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ʦ̻塣
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ֽ⻪Ѹʧøסݿӵײߣʲô
׷⡢˫ѪɫСߣŮԭһޣ
ֲûϢԭԭԺⲻǸԭͷ
ԡͷ
ƤݿӣӵСߴ˿Ѿǿ֧ϸСĲҲ
СͷСϱˣƬƬѪܵ˺ۣȥҵòˡ
˫Ѫȴס˲ţͬöѪȾ͵ļӲʯÿ̹ǣ÷
ĿǴ˶ļֱ뼾Ŀڣһ֧һ֧ڼϡϣ޲ܽƤǡ̳븹
ɫ˼һǳ⣺
ڸŮ˹µǸü



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վݿǰĺܣ־ԼǱ˼ס֣ܵһʱҲܲⱲӡ
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δ䣬һķȻ
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3 鶾Ůҡ֫
С߳ʧټվڰùֵĽ֮ڣһදҡҡ׹
ոСָоʵǡҲڶˣ
֮屾УԪӤʿŲĽſ־壬ÿһ㴥жᱻɱŴийٷء
ÿһƬÿһ˺۵ĦʪҺ壬ԼëﲻðȺˮһһһһΣ·ϡ󱳺СϴУĴԡ
ô˵ءΪִˣǰֻڶ԰࣬ΪԼûôߣտʼСʱǿװ򶨡
ڣı֮ܵ󡭡ʶԼ棡ģܣ£ߣ
ᴭϢŻܣССķڳʮּ򵥣һͼһҲ֪Сܵȥˡ
µĽ粢ŶС߻䷿
һ뵽Լһ֪ĶСߣʱ׼ԼϣԼһڡ
ھͰüⷿӲҪˣ
촽о΢˼Ʈ룬ǾС߹ͨһ¸ղŵ顣
վм䣬˶񣬶ſ
λѣᣬλʦ֮ǰӵʦҪܱаϢʦڱչأרңȫ֪ĴڣҲὫ㽻
ܻҲգߵڰҲУȵϴԼ߳Ը衣
˵
ҵݿӣȻˣ־ȴδӰ죬Ը뿪һ뷨ӽ㰲ȫͳڡѡˡҲᾡΪڡ
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ʱɫѺڣ»ˮྻԡ¹⣬ʶķ䣬Сһжͻᷢ֡
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˶ϸ룬߷СûбĻ϶С߷ģ
⡭ʲô
ⲻݿеһȫİԵܵϢ
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üͷȥߣ̵þһ

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ȫڷ顣
ҡⳡķйֱ֪Դ
౾ƫͷûˮûƳһˮ档
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ɫˮڲϣߵ¶˿û½ֺܿϰ¶Ⱥϰ˶ԷԼĶ
͸͸Բ⣬࿴һҫĳߣϣβеĳָָ⣬Ħҹǰ鶯
ֻǶȴʮ鰮ζ
֪˶ãƬٿȻըˮڷ⣬ʱĳ̾
ſڼĳƤϣƺҪҧһڣȴֲҧֻס滺Ħ
̣Ƥȵ÷ۣٲҶ࿴һۡ
ƿߣȴ޷ԼֵĴУָսϸƬĦĳЩ˵ġ
ûԺ֮Уǵɳơ欣ֳ̾Ϣ
㡭㡭á



4 ̸ҽ⿪
ҹơ
ɽҹţнޣԺǵŮԣۿǰ߹ʹֱǳת»
ֱѶȹĽ׶Σʧȥ֪ȴΪ߱ʹš
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߳һƵ⣬άŹˮߡˮƣζûж
˹ֱָȷѾϣСó
ˮУƴһƬˮ°ϣʪġ
ǱʹһҹĹߡ
΢ЩӰ㲻Ҷ࿴Լֱֻֻ֣һֶֻȪˮһָ
Сߵˮи˳ָƮڰɽʯϣ׶޳˿ڲ͸⣬ˮʧȥɫƬϹȥһϸҶ
Ѿȹ߷ߡ衢ڡʹȵȽ׶Σһ˼ҷɣľˣֻ֪鶾ûн
Уأ
ԺеŮҲʧѹŶͷֻͷѡ
ǺܲߵԻ·ô뵽ģָҰοǵжԹϵŵ˵ָֹߣǵ죡
ȻԼֶʱһ϶
ǿܾã߶ӵϰԣǺߡ
ʹùʹĳЩطƺֵġϴҺ˿ڷ䡣
࿴һʯͷſŵСߣٶãĬĬһƬʪ͸ȹǣС߰С
ʪܵĲϣָⴥĶƤ̴Ƶָֻš
Ȫˮϴ֣תһ룬ƬȪˮڿ³˰ߵҺԼ˸ָɾˬ
磬ⱲҲƬȪˮˡ
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۵֣һŵİߣʩչسɴ磬һص߷
ڼͽıڵķﵽңҵһľӣպðѰųСŷͷֶľϡ
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СѾˣͫʾ۹⣬Ưıʯ۾ζסĶһ֮£Ȼŭ¶ɭݣҧ˹
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Сߵݸպ֣˺۽λεĻҹƣǳǳźӡҧۡ
֪ģĶЩƤȴδҧһڡ
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СĿ䣬ͫ̽ضӳСԼ˼סˣȫ͸ʲô
಻ɫӦһСС̸С
Ҫʼͽⳡ̸УǼһʼƵģݿӺ˰ߣǰƱҪֻۡ
ڡҹһҹƣ֮䣬ĳ΢ƽ⡣
ݿӣȴΪⶾһгƽ̸ƽȣݹƽ
ජСߣСҲ˶óԷǴˣߣ
һҹļ֮ס΢̫΢ˣǶӾͷ·ϸС죬˭ҲԸƿߡ
˭Ը䡣
СβڿУһҲҡˣһƷ˿۽ǣҲûַ
Ҳ֪˶ãСӣԺУֳһϤŮ
ð
ȻɣӦˣԼѾƣӦòˣ
ȻûüϲԺе
չ˲ܣĴҶὫ㣬Ƥǡҡ
ࣺ

һ󼫺ЦЦˣȻ˵
ҹźòڣΪҰĦ



5 ūź˯
ˡ
˸ڻôͿʼʩˣ
ۣ۽ǵķ˿ʱ۵ǿĵɫ
룬ˣҵ˼ǡ
ǵŮ˵꣬һЦֱӴĻ
ǣ
С߽࣬³䰵ţβĴľॵॵ졣
ǵŮڼԺУԵ˹Ȼ
᣿ʲôˣ˼ǣӴԺҵūչңңֱ뿪𣿡
ūʲôģ
ſھҪСȴ̧ͷ£̬߰شСԴҪյıǼϡ
СɳƵͳһ
ҡΪңԲɱңȴҲߡΪңǵ֮ҲΪң֮Ŷ²صĹء
һüԴۡ
СѪͫھֱ̫һƬģֻʣĨ۵ĺ죬ڸ۵İﶨ˸·ѩһ˫÷µѪС
಻˵ˣüͷϢˣҲˣڴŮĴȫˣôӣôôأ
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վľߣЦһʺ˿͹ȥ
ɽҵĵ̣ȻҧңҪĦûаĦˣԺʵʵţȻҡ
һʱȻΪֲ˼ҸߣѵϵŮӣ˼˺ú𣿻ǳڰ˼ӳȥҲˣ
ȴ޴йֻܺĸԼؿڡ
Сߺ챦ʯƵӳһʿһƲ˵ģǴ˿̣ǰ絭£ۺˮʩ죬ָһĨ޶ĿѪ졭
ȻС߶ˡ
ͫ׶סǰ˵ָ⣬һĨѪɢԼΪ㣬ȡ޿ƣϻⶾһҹԼָβĥ
ͬһһϯС߲ɵţǵѪ顣
ֱҪ̾ϢƬһһը㽫ǸָУŲȥԸſ
౻䶯ˡ
ǣոôߵķӦȴǡӣԼָ⣬ְСָ
Ӳָеģɪһ£ֲָָֺ
𽥺оܲԾ
ߵôˣ
ôʲô̬鰡



6 Ƴء鶾ĺ֢ɡ
¹Ȼ̽ڰϣС
߶żһָʮŬؽԼȥ·ҵҪɡ
ϧָ˿ںСѪֻôΣ˲Ϣ֮㱻ϣһ˿Ѫζˡ
ȴǸָŲָ⣬÷ſ˫롣
㡭ôˣ
ఴסԼҵ˼һ
Ϊ߲شָ
ȴ˻Ƴɤʵɳƺ飺
ȡѪʲô
ס˰죬
ӦûУֻѪ
߲ֳ˻ͷʱϸС˿ڱ˱÷ףΧƤʪˡ
üָȻȥˮúϴϴȻȫߵĿˮһ£ɽˮ̶Ҳȫߵġˣ֮пȥɽˮԴ

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תͷȥŤţƤϣ˫ɢҲ֪˯˻ƣˡ
Σܾ⻭ʶϴδȪˮҲ״̬ѵǡ
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ŵص૵
鶾ĺ֢ɡ
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ϾȻϸСĦβָۡ
ջţ˵
ָѪ
ۡ
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Ǳū֪ʲô˻ˣ˵ҡź򲻺ңҷū
ࣺ
ˣôô໰Բˣ
ֱ׳
԰óһ㣬Ҫġ
㳡һƽ̹ʯͷѰŵط棬ְѴʯеĶһһóԱߡ
۾Ժй¯״ʹ͵ȡģԺӵƾս
ҪרעزϹϸڣ಻ǺһҲòࡣۼӣ¯˿
ҹ׼Կ⣬Ī˷ܸУеΣ·˾Ƶġ
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ֻһ̳վѵڵϣӴ󿪣ľҺһأԵؾ۳һС̲
һС̲м䣬һŤ̬ߣ
߰Լվ֮УҲЩδõ˿ڣڴںžơ࿴˷ˣβһ˦ҳˮѪ˫ңż۾š
ԺдͳɳơƢŮ
ūҹԡƳء



7 ūƱ
¸ɵİɫƣǰߵϸСڵֻ֣ܿһӨβͳţҡ
಻ɵ۾˰ΣһЦ
ԼȰɣôȾôȡ
߼ȻȾƣ£ʡöԷһһūߵҡ
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תͷԼĿҵϧûгֳߣòóԭ̭ĵ⡣
Щ֮ǰ߼ֱСãڶǳ֣гⱡֽƬӨ͸ž㡣
Թ⣬Ǳھİƺֹ˼䣬Ҳûϸ
гȤζţ廨⣬ͼȥǣ˼ϸ֦˴ֲڰļ⴮ڵСɫɰ
˲Ƭ飬һѿ̧ʹָһСػ磬¯·һָ΢ŵطһ
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βһǳƿߣһɫѸ뿪İȥˡ
ȥʰ⣬ȴʧ׼ͷòʰƬõζ˱ǣƽĵЧȳһƬò
ʱƿˣƺߵЩѣȥæȴΪƶʧ׼ͷһߵ

ߴ󺰴Уβ˿ҷɣƿƶ˵ø߸ߵģԼӶӰϼͷذѾƿӸݡ
һһ߶أݸˤǼ鼱֮˵СŰƿưȵķڵϡ
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ƬȾϼƤȶȣȻ˵
ڲ֪£ǲЩ
ࣺ

ƵؽԴսڰѸأıǼԽԽ
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Ŷ죬·ºȤȴڸǲסеŭ⡣
໹ûü⣬ǰ߱ȻȫȦסһȦһȦս
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æȥӣûãƣָҲ϶
㡭ſҡ
ѣ̿žѸԶȥ಻òܾ˵ȴԷӡ
߱岻ϲƣƣԲŷϢ˱Ƕ·ʧȥǡ
۽ǱƳᣬһƬģ졣
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ܿζݣСѵҲֵˡ
һɿסĿڣݺݿԣ
ȿȿȣ⡭ȿȣ
ϣûµأֻϰԶЩ֮ͨģ
԰Σ̧۵ά䣬۵ۣ
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ոջҪɱ֡᣿
߿ڴգת·ϸϸƷζκ󿪿ڣ
ᣬҵ顢ԺֻΪᣬ˷ѣ𣿡



8 ỹЩĺۼ
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9 Ͱ֮ⷴӦ
СƤ˿ڣ·𻨰Ѫɴϱ˺̲Ⱦ˵Ѫ졣
˵Ǿ仰㿪ʼͷѪŴ캬סƤǹڼѪۣѪӳ
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֣ζ֮ǰûŵôȻ֣ԽԽŨˡ񣬺ǴֵķϴģԽԽͷĿѣ巢ֱҪվˡ
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10 ֺ
죬վԺɫ죬ΨΧмļһ̹Ȼ
ճ֮׼ͻȻȫԤ֮ڡ
ɽԶΪ֤ģղҲҷġ
˽֪ʦ㼾ǳԼݣݿЦԴ˷ģŶ
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֪Ͽ˵һţΪ̫ڹΪһλڵʳһУйء
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ûûͶˣⱾ鱻ڲﶼһˣԭڲżȻһΣ÷Żȥ˼
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11 ͬӺ
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14 ԴûˡǻȥϢ
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15 ɵϵǵָÿһϸڡ
ףμʬɽѪ֮УֻһϸСߣۿЩпҰһһ飬Ѫ罦ʱðʵ壬ȺȺ
͵۾ȺԣȺϢ΢΢ӿǼ⣬ȴ𶥰Ѫζǡʳ
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16 
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20 ڻزǸϸָ
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ߺ﷢šĵ΢΢·ƷδʧõԸ˷һһ˿ȫ˶Ұ֧䡭




23 ʲô˼
ףѾ,ЩζˮҪ࡭ҪЩеԵļҧŲ,˺,קһһεش㡭Ե,ÿһƬÿһῪʼ,ֱԹеһС
ֱҵʹϮ,ף͵,ԴŤ,ŭϢ,ƫͷȥʹĲλ,˻˻Ŀֲ
ֻĳδõ˿ڱԵ,üƬƬѾ׽ҵ,Ѫл,һεһֻϸ
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ףӦŭ
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Է,غһ,۽Ǳͨ,ץ˿Ŭվֱӣ
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ףüͷԴ֮ǰ΢С鶼Ŵ,۾м¡һС⣬üӣֵؿڽƱ磺
ͬҳˡ
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ףԭ㶰ΣԴ뿪ȥŴϢ
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һ˵ʦһҲδʳ֮ڿĳλʦҪʳΪأ治
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ɻ󣬺ƿɢʦ䣬ͷǿ
׷Ũڷ£Ժһ˫֮УԶǸ䵭飬·һзŽ޹ء
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Ҫε˰
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Ųһ٣ĿϵɨȺλŮ
ŮŵòһŲ˵
̧Ŀ󣬵ݵǰ
˵𣿡
ֻ֮ϣȻ̾һ۰۵ĳߣϲȦͷβӣէһʮۡ
ţƽ쳹ܣ
ƻһѡ
̣
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ûа취ֻϣʱܰһ㡭

ߺݺһڲ࣬ѪܲĵطܵĦĹʸС
һ߽У²˷磬ô˵棬Ƥ£ȴҺ졣
ǻһ



24 αװӴⲻСʦ𡭡
ڴڴ,һΡȻ¥֮ϣ׭Źӵļ׹֡ħ硱,Ϊڴʼд,ɵĳġ
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һԺ˵Щ治Ļ,ڼ಻Ǹҵԭ,ЩҲܱס顣
Ҳû,صĴʦ㣬Ƥ£һֻﰵͨҪΪ뾡취,ʵ̫̼
ϸ룬һ;Լ̫,Ϊʦ㡣ֻﺹ乵,ʱ̶Ʋڵɽ,ƫƫףķԻڼ
Ҫ˵ǧҲûһ㳤Ҳ㡭ߡ
ಽ̬,ǰЩȫΪˣ׺ಽߡ
λҲǸյûãһ̸ʲô֣ǶοǹУȻýʲô¡
ųǰڱչأڴСܣҲ㡣
తÿλ˺ãн̬ס
Щʱտн
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ۡ³ϵǸĻˣû뵽Ҳ˲ţ治
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лڳָ㣬ˡ
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û˵㻹ʦ̹ô
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ף
ˣˣңȻң

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ѽѽǰÿﶼҪЩϹŰݱҸղŶ˯ˣôôİ
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ԪӤȻ׾ͳ΢΢򴽣û˵
һһ߱Ĭţһ·һ԰ڣߴдɷ֣ˮϡ
ŵ֮أȱɽķƳɣһ԰֣ʵﴦĲλһѡµĺϻȣ̤ȱῴʮвͬЧ
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·С԰֣ʱ̧תףЩֲ
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²
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ʫʦ㷢ȥףûյŴʦڳϣ̼ƻãҪſڶһλᣬʹʦһ档
ȰȣΰΣεˣԶԶһ۰׳ּۣӯǾĴʦ㣡·
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̫òʦˡʫһԼװԪسʦ֣
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治֪
ף
ϧѽϧҹȻǶģƻԼ~ѽ鲻Ǻܺã뻯ΣЩֲ̣һ飬ٰ԰Ҹϡãء
ࣺ
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ףƼβһһĴϵ̵Ҳ˵
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ҧأͷϵ۶ӡ
ʵ͸߾Ҫʲô
ΪʲôʱŴ󴲣ʲô˼



25 ͺůرס
,ɫ㣬԰쾰Сɣľ¶,˿˿ươ
վԭ,һԣֻĿ,˫ʯС۾
ȴ޷֪̽ġ
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Ϊʲô
ףһ,ú,˫΢΢ת,ʶɳŮ
㻹ûСʹùҵ
ѾŬ,ɴԵί,βµ,ֱ
΢,ôҲû뵽,һش,ġ
ë΢΢߿ԼȹڣԸ۶ӡ
ΧĪ컣Ϯ,
ʫúܽ뼾ֻżøߵʹĺ㣺
ʦ,ҪȥҸպҲҪȥ,ԡԺ𣿡
ûôʫĻ,ӶףǾϣûʱϸˡ
ֻſڣ
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á
Ӧһ,ж¼ʫȻڵ
ɣóȫ
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ãһȫ۴ʦ㣬ҪʦҹĿ࿴
ֳֻ˵ʣ߳˼Լʶ֮ڣףĻӦ
ףһֱ˵ֱʫ˵꣬Ƶ
ϣҹҲġ
æʣ
ʲôģҹҪʲô
ףߺЦ欣ȴô׷ʶٻش𣬽мϰ¡
ʫǰں̤ȣһ˲Ȼʡ
֮ж죬濴۵Ŀʽȣȴ˼һȣ涼ǼӲʯǽȫͷ
ʯǽ෿䣬ڲʹ󷨻ûĸӰǿս
һģһĻưľϣʾɫ֡硰ǧᱳ̩ɽѹҲƫ͵ġֱ硰桱һƬ𺣡ٱ硰ɻóȻøֶԻߡ
ߣһ·һ·ĬʫɫСĿڣ
ʦ㣬ȥļ
ɡ
Ųͣ٣ƿһŽȥһ̤ˮ֮С
Ϊȭȭԭֻǵе򵥣һξûٽˡַ·Ǽҵսȴȫǡ
ǰһƬ徰ֵգǼõ졣һλ帾ģŮһľ賯˵ţ
ѽϴϴ֣극ϻ̻ӱ߾ܿ
ףʣ
ţ
ش
ģŮ˲ṥ㣬Ҫɱɱ˾ܳȥˡҲ֪ǿʲôġ
ף
~޶ۡ
Ů˽ľںӱߣϴѣһк˽ݡ
ʫС˵
ʦ㡭û뵽Ըѡҡҡ
ƫͷɫ䵭Į
ôк
ʫһ˷ܣС˵
֮ǰû䣬˵λŮǴĿĸ׵ӰʮضԴǣǵ֮ģӶʧܡֻǾãʦһǼҳ
ҳ𣿼ƳһϵЩڵ롣
ףҲ˲
˵ʲôҳҲŲᡭˣɱ߰ɣһ䣬̫ˡ
ȴ֪ôɱˣ绹δɱˣ֪ǻӰҲܣǰ⸾Ůرǰ˾ı裬²ȥ֡
׼һʹɱɱ֣ԼһɱӦܽܣû뵽ôɡ
˵
Ҿ䣬ûôء
֪ģһ۱㵽ϡ
ŮԴ˾ԴԼĺһ㣬׼ڵļҳˣǷ첹ѣѷõѷϱȱȻȫ̲ɫ䣬һֱȰЦţϸ˵
ӵľϵƶ͵ƣŮ͵˵߶߶˵Щ˼ۡھ֮ļҳ̣Ҫ
Ů͵ҧһͷȻЦ
ʱѽСʱ򣬾Ͱ͵ƣָȥжϻ棬װʲôˡÿζԼ̵˵һޣǿɰ
ཀྵӲڴߣֶ֪Ķţʫһֱ͵͵ɫƺҲûйĴ㡣
ʶ֮УףһֱĬ˵
ôģӦʵԭɣ
ࣺ
ǵġȫǸʱʵ¼
Ҳ˵֪£һλڵĵλ帾һ߽ڴϣЩһһЦһһߡ
֣λӻɱ
Ŵλɱʱ飬ԼΪһںµִˣ޷룬֪ʲôޣҪɱһ޺֣
ף˵
ɱǲǳȥ
ͷֻһϯȫĺѶ֣ԭЩ־ᶨǵʿġ
⴫顱帾ϲ̧ͷ˺ͰЦţ
̻ˣߣǳȥ
ϣʫһ𾪣ȴҲȥʣ
ʦ㡭ʲôʱ֣
飬ֻܰڰ֣˵
ӱߣ̻ͷըΪѤ
Ǵ帾̧ͷЦſֻ̻ͷˣкǣ
ǴС̻ˣɣ
ꡱһ죬ЦݺȻ֮佩סʮѪһһЩ˿ӿ·𳤳ʮѪĺ
ף̲סһ
˭
ͷȥʦʫڲݽ˿ǻõЦȻʧȡ֮һİı顣
λĸ׵Ĵ帾˿ȻǵǻѪۣʵ
ΪΪʲôֻǡֻҪӡ
ѱɱͨһ˵УԭͣһֻƤľ޴ܡ
ͬʱչһдֵľᣬ˴˵Ĺ¡
ȻǼǰһλڵڷʱ顣һֻܳɾ̾ĳʮ꣬ͨһӡ
ܱԢӣִǺӣÿһλߵСˣᱻԼĺչ˽
߶ĺǣֻţԼСϤչˣá
ǣǺӵļҪӣֻܱᷢˣ˵ֻԼԺãǺĸסܲˣȥɱȴɢأ˹ˡ
ѳΪΪȭȭ֮ģ㲻׷µ
ǡ࿴ļ¼ܾܣѵɱûиõİ취ѵΪһ¶ԺúõչЩû˵ĺ𣿴򵥴ֱֻǴɱɱνʿػµķʽ𣿻˵
һֻΪ
Ϊû˿ĸܣֻԸ򵥴ֱɱ±̫ƽɾûҲδ̫ƽ
ؿеľᣬһԡ
ȴЩʶУҲ֪˶٣ֻףͳĻӦ
ǰΪ಻˵࣬ı졣ģʲôʱͬ
֮¶һȻưľţǾǳȥ·ʫõһ޶
ʦ㣬Գȥˡ
תͷܾԼ·ǵһʶλʦãԲԲһԪģɱǴ帾ʱͣ٣ޱ飬·𿳹вˡ
ԼʫգգۣСѯʣ
ʦ㣬ô˰ʲô𣿡
ɬ
͡һҪɱô
ʫ
ǰⲻⷨ𡭡ңΪʦһֱ֣Ϊ˿ҵģ˽ϰõķʽʦ㣬𣿡
ֻǰŹ棬ģҵĽⷨѡ˭ˣ
ǷȻţ뿪
صȣǰٽֻ뿴ʵ⣬Ҳʫѯʡ
ͷߣʶףĻ
㻹ô
˵Լãȴһˣ
áģ¡
ף΢ĬһԴδй
Ұɡ
䣬໹ûüܾܵһů⣬󴦵λ˳žһ·תϣůһֱϵǻλһִĸо
ͺůرסʵȶůǰһŵš
һӣвõĸܶʧֻкӵů飬Сӵݣǹһˡ
ںڰУû⣬ȴһöСС̫ůڱڻ
ֻֻܸоģһ׵̫
ഽǶǿҵ£۳һȴ޷ֻ͵һ䣺
лл
ףƺҲãɳ欣
лҰ㣬ҿĳ⣬ô



26 βȹ
㡭˵
һС˵ҧŴ,˵úСǱʫˡ
ʦ㣬˵ʲô
ʫʡ
˵,ԺҪ˼,ѰұĽ;ǲ׵رɱ¾
ת,ȫָʦģ,ؽҲ֪Էȥ,Լġ
ԭǡ𡭡ʦôͻȻô˵ǰ㲻Ҳɱ˺ܶ𣿡
ʫʡ
ǰǰɱ֮ǲкĶ,Ӧá
һ㵹Ǻȷ,ԭȷʵɱ,Ϊܸ,񶼺Ҫ,ɱҲ׼֮,Ҳսˡ
Ǹĸһͨ,ʸ,ԭǰ
иʽĻɫش
֪ΪΣůĸоţµ
Ǵףɵģֻ뿪,ף˵飬ҡҲԸף
ʣ
ղǼ,ŵĵ͵,ٽһɣ
ףν
а,һѴġ
תʫ˵ˣֻߣһؿľűʶ
ֱ,ͣһȡǿݡǰ裬ƿš
ʦСģ
һţû״оļХĶĤ
һǰȻһˮǽʫﵲǽ
ǹɾŹ֮ݺײˮǽûˮǽķѣ¶ߵݡ
΢΢һ㶣Щƺǡꣿ
⻹ͷһμе𺳣ִеĿ־УӰ첻
࣬󷿼䣬͸ĲڿкХɹ֧İ׹ǡ
ƴղİ׹ҡҡλĹǽڳץƵĹϷ̶ļХצǵš
ʫﳤѸٳʣ𽣻ɱ׹ǣʱʱų׹ǶԿʹɽָ£ǳ䡱һȼ棬Ⱥɱ
࿴ĳʣһӦû˧ɣ֪ףûС
ףһЦ˳
ۡ˿ˣǺÿĴЩ
ɫ΢΢Ť㲻ãԼһͷпܱԷȥеΡԼĳգʼȫȫɱС
׹ǺɭļХȫʹԭµսܲϳɱĻЧִᰧһʧ׹Ҳ˱ᣬϺͻڵʧ
̧ʣ۰׳ȹͼΨһˡ
壬ûе˸ҽӽĳҫ۵ĽƬһɨ⣬¶Ÿɾ嵭ޱ
ʫ·̧ͷһĻֱҪĴʦˣɵ÷ȫɱС
֣ĳ߿ʶдЦ
кÿˣ
ɱһңֻţٶȻڿ죬ȴҲЩǡ
һʼĳʧЩɱĶ붼ˣôôࡣ
ؼէһۿȥЩİ׹Ǻ͹ôһû٣ɱǰһţֲһţ飬ý˷ġ
ҧأ̲סԹ
ôһģǾ²ɱɱ꣡
ԭ֪һλħޣڱٿһУڵ̫࣬ȫߣѰħ޵ټȥսˡ
ʫҲɱüʹ漱̧ͷԼ˵
ʦ㣬ûҵǸħ𣿡
ﱻɱȻܻܿһ㾳硣˵һλܣÿһ㾳綼òȥģҪԼҵϵˣҲ̫ˣ
벻ӣԮԼϣ
ʲô𣿡
ףһЦ
Ӵǵ¸ءǿСʦúתĴʦ㣬ҲСһ죿~
첻ˣôˣ²ҪĻôܸý飬ǵԼ취
ҲѣҲǼŵһսӲԭʵֻܿɾͷѵ
ͷʫһߴ
ָ׼
ڵһ׷ʹ֮󣬻ὫǰΧĵȫ紵ǿӵԼԶĵطϢ֮޷תֻһζǰ󷽱ɿţܹ
ʫ޳ɵصͷӦȻпʼŻת׼
֮ϣʼħڷλָӣл泤ȦΪʹ׹Խӽ
κ֮һ˿ڶϽǷǳʵĲ׹֮£
Ȼۣͺһ
Ǻӣȥ
˲Ϣ֮ûΪ콣꣬ÿ궼̵Ļ棬˵ǺӸ̫׹ɽУ

ĺ֮ʫþȫʹеļҲһͬʩ˳˸ҵķȻըһʱ죡
׹޷ֿХű紵ɢǰ׹ɽУһӰ֣Ҳ
ɳƿ׹ɽ¶棬קΪĽ*󹥻ʹħΣռ֣ʹ޷䡣
˼ƻģҲȷʵ룬һ۵ħޱ˦ʱŻĳħ޶ȥȫݺħ壡
ȷѪ֮ĸоħӦþǱǿܣͬһʱ䰧У֤Ĳߡ
ɹˣ
Ͼһսûʲô飬ʱûͷֻȸԾػһ
ɵū
ʶȴһ͵͵̾Ϣ
Ȼһ·ʲô룬һȦƤӴĿİӯС
ͬʱٿȻָоˡ
ܣʲô󣬷͵͵ġΪϤ̾Ϣ
ū
󱳱ʲôס໬·Ѱͬ
ϸĳۣ˫֮´֫Ȧס޹ǣȴֽʮ㡣
ͷеؿȥǡ
һ˫֡
һƳ׷ָ࣬͸ϸβ
ѹСϣüֱľ˽ѹƣšššճǾ塣
Хķ޶Ҫū·ʶתصݡ
һˡ
޷ͷ
ʦ㣡
˺ѷεؽг·𿴵µ飬һһ½ֱ
ǡ
Цһ˿˿Ĥ·ǴģӶǿʼֵǰɶ
˼Ϊӣң֪ʫΪμУħɱˣǱԼЩʲô
Ҽ·΢ġ͡з·һ죬ͺʲôȴ͸Ѫ⣬ٲϽĻмΪ̡
ϤġɳƵŮǻһ˿һû뿪廹ѹĺϣ·޷϶ĳȹʲôβȹ䡣
⣿
ŮҲ֪ڳǰˣڳħ
޷̫·ǹ
ΧĹ͹ͷһ˲ʧȥףȫɣҵİ֮ƬƬʧǱĲˡ
øɸɾ෨ĸڿҪ΢΢Ťͷ뿴ˡ
˫Сȴֽһ£һֻһ˳ĲูϣỬŲูزࡢ磬һ·ò᲻صв䡢ֱ
Ұ׵ָſǶľͷιס
һװжܼļƬ֯ȴôȥ
Լھеж
Դ޷ת֣ȫûסĵطԶ
ſڣͷںڣȴȫǱס๵
ʦ㡭˭
ʫ·Էǳɻ
΢΢Ůȴ§øֻ͵Ц
ҪĴۣ㻹û˵
ʲôۡ෢ηͣ𲻾֮ǰ٬Ҫĳŵ
ҽܸʦãң޼䡣
ڣڱ鲼Ű׹кĺڰЮڰգʧʦϣҪ޹ʦ˵ֻ
ʵǡ߳ܵҧأ졣



27 ԭܻ
һֱž,û˹ޣš
еļ౻ν޷תϵʫȴֳ,ϰ,฽ҪὣǹŮƴɱ
Ůΰ͸,·һ޷ʵ,ȴǿķ,ֻɨʫ,һǿߵѹ,ʫ,ղס
ֻòʣ
ʦ㣡㻹𣿡
ǸŮ˺ͼγ,ڰж,Ůֻһ۱ջ,żĺ󾱺Ͳ
Ǹ,ʫ￴,˵ڿ˵ǡ͡
Ů˰͸뼾ಱһİ֮ζָ⻹òԷ°봽ǡ
뿴,ÿʫľѣֵܳΪô̼
ǹὣ,ʦֻǱ,ҪӢأ
ʦ,ˣ
ųһȣŮϴȥ
ȵȣ
볤ॡһ𣬽ײ,ײһڣʧȥ׹ڵϡ
ǰ͸Ůûչκνǻܣ
ʫд˿־壬Ľ
𹥻ǡҵ飡
վ˿ڡ

źߣ
һʫģһףģƵĲ˼С
ԣ˭û뵽˵ôһ
Ǽ˼ǺķӦã裬Ǻü϶飬ֻҪƷ׸ͨԵȻп飬رϡ棬ںע⡣
ңĻЩͶ˵ˡ
ɤӣŵֻ֣Ϊ𾪶΢΢ɿЩ˵˳ˣ
ġ飬ҽڼ䣬ңÿͬͬסͬǵĹϵѾ޼䡣
ûûˣʿ޼ⲻǺǱȥˣ
Լһǳ⣬ԼԼ˵ͷ
͡һ
ϴףεЦЦ˵ԷûôһӦǺϸˡ
ಱԻתͷȥף
֮ǰȻʧȥ̣ϵĴʧǳҲһͬʧڿĺüȥ
˳ĸоӻصϣһ𻯳֮ǰӣ·ոһֱû뿪ż󱳵һ㡣
ͷӿһʧ¶ʶ
ԭܻΣΪʲôҿ
ɳϤŮȴֻطЦ
飿Ȼҿɲ
飿ôᡭ˰
ͬʱʫﻹ߶Ů˲ˣ𾪵۾
ᣬȷҵ飬ղžɱħްɣ㿴𣿡
ԼûϣСʦá
ˣû̫ʦȷʵħͱѣħ޻ûкУĺ󱳹ȥָˡʦ㣬鶼ôб𣿡
ʫ￴صħƬһĻ¡ħûѪǺڳཬƵĶǽϵϵЩɫʣģû˲пɱзʽ
࿴˿ϸֲĶƷŽڶɵóĬˡ
ϵβڣѪܴβץӣߵͳЦ⣺
ҵɵūӴССħ޶򲻹ǵÿҰæϧ~
𵴣æﷴ
˭˵Ҵ򲻹ģֻҪӦʱ䣡мƻзôܴ򲻹˵ʼʱҲû˵Ҫæ
ףֻЦ
Ҳû뵽ν׾ˡ۸~
лİʾ뵽һصʵ
󱬵ħޣ㡭Ժϴ𣿡
ף

࿴һܾ׵Ƭ֮£֪Ͳź࣬һʱ伱ٿڣ
ȥϴϴ
ʫһ㶣Ѿʦָʾȥ
ף
Ȼң
Լչһ·ڲȥŪе䣬üŤЦֲЦ
о޴ľչƳһۣдԴĳλǰħץħ޵ᦣ֮ɳ׽ôħޣɱħ֮ΪʾˣŶλħ޵뷨ģ⣬
ԣÿһ־Ĺ꣬ÿһ֧İ׹ǣһʻһ룬Ҳÿ־ˡ
һ뿪߳ȣݷï԰֮У˴ţתʫȴʫˣԼϵ
ʦ㡭顭ǰ㡭޼𣿡
ࣺ
ǡˡҺ飬ϸܡ
ʫӦ˵Ҫˣ
ֻǣֻǾãʦҪǡţ֮˵ĻԣֱӸҵģһԼصʦõλϡ
쿴ʫԷкᣬʮ顣
Σŵʣ
ѵ㡭֮ǰң˼֣ΥŹ˼
ʵŹжڵ֮֮²ֹֻҪʿɡ֮ӰȣǷĿɳ𣬲ΥŹ档
ִļಢ˽ЩΪʫԼֻŮ¶ֶżĳݺģ¶ѡ
ʫ
һֱʦ㡭Ϊʦ㲻κˣŴûи׹ǽ죬졭ʦȻȻ޼䡭ԭʦҲԽܺͱܣŮˡذ
˵ޣһĨһˣ˵
ʦ㣬ףǡҸԺҲٴš
û˵꣬վϷɽѸ뿪ˡ
ֻվԭأǽĲм𺳡
ԭʫȻİԭ
ѡ޼䡱˼
ǣʦܲȱߣûһ𰡣
ŶûôҪѽ
ʶдֳŪŮ·ͷһ衭ˮݺ
ȷʵȷʵλйͦࡰ޼䡱Ϊġ
Ҳ˼˵֮ǰҲ˵ˣҪһǼ£ôˣ
е
˵Ǿ仰͵ʲôûⲻԼõ𣿡
ףֹ⣺
ѽʹˣܳ˵ƫǵҴӦʲôֻǵڴҵ𽵹ﲻ֪Ϊ
༱ȥͣ
죡ᣡ
ֻͣнʸУȫ󲻶ף߻ʶЦ˵Щ绰
һζýأ˵޼䣬˵Լͣ˷֬˿
Ŷ䣬ݺݼУ
Ҫ˵˰
ңҪػ
*
߳԰֣ɫ·΢΢ҡΡ
ʦǡ·˵ǵʣ
ʦѰ𣿿
ڰ֣ش
£մǿݵ
ʦͬʱ˭֪ǿݵ鶼ӵתΪ壬Ŀͼ౳ӰԶֹ˵ʲôʱȥһǿݣʦķɡ
վϷɽʶĳλԻֻһζƼǰȥ
ʶλյϷζɳƵʣ
ūȥĶ
Ӳʯ
С⡣
ף
ôȥ⣬أ
ࣺ
ȥԼȥ
ף
Ӵ˰
಻ףЦֵ
סܡޡɵūȻҶӰɫôŶ
ף˵ҲĬ·˯ˣβزСۣԴ͹Ĺǽϡ
Ʋƣʲô壬ʱ񡣼һſգڵУĺ󱳣ס壬ӡĲûɵػȣڸġ
ʫſǻ˵Ǿ䡰ԭԽܺŮˡ
ڷ֮ǰԼ֪
ߣѾȥôˣҪͣô˲سŵ
ŵ뵽ԼӦףҪͶԷһ˯Ը룬Ҫ
һɽͷϣǰй㳡һ˰¥顰ޱǹеӷͽ׷ҩƷõС⣬ӵʱɽСȨ
ʦ㣬ôǰŸңҺΪ⡣
ڲޱֵһλʦܣʮֺܹذ＾򿪿ⷿţҲȨŽȥֻ˵
ʦҪʱұǡ
߻谵ĿԣȥҩƷ˺üҩҩЩżصҩֵҩҽʦðץ˼ҩ
ҽʦץҩʱ죬ʦֹྡܿԷĿ⣬Ҳ֪ڸ˭ͣ
Ϊ裬رá
ʦҲûʣѼҩ͵ϣžͷɿˣֻʦڱ˵һ䣺
ʦ㡭Ҫע尡
ף̲ס
ʲôҩС￴ôŹ֣
ࣺ
ҩйء
ףĬΣȻе
Ŷ֮ҩԹ񣬷·ڿyinƵģ
ࣺ

