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ߣ è
İ
棺Ľ16/3/2023VV䣬Ŷ
Ϊ׵ĺͿϵͳʮָ꣬¡УȴԼŮͷҵŮ
йľɾúͼʲôΪˡĽɣô֪ϵͳôأ
ҪȷԼڻҲͬʱҪȷŮҪ֪ŮԭĽǲģԼڿʼѧҽü
ɱΪѾˣɸ׵ԭֻǱɽһǣܶ಻Ϊ֪ܶײƣ£ܽᡪù
׵ǣΪʲôԼײ¹Ůĺһ氡ǲִ˰˵õŮأ
ɷְ¹Ůֹĺ»ֶΣֱȷɸɣϵͳȷԼǲִ߰¹Ůˣǡ
ͼûд飬ŮҲûŶ
ˣֻðַͼŮйɵԼӹڻҵʱŮī޵˫ͨ졣
īҪ£ұΪ뿪ҡ
ɣʲôʱҪˣ
籾ǲǱ滵ˣ
---
ݱǩ ͢ ж  HE
ؼ֣ǣɡī  ǣꡢ񡢰ȵ  GL,HE
һ仰飺кڵŮ̫ˡ
⣺ھ澳棬ǿϢ


1 
Ὠ꣬ڼйλʵۣ˵ھλʵۣλʮꡣλʮ꣬ȴ𽥼˰ʵι֮ţֻǴҸŭԡգ۶õλֶжĺһЩϳӻ֪ġ
Ϊ˱ѡӶΪ֮µĿݹǡ
񣬱߾սҲϣݺнҾأ߾صסԵüҵСŮɣʮսɳ̶ʱѾǶһĽˡݱ߾йȥ͡
**
گǾӪ䱸ɭϣֻԯһսŮ˻˯Ϣɲԯ֪ӪڣֲţںƽȣӦûʲô󰭡
صƤʶδȫ£Ϥĵ
ͼϣСˡ
ʮ꣬Ȼ֪˭㷣ͼȷһûд˰ɣ
˵𴩴飬ɱŭֻѺͼһ١Լͼɺͼȴ飬һӤϡǸʮ꣬ȴĴԽߵ
ڽǸҲûջѧ˿ԶĽڹķͼΪ˲Ӧᱣڹķϰ䡣
ֻ⻹ϰһ㵹Щӵ
ͼûûУȷǡָ¡ˣ
ָ¡ǽɰҹȨıС˵ŮīСңڣһ·ϵλȴǻ֮ǰˡīžޣȴһ³ýɷǳƽ
ΪɶڵС˵Ͳܸý֣ҪڽְѶĥȥ
ţɵʶ𽥻£֪ҲԽԽԼұһۣÿʹǧһȴʹ
ǵԭǸʮʹˣϧǣɿˡ
ɴԭļѰ˵ԭԭԯйһսԯˣڶٷҲˡ
ͼ⣬ԭսˣˣһˡ
ɣ
ϴʮ꣬ʵˣ˵ôصˣֱۣҪ
Զ˶Լ֣ܶ۵øͷ˲࣬ҲͲҶˡ

һĸߴϵĿǧٿ׵ÿĻ˽ﻹһҩתͷˣͷɢģˣǱʼЦģһûûεӣȫȻԼƷϡ
ţʲôʱˣ
ʹüͷľͷһڴϣΪԭļе£УԺҲ񿴳Լܡ
ɼǵӦҪϻؾ͵ģǻƲӲӵʥּڲ輸Ϸţ·ʱ޿̶¡
ȱˣѾȥǣ֪¹ӦûƺЩ뾩ġ
ǸǿӣΪɼҪ뾩ҲΪҪʼհţһ˫ڴš
ԼӪʣΪʲô
㻹𣿡
ýЩ֣Ī˵̫أ־ˣ
û£ʲôʱ
ɺںʱⶫ֪ʱ䣬úܲʵԵ׼ͥҾƶ֪жҪ
ΪûǾԹƽģʱ䡣ÿһֻӵжʮСʱȥ˭һʵʱ̻ڽУɴʮ꣬ûû׷Ҳ˽ŲܺúõؿһС
ͼþͰã˵ôס
ɣҪҴ飬бҪ𣿡
ͼò𣿡
ɣ
ò˵ʵ̫ˣΪΪѧҵΪ˲ĸʧΪĸ׹Ϻʱ̶ǽġ
飬ʲôаһʱˬһֱһֱˬ
ֻȴܵʵĸ׵Ȼͼ˵Լʮ꣬ʵ粻ǹʮ˷ӣĸ֪ԼҲ֪ж
ͼ˵ˣֻҪԼ񣬾ܸıʵĸ׵˹켣Ҳ˵ĸײٹˡ
һʧܣĸ׾ͱڵĽ֡
ɣͼٸ˵һʲô
ˣºͼͷҲ֪
ͼѾȷϹˣһǸı㱻ڻҵˣǸıŮīĽ֡
ɣȻȼˣ
ɾе㲻˼飬嶼̲ס˶̾ͼǲǱˡ
ͼʮ꣬ܲŴһЩ
ͼɼǵʮɱӵĿ־壬ʮһһϵͳ飬Ų̫į

˽ɺüΣ˶ûзӦŵҪоҽˣڽӦˣ
˵Ѿʱˡ
˵־ǣһǸҾҽɡ
ء
ɽס鼱ֶ֮һұӣ۵˻һ¿ɰŵòǳ
ɿǴۣҲ¶ʹıġ
ȥоҽ
ɣ
תͷܳȥӰʱ̾˿
ԭ̫ˡ
ҽһ飬˵û˼ǣýɺúϢɣŷֻɾ֣ڵı˲٣ǰһֱʻˡ
ԼĴ
֮󣬽˵ԼҪϢһ£뿪ˣܺúڵһС
ؾͣǵԭУԭһλȥҪگǾӵʳǱԹɾܾˡΪ£߾Ľʿǹÿ಻ԣҪȥݵ̼ңϧԭǸˣˣԭЩ̸£
ͼˣʶī
ɣʵԲЧģʲô
ɷ˸ۣ嶯ˣǿԵġ
ͼⲻΪ˻ԾǶʮֵŶ
Щɺǰðھˣ˶ԡ뵽ʵ绹ܿĸףϻ˲٣ʮֵ໹٣
ͼš̵ֵ˵ƷҪʮֵٰɣ
ɣԼ˵˻һ˵Ʒˡ
ֵһֻң̵ֵĽ׵ģݺͼ˵̵ֵöݴ
ǿԼұ۵Լֱð亹ŵúͼϵֵҲԼ鰡
ɣڸƨҵı
ɼǵԼıҲ˿ڣӦǿȬˣŷȥץʵҼǵøīһҲлؾȥμϵĴ٣ô
ͼǵġ
ɾͲˣΪʲôϵͳҪѶȵģҪԼŮͷŮҲ֪Լȥʶī᲻Լ֪֪ؾУʲôˡ
׵ǣӵŶʮֱֵǺԣ
ɣͼ
ͼɶ
ɣȥģ
ͼ


2 
˴ᾭĵطΪǶǶλگǱһսų̵ľ룬Ҳݵҵġ˥ˣ˰һǣݼӰ죬ֶ̼ۺҵء
ǶӵиֲҵĻ̡̺Σķ¥ҲǶǼľԴ¥¥ǴĶķﲻһϽɵ˰զࡣ
дԣ¥һ˰ܵһһĿɼһߡ
¥¥Ǹһ˲ܽģֺŷ⣬һ˳ŽյķŹݣ߶µ÷ڵԭվԵֻǿһۣ̾˿
Īĳ´βˣû´Σ
ڣһ˰վţһԵŮӣŮ²ؼһ㣬еƷŲ衣˵븵һǧ⣬ļɻ䣬Ȼϣ
֪ˣĪǷĳϣҴˣû´Σû´Σ
ͷϲ˺ˮ־·纹ˮһˡؿ˿ߵĻϣΪԼ飬ɻֻľګվţһ
ڵĪŮӣֻŮᴵ˶˵ߵĲˮ˶٣ǱûкȥǱһЩڵϣʪĻƤ̺
ĪɫһģȴһƬŵЩĻš
**
յĽɴϻؾǣ;ǶǣȻҪúüʶһ˳ǵķһ·Ͼý֮ǰܲͬԺܶ鶼ܸȤͱǶǣȻǵһɽһȴƣûй¡
˴̱ʲôûˣûкģҪǳ׼Ҹɿӡ
ΪҪ·ҲǶǵ̫ãڽֵϻǰУǷľɫʢɽ˺¥һ˿˥˵ģ·һ硣
ͻȻǶǳôǷչֵزġ
Ƕģ඼˼ңʮǼһ黢ƣҲҳԳ
˱ȹټҸǡ
ȻǸɳ͢ɸúܶ඼ָ˵ǣûǮȥ¥Էڽֱ߽ԡ
ǶǾǲһ涼ر㣡
˵꣬£һ棬Ͳ汻ڳˣ֭ҲûŹɵûôֻĵ׾Σ̻ʵģ͢˱߾ʿģȴʼδΪȡĸ
ʱи˹ƴ˵װ֪ɶ˲Ƕ֮ˡ
λİɣС棬ӵл
ϣ
˳̯һȻһؿŶˣ˳˵ڷһ£֪֪
ֻһۣŲ£ɢоϢǶǵĵƦåСȣ鱨ྰԡ
£ǶҲ˾֪ûʲôˡ
ʲô°
棬ӶԾ΢΢ǰ㣬ƺһЩ
ô
ǵƦգգۣɼģҲʲôö
ԣпģһ¥гõҩ˵ϼ֣ʳ
ûʲô
ͷɿͷԵģ˸ۡ
ǺööԶ˻
ʲôöһ棡
սʱȴܼɻ˵֣˵˵˲
ô˵Ͳˣֻг磬֪ʲô˼伫֡
ǵƦٺЦû˵Ҳס۵ĳ嶯˿ɫãϵҪ˵ʲô˵
ôǷүӾ̫ˣʳ̫ģǶ˺䶯Ҳ˲١
үӣ˭
ǿϵɻǵƦ͵ү֮һڰͨԣû뵽
˵Ҳͦġ
ǵƦ˵һģ͵͵һ۽ɣС˵ǷҪ֪
ǵƦδ˵꣬ڽɳ֮ǰס˵Ʀ죺Ҫ˵С˺죡
ź£һƽǵƦǿˣѹʲôޣܿϵΪе½ɡ
ȿȡ˵˲˵ˣ档
ǵƦϸɿͷڴʱֵһЩɧ̧ȥֻһССĳײһԼⵣϵİӡ
Сһ㲻ĵ˵ҪԷ⳥Ҷפ㿴Ϸƺڴᷢʲô
˭
ɾú棬ĲǸ̾ǹټңСΪţԼĴȴҪԷ⳥
ǸҲܳС㣬ģûʲôƢ˭۸˵òһ
ī
ٿվֹŵö˶ͼҲŵðݣˣ
ɣ񰡣
뵽񣬶˵˹ȥȺǰײΪλҪǿʶ
ڣҪÿĻ֣ͷöĿľɫŮӡī΢΢ۣˮһ˿ζ
С뷴ʲôɼĻ壬ⵣҲҪͷˡ
ɿ˿Լ壬ţⶫã˶
ûϷˣΧһȺȥɲòֹ̾Ȼ˵ı԰
ʱ򣬽ɻͷȥֻһŮÿĻԼ¶һĨЦ⡣
ллλΧ
࣬˵ʮкøС
֪﷼Ҫȥδǿ͹һ̡
˵󣬽ɰ˰֣ҪϵˣϧֻÿһֵĻڵסͷˡ
ûʲô·ƽε
˵󣬶ʱЩΣ֮ǰ糣ߵĻȻȻ˵ˣһֽƬĸо
ϴôͻȻܹˣ׷׷ϡ
Ҫ֪ɵṦ׿һ˿׷˵ԼǸӲӲĺˡ
ĪǹǽҵλŮ
ʱһȫһˮᣬϸţ㺮
ɺ渵īô֪ģɵҲûʳڣڽʶīҪǡ
˵꣬ɳҾǽˣɫ˱䣬ͷīֻ΢ЩЦ⡣
նлСŮЩ㣬֪ǷСŮıл⡣
īתᣬݾˣҲմȾ˵ʱٯ
ͼɣ˶ʮֵ


3 
мУͽ϶һӨµĸ㡣һڣ漴ɴ۾͵úóԣղǸ˵ʲôţʲôˮĸ
ˮ⡣
ɰһۣҲ֪˵ļôôҲԸ񲻼ǳ𣬻úܿ֡
ԶԶԣˮ⣡
һڰе͸ĸ£˱˱ָȻеֽ·ϼԡ
ɿһۣЦҡͷǰ¥ȥǲܽȥģͷһۣµһķʲôӡ
˽ΪҪΪǸҹΧҲǽҵͷ𣿡
ᶼ֪ҺͽҲͷģ䣬ڳ֮ϻƺ⣬⵹Ҳóñг
޶Թ
ɻͷ˿ղߵķʼգûīһ棬Ҳ֪ǵ˵׳ʲôӡ
㲻ܿôʮͱͷ͵ô궼Ųʡ
⻹пݣīܳԭ򣬽һġԷ˾֪ڶʮǰ˷ԣǵĻմ˻ؼңΪҡ
һʼյȷڸҶȹ˺ܲʱ⣬ϧõʱܿսˡة࣬ɻΪ֮һֱΪڸͬҲ¿ЦܿԶ˼ա
νްպ죬ްպã˿ɫļգ㿪ʼԼ䵭ڴʱУԻתһӣϧһŮŮΪŮãӴ˶ĸŮ˲Ųʡ
ī˵īǸԵ֣ǼͷҰ֡Ȼûʵ֤֤ɸԶԴĻ٣ĸŮ͸ӲˡմӴѻʮĸī㱻͵Ƕǣ˶ʱӹδи̽޲иһ㡣
ôһ˵Щмңȴ޿ģһоС
˸ղŵĻ棬ЩӦǵһηˣҸīӦÿζǮ£С
̾һ˵ʲôﲻ˸īֻܰԼֻҪˡ
ÿǶǣԭǴҴҶһл¥úõؿһۣͷЩ˵ԼңԶ¥ʮ¥ߣ򶥶ˣһǵͷЩЩԼ̫ңԶˡ
ʵ绹ڣɶÿһǮҪϸ㣬ڳһҲϰӵʵڲ˽ӽʲôо
߰ɡ
˵һ۱ǿһۣ֮·ʱ򣬽ɾͲò̾ԭˣϢգ˾ͺõòˣȻеۣҲѾûʲôˡ
ڹٵϸ·û뵽˸īʱĬסĽŲ
Ǹҹ
ǳСɣ
ղмΧ˻˵Լˣ֪ΪˣȻ֪ǸīͬУ´ؾǣ»¼ɡ
á
뿪˹ٵС뿪û̫ԶܿľƽǰСЩˣΪ˱ӳСû̫Զƺڰбīһ
ɻͷһīһûУҲòԵĺݡиϰףٵȫΪףôȻܰꡣ
ʮ٣ٸīȥף٣ȴһûĺݣǸԡ
ϧϰײţԵĽ֡
ٵϣڵŮӻۣʵ˭
ͷһīʵ
ôһۣС㣬˵ģǳСˣòԶ
ī΢΢ֻӦһŴߣ˵꿴˸īһۣɻС㣬ûΪ֪ǽŮ
īɿŴ⣬һһµطôŴʱʱ޵ķ羰
Ҽǵ
ǵ
һʱ֮벻īɣļһûиīã±㲻ٶˡ
ݻȥݾǣҪһµ·̡۸˽һ°ʱ䣬㹻ʱ䰵л͸īȥ
һηͣǸ˷ͣõвˣһεõݷ͵ĳ˽ҵ֮⣬ѹʵ޴󽫾ˡ
ֻܷ͵Ůɵǵһ
Ϊǵͣûп鳯ǰ¡أ۲ûжӭӣֻ񲿵ĹԱȥӭӽɡ
ŲԶڳſڵŵİˣһɫӣԶԶȥһͣſڣûڲˣӭҵĴô
ûмɣһôʣͷɫϱĵǵģ¹ٵȺ򽪽ܾˣ潫ϴӷ硣
ɴĵײϲˣղûϳԼʱһͷɫ֪˶Լء
߾ʿͷ­ѪػգЩĹӦס츣աʵȴЩԱԼöʣȴᾣڱ߾սĽʿ
ԭԹҵĿ̹ҳϣýɺ޲һ
ûһǹԱ֤æžǵһУֵʮܵµˡ
ǹԱȥϴ£׼ʥס޺ͳʳ棬ûҿǡҵ˶ȥ߾ˣյģûлȥǸһȥ˿ջ
ɽ˿ջ󣬱⿴ȥīǺų׷
ǿջĴôô˯ϰ߰
ڷ²ۣЦܲЩöˡ
**
Ӳӽպ
ⲻǽɵһνһʱǱԵԼگء̶ֻ꣬ˣΪһܷ͵Ů˶Ծش
ֺɣٹվԣ֮ǰʲô仯ûУɽ֪һжˣøˡ
ǲֱܱӵģ˽ߵǰͷֻע˵һɫۡ
ۿӵȷ̫ãʱʱ͵ɴɴͷϽλƷͰ
л¡
ƽʱΪˣΪġ
ɣ٣ƻ÷ڸ
ͼˣûꡣ
ɣɣ
ͼ˵Ͼϡ
ۻԼһרףԼ֣˿Ҳˡ
ˣΣ
Ǵ˵Լ񣬿Ҳû˾ʮֲʡ
л¹ģ޴󰭡
֮󣬴˵˼Ļɱ˵ٹٵĶ֮У˯ٹ˵޹ؽҪ¡кܶ˳ԲϷЩ֪鲻̫ƽֻ˵˶˵ˮ޺ˣֲֻ֮ࡣ
֮ûеġ
˳вٹԱŽ˵˿佪ɱ˵ã˿ոǿ˿ò毺ãЩ˶ǽһɵˡ
ҲգӦգ

˹Щɢ˵
롣


4 
۴ĹŽɹһ·϶˶û˵ߵſڣ˵һ䣺Īñ¾õȣȥա
˶٣˵һԣŽȥ鷿Եϰ飬۾Ͳ뾡ͷǰۼˣ밲㳯֣ˣա
ǣ¡
˵ʵɻЩŵġν黢ղô˾ˣ۵棬ĵЩͷ˹ȥȻĺ뿴һ۳ʲôӣϧ
ͼҪ
ɣǣǡ
̧ͷ
۵еƣľһ㣬괺ϣ̧ͷ۾ȴֱۣĿ䵽ϡ
Цǰ㣬ģɬǸˡ
ɣɲɣҼǵֻǸģû˵ҪԼָ鰡
ͼ侲侲
ɲûЦֻǵػһ䣺˵Цˡ
ֻнԼ֪˵ʱжཀྵӲ
Σ
ˣһű˵Щԭڱ߾פص顣ֻɾ֣˵ӦģôȤ֪ԼСڱ߾ô
ţȷ࣬ˣȿȡ
һӣȴôţϾҪ۲ûдӦ
±塣
ɾã׻Ҫһµġ
Ҳʮˣٳˣ޿ŵеһλˡ
ˣ
ɻ˵һ䣬۲ûм˵ȥתһ⣺󽫾ɻã
ǰЩţ˵һаãͱ¹ˡ
󽫾ΪΪӦõġ
˵һЩ뽪ദʱ飬ûи˵ԼӢ·սĹ¡
գֻҡҡͷʵش𣺡١
ױȽ϶ǽ̵о̣˵ǰ顣
˵ɫȥʧ䣬ȥеһ˿ɫʵǽŮʮǰǽսķоȻġ
ȻǽΨһŮǽҶãеһ㣬úܼࡣСͱɾһȥɼŬʼոƫλ磬ʼ䵭ġ
ʮ꣬ȥگأ̶룬λ粢ƽܡȻȴʼûиһʺ򣬽ܹܵԭеįǿһЩӦİɣ
ղ˵ţ˵һаҲֻƭ۵ģⲻһ׻ֻȥˡ
ʵϣѾûиˣУҲֻǾ·żʵǲ׵ģȻҪˣȴΪҪô
ԭȻ˵ĻϳԿ࣬綼Ҫ㣬ΪʲôӶ
ѵΪŮӣ
£گǱ߾ս²ϣ¿Ǹ߾ݡ
ɹҾͷȻۣȴһ̾
ɣ飬ˮʵˡ
ɵüͷ΢ɲ֪Լᱻܾ뵽߹صĽʿǣЩŭ
Ὠ꣬ʵ۷ۿʢ֮󣬸Ĵʵۣϧӵʼ㿪ʼ˥ˡ˱߾ԯϽǳдб˽ҲأʵܣɼѾʼĩ·
ʮǰյʱʮּң˲½һ۵ǻ֮󣬱ûһӣһʼȷڳϧ尾ˣʼûŤתơ
ܹյʱӱβ֪Щ˼ֻѾûȥˣֻܿŸ֮ǿųõƽ⣬ĻλһЩ
ֻϧҲǰֵ岻ãλֻӣӰӻδ꣬δ͡ҷְҷѾʲôܣڿ⣬ʱ죬λվҪġ
ˡ
˵һ䣬˵Լˣɱˡ
ճɱյ˽޵ţҲ֮еġž㲻𿪣Ҳ֪ǽϯԵ硣
ڴᣬΪʲôϯһ㶼ɼԳϯɳжϯʾءȻܵ˷ͣõأϯ磬۸Եӡ
ķνŮ
һҲһ˳ϯԼһȥʱܸ²һϯϵĳ̬
ϯ죬ûдŮװһװŮװ̫Ӱճ
Ҫȥܲܲȥ
Ҳѵûһֻȴͺ·һ
ܣҡ
һԼӣȻةฮȥһ·ϣǿةฮٵˣķ֣ƺʮδĸīȤ
Ҳѹ֣꼧ʦȻãȴǵһˡīʮʱ뿪˾ʦ˫ʮ껪Ҳ֪òǷĸ緶ҵĺ档
ǶʥģһȴһŮ˵òɲʲôӣӲŶԣ
ةฮǰҳӸ֮ʹӸ֮ſӭͣǽɣɫ˳ɺܿЦ˴Žɽȥ
뽪ҵôΪǸղźһ˲Ĳϲ
֪ҵ˻ҲѾǵһڹٳˣΪǲڿƲԼı顣
ʲôˣ
ɰ
ɣ
ס۵ĳ嶯Цŵҿɲ㡣

ҶŶϯֱµ㲻õġ۹ְԺͽһģӦϯµĵһϯţȻҲҪýѿġ
Լ⣬ɽȫ⣬Ҳûʲô⡣ݹȫȫˣֻнһŮˣȻ˽ɸղǾ仰
ҿɲ㡣
ԭ˰
û˹кҲʡÿףһûһšɽҲעΧϵ˭˭һģ˭ֱ䣬עǶ˵Щʲô
û⣬˵ģǸī
벻ʮδŮⳡϯʼǰǡ
ʱϯʼˣҲſڽˣԻδ֣һ˵ĳ֣˵Ŀⶼȥ
īӺԺɴӺͺ촽֣˫ԹǣΪ֮̾
ôݸīܽزױī㡣
˵ıǾƣɸīȴˡԣһ񣬱㾡ɫ
ɵľƱ͸ڴߣ񶨸һ֪ǲǴī˹
һ롭
롭
˺þá


5 
ϯʼˣԸ˾ƣ˵ףصĻȱȱҡľƱһԵһڲͣس⣬һ
ƹѲҿʼɻ˹˽һۣЦŵ󽫾ɻã
ˡ
㶣Ȼû뵽ɻôشһԵŵǺ˿ڳ棬ȸͣ
⡭
ԳõȷÿɷüĿġѾʮˣܿķɣĪֵǼҲᱻƭС
Ҹһжãة಻عġ
˵һ飬Щ֪ɫŻ˹˼󣬱߿ˡ
ת֮ʱɫһЩɻ󡣴УɲԴǣϧ𣬿ڿƺš
ȿȣȥéޡ
תͷܣҲеģ׼ȥͷߡʶؿһ۸ղŸīλã֪ʲôʱѾûˡȻ帵īȫòɽҲʶʲôоɫԼˡ
īѲŮܱȵˣʶסŨŨһȥЩңɼ
ղһۡǴīȷǿԼƺЦ⡣
ʲô˼
ˣˡ
ɵͷϹ䣬ܿȺߵһƫԺͼ徲ֻû뵽ƫԺҲˣ˵ˣ׼Ҫߣȴ˵ҿղŲ˶ȤϽ˰ɣҪڸҰۡ
Ǹ֮ߵͷסͣ½Ųסȥ
磬ԡ
īЩ䣬ŭģȴýЩڡ
ܾøīӦûȡ
磿ǲǸ׵δ֪ɱе׽
֮ǰ˵˸Ժܳ谮ͬīݣڳԣ֪Ҳ
ĸײǼˡŮΪж߹󣿡
˵ɵŭͷˣʵУЩݶ޿ĸ侮ʯĳЩݣ縵֮ͱˡ
֮ˣ
īЩһŭ͵Ḷ̌Լǲܶ£ⷢˡ
ͼһΪȡȶʳӦ
ɱͼͻȻֵһһЩ죬Ժ˵Ȼֹ
֪ˣ²ȥҲˡ
˶ʥ֮ˣһŮӣǰ׶ô
ɣͿҵˣ
ͼΪɶ
ͼԺɹؽһȼ˽ɵŭ򸵼֮㸸׶δ˵ʲôȴָָ㣬ƾʲô
īŲĽɣ۵һ˿ԵδǸ֮˿ڣʲôʱ򽪼˹ܵôȻ̸ˣ
ҲԽ˵˵ⷬһŮӵݸ˵ⷬ
ߵ֮ǰЦŵΪֻҪԷŮӣ裬ʹˡ
ɵĻвζ֮һǿ򶨵صĪڸҶ֣
ԽѵһĽţΪ˽ֵ£ͽִһ߰˳ߵ׳书С
Ȼᡣ
ɵͷһЦ֮ʱһӲ뿪ةฮ𣿡
ͼ
ī
֮ŽǸ˴֮㲻µˣɽһȻôһ¡
ôţе
ߣ
֮˵ȥɵļƣǲˡһߵĸīڴ뽪磬ûҪ¡
֮ȥī̾һʵﲻˡ
ǳ嶯Щǿֵо
īЦмֳˣȴԡ
СŮڴлպ뽪СЩ֮ǳ𡣡
ī˼͸Ȼ֪ɰԼΧʱ֮ı֪Ҳףɳں⣬һΪá
֪ġ
˵󣬿˸īһۣȴֱ˫۾һ˫ˮ⣬鶯ƺ˵һ۱ݽȥ
Ҳ븵Сġ
˵꣬תˡīӦһŽȥıӰ۵״һ˿ζʱ겻֪ðߵī󣺡С㣬Ҫô
ţ꣬Ұһ¡
**
ɻصҵ󣬶˱뿪ˡô뿪ϯǶ˼ҵĲĲ֮¶ȥˣҲһ
ھǵ죬֮ûԼ鷳ֻ֪ī᲻ᱻ۸øҡ룬ǾԼ̫嶯ˡ
ʱ˵ị̄¾͹ȥˡ
ɣͿ
ͼô
ƣȻҪˡ
ɣ㷢ͷôôŵʱ̷֪𣿡
ͼֲˡ
ɣ
ڴϣһŲԺʱͼ˵߻ħ
ɣ´鷳ҪڽŵʱͻȻ֣һ
ͼ֪ˡ
ɣĽǶ٣
ͼû˵𣿡
һסԼ࣬ȰԼҪ侲ʮ궼ôˣԼӦϰˡ
ͼȿȣһֵ
գֵҿ̵ֵ꣬Щʲô
뿴ˣֻʱͼ飬ʧȥ˴̵ֵȨޡ
ͼϣ
ͼ̵ֵ꣬Ժжʱ̵Ľ棬ͷƷýɴ۽硣
ͷ书ؼ顢з鱨ҩȵȣЩɼƬʲô
˵ļȻҲǿģ
ɷ˷棬ʵռƬīƬҲģһƬʮֵһģⲻӵ𣡡
ͼˣļ䲻Ǻܱʮˡ
һΣɾȻ˵ͼ˵ļȷֻܱڿûп̽˼Ȥ
뵽һԣʵīǲģܲҵҩ
ͼʲô
⡭
ŬػеݣûīʲôֻھĺڣīȾ纮Ͳˡ
ô˵ߵȷû˵׸īôģҲ۹ȣҲ̫ˡ
ɣҲ֪
֪ʱҪʦҽֻϧҽĺѹûϢʦǲܵˡ
ֻʱע⸵īǧʲôŴźá
ʱţŶ룺ˣǿˣ
˵꣬ŷֽڴϣƺ
ʲôоǾе¹
ʺܾˣһ·Ͻûͦڿ죬ƺǾڹ¹
ľ
Ҵʮڹķ


6 
ɺ׼ȥگǣû뵽ųǣ˸ī
ͷʵǲҪС·
̾˿ΧģһûУС·ɡ
һΣɻС·û̫Զ첻ظ
һ·ϲûзʲô£Ϊһֱƽȹʱȴ˺ü·ɽ
ȫסͷ˰Ǯ¡
ɺסδκζʵҪæ𣿡
˴ȻǾǵؽ磬˵ΰܺãӦɽЩɽô
ڹ۲죬ֻЩνġɽЬӲû̫ĥҪ֪ɽɽУɽ߶Ьĥĳ̶Ӧʮزǡ
ǲɽ
ʲôˣ
ͽɻδü֣СɽҪһǴ˵Ŀǳˡ
ǲùˣߣ
Ṧһ㿿ÿĻʱȻϵһߣ˺ݺݵ
ʲôˣҵӲ·
ǴͷġɽеĴָŽɣòأȻ¶۾Χ̥ǣƺ˰
ȵվǰŸϵ̾Ṧôô࣡
ûüشֻǡɽͷĿ˴ὫػհΣҲ˭ģʱòҪ·Ҳӡ
Щɽ׷׷ƺս
ߣ
Щɽתͷߣ¸ȷظīˡɵĳ˳ţԼڣЩɽĵóˣٲƽɫīպҪô죿
ɺɻһԭûеģĪΪʱԼƸ֮Բ֣
û°ɣ
һֱûжЩͷǲŻˣֲÿĻ
û£־СŮһΡ
īû£һֵûг򡭡
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ͼ֧񣬸ī򡣡
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ɣɣ
ãһ·л;ˣû뵽ԼΪֵˡ
ˣﲻҸ㵱ɣ
˵һԵ㶣·˵ģ
Ҳ밡뵽Ƕʮֲֵô
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ᡣ
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ҪҪҪ
ǽɿĿڣ˳ؾ潪ӦǿɵһҲʲô⣬ڴصŸīش
ʱóһֽݸ˽ɣЦţû̫ණкλλЦɡ
лˡ
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󣬽ɰԼ˨ǰƥǰУų̵ǿˡ
ԼƵظһԣŸ㣬һܡ
Ի٣
ͼ𣿡
ɣǣΪɶѸ˻֪һЩ
ͼԲۣˣҳ򡭡ǳˡ
ŬŬ죬Լʱʱһۣ·ҪǧС

ī˽һСŮﻹһЩ㣬Ҫ𣿡
ţѵīҵ
ͼȷǶӹбˣ
ɣ㣡
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޷ѾԼЩǶġ
ī˵ÿĻ̽ͷֽɵĻЦҼСһ⣬ͱܾˡ
˵Ѹٵ˻ȥֻ£ŵ񿴲ĵط
һɲˡ
ڣīţһ֧ԴĿ£һֵֻʳָԼĴȡ
꿴˸īһۣ漴˸ǷŴ˯˹ȥīڴʱۣĵԼܿ˱ֱ
˼һ˵ıӰ󣬴΢΢һĨЦ⣬漴ֱۡ
Ľɿǰһͷ
īϲôΪʲôҪô㣬Щֻܷ
ԭ˵θôġ
**
ͣͣһºڻصǶǡɰѸī͵Ǳɽׯ֮󣬱׼گǣ뿪ǰīס

ī˶٣ӭŽɻĿ⼸пգɽׯһˣл˵
ڲ˵
ɵ˼תת뵽ī˵һɣ㲻ٶʣá
ɽׯ˼ϡģǶǵָ룬һ㣬֡
·Сġ
á
ɰݱī󣬱ȥگǣȻԯʧأóȻܵûȥ򣬺˰ġ
Ŀͽ뿪ıӰֱˣīջ
ǵƺ󡣡
ī˵һ䡣
ǵģС㡣
Ӧһ䡣
**
ɻصگǣһȰľ鶼һ飬Ȼȥ״̬ȷһ󣬲Ϣʱ䡣
ɣ۰ð
ʵ˺ܳʱȥԭеս䣬Ѫ⽻֯ĳĲҽУ˱ǵѪζǻȵӾֳĿֲһٱ
УֹѪ࣬֫žϢǾҪԵĲпᣬΨ衣
սϣÿһȥ˶һͥ飬ǹ鲻ȥ꣬Ѫ˼
ͼֵѾʮˣȥܾã
ɣҲ֪ʮ꣬˭Ҹá
ͼ˴ˣⲻǸԼʱ
ɣǣÿ춼磬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ɻһСʱ
ͼ
ɲٸͼƱƣиҪҪǾ񣬸ṩȶʳӦҪңõѡǶǵ̺ˡ
ԭУԭȥǶǵֻֻ̺̣˵ɲԴǣ˫޷һ£±ˡ
˵ǶǣگǶûҪҵЩ̡̺
ɣͼ˵īǶʮ꣬Ӧ֪һЩ̺̰ɣȥ˵𣿡
ͼԡ
գˡīԼ⼸ʱȥͲͰȥվ͹ȥ
ֻҪãЧʻǺܿģܿͰȥīҲ˻ţ˵ʱ
գɱȥɽׯһĺԺ񲻴󣬲ͷ͸īͼˣط
ʱ뵽īѾ˲ˡյĸīһϮɫĳȹ֫ӯһգĳͶ㾡šī˽ɣ۵һ˿Ƴ仨ϵ¶ˮ

֣ƺÿһζ繣ýһ顣
Ʒ衣


7 
Ʒ衣
˹ȥº󷴵Щнˣҽʵһ󡣡
īһƵǰ磬ɫɫɶԲһϲͨȻ֪ʲô衣
ýǰʵΪ˴лľ֮Ƕպ죬ζڣԳ
á
ɲ˵£룬һڣζŨζ𣬹Ȼܺúȡɸīղ˵Ƕպ죬ǶȻǺܹġ
ƽǺȲġ
ȼڣٺ١
ͼϢ
ɣȰײȡ
һ׼һЩСˣǽﲻԸ緹ɣ
á
һ·ͣҲûԹʲôóԵģȥگ֮͸˵ˣܶһЩһЩ
Ž˵һ󣬲֪Ǻ£
īɣȴֱ֮ӣͷȲʵگǱ߾ӵʳһֱڶȱ͢ʳֻѰ취
Ƕв̺̣֪Ƿʶһܷ
ɿżɽ˵ˣīƺ̫ȣĬϢʶʶģҿԸдһš
īĬ˰ΣزǲøīΪˣ
ǲøΪˣ
ȸīش𣬽ˣλסδҿԼȥ
Ϊѡ
ī򴽵Цֵֻ˼һ£λȽʺ뽪̸¡
īָŲıأ۵׸һ˿ζ봫еģܲһ
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ҾȻڴˣ
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Ҳ棬֪ԭġ˵飬еԭֻǸڻңʵܶࡣ
Ȥˡ
ɣ
ڷ֣ǸȤȤˡ
ī˵󣬴ߵЦˣһʻȾʻɫ
ĪҪȡЦˡ
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ԭȤȤ
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˵еĸīڣˮӦǸһû뵽һνӴɷָīͦӵῪԼЦ˼̻
ȻҸĽ鲻ϲֻ͹һЩӦӵġ
ī˵ֺһڲ衣ʶȤؽʵңʲôҿΪô
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ͼ趨ǵһˣҲû취ġ
ͼ˶٣ֵ˼ֻǿһۣбҪôӦ𣿡
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׵ǣڵҲֻֽź·ڵĵطǰ׵ġһοԼֻ뵽ɿţ
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īЦȹСŮӼΣβǾ֮ͣСŮӲ󡣡
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ûа׳Եͣǰ¼
ȸīϵͳأøīæҪġ
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ͼ˼Ҷ˵Ϊ˴лľ֮ˣ㻹ߴߴġ
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ȷ׼ˣΪѾŵ˷˵ζĲɧˡīСؽ˼󣬱Žɽˡ
û뵽īԼ׼ķˣǶǵˡȻԹϻǿݵģƾŶֵϳ˼ˡ
زƵĽáϺƵ˫ƵķڷɺͺԲ㡣
Ѿ̲סˡ
īĵؽеĲʽ󣬱㿪ʼˡɺܶΪ˱󣬻ǾسԵúνʳ޲ī˵ɵæ˵˻
һٷԵúܿ죬ɷôȾȻһɨգīЩˡ
лл
ƽ˶󣬳ԵþͶ࣬ʳȱÿն뼢С
֮󣬳Թһˡ
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īǳӦһ䡣ڴʱˣŽЦ˵æʱ䣬ֻҪпգͿԵ¥ֺŷʱ򡣡
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꣬ĪҪʧԡ
īֱߵĲˮŵߴ˴ɵҺȤ
С㣬Ͳ¡
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˵꣬īնػشˡһڲ裬ݼ㣬ɿڣظʣ㡣
һҪƷأƷζ
**
¥ǰ˴к֮ܿͱСֺŷ
ֺŷĵ¼˽ɣӭμ
ĵк£ýЩӦض񡣡
ĵǸʮͷˣеȣһ㣬Цݵ˸еУһ޺ɽ֪̺̱ţûһֶΣã޺ǲ޺ġ
ڽҲѾ֪һˣϸģһýһЩ
á
ھе⣬ҲʲôܣʵҲоʳǣлǵس֮վǱˮнԼˣ˵һʳҪʯף⻹δʳġ
һ±ҪǧʯףǾһֻõǧʯףܶʱҪϡాȥ޷±ȴס߾ѾڽʿĪ󹦼ˡ
һҪǧʯף
ĵüͷ˼˰Σɱʵ̫Ϊˣ
ؽǧʯ׶һ˵ȷǸܴ󣬱ϾǻҪչʳͬУ±㲻⡣
ĵ˵󣬽ɳ˼£ʵͷ棬ҪЩʲô
ѴܸЩʲô


8 
ͷ棬ҪЩʲô
ɵȷˣ˲ƽ޹ʵذ㣬Ǳ
ȻĵܹӦԼ̸ôԼȻҪĶ
ĵЦ˿ҲĨˡ
ʵ֪͢گǵС󳡡
ŲµĵҪЩʲôҲѹԭУԭûдӦЩ˵
͢ƾʯĻ۸̫ǽܹûƾʯһЩʯǽôһ˵̣ٳɴ¡
ʯ
ƾʯ˴ḻ˼ľʯ˵Ǽ۸ǣѻƾʯĥԽǾ£ô۸Խǰ󣬼Ҳġ
ʯͱȽˣ˿񡢻ӡһЩ𹤾ߺ֮⣬̻ͻҩ͢Դ»ʮӵģһʯϸѿصģÿһ˶üǵ
Ҫʯʲô
ΪһɶԴ»ʮеģЩڱһЩƻհ顣
ʵһկӣͶ·˺ľۼأֲҩΪɽկһֱ⵽ɽӣ˲١
ǸկӵģֻûȥǾųկʮǰᷢģоܵǣͶ·֮£ɽִסԽԽ࣬ЭһկӣΪ˶Ǵӷĵľģųկ
ǰǶǷչѸ٣Ƕƣϧÿ˶лͶ·֮Ҳ˾ųկųկˣݽ棬ղܣٸҲܣܵĵط
ֻǽû뵽ɽȻǸط¡
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ɫһԣҪƻҩ
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һ᳹顣
Դˣɱֻɵ̬ȣҪȥųկһˣ˽ᡣ
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9 
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10 
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ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳеˣʵʲô¿԰æ𣿡
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š
ŮֻӦһͷ顣
ɺףǽɾͲһźˡ
Ůӷ²豭ЦһĬ˰Σſڡ
˰ڲġ


11 
ݣһ쳹ʵġɱگڵİճҹߡ
ˡ
˯ŵİǶڷһ飬سǵĽʿųǽϵĽʿһ֧֧ʸҹҲ˿˲ںڰеǧڼױ
ɣ鱨Ч
ͼͼƷƷ
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ͼ
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˽䱸쳣Ͷ»򣬰Ѳںڰеĺڼױȫˡ漴Ͷ»ʸúڼױͷӴܣֻϧ׼÷Χ
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еĳȾԯ˵Ѫ޷ϢĻꡣ
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ȥҲֹʡ
ֻҪԯϢĻᣬôⳡɱ¾ֹϢ

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ԭУŹصֶûбƣνɲ֪֪ⶨȻǲɹʵսۡ
ᡣ
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ڹô
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ɲ˵ʲôиȻأҲһ
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ס
˵ֿ˽һۣںЩô
ţҪԵġ
ףȻǽôǱ뾭顣
˵ܹأܹԼΪԵĵط
**
ϣԯ󽫳ȷʮϧûе֣ʧأܹȥսԯ޷ٽگǵĽʿҲԴ˿
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ΪȤˡ


12 
ΪȤˡ
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ССɽׯΪġ
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ͼԣҪ
ɣԣҪ
˵īĽ֣ӭŸīʵ壬𣿡
ī
仰øīЩֲûͷûԵĻʲô˼ĪԼ磿
ҵӲ޴󰭡
գʶԼ˵ʲôȻɵͷЦʧˣԷԷ
ī˿ɵĲ˳ͦÿġüĿӢЦʱ⣬ůġ
ֻǲ֪ΪδһЦˣôЦ
īǰһ£ʱɵʵȷڴͬ
ʱĽɣȷǲЦġ
극󣬽ɲԼ֧޴֡
ͼҪˣå
ɣҪ죿
ͼ
лҪ˵
īһֹģʵ
˼תת˴㣬ʵȥǽ˷𣿡
ȥġ
˷һ۾ƽûʲôˣнյʱкܶˡ
ȥ𣿡
ī˼һ£δ
ʮǰͷˣ˵**ʵ۵Ϲ㱻ζ**ʵϵģ˿ɳԽ
͵͵ȥ
ȻҲ֪ԭˣҪȥҲֻ͵͵ȥˡ
ī˲ԵرɴǽֻǲûţƵ
ǡ
īδ˵꣬ɱ§סҡ
ī
ͼԭģ
ɣɣ
һ˲ɽżһ㣬Ÿīڿն𣬽ż̤ǽѸٵȥ
īڿնһ̱ץ˽ɣɱһû뵽˵Ṧã¾ͷȥ
˵ڵġߣǾôͣʷԶ֮ϡ
СЩ̦
ɷŸīδԼվûȣýЩ⡣
ī书
ԭдδἰԼˡ
óһ֮ϣȻŸī¡īע⵽˽ϸĵľٶЦϸġ
ûиԼ̣īˣŪɾĶɫ
Ӧõġ
º󣬼ĿȥǶǵķ羰ǶǵķĿУҲѰɽҲĿСɽˮǸþɫҲǺɽӡ
Ī**ʵ֮󣬱ˣñҲһķ羰
ī۽ɣλŮв֪Լ˻ɱͷĴЦʮֿĵӡ
ܹսƬɽһɣ
Ѫ߰ߵأگǵľɫȫһػһ㡣
ʱվøߣܿķ羰
ī۵й⣬ǷһĨǳЦ⣺վøߣ˱㹻ˡ
ɳǰУīĻģģһЩʵϲƬɫ𣿡
ϲ
ī˼ػش֮ʽɣϲ𣿡
ţϲһػƬɽӵġ
ãɻ֪Լϵսɱ¾ΪʲôɿƬɫȻˣƬȾѪҲ뿴ʬҰ
گŹ֮Ѫ·ֻˡ
īŽɣϲ۵׵Ĺ⣬ȵģ̫һůˡ
㻹ǵã͹һô

ջ񣬿īʱֻóһ۳εķ䣺ǰҵġ
Ժμ䣬ˡگǵʱϹܼҸԭһƽ·Ƕǣƽһ㱻ƥײŮӡ
ɻǵԭƽȥʱ򣬻Ů˵ˣҪսɱˣң㡣
ֻǵŮګګӹԼûпգҴ뿪ˡ
δ룬µŮӣǸī
ˡ
ɿõƽ˼Щ㱣ǵʵԼϴѧ֮ǰĸҲԼһƽʮ֣صؽԼϣԼƽ
û뵽
꣬ÿɻƽ
ƽĸ
ɳ˳ǣЩο͸ˣøīЩ͸ʲô
Ұƽ㣬ϣƽƽگǣػɽӡ
īƽݵǰȴûգǰ˻ȥţҪƽ޲ʹ
īŽֿ񣬵ʱ㶣ĵһůʣһƷ硣
㡭ΪҪںң
ī۾ˮ⣬Ǻǳž޴
Ϊ֪ǸڵˣպΪһҪչ˺塣
ɻݣīںھȾ纮ղ븵īôڲʹϡ
֪Ǹڵˣ
īǺʵǵЦЩ΢
µģʲ鶨ȻҲǳڵģбպΪ
īЦţû˵˵öԣ˵òԡͣְܰǡô
Σīſڣȥˡ
á
ȥ󣬽ɱлˡ
ҾīҲȻܣﻹô
ɲ˵ʲôīȥ󣬱ϻگˡīĿ뿪Ÿղų˷۶ǹģ
С㣬ȥˣ
һؾˣΪīˣ룬Ϲûܹյ˸īġ
ȥһܸߵĵط
ī΢΢̧ףƣ¶һĨЦ⣺ɽӺ
ī˵˰漴תͷӵ
ô￴İ
Ȥ˭ϲأ
īЦһŽԶȥķĹ⣬ӳɽʱжˡ
Ժῴġ
īȥЦظ
𣿡
īһ¶һĨǳЦݡ
ţһġ


13 
սͣЪɽɵ鷳ûͣɴڸã㣬δĶ罪ˡ
ԭеʱߣ֪گʲôˡ
ϲִʤ̡
ȻЦţϿص˼һ԰׵Ŀס
š
ɴﲻϲһʼԼԼȥگǣӲĹͷԼԭչúܺãȴʹӣ˼δ鱨㺦ýʿ޹ɥ
ս鱨м٣֪ǹģҲ޿κΣҽҲ𷣽
ڽɲǵһˡ
Ǵ˵Ŀš
Լ˲裬ɽɲ˵䵭ɫý
ǶǣϣǼһ棬ٽһ¡
Ȼˡ
ɫ䣬Ѳӿ޲ֱ
ɣѾģֱҵʹɣ
ͼǣи񡣡
ɣܲܲҪڲԵʱ䷢񣿡
ͼ˵ҾҪˡ
ɣ˵
ͼ߽⽪ݵֵ
Ķˣ۾ҲǳˣݵķչȻкô
ɲûκηӦͷΪβ˵
ɻعһҲޡ
ʲô
ƺûϵĻش𣬵ЩȣΪԼֻţܴٳɴ¡
һֱĽɣȻܾˣ
˵Ҳޡ
վھеĽ£ҲӦʡ
˵꣬תͷߣҲվ˼֣ǵ֪һ㣡
Ǳ㷣ɣ
ǲ޵ģ˭˭ޣ
ԭУҲܾҲ˽ҪķʡûаѽɵŮֻǰһߡһԼķУǲˣͺܿܳΪв
ɱڻҵǴӾܾ׿ʼġ
Լ޸Ҳǹ̶֮ĺϵõһɵĴֻ֧֡Ҫ֧ĴԽ࣬и˿Ȱ˵۰̫֮λ
ʵȻϵλãɴжҡҲΪʲôҪһƺ⣬ΪֻҪһʧ⣬Ļλ᧿Σ
û뿪گǶ˼գնȥҽɣӦ£Ȼֱӱлͣýˡ
ʱִܹ漴˴ý룬һУ˭ġ
仰󣬽뿪گǡ
Ĵ󣬱ɫ뿪ˡ뿪󣬽ɫһ䣬ŬŬ죺ȻҪ͵°ң
ͼզ죿
ɣȻԸҵӦԼס
ĸؼסһ仰
֪Լĸ׹úÿ࣬ĸ״ûܹҲδǰۣһ
ĸԸΪԼĸ׷һУڲΪЩܶΪߣΪֵõ
ͼƽһֱ鷳
ɣǵģԭһֱԭ鷳ԭ˷
Ҳ̵潪ɵ֮·
ڴʱ˽Ӫˡ
и˸
˭
ƣʮֵؽӹţȥɡ
ǣ
뿪󣬽ɴŷ⣬дšɰŵݿüͷԽԽٴһ㡣
ɣҪҼ棬²ý֪
ԭԭûʱ档Ҫܿ˵ĶĿԭҲʮĿĲ˵ĺϵǸ̥¼ɡ
ͼô
ЦЦûشͼԼʵҲû
ԭΪʲôû棬ԭȻܻ£ĲĿ̫ԣԭǲᱳѽҵġ
ɣҲʲôˣҲʲôˣҵ֪ʲô̡
Ǹǫǫӣڣɽ֪ҲǱˡԭеûеһ㣬ڽɷ֣¶дô򵥡
ͼҪ
ɣȻҪ
˲ǺˣǺˣɣҲʲôǵĽɫ
**
Լ¥棬ɵʱ򣬱㱻ȥǽɵһ¥ͷݻԼ۽硣
ȭͷҹĽǣ̨һжǽûġĿת¥ʱţջ񣬿ɻ̲ס
¥䣬һ£ȣ˽ɱ¶һĨЦݡýɸоˣ濴Խ޺ԽҪˡ

֪ңΪ£
ɵ˲裬Цݲ䣺֪˿ôҲĨˡ
뱾ףõɡ
ɣ
Цθɣ
ЦŽûڽվȽŸѽֵ߳֡
֪һֱ㵱Լˣβȥƿؽң
룬ƿؽҵˣүɣ
ԼףȻԼȥԼƿؽңͬʱҲƿؽҡ
ϣֻҰģͬ뻢ıƤ뽪˲һ㡣
˵ˣԼȽϺõ˼Ǵž졣
ɣû˿Գ㣬ɽһһ롣
ˣ̲סЦү˵úǱȻܵõɽһ
˰вүҲףҿ㶨ס
˵ֻǸȡ裬ҲΪˣףҲ˿ͬô
ҰҰĶ󣬸ȡ裬ͬô
ɽֻ˼Ƭ̣ͬ⡣
Ȼû뵽ôױ˵µֵЩˡ
ȻⲻǰֻǰԼ
վĲ裬һҲûкȣҲ뱻ҵ
תߣҲѸղŵĶûˡ
뿪¥ͼſڣôקͲ㲻
ɣӺͽһҰļ󣬶ѡֻҡ
Ѱ󽪼ҵĸô֪Լܳ⣬ԼΨһĳ·ȻԼ
ɶ˶٣Ҫ߽⽪ݵý
ͼУдС
ʱ¥ֺŷĪõ˽Ϣ
ɴӦһɹԼСôġ
ţ֪ˡ
Ī˰֣뿪ǳɵȷһ˰ڲˣôһźô


14 
سŵûԼ׵Ҳûдţһжƽ
û˷˵ĲӬҲ˸ʱȥıԼ¡ҳӽ˼ʹӽҲɽҵĶޡΪŹ޷ƣݳ˽˷˺ر޴Ϊǲݡ
Ҫ߽⽪ݵҪ֪ıж٣жٽʿܿá֪ôϲҲϲ˵Ĳ֮ϣһЩʿܾʹ˱û
ȻݵĶǽӣҪݵҲ¡
£Ҫİæ
ɸһţݴԼ뽪̸뽪һЩ⡯С
ҲҰģ뽪˼֮λ֧֣Ȼġ
ͼͲתѰæ
ɣҰĲ뽪һġ
ͼô
룬˵Ҫ⣬ôôɽĴ󲿷ޡ
ɶ˶٣ʱҸ̸һ󳡵ĹȨݵıңҾͿ߽ݵ
ӵʵ
ͼ˼ǣĿ󳡹Ȩ
ɣԣͬһϣ󳡹Ȩڻصϣֻ׬⡣
ͼԹԵذѵֵĿ󳡹Ȩ
ɣںܶ˫۾Ŀŵʹ󳡹Ȩң;
ͼĬ˼룬ŷӦǿװǣ
ɣٺ٣ʧʧ񡣡
űĽ¶һĨЦ⣬һԵķһۣʵЦʲô
û¡
ɫʲôûټɻЦ˵Ц㡭ƻˡ
ֻȻɲ˵ҲͲˡ
ŹصƲô
ڵ޺衣
ս£޺趼ɵӪһж顣
⣬޺費ǵһˣ֮ǰɵĻشǳ͢ûκָʾûش޺⡣
Ƶˡ
ɴʵ⡣
ŹزƣگѰ
ȫȥֻһĻܳɹ
޺ʵǲǲֻϣܹ;ҵһŹصİ취
ֻڿ
ҽһ£ʱɣܰѳɹɡ
ʲô£Ҫ°æô
æʵɽֻҡͷܾ
أ³֮һٸǡ
޺û˵ֻǶɱ˺öࡣ˽۹£ֻҲ۲Ȼ
Ϊνɻ˸ı䣿
ࡣ
̧ۿЦܲһɲġ
ҲԭҪľʡ
**
պ󣬽ˣһ뽪һס
˵Ҫһ󳡵ĹȨ
ɽüͷʮأȴֿ˻
Ϲˡ
ò˵»ǺЧʵģôͰѽˡ
ԣҪʲô
һ߸ϵģƺƶ˱һס
ɳɫʵΪҪ󳡹Ȩ
˭ֱ֪󳡹Ȩô꣬ȴû˽һ֪ҪýɰѿóôضҪӦĴۡ
ǻܣ⴫ұҪõ󳡹Ȩ
գĬ˼ϢϣǶԽҾа¡
Ȼ
ЦЦЦݶڲסϲƺЦν޴
Ҫ󳡹ȨҪһЩ
ɫ߹սƵҪʿء
У˸˵
ûĸݣЩӣȻһЩɡ
á
ֽ߽зһ
ЩǽıǸղš
֪ɺͽ̸Щʲôɸղżһ뿪Ī۸ˣ
һʽףҪıҪҵĿ󳡹Ȩ
գеæ򲻿ɡ
ıǷԸЧȲۣǵõ󳡹Ȩ󳡳ʲô£ܻܿ޻ǡ
İɣǷҵˣá
ǵԭ֮ǰҲѾһֱЩ˵Ķ˽ɸȷЩܿá
ڿ󳡹Ȩջǻصϵġ
ʲô˼ֻǽƺûҪ˵ȥ˼㲻ˡ
ȻѾˣôŽ
ɲǳ嶯ˣľȻǾ˼ǵģ˷
³ˣ˵
á
**
¥ֺŷڣĪĵºȲ裬ĵ¸Ī㱨Լ顣
뽪˽¶׵Ѿ˾ǣظԺܿͳס
š
Īš
˵⽫ҳŮ޸޻ңϾԸ˵һ
ţ֮С
Ī˿ڲ裬ֵǶô
ˣҪĪ档
ĵ²ףΪʲôĪƵ򣬾˶֪
С²һô֪Ƕǣô֪Īģ
Īһֱ̺̱Ĵϰ壬ǰ͸Ƕǣ̡̺ƿ˺ڰֶǿӲֻҪΥ˳˳ˮ
Ǻηʥ˭֪һЩϰ壬ûʶĪǸʮͷˣͨҲͨǸȺкܿͱûˡ
ֻǣĪֱһ⵹һҪļ㡣
Ƕ֮£ᾪ
Ī˶٣֪֪Ȼǻģ֪ҵġ
ȻԸ֪
Ī˵¶һĨǳЦ⣬ĵ̲ס˸ܾñ쬵ġ
úܺã°ɡ
õġ
**
ǰŸߣǶǡû֪˴ε٣ҪȺ̺̱ƿߡĪ
ѾǶǲ°׮꣬Ų鵽Щ̺̱ƿߣҪǺηʥ
ҪǣҪѰĪĺ
ĪܹƿǶǵľ磬ô˵СΪãõġ
˸Ī˰ֻûлš
үĪȻ㣬ҪҪȥ
ء
ͳԼһĻȣĪдţҲöЩǡ
ǣү
Ҳжʮˣ۵ĳӣÿ㣬ȴֲʧգЦʱůк
мпģϳǰȡԣֳȣΪɽӡ
ɽȣɻȲͨ˼ʡ
ҲǶˡ


15 
¥ֺŷڣ尲ɽȣĪ裺Ȳ衣
Īù豭ûϺȣʵүܹҵ£ñ¡
Ī֪尲Ƕаߣǲ뱻֣尲û취Ĵڵġ
˵Цˣܽʶ˵Ǳҡ
尲ֵòĪȲ裬Ҳգ豭ȾĪһĪ״ź尲Ĳ裬̬ȴɲ̲
үлֱ˵ǡ
æǱֱ˵ˡ
尲ֱߵɽȣʵõ֧֣ôЩʲô
үʲô壿
ڱǷʦ
尲˵ĪüЦҵǣүʲô壿
尲Ī֪ûô׺Ūȥ˵ǱĺܣǱȡ̫֮λǿĺܡ
ôҰܵõʲôǳɹܸʲô
Ī˵ЦһǸǸˣȻ֪һʽ׵Ρ
尲û˵˵̫ǲ˵ġ
ة࣬ȻҪ࣬պҪȨ㳯Ұǡ
Īԡ
尲ضĪĻĪҲգֻЦЦǲɵȻ˳Ÿҵľ籾ߡ
尲һĪ˼ȡ
Īкθ߼
Ī豭һ²ˮҴѳŮ޸޻ңɣӸҵĵ
ĪϢͨ
ģϢǲͨҲˡ
Ī˶٣΢΢̧ۿ尲Ȼֹⳡ¡
尲û˵ֻЦЦЦлһ˿㡣
Ī֪Լ˵ˣֵֻһӣһǸɵӣǳŮޣҲôŮ޹ȥ
ҴŮʫǸŮǾд嶼ŵŮˣԾиüֵĴŮ޵ޡ
š
£尲ӦһֻĪҲϣҵô
Ī尲Щ裬˵ȻҪΪǿεõҪıꡣ
ĪҪʲô
尲չɽȣǺɫ
Ҫƿ޺ݵľá
Ī˶٣ҲҡȨˣֻҪơ
ĪҪЩʲô
ҿңһ£Ҫ븵ҳŮס
尲գüͷûӦ˭֪īĸ˭ΪӣȢ˵֮Ů
˸룬ֲô졣
尲ûдӦҳŮĳ
ҳŮǶסʮꡣ
Ī˿ڲ裬һЩ̼ҽãòپ֮ҪǣϣҲֻʣ´Ůܹˣͬһ·
ĪԾǵƣǳ˽⡣
尲ƤЦⲻЦĪ˼⡣
ȻϾ֪ܻҪң
ĪǳǳЦţһ˿ζ尲Цݡ
Ī˼
ҿøڣİɣҲỵµġ
Ī˶٣ֻǻ븵ҽϣұûôֹǼ׳ˡ
ΪβǴŮ
ҳŮ븵Ҳͬ·ˣŮǣԼϸ˼һ¡
ˡ
尲ӣվĪҾ̸ࡣ
˵꣬尲óһ񣺡СС⣬ɾ⡣
尲Ѱŵϱת뿪ˡĪؿһǿϵȰȱȱ
ʼˣȻĻ̥
**
ɽׯڣԺӵСͤУŲ裺߶Ÿˡ

īѸƵǰΪ׼ˮ⡣
лл
ûԣʵʵһˡ
һˣ
ī¶ǳЦ⣬СŮ֪Ȼ֪޲޲
֪ԣ
īĬ˼Ϣ˵ǶǱľפصĸ
ԣ
ԸǶǣҶЩӡ󡣡
ī˵󣬽ɽüͷ֪ǶǣԲŻʸ˵ȥȾƣ
š
ǶľͽÿҾƹݶȥҲÿҾƹݶ޹ˣ˱
֮ǰĻţΪˣ
ī򴽣ǰϼѹˣ֪Ĳࡣ
ã֪ˡ
ʵֱĵ£ĵ֪øһЩ˸īãīĵ¸ֵһЩɣ
ͼ԰ɣ
ɣ˵ƣ
һ龧Өˮ⣬ҧһڣնлһ£´ݷá
漴һڲ裬ţò衣
ŸīҾ漴뿪ɽׯʱŹʵС㣬ΪβǶΪ˻ȥŹ˲˹ģ
Իȥ顣
īֻǵ˵һ䣬һˮ⣬ҧһڡ
ȥ飬ΪλҪС㣿
˵ī׽ĶҲͣ
֪
īˮ⣬ǳЦ֪Ȥ
**
ȥƹݴ̽ԵȷȾƣһÿյʱͻ
ǱǲľصģһĻţȴԸʶˡԭļУԭһֱڹעԵֻǼֻйڶǸƹϢ
ûֵùעĵطԭע
ھƹݴʱȻȵ˶ԡֻƹһǮʲôҲû˵ԹԵȥ
СҲϸ˾ƣڴں
˹ȥڶԸǰһȻֻԳһۣһʻɫ

ӾͰȾƣܵ𣿡
Գ׳ʵȴסüĿֻЦѹס̳ӡ
Ҫ̳ӣɾ̳ӱѹסƶ˰֡
ʲô
˵һĵĻţΪˣ
󣬱ЦʲôЦһĻΣ
˲Ц⣬䣬סˡ
˵㹶һʲô
ס
ɺܿ׹ʲ֮ˣȻ¶ԡ
ǽӣѹãǷâ¶ȷǡ
ıô
ЦЦʵʲôʱ˽ͷЩƭ֪ͼ
ɲⶡϳԼݣϾڴᣬҴžװ߶ڳŮӲࡣߣϳݣģ֮١
ڽҲˡ
ұύҪձµļ˺ͼ֧СӣԸ׷ô
ֹסЦ⣬Žʱŷ˿˿â


16 
ɴӾʱ黹мϿˣ鲻֪ͻȻ
尲븵īվһ𣬾һԡ˵尲Ǹīı˵Ŀʼڸ̨
ɾվм뿴ǣīЦ绨尲మĽ֣ʱעõġ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣӴ󣬽ɶ԰ӡҲ
ܾûʼ˶ףǰ塣
ͼ֧㸵ī֣Եõʮֵ
ɣϵͳô𣡡
ﱾζɱͼôһʲôζɢˣֻʣߡ
ɣûһҪô֣
ͼԲ֧񰡣
ɣҲ
ɻδ˵꣬īһ

²ŻعҲ֪ʲôʱī˹尲Ͳ֪ȥˡ
ԭ飬尲Ǹīһ֣
㣬ôˣǣ˼ǣô
īЦɰ
ͼ
ɣҿɰ
ĪҪȡЦˡ
һݵŮ˵ɰЩΥ͸ˡ
СŮһ󣬲֪ɷӦ
ʲô󣿡
ɲ˵꣬мһײ˸īһ£꿪ڣɱһۡ
˼״߿ˡ
ŸīһԵĲ£ŷԼȻȻ˸ī󡣲룬ŮӣīӦǲġ
ղŸ˵ʲô󣿡
µһ䣬Ǹī㶣ԾطԼ˵СŮ˵պܲƣܾ㣬̫ˡ
һһԭˡģȻû⣬īҪôƺôƺ
á
鳤һ꣬ܽСô
ԡ
īĴ俪Ц⣬ʯҫҫ۵Ĺâ˻
īҪȥô
Сô
īʣܾԼβͣī֪ԼʲôĴ
ûУҪߣ
á
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ͼȻϣˣʮֵڹİٵֵ
һ·мУһԵ궼ǾΡ
Сϰô
š
ò״һ⣬ɱ˳ŸīĻ˵ȥױϸҪСʱáͦʵ
ɰѡ࡯˻ȥ˵ıϲǲͨģ븵īǲ˵ˡ
ī⵽˽ĨЦû˵СʱʵṦ书
ɵṦǴӴģ׷粽ֵܶṦȻǾֻṦܱȵġ
һǽˣṦҵؼ
޷ۣҲ£͢ȻҲܡֻĹ书īҲˡ
īҪԵʲô𣿡
ͺˣԼûǮôһʣȻҪԷԵģԼǵǮô
ţӶмһֱߣܵɽׯȥԣ
īϵĲȻ飬ǸҲˬشӦ
صɽׯīó򵥵׼һЩСˣԼ˲кɡ
ͼֲϷˡ
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Сῡ
ţ
ӦһīʵϲȾƻǺȲ裿
ʵϲȾƵģԲûʲôоɸīȲ裬ֻ˵ϲ
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ΪΣ
īЦ˵ΪСǸˡ
ī΢΢̧뽪ɶӣ˺ܿͰĿˡ
СΪβҶӣ
𣿡
ˣֱ׳ؿ˹ȥһϸīˮֲԾˡ
īˣдһ˿ģɾԲס
ڼҸϯϣڶΪңΪҽΧˣΣղţΪΣ
īһ֧ԴµؿŽɣ𽥾ȵģ
ɱ˼Ҳ֪óϻǲϲźá룬ʲôòϵģûʲô˼
ֻī̫ÿҿЩ˼
Щ١
һֻʱīԼʱһ˲˲ضԼġ
룬ԼĳŸīġ
СῳҲÿҾϲ࿴ۡ
ɣһ˵ҳúÿҸø˻Ǿڷң
ͼŵ㣬㳤õȷǺ˵㡣
ɣ죡
ɵȷЩܲסī񣬲ģȵģҪԼ͸һ
ǴôϾīԼĸоһֱ磬ȴǺܼͺзִˡ
ǲͻˣ
һֱ˵īǸ⣬ҪǸʱ򣬽ɱûûУ뿴㿴ֲֵǮ
īգЦҡͷÿ˶޼۵ģС޼۵ġ
ī˵ǡ
īŽɵ֣ϼ룬ҲһЩǳ˺ۡ
ɣ
īڽɵָͣ¶һ˿ۡ
ܼ࣬ػһ㹻ˡ
ɴ֮һֱãǿڹθкԭܿͽɫ
һֺǿҵҪػ
ī
ɳһգΪӦһҪúչԼˣҪʱҽ
ɶûжģΪ±̫죬Ѳ⣬û취ԤԼǷܻ
޷ϣīܻٲҪԭһһֻ³
ˣīЩӣ˿⣺ĪҪ˵Щˡ
㲻ġ
ɿŸīԴŭ֪ʧԣ㲻˵ȥȻãԼ븵īĽ飬ƺҲû˵ĵز
Ȼ˾ӣر߹أԼɲԼˡ
֪ˣӦңһҪúչԼ
ɾãԼƺûʱȥѧҽˣֻøīúչԼˡ
š
īӦ£˸պ׼ˣ˳Թ󣬽ɱ뿪ˡڼ䣬˵Ļ࣬ƺɸղһϯգɨˡ
뿪ʵС㣬㲻˵ÿ˶м۸ôղš
ȷˡ
ǽɡ
޼۵ģ仰١
īŽ뿪ķֳ˳
һգΪ
ķҡ
**
ɰύ˽ˬʹӦˡڽǩ֮󣬱±ӵ
ʮæµīûи룬˾ʧ˽һżǻ
һ˵ʱֹܻᷢϢر࣬ڡ
˵īگǣ
ǰҽտگʻӦûп
˵󣬽ɳɻ
گʲô


17 
ԯ޷ٽگǵİնһмֵҲ
گǣɺľӾӢۣмн˺ˡ
īһ֧ˣΩΩФһݵŮһ㡣
Ҫ𣿡
˵ĴЦݿ䣬īҲ㸶ǮˣҾҪ
ī󣬱мˣϸȥһ۸īϵˣǽ𣿡
š
īǵһگǣ֮ǰԶԶɴսʱģʱ˵ģ
ֻʱĸīԽɲûжȤ
گǵİĺϲ
꿴ˣղһЩ̯ϰƷнɵģ
ֿ֮ˣȻϲ
īһֱԼеˣȴûгԣҪ˵ÿһ
СҲϲô
īĽŲͣ˼Ƭ̣Цϲ
ϡˣô꣬δ˵ϲ˭ﵱر𡣡
˼ǰİ尲ī˽´δī˵ɡ
껹ǵոīϦͻȻ˵һ䣺֪گһпɺã
ǲ뽪ˣǣīȻܻ˵ǡ
ȻǱگǡ
С㣬Ϊβ˸ţ
ÿζȥǶǣЩ׵ġ
ī̯ϵˣܿ˽ģֻңҲû˵Ҫ
īְ˷ò
㲻˵
˳ڣ׼ī˼㲻ٶˡ
С㣬ΪǶǣȴگǣĺ𣿡
ǶǣΪҡ
ҲȷǲǴÿ˵īܻһ˿⣬оǲϲ˵ġ
ΪθīҪ̸Цһͬȥ仨ƻ᣿
Լīˡ
ûīʮǰŸīǶǣī˼׽ɺڸīܶʱԸͬԼ˵
ʲôʱȥ

īȷگǹ䣬Ҫȷϡ
ī˼ӣϰ彻̸˼䣬Щ뿪ˡ
˰ī̻Ƕˡ
С㣬һ˳ô
ţ˳
ī˵˳ҲĻǶˡʱ֣ٵϼûˣӹ
īóֽеˣ׼ϸʱȴһͣ˻
·
ī˷źãһɱұɱң
һ󼱴ٻҵĽŲнԶӦ뿪ˡīһ񣬾ԼʱͷִӯĽŲ˺ȵη󱲣
īס֣ʾȥÿӣһװǰ·ľһȺźµˡ
ü漴ī˼䡣
Ŷɱõˣ
īɫ䣬ֻ˳˴Ǯˡ
⣬һݵǰ¶Ǳսƣɱֺһ
ͷһ޽ˣίֻ˵ɱˣɱˣǮ
һһϸǵװú統ߣɱõװίɱī
ҵѣִҪ֣ôͰ
߾ңտ࣬֯ɺȻĻһƬǹ֮ľ
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Сΰ㲻ˡ
īû뵽ɻͻȻ֣ûýɾЩС
û˵վýָȺɱ֣ɡ
ɲɱҪػˣԾԲЩɱ˸īֺ
ɼǵãȷôһΣīȻ˵ˣˡֻǣڶඥɱֵУôӵģĪİǣ
ЩɱһӵϣֻܴҴҵСһЩ
漴ڵĸīֻһüͷԽԽƺܵġڴʱͻȻ̽һǽ̸ֱīüģֻԶľ룬ȻīȴҲûؿǱ
ʱ򣬸īס֣ʾҪ
ܿ죬Ǳ˳ȥѲѪⱻп
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û¡
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ī̲סÿӣ˿ͷɵĽʮֹ䣬ǹһЩɱֶް취
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񽣷ǾӱѧĽܿ׽񽭺ѧһһʽ䡣
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Ѫζ˱ǶЩʡ
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ж
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á
ګګӹȻȥҲûϸԷԼǽⶾǶֻɻһ£ΪʲôīŽⶾ
ʵýⶾҲѶƳ֮ǰǸʱĶЩ̫Сˡ
ܹˣѾϰʹɲ֪ΪΣīԼ˿¶ǵɫʱԼܾʹŴһˡ
ͼװɣ
ɣĺʹ
ô
ۡ
˵־ԼӲϸĿڵôۡ
ī˽һֿۣ˿Χʬһأüͷ
뿪
ע⵽īı飬Ѹīȥݾܾؼ˼ǣ㻺ǰˡ
ī˵ʲôɼ˾ǿıӰɵ˿ڣЩѪδֹ˾㲻Լӣ
һ·֮󣬸īŵСΰͣ
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ī漴˽ɵĻСĵذȥŷϲֹһ˺ۣǳǳľɰ̺ۡ
īֳ˳ָػˡ
ʱô
˵ʵɲǵˣ˰ʣ˰£˿ںҲͦ۵ġתۿī۵񣬽ɳĬˣ֪Ҫôش𣬲øīһЩ
ǲ̫ˣ
ʵī˶ˡ
Сƻ
ɣ


18 
Сƻ
īýĨȥϵѪۺˮҪҩ
īǺ⣿
ī°ѽɸŪˣ׸īʲô˼
ô˵ұˡ
ɣ
ûģ˵ͷԼҩӣòŵδʹң಻֪λӦ
īʱ̧ͷɣ˫һ΢΢ֻ̾˿ɵӡ
ɣôɵˣ
ͼңֻһϵͳûôӵĸ顣
ɣܸɵĺͿ±ĸӶˡ
ͼ
Ϻҩ󣬸īŻصȻȻسǵǻǶǡ
صǶǵʱ򣬸īɳԱ㷹ɽ˵Ҫ죬û
С㣬֮ǰ˵ɲɵôΪʲôֽɵˡ
֪ԼʮΪʲôĺܺ棬Ǹīͽ֮ദȷĪĸо
ǰΪʲôأ
ī̾˿Ҳ֪ôش⡣ɲɵʱɵӣ֪Լ
ҿ˰ա
ī˵գתصԺЦظں棬ʵܾСһʱЩ
ô
īÿɷĻһ䣬ҲûԼ΢΢һȣЩ¶ȡ
׼̤Ժʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲͷȥǽ۷ˣ֪˭Ҫ㲻ô
īѰ˼˰ΣǾ֪
˭
ЩУһҪĸо
£Сܣһᴦõġ
ī˵꣬˴һΣ㵱治Էô
˵ˣôܲĶǴõĲ䷹ᰡ
ǡҰ鴦ꣿ
Ҫ뵽īûͬǶǣѼƻƵ˰
û뵽ɸⳡɱȻҪɱī
ãҵ㡣
ɵõӦתͷˣȥһ硣
С㣬ҷɵ
īŽȥıӰЩ񣬲Ծһ䣺꣬˵Ϊң
԰ûҡ
ղɸеˣȻǸī꿴˸īһۣŬŬ죬Ȼˡ
úÿҲ֮У־ýɲ̫עɫ֮ˡ
īҲûȥϴ뽪мϵΪԼСʱʼһжɺϣ˿һ𣬾עһ
ֻǲ֪עǺãǻ
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ȥҶԵģ԰СӴگǣҵƽɱ
󣬽ȥɽׯ
ī׼˷ˣһұ㿪ˡȳԱ󣬽ɲʣīɱ£治ҪҰæô
Ҫҿԡ
ЩǣɽׯûлԺô
ΣֻˣûпκλԺǴ̿ɱīǺΣգ
˵īܹɱֻ˵밲ܶ׵鴫ؾǣ˼ޣ˭ȴû˵ʱܾûн˸оںû뵽侳òˡ
˭ɵģ
ģɱʧֱ㲻ٽίС
īô˵ɺȻԼеɵɱúôһء
ԷɵãǺã
仰üͷһ̲סתۿīɫ
ڽ伣û˵ǵټӦµġ
ī˵ú侲˿ɱľšĪԭУ尲²ʣѵá
գҲǰīȻ˵Ļȴŷž
īǴһֺܳȵš
Ȼīô˵ˣҾͲൣˡ
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Ҹлľ֮
ͼÿһʣ콪Զʳ𣿡
ɣ죡
кܶ࣬һʱ䶼޷Ƕˡ
š
īֻǵӦһĵЩʧ䣬ܿ͵ˡ
ȸˡ
ã㡣
īŽһС·ȻĿ뿪
꿴Ž뿪ķ򣬲̾˿ýڵʱ򣬸ī˶ʻҲ˼еЦݣܳһʱ䶼ô
꿴۸ī˹ƾͻ᲻ˡ
С㣬ɱõҪô
īջ񣬰ȥĳֻް
ɱõȷٽίУǶʱڡ
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ȥʰװ
ʰװСȥ
īû˵ֻЦЦԺȥ
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ɵȷæձ˽Ķ󣬱һЩĿگ²
گÿһʱ䶼ỻһβϾԯ϶ˣǲǶگǻָơ
Իǽɺͷ۵飬иǰæԴҲô಻ͬĲƻ
һæһ±ȥˣֱѹȨ˻߽⽪ݵˡ
ͼֵڹоŰֵ
æһĽɿԼϣۼҿ̵ֵꡣ
ִ˷нˮ֮ҪһԼˣֻ
̵ֵ򿪣򿪵ҩһһƷǿ˽״̬֪ᱣΣգЧ÷ѹ
ɣⶫôģ
ͼ԰
ɣĵطڣҲҪһǧֵ
ɲףⶫ˼֮⣬ʲôôû޸ƵĹܡ
ͼһйϢҲмĹЧ嵽ʮˡ
ɣ
ͼϢһǧֵ
ɣˣͣҲ򡣡
ʵû뵽ܹʲôطղŵĹڿ̵ֵЩƷ󣬽ɾʹùġ
侲룬ҲûʲôҪġ
ʱˣɫҴҵģɻΪʲô鷳ˡ

£
ܲһҪ˵Ӧʲô¡
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ɣ
ʲôˮĸ
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˵Цصʱˣ
뵽īòʱĻŭţְĽ֮飬ǿ鱶á
֮ǰȥǶǰ£ҳԹη
Զʳ
ͼŶˡ
ɣ


19 
һգȥҸīܾóԶʳãҲûʲôȥ˼ҡ
ͼҲ֪ԶʳŶ
ɣҾΣԵʳôˣ
ͼҲԡ
룬Ǿˡ˵ŲȥҸīˣɽɻ͵Уȥмܲ
ûսµگǻǺֵģҼ˽ɶкҲһһͷӦ൱
ȥҩѯһ¡
ϰ壬ǶǵֹѪҩΪô٣
˵ǳżīģʵɻҪ죬ǱֹѪҩĹӦ⡣ϰ忪İٲگǵһҩֻ̣ǶǵֹѪҩа˳ɶṩӦӡ
ҲΪֹѪҩĹӦǶȨж٣ֻܸˡ
ϰҲΪѣó˲˵ֹѪҩĹӦСûƭ
ã֪ˣлл㣬ϰ塣
ֹѪҩָӦһʱ䣬Ȼ˺ܶ๩Ӧɲ˽
ǶĹӦ⣬ôȥǶǼһĵˡ
ĪǾųկˣ
ɫصתͷû뵽պײīſڵ
壬ī
üļ˲չʵٲãˣ
ɲɣŮĲôھͿʼ˰ɣ
ͼôģ֪ĻΪףô
ɣغˣܲ𣿡
ͼҲǡ
ǣֻҼſڵȺһ¡
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Ҫæ𣿡
òɱĺȥ䷹иҪҪȥ졣
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˵꣬Ӫȥˡ
뿪󣬲Щߡīն䣬òˣǸȴҴҵˡ
С㣬㶼ô˵߾ߣôҲ˵
Ȼīû˵ܾøīگǣΪ˽ɡ
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īתߣϸϣס˵ƿ䣺С㣬ΪŹ𣿡
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ҡҲµġ
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ԣϸҩģΣµȫˣҲʧ˲١
ĵ´̾һһݣҹٸٸ̽Ҳκ
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ӣ
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ľˣɶҲЩ١
عŰֺͷĿģһ;ʲôöĽعٵĲϣֻҪһЩܼѪŬԼŭˣȴԽɱ᰸
ʵû취Ҳκ˿
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Ϊβȥųկ̽
⡭
عٵ۾תתҪԣɱ㶯˶еĽŵعϵųկԹٸкܴĳɼǺǷγͻֻҪӴ͵÷Ѫ¼
ɵɫ˳𳤽һӣŵعٴһعٵͷڲϣһΪĲŲ輸
عٴΪΪҲѾƣˣһ೯͢ϻġ
ɰѳջؽ֮Уˣأ
ǣǣ˵öԡ
عŵõڵϣ亹ǰֺΪĴ˶
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ٶϮýʿڱ߾Ѫǽػ˰յܣվزסյİ
뿪ţȥ˼̼ѯʣõһµĴ𰸺󣬲ȥ˾ųկ
һΣǴŶģİˣųկȻЩ䱸ڽѯҩһ£ųկ˱еˡ
ǹٸˣ
仰˽Ǯϴ֮ǰǱųկʱ򣬱һΡ
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ųկԳ͢˶е⣬ɽǲͬģر߹أǰտеӢۡ
ԷǽǮϴɫҲͲ٣ѯʽɵ⣬˹ڵ顣
ȷɧŹųկ̤ҩݡ
Ǯϴ߷ǲֻڰ·زҩ͡
ȥǾǶǺگǣģ֪ʲôĿġ
Ǯϴ˵˵Щǳʵа취ǣ
С
Ҳɱˣ򵥿ݡ
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Ǯϴ˵󣬽ɿ˿ųկѾûеʱĲҿˣɻɽӣ
֪£
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š
תߣӢˬڳӶ硣
ʱųկ˶ڽͷӶǮϴǵĻ۳һۡ
ǳ͢иˣǸöá
**
ɻصگǺ󣬱øղŵõ鱨
ȺɧŹųկûˣֻǼ̤˲ҩΣǻͲҩˣɱԽǶǵҩĹӦȷһЩ⣬ص⻹ֹѪҩĹӦͺگǵʿһ
ڿʲô
ʱ򣬼̯ͼ˼ӣʡ
ֹѪҩӦ⣬ȥΪҩص¡
ָָǶǺگ֮·ǵıؾ֮·
ɱǣ
š
ǷȥֹѪҩ޷ӦӦս»ʮص⡣
һԴӣҲ뿴±Ľʿжٱ¡
ôһ˵һ֮¡
ЦЦʾͬǲǵһνֻҪȷ;鱨Ǳᶯ֣ͬʱҲǶʿ;֮һ
һǡ
ʲôǣ
ʵ
ЩƺǶֹѪҩµģ֪ǲˡ
дǣʱ׽һ˿ʱǡ
š
ɵ뿴˭ɳϾҩ֮¡
㰲һ£ұȥ˷ˣʮ˵Ķӡ
ǣ
ȥ󣬽ɵĶӹؽ˽УԼæһ죬ʲôûԹ
ͼҪȥԶʳ
ɣ𣡡
ͼ㲻ǰ
ɣ


20 
ûȥҸīھг˷ݲ˶ӡ
ڶ죬ȥмһǸһȥģֻ޺սȥ
û뵽̣˸īƺʦһЩĻذ
ī
ī
һ˼ؿɣʱǰŮˣ
īĪǾ˵λҳŮ
ԭСΰҲ𣿡
Сΰ
۾ôģʲô˵顣ݵĽɣȻ˻Сΰ
꿴Ǳı仯ﲻ̣⽪ߵҲɵ
Īô룬ֻıЩɴ۾΢죬еɵӡ
ţ㶫
̲ס࿴һ۸ī˽մһɫȹͷɫۣ˾裬˿ɣմ˼̻
緹ʱ쵽ˣ㵽լӳԶ緹
ī룬رԼڳԷⷽ档ɻδش𣬱ңҾͲˣһ¡
֪ΪΣܾô˶ֻһķΧԼȥͻΧ
ֱһ׼ȷԥؾܾ˸ī롣
ЩΪѣѵԼҪԶʳ
ͼҿ㻹ͦ˵ӡ
ɣ𣿡
ͼ΢΢Ļȡ
ɣ
ͼѣɹȻϱס飬һֵû⣬ĪҪ˸ĺ⣬ʵϢϢ
գһýλŮӻ֪ԼСݡ
ĳȫһĸжûˣӦ£á
ͼӦúøɴࡣ
ɣŤŤʲôӡ
ͼΪ˳ԣȻɱϡ
ɣǵȻ
ֱīալУθī׼ģǲ裬Ǿơ
˾ΪǺӣ󾢺ǿոɶ
īţӦãǳǳһڣζ𣬾ζɿڸȴƾƣԻԡ
īҲϲƣ
š
ɷ¾Ʊ͵ЦȻԼ˴֮⣬鵱֪٣ϲȾƣ£Ʒζ
ī沩ѧ
īһǳǳЦЦֵֻԶˡ
īԼϲɻԼīǷ·ǶԼĳƺز꣬ɱ˵ԣΨڻԼʱ˵ࡣ
ﺬǡ
ذĪǷֹٶȴɱ㣿
ֻԷһ
ī˵󣬽ɳ˰Σʵ𣿡
ī㶣ѡᡯ̻ȥһΪѵᡣ
ҽ㣿
á
С赶Ūǹػʮ˽⡣ӹīݹ｣ܿ˻ڡ
Ϊϡ
īԹ֣ɱСĵذڸīϡſīƤĺðףֱϵɼָ޳ȳƣֶ
ī΢΢ͷŽɣɫ̲סʵСΰΪң
ɵĶ˶٣Ĵ𰸣Щӡ
ʶīȷΪϵͳ񣬿ϲīȻ뿴䵽Ľ֡ϸ룬ʶīȷİѵģȻҲϣƽ¡
Ϊѣϣƽ
ЦЦֽŽͣǾˣصĳǰյİΣ˵ƽ
ɰ｣ɽ̶ȣϣƽ
Ҳϣƽ
ī˵ȴ򴽣ǾԼѿڶ
̫ô
ᡣ
ɵ˵ͷԼ븵īż磬̧īֱָۣſտĿ븵īһ£һ˿ߣֻҪܷ
á
īݲӦһʣҶô
īԽɵţ˿گǶأɸī֪ǡ
Źعãֻܳگǣûж󹦵ĻᡣǰýɻؾͣҲΪ˰߹صĽʿΪˣǿء
ˣ̲סתͷīԭĵ׵ЩίͿһӿϣ
ҡ
ɵڷ̷ֻۣӽǧεĿһ¡
˶Լô
ļϰ䣬Ƿ˴˿ˣôûбԣ
ô
ֻԼǿˡ
īؿܰеĴһ㣬ýǸһֱڱϲϡ
û
δ˵꣬ī㿪˿ڣҶ㲻ãô
ס죬СһǿҧҧԼĴûµġ
˵û£ɽɻԭļ䣬ЩԼһƿԼϲ
һ죬Ժӽһǧ¡ֻ꣬ϵĻѩѾĽףβػŽۣӲջʧȥ֪ڵϡ
ǽϹܼңʼնû
ڽǸܲĵģҲԭӣĬԣŰ塣
˴̣ԭʲôˡ
Լʱ򣬸īָԼ㶣Ÿī˫ʲôײԼġ
ʲôĵ£˵
ɵЩֻǻĴ¶˲˷ħһ
̫̫ˡ
֪ʱúýֻ룬ִٵлл㣬ī
ī˻ָ΢΢£ҪѸղŵĴյ
С㣬ԳԷˡ
ʱ⻽һ˲ȥԷϯ䣬˶û˵ɽɵȴһֱȣֹס⡣
극󣬸ī˽һЩ㣬ЩԴż죬ԡ
īҪȥǶô
ţձҪȥˡ
ˣЩʧ䣬ֻܡŶһһԲǵĺһ
С㣬á
Ļøī˼ַ꣬һңоޱŮǸôٽģҲ뿪ˣˡ
һ˲䣬ӿտգ˵˸ǵĻ㼱ٵ뿪լӣʧһ㡣
꿴Ž뿪ķ򣬲ЩС㣬ǽߵġ
ī££ԼָɫڱһȻ
С㣬ȥ밲
ī̧̧֣ס꣺˭˵Ҫˣ
ǡ
ԷǻӣãīȻ
ǵģ˵īҪģ뵽ղʧǵıӰѰ
ѾǵһΪԭļƻˡ
ϴмɷ㶵վԶԼ밲мͷ
һΡ
˵屧͡
īվֱߵľƱһȥȸԼ˼֣ûҪı˼
ǵģС㡣
꼱ת뿪Ҷ
ôؼīŭˡ㸵īŭʱ̫ԣãȻ֪ŭʱʲôģ
ʱð˵롣


21 
ҲǵԼôصӪģ ֻ·ϣһֱ룬Ů鲻Ǻô ԼΪʲôܡ
ͺ֪ ֲ㱻Ƶѿ
ΪʲôֵĪԼԸīģ
ͼǶɫİɣ
ɣɫͷ ҶûʲôǷ֮ðɣ
ɱͼôһ нһͻȻͨˣҲɢˡԼԸīûʲôǷ֮룬 ֻǸղǸ̫ˣ е㲻Ӧ
ͼðɣ Ǹ㲻ࡣ
Ҳ㲻Լ Ϳϵͳôܶһ뵽ڿܸīںȲ賩̸ һ꣬ ʲôˡ

ʱˣŽɱȭҪıѾźˣ ʱǲ
ţжʱһЩǲ֪ԷʵҪ֪ЩʵС
Ȼɢ Щ书ĽΪܺ󣬻ܳΪһģԭͳԹĿǰ űȥ˷ˣͷʵף Լ˲ˣȥıҲ˲ء
ˣ ɲٵģԷֻʮˣôʮ˹ȥȷ˷һ˳ɡ
ţһᰲźõġ
ȻҲ֪̫ƽҲǲǵģҪ
˵꣬򿪴İ򿪺һɫɫ֮ϻ֡¡
𣿡
ɽӹȷһýԿܸоĽǼҰһ㡣
£ͦʺġ
޺£ʲô˶˹ǳǰͷΪʿʣϵĵ̱µġ
µ֤
⻨˶Ǯ
ǽɺλһģǰǮ˷ŸһͬȥīլԶʳˡ
ʮӡ
ʮ
ٿվЩţѽȻʮô࣡
ԣʮӣ˺þãʦͬʮġ
һҲ͸˷ʮȫˡ
۰ʮ˺ܾõģԼ᲻û벻һ¾ȫûˡܹͭԵһ棬һӵһٸͭ壬ʮӱ㹻ٶˡ
⡭ˣһһΣĿġ
޺ĳѾȱڣˣ»δ͢װʱ䣬ǱԼһ
δ롭
סԼģţҵĺʹ
ţմһ͸޺衣
á
һڲʲôʹʱ컹Ҫȥ˷ˣô
ոյʱɱʿȺÿյıؾ֮·һСأﲽеĻ쵽Ƕǡ
ʱб㴫OO@@ϢȥȷȺӦǺ˾ƣǣﻹǶǵĺǮ˵´λҪٽ̳
һƣȺ漴ʿǰΧֻǻһ˲վ˽Ų׷׳׼ӭС
ΪҪװҩ̳
˻һȺʲô˵㳯ʿɱҲָʾʿɱ˻ȥЩ书ףͨʿǵĶ֣ڽ׼ڰֶ֡
ݡ

һ˱Уҽһһӹֱһ̡
ͬңţʿΧɱȥɽɻǵ͹Ⱥ˵ʵʮ˸ָ֣Ӳ硣ɲľý书Ⱥָ֡
ֻɽɽĪ⣬ЩҲûӦͻȻУʱ޴롣ɽ˾񽣷;ɽֱȡţԷʼδձնɱڽ£ֻʣһ˱ɴˡ
ץȥ
˵һһ˦Ѫ˦ȥսʡĶ±ʿһμɳ֣Ȼܵʲôһʮš
ȻڲٴУλŮһаٵĴڣҲЩڴλŮʵ׵ˡ
ɲʶȺҲ֪ǲ͸ӵҩݣֻҪʳ»ЩѶȡ
עһЩˡ
ս꣬ҲԸս඼ӲҲʶ˺ܶ࿽սķ
ɴ඼δʳʲô
ڸһûͽ֮󣬲ŻؾӪиƢǵзʿս˰æʬʰսɽ˷˵Ļһǲʬġ
뷨ǣսȻԷǵˣΪ׳ˣǿɾġȻЩͽȴΣԼˣƻհ˽ɲмΪʬ
ˡ
ɴ뿪Ҫϻȥ޺ףաھףûкõľˮкһһЩƻȣɲ
صӪҳԳԺȺȣ޺յС¡ֵĳҲѵõ¶Цݡ
ɺһƣմ֣ĨԼʱȴԼĻ岻ˡ
Ҫ꣬ѵղŽ˷ɽˣ
ȥҵ㶫ȥȥͻء
ɷ룬ǻԼӪһûҵ壬·˹ȥҹɫ֮£һľ֦ڰ˸ߵĲݴԲϲŹ˵ѰĻ塣
Īڸղɱ˵ĵط
Ҫҹȥǰȴл⣬߹ȥɿʲô֮϶㵽ȫǱܷӦ
һȺˣȷ˵ˣһֻһˣǱǱݵĸ֮
һˡ
īô
ҿӣīƺ򵥣װӦǻ
Զ˵ʲôǿӣ֮ƺЩ¸ī
֮վڷͽʬԣ˿Χʬ壬Щµʵʲôҵİ׮µ֣
֮Χʬ壬亹ðܾǰĸīʶĸī
ǸˣǸŮôܻ£
µ֡
ī΢΢ЦЦȷҲľ֡
գЦ֮޴ֻǷŵ֪ɵľҪЩҩݣȻİ׮ˣĺô
֮Ŵ˼ӣ㣬ܣôܣôġ
ıô
īЦ̤ǰһҪѸ֮һ㣺Ҳ練֮¡
ʲôҪʲôҿԸ㡣
֮˸īеɱ⣬ҲԼˣȻǻɱĵģ
ʲôԸң
īЦ˼֣һԼһְѶԷϵĲ̡
īԸ̸У֮ЦԣʲôԸ㣡
ţϵһҪġ
ʲô
֮ץסһһøīڴ˿̿ʲôԴӦֻҪ뿪ͿԷҧīһڣֻҪ뿪

֮һͣٵЦݽߡ
Ϊ㿴ҵĿ󣬻лĿô
ī˵ĻѸ֮Χסɫĳֱָ֮·Ľ֡
ⶾ㲻ú
֮ƿڴǰν
ǰģô
ī˵󣬵Ц˼鿴ʮֲûΪ֮Ӱ졣
īûбӰ죬ԶĽȴľսûӲ
ǲִˣ


22 
ŹģԲᣡ
֮˻ģ һ˿ϣǾǸܹ
Ȼ Χƽ˾ û˳֡
ô
īԴ˲ÿɷ񣬱Щĳ븵֮壬 ҽ쳹Ƭɽ֡
סԼ죬 ޷Լġˣи֮Ǳɱ ÷ǳһ û뵽Ȼǡ
īɱԼĸ磡
֮۵ù ˿Χʬ壬 ϸ ŴЦУ һ˲ڣһˣ һҵģ
϶ѵذһ仰˵󣬸īȴûˡ
īŸ֣֮Щ꣬ ҵģڶ㡣
ܿ졭㲻µġ
ī˵꣬һ֧ɳ ̸ֱ֮üģδӦ֮ʣ ѾϢ
ҿ
סͣԷԼĺµתҪߣ ˭֪ȵ֦һЩ˵ע⡣
ͼҿܣ
ͼҲ֪ԼʲôǿɵĽָôߣҲŽˡ
ɶ˵ͷҲص׷粽ӡ
ī򰵴üͷܿ찵С㣬ǽҵŮ

ھͰɱ

īֹ˰Ҫ
ǣ֪ǡ
ǰδ˵꣬ī˰ӣ˵ˣ׼
Ȼô˾ٲףɸīĻҲӣֻĬĬˡ
īתͷŵĿĸ֮Цһ̤ǰѸ֮ڸҵϵƲѡһԲεƣš֣һš֣çʸࡣ
漴ȡһƬ븵֮ƬơīƬŵ֮ģת뿪
һ·ϣû˵ֱصɽׯīԼ޷ʱԼȹմȾѪ꣬һ·
ǣС㡣
ܿһ·īȻվԭأ޷ſڣһû
С㣬·ˡ
īգŰϵȫ£ݾܾˡ
īµ·ȴһ۲ҿīܾøī˿̫Σա
ѹȸд˴
꼱뿪īȥ޷ҵԡϴ˸裬Űϡ
ʱѾһԺţīԡһϴȥһ֮ŸҿʵС㣬ɻ׽һˣͲ˵ԼǸ֮ˣɱ֪ô
Ὺڵġ
īˮȻˮˣɰȡ
Ը֮Ĺǹ֮ôɾдȥʦҲṩ֮ġ
С㣬֪¡Ĳṩô
겻ŽɣҲΪʲôīɱ˵һΣ
ձȥ
īѲˮ꣬ȴʼճ岻üĳ
**
һ·񱼻ؾӪɫ죬ϸȥҲˡ
ɽԼӪʺʺͼȷûд飿
ЩˣԭУī㣬ǶıһŮɿ˵ûиī޷ϻλ
񣬸īȴɱԼĸ縵֮Ǿĳ̶ȾԲڷɡ
ͼûаȷǡָ¡
ɼԼ˱裬ڴں£˳˿󣺡Ůѵˣ
ͼҼҲû
ûû
Ҳ˵Ůԭģ
סԼ࣬ιȥϢ̫𺳣˲ˡ
û뵽зֺܶؾ飬ڷҲ˵
ɣȵȣڻεʱǷңһ᲻ᱻŮڣ
ǲܶŮֵģΪҪŮȥıԼĸ׵ˡ
īҪɱԼԼѶ
ͼֻһϵͳҲ֪
ⳬ˺ͼϵͳ㷶Χʵû취߽ɻ᲻ֿԡֻ˼ά˵пܵġ
ʱ򣬷ˣʵżϯֻæǷʲô𣿡
ûû¡
ɵȻû취߷ղſ£ѵҳȥɢɢҹЩ£Ҿͻˡ

һսɳŮҹӣ
ЩˣҲе㵨Сˡ
·ţֽһ䡣״ƽŵЩˣͲȥȾˡ
á
ɰŰɣɼɺûʲôˣȥˡ
ɼ뿪󣬼װƽֻңͼһˣȴû׷˵ʲô˼
ͼøīɱ𣿡
ǰīĻɱԼô
ԼܣīʲôƻĻԼĸ󻼣ȻҪġ
ԼϣͷҵĻЦƽ
ɣֻܱˮˣīûɱô̸еĿܡ
侲ī˼ԼĿԡ
ͼô̸У
ɣ룬Ӧûҵġ
**
һ϶˯òȣΪʶīʵĿǱ濴ǰ޺ΪԼԸīǷ˼
ɲԼԸīкøеģֻڿī̵һ֮˼ͱøӸˡ
øī۸ݾķ֮Щ־ðĲ٣Ī
ڵĸī
ֻۼ֤īɱһĻԺɻɢȥ
ֲںĿ֮µĲ̣úµġΪֲ֪̣ʲôʱữдԼ
Ӫڿ飬ȴͨҳŮ
һӪ˵ǽֹģǷ֪īͽɵĽǳǰͨˡ
ţɡ
һ㶼ȣʵ֪
š
ٶ˵Ѹī˽Ӫ⣬
˵īͽн飬ɾصǲ߶ģȻҪꡣ
īÿӽȥӪʺͷ۵Сۡ
㿴Ҹ
ֻǰվšЩصΪβӦң
ְڣ¡
ϻīľŮƢǳˡ
Ӫڣī룬ɲɵЩţǿŸīЦ⣬ָѸС
£ǻþɣ
ͼҿ֤ǣ
īЦ⿴˽һۣȻóһ黢ƣСΰưɣ
ҿ
ɱס飬ʶԼȫ˻¡īѻͻأô͸֤˸ī֪͵˱Լ
ǣҵġ
ɴսۣƽոӢˬīĪѹȸС
ʧġ
֣īԹ԰ѻƷŵСҪջʱīȴס˽ɵ֣΢¶ȴøīԭء
īô𣿡
īЦᣬȫͬˡɺȻЩ㱣Щֲ壬ĸĸī
СΏ˺ô


23 
СΏ˺ô
īסɵ֣ أɽɾû취ס 䡣
ᡣ
˵Ļ ΪȻ˺īΪ Ҳû취ֵģ ֻ븵֮֮ĶԹ
ȻɶԸīһ־µģ һδ֪ľ¡
磬 ΪԼ֪ݣ ܹһЩȨڿ ̫̫δ࣬ ֪ĲǱɽһǡ
Ƕδ֪Ŀ־壬 Ǹīĳʵ̫ˡ
īǰһ ˽ɵ֣㿴ңҲ˺ô
īڼ֪֮̽һӵг֮ĵˣ ÿһ仰ÿһЦݶ̫Լе䡣ɼе壬 Լ߱ɱֳһĻѵĿԷŹԼô
ᡣ
 һ¡ܹøīɱģ֮Ȼ˲ˡ֮£ ʼŸīġֻǣýɱȽǣīߵЩ书ףΪ֮ǰûлߣ
ԼǲǱƭˣ
Щ֮ǰΪûл㣿
īΪɻΪҪɱ˸֮Ϊλ־ȴΪʲô֮ǰԼûб
ī֤ӭŽȵ񣬵һЩ书ǲδҳС
գûǺġī˼ϸ壬ӦòУĻһж˵ͨˡ
ֻͻȻԼˣԭīҪȵġ
ɵī˽ɵ˼˵û㣬鷳
㣬ǲƽ
ī˵仰ýɳȥĻָ¶ȡ
ֻǽȴ֣֮佻ʵΪеľȴǵ˵ף
˵ףܾ
ī˺ô
ǲ˺īģɽȴԼûڻҵŮϡ
ͼ϶ǴԽش¹ʡ
ɣĴھش¹ˡ
ͼȻǡûë
ɣ֪ͦ
ȸīشˣæ̽ӻر˵Źд͵ľѵ͵
գҲ˲ϸīĴʲôѷ˽λسڣȻϻ
ǣ
أԼȥá
īŽǷǷ漴תͷߡ
˼Ǿòף÷һǰգ
īգپܾҲΪİӦ
͸ī뿪󣬽ս״̬ʼӦмƻ
ţԯ̫ս¶ȻͣЪһӣû뵽ô;
úһк̽ٴǽ
˴ģľµͻṥ
ɸоһѹѹϣҲӭսΪ̫ˡ
벼塣
֪ǿյĴϲ嶨ȻܣҲΪԯľӻڴϣƺƵϮ
ԯ͵ϮܶΣɶʶƣȴû·ù壬Ϊͨջ塣
һΣҪѡһӼ򵥵ķٷ򣬲ƽս롣
Ҫʲô壿
ֽɵսˣ֪һԼļƻ
󡣡
ҲǽڱϿģһֺʺּ䲼õ壬ܺЧöԷң̶ܡ
Բù󣬲±㽻ң
˵ǶԣԱ뽪ɵľӺûкȹƣŬ壬һӧ
˵˵ļƻ
ɵȻҲûôֱӰ½ԣҪԵļƻžҪҪ񽻸
ϣҶڱΣԷܻ֮
˵ֽһ֧ܹΣҪ˸һ֧ٶٴη
ÿη꣬Էܻ֮ȴһι
˵ЩϴΣұ壬һһһկӵķͽ
ţǴ¾ͽ㣬Ҫ졣
ǣ
ϳȥ׼޺ʱҪʲô׼
Ҫӵһֵطµøϣ֪˵սʽЭ
ǣ
ϰ׼Ҫ·õо޻ء
**
گٶȴ˷غŽǣگǰһƬֻ֮С˵֮گްܼûгʤȥһƣƽᱻ̤
ⳡս۳һ£ǰ͵Ϯԯɱ˸ƬײԿ뽪ɵľӴδССսۣܶӡ
Ȼʤˣɽһ㶼ˣΪΪΪһʹǴʤ̣ǽս
ⳡսûнŹزƣԯⳡսûнһ졣
ԯ˱󣬴ҶףʤȴۼػصԼӪСѪۣĻŵ˸ɺԵѪֱϵĽ˺͵˶Ѿʹľˡ
ģǰĽһҪҸʱϴһ£Ȼڵֻ뾲Ϣ
ᵽʲôľƣڴ˿ɿϮлطŵĶսĻ档
ѪĻ档

˽ձ˯ȥĽ˹ʵ£
š
ԺϽ뱸ս״̬ģȻЩۡ˭ƣǽɣѾüûˡ
ֻε
š
ڷԼʱ򣬽ɵһӦΪеϮһ̲ʶսѾˡ
ǳսʿһˣΪһǧһʮˣ˵ڼ㣬ʱûΣĽʿ
á
ԼĶͷҪдϽ͢ó͢Ѹкܶࡣ
ͼ񡭡
ɣô𣿡
սսͼϢʱ䶼ûС
ͼѽû취ͷģǴӴ̿о¸īһֵ󡣡
ֱֱɱ
ͼǰɣô˵ˡ
ɽüͷŸīİοδӪһֱδߡ
𣿡
ϻعΪҪ档
ûУֻǼƺƣʽҪҪϢ죬ǾͿˡ
ܾΪÿ˶ۣ뵽ֵãϽ͢ıһдἰʱϡ
š
ɽԼ飬ҲЩһսۣΪ˼˺ܶµЧҲȷﵽˣȴö춼δۡ
ǽ壬дԶ빥ôԶֹĿ
һΣԯϲĲӶϵ˹˵̫ӵ˼Ҫһ
ϧ޷ˡ
ԯܣ˲أǧˣԪˣڶڻָʿͱ
һΣگǵʿܴˡ

ýɺúϢȻ˯ˣۻˡ
ɴֱϵˣڿǲˣһɣš
ۼ˯ˣȴ˯ȣսĻһֱ
һŮӳǰ˲ʵĻ档
ī


24 
գ ɳûȥӱϴ˸衣д÷˿ӱ͵ȥ
Щ֮󣬽ɱԼ˼٣ ȥǶ
ȥǶˣ
ɵӪʣ ɲڣֻзͷ
ԡ
һȥǸҹ
ͷ ׼ȥʱ ȴסվס

ǸҳŮܺã
ҺͽҲͲʲôܣݶ֪Һ޲öԷǳڻǳ⣬ Ҷѷᣬ ɺ͸īн顣
ǰ
˵ üͷȻЩף ɽɶȻԼķִ硣
֪ʲô
üͷģ ŵɽ˵ 븵ҹﲢ޶Թ
գüޱƽ˲١ô˵Ҳ ˵īʮ㱻͵ǶڸԴǰδңگ༫뽪
˵ȷǸеˡ
 ҽȥмһ¡
ɫ¶Ȼʲô¡
˵֮ˣ Ǳɱ
ŵʬѾ˻ݣ Դ˺ö˵گǺǶǵ顣
֮ô
ף ֮ȻûгӸ֮ǰͣȴǸ۰ãپƷͻȻݣ
֪û֪ʲô˵ܳеģ˭Ҳ֪
˵󣬷˰֣ˣ޹ء
մһսҶһƣУʵڷֲЩ¡
Ҳǡ
**
ȥǶǵ·ϣڸ֮飬ܶഩűղݵ顣
ýǸϣīɱ˸֮ʱΪθ֮ĻڣĪǶˣ֮ΪҪݣĪǴɱīһйأ
ɣ˵ͼǲǿֵˣԿ˿ֵ
ȻڽѾһǧٵֵˣǴӴ̿аѸīȻ£ô˵Ҳֹһٵֵɣ
ͼѣͷðɣ
ǳ鴤˼£ϵͳôಫͷģ
̿һٶضԸī֣Ϊʲô
֮ǰɱпǸ֮Ϊ񸵼֮˭ίд̿ɱīģ
ǶǺȴûȥѰīֻ̫࣬Ŀ̫࣬Լ븵ī棬īǻˡ
ɿŽȥȥղȻ뵽˸֮ɱĵص㣬պ˷˵ĵص㡣
񸵼ֱ֮˵Ǳɱɺô
ڽֱ̳棬һղ˹ʵˣǶʲô
û˵ֻ΢΢˲¶ʵĻơһŵϹµСˡ
ʿս꣬ǰ¶ԯɱս½ұǶ͸͸
ɵϵ飬¸ŵղͷ̧˵ǸˣɽɵĹλüףҪԼôĿ¶֪
㻹ʲôҪʵô
ûûˣ
ղ뿪̾˿档ƣǲŸ֮֮ˡ
£᲻ỳɵīϣ
ȻԭУڴ֮ûΪѸī˵īӦᱻɵġ
ǳӸ֮Ϊ̵ܽܵܲɵܵԽһ¡
ص̫ˡ
Уǵȥɽׯһˡ
ȥɽׯǼ˲࣬׷粽ܿȺǽ롣ͥԺɾ֣Լ㷭ǽ룬Ȼûл
ιôӴŽ
ýһ۴Ӵ߳꣬˵Ǹͷֻ̫࣬ó²ߡ
㡭
껹δ˵꣬ڴī⣺꣬񡣡
ŬŬ죬˽һۣﰵġ
ʱ򣬸īӴ߳˽ʱҲ˼ɣСôˣ
ȳŸīҾŵ˺ܶˣ´Žǵע⣬ŷǽ롣
īȻ׵ģ˵ּ˵ԭܲܽȥ˵
ܲһֱԺ˵ɣ
ī˽ȥȥһȾƣһٶ˽
ˣҲ֪Ϊʲô
š
ī˵֮£ɵüͷ
ǲ鵽ϰɣ
˵󣬸īüͷ޶չ
ûʲôҿ԰æģ
ɲŮ£Ҫīȫġ
Сǵң
īһ˿ǣڽǵǵжɢˡ
ʲôȻǽɻ᲻ԼȻ׿˵ɸīųŵ
ģҲ֪͸֮֮ʲô𣬿Ҳ¡
ԭһ︵īΪԭǷǺڰ׶ǷǳģûлɫشȻڵĽɣ޷ѸīΪҲãΪ˶ԸīҲա
ģµġ
ī仰ýɰ˲٣ֻЦŵǾͺá
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СΪ㵣ң
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Ϊϵĸ׵ˣҲ£
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ɣ
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īŽɣ˫峺ǵûһ˿ʣôĸɾܿԼĵӰ
ôһ˲īһɵӡ
ڴʱѾƶ˽䣬ɺ˼󣬲ŵ֪ûұ㰲ˣȸˡ
š
īĿͽɷǽ뿪󣬲ʵΪζĵ⣿
Լʮ£زס£һ˵ϲдϡ
С㣬ΪβɱܾѰ
걾ͦ˳ۣʼղνɣأɱ˽ɻġ
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īЦһһȾƣ಻ɱһдá
ī˵˷е峺ǣĶʱĴʹС
ˡ
ϴԼǳˡ
ĪҪ£ʲộҲ֮ꡣ
ī¾Ʊת뿪ίͰ͵ظں棬СҴˣС㡫
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īɸվһս֪飬æŵԼ
ˣǸɵӰɣ
ꡣ

˵ôôһŮ
Ҳ벻ף˵ǲΪǽŮԲǰݰ
仰˸īһ¡
ǰɲǽ
ƣⲻȫᶼ֪ôΪСȴһȻӣ
꣬Ҫһ¡


25 
ǰŸߣ ˺žͽɽׯ
ȻЩҽߵÿ죬ײϣī鷳
귢ָīһѵûɳԷ Ī뵽㣿
үûҹ㣿
ûС
īøɴ࣬ ͷ˿ڲ裬Դȱȱ
ղҲය ܿ뿪ɽׯƣ Щô׷Źī
Ϊٻһ¡
С㣬Ǿôˣ
ţ Ϊ֪֮Ϊʲô Ҳѭˡ
Ϊʲô
֮ǰִֻиī ɻ𸵼֮˵صԭ
͸֮ÿһʱ䶼 Ŀ̽ݵʵ
֪֪˰սʤ ԵȻɽطչͬ ˲ٰ׮ݺͱݼŸһɵһһ
ÿ£ҡ
ī˿ڲ裬 պ죬һ뽪ɺȵĲ衣
Ҳ֪£飬Ҳǲһʵ
ʲôʵ
īЦ ֻɨһۣЦɵѾͷ֪̫ɲá
ðɡ
ŬŬ죬 ίؿŸīﰵС ˵һͲ˵ˡ
ǽԻʲô
ظ֮ա

겻ף븵֮ιأ Īǹ鲻
ֻҪظ֮գô˵ŻɵӣѾˡ
ī˵һж֮Сʱ˽ɣʵŵСϵҩζ
УȻŵˡ
īüͷ
ɵӡ
**
գڽɴ׼ȥǶǵʱ򣬷ȴһϢ
ҹ㵽ɽׯһۡ
㶣ȥǶתתƣܲҵɱֵټû뵽īȻԼ
á
˳˳ԼӣҪ뿪Ӫʵʱ򣬷̲סʵҳŮʼǸˣǱ˿ǲס
ôˣǸԻǽֻҪ֪£ǽɺ͸īù
֪ģֻ̡
ͼȥԶʳɣ
ɣޣȥ
ͼȥԶʳ
ɣðɣԡ
˲ϵͳ
ǽСġ
ţһģӪˡ
ġ
뿪˾ӪͣȥǶǡյղ˺öֻ࣬Ǽ˻ڳ߶ѾҪʼˡ
һΣɲҴ⣬Ƿǽ룬ĿһУȴûϴһŵ⣺СѾڴȺˡ
һòǷǷɿʱ껹̲ס˶ӣϵζ
Ȼеҩζ
лл
겢ûиŽɽȥȺǲ
յĸīһϮɫĳȹɫĳۣӭ¶һĨ紺˵΢Ц
֤Ϊδÿ
ͼ
ͼһϻعЩŤسŸīҾ漴īңʲô𣿡
м²Сô
һʱҭɵЦεҲǡ
˵ʵڽɻЩµģΪ֪ī᲻Լ֡Ǹ֮Ǵ˳ȥīȻҲᣬԸīҪɱԼҲпԭġ
ڶģĸī˺Լÿμīı
ͼճŮ¹
ɣɣ˭֪һײ£
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ǲˣ
ǳҴʵʵģīһ˵ŵҩζǽ϶Ȼˡ
еСˣ
ÿսܵˡսͬʿǴűģһѷ䳯ԼɱٹṦҲѱܿԷй
ĵкŹӲ书սȫˡ
ЩϺõĸҩҸҩ̵ġ
⡭
û뵽ī˵ҪԼҩ⵹ЩˣããƤģ˲¡
㲻ϧԼ塣
īԼӰóһԲεĴƿȻ緹ʱ磬ҿȸҩ
⡭
ͼʱһ֧Ļ𣿡
ɣвԤС
ͼԣֱûд
ɣ
ͼ֧øīҩ̽һЩͯ꣬ʮֵ
ɣ
ðɡ
ɴӦī˼ɫ漴䣬ǽá
á
ʵڹ壬ر䣬ɸīĺ⣬ҲͲܾˡ
ãīһߴ򿪴ƿĸӣһʵ
һ¯ĽǶŻ¯ӣȴůͶˡ
ϡ
ʵɱϻˣҪҩĻð·ֻЩ׵ġ
īӦһȻ»󣬰ȥ㿴˸ϲõ˰ϣֶһ˰̡
۵Ļҡ
á
۵Ȼ۵ģ˵ĴˣɷԼѾЩϰʹˡīĶᣬҩо䵽Ƥʱɲ˸

Уе㡣
ɱЩӦī̧ͷһۣһ۵ķ飬ýɵ©˰ģƤûȥ
ǸīץסԼ󣬶ȻܲԼҵ
ڴʱīȻס˽ɵýɱøӽˡ
ÿ졣
īɿŽɣ۽΢΢𣬴˿˿ΣȾһɫʣýɲֱӡ
ңǣеš
Ϊνţ
īǾҵһ´ԼͺȵԼһ㡣
ʵظܵ˽ˣһƬ̤ʵ
֪
ɲǲ֪Լô£ǲ֪ôشҪ˵ԼΪ࿴˸īһԲٵģ˾ǸСɫ
ͼǰ
ɣҲǣ
ͼϲﲻǺΪʲôϣ
ɣϲϲûʲôǷ֮밡
ͼû˵зǷ֮밡
һһϵͳԺж죬īѽ񣺡㺦ô

һʱ֮䲻֪ôشīµȻǺµģԼȴΪ¡
ûУֻЩϰ߰ˡ
īգЦһͷĨҩŸīͷģٶǾϸһ㣬ĺܺĸ׼յĹ¡
īСʱǶôģ
īĶ˶٣ƺоī˲Ҳ˲񣬱ϵֻʣīԲ˵ġ
īû˵ܰɺΡ
ʮϢʱ䣬īſڣСʱǶһˡ
˵꣬īְѽһڸҾһࡣ
Ÿīƽֱȴ̲סһ
ǿģ֪СʱһЩǻʲô飬ƽ˵ʹģ
ҪǶǵġ
īĨϸҩָ䵽ɵƤϣһ顣
Ϊ˱


26 
Ϊ˱
ī˵꣬ ְѽɵһЩᣬ»Ū˿ڡ
ǶǺ ӹ
֪īеġ˭ ޷һɱ֪īԸжԹˡ
Ƕ̻  ҾͶһЩС⣬û㲻 ҲŲʣ ˵Ҳǽѡ
īŽϵİ̺ۣ һ˿ۣ ֵҩ̣ һһЩ
á
ɰԼӷȥ īȴʱ˹ɾԼֹͣˡ
īζ ̴ܵľζ
ϻҩζˣ
īǴչԼϵҩζ
ͼҪûϴ裬Ƹīιȥˡ
ɣζķԡ
ӪŮ ϴõĺӹ涨бŮʹõʱ䣬ǽڽһŮھƶĹءã ŮȻҲ޷ϴ裬ûսʱ ɻ᳣ȥϴ裬Ǻעġ
û£ ֮Լҩͺá
īˣҲǿֵ緹Ӧÿ׼ˣǡ
δ˵꣬ɱҪæҡ
ղŸī˵Լͯʱı飬Ƶģȴǰȡ
˵ҲҲҡ
ܾԼܻδԸī̸ﻰĽ飬뵽īô¶سһУۡ
īŽɣЩִ٣ȴ˵ٻڹԼ
á
īӦ£˵ʲôͽɰس˶緹
ͼ֧ɣֵʮһǧʮֵ
ɣ֧ոɣ
ͼҵҡ
ô
ûС
īԼڷϵлл
Ǿ£С´ղסɡ
Ҫܾձɱī׼ȷ˵ʱ죬˵׼Щ̿ͻҹǰ
ͼҲ֪̿д̵ʱ䣬ҲǸϡ
á
ɶ˶٣ǽձ߶ˡ
˿
󣬸ī˴Žȥͷ˹С㣬ΪһЩˡ
̽һΡ
īضĻ뿴ǲĵġ
ΪҺá
**
ҹڿͷϢĽЩ㱣ڴ˼
īԼֻԼǲˣȻԼҩ⣿
ͼûпΪ˼һ棿
ɣһʲô
ͺˣͼ϶֪𰸣Լ֮ǰҲԹмȥżΪ˼īһ档
ѵԼ
ͼѵʲô
ɣһϵͳôʲô
ͼϵͳӣ
ɣͣ
һϵͳѧӣɺͳ
ͼˡ
ͼҲװˣ˽һ󣬱װȥˡ
ߵߵī𣺡СΰҿԽô
Կԡ
ڴϵĽϹȥţʱĸīѾһɫ紵Ʈݵȹڡ
䡣
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ֻ졣
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һֱûҲǵ̯˵ʱˡ
ΪβңΪҪɱ˸֮
ī˵󣬽ɵĿһ£̾һҪġ
Һ棬㲻˵ұ㲻ˡ
Ҳǽɵﻰī븵ҵľ̫ɱ֮Ȼʲôڵģʵã
㣬ұԸ˵ġ
ī΢΢üų̬ȫһͬˡ
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ī˵ͣϢڵ飺ֹϵģĸŮٰĥ
ɵһլĶǣҳ̶ȲڹܹһʮĺҪңɼʱ뼧ڸҹжѡ
īһ˿⣬ŵûаҵˡ

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һĸīֱû£ѾǸˡ
īסɵ֣ܵ˵ĽӲսҵּ룺Һܲô
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īգЦЦСᡣ
Ҳǰο㣬ҵĻ
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īѽ˫£УŽɵ۾˵ǰУǰγ
īƿĿ⣬Ϊա
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ǡҪĽô
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ȥղ˵ҲǼٻ̫ƽɲɱˣôīɡ
أ㲻תͷȥ״ô
īһЦ˳ҡҡͷ˵˺ҵģ㡣
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󣬱뿪ߡ
ɰѸīϣīһСġ
īһǣȽɻӦк˴˽ɱӣ
ˣǸ֣öԸ
ɻͷһ۸īҶȫ
ɿƣ˺ͼ˵ͷ⣬ʱŭˣ
ȥͷ⣡
ųڸīǰϻսĥ¶ɷһޡ
ûɱ˸ī
һ˵һͬʱɣһ£һ˶˻ȥʱҲˣֻϵ̿ͣÿһֱȡҪ
ʹɽ̤׷粽ڴ֮̿ߣô̿мܲס
īڴϣ侲ؿһУÿÿд̿Ϯɶܼʱ¡
಩ĻڸīУ˽ɵġ
书ףİ£˳նĸ̿ͣʣһǱӡ
ӣ
Ҫ׷ȥȴīֹˣֻί£ûҪϾɱ
´ѥӲѪȴ⣺ûˣ
С㣬û£
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Ҳû¡
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ī˶٣ŵúϢģЩ̿͡
û¡
ɶ˶٣Цŵû¾ͺá
ͼһֵ
ɣ֮ˣ
ͼ
ͷδɨʱСῲԸͬ˯
ɣ


27 
ɲ֪Լôĸīķ䣬 ǸīһŻعġ
Сΰ
ô
ɾԼֵʮƽ ɿŴ ԼЩǷǣܾЩӦóֵͷĪسԺ
ͼ㻹˵ԼûзǷ֮룿
ɣң ûУ
ͼ˵⻰ ϵͳţ
Ҳ֪Լôˣ뵽Լܻ븵ī˯һŴϣ ǻڷȣ ԴҲڷȡ
Ҫ˯ڲ໹ࣿ
ī⿪۵ϵ ҵϡȻ䣬 ɸīķ仹ůͣ ʣҲʲô⡣
˯ɡ
ɾԼ˯Ļ һãøī˯
á
īһЦ ⿪׼ȹ¡ɵЩ֪룬ھҲûмŮӵ㡣壬һͬӱϴʱ򣬸ˡ
ǽɵһξò֪롣
Ůӣ Լڽʲô
Сΰ

ʶسŸīȥѾȹֻʣһİɫ¡ʱ īӱ¶Ըеǣ ýתͷȥٿ
īǷĶ䣬 ۵׵Ĺâˣ˹ȥʵ㲻·ô
ѵģѵġ
ɾԼ°Լľװ£Ȼɫ˯ɡ
š
Ϩīɵߣɽֱɵ࣬㾲
˯ţղǳɱ̲סʵ㻹ô
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ܺµģھͲˡ
īֲۣԾɵβָ˲䣬С̽¶һ㡣
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ҪΣīҪһ˴ҪԼ
˭Ҫɱ㣬Ӷģʵ̫ˡ
˵书ɸղ̿͵书ףδһ塣ôԭīζȹѹصģ
Īɰô
ˣΪڳ֮⣬ûκˣ
֪ô
īӣһ˫鶯˵ĲɵĳӢۺһɫʱϣЦʱص̫ϲ
Ǳ۾ܸоīڿЩڣջۣתͷȥ롣
Ŀཻ֮ʱһ𣬽ɵЩ죬ȴƲ
Ÿīͺһ̣ؼֻʣôһ̵İ
ûйҺޣûսɱûйĶǣֻҹǡôĳ
īЩݣʲô£ǲ߽ɵġɱøī˵ˣɺʹ޷ڡ
밲лԼ
ī밲֮£ȻûѸ£ھǲʲôܡȻīΪӦǲ֪µġ
š
Ӧһֻ֪Լĺҭסһܡ֪ī밲ףҲ֪ǻమī׿˵Щ
࣬
ҵãʫС㰮ĽЩġ
֤īŵֻҪˣôܴ밲ס
ͷŭգȻδ˵ʲôɽüͷѾǵøҴŮ¶Ĵ࣬˵ǸŮǾǺܶӵˡ
ȻλҴŮĽȴʮҡôдģʫİ֮˳ȴԾܾˣշ񲣬
ԭʫİ֮ˣǰ尲
Ȼ֪дȥ֣ϧŹҡ
ī̾һΪţ˵ࣺ־һΡ
Ŵýɻ飬ܿ˸ī
ͼڷ̣ҵ⿴ͻȻȡ
ɣ죡ʲôȣѲһҪװɢ
ͼǵã෽ܶ࣬꼴ɡ
ɣ
ɸҿ϶϶һϵͳ
û¾ͺá
ǲܸ߸īԼΪϵͳȥġīƽ£ɾðࡣ
ô
ɲΪʫŹīǲ⣬ôīȻΣ֮С
Ѹţϣ취Լƽ
ᵽɵ
ô˵ŮֺԼȥȻΪ⣬ԼϹˡ
ͼΪɶоίͰ͵ģ
ɣûаôίͰͣܡ
ͼ
ôˣ
ɷī̲סʵ
ʱᷢ飬ʱֻ¶һЩ벻ı飬ʮȤ
û£ܽͺã˯
š
ɱ۾ܸоīڿԼӶסڷȡ
īĿ
Ϊʲô˯
Щ䣬ܲܿһЩ
һ⣬תͷī˵ˮ⣬޷ܵ
СŲŲ˸īһЩȴòûп̫
īҲҪ󣬾ڽΪڿԺú˯ʱ򣬸īͻȻ˵öö꣬δͬ޹ˣлл㡣
ɵ˲һֻֽץסһЩϢ
Щܼ꣬įɣ
һתѸīӵ뻳У˯ɡ
ī˽ɺܿؿŽɵĻ۾¶һĨЦ⡣
**
գú磬Сŵ𴲣ϴһȥ֮ǰĿͷͷúܸɾѪζû¡
ʲô
ɲûгԾΪĽŲ
ʬ崦ô
ȥ˹ٸһˣǹү֪ɱõˣ˰죬ûҡ
˫ֲЩʬȫׯﵱȻɾˣС㲻ϲࡣ
Ƚ˵ֽŵҴСô
ǲǣֻʲô԰æġ
ЩƣܾԼе⣬֮ǰҲãôͻȻˣ
ûС
ʲôֻ漴緹׼ˣ㡭
µȻؾӪˣ֪īһ
á
ɵȷ£Լûи֪ɽׯޣ»ȥҪġ
վ棬ҪôʮȣҪôžӪܶʮȦ
ѡߣȿɲܹͨܵģҲܡ
**
ī뷿űƿͭͷÿһʮš
ˣ
ǰС㣬ô֪ģ
ˮӼߵīߣ˵Ҹ֪Сһء
š
īӣԼ췢֮ǰҲиͷȻ츳ŵ书ˣЩʵīԼˡ
鶼ô
ˣС㣬ΪҪŰǵİ׮Ůɱ˲ͺˣ
á
īҡҡͷЦʲôġ
尲һ븵ʫнӴôʫһʹ尲
ðǸŮ˽Ӵ
Ϊ𾪣ҲΪ⣡
갡
īΪԼϷ˵İŪǸô


28 
ɻȥȷͷһ٣ ˶ʮȦӪ˶š
ɽܳʹϾԼˣ ԼǽҲûȨ
ȦӺ һ˹´ٷ ǾͲǶʮȦˡ
ǣ ֪ˡ
ԼΪʱ򣬱´ָ ά־Ӽɣ Ͼ˳ִУ Լ Ҳļ֮¡
ɵľ кܴĹ͡
ܷϺ ɱͣȥæһ󣬽ӭһˣ һȽˡ
ʱ䣬ƺҲʱˡ
˼Ӫںһڲ裬ȴû˵ɾôֱͦš
ɣ㿴 ˾Ͱװģ
ͼ񣬲Ӧ˵һˣ ıԼڻҵˣһǧٵֵ
ɣô죿
ͼҪҪʱ䣬 ԭҲ챻ڻҵʱ˰ɣ
ɣ
ͼѣһ겻ɣ ˣĸ׵Ҳ޷ı䡣
ɣ
ɶʱñѹ
ɸͼ̸һ˼ſڣ˵ձ˶ܵĲֲӣô
ǡ
ĸ꣬˼Ȼȵö࣬Ȼ˼Ŀ˸ýɲ
ҲںͶ֮ʲôףݣıǿģǰɣ
˼Уģ·һжһĲֵġ
ֻگǣں˭ıǿ
ѧŽ˼˵˼ü۹ȻԳһ˿ŭŽɵҲ˼ɻ
˼黹סֻһεѶܵĲӻգҪ֧Ӣӡ
ԭ˼Ҫԭ֧Ӣӣ·ҪگسǾһ֪ۡڴʲộԼսܺý˼Ԯѹȫڽ˼ͷϣѹԼ
ԭûԸڵĽôԸ
ʲô̫е
˼飺
һ˵һ䣬˼֤漴찲źãȡӡ
棬ǽͬ⣬ֽ򲻿ӡ
ۿŽ˼飬֪ʲôô
޵ľӸ𹥳Եأƺ꣬˫Ѿһûбսˣ仰˵޵ľǳС
˵ıǾ
ľѵȲľô
վ֪仰˼ǲܻشģΪشǣòԼĲӣǣı档
Ҳóӵġ
ӭŽ˼鼸ɱ˵񣬳ء
нҪӣôҪһݽǩľʧ棬¾ʧأôɾҪ󽫾λñˡ
ôΨһеģǽԸӡ
ϴζ˵ˣұš
˼վŽɣˡ
˼תߣɲûоһΪи鷳µԼ
ǸǿˣԼôͱԼıý˼һŷĥݺԼ
ͼĺÿ¡
ͼΪһϵͳʾɪɪ
ɣŰɣһΣҾԲԴС
**
˼鲢û뿪ݣ˼죬ˣһĿŸɷŭ
˵жگǽһְӹܣ
ǵģΪҡ
˵̫Ȼˣ˵úɾͱж½һְ֧һ
棬ڷشɴ󽫾жϣְ
˵ʵ֪ҷʲô
Ըְɡ
ҲԸ
ɰǿͷ­ԼһͷĽ˼ӣҲԸԽְ
˼ҲգֻЦѴӦĶףܿͻ˸گʲôҲΪá
һʱˡ
ȻŽ˼Ĺ׽ʲôֻΪʲôͬǽˣ䲻ģҲսΪνƲԼĲܣ
˵ҲԸ
ɵǿӲûأҲû뽪˼
ҪЩʲôԸӦ
˼һƲɣҪý׵ķʽýɰѱȨóɶԴ֮ԱǣǴ絹Ȼشңû𺦽֮£ΪεҪѹң
˼֤һǸƺ«ĽɾȻֱӰµƣͲ˺ô
˼ǲ⣬ֻҪӼɡ

ָӪ⣬ЩʿҳҲж½ְҲҪһͬսϡ
ɣ֪ôˡ
ұͲ֪ô
仰ý˼һʱҭֻɼ֮ǰֻǣҲˡ
ܺãҼס˵Ļˡ
˼ǳˣס˴˼һٵĳ嶯
ɣˣ
ٿ£ϵԼƽ
ͼôŭ˼飬ｪͲ¸ԼѶȣ
ɣǵʱر׳Ҿһڻҵˣν
ͼ׳˵Լɣ
ŬŬ죬㱻ޡگǣػգ˶£˵ҪԼͳд
ɵļԭŬӿƲסҪȥѽ˼龾
ɾί̫ίˡ
ɣĻǣֻҪԽǾͻԽңʱҾͿóİѱ
ͼѱҪʲô
ɣʱ֪ˡ
ɲһʱżŭ˼ģʵһƻֻƻΣգҲͲֻܽˡ
ڴʱ˽ɫԣ㵣ʵ˼Ϊʲô
ȻͬǽҾگǵĽʿϲֵܣΪǶ֪Щ꽪αѹġ
ҪԽְگǵıȨ
ҲţΪҪ˶֪ļƻ
ôԣǼֱ̫
Ҳ÷ŭʵǽô죿
Ȼܣ಻گǵĽʿ˼顣
گǵĽʿֻԼ˼ӹܵĻ϶轫ʿǣԲЩ鷢
ǿ԰ʲô
¿ԴȥǲҪֵֻ̫Ҫگǵİ֪±á
ˣüͷмƻ
š
ãȥ졣
ɿŷȥӰ㷡
ȷмƻƻҪϣԼܻźá
**
¥ֺŷڣĪһλŮӵ裬ʵýóȨһ£Ҳ֪ˡ
ݱȨôǵĿʯԴ
ôҵġ
Ů˵һɿ飬Īעģƺͬһ¡
ֻܾ䡣
ʶԼʧ̬Ůϵҵ뿴ԼŮʲô̶ȡ


29 
Ȼмƻ ǽҵĲ⼸ʼվûܣ䡣
ܵԭӰ죬ɻʮίܸܵԭǿõİģ Ҳϣõͥůġ
ˣ 뵽ԭԭĽǱ̱ƹʱøˡĸɱ ԭʱж

һĽɣ ⼸쾫Щ㱣ԯʱ ǿǴ
Ǹ ʧˡ
ɶ˶٣ 񣺡Ǹղ˵
ƲԯһεĽʱ䡣
ƽ˵ ʵ ҪҪϢһ£
ĸڽߵʱã ܿ⼸Ļ겻㲡
ء
һŵ뺮 ԯĶӦò̫󣬱Ͼڶ죬ĵҲȽ϶ࡣ
ԯݹȻһֱ㣬ɰľ飬 ҲֻСС֡
š
ĸͷͬ漴˵а취Źأ
У ڡ
ɶ˶٣ڲ⣬ ֵ죬һʱ
ǽ ִ⹥Źأ»᲻ή
ǰˣǵȻᡣ
ɺףŹһֻۣʤܣǰˣôگǶĹҲᱻһĨȥ
ʱֻҪһ󣬾еĺá
ȻҲġ
˼齫
ʿͨҧڣŭ˭Ҫ
š
ɳŬƽԼ飺ȳȥ

ҿԴ
Ȼǿѹŭ𣬿濴ɺ侲˼״಻ٶԣתȥˡ
˼һ߸ϵģãҪıô
͸߹ˡ
˼ǿӲҲһǿӲɱԼŭ𣬽˼Ȼݵöࡣ
̬Ⱥܲ
˼ģü࣬ģ
ɣˣֿʼˡ
ͼ뿪ʼıݡ
Ǵ˵˵еǼô
ɼ˼ֻǹһĨЦݣûлشν̬ýɸӷŭɷŭȴý쳣ƽ
㲻˵Ҳ֪
˵ҲЦˡɼٻЦڽǰǼЦģ˼ˣЦͻȻ
Ҫһ˵˵Ȱң̫Цˡ
뵽ԭĽ֣ɱøЦˣΪɽ븵йϵ̱ƹ֮£ѽɻĥˡ˵ָӲ¾أԲлġ
һر߽Ӣۣ³ɱ
ǹȻô
˼վֱӽɣɱ⡣
ǡ
˼˵ͷһתҪߣȴ׷ȥһڽ˼ıϣ߳Ӫ֮⡣
ˣҴң
˼Ȼû뵽ɻͻȻ֣ʲôʱôǰ㶼
ܾˣ
˼ڸղžģҪַģһйͷ֮ޣ
̫ӪλҲһû뵽ɻͻȻ˼

ãҾͽѵѵˣ
˼Ҳ˹ȥϽɼͶ㿪˽˼ȭ׷粽ļӳֺΣֱ˼ļؽڣʹùڵϡ
ɼ״̧һߣɨڽ˼ϣſڵϡ
ǿ书ߣƾʲôֺ
׷ȥʿɵǱ˷ܣ˴ƺܹ˽˼
һŲڽ˼ϣ㿴ʲô
ӣ
һڽ˼ϣֻ˼³һѪǱߵһסԼһֵصˣһߵһ֮أ
˼ˣû뵽ɵ书ôߣԼȻǶץ
ȥ
ûٴȥĴ㣬˼鵱Ȼ뿪˾Ӫͷ̧
ȥ
ȥ
ʿţŽ˼鳰Ц˵ĽŲ죬޲ôδֹط
̫ˣ
һ߹ҲϹֻȴǵ˵ҪĴ㽵ְѽ˼һ٣ǡ
˼ǽɵϼŹϼýɽְְ
£Ϊҽְġ
Цһ˵ŹϼôѸ£Լ򲻹ңӣȻôġ
ԣưͿֻܳˡ
ˣ˶ֿ˻Ц޺ҲЦˡ
鷳᲻١
Լֱ·Ҫɨʲôණһһֱ鷳ϣҲ鷳ˡ
Ҫգ
תȥӪʣֱͦıӰҶɵͦ·нڣʲô鷳ӭж⡣
**
ɵʮַ꣬Ȼ˽˼ܽû취磽еĵ
ֻԼߣֺαԼΪŮߣΪԼأ
벻ͨźþ²ú󣬱˰٣ȥگȾˡگһСΪˮСʿƷƵĵطĹ͡
ⲢΪжĲ飬ֻΪǰСϰһ֮СżһֱΪţֻǽɺȥ
죬ȵƣԼʱЩ˵ֻɬ˼ϰ壬˵ľʲô
˵֮󶼾꣬ٺ»ܶ඼ָǮֵܣԼֻһЩνö졣
ϰǸʮͷˣдһʣϵС˸׼ǳ¶ġ
á
ӦºϰȥˣԸС׼ǳ¶СıȴЩΪѣϾǳ¶ˮСľơ
ϰ壬ܸ𡭡
죬ˮСǮȥ׼һЩ
ǡ
żĽɰţһ֧Դʵͼ˵ֻǰҵߣΪʲôҪŮ壿
ͼȽ㣿
ʼ磺˵Ҳǡ
ԭ˽ΣУگǽʿ˼ǲÿֻܿסʮǱֻǽɺܺ棬ԭθôǿˣôԼĽʿ뽪˼Уѵûз
ͼûд
ɣûдûУҲΪˣøˡ
ԭ˵ԭԲлģȻ̧ԭʬ壬ֽŽϣϵ˺ۣûһġ
ϸ룬״Ӧгǡ
ɽʲô𣬾ȻҪһĥ̶ֳȣ
Ƚɶ룬СѾƶ˽ˣһӡ
ɣˣʱˣȾƺȾơ
ͼõһ쿪ʼˡ
ɣ㣡
ɵһƣһͦúȣû뵽ˮС˵ľƶôúȣѹôá
ż䣬īžƱһڣ꿴˿ΧʵСϲ
ţͦϲġ
ˮСʮţ˺ֻܶȥ׺䣬ÿһС˾ϲܿϰǸϸĵˡ
ͷЩˡ
׸īΪϲŽȾƣΪɽѡģ


30 
ɺžƣ һ֧ԴеķգߵĶ Ȼֻкͼϵͳ
ɣͼ Ҫҵʧˣûת Դȥһ磬 ҿԼġ
˵ʵһܲɣ ʵûеסʹֶΣ ԼȴسǾ֮Կ ⽫һôѰҡ
ǿһ㣬 Ż޼ɵضԼʹˣ ԼǱǸеģ ҪԼĥ֮ǰȳ
ֻҪԼȳôŤתһС
ͼûпˡ
ͼ̾˿ ֵ֮ǰҴ㴩磬ĵòˣͷҳͷĵһռ֮ǰòֵ
ĬĬţ ̲סֺһھơ
ͼ겻ɣҴҲᱻ١
Ȼͼ˵ ȴʮֲԸͼԼĻ飬ȻͿһ㣬 Ѿ벻ͼˡ
ɣҲ㱻ٵġ
ͼежô£
ɣһϵͳ˵ĸ飿
ͼǿǸ߼˹ܺðɣ
ɣ˹ϰɣ
ͼ
ɺͺͼ죬۽ȴ̲סʪ ʧȥճ
ɣаɣһȥģ۶ʹ࣬Ҷȥģҿ̵ֵ꣬ûпԾҩ
ͼϣ
ɵг̵ֵĽ棬ҩһУһȦֻһҩԾ
ɣת굤ôô磿
ת굤ֵܹ޸һƣֻһ
ͼҸĺͼϵͳģﲻȱ
ɣɵƯ
Ҫʱ򣬺ͼȴֻһǧʮֵҵϵͳ㣬Ҫһżɵĳɹʡ
ɣ
ѵǡ²۹ǿż
ͼǵû
ɣ
˭뵽ԼһȻҪԼ²۹ĶԼأ
գִغһھƣΪƵζɺܿͰѾƶȹˡò˵ƵĺĴԼѾʼеˣ𽥷ݡ
ˮСľôҵ
Ұ
ͼι
ɣûﰡǣǡ
˵ʲôţ
ͼˣ
ͼһϵľƺȫˣ˺Ҳĺݡ
ɣУҵûؾӪ򡭡
ͰԼʾڡ
վԼЩվȣҪסӵʱСɨ˾ƺ
ȻΣǵһӦԼˣôÿľƺһҪܶǮ
ڴʱԼżűƿʶسԼʵĳδˣҪ̹ȥѧĿǾɽ˾ֻĽƸ׽
С㣡
Сΰ
Ϥ͵ջ˽ƣȻԼȴڵϣһʱ̶վڽɲûˤڵϵƬҪѪˡ
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Сΰû°ɣ
īѽɷҲ鲻ԸȥæͲˣղ˻̵Լīôʲô
ûû¡
κǿվ֮ҡҡλεˡ
꣬ȳȥɡ

û뵽īԼȥЩֲøī˵ڶ飬뿪ˡ
Ϊκȵô
գһ˱죬Ȼſϣġ
Ϊβģ
īڽԣ庢һɨ˵ıղŽɲ֪˭ܵش̳һ¶Էǵˡ֪Ǹī󣬽ɷ˽䱸ؿӣҵ˵ŻղŽµ֧һɶˡ
ģ۸ҡ
һһ󣬸īʧЦشսɣ۸ô
㡭۸ҡ
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īĽɣٿɢһǳ¶ݸǳ¶ĺ󾢼ǿ˾ȻôǾҲҪġ
˵
ǿԼ۾ڳģ˵ţΪʲôҪôҡΪʲôҪڲˡ
īЦݣḧɵͷɵϡ
ץסī֣ҲŮǸöá
˵վǻʵۣһһҪЩ̰Щ̥ˣˣɱ
£һ̫ƽ
ɾԼ֣Լǵõţҡҡλεģ븵īĻСƵʹȫڸīϣīֻܿվȣŽɵ¡
ΪʲôǶҵˣҲŮ
ɻţīߣţҰɱǺòã
áǺˡ
СʱСʱֻǸ˼鶥죬ҵҵʹң߹Ƕˡ
ָָԼ߹ǵĵطԹԵ˵Ż˿ûвīüͷУ֪ڼңҵûĹңֻҷģʱŻ֣ҡ
Ҹгôô
ɲףȻôԼΪʲôҪԼţֱԼսвô
еġ
ʲô
ûʲô
īҡҡͷʵҪҪ˯һ
û˵ҪҲû˵Ҫֻһֻèһڸīϣʱһ䡣īûоܾɵǣȻ§ס¡
ұǿΪʲôǡҡ
߽һСһڿߡ
ҲŮ
˵һ۽£֪δŮδ
ؼ˵˼䣬˵ôãֵ۸īһֱţֱ˲˵
˸֮۾ûͣ
īģȴһ˿ζ˲ζ
ǾǵһϻǸˡӣΪ檺󣬺ܿˣø
ī΢΢һĨɬЦݣﻳʱԻǶùģֱҳ󣬸ǸŮӴ˱㲻Һˡ
ֻǸ󷿣ǰ֪Ҳûпɽ֪ԼѾ޴ˣʧȥһУþֶΣҪµõԵĻġ
īЦ˵ϧԲûΪ˵ҲǸԵ֣͵ˣ˵Ǽˡӵıԣ˾ɷ򡣡
ò谮ڸѹȣǺҡ
ī΢΢̧ͷʲôԸ£оǺ⡣
ÿڴҵʱܻңΪʲôҲǸкǸкԾͲ֮ˡ
īЦ󻺻˲֪ʱѾ˯˹ȥɵգص˯ɡ


31 
ʱ ˲ͷʹϵһˣ
ΪԼˮС ȻЩΣ ۵ķԼӪʡ
ôˣ
ʱ ˮͷ ֻһ
ô
˽һۣȻˮŵߣ ˮСĻưͻġ
ʮȻëԼ ˻ ʵǸûпī
ǵԼˤ˾ƺ Ȼ˴˽ ӦǸī
û˵ ͻ뿪ˡ
ڴߣ ǵʵзգ˵ǣαؽ
̾˿ ëϣͷ˵ֻһЩСûʲô
˵ʲô ȴʵ˵ˣϴȥ²
á
ûжʣ ڽϴϺ󣬶˱ȥһӪ ȥ²æµһֿʼˡ
ϣоŹصĵΣͼͻȻ˿ڣ㻹ǵ֧𣿡
һһЩؿڣʲôǸʲô
ͼøī˵ԼСʱ£Ӷʮֵ
ɣʮ㣡ҴɱϾ˸īһֵôģ
ͼ˵ļ䲻ǺҪ𣬿ΪŮīļҲ͸Ҫˡ
ɣ񡭡Ҳûʲôë
̱ϣ໹Щ۵̫ѨڰɣоСʱĻ䲢á
ͼˡ
ٿվ̲סѺͺͼĶԻ˵˿ڣɶ
Χûˣ˻ȥæʵɶʱɵģһ䶼ûа
ͼ찡ƣī㣬Ȼ˵һЩ
ɣҿȫǵˣ
ԭ층īԼˣˣԼûк˵ɣ
ͼ층ī˵һЩԼСʱ£ӣȫǵˡ
ɳĬˣȻȶƬˣԺĲˡ
ɣ˵ʲô
ʵܺ渵ī£ϧԼȻû
ͼ⡭
ɣ㲻ǲǵ˰ɣ
ͼǸ˵ЩصĻǻԶεġ
ɣ
Ȼˣȷµġ
ɺúڰҪٸһλᣬһҪī˵Щʲô
溦èڽģ
ͼһǧٵֵˡ
ɣ׬
ͼ
Ȼī˵ʲôʮֵֵͦġ
ͼҪҪ֧񣿡
ɣʲôʲô
ɲԼǮۿֵۿϾҪ׬һЩֵһĳɹʡ
ͼøīһ£ֵ
ɽԭأͼʵ壬ڽһɵһ
ɣȷϵͳҪ
ͼֻʲô
ֻʱһ֮ľȻЩʧ䣬Լʧʲô
ɣ٣Ҿͬʱת굤ͼˣ˭˭ɵϡ
Ӧº󣬺ȻֿˡԼ׸īøīԼƲ˰
Ҫʲô⣬ż֡
ͼȰ㲻ҪϵͳĿӡ
ɣѰ
ͼҲܣԼ취
ɣĴβԼ취
ͼҲŶ
ֻ콪ɶûʱȥҸīһǲþжյһگǻԯϸϢ
ɷگǴ̽ϢԼæ֮Ҳȥگһˣ⼸г̼㡣ǰҲмϸŹҲһдİ׮
ֻһνȥ̽ѰңŷگĴ죬δȫϤڵÿһ깽䡣ǳѼ鱨ķگǵÿһˣЩƦåһ㣬鱨گǡ
ȥҲҵ˾ͲڷƶķαװһͽݵƦ˵ڰǰگǵģܶ࣬ڶķﾭ˴ĵǲôġ
ͽԵķˣӴ˾Ӫ
Ӫݵ˹ڵϣһ۲ԶѾķˣ¶ɫѾǸ֮ջ׽ķͽ޺̱ƹ֮¶ɿڣӴǻˡ
ԯļϸ
˴ѳСͲͷд˹گسǾĽʿ鱨һЩ
޺裬ｻˡ
ɰСͲ޺裬Ȼ뿪˼һȻѼϸҳˣɽܾЩ޺ʣ˷ȥ̽ûͬ
Щº󣬽ҲȥһмЩóԵһ
ϰ壬Ұȡ
ǽϺϣСȥ졣
ڿջϰԼȣûϵպҲˡ
ô
Ҳһͬ£ɱ㡣
ǾͶлˡ
Ҳʵأô
ҿջǸṩʳĹӦ̣Ǹϰһ׶ε๩Ӧ
ˣҲÿ
˽ͺúȥһ£ЩҲˡ
Ҫܾʱ򣬸īͻȻ֣ýЩϲ⡣
λ緹ô
תͷȥָīڿԼ̽ζŵվûûУֻ¡
һμī뽪֮һĸоٿīܾøīһδ֪Σա
һֱӦġ
ֻΣգΣǣֻǴ˿ûбǰ޺ĪԼЩ¡
Ҷż䣬Ҫ
īδ˵꣬ϴ˲ˡ
ʱϰѼ˹һùдȡ
ɣ
Żŵģڸʲô
īŷ˼֣Цá
Сῡ
ð
ɺˬӦˣ䷹飬ײ䡣βȸīڣС㣬ߵ㡣
š
˵꣬˷ߣ֮ǰһֱԼŮˡ
ȥɡ
á
ɺ棬īôگˣĪ
̫ˡ
¥󣬷꣬üͷ𣿡
УΪʲôղŻŻŵģҾһĮӣ
룬ѵзŮ˾ԼС㣿ԣԼСҲûʲôҪ
ûлش⣬ǿϰϰ壬Ǿ̸ô
ҲǿԵģ
ϰ忴꣬ЩΪѡϾǾ֮Ľףܲȥ
Ժȥɡ
õġ
˾겢ûиȥֻǶԷŮ˸Ӳϲˡ
ŮˣȻ
ûȤ֪Ҫϰ̸ʲôȽϺΪʲôе¸īӣ
벻֮ͨСˡ


32 
īôگˣ
֪īеסˣ ڳΪĻź󣬸Ǹܡֻ渵īگʲôگǡ
һЩ£ ͶһЩС⣬ 
ī˵գЦŽͣЩӣ ҹһġ
һʱҭ Ȼ֪īͶС⣬ﻹ̲סԲˣ ˸īһ㹻ѡ
Ҿż⣬ ˳
īŽɿȥ һЦ һһ㡣
ң
ɵĲͻȻúܿ죬 ֱߵıӺһڣ νţʵʲôÿģ
㳤úÿ
⣬ ˵⻰ɷˡ
ϴξͺ߸ī仰һ˵Լúÿⲻɷ
ҾСῺÿ
ī˵ϣǺ彪ɵģ ýɶеˡ
ͼ˵ʵòֻǺڡ
ɣ죡
ɿɲͼϹ˵Ĵʵ
㣬 ô˵ˡ
ɿԸͼ춼ģɱīôʵһ˵ ̲סˡ
īЦپ˵ȥæɣ
ţ á
ɴӲ͸¶ԼڴЩʲôǸīҲУϾǾˡ
죬Ҳ֪Ҫˣս²ϣңĻǰա
īɵһȾƣֻҲ̾˿ˣģ̫ˡ
˵˸īĲܣ漴ʵīĻŵ뷨
Ļô
ī˵󣬽ԭء
ԣ˼ǣԺĻŰι
ͼ籾ˡ
ɣѵ𣿡
ͼʱûɶë
ɣûá
ַˡ
ȻǿԼɸī̫飬˫۶ʧˡ
Ҿ顣
ЩΣջ񣬸īЦʵСǷԸҵĻţ
⡭
㣬˭ĻҲ뵱
ī˵󣬼һΪѵģʱЩʧ䣬漴㼷ЦݣЦġ
ҪĻŵȻá
˵仰ͻȻ룬զ죿
Ҳ̣ΰ㣿
īЦŵҡ
ôᣡ
ϷΪȫˣڿʱīɵӡ̫ˡ
ȻīںչʾԼĲܣɽ֪Ĳָ㽭ɽպ̨ϵλıˡ
ֻдֻвʮʱ䣬ʮ꣬ɻҪˮ֮С
вܣϵλ󣬰յȷù˺ܶ࣬ϧīȴδߡ
īӦ³Ŷԡ
Ӧ㲻ĻҵĻš
īһЦȻ׵ãһúÿǵġ
ɶԴµ󣬱Ͼվ飬īҪĻŵģӦƫ̫Զ
ܿ죬СͰѲ˶˽ˣ˳˵Źһ¡Źѹȫᶼ֪顣
֪ŹѹŹʵǰܹġ
ī˵󣬽һʵ˵ǰδ󽫾޴һս
š
ȻҲ֪ŹΨһһαƣɺˣԯû͵Ϯӱ˻ȥʧ˹ռŹõĻᡣˣʷϣһսۣʧܸա
һЩսʷܿʷɽ޵顣
ϧĴػĴػʿʷأ˵ĴػŹƲˡ
ȻҲλ޷ĴػȣԼ޷о֮ƵȡϧʮǰĴػҲ˳˾ӣ֪ȥ
ʱõΧսгһС빥Źأɲοο
ţȻ
ȻҲвοֻǵõΧսӵҪ̫ˡȣҪһ֧ɻҽʿɣҪ㹻ҩҪһͨҽҽ쵼Χսĺģܹϵƣǿս
Ȼǵҩ﹩ӦȱҽҲ࣬λûһ˾ͨҽΧսڿʵǲС
ͼ˻и֧񡣡
ɣⲻھҪô
øīԼһ£ôҲ벻ñԼİ취
˵¥λĸɣǿܺá
ī˵һ䣬ɱЦŵţλֻŮӣҵĸҲЩ
īӦһʵϷ
ͼҷ·𿴵ӵͷ
ɣͷ㶼ܿ
ͼҿϵͳ
ʲô
īδɻϷ潪ɻ˵Щʲô
ǲȭӮ˵˿һ¡
˵ţ㿪ʼȷ죬Լˣ˸åЩ
īЩģܾŲΪ֪˼ʱĴ𣺡á
û뵽ܹô˳ΪīܾԼɵ󡣲ʶīʼīûоܾԼԼʲôӦˡ
뼰ˣɾĪζ񳢵һ
ϧǣȭɾûӮͨ죬ֻһﲻŸīķԸڸīûֻ̫֣ǽȾƣѹЦһЦ֮ġ
ǿЩȵģīҲģһ֣˶ʱͿӡ
Сʲô
īһ㴦õģͻȻ͸ˡ
ܲܣһ£
˵꣬īɫһ䣬ŵýϽֻͣҲǡ
ɻδ˵꣬īɵգȻܿڽɵӡһǡģȵģܰģ˵ʲôζܾԼһҪƮƶ˵ĸо
ô
īĴֻ뿪ɵ˵ʱϢǳǳشϣӶˡ
ˡ
ɽԶīֱʱһ˵ʧ䡣
е㲻
ͼ֧һһǧ˰ٵֵ
ɻµ״̬ͼ˵ˣȴûȥ˵Щʲôɲҿī۾ʵ𣿡
ˣʵԺͣˣôһԵӮǮܵĶͽ
档
īЩƣ̧ۿһۣ˵ƽջҪЩлա
Ҹղš
ɻδ˵꣬īضĻһ֡
ɱƱһ¸ղŵåΪɸī͵ĻᣬĪˣ
ֻùԹԵسȭȻ󲻳ˡ
ҡ
ţ
īĿǲͬƽգڵƺЩǣ˼ְԵ
ҡ
ī˵һΣɵ৵һºߵĻơ¾øīˣڱ뵽㣬ɰסԼɧģīȴ˵ҵĴ
ɽԶ
ʲô
ɣͼͼ
Ѿģͼˡ
ģɵĶͷð˺ٳٲȴīЦһһЦԷ顣
Сô
ǡ
Ůˣڷס⡭
侲ֻףûʲôġ
ɵĺüȴī΢΢̧򦣬˸īǡȵĴýɲֲʲôһ
֪ʱīڽɵ֫Ħƺڴߴ
ߴʲô


33 
뿪˸īĴ īڽϵҲ˻һк񶼲źۼ
ɻֹסضļⶼڷ ̲ס˿ڽҺ
ң ǡ
īŽȵģõЦ͸ŨˡȻɵķɫСɫģ ɸīܿˣ ˡ
ô
ٿվңһо ´Σ ´İ
˵꣬ ɼװ򶨵߳ȥ ɽŲʼձƽտ˼֣ һЩҡ
뿪 īԼĴǣƺȵζ ղܡ
С㣬ʲôˣôܵô죿
ɳ¥ˣ ֻΪʲôܵô죬ҿңһ
ûʲô
ī˿ھƣ Цⲻʮֲ״ ӦҲûʲô£㲻ˡ
ţ СڸīĶߵС㣬ﴫϢʫڳլޣѾаˡ
īˣЦ˼֣Цţܺá
С㣬һ㶼𣿡
˵װĶ׶Ǹīȴ븵ʫڱй֮£īһ㶼

īһеģƺһ㶼żҲмá
Ǹȡˡ
ī⣬붬δ¹ѩһֱɵģһѩ١
ݣӦҲѩ˰ɡ
**
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ɣҪҪˣҾȻ˸ī
ͼҿʲôұ˺þã
ͼڴбųˣŷŻŲǸղϷȻȻī
ͼһֺµϷ
˫Լһ·СܻȥӪȻѸٻصԼӪ
̫ʦϣЩصͿҸоҿܣһԸīһЩǷ֮롣
ͼҾ˵
ͼһ㶼⣬ֵ϶˼
¿ɷˣīϰףǻమֻһڻǣһǺܿͻᱻڻҵ֡ϵͳīѹʲôھ񡭡
ˣ
ͼţҿû찡ֻǽ
סԼǷǾᣬԼ£ƻкܶ鷳ˣôһжˣīøŰΪ
ͼûпܣûаīҲΪ
ɣҲŶ
뵽־ʲôԣϵ԰ôΪīһһ
ͼֻ˳˵ȥֻһϵͳòࡣ
Ҳûָͼܶڵ˼ܻҡܾøղǸúܶ鶼ıˣȻô˵ЩɽɾøīԼӦҲиоġ
Ҳ˵Ůˣӵƽİ飬ݳޡ
ңܻܲȥҲһ⣬Ӧɸīġ
ͼ಻о仰мʱ𣿡
ɣҪҳ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ˣڱҪ
ܻǾɡ
ʵҲûýɶ룬Ϊһ죬ԯɱԭʱߣԯӦúܿͻ;ֹγԱƵǡ
ºִһս۵ÿ̱ˣҪʰսҪʵû취ͣ
æµýΣսҲһߡ
**
ɿŽᣬһʱ֮Ĭɫ˸ҿڡ
Ǵδ״̬κһսأٴС
һͨĽ˷˭Ϊʲôɾһء

˽һŻعŵһԣҽ˵ĻҪغҵ
˻һλһֱͦƽʵĪթ
ǽģ֮ǰ뽪˼ֵôûô򵥡
Ǹ塣
Ҫĸİԭһ֪ȴԸԭУڵ֪ԭ͸ī󣬱㳹׶ɱȻԭУīֻ뽪ھƹż˼䣬ɽأ½ɻᱳѽң볹װѽɳ
壬Ǿͱȥˡ
ƽ˵󣬽ȴҡҡͷǱȥġ
ԲԽ
ֹ޺ҲȰ˵ϵگǵİΣԲ³ç¡
Ϊʲô֪壬㻹Ҫȥ
ϲһˣʵǲףΪʲô֪ɽлƫɽС
ΪҰѽľѻᡣ
վԼλʼԼҪ˵Ļλо̺Уǲ಻λ˼
ԭĽɶǶһЩģһԼý಻̫ĴĵλΪ۲óʧ⡣
һļƻܳɹôٿԱԼȨݰյԸġ
˵һЩ
ƽˣ֪мƻʵ
ҪҳҲ֤ݡ
ָԼ飬꣬´ܼ򵥡
½ҡ
ϸģܹҳԽ֤ݡ
˼ͽĿģҪɢյĶС
ɶ˶٣ЦҲͼӴ׵ض˵һЩ
½ң
£Ҫ˵˭ϲ˵ԣǶȻ
ұѺȥҪѸȥݸ´ЩϢ

޺˵ɵͷӦ¡
ѵһǣҪݰʩѹҪΪֹ
ҿگǣԯ
ɷĵףֵֻµʱٳɴ¡
ɼǵãԭ£ʹȥģƣ¡
˵ǵиңһΣұ㽫ҵиǡ
ѾˣУҪظȡʱ䣬Ҳȡ䵽ֽŽĽ֡
һ߾ܡ
˵󣬾ЩʣҪ֪Ů˾صҲûп޹ȴΪԼɶЩۡ
Ȼ壬Ҳκ˸գһΪȡʱ䡣
һȥסԼɫ˵޷ŻȥҶ֧֡
ɶ˶٣ǾҲΪұ԰յΪء
ǡ
شɵƽ侲صˣȻܣǽɵĽУ
ס޵ĳ嶯˵Ǽٵģվ̫᲻áȻûһ꣬˵ֿԭǣŵ̫̫Ĳᡣ
иīǲѿİ⡣
⣬ҲдŸīģʲôΰĳɾͣΪձֻԸһƽ
ԭľ飬ǷԼ븵īйӴų׶ɱģҸīǲɵġ
ˣΨһźûɣ


34 
īеֽ ɫģƺûʲôһԵȴסСС㣬 ʲôϢ
֮㡣
īĳָֽ۵ ŵҲݵ·ϡ
һжСƿ֮С
渵īøˣЩŬûа׷ѡ
Ѿ˰ɣ
ţ ˣ ϢѾޣƽѾжˡ
˵ Щ ̲סʵС㣬 ΪΡ
ùϵѵİ취 ǲϲìܡ
ī˵ ˿ڲ裬 Ĭ˰Σŵҽɲɵ
üͷ ôֲɵˡ
˾֮ģܿġ
ī黹ȥԺߣһȴ˸īǰ
С㣬 گĸ춯
īüû˵ĵصȴ˵ȥ
޺ձһ·ݸ· һֱگ߶ƽӪ
˶٣ ˼һ£˵ȥȻûκϢ ǵİ׮ɣƺʧˡ
˵ʲô
īƽɫһ˿Ѻۣ׮Ϊλ㻳ɣ
׮˵ÿնᵽǽһѾδˣ֮ǵ춯д˲²⡣
˵շ·𽵵˱㣬ǰģ໰궼˵Ϊо˸īȾһ
ͬɱ֮ʱ״̬
ī˫ۣصԼĺʵĶΣ
ݰ׮رǡ
ǣļݾ˱Ѻĵط̷̾ߺܵļ
īָ££££ղŵȥگǡ
㾡ƽǸīЩִ٣ܲīĲԾ
ǡ
**
мУ˿н˵ŽԽɵĲԼһˣȥǶһˡ
ǶҪĳ࣬Ϣɡ
ֻδ룬Լδ̤گǣǶǵѱѰˡ

īһϮɴźٰۣñϣڽסûϳ
Ǹǹﰡ
Ų٣īסֻͣ½Ų¶ЦݡеĽ޲ðȾߣκֲ˿ߣԼЦݶЩŹ֡
Сأ
īҲˣܿīЩ˾ú¡ˣΪη˵ī򵥣սĥ³ֱͬ񣬸ī򵥡
Ҫæ
ó˵ѣһ˵ͻȻϣԼôھͲôˡ
īɫأǲǱѺˣ
һһ֧֧ģһĻ˵ī֪ˡ
һ£ˡ
˵ѣʲô˵ˣҪ뿪ʱȴīס˸첲ڳﻮʲôҿ԰ǡ
Ĳ˵
īĸ첲ȴīһ·ٽС£ɢȥİɡ
û˵ȴҲû뿪ȻŮ˴Щ¡
СмƻǾ͸ңǶ԰
ĶˣƽǸ֮أܹõīİͨ͢ʩѹôȻ°빦
ɱѺ±֣ôͻֻţԯҲץ׼ǡ
Ρ
ǡ
δ˵꣬ƽ㴫˹һ˵
ȻǵһμƽɸīظоƽϵϢɺƣսĥ¶
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ҪƽƽȴļʾġҲٶԣƽ£ҲܷģԼľϵġ
īȽһҲݣҪһż䣬ƽȥ£Լ˽ȥ
ңСʲôƻ
īƽºͺͣ˼ּ껹з
ʲôϵ
ƽȻܾô߸īҪīףҲ˵ġ
ѡ
ī˵ֵӦ֪棬Ƕǣߡ
š
ƽʣºΣգУвõĺ㲻ô
¡
īӣ˵а취ᱩ¶Լ鷳
ҿ԰ǺܴæֻҪǸС῵ļƻ
ƽĬ˰Σʵ㣬Ҫô
ƽò׼īͽɵĽж¸īġ
ҪҲ
ī۵׾ֿƽо˲򵥣ٴ˿̵⣬ġ
Ƕûʲô⣬Ψһһһ취
ʲô
ī߬ýģһĪ
ҪݵİȺʩѹλյԸ
ƽ˶٣˵˵ˣؼġ
ī߬ȭͷɿͺŵҲɿһ
а취
ī˶٣һҪȥСΰۿȫ
Ųǣ
Ųκˡ
ƽīЭһµ̬ʮּᶨͺǧһͻȻһ뷨Ժ
һˡ
īЦЦҾأ
**
ɱֳֳʪļǽţһ̧ۿŴ΢⣬ܾһƬ
ԭУԭʿ˷ˣȴǱԴΧˣԼʿȫɱ˻ȥָʧ
һΣɵǹƥ뽪µ壬ջǱץ˻Զײϼ
ɻǵýʱϳֵľȣʮֲ⣬ΪʲôԼ֪廹ᴳҲǽļ֤ԼĻŽҵģԸ塣
ңĲǼϸ
Զĵطи̷ＸҹҹᴫҽԹѺķ˲ĥ
Ϊ˭֪ʲôʱֵԼɡ
ɣͼ˵һΣԭʲôͬ𣿡
ͼ֪
ͼܸоɵĲŵİɣһžת굤ȥġ
̾˿ˣȥֻһΣԸɡ
һյʱ䣬̷ʧˣһŲ𽥿һĲ
ܿ죬һʮҵվηǰһɫףЩȴܿúÿɫŭΨһ˫ǲ䡣
ɡ
ɿηˣǴ֮󣬵ڶμˣһϤİĸоÿ־塣
СʱĻ䳶ԼӿͷǱ߹ǴΣ˶ֵĻԻº֡

ɿڵʱǸɬģƺҲİģɫʵ绹ﶼȱʧġ
Լʱûи׿ŮʱĴȰิӵĸоɿʲô
Ϊλ븵ī棬Ƕ˵Щʲô
û¶ȣûи飬һͨķһýɲЦ˳
˵ˣô
ɺףأֻһ𰸣һɱԼĴ𰸡


35 
˵ˣ ô
ɺ˽⽪ԭһֱעйΣ Ҳϸоϲ
ˣ ףԼ˵ʲô Լ ˴𰸡
ǴܳĬŮˣüͷ ű˼Ĳͣ˵ˣ ˡ
վ 򽪲 һԭҲ֪⣺ Ϊϲң ֻŮô
һӲһ£ ܴ￴һĿ־塣
־壿ΪʲôԼ
ĲϲңΪҪң
ԭСָ³󣬽˵ĻʥּӲΥΪԼֻҪһЩ һЩһЩͻ࿴Լһۡ
ʵȴûУ ɲϲֱԭگǣ ĹˣΪԼĻᡣ
ҲΪʲô ԭѧ˷Ҫ̽ǲ顣ɵ֪Ҫʱȴˡ
룬ʱԭӦңΪԼôļ֣ôڴʵͽȻ
һ㶼ϲ
ν⡣
ܶʱ򣬽ɵʣڽﶼνģҲʱʼɲٷʣ˵һЩΪν顣
˵ʲôνġ
ɺͽηһ֮Ĺϵһֱ
ڱ߾꣬ѧЩ
ʼûлشɵ⣬ҲֻЦЦȥԭ
븵īΪʲô
˽ɵ⣬һֻ֪֪Ĵ𰸡
£л˵ʲôģ
ϲ̬ȣסӣʵǶ˵ʲô
˵̸̸ƺͲ衣
˵ûпı顣ֻһأ
ûˡ
ɿЦһ£Ƴ˽һۣ֪š

ɲ˵ûзŭֻǸһ뿪η
Ǹϣɵˮδδմں֮У˯˹ȥ
**
գǱˮѵģδȫ۱㱻˼̼ϡǿԼ۾ȴǽǽ˼顣
֮С
ͼг𱨳ԹԹ
ɣôȥһʱ䡣
ͼԭ򣿡
ɣš
ͼò̾ʱԼ̫ˡ
һʹ˼°ͣǿ̧ͷɣû뵽Լ䵽³ɣ
ɶûֱˮûڶǱĥˣ˵ˣ˵©硣
˼鱻ԼʱһЦҲΨһֵЦˡȻ˼Ѿ˻仰Ҳ㹻ˡ
˼һֱס˽ɵĲӣס˽ɵĺʶţֽŶסˣûа취
һ̣ɵɫ˽ɫԼΪҪһغʱ򣬽˼ſ˽ɡ
ҿ㻹Ӳʲôʱ򡣡
˼ߣھɱ˽ɣΪܻ뿪ô
һкܶʱ档
ɵͷ£ȻغţԼôˡ
˵ɣ͸Ǹֵ˵Щʲô
һȥǺԼ˼ֻľԼ
ġ
ΪλҪ븵Ǽ
֡
̧ۿ˼飬ֻЦЦʲô
иī
ǷͷԸϵŮ־ҵ졣
ЦһҲǡ
˶٣˵֣
˼ɫһסŭ黹
ɽҧز˵˼һɫ˽һˮ৵һ£ɾ޿ײԼƤ裬ǵʹ
ĥܣʱڻǺǰ̣Ҳ
ȽܵģѾһδԺˡ
͸ī˵Щʲô
ġ
˵󣬽˼̧ʾ⣬ϳһӡǼƿƤѪζŨص̷ʹǷŴ˼ɽɺܿͷֲԾ
ϵˮ䵽Լ˿ʱĵʹź֪ط֣õԼϵˮ
û޺ôкˣԼ䵽أ־廹纣ϮûԼôǿ
ǲǺʹ
ÿһ缡ⶼڶ˼Цøˣطٲ̵̷ҶĹ̰ǵһμһĽԼֳĥ
㵱ʱҴݵʱʹʹ
ɵǴģþһ㡣
ͼܱܲӲ
ɣȭͷӲô죿
ͼý޾ĺڰҵһ˿ϣͻȻңһʱ˵ϵͳߣ벻
ɵĻҿ˼飬СžšΪ˲ģǸԼ͸ˣ½˼ɱڡ
˼˹ȥǹıӺһƿ첲һӣӺݺݵسڽɵϣý̲סһƺߣˮ亹ȫںһ
ɣʹһ᲻ôˣ
ͼͦס
ͼҲҲ˵ˣһʹȫԼĺ
Ҳ֪СܲܳɹԼȳ
**
ƽףīʲô취ýԽѸǶǴ̶գǶǵֶ̼֪£׷ϵϷƽ˵Ը͢ԸýɴӽҾ
̼ǵʩѹܿͻõϢûиīæ²ô͵õ
ôģ
ƽһīصگˮС
Ƕʮ꣬һûУС֮ǰǽ⡣
ī˶٣ߣǽ˼ӹگǣٽǶǻкӹô
ˣʼջǿġ
ī̸ºƽһιĿ࿴ֹһˣһ˳ᢵıʿ
ң

ƽǵýѾףϵ뽪֮棬пΪµｪô
Ƕǵʩѹ˽۽ԣɣ
ʲôô
뽪֮ĺϵ͸ƿȨˡ
ƽû˵ȥֳüĹܣô벻׵ġ
ΪԸ˵ôࣿ
ƽܾãīԼ˵ô࣬ΪԼͼ
СƽҪΪҵĶĿ
ʲô
ƽ׸ī˼
СƽŹиıƵǲãҶ
С῵ĽҪңʲô⣬Ҳʲô㣬Ϊ˱Сῡ
ƽգûӦܾøīĿĲ
롣
룬ңܹܺܶΣա
ī̬һС㣬һ˳ᢶĺꡣ
ƽȻãǵˣǶȻ


36 
ɲ֪Լηȹ˶ٸҹ ˸ȣ䣬ڱǽϣ һϢ
˼ȷûԼ Լ쵽޵ʱԼͷˮôһֱţ ϵ˿žľˣ ƣ嶼أ ȴ˯ȥ
˯ȥĻ ԶѲˡ
ͼС С 㻹𣿡
ɣܺã Եú˯úá
ɱͼһ£ һң˿ˡ
ͼУ 𼤶ҲιȥŸ˵˵
ɣͼһ𣿡
ֻͼԻ ɲ˵һ仰ÿ춼ᱻ˼ӣˣ̫ܷ Ҳû
Ѿö춼˵һĻˡ
˶֣Լķ췢׻Ƥ оԼƤشԼ롣
ͼĲģס
ɣＸˣ
ͼѾһˡ
һˣ ޺ӦѾˣǻܿͻġġ
ͼסС
ɵ建ҵȥɾʱһϤĽŲý˹
־֮
˵ô
ûС
ǽͽ˼ĶԻɾȻЩ㱣ġ
󡣡
仰ǰһڣͦסˣֱ˿Űϳȥ̼ϡ
ʮأǶֽûô
գǿۣģģ䣬ƺ˽һذס
ֻҪԹ˵ˣһһʹ졣
شͷﲻһ䣺ɤӶˣ˵ƨ˵
ͼСס
ɣҿܡŲȥˡ
ΪԼܳ£ɿӣԼƺŲȥˡ
ɣͼһ¡
ͼʲô
ͼʣͻȻ棬ϵͳҲʵôҲиģ
ɣҸԤת굤һҵˣֱӰҹ
ͼá
ɣһΣԺͿˡ
Ժ˵仰ʱ򣬲ԾشЦ⡣ͼȻһָоͺ֮ǰԼĺͿ¶ǽ˲٣ɽûԼ
ͼ֪ˡ
ͼ̲סʣȴûȥοˡͻȻЩЦû뵽Լ䵽أȻȥοһϵͳ
Ĳ˵
ֶɵźÿѪۣǹ̵ģʧȥ˾ǽ֮ˡ

ĵ˵һ䣬ʱ۾򽪲˵кޣо£вģΪôӵ
ʱ򲻺ʱ˵뵽˽˼顣ԼСϰ˳ܣвҲѹâø˼ͽɵԼ¶˷â֤Լʱ򣬽˼סˡ
ʣߺޣΪ߹𱻼̤ĥԼԼ֤Լǲݰ
ɽΪʲô
ΪʲôԼ
˵ųɤӱһʹ񱻵Ƭһ̲סԳȻãһȺһζ嵽⣬³һѪ
ʱ䣬ֹ޴򣬻˼ȭߣѱˡ
㡭ҡ
ɼѵ˵һ仰ȴһݺݵסҸԴ书ȴ븵˽ϵûõİǣ
˵꣬һڽɵϣɵĶ˵ģ˵ʲôòǺ
Щ̸ֻֻֽ֪֪ŪȨȴҪΪ飬ôԵң
һѣȴιȥֻ֧ܿš
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ַˡ
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ͼˣ
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һӴ죬һͷϵͼͼҩҩ
ͼúúã
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ͼԼôǹɣ
ˣȥ
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ûκ
̧ɵͷ̽̽ĺûκκˡǾˣκһ˶£ˡ
ߣʡҶ֡
ȥּﴦɾ
ذ׽˼ϣ˵ԡɱģҪ¡
ǡ
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ˡ
˼鳯Žһ£뿪ηȻڼ״̬ȴܸоԼֵڻָûиղôʹˣѪҲֹˡ
㲻ͦˣ
ͼ񡭡ͦˣ
ɣҩʲôʱܽ⿪Ҫǰô죿
ͼҪѵʱȻѣȰڻȾš
ɣȻֲɵ
ɾôţܿͷд򶷵￩һ¡
ˣ
ܿ죬һͷηһ࣬ﻹһڡɲ²⣬ӦǺ½̫ʱ䣬㰲һǱʱ䡣
ƽͷ˼ʲôʱôˣ
ɼװֱηű򿪣Լ׹һĻ
ζǣ
С㣬ô
ɸобָ䵽ԼĲϣܿоǸӲˡ
ûûˡ
ǸīôˣôΣգǽô죡
ˣ
Ҳ˹ɵ֣ŷĸۣС㣬⣡
ܣģ
ܸоīĻţʲôŵ˵ҩζ
ͼҪҪȻˣ
ɣٵȵȡ
īιһЩҩûȥȴˣСΰȥòã
С㡣
īˣһҲˣīĴԼģ԰ɣ
㡣
īָɵϣǱѪ۷·ڲ̵ظŸīܹٷ˵ĶԴ
īŴδйĺ£ʧȥɣʧȥĵˡ
īҪɽԼī뿴Ц뿴ϿݵģǿĵֿؿԼᵣԼ˺Լ
īʶԼҰУҪץסĶ
ʧȥɣ
ҪʲôҶ㣬Ҫ£ұΪ뿪ң
īһ˫˲ͨ죬᲻ض
ɣʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
籾ǲֱ滵ˣ


37 
ҪʲôҶ㣬 Ҫ£ұΪ 뿪ң
ī һԵ꿴ţҲۿ ˲˽ڸī жر
ɣʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
ͼҲ֪
ɸоԼְѾ籾ˣһ֪ԼôѾ籾ѵġ
ɱīŵòѽ⿪Чã 
С㣡û
Ĩ˰ᣬ ΢΢ţ ϸ֪ī
ġ ţ
ī˽еˣ ȴƺһ ˫ۡģģ䣬ɿī޺һ˫ۣ עԼʱ⣬ʱеĺڰ
ѹˣʶԼȫ֮Ͼ˹ȥ ιȥʱΨһ뷨ǡ
ܺú˯һˡ
Сΰ
ī̽̽ɵ˻ţŰĲ١
ĥʲô
ʱ˽ ֵߣ𱻽ˡ
á
Ծؽӹ˽ɣ ᱧǰС㣬 ߣ
ȻòߣǲȣǿŽɾ˳ȥīһ۷Ȼû˵ʲôɷһףī㰲ĵ뿪ˡ
ηŲԶﱸһѽɷŵ󣬱Ԧ뿪ˡ
ڣīɲϵѪֲۣԾЩΪб޺ۣӵӴīҧظɲţŪ
󣬸īץɵ֣󴦵˿еѾֹѪ
ô˿ڣȻôֹѪ
īȻиĵ뷨룬ǲѾûѪˡȻ뷨ܻĵɸīȴˣ˵ţİɣûġ
īַڽɵϣԥ˰Σƿǵ£¶ǡ
һīȴסˣҲֹסˡ˵ļǣģ
޺ƤⷭϻϣǱɵġī֣ڱεĵطɵƤɫģԵЩ˺۸ӵĴۡ
īһȻѽɵ·ϣٰԼϣ˱ڻ
ꡣ
ǣС㣿
صɽׯҩ˵ҩ
ǣ
īͷԼˣൽԼУŪ
ɵϡ
**
ƽһŴ˽Σɻƽ룬ͷˣýЩ⡣
Ѿѽȳˡ
ѡȡ˵úأؿŽ޲ҪǧС
üͷѾѽɴ״̬
ӦûԼεŶԡ
ƽգ㳯Ž󽫾Ӵگǵľްϸ𣬻ĪҪٲگǵľ񡣡
ƽ۽ǲӻɫʥֵּ󽫾в֮Է鿴ʥּ
˵꣬ƽһ˱뿪ˣеĲ
ܰɲѾ
˼ѾҪһˣΪηķӦͺƽɸûǱǾȳȥˡ
̽ˡ
ȥ˵ΣߵɵηǱˣɻ˲Ѫ
ܻš
ϤΪԼжǴġ
ȥ̽
ǡ
˼뿪ηǿηڵѪ
ǽûǿɾд鷳ˡ
**
ɸоԼۺۣ˯˺þúþãмͷ
ҪѲԯô죿
߾ô죿
ʥּʲôԼԸ
ˣиīԼǱģЩء
Щͷһ𣬳һסðȡ
ǿԼѹľʹιȥī˵Ķߣʵ𼱣
ɶ˶īᰴסҲ
ɲԼھӪģģģī
ҡ
ɵ֦һۣ޷׵ط
˵
īɵͷȻι˵ˮˮʱ򣬽ɸоһʹɸоȸղźˡ
ʲô
ɵɳƣɸīȴ˵ʲô
گ㣬ֱλؾˡ
ī˶٣ֵɽׯˣİɣӪûʲô£ԯɶˡ
µĶִˣڣԯȻûֻϧλҲǳصģԯûռʲôˡ
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֪ϢҾ͵ǶǵһЩ˷ӦҲӪȡ
ɵһŽܾ˵ú֣ɵ֣һʱ֮벻ס
ˣȲˡ
ҵˡôˣ
ֻ֪ԼˣʵжˣԼҲûסηУԼ˸ȣ˻ģʹǺʹʹȴֱ治ˡ
īĬ˰ΣŻϢɣЩ
ɵĿһ£ץסīʵҡ
˺˶أ֣Ҫ²ȫԭ
ɣ
£
ͼеҩٻָŶ
ɣֵǲһǧֵˣ
ͼǵǵģõǿҩ˰ֵһڣȫָ
ɣУ
ͼ㡭㶼۸Ƚϵ͵
ɣҪָ
ͼаɡ
ɣȸīˣ̸
һᾡָġ
ī˫ʧΪΪԼƶеʧ䣬ֵ֣Ҳָġ
ڽʱõ֡
ЦһֵΪֻǰҲҲá
ʵϣҸó֡
û뵽Լ˼ȻԼ˱ֵˡԶ֣Щٲȫˡ
ֶֻ𶯡
īסɵֵ֣úϢɡ
š
㵱ʱǿô
ɾԼӦûģīʱӦǿˡ
īû뵽ɻôʣ㶣漴ڽɵĶͷӡһǣš
Ӧһ󣬸īúϢ
漴ī뿪˷䣬Ȼ崻״̬ʯһ
īղʲôԼĶͷ
ΪʲôҪԼͷ
ͼɶīͷ
īЩ䣬ڻڷȣ˻һ
ɣ˵ǲϲңǲǽǣ
ͼšֻһϵͳô֪ҩ𣿡
ɣԣ
ͼʹǰɣ
ɣҵҪܶܰҩιԼҸա
ͼ
ͼû˵ܿ͸оԼһſĵҩ
ɣʲôҩ
ͼ鵤ö
ɣôͻȻôö
ɼǵ֮ǰʱ򣬲ûз⸴鵤
ͼ˰˵һҾͿˣٺ١
ɺȻúͼҲˣԼҲжһЩô


38 
˯˯죬 һЩһжʮ
죬 ѾܴӴˣ ɰѸīŵò壬Ͼ˵ˣ ٵɰ²
û𣿡
û£ ġ
̧Լ˫ֵ֣һָһǿġ
ͼûи鵤 ƻš
ɣǡллͼ
룬 ־òԣ ԰ ҵֵģ ﻹҪлл㣿
ͼ˭ģ
ɣ
ɻ ͼ֮ôĹ򻹱ǿˣ
ҪǿԼ
īɿŴͷ ɿŸīú̲ܽסʵΪΡҶͷ
īգһ㶣ЦЦ дָڽɵĴϣ춼׹ˣͷ𣿡
˼ǡ
˵˼ֺ󣬷ָīָûҪ˼ ԼĴôָϣǡ
ţ
īĴָɨɵĴ ۵׵ȲزסֱӸī˫
ɲǵһμī¶ȵ ֮ǰȷһȷī۵׵ȣ
īԼǲǴԼСǷ֮룿
˼ǡʲô˼
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40 
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ʱ򣬰ָסԼ֣īʱ˽Цɣʵڿʲô
ûʲôͿս
żܵľٶϾǶ׵ˣô˵
ɺڣʱ̫ðīڣܿͳ֡
ʧһ¡
˵꣬ī뿪λ
ɼī뿪λ룬վ
ȥ
ߣ
˵뿪ˣܺҲû취ģɵ˺ܶ࣬Ϣʱ㲻Ӱˡ
䳡ؽԶĵطҵīڸˮϴ֡īϴϸʲôණһûпֻԶԶţɸīȴһ̧۳
һۣЩңԶء


42 
һֱ֮ ̭һˣˣҲݱٰ һֱٵһˡ
ɵڶֱϵǽˣ ǵһλ٣书ף óó
̨£ ܺੲݣɽɵ˼ȴԶˡղȥѰī Ѱˣ ֻңң ûдк תͷˡ
ɾԼίģ ־Լûʸίһ 븵īֻѹϵԼҲлԼ ûʸȥί
ڶܿͿʼˣʰ̨̲ס¥̨ˡƺЩͬףΪô
᲻
ջ ̨Ҳкֱһ˹ȻʹǾлṦ ˵Ļʵʹ˹ȥ ܺܿ췴Ӧһᣬ ɨɡ
սϴˣǰ˳пνҪ·ѽɵսϵĵһ
̨µĹڿľսȴݵ˳һ˵һշ˵ĹΧ˹ȥʹǾ񽣷˵ľ񵶷һ潻档
ʹĶǾе书ɽɵĽܳ벻ĵط˵סɵĹƣڽڰˡ
ҵ˴Ϣʱһ˵ǣλʮֽӽ˱У˲ͣһϡһɨ˵ϣƺһȥ
췽̨Ȼʧȥʶ֪
һţţϢڶֱ˹ȥǲ˵ˡ
ҪȻҲʴȣҪɱӺýҪɱ˺Ϊ֮
̨󣬵һ߹ĻǸʶĸƨ档
úð
ܺĴָҪһٲʺƨȴˡղŵĶֲ˵ؿһʹУ޷Ӧ̫ӵ˳
ߵһΪĵطڲܺûиͼ𣺡вУ
ɣУС
ɶ˶٣ֵȷȻҲڰҡ
ͼҪ㡣
ɣȻǿδ޻ûüֵ
ɿǽϣ˼󣬵ֻҪվȻƺ⽪һٺܶ鷳
ɵϢһºʹڱɢˣҲصԭλϼȴ
īѽɵһоٶ뿪һСʱ䡣뵽ʲôüͷʱ򰲶ɵ书ĺܺã񣬽û
ԽԽԽȤīüޱˣš
˶ʲţѳɴ¡
˵һ䣬īӦ͵ţ಻ɴ
뱾ͬ
ദľøīеС㲻һǶסˣûи׵ıӻø࣬øֻ࣬绨ѩµŮӲһ
ѹλĪ㿴
ɻ˽ŵˣ㲻ϺݣȻȴ̨ϡ
˿ҲδؿóɸīˡɶҪ˺ԼˣݣҲ֪λؾ
ɾһ·ش˾󽪲֮һڽҼһ߸ݵˣʱ͸ɱ⣬һִаɱ˲Żеֻˣ˺ˡ
Լ񣬾һˣýʮֲ
ɱԼ
ʼ˶ûжƺڹ۲죬۲ԼκζӦһĻŻǱںҹеĶߡ
ͼвУҸо˲öԸ
ɣƨ
ɻҲ˶еذףһϢ䣬Ѿһ𡣱ཻʮƵֵٶȺܿ죬̨µ˶ס˺
꿴̨ϵսһƬľܿǸ˶ɱģҽɵĶԽԽҲûʹ¶ࡣ
ǰˣɿ»
껺£յīߣС㣬ȥĻɻġ
ī˫ֽץס̴ľεķָ֣ⶼڷףʼû˵ʲôüҲʼûչ
̨ϵĽɱ˱˼ʵͼû˵ҩ
ͼûУеβڵˡ
ˡ
ǿ޷Զǰ˾ˡľҲþ񽣷תþɽѾɽʽһʹô˱ذܡ
ɰֻһ̡
̤׷粽죬ûüӦѱɿǿ¼йĽкҪȴȫ
˾ͺ޴һܿ죬Լ޴ӣϱ˺öطԽԽҡֻýݺݵ˵ĺֻŻһ£㱻һصؿں󾱣ܸоͷѵĸо
ʮϢʱ䣬·Ľɱ㷴Ϊʤ̨ûӦ˺һ˻
ͼɣ˰˰ٵֵһǧֵˡ
ɶûͼ˵ʲôֻѣѪѾ嵽˺ֱȥ
ָоǲܡ
ǰֳֻܽҧЩĻ̨
״īɫܲ԰ףˡ
īҧأû˵׷˵Ӱߵ佱̨˵˺ܶ޵Ļн˵仰ʱ򣬽ֻҡҡͷһԲ
Ҷ֪گǵŮĬԣԸ˵Ҳ֣Ҳǵ顣
˽󣬷Ž뿪滹Ųܺੲݵ˵Žж
һ·һԲŲӿ죬ԾŽȥһ˵СһСؿһѪڵϡ

ꡭ
˶ˣֻܿ־ԼҪȥָо˵̷ʱʹҲһȥ
ô죿
ңǡ
ܺû뵽ɻͻȻѪһЩţȻ󼱼ææȥ֧һ¡
ܺææ˳ȥģģؿһԶȥĲܺңһ
Ǹҵĵ̣ǸԵˣôΣա
ǿվסؿڵľʹֱͦҪ߳ӡǵҪǿˣǡ
ڴʱһӯĽŲϳʵĳָԼڽǰͣ˽Ų߾˫֣ңǵģ
ָָͣŵһЩªǸīƽչõ

ʽɵ˼һ£յ˵ͷ֧ţ󣬱㳹˹ȥɫ԰׵
С˵ҩ²˵֮ȥҽģת
˵󣬷ͷӦ£ʹƥǰȥӪˡҲתͷȥīͰںȲ裬ûš뿪󣬸īʵô
ĵЦ˲ߣīһ䡣
˺صˣѪ˸
īĬ˰Σʵأ
ɴģȫ³󲻾ˣʮ׼ȥ
īָ棬۵һ˿ɱ⣺ȫɱˡ
ǡ


43 
ٴʱ 󣬺ʱǻоҵĴʹУ ޷Ϣ
ıˡ
 ˡ
Ƕҩģɣ ֻʵһ˯˼գ ԯû
գ İɽ ݱ׺  ûҹǵ鷳
һ ù˹ҩ һ̲סһ
̫ˡ
ҵƣ ҽô˵
˵¶ٶ˼
ҡҡͷҩŵһԣ˵ҽ˵ 񣬱һ¾Ѿ˼ˡ
ϰ֮ˣһ˼ ˲˵Ժн
á
£ Ҳ֪ԯ᲻ֻϣ´ս۲ҪֶԽ
ʲôϢ𣿡
Ȼûбʹ ɱӽҾ˵ͬԽĿߡ
š
Ҳǽ֮еģ۲ĶԽЩʲôΪҪƺ⳯á
˵۰˽뽪ľӪ
ţӡô򡢺в
Լؿڣ˵˾һʹЩܡŽ£ֹˣް
ҸĿ£ҡ
˭
Щ뵽ܻܿӰ쵽Ǻˣ֪˭
Լͷ̾˿һɵĴǽá
΢΢ʵպô
ᡣ
ҡҡͷǾԲܵģѾ̫ˣԼҲ֧䡣
ֻī޸
İɣϾǲŮǡ
һˣѾϰһУȴϰ߸ī밲һĻ档
Ƿɵ˰ɣ
˽
ţ
Ǹλ͵˵ݷġ
š
īɵ󻺻˻ȥϢ
á
Ҵñӣһ㡣
ɱ˫ۣ뵽˸ī˵ЩʲôԼĸ飿
ΪԼˣֲˡ
˼գѾ´߶ˣǲҲܶмԣһ
ī˰˵ԼɽɻظȥԼȥլӣīӦˡ
ȥ˸īگڵլӣǰȺģɵɫЩǣɫܲ԰ף˻δΪβǹȥǵǰ
ްҾӪĻӣ̸ĺõط
ɶ껹ģֻʱ˵ȻֱЩԼûʲôġ
аɣҴȥС㡣
ţˡ
˵ϢҲ࣬˶Ȼأ˸ֻоԼô࣬ûˡ
ԺӺ󣬸īڴѾǳɺ䣬īɴһɫۣ˽ɣ¶һĨº͵Ц⡣
ʶȤ뿪ˣһЩ嵭ĳʳܿīԼ˼ġ
ī
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ˡ
īŽºʵ˵úô
ްġ
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˼
ī󣬽ҡҡͷЦûС
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ң
ûС
ʼղҿī豭˿ڲ裬ȵģůԼġ
ī䵭ģûտԼʱ飬ЩˣΪ뿪
ûС
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밲лԼҡ
ɡ
ī⧲ؽȫýס죬û˵ȥ
Ҳϲ಻ϲദʱ
ǵһμīŭȻɫɱ仯󣬿ȴ̲סЩ
Բ𡣡
ɾøίˣͷ˵Ǹȴϴĺӡ
īŽɵԲҲó㡣
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ʼձܿ˸īҪӵʱȴīס֣Ҫ˵ô
ʲô
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ϣī˽ɵĴĪҪƿҡ
ͷƤڷ飬סеסīǡѾˡ
Ҳ˲ô
ɵըˣΪԼ»صúãû뵽ī֪ġ
ɻģī͵ûܲ͸ǽǶ̼ĵط
Ҳףȡˡ
ī˵󣬽ɵǿһоϢ̫ˣת
˵ϲңף
ԼİѾˣŮԸһ𡣲ɵĺȻͳϲҲ̤ʵ
š
īŽɵԽԽȣ˲԰׵ɫͬʱԼۡ
ûң㻹ô
ᡣ
īû˿ԥ߸˽ɶԭ˽⣬ӳ崻״̬
û㣬Ӧϲˡ
īƮɵĴϣ˵ĴͺѾãѾһ㡣
仰ý쳣ãȴ˺ܶ۾Ÿīǡ
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ܲ԰ס
īָϽɵ
ʵϣɵѾָһѪɫڸոսǵʱ򣬾ͺЩ
ĽɱƽոһЩ
û¡
ɲó߱ԼۣʹܣΪð㱩¶ˣܻЩΣա
СϰߣһʱǸĲ˵ġ
лԼܵüӭϡ
īӸɼвˣҲκܵĽӴ
ʼү
İɣҳֵġ
īһģҲһЩ򴽣һ΢΢
ī״Ҳ˲٣ɳһٷ꣬īסɵ֣˵úˣĪҪˡ
š
һگǣң˱ǡ
š
ɸо˱ĵĸоӦñīĲǡ
Ҳ̫ܳãüˡ
á
Ҫ뿪ɸīûзſֵ˼ȥ
š
īôǣŽɵ֣͵ſڲɿټ
š
ؿһ۸īʲô󣬻Ǵͷתȥ
ȥŴӰȵС㣬ǡ
īǣŽɵ֣īֺܹ
ôˣ
īתͷȥ͸ں棬ʵСϲ
š
ǣǰأ
īͣ½Ųʲô
ңұͲϲˡ


44 
ң ұͲϲˡ
ҲǸīһκȷظ꣬Լϲ¡֮ǰûī˵ϲκһӣֻ˵ϲɣ ԭϲˡ
ֻǣ Ůӣ㾪ף Ŀ
С㣬 밲ĻԼ
ϲȴҪ޸ ⲻǸīķ
а취
ī˶٣ ʵղȥţ ʲôô
Ŷˣ ųկˡ
ʲô£
īص˴  һδ͸Ĳ裬۵һ˿ǣ ˵ʵǷ˳ͻô
ǰС㣬ô֪ģ
ī΢΢üͷ ˵һԱͻҪ࣬Ǳѹ˵ˣ ˡ
Ǹٱ˳ͻΪըҩ壬 ԹٸʮӴ¡
˵ٸرųկ
Щǣ ʵС㣬ٸ᲻鵽̼ϣ
ᣬǲ̼жֻ䵽ųկϡ
īҡҡͷ̹ᣬ̼ǰȫģǲԼĲ·
ʵֻԼ棬ֻЩڵײ˱ĳû
С㣬Ҫô

īűأ˵Ѿûüֵˡ
ǲݵĹӦûǣ̼һа취ȡãûбҪˮ
ǣ֪ˡ
㷣ʵС㣬ųկĻᱻٸô
ᡣ
ī˶٣һں֮ڶò£ٸδ棿
ٸںںԼӣԾųկضᱻ𡣡
ǡ
ųկЩˣȻǿ֧䣬³
֪£ֻηӦ
**
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گûս£Ӫսȴ߽ˡ
ʲô£
ųկǶǹٸ̤ƽˡ
ʲô
ԼĶͷϢ죬мʱ⣬ôͻȻô£
ٸΪλͻȻ̤ƽųկ
վ뵽ųկЩƶİգͻȻ磺𣿡
һֱüͷȻųկ˺ֻܶйһ֮ԵǶˣ˵Ѱ
˵Ǿųկըҩٸ⣬⵽ͷ˲඼ˣʣһЩ档
ըҩ塯֣ٿվߵԣΪλٸͻ
ҵǼٱƣǱѹٱըըˡ
˺˲ĬˣɫֲҰ˼֡
Щ˻᲻鵽ǵϣ
ҵʳӦ֮󣬱Ѽƻ˵ˣ˵֮⣬Ҳ֮С
ųկƳըҩ˱ȥ涨ӦҪôʹá
ҲҪȥųկһˡ
Ҫߣȴסɡ
ףųկһֵǷ꣬ˮٸ»ỳɵϣһץסʹǡ
ɵ˫ž񱻶ڵϣЩء
ʣµˣǴôã
ʵģܿʮֲˡ
ٸŵ塣
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գЦһ󣬱û˵
ûȥЩֵ̼飬˶Ӧܱ

ɡ
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ųկ£˰ա
ǡ
סԼĶͷԼ̫ѨͻͻͻطۣȰ̫󣬲ڻָ
֪ˡ
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ãȥ㵹Щ衣
š
뿪󣬽˺ܶھųկ顣֪þųկƻҩⶫᷴǣɽĴңϣԶᷢ
ϧǶɼˣԼֺγǣ
**
ųկһǶǺگֵ֮÷з⻰ⲻձȥˣͺЩ΢վɢһ
˼գɻȥһ˾ųկؽƺѾʲô£׼⡣ĵ£ȥһ̽
˵Ѿˣ
ţܸҵ⻹ǲһ˺úôģصġ
ҵĵô
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Уٸ鲻ϵģġ
֮ʵܽȥ𣿡
á
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
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С𣿡
ҡ
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ѹ˵ĻᣬֵˣСͰ㿴ˡ
ɿǷɿĽŲҡͷЦֻû½ȥլˡ
Ժӵʱ򣬴ĸī˽Ųʵ꣬ôۻˣ
īתͷȥŷ˲꣬ǽɡϲЦЦҪ˵ʲôʱȴȻӵڻС
ī㶣ŻرŽɣʵôˣ
ûʲô΢΢ұͺá
ˣһ·ѹͷĵʲôоУǿҵС
ʹ书ٸߣٶĹеĽػ˶ˡ
Ըʵ۵ʱҪܵѹʵ̫ˡ
īû˵ɽɱ˺һֱɿ˻
Щ㡣
īû׷ʽɵڷʲô£ĸ㣬ιɵߡЩӦ죬ҧһڣ
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ֻվøߣܸıࡣ
ҪݵıȨҲۼɵݺݵĹٸҲɵиĻȨ
Ұ㡣


45 
Ұ㡣
ī˵úܼᶨ ҲڿЦȫġԭУǸīһϵ֮· հѻӹΣ Լλ
η֮Уī֮ʱ ˵Լϻλ
˵ɡ
ɻر˸ī
ǲվøߣ ûҪǵλȻīҰԶֹ޺ݣ ᡣ
ǵģ ɴӸīпҰģ رܸīԭ
һԼδ̽ĸī
īɵĻرܣ ֹͣ⣬ תܸ㡣˵棬 ɵעҲסԽԽ
ī˵Ǹ¶һڣ Ȼ̲ס˼ڣ̫óˡ
𼱣ǲ˸
īĨĨɵĴǣ ֵֻСè
īԽɵýɾúãֻЦЦҲࡣ
ֻǣ ʱɲ࣬ɼǵðܿͻж
ԭ 漴㷢һ£ʮ̰ȫڳУ 漴ȫðﰲֶΣҲΪ̰٣ġ
ȻЩʵܶ඼һɵˣΪ̰֮£ǷһЩңб֮ҡ
ֻڡ֮ҡѸЩ̰Ʋ˹ϵﰲ֮١ȻµʹռϷ硣ԭ󣬷һֱŽԽɲ飬ñֽ֧Ĺʼҡ
£Ǹī⡣ò˵īʮֶʱƣ֪ʲôʱʲô顣
㲻𣿡
˵ī׼˸㣬ôӦǴԼԵģھֻԼԣԼЩ˼ˡ
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ī˽һС㣬ŵԼƽջҪЩ
𣿡
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ɣ
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á
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ī
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īʣɻ᲻һֱԼʼûʳڡ
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ī˼ɨеɣ˼⣬ýɻ顣
롭
Ҫ˵ЩʲôɸīһӡԼԡ
ʲô
īͷ䵽ɵĶϣǡ̲סһҪֹң᲻ýĥ˵ǡ
㡭
ꡭ
īס˽ɵĴʵҲϲŵ
˵ʲô˾ͺˡ
īɿ֣˽ɵĴָȴĴǡ
ϲˡ
š
īӦһ㣬ȻڽɵĴһǣ˵ܶŵɶûж֡
ɿŸīЦԼ̲סۿҪοʲôȴʲô˵ڡ
ʵҲܡ
üͷ˫۸ˡ
㣬ұ㲻ˡ
ī뵽ʲôӣҪӱܡǴӴ쿴ȥ磬ĵ磬ǻ棬ڸīУһ䡣
ûԼԼһȥȡñˣһ֮УԼ
ֱס˸īӵڻС
Բ𡣡
˵һ䣺Բ𡣡
֮ǰԸīٶֻ뵽ǸҲ밲οˣɳˡԲ𡯣㲻֪˵Щʲôźˡ
˵Բ˲㡣
īҲסɣǸˮˣסľԼȥ
㡭
Ҳš
ˡ
īû˵꣬ҲûУֻǽסþúþ֮󣬶˲ŷֿ
ôˣ
īĨȥϵᣬȻһִδйۣԭ˻ΪԼı˶ˡ
ֻǡ᲻
ԼҲĨȥϵᣬȻӣ̾˿Ҳˡ
š
īסɵվҴδ˵Щ
ΪЩҵĹйأҵĹ̫
֪īĹ˺ܴ˺ʼûпޣһ
īܹԼ˵Щ˵ԼȻرΣ˵ʱ򣬿˵˵˵ǡ
īЦû˵Ž߳Ժӣ˵׼ˣһ˵ġ
¸С
īɿɵ֣ߵɣʵҪŴҡ
á
ī˿ŵµ࣬վøߣעǲʬȥġ
ûȫ飬ûƽµˡ
ɿ˸īֿ͸䱾ʵǣһ˲䣬һָīӦӵλõĸо
ˡ


46 
ʱ ѾˣīԺȾƣŵ߹ȥС㣬 ôԺˣ
ΪʲôҲԺ
갥ѽһ ˿īȹڣʵС㣬 ϲլӵԺô
ţ ǰࡣ
һΪС㲻ϲԺʬ塣
ţǸ֮İ׮ Բࡣ
ī̤Žµ࣬ ºܸɾ ûκκۼ ˰Ժڿ
ݿϢ
ǣ 븵ʫй֮£ ҪʫѺӴɸʫԸ⡣
˶٣ ˰ѸʫѺӴˣʫҪɰԸ
īЦһ Ȼأ
Ȼʫܴ̼Լڷģ ԷԸ˲߳Ժӡ
˵ֵ֮ˣ ʫڳʧ裬 Ǵ˵ˡ
֮͸ʫǶȻҲɶǱݱ飬Ը԰ܴˣĺҲܳ裬ذмӡ
񸵼֮ˣʫˣʧȥڸҵǻɽ¸鱡֮˲ٿһۡ
꣬īŨŨĺ⣬Ĩ⻯˲̵Ц⡣
ֻǿʼ
ī˶٣Ȼҵ첻ݣμҲʲôҪҰѱӦҵġ
С㣬Ҫȥô

īվȥԺǿɣһҪҴǴ
Ϊʲôʤ׷أ
갡
īÿôԼ֣ܾһƤΪīʲô˼ˡ
һ˾͹ʱ侮ʯһֽɵһ˾͹ȼϣʱһӰǴԨǲľ
īְε³֦ѾЦϾϣǽҩҲĶҩ
**
˼죬վɸīնݳŹԼ˼ͽһԼ鷳ΪԼİΣΪگǵʿΪǿ
ȥ˸īʱ򣬸īڰŪԺﻨݡ٣ݲҲչ׼ǲõһ
塭
ɻδīī㿪˿ڣ껨о裬̬裬ޣǴ쿪Ļ֮һ
īϲ
ţϲĻ
ʲô
īûлشɣֻЦЦʵСĪд𰸣
š
ǶԻʵûȤҲûоᾪĻʲôֻԼ뷨˵
նݳϡ
š
īһĨЦ⣬й⣬Խֶ˼֮⣺Сûʧ
īһȥϴϴ֣˵һΪȥжģĽʿԸͶ£
ôı˳»鵽Ҿ£Ҳɽ·䡣ˣǽǲģɻҪʿ
£һδ˼
Ϊѵص̸Уǲܵġ
ǾͲ̸С
գһʵĪīа취
Уʲô;
ЩǣʵɻΣգ
ᡣ
ȫǰȫⲢǾΪңԽңһºұűȨת㡣
ɲǻɸīǵȷǣ㣬㲻Σô
ᡣ
ī΢ֻСΰҲûǰ䡣
ҡҡͷЦֻƽ
īŽֿ񣬺Ȼ˵ɵҲȫ޵
ˣôôɵأ
īתܿɵ񣬲ֽ˽ô׼Եġ
á
ӦīţԼȥƫԺꡣڴЩģ㵽߿һЩʲôŶ
ϸЩִƺһЩ͹ʲôؿءɺֹȥȴīסˣ
תͷֻīüͷƺʮֲϲԼĶǸ
ǻأǷ̿͵ġ
īɵ֣㣬ǿô죿
ΪīǲԼĶû뵽ǵԼˡЦЦļůܹû£ҲóȻġ
һֱֻô
ҳõġ
īŽ£ֹƺв˵顣ɲˣת˻⣺ʲô˰
׽ɵᣬīллᣬҲ˳Ļ˵ŽջԵķˡ
˾ɵĻ⣬緹󣬽ɱȥӪˣʼնδʹص顣
ꡣ
Զ󣬱ꡣ
ǵС㣬ʲôԸ𣿡
һֱݣ԰ɣ
ǵġ
һ۸ī۵Ѫɫ֪ɱģҲ֪ʲô³
ҰһЩ¡
á
긵ī˵üͷһܾɽǲƽˡ
**
ɵҪԸ˼ļƻҸ뿴īᷢʲôж
ԯһνгսû֣վڳǽϿʿǺ͸оɱﲻζֻΪ˳õļƻֻܸվţʲô
ԯ˾ֹ֧֣Σս˰¡ûнɳ֣گǵڽɸýɾֵǣԯڶսʱƺӦˡ
Ǻ֪گβһ
²Ѱ
δɵѪָۣӪͷһ֪ǵĲʶǵս
ԣһֱбսǺѵԯĹ
ƽҲ³죬һ⡣
ҲΪǼϸΪ
ͬǵ˵վڳǽϰһжԯȷѲˡ
ǲڹ
˺ụ̈˲ˣѾٽ㣬ھܾ֣һɱˡ
ˣҲǸһϣΪǾӪڵˡ
ǻ˭
ǰһƽסʾ侲һ㡣
ں޲گǳģ˭
һŭԯܶǵĲ鱨ģһϤ֮ˣǽ˼ǽ
˶Ҫȥɱǣ
Ҫߣϱס侲
ʱ˽ҲвƤˣʮǱô˭ɵģ
˼
ƽ˵ϵǽ
Ϊʲô
ɺôô˵
Ѳֵʿ˵Ƕǵɫ¥а֮á
˶٣½˼Ҳ֪ûи߽
Ȼ߽
Цһ˼޲ýô̳нһеģֻʣһˡ
ࡣ¥֪£½ĵλͻ᳹ױ˼ȡˡ
Ǳǽ˼Ϊˣ
δԼ˾Ȼ˽ͨУسǾǲʵȥĽʿ
²ɳ嶯ȵ˵ԯʹ˰ݡ
ɵ䣬ֽճȭ
Ҫý˼ʿǵĻ꣡


47 
گǺԯս϶һʱ䣬 ԯв˱
ʱ䣬ҲһЩ£尲ʮ̰۹ ʽ׶ΡɶԴ±ǲģ 黹͵ǰ
˵ЩԶ𡭡
˵˼֣һͬף ˵ǰ дЩһɵˡ
˸մݹϢӦģ Ͼʲôܡ
ɳĬ ڸʱͰѰһɵ˼˵ЩǲҪĹ ǷǰԼˡ
ⲻֹȥԶ ԭ
ڵǰԼץ һ󡣲ȴýһĺ ɱΰ˫ۣͬȥȫԼ ǰγ
ȻԣǸīıײߵģĪǡ
ɾҲˣ ˡ챾Ҫȥīģɡ֮ҡǰ¼ԺУī ־ԼùʸīĴ·ʽ
£ɻ˹ڽ¡Ѿɫ¥һˡīҲӦһºԼıȨת飬 ôīЩʲô
´÷зҲѾ֪ˣ Ӧúܿͻקȥ
**
ɫ¥ֺŷڣҴɣ˿һڴϣ־壬Ҳ֪뷿ʲôˣֻ֪ǸŮˡ
ˣү㡣
ӴվվȣǳŸīȥġȥץīǣһŲļϣֹǰ
īһ۲ӻóһֽȻҽľӡӡȥϲô
ϲϲ
һɵˣ֪īʲôŮֻȥҪץסĽţȴһ߷ȴۣڿЦ
ϲĻԶɣ
īֽϸؿһ飬ջػС
ãԶ
̯˫֣ҪץסʲôһЦն
Ը
īӻóһԲεĺӣӵϣ԰ɣ˱Զôˡ
ǹŵʲôóԵһץԲκӴ򿪣ͷͷĵҩȫ븹С
߰ɡ
ǣС㡣
**
ī뿪ɫ¥Ȼȥϴ˸裬Ȼ뽪ȥլӡ
īң
š
īӻóֽݸ˽ɣԼľӡӡȥˡ
ƣֽȻתñȨݣͷдţԼһ书ؼݵıȨ
滹нľӡǻʵľӡЧ顣
⡭ôģ
īЦֻ˵ϰݱʱʩչ书ʶ˽ɡ
Ȼûʲô˵ҲȻʲôҪѱȨԼ
ô
Ȼڹɫ¥죬Ǵһܳϵġ
İɣûлˡ
ɺΪʲôøīӦԼֽлл㣬ī
֮䣬ֺԣ
ЦЦڸīףҪлл㡣
īϲɵǣŽɵĴǣص˱ĴŹ
ҲûһʼʱɬҲû̫£ֻǵøī˵ʵǲϲ̫׽ġ
һֱš
˳緹󣬽ɲ뿪ֻǣû뵽ŸճլӣһЩϢ˹ɫ¥
·̵ʱģоĵطȱľǰԣֻû뵽ǽࡣ¥Ϣī˵Լڽࡣ¥īʲôֶΣ
ڽ׼ʱЩ˵Ե˱˵˳˵ʳ̫࡮硯ġ
̫ȺˣΧһ˵ͣʳܹ֮һˡսˡɲЩԻȴЩңܾýʳ¸īѲ˸ϵ
ī˵ûԼеǰ䣬ԭôô
صӪ󣬽ɱڱȨתϸϾӡ÷ȥձӣǴڽٽС
Ǳȥһ˵ģҪý֪£˼ͬʱձ࣬»ᷢͻ
紫Ϣ㵽ˡʬ˵ǣ׼ٰ񡣽Ϣ󣬲˶˵Һ͸ǰһӣȥҲ֪ͼʲô
ϸ֮ͽʵǸīɱģȻ죬ȴвīֻε֡
룬иīıԣǸī϶ϵΡ
ǳɥһѹء
**
ʱж¾ȥ˰ǲμӽɥ˵뽪ҵĹϵѾֽӦȥһˡ
λȰ˵ЧֻýɹᡣȫᶼŽⳡɥҲԽɲֻ·ʲô£ýɵ˼ذˡ
һǣȴûг֣յͳûлЦƺǱլӵոȾˡ
ǣֱǱԶԶܿڤֵſڡܼҼû⣬ֻС㣬ȥɣүڵ
š
λܼһֱڰｪҴǵլӣ뽪ֻйһ֮ԵɶӡǺ̵ġһΣԭ·ǣλϹܼҽӴԼҪչ˺塣
ȻֻǼϵĹģԭǸоůϾЩĵĻ˵ڡ
լӹ˰׳صֽǮŽҴڿޣΪ˿̵龰ա
ȴ˿ûܵӰ죬ϾǵԭԭûУʬҲ֪ӵĸڡ
ʱ˶עĿǴˡ˳ȥ־͸˽һ⣬ûֻؿ
ɨǣһһ㣡
ܿͱŮߣľȻߵǰ˰ݣ㣬ͺƾԼαˡ
˻ԱǶ뽪ɴɾͰվһԣվڿһС˼ݺݵؿһۣȴûκʧľٶ
ߵǰ˵лҪ˵
ƽ࣬ͷҲ˲٣ӵı飬㹻ͷöˡ
ãҲлҪ˵
ŽɽԺ鷿ڣ£ɽɲûС
ʲôҪ˵
ȿڣɱóűȨת飬ûнԼдý
̫Ѩͻͻۣɤʵйϵô
ܰѱȨɣƫƫʱ޶֤Ȼˡ
ࡣ¥УԸʶ䣬Һθɣ
ܰݱȨø㡣
ȻݵıѾˣ಻Ϊʲô书ؼתñȨ
뽪˼һ򲻶̣ܰѱȨҽһʱˣҾͲ㲻Ϊν˼֪鲻
ɴʹȴûŭֻЦǰҽҵȷʲôö
䣬ɵʱ򣬶˼ֳЦ⣺븵īãΪҵжã


48 
븵īã Ϊҵжã
ЦһΪīӽͺĿô
ī֣㷣 Ӧ Ҫת뿪ʱ򣬽֪Լô
ɶס˽Ų תͷ򽪲 Щ𾪣Ǻ棬 ȷ֪Լ
һʲô
һģ ֪Դһ֪֪Ƕ˵ Ǹī Ҳ֪ ûи㡣
㵽˵ʲô
ɺý˵Լ ɽôԼԸ
Ǹøīҵìܣ԰ɣ
վ ЦɣǳζìܣҾѣ·ˣ ô򸵼ҡ
ߵǰҪֻ֪Ҫƿ㣬 ݻǴ벻ľϲλ֪ݣ 
ҵʲô
ɲϲθڣҧгݵҡ
ûлشɵ⣺˵û ҵȷ㣬Ϊ͸㿴ˡұ㣬λ֪Ĵڣˡ
ЦЦī֪ȴ㣬ҲΪ㡣
㲻Ϊλ֪븵īô
һһģ֪ܿ䣬ͬʱҲ֪˵ʵ
Ӳ˵ĻĵĴǻԣʵ
ºϢܶ˵֣˿ԼݣϢǸīԼġ
ǲŵɫʹ죬ЦҾѵȻãô㽻ãݣԸڵΣұһֻԼӣ¶Ը˵ֻ׬⡣
˵
ûк˵жϣСͺܴģô
˫ָЦݣҵȷϲ㣬ԽұԽ¡
Կޣɸĸī㿴Ķߡ
Щ㱣˵Ļ뵽һЩؼĵطȴ˼ȥ·֮
ҵǡ
ʸīȥɡ
תص̴ľϣȷ㣬һжܺá
̫ظ飬ߣһ
û˵Ҳûʣת뿪뿪լӣǺصһƮƮ̤ϻگǵ·
**
ɻصӪκ˴Լ̫ʦϷŴ
˵ģЩǶԵģЩǴģĵطǣīڸңǵжġʲôΪνǼɵ̲סԼã
סԼĶͷ𽪲˵ģǸīн´ȥģԼʮĺ
ԭԭżī˼䣬ȴˡԭʹܾĥС
ĪԭУī罪˵ԭżĿĵģΪıǻԭӣ˽ļƻϾԭУԭ븵ī޽飬ôֻлһ˵˵ͨ
īԼֺαȣֺαԼʱΪԼޣ벻ףý˵еͬʱֲŸīĻôԼ
ɿϣ̾һɵԶ᲻һ˿
ԼȥҲûãֱȥʸī
ƭԼġ
**
Ҹīֻǽɵɫ̫ãīܾʲôҪˡ
꣬ȳȥ
ǣС㡣
ȥʱ򣬻ĵشš
Сΰʲô𣿡
ɴӽɥñɫأīвӣ¶͵Ц⡣
û˵ʲôŸī£ŵīʲôô
īŽǳγһʱ֮˵īûӱܽɵ񣬾ͺƱɵ٣һЩ
ɼīûлش￩һ£ʣǲ֪ҵ
ī˱䣬ɽ޴ӣֻȵУС
֪ģǰɣ
ɼīˣˣҲӸīеõ˴𰸡
ΪʲôǶң
ɽüͷ𱸣ҲʧΪīֵԼεˡ
ǽ֪˽¼棬ϢȥĶ𣿡
ɼīɳĬı³£߳ۿǾǿ¡
һ䣬˵Ҳ㣬ҶǸ
ץסī֣ڣ˵һ֤ԼǴĻ
Ҵȥġ
īڿ˿ڣܿ˽ɵȴȥе⣬ֵҺġ
Ϊʲô
ɱץסīֻſģǰˣƿˣδ
ͽѡ
īҲѣȴֱӽɵ۾¿Լʧȥ˵ʵԼԼóĻѻαװȥƭɣý뿪Լ
Խ˵Ķġ
ɶ˶٣ԳҲҡ
㻹ʲô
øīһι˵꣬ԼģԸī֮ġ
ī˵ֻǵ˵һ䣺߰ɡ
ī
ֱضŸī۽£ʵҵĸ飬ҲǼٵô
īҧأԼȥŽɣҪشЩʲôȴʲô˵
ɳĬؿŸīް޹⡣
ˣīԭһ۽ǻ£ͺڳЦ˿̵Ǳ
С㣬׷ʲô
ʱǻŵģǿ뿪ģίһ
ϣʱԼСҲûãίģۡ
Ѿööûмīˡ
С㣬ôˣң
ڸīĽűߣҪΪĨᣬ־øīȻϲ˴Ĵ
֪ˡ

ꡮһ󣬲ź֪׹ʱɫ䣬ʵǿô죿
ҶĸǲǼٵġ
갲š
ûܻش𡣡
īԼͷһȻˡ
С㣬
ҲںΪʲôһ㣿
ҵȷƭ
īԳЦЦټĴȻÿÿ£ϢĹ¶񺣳Ϯ
ϣҶĸ飬ж棿
ī꣬˺۵ģЦǲŵġ
С㡭
겻ףЩ˶Щʲô
꣬Һ񡭡ʧȥˡ
**
ϣúܿ죬ɻطŸīһУͼҳһ㸵īֿ֤ݡ
ʧŭʴЩ棬ŤԼļ䣬޷ȥжϣҲ޷ȥ˼
Ѫӿ֮ʣؿһʹһһۡסҪͣ£ȴԼʹ󷢺ڡ

ɲ֪Լﵽ̲࣬ܿвޣε
ͨ
ɴˤ£ˤӲĵϣͷǱˤһ˶Ҫǻʹһ𣬾³һѪ
Ѫ³ͺ³еļ֣˹ȥ
εڽϣֻճһŲҰ
ͬһֻɢڻĽҰеĹ»Ұ


49 
ɲ֪Լںڰжȹ˶ʱգ ֱͼŰɢǿ£
ͼι˯ˣ ˡ
ûлػ ԼΪλԡ
ˣԼˣ Ϊī
ɣûɣ
ͼͷ 㶼԰ˣϽ
Լ԰Ϣ ʵŵòᣬ ǿԼ˫ۣ Ƥ̫ˣ 
  ǲҪˣ
һϤһ˵ ģ
һ˹ţӦðɡ
һŮӵģ ƶʲô鶼⣬ԼҲ⣬ֻǷܵӦһ䡣
ϧ ɻûѹ
ڵڶѹģǼªķӣ ֮ڿеҩζܿࡣ
иŮ˻ һۣЦһӲ
ɲ֪˭ǰʵģֱһѹ
ܺ
ѹϤ
ˣô
Ůƿ˲ܺɵ˸Ƿ˻ˣιҩС
Ҫȥ˯ˣҡ
˵꣬Ů˾ˡ
ܺѽȻιһЩˮ΢ָʵң
ԣллأ͵ڻĽҰ룬û㣬Ҫǵȥˡ
ܺ˵ʱ򣬻˿ŵı飬ںСһýɷЦ
û뵽ԼεˣȻԼһ
лл
û˵ʵûǿ˿ܡһܼªķ䣬ﻹҩӣЩңԼ齾ʱڳģⲻǲסķ䡣
λ˭
ɺ棬ɽҰ֮䣬ȻһλŮ
֪
ܺԼͷʱҷ㣬ֻűˣҷвã·øҩ®
ûݣ𿴴죬˻Ǻܺõġ
һĴʹд޲ٳһżҩԼֹͣ
ûаŻؾӪ
Ӳˣ߲ӣʲôһ
գ˵ĪŶݼף
֪ǴҪչҲ߲
ʧܾˣ
ܺû˵ɫȴЩگǵĺĴڣʧôãܶġ
Ҫȥ
С
˵ĲǲܺλŮ˵Ҫȥ˯Ů۷ؿ˽һۣĻǾ㡣
ұ֤ʮڶ߲
Ů˫ֱأһʲôԼҪ
گǣҪگǣָ·
ŮҡҡͷҸѡ񡣡
һԼ߳ȥʮ죬ҵķԸ죬һȥ
λŮòʮͷýģ̬ȴĽ෴ǿӲúܣ־þӸλİ
ｹ˼λŮǸЭˣӦã졣
Ů˳ǣ·˵ʶ࡯˽һƿˣ˺Ч
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İɣСɵǮ࣬ҺöǮ
ŮüЦȻͷҶ㡣
ллˣǮ°ˡ
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ľ㣬Żġ
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š
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ĵģܺԼôֻҪԼһɡԼ
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ˡ
ŮѲҩԡͰ󣬱·Ͱš
ûΪʲôԹԵӣɵŮЩȣһΪЩʲô
Ȼ˵Ҫ죬Եһҽ
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úõһŮӣ϶һǳǳ˺ۣӦùҩ˺۲ôǳ
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˰ʱңŮؿڣݾһЩܵϵİ̺ۡ
ۣǳǳغţѾʼϰЩ̱ǵҩζˣҽãΪڴ˴
ҾͰܵô
Ůһۣ漴Ǹīɡ
û˵ī֣Ҳ͸¶ԼκϢ
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ǽŮ˵ûйԵĻȻ仰˺ȴһʹ˵ίʹӡ
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ɵ֮ô
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ŮûлӦ㡮һ£˵Ϣ֮󣬽ɺƲŷӦٶ۵ؿ˿ڡ
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벻⣬ÿÿǻʹ·ȥҪġ
Ůҽ飬ƺ˽븵ī֮ľ⣬Ůһʱ֮Ҳ֪λش
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С
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ȷҲøīԸīÿһ£ǷΪ񣬶ĵġ
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СѾͷܶ鶼ǷǺڼף˵ĸЩ¸Ǹӵöࡣ
ŮŽĲʵþûģľûãǼ뼫Ľ˵أ


50 
 ŮԼˣϧʼûи߽Լ֡
ɵѾ࣬ò̾Ůҽ ǿŻҩ֭뿪ǰŮ߽ɺͲܺҪ뿪ط ɾ͸ȷŶݼ֮ˡ
ܶˣ䳬һʱ ҿɲȥͬԭȥ
Ů˵ ɵ˵ͷӦˡȻദʱ䲻 ǽҲ˲ܺΪ˵λŮ춹ˡ
ѾĹˡ
ڡ
˭Ҫټ㡣
˵꣬ Ůתصҩ® ֻǿЦ Ͳܺ뿪ڽҲԲܺ˼˽⣬ Ӽҳģ ͵˼ﲻƱֻΪʵԼΡ
ûĻ һ·ҲƭǮɵ㶵ģڻ˵ҪԼΪʦ
˰ʱ߳ƬŷǶǳǽһƫԶĻĽҰ롣
Щգ Ҳ֪Լʱôġ
ûнǣòܺҪƥȻһ·۳һȥگǡ
һ·ϣ ܾЩԾﲻԾ յԣǷʲôõһ
ٿЩ
 ȵҰ
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ڻˣ

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ƽ˵󣬽ʵȥʱǸɽկΣ
˲ˣкܶ඼ɽ޺һбɽկ࣬޺費Ӧû
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š
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š
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һģ뵽޺ΪȥԼŻᱻ鱨ƭ˵ɱҲ̲סԼᡣ
ţ̲סʣӪ֮⡣ǽҲֻܶţҪһƬ죬ʿǲй
ôһɣһޣΪȥѡ
**
Ӫ⣬ƽΧŲܺѽʧʱ鶼һ󣬲֪ȥ
Ϊν˻Ḵ˵ôأ
ʵ
֪
̯̯֣ܺȻӪʣĵص˵ԵʱϽһ˵֡
˭
ǡī
ܺ˵ɻоȣв⡣
ôˣܿô
ƽͷһۣ˵ֻǴŲܺȥϢ׼ˮʳȴһָ
һкƽȥ˷Ӫʣȷ˿󣬲ŵǸīý˵ģ»᲻һֲ߻߻ģʲôĿģ
֪ںô
ռ鱨ʱһ⴫ȥ֪ιʳٳδлţţѾǺҹˡ
ƽӦ˸īĶĿһжڰɵĻϣͷɻˣԼˡ
ȥ
Щ¸īģ뵽ɵľأ뵽޺³


51 
ȥɽׯ ƺӭСģ
ǡ
СԲڴ͡
ؿһۣ ӾҪȥ ץסļ֮÷Щȡ
书
ֱ̧Ӱִߣ ƺ˾ һȭֱȡʺ׼  һƴ ֱۡ
Ҫʱ ͷԵ ֣ һ䣺С㡣
꼱ܽ żȻøīƺǱŽīź˳԰Ѫ Ŀɢȷ˲
С῵Ϣô
īڷѾ㲻˳Ѿʧ˰ˣ İѰˣʮֽ
ˡ
īˣ ԰׵ϸһ˿ϲɫ˶ʻ˲٣ˣ
ī˹Ľɣ ʵĻͻȻ˵ڡĬ˼Ϣ󣬲ŵûУ֮ǰˣˣΪһЩԭ򵢸飬ڲŻ
˵ֻīһ˵ǾͺãǾͺá
Ҫ㡣
īϲУɼɫأĶʱֳȥ
ţȽȥ
Ÿīīȳȥɡ
겻޵ؿ˷һۣŲ鲻Ը뿪˴û£ֱʵˣɵģ
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˵󣬸īۣ󰵵ΣЩ
޺ǼأΪٲŻţ
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ˡ
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󣬷ǵˡʱŽʵС㣬ûжôɣ
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ˣ񰲶ᰲʿǣȺһ֪ԤǵΪ
š
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Ҫҵˡ
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С㣬ڽô
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գɴ󣬱˳ǽԶϦҪ˵ʲôŷ־վԼԼ˲ˡ
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ҲṥŹء
ŹأگǺʹ̫ƽ޺һֱԸһ
ţһŲӽʶػͷȥǲܺܺھӪΪ˺ü죬ԹӡеĸӵܲһýɶٴιĿ࿴

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š
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á
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ᡣ
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ңҵ
ǽ֪ģΪν͸īҪԼԼݵʲôֵ˷Ѿ˼
ֻǲ²⣬ɽӦҲἰұȷˡ
Ǿ֮Ů
˵ʲô
𾪵ò㵯Ѻͼ˳ˣľֵͻȻǺøߣ
ɣ⡭
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ܡ
Ĵػȥ֮ǰΪʱ޸֮һĽҲȥ
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ī̧ۿɣƵصΪټĴػĹؼ
Ĵػߣֱݡ


52 
Ĵػߣ ֱݡ
ɵһоѹȵģѹ
ǰһ꣬ һֱ仰
īֲһ䣬 ɲ΢˿κ˼Щң ˵Ҳ԰ˡ
ţ ȷԣ˵˶ˣ λô
ɽס ЩѾõ࣬ ӸīĿ˵ ҿһ档
޽ 򵥡
īԣ ̬ƶһ£ҿԿ϶޵ Ѳ˸ϵ
סˣŸī۾ҵһ˿īҲȷ
ƭ ɽȴ޷ԼϲŸī
㻹Ҫʵô
ī̬ŵˣƺֻҪҪ ܰԼķζͳɿŸīѾܾûйָоˣ о˵ദܱŤŤš
Ҳ֮Ů ǲǾͻһ߿
ᡣ
ī÷ɿ죬æͣͺ½һ֪㣬Ҫɵ飬ҵļƻС
üͷƺ̫ش𣬶īֵܿҲļƻС
ʲô˼
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īŽɣҪˮǧҪ˵ȴܿ񣬷ϥϵֽճȭͷȰԼҪǰŮ˵ĵ
ϲ㣬ϣҵ㡣
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ļƻʲô
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īûаѻ˵ֱ̫ףɽ˵ʲôԭľ͵Լ˵ĻҪʲôˡ
ݵĻλ
īӿʮֲǸûаȫеˣļƻܣһУѳﻮ˶ޱ˵ڿƤûʲô
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˲̧̫ͷʱɲŵһûԭ¡
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֪㻹˺ܶ࣬岻ã´˵ɡ
ˣһֱ۸ī֪˻ĺһ棬ȴֹסۡ
ڵ˵һůĹĻֻԼ޷ԭҲ˺ɺܺ¸īڴһʧַɵˤȵ׵ζɲٳһΡ
븵īһ𣬽֪ī϶ԼΪīûаȫУֻԼɲҪīϰߣϾԼķǱűƭţǲܡ
˼ﲩģýЩƣ
˵ʲô
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īܴһ˻ŵҶĵġ
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ղ뿪ʱ򣬻Һúչ㡣
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ţһġ
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صӪ󣬽ɵɴ崻״̬Ϣ̫û취һ
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ΣŹܵΪ֮ô˭ԸŹأ
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һǰһĽţ۳ɳöࡣ

˽ɵ˼ɽɻл㱵ģ״̬
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˼顯֣£á
ݺڳǡ
ڳǣ˾ۼĵطͷܶ඾С⡣ųˣöʲô˻ȥڳǡ
ڳǣҪ
뵽ЦɱҰɡ


53 
յ˸īţ ˵԰æԸ˼顣
ɿе֣˼˰Σյظȥ ˵ллĺ⣬ ˡ
һ۽ɣ΢΢Ӧ¡ܿɺ͸ī֮ìܱԼлҪ īʱﶼûյĹâˡ
֪īΪԼʲô ڻ븵īǣҪֽ˼顣
ѽ
ϵ½ ųһ˿ ɳɱʱ ɱ
 ˼ںڳǣ Ҫô
ƽʵ Ȼһֵ£ƽ˺Ѿ˺üˡ
ȥܺ
ɶ˶٣ ֵܺף˼鲻֪ѧ׷粽Σ㹻Ա
˵ֻƤë ҲѾˡ
ܺϾˣȥĺô
ܺǶݲܼҵСӣ ǸƿصĵطΪ׸ĲܼҲܸһϵûС
ƽԲܺн䱸ġ
ÿܺĵǲҵġ
Ҳ̽˼ Ȼ֮ǰѾ۲ܾãɽɲġԴӱīƭ ɶ˵ѿڣ޷ȫһˡ
ɲܺȥִʲô񣿡
ƽʵ֪书ƽƽ˼ܹΪЩʲô
ȥơ
ںڳǣܶ࣬ȴǸصĴڡڳǵĹƲûд˵ô棬ܹɱΣֻ涾ڳǵĹƱ𶾸ǮĲܺȥٺʲ
ɻǵԼָܺʱ۷ģ˲ݸ
Խ˼ùƣ
ƽʵԴ²ûý˼øʹ࣬Լ۲Ʋȥܺơ
ԡ
ǰмЩֶȥԸˣڲֻͬԱ֮ʩҲֶǷ񱰱ɡ
һòܺ˷Ƶҩ
ƽһ̽һ䣺ĻӦûỨܶǮɣ
ǧƱӦⲻ˵İɡ
˵ƽȴƽʧɫǮ˵統
İɣʹܺ˵û⡣
ɶ˶٣ƵҩھӪΧģһ˼ɱĲңӪǾͺ鷳
Щ׼ܲġ
վӪȥƽں档
ô
úܶˣнڣƽ˺ܶࡣ
ǾӵĹǣڣһжȶǡ뿪̫⧲ƽԹȶģԼҲڻ֮Уһжһ㡣
룬ʵԽɵΡ
뿪ӪʣɿԶʿ֣һ֪޺ڴж˺ۡ
ƽһæ
˵
ΪھӪҪȥһˡ
á
**
ҹȥˮСʿۼĵطҲǴԵĵطεˮСϰ壬֮ǰҲϰ¡
˵ǵô
ϰ屾ʿڵӣگǶˡϰѺͻƷʱ򣬴ɽϾһ˵Ĺϵά
š
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̫֣
֪ǵҺܿͻᷢҷ֮һɵ˻ܵ˵ֻǺϵܴɲѹ
ֻۼıȲīԼҪ𴩰Ĺƣôͬڸīԡ
ҲܾᣬòΪԼĴ롣
ͼ㻹ͦ⸵ī
ɣ㣡
ɲԸϣòԼȷںī
ڵ
ϰ˵С¹شȻǲ˵ģֻ˵ģ֪α
ţ֪ˡ
ɵ֪ǵǻҪһʱŻᷢңôҪʱ𴩰Ŀѡ
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һ¡
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뽫ƺҲûжϵԾͲ֪ò˵
û¡
ôɸīûеģϾʫ͹ɱɱҲ˵Լа취Ӧ
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뿪ˮС󣬱ҪȥɿگֵĽֵĴѤĵƹ⣬گһһȵĹڡ
йգÿףʱ䶼һԢϣ뷱٣Ȼʲôգɻǻֵ֡ŵƽʣ˷ˮƣ˷ſƣѺҹʮйա
칫̧ͷźҹȽȽĿƣǳ貣ҲЩ
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תͷȥžӳɫĵƻҫϣΪһ⣬o
ī΢΢ЦЦȻеĵɵϣСΰտ֡
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ôˣ
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īŽɵ䣬˵㶼֣û㣬ʶһĹڡ
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ͼ
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أ
ѾͷˣڸԵİɡ
ÿιڣ궼ܿģſ˳ԣſ棬īҲ
аţġ
ī·֪Լʲôһ˵˳ýɵĻںϲµЩܡ
һεǸīһ̹ԼаԼҷǳ򵥡
ǿҪˡ
š
īԴ˲û⣬ֻӦһ׵ؾͱ紵ɢˡ
ٱĹԱУԼµˣ˼ô
ͣ½Ųתͷīֻҡҡͷǡ
ҵȷ˵ԽᣬѹôٱʲôˣҲûв֡
ī⽪ɰԼ㲻ֶεˣΪˡϣȷûиԤΰ£ɰʾиġ
Ҵ𴩰Ŀð֪βֶεġ
š
īҲֻӦһƺûʲô
㲻ֹô
ֹ
īɣ֣صصҼƻҪˣҵƻȻ


54 
ƵĻڶϣ Ÿī룬ɺȻ羲ֹˣֻʣˡ
Ҫҵı ô
룬 ԼܲټĴػδ֪ԼеıǿɱõʱīʹԼ뽪˼ַ ôԼʧ· ֻվԼıҲͳı
ϲֱõĸо ɲò˵ īļıͶԼܵλ Լôļƻ֮У ޷԰Ρ
ԡ
īֱϲ䣬 üͷȴԾ ƺʮֲϲ̹׵Լɷˣīں׼֮˵ʵ˵Լļƻʱ ¶ʹɫ
ͺ񱻱˰һƤһ
֪īܹһٸȥƭԼûУԸԼóܵķʽ ҲҪԼ˵Щ
Ÿīô
Ǹī£Լ붼ûġ
λһԺ ýɴһĵ· ʱ֮ء
īڽɵֱϣָ΢ ý˲ع
壬ɺЩˣ
ţöˡ
ɻ֮󣬸ī·ҩһ㣬ϺתձѾȬˡ
û˵ӱߣīŽ£СʱҲ׹ȹڡ
īҪһˮȴʶסˡɱҲôȴһȻˣֻܵˮ
еĿʱ⣬
ī˰ǳһĨԳЦ⣺׾լʱҲˡ
լ
ɺʣܸоȥǽҿī˰̣׽˹ؼʡ䡯
ǲζţҲԸīã
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īЦһǰƯˮƣͷдˡϼƽԸʱøΪ̡
˵ˡ
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ҵȷʲôˡ
īתͷɣҲϲѻͷεض˵ΪǻʧȥȫС
಻ϲ˵Сʱ飬ΪҵƤ֮£ǹŰ಻Լ
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Է㣬֮ⶼСѧġ
ʵ˵һ㡣
Сῡ
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һʱҭī˵Լʱǻĵģ˵ǡʶ㡯
أô
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ۿᣬԼҵĺ󣬲ŵΪǸλã
⣬īʹԼܶ飬ҲõǳȷĴ𰸡
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īƣܿȼյĺص˺ۣЩǽ붼ġ
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ī˶٣Եֶβģİġ
ī
ûסǻ֣ǽգ˵Щˡ
̧ͷҹннԶĿƣֵҲ֪ô㡣
޷
ΪЩʲôһᣬô
īᣬȥЩ޺󣬸ɾ
һվʱˣҸûȥˡ
ȥɡ
īҲվҡҡͷأܰȫ
á
˼ӦŸī͵ĵת뿪žӪķȥ
īǸнԶˣ۵׸һ˿۽˼Ц⡣
վˡ
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Ǳ£ܰȫģѾѧˡ
ܺ򿪰ͷкܶƿƿ޹ޡЩƿƿ޹޴򿪺ͷǷĩɫķĩһ˲佪ɲܺǲϻ
ܺʼЩƿƿ޹ޣʲô򼶾߶ȡúͨܺʼǵĹЧʱҶò
ʲôá߿Ѫ𽥸á
Щѣ֮󣬶᳤
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ˣ
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ΪܿͻԼ̸ǳ£Ƿˡ
˵ǡ
˵ǰ¶ô
Ѿˣ⼸Ӧþͻᴫ
á
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ôһӦסǻ᲻ᱬҲһ
ڻûôθܹѽľӳ£ֻܿƺ⣬ϡʱ͸ˡ
£Ȱѽ˼ˡ
**
˼գǹȻϢ˵ץԼɱ永ԱҲվ˵ԼҲѹ֬࣬ݶʱһƬңȻǵȴʱֹˡ
ЩԺЩǣС㣬᲻Ӱǵļƻ
ᣬССְˡ
ī˿ڲ裬Ȭ֮󣬸īɫָˣ˼ֺҲЩ
³ɣң²ɣҪҡ
īЦЦ֮ʣ۵һ˿һֱ˫Ӯ档
ôӦúܿ
ᡣ
ī²ˮƽ˵µĺݴǹˡ
˿˵ʵҲϲ¹磬ɱɵ¶ǡ
С㣬˵˼ȥɡ
ˣīЦݽߡ
Ҫʹˡ


55 
ɿǰˣ һ£ߴͦΣһ˫ȴǲ⣬ ҿԼʱûа㾴⡣
 Ҽҽ͵š
˸ɵݹһţŰϣ ŵҴζ
ţ йƶ
װʵشţͷݴžΪǰµǸ ɽû濴ꡣ
óԼдõţ ˣã ҲһҪ
Щɣ ǽˡ
ֿ˿ɣ ƽվţ üת뿪
뿪 ýƷݹˮϴ֡ʱʵʹ
š
ò˲֣ϣ һ뷨Ѿͳȥˡ
Ǿ͵ſϷˡ
ЦЦһֱĿУ ޲õɽ޺ǻƮɢĵط ĳܿͿԱˡ
ô죬Ҳɡ
Цһ ޺裬̷ȹҹ뿴˼鵽ʱ״
ʶԼжһȥڳǡ
˵˵ȥʱڡ
ɲÿɷ˵һ䣺ɣʱ飬鲻ãٹ졣
սһΪ֮һĽ˼鶨ȻϸڳǣƻҪݴһЩʱա
ʱ䣬ˡ
ҲϢڰһͷԩ¼ݡ
˵󣬽ɵ˵ͷЦӦúܿͻˡ
ҪЩ¸ô

һԵĲ½ϸزãɵΪ̫Ұ̫ҵñֵñһЩҡ
ʱ䣬Ҫƺ⽪ʲôء
ˡ
ֽЩ仯ˣҲ֪Ǹ˭ѧġ
һ£īگˡ
ˣ
īگǣĪô
һš
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ã֪ˡ
ޱذŷ£²Ÿī˼֪ҪԼʲô¡
Ҳ棬ɾԼȥɡ
ͼī˵ʲô档
ɣȰС
ͼ˵𣿡
ɣ
ͼ˵𣿺ҲûУȷīֲìܣԼĵʮƣ
īЩʲô
Щǣƽ븵īһ£಻֪Ǹǻǿɲܺ˾ӣ˽ɡ
˵£һʱ֮Ҳ˵ף˵ɡ
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⣬ɲ֪ôش
īŵùģֻǽɲ֪ľ仰棬ľ仰Ǽ٣һֳıʲôֲ̤ʵýɸīһʱڸ˿֮ϣǾգ̲סһֱȥ¶Լû취˼
֪ܶ鶼ƭԼʱ򣬽ܾѲ͸
Ҳ֪ҾãǲẦǵġ
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š
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ãˡ
**
ҹֱȥ˸īլӣպôС޷ֱӹȥͿˣˡ
꼱Ҵҵˣߵúܼɶûüס
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ͷˤƶŵϳ˽ȥһȴָīԼʣ¶
˭
īùߵƬҪȥ۽ȴǽɣϷƬ
ɱ˳ȥɸīϵ˺ֱۣ񱻶סһ޷
Ǳ޺ۣݺύȻ˺Ѿǳˣɽȴܿ˺۱ŵľʹࡣ
īƺʶʲôϰ·£һ𣺡ô
īЩӲƺʮԼ˺۱
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ҩô
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ţСĴҩܴ֣ܲ
īƺδָɺȻоʱĸīЩԿȴʵĸī
Եȡ
ȥѵϵƬȻӲ˲ȴīסࡣ
û¡
ЦԼھУûжʱǸɾģνûḵīֹ΢˲ȻŰԼϵһƿҩҪҩô
š
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īͷ˵Щ죬ƺЩýɵĲսһ
꣬Ƕ죬֮ĸ״֮󣬻ѹҵ·֮漴Ƶ
ĸ׺ܼѵزŰҾ
ī˫ֱű۰ЩΪֻĸ׻ҺãǺܿ죬һжˡ
ī΢΢̧ʲô۵׷һ˿Ѫɫ˷ǰĹâɷҩƿȥ˱סŷָīڽӲ˳ᢵˣޡ
ī¡
ɲ֪ԼΪʲôô˵ܸоīĺµģǰЩĺ¡
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԰ﵱһ͵ٹ˵Ĵϡ
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޷īʲôԼЩ߰뷨ڸЩһСܹܵġ
īĵ׵ĺڰԶĸࡣ


56 
ܰ ȴ˲Ϣе˳ĬˣɵĺҲסˡ
ã īƿɣ ֱӡī̬ЩȻͺʲôûһ ۽ǵ˿˿糺ȴ߽ɣ ղŵһУԼĻþ
ī侲ؿŽɣ ĪУ ͺҹ ¶Щġ
 ױˣ ϲŭ޳ ȾԼѵʱҲҡ
ī˶٣ ƽұˣġ
ҵʱܻΪβкӣкӣ ôԱ㲻ô
īЦ·Լ˵ʲôЦһɵɫȴȿ޻ѿŸīƽɫ ȻϣЪ˹طйô㲻ܡ
ӣ Ҫ֤˿ģ øá
ī˵ʱɢһ˲ҿ꾭ɱһ㡣
ɴʱֻᱧҿޣ˵ãûվøߣȻί
ī˫ۣҪȥԼеĻ棬εĿƺصԼĶߣӵƿصһĥŸī
ī
סīգȥˡ
ī΢΢ۣ˽һ΢Цеʹɲ
֪ʹǹȥģһӶȥ
īϽɵ֣ţһֻίèҪõһ㰲ο
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ī˵˺ܶ࣬ûпޣ˵ʱȴۿڴתҲʧȥ㣬϶ĵ˲ˡ
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ī
ڸīĶͷĪҪƭҡ
š
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ԼǿƤĸоܣīʼû취
á
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Ϊҩɡ
š
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ָҩĨڸīıȴ˵ܳô
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ЦЦ˵רĸīҩ˹Ƿ֬˺Ⱦϵĵɫ͵ɫҲ޷ڸס˵ķʡɻݵúȳƣݵĵطһ׸ⶼûУеĵط
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ͼСɫ
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ͼ
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ī££Լ£ȻһԷŵϣţýɲ㶼ۿī
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仰һˮղŵ粡һ˲䱻
һ²ɣͷöػָԲߡ
š
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а˸ī㲻˭׽˭֪븵ʫһȣƱﻹ˲Ůˡ˵ҲǣֱɽɽĻӵܣΧôĹһһ⡣
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Ů˵ԼһλˣҲ˵
Īȸ
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ī˶٣ֵæôŹơ
ŹƣԯҪϣ;ֹ֣ѹƴƿصŹء
գǻһȣҲǼõĻᡣŹƣôݱܰȣϾ۱սԯʮڿ¶޷Źء
ŹˣиʱԼˡ
ī˵ֵѰλػ
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Ķ򡣡
ī˵ɵһ⣬ôΣգ
ֹ͸īԼλҲԼԼôĶ֪
׵飬īȻҲףһƻǽΣء
ҡ
īβóɫŹأ۵üֵͼˣʲôҲȷ
ɿŸīǵɫ˵ҫ£ӿƺ𡭡


57 
Ȼӹܣ յʱȡʤȻķǳֶΡ
ɲСΪĻʵۣܶǸλõģ Ƿ֮
ܲ鵽ģ λӦҲܲ鵽ֻǲȷα
īŽɣ ϾŮ˽ δ˵ŮС
Ȼ
īɵЦƣ ˺Ѳɡ
ȷ ֹ˵Լһλˣ λŮҲ˵
ʱս ޳ŵһȥȢ Ȼȴ ŮҲսС
ī˶٣޵⣬ Ůӵ⡣
֪
ͬī˵ģΣסף Σж⡣
ҲѾ뵽ˡ
īοЦЦλСȻս ʱԵ˵ĶƣǷʤ֮⣬ Щƣۣ λСû취ܿ쿴׵ġ
˵λŮںδ
ȷǶǽ⣬ȻסŶݼףҲϴ˵޷ڡ
īգ㶣ͷЦЦƺЩġ
㶮Ŷݼף
Զ
ǿ̫ˣ
û뵽īȻҲԣʸīʲô֪ġ
㵱ʱΪλŮȣ
ֱܺײײ˽ȥ
ܺˣī˰漴ʵܺϵܺã
㲻ϣ˵ǳϣܸĵƨϰ߾͸ˡ
īƤЦⲻЦس˳ǣȸŶݼ֮ͣǸɵС˷㣬ɵСŶš
ɵСӡݻͦУܺɵǮ࣬ҵɵƵġոīô˵ŮҲȷӲˣԭһʼԼɵСӻͰ͵ظôǮ
ԭˡ
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īգתͷȥԼĴ齣ͷ·һһССԲ壬һšϲְ֣һߵͼڡ
ҵİ׮ǽߵˣǱ꣬һ齪һֱСıŵ壬ģٵڽϡ
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ûС
īʵشֵʱΪһ֪壬ֻԽᷢ𷴻Ҵδַʽ
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ɿŸīֿյ飬ʱôʱĸīҲܣҲ޷Ӧ顣
ī
ȥһڸīǣ˼£ǸҪӦʱ򣬽ȴͣס˶ˣһľ룺Ǳҡ
á
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ЦЦӦ´£سŵԼΥŵԣĪЩɰ
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ôǸīˣҲһЩʼģҸһʱĸīŵ̬ɾͺҵ˻ᣬ
ͳһŽԽԽȣ뵽˸īҴŵ飬̲סҧҧīĺ촽
˻
ʵۣī˻һȴķ顣
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ĪԵո𣬾Ӵ˲糯ζȷ˵ǣ޷԰Ρ
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вô
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īԼĴȷЩ顣Խ֮ǰˣܲԼеǻơٿʱЩʧأղţҪ뽪ɸһ
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š
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ҡˣ
š
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˿ŶԷƶڵȶԷ˵Щʲôǽ˸īĶͷϣʲôû˵ˡ
뿪ʱ򣬻ꡣ
ôˣ
š
ôˣ
ȻԺЩɽɫܿЩһ˫΢׵Ĵ
ȿȣû£ˡ
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ףôڲŴ·ղŵ׷ʲô£ѵ
С㣡
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īر˵¡
ŶŶ鱨ܿڶԴǣѾܾû˼ˣ֪Ϣ١
ڶݣȸݣⲻǶӦǸôķλô
ѵֻɺô


58 
ݱս սģ󣬲Ҷֻ֪ǿʼĹս˥ɵ̻ڣ ľһֵܵסս± ζҪǮȥеս⼸ǰѴѵľء
ûݺͶ֣ նһ˰ ݺͶݵİʮֲ̼֡
Ƕ¥ֺŷڣ ĵĪ˰ ĪԴƺû̫⡣
Īȼ֮ ̼ÿ´Ǯ̻ᣬ ЩǮԵ˰ȥ Ӱڵ
ЩǮǹ̶̻ ĪԼܵģⱾǵӦ֮áڳ͢˰ ̻Ǯ㽻ȥѽ˰Ŀ̼ҷ˹ȥ
ˣⲢûдǶ̼ҵճݵԹص Ƕɶȹѹء
۳ݳֻ֣ˡ
ĪЦһЩӰװó͢ȡˣ˲ˡ
ӻ׬ģ ֻҪǵܹȥ
ĵ˵Ī΢΢ף Ҳͬĵµ˵ֻǿʼ ̻ܹ֧ꡣ
ڴصľöҲкܴӰ죬ⶨȻҪȷ
ǵģĪ
ĵºĪĪڣ̻ᶼðġڳ͢Ҫնһ˰ʱĪ˷Ӧȶݵľƣûгκζҡ
Īݺݶսңȥ¡
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ΪΣ
Ϊ˽

Ī֪ǡǡ֪ŮָΪΡ
ݺܿͻдģľжбҪЩɡ
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Īò׼ʲôжŮô˵ˣһĵ
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ûս£ҲˣŽҪæģҲ԰һ
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á
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ī˵ģĺ꣬ǵĶ硣
û뵽īƤһ棬漴Цá
뿪ǶǣǽȥƾԼļ䳯ҩ®ķߡīɵ֣ʵȷô
š
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ͼҪҪҰæ
ɣ֪
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ī࿴Ů򣬳ýޣ̬ȴĮű˵Ŀ⣬һְ񲻱ѱҰ
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Ůʮµؿ˽ɣ뿪ʱһ˶㣬ôô񣬿λ춼ŵĸī˰ɡ
Ůٿʮָۣ׹ȥĶǻ˵ҩҶġ
˵Ůͷصʲô¾Ϳ˵˵
ɻδ˵ī̤ǰһóӽ͵塣Ůһ壬첽ȥôõģ
ƣɱ˵
ϵڸīǰ棬ûж⡣
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һ˲䣬Ů˺ö仯𾪣ŭƽң˵£
ȸ
ɼʵ
ûʲôȸˣϴһ̣ʲôûˡ
ŮЦһ漴תȥҩ®ûʲô¾͹ɣҡ
޵Ů
ī˵Ůһתͷī۵ż籡ŭ𣬷·˵˵ٻұɱ㡣
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Ůתī˵ʲô
ڶݣȸݣڱݣ׻ݰɣ
ī˶٣ʵ֪һЩ飬ҲıʲôѰ޵Ź£ǵļƻ֮һ
һ˲һʶȥֻŮĺɫ̽һѽֱָī
̫ˡ
ԣˡ
ǲĵˣǿ̸̸


59 
ǲĵˣ ǿ̸̸
ī˵󣬽ɽץŮ֣Էĳī ǿ̸̸
Ůתۿɣ ǴżϤӳʱЩ㱣 ˼Ƭ̣ հѽ
ɵתʱԼǿ˽ Ŵ󷢴ȱɵҩ®ġΪ ˺ܶ£ ǰھӪҰѾԻӡ
Ů
Ҳ֪ôش⣬ ֻӦáǰɡ
īݸŮ Կ١
Ůù壬 ϸ˿ϻһССѺۡްѳŵ͸ ϻһССѺۣѺһġ
ǵ֪еʱȥǰ졣޵ʮֲ⣬ܾô²򵥣 㵣Σգȥ롭
ҴѳһƬ棬 Լճɽʬ ֻʣһЩܱ˱Ůļ ĴûӤȻ֪˹ɱҴ壬޵ĺӡ
޵ŮôĽܿɱ޵ˡ
ȥ
Ůת߽īͽɽŮûдˣʵһֱ֪Լݣ
֪
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ŮһȻϣȷǲ¶ˣĻ֮ˣȻǸĹʵۡ
ҽңҲңҾǰѶԸ׵ηͶϡ
ŮգʲôЦһȻҪϴģ츳㣬ȴɱϴ·ҵѹһͷ
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ī̹׵ŮЩ⣬Ӧīŵϲ
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һԼҰĵŮˣŮʼԸīĹˡȷ̫ˣͬʱϲڽܲԼˣϲī̹ϡ
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īҪԼãɻǲģתɡ
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һǰ
ɰĳˣϸЩĺ
һؾ͵ʱλ˵ҳһλˡ
ԭѾжô


60 
һؾ͵ʱ λ˵ҳһλˡ
Щ㷲ܾѾڼԼͬԼӽҾϣҲ⵽۵˼
ҪԼ뽪ıӻ ԼʱԮ
һλʳѰĹˡ
Цһ Դ˵ػֱݣ ϴѾΣգ 
ֻ Ѿ˶ˡ
˶ô
һλ ɾûм޵ơ
ǣ ڷһֺصĶ
˶٣ ûްҵʱúΣ ΪûܼʱϴԶĴڡ
Ҳˣ һʱҲⲻ
˵ʱ̫Ѩƺͻͻ𣺡ʮʱ䣬 ñڳǣŰֶȫ⿪һֻ춾ƺͶںϣ ûнҩģΪⱾҪصĶû֡
ɿεɫ Ҫļοȴһۿ˹Ѿͷ밲οң
ɣ

ͼˡ
ɣ
Щ꣬ ҰѺڳǵĹƺͶ˸͸Լִɣ ˣѰ
̾˿Ŀ䵽⣬ЩԶܰ޾ڵһл᲻ᶼһ
ոѾͷȷû´мƻɱ֡ҵ㡢ۼɲΪļƻӦ
ǱûҪı˼
ûУǹʵۺϴôǶҪȡͷ֮ǰ˵˵ġ
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˳ɫΪĲ£һܳ羴ۺԼλвѣԼ棬ҲȻнȴʱȡͷο֮顣
һ·޻Ӫ󣬽ɺҩģҲ˽ɴһŮˡ
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ʷϼصĴػûмǵʵֻֻôжҲֻôųƺǡ
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Ӫʣһתͷɣ͢Ӫʶ⽫
ü࣬ܶʱӪʶǰ裬ɾӪĹ֧ܿ͢ӵӡȻȻگйɳ͢
һӪʿӪʲֻ࣬ŵ˧콫ӪֿӪͷ󣬻ҲӪûطˡٿһ彣ֻͨĳ;úᡣ
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ĺ೤ƽȣ˯ˡҲ˵ŵ뿪Ӫʣȥگǳ¥ԶŹء
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ʱ򣬲ܺĴɤŴԶʹ˹
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תͷܺ˳ԼɱϢ˵Ǹ˼鿪ʼˡ
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61 
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ɣ
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ȥ̺Ȳ裬 ˳̵ֵ꣬ͷƷ ֻԼúܡ
һһǧֵԼҲֻһǧ߰ٵֵˣֻ֮ʣ¼ٵ㡣ֵҲ֪Ӧ顣
ͼҿٸ֧񰡣
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ͼҡˣ
ɣξȻô죡
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ܺá
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ʱǰȻȥҺԺŻ𡣡
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ī
ţ
Ҳͦɵġ


62 
Ҳͦɵġ
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īɫ˳Цֻ㰲Щ
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š
ī˫ۣ ⾲׵Ƭ̡Լϲζ ݵζ ϣζī̲סֽ˽֮ˡ
뿪֮ һگǵ⣬һᾡΪɨЩϰ
á
īϢڽɵĲϣý̲ס˼ƤҲӲīƺൽ˵ı仯 ʹһôɨ˵Ĳӣɨǿ
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Ϊ⣬һҪǧʿ
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λܿɱ㸸׵֣ص㸸׸ޡ
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⼸죬һֱæо÷ִзĶ鵽ƫԶĵطȥѵΪ˿̽
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Ҳ˵ˣҪīĻɴһģҲҲӣӦ
սԽԽԽ˼黹˲޷սλý丱ȡݽɰݵ˻ر˼Ƥãҩʯ飬𽥱ϲŭ޳˵˼СʱʹĽ˲²ˡ
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ûܴлָô˵Ƕǵ̶̺ǸīܵģԼľЩ̼ʱѾŽ˸īС
ôһ壬ԭı㡣
Ī˵˾ƣŵλģȳȥˡ
Ī뿪󣬽Ѿڴ㶵״ֱ̬īڣʲô⣬ʰɡ
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ŮˣжԼ֪ģ
ʮ꣬ҵǶǣʱڰ׺ε龭âԣұ㿴˻ᡣ
ī˶٣񰵵ЦҲʲôûңһøҡ
ãòѾܶ𣿣Ҽոʲôϵ
i簮üҪߣܾˡ֪ǶǺһʱҵң˵ҡ
˿ڽҺȥ
һĿ꣬Ǿ򸵼ұ𣬶˵ʱǶǡ


63 
һĿ꣬ Ǿ򸵼ұ𣬶˵Ƕǡ
ī񵭵ģͷƺƮһƱݵꡣ
Сʱ ܻҿܶ飬 ˵ֻҪұֳôһῴҡ
īǳһĨɬĻȣ Ц⣬ ֻǳԣСñȱ˶ࡣ
īһھƣ ˮСǳ¶
ʮ꣬ Ҹ߫i磬 ҪǮ ܶܶǮ úܼ˵ֶΣ ̺̿סˡ
Ƕǵ̶̺ƿ֮У ֪־岻ŷһӣұóΪĪҹ̻ᣬΪҴ档
ī˶٣ ˶ǿģ˴Ը׷Īвģ ಻顣
ʩɾøīֶΣ ԶԼĻҪ
ƿǶǵľã
š
ī֪ѰĪʱЩ߽ɡ
iأ
ɺګiʲôɫ
ˣ Ծġ
ɣ
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ī˵õȻɽɻǿ˸īü΢ɲޡôΣôαװīګiûб濴ǰƽ
i籨̫֮ǿżгľٶỵҵļƻ
ī˶٣ƣһʧȥ֣Ҹ̸ˡ
֪޷̣ҴӦһ򸵼Ҹ𣬺Ըˡ
ī̾һǺڣҲϧֻǰ˵ԼƤⷭһڡ
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š
ɶ˶٣˼ɱ޺裬ҵֽ
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֪Ǹī֣Ȼǧַý˼ɽ˼ֻԼϡ
½Ľϡ
ī֣лԼ̹ϡ
лл㡣
ɵϡ
īʹѽɵԼĴߣһǣҸлл㡣
ллԸңԸҸоԼš
īĴڽɵֱϣϵĽͽ㡣
Եģˣһ˲ϵĽͽڱĶħһ
Ÿīȵٵĺӿ죬ʧȥһ˲˳ٵĴС

ɱīǵ÷˲Щ֪ôһģֻһһʰǷͷڷ̳
һ㡭
ƿ磬īģģ˵һ׷ȵǡ
ɸоԼҪˡ
ΪʲôīǼԽԽˡ


64 
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á
Ӧ ҲǾ˼ǣ ͬʱҲΪң˭ܿڵĸīأ
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ͼ˵öԣȷΪɫԣֻᱻīɫԡ
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ĪʱīȵۻǸ֮ˣֻŲסˣЩ˷УԶΪͻҲΪ֮ˣϧթֻⳡս
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꣬϶ģյҲ˲٣˾ɽİաɽ·Уʪˤö˶ϲɽ
ƫƧɽ·Уһ̧һӼѵţˮǵϣǼۡ
ʱ̧֮˽һȣڵأбһú۰Լʵʵ˴ӽˤ˳ͨһˤŢϡ

ӿ˹ȥҪǺӷ𣬿ȴ˷һؼţȻĴŵ棬ŭǷ
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˼಻շ⣬ӣںУԱµؤ
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գҼ㲻ˣҪ档
˵꣬һͰˮ˹ȥʹý˼̲סڵϴĽк
ɿŽ˼ʹӣɫȴ˿䣬Ŀ漴䵽½ϡ
˼顣



65 
˼鱻ھӪη ÿֻвȣպ˹ȥǱˮѵġ
㣬 Ҫɱɱ
˼κģ û̧ͷЩ˿һۣ ˵
½Ž˼ĺ ʶһ£ġ
ͣˣ ܺã ˰ѽ˼ϳȥ ϸɰ ʿΧס
ֻҪҪͻΧ ʿǾͻƻ롣ʿĳЦ ˼һ˷Ҫȥ ȴһ߻롣
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ɸ˵ţеʿ߰ʯͷŽ˼˹ȥ
ҵһŹǣ һᣡǽ·ϣ
ЦһŽ˼Ǵģ ˲Ц
ҵľӪΪ㻹ǽ
ɶ˶٣ ʵҪҪɱΪ޺豨 ΪȥĽʿǱ𣿡
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׼ŹأӪ״̬Ȼ˼ʧ֮ºܿʹŵˡ
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66 
ǰ
ټʧ ɱ㻽һ˲Żعν˵һ䣺ûͺã ϵô
ôν ˵ȻЩУǴô
֪ ǴŹ֮սϵ ͨǰ
ͨң
ЦЦδػӦ  ܾġ
һʱҭ Ϊػĸһܺã û뵽ֽ׼ϵػ֮ף ˵ ػġ
ãҲѰϢ īİ׮ҵ̫ԣ˵ܾסĵص㸽ݲ֮ˡ
š
ָָŵͼŹأ £롣
š
սƵ޷ǰ ĻīҲ㹻Ӧˣ ġ
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گǾӪϢسˣûڵİգںڰеߣŹ¶ǰС
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**
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֮ؿֱͨŹڣʧȥ֮غԯһرָ֮صĳڡϡ˱ôŴķرñʱɱץؾ֡Ͼ
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ˡ
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**
گǾӪҲ޷ˣǲ͵ϮɸīѾԤϵһôҷɾ裬·͡
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Ȼīûָգɽֵ㲻죬Ҷ롣
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ȻһжģǶԽɾ˽˶֪սƶߣ벻ЩıԡˣѾڵıײߵǺˡ
Ҫǽ㣬ǿô죿
鲻ġ
īնھӪҲ׼
һɱһɱһ˫
ī˿ڲ裬Ц軨ȱˡ
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67 
 쳹ܵĺ
ɱ
ҹɫ֮˽Źأ ֮صĽʿҲŹعȥ Ѿ˲ٱԯɴúܳ
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Զ̻һһ䣬˸ī˵ըŹˣ
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ԭˮҲȫǿɬġ
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˵ݵĳһһط̻ⱾûеϰףɴҾĬһΪŹصʤеˣϲôȥ
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**
Źһ۸ݣԯЧ뽭ǡնϲУŽɵķṦΰλŮŹرƣݵоʿҲѵоȫˣƬ̰
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ɡ
á
ɴһƺƵػȥگˡȻݵʷδǽɵĽų̺ܿ죬ֻīˣī
˴ͬɵģ˷档ŹһˣǸðæټĴػˡ
ˡҲüˡ
گǵ·Ϻ̫ƽگǺýû뵽ǰǾȻеӭռ˽ɣϻʻϣǴףķʽ
û뵽Լܴ˻ӭٶȣŰյЦգͻȻо㣬ʵģ̤ʵС
֮ǰɳϲУʿǵ˷ܣҲˣܾȱЩʲô
ȱʲôˣԭǰǵЦݣΪսĿģҲҪػĶ
СʿͻյȻǽɡһβ·ȴ˺ܾã֪ôлǵֻ֧֣ܳЦݣ뿪˽ֵ
صӪһǷֹҪѽɱˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ㶼֪жˣ
˵ˣƻ˵ܶ໰ɺκһֶ޷ϲá
ֻļЦŵմҳȾƣɲ̫ܺడִе񻹵ִС
ǣ
Щ죬Ҳ˲Ƕǵ̼֣һһ˹֪º󣬱֪Ǹī˼
īأ
ΪīھӪھӪһȦûīӰ
گǵլӣ˵ԼھӪʼղףŹƺûˡ
á
ȻȥīջؾӪҪһʱ֮鲻
ȥȥɣӪôֲǰ׳Էġ
˵һ䣬ֵҪǰ׳Էģⲻô
ϰ˵ʽҲֲˡ
ȥɣô࣬Ǹȥллġ
ظ˽һȥīɣҲû˷ѷĺ⣺á
漴һ·ȥīլӣ˭ܿȲ
ܼӡ
ֹһ䣬ȴû˵ʲô
Ȼɺ͸īʲôϵɾԲ򵥣īǽɺҪˡ
ð
Ƶ˵һ䣬Ȼ߻ȥɵӪʡ
ıӰЩį


68 
īլʱ ڰŪݣһƬϲľ軨
𾪺軨Ļɲ㶣 ЦſǺ޲󡣽·Щ ˻عͷһɣ ۽ǵЦ Щľ軨
Сῡ
īҪǰȥɣ뵽Լϵ࣬ һʱԭأ ǰɴǷ˸ī뷨 漴ЦŰѸīӵ뻳У ˵ȴһԣ ޴֡
ɵ ҷ糾ͣҲ࣬ 㡣
׸īĲӣݺݵһڣ̲סһˣ ǡ
īʼûлرɣֻ˵ʣûˣ
īӲĿϣȻ̻ ʱýԼܽǶΪŵġ
Ȼ ʼվüįܾȱ˵ʲô
ڣ ĵĿڱˣԭʱȱǽԼߵĸоĿ̻޹أֻҪˡ
Ƥˣû¡
ɿīźúô˸īһֻǲԼڣīЩ
گǣֻܿˡ
ɿŸī⣬Ȼĳ嶯ǸܵеȣīҲ콡컵˼һ˴˿̵

һӲ˻ī漴תصȥɵЦݽ˽תͷ꣺ǰﻹ㾫񡣡
Ȼ
˵´һ½ɣѪζȻѾжʱˣӦ˰ɣ
ɣ
ǹɣ
ͼô˵˵ģ
ɣҲ̫˰ɣҶҩˡ
ͼǻͦġ
ɣǰǰɣ
˵ˣ޴󰭡
˵Цصȥ׼緹
ԼӣȻ˸߲ҵȥˡŽīѾϴɾˣԼ裺ѾͷҾ͸ȥԶЩĵط˵ġ
һʼû׸īΪʲôô˵ɺܿ׹ˡ
û£շ
ɱ밲οī˵ûסЦ˳īҲʵЦʲô
ɰ
һЩ棬īǺܿɰģԼദʱīǲϲŵģͻСƢ
īɱӣЦҶˣ㻹˵ɰ
ǿſɰ
ͼȥˣԼ
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ͼûлӦˣİԼˡ
סī֣īŷֽɵЩֲڣĥƤˣƵʹñӵĺ
ɵƤˣ췢Ӳīֿ̯˿һƬۣôϵҩ
ҩ͵ðӰձָУһֱûŪ
ɵû⴦˿ڣֻǱսڼ䵽ŹأıǲֵģĲĥƤҲǳе¡
Ҹҩɡ
ɲԼīۡתȥӣѡҩڵĻء
ⷿƻأҪɱô
īӽ˽ĬϢſڣʮ֮꣬ݰʱ˾ƣҳüãЩ˴ıѰңҡ
衯ʮֺˣ̫ѨֱҪѸ֮ķը
ʱãҲڵİһֱڱңǲûеóѡ
ī˶٣Էһһڷ˻أ׼
īҩߣ̯֡
ɹԹ̯īһƽƺû⵱ʱ飬ɽ֪⣬Ҳ¡
īϸذҩĨڽɵϣʵô
ۡ
ī
ţ
ҡᱣġ
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ɵϡ
ī˼ʼ͸ģ׽ʲô㱣ңҲ㡣
š
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ֻ˪˹£ƺÿˡ
گ˺öݵˣӶӡ
ī˵ţױʾͬţҿˡ
ʱȻæɻϵˣܵ˼Ŀ䵽ԼϣǾԲĿ⡣
ˣ·ܿ˳լӡ
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ī˵ɵһֻ֣ҩ
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˵˳ĬһЦīô˵˵ţ˵Щˡ
ȿʼġ
ɰ˸īһۣҲѾͷˣûɾʹ˴ס˵ֶΣڰа˶æ
īЦһתСΰ̫֮λĹô
һʱҭסû뵽ī⡣
еݣԭУ۵ûв̫ӣû֪˭ֻ˭ϲ
ûС
ʵش˼˱߹أûп̫֮λĹ
أ˭
Ϊīһ뷨ôʡ
Ҳۻ֮ųԣ̫߰ѡ
ϼ޻
Ÿī˵ģҲۻ飬ɵӾңʱƵһԮ֣ڵ
Ȼ𣬿ɽҽûӣԼֶ˳Ҫ¹ԼʵҲæ
ѡ˭̫ӣ
īգûشҪõЩʲôǲҲøЩ
īƺҪˮĿ⣬ᣬĶǰȥ˸īĴϣ룬֪̽Сޡī뿪˽ɵĴ˲١
㹻ģҲ㹻ļɣе츳ġ
ǵȻȻҪЦˡ
˶ͷŶͷīشЦǵ˵Ź֮סһסô
գɵ˺죬û˵
Ůˣ˵ôֱ׵
Ӧңұ㣬ҵĲ²⡣
һ˲䣬ɳԼɫϣӦá
Ϊʲô̫֮λֻΪīŮˡ
óѺīԵʮָˣڽɵĴϲһŵѹסһΪ˱ѡ
īβ㽪ɵθڡ



69 
յ̫ѡ 
˸īĴ𰸺󣬾ɻ󣬱ʵΪΪ
Ӵ Σ
ϸػ̸ϸڣ ϸػ˵ÿһ仰ĿģǸֵˣ ͬʱҲ֪Լһλã Ϊ˴ﵽĿģԸκ˺
˵ һ£ ӦΣʱ ȴӦ ּɵԸ ױá
š
īǳͬ˵ģ ŽɵĻԿܽΪô ȴֶΣױץסѱá
š
ۻѡҲҪ˻ʵۣ ӦҲסѱԴҪЮס
ī˵ Ц۵̰Ȩϧ ӶˣȴҪôסԼȨ
գ ױʾͬĳЩ棬ۺƵģ㣬ȴȨѬġ
š
īӦһ䣬ֵֶζˣҪõϿɺβ򵥡
뵽ԭﻹǾòʹ죬°ԸīЩʲô֪ʫ󣬽ðǸ
ʲôɣ
Ȼġ
īҲŽɣɵ漴οĪҪģа취Ը
ʲô
ǲ֪ʲô취ʲôЧǲܰĵġ

īùһ裬˿ڣһԶܹʧȥ
ˣԭĽˡ
ķչû˵ֻ˵𽥺תԭн˰Ľ֡ī󣬵ϻλİûɺ󹬣д󳼶ԣɲΪʱж߶ΪŮɰжڽɲ֪ʵȴˡ
ʵȻǰ£δ˿ߣӪһʵ޷޷ã⽫ҡĵλɰܾɺ󹬣ѷԼĵܵܣڻδĻӡ
ϾͬѪЩǱ㲻ˡ
ԭԭֵı󣬻µࡣ
ʧȥԲκ֪ҡ
ī˶٣Цҡ
īָϽɵ۽Ǵ⣬ֻȨ
ǲҲøһЩȨǣ
رϲ븵īʱ⣬ʱĸīûôı㣬ֻ顣
ʲô
ī˫䵽ɵĲϣָ䵽΢΢ͻĴϣỮǿ
ԯŷɥŮԼסţĸԸ֪ΪΣֻҪ뵽һ㣬īʲôѪҺҪ޲ðܸ֪£СԼˡ
һ㡭
ѧŸīβӷĺЦЦҵȫ
ڸī̲סҪǹʱ򣬽ɵƤرܿˣһָڸīĴǰＱô
ī䴽һЦͰѽɵָУǱһóѵˣ˲佩סˡ
īĴǹһĨĻȣ·˵棬㻹۵úܡ
ɸоԼָţƺڱϷŪţ̲סϳå

һؾӪ飬ұ
á
˺һֱ˵ҪԷ˶˲ŷֿ緹󣬽㸵īԺʳŷָīֶ࿪һԣֵĻǾ軨
ĺϲ軨
𾪺軨ĻȻīĪϡ˵ī񶾣ǾֶεŮ˸
š
īŻֹɼˣ̲סʵôˣ
ҡ
ī̾˿ʵȥŹʱ䣬ɱ˲ˡ
Ϊʲô
ɵΪīɱһԭġ
ЩǽˣҪӪ˭ıײߡ
ī˶٣گǵģǶǵģûһ߳ȥˡ
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īָžɵǸԣ˵˸֮İ׮
˿û뵽Ժӵ¾ôˡ
ɱǣ̫鷳ˡ
īϲԼµԭ򣬿ɽǲͬģẦΪĽ᲻Լô¡
׵ġ
ûҪָī˼֪ǻԵˣٻǾЩɭġ軨ĻﶼǴģ⻨Եơ
£Զ֪ʲô
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δ
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ī˶٣½ɲģֵҪʲôǴ˱˺ֱȡݡ
ЦЦī쿪Ȼ֪īںԼġ۲ȫûƺɵĵݶʮҲǰ׳ԷģҪԼֱȡݣܡ
ĪǡǸīҪ£ԭ
£ԭ򣬱ΪݵĶʮ
ţ
īЦЦݶʮһԽĸǽǵֶΣʮҲϵġ
īЦݣ֪һֱ£ҲһҪϡͽֱֻý򡣡
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ôһ֣ҵó־һȡ
ī˵󣬽Цһ£ǲǻĺˣ
ûУһѣҵңʱٰ
ô
ȥݴһսӮһЩ
ī˵󣬽һʱҭסʵݵս²أ
Իа취ʵġ
Щ˿Լı£ɻǾÿ׵ģϾڴܶ󳼶㡣Щ˶ٴ£û£ҿõȴŭԣ෴ģֻҪһС飬ͺ޲Ѹȫ£λԼڸɻģǱ湦ˡ
ɿ˿ɫǾȻؾӪһˣȻȥ
ţ
ɱҪߣȴīס֣Сģ
á
ɻȥӪһ·ϻǲЩĿ⣬·ҪԼƤһʮֲʡ
صӪɾʹһЩ񣬻ǺȾƳ⣬⻹ǲܺ׼ģȻ࣬Ҳһ⡣
Ա󣬽ɲͷһԣگˣͼơ
Ҫô
Ҫ飬ǿԲ鵽ģֻҪһЩʱ䡣
Ҫȶ֣ȶ֣ĪҪ˿ʵ
ס
ЩסǽǾôŵ𣿡
Ȼǡ
ɶ˶٣ҪһЩűѲߣһ߳ԳΪźš
ˡ
⼸ǾͻжҲʱ򿴿λĿˡ


70 
⼸գ گǾ϶ֵģΪףռŹأ֪ƣһ æͿҹУ ǰ֣Ƕǵĸоˡ
Ѿ˼٣ Ҫȥīסһ Ի븵īֽսá
һ·ϣʮܻӭ ߹·ᱻͶʳȻѾܾˣ ʢȴ ֶ īլʱֵ
ǡ
īŽϵ Ҫæȴɾܾˣȱ
ɰﶼŵԺӵʯϣ Ȼһһطźãղ̫࣬Щ˻ûĨĶ
ʱ ǰѾҳԹƵĽⶾǺڳǵĶҲûá
ɰѴƿ˸īϣҩףҳһţֻʣһţ 㡣
īۣûнӣҸҪ
 ڰǲ뵽Ҷ֡
īѴƿ˻ȥ ˼˵ʲô ȴīһֻۣܹԹջȥˡ
ɰﶼһ飬ܶණûΨһݸʱܺ͸ԼǸȴζ
ʲôζ
ж
ʾ⸵īԶһЩȻǸպãòʵʵͨһ
ϴ֣ŵҴȥǰһ顣
á
ɰûжʳָլˣжķŵ޷ʳ
ûоر𣬿ɽ˷ֽŸбˣǷƹձ콡ˡ
Ļᷢʲô
ī׼һЩƣСΰǶ¥ľƣպ죬
á
Ұ뷨֮Ժ븵īƷƷơպ죬ǺɫģѾƣζȴǻ㣬ʮ档
ʲôģ
һֽǧĻֻ֣ڳ֦ѿİտʲôڡ
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ţǧʱһʱǸʱժõľơ
īһؽţȴûд߽ɵĽţʱʱðһЩֵ뷨硭
һǸīĴ
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Сῡ
ţ
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ߣ˯ߡ
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ôãɺЩʲôܾãԼΪһ
ǲظīġ
ţݵ·ϡ
µ棿
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˭ûмī֪˱
ֻǲ²⣬ΪЩ׮һֱ
īԼĿóһֽ̯ͷһһʮҵˣûͦʡ
ɴȥȸȷһݡ
á
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Ϊλݣ
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īܿ˯棬ƵԼ£ϵţԼ侲
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ۡ
ī˲Ҫڱ۽ǵһˮ˳Ķ¡ɲɾԼ֣ȥΪīöͷ㺹һЩĵط
ãɲɻشϣ§סī֫˯ɡ
ָĺö롣
һȥȶֲˡ
ǲǣ
Щĵһ䣬īȴҡҡͷͷڽֱϣ˯ɡ
ɣ
ûʣڽɿ˯ŵʱ򣬸īƵ˵һ䣺ġ
ɣ
Сῡ
ţ
Ҳˣߣǲµġ
˲׸ī˵ʲôۿ᷺죬ְѸī§ýһЩ
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š
īβֳ೤ƽȣ˯ȥˡ
˸īĶͷ漴۾
һҹΡ
**
ǵľӪڣþҽϵĵˡ
һϢûУ롭
ʲô
䣬ŵҳһ
ӿѾɱˡ
ɫһ˫ӣתۿӪ⣺Ҳ֣뽪ɴˣϾ˻лԼ
˼ǣܶԽɶô
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ǽ̽ӻرگһЩݵˡ
ݵˣ
ǣӣǵĿƺǽɡ
һһλ಻һˡ


71 
գ תͷ˯ĸīעᡣ
ī˿ɢߣ ɫ΢죬 ˯񾲣һĵƷ֣ ī˿ ´Ϣ̲סҪ׽
ûѹļ Ҳˣ ôŸī ܹһӡʱ ⴫Ų ġ
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š
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꿴Žɲϵĺۼ̲ס˳ڣûпۼ
Ѿ׼ˣɵʳ⻹Ǿþȡû뵽Լڽͣī㿪˿ڣҧġ

ֲˣΪʲôīҪҧɶһҧӣǺۼҲҧİ
Ҫǰȥȴ㿪ˡ
꣬緹׼ô
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á
˳Թ緹󣬽ɱȥӪˡŽȥıӰ껹ǶԸղŵ棺С㣬ΪʲôҪҧ
Ϊ۸ҡ
һͣŭǣ˵Ȼ۸С㣬Ҫȥ
īס󣺡ɵѾͷ۸۸
㶣ֲˣ۸зģ
īתصԺӣ̣Ǹȥ죬ʣ־Լ̫ˡ
С㣬ǵѾگǵˡ
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ݱ߹ػҪС´ӹ֮ǰס߹أ˿ס
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ʱԷʱ򣬶»ܱ¶Ĳ켺Ϊɨһˡ
ī˶٣ߵ֮ǰ軨Ļ꣺ϾӹܺҪһһɨЩϰͦʱģ¾ɡ
ǣС㡣
**
گӪڣΪмؿһ۽ɴĸ㣬ֻͨĺڳǵĶ˾ǡ
ϴϴ֣ʵղ˵Ҫ˵һʲô

ɰѸīĻø棬һôĻ񣿡

˷ܵī˵˿ݸЩ׮һֱ
Ҫݣ
üͨʲôЦˡ
һʽȷҵİΣ
˶٣ҵҩ®ÿͻиСȥҩǸʱպҲҲҩʱ䣬ÿζҲġ
뿪ѰңȻ֪ͨв⣬Ѱˡ
ΪֱӸ˵ģ
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ȻϲƵģò
Ҫôҵ
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ֻҵǣǺҵġ
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˵£ؿһ۽ɵĲӣҩܹ㲱ϵĺۼЩɢ
һϴ˵һסԼĲӣ죬ȴ֪˵ʲôȥΣϾһ翴ˡӡ
ýˣ˭ٲ񣬽Ҳ
һ˵һȥԼҩļӸҩ½Ȥߵߣʵǰϲ˭𣿡
Ȼ澭˵һ֪ʧ˱ϸݣɲ򵥡
˰ɣ㻹
ҩϣ˶ܺãǸһĴڣһ˵ɽϣҪɼҿºѿ
˵󣬽Ҳҩ׷ʣǰϲ˭
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û˵ԸҲˣϸԼ˵ҩ˿ߡ
ʱ򣬷ˣŹһжȶԯ֯Ƕܶ顣
ţܺãأ
ƽ׳Ҫ鱨󣬱Ⱥ㷢䡣
ףɫܹΪңǲģɱ˰ɡ
ǡ
˵תʵȥô
ᣬһȥ¥ܵøЩһЩᡣ
գӣǵһǵģǲһɱɱкַܶ
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ɶԴ˲ģת룬Ĳ²ɱټ޻ô
㶣Ȼ룬ҲϺ꣬Ӧܲµġ
ܲµҲܲ鵽ôĻ𣿡
˫ֱأܾýԴеˡ룬Ҳһ뷨ǽϣ֣ǲϣ֣
ϣ֡
΢΢ȻҺɱݻҪЩ˿ɿס˵Ľ
ǡýô
ġ


72 
գ ϶ʱȥǽϿʱмߣ Щûʲô
Źﳹװ ݹӦҲ㣬ɲЩ˸öˣ ҲöˡȻ 񣬹ؽɴŹأ ĵذ￪
گǵİնڲ뽪뽪ǲǱǰˣ ˵׻ǸŮ
Խʾã Ҳܾ ˮСԷȾƣ ʾѺáû뵽ɻϣ ΪҪЩ⣬ɲŻӡ
 ллд
ɾ˾ƣҲûоܾ漴ս³Խ彫ظϻȥ֧Ԯô
£ 󽫾д㣬ŹأǴϲ£ Ӧء
գ˵ǲÿɷ 漴󽫾͵ĹҺϲ
һһʯ Ϻõľĺ˿ɵģҲԼĹ
ϲͺá
ֱֽڶδһ֪Թ޻ڵġǵε飬˵ģɳӽ¡
˿һɫѾ˵Ҫؿջһϡٵ·Ƶʱ򣬽ͣ½ŲЦ彫㻹üʱ
δӦһɲһ˷ļʸ
תۿȥѾʮ˰Χ̣Ҫصľˡ
ˡ
׼
ɲŲæģҲ˼ֻ֣ǲ֪ɻ᲻Ҳһȳȥ
ɳշһ֧ڣĹ⻮ʣϢʱ䣬иΧ˹ɱЩˡӲȥֻƴɱ߳Žɱȥȴɺֽˡ
һƽҹȴΪЩɱɧ֮˷ɱ˸һɶȴһֵ飬Щ̿ʹ书ǽ򣬲ǳ͢ˡ
ĪΪݲѧô
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û뵽ɻһѣҲʮףǽҪҲԿеġ
ôҪԼ߽Ҫǽ壬Ҳһ仰¡º󣬱ϻݣ۵̱һ㶼ˡ
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۳ŵÿ¶ٳʳϾıÿ˰ʮڽɣگǸۡһʮĶǧ
ʥּ̲ס̣͢ôǮ
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ίͰ͵ؿ˷һۣȻֿɣϣΪԼ˵һ仰
˵öԣҲϴСˣôӳɼˡ
ҲԼֻйