƣԵ⡣
ãӣӣף֣
ллҹĵ
ǰаˣǲرҸ
̣Ե⣬ÿɺóˣСԡ
úãС㣬Ȼšոʳ
ۣлл̶̣ˡ
ɣ⵰ͦóԵģʲô㲻ģ
ⶼ츳
˵㻹ˣӣӣܹӣĸ첲·Ǹ־е㰭ۡ
ˣˣôóԵĵⶼ²ǵ졣
~˺ߵĶתͷȥӣеЦ˶ͦɵġ


79 ֮ҹ
군⣬ƻʳװһСߣСľͲһˣӣ֪ƻһ棬·ЦĻ֦Ҳġ
·ϴҪ飬ĿƺСˣȰһ߾ʹæӣˡ
˶ϴ꣬·ӣͷӣںͷһ٣óһӣͷϡ
һԽľӣһ˵ϢĵʧŮ˵ģÿλôԼоڵԼһҪȥðյ̽ռң·Լĸӣ˵㣬֡
ӣȡһ£ͷһӣϸϿƽʱգӦ·ġ
Լ𣿡
ţòǺܺãԺҸÿġ
Ѿܺˣյõлл
·ϥӣӣ
㣬л˵·ʱǳţ࣬һ˿ǳ֪˵ȥԺûлӣôܲܺദӣ΢Цݣһʱ֪ôڣһᡣ
ţءӣЩԤУϾʱദܸоĳ֮Ĺϵڷ΢ı仯
㣬~ϲ㣬ܸܲңһһ~·һȫ˵ȻͷȴʵС
ҡӣļ֣·ĶҪˣһ˲쵽ϣһʱ֪֯Լԣո˵Ҳϲģ·¾ܾҲӣѵ⣬סӣ졣
㣬ȱ˵żܾң֪ԼҲܰգôãҾȻзǷ֮룬Ȼ㿴ְɣңҲһʱĳ嶯ĺϲ㡣ԼӦԺϲ˾ͺġֻҪһ뵽ԺϲˣԱЦԱԱ~ҵľͺʹܲһᣬұǸˣϲңҪϲˡ
ӣ·еҵӣȸԾԷЦҲ룬ǰֻҪһ뵽ԺԱ˺ãΪˣǣ˵֣ҲҪġ
ӣ·Ŀ·۾ģģ·
ҪѴ˿̿ޱί·ڻҪԼҲôϲʱԼĵǵͳͳ˿ʵж֤
·ӣ۹ⲻԾӣĴϣӣסͻľٶǸ˼·ȵ۾һҶסˣɽ촽ӣĸס۾˵
һ㡣
·˽⣬۾ϣ˫ַӣͷǣһǱϣ˵Ķͷ֡
ҵһյ˺þˡôô
·ֻԼҪըˣ˼ҲϲԼ˼ɡ
ԭһֱڵԼĻӦԭԼģҽôˣ·ֻ˿̰Щ׽뷨ʵ֣ںͽ´
˲ܵʹã¾ֻнҲν
·վӣ𣬿ԼϣٴסӣĴ˺þúþõĵط
˲ڼ򵥵ǣ·ͷ׽ӣ⣬һʱ˶һ㶶һ£û뵽ôĸо
·ֻӣеĶζζȻһζһ˾޷·һֱѰζ޷ݵԸΪ֮һеĵط
оԼ˶ҪˣӣϢӿѾҪܺˣ᲻÷ſ·
˷ֿ񶼻ڱ˴˵Ĵϣʪĺģֵ·񷺺죬˿̶дϣӣͿ첽ȥ
ӣڴϣӣ·Ĵָ·촽ϣʶһԼĴ
·ĸһӣĴһ߿ʼӣ··ָһ𻮹ӣļ⿪¡
ӣһ׺ɫ£ԴԺúôûڴǶһ׺ɫģĵӣ֬Ĵ·ļⶼʼ
Ϊ·ϰˣһ㱡ļ룬ӣо˫ԼߣһҲôֲںͲȫʹս
·̧ͷӣ㣬~ ˿·˵Ļ
ӣס·ס촽˵


80 ѳʱ
·˿̾ԼʱΪϵͽһһ糯Լеʥء
ʱΪѲصĹһһԼĹ
Ъӵԡ
ӣ·֪ҸոʲôԸ
֪
Ը꣬׵ϡŸոոԼ촽ӣ֪ԭ뷿֮־˳٣ǰδй顣
㡣·뵽ոӣ϶£̲סʲô
紵ˣһ˸߹һˣȼ¹˴Ӱ
ӣ˯ȥ·ʰ˴죬Ҳӣһ·õʱ˯еӣ﷢ϸ~·ӣ˰˷ǽˣúõϢɡ
ڶһӣڱĺϼ˶̫ˡ·Ǻܿģ쿪ʼȫӵ˽㣬﷢һϧ۰
·ĵҪӣӣֱ㡣
ˣǶˡ
ý㣬һ°ɣһ¡
˵һ£һµʱ䳤һ㡣·ڿĵú޲ӣ·ãȫĶʮТ÷ӣӦ
Լˡ
ôУҹˡ
ˣܲܲҪ˵Щ
㣬ֻǵĹ뷿
Ҳܹߣһȥ˵˳ô죿
úúã㣬Ҫˣӣ仰ߵҪԼ鶯֮ʱҲô˵ġԺֳָ龰ֺˣϵ˼
ӣýĻԽ˵Խ𾢡
Сýռպ֣һĸвˣͲֱιˣ̿ŵЦü۵ģһͨģ˵ĽţǵЦĺܿġ~ǵøˣǳԷɡ
·յĺӣһӣڿ˱˲ˮģԵСʳҪιӣӣⲻС·ָ⡣
·ܼûڣǰ͵һ£۷ΧȴȤСϷ
Сһ𣬿ССС;͹Եš
պҴһҵȻǿĵģ㲻ʲôֻҰ
㣬ģȻҵġ
~ܲܽҷ˻ӡһ䶼ȥˣǰãû⣬һ;úߣܾĳƺӦ˵˽ܡ
㲻ϲ𣿡
ղС
ðɣоͲУ~~
·ýзҲ
һ㡣
Ϊֵ⣬Ҳòȥ
ˣΪˡ
ӣͶǼ˱ɣ̫˳Ÿˡ
ʵҲԸ·İɡе뿴·ŵӣ϶Ҳˡ϶ͲôˣҪúоˣַôء
Ũʱ۸·ĵķҲˣһĲƥ޳ӦоС·͵Ķĸպãͽɿˡ
ϣѽ㿴ӣҲ̫ˣСʮʡ
ӣǰ㿴ƥⰵɫĻƣҲʡ
ϣԣҲһһģ׼͹ȥ
·Ǿƥġ
ϣ͵ģһǵТֲһǿĿġ
·ûƽȽϺÿû뵽ҲܷƣͦõģȻԼԽˣƽұȽϺãϾ͵Ļƽплʼרӡǡ
·͵˺üյ͵ˡ
ѾˡҪʼժѾˡ
·ԼֵȫժȥɽһˣɽҰҲժһȺˣ춼լǱϴѣһǶѧˡ
·ע⣬ˮ΢ϴһ¾ˣɲܰİ˪ϴˡ
·磬Ϊʲôǲǲɾ𣿡
·͵͵ظ㣬ѾƵĹؼطˣ˵Ҳžˡ
һգǲǿԺȾˣ
·ǲŶȾˣ
һѾƲǲǵʱͳˡ
·~ãǴҶ
ˣҮ~лл·硣
æµ˺üһؽѵѾƣѾƣ·ɾ͸ھ͵ŷɣˡ
ѾƸһ䣬·ʱûкͽһ𣬲УҪȥһ磻·ʼʰӣȥԼᡣ


81 Ȫ
ˣһȥɽɣ
ɽʲôģ
߰ɣ֮ǰɽϵһѨ﷢һȪˮʺ衣
𣿡ȻȪ̫ѵˡ
Ȼˣȥɽסһٻ
ӣ·ǣ϶ֲɾˣԴӻļԺ󣬾ûһŵģǰôûзôɫء
߰߰ɣ⼸ղȥȵյΪûʱˡ
û˵ȥʵԼҲͦġ
Сһȥɽ棬С͵Ȼ˾ͱŰɽȥˡ
һ·һߴֻҰߵһӣ߲ˣϾֻͨŮӣûôõ
·ͱӣߣӣ·ıϣ߶Ƿˮ·
оһǰ˺£·ôһ·һ¸ּ㣬ȻŮӣȴϵκһжһ̻֮Ůܼ޸ҡ
ӣóԼӸ·˰ɣϢһ°ɡ
ûϵģҲۣǵȻһϢ
ɣߣһЩҲЩ羰ӣ·۵Լ÷һŮȫ̱ԼҲҪ۵ġ
ãߣջء·ӣӣһ¶ͷĺ·׽סӣ֣һ¡ллˡ
˵ʲôء˺ԶӣˣȻ·ͣӣļϣԼȥЩܳԵĹӻڰóһ鲼ڵϣְӣˮϣаıӺ±ⶼó
Ϣһ£Ե㶫
ãҲ
·Ŵӣӵڻ˿ɽķ羰Щӣ·Ļ˯ˡ
·ıӣĿϵ⼸ն˵һ֮ǰʧܸлӣܽ
Ϊ¶·ʵûаȫУԼҲǹ滹ǹ¶ԱģӣҵĻӦĸ飬¼ŵһˮһ֪ôԼϲֻܾԼܣӣá
ӣԼ̫ãõˣ·ֺγأӣľ꣬һ⡣
·°ͷӣͷϣ۾ֻǱĿһ£ûҰ⣬˯˻᲻ȫʱ̱ž衣
˰ʱӣתѣԼ·ĻȦס·
ûѹ㣿
ûУô᣻оһ𣿡
źöˣǿԼˡ
ţûкԶˣ߰ɡ
˲ʱ͵һĶڣ·ôĵԱߵٶһ£ȻóѣȽȥһûʲôܹ۲һɾˣٳӣ
֮ǰɽҩʱֵģΪȽԶҲΣɽȽεһλãرϸѰңҵط
붴һξֱַַСһȪȽϿһûУ·ӣʱӭһơ
ڶĳطһͨڣȻǹ񹤣˶ʱоķ߾ͿһȪۣһɵĳζ
˰Ѱ·ͺӣˣҪ׵ţһסڣֹжһסλãˮ󣬻Ҫһ򵥵񴲡
ǶŮ֮ǰһãԼǿ׳ܵ˳ӣҪһЩֱ˯ڵϣ·ææµµӣڶڱ߱˫ȣóݺͰĽ
ǲǺûðʲôᡣ
ôᣬǼô¥ȥһʣ˭˵·ķûá
ʲôﲻ㰡 
￴ңǶİôҿ;ȫˣҸʲôС
컬ࡣ
㣬㲻ô룬óĶһһһⲻǺܺ𣿶һСϰ䣬ܱ㣻ҪôҺ˽ɽ档
Сѧɡ
һһ䣬ܿ·źʹΪֻˣӣû˺ܶ࣬˵Ҳûǰн
ӣ·ܶ⣬СϰߣĿǻ˽Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ·ܼ¸ңԽ׵˵Щ˿ĳɳ̣ӣԽǶۣҪԺúõİӱֲһЩϵȱʧ
˻һȥ˲ժҰʹ
·Ϲϰ쿳٣ΪӺľͷҲȽ͸Ķѡ
·ǿͣȻ˻ӣ£ԡۣӣ·Ҳף·ǵһδȻйܶܵΪǻе㺦ߣ·ӣһȥȪ


82 Ȫ

ѽȪ˶Ҳкôġ
ҽ濪ģùЩùܱ˵۹⡣
һ£һѾƣǿԺһ㡣
ãȥðɡ
ӣ·ˮվˮ黮ǰ
·ĸĲһݵĸеģ·ǴСϰԭ򣬸м⣬ͳһ~Ȳǿ׳Ҳֱֳġ
ӣÿ϶ˮ̫ʢҲһԭûкȾƣ͸оͷеεġ
·һƺһƱˡ
һƱôȰ
·ƤЦ˵㣬ǳв㣬һƱȽϺôһ㡣
ðɣ㵹һȡ
·ѾƵھƱƱһڣҲʣӣĴӣͶˣһ㲻Źռ˵Ļᡣ
Ҳãε·ԱߣȦ·ȥ·ľƣ˺껹һʽǡ
˱һ˵˵ЦЦȪԸ뿪Է벽
㣬ԺСһЩǱһȥķɣȥϿ̻£ȥĮֱȥԭһȥأú𣿡
·ýӣⲻһļоؼֻǶˣ̫ϲֻԷĸоˡ
ðʱȥԺܶܶʳ
ţǶˣҸݳ
ãҴСϲʳǳôȴ¤ûг
ûϵԺҶȥģȥȥ
ӣƱһھƣ͵ЦţҲѧһûʣ·ϻ⣬סӣ죬žơ
ӣֿʼʵΪŸոտ·ĸӶˣ̽һ
ǲЩżˣ
ǵģֻһĸ
·յӣĶߣﶼǿԵģϾ˶ǽġ
ҿ𣿡ӣʵһֱ̫ңѾСˣ·һһԺء
㣬˭ʸ񡣡·еӣĵġ
㣬Ⱳӳ㣬ˡ
·סӣԼ׼ⳡ飬ӣǲǽֻ֮ʱǧԺƬϣкܶ࣬ʽİƽȵġ
ӣ·֮ǰһֱӢģʵģ˫ձˮѬͨ죬˫ĿԼ˫۾ڿһЩʲôָ··
û˵һĸ߹
㲻Ҫҷ贶
·~ӣ·ָ·ĺףסȻִ·ĲӼһ·£·һƤ
ӣһ·ȷԼ䣬·ˮرߣһ·ͣһᣬȻ
ˮԸסˮµķ羰·ɫ죬ҧס촽ĿסԼҪӣ·Լߵòۡ
·Ҫ£Һϲϲҵһ
ӣ·Ķ·оߵ
·һ߽~羰Ļ
ӣıס·õ˼㣬Ǳ˴˵ˡ
·ֺᰡ
㣬Ұһࡣ
㲻
ʲôúģ飬ǵĶܽȻˣϢɡ
Ȼոӣź·ԼҲѾ鶯û·á
·һ»ӣֱӱӣԼϣˮĸӣ·ƮƮģӣ䣬Ϊµȥ˫ȽĲס·
ˮ·ӣؿջһƵ⿪µĴӣ¶ߡ
·˫ӣöԼӣһ˫ֱס·ͷԼͷ΢΢﷢ϸϸ
ˮ˶רעͶ롣ֻǶˣΪⳡ׼׼ǵ壬׼ǵꡣ
ӣһ~˱һϢ
㣬~
ƽҲ𣿡
ûʱ̲ת˿òɷ
Ȫһ󣬻󻹻ఴĦһ·űӣȪ˰·ãӵһҹߡ
ӣѵʱ·ժһҰ
㣬͸~
㰡˺Զ𣿡ӣӹһ¡
ûУڲԶĵط㻹أҲԶġ
ԣ뿪ߡ
һ簲ǣ˶Ȼʰ׼ȥˡ
ӣվɽʵԺǻ𣿶ʱ϶ӣ̫ϲˣ˽ܸкǿ·ĵһΣ·ĵһΣˮĸо̫ˡ
ãʱ򻹴


83 
ãʱ򻹴
˱߱ͣһ·˵˵ЦЦͻشȥˣ·ҰҰ·˳ִ˼
˼ͿĸСżϣСֳԴһܵǶǰףǲСǲҪСˣ
·϶±СȻСԼŮӣھеСĴܾ·һֱСʣ·ĻԼģǰȥСӹ
޲ޣСôԣҺ͵ô᲻Ҫأ㿴ӡ
ΪʲôСһȥأСԼȥ׽
ΪС̫СˣץӣСһЩٴȥʱǲףòã·Ц͵͵Ŀӣһۡ
˵СҪܺ͵ȥɽϡ
С꣬ʱͿȥˡ
ҲǣȥͺС˵ûˣҲԵ٣Ҳ˵ˡ
ˣԺȥﶼ˵ġ
·ӣһۣеΣС֪ԼǺһ޵ƼҵģûаȫУ˻ȥ棬е㻵
˱Сһٺú壬ֳŵСȥǺ«źá
Ȼ·λԺһ˵ˣ˫＾ҲʼոˣվһȺ׽˺·վ﹡Ͽ
ƴˣһӦòһٰǰϲƴˡ
ˣˣͬϲͬϲⶼһŬĽ
ƴ˾ĪǫˣˮջҵȾҪȻؾˣԺƴлһҪϷ򡣡
˵ǣƴˣԺǣһȼչˣڴԵҲסҲá
λ˿ˣ֪⵾ܸܲ
Ҫɣȥһ¡
ˣҲˣȴȥǰɣλˣҸ״˵һǻֲõܸܲٽĵ֣ǺüоһܰѵȵĲϷ
ƴ˵Ļһ
˵ȣλάúãȻһҪһЩ
ȵպãλߣ·ͿʼרĺҵоϽ
ƻţ˵ϴθȥĶĺãǰҲڣãûʲôģûкõ´ÿ¶ǳ㣬Ϊͷۡ
ʺʱ䳤ֻҪéޣҲ㣬͸ƻţϣܺӣԽ콨Խãᾡǰġ
Ȼ˽ӵţһֻƬﶼûһòãЩģ̴ӣ
ӣ֪Ҳĺʹ
ƣõȷʹ࣬Զһ¾ͷҲ˻ԭλأųأӣ·һԺҲĹ˴ĵļ尾̣Ƕ¸һ
㲻ףͬǲһģȻǶޣ·Ӱһ㣬ǲ׵۹⣬ǲֵ˴ڵġ
˵Һ·ŮӣҲԸһģҲԸģమһӣùɷĹ涨ǵ۹⣬ԼܿƵģమ˭Ҳܰѱ˴˷ֿ
𣿡
ӣĳ˵ƣϲһˣһԱͲϲԲӻŮӣ㶼ϲ
ԣ˵ĶԣϲΪǳҲӻŮӣֻΪ
ԣҹɣϣԼѡֱ˵ĸѡ˵Ҳڵ뷨
лл㣬ӣһһԵġ
ӣò׼һԺͬ·һˣдĸ飬ôϣ˶ճɾ
˼·ҵһߣǶȥҰүӺͰơ
׹ǾүӿҶһ
·ͰƽܡֻһЩ֪ʶҪĻҪǶλо뿴ֹѪǯѪǯǯ
ҽȴӶС˿ڿʼѧϰ֣ǿԿƶַģǸͺܸˣϾǸС˿ֻһ㣬ҪĤ⣬Ƥ㣬ࡣ
ɰǴӺε֪Щģ
Ҳ֮ǰһҽ˵ġ
¾Ȼ˾ҽ
ţŻܺѪⳤһķߣҽհܴҲйϣܼоЩߵʱκε⣬߾ûԸҲܴ˵һֵ룬ܰҩҺֱעѪܻܸõıգӶﵽҩĹЧ


84 
ɣ˵Щ֪жôΣո˵ĽĤ⣬Ƥɱܶˣܶˣ֪
·սϿôԱ֪Щ
˵һλҽ˵ģҵͣȻһգҲֻǲɱѣֻ֮ǰҲˣÿҽ˵ÿоһֱ˵ڶʵ顣
֪ɣ˵Ļ͵ˣԺ㲻ط˵𣬾ԺоͻҲ֣֪Ϊ𣿡
ƣףлˣұоЩͲΪֻǲԸʿܿ࣬ƵĲȴֻܵһССĴȴȡǵ
·ΪһֱȻ֪ŴսϵԱЩֻһССĵڣΪȾֱ֫
̫ϧˣǲֹһһͥ
֪˲֪ǰ׼κ飬ֻǰ׼ҿ϶սһҽܳܵģĭܰ
֪ллѣԺһеġ
ԣɰʲôûоҲҰ׼û֮Ǵ̫˼˻Ὣħ֮һȶǰ׼ҿʼоҽĿתҰ׼㣬֮ʲô⣬ͨƺƷȥѯ㣬ʱȱҽѧԺߡ
·м˼ǲˡлλά֮ꡣ
ûû£±Ұ׼ռˡ
үӲˣǶġ
ƣɻȥɡ
ư·͵棬ѹ·˵ģһ߳
ƣˣ²Ȿǰ׼ҵоֻǺ̸ˡ
ãɣҰ׼ҳ顣ƶ·ľֶ˼֡
·ȥ·ϳһ亹Ժʲôоرҽʱ̫Ķ˵ˡȻ֪ͱץʱܼġ
¹·͵˺ܶ࣬ÿ춼ڼˣżСȥɽתתڡŹʮ죬ϫhһּ̾ͽ¤塣
·ԡ㣬ڰӭʥּ
ˣʵԻ·ҵҵڿҿң߲һ֮оũߡΪİ֮ߪ·ΪԱɣ빬ݣմˡ
ϲƴˡϴǸСƴ˿ɲˣ˫߲óϵĴǶը˹Щũߣʦ˵¹Ц˺óһʱ䡣Ҹ߲˫Ǻöƴܾ꣬ܳԱý̫ˡ
లˡ
ˣƴˣ֪¤ûڣ
Եȡ
·Ͽ뵽ǰ֪ǺҪټŵֱ£·һ·
¤
λ˼ңغ£´͡
Ͽ˼Ҳˣʴȣ׼㲻򡣡
µ˼ƴҪо߲⼸Ķؿɲϣ֧ƴˣ¤ﶼƴһֳָ߲ʳ⳯͢ʮһȫչ
꣡ǹˡʹ·ָ߲ģڱ¾ȻҪʮһչⲻǸȫǮ
˼λҪʼƹԣֺ㵾ȣûа취ƴһоǱµĶ䣬ڸػкܶϰճԲϷȱʳʱȱ߲ĵ֣¤ĴһҪΪء
ǣһƴֺÿһ굾ȣ˷ÿһ߲֡
ţԺ¤ɾĵĵ֮Դˡ
ƴˣúӼһݣ㿴Ҫ׼
⣬еͻȻ·Լһ׼ûС
գ빫¤Ϣգպ¹һ
ãӼϴ̫æؾԺټûºúý¤壬Ǿ鷳մӼҺúڴתת
鷳鷳
·ѰźԺ󣬻صԺ
ͿϫhͰƸӣԺȲ裻ĹӻһϮװ
ĹҲˡ·˵ĸк
ϫhѽƴĹģƷˡ
·ֿɱȡЦ£ǱµĶ䡣
·ӣ˵ˣҽݣպҪ
ôż𣿡ӣϲˮһһϫh


85 
ϫhƴ˲ؾţ˴ȥǺ£ʱԻ˰ƴˡ
ӣȻĹ˵Ǻ£Ҿ͸һȥɣ½ǰղ˵¥ҪҵҪҪȥ
˴Ժ飬֪к·Ը·ȰѳͰٺӣú˵
ƴˣûʲô£Һôãͷķֺǿɻûùһءϫh䣬ƾͰ϶ŵĺӵݸӣ
⼸µķֺ죬оǺӣðƵݸҵǸҺܸȤ֪ƴ˺Ʒô
Ƕһ·ĶΪкܶϡŹֵ뷨ӣͰƾ飬ϫhһ֣뿴ô·ӣоŮӵֶͷһ˵
ܶĿܣһԼվӵʱȻһͷ·ദ־֤ʵһ¡
·һӣһЦ
¶˵ġ
ϫhŶ~ƴĶôƷ̸أ
ӣҲߵģҪôһ̸°~
Ƿһ壬һ·볤ʲô˼ôƣⱾ͸úͽŮ̸ɣѵѾµҵ~
ϫh۲·Σ޳ûкᣬƤ𪣬ѾʮȷŮ
㿪˵ʮŮװսССսʼʱȫԣ˵ŮƱһ˵սʤҲ˺ͣԴ˾ûһԹԣڣȻƹʮƴ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
·ӣϹ򸣽𰲣ǧǧǧǧ꣡
·ϫhһʾ˼ӣͰȴһͷˮôͻȻ֮俪ʼ˵Ȼ֮ǰǶ֪ǳϫhȷʵһǰԳƱ·˵鲻򵥡
ƴˣܿ㣬һΪΪΪģǸ˲ţǻ𣿡
·ӹǣ¹ߵлЯ֮飬·ԸΪľϹѡ
ţֻҪƴ˼ΪΪûܶƴˡ
ǣ񳤹Ը
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87 ʥ
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88 
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89 
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90 ̸
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91 
ʵʲô֪һϴ֣ڴЩ飬òҵĶӣôʲôûأǲܵġ
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ټȻȥӣĸ·ȨϾյϢˣ·Ϻܿ챻ڸ·ȨϣһƷٶѣ֪ۡ
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92 Ʊһ
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93 Ʊ׶
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ѹϲ֧㣬ôãԺҪԳһ㡣
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֪ˣⲻǸոտΪҪ˵ǼôһģɲܺŪҡ
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Ƶ˺öҲӣĥʱ⣬ֱӾͻؼȥˣҪúооԺ϶ó
֪˸ʲôƾûֵָס