ףǺЦ޾欣
Ҳڴҹ~Сūģҹұض㾡˶ߣȹһַҹ~
ࣺ

˵໰޻˵Ĭǽҩ



28 Сľϲ
ҩ,ߵһǰأֲòԷ
ǵʯ뷨ⷿ,Ҫȥ𣿡
ף
ҪҸպҪһЩϡ
ûʲô,ÿǶԿѪãƿṳ̋ʯ
ʯһ㶼ڰ,һȥֱû,ʽʯűలڼ,ЩصĻСװ,ʯﶼ̺еĹ⻪,ͷ,ʮ
һ·߹ȥ,Ҳ۸,֮ǰԭеҲиʯ,ȫûʵ￴ôԡ
ףһ춾
Ϊжٺñ,Ҳ̫,һղصءʲôȻղƷʯֶ˽֮⻹ʲôðᡣ
಻
˭ҪˣЩǸͨӷַķı,΢߽׵Ʒ
ף
û𣿡
ͷһҪ죺
ôŴ⣿ΪʲôĪСĿģ
һ,ֻĵһءףΪͱ,,ġô
Ըķ룬ףһѣҴ⡣
Ѿ˵˴,Ͳð˳Ҳڴϣףϡ
ڰ֮Уָʯڷ⣬ףһ˫ӳյıʯ˫۾̶ͬκι
ʶ֮УߵĵͳŮƺ΢΢̾Ϣ漴Ŵ
ǡ
·ش£֮䲣һóѺۣһ֮䣬ûվȣ̧ץסԵļӣȴס
Լʶ
˵ʲô
˵ȷʵбĿġ
ԡͳɳдƽֻ˿ȴü෢ۡ
ʲôĿģ
ܸ㡣ȷʵûԤϵ㡣
Ϊʲô
Բ𣬵ǣ治ͽ
ҲĿģ
ûУҶ˵ˣȫ⣬Ҳǡľϲ
𡣡
Ĭ˭Ҳû˵
ھó棬Ժⶼţ·ȫֻʣԼһ
żվĿһְ̧סǻһۿϵ
üͷһӦ뽫ժӵ侲ǳ嶯ˣԶ˼УҲˡ
ǰڣ˭ǴĿȥµأһ߷ҪðһţûĿĲְɡ
Ҳ֪ԼӴ˶и񣬿ףҲû¶͸ףʲôˣѶ㲻ϣƾʲô֪أ
ԷǼǧеԼֻһ֪ô˵ɵӰɡ
಻й¶ԼӲؽתϣתƻ⣺
Ҫʲôڿѡˡ
ףĬһᣬ
Ҹ˵ĶģֻԸ̹ϸ֪£㲻ҪҪ˶
˵棬ÿʶͣһ£ƺ˼δǣȴ侲ϣ
û£ģҲģҶǳˣܶ鲻˵ܶ
ܶʵģˣλҪʵףԷҲڸԼʵĻҲͬķʽԴԷ
أ⣬ºͰݣƴڻԽ硣
ʣ̽Ҫ󣬲룬ͬһ·Ĭƽ߾ͺá
˭ҲûҪΪԷġĿġЩΪԷĸǶģѹ²Ŷԡ
ףͳתŵԵζ
࡭Щ¡
ȴӻתִӼӶһźƯıʯ
ϲôϲҾߡ
ͷнˮǰ͸ģ̺ŵɫˮĹ⣬ˮвϻת˱ܽ侲
͸侲ġ
šϲô
ף
ϲ֪ģˮ˫׽
ʮƽ
ǺãҪˡн׻ʯҲҪһ
ף˵
֮飬ఴףҪ˼ʯֹ֮˹䷨
ףûٶżͼ䣬ͽ׷ʵûʲôÿģԼ֮Ĭ
żʯ߳С⣬Ҫ̤Ȼһͣ
ţշٽ
ҳϵ
༦ƤҪˣôʱ򡭡ӦҳÿһѲСӣôͱˡ
֮ǰڻ᳡ҳϼƺûʲôԼҪͻȻڿ֮Уѱɡ
Ҫǲȥ汻ڳ֪ܣ
ǵóȥд
Щǧ𱻷֡
ףɻ
ô
ഽ
鷨
ûΪˡ桱ķֱܹ֪̽Ϊ͵˵˼ƳһαװųΪɳϵģû˱ʺλˡ
δͨʹķϴڳɽѶԼģļأѱ᲻С
ףҲ
һᾡ
̤ҳϵʱ΢΢ȣ
ڳϺã֪ʧԶӭ
ҲЩȣץסؼ
ôҼǵǰﰡȱ˲ϣҩƷ
ࣺ
֮ǰʶ֪鵤ҩáһӳþ֮ʣ˽˲ٵҩʯ֪ʶ裬˴ȡһЩҩʯڳ졣
ӥɨͷ
ҲȷȻҪʯǵҩЩµýʦӦҲ߹㡣
๧ص
ǣ֪ЩҩҲֻΪоʹã᳤ڷá
ң
ʲôҩҡʦûгأҲշҰŵ
ȷУòְ涼ǡǡ
ǰһ裬ֻŷ˵ˣȫû뵽Էӵҩ֣Ҫ
ֽװͶ졣
ԵŮʶʱ̣ȻͽЩġ
һ˲ףʲôˣΣգǴ˿Ψһõķ
ͷҵ
ø
ֽԼ֮УͶĶ⵹Ҳ֣װж¶ܶණ˳ַŽ֮ڣûдָʦһ㶼ôɡ
ڣָϣܿأһֽƬó
ֽƬɫ㣬ڳɽϾʹõĽ˿ֽдżҩ֣ǺѰҩƷƷشƷ֮࣬ÿֶɷ߰ģ·
ֽݸң
뿴ȷʵֻоʹá
ұֻƳһۣȴֶſ˰Σüͻͻʱȴһ´ǣ
֡ǰûעԭͽдȻ㡭
ǹŶ˶٣ƺҸίݴʣû
󡣡
ףըˣ
ʲô˵ʲôô˵дֳҵˣǽƮݳһ񡢷Ρֺ᲻˵Ůˣᣡ֮˶ᣡ
ûסǳ鴤£ֵ
𡣵պһѧ
ҽֽ࣬˼رת뿪ˣһƺˡ
һǰλе̽ͷ̽ԣ
ʦ㣬˵鷨ڵм䶼ӲͨţӦòɣܸܲҿ
͵ֽ¶λһͰеɫ䵭
Լ£ǽ۴£ʣ
еԴӦ
ǣ֪ˣʦçײҲˡ
ƮƮ߳С⣬سɴ磬һ̤㳡ɽ뿪
ǵģȻ˵ҵֳûƷ鷨ϣޣֻѵû˵Щ
ףһֱʶ·ǳⱻ˵ֳ¡
಻ףԴը
˵ҵֵ׳󲻳Ҳˣڹؼʱ̰αҩ㲻˵ҳ󣡿˵˵
ȷʵģ̿Ц
ְһй⡣
ԶԭʼڵһǸ˼Խй⡣
ף
~⻹࣬Ҿ֪㶮ңҺ⡣
ࣺ
ۡͺá
Ե*ʱú尡
˵£ҪлԷģ
ղллҵæ㷴Ӧܿ죬Ҳܺãֽڳ϶û
ףø⣬СС첲չβ䣬·СҪ
㣬Ұ

㡭Σҡ
أ
ǻۡ
~
֪ʶԨ龫֣Ī⡭
~
⣬ɣ˼ϲ⣬̱࣬Ρ
šţǡ
쵽ɽˣһ˯᷿
һףȫ˻ȥ
ףее㲻ˣ˵ֻü񶾣ҧһڼ󣬶ݺݵ
Ϊûûңܵġ



29 Ժÿϣͬ
ҹĻ,ԱȰֺһ죬ɽԵΪס
߽緶ΧϵȲе,һؾͻΪӴİ߱,̧Դ쳤βͣ·ѵþ,չ˶
Щ棺
˵ı,ı徿ж󰡣
ףԼͷԴս,Ц
ôʳûӪ⡭ÿһƤ,䳤,ѾʮƤ,,ҴӳƤ,Լһ,ұ徿ж󣿡
ɫ,Ȼѧһ,Ҳף3ףҲ30*3+3=93ˡ
Ժл̫𺳣Ƥ,оԼҪ־֢
ӽ100ףͷβô򳵹ȥУ
,һֱƤһֱ,ȫûнƣ㻹˵ÿƤ㶼Ҫ,ԽԽҲԽԽû˰
ĵǡ
Ҳһֱ󡭡һʱڣҪ
ӵ,ȵʱھͻ̶һˡ˵öԣƤĵطȷʵҪúңܷŵұɽ̫ࡣ
ףþ޴˵ʱζ·¡졣ԼӼʶг˳ĺܶ¡
ͷ
⻹ࡣ
ȻҪɺ׵ôˣֱӰ̵ףܼɽ绥ˡ
ףʱشʵβ᷿ͷ䵹Ū
ȥ᷿ԼĶ̵㣬᷿һʣ
أ
ף
ûʰһ£ء
ҡӦúŻȥҪ
ʲôģ첻Ѿ𣡡
ԲŸҪ̻
ҡ
᷿޴죬ףֱڲӣܲˬ
᷿ڣ̵ջõĵҩǣƹֱÿһֵҩЧ״ֺ̬Ⱥ˳Ҫ
ܿ죬ҩսָ᷿߳ȴ
УȷʵĹ󣬵ÿ̱ԪңԽԽһЩȥŴ󴲡ûȰ
ɽⷽλģҹɫҲã¹ˮľ֮䣬ĴֻϸϸĿ֮£ܾܿʶ۲תĹ켣
ʽļಢδ֣ף֪ʱԣ޴Դβתȥ
ף΢Ȼһ£·ҪβͽȦƵģ嶼ƵֻԴ;ǰ
׳սսƬŹ⻪һһȦȦƣֱŮȫȦ巶Χ֮ڡ
׼ˣ㽫ڼϣĶ
һһ£ϸ̵ܵͷϸ۵ĶϽơ
ʶеļȻʶƷ˵شʶȻ۾

ǰһȦһȦһһѩƬɫ沨ԣ޶Σգȴˡ
Դ̬Ȧڲ֮УĿΧһȦһߣֱƬɵ֮ݣڻսǻıݣ
Ϊһͦߵˣ⧲һĻһӦŻ
ϧʲôûԣҲֻ³絽Щ֮ϣ·ϴø
ףҪʲô
ѹŻ³嶯һ̧ͷ㿴ףĴԴȦȦϿһһʲôϷƵġ
ֻǹ˯ѡ̫ԣȻûҵĴڡ
һɤףɤӣ˴³˵Ум̲סŤ
ָһǽ
˵׼ҳԵ𣬻У˾ͽˣΪʲôҶ䣿
ڻһ˿߿ˮĺۼأöĵġ
ϲ˵ˣ̫Ͷ룬ҪǺŵˣ߻ħôã
Ͳ߻ħˣ
Ǻðɣ´ξͷˡ
ǽ㻻ط˼ǲңκεطУ
ŶĲϲôǵá
죡˵Ҳȥ˯ˣҾɼȥ
ʲôܺóԣҳԡ
˵ȷҡ
Ҫ
ΪʲôҪ
ףӴԴȻһ´յǰ۾ֻвʮ׵ľ롣
һ̫ͻȻ౾㣬ȴײǽϣˡһ졣
˻˻㣬ͷ𣿡
ף²ۣײ䶯ûҪɢ˼
۵ǷſҰ
ˣôȥһˣԽˣ
ͨ˫ס۾ͳɳƣĳ˵ĵ
㡭ֹԺÿϣͬߣԸ⣿
Ѫɫ˫˸ΧɫͫУװļ࣬ȴΪ̫ȫߵı顣
־ˣΪʲôҪҪһ߶ѵôҪԼͬߡ
շǷǣСףǾ䡰ĿġѪɫҲƽࣺ
Ը⣬ûҪ
ףһⱻܾͻȻӣһ¼ıǼ⣬˲ռ˱ˡ
߶˿üڼ෢֮ǰԴѸ˻أڿеţ˻˻
࣬˯ˣˣ²Ǹ𡭡ѽҹѽ
쳹Χͬʱкüȣȫλ뼾УֱȰʶ˵Ҫڡ
⻷»йˣ̾һϵƬ죺
ÿ
߱βͿʼһȦһȦ˿ȥԾɵĳǽһߣֻʣһԴڴؿ
ʶվɫʧףʲôû˵᷿
̧ͦͷ̤ߣֻԼ߳˿̬ӢɱеǣϧףǸŴߣԼľܾ
һŴ󴲾Ȼ˸ӡ
ŴɫᣡɫͰɫͷҹ֪ΪΣȫ˽ɫһ׽̻ԻͣϻɫƣͷҲɢŽɫâ
ףͷһֱΧ룬һ㶼ԸŹıϸڣ˿̱ʣ
ôÿɣ
ࣺ

²ֻۣת뿪ʲôʵ۵𣡺۾˵ǲӦðԼϴɾٹŴϣ
ǣ
ףǳ鴤һ仰˵ŴۣѰ˼ضϲģôᶢſôãֻԼַʿЩëϲĶԸֱ׿ްˣôףΪһĴߣȻԷصġ
󽲽
ǲοʵ۵Է񣬺Ŭűģϸڿ˾Ч˵ڷ䣬ûܾܾһŴŴɽҲͬ޷ܾɣ
ࣺ
㡭ҡ
ףЦǺǣβһ˦ϽӲӵıƿ
Ҿ֪ϲˣūϴ~
ʱʱɧˣǸֲĳƺᱻε֣Ҳֻޱش򿪴ָ
ת˲䣬ϱ˺üСƿͷǽҩõĵҩ
Щҩףһ̲סϲЦտչ᣺
ūǿܵЩ֮ҩ϶Ҫǰ²š
ף죬˼ŵҩȥף˵סž˼²̽ȥ
̽ȥˣ¶һ˿ã˵
Ϣ˺ܴҩϢЩҩ
ףɻ
ʲô
ഽǹЦֻհ˱ӴȥСè
Ƕ֮ҩŶ
ף

µü



30 ҩʼأ
²,ߵ̫ǿ˿ЩҩѾ֫ٺһ޿ȥƽ֮С
ףż,üȥ,޻ڸ֮⡣
ףſѪڣͬɽҷ磺
㡭ģ
ࣺ
ǰ
ף֪ʼŭ,βЩ̧,·һҪ˷Ϊƽأ
ıѾ,ʧȥ,Ҳܽ|𣿡
˼״
ǵ,Щҩֻ鶾֢,ӦûʲôӰ졣
ף⻰,βͷ,Ҳƽͺࣺܶ
ûӰ찡,㲻˵֢ѡ
ࣺ
Ҳȫȷ,Ͼͬʱ˺üҩЧҵҩ,֪ܲܵס
ף
ˣ·ϣң
ࣺ
ǰҪң
ף

βĴ,ʯüѷ죬վûа취,ֻĹĵ˵
ôҳҩ,㲻ҩ𣿡
ࣺ
,Ҳԡ
ԼļŵҩУֶһյȥζܲ,ܺá
ã踺رһ죬һ⧲Ͷҩߣ̫ˣڿƵıˣˬ
ҩҲˣһһڽɫǰ
ף˵ģ
ǻ˯˯
ܺãֱ򴲱ߣ
˯պüһҩЧ
ϴ£˫ֵڸ泩ƣۣһжոպãʺ˯þ
Ҫ۾ͼһ׳βʹӿ£β˴ֱƿ֣׼½֮ڡ
ʲôǳҩ𣿡
סȥ£ߡ
ղ˵ҪҩЧⲻô
ףƶɭɭش϶¿ż࣬Դ߹ڴͷŻڲͣ¡
ǹƵĺ⣬ֲֿһƬƶѰֱĸо
ȻֲֿЧڴץס·ʮ־裺
Ҫʲô
ף󴲣ܿ࣬ڼ߷´ԴҲת򣬺ɫͫڰƹ￴
ҽһΣ˵Ч
ʲô
ôֱ˵ˡȻһ̱ȿֲӰ·ʲôѹȻһֻץס½һֺֻݺץ
֮ǰ˵ͬߣԴԼԱ˼ԼףֻԼ˯һ𣬾˯һŴ˵Ļ
ߵԼˣΪףֻԼһθ
֮һֱһĤӰӰ´µģ˭ҲԷ뷨ӦʱҲȥ̫࣬ԵԼḡ˵
ڡôֱ˵˴׵Ĵ
Լ飬鶾Ӱ죬Ǻ֢ҲκαԭԼ¡
һʼȷġ˯ǼܴӦ
򵥵һ仰֮ǲ߲˺£зκˣξȻ˵һ仰ֻ֮ؿߡ
ףȴܣǰع⻬ƶѩ׵Ƭͷ⣬ɫڻ谵зһЩ⣬ȫƬȥƬԵý貣·һѶ۵Ľֽ
ЩֽһƬƬػǰֱǿͷڽ㱶ռеҰ
ʼأ֡ҲϣģҺҶԵ
Դת֣ʳָȦתع
ڲ·գҪܾɤȴ
С
ȫû뵽ףֱӣҲȫ벻ӦԷʽһ˵̫ˣ
ȼĳЩطбѩ⣬ˮ𽻼ӣּ尾ߵԴѾʹϢ֮ϡ
ٲֹĻᡭ
ЩҩϿЧȴܲȴֻһ˫̧ͼԴȴȫ۵
㡭߿
ԵҩЧˣƺЧ̫ͣжӴǽڶ顭ֱƣ֪ʱȴ˸
֣ԴƬȥߵıǼ⡢ǣбļݡ
ߡ
ߵƹף͵͵ıϢĺȾҲȾƬ壬ֲĴ׳˿ȴһ㣬˼ϡ
ӴͷڼϣĲƫϸ·סĴн˻
ߵĸ֪ʱѾСһ߱һȹ̣¶ѸٽڣѸٱѷֱ˴ˡ
Ұ㡭
ߵѾúɳƣͳ紼ƣȣСһץ˵ġ
ǹϤ㲻ƣɳƵߣͱǶ˿ʼ޿԰Ρ
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һĻףУǼµ
ĳȫɢɢͷΧһƬɫ֮ݱµĺڷڷ֮ԭʱȴۺӡ
´ӵ䣬¶ɫб£ĵһܵĺһһ죬貶Ŀ߸롭
͸Բɽ粢дǶ䲻ս󲿷߶òϲ̶زֻмԼǰ˶£档
ţʲô
ףƺȻ˶˺ģ޴ͷʹȥϸš
Ҫ
̧߳ȥȫƲ
Դǰ½½̽ȫķԣһ˼̽С
˻˻
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Ҫ
˫סһ˿ǻ·ȫڴϣϽһһ㼦Ƥ
ţ
ףڰͣ٣̧ͷ˫ȻɳƵʣ
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ʶţ׼ǼᣬƷһƷܾȵӣ
Ȼǿġ
̧ۣͫױɼĺɫͫʮֲ
ĵҩЧΪʲôζˣ
û˵Ҳ֪оҩƺûЧƺЧͷǳңҰŰ߻һ仰˵
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ףȴʧ£˿˵
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ϸţȴĻ
·콵ˮڱҰϣ֮£ף˿ɳƣȴٴŹӣ
ôң
˵˾˵ȴǣ
ǡ
ȷܲԸصޣѺͽںʹࡣ
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⻰ȴ˿Ρߵĺںڰǰԡ
ʰ·ѴϣŲص˫ȥЬֻ뿪
˴վȣҪ˵ڵأֻץסߣŴŲӡ
߳ȥһƷϮ

Ȼʲôϣ·𣬾ڰУ಻ɵþһ
һ˲䣬תǱݺһصŴϣ
ͷɢûϵõ´Ʈɢһͬɢ俪ȥ
±ȥƬԴӸ£ںڰĴϺ˸۾ȥ
ƲסƬ֮ȴ̣ѹҡ
ʱǵɳƵŮ̺Ҳ̺ſ̶вȣ
ܾҵʱӹءϧܾãˣҴ
ͷʹĺڼྱϣŮ˵ͳ̵˵
ֻ|



31 ɽˡ
ѾǺҹ,Хľ֮涼˯ɫû
綼ܰ,᷿еĴ󴲳Ϊ֧,ֻյƣ谵,ղһһߵ۾
ߵʹԴ,Ϣ,,żĲȥ
,ȵƤ,һ,һ,ľƤŴ°,¶ɫĺۡ
ʺ,ƫͷȥ,ҧ촽Լ֣ϵĴָѸٳ֡
߹ͷѾòټӸղŵĴ̼Ȼſ,¶һ԰ɭɭļ
ƹ£ֲӰеĵ,,ȻһڱҪҧȥ
ϡһ,ʯײ֮ˡ
ǶԼҧס˼Ľ档
һץڼ,ھϣԼ֮䣬޷ǰһ硣
ܺޣˮȴᶨ
ҡ
ףԴƬȻըŭ
㾹ң
ὣ֣ڵ״̬ܲʺսûа취ǿת³һڻΪĽϻ档
ԾĻӲֻ̫˫лڿ
˾Ҳֻܷһ
˵˲С
ף̧ԴβҲ߸ڷ|еߣƬ͸İ죬Щ˺۴ԣڷ·װŻҽ
Ҳûʲôֻʣ
֪֪״㣿
ὣֱ֣ףѪͫ
ԡ
ףͫϸǼŭ״̬ݣɿ죬ͷżҧȥ
Ȼ״̬ѣƣȴǿת뽣У泤ڿкݺһӣףĲϣ
˻˻˻
ףӱһӣ̧ͷһ˻ֿø󣬼ӳų棬Ƭǰҽֻͫʣһߣֱͬ
ߵβͺݺݴӴһɨɫʹͳͳ£һƬǽ֮УԴҲһ㴲ᣣʱʧȥҰ
¡һ죬߰ľͷשߵ߷سͷĴᣣ̧ͷʱʧ
ӴݶһĴ󶴣ֱӿǿգȻǱġ
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ǰЩżصġⶾҩϡ鵤ҩһںϣԵҩ˸յĵҩĪǶԸҩƷҩԲϤŻ˴ķЧ
ԭҩƷҩ֪ʶȫ̸ֽ֮ǰҲֻǸ211ѣѧĻгӪҽһϲֵͨҩҲпԭףΪԲԭ£
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32 չ㻹֪
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34 СԺ׷㰡
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Ȼ䣬з·βϸСԲ

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ףмϢͫһߡ
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Ӧ˵ϢƲȥ¹УƬިɽּȪһ׵Ӱ
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תͷΧߣƬ︽ŲٴĻӦ׼Խȥ
ʯС·СݡСݵݶƺѾϣϹ˻ʱĵط⣬ߴǲڵݳ޵طҹ顣
Ҳ֪߾жҹ飬ֱҪǮһҷţ϶żţСݹâ·ǰģ԰ͯСݡ
ʯһֱ赽м䷿ſڣһ·ҲûӰӣվſ֪ȥˡ
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35 ܽҹ
ž̫ˡ
඼ܿЩ͹ϸС,ֻҪѲЩɫС̲ԼƤִ΢΢ظܡ
ƫͷȥ,һδĲ,ش
Ժߡ
ףͫ,Ȼ̱һ˿ŭ⣺

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ףͫʿ,ƺһЦ
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൹Ҳû,߽ȥ
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˼ɢѸ϶ԷĽ⣬ãϵĹӳٳٳԲһš
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36 þҲ֪һͶ
СԺ,һ̤У˻þ෢ԼȻ߲ǰȥ
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37 Ҳ
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໳Ӧµľ磬һֱڶ峿
Ҫȥϰһ죬۱̾˿
죬ſڴòߵơ


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Сҵȥî˵üӰࡣ
ףʧԴȥҲٿ˵
ðɡܲܲȥî̫ˣĶʱ䡣
Ц
ãҪٰ䣬ܶҶҪܣͻ
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һˣ𣿡
ʱ䣬ʵ֮ףĺ֮ҹ͹ȥԼ뿪ˡ
ңڸŴ۵ϣףҪǻţ˵ᱻ֣϶֮ǰߵá
ЩȻص
Ȼʲôû˵ףȻǿˣִԴ΢΢ҡڣ˳ȥһЩ
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֪ˡæһֱæûʱ֡Ҷ֪
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Ҳˣл㡭ҡ



38 Ķ
峿,ౣҹµ¶黺׹䣬žһ볾֮С
Ʋڻƿ,һ͸ĳȺɫ̫,Ӵսһ˿һ˿ɫ⣬Ƭž
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ܸоͷĴ,˿֮仹ûԥ,ףѾ뿪ˡ
ﷴһ˿ʧ,ߵûͦ,ûü
ش
,ҽ
ϾҪ,ֻҪӿٶȰźù,ġ
ףЩ,߿,۾,ȴĪ᣺
ҵ㡣
ףȥ¹·á֮ǰ׷۰ɫڻþбˣһ֮ǰƷɫ,ֻײɴǴ׹кǿ˿񣬿΢ʵһЩ,ﶬƷ
·,Ҫȥ,ֿ֮ǰףǸľӡ
·ܿСľŤת塢۾˯ɵʱǿɰҲǡ
óľӷ,ת߳䡣
СԺ֮ǰףӣʯҹҲûʰֲüܾҹЩ
߹ʯС·ףԺſڣβͣԴƫתǰһ
㴩ɫ
ףѵôؿޣüе㲻˼ص
Ʒûʲôرġ
ףصͷ
ţˡ
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ŶǰɣֱϣԼˣͲЩ׵Ļˣ
촥ʱףͣû׷ˡŷɽɳǰͷһۣһڰйţԴڿ·һϸİߡ
ôеءͯĸоԣҪߣҲӰò
ϰɣϰãϰֻҪææµµҪ쵼ɽϰ໹ǲġ
ˣ໹ǾϵĹ̶ӡʿȵȣϤİʦʦܣ˺üᣬֱͷб
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֪Լ״̬Ҫü֪ˣ»СΨתcpۡ
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ſңȥԽˣ
ףͷһЩϸϸԼĽ
ûһ׻סš



39 ˵⻳̫
ֻ˶,оȴΪԣûӲվ,ֱۻߵ,ֻµѾһƣ޾³
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ףѾ뿪Ķ,оķ硣ԷҲ⿪β,ȥ赲˫,̧ȥԼ
ǳ,౻¶һԪӤʿ壬ȻУ
ףɿأЦ˵
,ɡ
ֻõղʲôûת,ϳڻȥ
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ʱ򡭡ףܿ
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˵
͵ſ˫ۣ³һѽԴסڻ˵һ֡
ÿֶǵɱüԼˣף
ҲȥˣڴжӵԷȦɬֹס¡
޾Ⱥˮףͷϣ˳ƬȥһεոֺõĻ
ףԴŴ壬뼾໳Уû֣彫ԼȫԷӵķʽ
ӵһΪĹȥָо̫ˣףеţ΢΢Ӳ
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ǰҲܸܵˮ飬½ڣףҲڿޡ
Ȼ뿴֪ʲôӣᡣ
ͷɤ˵
뿴˵ε



40 ؿ
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ߣҲġߵȫ£͵ζ⿴˵ΪжصˣҲֻܿ
߿΢΢ſ죬¶һ΢ЦƬϷ·𻹲һЩŹâΡ
ף˵
лл㡣
˵ллʲô֪⡣
ҲЦش
лңҲҪлл㡣
ҹ紵˶ӣһ˲о޹Ұ˴ֱ˴˷֡·𾳽ͻ֮ʱľػҲΪС¾ᣬĻʲôҪ
΢ЦԼ֪Լж᣺
ֻҲܺãá
ףҲЦɤ˵
лл㡣
˭Ҳû˵˶üĳֻԼģǶԷġ
߾Ȼǰףһҹȥվ¢ԱߣڹͬĬԡ飬˭ûע⵽ʱţȴһҹֵĳʵ
ףȻڣкǳ棺
࣬Ҿ׷ˡ
һ㶡
׷ˣΪʲôһӦʧ䣬ʲôףѹ𣿻䵭˺ף
ף˵Ҫ׷ԼĶȻ˶Էͼ
ףͣ
֪֮ǰ׷ЩΪΪѡ֮ǰ׷㣬ΪϴڡҲϴˡ
ݽס

ף˵ƫƫͷ߿һߣɬ˲٣
Ҳǲ롭ǣϴҸ롭еģԡҲǿĻˡ
˵ţȻһЩսʵչҫУ˫Խͨ͸챦ʯĹâԽ
뿴㿪ģҲġԣҵ׷󣬾͵Ϊֹ
ЦЦԴģ
ұ䲻㡣
໹ǰĻȻģ߽̳嶯
ǣûУô䲻ˣ
ף̧ͷһ졣
嶯ǰߣƣ
Ǹܺõ˰壬СʱôҶûڻԼԭ򣬺ϣĬʲô䲻ҵģ
˵Լ죬ȴǱһһ˵
Ҫ˵Ļ䲻Ŷ԰ɣôǿôʹַḻֱԼҡκһ
ͷֽץס°ڣҧѹ˵ʵܸ߳окҪһ仰Ҫ˵
СܽӴĽҲӽ쿪ʼȡ
̧֣Ѿߵߵǰŵĺ᣺
ܹ𣿡
߿֣һû֮ǰһ䣬Ǵԭء
ҲڻȴЩԽ˫ԽǱ˫ʯһ㣬ù⻪ת͸ޡ
ڻشչ̧ͷزһ¼ġ
ָۣ˶ḧ⻬ϸ壬ִ;ȫỮƤƺִһ˿¶ȣȫصָС
Ҳ̫ûᵽָоˡ
˺һףһֱһֱͷһ·գЩϸܵƬСѻǣ°ͺ߾
ף˵
ѽǽҲ֪ôźá
ЦһҲڵĳЩش
Ҳһǽû취Ӧԡ
ף̧۾Ϊ̫˶ʧȥ磬ֻСһ㣬ࡣ
ൽһʱպ
֮ǰôģٷһθ
ףȻСŭ
˭˵ˣˣû¡
ιıǼ⣬ƬǳУףӣƺִ򲻳ǿ
Ҳû㰡ô׺ߣ治㡣
ף
˭ˣֻô죬һϣһ㶼׽
Ȼķֻü鸡ؿȡ
죬ΪߣƻһҶ߻ħˡ
ȷʵ˵ʵΪ鲨̫ҳͻҲ
ףƳһۣԴＷøˣ
˭Ҫ˭ҪĦЩķݶҲҲȥϰˣڼҸҰĦ
϶˵߹⻬򢣺
ңҿһ¡ھߡ
ף˦βͣ
ū
ࣺ
ţǻūĦãôѡأ
ףβڵش򣬱Լķŭ˫ſ࣬ûŭ⣬ԴȻ
ཫͣԴϣȻٰĦ
ף
ֲҪͣ
Լָܻоеˬ
֪ģ㲻ңְͶһ㡣
ףҧأֻ߳ܣȴǰЩ
òΪԼͷɳָӲֱǴ켷ģ
࣬ҵĺūҰɣ㡭
ȴü̧ҡͷ
ôǿƵģҪĸоӵȥ
ף˸
ҵţ
ࣺ
ҪĻҾ͡
Ҫ˰ɣ
ףһ죬תһԣɳȴͶſڣ
࣬㡭ڼңȥϰĦﶼУˡĺҪ㡭İĦ
¶Ц⣺
⻹࡭ǽ
֮ǰǿӲصذԼǰֺݺ´ֱͫ׻ɢʧȥصС
Ȼεε㡭ܺ档
ЦǱߣ˽ۡ



41 в
ף˫˲Ĥ,Ҳſź⣬һҧסؿڡ
šɿ
һ,,϶Ҵֱɴȥߵ,ָߵǺϻ,ץסҵԴͷ
ףŤ,ȴûɿڵ˼,ҧŵҪ½,͸˿,ܸܵݼǴʲô
Ǽȶ١
,ֻ϶,һںסġ
ζĶ,ܷſǳ㲻ɿ,˵,Ҫղű֮ء
ף㲻˵ҡʲôſٲҪˣ
໳ӵһʧȥİߣƬѵϣһ,ץҲץסֻø߽
Ȼףҧ½̧ͷ,һ˫챦ʯ,˵֪˼һ,ոո̫ͷ϶ڱ̫ʩСƣͲˣǱ
,ַֻֿ̯
Уҧɣҧ˾ȥС
ˣףȴ˺ֺ
ߵҧס½һ˺קϳһЩ¶µһƬѩס
Ѹ죬ؿһƬߣȴȫ޷Ϊ¡
ףԴ˳ȥ֪ʱҧ
ÿһ˿ϸܵĸܶݵԺһͬҧݿڣ
𡭡
һ漴׳˲תƣǵĴϡ
౻ڴϣӵȴ壬Ҳ
Ԥеȥߣ
֣£㱨ҿԣǲܡ
߲ػֻݳĬ˺ϣССѩӱ¶ĳУ΢΢
ֵ̧סһסߵľǿԼ۾
ԣӦң
ףı֮𽥻ع
ɳƣǳԣֱ뼾ĴƤ㣺
ܡ
ߺȻֱӣԼ°β͵ߡ
Ũҵġü֮ɫζ֮ǰ֮֡
ӷ߿ȥƬϸСƽ˿ڡð͸Һ塣
𺳣ʶᴥ
߾Ҳ׳ϰȻ£һȦȦ鶯Ųס
ף
ҡܿҪˡ
۾ɴˣѯʣ
Ҳзڣ
Ĵδ߻ֶ
ף˵ִŴϢ
Ǻº鶾һ𡭡̼ˡ
£ȳ·𱻽*һˮ˲侲
ʣ
ķڣں֮ǰ֮󣿡
ףҡͷڹһȦһȦż
ֻ֪ܵȡ
̣ȴһôֵһһ
ָҲҴߵκβλֻ

ףȻԸҺǶβͲżȣ͵ĺ
ཀྵֱţɫס
ͷѾ컯֮£һһڴϾⱾǷǳ޵Ļ棬˿ȴΪ԰׵ɫԵþ㤡
ף˺һͣϢ̧ͷ࣬һ֮±㶡
㡭ˣˣˡ
ߵͬһˮٻ´ȥվڴ̧ͷ
ҵĴûס
ѵõǸȴδ飬ֻľͷһתն
ף𽥸оԣ
ôˣӣҽҲûʲô
ֽ̧Լ·ãסӣڳڴĵɫǲ԰ס
·°ȫߵϢ뵽ǰĳЩգĳЩڡʱͷųϢءߵϢء
ţڴվţ˶ӡ
࿪ڣ
з£Ϊʲôң
ףһ㶣
ǰδйڰҪô㣿
Ҳһ㶣
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࿴űվһߴ¹ѡ·һ߼Ҵ˵
м£һ˵ȳȥɡ
ףίίȴҲسȥˣֻû߶Զ໻·ڼ䣬۾һֱӴ϶￴ϧʲôҲ
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ףе㲻ˬתһֿˡЩطЩ״ֻ̬ܿγһʤء
Ŷף۰Ͱֹ
½ɫЩΣףߣֻһ
͡û취Ǽ£ұȥͲˡ״̬Լ侲һ°ɣҾˡ
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类ƿһɢѸʧףڵϣ̧ͷǸ³ջأ˸βڶ
Ȼķڡ鶾¡࣬ߵӵЧҡ
״ηڣ뼾һͬȹĻҲǲĻˡ
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ҳһ£վŹ㳡ǰΧһȦˣнڵĵǣҲмλϡ
Ⱥм䣬ŮԻмλصŵӡ
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Ϊͽ˿̴ƶ־ĴˣӦҳϲд¡
ʦֶˡ
ҳĿӥֻһɫºܲͬ·ҡͷ
Ǹڳϡ¹شһ˽ʵɷٽһ飿
վڶǰ棬ӦҳϣпתͷǰŮ
ֻһƳﻹף£Ůòʱ΢΢һ١
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⾹ȻǾµףȥʳʳʱǱһڽ﷢Ů
˲һ㼦Ƥô£ⶼ¹ȥˡҲˣֻ֮ҪûвӰ춼£ΪʲôᱻץôĵطдĵУ
֮ǰյдšеӴŹ棬ЯƣǰŴС
Ǻܿ£ҪƣءŮȴҲֻʱĬ
ҳ󣬽ŵĴͽվʼ秽龭ÿֶüƤ΢
ŮżһʱɽҲŮԷԻ󣬽ԷΪվ飬й֮±ץ
ѰӼҲͰˣҪǣλ
Ϊ
Ŵͽ˵ϣֳ޵ؿλ˵ĸ֡
üҶȻһָ΢΢
ͽ°Ʈҡ˵
ڼδй˹֮£֪ʷôش
ȺŮſڵأ˻ȴ΢΢̧ͷؿ
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ҲİȴȻתӣ˷Ͻסк
ɱң޵ޱ𴦿ȥ޵밡
ӵޡ
ͽҲŮԣ״ȴ֮ģֻӶ
ԸгϴɲֻҽУ
ҳһ£ɫ䣬һֱϸλ˿̽ӹͷ
һֱڵ£ˮʯҲǶŵڹ̣ܽô˵Ǳˣʦֶ뷨
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ɫ΢΢ףԼı飬ƽ̬˵
һȫƾڳϴãŹ桭ɡ
ͷУ
ȻˣǱ㰴Źڶڵӣͨͬɱ
һ䣬ʱ䶨ΧôˣȴûУš
ϵһ亹ǰָʯ壬ָⶼѪҽţ
ɱҿԣҪɱֻһֻոεС꣡ʲôû֪޵šƭģҲһϣǡǶǴҪɱòá
ڵѿͷͷܿѪɢ
İһֱֹڶľѾֻ·ҪԼѪ
亹Ӷ£ۼŽŴͽܾ˳ڽϣ˿û¶ȡ
վڣ

ҺλϽԿ˿Ŀ۽ģûһĲԡ
ɹȻŹ棬ֻ顣
飬޵֮ꣿ
ƷоӣŹд
ת̧һ·ΪδƵģҳ˵
볤Ͻһ˵
Ҹһߣ˸磬ʣ
ôˣоʣ
гüţ·ȫǶŵĵǣ
ϣڽҪٰ䣬ʦҲأǸеʱ䡣
ң
ԣ
ࣺ
ȷʵаƲʱɱԼĵӣ鴫ȥŵĶ󽫻Ƿǹ⣿
ң
ɱҲɱ˽ͨĵӣⲻڼĺΪλ󣿡
ʵͽ
ѰӵȻν˫۾ڣЩԶѾǰɵ·ϣ仹ܶɽһˣǶΪŷǳݡǽ˶֪ǳžĵӣ˽ͨǸ룿ҽټ֮ĵӹۿ̣֪ΪˣҲǳڱܰ
˼ٽ
άŹ棬ȻûǷӦ֮ܽиأ˭֪·Ǳİ취أʦһֱΪأΪʦĹŵӣȻΪʦǣΪݻ˶Ѻǡ
ҳĬΣֲȷʣ
һղҹζడѺһô죿
ࣺ
ֻҪѺصѡãȻ¡ԽѺħӰСС
ħӰڸһأӣдŸħϢ뼸ǱֻڽƹǽصԿףɳеһСݣȷʵȻ޷ѡ
˼ܾã˵ͷ
һֻ֪ɣ֪ʣ˵Ҫˡ㿼ǵĽǶȺܺãʦأұΪʦ͡
ࣺ
ʵ»Ϊʦܣֻ˵ԼͺãֻΪʦǣȴԴԼ
ҵͷ˴ɹʶһصȺС
ѿιȥǰſϣŶȴһֱڱݵͺ𣬲κ˿ǡ
ǰȻһ֣ǿȻϯȫ
Хͬһ֧֧밢壬ʹź𲱾ɫëѸٱɺ䣬ſĴ죬³һŹâõСӡ
ǿɢӻС
ϵŮѾһֻССĺɫ꣬ȷʵСᣬëûʸɾ˿ƣص£ǰצ
Ѿιȥûô̵Ļ棬࿴Ŀںܶ¡
վûȰסҳȥֻӴԺ޷Ҳὥȥһֻͨĺ꣬ȫһС

飬лδ壬յ˽ҸԻȥɡ
ɻ󣬽ͷӶһͨҲˣλϵһʲô飬ȴ֧ߡ
ָ֮ӽżλͽһ𣬽һһ÷ɽȥħֽأСڣһЩٹȵҩάɣǺ꣬á
λӶô˾ǳʴȣ̾ȥˡ
վԭأ࣬Щ⣺
ʦֶնˡҲˣôɫôã
ͷסü۵
ҳӢܶһȭȭ֮ģһΪɫΪ̫æµˣھͻڣûʱͷڳϹġӻҪˡ
ҵͷĿ뿪ྡߵù䣬ɳȥԶҲûٻͷ
졭̫ˡ
ķɽٶȺܿ죬;˽Ѻ͵ļλʦá
Ѿˣźޣ춯أα𶼲Ըͣ£·ֻһְ취йһС
ûʦǴкû࿴һ۱Ѻ֮ˣֻӿٶ뿪
ǰϣֻصɽĽ֮ټһٲ磬ٽףҲóһǧ㡢һ硣
Ǻ걻ļһֱϲϻ졣
һԭǴ󣬿ɴɣȥƷ̸
볤ɽ֮Уβ;ˮף
ףû뵽ôͻˣβ;ˮѾζ̧ͷ
ô簡һΪ
ͻȻ౧˸
දжֱԴѹԼϣ΢΢˫ץΰԼ
ߵĶ߿ڣ
𡭡ȥ˷֣㲻



42 ڡšͦȵ
˵ʲôô,ʲôˣ
ףţڼ£ƫͷͼ,ȴఴסԴ,á
֮һףƼ࣬ڷˡ
ףܸо,ҹӵȫһ
˵ҹӵ밲ο,ڵӵֻĿ־ͽꡣ
δ¶,׷ʲô,öصԶºƽļ
ף˫Ѫ,ǽ֪˭۸˼,ضҪ˴,鶼ޣ
ֻ̧,°βͲס,һĶ,˵ţ
ûϵ,ûˣǰȫģꡪûϵˣԡ
ĲƽϢ,ʶʲôƵģȻƿף,,վԶ,ĿȻһ֡İ
ףãȻǰ
ôˣʲôˣ,Ұ
ഽɫҰףָŲڵ˫з·аȼգף촽⶯
ܲܡھߣ
ףͫʣ
˵ˣ֮˵㷴ˣ
ҡͷ
ǡǽ죬кܿµ鷢ܲزס
Ŀİؿڣչ㳡ϵŽ˳
֣鷢ĵ£˼άݣһΪ·뾡취˵һֱά״ֱ̬ؼҡ
һصңһףľ֧Ųס˫۹̣ǻᣬͻȻסͻȻ׿·һӡ
֪ԼҪʲô˵ʶԼֻҪףúûš
Ψһѣͺ͡صˣΨһê㣬ֻúûš
ֻҪ֮ڣԸͺʵ֣һʦأҪôôʿҪȫסף
סһʼҪŮǸ󣬾֮Ҳգ趨ҲãһжڸŮԣʲôֻǸϣΪʲôҪȥŮ
֮˲Ȼãûһף֮ء
ףȫĿࣺ
ҲǺһ³Էġ
ɣǡһס㡭
Ȼ档
ɴ£⧲ףٴս£ȴҲ˷˼ˮ뻨֮ڡ
еĻԪӤʿˮĵԭֻǻȻ˻īɫĳػ׺֦ͷ
ǼĿɬ۳ɵĻ
ףӴǰӣβͲסֺص
ûµģûµġ²¡أⲻǺúõû¡
ߺشһףۣʣ
ǲӣ
̫ףӣἸס۾ֻǿףĺ챦ʯ۾ͫ
ܵ˱ȥ飬һĥɰʸУСģǰκһδ
ûԺռУֻǺܸɾİο
ףֿ
ˡ
ۣȥ壬ԼףС
һ׳߲ܸӵǿһӣҲˡ
ܵõÿ鼡Ҳܸоȵǿ׳·һʯ⻹ߵı塣
౶߿϶ûСԼһμпĳ棬Ӧ
Сγʱļϻ죬񺣳һػ޷ȥ
ۣڽͣϢоսƤմߵճҺƤ
׳ӣʣ
ܸܲɽǿĽ磿κ˶롣
ף˵̧ͷɫӿȣγɣ·һеԵıĤȥ󣬽ɽС
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˫һɭĺۣȻº͡
ͷ·һˮЩʹͽǡǺͿ־壬ȫԶȥ
ץסߵƬץģѩڻʯӲǿܴꡣ
ףú˵
ǲû߹ҵΪҸ㣬ѵڣˡټɽ磬Ҷ֮ˣˡ
ˡමȻ۾
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ף˵ɽֵˣڹĸ߼ϡ
Ĳ˵ҺЩҲڣҲڣѾɽսˡ
ο֮ͬ£ΪǸǿ츳ͬһڻ¡
ȷʵɽ˿ǧܸףԴĲһˣ⻹㡣
ףһ˿Ц⣬β⻺ĺ
԰ģ㹻ԱҲġ
΢΢죬ףܾãŵ˵ͷ
ǿҼƽϢ𽥱òԾ
ʶԼһֱף§ڻȫףм䣬˫ֻ§ߵľƷǳ
糺죬˵
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ףȻֶԷеڣһֱһģοչ¶ʵģǡ
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вУ㲻ǻǸʲô֮ԲУôţԲ
˵ڡִʣշض㿪ɴ೯Լߣͬʱ˵
㡭ͲԼһ顭
ףֱ׳
ڣΪʲôҪԼ
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Ҹղô㣬ô£Լطȥ
ףǰζţȻӵͷ
㻹ҷڵĻҺȵСƣǺú졣
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ǱףҲó˾ƿǼǰһƿԼԼصĳ־ơ
ףƣõͳԵ渵
ҷ¡˵Ҳ꣬Ϊ֮ǰδйڡ
һ仰üˣ
㲻ǻǧĴδйǲǡҸҽ
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ǧߣôҲǳŮˣ˭Ȼδ֮꣡ǰƺxȶ˼δ֣
ףεЦ
ɵūʵҲҵƷֺɡڣҾоڽ
һھƣ˫ˮ
ÿκһ𡢳ѪҺˮʱ룬ǻֻ鶾֢ǡ㱾ˣҵ
ѪԶԶؽӴƺڸڼϢ
֮뵽ʲô
ֲҵʱЩҩȫЧԭ鶾ûԼԷ֢״
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ҩ֮һʼĹģܿͻ̱Щ鶯Ϊʲô
ף欵ƳһۣЦ˵
ҶʱϢأҲͬǷ顭Ӳء
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Ƴһۼ࣬û˵еĺǳȷ
ǸҪҽβһµĶ󣬱Ȼ㣬Ҳֻ㡣



43 Ϣ
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ȻףûȷҲװֻ֪Ʊ˵һ䣺
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ģŵˮζ,͡
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ĵؼŷɽȥ,ɳʱ,ףĽɫ·Щ,½ǲɢ
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졢¡ڡʦءô鶼ۼһ,ķҡ
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Щˮöġ
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»˱·Ūˣ
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һĻҳӸ֨죬ƳܲסߵĶʹڰƮҡ
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ȱ𡭡
Ȼģɿش¹ţȥ
΢΢ôҲû뵽ףһڼң͵͵׼ţģȻ



44 ࣡һ
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й~
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ǡʲôʩҼǵǻ׼˰ɣ
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45 
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46 Ůʹʲô
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಻ɵõʣ
ں˭أǵЩ԰𣿡
Ȼֻ֪߲֮ܺǰ߻ħڹȥĻвУҲΪĳԭ򣬽ɱ˷
Ϊʲôԭأ
߶ûɵޣ಻һ̧ۿߣʮָӡ
˵ҲĳŸɵءĳˣ
ʧȥױܰףһ̤УǰһЩף˵
ףһѣңǼడ
ףϢеĳѪϢȫ䣬ſԴ𷢳С
û˿ԵĺۼˡܣҲû취ֻܴԶһЩˮϴϵѪ衣
ֶʵϸ˿ڡߣ֮ô߰
һ˲̧ʱǡ죬ϼȻˣ
˿ѽӽʱµǿˣļӹ̱˦ѣ
һƵĺУȻסѣ
βȻɨƽֱֺܶ࣬һľ弾Ϯ

ὣ赲βײ𻨣ʯײľ졣
˱βѹ˫ü磬ԽݺȥҳһĹ֡
ѾͺüľߣȻ޴ԴӸ¿ŰӽССࡣ
ߴ˿̹۾мͷô޴Դ´գǱϢͽм༸վȡ
ףѵ㣡ң࣡
ץŽžߵĳʹйͷͬʱѡ
Դ
־֢ˣֻԼȥֻ뾡취ߵǡ
ûǡֲ߽ż˶糤̫ˣüͷΣû취ȥֿ
ҧҧɴָӷɽȥţһѪڵ˵޹ؽҪʹҲܻǡ
Ȼķɽû߱ܵĶ죬Ǽ䣬ջأöݺݵľ޴Ťתŭˡ
ɽѾװˣ΢һ͵ʯ飬ϣɽͷҡҡ׹
೤һֱߣ׹ԺͷƤˣŤβȥɨ
ȥ㿪֮ĳ䡣
Ȼи΢΢Ķ鼱֮¿ʲôֻָϿܡ
һǰѾǸ޴ͷǰȥ·ȫʵʵ
Ȼһҷ硣
ʶŤͷֵסָ˿ƣ¼Ѫǡϡ

źȻ˻ȥ߲ٶͫȻ
ǡָˣΪԼѪ
̶ߵ۾˵
ףǼ࣬ѣѰ
ߵѪͫϣȻûʲô仯ȴһ֡ڱĸо
ϣ𣿼Լָٶȥ
ҵѪѡ
ѪָѪƳʹʹʱǱҪģȫԳܡ
ֻҪףϳʹʲô
ſڣȻ
㡭ߡ
Ȼܴȴɳƣŷζ·ķ϶ȴҪץסΨһѵһ˿ʱ䣬ȥȰ輾ࡣ
ߣ뿪ȥﶼãҪ˺ͺá
Ǽ಻ߵģſڣ
Ҳ
δ˵꣬һֲľ޺ϣߵѵ˱ع磬ߵĶҲ˹
ֻôͷ롣
޴ȥֻܷɳɽżӴβɽ¡ǡز϶ѣԭӲޱȡɽϱĤһſѹ飬¶صĴ׳Դɭɭؿ
ڰУץסͼ߲
̫׳̫ǿ֪ôֱӳ۾е㡭²ȥ֡
ֻóȥЩʵ˺ۣȴƸ֪ʹƵģһζǰ壬պյ죬
ͼץסףԻô˵Էûʾ˿ļ
ףѵ㣡ȥ졭
ף㵽ҪһѰ
ȥǱߣǱǼѽ
仰һڣԼһ˲漴סһȥ
ѾȫͿչʮ׳Ǵ׳ˣɽΧշתƶͼץס࣬ܿ㽫߶ɽϡ
лͷƳһۣǰ澰ȫ𺳣
¹âѪ֮ϣһ׳׶ɽ֮ϣһȦһȦɽͷȫռݡ
ߵƬŰĹ⣬ϻвѪ˺ۣȫһѪߣ
Ѫߣ˫ԡѪټͫ󣬶ʱ·档
վԶ֪Ǻãû취ˡ
ѪµƺڼӾ磬¹޺ֻվɽ¹ţоԼԡѪһ㣬û취ʹȫ
̧֣֮ǰǸָѪѾɺԣ˿ˡ
һᣬýԼСڲ࣬ѪҺӿ
סǰһķΣߵԴһ·ԼѪ
վھ߱ǼϣֻѪӶݺ˦Դ
Ȱ
ɴһ£սվȣֱ̽ߵϴ棬סߵĿǻԵ̶塣
ûɺƾʲô߾Ȼʶˣƾʲô
ôչˣ߸ӹŹֵǰڣҪô˼ϣҪڴ
һУνĺ֮ҹһʹȫǵ
ЩѵΪ˺һ㶼氡
ΨһѣھȻǵҪԼѪҺȥѡ
ȰҺȣ㲻ôѪбºң
С۵ѪߵĿǻߵͫ׻ɢһ˲漴¾۽ʱ͸һЩ
ȷʵЧһϲ߳Ѫ߿С
߱ºٺŤ˫峺𽥾۽ڱǼϵļϡ
ȻеۣеЦеޡ
ǵģ£ôҪô鷳ܡ
ţף
˭
ʹףŭɽ죺
ɱǵǲ㣡ǲ㣡
һȥҧֱ
ôַˣιѪ𣡼סߵ죬߷˦ͷǻһֻøܹ˵ֱ۽סһߴ
ҲǰôǼడչˣߣ쵰
ҵ˦ɽ񵽵С˦˦ȥ
ǾȻǡ֮ҹʱ͸ףСС
ܺÿѺüֵ̳ģԱС
ƲȻס˺£¹⵭ȥߵĿʱֹͣƺҲãȻż࿴
ץǸ÷ŴŴٱһ޴
Ǵ׳Դһ˦
ǵ𣡡
ҲûϣֻյĽ䣬ôһԡ
ߵ񱻷Ŵٱ󣬱ȻԴ壬ǡԴϣȷʵһ𹿡
ߵıϣ߿÷ǳ㶶ţ֪ûϳ
ɺĳЩ뷨ð˵
˵˽㻹Ҫ氮֮ǰ
ѾƣˣȴǷסߵĴ졣
ӿ쫷磬ۣǶǡñպϵľ޴Ƭصһ¡
ġܡһֻмˣе죬Ҳ˵Լ˾پû˽ġ
ͯﲻô˵氮֮ǡܽȻҲ߻ָѰɡ
ѣԼĸʽ˵ˣ֮һ뿪ɣҲʶԼˡ
˲䣬ʧץʧɽҲʧˣͻȻ䰲ÿ¡
ãȻȥڷ֡
ͷԭڵλãһŮˣ׶ࡢŮˡ



47 ڰĿģ
һŮ,ڲݵ롣
׳ȫ£׹ӨӨ,˫۱,ţ˫ϸϸ,ڲҶ֮ת
ô,´˿ûѪµĹâ,е,ȴɴĵ,
Ѿ,续,,֫,֫ڷ,󻭼ҾļƻĹͼ
ɵǰ,־ܴľ룬ȫֹͣϸŻ֮Ŀˡ
ϸ壬κ,ͷ貿вٹؽڴۡ
׷׸ס,ϸСѩ׶ڳֳֻ֮һ,·һŸ߸ߵĶ⡣
̧,һ΢¶
԰ף,죬¡
ĸʧ
ָ΢΢飬紵ʶԼȻרע˿ʹһѪ¡
žડһ
һѪգ䵽һƬ׷ɫֳ֮һʺ졣
ǡף
̫ˣǲӦôǽʱռ䡢ֲʵҪԹһ
һѪ£˱ѣۣһ˫Ѫ˫ҹɫ˸ԵĹ⡣
ûԼѾˣһӦſ˺ҧ˫Ҳβһ㣬ݺĴ档
㿴ԼġͷȻɺܲȻȴٷֲ棬һʵࡣ
üƺһĻĵˣͷ׾ջȥȴ򴽡
˫ԭ԰ѩĴһ˿죬Ѫɫ֮ǰַ˵
ʮؿÿһжǲǻڷ裬񡭡һǣ
סֱϵ˿ڣѪҺѪζһ棬Ĺâ΢΢˸˵ע⡣
תż࣬һ˫Ѫ˫ۣ͸¶һЩ
ɳƵؿڣ
ࣿ
ࣺ
ǣˡ
˵һԹĸоֱ˿ѾϣһЩڰжף˵
㻹᲻裿
ףŲһ£һͷ׷£ǧ˿Ƶط⻬塣
˿û߳ģת̹λζż˵
ʱû衣
ȻɿƿߣβȴЩ۶֫壬ȫ׶ԷĻ
ʣ
ڣһطţȱյ¹⡣𣿡
ףŬһ£˫۳ŵ棬վһģſſˤ̫ûˣӦ·ֻһڵϻ߲·
̧ͷһã޴룺
߲ˡҲٱߣԭ͸׷衣
⣬ڿгһ͸ˮ򣬽ף˰ˮ֮Уˮա
ˮף˫ַˮϣ׳˫һ۵һˮҲҪؿţƴ㹫
һ˫Ѫɫ˫ֻż࣬ĳָӵˮ˵
ղţˣ
ڴ߶ɽһģûվȡɽգˮ󣬷·һݣҹɫỮ
߷ɱ߻ش
ǣ鼱֮£ΪָǲģϡʱôӦҲоɡ
ףľˮ֣һζ˵
ȻȥһΣȶҵľ񡣡
ࣺ
ɲǿЦʱ򡣡
ף
Цô
ͷˮף壬šüͷЩίˮһĸˮĿ
ֻÿ
ȥ˵
һƺܿɢ¹â䣬ףˮſţ̧ź£ŤָȻ쳤·צӡ
һֻȱ棬Ѫ漴У

ǲʹĽкȫǾϵʹࡣ
һûٻͷʱˮѪҲֱѾѪ
ݺһۣ͸ѪĻܿףס
ףڿԿ¹⣬Ťǻȴֱҧѹƻȥ⡣
顱һСԺ룬ˮأףѪѪĻ飬Ѫʡ
һƬѪһץסףֱۣ
ߣ
ݣһһɡ̬ķӳзɳд򿪡
ʱһƬڣȫû˹Դʲô
ΧޣֻסһӴСʱҲʱսбȽϼߣڴʱڵһ¹⻹ǿá
ߣ
קеֱۣ²ȵţ㽫ףϣʱ
ǵס¹Ч󣬺µĴڱ񣬵Ҳûиõİ취ˣֻܳںڰȥ
ҲȫҪõʯ̫ˣʲô壬ֻߵѪζһ˱Ƕ
ĵ׺ۣһ뵽ڰ֮󿴼Ļ棬еޡ
ףѪĻ֮³ͶһƳǿ仹鷳ˡ
ٲ鷳Ҳ鷳̫ˣ˵Ѱһ𣬲˭Ŭֵܲġ
ףǱߴɳƵԭǴϷЦζĳߣɰֽĦûڻв
࣬æˣ
һᣬ߹ȥ
ȴںڰǰ·ߵӣײӡ
һֻߵı֣֪Ķð׼סСۣǰһ

һ˲ʧظУԼʲôĶϣܻȴ;
ף
ףԼǿǽŵƣǡ˫ڶԷ࣬˵ڶԷ˫ȰţԷ°ȦԼȼ䡣
ڴԼһŤҵơŤֱۺšһȡ
Ƿǳסȫ޹ĴڰʲôҲ߳ıԶԶĺܱܵڱҪ
ܸܵףĺףĳԼĴܶ࣬ǳϸȴ߸ߵظ϶ѹȸкǿ
΢ŲȥһЩ˫Ҳɿߡ
һֻȴŲϣм䣬ߵİӲס޷޷ߡ
㡭ô
һʣһ쵽棬ͼȥף֣⿪ԼЧ΢
ֻȴֺһԣô
áҪ㡭
ף˵źܴĴӿѪζϰҲɣѾںܼѵʱ̣Ҫ̲סˡ
Ҫʲô
౻⸱ŵһЩȴȻһ׷˿Ϣ
ԽףԽǰʶʲô鲻ԡ
ףʧءʲô˭Ҳ޷Ԥ⣬Լܡ
ܣеˣЩͬ׷ҵС߲ȫ½֮ڣƤ桭
ȵȡ𡭡
ȥȴ߸ߵѩţָ΢΢һԷѭֱǰȫУһ֡
൹һָǼĴϴͣ٣ǰȴشϢ
ԭľ裬Ŀǡ

һ˲䣬ݺס꣬Ƭϡס뿹ȥ޷һ㡣
Ŀģǡ



48 ɡ߹裬ֱ羡ͷ
޹ĺڰ֮,ˮ
ףͷܳ˳Ŵױ˿أѪζֱ,̰˱ǻÿһҺ塣
һ˲,֮Ǽ伤ҵ,ֻƺ,忹ܵ,˫ǰ,ȴֻĻ,޴
𽥻,Ӧӿ,ڰ춼ζ,ǴߵÿһƤɢ,ζ
·ѹ޵еС,޴ӡ
ף,ҺѾƷһҧǵƤҧƣѪ
෢ءʹ,ףɳƵƺ߽֯һ
ȫ㲻ܵǣڱȡӶᡢռС
ף͵͵غ߳,һַֻס,һֻȥաͱǼ,һ·졣߲ǸջΪʲô˶Ļ
оõԼڽеͶѪҺ,ǻȫζ޷άǡ
ڰĳģ˿޲ס壬ģңҲģһеĽޣʼҪ磬ҪԼҲԣҪ߹裬ֱ羡ͷ
ʶĳֳļʹңǱĺʹޣʶĳ٣Խ
ۣһƬڰȫûйԴֻܸܵԷͷ˿һȴûԷ
ͷ˫ѷʹطҲʹУִһζûһС
ӣ̧һֻ֣ΪֻּϾķ
֮ôͷ­ԼƤףҧסľھһĵط
ھѲãȴֺȻ̧죬ĿǻһȻʢĶ裬֪ôһ˿ʼã겻
һ۾Ϊݺݿ£
ɾߵʱҲߴ磬ˣɾͼ򵥶ˣֻҪҪˡ
ףһʹƺߣȴδε̧ͷʣ
࡭
˫Լ˸ˮ⣬ףʱʲôģݱ»ĵҩɢ/ڡ
ԺиֳĺڰУΪΨһĹԴ󵽵Ļ̫λãȴֻĶ
顱һٶȺݺ¡
ָΪǿҾ󾱣ڴܰףΣǾͲ
Ѱ࣬ΪȻЧǰǺ״̬µ
ȫǿаԽȾѪ
ûǻ
ϳһƬʵӲԷԴ̧ߣһ޷ĸ߶ȡԼǲӱߣԴΡ
ҲͷˣֻںڰУȻҪͷ߸
ܵʱ
ɿ뿪ֽŲڵ׷ף*˸ί
࡭ҡ
ȻûشѾҪܳɡķΧܿ˸ĺ⣬ôû
Ľױʲô֮קס
һݣΪβקסôôıСܿӦ֡
ףָ֣们壬ϸȴһ㽫Ľסߡ
࡭ģҪ㣬ˡ
ףڰȴָסֺš
֮ǰڻߣףҲ˵ͬĻʱȫľˡ
ʱĶѡ
ڣϻһֻߵֲţղֱֱضȥ˳ǡֱᡢǿƵĸоܣᡣ
˵
ſҡ
ͬɽǰƲ㣬ܵͣѹźܶ
ףҪһΣѧߣʲôԼԤ⡣
ףģǶԷӲ֪þգֻбܵռݺͶȡȫ⡣
Ҳͬ
һһΣһ߱ϾߣĶﱾѹһУǼãҲûҪάֽˡ
ˣֲûɽҲû˼ܶȤΪףŴڡ
պ֣ܽɫâɢһɡĿռ֮
˭Ѫ˭ķ磿
ȻûʲôҲû˵ʲôݻףİȻͣˡ
ΣڽϵֻҲɿ
ףеͶڼ벻ʱ̣ԼҪʱ̣еͶ
ףԼ޷ԼɳƣֱѪ˵
ȥߣץ㡭
ץٷţѹһУѼ븹
Ը⿴һĻΪ˺֮ҹ׼ôãüΪƷԼûϵʼնǡŮɼ಻ǡ
£ߵ£͸һֱţƾʲôֻժȡƾʲôҪٷ
չǾ͸֪㣬Ŀ˺һʹҲ÷Զȥ߰
߰
˻Ƶغ£еĶ̫⣬Ϊʲô䣿
̧⣬һˮƷΪʲôͼȫһζôɬôѳԣ漸ǧĶˮҪԼ
ͷɰġ̬ɡ£͸ڰǰڰ࿴һ˫ۣһֱü
üʱʢŵĻ䣬ôһΪԸˣ뼾ĺһʢˡ
ǲС໹ǲԸ⣬ףԼܴԼǸ㲻뷨ŶԷĵһή
˿ƺܲ죬عͷںڰãȻɨһۡ
ɡ³ȥԶԶ뿪Ӱʧں֮¡
סԼϥǣԴϥм䣬ҪһԼֲ̬ܱΡ
ĺʹǻγΪʲôôʹ̧ȥץؿڣָ׺ܼ׵ץǰƤһѪ
֪Լʲôʲô壬Ƿ˻ˣ˭⣿
ǰû⣬Ϊûйˡ
ˣǸ˲һвʣ壬ȴΨûǷ⡣
ԭһ°Ǻǡ͵ЦţץţʹάǣǻﻹѪζУ趼ˡ
ͷҲصˣٲһڰ︯÷
ΣбɱΪʲôɱΪʲôЩɱһУΨŹΪʲôţţڴţȴôʹࣿ
ֻһߡԸ룬ֻһ鷢ƵĴԼţץסЩѪУȴִŻ³
ԼѪ̫ˣһࡣ
ţѪһ𣬼һ塣
û˻ˣǧŰٰʮǰǸҹ˶ˣˣûҪԺ˯ҹֻΪ˲ج׷ϡ
ڸոգֱˣڵȫ磬
磬ͬ
ͷȫʪ͸ճϣҲ֪ǽ͸Ѫᣬʶģ롭СߣҸڰĶѨ档
ڶѨ裬νֻҪ߹ʱԸ⿴һۣġ
ף뵽֮ǰΪֻµķ㣬һ֧ҩˣϣܸһ֦
ʲôأ
Ұɡ
ǸֵĻ
ʶģɢܲԼĴڣʹõĮǡҪˡ
ĻΪһɡ
ۣУֻڿʱǰ
ҪߵĻȥ
ֱ
Ϊļ࣬Ȼ˵ˣ
ףһѣˣһжˣ



49 ƫƫ
뿪,ԡɫⲽĿ⼸ͶǼݡ
ֻܿɡ㣬ֽɡ,滭һЩͼ,ǳƽ
ȥף
ŵǵѪζףѪ,ʵζ,ҲпԺ֮ǰЩѪȡ
ԺضѪ,ضǰɫ,ףʱѪ,ˮһ,һѪ硣
Ѫе,һʱ䲻֪ȥδ,ͷɬ,ֱ䴥дӱץĽ,һֱ,඼ںݺݷ䡣
ˣ׼һЩ򿪽ָ淭ңǰһСƿ߼¶,ǿƷϡеҩרעһŻЩ,û̫ô
Իʿķû,¾֮·߳ǧ,ֻܿԼûκηǷ,ܹǵֿΣա
ǵֿԼ
ȴ֪һְ취һЧ
ʹѪĺۼ֪߿ҧ촽˱ѪһΪ˻ָǡ
Ѫĺãû취ȥһ̲һԼ͸Էȥ
ǺܲǳԱҪԱǡ
ǿĳǣǰӾ׽ȥһ֪Ǻ˼
ԽߣԽǿף֮䣬ȻǴߣҪûˣʲô
˼·ѪҲãҲռѪͽȥ»ףҪ
ʼռһСƿҧָ⣬һενѪУһСƿˣóһСƿֱԼǰһ󷺰ףƮƮվס
ǰʮСƿѪҲףҩ̧ͷֲԼףǡ
½ˡ
ɽ󣬱ðºͣҹˡ
ʲôûһػָᣬɫ£ذϣһƬ֮Ѫ߷Ļ֮ϣһɡϡ
һ㶣ϲسط䣬ɡ£ںڰһһߴ󺰣
ףһѣˣһжˣ
ƤϽһץס˳ȥƺǸ첲ƺȡ
һƤ弸ץסȫմҺ壬ʪ͸˵ķ˿
Ѫף˶Ѫ
౾ۣܵϿǻ
öˣûˣûˣˣˡ
*
ˣ
ȫֻˣ
ף̧ͷʵǰȴԼֻۡ
ںڰУûԼı飬ԣۣϲãȫĵΪ
Ϊˡ
ףᣬһѪȣȴе𡭡
΢΢չ壬һֻ֣͵ָǰȴȥա
ɳ
ᡭˣ
ˣ෴һץסɣ
ףɵÿЦ֮ǰԼΪʲôǣ
༤ش
ԣǿԳȥˣȥˣ»ȥˣ
ף֣վﻹ˵Сĵ㡱ڽˡ̫ˡ֮ĻʵڲǺڰǸתıӰ
ףרעضͼȴЧֻܱظ뿪ڰɡ£һһǰߣǰߡ
ߵ¹ԡº͵İɫ¹⣬תࡣ
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໹ڰ˼⣬ףе·ûˡһ¾ף϶Ƿڴﻷˣֺܲ⣬ûҪɣ
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˼,Ȼٷ
һ˫ϸۣڳԵúܸɾ,ɤ˵
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ףͣ,ֻס˺ָ΢΢ɿһЩ漴ֶȻø,ĥ,·ָӡ,ֻӡ
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ףߵļ,Ǽ촽,,ʵ,÷֡
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ףü,ſѪ촽꣬ɫʪ,ԥ,Ųȷζ
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ףָȻɣֻϸ֮ǰĵطסɸ
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ףһ½ǣȴûֱڿ΢΢ͣ٣Ϊһѩ׵ĲӰ¡
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һ˲ȫĶ
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ô
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ףεҲûбεʱö٣żǱޱ飬һָ̬߰ƺƲһС
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ףָ´߿ż߽
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ףһ٣ָȥ˵
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ףĲˡ
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һֱ¶ǰףڴ,Ŵ,߶ף֣Ǹҹɫкһҹ֡
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Ȼߴһ̾Ϣ,ף

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͵վݺݲ۾ķ򶨾ȥ
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һĴ¹񣬶Ȼľڷ⣬һӨĹâףС¶
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ݺ׹䡣ԭֻԼӰ
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࣬𣿡
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52 ֱֻ

ԭļȫû,ãȻе㻳Լ˼ȣ˻þ
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С㣬Ϊȴˣ´ȥҲܷӦһҪұΪ㱣ܣƴ̻㣬Σ
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ʵףãǸʧףָõΣ
ʶԷΪβǶʲôʸ񣿵ҲöԷѪ֮뿪Ĳ
ԣһʱҪţȴַֻ֣оȴٳٲš
ӡ
̾˿ҪŤͷߣ뿪̽顣
ʱһУ
С㣡Ҿ֪϶ģ
һңͷȻǴɵն¡
ն»һɫ˿˯£ҹɫҲģ˾һʰ쵵ĺڣӸСԺ֡
಻𣬱СԺǽߣǽն½棺
Ҳġ
ն¹ǣԼаƵһЦ
ӴСȻǸķǵˣɰߴԺ˰ɣúúعƣˣ
㿪֣ѹ
أ治ģܸȾơ
ն£
ôǰ˵˭ģ
಻˵
޹أط䡣
նºȻñԵڼಱǰݺݵ
ŪҾһ֮ôõ£ھԴ˵Ҹ㣬㲻ҺȾƣ¾û꣬һֵ쿪ȥŲţ
ࣺ
ŪҿԵǸҲˣ־ȥɡ
쿪Ҳնһ˵㣬ⴿ߻ĴС̬ȫ綼ҪΧתֲ裬
ն١һ
Ůˣôִ
̫ˣ⧲᷿һۣ³Ǳߣû׼˼ҡ
ö᷿ûй
ն¼̲µЩʲô֪Ϊα󷢣
Ŷԭҹ˽ǰɣ˵С˭ҵҪ˭˧񫣬ҹҲҪ˽ᣡ˵С˶˭
ˣһӳϵıԣһ߻ѹ
Ī˵죡
նԴ󳳴֣
ҳڴӰҹ˽͡
δ䣬ȻƷ죬һŶʯѸ׼ȷʣµĻȫ˸ɾ
໹ûӦɣ˴ӿ£һֻȻϡ
һֱֻ·𡭡
ߣǵЩ졢ׯŮ
Լ£ҪΣ
ͷλվӵס¹⣬ѷڷʣǶ֮ͷڣӳյͬŮɡ
ȷʵһԡׯףȻòƣȴȫͬ
һɲǼ䣬·һɬ÷ζʹֱû취˵
Ǳն¼èĸо̱
ʯѹס¶²߶ʯҵۣȴûѰ𣬷ſ˫ֶǾҾ
һԾָ΢΢һ̧ǿʯӱзɳžصڵϣѰʯ졣
ȥɣ󲻿ҲҪӡ
նһŵغˣ
ǣҪ¸ĸףɷˣ˴϶Ҽƽϡ
ָᰴ˰ļͷ
Ҫλ˵ѣôδ⣿
ƽؽԼѡɬ쳣˺üοˮ˵
Ҿáƾšá

ˣ±һʹҲΪںá
ն»һ̱ǻطϨƹ⣬ٶȷɿ졣
Ժֻ¼ˡ
¸ּңҶƬƬƮɢϮ˵ӣȴܾϤ
ּת˵
лִԣֻǡƺ붫ҸΪʶղȴΪҪң
ЦһЦѾףƽʱ̧ͷȥȴֻׯϽף˫û˿Ϥ¶ȵĺɫͫס
ڻҾ𰡣
٣ڴɣ
Сʲôô
ЦֹЦ˵͵Ҳף
ԼһֻϺӣڻϷȥĿͷֻȵɫܺ졣
Цãŵ
ѽҾļɣԶҵȻǿؼѵƷ飬ųְæն±֮ŮҹܽӦ
ࣺ
ġ
šһЦҡͷ¹ľװ밵飬ֻʣ
ѣдŶǾģǱˡ
ĿڻҰ˵
ǣģлл㡣
ֻ˸⣺
֮ǰ˵ұˣ׼˭
ࣺ
ˣҵˡԸңˡ
һջ䣬æתҪߡ
ȴһֻ֣ʲôĶУ
ôˣɡ
Ҳ˲
л
⧲һָ쵽£һαȥ
Ȼͷ𱳹ȥЦ
ѣټҺڴټ
˵꣬ⲽ᷿ȥ
ඨȥԷӨָѸ͸κˮۡ
ͺոΪĶֻԼĻһ㡣



53 һѵˮ
һֱǰһ,ŴʦǱߵõһЩϡ
˵λʮأƺ֤ഫ˵ɽ¡
Χش˵ܶ࣬д˵Ϊĺ,֮ǰʿ,ûλʿıϣλʿȴˡ
Ҳд˵֤,һλʿ,ĽԷκúնһϵ뿪,λʿҲҲ,ʿ˼ɼ,ˡ
ɽ˰,Ů,֮,λȻɫΧ,ʵġ
쵱,ʶ˾ĵλ
,ʦһͬڰ󣬽
˽Իרļ֮нƳɵĻ壬Ͷ˸,ʮ¡ء
վǰ,Ͷλ,˸Ӳɫ,ʮֿһʱǴžη
ǰʱƲӿֳһȺ,·С
Ⱥǹ°㣬ΧмһλŮɡ
һۿȥ·ʹƿߡޱȶĿľ
ȺѸٽӽĺһʹߡ
ѣּˡ
һֻѩɫ΢΢ͳԵɳǰ֮
̫ᣬ·˵飬ֺһ̵Ϫļ⡣
ʦû
̧ۣòؿ°ܿԷߡ
ŶѲԽôʧء
һ̾ʧƵĴ۽ޣëŨܵӰӰУϸϸż
ţй涨̣½⡣
оõԷߣʵһġĶա۾ͱǼ⣬һһơʵ̫дڸˣЩðȴֽסҪ졣
һ뵽ףǰƵԼǡĺ
ȴߣȻĶϡ
֮һѩ˿ڼϣߣŻ䡣
ڷ½ڵӪֻӰӱ˴˽֯Ŀռ䡣ྱޱȽӲ̧ͷ㿪ȴκһ
ʣ
ҵ㻹ô
ϴεȷһ˿̧ۣףƵͬʣ
ǹĪǡӰ
Ŀһ˿ƣҲ̽
Ĵ΢΢һ߰΢ļЦ
Ҳǡϲȥǡ
˵ţһۼֱ볡ڡ
Щ̸ϣÿ˶˼üۣ׷׺ĹϵΪʲôʲôǰ飿
һڣȴžֵܾýһˡ
ҲԶȥ̧֣Ŀڡ
Ƿ˿*ǰҴţ׼ӻ˼ҵģֻǡֲ̫绹Ǵ֮ͥ¡
俪ʼʦǽ
̶δ䣬ʦ쳤ǿʼ߳ӵݽ⣬չʶȥѰλá
ʶĴҵ˾ڣӱĿȥȴȻͷ׼ķ
͵ջʶ޶ද
һУŴҲݽϺĿĻڣÿʵСʱ֡
ңһţɽͼһƷٿţƷʯһ򡣡
ר˳񵥣ҵƷһ˾̾
ƴ֣ƴְֱƷʯô࣬Ǯˮ
Ƿɽͼ˵Ƿаǰһٵķ߶ҪʮԪӤʿͬʱ˭ܶ˰ŶˣԼá
ǲʵҺ࣬ôθôֱǡƸ񣿡
ǰɣҲ˵˰ɣ˵š
۷׷֮䣬һЯһŲ̊ź
վ÷ǳǶҼʦ΢Ц
ɻǵã֮ǰἰ֮£
һʢװף
»飬֪֮ˣ򲻿ǿȡ
תͷЦ
ŮԼ˵Ҷġ
½ڵŮҲն£˿һۼķ򣬻ùɵЦ
ߣͽࡣԴǰռһΣұʮϲ跹˼ֻȢţء
Ϊ𾪣΢΢ҡΣ̱Ҫǰȴʦһᵲס
ʦЦ⽥ǳش
֪ͽ£λĵȺԵܲһʱ꣬ضλ𸴡
ȫԼˡ࿴ʦЩж
ն¶һۣòл̨뿪
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ͷȥɾϪˮһȴϴ͸Ĥ
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ƾʲôƾʲôҪ˰
һ̣ⷱʢǰ룬ֻǰ˵Ӱ
˿ľκǣףǾ
ֻĵĴУֻҲֻܸܵм΢ͬߣǶԷоġ
ǶĶ衣
̨Ŀ׷ǵӰﶼ⣬һֻ֪˵ʲô
ղŭµ˽֪ҪȢ࣬⼾ȴˣ˾Ҫһ̡˴̼
󷽷ż࣬߹һ·˷죬Ŀбɫƽͣ·͸ø˼ɽ磬κ˵Ŀ⡣
˲ɵýĿͶһߵĳȻλ˿ɫȴֻԭţһҲֻյҧгݡ
ѡð̣пвԸ
˲վڷ£῿ڼϵʡ
ˣֱеЦ̧ۿˣԷŹ⣬üĿ䣬ȴԽԽ죬֮ǰ汻ƭˡ
΢̧ǣͬش
ޣԸúܣλԸԸ⣬һسɽûʧ͡
΢У̧һָյסĴꡣ
һϣٶĻ⼡ӵ΢ѹȥȴ⻵۵ؾ죬Էָ
񡭡һѵˮǡ
͵͵ЦЦ⽥۽ǣ
ҲԸúܡ



54 ҹɷ׽ζ
,ǱĿĻڣŴȡ
Ʋ䳡ۿŵӵıһڽҪ,ֱʤ,ñɽ糤Ϊͳط
Ϊͽླ̫,òμǰڵı,ȻЩڵĵӻᱻһд,ǳƽ,ֻμʮ˵ľ
Ȼ,ǰҲһֱڳά,æѴ˵ĵȥ֮ࡣ
䳡,䳡,㴿ˡ
ֻ˶ó,͵Ķ̨,̨¡
ÿרע䳡״,ʱ׼ֽͣʱ߱ڼ뼾һרע
𣡿ԿߣӰ𣿡
оİӰ,Ҫкüܽ,Ҳӡ
ʱһ,ֿ,ºæϾ˼
ƫλεģÿ˶óȴÿ˶⡣
ɡ𲻻ϲǸɣδй鴫,ôһھ
һ飬ҲŲԼʲôر˼ֻͨѶѣӲմȾ쳾鰮ģ
Ҳ˵ѲðɣǡʵڲĹɵģͰ
նͷһŷߡֻҪһҪڼԣͼ˵ʲôʲôҲͼѾ𼷶ߡ
ˣƽҲѹ˰ɣһвС
ն³žʴʣֻһЦһֱʾ롱̬⡣
·һ㶼ӡ򴽣Լźۼ߿ͼԶһ㣬ɶԷһ˲͸ˣ˦˦
Ҫʵڲò඼ŭ⼸ˡȻ֣Ƥ񣬹ŭҲЧǵԼԶ롣
µǣڰף𵱳˼УԾ³çΧÿζüܲ
ûüףء
С㼾С㣬ò棿ϲĻȥ棡
նһɵĽյڼǱȷֵļǰлơ˸ᳪС
鷳߿Щҿȷˡ
ûն±㽫ӷǰЦ˵
ǵֻСīҽĻرĳЩӵ¼ûأ
˵űбۿһ۾𣬼ֱָΡ
Ͼ˼ֻתͷԾ𰲸һЦ𵭵ͷһüЦЦģҲʲô˼
˶ݵϢʱ̣ǲðĶնһҪͳһЩĪ˵һЩĪĻ
С㣬֪ҽ˼ôǮڵ飬Լ֮࣬ʱ鷿һòãҲ֪νġ𡯼û飬ɢ޵Ĳôһȣ
൭һЦеɢ鵱·ãƺҲ
ҴСʲô̸йʲô룬ʲôҶ˵òã˽ҿɼˣɲĳЩأʲô˽⡣
üһ壺ĳ˽⣬Ǳκ˶ࡣ
նЩƽľٶʱ㲻ٿֻվһأɷǣƵᣬƺԸ˵Сע
Ӳ߳߷Χƫͷ͵ץͻתװûעߵӡ
ЩСÿζüúЦָжǺϤСΪ
ϣҸظңն±䱾뼾ȥƤҪȥԾϷأԼܾҲš
𡭡Ҫسɽˡ
ܾն£ͷžеڼâ˸ûڡǿ˵õģҪسɽȡأ
Ȼ֮ͥ£֯ڼεĿҡҡͷ˸ͣ㡣
ڴ˿գֻ̾µ뿪ȷ㣬ףǾ𣬱˫۾ţȷ޷ֻһС
һաڶսˣæ䳡ն߲룬Ϻò徻ˣȴڶһ˵ĳɽϡ
֮ǰǶʱ䲻ͬǣֻҪһ뵽ףڣҹ㲻ټįˡ
ҲҪЩƬˣ￴۵ľ𣬻Ƿ˿ҹɷ׽ζ
ʱѸ˵գȻֻʮˣ룬Ϊʮһˡ
һսԲ㣬ҲԵ÷ǳס
ն±Ҳʮ֮С
˼նվͬһ̨ϡ
ʱֵ磬նһľװβԺߣ˺ɫжβܴһĨ⣬ĵӢԵ緢
վ̨棬żЦģЦ¶˿ݣƽʱôᣬм꺬ζ
Ҳʱ򣬼ſԭնüпС롣֮ǰȻһֱû
ὣ֣òضԶһ֣
ָ̡
ûᣬ뽫Է仨ˮöԷٲԼˡ
Ȼն»ЦЦöеðɵˣҲٳٲó
оü΢塣
ι࣬Ҫһ㿴ˡ
ն˵гȻ˦
ǫ̂һǲǷˡȻὣ񵲣һ˲ȴ֣ǳ޲δǰ
ॡһ죬̨෽ҵͭ౻죬
ͭ죬䡣
̨ڵļƷʦһȻʶ̧ͷ࣬ѰҴʦߣô죿
ࣺ
˦˰ɣû£
Ȼ䣬ն±ֿЦ
ûﰡôϲϲ
͵Ǳȶȣ䣿Ƿ𣬶ҲҪ
ҧأֻ÷ϣһ񾭲մϾ˦ոջһ˲˧
ὣ֣
䣬óȫұԣ
ȻնѾ޲䣬̧ƤЦ÷Σ
ôأ֪࣬ģҿΪһУҵҫ~
˵Ծǳ⣬˸̨ˡȻһ̨ҪȥĸϷΪ֮ˣһж˼ǵĽĸԸܷ
̨һƬ˭ҲûϵַչͭԵСʦſڽ죬˵
ն䣬ʦʤ
Ȼʤˣȴὣֻ֣쳣̨϶ԣֻ߹ģսʤȴ㶪
նƾʲôţƾʲôһƾʲôСԶֻܡ䡱ĵλΪն¸ߣƴҲһӮ
ͶȡɵС˰ˣĺˣоԼȫûбأһֻܽܶԷν䣬ԼԷȴһ㲻
ȻʱһӰ̨ޣڷ֮˫Ÿ
ǲǺˣһ
ն£վ̨ϣȫעؿע⣬С
һ̣ȻܾǰףǸůӵ
ȻףǰˣΪĸ
Ҳ
Ƕ֣ԼԼˡ
ЦˣὣɣԷзȥ
Ǻãˣ
ſЦ⣬ʱתжһ̫ͨʽ֮󣬼ɵУ
Χ˴󲻽⣺
˵ʦ𣬴ӹ
ǶʲôҲǴѽǴ~~~~



55 ħʲôֵ淨
ھ,ŶԷǵĻȣһʱЩ㱣β,ơ
𡭡֪Ҫʲô
һ̳,أֲ,ֻͷһЦ,ݹޡ
ֻ֪,㲻ϲ䡣
Ǵףɫ,ֻ˵,һ߶,һϻش
һ,෴ֳ齣,,ৡش̳ƿ,žȥ,ͬʱͺһ
ҶԴ򣬾Ҹ
вȴָɽϸָһѹ,ǿʹǱƫȥЩ࿴,ֻһ½
Ц紺
Ҳ,Ҳ,ֻ롭㵥ദһ
򴽣̲ס΢΢һů,󶼷ˡ
û뵽õֻش𡭡ţͷ죬Ǻġ
ͺһշת֮µĽѾ֣
ǱЩأ
һЦһһнУ
ð
೤ȴǶ̨̽ϹȻսΪģɢΧҶ׷ɣúܼҡ
Ȼж֮䣬۲תֺƤʱ°볤Ʈҡ̵ǰ㲻´̽ת󳷣뻳Уӣ
ôսȴɷǺÿ
˵̨ѸپۼܿΧˮйͨǻڴܵսǹĦܹĺûᣡ
˿ſţԾҲ׳ͷҲУӦҲݣǡ鰡
̫ۡÿˣתһȦֱǡڸԷչʾԼģ𣿡
ǣôŴžͱһˣǱһʱǲǹϵ̫˵㣿һ㶼ҪӮ˼
ô˵أӦġе㿴λѣȻϷˡܡ
۷׷׵ͬʱڶշն¿̨һĻĿѣҧˡ
Լľ籾ӦԼⲻȥչԼΪԼĸŶ԰ôȫ෴Լѵж
ܲе㵱Ծôܹ;غ
ǴҲˣ㼾ǲ֣ܱܲ𶯲һ𰡣ֱ̫ˣΪϲ𰡣
ɶľն¿ˡ
Ǳ̨ϣͷѾб˳ս֣нƮƮ˵
ˣȥϢ׼һˡ
úܿģлѧһЩʵĿ΢΢ȣ֮ǰǹҲɢֻˬ
̧ۿǰǺڷףҲͦ˳ۣһЩа˼öˡ
ὣֵֹ
лָ㽣С

ָĽУýʲô
һ֪Էʹɻ飺
˼ǣ
ڸסһ˿Ц
һ֮ʦҽ㲻óһʦô
ࣺ

ʦɾڸɽͷأʲôֵ淨
ֻ˵
Ȼˣȷʵаʦ֮꣬ұһСʦ𣬿ɷ񣿡
˼Ƭ̣
ҲУСͽ
ࣺ
õģСʦȥɡ
̨˵˵ЦЦһСʦ𣬾һСͽڡ
Χ˶ˣôֱʦͽϵˣ״ӰʲôȫµǽǷʽ
УԿ֮ԭ˻ãôϲЦԷ봫еȫ˴۽磡
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Сĵˡŵɲ̫á
ͷһ۾Լϵ֣Цش
СʦϣҶ𣿡

ҸϣҵСͽÿľͺá
̵øߣ𳤽̨
Ӱֽȴǰͦξǿ֮Ѿ¶Ȼδ˰
̨ɫԵñ֪Щʲô
ն»ڷУȴԶУ
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ǳʹ˫ԪӤˣʱȻܻüԼĻӰӸֵ긴ӵĽǶϮ仯ۻҡ
ֶ֣ȴվڵأд󿪴ϣԴķԲӦ䡣
Ļ᲻࣬ÿδᣬضʹȫɽŽӰɱȥǧҲס
Ȼû֣ǳлӰƵҲˣ嵽̨ԵѪֻбһƬ½ǵļ࣬Զ׼

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׼̨ȴǱߵ͵߶ʲôΪʲôⲻƽŵϣΨһˡ
츳׿ֻǻᶼŮ˰ѳ֡
ɶҲģҪڡ
ࣺǵԼԽŮƵС˵Ƶɣⶼʲǫ̂ʰ
Ҳûǣûж°ܽźݻϰߣҪߣһӺϮ
ʲôϢܣ֮
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ȴǡ˽һѩ׻֮УϢΪ֮һ壬ͻȻͰˡ
ѪѸٽǰȾ죬һ𽥱ú·ϻ۵ɷ֮ͬڼ
𼲷̨ס࣬׻ڻת˲侹Ѫ죡
ƳһۣŵҪͣˣϽץס·ֱۣɤӱѪȰ裺
𡭡¶
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ͷһۣϤѪȥɫɫһͬӿŭۣһҡ
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ǾԪӤʿħ¡ȵȣǣ
˸˿һ˲ȴһǰ
ֻĺȭǵݺȫйؽڡͬȫжϣ֫ѪɵطɢȥʧȥʶֻԼ֫塢ظƿ
⡭ֱǱħ޸ֲıֶΡ˭ʿôɱаǲǳԴŴëˣֶαħ޶ħˣ
˿񶼴һ˿㱣飺
ǡǳһŭΪ˰
̨ǳĲ֫࣬ȻżϰգһȾϵѪۣͬѩغ÷âҫȴܡ
ڿнڻһ̵ֲֻؼĥһֻȴ滺طգΪȥһѪ顣
Ҳף۾Ѫ죬۵ףֱһ̣αװȫֻԸ࿴Լֿģ
ĺģ˵
۵ˣһ鶼



56 ħצǲϲ
,ֻԼ׹С
ǰרעһֻѤϼ,ĵ˫ɫͬ,ֲࡣ
ΪĿɫ
ϼǰ,ֻ˫۾,ЩС
,,˱ϵʹ,Լںδ
̧,Ҫȥ˫۾,Щ,ɱʯղء
ָ̧һ,ǰ˺ȻŤͷȥ,ü,͵ͳ
ħҲң
һɫħͬʸһ㣬ӵѾһʬϼٷɳž󱳷ȥڰлʮ֧׹ħצ,·һ󾪺
ڤħצǴ
Сİ
Ҳȴת,𴽽΢΢һЦ
ûµġ
Ȼ,κζ,öħצȻХͣڰУħɢ,ȴ޷ǰһ
Ϣ֮ħצѣաžһɻҽʧ
˳䲻ĹҲɻ⣬Ǿ𡭡ףʵ𣿼ԭ֮ǰԼǳս滺ǶѰ
㻹ô˴Ķ
ףȫûʲôħצעȫڼϣڰв壬㽫ᱧ𣬷֮ǰĹ۾̨
۾ֻ̨ųϼſɽ룬ʱ̨ϺȻվҲǼʦ
һۿʦ𣬼̶Σ*Ӿɲʦ𰡣
ȻԽԽǱøֳһֻ󾯸һ£ʾҪͻиµ鷢ʦǰǾͰֵ㡣
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Լʦܶ˷
лĵѴͽΪΣȥ飬Ƭ̺нϢ
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ûϵΪ˺󱲺áͺãǲչˡ
Ϣսһֻ΢µĲ󱳣Լ˵
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໹ûʶҪʲôֻһƤγľʹ۵гȴҧء
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ǡһ̨ʦƤ£
ˣҿʦǺֱ顣
ħѳһܿܳˡ
Ҳɲ٣ָشͷڼ黹û˺ۡ
ڼϻڵղףеִ磬ûʦǰ
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ԭǳĳνؾڤħצħצĳλħܵʶʸڳʶ֮Уͼȡ塣ȴûϵδȿ̫أʧ֮ܲˣԼ߻ħˣħצ޴ӣðȥ
ȻħצԭĿ겢Ǿ𣬶еļࡣ
ʦֶǼѣ츳׿ˣȾħǱħצɹ룬оڡ
ĳλųںۡ
ע⣬໺۾һ죬뿴Χ״
ľӦҲһۣԷսѯʣ
ˣɻﲻʣ
Ҫҡͷȴֻܽõ˵
ûˣǱ
̨ŲսУҹſģú˲ǡ
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һڵҲѴֻǹһۣҲҪȥˡ
չͽ
£Եˡ
Ŀھĺͼ֮ת˼Σһڳ뿪ˡ
ֻʣ¼ףڹ۾̨ϣĿԣȻоһĪķΧ
ÿһ˿һ춯úע⣬ζϼзɹɽ̨·Ⱥ죬һеһУһֻ˵Ũͻ
еǾԵĻġ
ֻǡܶ黹û˵պܹ֣ҲԣиңһͷҲû˵ס
򴽣˵֪˵ʲô
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ϸȣ촽׷ת˲㳹ױף̬һа
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ʡ
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Ȼûתȴ̲סЦһŨŨĳζ
㣿·ᣬֻᷣСʲôʸ񣿡
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ֻ֪񡭡˵ĺеҲܾѵͼûˣ
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ϻżһڷ
նüͷȻָž𣬴ʼࣺ
˵㲻ϲңأǲϲ
·ҵͻƿڣУ
࣬˵ʵǲϲ𣡡



57 ƭһ䶼Ը
ϲ
ǲǡϲ𡭡ϲף
,촽΢ţȴ˵һ֡
Լδ⣬˿̱һ,ʲôֽͱ,˻һòֽĶ,ЩȫԵĶ
Щҹ,Щ¹,ЩϵӰ,Щ齾,ҲȥһС
һƬĬ֮,˵ĺЩء
ֱǿƴƳţ
ͻ,ҪϢˡ
վǿͿ͡ն±ѺŴȥ,ڲϻͷɫ,˵ЩûҾ͵û¡Ҳ׷ģ֮Ļ
ն¹ϡӡ۾̨,֮ʱ,ȴŲ٣ÿһߵЩѡ
عֳֻˣ෴Ǳһϸ,˵ʱӡҡβݡ
˵
ն̫ˡ
ףߵǰȴ,ֻƫͷż,ϸ,̬ѵô
౻ӷ̧գ
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˵
࡭Ǹ⣬Ҳ֪ġ
ָҲס֣һЩ
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ԼҲԼĸܣֻóʵش
Ҳ֪
أף˲ͫתѸɢȥȫȾ죬Ҳ
̧ͷƣһ̬
Ǻİ
ƭһ䶼Ըء
ȴ֪Էʲôе㲻ԣſͣȴ֡û˵ڡ
ܺһεסʺû˵Ҳ˵ʱ䣬Һúһľ
֪ôֻҪף;Լȶĳˣ˻صഺǶβú˵ʱڡ
֪ⲻԣǡԷҲûиȫĻӦ
˵
˭ģ¼仰ͳʧкǰҺˡ
ҪǶԷúõͻȻҳߣҲںüϿ۾˯ڵ˿һµʬ⡣
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ףĬˣתȥƫһߡ
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ףͳŴԵĹɫ˵ĻȴһѰСӣġ
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˵
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ټҲδһʱݣɼڶԷﵽʲôλá
ӦáͨѶλãǾѱ£Լʲôأֻһദ¶ѣʵЩһеκһԱȲ
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仰ףһ仰ҹ￴Ƕ¼ÿһֶǵ
һ˿˵仰ȴҲһְġı
˵꣬Ŀ뿪ŲѸٵ߳۾̨
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֪˵࣬˵ԼĻ
ҹĻ£ɫ򣬡վԶԶȥķ
*
ڶյվھǼ࣬󱳻ˣȴ׺ݣȫƣ˿ٶ˺ѣѪ
־񼫴ĸȾڳĺ󱲵ǣӴԺ󣬼ҲΪǿһĴ˵ɽ硣
佱žУֽھطϻӶ͵ϡ
˹ھҲ̬ĮϻӴ򿪣ͷһϸĺɫ͹ƽʵ·𲢲ۡ
˽̫齣ԽɱУ㽣֮ݣǺɡ
շͨڵĳ㷺һ鶯â·һ
ڵȴ
𲻶ܣֻô˵
ע֮£ҧָ⣬һѪڽ֮ϣһѪ㱻û޺ۼ̫齣ĲҲֹ֮ͣڹ
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𽣣
лʦ𣬶лλӱؽڷС
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Щ˸һ𺰽УⳡǻˣֻѪڣ˶һͬԼ֣Ī
ȻϲԼǳ߻̨һȦѰʲô
λȴȺУ̨ϵļλм䡣
佱󣬺ܶĿ˱Ҫ뿪ˣһЩ˾ڳסա
ζˣն±Ŷ˻ȥ֮ǰڶԼģüǳ
ǾסĴһ룬˺ܶࡣ
վڷ嶥ƽ̨ϣʦһ䣺
Ǹסô
ʦûعͷܾȣ
ʲô£İ佱û˰һΪǹϵܺã˵أ
ࣺ
Ŷû˵Сǹϵã͡ʶ
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ǵʼĿģֻλŮҪѰŵĳǴﵽĿӦɡ
ȻˣҲ÷ˡ
佱񶼲Ҳʵ飬Ѫ
̫齣һ죬ҹڻصɽرüȥ
ȡ£ҹȴֹϣɢ׹⣬·Щһֱʢŵĵ
ĿͻͻǼᵽһ۵ĵ߹Ƭ׹Ļ
ϻѿţڽҹʢΡ



58 ҼҼļ˺
â,Ӱҡεĺϻϣƻã
վ,߷,ܵһֵڡӡ,ȴֲȫͨ
ԭվ˺һ,С,мķ䡣
İû,ȴһյմɻ,װż֧ĵ,˶󻨶俪,ɢ΢΢,Ǹռûá
ҹ,Ҳû,յĵȴСС,ӶյӨ
ңԽԽţ£
ںƺʲôҲ,ȴ־ã񿴵һЩɫĹâ,ˮһѶ
¶,ǼŴ󴲵ķ,һߵѯʣ
𣿡
ϤġŮڴֺܽһ㣺
ѽ
Ѿ߽ڣĳ
Ŵһ,βŴһֱѲɵƽùߵͷϣͷ̧Խᣣ¶һ˫Ѫ
ġеıֻˣŷ֣ԭԼָͦоġ
ߵĴСǼϤġָеִСŻͦС
ȴûǰߣֻҧҧ촽ٰͣβʣ
ôߣ
ףԴǰ죺
ΪʲôߣҼҡ
һʡڹ۾̨ϵһң
ôļҡ
ףԴڰ˫۾ڷ⣬ԽԽ
Ҫ޴ȥԸô
Ťͷȥ
㲻޴ȥ㲻Ǿôȥﶼԡ
ɱ𴦶Ǽңû㡣
ףƶҲе̫ȻתͷߵһԴߡ
Ҳ㡣
˵һ
ˣףѸٸϣǰͬľ룬˫۾Ȼ
Ϊʲôôң
飬飬ֻþΥߵĺڶϣ˼϶ġ
ǲ̫ҲΣա
ףһ絽ྱƤϣһļƤ
߰˵
Ҳ£ҲİɣҲġ
ţҲ޷ҳˣ
ԭ򡣡
ףȻһת
֮ǰ˵Сߣأ𣿡
̧ߣߵеεıԴܹɵһķƬ΢΢ŷɫţϸȴ̺塣
һȷʵϤߣҲǷҪεף
ûһҪ߰˵ϡ
䣬ǰ߶Ȼһ΢΢⣬顱һ¡
ʧˣվǰģû·ףǰСɽֱҪ۾ȥ
ôͻȻ·
̧ס۾С
ôˣЩ㲻Ҳô
ף߳ܣԼǰͦһ£Լ߸·סࡣ
Զ㣡
౻ôһ̲סһ߳ܵĺһ˲ͺըˣֻ̧ۿ컨壬ǰƬ׻ġ
Ҫǲϰߣ
ףһֻ֣ץסǿнקԼ塣
ȫǱȣ˱ƶ仹ܵļȵ׸ϸʸУ޻Ƥ⡣
⡭ʵ̫ԭ߽Ƶĵס
ˣ֮ǰҵĴһΣҲ᲻ˣҾúùӣɲԭҰ
ףץ֣ԼĿڣԼ
ô£ȴѾյߣļ˺
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ʶף̬ƺܳϿҡ
һЩϢĳЩұӵһߣҲ𵽺ܶãܻվ
ǡðɡ
ָ΢΢Ƿֿ֪ԼֻнеͶһ·ߡ
ϾȥЩ˼ʧȥʹ࣬Ŀò˻ᣬʧȥˡ
ףʲôӣ١ʧȥ
֪Լ̰ģΣձԵ̽ѾһεˣѵΪԼһʱ𣬾һʱ䣿
Ҿ֪ҵҡ
ף˵ԵĤ죬ʮ͡
ȻһʹסһУŷףȻһĶƷСʳƵģڼ
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ˣԶ㣬һЩ¡
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αȼ˰ͷң׷ںڰ￴ۣϸְϸ壬ϥǹؽڵλûǸߵƬ
ֵ͵ƣŵƹ⿴ȥһ˿͵ζϵ´Է塣
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ʵ̫ȹŽκεĻ
໹ڿף΢΢Цˣ
뿴ң飬㿴
Ҫܾ̫ңףһʵһԲ֣ӻһ̱̳һԲʧ
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ףһףڰй̶ɢİɫ󣬽յ硣
Ŀףϣ£ֻŶԷıǼ˵
һҪҪסð
ףЦһֻס֣СƵҡҡ
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ף˵ţ˫ڼ౳ս
ףĻůеһ룬ز뿪ˡ̫ˣĻۻļζŨƱǶˡֻҪԴС
ҹɫӰҡҷɫ̽봰ڣտӵһӰ
ɫҲԸǷֻֿڵصһӰӡ
̫ûйӵˣ޷ֹԼУаڴŶԷҲͬ磬ͬ
˭Ҳûȷſ¶Ⱥع飬ʧãҲӦ˴ˣ֮ǰκһӵá
ǡȥ̫׳ˡ
ܸоڱȣ*ߣΧζҲһһӡ
ףͷᴥͷһǣƶ£ϡֱ
ҧżĶȻڣ
ҧŶ
Żڵɳƣ
㲻ҧŶ𡭡
ףҡҡͷĶҲض
ǡ룬ҧ죬ҧһ£òá



59 ֮ʱ
ݵʱ,˭Ҳû˵Ƭռ䡣
֪ԼӦûشӦó뿪,ǡ
ƹķ,Ǳ߾֤̫Ĵ󴲣,ڰõıɫ,ﷸκ,Ա
ǰ,Ҳ֪Ҫʲô˼ֻȴֻѹףƤ,ѹָСİۡ
ЩССİ,ͷʢףŨ,ȾƸӡ֮
һ,β,
á
,̧ۿף,һɲлȼգոɾһй棬ɸɾһˣվ,Ͷ𺣣ҲԹ޻ڡ
֮,ףһ˲ͣ,һ𾪵˼,·ȫûԤϵͬ⡣
Ӧ֮󣬱ǿϲˣһ˲绨,΢΢̧𣬳һܺÿ΢ЦȣֳȴָϽ˻ȥŵˡ
ᶨѿ׳ر㲻ٺˣף˫

ףϵһࡢŮ˱˳ͷȸղſǿӲ˹ɡ
ףԼӻϣ˫Ȼſߵļ֣Σȴ˵ʻȲš
ؽߢ
һ˲˺ܶ࣬һ˲˼ɢĹ˫ϣΡ
ȥ
һӴƬȫճһ˭ҲԸſҲ˵˭
ǿҶζ˶δֻܹƾűܲƷЩۣԸŹֺ
֮УҲ֪˭ȴƽŴ̽룬һͬƹ裬ȴеĿİ
һʱվȣ˴˰żŲǰˡ
ҫ֮£ӷ·𵭵ϼǶףϱŨ㣬ڳµԴԴϡ
һͬŴ󴲣ףһɵȥֹżಱһݵŮ˱ͬ£ûгɡ
ж֮˷ֿһɲǣһߣȴѸٽϣˮ졣
ȫ·룬Žߵףϣ˸һ·ͬߡ
֮ʱףҧס⣬̣ȻȻԷǱȳлҪϸļ
Ũζ籡ֱҪ䣬ѾŨʧȥǻڶԷ𡭡
඼֪Լʲô߸ʲôֻ۲̽ǰڴɭﳹС
ȡȵȡ
ףȻ˿һЩϢŽͣ
ԣԼ֪Լӣ˼粻屻֧䣬±ͣȻǰȥȴֻ׵ףġ
𡭡ȥھҪˣ
ףһٶȼ˵
顭ֲĴʻ·˾ӣڼͷ˵ط죬һһЩǡ
̧ۿȥâ֮£ףȻǱ˸ӡ
Ⱦ޺ɫӶͷͷٵպ°ͣȫǽ޵죬ЩطҲϸСƬһƬƬһƬʺƤϣþĶǡ
˫Ⱦˮɫ˫Ǳղ죬ЩĴ
ıȷʵѾˣֱ㶵߻żĴִӴ¿ȥֱ׶ȷ
ȷʵҪˡҲȷʵһ˿ǣƿ˼һ˼ʱ䡣
ʱҲת˲ţףܿع磬ɳƵ˵һ䣺
࡭ҧ
˹ϸֱһϲԼǰãǸԵĶﱾܡ
ҲҰԳ嶯֧УǼ֣˲ع飬ԿƵıܼ˼άȨ
Сһһ£ôڳɽϷ飡룬ף
УҪҪ鰡
ƿ˹ҧףݺģոջؿһףȥԶĽ䡣

ףһͷ׷ɢãȻ޴̧ͷԼ෢Сɻ
һȴòˣ´·Ҳͱ⿪ˣңǱ´󳨿Ҳ֮
վڵѸٴ·ÿ۲ťᣬɴ㲻ˣֻ
ͷĺڷȫץһľ𣬻в鷢׷ձߣҲܲˡ
վԶŴϵİɫӰоղǷˡ
ףû裬Լȷˡ
ôģΪʲôҪȻ໹ҵڵɬѾĵף޷Լ
ںˣΪԼˣףҲһˣ赽ǰǶʣ¶٣ֻһ¶Ťڴˡ
࣬డҧ㣬Ҫ㡭
ף˵ǻûԹܣֻѾһŤǰţ֫Ťת˴룬˫ǰסľԵڳдĥĳЩλ
˫ѱͫĺȴֱż࣬ȫֱ׵ǰǿǰȷκ˶ԶԿһĿ󣬸οп֮ˡ
ƫͷȥٿգһ⣬Լ׵ľĴ꣬Ʒдζ
Ĳܰ˶קԨ
̧֣һɫָϣףĶͷ֮У
䡣
ڽҪ߻ħʱʹã˵ľ
ףŤĥĶֹ̨ͣһ˫ѪɫͫҲ𽥱ԲͫһЩ
㵽棬ϷţԼָܻÿһ㡣
ţ漴һ㿿ϣȥڵϣؿ컨塣
ʲô껹ľлζۣ⻹ڼ΢΢ָ뼡ഥĻҲڻصǷˣζΪֻУ޷԰Ρ
ɵ·̽ȥζŸոյһУɢζУ˫ˮҲֱҧؼһ䣺š
ڷ֮ڣڴͼָǣڷ⣬ȴѹ
Լ˷绯һǱ˿Լ⸱ģķӦ̲סνƵЦһ
ҲûʲôڷǰҲȥģ˶Ĭš
ֱɫûҹѾ˴룬нŲ
š֨¡һ򿪣ֱͦ˱תͷȥ̧Ͽ
ףһۣص㲿λڸס׷˳ɢ䣬ͷ
ˣ
ȿʣž壬һߡ
šղšлл㡣
ף˵ɳƣŴԵĻ죬Ǹղŵķµĺۼ
ʲôŶû¡
ǣлл㡭Ըҧ
ף⧲˵һ䣬ǰѼúΣ˵
ղǼȵġ
ף֪ΪΣҲͨһڵϣڼ棬˫ţɫ⻬ϣܲʵԼԼ¶һЩ
Ͻƿߣվܣһô·Ȳ˰ħת



60 ճʮָ
û,ֻ͵Ʒһ͵ƵĹâУԷʱ,ȴͬʱƿߡ
ҪҸ뿪,԰ƵһҹԺŶԣҹʲôûá
̧ۿȥ,ףٲȻһϥ̸ļ,ֻԱŲŲ,ûܵ
ףȻ,Щɳƣ
֮ǰ˵ҵķ,ʱΪֻһ²,ҳߺҲŷ,ֻҪ뿪,ҵķ֢״ͳͳʧ,ֻҪ㡭ڵ״ֻ,ͻᡭղ,ǡ
תȥŻ谵ǣ
ӦǸƵԭ򣬵ûܳװγƣǶӰ졣
ףĲƮ,ûз
ţܰɡǡ֮ô죿
಻֪ʵʲô
ʲôô죿
ףֱ˵
Ҳߵ,Ҳߡ
൹ûҪ,ⷬ,Ҳѡ
ףֻҪסһ𣬾ͻԷڵ⣬ɡסһ,˫ֶġ
ף»Ϊݸ鲻ʲôʣҲáʲôҲգܹǷŲµġ
ʣ
ĲܿԼķ𣿡
ףܳϿҵػش
ֻҪҧ㣬һܿסģʵĵصʱŷ顣ҪղҼ޷ƣҲˣҸղ״̬ܲԡ
ʱ˫۾ĳ̶ȣѾȫ˻˶״̬࿴ú
ˣ𰸺֮ˣ
ȻԺǱ־룬һ취㰲ȫȹڵġ
ףеźҲܣ˵ͷ˵
ǡҷĵˣ𣿡
˶ԷһۣƵƹﻹܿԷ׵Ĵ꣬ô컹ûȥɼԼ֮ǰ˱ж
飬ͷȥ
ҡΪѣᾡ취ģ˵һȥѰһЩԴµ
ףȴȻչӰӸ߸£סҰ
ţ
֪˵ģ
ĬȻԼΪ
ȷʵû취ʲôŵ˶̧ۣףӸµݣǱɫһ
˵
һᾡǡû취ŵʲô
ףüһͬȥҲƲʮʧƵģȷʵûʲôҲֻŶһվˡ
ȥĶ
ѿڶ
ȥ
ףһ߻شһߴš
Ȼ˿ѺҹɽսǶûš
ףӣԺ͵£ͷա
ͷᣬҲ߳ȥף֪࣬Լ
˱㰲ĬţһͬǿաķҹûУ֮·ֻ
нĺϻҹﲻʱ˵ŭš
࿴һ
˵Ҫϻһ𿴵ˡ
ףҲǿȻһЦ
ǡ𵱳һ㶼£һˡԭʱ˰ʦ֮ꡣ
ͷҲ죬һ֪ףҵҲһӵ
뵽һνǣǸɡ棬Ѫζʵڲá
ƫͷŵ̽ѹ·±ؼ
˵ҪȻǾͰѽ飬ǵһΡǣòã
ףͫҹɫнɫǵ㶯˵Ĺâһڣ
ʲô˼
ࣺޡǹŴûнִʻ㣬ֻúܾȵѳζǣ˵
ǣǸղ֣졭
ף
ꡣ
㣡û
ȻӦ֪ʲô˼Ȼװ֪Ϊ˿εؽ̫ͣˣ
ԣ֪ͬ⽫Ϊǵĳǡ
ףЦһż࣬ͳ˵
඼ȥˣⲻǺܸܶоԴӱɾԺԸ軵軵ġ
ףǷǳ˵ġתֹץס֡
ǳţ΢΢һӴëͷһըҲ˲١˵òҪӴ𡭡
ףȥԼֻм䣬ֱС˯ƵģҲϡ
ϧظֱָֻ֣һ˵Ҳ᣺
Ҫллѽôݣ֮ǰҳߣʵеģңǴνҲúÿ졭ȷʵҲԣӺСܲҡڿҲûңǲǣ
ſڡЩʧȥףʱ䣬ԽԼ⣬ֹǲף
ҪӸ϶ҪôϲԼҲס
ֻҡͷ
ûУҴû㣬Ǵɡµ飬ҵʱֻ𾪣ԭˣΪ㰡Щ
ӴָóЩѪһҲСԺһһ㽫ԼָѪƳСƿûü͸ףԷͲǶˡ
ǡѪôôࣿ
ףǰһʮСƿŵѪζ𾪵˫ͫվһƿϸ
ЩѪƿԺµĻҲߣҲЩˡߵҩ
ಢԼѪ;ܹõϡ
ô࡭Σûл䣿ǣҪ˰
ףѪƿæȥ࣬ϸϸִԼĴ﷨ѰҲƷ
ţֺȻһ٣漴ֳָһССӡ
ѳ⣬ƹӹŵĶü࿴÷㶡
ǾȻ͸ףģԼ̵ֵС߹ҼǣӡģСںһҹɾ޴εףˣô
ϸȥҼɢ˿˿ƵĽɫ
죬ȥîһɽϵ飬ȫˣӣۺ»صԭӣȻ󡭡ҽΪ
ף˵ţؽǹҼԼϣ˿˿ƵĽɫС߷·һ㣬
࿴ǹҼС̫ȥֻ迴һۣ׷ӿмܣۿʪ
Ǳߣ̫
ףȻ򶫷ɽϷƺƺͷ¶һɫչ⣬ǧ
Ư
˵ţȥףס
һͬճճĹ֮£ʮָա
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ոæҪȥܽճʸʦۿ
æһ죬ȥʦ˻㱨ܽᣬɫѾڣʦȴס˵л˵
๧̻塣ʦ棬˵
֪ħצθʿϣ
ҡͷΪͻȻ£
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κһڷݣħϣֱħߣǷҲɹʢɳԣƭ֪
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ʦΣֹ̾˿
컯ŪˣĽԼͨŹȥȥɡ
ǣ߳ɻسɽ
ڶһ磬ӵţɴʦɽ
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ףɽô죿
ף˵ͦƵģ
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룺
ôȥþ𣿡
ףҡͷһЦǣ
ſɶˣýʶʶˡ
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ۣȻʹ׶ࡣ
ףװ
˭˵ʹˣһŮأǺÿ/ɶġ֮ǰҼٽŲŶŵĳ취Ҵﰲȫ˳ȥ



61 ϼ
ԭ½֮,뷲ͬһƬ½ϣֻط󲿷ֻɽڻ,ȴҲȥѰҵԵ
ȥС,õεȥ伯һǰƷȫšƷʱ,õһ,ڸƷʱѡ
ͬʱ,Ҳõһʦ,дһд֣Ļ,Եڶ,ɻӡ
ͺ,ʦҪСĻ,ȥѰһԵ,üŻ
ʰЩ,Ҫ,ǰһӰչ
ʦ㣬Ҫһִĵ޵ӣҽн,ʡǼʱѽ
⽭Բ󣬸ͷС,һ˫ɰ,ɫС,һƷĳ˷жĶ̿źü«ҩƿ,Ŵӡ
żҪ󣬵ǳɽжҲΪ˱Ұȫʦ̫ûţˡ
λγɽͬˡ΢΢Щͷۣ»ñܿѡ
Ҳֻƽصͷ
ʦúáǡîʱʤ̨߼
ʤ̨ŵӳɽλãЦˣ
õʦ㣬һ㵽㣡
תȥʱԾվԭض֡
һʦã⵹Ҳ̫󡭡˼ţصɽϡ
ԶԶ㿴һϼϻ籡ŭţֻƳĻϲ
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ʱʱ̶СԺֱ޲ÿһУܿЩؼףۣɵ˴˿̣Ժǰ鲻ǰˡ
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ìܣһ˰벽ɫϼֻƬϼبף֮䡣
࣡
ԥһӰ㱼Ժţɫ½֮䣬㱻˸
ף˫ֽסĺ󱳣Ϸ΢̾Ϣ
㲻ڣҽį
ͲѣȾףȻֱӱԼոЩԥ
Ҳ֣أֻ±Ȼţסףĺ󱳣ش
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ףСɷ˵䣬һڣ漴һĺ
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ߡ
ࣺ
㡭Լ𣿡
ףֱ׳
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û취Ժſֻһֻ֣סף
ףȴӣأ䴵һ
±㣬ȻҪȥˡ
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߾ãȡ֫Ӵܶ顣
ףȻ̫ˣŤŤȥżغһʾԼĲֱݡ
˺úõذϣվ
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ף⣬Ťһ£һŤȥֻһӣȫαҡš
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ڶǰϣ˫ֹصطϣ·ףʾȷˡ
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ףѽȻŲ˿λ÷źãЦЦ˫۵
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ףɵúش
ʲôѽû
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ף̧ס죬״
ѽضôףҵСͽҪ·ϰ
˱ۣ
û㣬ֻǿѣ֮ǰ˵ñ־ġ
ףȻһԼ˫ȣЦ
ڱ־ѽ㿴೤㲻ϲ𣿡
Υĵ
ϲջȥ
ףŶһȻ֮Ƭ̼࣬һ˫ȾΪһ壬һβ
أϲô
оԼ˫űԲεββѾ½֮ڣǰҶһ⡣
Ȼһס½󣬽βԼؿ֮䣬ֽȥβץݺݵɶˣ
ջȥôý𣿡
ҪˣףŽβջȥһȦһȦϣһߵ棺
׺ףСͽǻˣСͽϲý
ҧ
˵
ף˫Ͷ״һ˫
ѽҲ˵ˣòã
źһֻ߻֮ԽԹ̣ܽ⼸һЩٰÿζǵꡣ
˿ףߵӣϣ˵
ཫɽ֮˵壬Ҳᵽʦİţ*޾ϸ˵ˡ
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ȫ˵꣬ףͷֱֱ
ҲҪһȥҶ
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ҲһȥĻҪƻɽϸˡֻҪ֮⣬ܰҵϢӦƭɽ󡣡
ף⻰۾һУɼͫԴһߣβҲŵȥڵһһصذڶ
ʣ
˼ǡң˫/ޣ
ࣺ

˲û



62 ɽҵ㽻
εƳһף,һ㣬ڵȴǣ
ࡣ
ף΢٣һһ,·ɺϦ,ϼûͫʣԲá
,ǵͳɳƵ˵
ôڿʼô
ࣺ
ȱ,ϸϸ˵
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,ףñ̬,̶ΪͨƷƭ󷨵ġΡһء
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仰˵AIݿûиƷ,ݿⲻǿ,ȻȶԲ
,ףԸӡԼ꣬󽫽ӡġԿסڼУȥԺɼѰƧط⿪ӡףԴ,ȹһء
󣬵ףӡ꣬ҪԼֳһѪڣע⣬ױԼһ֣αװһķܶȹۻһء
˲һʧ뿪ڡ
˵꣬΢΢ͷʾҿ϶
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ôҪҪСʦһǷһ£

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ҲǼ԰ǹ;
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Լʶشʵ뷨
ôأڴʦ㣬ߵȥأһҪڣеԭóеΣΪ²Ϊ˳ҵ
ʲôΪֻΪ˱ףҲĸף߰ʱ򽫻ɽһףû취յġ
仰һףĬȥֱɵϵص㣬Ҳ˵һ仰
뽭Ϻ󣬼ԺкȻðף
ô죬Ǻ㰡
̽ףĺۼˡ
ףнӡ֮䣬ʱ˿̣ûףڣȡ



63 췭ظ
ȫȻ,վԭأԼ˵ˣȴֲ֪βȡ
ôƫƫʱ˵ءп,һҪźá
ʦ㡭ʦ㣿ô
Ŵ,عҪһͬɽĽ,˫ָһŵҩ,Ҫ
û,ôˣʲô
ֵ̧סͶι,ϸǵҩ,ֻҩͨغɫ,ѰҩҪһȦ
Ŷ,ƵĻ,,ղſʦ˻һ,ŵҩ,ɶ֢ϧʦȻԼˡ
ŵҩ«ҩȥ̫ˣ˺һ«,ͨһײ
ˮƽ
ʵʦþڽ,Ϊ,Ǻܻ,򵥵ĻҲô
ŶŶԣʮƷҩ,ߴγѲĵҩɶҩеղƽ⣬ٺ١
ɿɰһͷЦ
֪ˡȥʤ̨ɣԺĵҩԵʹãʦ޳õҩ
ɹʺͱɶҩĸʵ̾ΪֹҲһλ˲ţγɽеÿˡ
ţˣʦģһõҩģ
صͷǺӡ
ʤ̨еӳɽĲͨҲǻɽһڣ̨ÿսӰأϻɽв顣
˵̨ǰһӾĽ飬Լͷ
ʦͨ뻤ɽףɽ˳
ͷվһ̵Բ̨棬ܵȰӯܣǰһ͸ĺϣ·û򿪵šǻɽˣĻ죬ȴ˹׼ȷ
˫ִţֻ΢΢Ӳ
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ζͨˡǰ˼ԼѾַ߳ΧжʱһɿС
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Ժ˻ӦЩϰߣţףڳ˵ʲô
Լķ𣿻ǻ٩Լôţ治ʦ㣿
ô˵أŰʱûûеˡ
ŵҲһ˿ζֻԼƷζ
ʦ㣡ඣ伯У
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Ǻ«Ѹٱ󣬺ֻܿСϺ««ӣĵһקǺ«㡰ಡһ˳ȥ
ں«ϣͷЦź
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࿴һĻֹɽķ𡭡ȻǰٻŰ
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·ɽƣ翣һɼ˳伯зȥǡñ
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˲һ·̣ʱȥ
һԭʼ֣࿴׼ǰһϿȣԽ˵
ҿΣħŰŽϽҵȥ̽պñʦ䱸㲻
⻰ȻȻ𾴣Լ
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໹ԥҪҪѡףԼͷͳɳƣ
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ףòĲƵ
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64 Ϊߵ
Ũ,һ˿չ⣬޴˷غУзް
Χʵ,һ˱˴˶,ȴ֮Է֮
˲Լͬɿ,վ,һʱ˭Ҳûж,Ψ½ϵƮ·,ŷԶ,һһƮ,˴˾֡
࿴ףձһư׷,,Ȼֱ,ԷһƷ˿,Ҵ
ף״ر,·һ񡢶⣬ڱڼȴǾλõ
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ףҲ֪뵽Ķȥˣ̫˵ӣս
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æҡͷ
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ף۾ۺϳΣյͫ
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ף˵ű΢Цˣ·ںڰпǸԼЩС
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뵽˴Ȼǰſ˫ۣԾŵ÷ǳ᣺

Сߣٷ룬ο
ףۣܲɫţѸǰԼͶ뼾໳֮Уصغһ
һΪֱߵء
šǿԼվźÿҡԺȥ˼Уûˡ
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ֱըװĽѣʶԼղžȻ˯ˣڲϼ죬Ȼѽ
Լģô͵˯ţҲ̫רҵˣѣϽ۾ȥ
󣬴ʦ㣬˰ôȥôãҵȵżԼ˯ˡ
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65 ֻ
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ջڲṩʳ˵һƬ⻬,ֻʿʶ̽,ܿдǡɻ¶ɹȵʿ֮
ջҲκεС̨ûϰ,˾Ҫʲô,һƵľͷΪȡ,Ҳֻܴ,Ϊ˷
Щܶϱī,īų,ЩÿҪʮƷʯ,ɼջǷ
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ʶ棬ԭһʹףװô񣬻ӵôĴ˵¡
Ҫûʱ䣬ͦףѾĴ˵һ飬һףκΰԣǳȤ
ڡջ˭ףҲ˭
ܶ죬˵϶ȫЩӪġ
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תͼоǸڹ̨ϵơ
ʶ̽룬ֳһ֣һдšʮ˲ַΪϰߵš


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ϻŮӣʲô߰ġо·߲ͨҲûҪϰǮõ伯򣬱߳˿ջ
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λѣǴڴѾõͷϷŵӵĵһҹλµӸǴͷ𵤾ΪΪͻƶתͶȵֻԵܵŮɶλ͹뿴
̨ϴĻ£һڰ󣬴Ļֳ̨һŮ˵ڼӰκϸڣֻܿļ
ʼ赸Ϲŵɫ߿ת೤ξ
޵ˮСܽľĩ
ƹָ̬ļӰϸת绨չһɶ£ֱ˼Ļȡ
½貽Ծµĺü㷢费ʱ΢ġһ·ûÿͷ
ජ̨ϣ޷ƿߡΣ赸ǲתÿһ㶼𡭡
ϣ̫ˣ̨
Ī롭Ī֪
ֽ/Ӹ߿̨ϵӰһͬתԾ𵽰Уױڱâ¶һ߲Ӱ
Ķֱרҵߣÿһջ󶼷ӵ£ĸ֮УֱһˡֹЪŮ䣬һŵµĻ׹̨ϡ
ҮҮ
ãʾף
˶Ʒ
̨˺Ȼվ𣬷ָ̾糱ˮȥû˴̨С
类̨ϵ˽סѩ׵ķ裬ŵ¡
ҲŻ۹ǵģ¥һ˿΢΢һȴûѻӳȥֻǶ̨ǵڻеϸ
ҳһƷ
ǣҳƷ
ʮƷ
ʮ
Ѿڽмˣǻ֮еĿ֮Уڻ̧ͷվ
һᱡ£ɴ׷ɷ裬ݾҫۣ˫ǺѪɫԴһȴ߰ĸо
ɨ̨һȦҲ֪Σֽм۵ȫһ˲мͣˡ
˵·ò壬˵ૣ
Ǵ˵Ⱦɫ
Ҳ˷ӦУ
ҳһƷʯ
𾪵ô˵
ʦ㣡ǲǷˣһƷʯ׷ˣ
Ȼתͷȥʦģһ
ֽ߬סǣҪ̴ľһҧ촽Ŀڳһζ̨ϵˣ٣΢΢
ָϵĴָ¶Ҫȡʯ˼ˡ
ʵ
ʦ㡭ĪǡҲ뾺ۣ԰ɣҪȥ᲻ɡ
ûлش𣬹ǽڷףָָֻĿɽ̨ˡ
ˣǾãʦ㲻ڰɡǿµĴʦ㣬ôΪɫ
мԽԽߣѾֻʣ¼ڴܣΪ̨ϵ˶һǧ
˰٣
Ű٣
һǧ
һǧ
ݵͣ٣м۵λҪӮˣӮҲãλȥ˰ɡ
ңΧһŶò
ֻĴʦ㣬첽˰ᣬе
һǧ壡
гϸм۵˷ߺ޵һߣƺǷˡ
ѸպȵĲˮ³һǧƷʯʦҪܼɣôΪ˺ǧ˰
̨ϸУ
һǧһΣһǧΣһǧΣûټӣǾ͡
ҪСûֱͭ࣬ۺȻ˰ס
˶ƢεЦһ
ǺǺǡ
תϼߣʺѪ
ڣɤɰת
ұ㲻Ǯҹȣ׬ˡ



67 ȥ
豭顱һڰ,ˮһء
Ҳ̫·תˣ
Ϊ˺ǧĴʦ㣬ȴõⵥʲô
Լ̫,⸴ӵĽ,ֻվڴʦ󾲹䡣
Ĵʦôԣͦεվ,ȴ΢΢ж,·Щ,ȴҲĬԡ
̨ºǰҵİڴĿ,ȫڼ,Щ̺Ĵ֮,ġ
ֻ̨λ׷,ֻߡ
˶һЦ,ȴ,գգۡ
̲סҲһ顣
,λҲһĻ,֮תΣȻƴЦ
ȻɶλӣǱҵӾʵڶԲסλ˼۵Ŀ͹,Ұ
ｫ½ҹ,ϻȽ,Թ,ȴҲ췦ˡ
߸վڶ¥ԵΪߣ¥ֻһƬͻƽ̨,ˡ
ӺȻ̧ͷĿϬࣺ
λ͹٣ҹɷɶһЩ
Ϊ𺳣̻֮أʻֱӵϽʦı飬¶Էͳ¥ˣھôʦʲô¶пܡ
Ȼֻ΢΢ۣش
Ҳ
Ѿͷɥ׼ߵĿ⻰ʱ𾪵ûͷҲˣʲôܴʦҹҪ˹ҹ趨ˣôֲˣ
ô˵أڽޣ޵Ĵ˫Ҳϡ棬Ϊʦֻһ˶ѣһ룬ȷʵԡ
ӿһ𣬴ʦ״̬ͺܲԣǾʶ
ӷǳ˵滰
Ϊ뷿֮£͹پɶ飬Σҹɶˣֺŵͷһҹ
һ󴮵ĸл˴ζ᷼
Ŀ֮£ɶһ̧ӯط϶¥ƽ̨Ů·ϻƬƬ꣬һ·ɢȥ
̤϶¥ӷ⣬ȴֻƵģ쿪˫ֱҪ˽໳
˫ð⣬ͳӰһĻʵ̫ˣ˵һ䣡
Ȼȴ飬ԱתһӲ˸ա
ļվȣü΢壬ŵ˵
ǲ鰡
߹ȥȴֱ㿪

ʦʲôҶŮûµİ
࿴ŮŮۻأ
೯һۣ
ȥ۹ǿͨϢջ¡
ãȻڣ
ǸϰղŲ˵ʲôֺϷǡ
ٴĻ
Ҫͨ䣬Ǽ䷿λס
ɶԷԼʼ磬죬˸ۣڱԹƵģӶΪֽ˹֮ס
Ͼϲλˣ˵
ǡʦҪõŶˡ
һߣ̰˸磬翴΢΢תһ仰ǣ
ףšָʲôã
ɶף˿̧⿪裬һźС۴ӵɫɴ¶׻λεĹߡ
ŭ⣬Ц˵
㲻ͦϵģԸóһǧʯҡ
ҧָ꣬š½ǣջ죬һ˫۾ʹ棬ǳ˵Ƶġ
ףս׷Ѿ⿪ٲƵɢȥڼͷ
۲켾ı飬ȻܸƵһЦ
ʵֻǣ뿴ұߣǲǣ
ȥܱƵ³һ䣺

ףԽԽЦſ˫תȦ׷׷òżߡ
ôϲϲ֧裿ұ˺üģòÿ
ĿԱߣȥǰɴᱡ֫˵
ÿҲϲ̫ḡˡ
ףЦøģһ̧֣ϼ򣬽յϣ
ҿϲúأ
˵꣬ûȼ߳ŭ欵תȥֻһǺǵĵЦ
߬ȭͷˣɿףߣԼҲ߹ȥ£
ǸϬøҽ⿪ˡ
ףץź죬ں¶
˴󿪴ϵĶҲһ鶯ζ˿Դס
Ŀⲻɵǹɻĺϣ̶̼룬ʱ΢΢ԣæƿߡ
ף꣬šһش
üѽȥ⡣
౾˵ԼȥǼ䷿־û壬ףһͬģֻ˵
ǵȽǾȥ
ףɢһ仨֮ǰȴûӳȥһ䣬һǳ廨ףժһ仨ǶԼ䣬Ц
òÿ
಻òһ¿ˮ˼߰㣺
ÿġôȻôݣúϻںܡ
ô
ףŷҡΣĿ񿴹ȥ
һǧ꣬ʲôףջҲǡѡ֪Ϊ*ʲôô򵥱Ź𣿡
ǰǾ仰ֻרעʣ
ѵԸ
ףЦˣ
ôܣΪҪҵ˫޹ԪӤʿأ˯ԪӤ壬ʯʲô
һʣû뵽ǿӣھ뷨
ҪʵʲôףȻһָߣ
ꡪˡ
ȻĽ֮⣬
ʿ͹٣ɷҪȥǼַΪ·κ󣬶ֱӸᡣ
ףһۣףͷֳ硣
һ˲䣬ףֱɶûͷƵпڼࣺ
ѽʦôˣϤء
ͬʱԺдף
Щɡ
̧֣ظİ׷ָڷ䣬Ҳ֪Ƿܡ
Ӵ󷽿͵˵
˵λѿͨǺأĪϷ⣿
ף˵
ѽʦҹضһ䷿绹ʦҪ𴲲Ƕأ
˵ţ㽫˫۲ϼ
֮ǰǵĶ˿ȴڳӲһľͷɶԷԼʩΪ
ֻÿڣ
Ǿ͡ǾһͨˣҺȥַ
ӸƴЦ
Ǳ㲻λ۹̣ܽҲģͲòΪ׼˾ϲһڴˣȹһҹ



68 ϷҪȫ
¥ڻвٿ,ȫ߿Ӻλ˿ĵòӡ
λĿĺϻµ,˿Ѿһһ,ȫϣֲ,ž,·һԶԧ졣
ڽҹ,ڵ֮,Ҫʹ˴ȥˡ
൱ȻʶЩĿ,Ҳ̩Ȼ,δʲôٶ
̻֮ؿ˵۹ⶼҪ,ڱƲ´ˡѵ˭ܵſڸ淢ɣ
Ц˵껰,ơ
˱ȳȥ,һ̨,һ·,Լʮ¥ĸ߶ȣ̤һյСԺ
ǵֺϷˣϣסκҪſڵ,κʱ䶼˵ġ
Ц棬Լ˵,Ŀףӹ,ؽָ,Цݸ֡
ȻԼλµӵıʮ⡣
Ŀת뿪ûף,ȴ
ˣˣ÷ſˡ
ףָȴ½һһؽ⿪´ӣָ´ȥĻ
Ϊ˾˰
ףյߵ˵
ţ
Ȼ˵̻֮صϰ嶼б׻ֵز֪
Ǻϻڵĵ̣ǻ鱨⣬أ
ףһקµһ´Ҳ£ǼԼȴ򵥵Ʒ£ף
ףϵɫɴɫ졣

ףףһֻȥϵĴӡ
æߣԼҲקǲ֪ء
ǰֺŵϷȻÿ䷿Զİ¥Է߸˴˻ţȥҲ˽ԡ
򿪻Ľ̴ľ߽ȥ۾Ȼǻ԰֣ɽˮһ٣ֻźĴá
ƹ磬߽ȥ෢ûʶľ̾
Ŷɵġô
Ŀڰ֪ôõĸƷ
ǽٲȻӴĴ//ͼϰһƿŽɫ컨䣬˿˿ɢֵû´ĻӦǴõ㡭
Ա߸״صӣŴ//ͼĴĹ齺̫ʦΡ˫˵ʣӶĸƷ
ۺ򣬶ҵõĵߣĳƤ
ȻΪĿģǷһŴ󴲣ֱϷƸ꣬ⴲʵӴ󣬳ĬʾһЩ
ȫ̲סˣŤͷߣطһ붼ˣ
Ȼֱ۱ףקסҲ߲
߳ȥ˾Ϳѽʱǻôѽ
ףɶεε˵е̫塣
㻹ںϻڻȥˣ
ͷŵؿ
ǡֻǣǽӲɣҿܶͦ鷳ģҲԪӤڣд۸ӵıǾסĺá
ףͣٺܿ죬˵һ
ƭҵİɣ
ɣƳһףͼҵѵĺۼûԸ
Ҹƭ㣿ôԼҲܶ
ף˿ɫ࣬Ŷĳϳ£Ψһˡ
ǣڡҪʲô
߷ףקԼ´ָϣ˸ƿһƳһöƣַǳεŲ˻ףϡ
ȻһϷ˿˰
ףš΢߶ϣֱ˼ȸԾ
ʲôϷбҪ𣿡
Լϧȥ޴ӣˡ
꣡С㣬
ףȻ̧һָڼഽϣ΢۵Ц⣬ҲŪǲ
仰ȷʵǴӼԺдģʶԼΪ˱ܡ
ȴüɫ죬ʲôҪܰ
ףزѪɫ
ȷʵ顭ԹԱ죬˵ĻԺлһ飬ȷʵЩ
伯ֵطô¥ض۸ӣɴŭ
ǡϷҪʲôϷͲ̫
ȻϣӦмڣǵÿʼˣȻԷɡ
ףԺ˵ǳ
ͬʱǰɴµȻЦ
ӴҵСŮֵطˣ㻹ʲôȻңҹң~
ЦӸǻ֦ҲָỮգһ
ɬѣվԭأ·һľͷ
ػѽҪң
ʶף˴ߴ١
ķ죺
ҡ
ףĿȵشߴָޣĴ꣬ڴƵ˵
ҡûкߣֻǲ̫ᡣ
ȥˣþȫֻ˵ôһ䣬ԼɰͰ͵ģ˿ûϷ츳
ŶǺǺǺǡ
ףЦĵЦҲҡڣ֫һš˫ֱϼľӿ
Ȼã~
ÿֶƤģ۶мȶе㷢
ôˡȥϣȥϣϲʲôӵһģܸܸܣһģȴܿ羰еƹ⣬ϲʲôģĻǰģͰ
ףŤ֫߿һЩ̧֣Щڷܵҹ任ɫΪһˮ죬Ҳ˲٣㿴Щ۵װˡ
ǲݵ̫˵㣿
࿴ٲȻɶףƿߣˮɫĴ//ͼϣʶиԷ˵
ô᣿ûʼأΪ鷳
ףһۣʶлش
𡭡

ףѾȥ˴ϣԼϴȥǶҹȡ˵ţ
Ҿ֪ϲһĻǰȥˣ
໺ڴ߱ϣֻ֮һȴ˵
õһô尡
ŶѽҲˣַŻȥɡ
ףһ˦֣ǿַŻȥˣͷ弾üһЦ
ûǸ˼һ˵
е㼱ôŻȥˣӽȫֱŴΰ
Ҳð˵˭֪᲻ڿ
ɣǸҹ͵͵˵Ĵ𣿡
Ȼҵİ԰ϷҪȫס
ףתһڼϣЦӯӯ֣Լɴ»£
ˣҰɡ
ҧأѹɤӣɼÿ£
ԼѡѸҿ
ǺǺǡ츳ôͻˡҿʼ
ףȻվźŽţڽɫ˿񴲵
ˣ֧裬һΣҪ۾Ŷ~
֫ڣɴ»¶Բ򣬻嶣죬ףڹзۣ΢գк֧߳

ʶ˵ȴûƿߣרעضţŹκһ˿ϸڡ
ĵȷȷΪ赸Ը˷ѷֺ



69 Ϸҧӣ
ƹ
ں˿޴,ĬתӰ任ǹ,,ղ
ָգԼĺ촽,ȴһ,ĵͬȼյĻ,һһڴΨһĹϡ
Ҫһͬȼ
ڷ,·Ϥ,ЩһֱŵĴζһ,ݿ,ȼա
̨Ͽÿһϸ,˿̶赸֮ȫȫгǰ,ЩʮԸ⻨ʯҲû,˿ȴֻΪš
΢΢,ʲôҲû˵ڶԷֽ°Ϳסŵʹչʱû
ôˣĿˡô,ǲô
ףЦе˻,ָ°,ӹ´
û,Һ⡣
̧ӣɫ̹Ȼףδ
ôҪġ⡣
ףָᰴסϴ,סǿűϸСĴ飬Ħ
ЩϢףָϣ˵ȫǹ̡
ֻѩ£һƵĲǲ֮ϣһӡ
˿ôɣɲ԰ָĦֱ鰴ͨ죬ϴҲųѪɫ
ǸʻɫΪŮͼ㾦ǾĻֽףŻʣ롣
ף빴࣬˿ȴݵߵŮڹ
ʲôû˵ֻϪһ

һ˲ףϴ
˱ǿͨĴ飬ҧӣңҧסһŲΡΡĹӣÿһ۶ֻ
͵رһɴƿɫףƿ˫ֲ
ˣ
ףƿδĹζڣ⣬ܹ⻺촽࿴
ˡʲôط
ɫѵý꣬Ŀƿͼȥ۾ֱе빴ôֲֻ̧ͷǿ飬ʶ˵
ңϷҲûҪݵز
ףȻƵĹ˴ǣ˫Ĵ΢΢ſֻʶ˵ȴҲţ˵Ĵͣ
ǣݵıһϷ޽Ӵɡ
ɫۿɼֺЩ۽ޣëһˮӰɫգɫŨҲ١
ǡݣȰõ
ףµؿָһǿӱڴ£һԡ
ϧӹԴ̫࣬ϵĹԴȥб𴦸ӵĹ⴫һһ㣬һƬһƬˮ뵭໥֯·һƬˮĺ
ˮ캣ףббŵţ˫Ȳ֪ʱһŲϣ͵͵Ľס
Ь࣬Ǵ˿ڴϸ΢ʯײϸĤ϶̫
֮ˮʲô壬߿ȥ۵ף
Ҳֻ˶̶̵£ĨȹʽǳźɫˮбԻõ죬ͷȶ¶˳
ֻƳһۣͷֻǰִŸӴ󵨣Ǻϻڵ½ӡ
Ь࣬¿ˮϴȥܲڵؿף
ҡˡ
ôһ˲䣬Ŵе̫ˣںɫҡҡλεĴڴǰǱֲסƽ⡣
ףЦƬɫΨһ˸ĺ챦ʯҲ·ꡣ
ԣôϤ㡣
ǰ˼Ȼͣüͷʣ
ûоãеΣ
ǴĻΣղŻΪԼе΢ǡ
žԱϵĶһµףֱҡεķ䣬Ƶģ
ѽĪǵ治ʱ򰡣һ뿴ʲôء
ʩ´Ь࣬´ȥԽЩˮ԰ֱ֣ſڡ
ףҲ򿪴ţһͬԴ⿴
ⷿڲԳɽ磬Ų֪澹ȻѾҳһˣʮ¥ڿռսϷѤڵ¥յѩ
ЩԭԸյֺŵ죬һսĳöᣬüҲ˳̽
Щôǡ¥Ĵ֣
ף
һǸ˭
෢Щںмһս
һ࿡ˣ˿ϴѪۣ·볤ɢңǳȻһͷݰĽɫзƺҲѰͬϸ˼ۣȻһ

ϱ㱻ףסף
˵Сˡ
౻죬۾һŵؿսл̻̲
Ŵαͷмðһ˫䣬Ҳβͣһֻʨ
һĻֺŷĲٿĿ˷̾˽
ǼֵǺĬ˴Уʨʱһר磬·ͷȥ
ʨͻЩ־һЩвϣܿ㽫Χ£
ʨսߣǼһƷµ䣬ЩʱӳʨаסǱһ㣬ˡ
ȿֻʣһЩನʱӲ֪ĶٿȻ֣վڿжһ֣Ц˵
£ոҵȷһֺŷв䣬˺¥ڵӣǱ׽ãѱϣλϢʵΣλͰЪϢ⣡
⿴һߣ֪ʲôЦݸˣԼ๰һ֡
ͷһףȻԼɫ׳ģЦʲôˡ
æӻһתŻطشϡ
һĻոЩ컷Χһɨգ˿Ķţֻܿף
ʱ˿˽˱ף֪ʲôģףҲˡ
Ǹʨô
ҲӦûᱻȻ󽫽Ƥ⾡ȥз۰ɡ
֮ǰöҿЩ˺Ӷֲֵӡ
⼯гûĴţ¥ҲרӦ£Ǻоġ
㡭ղûȥ
Ϊʲôֲʶ˵ףܹ鲻֮ͬ岢⣬棬Ҫݣ¶ˣǱĽ
û˵ֻؿףɫͫһˮĵ׹⣬˸
ף۲мЦһ
ôû뵽Įͬ⣬ô

໺ҡͷĿף
νĮ顣
Ȼü۽ǣǷŭΡͬѹ֯ڼ
࿴üᣬ
ʶлأһһ䣬Լʵ뷨
ûУֻǣΪѹ
֪ʹ࣬ҲΪ㲻װӵЩͬ壬ȴҲ֮ܳУΪɱ㡣
ڼзûϵڣҲڼз
һ𡣡



70 Ҫ
ʱһ˲ס,˱˴˶ӣ˭Ҳûƿߡ
̹ȻȴֻƬ̣оԷĳĬ,ЩΡ
ףβ˵
˵,𣿡
ͷ
ףȴֵ
δϣı,ûҪܹԱȣĶļзأ
һ仰ں˵ڡôʲôıأֲԭ,ҲֻǼзһµ갡
ϧ¾˵Ҳû˻šݺ,Ǽ仰ܹıġֻʶ˵
ʶô,֪ҵ𣿡
ף,ԨѪɫ˫,Ѳ,̫λõĺ,ţ
˵Ҫ,ô𣿡
಻֪ǳһ
ʲôʱˣ
ף,һЦ,ŭ
ʲôʱ򲻽ˣ֮ˣҶ˵Ҳǡ
ࣺ
ʲô
ףؿ˵,ȴкܶ໰Ҫ˵վû˵ڡ
ֻһ֣
,,ı
۾,
Ҫ𡣡
ĬӣͬˮĹ߰Χûɬ,һ飬˭ҲҲԴͷ
ףȻڣЩӲأ
˯ɡ
üͷ˴ץһΪţ档
ҪϢһҹϴ˼
ף±ȴҲ޷˵˰Σֻʶе
ôҰ⿪Ϭ
ɫ䵭ص
֮ǰͲ£ֻƭңԲԣ
Խ˷һֱûᣬ񷴶ף಻ס˳
ףһ漴Ҳε̧𴽽Цһ£ԭ˽
ףͦεıӰ˵
¶ˡô˺أ
ƽѹŲ֪һ㣺
Ϊţҿ϶㣬òŷ𣿡
ףֻ˵
ţǰ
ǡǡ෴ҶģҶļĻ
Ϭ﷨ǴڵģʱƬɭУҲȷõģɵһ̣Ŀ⿴
ĿǴȻĹػУ࣬ȴĵԼӣͼʲôֶע⡣
ǲֶأ
һֱ̣ߵķֻȥһССĸӦмһѡ
ûҶģȴӮˡ
ζȴζ
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ڶմ磬౻һö붨нѡ
ҹһֱڵ붨ŴϿһۡ
ףڴ˯һҹ˿ҲԴ潿У
˭ѽ˸һ˯أ㲻£
۹ܹ˵
ѣѷǳһӺ¥ʳ档
ף⣺
ߴߴߣ֪ߣҹۻˣڿҪúϢģ˲ȥ
ȴ̧֣˸ƣԼ
ȥһӺ¥¼
۹˻ش뿪ˡ
ף̾һɻشϣ
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ףٿȻ
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ûʲô˼
ףȻҧÿ֨죬ץ·ʹϣ˵
ҾҪȥߣھߣ
ץϵ·
ҵģҡ
ףǼ£ǲţвصͺ
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ֻ÷֣ɶԷԼףԼòףҹɴȹһףζӲ߳ȥ
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Ǹ̨Ҳ֪βǰ̨Զ·ȥֺŷһ·£ֱͣڴö¥λϡ
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ף龰Ҳ̲סЦһ£
۹ӦʹЩСֶΣŵСˡ
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ʲô£
һۿǵõƵĴһ
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С㣬㡭ܻܲرһ£ҺʹʦлҪ˵
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£ʦ㲻ңʲô˵ġ
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𾪵ñ鶼ˣֻε
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ʲôҲԼҡ
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ֽ۹һȥܿ㴫ֹ˵Ӧ¥ڰ顣
һ뵽ףҪͼӴҹ£ķңֻðοԼˡ
ǰ
кҪ£
С˵
ʦ㣡¥Ҳ̫֪ˣǸ۹Ҫҵ·ƴֿһŵҩŴ
ࣺ
ʲôҩ
ɬ
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ʲôޱ
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ⲻص㣬صǣһЩ˵˵ʲôץʱ֮ģ˵᲻ҪĶйذ¥Ȼ𣿡
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޹أҲ֪Σʱ
ͷ˵
аʦ㣬ĸǸС㡭ǣǸ𡭡
Ȼҡͷ
ôܣֻǡ
Ȼʱף˵϶
ǿǡˡﺬ顢𽵹ﲻ֪Ϊﰡ
۾Բˣŵþ޴
ࣺ

ڶ꾭ӪҪˣ



71 ֪Щϻڿţ
ɫ,߳ȥһסףĸ첲˼Զ׼,ʶ
ףһЦ,β̬,˼Ҳԡ
ʶе
˵Կ
ףЦػأ
Ҫô
۾,Ȼ,Ĭذס
ף
Ҳһʱ,ǻȥ١
Ա,۹ͽ,ʮֵ𺳡
۹û뵽ŵĵôܹƻ,ӶѸ,Լ,ǽŬûгɹ˵,ñε³ԼҪŬа
ȹϵһ,ֲֺֻ̿ʼųˣôôĳ棬ʦô˰ȥԺҪôͬŽ
Ȼ,ĺȴͬ˶һ,֪ҪҪǰܡ
Ǳ,Ѿףװ,ֳʼԼɴ£ѸµɴӵףϣְԼѸٴá
һ,ףϵζԼΧ޿ɱܡ
˱ۣ´ص˶Էһۣ˵

ף͵Цţɴ¹ڼǰɴȥ
š
ǻȵļϢԼǻűǻȫ£̧ͷѪʮƳһۼ࣬ͶԷӷ졢ȭͷı顣
ôʿǳкĿ˻ƵĻ棬Ҳûʧأֻ߻ؽ࣬
ʰһ£óˡ
һãȻ
ŶʰˣһûᡭҲûʲôҪʰġ
ת򵥵Ĺ̨ߣǱԶʯСأ۹æ˽һϵס޷ѺԼַķá
۹Ҫ˵
ַʦ͵ġ
ȴԱףɴ£ҧЦһ
ҪǻǮô
ึǮһҲûףץһǵߣ߽߱ͷϵ
ϧͷ̫̫˳ָҲΪŭе㷢ϵ˰ҲûгɹҪǷϵȥߣҪͷֻһ롣
ѾţӭůҪ÷ˡ
еķȴȥԺ΢΢Ǳͷָ뷢䣬ͷתһȦһȦ
࿴ȴȻ֪˭һֱҧأһȦȦתȻɲ١
ףϸ𪡢µһ˿ϸƶ޵ָЩڵĳơ
£һ£еĺغڷ¶һְ߲ҫɫʣѻʱֹŨҵĺڡ
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һУȴصૣ
ľͷƵģͷ
һֱվԭ⻰ʱüͷ
ûҡ
ףһǰȥͷ۹ӻ֣
ʦ˵һˣˣʦҪҡ
۹Χọ̈̄ܿ׹Ľع˹֣
õʦãˣһʦ˵λͶϣνȥҲףʦһ·˳磡
ԱŴ죺
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ףȻתǰ棬żԼŭ˵
ʲôʱˣ㣬Ӷ
һ˲䣬簲·˶ڶصػصǾ仰ҲŶϡ
һʼֻ۾ֹŴ˵ǳӦûŪ仰˼
ֱ󷽵۹е
ѽɲУĿҪá
Ҳ𾪣Ҳǵ˵
Ҳ⣬ϾǿǴʦ㣬̫ϻڵҲһݵڴʦȹ
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գλε˵ǿ档
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ָ༤ϸ벻
ʧ߻֮תһߣֵԣһּʢ
ķۣ޾СƬ꣬ȥһϻ
֪Щϻڿţֹͣ
Щϻףȥ
˵ҡ
ϲң
ڷӦʣ
ϲң
Ȳ˼飬·ֵ£ԤУȴδ뵽ڴ˿ֻ
ųܵġ
ֻЦأԷֻ뿴Ϊĳ̬أ
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վһµ޹ᱡɴ£ӰӳԼӰ棬һ
ѪףɫҲѱˣһڱóȥˮҲղȥˡ
ɫ΢΢ңһߣ¶΢΢ķۣ󷽵һӳͻȻ˴ŮСĵصȴ
ʻ
ףδڣȻ˵ȥ㲻Σ̹Ȼصͷ
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һ˿΢΢Ĳ
࿴ʺ죬뾱͸ˡ
ֵ£ףȻҲͬա뾱֮µǣȫýΣ̳ˡ
˶ӣ֪ΪΣȻͬʱƿߣٿԷ
ףҧסݲ˵·һʯͷ޲ʯͷɱɼ롣
ƫͷ΢΢ĿԵϵȶȥ
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ط
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ȥǰ·ճôһϣã·ܿ죬ʱʱͷһ۴ʦ͡λµ׷ߡ
˶ֻһǰһں߾룬ȫʶԷһ㡣
ʶ֮Ҳžضϵˣףϵġ
·ǰߣͻȻ΢΢һ¡
һתԧ˫δдģڹͬʢš



72 δӦò˰
δںͣ,ҹֵſڷϡ
һϣվӴֻľͷջϵȴʦ㡣
,ߵ,չǷϡӦʲô,ͣ˲ӡ
ףҲ,ջ,ͣ߾,źһƬҶϸ
˹,˵
ʦ,ǽȥ,Ҹλ,˵ǼҲܺóԡ
Ž˴ӭòŮģʿӭ,Ц
λ͹μ伯,,߿λãλ
δڣʦ͵͵أ
λᡣ
Ůһ,ҲЦˣ
Ҹˣλ뵽¥
¥,ף,ͼ಻ǰ˻ľ¥,֨֨һǰһ󷢳
δڲװιӣ¥ͬһظС
Ůǽһɫİ,Ҳλ£룬ڼԱߡ
ףڼ档
෭Ů̽˵ǳصѯʲ˵ϵĲƷ˺ܾõʱ䣬ö˼ˣʽʲô
˵ҪȰٹ¶΢΢̧˷ϵһֻ֣һζģ
ţ
ףֻ޳ϸ˵˵һƷ
ŮŮһһ£˵
伯ʱ뿪ʼλڴ֮ǰ档
Ů뿪ˣֻˣշǳء
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ڣÿӳ붼ϸ¼ʦ׿ϣʶдһʡ
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ᣬϻڲɢҡ֪ǳȥʦ˵ġ
ͷڴʦĺ̲ס
ǡǴʦأĽ߷ǳ࣬ܡ
شһˮ˽Ļ
ѽ
ý鿴Ĺ򣬼̧ͷףһۡ
׺һο˵͵ˮ⣬·ֻһƳѸջߡ
ףҲûֻͷЩϡ
ʰ궫ֻǰȫͷֵص
ʦ㿴ϺѣΪʲôҲڿҲҪĵƷ𣿡
ףϵָסһ˲ָֺܿ΢΢һЦ
࿴˵иȤġ
ȴգ
ǣҲûҴʦǮ졭ǮûеĻҲ԰һЩ
ף˶٣ЦЦȴ۵ףѪ˫ŵ̽ζ
㻹ôᣬܶǮ
Щû⣬ָ㣬ԥԥأ
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ǿɰС
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ʦ㡭Ҹоǲеİ
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޹ء
ûסع۲켾ɫԼС飺
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ɫƽһ䣬Ŀϵϡ
ΪԼĻŭʦˣŰòش
ڹ˰Σش
Ҫ޷档֮¡֮˵
ое۾ͷ
ãһƾʦ㰲ţ
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Ǳߣ˺ܾãǺŮҲףߣ̸
ף̬Ȳ䲻ȣŮȴ·Щ꣬˵֫嶯Щҡ
ף̧ۿˣȻԽ
˲˹⻪Ǻˮķ·۵ף˫Ѫɫˮһ
ĵȸԾƲסҪ߳ȥ
ףȴȻѹߣûκжǺŮ˹̸ʱʱ΢΢һЦǰͶࡣ
Ů˿Ķ¸ôԶ̸ܿ
˻ȥԼûںڰڴϱźˮϰ£߰㡣
Ĳ֪Ϊʲôᷢչز֪ճ
վڴϱߣˮϲڵҶһƬƬ£ڻȻˡ
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ڻһЩǸ⣺
ʦ㡭Ұѷ˳ԵòˣҪٵɣ
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Ʊ΢΢ת˵
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Ǿͺá
䣬ƿţɴµӰһ
˭˵Ҳģ
ף޵ɨؿһ˿Ȼһ˿ο
ż࣬һֻ֣ɵ
أˡ



73 սʱƶȾѪɫ
̧ͷ
ףҲ,Ŀ޺һĹ
ڴϱߣһۣǳϡ
ϸһ־ף˼,ȴҲԸع,ֱӴƴֽǡ硭һĸס
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ףȴſ˫վ,һֻαĴſ˫,Ȼ
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бء
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ı󶯣ֳ˳۲ˣλ̧һǧƷʯֻʣ˻ڳۣ˵
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ڵߣǽ˰ְ



76 ᵽǿҡõɡ
һҹ,ڵĻҲһҹ
ڶգһƬǽг΢ʰһ,ףҲϢһ
ճʱ,ףڵذϳ鶯ովһҵĶ,ͫɢ,Ŵ,ɳߵ,ϡ
ɼվҪ,˫۱ס,ɳƻſǻ
,ߡ
ǺЦ,,Դ,һֻɰİëС
Ҳ,Ҿ
ףǱȲš·ף㱻ߣƺҲûκβԸ¶е㿪еı顣
뷢ڵСȫЩ,ֻıܡ
ıܾǼࡣ
ɴ಻,תڵذ
ھһҹ,ָ,ףǰͷԼϣԼ̧ͷķ
ذϻҵĺۼ,ŪӷŵʾȥѴϱ塢Ĵϴɾ÷ָԭ״
׼䲻ܴ󣬵⵽ǵĺۼڼҺѴɨ˵ŵҲӡ
̫ʦλһȣмƬۺͰ׷͹һ϶ȥҺмԽɨԽ飬ӦøǮ
⻹ֻһҹ֮ǰף˵Ҫһ£ԺӲᱻǲɾɣ
ˣǲɾҲȫֵõġҸ飬һ¸Ҳ
ֻףħ桭뵽࿴Ŀڡ
֮ǰһֱȥûз֣˿ٿȴħ٣쵽ֺϣѪɫҲе㵭״ԱһЩ
ѵףһһμħѪҺѭһ⴫ݣǵȵݵ֫ĩˣͿɢ
뵽۾ץסף
֮ǰֹǲ˵ʵܣħ棿
ףεԴǰҶЦ

ȫߣӦòǵЩˣɼ෭ȥĿǸӡǣܾӦþ²
ϣƳħ棬Ȼô򵥣
ҲԣΪףߣǡײϷڣڲѭӿ౶ƺһֱڳӡǣټ϶θ/ȷֿܵħ棬ȫƳ
֮ϲ˼ˣͷϵףãٵĿɰӣ̲סֵͷȥĶͷ
ף˳̧ǵø㣬̬Ưˣ覴õļͦ̿ɰıǼ⣬Ŵͫֻ
˿شӶͷǵ촽ףſ˫ˣûҧֻǽ⽻ϸϸƷ
ֲŽǣǳ£еԣ˺ܾá
ǵףٴ£ԭ£ѾͼˣĳЩʱ򣬱ȼ»Ҫߡ
ҪҪ
ף߳˫§סľ
̧ȥЩ񴦻вûпף˽⣬û㹻롣
ڵذееӲԴ˿̵ļ˵ⷴǺ£Ϊ̫ˡ
ֱףһθﲱ

ףͨ죬һʧؿȻץסϥǴȥ
ʲôԣڲ衭
ͼƿȴ͵ʧȥһУ漴üͷܡ
ȫѭܵߣҲʳ󡣼䵱ԴԴϵʳԴ
һȥȴ޹أذ飬ײ⣬ѪڣһһΣֱڵ
Ҳ߳ܣ깲صҲԭʼĶ̬ᵽǿҡõɣֻףܸ
һʱ䡢磬ֻзֻаʡ
ʱڴ˿
*
ܾó˴¡
ӽһˣķһֱŽգŽ磬һ͹
˵ƽʱһչؾһʮ꣬ǿǳģʦӦûҪչذ
ؼʦǸλɶһչصģʵǼδһ߱չضֻһ˵ģǡǵ¡
ȷʵ뵽һ㣬˵ĵһ㡣һʦĺλϻڵɶһˣͱúˡ
ΪǧĳţеӻԽħΪΣԽ޾Ӷ࣬ڲнµģŵ˽ˡ
֪Ҫô߰Ҫôԣʦ߽Уܸ˽µˡôλɶ
Ժϻ˶ԡĳĳΪ׺ȡķʽʾܲʱںϻڵ¥Ϊֲ㱻Ŀᡣ
ɶ˺ܺãڳʱ˵λɶΪܣʦ㿸סԱ˺ɶԴʦһһ
ʦأȥƺɶ䵭䵭ִһǡٽûʦԼס
ɶ飬ʦҲ⣿
Ǿ˵£Ҳʦͨһɣľڿջ˰ɣһʲôһ£ⲻۣ
־ᣬСһţÿڴʦķſڰ̾һֳȥڼҹ䣬ͼԹɢ
У¥λ۹˺ܶ࣬ͼ۹Ǵ̽ɶ鱨ȴҲò٣Ա۹ϷɫǺա
伯˷˻סöУҲǵķѣнЩ
ڼչأһŸڣ֪״˵ʦˣҪһʱٻءǱҲûлţ񱨸ʽĶһ㶼š
ֱʮȥ伯μʿߵ߰˰ˣջ࣬ķ˶
콭ǡûڷſڣȥ۹ץˣ𾪵ط֣෿ķűڵģ
˿ڿˮ·̽ؾһ㣬ƿţʱ׼˦ҩСӺߣ
ʦ㣿
û˻شɫ谵ҲûеƣͷʲôΡ
߽䣬ǳСĵصһǽǣǽϵ͵䡣
ذ
ʱ͵شһܵſڡ
ݴһŮˣ°׷һͬڴߣƹһգϴӰĵؿ˸ź⡣
ⲻǹʲôŵöɢˣˣȴȻײһˡ
ͷ¶һļֺίֱǰһˣץס˵½ǼУ
ʦ㰡ڳ˰Щ춼ڿ˰
Ĵʦ㣬ҲǼ࣬˿ȹһѾǶˣѾȥˡ
ޣίòУЦã㽫ģ
ⲻǺúõ𣿡
ţһѩӰܶ
ף˲ƳһѰѽӵһߣԼ໳˫סĺְԼԴֵ£Сһȥϻ˵
ˣֻҡ


൥ֱףһİ׷ݵ΢Цţ
áԺˣֻ㡣



77 ƶԣֻҪ
ǽ,׾ˡ
ǵظףͷһ㽫İ׷𣬰ԼﵽҲԴ,ס
Ȼת,Խ΢΢һЦ
Ƕû£ġ
ŵһŲĵǴʦͻȻһµ¶
⴫̻,ף̽ͷȥ,Ȼ˷ܵ
̻
౧,Ҳһͬȥ̻ռ˴һ,̺,յͨ졣
ͷ,ףﵹӳ̻,ʰ,ӨƯ
ĵ׳ӯҸͰ⡣
һף,ףƫͷ,һã,ֺΡ
ףڻָߵĵɫڣͶҲʱߵıԣֱ׵,ֱ׵İ⡣
һѯʡ
յ˵
̻ûÿ
ף˼һ£ع,Ц,˵
Ҳÿ
ҲЦˡ
ǴʦδйĲ΢Ц,ûκμӣû˿ֻΪҸֶЦ,ǳ
ýӿҸУȭһҪػʦ㣬ԺΣػһԣ
ȻĪĺ𰡣һԣ
Ÿһ£ϱףֻصǼ䷿䡣򿪽֮ǰѾʰЩĥۼûȥֻջƴΪ
ҿջƼ˸ǳñܣҲδ¶κرı飬м˿
ҹٴαһһŴϣһ֮ǰףȻ׻ָǡ
Ȼ󡭡Լȫ˵˿ȡڼϣոջһҡ
еĻ䶼ӿǻƻҵʮ졭ףȫס
൥ְԷˣɻ̧ͷȥ
ôˣ𣿡
ȻͿףأɫ
ӷ죬ǳ죬ٱ죬һһס
˫۾ȻǺɫȴѾ׳̬˿˫߶ŴţһҲ
ʶʲôЦʣ
˰
ݹȻŷۣȴǱףҪ̹Ȼöࡣ
ףͷ߻ǲ»ĴʺʹǳƵģ
ʱ䣬ˡ
̲סЦ
Ǻǡ࣬Һϲ
۵̧ȣϥǡöףȻһ£ڲòһ˲
Цºͣ
ϣħ棬Ҳܿġ
ףոѣڷ֮Уûħ£⻰ԼĿڡ
һ·ûĿںܷ㣬ҲúȻʲôħۼûˡ
Ϊ˳ħ棬˺ܶࡣʱʵףķڶȥˣСѾ̫ϸغСߣԵ㡱һһε۷壬Ҳûͣ
µȤ෢ԼϲָоСԼֱε˼ܡ
ճɹʱˣظ֣û˿ۼĿڡ
ףǻһҪˣȼܻˤֻסԼ
ƣ¼ָ˳кġ
ףȥһУƫͷָ֮ǰִСӵĻɳƣ
㣬ô仵ˣ
Ц
ûаǴ˰ɡ
ϵĶɲôֵģףҧݣǲһȴҲƲסֵһΡ
ô˵أʮ̽Ϊȫе㣬ѧԣֳģŹѾˡ
ףȷʵûܾĬ
ֻڼٴʱȻߵ̬
ƾ˸ˣһ׳Ĵ׳ߣһ٣еεЦ
㺦ߣҲҪ߰ɣ
ǴȴԴſ˵ͳԵĳŮ
˭˵Ҫˣ
̫ûߵ̬էһۿеܾţеԡ
Լ̬ףְֿⷢԼһô߲ܵ
ΪСߣιָεСߡ
߲סϸβȥһߺһ߳Ҳϡ
۱۱סߴ׳塣
βس鶯Ƶģܴ졣
ףͳЦԴգ
ŶǸ
Ҳʲôϸ΢
ţԣֻҪ㡣
ҹ˾֮һ˿춼ޣһŮޣ˿ȴһշתлպʶӡ
Ѿܵ£Щ·Ҳ˵֪Ҳס
*
տǷĳϦҹ伯Ҳģ·˵ƻᣬλ費Ҫݵͼõϲ˫˴أ
ףڿջú¶ʱջƹݵͼ˶һۣһݡ
͸۹ȥˣձ׼ţȥƻҲá
õͼŷ֣伯ĵ̾Ȼô󣬳᳡¥Ǳߵļ֮⣬طҲвټУƻɢڸ֮ڣѼٸᵽ췽ȡ
ȹȥߣȥǱ߿ƣﻹбݡ
ŵͼ滮ףԱЦ˵ʲôֻġ
౻е죬ͼ˵
߰ɡ
ף׹ȥ˳ְʰձ߼鷢
ͷƳһۣ᣺
̫࣬
ףȴ£
Ϊʲô±˿Ľ
˵
˵Ҫ
ףգһʰһ·ϸ
࿴̯ʱףżֱȥЩָ
࿴ʳСʱףʳιߣ˳ְǡ
ϸϸͻʱףΪһյƣ͵ϣ˳ȥ
ȫֹԽֹԽ·޲øÿ·ǲѣǡֹϵ
¥һλкӻʱЦк˵
ȥλʦΪ£ԺͲ˼Ҳ~
ͷһ˵¡ʣЩȻ߳ܣȴûֹ
תףӳˮף۾ǴȻҸԲõñòĿ
̫Ҹˣ·౻۵¶У͵úʱҪ
кЦߵ˻һֱǣŵ֣Цʣ
˵£˭ͬˣҿɻûͬء
ףһ٣۵׺Ȼһ˿
һʶԼʧԣȷʵÿЦ
ףת˲ȴЦţһĻ
˵Ǿǡ
ûѯʼ˼
±ܾ𣿼Ҳ̫֪ԼݣҲĳŵ
̾˿ֻս֣ʮָۣͷ˴
ϣѾвźӵƣҸȻǷϰףߴ󲿷ҲǷˣ˵ʵǻףԸ
дԸŽʽƯĻһֻƲ
ףһֽддŽͬһյУ˳źˮƮߡ
Яֲվںϣ̻䣬ʧ档
ֻ˵ʵů
һĵһ갡
šϣԺ궼һ
á



78 ҪҪ
껨,Ž
Ȼ˷̻ձһӳͬʱ̧ͷ̻,ͬʱͷԷ,ײ
𴽽΢Цһɬ,һ⡣
๴סԷ,Լ,Ҫӵ
ףҲͬ,ȴҪࡣ
ս,סĴ,ࡣ

Ҫƿ,ǰ,ûƶ,ͷ΢΢,Ʊץա
ڻҹｻƾ֤,ܱ˴˵ȫǵرϵֻ̻ݡ
̻ףĳҲڽ,΢*΢Щż۾,
ǵŶͷӡ
л˵,ܿ,ףҲл˵
ڣеЦ˵
˵
ףƺһ£˵
ҪҪߣ
û뵽ô˵,˼˺ܾãʣ
ȥĶ
ףĬˡɽ̫ˣ˺ããɽҲ̫СˣСûиһƬ
ͽɽһ缫ߡǿమһȥ
ףһֱžҲУڲܷżһɢߣϾδϣǳҵϵһںϰٸţӦü
ĬΣ˵
Ҳߣǡڶ֮ʦʦͽԼ֪ʱӦ鵽ҵķλ
ԭСʱʦµѪʦδùɼ֪׽
伯˵ЩҲȫ伯Ҳǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ף𣬰ҡͷЦ
ֻһ˵ؽ黳
ǣ֣ٴʮָۣǰߣƺ֮ǰ졣
ԸоĲ࣬ҲŻʱǰ֡
๴˹˵ģ
Щǳ棬Ҫİ
èץƵģףоָ⹴ȣɰˡףƫͷһЦ
˭˵ҲˣҺܺð
࿴һЦȴ˸֮⡣
·ԱһλڵŮʿŹǳֳۣȣǰռ˹Ȼסǣ
λˣ
ͣɻ󿴹ȥףüͣסˣҲûߡ
λŮʿ˵òвƤɳڵէһЩ¡
ףΣȻ˫ĿԲ˵
㡭㣬
ףһţ
ʿЩʲôǲǸĳˣ
Ůʿð⣬ͷⶦʢָȵеͼдʣ˵ţ
Ȼǣ޽֮¡ֻⷨأⷨء޽⣡
Ůʿ̧ͷʧɫɫҰˣףֻ촽Ҳ˵һ仰ȴǻӻ֣˵
λ߰ɣˡƶΪ
ɻ󣬵ҲûʣתߡŮʿȴɳƲϵ˵
λԪӤʿܶ㶼лĻᣬǲܣǱͷ
һãͷţףһ͵͵һЦ
Ůˣ²ǿûŻء
⻰һִӲתΪǣæʣ
ô죿
ףЦ˫ǳ
ҰǲȻǼϿ
磬˵棬ֻףصջܿȺ
շת࣬ûϢ
һЩ顣
մⱾʱǵòڣڣЩڼȥˣֻСصڻһЩӡ
ףؽ֮ǰˣͽɽͷЩ鶼ԭдһ
ҪǼ̬ȡԭеļ࣬ףĵһʱ䣬ͽڼϼӿһ¡
ڼԭļȥʲôˣûдףغŬԾȣ˵ʱеһֻŬɳƼˣȴܳȥ֮һֻ
ֻĪ⣬ףս󲻵УֱԱħףڡ
ͬʱһͬɽ׽õħףǰ֮ڡ
ҲħдʱմļֻΪһСߣ;ⶵףҲϡ棬Ѿˡ
ΪǸʿĻԺз·һȻðԭڡ
֮ǰħʱûϸ˼Щ֮ϵڣȻ֣
ڵһУƺҲԭ߰
ףؽһ֮⣬ʣµо鼸ѾˣҲˣħҲˡ
鷢չڣˣȥ߳Ĳ֣
ףսУĥֱΪΨһħѪϴڡ
㣬ʼ䣬ܿһ顣
ͷԼ˯ףԭףľǲҪ˯ģɷʱ̫ף˯ߵϰߣ˯ʱһҪֱۣ
δһ֪ףΡףĵ׵ף
Ҫܹ
౻Һʹʧȥ˼ֻףᡣ
뵽һ顣ΪʲôԭʱץףʱֻΣûгףʱɱһ£һ£ԭʲô
ףҪӦɱףҪԭΪִˣֱӳɽȥ׷ɱ
飬߼ϸ˵ͨ
෭ȥһᣬһ˼ҲûʲôֻûеףԽԽء
һףۣ˯죬һӦȴǴĴꡣ
ص޴ŵʹݺȥ
糿ֿʼһλƣȵ֮ףڼϺأ
㡭ôˣ񡭡е¡
ǿЦЦףݣͼϵÿһϸڶС
˵
û£ֻ뵽һЩȥ顣
ף¶ɵɫȴҲû׷ʣֻ欵ЦţŪڼձߵķ˿
ҪȥδֻҪڣֻҪڣòã
ͷ
á
ȥóԶȥʱס䡣
һţ󣬶Լ˵
ʦ㣬ţ˵Ҫ£Ҫǿȥ
˶٣ɫˮ
ʰһ£Ժ
ףɫȻȥ۾ڼ¥˷䣬½硣
ʰƽһָš
ڷڼ϶ףȵ¶ƿӣѾˣŽָ
ιףԵǿҩӡ
ףµĴЩۼ·Ʒ
ܶǹȥʮĶһƽķŽȥûκγɻͣ١
ףһȥȥ˵
ʰöתףߡ
ףȻ˫۱סԴļѣ繵˵
ҪٴңҾ˺㡣



79 һ̶һ彻Ĺϵ
ⶼĬ,һʱֻţ˭û˵
Ҳɽһ𣬺֮ǰһ޼,·ʲôû
仰,ͣκһ㶯ˡ
ܸоף,̧,Էĺ,һµذš
ȴܸо,µļȻ,˿ûзɡף˵Ǿ仰,Ҳͼһ,ƺ໰˻ȥ,û˵ڡ
յף,ص˵
ʲôʱ˵,Ҫˣ
˾,ҹǳδĹڻĻΪ˸õĹ滮ܾЩʹĹ滮,Ȼ֪ǷЧȷʵѾ뾡취
֮ǰף,һڸʶû,һں֮Ҳ,ףľǱˡ
һΣԲᡣ
֮,ףļȻɡ
˿໳°ȥǵļ϶﷢̾Ϣ
˵ģΣһߣ
صصͷѪ˫ΪԼտݣֻ뽫ԼУ߻
˵
һȥңֻҪίٷӡһʱˡұ֤ڵʱ䡭̫á
ףõصͷųâ˫۽Լڼϣ·һ߲Ϣ֦
˵
ڴٴμϻ
*
һһͬ߳䡣
ѾԼĽվǰԼҲƵģ鲻ãʦףһĿмתתȥûסʣ
ʦ㣬׼һȥ𣿡
̰ɣɽ˭²ʦ˵Ǽֱ治
ȴ˵
һȥ
æɫ⻰һ㵱ұӡ
ˣ̬ҲǺޱ仯ĵڼ໳ǽнˡ
ʳڣ
ǣʦ㣬׼ʦһ𣿻˵ʱгͻ
໺ǰף·һƵĹѩź۹ϣ߶еٻҲ黳
ʦãиԸæ𣿡
Ȼʦ㣡ô㻹֪𣡡
ǣɷ㣬˴ڣԺͲҪٸκǲҪʦ˵Ҳ뽫ֵ˾֪֪ҺڻֻǻкøС
кøһ¡ŶŶˣʦģһκй¶Ĵڡ
ллʦã仰Ҿͷˡ
˵ֻ꣬ͷԹϵף˵
ѣʹ˱ڡ
ףɫδ䣬ֻһεЦ
ðҪǲҾʹڴȥŸҸ˵
Ҳ𴽽ǣƺЦˡһԿ˶ԻܾЩ죬ⲻ˵ദɡ
֮ˣ֮ʱᡢ˻Ǻ޴оƴڻأ
ǣǲûһ彻Ĺϵ
ԼԲŵˣ̲ס𺳵صɴۣÿصĴʦ㣬Ȼⷽ˿ŰݣʵᱲˣͲģˡ
˴Ŷ߳ջףЦǺǵ
һ̡
߱ģ
㣬ﰡ¥𣬻ҲԳȥ
ףЦ
ȻǳȥˣѾʦ˵ˣԺ͸ʦˣȥǲڱˣɲô
΢죬⣺
ʦǰҽ
ף첲ҡΣ
˵ⶼʵ
ɽŵĴôˣӦкܶ඼ǵġ
ȴǳţΪʵⵣ
ȷʵŶ˵ϻڿûж󡭡ô˵۹Ǻܱ˿𰡣
üͷ㣬˴£·һԲâɰ
˵㵽¥ǰ۹ſһǰ֮ɫ
ҪȥôôͻȻҲ˵һ
һ۹Ǻ飺
ǸҲͻȻҲǹû֪ͨģֻǡ֪ô˵
۹ԼףѯһЩֽӵףݸˣףںҪôֵЩ
ףЦЦһࣺ
ҿûʸȥڣֻǳţԼҲҪȥˡ
۹󾪣תֺѹףļ˵
Ҳеģ㲻ý黳˵һá
˲վסףԼһ㣬ԼׯϿڣ
ɶδֻ֣ʱڣұˡ
ͻռףʮãЦǺǵż࣬
˵úã˵䣡С˵ҿĵĻˡ
࿴ɫе㷢죬ȴᶨ
㲻ȥұˣҲʡ
ףϲЦտģͬŹӣ
Ҫѽҵĺࡣ
ˣȻ֪˵ʲô֣ô˵˵£ֱ
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۹ǰϸָڽǣ
ҵģǲǣǲֿܾһᡭһ˯š
ŵ棺
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ңһ취ģУҪԶԱ˵˵˵ҾĹ̶£
˵̲סӣǼ
֮㣬ҲҪǵҡܸԺԸҡ
ߵ˵ȥɿ۹ֱۡ۹תΪϲãǰӵ˵
ˣһ㡣
һ۴ޡ۹ıοóһЩСȫ͸һץУһӣһСݣժµһ塣
ףԱ߿ţ̲סһ񣺺ӳˣͷԼŮˣ
Ƚ޿ؽһѶŽ«˼ǰ൹ǻãף̲ס٩
ôСôɵʲôᣬôͰ¥˵ĸˣǽҲĿ࿴
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Ҳûй˭ȸġ㡭˵ϻ֮ˣҲ𣿡
ףЦ⣬תƳһۼıӰ
ǰ棬ûȴȻżһֱע󷽶
ףᣬȴ˵ǣ
һ㰡ҲףǷ˰ɡ˵ԣȴҲˣ㾡ȫΪ֮㾡һУֻĻġҲ֪ˣ
΢΢ƫͷǹһĨЦ⣬ӹףۣһּ֤£͵͵ų
ԽԼûжףˡף˵û겻ᣬҡ
·һ˵
ȻǺߣԸΪ֮ˣ㾡ȫ
ףЦڵ֮ɫԽҫ
ѽ㿴ĺŮˣҪˡ
ĿᣬߵߣֱסŲߣԴͷ
żЦ
͵ðץѽ



80 ·ٴһһ
˵Ц֮,˲ȫĬطҲʱҵ伯дŸ
һͬ߳ţԼͬ,˿
ǣͷˡףڻܵ,Ƿ·Դһķ䣬Ǹȵ֮ҹ
⽫ġı䡣
,ֿɡ
˵,ףգգ۾,ǹһĨЦ⡣
ףüͷ,¶,˵ţ
ǵ´μ,Ҫһٸ
ࣺ
кأ

ҲǺ,Ŷ,Ҳû
ף̲סһЦ,ż첲,һ,һ£Ը֡
ȥףĿ⺬Цû˵,ֻǰַһġ
ͽŷɽͺ«Էߣͷȥ,㲻֪ʱѾʧ,Ҳ뿪˰ɡ
Щѹ
һ˳ȥ,ĺܿ
˵
ᡣ
Ϊ˿̣ѾΪһСߣˡ
ڼϷɽһ,ףѾΪһ⣬ֱۡ
ʱСβһҡһڣףʶдЦ
ŮˣҾܵĻŮˣôҵһٸʲôʱ֣
̲ס¶΢Цһֲֻźۼʶش
ǻСǰҪҲӦ
ףģβڶ䣬СѾֱֱۣϲһȦһȦ·֦ʱıǼļ
Ů˲жӲܻȡ
С·¸OO@@ܿӼмȥͷһ̣ɴϢ
оʶ˵
ѽһģϾͺá
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СߣҪҶ
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ͻȻְ̧ס࣬һǱ˻壬ĿʹԽԽ˵ʹأɴʦһᶼԼʵǡּǿֽۣ
òһЩԼ˵
ʦ㣬֪Ҫʵ̲סͿ޳ɣ޳һ㡣
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ллҲޡ
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ҹʵԲϢ˵еˣƽͣ˸ɽҰЪϢ
¹ɽ֮粻ΧֵܰգݵؼήˣȥһƬããģ׵ĺ
װɢӣߵ뽭Զĵطȥɽ±£ӻСС
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һѰιѡ
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ԭóΪ鰡ҪԱ߿ɻأ
գߵС
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С̧ͷ³ϸСţҡͷԣ
ʲôҾͿʲôȻˣ룬ҲδɣûԹҰ⡭
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СԴһ˦β̳ͣһ㣺
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ûüֹͼСһԾڵϣ΢׹⣬ˡΡ
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ףվԱߣͷǺЦ䡣
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һٸ졣
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ΪһЩӵбߣʿûʲôߣȴżʵֱۺϸСȣչܽ˽ס
˴˽˭Ըóһ˿϶עĿݰܲԭסˡ
ڰգٴһһǡ
ܵءر˴ĥգһΣ¹ģű˴˵Ϣȶȡ
һܡ
оƮһģʱɫһᣬһֱȥҲ뿪Ҳȥκεط
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˵ܷʲô㶼ҪȫԼ֪𣿡
ףü
Ϊʲôô˵ʲôΣգһȾ㡣
ࣺ
ҪȱסԼңһԼԼġ
ףüͷ壬Ȼˣ
㵽ʲôң
û취صڣʦ̹ףȥɹǣϵΪֻԸͽݣȥμ뿪ڣףɵȹһ
˼֮Ľ
УҲף棬Ϊԭ֮Уף汻׷ɱ
Ҫףȥףʱ̱Լߡ
Ϊ˳׶ϾҪʦݣףɽֱ֣ȥ٣Ϊ˵ܻʮܸ꣬ףһȹǵļʮ꣬ԴԽ˵Ҳ׬ˡ
ʧȥףʲô˼
ȷĴ㣬ƻ˵ڣףһֹΪڴܣǱһͷ˾塣
ֻܱտڲԡ
˵
ûʲôģֻȥԺʦ٣ܳȥʮ꣬ʱǾúùˡ
ƭǺɺƭףȴÿֶܼѡ
ڣףһƺĻ
ף۽ޣش
ǺܺðʱҴȥʼĵطʶˣȥ󴬣ɽ󴨣룬һܴȥ硢ħ硭ǿȥκεط
գ
ĶҲȥ*ֻһأ
ףЦ
ãұڷ羰ĺһӣڷǰֻݣһúϻһһŸĴÿŶԷ˯Ҫǵҡ
촽



81 ļ
쵽ڵǰһ,ںϡ
ҹˣǳõӵһ𣬱˴ĥűǼ,ܶԷ
ף,֣ǰıǼ⣺
Ҫίһˡ
ףղ,ԣ
㵽,һҪ̽ҽ,Ҫϻˡ
ͷӦף˵
ļ,Ҫһؼˡ
,ͷ,֣صأ
š
ǵļ,ʱǡԺǻиõļҡ
ף΢Ц,,ٴɢ,ӡ֮µİ,һڼģս
ſ֣˵
һᱣ㡣
ڶ죬˿ٷһ·,ʱֵڣҲǳʱʤ̨
ʤ̨ǰվ,ǽڵĵӡ
࿴,΢΢ۡǰ,ȶԼ๰Ҿ
ӭʦɽʦ
üһʱû
ѾӴȥ,Ҳǵؿʣ
ôˣﲻôʦһ
λڵӻشǣ
ǽӵŵһʱ佫ʦȥʤ̨ͨ
ǳ˼£ҲΪʦҪȥֳģο֮
λӵ˵ͷƹʤ̨С·ȥ
ʱ⡣ľսﰵǵǼϺСҪ浽һҲȫ˵ı¡
һ·λڵӼϷɽֱ߷ڵɽ
Ȼֻȥʦ𡭡
üĿͣһ񣬻տĴ
һ֮ǰʱȫͬտׯŹɻڽƮʯ̷񷶥ӲȻķΧ
ڴղĵطվһŮˡ
ţҲʦǡ
Ʒһ߽
ʺã
Ӽ࣬ɽݼʦ𣬹븣
°ݡ
ȵʽ꣬ʦʱ
ͽ𡣡
վʦٶȿڣ
֪ʦҹΪ£
ǿڣׯϣ
ļԣʵ
ش
޶ۣʵδҲδֻԼԵһЩš
ʣ
ţ
СĴǣ
ţƽȣȳΪػ󣬲ʵΪУ˳Ӧʱġ
ǵͷ
ˣãá
໹û˵꣬ûм˵ȥ֪ʲôʱʿɶֹ
Ŀϣβʣ
ɻбҪҵ£
Ƭ̣
ȷʵʦ顭
ףʶδѣ˵ʱʦΪŭҲڲףʱĽ
Ҫ˵ȥʱʦȴ˻ִ
̣
û˵ֻ꣬ȥߵʦǰ
Ƕׯϴһıվתȥǽĳ۵İݴעһ
ɫעǽڣǴˮһ㲨ǽڻζʧ¶ſСĿռ䡣
ңʦȻңʲô
ǵ˵

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ǣ
С󷨣һзΨǱ߷ܵ
˽ȥĬߣ˺ܾúܾãԼһʱڵˡ
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ǰȥΪ𾪣
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СžȻֱͨڣ
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ʲôز
ɲǼͣȻȴ͵׹һֱͷĽڿ¡
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Ӳ֪ʦ⣬Ӳʶκ
ȻһЦ
һǵյʱǸССӤҲι̣³ݺݵҡڵһС
˵
СʱңҶϤ꣬Ϊֿ٣ʥ񣬿㾹ƻǡʧ
ʦһȻˡ
ԭһֱõĸʦϼûУУҲȫֲЩ塢١ࡣ
һУҲûʹԭԸҲûʹԸλνʦôѹˡ
ûлشֻʣ
Ȼ֪ˣ㣬ôң
ǶĬµĳĬСݣĹӳòʦͽϣ˫ӰȾ
Ǹм֣ܾ
ȴȻתߣǸʯϽƲõʼһ渵۵˵
֪𣿹һֻŲܡΪʲôܹѹһΪķԴͨߵ
𺳲ѣСС·𿴼ͨߵӰӡúɫʯһССΣ⣬Ϊʲô֮ǰûע
ǽ˵
ͨǧǰǿɽٺڣڶɽ֮ʱȫΧ˶ڵΪãʱűڵӡڡһ˴Ի᳼֮ͨڵɡԭ
Ǻ¶һЦ⣺
ɵʱλţԼڵͬʣûܳڵÿ꣬һֱûʳڵᱩ꣬һֱʳڵֻʵǿͻƷӡʹڻһ
ԲܲιҲι̫̫ǿÿһŶ뱳ΣΪѰҺʵʳڵƽӶסڼ̫ƽ
ഽ΢΢Ҳŷ
㡭˵ЩѵҵţΪҡ
û˵Ѿ˵һС
මȻʶʲô㣺
˵ҵð׸Ե



82 Ժ󡭡ֱ
Сһжص,һ˿ҲûУֻӲһʦͽ
ǵȻͷ
á
ֱţͫ𽥷Ѫ˿
֪,Ҳ֪ҺҪ,ΪʲôΪʲôҪһ㶼ںҵ뷨𣿡
ȴƽ
˽飿Ϊ˽飿޵ߣӦһ˽,桢֮Ϊ׷,ν˽,Ͳó֡ѳ,Ҷڽ,֪ܸ,ҿԵһжû
۾,ֻ,۾ȥ,ȥԱǰʦԭǸᡢżҲʱ̵ʦ,ǲͬһˡ
ôأΪԭеֵ,ҲеһԭûЩԭжôĺ
ԭʼգĸһĽ֮ˣȴֻ,ȫʵС
ſڣɳƣ
ҡǲӦأ
Ƥ,һ,̧һֻ֡
оλһɴϮ,ȴȫס
һжǰ֮˽ڣôֵܵùʦ׾,ϵȥʦС
ң
˻һǰȥȴһڵϣֻһ߾롣
ƴȴôҲûǰһڿͽ͵ץȴƲϡ
ǽϣⷭתϸؿһ
࣬Ҳ㣬Ȼᱻƽһֻƭȥʿô࣬ƫƫϲһֻȻڹ̰ܽ
˻ƣ·һʹУ
ңҡôҰ
Ȼֻǰ·ʲôûżһ̧ͷͷɢҡ˻ơֻۣ΢΢һü
ڣׯϵ
Ŵӣʧ̬Ժţɲܽκ˿⸱ӣ𣿡
˵
㵱ţұжⵣˡһȥһطӣʱһΪոԼֻΪҵĵ
˵ʱ͹ʳָϣ·һֻͷβһͫûһ˿һʡ
ѾᣬֽͼεȴҲûЧֻһԱŲ˼ߡ
Ŀڼϣ˵
Ϊҵĵϧô࣬㾹δҵΪ鰮ִšʵڲá
ὣݺʦֱۿȥһͬһǿġ
ɫɷףҶĿֻＷ
ҡң
ٶþȫһö
һΣĳǳȥģ
¡һôСʱȴ·ǽص죬ڵϡ
աһ·һ촫ҲС
Ȼһס͵ǰϸ飬ɫ
ӲɽҲ
ƺûκˡŻʯϣּһ硣
عͷԼɫ
ÿһŶΪϹҪԳΪΣȾ֪ҲˣʹǰǣţгϺңġǣˡ
˵ʱǹĻȣҲȷܿ
˵
׽һͬӴ˻ɢ
ɤ˵
ǸɱңԺô
ȴν˵
ǹˣ㸲Ҳ޷תֻأԶֻҪǻһ죬㲻︴ա
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ʲô̱ҪŤβܣܱ˵
˭֪ʲôȫ֪еȡ
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ŪģֲǶʱҵʧô죬ΪȥԼá
ɫǺ죬Ҳ֮
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ףЩ鲼ϣȷʵùģʲô£һײƾԵòôˡ
΢ת˫ֹסಱյԷߴڳѣ
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ཫ·ȥף촽ڼ϶֮䴭Ϣ˵
׼Ҳûҵ·ˡҾϻڵĹٴζԡ



83 ϶ˣ㲻ٶҡ
ߺճ,ƺ࣬ܺá
ڵڶԷֱۺ,Ͼ˼ⲿ羰
סףβ,ȥ
ߵǸλأ
ףӲͷƤش,ͼѹȥ
ô,
ȴ,ָһ,Լ,͵ǰ
,ҿ
ףѵõߺ,ͷ,ëƤϲ
ҲҪ
Ҳױ,㽫β,Ҳûʲô,ǡ
ûжãǼ±ʪһƬƱӽˮһ㡣
ཫɳƣ
ԭǴʲôʱʼ,ҵ·ģ
ף߳ŭ,ȴ᲻ö,ִϸȥ
,ҶǵáҲ˵ˣɡ
˫,ӨȥߵΨؽڴŷϸСۡ
೹ƿУΪһĲϡ
ʱҪУһЩˮŵֱᷢ֨֨ҪãȻͷףϣҧһڡ
Һ㡭
ףŲôͻȻһҧһһкǧӵµĴȾ˸͸
ţеʧûиܵһڼ򡢻Ŀڵᡣ
ųغش
Ҿڡǰʲô롭ġ
û˵ֻ׼һ֡ףæס֣
ϣ
ȴЦһ
ôˣҲϰ࣬ϲˣ絽´Ҳûйϵ
ףܾòԾǴʦôûܿгԷǿֱĶʧȥǣ˼
һȹˡ絽һֱڴϣֱȥЩʳ
ʱףҪԵĿǺϤζ
СԺ֮Уףڴϻָţż·߳ȥ
еʱ̣ůŮվ̨֮Уɵʳհڣʹ顣
ȴܿ˫Ϥ֡
ף뵽һΣ߻ħȻؼҲͬѣͬŷţͬʱ̿ΪԼ
˫֣ʱע⵽ˣҲǡùˡ
аɣ֮ǰ֪λŮޣΪֿ
ף֮žӣ΢΢𴽽ǣЦ߹ȥñִӱľ
ҪҰæ𣿡
Ķ˵Ϣࡣ
ãȥǱߵųԷͺá
еĲˣƫͷ
ףŬŬ죬Լǣ⣬Цǹ
ڵ̨ǡ
ףͶرۣûп಻ٱˡ
۾⶯ıĽëƤ֮΢΢ͫʣнǶϸڣȫϸϸؿ
ǽףס࣬
ͷתͷˡ
ףɤɳƣ
ſʼðôһϷ޵ĸоˣ

𣿡
ףҡͷ
ǲãܾáڣвȷжҡ̽ͲΣҶûС

ˣ϶һ϶ˣ㲻ٶҡ
ףЦ°ͣ
ʶʿһë񡣡
ƫͷƳһۣȥҨһһڣ
㲻ϲ
ף
ô᣿ҿϲˣϲýϲ϶ҵ~
β·Сӣṳס࣬Ŀڷƽ£޲
УףʢһСȵݸף
ϲθڡ
ףЦų
úȣʲôãҡҲܺá
弾Цŷ˸ۣתˣֻһҡҷ˵ıӰ
Ÿ˵ҳеЦȴûЦֻǱӰÿһҡڶļ䡣
˻ط䣬ڰǰ˷ףóصľƿ뼾á
һʼףǵ˵ԼȾƵ£ֻ൹һС
һںȾӵݹȥ

ףֵһһںȸɣݹȥ
ӰɣûУ
ף١һǻҳӣһ󱭣ݸࣺ
ܺȵô֮ǰǲܺȾô
ӹƲľƱһףЦ
֮ǰºڣҺȻ¡
Ǵ󱭾͵ߣףĿ£ཹོȸɣȥ
١
ףλֻʣ׶ľƿǰ˺е㿴ˣ
㡭ôϲǼô˵Ҳзڣ
ѾҡͷԣΣãȻࡣȥÿӣеòֻڿһΡ
ɲζᣬ˫ڵͫʣҲֻףţͫвԣ·ǧһĿ⡣
ֹ
顭Ҽ㣬Ҫ顭
ףסЦˣƵСŮ̬˿ǡʳָ󶯣Ե
վ˹طѹڴ϶һ
౻۸ˣ۽ǱӨᣬȴǿزϱ۾ǱĲϸϸԸŹκ̬
ףЦ
Եǿˡ
෴Ӧܿ죺
װǿҿװǿԶೢԡá
ףЦãܾüؼԺ϶ȼֱ̫ˣΪصԼĵ̣Ըаȫô
ףּһָͼྪģ
һֱˣСԺճϢ˷·˰µӡ
ֻ˰²һ㣬ҹͣط϶֮ᾲӵһ𣬸ű˴˵
ף֪лû˵
ǲʲôң
඼ҡͷ΢Цü
ûѽ
ףֻ÷⣬˵պ˵ʱ򣬷ֻҪһ𣬾ʲô¡
*
ɽ֮⣬Ǻʮλϣŵǽս
ݴǿﾹڳɽУҪŵǿսһ´Ͷ
û뵽Ȼһǿ׽УսⰻȻڴ˵ؼ죬ȴѪս
ţ*ɵѾ㹻ֹѰս裬ڸˡ
ҷɽǻ㱨ǵͷȥ
Ҳʣʱ֣һֱҼ࣬񾿾ںδʱ򣬵һҪ쵼
ɽĽµģֻ˵ఴҪȥ²δԳɽֻһڡ
˿̣ĿƽӸ£һĽ磬
öʱһ֪ͨǡ࣬һҪʱ֣ΪЧ
Ҳĵ΢Ц
Ǹ˷ĵĺúӡ
ǵ
¹ұὫ²ʱ᲻£ЩԸҲͷˡ
ȻǵͷӦ¡



84 ս
ҹ,ѵõذֻӵǱ˴ˣȴû
ںڰиף,˵
,Ӧңʲô,Ҫȥ,֪𣿡
ףüͷ,ȥüң
׳ʲô,㻹ǲԸң
ģ
˵,ûʲô,ֻǡ,ҡǾ,Ҳȥ,㶮𣿡
ף
Ҳ,㲻,Ҳ㣬ҪúõһҪûҾͲˡ
˵ζ,ȴתȥӦͷʱ,˫ҹɫ˸ǹ⣺
һҪȥ,ΪҲҪúû,֧Ϊ磬ҲҪš
ףҧһڣ
˵Щ,治
ְԼɶԷĦգ˵
ֻһӣŲ硣Ҫû㣬ҶҪ鷳
౧סף˵
ôû˯˯ɡ
ȷʵʱףû˯ʱ䶼һԼǾҲò˯ˡ
౧ڻţϤϢףҲƤȥ
˯֮ǰż˵λ
㡭뿪ҡ
ף׹磬һΡ
ͼǣ֣صСʱסǸСׯСʱӸǰ
ЦŸָָӣҲЦһȥϱ㳤Ưİɫ䡣
һɫ죬һɫСÿһϳܿǺᡢӣͱɷĿɰСˡ
򿪻ɵСţ߽ȥףҲŽȥͷж죬ϲŴм䣬Ա߳һøߴϼĺϻϱ鲼ĵҩ
˵ر̬ȥס࣬ڻҲЦŻӦ
֪ΪΣѸȥŮޣȻһ߿ݹǣ
ǿݹȦҫźɫ棬ſݣף羪װ˵
˵ûˣôʡ
࣡
ף͵ؽг۾ܡ
͸սڵͶһһҰ׵ķ飬˿ûů⡣
ףڱĴϡ
ߣһˡ
*
ʲôףֲµĽڱŶ
ף˳𴲼һ¡
»Ǽ伯ʱģʱһ֣ʱ۾˵·֮ǰȫһ
ڡ°ڴźɫƣĺ䣬ף³ţ̧ͷʿȥ
µĽɫ˿һȦһȦڹ
ףַ̧ųȴǼӹ̽磬ǽǽٿȻջء
䣡飡
ЩĹһڵϣ޴졣
ףֲõˣµĵҵ˼̨̳һ
ףϿ
ȫʿޡޡ޵ȵȣĶսǿͣٸˡ
󲿷ִƷȴٲִŸɫ·Ǳģһһһ
ǰ֮ˣǣǸ֮ǰϺѵš
ڼλϣףʶЩ˾綼ѵڣһ䡰ϲġ
мɵĳϣȫٻڣһλڱչضĳϡ
ݷǳǿ󣬼ۺʵһ뻹ࡣ
ףĿѸɨˣ಻У΢΢һЦգǹ֣
λ𣬴ôϲģΪץһˣʿδ̫Զ˰ɣ
ǲδ˵òׯüĿ˫ǰлһ貵ı

ףͫȻͫ߳ȣ
룡
Ȼѣ޴˦ݺݹ
սɫ˷ףжסΧ£֮Ĺǵع
ףһʮȻҫͬһö̫ӲЩܵĹֻȥ
ĿȷҲֻҪٵ˱κãǱɱ궼𣬳Ǳǿҹ֮ɡ
ֻ֪ȥĶˡ
У
дܴԲһǽϿ˼ǿĳ󣬽ֱ۴̴Ѫεδȥ
ˣ֮˶Ȼһ񣬸๥Ϯ
ףֱѪ·óʪǴһĻܣһ߶Ǵܲסʡ
һ͵͵ġսǳɫжαȻϣ
Ĺͣһ˲ͨ¶֣ȥ
ǸձڵĿɲˣһλڴܣͨжͨĴڣǰûУֱӾͶˣ
ʵ˿ֲ
ףǰ壬мλܹ
һһף˿£ʮ˶һˣ֧穣Ǳһ
һֽһܣȴҲۿɼؼһЩ
Ҫˣһϣ
ǰɾӢں󷽣ǰ
ףһһǽƾն𣬵סЩһķ˹Ǳ߳塣
һģɵ³һѪ
ңңվǰƺܽףγɱ߲ǰȥ̶̵ľȴ·ǵ
ף˫۾ҧʣ
ŪĶȥˣ
ǲδװɵĿƳҲڳɱ֮ȴ
úܺãϹš
ףȻһһƽʸУʹ
һŨѪȴҧߣ
ϲƭңҲŲϵ϶ˣһȥߣ
Ѫһελ䣬ףڴεķȥֱȺס
ûлش𣬴ƤһЦ
Цһѵףࡣ
Ĵ׽ȷʵѣ߼Ͻ䣬ͷҲб
һֱɱսҲӳɽŲԶڴڵɽͷϡ
ףѽӽݽߣߣҲʣֻ࣬λڴܻս˼;ƿݡ
ͨӸ˲֪ûȥ㣬Ҳ⡣
һֱû³ָˣںʵʱó赲ףѣе·ŵѪϢһֱ𶯣ȴһѪ͡
ҳһѪس嵽ǰ
ţȥаûԮˣ
ȴ͵͵˵
˭˵ûУ
̧֣ӿһǣһѪ֣սѪߣ֮˸
ʱףɱѪҰʺɫҲϾ˼ʲô
ǵӰ֮ʱǶȻ֮һ£·ܵĺ
һȥǰ˵ͷתȥ
貣ϦϼǵӰȻս룬һɫѽྻ¡
ĳ˯ǰףΪĿʽֻɢЩ̬ȴû䡣
ף۾һƣ˵
࣡û°ɣû
ĻֹסΪ
൭ĮƳһۣһֻɫȻ򡭡һߡ
ףĵˣȴһֱˡ
վ࣬óһʵ޻ĳԶԶֱָףüġ
ףӮµ̫齣
ףĿһзֱ⡣
غ
࡭࣬ҰҴߣǡһߣòã
΢ش˫֣ǵɫӰ
ֻһһķԼҲƿߡ
վԣ̫齣ù⻪貣ˮ콻ӳ
·̫ɽ֮һµ̫
ڿףһۣ漴һߣףĿλãƺѡķλ
˿ûлӦףЩ
ڣ࣬һμʱǰ磺

̫齣
ʿǣŴʦɽХһһ
ǰ棬˳
ףֱʶؾſ˫ۣ˺ۣѪ죬ǰֱȫѪһԲܶԵơ
Լˡ
̫齣ࡣ



85 ԭһֱǡƭӡ
ʹϯ,ףʱʶղŷʲô
ǰʱһˡ
Ƕ˻Ǹ˵ζѿζ,һŵ㲻ɵ÷̱
߻˵Щ
Сĵ,˿ڡҪҪһط
ףãǼࡣ
һһͬԿ¡Ȼġ
Ҫ͸,,ϡۣúÿ
Ҳûѡ,Ҿѡ,ȷʵֻһ,Ϊҿ,ֻסӡ
뿴˵,ε
ʶ,
һġⲻǳŵ,ҵľ
ףһѣ,һжˣ
˵,Ҫϻڡһ𿴵ˡ
Ҵû㡭
߰
ԣֻҪ㡣

ӽˣϢһ,ոµºҫۣҪһӵƵ,ǰӡ
ë΢΢,Ӱ,ڵȴһǡ
ϸؽ̫齣ǰѽøۡ
ʹǼʹ֪ʹ,ףֱ治壬Ҳֱ棬ֻԵء̰ǰ˵Ľë
˵ѪӿѪϼüۣȾʪݡ
ĹŻȾۣȴֲп
ף̧֣ȥȴվûָ¡
ȣѪζ̣ζѪζڸǣûްҰҡΡ
ף¡
ǵһνǣںڰɡ£ӴףҲºڰԶǵöԷ촽
ֺںڰҹӵҹ֮УжԷ
вĽҲᰮ
ѪȫȾ죬վסҪ໳ﵹ
ȻΡ̫齣Ѫӿһףȥ
ȥһֱһֱȥб߽磬ƽأһֱȥ
û˻ٽ
ףе㶮ˣǾ仰һУϹȻ
ǣ͸˰˺аְ
ףȻ׹ĿѣۿѪڵ˵
ԭһֱǡƭӡ
޶ԣվԭأ̫齣½һѪңңؼ䣬ΨŮվ֮ǰ
һնɱǿ
ģ
ףƴһ˿
ǽſâʢһ˲㽫Ǻɴ
ˣ
ֱ˿̲Щ飬¶˷ܣڿתһȦۿûŽջС
׳ͽ
Ҳ
ʦǿ˹
ѵΪ׹
*
ͷգۣ˫ֲָǱ̫齣Ѫϴɾֽǽջؽʡ
ڰվ˻ԣڷ
תɫƽǣ
ʦѳ
οضͷϵıʯ
ͽյ׹
񣬹ӣ֮ʱСӣ̱üʦַס
ۣվ֮Ψһһƣȴ
ֵ
£ͷƺˡ
ʦ㣬ɽûסˡ
ոɾؽסҲȥˡ
ãסʦסĵط
̫ˣҲ룡
ǩǩ
*
һΣǲʤ
ٹæɳ϶ˣЩ˶Ҫָ˵ֵ⼸켦Ȯ
Ҳˣˣܲ뱾׽ĶǾӢӣһʧô࣬ʵ
ǻŲߣ׼˸ɵл񣬲ǸаƤëѪ⡢Ƴɵķϡҩȵȡ
ֻҪʵĴۣ˶ڱѺáЩԺҲҪֵģҺúÿ
һڸɵƷǩ֣һ߶վһԵļ˵º͡
ڼΪ󹦳ÿնҹҲɽͷϣŴСΪ֡
˶֪ཫҪˣֻһСС
ȥЩµɵõĴۣȻԻȥҲԼҳˡ
ּ֮ͨǵļͥʦ𶼱ź˲մ״ʵ˶λá˸ӿİҲƽϢˡ
ȺΪΪǧ׽ɣϴ˵Ƶ¼
һжҪֻҪ׽סά׽ɵ󣬴Ӷ׬ȡ桢γѭôǵ¡лκδ۶Խȥ
˼šʦģҲ֪ԺҲһ
ڵľ񴫳С
ڼ࡭תѯʣ
һ£к˼к򣿡
ഹΪīָǽڲ԰ףһɫ
Щʱɫܲã޶ãֻȴĻش
źīش
򵽣Ҫ͸˽˽ԼȻֻ໥ӳģҵԼĵ·
ʣ
ˣҵĵô
ҡͷ
޶ۡ
Ǳ㲻ʣֻ΢΢һЦ
űܶˡ
ҹסڴķһԺǰҪ˾סɨ÷ǳɾװθûʣ趼Ĺ淨
ڻԷУȱĿڰȴ۾
ʶɨķ䣬оˣۺȴֱۡ
ʦʶ
లֱʦʶ뿪ŻƤ
´·ֻһ£ȥָԼ˱¶ˡ
򴰱ߣۿҹɫЩȺ죬ſűЩ˫ĿЩ졣
ָݺԼȣֱôѪ죬·Ⱦ죬Žɬƻȥ
ۣתȥŻ󴲣
ʵֻһƣδУڵ״̬ض߻ħ
߻ħкҪҪ
Ǽ֮Ǵٴδͨ
ǽ΢͵ƹâǰ·ʦͽһǰһӰӳڵϣ֮䰲
εϴȫͬãġͽûϼӼܣǰͽŲͣ˺üϢŷ֡
΢΢ͷࣺ
ͣˣ
һƬϸСƵѩƬ޲
£ֻ򡣡
Խö࣬Խ죬Ҫġ΢΢һЦǰУ߱ʣ
ò棬ֻʲô
ش
档ΣѺ޹ϵ



86 ڻ
һ,տž˼
ǰ˵밮ͽʱ,,˸ҽӽ
֮ͨУ,оز,ǰС
ߵȺɫСŸǰ,ſ,ԼЦ

üĿǰ,ƿš
ûκ,ֻҪ,˭ܹƿ
֮Ϥľ,ʯڽ֮,ƽ÷·بδ䡣
·δʮ֮ǰ,һֻڵǿ,ʹٶ硣
ֻǾʯâӳӳ˵ӡ
ǰȥһ,УԼ൭Ȼ
,
ǰ,ȴδ,ĺ챦ʯ˵
ʦкν̻壬ϴ
ǼԸ,㽫Լ𼸴͡
ͱ˵
ѰԪӤʮڽѳ׻ѪˮǳɢȴͬǿͨڵֵĻᡣ
˵˴࣬۲ı顣񶼺޲΢΢ͷ˵
ˣ֮ˣʹѹ㵱ʱúܺá
ƽƽĿⲢδϣֻ棺
ʦ̻õʹ;֪֮ʦѪӳֲٿأʹҾ˵һ֮
ǵ
ֻҪͷΪʦ㵱㻹ǵұСŮΪʦԸһ֮´֮λ²ᡣ֪ڼ֮ô
ಢδкɫȸлʦ
лʦԮ֣Ϊ·ʦ֮ӱؽģղ
΢΢һЦ
ߵƣһ֮ڱˡǰһֻڼ˵һС߸ڻ¡ͽв
໺Ƥƽͳ
Ӳ޲
ЦЦ˺ȻĿϬؿ
ѡ
Դǵʹ
Ӳҡ
ǵ
㱾ӣͶҲôû⡣˵ֻϸ΢ܻڣҶ⡣
̧ǵĿ⣬ᶨƽͣ
ˣӳϣȷѹ֮⡣
ǿ۵סλСŮʶŮ壬Ϊ㣬ˡ
ֻǼȻ㣬һ֮賤þõĥۣܽӲ縺ص
ڵһ߳ȥˡ
ζءŶһβڴһ͡
ͣ
ѹڣΪһֻӾȻ;ãΪһЩν˿иģǵǷĹ鰮֮ġӴ˺󣬵ֻԸΪ񡣡
Ŀɨļᶨݣڻͷ
д˸дá
ٴ㲻ΥˡǰȥһӨָȥ
ǿź챦ʯ⻬·İ񣬴һ˿Ӵı壬΢
ľϸӰСţ˵̳Ľ
һУȴûκϤĴСɵûɣССİ
ӵһ
ջָƽ޲
ʦˡ
ǣ
кθд
ࣺ
챦ʯ̣Ử滺ɬ
ǣ
ֻƤë
ࣺ
޶ۡ
ǺһЦ
Ҳã߸֮ʣٴ
Уתߣüϡ
ϣֹϺɫľš
ǰһۣڵĽʹ۾
ȥѪ˿ȴδЧͨ޷ʹֻöһ˫ɬʹۣסǽǣڰ
ǲδͷ
ص֮ǰǺȻӹһš
򿪿δŵݣһֻ·ӳǶμ֡
֮£˺ţٴᵽ֮¡θ룿
Ħŷ⣬λβն£̧ۿǣ
ʦк뷨
ǣ
붫һύãǿǿ֣Ӵ˱ͳкǿӦϣұ㽫֮λ㣬ӴѸ¡ϲҲǿλ֮ѰʱҲһ
ն
ˣΪڣԸ⣡
оȣȴοЦˣ
ҰġΪʦ㣬ܺùΪһ鰮֮¿޿䡣
Ҳ𴽽ǣ
лʦ⣬ʦĿģزʦΡ
Ǵ±㶨ˣ׼ˡ
ȥš
Զģڰ֮ǡ˵ģףһա
˵ǾԳƵǡ˫ϲš
¶ΪʦĽ洫λæµ϶ϲЦݣæǰæ󣬸
ΨеǱߣʦ߽ڣϵС˶
ʦҪˣôأôҪأ
ڱһתᣬ۾׵øƵģĵʦ޵
ĲܽܰСҲ˵ءа϶ǱΣҵĴʦ㣬ذ
սûʸμӣûﳤʲôֻ˴ʦӢˣʱΪʦ㿪*أôʦ֪ҲΪʦƵġ
ڣʦôȻҪˣǸҽ
ô찡伯ѽ
ʦദӣôʦ㲻˰ʦ㿴ʱ۶ѽ
Щأʦ㣬ڻ
ֻܺݺݿޣ޵߲·޵ԼðǣȴҲûʲô취
Լʦ޶ȥɹϵʳģǡʫһӡ
ʫǴʦĿȷ˿ڶ֪
һʫһֱɫȦҲܳأȻæʦ£ȴƺʹ࣬һǡ
һ˿ϣ߹ȥʣ
ʦ㣬㡭Ҳ֧°ɣ
ʫ￴üͷصͷ
԰ʦӦòϲλҵģ

ϲˣ
ʫ
ô˵Ҳԣϲ˰϶пԵİ
ʫﱧͷʹޣΪʦı·һᡣ
ʱ򣬼ΪǷһյ衣
ǺȻ
Ҵλ֮Ѫͽ˰ɡ
ָ΢΢һܿ콫յźã
ʦԸ



87 
ʱĺ,ľ𽥷ʢӷ嶥¿,۷ƽ֯,Ȼ֯͵Ļ̺
վڷ嶥,ķ´,߸Ʈ
,ӰҾ
ʦ,ŽҸ˵һ,˵һ,һݲ嵥,ǵÿ,ȥ鿴
Է,Ĺ,Ͷϸ
֪ˡ
˱˵
ȥšʦ㡭ķڸ,ĲȥһûκҪ𣿡

ţÿ
˱㹪뿪ˡվɽң˺üɽͷȴԶɽڴɫе
Żɽ,ҹ֮󣬳ɽܻȥɾŨɫ
˵ɽ,Ū,Ҳ˷˵,һֻʱģǿǴʦ֮أĸض졣
ڵȷæֻ,ǻҪɽѲ飬ÿɽͷúüһѰұۼ
ڲûҵǳɽϣַּµ
磺ɽµϿУԼĶѨﻹв󷨵ĲۼҲڴ˵
Уɽɽ֮Уڳһֻɱʬ塣ﲶɱʵΪҪʬͷһҩΪ˶Ŀ֤ݣ
УɽѾճɺ̿˷֣СԺĵز͸Ѫ֣Īͳôʦ㲻֮ʣڳɽСԺܹˣ
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ն´˵Ķ飬һ·ĳӣԽ½ÿγ־ռŴĻⳡֵ˾֪Ϊɽδʢᡣ
ڹ㷢ʿ½½вĸˣ͸ŵĳϵȣģ졣
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ױ˿Ľսָˡκ˷κϸڣܽԼһ
ת϶룬뵤תʮܣٶ϶תܶʼ·Ȼ
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ʩһ۷ڿռ϶֮У˭ҲҲ޷Ĵڡ
λã»ʱԵķ
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,֪ӺδƮǧ,ʰ,翳㳡ƻõĻʷΧС
ȻʮλŮվڰƳɵĳϣ𽡢ȸ,ʰŮֳָɫҥ´ɲͣ
⽥ңϵĸҥΧǱ˴˵ڴ˫γ
һƴ֣ߵΪⳡδ»ɷѿģն´˿ں󷽱Թ
˵˲ҪŪôʵ·׸
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ƶ˵бͣȫһǱ߿ڴλ½桢һŵĳ
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ѪӿʽȫȾѪɫѪˮ
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ֻܼ޸ҡ
Ҫޡɱƭֱһ



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硢ױڵħ,ҵŰƬʡ
·㳡Ϸ·˵Ĳ֫Ѫ֮Уҽ뺰ɱԶ,ᱻѪˮû
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Ҫ֪Լˣ϶ġ
ڴֹһ죬ֱ峿
ϣʱȻլԺ֮⴫Լ˵
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90 й߼
˵ֲҪ˵,ĥúʵӢ
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ʹشִ̧ۿżԶľ룬ȴʲô壬̫ˣ۵ʶģ
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ƭӡ
಻ÿɷû磬ֻȴ
ףתָ΢΢һħ㶼ջڣκβ
˿ѪЩħ
ħγһ˲˺ʹڵļ˵ʹֱԺԡ
ħףıӰһ߳ȥѾ׺ǹ˸һЩǹ·ף۽ϣΪһõĸо
࿴뿪Źرգûеƣֻ¹Ӱ͸ͶһЩơ
ûôˣеƤκá
ףûҪҪͲϴҩˮߵʱħߡ
ףܲð
ڵϢϡӶף
ݣÿһ仰ϸ΢ڣÿһͣʱϸµüҪк塣
áԸ
عһҹεڶĥҲգйҲãܸ˵ϻͺܺˡ
Ȼ֮ʱ䣬ףûٳ֡
ֱҪˣûκ˹һ˴ڷ͸
˿ͳ׺ˣֻһף£ּԼϱУЩֹþֹ
ֱһ֮һҹף̤СԺ



91 ζ˫ĵ۾ڳ
һʱ,༸ϰԼҲϰÿճ滨ݺɣֹ,Ͻ¹ճ
޽Ȼ㲻,Ψһ·ǳãԶ,Ҷõ,ƽ׿úܶࡣ
ڼλչĺûֹ,Ӧ,κ˽ӽ
粢˻ӭ,һŵŴʦ,ֻſ־
ҹ,ո,һ¡౳,͵,ԺԶԶнŲ
͵ؼ,£תԺš
һ
ŲԺǰͣˡ
Žٵ˼,ʼеڸŵķ
Ȼ˺þ,Ҳû
Ҳû뿪ĽŲ
ҹԲ,ԺѩĵͶŵӰӡվ,δŷͶһƬӰȴܲ
ƽ,ŷ֮˿Ӱӣ͵͵ؿɤӣʣ
Ǻ𣿡
ſڽŲȴԶȥˡ
ǷԼˣԲôз·˹ɽƵĿ䣬ѹ
ûȶ룬Ų
νŲ˿ûͣ٣ᶨٵߵǰƿԺš
µףŲͣѸٴԺӣķŽݡ
඼ûüվͽˣһĺһ󻨲Ũ㡣
ôѪζ֮Ψֵζ಻ɵ̧ͷš
Ǽ̣ͦ⶯ɫͫ͵ƹ󴲺ͻӰ֯һ㰲¹һͬ
ףĬ
վһغɫ¶̿ǳۣԼ·Ϊ˸ƷԼһɫͷɱԺ󣬲һ㳤鷢
ɾĴ磬ִһ㽭΢ʱǸҰŮ
ף΢΢´ȫ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȿ˵
㻹ææ۲ۣ
ĺ֪һ첻һǷǳæǳ۵İɡ
ףشĿѲϡǼģһ߲һúܳԼ
ûãСֻһ롣е㲻˼
ȱ𿴣١
˵͸ףһȴһħϮ˺÷飡
ƬڵأϿˣȻŵ棬̧ͷף
ףޱ飬ɫĴûȴرĳ֣
ƭӡ
͵׹һ¡
ǿ̧𴽽ǣЦҪޣ
ʲô
룬ԼĶһֱѵֻʣ£վǰ
ϴεѾˣʲôУֻҪħߣܹԼָ
˱ۣһ˿Цſ˫ۣ̹ϵؿף
ɡ
ףվԭأ¹⾡ڵ£ĳ򣬽ɫӰС
޳ѩ׳¹ɢںɫϣڰ໥ײȺڸڵʡ
ı飬ûгǸӡ
಻֪ǺǻһԷӦϲź֪ط
ýԼôصġ
Լ´ϣãϵһſſӡ
̧̾Ϣʣ
ûлҪ˵𣿡
ףɲ֣һס򢣬Լ
ಢδκη¶ԷָѪ⣬°ͺͲʼѪħҲƽ˿С
ףڼľ۾˵
˫ĵ۾ڳ
ЦЦش
԰
ֿ϶ز䣺
Ҫʲôԡ
ڣ˸ɫǹ⣬ףʱܴЩƭ˵顣
ףһָѪ⣬Ѫָ⣬ҷζ
ף䣺
Ҳһ֡
ǹȴºͣû˿ͳ޵ζ˵
Բţ˵Ķġ
ƭӣһǼΪ߳ƭӣ˿ѻΪħףҲƬ̻㱡
ſѪ죬˵
սҴδƭ㡣
죡
ףȻ۷ݺһ
һаײϣҪɢܣ˳ס̧ۿЩ˲ıŭȴеġ
ŭܺù顣
ŴվĨһ°ֵѪ˵
˵ʵ
ףĬղ˲ıŭ·ûзɭż֪࣬ʲô
౻ħ򢣬ۣڴߣ֪Ӻ˵
ǧͷʵûΪԼףֻ˵
֪עġ
ԭעģҲǵʱ˼ǰ죬ΪףΨһһ·
ֻǸͨˣʲôȨıյϢ̫٣ʵûа취ȫף
ֻܼϣڻõԭ飬֪ԼȡԭⱾ飬ֻԼΨһıԱԽףֱִ̳һ
ԴƫһЩ֪ûá
ֻЩʯͷף˵ҽڡ
˵ЦһҪ˵ֲ֪˵ʲô
ϱԼ˯Ĵ˵
ĺһֱ֪ܳΪħ񣬳ΪǿĴڡ
ףȻ̤߹ץס򣬽档
͵ƹ߻谵ܿף˫ѪɫУ籡źŭҧ³֣
㡭˵ֻҾ͸졭
ɳƣſ̹ǵĺ⣬·һҪһ㣬˵÷ǳпᡣ
ȴˡ
̫̫ûкףôˣ֫໥Ѫȵȶħı໥ڡ
ŵףϢ仯ǴǰŨǸӸӡѩɽ躮ŵĶž
㱵ʣ
ζΪʲôˣ
ף˵ˡ˸Ź⻷
ȻݺĴ
˺ҧԵĽʳµĲ·˿̲ħףߣֻ뽫ֻﳹ̳ԡ
÷ֲ⽫ѪУֽʳһ°ͺϺݺҪһƤ
Ѫ̳Ըɾ촽г˿ڣرۡ
رˬ
ɣ̧ȥףĺ󱳣Ҫʹǡ
ȴһħݺݴȥףҲѸ뿪Ĵ
࣬ҡ
ףɳƵرĳ⼸֣һƣݳһѹͷļƵȥ
ոջ˵࡭
۾ѰȻ˫飬ȴѪ
㻹ϲҵѪ𣿡
ףüͷһӶתߡ
Ÿȥͼӣ
һио𣿡
ףߵø죬һ˦ֱۣ׽˦߳š
౼ǰ뿪ıӰ˵
ᾭ𣿡
ûлشʣ
ԭܱܲߣ
ûκλӦףѾ߳ԺţŲԶԶ뿪ʧ
վڻߣ°͡촽ֱѪףˡ
ȴ۵ζף仯ȴ۶˵ζ
̧ͷ£гϣȴ´εŲһ֪ݵ
Ǻǻǽڴ



92 ĥȻ
Ӱ任,Ǻüչȥ
ףߺ峿ֶҩˮˡ
ħ˵ûҪ˷άֽ,ԺСԺн綼ˡ
˵߾صһۼࣺ
ɱŸ,⸽ȫܣһаͻᱻ֪,üж,ҲǱ۸,Ž̯ӡ
,ȴܿ,ʰɨ,´Ʒ,·
촽°ܵ,ΪħԸò,Ŀ,˵ʱЩ©磺
,лл㡭Ҳȥġܰħʲôʱ𣿡
Ƴһۣû
ô֪ħ˵˭Ҵ⣿
ͷʾ֪,ֶԺһЦȻ˿ܿ,صõ˺Ťĵͷ
պö,ҲҩˮͰ˫źɫħ,ҹһֱ飬ʹܣϴ
ֱϴɾ,һЩԼ˿κãڷУɵصȴһμ档
ȻһǺüȥ
໹߳˷䣬СԺ˹䣬滨ݺͼɽȪˮֿ⼸շ䡣
ߵԺǰŴԺſȥȻû
СԺһƧСڣ߳СǷУУĵ̺̯λϣ༾û¡
ȷе棬߳ȥ֮С
϶߳ܣΪı־
ӴӴǡӡָ׵滤ֻͣɫӴ
һƿһֽͬдżһҪħͬʣףȵȵã
ֽ༷̯ӣ̸̯
ħͬʲô
̯һƥŮ۾һ˫߸
ûħ̫ͬˣħ沿Ƭֽħͬӡ
ͳʯһħͬһСƷһ˫Ѫ顢һ沿ƬһβҼ˵ˡ
Щ΢΢𣬼֡
˭֪Ȼһֻ·̧ͷϵζһУ
ޣôǱ룡
ֵٴУӵӣĹŵñԭӴܣŪýֵһƬҡ
ſ˫ֱʾԼûж⣬ûҶֻ֮Уǿꡣ
ΪЩͨ½ǶѣֻصԼסСԺȥֵֻֽˡ
Щѹȴֺް취
ǼȥֱˣָоףѾ˰ɣ
ʼǷϣϾͻ᷸˯ȴܻΣһֱ˯ڶҲѡ
ļˣ˯ø࣬ξ½롣
ξǶףףʱǣʱͱʱּҵؽ/ϡ

Ȼѣһ亹оʹԶز
߻̧ϰ޴
˼ң֪ϦϦȴ˫֣ʣ
ڡˣ
߲شϴ꣬·ҪԵ
ʱ򣬼Ժͷȥ֮¡
ʱġģһЩ
ָĺ󱳡
˭ҲֲһоοʼνһִȾмಡ齣ʶ
ҹЩ£ҲˣֻЩ
ܻ򲻿ܵķʽߡ˵Ľ֮䣬ǽԼһС
ΨûжԻ
ûκζԻ٣ʱԷ۾Ǳţʧصʱ̣Ҳˡ
ףŪʧȥᡣ
ʱӣȴֻǵߡ
ʱѼڰգñӾסС
ʱüԼӳ˦ȥһδεشϣ޷ﵽ
ܹɣûףʱŬҲԼ㡣
о߳ܣ̵̧ۿ
һ¡ߣҡ
ףǰţ˿ֻ
Լ
ֻܼ˫۽ףġԷüۣӹüҡ۽ǣͦı˫ڵĴϡ
ǰÿһνӴЩʱףܻѹڴϣҵ۵ǡڴûˡ
ףڶһУԵģһȷֶ񶾵ı
ɼֻҪܿͺá
ۣ񹥻Ұޣһ࣬ʧȥ׹䡣
̱һȻǿؽף
ףţվأӷϲûб顣
ʹŬϡ
ףֽճıޱݵߣ
ɾ
ſڣСèˮһһ㴥
ף*ߣسСè
֮ã·õĽ
ⳡջû˼룬ûʶֻбܵĳһз·Զ
ͻȻĳһ죬ʶޱ
ڻҲĴϣ²ϸܵĺɫС˿ڣħ˿֮ơ
쿴⣬꣬£֮ǰļûѾڽˡ
ʱ䡭˶ãֻ˯˶ã
Ϊʲô׷ʲô
ƶ壬ֻоҪ
ץŴӴϻŲÿŲһξͻĳЩλã˿ڷ·Ҳв٣۵ٶȡ
ЩķȻôۡ
ﲻ֪ʲôо̫ˣ֪鶼Ƕͱʶܾ֮ԼʱǹϣôЩ߳ܵΪ
ɡףԸЩ˵ףǲеתأ
˴ʰ䣬ȴԼѾݽˡ
Ӧ̫ûþޣԼֳħʴÿħ嶼ҪȥֿǼѡ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Żľһ䶼ʰˡ
ֻϢȻָˣ΢΢̾Ϣ˼ӸԼϣڻ߿ꡣ
ˮϢ͸ڣ˼壬໭¸ֳиϸҲ𺳡
ףź˫¶ʱм¶ڴǣ۴κνǶħ
౻ף»ץʱ֪ȻǰԭչߵģҪԭЩ˵ĥˡ
ŷ֣Ȼĥ𡭡Ļϰ
ĵԭ˱仯ļ࣬ܵǱЩʹϰٱŰɡ
ڣţô˵أͣҲرŰż㲻
е߳ܵһǣֻԼҲǿ֡
˵
Цʲô

ŵòһף֪ʱȻԣһڵϿ
Ŀ⸦һӴеԵļ¶´ĵ׷
ǡĥϰ



93 дһҹ
㡭ʲôʱģ
ʶԱһλ,ף롣
ûϸףݣЩճ־áξġףӡ
ÿһζ,ף˵
,
һϷף,ǰ,ſʱ΢Щ
ףüָ󱳵Ѫ,ڳһСƤ⣺
ٲۡ
಻òȫ̱۾
ʱףħס,Ҳʱֻòһ,֮࿴,ӡ
˿,ףֻĬ,ŲӵĶ,,ơ
ħûҪش޹ؽҪߵʻ
ԱŲЩ,Ծףվͷվһߣ˫ֽǰ,ʣ
롭
ףĬΣһЦ,ָû£
㵹Լô
˳ش
ǵ,
ףָûһͣ,Ҳ˵ˣε
㻹ǵö٣
಻֪̧ͷʵؿһ,æͷش
ֻܶ࣬ǵҺܻ㱣˯ѣһЩͷҵ飬Ҳǲ塣
ף¶ѩ׼ɫγԱȣп
ʱ꼸ûѹĳ
˳ô
üŵ棬˵
Ը⡣Ϊ㿪ģ֪ʲô
ף˻һ·µ죬ַ·굽˼޴㷢
ֱۣħץסĳۣݺڵϡ
൹£մһĺɫۣӹڵأһڸܵĻ
ͷڲסؿЦ
ܲܰ¸֮ǰʶ̫ѵĻЩ顭
ףû͵ζɢ˵
ʲôҲٶҩˡ
֮ǰǱҩˣˣҲûʲô׷ֵģֻĿ⣬˵
ҩɣҿԵġ
ף̧ţѥӺȻʧ߸ߵһֻȥȼ򣬽ѹøͣ͡
ۿһ仨ήҡ
Ϣȣ
ͷƭӡ
û˵ĬĬֻŵȥֱ˵ߣ޿ˡ
Ĳϲ̫ѡ
ף˵
ҡ
̧壬ϥǰͼҪȥȴֻŰס򣬲ǰ
ףֻŻϣԲȴڵĽֺסĴꡣ
ǵ衣
ʶʱѭĳֱҲˣѹˣʵ̫˸ˡ
ŴýֺҲ˵ֱ̧ͷף
Ŀ⼫临ӡ
ԸΪףҲˣɲҲܡ
ףѾôã𣿻ҪãһӣһӣԶȥ˵׷Ѱֻ֪࣬
ףǱ㲻ʼϲˡ
ϲףûô̶ֻǴף
ǿأһΣʽħף
Ѿˮãһã춼ȥ
ֱ˿̣һһңħ񣬾Լħ
̧һֻϸ˿ڵ֣סֻ׵Ľḧ˼¡
ȴǿߣԶԼŵϡ
ᶨ˵
ⲻı⡣
ף侲Ƥߵڳһ˿϶
ħ˵Ƥ΢΢۽ƬһֺܴĴ
ջֻţѥ³֣׵Ľʵذͬһ
ͬһʵʵԸչʾ˿Ǹƭ˵ĻŮ˿
ףҪû㣬Ȼһ߷ӣڼϡ
㶼û㣬һеЦ
Ȼߣħ
ףشˣħվٴʧˡ
һ棬ǰտķ䣬ֻǴеˡ
ſ˵˾䣺
Ϊʲôǲأ
ڼžֻһ˵ĵ֮ɢ
ˮϢŨˣһɢһָܵζ
ѵβһ
ЩȣҲս䣬Щ׵ļֻ֣ʣЦ
е䣬ۣȴ߳䣬ͥԺˮ
ˮ޽·ͬЩҰڷ裬ĳһϡ
߿ȥǿһ谵ˮĻ
Ҳû˻ᷢ֡
дһҹ
ڶ峿磬վصʰ
*
ħסԶլԺһͷһÿȥ֮밲ȴħˡ
ڹǰ̨ϱ˴˽̸
˵ħڣʲôܾǷ飬ȴҲȥħǱߣ˼ǣ
ҲҴħ˼֪϶ΪãûŪһ겻
˵Ҹʰ㣬˵ħΪʲôҪǸڵŵӴ磬լźţ
϶ȦնǸڵŲͽܣŲҹЩͨôܶħ˵ĸհԶ
ѽô˵ħЩӶǸŮլ֪ʲôأֻնҪŮˡܰɣ
꣡㲻ҪֻҲ˵ħʲôʲô϶ںݺĥǸŮޣҲõģ˭ְħ롭ޣЩȥ˲ˣǻǵȵȿħ˻᲻ټǰɡ
Ȼħ˲ϲټ֮ˣֻżһյСС赸ҲͰˣԸʼҲȤѱֺãǳз緶
Щߵ㽳ݵصţȴħ˵涼ûϡ
֮ڣ˿֮Ƶתĸ䡣
ףڻĳϣɫ˿£ŻƱŻƣȴһޱ顣
һףǱָ̧
ȥɡ
ղųһֻСɾǸˣͷĥĥ䵽档
˶ˣĴ齱ߣչԼһëڵأԼͳԵ߿
СһСԸ׸ħˣΪħ磽įħ˴
ףû˵ĬȥشֻڴߡӵĽš
һ룬ֲļУ

ֱֻһħϮֱһɲ˺ۣѪȻӿ
Źڵϴģ״ΣԼҲˣҲˣԴĵذϿƳѪ
ףȴԼմȾһѪšü
̧֣һħȴָӣϸԼĽš
ǽֺ׾Ө·ʲôûУȴַ·մȾĳŮ˵Ϣ
Щ㱣ָʶأǻﹴһ׹
һ񹤺ֲܴڡѷ죬ȴýں޺õССߡ
߻λεСԴѰش󣬿ܿɰ
ףһСĵͷߣü
ָ΢΢ؽһˤ飡
ûһۣʩչһ˲Խ磬ڼķ֮ڡ
ŭսǿҵķŭݺĥŮޣ֮ǰĻٸһٱ顭
Ȼڣһˡ
ΨһԲڴϣλεɢɫɫĹ⡣
ɫʯɫʯ֯䣬нɫƬСڽ·ʱᷢϸ΢
վڷ룬ֻԶԶ߾ͺƻصϸС
ֻģѩ׽űĴɪӵļࡣ
עĶλ
֪ˣŷ½ӵ
ף䣬һӹǽץС
һЩʯĥ𣬻һЩϸСӦǱĦΣûɫһȴСϸ޲ˡ
ףŽϸ΢غۼ뼾ͱʱᶨԺн֡
ʢᰮȴܱǰ顣˫ͬ۾һһͱڡȻٴܵ
롭ס
ħ磬ƷŪһƬǽ塣ħ˿Ҫһˡ
ףս߳䣬ħЯżΣȥ˷
ħе񷨣ÿһֻ
Ůޣץҵ͡
˶٣ֲһ䣺
Ҫġ
ҪҲֻ



94 Եֱһ˿
޽ܲͬ,ܴĳֻɵɫҲǻҳֻ̧ͷʱ,ܸоͨ͸
ɳ
ĳ֮һ,УҲֻɴͳ˳,ģ൱۾ӵͳС
֮ɽֺɳĮȻ,ȳ,ɹʱǿ
ܻ,˵Ϊͦ,ڳȻ֮,ʵҲ,ֻϲȻԲ
ʱ,ߵ,Ӳɵ̫,Ҳ,ҹ̡
֪ĶȻһؾֻҪһɣܷɵͷɡ
֮,ɹһ
ϵħûɾʵڲ,ֻڳⲻԶĳ,ڲݵ
ԶԶ޽Ĵ,ٶҲһһҹ,Щ
붨ϴϸĽк
ιˣ
ϺֱЩ΢ʹͷȥһȻ
ЩıһСɫС˶ʲô
ȺСС˴ɫҶ֯·ССĲݴ̣һһرŲݴ̴Ⱥ֣ЩȻܹڿл裬ԶԶɹ
̧ȣŴ·ЩСں
ˣѹ֣ǲŲ£

ʲôﳤôôòԭʼȺҪ浽峤
ЩСϸ˵ʲôĶУߴߴĶڿ
æվԱߣȻԼղĲݵϣһѹСݷӣֻǷӼֱСĻľҪС
ͷԼԼ¶һЩѹĹӺͲ֮࣬ЩС˵ְɡ
վ뿪ƬλãȺСڲˣߴߴ
ߣеò
ۡǵ֣
Сһӵ֣಻˼ҿʧԭء
һһ󶵸ɫӺͲѡֲӵȣٴγڲݵΧЩС˵
ǺãҺܱǸЩ𣿡
СǾۼڲݵ鸽ںСӣٴУ˵Ļֶԭأ˴˿
СɳһλģŽŮԣߵǰ棬߸̧ͷԻ
֪ܸģĪɣĲ̦޺һˡԵϢ
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尦ħˡĽһ壬Ҫʶħˣ˵ܽˡһΪ̫Сˣûչħ˵κϢأСױӡ߰ɣҪܳȥҿ˼ɽΣǶ˼ʵģˡ
ǰɱЩϢָԼԭϢԱȣûȷ
Ūһ㣬ǻġЩþֻͨԼӣûиǣ˼
֯ɱ˵ľ棬ȷʵڹĿԡ
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ɰɣǰɰɣɵ羡ͷɵǰ׳ֵķ΢ĳԼΪ˶ɡ
µĴۡ
ֻҪһֱɣɵɽ̫ʹͱ˱㶼г˦ȥ
һСʱйһֲݾǲݾƤоȴܿ࣬ɾ׽ԽãǿоҲ᷺һ˿
ӣ޾ʱ䣬ϸϸ׽ʹֱ࣬һ˿ۡ
ͷϣ΢ů⡣Ѹ͸Ҳһ
Ե
ĺ羡ͷ㸲ȥһһƵİɽһ𣬵ƽ߾ǰ
ԶԶһţſ׼ǰȥ룬ǰһĨԼһαװ
ԼһӶ䡣ǣܿ췢֣˫仹ǸʱķģǷһģһ
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ȻŭġϤĽ
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ţ㱻һιסһɴ
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վһŴ,ÿ˶Ż,䲻һ,˿Щ˶ż,¶Ӷ񡢳޵,ȴֶ
ڵȶ룬µħԶ֡
Ͼֻ²һֱħ˵˽ߡ
˭߾ܣǽħ˵ӵϲȣҲǽӵϲȣ
Ǵ,ħ˵Ů˺Ƭǰֶʳ֮
Ů޾粻,ڵԪӤ,ɶħʹ͵ĴòƷ
Ȼħվ,ƽ޲ֻó޽˹סȴһ
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ڴ˿̣ף˶*ǯƣԽֱһЩС
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ף߹ȥüô٥ĸӹġ
ԭӵ֪ʶϳǼǧǰϹ֣߿ߵ˵˼
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ףһۣЦˣԼҲŴС
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97 һǵ
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ѡһˣĺӣӴ˵λá
Լеһ̣׹
ԭѡ˼ࡣ
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֮󣬼סħĹ
ףѺͽź򣬺ϲأ˵Լħźңָֹάࡣ
סԶЩһ䷿ףͼ档
ȻףȴǹߣָķͲεȣ鶼һ䣬ܿ춼Ѳ£ֻܶѵڷ䡣
ÿնɺЩζ󲹵ʳη裬ҺʲôУҪ⽫ι֡
ף￴д֣ؾף
ܾòڣȥߣû߼ֻףһҪԶš
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ֱһ＾еͬһҺܾãȴ˵ףڴǰ飬ǰ塣
紵ҶɫһֻֻתأĻԻ͡
ף飬ָϿٵ˼£ŴɫŨ˺һ
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׵£㵽ʲôʱӦңҺ׼
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ΪʲôΪʲôˣ
رܡ
վߵףǰĿԷС
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šкܳʱ䣬ڼʲôܷġ
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ʱ룬ֻҪؾһһΪԷԷħôǾܻĸѵúõءһֱһ𡣡
峺׹ϣף̧ʪƬ
ĸҲˡ
ſڣ˵ʲôȴʳ
ԥԥǿиķݶϣļ硣
ףԼ۵ֱϣǶ˳һ˲㹴Ļ䡣
ڳɽЩ䣬ܰɰġȥ
һ£̳ȥҲЩס
ϣúõģҡֻڣס
Ҳ˵ΪʲôЩ»ûȥѹͷҲǡóףӣֻаǲеġ
ף𣿰ģǰģԭºܶ飬Ըڹһֱӳ
İԭһйĸӵĳ̶
ֱȪﳹ׽ŷ֣֮ףִûôˡ
ףаȴû֮ǰôִаݺ⣬ȴû˶ռ
ʵҲֲԼҪʲôֻ֪סԼħףߣΪһġ
һŪĵĶÿһÿһ붼меʹࡣ
ΪһʵˣΪ˰ܲףҲΪһ֮ˣΪԼݸ顣
ڸ˿м䣬΢ıƫһ㶼ԡ
ף̧ۣʣ
㻹ϲ𣿡
ûԥͷ
ϲ
ףסֱ֣ף
ǣҵͨ
֣תˡ
һü춼ûٳֻ֡ˮ͵ĺöδϹ
е㵣ģԼǲǻ˵̫ݣжԷԽܣʲô⣬绬̥֮ࡣ
תһ룬ףħΪԭеս컨壬˵һŵһʮҲġ
һȥĩֿʼҶƬЩеֲøӷï
ڰ಻סȥףס
ΡԻ͵Ĺִⷢ͢ںף¡
Ⱥ鼤ܣںɱףɫĮ
ڴǰãŴֻƬһЩ顣
ԭ缴ӭʮһ٣ɢֲϣʱ˵綼㸲ʬ޴档
ԭӦڰ֪֮ΪΣȴǰʮˣ
ΪӦٳһţӦóû޽磬һͳ磬ħΪٹͬԿ١ҲӦħȵȡ
ףϣ̬ԣҲ֪˶ˣˣţָ̫Ѩϡ
һֱһԣֱһ˵˾䣺
˷֮ǰǸųڡ
Ȼۣ˵߶ȥ
λøҡ
ۣƽȭͷ
ܿ죬ף߳ٻħ
һͷϹʱľǼܣħ۾λȴĵĺɫ
ףվħǰڲ࣬һ㶼ȵӣֻһƫͷԴ
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ȻͷʦЩԹ͸ˡ
ף򴽣̧֣һ΢ħסȫ
߹һֻ֣§סһħ
Щʣף̫ˣ
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ħϢڣԽԽá
ףֱ۽סħϣ˫ִӱסħɵħС
ף°˳ƷڼϣȷϢڣš
ܸоףؿںС󱳣һЩͬѰȶȣħٶȷɿ죬ҲûֱȶȾʲô
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Щ죬𣿡
ףͷ°롣
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ܺá
ࡰŶһ˱һ·޻Ĭطš
ףȻڣ
ȡʲô֣
໹£ǡ˵
Сףģ
컳ϵģϣҲļһ顣
ףȴҡҡͷ
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ྪȵػͷ
ħӭϦǰɣħɵǳȥһ㣬ΧЩƮ˿ƵƲʮ䡣
˷·Ҫ羡ͷ·ǧ׳ķ羰ȴֻŶԷ
紵Ϧ£ȺɫâףºͶ飬ʱٺЦ
ˡء
ԼֿأһĶˡ
һһΣһΣһΡ
ΪĶֱֹ



101 ĸױ£
ҹ,ħ޽ĳɽ֮УΣΪһССǡ
ף˳ֽһ
ˡ
,ħҲ˵,˵ħףħû
Ҳʱӽָ,ףǰС
ףһҹɫ,һȹ,Ҳͻأ
ȦɽСȦ,Ȼɫһݣ
ȵ,ڷϢ
ףֻƳһ,ָ̰,ֻӳһħ
ǰĿ͸,˿ȴħ𵴳һȦȦ·,Ȼν磡
Ƴһף,Ĭػ⡣ףһЩ
ǰ,ųһȥǽ磬һ
ʦǼ࣬һˡ
֮ں޶,ͷףһͷ
ףǰ֡һħ,͸Ƭ
һɽ,ͷһֻ輸,һöӡһţһյ͵ơ
ϥ,̧ͷǿ
ģŵʱȫͬһɳɢư׷
̧ͷʱɫȻƺԤϵ˿ֻ̣żһͷ
ˡ
ճȭӲԾЩٶŮ˲ΪϤΪΪĽ֮ˣû뵽ٴȴ㳡
ÿʱ뵽ԭԭ룿
·ܸܵԭı
ǰ˼˵
ǣܸܲңڵʲôܣ
ⲻڵļʣԭʡ
ǵ
ôʦ𣿡
ֳ̧ۣԼ򶨣
ΪˡĻͽܵˣΪʦ𣡡
̫齣
ʢϣ͸ȹھ
˸âӵĽӳĲ޷ѹָ飬汯ߣֻʦ˵ס
ȻǾţ·ɮ붨شĻֻ̧ۿףεЦһ
ȷʵҸôȷһܳΪħģ
Ц
Լİ취㣬ħ֮£ǷΪ
ǾȻ˵ͷһ˿Ц⣺
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ףһһڷǽͣ
ãҪħˣ
䣬Ǳվαǣ߸߷ɢȥŨصĺɫףңԶ̣
ϧҵİͽձڣ
̳˿
ħ磬ѾӽҪףʵ൱ˣȻֻ֧һʱ䣬Դʯٵ⡣
ףħڼȴûдȥ
ףʦͽҪնϡ
˲ɫ˴˳ײһɽҡҡ׹ɽΪ촷ۣ
ͽΪαѣ
˫ֻΪɺצѾһͣƽֻż๥߷ųʽú˵˵
˵Щ͸ø˵Ļ
ұ󣬴δʦ棬ﹴᣡͽ˼㣬˼
ͽֻ֪绨ѩ£֪ٽǰ˶ҪǶкǶԵģԶǶԵģЩ
ˣʦ֮ͽ㣬磡㻹һ֮㾿úηģ
ѾˣҲݽ߼ףⳡսⳡʣȴս϶
ǣǷˣصĵֻһȺѹһȺ˵Ĺ߰ˣ
ΣһΣһҵ취ٵģ㲻˵ˣҲٵĹؼ𣡡
νҲϡ
һ̣ڳͷۣѾ޹ħĹ֪ʲôʱħ׹ġ
಻ȣΨʧڿ˵Žħţ˽¾ȻħʵѲµֻȷϡ
ȷʦȻܹΪ˱壬ȷһֻٵĿں֮£ȷһûаλá
ȷӲ¿ռ䡣
ˣ̫齣֣һ˲䣬һ޽̫齣ͻС
һ΢Ӱһֻס˵󣬰׼⡣
£ء
ϴͳԵɤ
һɲǼ䣬գؿ㵹
һɱĸסʲôʱأ
ڵһڡĸסĽɫȴֲòɱʮֵ⡣
һΣ߳Ǽ䷿䣬ףůĻӱס
ҲƵ龳˵
Ұɡ
ӱסůһףСС̫
һ̾ȻҲһģ롰ĸסŵʱ̣ףȻӵ֧֣ϵİο塣
ȻЩ˼ֻһɲǼ£ಢûֳʲôֻһս̫齣óһ˿Яףһͬǰ
˵
ʦ𡭡ټˡ
̫齣׼ȷǿҵļѹдһѪĭγɵ֮Уûɱ˵ʵС
ǷһļХҲѸǴͬ򣬽ıŵø󣬷·һſֲƤߡ
óЦֲ
ٽ㽫޵õ֮ʱ㣡ԶҲĵ
顱һ죬˱ըƬѪĴɢ䣬ɽʯҳһ
һһףۼֿһץǶץС
ǾǵԪ̬·һνɫ˿ѾħȾɫ֮м˿˿ƺɫ
ףԪУ֪ʲôͷĺɾԪֱС
Žվţ΢΢ŲļƬ·ϳ
ͻȻôһƫͷ

ף˵
һԪֱܳΪٽˡΪ㻤
չ磬ֱڰУԼ΢΢һЦ̧һУ
ɡ
ʹȥڰУҲͳճտ
ףŹ֣Լվ߹ͷ
ôˣħȾô
ֱͷü룬ֵͷԼĶͷȥĶͷ
Ǽ໥ûж㿪ֻ̾˿
Ǹ˭ѧġ
ԽԽ໨ڵֶˡ
ףڣϢ̴㣺
ѧİ
ˣǸѧģǰڳɽϣԽ̸жϷյķʽ

ףãվ£ؿգ
ƺû£вʸһҪңҰ㴦ħ
ҡͷ
û£ֻǺۣҲһЩˣء˵лл㡣
ףԱΪԽǺڻ̶ȣ˵Ҫ˵ġ
ףĺܶûɱҲû˾͹ȱ
ˣһ״̬ͽ˷ǳ
ʵкܶ໰˵ڵȣڴӱסӵףĺӡ
ɱˡĸסֳΪĸף¡
۵е
ף֣
ҿһ𣿡
ףڻһһɽ壺
ߣ
౻ŷߣͷƬ棬ǸɱġĸסԽԽԶֱʧ
ԭ꣬Ż㡣ĺ밲οһԭ־ãԭԴûֹɢ֮ˡ
䣬Ψһִġࡱ
û뵽ҲҪĸˡ
ع̧ͷףضȻһЦ
Ҫ˰
ףͷеεع
ôڲ֪ô
ЦˣǷġܿĵЦݣ
ǰֻǾã档
ףԶһɽϣƵĲݵϣΧǿŵüáȺƬĶž黨
ž黨ҡҷһƬ޵ˮ캣󣬼Щ𽥱
ףԴԼϣһ𣬲˵ֻзḧ
Ͽף΢΢ţ̬Ȼ㡣
̧֣ḧףСһƬط΢΢ȣͱ𴦾ǲͬ
źɫϣƺܿһŵҡҡλθк
ף΢΢ҲȻ̾һ
٣һŬԿɡ
̧ףȻһЦ
ǵĺӣгõδ



102 Բ
ڴ˵ɽҹ,統Խ񣬽ڡ
ڼƻƣʹת,һ,׽ٶֻһСأ΢һ¾͹,Ѱ궼硣
׽֮,ƿɢ,ϼڼ,·Ϊᡣ
,,ıݱ,ϵȵ,ϸ,ȴз̬֮
ȫ֮ˡ
ףΪ,,þ׽٣ɵÿЦһ
ĪŮ
һ
ǰء
ԭĴŮףŮֻǸڻš
ҲǱǴ,˸ӣȻ֮ǰļƻڵ,Ҳǲ
ӽָųħ,ףħƹ,Ҫƣȴ־ܾ
ԡ
Լħһħ,ȴֺƱһʹȥ
һЦѿڶ
֪㷢֮ǰҾ͸ģô涼ûˡ
⻰֪ʣæͷȥۺǸ⡣
ףûֻרķǰץסħ
ħ˻ʣųĳϼȥ
ף׷ڷзһЩڼգˮ
׷ֵļֱ̬ͦԵýӲ֮ǰǰɳڡ
˶ĬţΨзХ֣ȥһףıָȴھʱջء
ֻܿ·˲֪ãһЩϤĵر꣬һ
˵ĪǡƬζɭ֣
ףҲ¿ȥĬһش
ƺ֮ǰʱ·Ъŵص㡣
ȷʵˣƬɭ֮Уף꣬ףΪһ·ȥ伯УʱҲڴ˵¶Ӫ
һ»ԳʱѾ¶Ҫ˳ڣѪһУף˼ĳء
ȴ֪ǵʱ䣬ʣࡣ
㱼䣬ʣ
һʲô
ף̱˼
΢΢ŵԳ
밡ȥԺҪǸҸҷ֣Ҿڣȥѹկˡ
ࣺ
ûҵʱû֣
ףҡͷ
ûҾڣͳҪҷֵģϾڵôܸһ𰡡ֻܾץס㣬취㣬һȥãΪΡҲ㲻ø
սϣ˵
֪ôǸʱѾ˾ģȥ̸ʦ̹ף֮λϵȫΪ뿪ڣһˡ
ף͵ػͷĿ𾪡
ǿݻҫɽѩ
겻ѩȴΪڻ֪
ףתߣɬˮӿͷ˵
ԭôСصذ
Ȼ
ϧջȥǾͱ¡컯Ū˰ܱɷˣȹ򵥵ʮֱ꣬Ǹöá
ףžһµħϡ
ħħǣƬ״֣жħˮôϡ
࿴ˣ̧֣һֻëĴ󹷣ϻţ
ԣޣûµģûµġ
ףѸٿסᣬһֳħָ£ܿǰڵؽ硣
ǰϰɽ಻ϵڣʱɽͷݡ̣ȥưޱȣٲķʢˡ
ħȥипǰﻹһ*ţûȻ֮졣
·ͻȻЩ˵ڻڣҲħͼϣֻЧѡ
ǽʱɽûӦɼʵϵķֶѾӽޡ
ף
ȥɡ
ףͷԥؿ˵ʲôȴ
һûϵġǵĹϵҪġ
ħ·ɣڷһɽϣʿɢȥΨɽȼ˻ڷ
ħ
λͬţǼ࣬һˡ
Щʿڰãɽϼ߳
ȻǼ
㣿
һҲ𾪣
ڳϣϣǿɻã
ǽŵҳϣ֮ǰϲɺƯ·ϡ
״̬һ㣬ڳ뷢԰ףȻѵޣֻݻǰһࡣ
Ա߷һŮȴһӵ£ľɷ٣ûʱ磬Ҳһ㲣ĿȴԴ⡣
ҲǰĵӣһǴʦ̼ӯ˵
˽ڷ顣
»ϣףΪħ޲ɱڳи߽ʿȴԵͽ׺޷ʿһ棬ӳȥˣҲڲȫš
Ҵ˻ǵͽ׵ӣһЩԵĳϣûʸڳ֣˱ɱ
ϧڴ¼֮޽ŶҪҪ⳥ںɱһжҪʲô»ɵģǽɵĳϣҪԷծ
ʣµ˱Ͳ࣬ûʵʲôסʦÿźţ
ʦ㣡СⶼǰˣĻҲըˣ
Щ˵ħ޻ɶ񡭡أԸȥɱԸЩǿ
ǲҲ°ߵū澣
Ҳֻ̾Ϣ
һԿ࣬־ؿԶĬĬվŵף
ˣ˭
ʶħòû֮йѰ˸˵
ҵһѡ
üͷŭȵ
㾹ҲΪ飿ȥ㲻ڵӣ
һ񣬲
ڳϢŭٽ볤Ϻ׼ҴвΪ磬ʹ˱ˡ
ҿãȻһЦ
ʲôԵڣãŰɣ
ȴҡͷ
ˡǱɱģҲţΪͬڵҪ߳Լĵ
Ƿףòͷħ뿪
·˵ͺһ
ħҺ˵ħ
ѵʦѾħ񣿡
Ǳ˰
ȺУΨнʫһۣ˶Էļ/£һǸ˰
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һ£ʦ˵ǸЩϸڲҪˣʦ/һֱһҪġ
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ףδȥЩħֻٳһС˽֮С
ưܲĴħŰȴҳһЩΨܿĻļóԽԽľ
ԭһֱ͵͵Ȧ塣ɭУɵбȦ壡
ҪҵʱЩȦѡһЩضص㣬֮˳ȥɱǣӶ˰ͬޣΪ
෭ļ𺳵ط⴫ͳȻάǧ꣬ɶ˵Ĺı
罨ʱЩ壬綼ȦʿǽҵĹߣ
ǸѻڴȦɳΪ䱸ħ档ǽ㳹ɱһҪع顭ԭļƻ
࿴ľѡ
һж̫ˣǴִģٶ£Խࡣôôడԣôôడ
ףֻü˫ֱأ
˵֮αһ£ֻǱĻԣˡ
˼飬һ䣬Ȼʲô
ԣΪζҵѪзӦ
ףɫ˲仯εƿߣһǽڣ
⡭ǽôиӣ
һǽһ͵𣬿һͨܵδ֡
߽ʲôƫͷף
ǲǽƬ
ףĿƣܶ
羰ð
ࣺ
˵ǸʱͻȻ뿪ң˵ʲôҪǻҿѹˣΪԼʲôߵģô£ڶˣҲܸ˵˰ɣ
ףͷװһ
𣿻£ôǵˣ
ס򣬽ǯԼǰ̧ȭͷ
ٲ˵Ҵˣ
ףȴԴһžµ׷ë׵ֻС˸ڴĹ⣺

ûסЦ
ۡǡ˻ô͡
ſǰȥûȻף
࣬Բ𡣡
һ£ͷ

ף͵ƹâվĿºͣ
Բ𡣡
ֻͣһظ
Բ𡭡Բ𡣡
һй飬Ѿȫ̵ʶ˴󣬸ܵʹڡ
˵Բ
ԭ£ǿͬ顣
ֻءģҪǸ



103 ໳ħ˵ĺ
谵,°׷ףĴڣмԭ,޷ƿߡ
Բ,Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
ף·𻵵ż,һظ,ɤɳ,˸ˮ⡣
಻ɵǰȥ,ѿʵ
Բʲô
ףٰͣ,ʼϸ
Բ,֮ǰִٵظкӵϢ,úΪҪЮ,Ӧס
Բ,ҽ,㵱йʹ,ҩħͱӹ˺㡣Ϊֲұͱʹȴÿοı飬ԼҲʹ
ԲҲʹзԼ,Լĺӣûоͬ⡣
Բ,ڸǰ,ҲòǶӦϲ,뿪طһƽӡ
ԲҵĴ,Ǹܻˡûôڡ᲻һЩ
ף˵ˣվӰУΰ밵˫Ŀ΢΢ˮ⣬ı顣
͵ƾȼգҡҷţ߷΢žΨһԴ
ףǰ߽߽˼
̧ͷףɫĴ꣬˵

ףͷ촽ҵز
˵
ҽĵǸ
ףƬ˸⻪˫Ŀ
Ըԭң
ֵͷ롣
ܸоףȫס˺ȴĴ𰸣ȴͷսµբ
˺ܾãһĻĻһδι֣еίʹ޴˿̵һӿ
Լ򵥵ػشһԸ⣬͹ȥˣǡ򵥵Ļش𣬶˵·蹵ǵ
˹
ʲôĺ蹵ǵ¶Ŀ˹
˱ȥ
ڴӴݼ䣬ѵ˵֣
Ը⡣
ɲ֮䣬ף·һ𼴽ˮ񣬱һ仰飬ݹΪЦ
ף⻹˸ȴ߸Щ޴룺
ǣǡǺͺˣ
еЦ
öԷͷԼȥ˫ɫꡣ
ݽ΢ϷŴںڰнһĳǡ
ϧ
һǽ˷ſ˴ˣ͵֮¿ŶԷ֪ΪΣжһصĸо
ͻˣǸˣᷢЩҲɢټƽˡ
Я֣һ·߳С䡣
Ц
ǰǸһܾ·ߣû뵽һߣͲˡ
ףս֣ǺЦֻƫͷ䱦ǰ˵Ĺâһ֡
ʵҵ͵ͨߵһա
ףһһͨϸ壬öĥɣ̬ã׹һö
ࣺ
㵱ʱ֪ͨĸף
ף˵
ֻ֪˵öӰܣҪ̽Ѱǧǰ࣬Ҳ֪Լ͵ġϧõҲŷ֣ڵӰһգȫûκ
̾
ϧ
ףöշģעһöһ㣬ų΢΢Ĺ
ԼЦ֣

಻֪Ҫʲô߹ȥ
ô
ףֽ̧ɢĳ£һɢķ١
ָаڳʱᴥƬѩĺ󾱡
ϧ̧뼾ķ١
ҡҷųĹһơ
̧ۿ
ף˵
͸ˡĸļ񡣡
ļ΢΢һæعܾȴף̧һָѹס죬
ܾӽԺöҪʱţֻҪദĳ
ף˵꣬ĿӼһ·Ƶһöϣ˵
ĸΪҵķĸ׵ճϧû¡
ļһһסף֣֤
һ
*
ˣˣ
ʲô£ôˣ
˵ħ˻ص󣬵ڶ㿪һᣬټдͬת֮¡
ϡǣħ࣬λϣȻһλŮޣ
룡ô£ôŮ޽ħ˵Ĺ
԰λŮǴΪܶ赲ٳһҲܸħƽƽ˵֮ǰֻħ˵һ²Ȼ˴˵ͷ裬ʵ˳䣡
ǰǷ²ħ˰ٰĥλ²Ӵ⵹˼
ʲô˼ħ˳˿Կ٣ǸŮǣɽˮ⻹ôˣħ˵ľȻһŮӶߣഺŮǶҪŶ
ѽ˵ˣ㿴Ǳǲǡħ񣡡
ֻ̯̹ڵأһ𣬶źµħ˹һƬС
µħ࣬ȻλŮޡǹڵϣ͵λ˼
ħôͿһˣ
ʳڣ㾫£ɡҲǿֵİ
ħ̧֣ͱԺ֮У
ּɣĪҪǡ
˱㶼վ岻ܿƵģȫħ⣬תͷתͷֵĹ֣ԶĳԶֻ͵ħ񣬲ܹſˡ
ֻŵħ˺°׷ŮǰºڷǶԡ
ħ˫ʺ죬ŮҲһöӳȤ
ħ֣Ů˱ǣ֡ħ̧ͷŮ˱΢ЦħһϸŮ˱ħ񡭡
һ£ħõǡӤƷ
үӴضŮʹ˶ƣħ˵ĺӣŵħ˶裡
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ӤƷ޽ȫͬڣΪ࣬Сͬ
ħҪ̵̯һӤƷڽܣ
ħ뿴ӤδƿʱôˢΪ׹⣬ȳҲɽƷƿʱë̺á׵С·Сñӡ
ףЩСͷ࿴̲סЦ
ɰء
һԲͲƵĺɫС·֣ʣ
ɫô
̯óȻ·ħƵģԼҲ¶ֺõЦݡȻ뵽ʲôƵģóһӤƷ
ǡλ໳УӤӦΣˣλӦӤƷģ߻顭
͵ƳһףһЦףüһζ񣬻ͷ̯˵
׶Ҫˣͷȥ
̯ϲ⣬ǳĵشߺ
Ϻϣħ˵ۣСҰ
ЦŸף߿߶ףҧ䣺
оܿҪһƣħѡƷϵꡣ
ףҲЦһıǼ⣺
С㵱ʱʲôǲǡ
һЦյߣɳƵͳ
Ҳຢӣ
һ죬½ǣɬʣ
𣿡
ãڣӦòۡ
ף𺳣ףף˼濪ڣ
а취
һ
ȿȣ˵ģ˭˵ҪӣС߾͹鷳ˣ֪ġ
ףɫȻʧ䣺
ôƭҡ
һӭȥģ
ûƭ㣬ǵһӳˣҾΪһòã
ףת΢΢һЦղŵʧ䵴Ȼ޴棬ס°סĴ
ڴע֮£ܷȥǵϢҲŷſ
żĶͷ
Ҫ˵㻰
֪ղŵʧװƭģգһۡ
ףסƤ
ѽңСˣء
֪Ŷãһǣʲô̥໹˲ȥС
ôˣû°ɣ
ףס֣
С˵裬Ҫһ˯
ɺףߣ
˵ʲôؼ˵
ףֻЦɢҸ
¡



104 һżĵ
ɽӵת,Ϳ̿ɽХ𡢻ͬʱڸطš
һʯ£һĸ,ĺϡõʬԺ,ȴ˰æ
ȫתΪŰħϢɫ찵,ֲҹʿŬԿ,Ƿķӻ,ֻһ˲,ܿʧ
ħϢֲ,һԼͷ۵Ĺ,ʧȥ,ʼ׷ɱǰܹ,ڸԶ,ˡֲ,ھ䡣
˼,ػΪ¯һͶУֲҹܽ⣬ֱΪ,˼䳹׼
һͯʬ۾ڱؼУ

͵,صشϢ,һë׵ļȻ߳ϸ,ƽץŴ
ôˣ
ԣףп
ظ,͵תסףͷƵģ
جˣ١
ףĸתͷҧĶЦһ
һ˯žجΰҸղžͲͣӦһֱġ
ʹ౻һ仰õȻ޴棬յؿһףĶ䣬Էһѹֵߡ
ףڴȫ˸֮ǰǴηҪǳͽ䡢뱨üǳӦֺ衣
ڣȫͺ֮ףͱᡢϸҳϵķͰ£ֻƺλ
ô˵أÿε󶼸üУպͺǰ£ֱÿ춼²˴
Ѿȥ£ףͿˣ൱ȻҺÿ涨һֻһΡ
Ϊ˱ȫڻǼ౻ܡȻ˵ֻһΣףȴһֱӳ̣෽һܶüεܺ͡
ֻһΣҲ۵˯š
ʱ䣬ÿ˯ŶصجΣ˼Ҿĳ˯оѡ
ףű˿˯¸ԷС˵
ת𣿡
һԴϹţݴһ֮ʱ˶Կãܹת٣عҪʩдҪŰپʮʿͬעҪʿС
ףԼ
ֻԴһˡ
˶ӣ֪ԷڵģȴֶжԷǣЦһЦ
ףͷϼĴš´ţֱһȥ
һȥ¡˲סڹ޽Ĵ޾ס
ͽʿ֮֮䣬֮¸֪ɳͬԿ١
ɲͬ⣬ƿصвְ֦ͬҪͱƳȥľӪʹ˱Ҳ޷յ·λߵĹ
൹ҪͱƣٵǰҪ˻ǳϼҲͶ
ȻҲû˸ҶħĹϵѹ֮ڣ˶۸иӣȴȫ
ħǱ߾ͼ򵥶ˣ۾ȫħЭ󷨡ռϡףЩֱȥħ磬ҹŻϻһϢ
ʹħΣףһЦ
ħ֮ħǳֻͨҪܴǣʲôСЩĸǼ򵥣ֱɱͺˡ
ףÿλɱѪ֮ԼҲüü
İ׷Ϊȥһ˿Ѫ
Ա̥̲ã´ɱ㡣
ףЦŴӦôѪζա
˱ףû䣬ֻǸϲƸУǻûʧһЩɵ⡣
һֱ𣿡
Ȼᰡ
㻹ͱ𣿡
Ȼᡣ
ҲħˣһͨСߣᰮ𣿡
ᡣ
һͨߣҪ㽻ϡ
ᣡ
ءôԭˣӶѹˣء
˺ˣһᣬһᣬ޲ޡ
ұ㻹ҡ
ף㲻룡
ñˡӣˣˡ
ÿαǣַСϣʲôˣȻСûбֻбȱ𴦸ȵļߵĴڡ
ףʱǡħ硣
൱ʱæŴĳɳϣȽӵѶʱףѾߵص繬Ϣˡ
һ·񱼻ȥһ۱ףڳ֮ϣ˫ۻţһšѩ׵ĵ
ף̧ۣЦ䣬Ǹ߸̧
裬
û°ɣû°ɣ
û£ġ
ļ齱ߣţϸףֻɫãȥǿߵ
ڹ߻谵ߵȴѩ·Ȼй⡣Ǳ΢΢ЩֲڵСӺ͹𣬻һЩ۵ϸϸѪȥ
һżĵ
ָţᴥǣں
㡭ã
ȿȣ
ףڿڿԣͱ¼࣬Цᡣ
Ķӣһ仰˵õģôôô
ֻҴƳһףûæǿŵ
ָᴥǱ΢΢ȣỬֱеƵġ
ļⲿ弾ҡΣСڸкüⲿָ
Ʋסͺ
ˣ
ףգʢᣬͷ
šкء
಻֪Ǻãָֻḧǳѵſڣ
衭ڣ㡣
һ衱˵Щɬܿˣ΢΢ʪ󣬸оʲôطر
ǰǹ¶û裬˺ӣ衣
мУ˵ףףֻܶԼ顣
ǣ·ܸо֮СҲŬӦָ΢΢
Ǹйصһ
̧ۣģףԷθأ
лл㣬лл㡣
ллԸǵĺӣллĴУллΪļҡ
ףᣬ˵
лл㡭ˡ
ףûôдֻżĸЦ˵
ޣ˶Ա̥̲ãΪء
ϽĨᣬֻͷԵ˵
£̫˲Ż
˵ֿ꣬ףƺЩ㲣ûʲôرġ
Ψһ𣬴ףĴӺɫֱ˰졣
วĴʣ
ʱôûң
ףšźϣָ⣺
ҵʱΪߣû¶ǣûܰ´Ѷûϵģҿħֻ贫һɹǵıнΪˣԼûӰ졣۵ģģ۵ġ
ߡ˲Ѫ֮ҹɽͷľ޴ߣӿϧ
ףգϧشӶͷһ·ǵ꣬°һǣ˵
ûУܹʱȷÿʱÿ̵״̬֪ˣ۾ԶֻҪһ˲ܵȥûַ
ף룺
Ҫ̶ֳȣǵǽΪܵͬ²Сͨ¶УѪҲ
ŶͷѪɫ۵ףм临ӶӨڴ
ഽǹ𣬴ӣȴᶨѯʵ
ǡ֮ǰҳ׵󣬻㲻



105 ֲֹ÷˰
߻谵,һյ͵³һĻƹ⣬ԶԶףıɴ½*ϣһһ
໰һڱ֪Լ嶯,Էþòش,ͷȥͨ죺
,ǻķҲ,ֻʱ֪״,ٴ
˵,һɴקȥ,ף֮С
һ˲,ϱ㸲۵,ҵ,ҪĴ곹¡
ףĴ,̾Ϣ,ȴڲסϲ
㡭,ϸҳˡڡ
ǵ̫ңѹ£ָһ򣬱ȥϵ·,һ
æȥǿŵ
һ£ӻ,ӣ
ǿŷףǰķɫߵ,˿Ҳͣζ,·Ҳ֪ʱڷʲôҪ̽ͷƵġ
͸ˣôԱӿֳ桭
ףָһ,һħȥǿŵʵʵֱȥڷ䣬顱عϷš
̱㸩£һ˿Ϣʱ䣬㿪ʼ˹ԵأչҿȵĹơ
ָץסףĴֺ趯ȥץİ׷ҪУ±ڷĺһңֻ̣ҵ˳
ףڴ̧ͷ˫ͬ˸⣬ؿЦŽУ
ˣ
໹ʧУӦֻŽ̻Ի͵춥ſա
ܿһףܻŷҺ壬ȴ߸˷ܣͣ
ˣˣ
סҲ΢Цͷ˲䣬͸ˣ
š
ףӣ·ʱӡǣ˵
ˣҰ㡣
̧סḧţбȫϵ˵һ䣺
Ҳ㡣
*
ףÿձѡˡֹߣܶʱǹҫ
ոҲͣ˱񣬾ڼһ
Ϣͺá
ǳضë벼Ϻ޻һһůĵÿߵԼǰ·סкȡԼĿů¶ȡ
ÿﱳŵףϯֻ飬ףǰ
ҪɻˣԺǱħˡ
·ɫǻûħаѳֱ𺳵ϢУܴѾþȣֻľˡ
λħˣȫѰ·
ˣˣҲɣ
ǽľ
ϲħħˣףúϡ
ףصͷӻ䣬˽Ϣɢ磬ȥ취֯һʢĻ񣬱¶ƣɫ顣
§½ħˣŷ˻ĵ߸ȥ԰ɢ
಻Ҳֻ¶ȥæµȥɢϢ
һϢȻ󲨣Ĳ˵޽缸ˡ
ͷǰҶϤһʱͿħЩϵЩϵҲ;֪һա
˭룬һߵڣҪħɻˣ
׼𣿿ɿֲΪ֮رߣⲻľ֮
ʿǺѽͻȻȴҲвʶڱ䡣
֮ǰӴˣʶˣȫûħȻǻۣⳡӦѡ񣬶Ǳǿȡ
ôħ磬Ƿûôб
һЩӶʼ˼
ȻЩ鶼Ӱ첻˶˵
繬Уÿ˯ѣȥССůߵ뵰Ŀڡ
ÿնָߵ棬ߵ֮ϸ΢𶯣Ц
Ϻã˯ô
ߵǰһ£ģ·СɰüĶҪˡ
ҺõصңףһѾˣȴ𴲣ҪڻģϺһӲһֵȥˡ
ÿ̲סЦ˵ôô˯ףͷһεĿ˵
Ҹѽ~
ûа취ֻܳԾߣŲתȥ׼͡
Сħ񹬵źţ綼׼ãЩ嵭󲹵ĺʳģһóȥ޽硣
̣ýϣȥϽף
ף˫޹ǣϣЦؽУ
ˣϺð
ͷ
ţϺá
ףֵͷŵ˵
ӣϺð
ߵζӦ
ף߸ˣ
ֲ÷˰飬źȿͷǺð~
ǰһιõĳףֻ죬ʱʱҧסӸ֡
һܳһʱ꼾ףȥɢ԰ر󣬱ǰĻ԰Ҫͷţʱû߼ףͽŲˣҪ˱
㱳ŵڻһǰߡ
ף˫۹ʣ
𣿡
𣬳᣺
һ㶼ءұȫˣôأ
ףԳԵЦҧһڣֶǸζĺ챦ʯ
ĸס㻹ڵĻҲΪҵҸİɡ
챦ʯһѪ飬ҡҡλΣף΢Цʱִܽ·Ǿĸ׵
߲ͨδ´ҲܾãԼӦóúĸס
֪ǵı᳤˭أ
ף˵
˭ãҵǸ棬ƬǴɫǱɫأ
൹˺ܾ⡣
϶ǰɫûƬŴ
ףЦ
ǡ׻Ŵʲô
е벻ижеԭʲôĺӼֱǿäС
ĵҡμ£˹ؿڣлҪ˵ȴ˵
ףЦˣʾ⼾غһħȥժһ伫Ļ䡣
仨Ƭ꣬ͬʯͣ貣һѤ˵ķ۹â
ף̧֣뼾෢䣬Ц˵
ֻУ˼覣ʱͬʯòܲСǶϲƷ֧ǡá
ףͫףƫͷöԷ͸ͫʵӣȥǶ仨
ÿ
ף˵
崫ͳԴ˼覣һ˳죬覡
Żĵ̧֣һժһ˼覡
Ƕ仨ߵԱߣ˵
ǵǱժһѡ
~ժٶС
ףӲ§סǶ仨ߵԣĵǿŵŷ۹⣬·貵ķۺ챦ʯ
ףš
ͽòã
ӵ֣һֱûг׶෽ܾöǶԺӵףҲ
֡˼
ףƫͷǺЦ
ѡ͸˼Ҳгĺĺ벻
ͬо׽֣˫͸ĺ
˼ףԸ£Ȱ
ͷͷеĵָǣ
ϲ𣿡
ҡӣײһײָȻû˵ȴ˼

ϲѽ



106 Сϲ
ط,౧űףһ𣬴شĽȱ档
ٻʮ겻,жسָָ,и󣬱ԭɽкȻһҹ֮ľɢ,ɽ鷢ħ
ΪĳȻλ,Ϊ֮,ֻ֮ĺ
Ǽһħ,иߵ,һϬıʴϭ,дµ,ʿؾ֡
ͬʱ,Ҳרŵľֶ,ȥе塣ʱ屼ͬһʱ,ܻһ,ᷢͻ
˫ԾΪʱ㷢ͻҲжģ˭֪˸Ҫ
ҲȥǿκʿĴ,ֻȥͬһطŶԷξˡ,ŶԷԼкβͬ,кͬ
߷һ֮,ҪìܣҲǼ򵥵顣
ʣתĶ,Ц˵
СѣԺҲҪ֪Ҫǿȱ˽Ҫ˿˲⡣
ϡͿҡΣһûЦݸ̲סһµڵס
ף̲չգ۾
ҲҪ
ҲЦʣ
ô
ףž͵ϣϢ֮䣬˵
ٱ鶼ʱ䲻
һæף
ʲôʱ䲻
ףɫ΢΢죬ȴֶߣǹЦ
ûУֻ˵ٿ쵽ʱ̫̣Һϧһÿһ̡
ôϤֻһ۱ܿǿѹһֻ١
һǸйأȴûʲô˽󷨸ݡ֮һףܣ˲Ϻĳ֮⣬Էδϸڡ
ͼҵݣȴףϳϵϷأûжݱ¶
Ҳֻʱ£רעڷٻʮ꣬ףԭŮĺ
ǵúԭ֮ףڶԿ֮ųΪħһͳ£ӵޱʱ⣬ûħȴٶȥɡ
ΨһıͺӡԭûǵĴڡ
˼ȥֻȹÿһ졣
һ£ڽˡ
ۿǱ䱡˲٣͸ŹܿһСģ㲻˯ҹҹŵȴƿǵ˲䡣
ͷϷӰ֮⣬Ӱʮȵضŵ㻭棬κϸڡ
һڵԱ߿ţףӸڷôţЩЦ
ôôɰס
۾ߵϣףײʱҪһֻۿߵ
ףߣü춼ûܸܣе޴ͷţ±׶ĲɣеС°ͣ
ңˣڲǡ
౻͵ţԷЩӦҲνתߣרͶףǡ
ףǣ룬ɳƣ
࡭üˣҺ㡭
౧߳ȥ
ɲñһ۾Ϳⳡ桭
Զȥߵ΢΢ζȻ䷢΢һǡײһϸϸѷ죬쵽ŵ
ڷڣףڼϣҰ˦׷𲱾˫ѱͫŲ¡
ϲԭʼӣоһرֺЦġͻһ塣
֪˶ãףɽ׹һ㣬͵һ׹ڼϡ
ſԼϣ˫ֽס壬ȵİ˵
ð㡭
ֱ̧Ҫ˵´ĻȻһ

һӣһ۷嶼ǵʵʵ
ףһżྪֵ߻ͷȥԼҲסˡ
ֻůǰ˸ϸСɫâ
һСߵ۾

һ֮λ룬ǰǰʳǵļ
ճǵСѾ˵СôȴϸƬϸܶɫ⣬ɫͫá
СԴһףһ࣬ɫС¶ƺʲô֪
ףһۣеΣ֪ôʼǼ࿪ڣ
㡭֪˭𣿡
Сſڣ˻˻ĽϸСӱ¶ڿУȻͲջȥˣͷˡ
౻ȵĶˣæ˵
輾࣬Ҳ裬ףм֪𣿡
Сߡ˻˻죬ɫС۾תתȥǰž޴Դƺ̫֪ôߵĺ˵
һżһ顱һ죬ԭر󣬱һСģ
һɰСŮվϣһͷİ׷ཱུӿףһɰĽͫ۾ż࣬ſھǣ
mua衢裡

ϲ⣬æСŮڻůůһСţŴмֱ
̫С̫Ҷһһζƶ䡣
ףеԴףԱߵ˵
ôȽ㰡
СŮ¶Цݣ̺˫ڿлӶףİ׷ץһѣֺǺǵأ
裡~
ĵﻹЩƤתʵ̫ɰףһӾ˳ԴףشС֣СĶͷ
౧źֺôһβʱЦã
裬ԺúúýСѻˡ
ףִ˲ƣСͷǳģ
С츳ճͻữˣĶҪҽ̰
һ˫ɫ۾գգǾһֱţûȥСǿɰù
öϲϲ衭
۾һ
ǲڵѧ仰϶Ƕ˵ģ
ף
˵ģˣ
ִ£Сȴֱж֤Ⱦһڼգף°ͣףЦ
СѡҲܰ㡣
飬СѰѼ裬ף˶ϰߵĽз
ʵСѾдˣĸײ⣬Ӧ
СѸճֻС̣Ҫʱ򡣼ֻƶƶȣףȥֹ֤ÿ춼һڼӣȵϺĩȫһΣʶ
˻źȥ棬ֲ࣬Щɽ󴨶һ飬彻ѡ
ϣСѳɳһŶݵĻûķΧûʲôҪʲôĸΪһֶˡ
١ʲô飬СҲܹʹ߳úùԼ
ȻҲܳµģΪСδҲһŤת١ס硣
Ȼجĺܿ촫
ڹڴСƴͼ׸Сµߣھ޴Ľϻͼи飬˸ͼƴ
СѹڵذͬͬŵУҲһţɰģûЦﲻϡ
ȴףĽ֣һϢ
ˣˣв֮١ǰһˣ
žһеĽƬڵϣ



107 СԺ
ССļȴ轫һƴͼŻԭλ,ȻץŽƬһоǳɻ
̧ͫף۵С³ӣ
˻˻˻ô
Сӻβȫ,ʱӸ蹵ͨ,ûϰ
һΣװתͷ,·ʶһ,Ŀһֵֺĳ͸С
βŻش
,֪ˡȾ,Ҹ˵
ǽƳһС,,˳
ټĹ,ֽ̧Сڻ,Ķͷ,Ĭű,˺ܾúܾá
С¶,ֱ̧ۣ
衭ôˣ㲻𣿡
ʪ죬ȴֻ˵
û£û£ҵСҲû¡Ҫû¡
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ӽܹĽ,ÿһ̶Ҫ
˲˯Сѽĸչ,ÿ춼輸,ֻ˯ǰܱһ˯
С˯֮,ӵһصܡ
۵ü˺ܶħ,ǰ࣬ĳĥÿУ˺üѱػá
ѾģŬҲɳæѰҲϡȵȣħҲһЩȽϹħæ
֮⣬ҲбľֶΣŬؽ齨ͳԡ
һʱǺʱʱԿٵǿΪЧķ¼Ŵ伮Уǵ伮Чķ˸ʿԴص㶼ϡ
ף㾡ȫٸͺӼ棬ÿμҲǷ糾ͳջʱ˼ֲ࣬ȴҲǶ
ಢ֪ʲôǱȥĵ伮ûв鵽ʲôɵģһж֮ǰףһȫϡ
ֱһ죬ǡпջһˣѾģСѶŪþãͷ죬ף߽
СѶһվСҡҡλ˫֣ףžžવܹȥ
þûˣ㻹𣿡
ףСѣһڣҵͷѵ¶ЦݣС߶߶˵˻ֶԼ˵
ߣǿ
ѵ鲻Ҳ΢ЦŹסֱۣһȥ
ףһֱСѣһֱżƫͷаһЦ
ɿ
գСѸ˵ÿЦҲץס֣ôͻȻһС
˷򹬵󷽣񴦴˻ɽ綼ҲھУһ·ɹȥǲҾĿкһֱصڶϡ
СѶؿЩ棬ףֽ̧̣۾סСѱ֣Ҫ
ף̾˿
˷ɹ磬ֱ޽罻紦ף֣һ׵ĽڰУȻһƯڿеСɽдУֲïʢ
ףЦ˵
죿
⡭
ȥɽеĻľϡ
ֱףǰɽϣŻȻ
ǳɽ
ףһļª߷Ц᣺
ǵġǵĳɽ
СڵϣܵĲݵǰߣСĴľţЦ
裬úÿСϲ
δ˼ªصСԺȻ档
ףƿţżЦ
Ըݣҹһ
ǰϤһСɫֲʯ̾͵ѵ·߽ĻұԺӱߵ̨ϵĲƤҹ飬ǰ߷ǽϾɵĻۣŰŵĿֽĴ
һУǰһģһվ·ʱ˲䵹ת
ˢ֣ķ磬޾ɫӡֽϵӰѩνУմԽãվ߷ǰѹԼǲע¶һ
ʪָ΢΢̧סף֣˵
лл
ףһֱעÿһ˲̬仯ȫе飬ȴز˵ڡ
˹ͬʱ·మļ֤ǼĲ֡
ףս֣ʣ
ϲ𣿡
ᣬЩֺϸڣޣ̲ס̫ӣ״Σ
ϲҲϲﾭ˺£СǴǻɱҲ
ȻһʵĻ
ףĺ󱳣һͳ
ꡪ˵ҡ
ĸۣ˵һ
ģһıһ
ܵ紩͸˵࣬ȫһЩţµֻС
ġ
ŷףİ׷ϣָĺ󾱣ᣬٶԣ֪Գܡ
ңӵİˡ
ѹᣬϲΪصһ»ϲõˮ
СԱߣСС̧Ŭȥ֣һؽУ
裬裬ѽСϲСһϲ
һץסףһץסСѣϤļеķ䣬˵
ϲġ
ף䣬·ƿ񱭣ָСһСڳ˳СɰҪ
ҹ֮£ǰɫÿѵеʱ⣬˻£ӰܵСѡ
չСŴ˯£ףȻקȥߣ
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ס£֪ΪеЦ
ʱˣôҪֲֹ
ףҲ£
ȽʽаҲǺҪʽеġ
£಻ˣ͵ףץס
ףü
Ŷôȷ
ˣһӣ
ˣܻܲʽʽУ
ף΢У
ʲôʽ
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վСԺм䣬ͷŰСסķͶȥһ磬СѿԺеĳ
ף΢΢β󻺻֣
װħˣҶû뵽㡭һ֡
£¡
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̧֣ΪףһԼͺ͸ˣȴҪӲ
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ףȻ߿׳βѾ֣ŮڰУͷǡ
¹ɭһͬڼ֮вͣ˾ƣЩĴ󵨣סףĥ䡣
ףݺݱУһͬɶ
ֱҹƬ֮Уƫͷף޴ͫ
𣿡
ΪҪڣ
Ҳڡ
ۺʱǰԺᷢʲôڴ˿̵ѡ
ĵ롣
͸ҵġ
ڱͰ޾ӵڣҲˡ
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108 ͬ޶֮
ɳ,ҰڵԶɽԼת̫Ҳ,ȴ,ҵƲѵһ
ۿɼر˶֪,ʱͿˡ
μӴʹ,ΪѾܾû,ƣ֮ɫ,糾,ȴ˺ÿ·,Լʰ
˾ۼħ񹬵ǰѾĿ,ΨһһƬ,ýΧ
Χ˻,Щ廹Ҵ,Ϊħ»,ҲΪʱٵĿʹ
ĸɾֻҹ䣬ľ뻨ȡʢװΣּԼ
ͻ½ʱ,ɽһٱʱȥ,ڿϡϡࡣ
˻,վһ,±˴˼䲢ϤȴҲˮˮڴ
ʱ,û˻ͬܣħס
֮ڣѾһװžϸ󼸸ƷԱһֱ̲סᣬȴǿջЦ
˽տħ˿һܿġ
û˵ʲôֻպ֡ĺüǰոı粻绹˽磬ڷ
Сرߣǳģ̫ʲôٵ£ֻԼ׺Ҫɻˣһϲ£Ҳкܶණˣ
࿴ӣׯһĳʡ
һĽڣǶŽ˿Ƕ챦ʯƷССףʮֿɰϸ¡ףǰͿʼģһ׻ѪǴӼӦɻĵڶ
ϧֱڲɡ
˿֮ԼԳźţվһһߡ
ÿһǧָȹڣоϸأȴе˷ܸС
ԺİŲ΢΢ҡ
ףȴӹһ߳ӵʺͷСͽڣһͷ׷һٲһк£콻֯ĵɫף۽ƬС
վڵǰϣһһ⣬ֻһſڡ
ֱǸ˻߳
ͬĻŸĽڣж֮档
ųģһȹСѡ
СѾмôˣڼץż½ǣ鶯Ľɫ˫￴ǳɰضű΢Ц
ͶСѵЦλӭӡ
¡һ֮һɫһ䣬̱ȥˣʽˡ
ףƳһۣһħɳȥ̧𣬷ʩȣɿżࡣ
Կ־˵
ħˣԤҪħХʽٰ𣿡
ף촽ôƽ˵

ǰ֡
ףס֣̲סһֱֿСѣСգգ۾ǵСѿЦ
շƹܣ±任ҹ棬ħҵرӿ£ڽֻȥ񷶥īˮȾ
ൣģ́ͷƳһۣҲ̧֣һɳӹ̡
ûκܹǳɻ顣
ǣ֣ǰߣСѸں棬߸ץһѻ׼
лΪԭ͵꣬ҲŮװŮīˮƵ֮£Ϊҥ
ЩŮ֮УȻнʫǴͷԸġ
һʼֺϻʿ/޾ȻħʱǶǱģܿ˶һϢͶˣԭǺϻʿޣֻħ񻹲ħʱΪ˽ӽʦϵס
ⲻ˵ħ˰ʦ㰮
ȻôǴʦɻ飬һǼ޸˰顣
Ȼʦ޸飬ǾһҪúףʲôٶȿվû赲ʦΪɻ飡
Ÿ̰ϹŸҥӯǰһԼˣͬʱָо㡣
ۼγأ˸ԵΪܺԲƣǣںɫ̺ϣÿһߵû
סᣬƫͷ͵͵Ƴףһֱڿءרעضţ·ԸŹκһϸ΢ı顣
ΪЦףҲ΢Ц˵սһЩ
ǰЩϤĽ̨̨Ͳ·ʱȻһӳ磬ٶ
ףɫħ
ſڱǣ
ڴˣ
նһƥɫӰзغ󶨶żࡣ
ʧ
㡭㻹ţ
նһ̵˺ۣǰѱ̬ѲʾԵóȡ
ĪҪ飿ʫһۣͷҪ֣˵ħǶӦ
նǰվڼ̨ǰż࣬ʱЩɳƣ
İ𣿡
ᶨصͷ
ǡ
ն۾΢УСϡλףĳЩȴСŮ촽Щʣ
ǡ
΢ЦСѣͷ
ԣǵĺӡ
Сһ¶
裬λ̣
Цˣ
ạ̇̄ǰ裬ѡ
ն¾׽֣תͷһףЦһ
þħ񡣡
ףף߰һ/ûʲôҪˣֻ˵
ôǼ
Ѿ̨ǰնյ֣ת߽֮У
ΪħϺԡף
һЦףţԼַ̨ӡףҲԥطȥ˵ָѪʶںһ
ֻ
෴סףָ֣ϵѪ໥ںϣͬ/ħֿڶӵԡ
ͬ޽û˻ᣬѾʧԻ伮صġ
뼾/ףΪͬ£Ӵպͬ޶֮ա֤ΪģΥ𡣡
꣬һը£̨ϵѪȼΪ棬ȼաΪ֤ıʾ
˵
䣬ɣϲħħ˽Ϊͬ£
ʿҲ
ϲ뼾˽Ϊͬ£
СѰһ·Ļϣ˵òԾ
ٻҡı֮£ڽΪ£Զһˡ
ӵһϱ˴˵Ĵꡣ
֮ǰһǡ
ʽ֮Сѱͻţ㱼߽ս󣬳ΪҪľ֮
ʱ𣬴УֱƷɵݳµô˽»򣬻µ
ԭҪܳ׼ãֻ׼һ겻
ĵġҪĶۼβʣףҲֻ˵
û£ġ
һ£ۣͬվھ޴УǶֻɫϣڣмľҲԶ
䡱𣬾Űپʮʿ/ͬмɽһľƷʯųλ˸ȫԸ˵ͳͨԸӵͶϸСĲ֮С
â𣬽谵յ硣˽綼еߣ·𿴵񼣡
ˡ



109 Զ㡣
Ӵսм,λ볤һͬҷ裬ȫƴסǿѹóǿάסת
Ĵɫâ,ֱ,ͨѰҴ˽
̻ܿ,Ҳܾ,ûԤϵ,ֻƴ
ǿҵġʹİ,ǶǸֵ˵Щǿʹÿ˵Ķ,Բᶨ߼˲ᱻ
ھλܶ,ǲ,һǰ
סһʹĥ,תĹ켣ǴһΪĴ𰸡
˽άѵ,Ѹٱ,ⲻı,Ǿ͹ļ
ҵȡİ취ӭµ
ԭ֮а취ȡģֻ轫ۼǿ֮ɹ֮ˮڻͨϧһҪʮϵռǸûü
дź,Ŀڱҵ,Ѿڱԭ,ֱȼ
ףվλ,ϺԷﻹʺ»¡˵
а취,Ұƻбɡ
˱ڴתͬʱƶλãհԡšǡԭתۣ֮ڻֱ֮ڣ
Ȼںȴ޷»µں˲ܹתڡ
Ÿ˰վλòתҹֵĻûжʱ便ȥ˶ãֻ֪Լ𲽿ݽߣϱŵĶҩҲЧ嶼ﵽܶȣһ޵ҡ
δܹǿѹۺʱǼʹİҽУ뿸ſɲѹÿÿ붼Īļ尾
ż͵͵һףЩο塣
ףҲ͵ƳżȻײʱ˻ţϢҵ֮²ཻ
ֱһλʿ󺰳
ˣ
һֱŰħ籩ȻƽϢʹ຿жʧƲţ·߲ʵĹâ֮С
漴ƿɢһֱ룬ƹ⻪ת·ڵȴʲô
ףһӺۣ
׼
˶һãȻ֪һָʲôΨ¶̣ȴȻ
ӳһԭء
ãȻ׷·˸۾ﵹӳǰһУȫסˡ
ף֣ںХ֮£·ĵӰһ㣬ͣ
ңߣˣСѣء
ĺӻᣬδҪΪӴ޵δ
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޺
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һ˱㶼Ȼˣü̲ܶס¶֮ɫ̽ͷȥ
Ҫ
ûҪ죡
˽ܹ죬Ҳȷֻˡ
ħħ𡭡ôᡭ
찡ħ壡
˸źħ塱˳ɱȫ磬˭Ҳ֪ʲôΪһЩ˶·Ӧתͷڷ
֪ｫҪ¡
ħҪ׼Լ죬ΪµںˣΪʮ
˭˵ħ޲֮
ֻΪһˣΪĺӺӣҲԸ˭˵ΪС
һͲ
ħ۷¶ѪЬͷѾ⣬һߣһķ򣬿۾
ýͣΪ˺ӵδףֻǡԺҲܼˡ
Ϊ֮ʧȥ˸飬𽥱ͬΪޱϲްĴ
ؼ䡰ף꽫ɢȴʧһֱϱĸŮˣֱȥ
ף֮ǰĶľվԭأһ۷סգڹӳ··Ҫڻ
ףջĿ⣬ֻ߽۾롣
ûüһСѡˡ
ǿЦ̧ţܵڴڽ롭˳Ƶ¡
ȴһֻԱһơ
ףȻۡ
ȻߣѾڹ֮ˣ
ʲôʲôʱ
ɲ֮ضɽҡһӵȥЩ;ƿݵĴǴ÷ȥ޷ȶ
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ڣشף䣺
ôƭ˰ɣ
ף۽Ѿ˺ƣ۽ǵѪᣬȻǰȥ̡
һֻײڹ
ȻǹеѾ֮ǰų⣬ףżų֮ǰһ綼ѡ
˵ָڹâײƣһһطֿ
ҪҪ
ףţѪ
ɼѾŹâȥ
·һġâꡣ
ȥ
ףһߺһþȫˣȴų⣬дѾѡµļ̳ˡ
ûܱȼʺϡ
ôãôƽô
ᣬǿȴϧһһľʹԶֹ֮ۺͼǿ
˶˵ܺãعأȴäӣ˼ȴţǼ⣬ͨĹȴҲڰߡ
ϣøá
ҲᰮҵءܲȥȼԼذ
ôõһˡ
ףһ˿ħŹһ·ͼȻų⣬ָ첻ȥˡ
ŹϸһֱڶЦͷſ͡
˵˺ܶܶ໰磺
ʵҲļ࣬Ǵִģû뵽ɣǸ磬һû̸أһ̸Ǹ㣬Ҳû뵽ô̸˹
ʵһʼߵŶ㡣
Ҳû뵽㲻ŮΪʲôҪԼΪǰ˼ƻ˸ڶҵʱҾͷų˿ܣԼˡ
ް㻹ҪúչСѵģСѵĸףһҪˣ޸죬Ժ͸ҺúñСѣȥϡ
͡ȷʵϹʵǶԵģұͲ꣬ȥ죬ҲһʼҴĿġҲҵĵΪµһ尡
ģҲԺ󣬻һֱϿ㿴СѵģҪǸҶСѲãҾ͡ѽ᲻öôġ
Ժ󡭡ԵĻҸµĵҲУϾµĵ¿ܲͱ㵶ӡһ᲻ԴףᰡȻᰡпܣʱûСҡˡҲܲԼˡ
ףޣҪúùԺҪǵãԺÿһ죬ҶϿǡ
ףҰ㡣Զ㡣ллҲңллǾһС
Ұ㡭
ʧӰʧƲ֮󣬶ףôҲ޷Ϸˡ
סһ챦ʯڷҡҷ
һ΢ϮΪȥһѪᣬİ׷ḧƽ
µѸںϳɹð·֮Ŭãڳɹ磬ҶһỶ졣
ףһվһƵ죬š
ΨӰô¶
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Ǽ



110 ᡿ĺĺ
ƽϢ
,Щ㶣峺ƣѾΥá
ټ֮,ֻף·һСĻҳ,վڿ̧ͷš
ϴѾڻкȥ,ϵǻָһЩ,ڱ˴˲Ա,߳ɽȡ
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ħ񡭡ڿʲô
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λħĵ¡ʲôţ
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,ֲҲһᣬ¶ãȻʧı顣
ħе£ʲôʱ£
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ʲôǵˣ,Һѹ
һС顣
öһβ֪Ϊ˭ᡣ
໭µľš
ںϺڵ֤ݱɢ
Ϊ,,ȴ,
ʶˣ뼾༤սޣиողΪ,ȫǵ֮
˼Ĵڡ
ΪΪһһľΪ£Ӵḧˡ
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ǵǿߣǱڻҰСӣԭأƵģżҳӡ
ҲȲˡ
֮಻סԷʣ
ħˣԻȥЪϢˣڴ˵ءʲô
ףûзӦ˲֪ãȻתͷ
ѳѪУųĹâ
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С
ʣʲôʲôûа
ףһ΢УɤɳƲ
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Ī
ħϢŭСʵڲ֪˵ʲô
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