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ص·˲Լ糾ͣסӣһʽǣһǽ˶ͷ֡
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95 һ
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96 һ
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ɽôԶѧѧȣԺЩϷⷢȵˣ֮ǰԽѧԤϣ˺ܶĺѺѧӣҪȻ֪γôȥ
ѧԺУյѧҲޣöѧӶź뿪ΪӢѧԺ¤͸ĺΪ
·ɽʹɵĹʶطľһЩʱȽϺõˣΪ¤ھ͸оѧĺô¤ȺͿȡ
ת۵ʮ壬·ӣСȥسǿԪڵƻᣬҲȥϲϲ˶࣬Ҳ뱼ڼԼȥ
سǰѶúãһȥҰݷá
ĸӣһ˵
ӣӣ͹үʱ𣿡
ܺð
˼㶼޹ȥˣôûжأ
²ģҲӣ룬¼ҲѽŮôӡ
ʲô㲻֪ǼãʱﻰⶼĽ㣬¶أ⻹Լҵˣ֪жٹأ㲻ں͹үøϿһаŮģԺô죿
㲻Ҫܱ˵ʲôֻҪ֪Щ˼ˡ
֪ǲ»飬ã㻹ᣬܶණ㲻㿴үѾƷˣԺ϶Ҫģʱ䳤֪ˣŮӻҪкӰ
ӣʵ֪ĸô˵⺢Ӳİ
֪İɡ
׾ͺãڼסɣҲþûмСˣúǡ
õģ
·˵ĺ棬˭֪ҵŮƷ٣ڻǰǹ˺ŵģҪǣŮТ˳úܡ
һαʹĶТǣһ˵˫ҵһվ֧֣еׯӺȫ˵ŪҲǶŮ֧֡
һҪڼϷȼ
ԣɰ㲮ȼǺӣ˵껰ĸ
õģĸ
ȥɣԷ
ӣ·Яȥй䣬ĸ͸˵Ļ
ŮݵǸҩưɡĸһȣ˾ȻŮȻ޾ƣⶼأʹеģŮȻ޾~
Ҹٺһ㣬Ůһ㡣
ôˣǲӣӣ˵ʲô벻ӦðŮͦõġ
û£Щ˾Ĵӣӣ޹ȥˣûˡ
Ƿܵİɣˡ
·ȫ֪ϺõľƵģӣĵĹء


97 Ҷ
㣬֬ɫϲ
²ԼϲɣӣЦ˵
ٺ~ͿϿ϶ÿ֮ǰ˵Ҫ֬һֱûʱ䣬ʱæˣһЩ֤ÿ
һءӣϴ·͸Ŀ֬ȷúܶ࣬˻Ķࡣ
˻ʱСԼˣСģĸϵģ֮ǰõﶼǣ͵˳ʱ䡣
صĺþƣǲ顣
ٺһ㣬Ҳ̫ܺȾơ
ⲻѵûǲȶࡣƱҲܺȶࡣ
ӣӣˣ
㣬ģҲȶࡣ
ӣý첻̫ԣƽʱﶼõȾƵģҲû룬ܵǸ·ɡ
극ӣ·˵СȥƵģĸ˵ǻطȥϢҪСȥ档ӣ·ɫ죬ĺȶˣҲܲô࣬ʹӦˡ
˻صӣĹ뷿Ѿ߰ԡͰ׼ãʹԡӣ·ɫ̫ԡ
û°ɣ
û£㣬֪Ϊνеȡ·һ˵һԼ·
𣿿˺ȾƵԭȥԡɣһ·걳
ã㡣·ȷ뵽ˮţ֪ô£оȫȵýˮ·һ㣬ﻹǾúͣӣ½·ӣýҹ˼֡
ӣ߽ܵ·񲻶ԾֻӶ·۹һ¡
ôˣȥҸ걳˯ӣһ˵·øڸˡ
ӣ·ı·ֻúñ
㣬ҺȰ
ôˣǲˣӣ·ıĵʵǱƽ¸ߺܶࡣ
㣬һϴɡ·ӣӣó·󻶵
~ԼĹ뷿ңӣе㲻˼·ǵһΣʵ̫ɰˡ
·ӣ죬ֵĺɫоԼҪըˣĶҪˣԺ︡һĳ
ʵ̲סˣһ־ͰӣԡͰ棬ӣûӦ·ѾʼĴҲʼ˺
·ҪԡͰﱾСӣ·ϣﱻ·˺궪ȥ˱·ڻ·ŴƵӣеˣú
·ҲˣӣģźҲˮ·뵽Ȫĸоˮ齻ڡ
ӣ·ĲһƽʱٺＱҲô³ģǽ·³çĲݾܾġ
϶ǽϵľ⣬˵ЩѹֲǳţҪǳžͶˡӣҧһĬĬ·ķ
·˶еκģǳڰıܣģֻҲӣмܣһϸԡͰϣ󵽴ϣȵ·ָһǵʱӣ϶ϵģӣιȥѹ
ȵ·ھ֮󡰽㣬~Ū𣿶Բ𣬶Բ𡣡
ûµ·ûµģ㲻ǹģҲ۵ġ
ôۣܲ㣬Ҳ֪Լôˡ
㲻ⲻ⣬ǵ~ӣѾۼˣ·𣬻ȸһ
⣬ôҾ˵ôҪҺȾƣˣúϢɡ
·ӣǾԼ̫ˣ·Ͱˮʵڲ˼Ѿ߽ѣԡͰˮˣͱӣȥԡͰϴһ¡
ӣϵ࣬ƣӣۣΣ룬ԺҲȾˡ
ȫӣѶûѣ·֪жˣӣֻ˱죬·űӣ˯ȥһ˯ڶյѹ
·ѹһӦǿһӣûѣҹ֣ԼִһԼô˴³סͷȥ
ӣûˣȫʹ޺޵Թ·˵˲Ҫ˲Ҫˣ·ҲԼ۸Լ⻹أôоԼĿӣһ߹ȥ
Ӵ㣬ôʹ𣿡
㣬һڸأ
ⲻ뿴ûкһ
㲻Ҫӣһ¾ͺˣͽӣ뿴ʲô
·Ӵβӣ㣬Բҹˡ
ˣҲ㡣
ԺһȾˣ´Ҫĸ㣬˵ǰԣ壬û취кӡ
˵ҲðɣǲųףԺ˵ɡ
ţˣ㻹Ҫ˯𣿡
˯ˣͷⶼˣɣ˼ҿЦ
˭Ц㣬Ե㶫˯˯


98 
˵žˣ·źӣ´Ь·ûӣߡ
˹뷿ӣ·ҪǱ˿
·һһַֻ̧ӣоԼӺǰߣһμʶ·Ĵ
ͦõģϾԼҽ϶û취شˣŶû취
ҵķãĸһĿŶˣ·ӣˡ
˲
С˵
⹫˵ҪãʲôʱУôû
һΣ·Ρ
СԷ
ԷС˵
һεĳ극ӣȥĸ˵ˣ±Ҫĸ˵ͨҪһԼûˡ
·ӣĸˣ͸˵ԼҪȥߡ
·ߵشãһʱش
ϡͰƴˣʧԶӭشԼҵļ¤壬·ƷԱɣǶ֪ġ
ʱ·ΰ֪ȥһҲʶҩˣô˵ڡشá
֪ƴﲻ
شɷһ˵
ش·κߺģƴ˲ʲôɡƴϷ
˵˺Ժˡ
ƴк¶˵ˡ
ȿ~֪شֹʹҩ
ֹʹҩôƴһŤŤģ~ǸɣƴԵȡ·ȲԼΡ
ƴˣ뿴ҩû˿ڵҩ˿ھ̓һˡ
ûʲô̼Ժ͸ðɣ
ûУûУֶϺõҩ֤ҩﶼá·ˣشǴ
ǾллشˣҪˣһƿ
ش·ȥıӰ룬ԭƴ˲ͺõúܣõúܣ
·ƿҩصȥĸԺӣӣոպĸ˵껰·ȥͿӣһξĸ϶ָ˵ʲô
㣬ǻȥɡ
š
һΣ·û˸ˣһӣߣӣ˫Ȧס·Ĳӣͷ·Ǳߡ·˼İȫУãһӡ
˵Է·ڴϡӻóոõҩࡣ
㣬Ҹҩɡ
ȥõҩ
ȥҩģû˵Ǹʲôõġӣˣӣͺˣȥʲôҩѽ˻ôͦģۣ·Ŷʹ
ҩңȥɣԼϡ
㣬ԼϣҰϰɣұ֤ġ
ӣһȷԼ̫ϣʹӦ
һ㡣ӣԼҪˣӣסԼͷ
о·ڽԼԼĿӣԼ˫ȣӣһ£·ˣñӸס˫ȣԼӣҩ
Żһ㣬ճҩ࿪ʼͿĨӣҧ촽˫ץűӣͷĸйرо·Լ棬̫Ϊˡ
˻еʹ
㣬Ͼͺˡ
˵㡣
Ϳҩ·ǴӣҲǴ˶һ¾һЦ˳
ˣ㣬Ϣһ°ɣͿһҩտ϶ͺˡ
ţҪϢһ𣿡
ҲϢˣ˯ȥƮ¥һˡ
á
·ȦסӣĴӣıӣﱻ˯ȥоӣ˯ţ·ŵĳšƮ¥ȥ½ƹ
ˣôп½ƹʣΪԴ·Ժ¥תӣ£ҲûϾٵĴҪͬڸġ
û£շ岻ʣ
õģˣҪ˱
ˣЩ˿ˣ½ƹϴ˵ѧͽһֱûæùһشԺҰҵܽйҴһģֻǶȤԺƼҵĲҵ϶ԽԽ࣬ҪɩɩҵӰġ
˵ﻰСһúýλӡ
ôǵͨѧͽУ̫鷳ˣ㲻Ҫ֣ȷ̫ˣԴǡ
ˣСף˷ġ
½ƹ˵õʱֻܰƶ͵Ʈ¥ˡ
·ֻλƵĻ·ϻһֻĸȥ˵˲룬ӣһ
ĸһ˵
㿴ǹүӣӣ
ǰֶĲйְǶӣӣһĺãǸʱ֪Ǹõġ
~˭Ǹʱ˵·ǵڶ֣ġ
ҪǼˣԺСǰҪǼˣ˵ϴǼӻش壬ûмͱˣƴĻסӣ˼ɱˣСҲǴȣǼ˳ɲԺҪˣСֻΪƼС֣һϵûС
ԶԣǶҪˣ㿴Сڶãýǣɶӻá
ǰӣྡˡ
԰ҲΪʲô컳Ϻӵԭ򣬽ң˵ŮԻˡ
ļˣᣬҲãж︣Ǿ帣ɡ
ãүġ


99 
·Ѽ˵ӣ˼˵㼦⣬˼Ȧһ£ӣߣӣ顣
һС飬·ͷӣ˯ˡ˳ȥԼ˷ͺˣָӣһҩӣ˯ˣ·ҩ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࣬ҩȷʵͦõġ
һ컹ûӣˣ˯ˣôҲ˯ţоԼѾûˣ϶ָԼҩ·Ļ·֣ԽԽ졣
ľǸʱ·رĶ·ΪΪĻ䡣·ֻ·Լʱ̡
ӣҲˣ·վʹǻ˴塣˸ĸ̤˻ؼ·
ʮ壬Ĺˣ˴Կõÿ涼æֵصˣһƬٵľ
ڶգ·ҲͶȥˣȥԼоûرѹ۵ʥּ˵¤嶼ǷֵּأԽ¤һ̶ҵȫ磬Ҫֵã¤嶼Ҫָ߲ȫͳһ·ҵĵһǶæ
ͬʱеĻеΪķңܱߵĴׯ¤ѧϰ·Ҳй¶һ׬Ǯ׬ģҪһԽ죬벻ǧǧϰգôִʳף˭ᵲסǼҵĲ·ǮƹþͺãҪȻ̫ˡ
·æýŲմأӣҲæúܣʼϹͻϣЩԽԽӣòԼĹģ¤ĵػ滮òˣӣҪҪɽչһЩҪ·Ƚ鷳Ҫ·һ£ƵʹԶˡ
ӣӣô죿˵Ҫңô죿⻹ǵ´ӦԺǵһμأǰϫhдŸƣ˵Ըһԣ⣬ֻԼûкκһοŮӣԼҲкܶ಻ĵط
ʲôô죿ӣһ˷ܵİƣǿĵúܡ
ǰҶǰϲ£ڵ¾ȻĴӦһȴ֪ôˡһʱճˣǾòϲô죿
Ǻ°ҪŬȡҸ㿴Ļ㿴𣿡
ˡ˵𻰱ƾе㺦ߡ
˾ͺãӡӣȤ
۵ļңʵϫhҲûţ뿪¤ؾ·ϣһֱڻƶ˵ĻԼĲų⣬һȸԾϲ
һϾչԼָŮӵĻʹͼǰȷûнӴֶˣڿˣȻ⿪ϵķ̫ԣ
ѹֳװ϶ھӪʱ򱻸ȾģֻҪǳҪģ־öУô곤Ҫа챣Ӱļҵڣǲ֪ļҵŮˡ
һ֣Ͱѻʹ;ⷽĻʹͼȫռˣΪ˸ѡʵģԼſһ飬ɸѡ˾Ÿ͹
һ쿪ʼԼ֮ãȴӻʼԭ̼һĵطְɰƵое㲻ˣȻһ㺦ߣܳʵ׽
ѧϰԼ屻һİƿأ˵Ǵûеģָо̫ˣ̫ˣԾԾԡ
־ûˣ㿪ʼѰʵŮӡ
ֱһصԼ޵ƿӣͻȻһŮסϫhеų⣬ŵøϽһˣʲôŮӿúҲⲢҪģöֽ˴ߡ
£̵ò𣿡һͿŹڴߵŮӡ
ǣ֣ԺĴˣ˴ȥˡ
ǵҪ˭ūȥš
㲻Ҫˣ
~ˣҪūˣȻʺ󰡣ūûˣūԲиūȥɡ
֣ǸϫhЩΣÿζס
ūûðҲϲˣû취湫ǣūҲԻʺΰ˵ŻӲ˲Լᡣ
ˣ֣ǰƣϲǸǰơԴϫhĸȥԺ󣬻ǶǶָĸҲöֿޡ


100 
ŶưƺáūȥҰƹ
仰ϾˣϫhתôӶˣøոնһѱһǴ־úЦڵݼԽԽ¯ˡ
֣żھ
ū֪ūȥ¤ڶ﹫ʮˣûмʱ˷ѣòĶˣƱҪϿһġ
ൢһ칫Ͷؿշһ졣
ŶֿʼʰϫhаɣԼҲͦƵģþûˡ
ҿô໰ҪȥͰһİɡ
ò˵õŵ£ȻҲϲ¤լѾ޺ˣȥ
¤ˮڵȵ˳Ŷһ¤壬۰Ͱ͵ĳϫh⻹ûкͳú˵أ־Ͱˡ
һεĿŰƣ֪ܲܳסֱִ򵥵·ʽ
ƻأ־Ͷһʹͼһۣ˲ͺˣɱӣĴ󵨶ˡ
ƹɲУôźõ£㲻ҪˣúڼѧϰԺޡ
ƼֱԼĶ䣬ڿأôֱӵˡ
֣᲻̫ˣƵҪѪˡ
ʲô죬ƹ¶ʮˣ꣬ūûǴĻҲǶʮ˰ɣҲ֪ܲС
ʲô֮ʣԼҪҪ
ˣƹźĸóҽľͷҪõˣūͲˡлл˶֣˻ֺء
߳ȥĵĸŹϣƺ飬ȻԽԽ죬ԽԽ~
յʱһζһͱִ˰סˣϴ衢ëױ磬ϱһ̧ϫhԷ
˿̵İƾúֽ߳ܰڴһΪİᡣԸźµģ뵽ܿ²Ϊ֪һ棬񻰱дĻԼͲίˣֻҪǸǵ£ʲôԡ
ڱŵ˺ܾãҪ˯˵ʱһŵ
һϫh˯۽ˣϴɲʱ˯ˡ
ϫhһžͿԼķ䲼õ鷿һһ
첽ߵߣŰƱʣһԴڴϵӣеЦЦ
~ƣҸ⿪ɡ
𣬵~һȣܸܲһ·ϫhӦƿ϶Ǳѵһ˿ҵģе㲻ˡ
ô԰ƣûпôͱŮǿˡ
ã𶯣ȥá
ϫhʵͦ뿴ģһûȤˣδûкú˵˵ⳡмΡ
˰Է·һЩɴûκܴ
̫ˣԼ洩ŶǶϫhԼԡһɴԡۣȻһǿܴ¸ơ
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Ȼϫhкܶսµ˺ۣڰƿЩ˺۶ôԸСٿµݸ·ǱļƬѣûˣе¸ոմԡۣ涼ǵµζ
Լɣȥӱߵ㡣
õĵ¡߷
ϫhߵӱߣóƱԼһƣһһЩڿˡ
Ȱƴ·߹˻࿴һۡ˫˫Ц~ƣǵһο˾ء
Ҳضá
ˣºһɡ
ôģ
~ֱżһЩ֡ϫhҲ˼˵Լһľ
û~ûµĵ£ұҲԼԸġ
𣿡ϫhŰƵΪոյĺߣϵĺ쳱δȥһֱðƵһ
ڿ⸱ģִһ˿ģһ飬Լĺèץһ¡
ϫhԼȻֻиоΪԼĶƱһھơƴϫh˯ۣסһЩˣϫh洩ǱɴϵȶȾôҲȥ
Һһɡ
õģ¡
˼¶ǣ˸տʼһЩεգ;ʵӳڱ˴˵ϣз·һ˿
л㱣ŶԷԼͬ˻ϵͼټ˶٣ϫhԽԽˣо̫԰
ϫhһ۾ƱǷʤˣԼ߰ɣǰ˵ϲԼģԸġϫhڵһվ˰һεĻȻֹ


101 ϫh³
£ôˣ
ϫh߹ȥƵ֡˵Ը𣿡
ƿ˿ϫhɬĵͷ
ϫhһѱ齱߹ȥϫh˵ǺģϾϹսĽΪ飬׾١
˫ȦסϫhĲӣ̧ĿϫhĲ
Ƶۣķ羰Ȼϫh룬ϫhȦˣԼıɴһȥ˵嶼һ£Ⱥһҵйڡ
ԼĻͶ˵Ҫźùһֻϫhĺ󾱣һָֻӣͣĴϣФѾõĵطͷסϫhĴһϵͽ
ϫhֻһҩζԼıǻǰƳҩζԼ˵ЩҹҹԼȫеζϲ˫֪ԼĿһڰƵߣ
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ϫhŰƶ϶гĪУȰը̻ʱ򣬽סϫhͺһ
¡
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ܲô࣬ԼѹϹѧŹոյӣֺŹ壬ϫhеͣǣƵߣҲҵ󣬸̧߹ӣһͷ
ϫhԼҪƮˣ󻮹ԺͷȻΪʲôԼ˷ôʱ䣬˰~
һʱŽ̧ԡͰͻ˱죬վԺ￴Ůææµµ¶΢Ц
ڶͣϫhͰһĿԣԼͬˣȫȻûϵĴ󵨣ϫhһЩ鱾֮飬ûʲôɬġ
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һǰ£˵֮ǰôôСأҵļ
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ɡ
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ϫhͰһԺһϫhоӴ˲糯ļơ
ӣں·飬·ӣ뷨Ժ˲ͬ¤һ̫ҵĵطСãҪԺá
㣬ǻǰ·ɣĵض࣬ԺɽɽϹڴôѧӣıͲʺϿˣɴΰ޴һ㣬ѴЩȫƹȥĻҲһЩ
ǴЩ
ѧԺǱߵľΣֹ費ҪʵĵطҪ͸ãǲҪǾԼһԺסҲС
ôţء߰ɣȥɽǣ˼ˣǸȥݷһˡ
ð߰ɡ
ȥɽɽ˵ʱѧԺĵطã·ǿֻһλãϾԺѧԺеط
·ǾҲУλãİţﶼˣլլӣֹֹ˵Ժ˾ȥϫhլӰݼ
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μ¡
ɣڴЩ˰ɡ;·ǲɶõ˲ţԼͰҲĹϵ;·ӣһЩ
ݼ£κʵ̫࣬Ҫ֡
ɣȥһ˾ôֵֹģܲܺú˵
Ǿͽ·Ըˣڻ𣿡
ӣҲ߹ȥݸһ񣬰뵽⼸պ͵µĻƶգСһ졣
԰ôһô
»߳ú󡣡
һؾǼҵ飬û뵽Ȼκĺӣ㵱ʧѾҳ߹صһԱˡ


102 常
Ȼ˵˾͸֪Ѿܾ常ˣ־ڴ֡
ǰϧˡϧ
£ϧⲻڸֵ𣿹
ţô˵Ҳҵˣκ͸ʾǰ˰֮ȻûлغȻҵܡ
Ȼ·ûԼ˵ԼŮӣͲȥ𴩣Ȼ֪ӵݱŮӵݺúܶ࣬׶λʾͻߺܶࡣ
·ӣͰƲһͰƶ౳󱻱˵һлʲôİãû˸ҵǰ·ӣ϶ٺܶ⣬ǡ
л̧ˡ
ˣԺûͽһɡ
õĳ㡣
ϫhں·˵ӣҲȥͰ˵Ļ
ô
ʲôô
ѽͳô
ͦ͡õġ˵Ƶȵðˡ
ӴӴӴ~ɫģĻóˡ
˵ʲôأ˺졣
һߵЦ·ϫhʱˣ¶Ц
ɣҲԼˣ˵ĳոճͱūǻκҪڱūҪ徳ڵǰȻ¤һԴҪ֪ймҰ
㣬˼ףһúֲƹ߲˵һ죬սٱӦ·һӵܱҲмҹ󰮡
׾ͺã˭ҲĹİյȷҪĸ߲
ţѾ״˵ˣбֲ˵Ӷ͹֡
ã֮ǰͻؾˮ࣬Ѿùʼˣҿ˴·ȷǲɶõĺòϡ
㣬ǴΪ·棬ûĨң޳ǽĨң⻬ޱȣ׿ܸõĵС
ŶΪһ㲻˵
⡭볤ˡ
ˣ֪ĹǣԺ֪޲ԣһվߵģɣûһʵۻ᲻ϲһ¹ֹĵˣ˵𣿡
ȻҺ常Ĵĺͱµġ
ҾҪˣһղ̫ƽҾһղԺ˰չ˺ðƣ˵Ҳĳɩˡ˵ƣϫh¶ᡣ
㣬֪ģһչ˺ɩɩ·ų¶ĸ飬Ҳ泤ģô꣬ǶһˣӦúܼįɣ˰ƣ飬泤ġ
ҸֻŸ룬Ժ¿ֱŸҴš
һ죬Էһֱ磬·ӣһֻ˼ңϫhȻԺ뿪¤壬ݲ̫ãأȻ᲻ãиҪҪҲܺһߣϫhһ뿪ˡ
ʱˮҴҶ¤һƬȻ紵͵ĵһɫĲƣˮ·µĹҲѾ˴̵֦Ѿ
ת۾͵£µʱСգ·سŵһĵ⡣
СȫС鶼μ磬˵ԺСΪ¤СĽĶ󣬶˵СĵõĵΪóԵĵ⡣
µʱص¤ӳĸһȥΣʿŵ
գһŸͷľүһ¤壬ͷ˾κκү
κ¤·ˣΪһĹү·ģ·ɽϿųѴӡһǾү·²⣬Ҵɽ
常ôûǰ˵һҺǰȥ㡣
ԼҪ˭ӣ˵Ƕģ˭ӡ
·룬ôļˣ˵ǣҲҪǰ˵һ׼ʱ䡣
Ŵ󽫾һҲСڣϴ˵ҲûϣʱͻȻûһء
֪ܲܺദϾǳɹ׵ģ½Σۡ
ֻſˡ常
ţĸ׺ܵܶˣȻ·мһۣߵĴ֧һСԴ϶ͬĸĵܵˡ
ã常ôʱ
ⲻУūݷţ׳ģ㿪սҾ¸٣㡣
˼ˣκүȢ˹ѸѾôˡ
ر֪·Ժ˵ôƻŮܼ޸үүĶӾͲȢˣκүȣҪֻҪǸõģͲƽˡ


103 ҳ
ƸſڣϺӣСſڵˣͣԲͷԲСӡ
κүְϷһӣվκүһ׾ŵԱ߿ЩС΢ֵĲѿǰ϶ǽһҵģʮӣЦеġ
ɰɣһ϶ǳ㣬ò㸸ףһĺӣܵܣ꣬кģС꣬кܣˡ
硣Сӹ·񣬵һμ̫æҲû׼ʲô·ֻذף͸кҲУó͸ˡ
ذҮлл硣
常ĸҷӣŮһBСС
Դƴ磬ҪȻôٿԼĶӣ˵⺢ӵףӣҵСӡ
Խ㣬Ƕлˣ㲻֪ô꣬һֱǺүĲҵɣүĲȥˣлá
ǰеסϣ˿֣ү˵ģô꣬ĵһĲûˡүûյĳݣһ˵Ĺϵָ׽һЩӣԱ߸·һ常ĸ
СҲǰκүүκ̣壬塣
κӣûдӦԱ߰κһۡ
~Сԣκ̸ļ񡣡
óһȦСϣ֮ǰ̸û󣬿κҲϲġ
Ǻӣ治˵㶼ٳֵòͻִӱǸ۹ġһӣϣӣ԰κүһҲϲС
κĺκܴС˶С忪ʼ۾ĶСˣǾȻˣоСȹӣÿɰ
κүԶȽϴһɡϳȽݣ˶ӵġ
ȵϷϤһȻһҰסĵطϢ
ڶһ磬·ͿκǰԺˣ󵶣ȻһҲ۰常һ·۳Ͷ٣ôϢһ£
ôϰˣ˯ţˣΪС
ðɣǲ·ִǹذױȽϤһЩûǹ֮ġ
ǲûЩκ·ԵϤ
ţСûȭŹС
ǿɲУκĶӣôܲأ㿴ţΪˣһ顣
á
һ˶ˣκѾڽ·ǹˡ
κĶӣȻңһѧͻˡ
κĺκԱ˵һݵĿ·ȻûаĴ򣬻ܵĿ佱ƽ˶ҪƨɵģҴȻԺ͵ƽ֣
ˣ㿴һȥϴϴ緹ˡϿǸһ赶ŪǹģֲھӪԼĶӵСһѵҲֻκˡ
ߣɣΪȥϴһϴ.·ɵۣʱסˣʲôҪһϴ𣿿ǸŮŵýˡ
常ҡһǻȥϴɣ·ʵ鷳
ţ˵Ҳǣ´ΪȥӾκԼĴӵȸ·顣
·Ͽˣлл常ǲˡ
һһ˷κ·ˣȥ¤ĵѣЩǶӵѪΪÿһúܽϿƲסοЦݡ
һԭǴҪ˽һЩӵϾôԼһҲ˽⣬֪ĴڣҪֲһЩȱҲκĺκܣС
ڼϺӣһ
ţСʹСȥˣֻκ·һȥ
·Сӣλˣ˵Ƽһ٣ıһٶˡڴפţܺʲô
ү常κˡ
Ǳ߹Ǹ𣿰ѽŴμү
ض⺢ڴչˡ
үǧô˵СӶð㿴ǴڵӣɵĹ͡κ佱ԼĶӣϵЦôҲ²ȥ˵Ŀӵġ·һεĽֺٳһˡ
ү常ȥĵطɡ
Զԣү˵һҪȥǴԺԺ涼СʳҲɽ̵ģүһҪȥ
úãһȥ
ϵʱΪڰգôõôͲӾ־ͦõģҲΪ£ƽȶó˺ۡ
常ϲ޾ġ
ţ𣿡
ǵģ常˺ܺã
ǾͺãΪδƭ
ôأ常ҪƭҲƭ˵ġ·ҸʵʱҪ常˵ʵݣȻԺ϶鷳
ĸһӣĸκүɲúŪҪôڰ˷ѡ


104 
κһ¤סڼκÿն··д裬·Ҳͻͽ
ոһȥɽϴԣκŸκ׺ͼױ·ǴһȺСӣɽκʶ·˦ʯӾܴҰҰõı»׼ͷ
κ˵úϲ£죬ĶӾɽĴɢ·κһ
ɣϵĹʵ˵ã׼ͷҲá
常ҴСƬɽﳤȻϤһЩҶϰҲȽϤ
ţտǧܻķˣ常ԺҲҪڼϰ
֪常~ȵ常ǰж~
·ŶӦǸһһһͷ׶ߴ죬ֻϻӽף֫˶ٹϡ·һӦ
常Ը
УС常ˣ󣬽ŻƤ˵¶һƣǴǧɱƣ֮ǰ·дʱϵȫһԵ·סˡ
ãǸӶ֡˵˾룬ϻһ
ϻϵƣ·һ۲죬·϶ܺöԸʼ·
·ϻģһ뵽ʲôʧҲýŸո˵ҪŻƤذ׶ûãϻһúá
ϻ·ȥŵøϽϻ·ߣͿ·ȵɣһһȭϻͷϣءϻأڵϷһ졣
~ˣκϻͷȭͷİݣ֣۾ڲѪ
·Ҳֿ˿ԼȭͷԼˡ
ϻʬߡ
ɣ常ǳʶˡ
常Ҳǵһδ򻢣ûпƺ
úãúã
ױ̧һֻϻ¤嶼ˣⱾ¾Ǵ󣬾Ȼܴ棡Ǻöûмˡ
ǲ֪ϻǣ·һȭģ˿ڶûУһŻƤ˵ĺܣ·Тġ
ҪȥҫһϺС¤ҲܿģóԵֶ࣬ĶҲ࣬κҲһϲõκİΣ
κĺκΪκæŽ̵·û̫ܽǣСڴɽºӵ棬ʶʮʮһһС飬Ҫֲ˼ˡ
ΪҲһˣûȥˡκ·е鷿·С
常˵¡·ʱദ֪һִˣҿĴáʱʵ常ˡ
˵Ϊšκ˵·Ӱٷְ⣬ʱദʵԼĶԣϧϵ̫ˣҪǴСߣǵĹϵͻ׽һЩ˴˿ס
常ú𾪣ԼѡҪ֧ҡ·˵
ôˣûϵΪ˵ôΪʲôû
·һᣬ⿪Լķڣͷɢ䣬κүǰ
κүͻȻܵ˾ţͫһ񿴵ʱ£Լۻˣֻ·һЩǰ֪·ϣǽͷһˡ
常ұŮ
κôһᶼûл·ڸЦɣĺôôͻȻͳ˹ˣÿ춼һϰԡ
һҲûп·ŮҵĽͦϲŮģΪԭֻӣ·ŮԼĶͻȻŮˣ
е˽ܲˡܣܡӲǶȢŮôȢأ
常侲һ£˵~·ʼΪ޻ԼŮװͺԼΪʲôѡŮװκκͷѹһӾˡ
ǡȢҲԸ𣿡κȰ·Լߡ
ԼŮԼĽȴСʧŮװ棬ôѵĻڣϰһգΪ
ԼôԼŮӡ
ǵģ常ҺãʼʱΪӱɷǺվ顣
κˣѹѡһӵĹѸʱԼķ۹ôɻ鶼һˣϵĶӶûжԭˡ
϶ΪԼûа취кӣСŮװԼŮϲŮӣԼŮԼܸܣѡôѡŮһ٣Ůӳɻֱƣ˵ڣڡ
ˣԼˣԼûҵʲôˡȻԼ޷ܣҲûκɺԹͷŮѡκүԼŮۿ


105 ߹ظ漱
ȻˣΪ֧㣬ҶġκⱲζҪһŮĽ黭һҹ㣬Ůȴôֻ꣬ܵɶϡ
常Ҳ࣬СѾϰˣŮ˳ãı䲻ˡ
ѹ㲻ԸغҲԸ̳кΪ֪ˣʲô㣬ܽΪһ𣿡

ãȻѡΪ֧㣬ҪԼǱһ֪һģгǰҲ˵ʲôԺĹ;ˡ
ұͲԸ⵱٣ֻƣòıһְٰñˡ
Ҷˣ㲻Ҫ£ԺΪڣΪû˸۸㡣κүʱҲ֪·ΪʲôҪ٣ݺݵļμһʡ
˵ˣһ´ǹٵġ
Ȳżһ˵ģűоϡ
л
~ҿŮ츳ĶӰκзź
·˵ԺĴʯͷԴ֪ԭίӣҲˣԼŮϲˣֻҪϲò˵˵Ľ̶ܳȱںܶͥܶȸߡ
Ϊ˴һ˳㶼ˣ֮ǰ·͵µģڴʱһǵ֣ݣֲǾͶյµױʱҲսһЩʱ
һң¤Ĵˮոڣ½·һո¼ʮϲˣˮƽĶǧÿһ¤û뵽ջ½֮ǰԣ˴ֵĹӣȫʮһչⶼϺõ֡
¤ͷҼƮŷ㣬ջӣũҪףһģ⼸ҼһϰĽˣǴûĺӣ·ҵᵽȥˣһֿţһ˵·һլӣԺȺүҲ¤ϣ̫ϲ¤ˣ紾ӣӢѧãԺˣ鶼óԼҵĺӶ赸ŪǹԺԼôҲҪһĻ˳
ƽĹ˼£·ӣΪӻһֱϸˮȥʱ
һһðŷѩҹص¤塣
һôˣô·ͻȻһҲһһ常ʲô飬ѯʡ
·磬ˣԺūͶʼүɵĴˣΣ֪ūǱôͻȻһ֣ǻûмˣүʹˤˣ֮ү˻ԡ
ʲôû£ôˣ
үԺҾ߹սƣΪ߾κҾ˺κԺ󣬾λСӶ̫СˣӪҲʵҲִֵˣ뵽㣬õƾѡֻ·ݼϱκҾһʱκѾȥˣ²˳٣·ҳ
~ȥϢһ£Ե㶫һ·ˣȥɩɩ˵һ
·طȥӣͻ⣬Ҳеֲ常ΣգԼҪȥ
ոǵĶԻҶˣܺһȥ𣿡ӣ֪սĲпģʲô¾·ûϹսһŮ·ΣգҲʧȥ·
㣬Σǿ϶Ҫӱ޵ĸϵ߹أڼɺãҲ֪ʲô˰Ѽ鰲źãȥȥͻأ常Ҿܻˡ
һأһ常ѲأҪһֱڱ߹ء
ģҵǱ߻дŵģҴһֻŸߡԣﻹ벻㡣
ӣ֪ڲЩʱûа취˵òֿģǼƻԶϲϱ仯·ģԴ·ʰ
һҪעԼİȫ㲻õģһչ˺ġǼƱ㶼ϣһóģҲϣһԼҺﻹСڼҵ
ӣʰһСİ··϶
һҪǵøţ֪ƽ
ãңҴūԺ㿴⡣
ϧ𣬱ֱ·Ǹһҹ뿪ˣӣǵıӰŵͿ޳˿ĺ£·һȥ
ȵڶϺСʱ·һѾ¤ˡ
ӣôĨᣬûԼŮҪսӣòֹסС̺׿ޣԼҲޣ֮ǰ˵ԼѾǴˣ˵
̣ޣȥӢ۵ģС˵սĶǴӢۣһġ
һıˣ·Ѿһƥˡ


106 Ӫ
һû˵ٰڵ˵һ¡
ǣ·磻үλΪūڼĨ˶ʱҽͰһζǺүʱסˣ˻ˡ
ϻ˼ʱ䣿
գա
뻹ǲŻᵽ߹ˣ֪ڱ߹صôū֪Բһģ֪»ôš
뵽·ٶֿһЩ
һ·ۣڵյ賿ſĹһȴ·ȥ·ڴϣɫ԰ף뿪¤ʱһȦ¤ʱ常ӣūʬһ顣
ϼ·ˣһԴ£һ˼ңĲ֪ô죬·ˣַ·Ĺǡ
ɣԲѣūţҲûа취ˣźκ
֮ǰ¤ǿ·κдģѧֿ죬үҲ˵·Ľţ·סĵˡ
ĸģ常࣬һѹġ·㲣Ҳ¤ʱЦ⣬ɼʱжൣ£ﵣΡ
ɣһ·Ϲ϶ۻˣȥϢһȥӪ
ãĸҲȥϢһɡ
Ϊ·ҹ̣ʵ̫ˣһ˯úܳڶ·ҲһЩϰκүĻø·
ɣκҾĻպãѾȥŸ£̫ҽҽκүʱֻҪ֤ūԽſĹУӪﲻ飬κףʱ͸źүֵεˡ
ãĸ֪ˡ
뿪ŹߣŹأͿκվڳǽϡ·һ˴򿪳ţŶ˽ȥ
ٽˡκ׿·һϲû뵽ٽôˣ֮ǰҲǼٽģҽԴ¤Ժ춼ڸ̾ٽһȴû֮أԼ˵ٽĽţҲΪʲôٽڹִֵԭ
κûκξǲס·ִҲǻʮ겿ӵˣ֪ڲֵطǿʵ˵ġ
ٽصģ㱾ٽĩȴȥһʶһˣūǰѾһˣ֮ǰĲĩƶգū϶󡣡
ãȥλɡ
κ״·
Ҳ֪κ˵ٽмＸ˵˵ô˵ء
½ԣȻκ˵ٽǽӣΪκҾһԱӦָӡ
³ԲӣһûϹսˣָܴǺúộ
ˣλҪˣȵȼ˵
λٽˡ
·ʾͿĸżеĴ󺺣һ˹ĵˡ
ٽǳ³λһλǾʦ
λٽ·ɡ
³˵κף㲻Ҹ˺ŪǰɣκҾٽȻơ
κףλҪһԣҲ֪ٽͽʧɢ꣬ٽһֻٽһӣٽТ˳ĸ޺ԲŲյġ
½κԲӣǼκҾ㶼Ҫ𣿡
·λɣұûдͶģҪǽ˻ԣǲӪģԭҲڹְԱɣ˵ҲеҲ˾ͽͣӪҿԲҵıھӪλͽκɰɡ
½ãûб⣬սӪ˶ǿģΪȶģá
·С֪λ岮ҲΪҺá
֪ٽΡ
ɣɶλһ£λһΣ·ýٶ಻ֱӱԸֱӣЩ˼ʶ־Ͳ
~ţ»ôĿ³ߣǳȥʶʶ½һվȻû˵ҲһмĸУߣһɫ
УվԭѵʿҲͣȫΧ˹ֻ·ӱѡһѳǹ˶Լıó·Χ
ʿף쿴֪˭ȻҪͬʱսλ
ʿң԰ᣬ֪ߵغ񡣡
ʿף˶~쿴~
ĺҲȺУû뵽·ô͵ˣյǰ·Ƕ֪·ʵģȺûܴùġ
ΪȻģ·һ̣ɢһǧƣ˶һۣ֪·򵥣һս꣬ҲһĬڣ³λͬʱ·һ˹ϣһ˹£·ɶ·ĳ½˫ֱǹķ顣


107 
١ֵܼе˼ҪСˣҿСС
½˵˾ͲˣҲдˣһӵϣҪǴ˾ҪЩǰˡó̵ıغԳƣ·֪˲ˣֱӾͣˡ
λǺ֣ܳҿǾ͵㵽Ϊֹɡ
Ҳ±ϥ¹ķڷٽǳϿ·ٽ
·ӣǼҲ飬ǽ˶һս֮ٽȴܴˡ
濴ֵıҲӦػٽٽ
ҰκҾٽκɣӹκҾٽ˵䡣
·Ҳӳվǰ̨ϣ𻢷ֵǣѩūǿȴҴɱӣ̫ŹǴҪĹǵĸĸˣֵܽã˵ܲɱ
ܣܣ
ԣǧǧֵܶǵĵ£ҪҪ𣿡
𣬱𣡡
л˵ǣǵѵΪܻؼңһıѵǼסѵΪܻؼң
ؼңؼң
ɢ
ʿɢԺ˵ٽΪ˵µѵ֮Ҳͬڵѵôܽģٽ˵ľ͸ġ
ٽĩҲô²סκҲͻȻѵ̫׵
֪ǵĹǣɣȸһǧˣҰ˵ѵѵūʱսǿپô
ãٽҪԼķһǧ䣬ǲæġ½˵ȻϿ·ݣһҪıôӪѵҶ̫Ը⣬Ҳ̫⣬̵鲻ɶϷ
ãκܲ󴸣Щ̫ˣǺܳ֡·øոǸǹëһƮƮġ
³λ۽Ƕ˳飬ĸԲˣû뵽ٽõģٽҪʲô״ģԲĻǷġ
ԲİɣͲҪ̺͸ͷˡս̫Ѫˡ
Һһȥɣ뿴иܲλȥæɡ
·ȥܲԶϴε˵ôԼҲҪһ㣬õİ취Զȹ۲Ӫһ˫սԶ᷽ܶ࣬о֪йģǱȽϱ׾ҲǸĽһ£ҲһЩģǹʲô·ʱȱѱʲô£һŹͲˡ
˴ĵطκ׽гһٽٽҪ󴸡
֪ٽĴҪٽ
ʮһж󣿡
ͷСе󰡣Ҫһٽдôˡ
ǲ֪ܲСأһʮֱһҲԷֿ
Եģ
̫ˡ
֪ʦôƳĶˮһȴԺֺܼӲʯĶ
·һۣٽԵȡ
һһϴСĶ·һȷǲΪûȥʣеڡ
ˡ
֮ǰƳģ֪ʲôã
·Ҳ˵ʲôã֮ǰ뵽һʱ֮ҪʯӢɰЩҲһԵ̬ʣںڵһ磬յ¶Ⱥʱ䲻ʣҪһԲ֪ܲܳɡ
ڻ֪ܲУܲܰ飬ȻʯĥĥɷĩգʯúգպԺԲƬ𣿡
ҿһԡ
ţյʱһ㣬ûʣҡ
õٽ
ӱӪԺκ׾·ٽҪʲô
ǧۣ¹شȲҪš
õģٽ
ˣκȥæɣһ
õģھȥٽκεķԸңҾǽĸ
ס
·ߵԼ濪ʼдбļƻѵƻһĽʱ·Ѿһŵļƻˡ
μٽ
ˣɣҪһӪ˶ڼѵģо飬ǰѵĺôһ룬Ȼ˵Ĳ೭ݣطȥҾͽˣû⣿
û⡣
ãȥɡе˾ȥκطռѵһǧѵĳء
ףٽ
ڶ·õˣȻһЩһ㣬·УȻһӵһ·յû磬򿪵ķһ
úá
ŵΧʿԶһ㣬ٽ̫ˣǶˣոտ󴸵ʦģٽһ𣬻յɡ
·ֻһһͲҪȥ̵ʱǴߣҪĿսɣһСסϰ벿ߣʱ˸ˡ


108 ״ս
ڶһ磬ūǰľȥӭս
·żȫϳţūˣˣֵģȻ·ֱֱʱսǵһΡ
䵶ƤʿȻֻ򣬵ǲѿǵȷǿ׳رǱľӪЩʿ
·뵽Эͬսѵʽˡˡ˵ɵСĲսͣиκҾ˺Ҫѵʽ
ЩϺǲǱǵūʿˣôˣȻ߹սƣΪһҲǲڳ˲èˣ
ģЩģȻү̵³̲ˣţһҪﶼϲ
³ҪŭκȰսȡռȻڣλϢȥǡ
ɣٽϴǸŰ˻ûҵʱȥס
λ岮ģġ·ӵùôܶ㲻һ
ٽһҪСģ˲Ϊ壬ҪǶڰˡ
һѹֻҪҷżҾͰѡϧԶûãȻھܰǸҳ
ūľսˣԽԽ𾢣ʱŹصĳ򿪣ū˾Ϳһ˫ָһѴ󴸳
ֻס˵ĵ۾ͱӣ¶°ߵ룬һСӣһͲ֮ǰľļСʹһǧ䡣
δɵСޣؼ㰢ȥ
Ǳһ̣ȥ
·ϻֱӾŴ󴸴ȥ
˵Ѵ󵶣󵶴·սһ𣬽һ˲䣬󵶶ѣ·Ĵ󴸾͵ţӦߵĴ~һ
ֻ˵Դһˡ
߶һ£رū˲С˱뺷ľ߸ߺ䣬䣡ΪǶµı·ֵĸ˶һۣһԼͷϵ亹ȷٽˡ
·ʵĵһ̣һҪóԼʵһסūκҾϾһǰеһǧ˴ǿԼʵʹմһѪ
ūӪɳһˣõһ泤ǹ
λСǺˣ֮ǰûмΪβĿʾˣ
ЩС󱲣ĿвգκҲ
ūӺаһκ֮ܰǰôû˵һˣǰʹһɫ
κС
룡
˵֮ūѾСѸոյʬ̧ˡ
ԱȸոǸ˾ḻһЩ·˼У泤ǹס·Ĵֱոն·Ĵͱɹͺͺˣһͱ·һкģҲˤһغ
·µоԱ󽫣κҾƸǣϣӺаȥУɳһ˳·۾濴һۣ϶Ǹˣǲ֪λãҪСһ㡣
κС˵׷ĲԭһʿͿͼ Ϳͼ䵶˶ѵСɽƵģһ͵ˡ
Ŷ~ߡöԵһʿĳƺš
ͿͼǵһʿȻ·Ǳͨ˻ǴܶˣκҪס·Ϊ·ֻ֣һĶ
ҿԭһʿҲôɴвԭһ˰ɣ³濴ż֪ūҪʼʩˣ·
ǲǣٽƨӣ
ͿͼߣҪס·ض·úôһܡ
·ŴŹȻúһֻһ˲䣬ͷһһֱֻĶһ䡣
·ѸٰһңȡȥһֿʼӭսͿͼͿͼǱ߼ˣΪҲ·
˻û䵶˦·ı·泤۾Ƶģӳһ䵶أͿͼѾ·ıˡ
·ͷͼ䵶ţǧһ֮֮һ䵶ָͼһֱӰѰͿͼˣͿͼ䵶ֵֻжȥһֵ䵶ˡ
ͿͼһѪιȥˡ
κڳǽϿ·һһɽˣǾ̫Զ֪ûҪ
Ӻа͵ϮûгɹľʿǣΣղʺսձˡ
·һսսūԱ󽫣˰Ǹ֣·ıûҪҲǸ˺һˡ
ٽٽٽ
κҾȫڣٽķڷǽĶӣҲ˳뻯
ȮӰϧүδѣȻտ϶ˡ
ǰʹ죬ʤٽ³!
κҾף·ĳʦݣūӪկһƬ
ЩͰκҾʲôʱһκɶ֪ҪǺãūū̫Ӻа
ǰû˵κɣͻȻðġ
㻹ʲôȥ飬ˣôˣ
κмڻڻԣǼֱӹᴩ˹ļ򣬾ôԶκɾȻֲ˹


109 Զ
ӺаһôԶľʸȻܴⲻ˵κɼҲԶԶڳˣ󽫣ԼҲδʧˡĻܺκ潻ˡ
ߣȥá
Ӻаߵ۷ƵӪʾõˣ㣬ֿ˵߽˭
ã˾ͺúϢЩ㲻˻һˣҪŭ
֣ǲ鵽˭ôԶľ룬񱳺۾ƵģҵļȻһҡ
Ѿȥˣֻ֪κɣ˽ٽӦκĶӣ֮ǰ鱨˵κӶδʮ֪꣬κǴðģѾȥ̽ˣȻκսǿ϶潻ˡ
֣㿴ûа취ƵŹصı棬һ֮Һ۷Ĳݡ
ԼãҾ˵ǣҪΪ㲻ţ˳ôĸ󽻴
ûϵ֣㿴ҲҲκ϶һ˲ΰκɱƳҲãȻҾȻ֪ǻĵơ
ôһ֡
ٽȷż
ҿ
·һĿʮпȷţ¾ȻͬݴκҾµ˼ڳҲûôȶ֪£³òȣԼȻ·˱߹أʱ
óȷ˵ҽѾſ·ˣ·԰Ӧò˶þܻؼˡ
ʵͳ˵·ֺ˶˵·ǲɶõĽţ֮ǰȥŸ۸֪·Ů
֮ǰ·ϣģ֪·ŮԺ󷴶˺ܶ࣬κģܰôҪİѱ͵Լ֤һҵģȷ·õѡ
⼸ǻԺѾ£佫ıȨһΪĽֵܣһ汱ߵȷҪһԱأһֱûж֧
ôҪ鶼дŸ̵ֵܲ壬ǿ԰Ѻ󱳽Էˡ
·ŮӾ֤ӵоԼŮһȻƹʮ˹ݣûڳһְٰϧĳӣҪԼλѡ
·յԺͰˣȻͬˣͿԷˣһѵѡһǧһǧϴνĸ·ʵ󣬶·ͶأԶŬѵ
·ڱӪһԶ󣬹˼գڵõ˼ʱȽٵԲβǻҪĥ·ҲûͲԶڲޣõԶҲǿԼ򵥵ھġ
Զû˵һСūƵŹһӣеʳĴСȫɱˣ·ԺѪӿһ£ֱԡ
·ɳ½һСȥ׷ֹӣ߼ӿԶҪū͵Ϯõİ취ǳȥǣǴˣǻҲ͵Ϯϰա
죬˵һԶҲѾˣҪ׼ͷȣ·ʹӱӪ֮һɳ̣ȺһȥŹصߴͼֽɳ̡
λʼҲ֪·æʲôſžɳ̺ϤⲻŹظеɽǳ
Ȼūפλúʵķֲ
ˣˣ㿴ٽȻūʡ
ٽô֪ģѵٽǧۡ
λḻ
ٽε֪ūôģ
ߣλǳǽϿҲõ
ߵǽϾͿ·һԲͲһ·λݸ³³ʹǱ߿·ָһ¡
~üһūԵùõİȻɱţԡ
³ԼҿѾȥˡ
ٽǺȻܿôԶϵ붼һ
Ҳ³ҿ˵Ǹˡ
λԶֻǵһѣؿˡ
˭ߣȥҪһ
λżжҪŲ˵ϾҪˣȳԺɺãȻ»Ҫй¶ǶеΡ
ףףٽٰĩ
·ڳϹģȻӪ˶δ˼գɳ̸ո깤͵ˡ·żӪӭϫh


110 
ǧǧǧǧ꣡
ɣλҲǵһδ򽻵ˣھӪͲҪҹˣҼɡϫhΪսǼ򵥵װУһװɫġ
ɣû뵽һһҪһս
㣬ⲻû취𣿻ˣҪʲôҲᡣ
ˣװˣҶ˵ھӪˣ߰ɣģҸһЩʱæʲôûд
λȥæɣҺɡЩϽǺ۴ɽˣҲ֪Ƕǽֵܣٽȷǳܡ
˵·Ӫ棬·ϫhһ衣
Ȳ衣
ţĴæʲôҲûҸһЩƽõĶһҽֻϫh֣һųӣ·֪϶ǸŮģΪûкᡣ
Ӱ֮ǰһֱߵģҰˣ㴦㲻鶼Խ
лл㣬ȷʵҪ
¸ȡְɣԺֻˡ
Ȼóҽͽƶô
л˴
ôȡָƼһ
ɩɩ
ˣ˵˵Ĵ㣬ȻˣһҪūÿ
㣬ˣҲУ֮ǰһСɽ·Ҵľɱӣڳˣҵ뷨ǣŹأҴһСɱūĸжǵĺ·װÿֻԼʳ컹Ǿսսȡһΰūˡ
Уһ£һԺ󲻹ûҶҪ뿪
ˣ㣬ᳬʮ죬ˣҴȥʿһ¡
Ŷʲô¶
㿴˾֪ˡ
·ųʣϫhͿһ޴ɳ̣һЩӺͱŵ
ǣ
㣬ŹⷽԲʮĵͼ
⣬ôϸµģȥ𣿡
㣬뿴·Զݸϫh
Ǻ
ǧۣȻǧʮﲻ⡣
Ŷ~Ķҿе
ǵģвӨ͸
أɫ
ȥһԱ֪ˣǵھġ
ϫhõȥһȦȻǸöľⲻܶ˭Ρ
㣬ֻ֮ǰ³ҪҶûи˵䡣
κҾĵ˺úõоһ£ٰţɹȻʧ
ūӪʡ
ã鵽ˣκɹȻκ϶ĶӣʧɢĶӣ֮ǰûгֹҪκԲѣ϶֣ʱ鲻ֻ֪κĸͻȻκҾġ
۷Ƶһֻ֡ʲô鵽ƾðһˣ·ô򣿡
ҪֱӹǰɣȥһǾͳ
˵ɣǵĳǽι̵úô
Ҫ͵Ϯϴһɼ˽ȥǷرʱ򿪳ţֻҪſˣ˵߾ߡ
аɣɼˣһɹģ´ֱȫȥ
ãͲҪˣ˰ͻȥɣҪҹ˲㡣
аɣɼ˸ҡ
ʱһֹʮ죬ʮ·ѵһǧˣҸõҹװȫ·һǧĳˣ·ûڽֱͣӴһǧ˼оգƵūӪصıҪĿжʮūĺ·
ѾϫhãգϫhͿūԺūضˣӴܣ·ūıؾ֮·ϣ䲻⹥䲻
ȡһū˶ŹҪū˧áֱӾͿǯƺӵڣô겻ٺʹĿս
һǰΣ
ٽ뿴ƽ̹ĵطǰɽūܿ϶˴ǻǵıؾ֮·
ߣԭϢһɽȥ
·һɽߴ˴ɽվɽŴ·խͷСмƺ«״Ҳܳȷһĺõطūȫ«Ϳ׽
һǲǳˣ
ԣūĻٹյ֮ū
ãֻһǧˣôȫɽҪ֮ǰĺۼĨɾǴɽɽмλ壬Զһ㷥ľСľͷĵ̡ľͷʱʯͷһɽ׼ʯͷ


111 ʤ
õģٽ
·ϸһ£ɽȻһ۾ܿͨûйĵطԲǰͰ·ˣҪūһֻ֪ڵ壬ҪĴʯͷɽܰɽǾͿ԰ūɽɱˡ
ϫhںͼλץūˣ֪֮̿ūļƻϫhƾͼƣ׽ʱ·ӦҲѾƵȥˡ
һϣڳⶼر𰲾м͵͵ĿŹصĳţȫ֪ڰй۲ǡ
˰سŵɱԺŹسصĴţúɵЩ򵥣ǻ˼ϲòǴ˰ţĺӺаһţʹԼĲſ£ɱ
ǰĺӺаź󣬿ſտҲڳǣԾͷһʮϾҪȫˡ
Ļģ˱˱ԡӺа֪Լ϶ϵˡ
ʮڹڴ
ȻŹأͺúͰϫhڳǽϡ
ϫhʲôʱģ Ӻаϫh֪鲻򵥣һʱµĻ
Ŷ~˺üˣǲɡ
Ӻа~~Ҫǹϳš
ϫhɱū̫ȻɱҴͨաȻĳս£ūȻǿ벻̡ϫhҪǸۣƴĵĴۡ
Ҫʱ򣬺ӺаŲ˲ŴŹӳ²һˣϫhΪܵʱ򰴼ƻ·Ǳȥɳ˴ںƵ׷Ӻа
ӺаԼʣµĲ£÷裬ϫhǸ
ǰκڵʱǷأ׷ǡλǵڿ϶طû˵̫֮λᶪˣϾЩǶλû񣻲Уܾȥ
ˡ
ʲôԸ
Ĳĸ
ûǴĻչɽǵҲ
ߣȥҲˡôҲҪһʤǵڲŲ
ĺӺа֪굽·׼Ĵ档
һպӺа˺۷ơô£ôôǱ
ã㲻˺üô
ҲԼǣôֻôһˣ
ˣϫhǸһ˲ӣҪ̣ĵˡ
۷ϫh־ԼսϵԭȻϫhͬĹңС˵ϫhĹ£ʮֳ
ΪһŮ֮սñеĻ⣬һķɾͺˣֻû뵽ϫhˣȴսˡ
֣ô죿ֱӻ𣿡
ȥҲǽǣɱȥҪֱӻǣڲŹҵģ̫֮λҪˡ
ðɣҺһ𡣡
ţ߰ɡ
·ڳԸոտõҰãһٽˡ
รŶõжˣ
ӦûһʱᵽӲˡ
ǳֱŹأȥ׼ɣ߶ǣǵ˧Ǿܺݺݵһˡ
ס
Ԥһʱūģū·ϢһΣ·ӲʱӺаǲߡ
ȺӺаǵĶ̤ɽеʱһʯͷľ׮ɽϹ
ãˣ˳ɽꡣ
ɱ~
ɱ~ɱһɱ׬ˡ
ɽڷʯͷа˰ڽɽߣֻ˰˼˳ʱ任ֱͣһֻֻɱĻһһʽǰ˶·һڻ
ˣʼʯͷһɥʧսҲһǧĽɱʣ޼Ӻаͺ۷ڷ²ǧңĳʷϷǳʤɽ֮ս
·Ӻаҧһô˻ɱκɣⱰСˣб°ҷˣĴһֻ͵Ϯʲôú
°ܽôĿһ⿪ӡ
Ӻа·һԴ棬̫
κɣū̫ӺаҲұɱҸмֵ
˶˵ʶʱΪܣϲҲȻɰɣһƥ
κɣܲܰҲɰˡ
۷ƿ·зߺޣһ䴩ˣŰߣģ޳Ӧò毺ãֱܣֻҧһ֪ͲﶺӦֱӻǵġ
·û뵽ץūӦҲսˣ͵һưɡ
аһû뵽㣬ȥҪͳúõĺϼƺϼƣöթһӵڰ


112 칦
ߣȥߡ
·֪ɽĶﲻԶĵҲˣϾɱ죬ߺҲǰ鿴ضūʿСľʱȥūͥ㱨ȥˡ
ô²·Ҳ߲죬ΪûҲûиЩ˳Էιˮ³Ĵ󲿶ӡ
ٽȻһǧ˾Ȼ򣬷²ǧҵ
λˣǾϻŹذɣҹζ࣬źӵڲյϢˡ
á
ԺգŵŹأ˳ϫhڳӭӡ
ɣúܺãһȥ򸸻ʸ빦
㣬ˣ常𣿡
ûУȷ˵ѾкתˣҽҲ˵ӦÿҪҩˡ
ץ˺Ӻаú۷ƣҪȻʲôҩ
˵ߣȥϴһȥʺӺа
˵ϫh²Ӫȥڷ²ӪڳǷһ˻·һңһˡô˶ˣֻҪǳԵ̫ϼӿܻǲġ
˷²ӪͿӺаͺ۷Ǳһ
Ӻа㣬ϴĨڼϵĶʲô
Ҳ֪˵ʲôûĨʲô
ǲǽȰ˵ÿ仰֮ǰҪˣȻ²ӪҲûбҪڣ˵𣿱ϾǿҴ޸֮׶ɱ˵ġ
۷һԿţǴĵĳϫhˣȻԭŮӲһɫļУ򵥵һβ˿;øɾӢʮ㣻ϧעѡ
ޣҩؾͻҩͻʹ˻ԡ
ãΪʲô˵
֣ǻѡ𣿡
λǸˣʶʱΪܣӺаÿɱܿơ
ϫh
ˣ۷ƹôϵķϣһסġ
ʳǼ֮Ժϫh˸ҽţŲܽⶾ
·ͼλԤʾһսʱһ䣬ϫhţòϫhúӺаͺ۷Ҳμ칦磬ɱĲˡ
·ϴϢһҲμ칦磬ս·ȡߡ
ˣ
۷ƶرУתͷȥԭһС磬սΪء
ϫh֪ԭ֮ǰǺӹأ
ʧʧѹһֱŸ첲ԼһҲˣҲã游ˡ
۷ƣ~ΪκСªԲĿʾء
·ʵڶԲʧˣԼ̫ÿҾġ
۷ƣ컬ࡣ
Ѿ²ˣô񣿡·۷Ҳʮ߰ӣŴūĴһģһë׵İӣһĳ࣬壬۾䡣
ڲԭϳԭһԭ죬ڲǵˣͦɰ
ӺаκСҪ̫ôҲūĹ
·Һ°°ܽ
Ӻаͺ۷ˣ²òͷ
ˣɣƣȻûѾζҲһζ
õ 㡣ʲôʱ뿪
λţȲߣҹƸʻµָʾġ
ãǿ̫ˣǲǿأ
ʱߣκûУҪκ˲ߣӺ͹㲻֪ӵڻʲô𣿡
ܲܲҪǰɶԼ߲ˣҪ衣
Ҵĵľڣûʲôط˲˵ĵطϫhҲ°ܽӡ
㣬ǣɱ
·ܹˣ常һԼͿԻ¤ˣ˵ܸϹ꣬áһ·ͺȶˣҼһκ·Ⱦƣơ
ӪľƾͱѾҺܶ࣬·ܿ΢ˡ
㣬Ϊ㳪һ衣
Ŷ~ɻᳪ谡ϴ
ȿ~
۵ˣ
۵ˣ
ɶһ
ֻǶʵľװ
۵ˣ
ɶһ
Դ뿪˼磬
Ѽ
˵һ
ʵҲһ
ഺ껪
Ѫɣ

۵ˣ
----
ããٽ׸質³Ѫڣ
ɣȻᳪĸ衣
ø谡ø裬Ͽڣǵ˵
~ˡ
·ԼҲ棬ԼִʱԼЩսѡ


113 
۷Ʊڱķ߿֮УͻȻκɵĸʲôӣ
תͷȥͿκɺȵշ죬űӳûӣһɹ¶ѵʡһȫȻԼ˵ֱۣҲһɺ˸ոĵߡ
ϫh·ĸ裬Ҳ˻֮УôսԼĸײŵʱԼߣ֪ҲѾ档
ϫhӦʱ·Ѿſ˯ˡһЦ࣬ӷȥϢɡ
õģ¡
ڶ·߳ӪʾͿ˭Цļ۵ģѵԼʧ̬ˣһǲȶƬģκľ̫ˣһһټ̫˼ӣˣһСľͺȶˣȫ벻Լʲô
࣬ûʲôɣ
ûаӡûоͺãԼʲô顣
ˡ࣬˵ܲܲҪ
ҳʲô
۵ˣ۵~̫ϴˣƶû취ʣھ׸˳
ˣˣ֪ˡ·ްΪʲôҪôƣ⳪Ǹɶֻûʲôǹڰġ
ӳӪصֵ˶޵ϡﻩġ
ûˣǻҪͳ²İ⣬ӲͷƤȥˡ
·һȥˢˢĿעĿ񣬿óⶼˣ·ȵһģǶĵĺˣûС
ˣ
㡣߳ܰ
ɣϵͦģ˰де˶봫
Զԣٽĩ֪ٽȻᳪ裬ʲôٽġ
õģ֪λεķ²ô죿ˣ˵İɡ
ʱûãɿʲôõĽ飿
ҿͿ϶кܳʱ䣬Ҳ԰׷Ǹǿİɡ
а취϶ˣôģ
ðײãȰѻĵطֳһһģĶһѻˣŵʱͿڡ
𣿺⡣
УκȥŰɡ
㣬ҿս¸һ䣬ǵʿҲûʲô飬ڹôĵأҪȻʿС󣿡
ⶼô˻𣿡
֣СͿʱѩܰѳЩСճɻá
Ȼ㻹ǶֵУаɣʿĿ֮ȥֵذɣλ𣿡
û⣬ȫ¶ٽҶʲô飬ֳСܶԼٱͬ⡣
Ҳͬ⡣
ȻҶͬȥŰɣɣ½ලˡ
õĳ㡣
·صԼӪʾͿʼӣдţʱæýŲմأһ䣬ûʲôΣյˣдһƽţ֪ڼûҡ
·ͿʼˣǸԼůĵطִʱ᲻˵ĸоһֽǣҵĶ
·ֻдδܵоԱ󽫣гҲˣֻҪʿֵؾˡжǵ˼дһ䣬ǳʱڳĺĺװĹʫ̫ˣõʱֻ䡣
һԼ⣬ŸҲ˺ܴĶܳƪ빡ȥŰŸϾͷˡ
Դ·Ժӣ컹ǸŮǿˣΪĸ׺Сܱ¶̫ģÿڴϵʱϴ棬ĺܺ·Σգĵ˯ž
Ȼ˿ûʲô𣬵Ƕ̶̵ʮ˾һȦʱ䣬·ӦѾ˱߹أӵĵ·ƽţǵȰȣ˺þöûš
ӣӣ㿴ڵӣȥ̵ĻûʲôأҲ𣿡ƿӣЩۣԼôÿγսԼӪڵĵʱ˵ĻҲز
ƣǰȥսʱʲô飿
ҲҪСģӣҪǻ˶۰
˵˰ˣôдŻ
ս˲Ϣ䣬ǵһսҪӹܾӪ϶Щѵģһʱ֮æҲпܵģˣˣҶˡ
ԲҲƲԼ
ЩƲСһ
·Ÿ뵽¤ʱӣɴӹлصң~~ֹһֻӵȹǱܣһȻֻŸ룬һֻϰš
ӣȲĴ·˵ƽ£ս¸һ䣬ҲһôѹƵ˼բĺˮһֲļ䡣һ䣬־Щۡ
ӣϺСһţȻһûġҲĨᣬþˣҲİǰﲻʲôӣҪǣǣúõıԼС


114 ²
֪ġ
ףĵ˴ӢۣԺСҲҪһ
úãСˣͺȥѧԺϿΣҪúõѧϰԺһӢۡ
ãСһúѧġ
СȥˣӣϽסȥ
ӣǱ߹أɶϷھӪ֮УҲȥ
֪ܳһ档
߹ػңһŮˣôȥȥ֮ô죿
ƻһȥҪˣҲûʲô飬ȥԺȥĸĸסһ𣬲Ĺ¡
㡭~ˣס㣬ԼС˵
Ǽ鷳ˡ
ֻǸڰֻ֡һģҪˡ
·дƽԺͿʼֶС飬Ȼʱ䲻࣬ǻþӪ˶࣬Ϸ²ӲǧĶС
Ұæµˣ·һ˿㣬ʳһҵĸﵽʱջٵʳ
ūǱ߽ӵܵϢһѪԼʮԼĶŮ϶ѾΪˣ˳𲻱Ǿӡ
ټ壬һʮľӣٴνŹأʱյľţ׼غӺаͺ۷ƣб²ʿ
ūھͣĸȥֻҪԼĶŮһɱľһֲΪʤӵɳԼܣͼ³Ϊε
ϫhôսľḻū߹صʱ䡣ɣ̫ԣūʹ̫ˣһթ
㣬ӹﰡ
Ҫ˵˼άȥūˣҰսΪսܵķ²ֹͣӶĽŲɼȥǧۣŲǾдˡ
ãġ
۵ּǣūֻͣҪʣͷŷ²Ͼڲ⻹кܶ࣬ʺϺūģĿսϫhҲ֪ūжҹɣǼЩԴĻ
ūǽ˻ƽʮʮţ٣һǧֻеķ²ǵӹ
û뵽ūҪΪɱôˣūӦûɵǡ·Ҳû뵽пٷսҪöൢؼҡ
Ժϫh֮С
ϫhݳūʹŻվ͵Ź⣬ūʹźһִ׳β͡
·㣬жˣ
ϫhݳ˵ǲڶʮ
³ģЩȻ
½һսˣ֪δ˭
ϫh˵ҲһʣӦūڵֵܣͼ³ˡ
κףͼ³ɲöԸʱūһʿ֮ƣҲҲֻܱâ
·úã̫ûкúôһˡҵҪҵ˭ʤһˡ
ϫhǸλ˵һ£ӭս
ʦ£¹ٽҺͺӺак۷βһˣ⼸ǹ۲һ˵̬ϰߣʱȥū˽Ȩһֱǵ
·ʦ˵öԣȻҲһڷ²棬ʱ䲻⹥䲻
ϫhãǾǺúһˡ
Ӻаͺ۷Ƽľ⼸տʼɫҴңҲū˳ȥֵˣ֪϶˱仯һǵĴˣ˰죬ؼʱǼˡ
ȻԺľϴһͰǴȥķ²һˡ
·λūʹžӶλˣ˳ĻǾūӪˣô߲ˣ
ӺаκɣҪɱҪϤ㣬Ҫġ
·~ⲻϢ
۷һԿ·۾˸ŲĹâԺųӣ˲ԭֵĺӣһμԭӵӢ
оԼıʲôסˣִ˼УߣԵ˼غ
ŹʮԼ²ĵط
ϫhŹ·ߣǰ棻Ȼ·ֻʿǾΧʮڸ
ūʹߣ֪λγƺ
·ôƺҪ֪ڿаѶ׼á
ūʹߣȻ뿴
·һԶţȺūϵӣʾκǰ飬κǰ˼ӣȷǽ鱦ҲţȺȺ·һͷ
·ˣ͹Ǵ 


115 һ
ūΪòֻ²ǶڣӪʮֲãǵ͹ͷ棬ֻǴܿӺ͹
ūʹߣ̫ǵ׼ôĽȴ˶ԴҾʿ
·ԲӣôأܸһڳԵѾǺܺˣʹ֪ôˣһҪԺöʳء
ūʹߣ~
ŷ²ȫ߳ߵӪɧʼѾǽţսһˣūʹȽӵ²ԺŸ
·ҲżԼҲȷ²ȥԺٿʼȻ꣬ЩҲǵġ
ūһʱ֮߹ȥģȷ²ūʹţ²Ϳʼܽʹţūʹŵĺһʱɱ졣
·óϵĴ󴸣¾ͳ˳ȥūʹŵ˻ŷ²ˣ޷ı²ذˣūʹűɱ˸ֲ
رǸոպ·˵ˣ뱣Ӻ͹˭֪ذ״֮ʱﻹţʱеͷǣû뵽˽թ׼
ϫhŹصĳǽ֮ϣó·ǧۣ۲ǰķ紵ݶĺӺаͺ۷Ҳһߺ޵Ŀϫh
ôűⲻҴĳĸһʹͣһֵҴһֲǾ汻ǵˣ۷ƹӦңձûǼ졣
˻ǳǷ˹ȥ²ʵȫľŷ²ӪﻹԼˣӺаҪ
թȻūԼȣ͹ֲۻˡ˵ʵڵģ治ʱ˷ǲ½˭ʤ˭ء
Ӻаͺ۷ƽһϫhκɴ䣬ֱңϣūʿƯɣ뻹лȥϣ
ƶ౾һֱ·߱սǺܿͱɢˣ·ĿȷҪҵǸͼ³
û˱һսϵƻ·ɱħɱħǧ·ĸоһԼϣѭŷ򿴹ȥһӵĴ
ֻһȷǿ϶Ǻͼ³Ϊɱ˵ķʽ֪һ԰師սϵһͲͨõ
·һԴһյû磬ͼ³ķȥɱһѪ··ٺãǧ֮УҲ
ڵ·ûиоһֱɱͼ³ǰ˶վ
߹ر˵κҾٽͷߣ˵ľɣ
вգκҲظ¾ūһʿҲĺͼ³ͼ³ˣ
һЩѾܶ겻ɽˣܺúôһˡոͼ³κһ·ɱӣ治κĶӣս
Ǿͼ³ͽˡ
һʱ䶼ᵽʢ·ΪԼֺ͵ģս˲Ϣ䣬Բע⣬ٲҺͼ³Ȼô֤꣬˲򵥡
Ȼһ֣һ£رǺͼ³ΪκһЩ죬϶ҲκھиƵԭ򣬸ոһѾ˳ˣû뵽κɾȻɾͽ֤ȷ˵
·ԼһϲûռơֻƾݣҲԼȻҪó汾ˡ
ͼ³Ȼ鴫~
ʮغϣ·ϾҪһЩͼ³ľ֧ˣǾϵĽ򲻹·ˣսˡ
·ͼ³ͼʤ׷ģūʿסڵȥͨ˴У׷ͼ³ˣսɻ䵥Ӫ
ֹһյʱ䣬ūձūߣ·ŷԼ˺ܶĵˡ⻹һأʹ
ȥ£ҾԱͽʿ壬˻Źء
·ƶصԼӪʣѿˣϴССʮ˿ڣҪҲû˽ǡ˿ڴã·ȥϫhĽ
֮лֻϫhһˣӦûƺϫh·˾ô˶ذɣ
·أСˣǸͼ³Ȼ鴫ҳôһƾеĶ֡
ϫhý֪ǿǿ֡
·ˣ׼֣´һˡˣЩţͶأ̲ܰ״򰡡


116 
ϫh㻹Щأ~ţ򱻳ɢһ֣ڳ½Ѿȥ£ˣЩֻǰ漸ģֻǽĶʯͷˡ
·ūǽƻţҲˣ㣬ǿ԰ɣ˴ˣҸоԼܳһͷ򡣡
ϫh~Уֻս½ƣơ
·ãġ
ϫh֪ͺãջСʤڵ˺ˣûкõô򣿡
·ϴп϶ǲˣǿ϶з֪ô룿Ҫȥ
ϫhұ͸ߵģǵˣҲ֪߾Ҳͻţǿ϶ܳȥūġ
·ǾͰɣؽһսԺūҲ׹ˡ
ϫhãԲӦ䣬ūûˣȻ˱ҹƺͼ³϶𹥼ΣϾūڿɲϢȻˣպҪ뿪ˡʱڴˣһ游ʵģȫūҪҼ
·㣬ģһūҴһ
ϫhˣȷ˾ʹȥһˣӰյս£û˵Ҫڻͻȥһ˰ɡһ
·ܵģҵȻͻȥſһˡ·֪ʲô飬ûҪ£Ͽ϶ڹġ
·ΪϽˣƶһ·񱼵ͿԱվӣŵ۾ǽ㣬˺öࡣ
·ӣܹȥӣ·һ˲ͱסˣȹҲ·ȥ˱һ𣬡㣬ôôԶ·ѩ
ʵ̫ˣյźҾͳˣģƻġ
㡣·ĶǸжϾһֻΪһ治ѩ·ңɽˮ
ȿ~˵˼࣬⻹棬֮ͥء
ĸ常ɺһЩˣ·ϵžеΣǣӣ֣ݼϡ
ǰѾѹˣɵľãǸҩҲÿջǴʱ䶼˯ƻһʱ䡣
ѹ˾ͺãȥ常
˯ˣСںò׼棬ɣ常ʱŵġ
ãĸ
Яֵϸ׼ԺӣһԷ·ȰŹϣӣϣֻһʽܽ˼֮࣬ʱ˺ܾã֪˶ŷֿӣ·üۡ
㣬Һ㰡
·ҲǣҪȻô߾˵һ͸дŵģ˼ҵ˺þúþá
Բ𣬽㣬һ߹Ͷ࣬~
ˣ˵ ҿûСӣ˵žͿʼ··
㣬ûˣ⻹ǰء·ӣԼ˿ڣۡ
ҪۿУҷĲ¡ӣİ·ֻʣ£첲ϵˣһˡ
㻹˵ûˣЩʲô˿ڻѪ
СˣҪģġ϶ǸոֱˣҵȻö°һ¡
˭ոպһ𣿡
ˣͨҽҲŮӣոǿ߱ҵġ
ãھȸһ¡
ˣ㶼ˣҰ·ɣе䡣
ӣۿƶ뿪Ժ󣬲ŷĵ·ţӣ·Ļ·˵ʱ䷢顣
ϰµ䵽ʵ˾Գڷһ磬Ҳûǣֻ˳˷Ϊ·ˣֻǣ˯һ
ڶһ˴ԺȥԺȻԺһ档
常
ˣɣɣʱӪˡ뵽ԼŮ񳤹һɱУκۡ
࣬常һսսʱһ䣬常㲻Ҫģ϶һЩСײˣ¹Ҳ뿪ʱһסŹصġ
Ϊ壬һʱ䣬ûа취ȥֻࡣҲҪˣǾ常ĸ׹ٻȥ𣿡
ЩС£常Ϊأҿ϶常һЩ˵
ţɣӪҶ˵ˣ˵ӴһЩô꣬Ҳеɱɱˣֻسɣ֮ǰһսͳ֣ūһսӮƯūλؿˡúãκĺӡ
常ƥⱾӦġ
κˣãáЩĸҲ˵ˣˣͷȥɣҶֻ֧֣ǿϧˣô飬ȴܸ
常ұͲЩϴʤԺҺܶӣѾˡ


117 ӣĻ
ǺǣãĿⷿҲȥһϲľȥô常ҲһЩ
ãлл常
Ȼǲż棬ǵҪ˵ɻǾؾӪɣ¹ҪˣҪȥһ㣬Ͼ⻹פʮūء
ã常úõ壬ͻȥӪ
˴Ժ㣬Բ㲻㡣
ûµģ֮ǰ֪ȥɣҼһ棬ҲѾˡ
ίˡ
ίĸ׶Ҳܺã㲻õġӣʱ׼ֻҪ·ȥڱ߹زԶˡ
ãʮ͹ˣҹһġ
š
ϧ·ΪǵģθʹرǿԳģû뵽ŴҲӲһ̾Ϣ~
һ·ۻ˾ӪȻϫhĲѾʰˡ
ɣˣκ𣿡
ǵģ㣬ǻһʱ䡣ˣӣˡ
ţӣôģҲǺ֣߹صĵطô˵
㣬ˣ֪ƻһҾͷˣˣŰɡ·ֻҪһ뵽ӣʮĵط;һЩ
֪ǸãⲻǵˣҪˣҿɲˡ
лл㣬ұ֤¡
֪㲻ᡣ
ϫhߺ·һķھϣˣٴһʱܺӣؼȥܿģҲǸɾκҾ˶ΪûиٽְΪٽԺ̳Ҳûо֡
·˱Ӫ־ҽһСӤһֱ޵۵ġ
ôк
ٽˡϴȥǸģһҶūɱˣʣôСӣһʱ֮Ҳ֪͵ȥͱ˻
ұкŮ
ŮӦò£ˣôٽһͲˡ
֮ǰһֱ𣿡·һαôСĺӣСӤϹŵᣬĶˡ
ް˯ŲޣʼΪǶˣιôǿޡ
ﲻУǴүǣҲչ˲ﻷôңҰ͵ȥɡ߿ʲôˣ·жԸ롣
ûУʱֻ١
֪ǺģԺ鲻ҪҴţǴ˾Ϲٴ
ٽ
·ȥԼӪʣͻȻҸĸ֮ǰһֱӣһ
СҲ޸ĸˣʱһԼܻȥЩеӣӦҲɻء
Ժ·дһŸӣ£Ƿͬ⣬ֽƶһȰѺͻȥӣĸӦ֪ôӣھӪá
·Լƻ˵úܣҲû뵽ԼŹһ˻ܵøŮ
⺢̫ɰˣһ󣬻·СĴָ֡·͸ȡһ֣һŵС֣yueϣһӶ֣ɳ
ӣںأ⼸ճȥŹع˹䣬һЩ·Ьӣ϶һ·ûˣ춼·мСǣƶͱŰֻˡ
ٷˣٽ˵ǰ֣㿴žˡҾͻؾӪˡ
áӣȵĽӹ֣۾Цһ¾Ͱӣ˼ǰ
ƼٿһЩ
С㣬·ߣѾٶˡ
ӣҲ֪뵽ԼҲСＱúܣ·ֻвͣĴߴٲܻһĵĽꡣոպ÷Ϣ̫ˡ
ϴμСʱ򣬻սϢ֮ʱʱѻˣΪѪǿűʹһ˹ǰ
֪ᷢ飬ʱԼӦߵģ˰ʱŵСңС΢ĿѵԼ
ӣ䣬һŨѪζŴ֮ɫҰ׵СᣬһӾͳˣСᣬټһ£ȥõĴˡӣ߬סС֡
ӣޣ֪Ѿ첻ˣҸˣҲܽˡ
~СᣬиոճĺأΪҲܷԼ
ӣ˵ҳһڵҪ˵Ļܺ˽ֻܰңҴѺи㡣Ҳֻ㣬ܴ
Сᣬ˵κҶӦҪԼ


118 ʱӣ
ӣûʱˡӣоСֽԼл䣬˫۽ϡ
ƼƼС~˯˯˵Ҫһӵĺýã鵽ϵأ
С㣬һѲֻ˲Ƭ
ӣæӹƬ˿ҶС죬Ѿ޼£ֻоԽԽڴһһʧӣƲסıһʹ޵Ĳѡ
ƼԱ߰οС㣬ҶСѾȥˣ㲻Ҫ̫ѹ˵ʱ򣬵ǣܸ֣һ
ӣ˿̸Ƽ˵ʲôССദһĻĻٵСʶ
Ůʱڵһӣ֣һ΢ӣƮ䣬СվӣĶ΢Ц񾲶á
СᣬҪӾͺˣҾͿõס
ӣ˵ʲôɵءҪǿ϶Ϊѵģδķʲô𣿡
ûԺû㽹ӵģ
ôأٹÿ϶Ҫˣ˾Ҫ׵ġģǳˣҲһӵĺýá
~˵ΪʲôҪء
СƮӣǸʱԲףһһӸöá
һСͻȻһ£ȻΪʲôϢһ˿ɬ
ʱʶԼ뷨ж档ǰ֪ǶҪ˼ҵˡ
СҪ׵Ϣ󲻾ãԼĵҲԼһŻ¡
ӣĵ׾ų涼ûмֱӳ׵ķʽףոհ䲼ɷҲ
Ҳûа취Լ¥룬ǰʹӦʱһ¥һֱҪܸԼҵҲΪ̻֮ңĶĿȾ
С׶Դ̣ԺҲҪԼĲҵֻܸһŮıϡ
׵ĵ˵еǸǫǫӣƿͷʱܵų֣ĿԼû취ˡ
֣⵱ȵ֮ͷ˯˯֣⣬һ
ӣر尾ס֣⣬֣㣬ǽܲ˸һİԲġ
ڶ֣ѣӣ뷨֣һסֱۣ˵Ѿ֣ˣⱲӣֻܰҾңƾʲôҪӦҪ󣿡
֣⣬ſң㵱뷽跨ӽҵȻµΪʲôͿֻ̻ΪǮ𣿡
֣ס°ͣ~ôѾˣô죿Ȼȷʵ̻֮Ůǲò㻹мɫġ
ӣ˦֣㲻ҪǮֻҪǮûŮίֻҪӦңҿԸǮӣû뵽Լǫǫӣ˽»αӡ
ҿҪСԸǮԼˡ
ӣһԼļױ¥ǾԲܸģ˾¥һЩͷ棬ǧӣǮһԸԼ̫ˡ
ȸһĿ֧ҶԺÿҶʮ
֣ﵽԼĿģҲӣѾ䵽ԼͼװӦԺ󣬻ԼôôһܳڸԼǮˣֶΪ
ӣʱס֣⣬ҲԼ
ǺþԼĵ￴֣滨ƵأֿʼߴϿ컳УúӰ֣ڼǾֻҪ˺ӣͻˣ첻żҡ
ӣϾҸ˵ʵ飬ڽͷöʱͻȻһ뷨ΪβٻУʱֱӱһӣĸһҲ԰Ѻܶ鷳Լ°Ҳ顣
ҲߣֻҪαװĺãҲᷢ֡
ӣ֣£ʱ֣ѾڻƵۣʮѲĻӻ֣ӣһǧļ룬û˿ԥʹӦˡ
ֻҪǮϷʲô顣
ӣǸ񾭲ȻˣΪһףôļǮҪôӲҪôǲϲˡ
ҲӣһǧƱܳΪӵĻ֮ˡ
ٻԺٻسǣҸĸһֱȥسǿ¥ҲܾˣԼƤºױ¶
ڵ֣ҲǺܹе飬ֻ֪Ǯܺò


119 
ӣΪСĺ£СҴ˼죬ʱüٻа˸ˣҲ԰Լļٶõˡ
ҪСĺӺúԺԼ׹⣬үڸЦһӣܾڤڤ֮˵İŰɡ
ΪСĺԼҪȴӱʹ߳
ӣٻ֣֮ʱΧ˶Ϊǻȥˣ֣һ˼صǸŮԸ࿴һۡ
ӣˣԼҲѾˣܸеһ
û뵽֣ȻԼˡ
Ȼһڱȫˣٱ֣ҪЮ뵽ɷԼܻˣ־û֣ⲻء
֮һֱûи·˵飬ΪȷʵˣҲȷʵΪ˹Ѹ˶úģԼĵ
ûںǷ֮Ҳû⣬ֻԼƼ÷֪ܡ
ҲΪʲôӣ˵Ҫԭ򣬵ΪСӣһ𳤴󣬸񣬸ҲԸ뿪
ŻСӤʱСһеĻ䡣
СΪ˻ĵıʹҲΪ˽ԼģһЩСҲŧĸ顣·û뵽ģ·֮ĸҲһԼԴСʱĸоഺΪˡ
ӣΪֻǾӲĺʱһ£Ժ֪ԭ·ŮԼŮ
·ţӣҲСŮ̫ˣôһ󣬾ûһˣ·Լ뷨ıˣѹమ
·మ֪·ںԼĹȥ֪ǹѸкӣȻҰݼڣĶԴСֵĵ˿ûӦø·һ
ӣֱӾϿ·뷨и·ĺӣԼҲýʱȥʱ˵Լģһʱ䣬Լ¤ʱͻˣһԺȥҲԲĹȥ
ԺԼŮˣ·Ůӣһ¾£ʼ׼Եġģ֪Ժ·˼Ҳ׼˺֣ܶ컹ӣȥԺ档
үûףΪʲôɺͺӣԼӣҪСӣһҪԲԲ
~鲻øģǡϴȥ¤ʱɾ͸˵ˣСʱɽϴԣˣһӶ˲ˡ
κүԼŮѾ֪ܶˣ»й¶һ죬ٸϡͱһѻ
ѹˣҾ˵ôһˣûк롣ԺЩҾͲˡ
·ģõĺӰô;ⶡ·ˣ·ԺغҲûа취𣬾Ͳвˡ
ʱҲй£ر·ԽԽھԽԽߣĶӻСڸûһ֮
õġõľһĸ׵ְ϶ಹ·һЩ
֪ˣ⴫ˡ
һ֪ܲ𡣡
ԴӰԺĴǶͻȻҵ飬ЦκĺκҲ֪⺢ôģԼֶһֶŮ˵İΧŰתԼС߶
ʦٽūڹתһȦ
·ûϵֻҪǲؿڣǾ͵
³ͼ³ȷϼ޻ȥò˶ãūھͻΪòöٴˡ
·ūƻˣǲܵġϵʱҪǼǿء
ʦõģҿٽǸӪѵúܺã֪ܲܿʼȫƹѵˣ
·Ŷ~Ƕˣ
½ĿǳˣٽΪκҾȫ彫ʿߴͽ̡⼸սӪ٣ɱиࣻ½ЩϽǿġ
·½˻ˣұҲκҾһԱǾʹȥԺκѵʽĳӪѵʽӪͣѵʮһӷɢӪѵ
ˣлٽ
·УѾӪֶ۵һһӪרѵ󡣡
ڶգͼ³ʮŹ·ˣԳӦС
ͼ³û뵽㻹
κСкܶɼǰɣ
ô˵ͼ³кܶɼˣ
ǰϷأְκСһϷͺûˡ


120 ֪·
ģҪЩСˣڵŲСӴأϴҪÿ죬ֶˣȥԺӲ춼̧֣Ҳ֪СӳʲôģԼѪս겻˵ģСӾôҪôһԼһ㡣
·ͼ³ĻˣСӿؼˣԼһ̣Բʶһ
һǵһأֻҪͼ³ҺĴһһж˵
ǾллκСˣɣְɡ
·ͼ³һ־֪ͼ³˵ĻԽϵ˺ܶ࣬Ժͼ³ˤˤ˽ⳡϷһĽ档
ȻһսԺһֱ꣬ū𹥶ûˡ·ǳ˵ûҲʱѾ˯ˣ·صͿһӶΧӣ׼ȷ˵Χӣŵĺӡ
·ұǰ֣Բ԰
ϣԵúܣ⺢ӳ˯˯˳ԣŵʱҲޣѾῴЦˡȥϴһ»·ѩģȻ÷纮
ӣĸ˵öԣȥϴϴ·ڹԼһ¡
·ˣ˰֣ûںˡ
ӣ˵ʲôءȥɡ
κһЦÿģôֵ꣬ģرǿԼŮһңۿˣϿκӣӣĻѰֱŽĻֻаˡ
ϣҺ常ǿźӣ˵Ҳݰɻ·ȥɡ
ӣʵ·˴ŵģҲŤ󣬸·ͻǵԺˡ
㣬ôʱں
ͦõģѰͻˣ쿴
ǾͺãԺҲ˵㣬Ժٴߣ˵ҵ˼СͰ־ˡ
·лл㣬ллΪҿôࡣ
ʲô˵ӾҵĴ˵žͶӣ֡
㲻Ҫ⻹ǰأȻҪһҹ
ý㣬ױҡӪ۰̫ˡ
Ҳ㣬常ѾˣŲͲȥӪˡ
ԸɣūӦûͣһʱˡ
·һ飬˺ܾã֪ĴңҵĹȥұˡ
·Ļһ£ı飬Ϊʲô¡
·СĺӣҴСһ𳤴СĺӣҴҳ֮ƣһҲϲ֣⣬ԲûкԲߵĽΧ˵۹⣬ٻһ֣ҲΪǮԭӦ¡
㣬Сأ
·ӣˣʵһҲںǰԼҲһ˿صĿģҲΪӣûܹӵĿ࣬û֣˺еġ
ССʱΪѲȥˣȥ֮ǰѺиңʱüٻа˸£һôɣԲԭҲͦҪģڲŸ㡣
ӣЩȥϸĶ·˵һ飬ĴʯͷҲˣ·ηϵʱʱ͸оɬǵһΡ̫ˣһҲӵˡ
·Ҳûо飬ϾԼҲǵһΣӣĹȥģûʹԵɣˣԼֻڱ˴ˡ
·ӣڻİοۿ뵽ʱжô޴룬һ֣ң֣ҪӦԼĵּǿֹ¶·ڶеۡ
ʱСһ𳤴ĺȥˣǶĴĸжôǿ󣬲ʱʰ˶СѹԼμʱͱϵһǿ԰Ůӡ
㣬ҺܿģΪûб֣˺Ҳ㲢ûʹࣻҲ㣬һ˿ô£Щж尾
һжȥˣܵЩ඼Ϊ㡣
ллңҳ顣
ӣ·˵Ժ˺֪ܶ࣬Щ̺Ͳס·֪ԺӣˣΪۡΪӣԵЩҹҹһǶо˴˵ĸˡ
ںӣһ˶յ˼֮࣬˵ࡣ һ˿ĵĹһ꣬·Ҳһͻ˾Ӫϵ˺ˡ
壬ūɵĵڶ͵˾ˣγʮ㣬һͼ³ľӾ˵˰⣬ֻūʹš
·ûµԭūʹʮ죬һֱȵ͢͵˵ˣ·Ŵ򿪳ǿʼ̸У̸Уö˽²ĵص㣬ֱӶŹصĳ⣬˵ūһ㷴ڵĻᡣ


121 ش
εĽʮ˳ʮգ²
صūʹŵĺӺаͺ۷һֱĶס·Ӻа۾Ƿߺޣ۷Ƶ۾ζ
κСڡ۷Ʋ֪Լôˣ쿴κɳԺʱʱԼǷ²ķΧޣֻκ²ӪʱԼܿҲԾĻᱻӰס
ǻǺڵĺáҪʹǡ
ҲǺЦ۷ƹǿؼȥɡ
ڰū²ˣٲǾӪˣʱҲĵĲˡʵûá
ūʹߺ·һķѵʿʹϣ·æת
֮ǰ﷢ֱֵӶڵԼ·̫˷ˣʹʿǿʼ
ǵǰѿĵطճһЩľңȻ¢ȴѽũҷʣѿϣڵˡ϶֮ǰֲߡ
ūѾˣ·ΪѵʿжԿԴʿǵս飬мǵѵɹ
λϽȫ֧·ľԼζԿûǳ
ϰСոʱκ;еĸλ·ǿֵصĹְƣũѵũæֵصģʽ˱ʿǵսճɵʱôʳ
Щʳκ⼸ʮҪãɶǰŹܱߵĻĵء֪ԺҲǸƴЦɼֱǴĵĸ
κһֵĩʱȫָˣڼҲȥӪ·ŪĶԿ
ʵľͺˣ뿴ԼŮܰκҾѵʲôӣԾһϣ·æӪæ֣Ҳû̫ʱš
ӣҲߣżӣŹȥݳݺɡ
ǿϧϺС¤ҲӪ飬дŴߴ١Ϊֵһ꣬·ӣֻһſꡣ
ſһ·ӣһҹ̤˻ش·
·ƶҲϵģ֮ǰԼһֱûӣܲ㣬ƶ࣬·Ͱߡ
ƻ̤ϻش··βûдҴһȥǴӣͰһ·Գ棬˾͵һĻش壬ǵʱһ괺ˡ
¤ķá
ǰ·Ҳߣһ㶼
·Ҳǣһ·˺ö伲࣬ܶط·ûУ·һƻȥдŸ㡰Ҫ븻·
ǵ˴֪缸Ѿ¤ˡ
ϫhһ꾭¤סΪǣҵˣؾʱ䶼ˣȻͰרŵͨŷʽһţʵڽⲻ˼֮ࡣ
ӢѧԺڿμϺͰһоҽҲǰһߡɽȥɽ
·صҲһ飬ˡһ߼һĨᣬһŵһҪС黭Щ֪ô
·ӣͺˣһŰָ֣ոѧˣǺʱ򣬾ԹСôɰöԭǣΪΪǻУ̫Сһ඼ûлġ
һ಻·ǲ֪ǲΪѧˣСֶһЩλԺСľ˺ܶ࣬ȻһЩСŮģ
ҲҵСˣ˵ˣɰӣ·ۻˣԺȥʲôطҪСҲš
һ磬ϫhʹŰƼ··һԺ￴СͰˣһɸӵҸĳ棬Ժڴĵǧ򻧣ð
ɣǸʸٵʥּսϵսʱû취ͣȥ߲ճɸƷĹУϲɣˣŶʮһƷҲҴĵͷһˡ
л¡ȡЦˡ
ĲܸʺҶ֪ģͲǰǫˣſҲһһ֪˸ʣ㲻õġֻм㣬Ҵġ
ͼΣ˿бĻʵۣǴĻԽԽǿʢġ
УĵƨҲʵģ
Ǿллˡ
ιôһЩռӣһ£
Եĳ㣬ڸ߲άĲˣֻҪֲˣЩ鶼ͬŵˣһῴӣȥſ뿴ûͺͺֵģƶĵط֡


122 
Ͼû׷ЩϣʮһһֱߣѾ̶ˡ
ԼǸֱֲרҵֵصģƵ٣òεĹ٣治Լô~
У㣬Ҫɶֲǿ϶ӵ⡣
㣬ҷͰһԺ˿˺ܶ࣬ԽԽЦˡ
𣿹Ҳ˶ɿ졣
·ϫhĵĿģӣͰһĵҲ֦Ҳġ
ر˻ŮˣزɵġƸӣ˵֮ǰ飬ӣӶЦˡ
ôһЩģ
ˣЦˣ㲻֪Ǽ̫ʹˣָҺöĻ´ø㡣˵껹գգۡ
ֵӣˣ·ŲҪء
֪·Ǵ֪ôƵģҲ֪ǲǱԼ͵͵ĿϵĻ
Ҫǵøҡ
ƶվԺҲģԴƶ࣬·˺ܶ࣬ǰҲ㣬Ů±˵óƶõĺ˳֡
ƶöԼ̫ã˵ʲôԼõĬĬİԼʶһ
ȳͰߺ·һӣһ۾Ϳ˺ףӺзʲôģֱ̫ܷˡ
ͺ׾Ѿܾϲˣ׶ͺҲǸ߲Ҫÿ֡
ſǱߵҪǶƹ㿪ǴĵİվĲöˣʳҲḻܶࡣ
ֺ׵ʱ򿴵·˵ɽȥƾ٣ɽ·֪һӦǲڻµġ
·֧֣һֱ֪Ķж֣ҪȻɽҲΪŵӣһĶΪ·˾˰ٷ򳤡
ڿŶȻʶǲһ࣬·ҼҺӳ˵ĸоСĻûпҪķ淢չ
⼸ģ黭ڿкܺõδ
·οԼСʱڹ¶Ժӣʮ͵ԼûüΪ¶ԺʲôˣҲʱͻһЩԼһֱȴûɵ飬ЩԺ󶼻ΪƼҵ
ڼϼ죬·ʹӣСаֻңϾӣһ߾һ࣬ҲҪҸĸһСҲҪȥǿ
ĸһŮŮˣ˶ŲҴҵܳӭرĸӣһ˲ˡ
ĸ⺢ӣȥ߹أһ˼ңҲȥǱ߹ضΣհҲ֪
ӣⲻƽ㿴ǵŮһŵСа֡
ĸŮҲҲãȿӴ~ôˣô˵ⶼû׼
һҲں·˵һǼڽһɣ԰ڸҲϳׯˣɶŮĸȥ߹һл˳𣿡
˳ģֻǰ常ſһЩûս·ս鱾Ͳǹ£·Ҳø˵ս¡
ǾͺãǾͺáҺĸĵľ˯á
ĸˣҪĸǻشסһʱɣҲС鹦ΣǴ֡
úãڼ죬òεǻؼҡ
˵ҲȥĸһŮȥˣǾȻ֪Ůкӵ飬һܡĸŶ˵Ůһ˿ɡ
ĸ㿪ʵӣӣ⺢Ӷˣ
ȥġӣͺ·˶Թ˵ǡ
ǻ˻;ȥ߹ءӴ~Ŀڶˡ
Ǹʱ̥Ѿˣûµġ
ɵǹүĵһӣôҲӦСһЩ
ӣңͦ˵ģⲻҲܿŰֳ·ĸһֱӣ˵Ĺһ˱
ɰ㲻̫С͵ӴԺָʲô
Ȣϱ۵㲻Ҫֺӣˡ
~ǵҲܲˣСֿԣֵġ
˵ȥСһ𶺰ˣ֪ǲ·ȡúãǺϲЦ˭˵¶һЦ
ֳ˼СſˮľģСڶϲãѾ̫ӣ·ˡ
ס죬ȥƮ¥¥ˣ½ȥѾȥ˱ĵط֪ȥˣƮ¥¥½ƹҸĸŵġ
ķչƮ¥ѾڴıȽϷݸ˷ֵ̳꣬˺ܶ͵Ļ꣬ǶһЩڳԹƮ¥˵ǾǼҵĻŸڡ
ȥսԺ·رϧԼڴƽãҺͼ˷ֱһʱ䣬벻ˣÿԼĵæ³һԡֻҪǰԵģæᾭ
ӣҲӣʵ˭һļߣÿƽͺá
Զǻµƪ£ոս£ʵ۾ʥּϫhҲ·ţµʥּ·нӴūʹš


123 ʯͷկ
·곤üͷ壬ū˵ǿ°ܽ˻Ҫ鷳񲿣·ûǴĻʼͨкδ˵ˣ֪ȥ񲿻᲻ᱻѰ
ôˣǹ˵ʲôõ£
ûµĽ㣬ʰһȥɣСͰֶϣСҲԳŶˣҹµʱǾܻ
һ·ĲӣֿʱҲȽϳԣԼԺ߱棬Ͼ㻹ûȥء
Ҳһȥ̫ˣȥｻ顣
ӣΪҪ·ֿһʱ䣬û뵽ԼܺһȥȥԼˡ·Цû˵ء
࣬ȥ׼һ£νһȥٴɡ
õģӡ
·ǹûиӣ˵дĶģ˵ӣģһ·û˼ˣоԼܽ飬ûбҪ˵ŵǡ
ӣѾܿĽԼˣǱϾǼ;¥ʱ䣬Ժһ̤ȥ·
ʱԣ·ӣС֣ߵúǳؾͽȥ죬ɽʹӣɽϴԣƽ̹λþͰӣгһһһ
Ҳǿ·ķ羰˵㵸ģ켸ֵּðСҲӷÿ춼Ͱѽѽģ˵Щļơ
ӣ춼ܿģ˶ʶǣоɵζعܱôô룬ÿҲû飬ֻҪһһĵˣ
·ӣûԤϵһֱڸǡ
ʵֽ·ˣһССˣҲҾܾμңԴӳʼͷԺԼҵһǧɣڵһ겻һꡣ
ԼμҼô˽ǰ·Ͼʱòھǣûüţδһ°Ϊ񲿿˾ԱʱԼ֪ʱˡ
ȻΪ常ѱԺԼ֮ǰɱԼҲûк֮ǡ
ڵ˻ⱣһСĹԱҲɡ뵽ͰԼĹܼȥϵ·һұؾ֮·ϵˣΪɱһˣһӡ
ģ·ƶǰ棬ں棬һȺҪһϿȣ̶̵ľ룬·죬Ӧһ͵֮λãƶԽ·ͷҲһŴ˱Ū˸ֲ
ʱɽϳһȺģˣ䱾ͷܵģʱ̫ˣոմ׼ͷͱǰΧˡ
һ˵֮ǰȺȻں֮ڣ̫ˣһӵϣ˫ȭѵ֣ӣСаֶ˴˳
ƴˣȰ㲻Ҫ
·ǰľʮֺڣôΪ̶̰ݵӾͰԼľ趪ˣӣӵļϣò׺ƶһľ·۾ˡ
˭ģлú˵Ҫ˺ǡ
Ȼ˵ƴԻҲһգһƿҩֻҪƴ˺ߵӰҩ˾С
Ҫ~Ҫ~Ҫһ˶֪ôء
ƴˣȰϾ⵶ɲ۾
Һȣ㶪ҺȡҪʲôֻҪǮҿԸļλ
ˬ죬ƴ˻ȰҩˣɽԺɣϾҲ˵ĵط
Ҳŵÿˣ·ƶ˽һһˣֻȺɽ㡣
·ǵӦòȫ˽ԼܺðһЩˣԴӺҩԺ·;ԼȫûѾܾûָоˣĽּ˼֡
ͷӿ·Ƕҩˣͷָһڣ˵廨
λ磬ҷֻ޸֮ŮӣҲˣܲܲҪ
ԣʵҲƴˣر곯͢ƹ߲֣κƴ˲õˡ߰ɣʯͷկú
ʵϴӵϢֱӰȫɱˣôǺδѾ˺ܶˣÿζμҪ̶ӺͶֵʱ򣬾ͻôһÿЩһʣɱǡ
ô߶׬ǮʯͷկչԽԽãɽµĳڶߡҲһҪμҵһҪƴ˵թһʣ˵ƴ˼ҿǮúܡ
·߱߰ûڣԼô˴⣬ҲӦԼֻô·Ǵһ·ˣԲЩɾͰץˡԼãǽСֿ϶Żˡ
һӣŰ֣Сֻҽӣ·ĬĬᣬ·ۼˡ
ϴܲҵŮ
Ʒ˳ò绨Ҫ˵ƴˣ쿴Ҳۡ~
ϴﳤ˺ÿկӸϴѹկ˰ɡ


124 ɱ
˵˼ҵҪɱ~ƽʱôǮɽկҲôŮˣ𣿡
ڻûдƴϹγɲ˵ĻһʱƣԼһǮ̲ɾͲˣõǮ·ɱˣôСӻԼôô
μֻ˵ôʲôʱԼ
·ǵĶԻ֪ǲֻ٣϶ɱǣ֪˭ȡ
ʶƶ࣬ƶĵһͷ·ģȻԼҩЧˣ϶Щ˶ɱˣȻҴ⡣
Щ۹ӣϣ·һ붼̲ˡ
ɽϣǰϵǮƶѹθɾȻְ·ϵж·ѥذס
Ƕɽկɽ棬ӣֻǱֻСͰСûаס
˶ȥˣ·Ŀڣ㣬ίˣң㲻Ҫ£ȻǾܳȥˡ
ӣСаֵӣ·﷢˺ݣЩ˶ǺˣһͲǵһ顣ȻҽĵͲҪĺˡ
ࣿ
ӣҪ鷳Сһ£ҵ档
ƶһŵҩ֪ɢǰѵʱЩǱرļܣοԼóҽҽּҡ
Сﶬ̰ЬĶó
Һú°СɽԺ·ߡ
£ȻǾɽԡ
Сƶ࣬ЬˣȻְˣſһСĴָƿӡ
СƿӵĸӴ򿪣һ¡
࣬ȻǽҩôôӦء
ӣû취ˣҪزס
·һԺȻоԼˣСְƿøƶš
ȰȻǿ϶ҳȥ˱˺С㣬Ժ£Ȱѷ˺Сɽ
~ҪһߣҪֿ
㣬ڲ˵ЩʱҸʩչͶɽҺܿȥˡ
ӣҲ֪Լûֻᰭְš
һҪƽɽʲộҲ
㣬ûôأ㻹֪ңЩˣսɱһصġ
ӣҰͷ͵ȫĵطͻ㡣
ãһҪȷȫҪż
Ȼûйһ·ȥˣԶƶͿʼжˣָӣ⿪ӡ
ˣˡ˵Ŵӣͷϰһͷſڵ߱ߵ£ͿˣӦ˳Էʱ䣬ûţ⼫ķƶ䡣
һ·۲ɽկӣӦþٶˣϧϵҩˣҪȻҩģֵΣȫɱˣܳȥ˶Ǻ󻼣·˼֮ͱ
ƴˣ̸̸ɡԸǮһ˵
ոϴѾϵǮȫˣҿûǮ㡣
ƴˣĲˣҪ֪ҽӵֱӰɱˣǴɽկȥˣҿҪеյġ
·֪ӣûգֻܺϴ
ϴҪٵӣ
ƴ˵յϢƴ˿Ǵ󻧣⼸ƴҲ׬˺ЩǮˡҲҪʮһƱҾ֣Ҳֵܸһ
ϴҲ֪˭˵ģҲûôǮͷǳ͢ģֻǺȵ~
ž~ƴˣûпơϴԼĵϣ˵Ҳںóôӡ
ϴѾ¤Զˣһʱ֮ûôǮҪ¤ҲҪһЩʱգֱ~
ϴ~ˣɽˡ
·һʱȫϵȫϿϴ·ãӲˡûӣûй˼ɣֱӴ򿪴ɱķģʽ
ǰȥϴ·һԼ־ûйͷƵ~·һѿסϴĺ
飬顣
˵˭µģֻҪ˵ҿԿһ˵һȭϴϡ
˵~˵~μˣμҵĹܼġ
ô˵ǲǵһκǺˣ·Ҳ²⣬ϾԼûеʲôˣֻû뵽Ȼ˺ݶһ͢ƷԱȻա
ϴˣ·ǯƣ·ȼӴֱӾĲӣ·ϴĵת׺ݵĿŴˡ
~ֵǣҪ£ôˣ˭ɱϴ󱨳𣬾һϴ󡣡
úá
·ɱ䣬ٶˣʼǰĴӴܡ
лڣǵ·̻м죬Բ鷢


125 ﾩ
ƶӣ͵ɽһصɽ󣬾ͷɽկ·ϾɽӴܵˣһѳһ·ɽɱȥ·ϡ
ƶ࿴·ʱ·Ѿɱۡ
ӣô
û£ȥѲһ£ûжŵġ
ס
·Ҳһ·ϴסĵطϴĴ°ҵһ˱¼ôμҺÿһκ·ͷˡ
ֻҪ㣬μҾͲΪˣôһֱڽЩˣ͢پȻ˹ᣬһ̶ӡǸ壬ɱ˰
ӣɽ淢һЩŮӺͺӡɽһӶ涼ǰ׹ǣһֿ⣬Ӧö˴Ķ
ЩǶ˰ɣǶɽȻһѻɽկ
ǣӡ
һ㣬Ӧõˡ
ǣ
·Ѳһ£֮ǰյƱ˳ûбмֵĶԺʹȥƶ࣬ߵͿжʮŮӣŵЩȻˣǻһߺ޵š
ӣǡ
ûϵǷйɡ
ⲻ·һοĳˣԼֱʱ򵷻ٹһɵĵ̣ŮҲЩ·ûС
Ƕйˣ·ſڣЩǮɽȥɣҸطú
ˣлλˡ˵Ĵ½Ϊոλ˵ˣҪɽկˡ˿ɽȥɡ
·ǣ˵ʲôôҲŲ죬δ˿࣬ĪȰơ˸ľʹʹ·۾ɽԺҲܹúܺãǰЩôҪ˵ڡ
࣬ߡ
ӣǡ
ߡ
·ƶҵӣԺûɽϵ·ıסӣãá
ֻҪһ뵽ûбǵҲпܱЩŮӵеһͺ޲ɱЩһء
ɽµĹٵϣϵ·ƶ඼û˵һֱ뿪ҲûһɽҹɽϵĻ죬¹·ϣֻһƬʪ
ǵģ֪Щû취ǴִʱһǶѡķʽ·﷢ģԺһҪСͰѧ䣬ҲһҪԼ޵棬ŮѧᱣԼ
£·ٴӣ·϶һ˿ӱޣҴҵִ˾
žĳţ·ʮָӣӣҲԴɽԼķҲûЦΪ·ûбǣڵˣӦþһˡ
ٳüչˣѾȫĵˡ
ţ߰ɽ㡣
һжҪǰԺǳжСһЩˡ
˵ǣ߰ɣڳǲˣһߣϴʱլӵģȥʰһ¾Ϳסȥˡ
ǻҪöȥЩˣҪǼôʰĳôĵطҪסôãܽ͡УҪЩˡ
ӣŵˣ֪ûʳ˭֣ȻЩˣɵЩһͽзƴˣԾǳġ
֪ȥЩѾС˻Ժ
԰ôҲְĹԱ̫ףǮҲûˣǮ
ԴӺͳԺӣԼﵽжǮˣΪһֱڴҼ˿Ҳ򵥣û̫Ǯĵط
֮ǰӢѧԺ·Ҫ֧Ǯƣ꿪ʼԺѧԺԸˣҪƼҳǮӣҪֱӴ˴ҡ
˻ͼһĹܼҴżҶ·һţôˡ
ӣүľˣٷȥס
ܼңҾͲȥסˣ常Ҳ֪ģⲻ̫ʡ
ǴӣЩҪ£ȥ׼һЩѾ֣չǡ
Ǿȴ֮ˣ鷳κܼˣҪʮԺ
ϴʱլҶûԺҾҲûУ·ӣЩȫȫˣҲȽ϶࣬ԺΪ˷ֹ֪Ѿ
æҲͦõģҲܷĳţǱθɱɱɱҲҪɫƣһ˵Ƹ
·ƶһߣ࣬ԾǺϤɣ
УҪʲô
ȥҵĵͼŪһ
룿
˳𲻱Ǿӡ
ӣо仰֪
˵
¾ô»ǵȸ˵һϾھϾƷԱǶ˽̣Ժ»֪߱ˣ»¼ӡ
˵Ķԣҿǲˡ·ոһֻɱ壬ȷûôԶҪԼھɱƷԱ»þĻ̡̻
ӷģ¿Խȥ죬ҿϵµˡ
㶯Ҫ죬ﻹһ˱һȥ¡֪ҽ»
ס
·ƶ뿪ıӰȻȥɱ壬еźȷõĴˣǲ֪ʲôʱ²Żᶯ֡
κĻԺ⾩֮УҲĿŵɱǡ
·Ҳ뿪ңȻ룬ҲҰӣΣУһҲС


126 Σ
ϫhΪھ鶼̫´ƶ·ó˱εͨʼҵ;ϴһʱͳµİͷϡ
¿еĶŭɶԼĽΪ˽˷ƽңԴӸʵǻûйһ찲ӣЩνĳ٣Ȼˣٹ̶ӣų켺
·֪ģҲ˵ԴӵΪΪ񣬾˵κĶӣҲԼܣܴķ˵¶ܹϢ
ϾЩȥۣӴϢ±Ҫ
·ڼĵ죬ƶʹϢδһұץ˴£ּμȫ壬ǰʯͷկ֤¡
֪ԺҲŭһ̫һԼŮ˷ˣ͢ȴɽˣһñ̫˺ܶࡣ
ԼĲŽô꣬ȻдӹɷҪɱһӰ٣öԼ̬ȡ
·ԺͷȻҪһʼҵ˲ſףдһӣ۽һԼϾľա
Ƕ˵޵ĺ̳һҪ۽һԼһܵίԼϾɱôˣҪи
յԺЦ˱˻ԣȷίˣԼֶŮϾ·ϳ£ԼҲѴ̡
Ϊ˱·μҵ֤Դϵ֪·ɱٶˣ϶˵ɱ޹ɱԡ˽̡
رЩĹ٣϶·ǹپݵġ·֤ݶͨ;ȥģҪȻ黹
ȰЩ鶼Ժŷĵĳţ⼸侲ѾûʼˣҪԼӣǰ
ӣ⼸·ҲܲܣֻĬĬָֻһЩ·̸̸ϣҪʲô鶼Լ
⼸ŵˡ
㣬Բмûи˵ɽկʵкܶŮӣûɽܾȵǵˣȴȲǵģ㣬ʹܡ
˵·ˣִԼĿڣΪԼƽĽˣһڻǿƲԼ
ӣû뵽ԭ·⼸ĲĶΪѹԼ£Լ֪ЩҲʹɣ·ڻ
ⲻĴԼѡʱܿģˣѡ񡣡
~
ӣİο·˺ܶ࣬ûԼʯͷɽԡҪΪʱŮʲô
ʰ飬ڶ·ԼĹƾȥ˹ϾԼǹ٣ôҪȥԼϹٱ
˹··Ľȥ
Ӵ~ƴˡ
·ƴˡ
ѽɣٲʱ͸õˣٵٶ찡
԰ƴˣϴҲҴȥҲҴңôҲҪͳԷа
·һȥͱͬΧϴ·Ժ󣬹ĹԱ˵·ӣǶ֪һĺүɲһǱµİݰֵܡ
ܶ˶ûк·ùϵò·ˣǰƷƷٵٶȿƱһˣڻְ˭ССƴ˰
λ˺ã˵ʵڲϴ¹ʱûй̶סԲλˣε¹ٰլʰãһλһˮ
һǿɼסˡ
ˣȥæɡ״һͿһȺ˰·һΧм䣬һȺ˶һˣһ㶼ء
״ˡ·״˾񿴼˾ǡ
ɣ~ٽ
λˣ¹ٺͿ״顣
ֶҪǽӴūʹţǵûҪȥһ񲿣Ҫʱ֪Ӵʹŵǡ
׷Ϊ飬һƷԱֱĹԱϢͨһЩ֪Ϊʲô·ᱻΪӣūʹҪ·ӴҲ֪Ϊʲô
˵ȥκҾһٽκɣūʤࡣµĲκɾ·ˣ·ԲǱ濴ô򵥡
л״ѣ¹һȥ񲿵ġ
ţغͱٿҺҲǳǵֶһ䲮ġ
л״̧٣¹پͽһײˡ
úãֶؼ⡣
·ڹһֱ뿪Ϳ׷һԼ飬׷Щд࣬൱һְ档
ظӣ緹ֽƶһȥ񲿣񲿣·վǵԼĹƾΪ飬񲿵˶ҴæææŽӴʹţԴҶûйĺѣſڵСֱӰ˾
ˣԱƴˡ
֪ˣȥɣƴˣ˾˾С
ݼˣ¹·ɣ˽ɾС


127 
ãƴҾͲˣ㱾ǹУͱٱƽٲ鳤Щꡣ
Դ֪Լĸ·ʼͶ·һ˽⣬ܺƽְݻνǰ;Ҫùϵ
ǱΣʱ鷳ˡ
ÿһþˣ֪ƴοεĺף
Ǵ򲻹ǴĵĽʿַʽǮˡ
·úʵĳǲģԹ׹⸶ƸһǮƣΪԴ緶ܶʹͣ˵ҲǴӣرڵĴġ
ƴ˵ǣôӴʹŻнģ̫ģҲ̫ӲмĶһҪá
¹ˣл㣬֪⼸ܰæ飿Ȼ·ڹǺƽȷ˵ĸ٣еҪеġ
ƴ˲񲿣ɣʶһ񲿵ĸλͬţϤٷһǰӴʹŵļ¼ҲиףȥΪū׼ۡһǷ׵
ã¹ס
·˵ǰ춼񲿿ӴʹŵİǿԺ·òοԲߣūɲҫģʵڲٴһ
ۡ׼Ķ·׼ѾܺˣԴסжԣҲûʲô
ӣҲæ·֮ǰլʲôûð죬һһЩطҪɺͲģڼҲæýŲմأкСѾߣҲСţȻ֪Ǻá
·˵ҪٰһС͵ᣬЩͬţɰӣϻˡ
Ͼֻһ̻֮Ů޸·ôһֱҲڴ棬ӴıȽ϶Ĺٷ˾½˺ȷˣԼһỹеץϹϼþ˯á
ô죿ʲôôᣬҪЩԱƮ¥һˡ
㣬ϴԵˣͬǶˣٰǵԷ㲻ҪģҪɣҺȥЩ
˵ĶԣӦȥ˵ģҪ׼ЩƷЩҶ֪
ţȱ𼱣Ƕ֪׼ӴʹţûʱᣬôҲʹԺٰᣬȰլݺãĵʱҺһ취ʵڲУǻκܼָָҲС
ô˵Ҿͷˣ·ǲǶﲻæ
ӣһԱȻСҲѧܼңֹپլǲϤģ¸·
㣬ʲôأ˭ͻЩôϻֻۣҪ˽㣬϶ѧúܿ죬һŵٻץϹڲҲĺúõ𣿡
·ڴϰӣһٰοοӣ벻飬ֻԼȥһӱһ۵˯˹ȥ
˻ﵣЩʱ֪ϾоˣūʹŽκҾ˽ʿʹţΪͣʵӡ
֪ūҪԺ󣬾ȷ˴ԼӺʹһȥϾԼŮھزģԿ
ԼŮѾƷˣʹȥ˱¿϶칬磬ΪƷٵķˣҲѾ˲μӹʸԼķ˻ȥСһôҪһЩ
ԲԼǵӣֻǵԼŮ
ڶӣ𴲵ʱѾȷϷˣ·ľȥˡ
˯ôһͱȷ˿ӣ·~ȷ˻Ǹ˴εģ컹ڵԼãⲻȷ˾ˡ
ĸôˣöϱȥݷġϿӣϾʷ׳ʣҲ֪Щʲô˾ǿġ
ˣԼˣӦȥסģסôûڼסãүСǳܶ鶼ⲻҺܸܵŻʹŵĲһˡ
ȷʼ֪·ֻԸϺү常ʱ򣬾֪·Ǹͨ͸ģԾǲܵľλͷҪ·һЩڸϺǮϲί·
ĸⲻʵģҲסլӹˣл常ĸˣҵȷЩץϹ˵Ҫͬţʲôᣬ¸ˡ
ЩˣͬŶС£ƷˣҪӴʹŵˣʹŽԺ¾ٰ칬϶ҪȥģұʹΪˣҴ·ĺεȻһ³ߴ磬ϼףͷҲѡϼס
~ĸܼ£
ɲˣӣһȥɸɶúѧһѧǡ
ллĸ常ĸ˼ȫӣллϣϻؾ֪ԼҪȥμӹ磬¡
Ҳ£ʱʱͺһһġݣû˻ӣĲʹ졣


128 ̫ӵ
ӣ·ĳߴѡΣ·Ҳظ緹ҲܿģĸͲõˡ
ɣȻҲĸףҲļĸʲô鶼˵ң֪𣿡Ͼ·⡣
ĸףлĸٳˡ·һľͦõģһִˣ̫Щǹأ̣ϰЩźˣӣֻܸˡ
񲿣·̫ӵºͳ⣬̫ǳͬͬĸĵܵܣʮģ°ѽӴʹŵ齻̫ӣǰ̫ӵµĸ࣬µǻԺ̫ӵµ̶
½׼ôԼţչһЩ·һң·Ͼ£Ҳһ£ר·ġ
£׼ˡ
Ǿͺã𣿡ʵ²ֹһԼĳ͸˵·ÿ˵·ʱҪĽ˵㣬ԼôҲĴ硣
·μ̫ӵ¡·һ£һúõ̫ΪʲôҪƷ١
˵ƴ˸ۡ飬ºһȥۡɡ
̫ӿ·ӣôҲΪӦǳİԲأû뵽һ޸֮ӡ
·ллŶ
ƴˣȻ̫ӵҪȥۡ·ɡ״ֻ̫ӸϿߡ
·̫Ӻӳ񲿺̫ӾͲˡ
ɣȻ㶼йµĳг㣬ǲӦýйһֳ
۱ֻг̫һ˫Ůڵĵö۵ǻԺԺģСĺأԶһֱڳ֮µ̫ӣܸԼиôĵܵܡ
ңɳ̧֪Ӧһ³̫ʲôԸˣôоеء
Ҿͱ꣬㲻ҪϵЩϴһظͽֳСڹߣҲǹµֵܣߣֳȥҵƮ¥Ի˵Ǹģ
ֻΪ̰Իôոһġ
֮ǰƶı֮ѡӺã
ƴ˹ȻӢꡣ̫ĸȻ֪·ĴֺԼ̡
ҵҲһ˲š
ˣԼˣ˵Ҫ秵ġֱ࣬ˡ
̫ɴС⣬Ҳӣ϶ҲԼˡ
ֳģ⡣
ɣƢԺ֪ˡ
ˣ߰ɡǾҲĲʶʶˣȻȴһֱڴţϴûھҲǺò׵˿ղܳ·
лֳʶ
~ȤȤͳദҲĳ˵Ȥġ
~ؼǳǳ㰡һ˵Ժҳô죿
ˣҲˣҾǸ˰еܵܿˣ˵Ȼǳ극ȥֳУҽһ
̫ӴСҲھӪԸȽϺˬ۵ǻԺſʼѧϰȨıԼǰ¶ֱԡ
ֳֻǱһһ㣬·ˣ̫ӿûͬ٣еѡ
̫ӵ̫ˣһ˺ƺƵȥƮ¥˻ֺƺƵȥ̫Ӷ˶Уϡ
·УϵӲűʯĴ󴸡ʹ
ô֪ı󴸣Ϊ׼ġһҪɫóȥᱻ˵ɵ·бﵽ
лֳдͲñ˰ɣҴսͲˡ
𣿹~̫ӱǹⶺ·ģ·һصӣͿˡ
飬ǰ۸ʱҲ飬
⿴̫ҲҡͷʧЦԼô꣬ûٱĶŪƿԣԭ˳Աĸоѹ̫ӵִ˲ƣ
·̫ЦӣҧгݣȻ㲻¿ɾͲܹˣһץס̫ӵͰ̫Ӿ
~̫ӻЦؾͷԼڿˣȻͿ졣
񣬰ѵ·ӰˣӦǰ
֣ܶԵ񡣡վԱҲ·һôһԲϾ;档
£~ȻȻȤ
·̫ӷæϥء΢ˣ̫ӵ¡̫ӵ£ֻǳѣûзŸʲô
㿴ǣòɺ͹ĺһ㣬ǷҪƻԼȥ췣
ɿҸ˵úܣһ֪ĸоأȻҾͲˣǱɣ͵ʳˡ


129 ūʹ
лֳ
ɱ£Ǿ̫ˡϾһ·ίˣģһϳ͵ġ㲻ʺϲˡ
ףлº͵µά֮⡣ֻ˾һɽկҰɱһ˭飬Ҳﺦɡ
·̫ӺһŻؼȥ˼ҲϢˣҪӣһȷѧǣСڴϵʱ
Һ۰ӣ춼ѧô·ôԷô˵Լǰ׳ôʲôҪѧ
㣬һ£Щ鶼һҾʹǹ١·ҲۣÿæתҲ֪æɶ
컹̫ӵһ죬ò׻ؼ˻ҪѧǡȥԼ٣ɽˣŬˣֻá
~˼һӶ첻ƷȴҪǹ٣᲻᲻ð
ֲںЩһϲ£ңӡ
Ҳǣ⼸۵ҾشʱʱվΡ
ӣϲ·һĴߣڴҲУֻҪʳǾˣ̫ˣÿնҪУС
Ȼεľ˵̫ãڻҲѾץˣ⼸·Ѿӣαٵԭӣ֪μѾ˴ֱġ
ȰʹߣҾͺͱ´ǹ٣ȻǾһ⽭
Ժδ˹滮ִӦǰ顣
꣬ʮա
̫Я˾һڹԱھӭūʹţ·վ̫ӵ󣬿ūʹŻſ·վλӦںģ̫ӷҪ
ūʹŵĺ׶ӶϺ׵Ķ飬Щ׳ۡ
̫ӵ£ǰľǺӺаˣԱŮӾū۷ơ·ǽ̫ӡ
ū˹ȻûаǴķ׾Ȼͷ¶ľ͹ˡº·˵һҲ䡣
ҵǾūмֳˬ⿴ź۷ƵӣűǴĵŮӸһЩͷϻжƤëƷƮҡͦɰ
˵ūʹѾǰˡ
μĹ̫ӵ¡
ū̫ӳΣ۷ƹԶӭӭ
ⲻκСôĹٵĹٷӻֻƷٰԺκСսϿһЩˡ
Ӻа·ҪϫhԼôᱻƵزҪԶȹ̵λ
ҲϴμӹˣҲڱ߹ʱǱˡϴμ°ܽñףձǱ·仰Ƿˡ
~
֣Īŭ۷סԼĸ磬ڿɲ˺ʱԼ»ûأκС쵹Ӣúܡ
ˣȻ˾߰ɣҴĹкԱ·Ҳ˵κС
ǲϳˣ˾Ҫþݡ
̫ӵ˵öԣƵһ·֡
~֪·ˣոô˵·
̫ӵ£ǴǲԭҪ׸¡
Ѿ͹׼ùˣ~
·ŹʨӡϻԱ½һ߲ưôǵòԭݯ桢Ƥ
ӣȷľ͵˻ʹȺȷһƷھˣǰŽӣȻƷٸΪȷ˵ԭҲվǰ档
վ˭ôûм
˵Ӧүӣƴ˵ļҾ졣
ƴأȻԼķ˴Ʒˡ
ɲ˵רΪƴ˻ġ
˽ʹȷ˺ӣĶ棬ȷ˿ӣһִ١
ӣҪӣͰ̵ֽУвʶкһģҪסŮ˳Ķ˵档
ǣĸӣոЩִ٣һƷҾվλõȷʣƷӦվġ
ĸһ˵ϴĸ˵ĶԣԼǷ棬ηη
ȷ˿ӣĬĬֱͦļͷӿɽҲҲɲ̳кɼ̳кӣδǺĵĸ
ɲ̳кѾƷˣ˵ھۣǷƷٵĵĸҲҪοڲŸոչ֮꣬Ժһǰ;ġ


130 
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ȷ˼Լĵλñ߷Ӿ֪϶ǻʺﰲŵģӣ
ȹԱŮ쵽˾һߺϻʺݵ~
꣬ǧǧǧǧꡣ
ƽɣչҪΪūʹš
ūʹ~
·񲿵Ҳˣ̫·Լȥ
·ȥǿĿ֮£͵еģڵˣҺ̫ģۿһ̫Ӻ·Ҳû˵
ӣ·б棬·գգ۾·ְһ㡣
Ӻа۷ƲμĹ¡ĹʺԸＪ⡣˾ַǰ档
󵨣ҳΪβ򡣡ʷ
£ū˵ǣˡ
ˣ۷ƹԶͲضˣ
£Ϊ׼ǲԭ¡
Ŷ~޿һ
̧ӽ԰ŻХʨŵȺҲʼ˽رŮ죬ûмĳ棬ŵ԰ߡ
£ǵ׸µǲԭޣƤӵģǽԭ·;ңԶǵŴڶ࣬϶ܸȡƤӵġ
ЩĹﶼʼˣҩܵƤˣҩĻūʹ϶š
ԺЦҪǰܻһ£ҪûǴĻȥһĻƤдŸҫһ٣˵һȭͰϻˡ
ãӵˡ
ۿһ·²ҵһǵȡƤëģ
ǵȻҲԭʿ޲ΪȡһƤëֿȭ޴սٻغϡ
ԭʿȻͣȷǳˡ
ӺаۿǲԭʿββͶҪˣǺ۷ƸоڸڿӣԼﶼãԸ̫ϲŭɫˡ
ǵȻˣǲԭʿǺġ
ҲӺӺаĻƱ
λ䣬һ𾴺ӵһлΪ͵
ĳ佫Щ£ūڷѣôһܸ˵ӣЩ佫׼ҪϻʨһսˣԲܶµȾƱѾƺˡ
£֪ҺûҿǴʿ޵Ӣˡ
ȻˣҪż԰ֵö󻨲ݣƻ˶಻ãһʺΪ͹׼Ľӷ磬ôҲܹʺһƬǰɡ
۾ϷˣһӺаһȻ̧޽Ůŵá
Ǳļˣһ¡
ˣЩ̧Уȥ֣ͼϻЩ̧ȥһһȺŮӻʼ衣
·źӺаӣٿۣӺаʵеˣû뵽˰̶ûѧһЩ
̫ӿ·ҲڵɣûмǴĻȥһĻƤдŸҫ츸ʿǽʵʵ˹һٰ
ԣҲҵһ٣ɺǺòҡҲүүҲڣĹѪͷġ
𣿻Ϻͺү鲻ðɣ·ʵû뵽κǸ޵ˣǶ֪Լ˻
ǰºòҰǹȷʵ벩ޡ
ǧ֮ȻܲˣⲻΪϺƤ𣿶һʨӺͱƤһ˵һƤë
ǰɣ¾ǸƾͲ֮·̫ӵĻ۽Ƕ˳飬ôһ˵֮ģ·û뵽̫ӵ»Ǹɧˡ
ӣ·̫ӻӿĽһֱ˵Цģﷺһ⣬ô˵зģ֪ԼŮ𣿺еĿô
ոϻЩ̧ʱǱһ뵽ǰֻԺϻҲûôˣз
·֪ʶ˵Ĺǣ·ڣ˳ܶࡣ
·ЩÿŵȻÿЩԭ̬Ůˣ治
ӣ·ĿתĶ˿ҪϴɺԼһҪȶˡ
ȵƹѲ۲ŴһȺУȥӺаһɲԤУ֮ǰΪ۵Ļ֮ƣѵҪŽʿ޲
ҲãҲﵽǵĿģ˭ЧһýʿϷĵء


131 
УͿſ޲ͣǻӺаǶ졣
ȵ˶£۲Ŀڵ϶ոտ趼ˣúӵڸһӡ
Ӻаۣ·ѾĴýӣֹסĵ⡣ȺҲţѵýʿֿȭȥ
ǰһĻƤдŸ޺һҫ޸ۣ֪ܲܵһĻƤˡ
ԸΪЧ͡·룬ڵء
ɣסǰ常ʵˣǸ常ˡ
Ӻа·ôˣ·ܺĺͶϻþҧԱ֮ǰ衣
ʣҿûбҪĳֿȭ㿴ǹ͸ɵıҲܵõƤë
ۺ·ʯĽɫ󴸣ôƷζôصĶӣ·֪Ϊʲôִ̫ԼһĴ󴸡лл㰡
~ƴȥ𣿡
ǰƴ˿ϸ첲ϸȵģ𣿡
µ˼ǰһŻƤƴ͵ˡ
ѹƴΪӣȻƴй֮
ȺŮǵۣϻһ˿Ц⡣
л̫ӵº⣬Ȼ˵ūʿǳֿȭģǳҲֻֿܳȭˣϣʱߵҴôƷ޵ġ
Ӻа·۾Ҫˣɶ񣬿ŵʱ
ƴ˿ҪСһ㣬Ͼ޿ɲ˰
лˡ
·ӿ̨¥һУߣУѾϻųˣӣ·ıӰ̲סڡ
ǧҪСġ
Ȼ¸ոչϻҲ֪·϶ܴϻģ·ҪȥϻıӰһĶ
·ӣתͷӣһЦȻ˵ˣİɣ֪ģµġ
ӣ·ĻػžԼĿ¸ʲôоķ˶һϾͺˡǲԼˡ
ɵķˣȻˣСڸáʺάӣǹҴ£Լҵĺӡ
ɵϱϺӣˡϸϽסӣʺ
ú~ñģԺ㱾˵Żȡһݸӣ
л񰮣ǧǧǧǧꡣ
ˣǣȿɴ򻢰ɡ
۷ƿӣһۣκɵˣȷʵмɫѹǸѸҲҪȢŮӣϲˣɫˣʲô£·ӣֵøõġ
ӣͷ·ѾУˣӶҪˣķҲһŮӣȴҪһ֮ޣۣԺ
ķ·ıӰݵıӰǵļңΪڷ絲ꡣӶ飡ӣʮֵĸӡ
ϻԴ·Ժ󣬾ͽĶס··ǺɫĹٷһһᶨֳ
ϻȴֻŵζ·ϻĿˮе̫׵ģϻȻˮ˭̵ˡ
̨ϵֻ·Ϊܣηͻʶһ
ϻ·ȥҲһХ·ɱȥŴ󻢿ڣҪһҧס·Ĳӣ·һϻļϻ㲻
Ϳ·ȭͷһȭȭȭͻֱӵأŴ۾˸ŲţԼʳ
̨ϵҲûзӦ·ʹӻˣһԼĹٷñû
£Ҳ·⻰˵꣬ǲſϻıѪ
찡ûɣƴ˾ȭʹǸϻˡ
ǰǰһΪ۾һ£û뵽ϻ浹ˡ
Ǵ˵еɣȻǱѰ
ãðɣȻӢ۳갡ҴĹ˲ű
ϲµôţҴĻҵؽǧ̡
ꡣ
ۿŹһصȺūʹŶϥˡˡ
ּ·Ӣ꣬ǰڱ߹κ֮ɽ֮սʤ࣬ūйȥſĻҴľ⣻׻ƤйͺŻͽһƽǧǧĶ
κر߹йʵҴĲɶõҳӷⶨſ
ʥȺˣѹƴٶ֮죬һֵЩһӵˣҲλˣκҼ·ӵļӳ֣ʵ˵һ購ˡ
л¡·ﱻһ£¾Ȼʱ˵ԼȥκҾ飻һӹٽ
ĺǶˡ·ԼҪǹٵ飬ٵȵȣڲʺ˵
ӺаЩҪ۾ǹģʱ򣬵ǵ棬Ȼʼӷκ·ֱǰūڵϲȡ


132 
һԼãһơ
£˵Ӣˣҵã۷ƹūһˣǲԭϳŮӣС;ʿյʿǻĪˣϲϼϲ˫ϲţּͻɣӺа۷ʹһɫ
Ļʵ۱£Դϴ뻢ڲԭһСŮӱһģּ
۷ƱⲻǺʱԼֶˣֻøֵĻ˵
·ոϿ̨۷ƵĻʶȥӣӣҲÿﺬž棬·˵ҪǸҴӦ군ˡ
ӣոջ·ٵϲأôͻȻţôжôƫƫķ
£ɱ£Ȣ֮ʱŵһһһ˫ˣȢڶˣԲǸı֮ˡ
·һ䣬Ů߿ӣĽ֮ɫôôôõӡ
ڵٵģ檣ƴĳˣ
ɣŵģոմϻʱô䣬ųɼǸڵġⲻǻûּ𼱣۷ƹҲҪżҴĺжǣǲŵһ쵽²ʱˣվɢ˰ɡ
ͱ¡ԼĻʺˣȲ˵·ӦӦȾͲӦΪ·ŮӣΪ·ڴĿɲԼĶκҾ
Լڰſ͸ˣ;Բͬ£˼κҾſɲǰſøūˡǵ
·ˣߵӣߣסӣ֣С˵㣬һٸģҿ϶Ӧġ
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ӣ˼Ҷ۸ˣӶҲǲǹ
~ô磬ȻҾܾū¡۷ƺԼˣȻֱӾܾ˵ĺһһһ˫ˡ϶ǾܾԼɡ
ɺ޸̫Ӻһ߿ŮһеϷ룬·ϵĻʵȤ
ԭ۷ƹɡ
۷ƹ˲˵ղԭ֮ǵˣ㵱ʱһֻ֣κҾ׷ǱĪǹôˣǲӦ׵ģȰ۷ƹء
·оԼԼ֣˵Ҳ˲ˣԼǹײġ
·㲻Ҫ֪ôÿĸ֡
°ܽ˵㣬ɵӻúܣ϶⣬Ҵ㡣
ˣɣؼҰɣҶˡԼķΪǸӵʱ˭֪߸Ǻ£ҪŹˡ
¿ƽͣʵôּ·۾ˡʱĿڣϾڱ¶ū̬ȻԺΪǲܰ˵
õģĸ·ҲίߣҪæŻȥϱܲ˯Ϳ岻ĺˡ
һ··ϣ󳼺ͼҾ춼۽ᣬе˵ūţе˵е˵أرһЩδ˵С㣬ѻԼδѡı׼
ϺӣҲһȺϲ߳ţ춨Ƹ϶յܶĺ
ʱ·ȴӣԽԽԼʱΪ˽ѧЩѧö࣬·ȴ黨ǲݣ㱻ͻ顣
еĿǹԸ޸·Ա˳ǲԼ䲻·ֳ˻֪ҪΪδŮӵɣֻһѸ
Ȼ·֪ѸǼٵģ˲֪ʸЩ
㣬ңҾûж࿴ǸʲôһۣҲ޸ҵģҵġ
ô˵Ҫļ޸㣬ҪȢ𣿡
㣬˵ʲôأôأ˵ˣⱲֻһӣʳԣҳ㣬ٲܺŮһֻϲ㣬㡣
·ֻͨĴ˵
˵ʲôأ׼˵ˣȥʰ㡣ӣ뻹øոĸȥˣҪǺԼһöΪ飬Ҳ֪ĸ᲻Լƶʡ
·Ҳǲ̫˵ȵٺúú
һƸ·ߵӣӣһ³ڵһԼڿˣ·һûиӣӦĻᡣ
ôˣŶ಻á
ţͲţǲῴġȻпǵ˶ȥ
ɣ㲻ҪΪɻأû꣬ʱΪѧѧǵģ춼۸ˡ
㣬Ĳ֪飬ұ֤κεĹϸҾȥ̫ӵ˵Ͽ찲˼޳ȥ
˼ҿūһˡ
һ㣬ҿǹģֻнŮӡŮ˳Ȼһ㡣
ģƭӣͻƭˡ
ܲ˸ҾǼҵˣ˶벻ҵۡ
㿴˵ʱĿתģôʱûأ
㣬ֻǵһο赸ѣûпǵʲôӡӣ·ʵ֪鲻·ĴԼС˼


133 Ԥı
·ԸӺԼѾûʼĻˡֻҪ·ĲɣͲ¡
㲻˰ɣΪ˱˰ԼˣЩ˶ֵá
ı֡ӣѾԷˣ·һۡ
ܰѽź·һ¾Ϳ񣬶ˡ
ĵס¹⣬ֻϵ֪顣
Ӻаͺ۷ƻصۡ
֣ôһ£ͻȻҴֲ
۷ģǲӦýĳֱֽһ·磬˷һԭʤڶûˡ
ã˵㻹бɸõѡ𣿶ҿӲҲͦɵ𣿡
Դϴα²ԺͿԼڻɣߵģûߵģгʱģҲԸ׵Ĺûмյġ
֣˶˵һǵһǣôôɵĴҲֱ˵ĵۺɶ˷ǳɲ˵ġ
~ңʱɳͷԣô죿ɻа취
涼ҵģǡ
鵽ҹŸԻȥϢڴϣ۷Ƶڱصá
ڶ·ȥ̫ūʹţ飬Ӻаͺ۷ƶʵһЩ
·Ҳֵڣϸˣ۷ǵ뷨϶ģҪ˵Լͬ⣬¿϶Ҳͬģһ߹ش󽫺͵йҲ֪ǶΣա
֪һֱûаȫУƻҪӣһϲ
Ӻа̫ӵ£֪⾩ʲôʵûУҺòһδĵľ̫ӵºλҪǹһ䡣
̫ӣȻһ꣬ƴ˵˼룬ӵĴ󲮸ġȻˣǽȥƮ¥ɣɣ˵أ
·£û飬֪Ʈ¥ûаˣǽ͵ۡ۷ƹ
⣺ƴ˵Ʈ¥һֱܺõģ˵ǰͶλˡ
ӺаƴӣͲˣǴǧ֮Ȼһᶼû𣿶ۡôܸܵľҹ֮
۷ƣ˵öԣƴˣԺ۷ƿҪôڴĵģ̫ӵºƴӶΪĵס
̫ӣУȻλ˵ˣȥš
Ӻаͺ۷ƻʹһɫ
ӣڼһֱЩ֮ǰôһֱ׼磬һ꣬кܶ϶ʶĹԱҾƷҶ񵥹ģ֪δ
Լĸȥ侩ǣҲÿʱЩʲôӺΣ˶һЩȥ
ҲڼӦЩҾ죬үҲھɴͰ鶼κܼҴȻӦӣ飬ϱѾѾǹ˸飬
ѾڻʹӢ´򻢴ū£лκɽ֮սʤĴ£ϰֳƺá
ЩץסʱѾʼ׫ĸ汾Ĺˣӣϻȥһ£̫źͲű߼ʣ߹һֱ
ĸɫҪȥƮ¥ʳɡ
аԴϴȥ¤Թһһֱأǲ֪ʱȥûλˡ
ӦеģǶһҵˣҲƮ¥ԼˣӦÿǰŸǡ
ǺãǾȥ
ϱƮ¥ȻǸԼİûˣӣ˳ĳ˻
·һҲƮ¥ɾñóƮ¥İᣬܿˡ
̫ӣһζҪСһЩ
ӺаŹ﷭ĺͣǼǺ˵ζеѡ̫ӵ£ССһʳ˲ɡ
⣺͹֪Եþһȣ¹ҼΪλˡ
۷ƣα鷳ˣȻƴʳʳӦû˱ƴ˸֪ôóˡ
Ӻа˵öԣ鷳ƴˡӺаϲ·ԱԼսɱôʿ
̫ӣλ֪ҪԼֲźóԣɣΪǼ˵һպˣԼ߳Աɡ
·õģ¡
·õպ̫кźӺаͺ۷ƾͿʼԣҲܶܲܳԵϰߣԼͦԵġ


134 
̫ӣѾƣλһ£ֻƮ¥ܺȵļ𡣡
кӺа»ǱҪúóһˣҪºƴ˲顣
Ե棬·ūܺȰֲܿǹ̫ӵµľƣܵľ͵һ£ӺаҲˣ̫ӵµľƺֱӾ·ã·ͲǺܺãͷЩˡ
ȥУ뿪ᣬȥԸƹĲҪϾˣ˵յľˮѾˡ
Ӻа˰ᣬ˵̫ӵ£ȥéһΣ
̫ӿһ·аοǳȥԺҲءӦûʲôµģԼҲȷȥéޣվҡҡλεĺͺӺаȥˡ
˳ȥ·һֻ·۷ƹ۷ƹ˳ȥվ·ߡ·񣬺۷ƻһЦ
ոһֱںȾƣСŮӻδ뽫һ뽫
۷ƹ¹ٲʤѾȲˣ빫Ĺ¹١
ôֺȾͺȵȥСŮӺȾͺȲȥҲ𣿡
¹ٲ޴⣬¹ȸΪ
ȻǽŻӣ۷پһۿŹλ·ԽԽͲ·ˡ
·Ҳɵ˶ó۷ʲô˼ūݣѾͣսϣʲôӶֻ΢΢󿿣ľ룬ʱίߡ
۷еľƱСĻ䣬һõ·ϡ
ѽ~˼͸ɾ
ò~·Ͽվ۷óǰԼæһƿ
ӣϳ˴Ӱʱӣò⿴·Ǹūֻˣ۷ƹ·վرƺǣֿһˣ·Ҫסһ
ӣһƬհס۷ƹ˵Ҫ·׵£˲·һ
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ϿǰһĻҲ𾪣Ҫȥ׷ӣ̫Żᷢ顣Ͼ·žܾ˺׵顣
ȸ·˽һΪá֪ʵҲøӣǾվڰٹ۲һ¡
ȻͿ·ƿ˺۷ơ
ڸҵ·ʪԻᴦⷬɿʧһݡ
·һƿĹеһūԼõôߣȻмɫòŻȫܺͽȣοԼףమ֪ԺҲݲκˣŲĶˡ
ʱ߽ᣬ·ƿ۷ƣ۷Ҫײſַס۷Ƶ
ɣȶˡ
⣬ãȶˣҿղˡ
ûһȿӽ˰ᣬȻֿ̫Ӻūһ
·̫ӺһЩоԼײԼԸߣǺҲһ˿ǡ
۷ɫͲ̫ÿˣǳ²࣬ס̫ôһŵĻûˣȷɶ޺øУһֱԼƨɣˣ췹ҲǺ÷
ɢԺ·Ʈ¥ſڰѺú̫ӶߣվƮ¥ſţߴĸ
ɣոո۷ƹһȾƵʱҺͺӣó극˿̫ܣҲ֪ǷʲôΪĸģǺӣһӣΪ˽飬֪жѹҿǿܻȥģϽȥһ°ɡ
·Ȼ˺ܶƣⷬǱһưˮϣ˲ѣ군ˣƺҲϴˡ׷Żؼȥӣ͡
֣һ
ɿһ㶼ϲ۷ƹ۷ƹѾôˣȻ޶ԣɼķأеο
ӣܻԷû˷ڱϣֹס˺ôһŻһ㣬ֿʼ˺˼롣
۷ƹôƯ·㣬һʵǺܰ䡣
ͨԼܱһȣԼһɹ׵ˣķ涼û취۷ƹȡҿһӣ·ͦܵġԼ뿪ɣ·Կ˵Լ϶ܲˡ
ӣһһʰԸ׼·ʱѾϻҴҵĳԷȥɻΪҪô׼·Ҳôżӣĵѯ
ˣô׼Ҫȥʲô飿


135 
·˸ǽ ׼ˣĶҲȥ
ſǴ˺ͷ˳ˣȻְѸոװ˵Ķж
·ԷͿӣʰԼͷ˷˿̸ˣһѹȥİ
㣬ˣҺ۷ƹ˽飬ֻǺ̫ӵһԾķ⡣
᣿ҿ۷ƹǾñط̸꣬
㣬Ȳ˵ҺǱǵжԹϵҲͬġ
ǰǾջȳ²ҿϲˣǰһֻ˾̵̻֮ŮôܱȵĹ黭ͨĹ
㣬·𣿼һһ
˶ǻģ֪ԭΪû뵽ŮװҲǣҶ㲻𣿻ҳױǷ곡Ϸõ˾Ͳϧ𣿡
·ŵĿӣȵ̫˵Ļô˵ڵģʼȣ֪ԼŮӣôôܻϲϱˣôܻס
ӣտҺ۷ƹһ飬㲻··ٲҲЩǿǧ򱶣Ҳ磬Ƕ侲һ¡
˵·ȥ˿ԺΪҲһ׼ˮϴԺ˯ˣƾԼ־ôãʵǽƣˡ
ӣ·ת뿪Ҳٰο͡øίˣ
ϽϣŵǵԺͿӣһڷᣬǰǣӣ֡
˵ӣˣ뿪Ժ̫ӵºͻˣҿūݺɣһֱѵģڿɲܷͿʱɲܰơ
ӣ⻰ʵ۷ƹ𣿡
ϣǵģոߵ̫ˣʵϸ۲һ£ϵҲֹ˵ģһֱɲԲ顣
ӣˣԼոôһҲǣ·˵̫ˣǲܻƷɻѾ˵ˣڲ֪Ӧô죿
·ڶһˣӣܵľʮְûڣʱͷϣôĶΪԼԱ
ȥٽһ飬ԷķŽգſǻһ֪Ӧôڣȥ飬ý㰲ġ
·Ҵҵϵ̫Ӹ̫ӵ£̫ҲһЩƣ糿ͷţ·ΪȣҲȽ·Ϳ̫ӵλ̫Ѩ
ֳտɰҺˡ
һôôˣ˵
Ʈ¥Էʱҷ˿ˣʱȥéˣȥҳһܡ
ɰֳ˵㣬Ů˲ܹţķƶʣôһĸ
ֳ˵ˣⱲӾ϶ҷһӣָܲܿѡԴͷϽˣҷ˾Ͳˡ
û뵽˾ڣаɣ鼱õģһ븸˵ġ
лֳˣˡ·ȥӣأǳ̫Ӹ·侲ܾˣһλԺͻỳ
ҪⲻǳܣǽĲţͶΣҪô˵ȥ
ӣѹԺ飬Լеȡˣ֪ô·Ժ֪·ľͳˣ
˼գּ۷ƳΪϳТûл䡣
У۷ƹûлҲֻˣڳûʵȨ˵õѡ
Ȳμ۷ƹĻº·һڲÿˡ
׵һ䣬ӣԽԼС֮ĶȾ֮ˣʱ˾սһ·Ҳ˵һ仰סڿԺ棬һ·ԵĲˣѲ˷ŵǵԷպ·˵
ˣԺֱӻԺ·ţƻ͸
·⼸ʱ䣬ӦѾˣٵȥͲˣǽ¿ֱӾȥԺ
ӣ·̤ԺۿˣĬĬתͷȥ·ŻϲԵĲ˺ӣۼˣϽȥӱӵס
~㣬ҲãӦø˱־룬ġˡ
ӣͷס·
~ԼСˣҵĻǲˣҲģһʱѿڶ㲻Ҫϡ
֪ΪңںҲܲҸߵ̫ҲҪһЩΣҺ˾ƣĲˡ
ôô춼˵
Ҳ㻹ûȺ׵ˣֻҪ۷ƹˣ֪ҵˡ
᲻ȡˣ
ᣬ㣬ǲЩĵ˺㿴һ˶ˡ·ﻹû׼ãԽȰοһӣ׼ӣԼļ
ãΪҿר˺þ㳢


136 ױ
·ӣԼƣܾе㲻ģūƵţﻹûйȥ㣬ô㵹ƣɡ
ӣԼĿģһ˿⡣Ҳãҵɡ
˾ƹѲһЩ΢ӣŵ·ϣһȦס
·ڵӣе欣һ˫۾èץƵġ~
˵·˵Լ£ѧŰƸûӣ¶Լ硣
·ķ羰۾ֱˣʲôʱˣ˭ɫȻӺɴģ΢¶˵ݵģҪɫĴ䣬ζ
ӣʵͷ·ѹɤ˵ܾˣÿԼֻҪһѹ˵ر˷ܡ
·ÿ𣿡
㡭㡣·ھӣ߸ϵŮһһԼ
ӣ·ԼңʱоԼӶһ£֯Ϣȣӣôͽ⣬ֻ
·оӣԼĲԼеƤһƤһ˫ָӣ䣬µżȻú棬һ㵽ס
·˫ֻӣ£չԼǰ֮ǰκһζгѧĳӣ⣬վ߽齣Ϊ׼ʢ磬ҪҲѾƲ˰
ӣڴߣóһ׼õ··ǶرĽߡӣݹ·Ž㻹ͦ棬ԼϾӣ˵ȵȣҰ㡣
ӣ˫ֽ·һһȥЩ·ָ϶Ƕ˯ۡ㣬ûбҪɣȻҪѵġ
бҪߣȥױ̨
ӣױ̨óƽʱԼΣĸ·һ򵥵ķ٣ӣȻ֬Ϳ֬װϡ
㣬ÿ𣿡·ЩϾԺҲûлױ⸱ȽӢ֪ױʲôӡ
𼱣һ㡣ӣó̿ʸüë
㿴
·ͭеԼױһҲŮΪӣüëһ飬Ӣϴŵ·ȻһֺгŮԶе˧
ӣ·ӣ˵һ·ǶʱԼһԼʪ˯ġ
ԭϲң
԰ÿ𣿡
ôԣǲӦøһЩ·վһӣԼôãɲ仰ܴ򷢵ġ
ӣȦס·ĲӣԼĺ촽·סתΪӳŵɢó˵żϴ齵Ӱӻλƣһ񼲷һ㣬һëеĻ衣
ӣ·뽻Ժֺ˺ܶ࣬ϺֿһְֵĽҪһϸĸôټĸۡôʩԴū澣ӣԼĻֺ̿Ͳʧˡ
˺ͺԺͿʼңӾΧΧĻᣬӣ֮ǰһĴԺʳǲԶλãڵĶǰڡ
·ػɱǼٹ˽ˣҪȻһӺûʵȨĽôסڶĸڣõԼȻܰɡ
дŻߴһԴʨӣ߽լӵĴţӳһȣ԰ڷŸֹŶƷȾͷһĴڷһž޴ĺľӣΧڷŸӣԵׯضš
ߵԺǷͽӴ˵ĵطٴӳ߳ȥǸ԰ӻ԰ƮĿ
ԺͿԺˣ˶Ҫʮլ汾еʮūȷֲ˶ʮūͻԺ·ÿ·ӣĽҪǿ·ٺ»ôˡ
ȷûֱӻſھӣһϯүûھʹϵĹԱǶμƼҵᡣ
Ϳ·ӣˣ϶תģҾҹԱ֮Ĺϵ۸ӣָһͰ˵ˣǵøƶ档
·ҲľͿʼдӣڹϺܶԱʶ·Щûм·ģҲһЩ˵֪磬ʶĲʶĶˡ
ĸ֮ǰѹҲðᵽ˽Ҫ֮ǰǸСԺ˶վ
ӣҲóôƺֶΣڰҵĵմݲȵںլ˶
ȻСֻҪһţͱһƵģʮ㡣ϿŽͷҪܹܵôĸۡ
һæµ·ӣ۵Ĳӣ·뻹ڹŴ˳ȺӵģַſڣȻö۰
ϴ꣬·ɸӣͷӣƣ㣬ʱˡ


137 
㻹һģֲֻࡣӣعͷס·ȻƣֻҪ·߾ͺá
㣬һ£Ҫ͸㡣
·ͷóһСľУߵӣǰϥأӣְ·
㣬½ʱҪָָֽ飬Ժƶ󡢼ҶԶһ𣬰㣬ϧ㡣ԴԺͬͬѨ벻㣬Ը޸𣿡
·ȥʹԽָȦӣֵƴĸ
Ը⣬ҵȻԸ⣬ܲƶ󡢼ҶԶһ𣬰㣬ϧ㡣ԴԺͬͬѨ벻
ӣѾˣԼһֱҪģȻֻз
·ӣǣΪѽָָϡӣҲѧ·Ӹ·Ͻָָ·ӣϣʮָۡ
㣬Ҹ˵һ°ɡǧһŮͱԼĸĸСһڹ¶Ժﳤ󣬹¿ÿնҪΪһʳСӴܣʮ꣬ξˣΪӿԳԱ
ڲӺù˺ܶ࣬Ȼѵ࣬ûйĶǣÿֻҪŬѵظȤĹһֱ30꣬һ뽱ԼһΣȴΪɻ׹
һȫİʱʱˣ˰ˣлϲޱȣҲùһδ㣬лл㣬ҵ
ӣһֱ·õĶ̫ˣ֪СôģôѧôĶһʼͻɹܲʱˡ
û뵽Ȼǧ̫꣬˷˼ˣϻкܶ޷Ķڡ
£˵һжʵģΪľǧ꣬·һ˴С󣬿϶ܹܶĿɣѹ᲻ر¶аġ
лҵߣ·ɻʲô
㣬ĹעǲǴˣ
˼֪
㡣
治ὲ£⼸仰ͽһˡ
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ԭҴôѽòҪôõĽ㡣
ǱҴ㡭㡭
Ժ·ֳ˺ܶʱֲͲˡ׵ȵȡÿ·٣·ܾˣԽѹԽϺӣھˡȥϳֻƽ
ţ͵ǿˣһҲӰٷ򳤻쵽ǧ򳤡ƶƼҵ÷ˮģӣÿնûʲôˡ
黭ӢѧԺڿηӣһŮټĴŮӣСҲڶϰ濪ʼչ¶츳ˣŲõĽǾǵĸһڸطⷢȡ
·һڴǹٳɹۻǸ˻ְ
·ӣ̤е·ӣֻҪһÿվͲ·ǧȤ£˵ÿһô档
·ҲԭǧԺϵŮӸŮӣӸӶǿԳɻģŮƽȡĽǧ˰
һȥ˲ԭ紵ݵţȥɳĮգɳĮһ޼ʵĻҲʹһ˺һһ޼ʡ
һط·ӣͻϺͶܶȥ̶Ӿ̶Ӵû̶ǾŵȻȥʱøǡ
Ϊʹ˲ܳȥһ𱼲ֻڼտŮÿξ˴ųɶѵǻᱻһ٣һ굽ͷҲˣҪǼ˶࣬һôæù
;·ڼĳڼش˼£һ˼صӢѧԺԺ⼸ӢѧԺڴԽԽһһ˲͵ĵĸطΪĵȹ̺ͷչ޴Ĺס
رӢѧԺµŮѧԺΪŮȫ滯ԪȨµΪŮӮһ뻰ȨŮʱλ
¤ҵӢѧԺӶԴ͵ҡ¤ϾλޣľݸӢѧԺ
ÿһӢѧԺſڶһʯдӢѧԺĳԺͲˡ·ɽֱԶһһѧԺ档
ʮʱۼݱѾʮ̫ӵ¼λ꣬·ӣڽżϫhͰƣҲû˸棬ʱ·ֹͣˣôҸ
㣬ôóˣ·֪ôһֱڰ峯⣬£һЩɢû뵽ŰƳɽˮ
ĺһ̫ƽҲˣ㣬ʹǹˡ
·һʣϫhԼʼݱ֮ǰ̽һվȨԶΪΪĳʶģôĻٵԼһִµĽɽء
Ǵս߹ˣٰµİٴսȥҲֻʺϿسɵĻԼô̫ӵĵܸܵʡ
˽˵ԸԼһĺ°գж±ȨԼİ˻ƶգ飬Լ͵ܴܵСһ𳤴󣬳໥ô꣬ûлʲô񣻰Ѵĵδܷġ
ٺ٣㣬ⲻûҶһ˵濴ƽҲһܵġ
·иְ滹Ǻܻ˵ģôҲһЩ£ΪûʵȨ˵ľͻϫhдţô꣬ϫh֪Լ·ƨˡ
㻹˵ڶһˣֻ֪档
ⲻҲ԰ɩɩҪ볤㲻ҪҰơ
ˣò׳棬ǼȻ˾ͽһΰɡ
Ƶô꣬ڵȵһֱߣʱⱲĵʱ򣬱оЩҪġ
ϫhƷҲ׷·ˣôԼԼڰƵʱˣӽԺÿһҪڰߣͷϡ
꣬ĵϳ˹ڻ޵ԼѸٻɷ
ܴ꣬󳤹ӢѧԺӰ죬ĵ䲼˳͢Ůѡεƶȡ


138 ϫhƷһ
Ѿʮİ¤һŴ󳤹¼һ֦趯ȻѾ̵ˣ͸Ʈһʹ󳤹ĵһμ档
ǰ꣬Ƭʮ·ѽ׼ʮ·ѡ˵ʱֵ׳һｫ͢ԺʮѸʮ·ռһϯҺʮ·һ·κҾκˣΪֵһ֮Ľֵܡ
˵׼ҿļҾ˵ļҾκҾ׳־ۣ϶ռһϯ֮ء
һհƸոյ游Ժ棬Ϳģ˺游һȲ衣
ҵСŮơ˵ʵĽڣǾԲҵСŮ͵Ӫȥҽġ
״ˣûа취ˣģƹȥԺֻҪչСŮУӪ޹ء
ƶ֮Ұ׼û취Ϊ׼ҵһԱҲӦΪ׼ҳһĽŮϫh귽ˣȴѾսһˣھӪ֮УûҽŮĽҰ׼游ȻѾӦĽˣȥʰһ£վͺӪľҽһȥɡ
ƣ游ƶԸǰܶҽĵط
꣬ûʼʶ֣ѾᱳͷˣҲʮˣȻҽǷȱѾ游뵽õѡˡ
12İƺʮ׼ҾҽȥļҾһӪļҾոսһս֪һСǾҽϼȥ˱Ӫ˱Ӫ˵ʿЩ翴Ҳ󣬵ȴѾȱ첲ˣ֮ǰ׼ǿһĻ޴˵
ι~˭վʲôʲôã̧һ¡
ԲҡҲ֪ʲô㡣ѪҲʲôӡ
Ĵ磬ǲľҽôôСϫhһӪھͿһСﴩȹվӪʵſڣס·
СѾѧ˺ܶҽˡ
ҵҽŮھӪﲻܴŮװ
ĽҽаƣҽŮ
˵Ż˰ϫhŵ˱Ӫڡ
߰ɣȥҵӪĶϣԺ͸ס
Щ˱أ
ʱҪˣҪ㣬㿴ϣոһ͵Ϯһ£Ҷÿ졣ϫhתƾͿһƳ̵ĿӣǸոտ˱ˣһֱðѪ
Ľ㣬ǿ߰ɡƿǸӾˣöѽĽȻܺ죬Ͽϫhֱۡ
ûôߣҴ·ڴСھӪﳤϫh˵ⲻʲô
еľΧһԲֳɰһֲŴССһ·Χ˱Ӫߵʸһ
ɣҵӪˣҴͰˮϫhվŵױ˵
Ľ㣬˵ˣҿ˰ɡ˵ŷԼŵҩ䡣
ϫhת棬Լѵ¶˶Űơ
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Ҳ£ѧҽô
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ҸոǱ紵۾ˡ
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Ľ㣬Ȳɡ
ŶʧˣҶϻšʵϵ˻еʹģֻǸո棬ϫhֳܱƾԼڳš
ϫhϵƲſϫh౥Ķͷһ˫̵ۣͦıӣཱུ촽Ѿ16ϫhѾ֮ˡ
ôˣǲǽ̫ÿˣϫhŷİơ
ǵģֻû뵽Ľ㳤ÿ
СӲѣˣɣ˿ڡ
Сˮϴϫh˿ڣҩۣ޲
Ľ㣬´ҪСһЩ˿Ȼǲ˿̫Ͳôˡ
һעģû£ⶼСˡ
ƿϫh촽ϵӡûнҴԼ϶Ѿ޳ˣĽȴһδԡ
һϫhľͶһ齣ȥһֱһδϫhˣƵҽԽԽãÿζĿϫh۵촽ҧƣԳչϫhȥľ˱Ӫ;ҽǴһ𣬲ϵԼҽ˾ҽõɢ
ŭʮĵϫhѾˣļǵÿһսۣһһľԶϫhϣһҵġ
ʮ·սɴս˰Ȼ״̬һɴļҾκҾ϶Ϊһģʮˡһǰ˾ͽ޵ľӣʮһ˧£Ҳʮ¡
ǰһƾֵĴƣļҾʣλκλλǾʦϫhº͸ӪĽ
ʦλǸƣ·~
Ҳĵģǵһ·ʤ㣬·һǾˡ
κҲþʦǿ취֣ǵݶ⡣


139 ϫhƷ
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ϫhʦǺ˾ͽ൱Ҫʤף˵κߣʱס»пܣôܳʱס·ˣκ߾Ǳ֮֡
ϫh˵»ǵôӳ飬ȻǱ̫Σˡ
ʦʵѾˣҪơ
һҪº˾ͽ֮ͨŵĿܣͶһЩ
κҰԼˣʱǰ漸ӪȫˣͿһ˴ˣ˴Ҿ·ԶԼ档
һƾ죨СȣֻҪıʿʱȫһ´κ
κʦ߲ţκĳˣҾô¿С
ãȻǶô˼ƿУǾͰպ󣬴Ρ
ļҾ˾ͽĵһ̣ϫhΪȷӪȥĻң֪ǰսˣĽεһЩ
ͻȻ洫һ֪ǵһս½˱µźţϱӪʣһ˱ʮ˺ߴͷһ
ƾҽƾҽ죬죬иҪϴ˿ڡ
ֶһ£˵ϫh˵ĺأ˵ĺأױ˻š
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ƷܣԼȥһϫhӪʣվźüױ
׾ҽһҪκ
ƽȥһϫhɫ԰ף֪ʧѪ࣬ӦױԼ·ѹţһֱѪǿѾȾ·֪ϫhڵܲá
죬ȥ׼ˮɢ˹Ҫ졣ǿװ򶨣ܻţڲܻš
Ϊ˿ڹ󣬰ֻպϫh˿һ𣬰ƿԼ֣һȥöʹǰԶҲȥ˵ġǲһ˿ڿ϶Լϲˡ
ƺһͻԵϫhȫ鴤һ£Ƶ˲ˣϫhϣҲ·˰ƵϣоԼı˺˰ʹ
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תͷͿᣬ۾ףһǺܾû˯ӡɵѾͷʲôⲻֻ𣿡
ƸϿ˲ԼᡰĽ㣬ˡ
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ҹ
սˣ
Ľ㣬Ÿѣܲȱ˵ô໰ιԵ㶫ɡ
ƣ֪ңһţ㿴ʬҰսһղ꣬ǾһղжףµϰվͶһյĿࡣ
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ϧսսѾͷ¶ӵˣ֪ԼѾҲ벻
ƣҲʲôӢۣҲ˵ʲôĻ֪ûϫhûǧǧʿϰԶûգ˻һ뾡Щౡ֮
Ľ㣬ԲҲԵģո˵еˣˣҲѲ
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µʱ䣬ֻκ̱ӹΡļҾ˾ͽϢʱ²֪Լϵˡ
κ༸ˣʮ򣬵ȴסԼʮ£ϾκҾսκҲյļҾ˾ͽ޵Ϣ֪ԮҪˣͻսס¡


140 ϫhƷ
ʮʱȥˣ¼ļҾǰԮκҾ֪ȥԼӪ⡣´ͶСܡֱǻƵۣûЩɢ¡
ƼĿŸ̨ϵϫhǳˣһۣoÿһ˶ᱻķ绪۷
ֻԼ֪֮Ǿˣ˰˰̣ǲڳսۡ
ǰϫh˺ԺϫhҲĸ׵ϢԼĿˡ
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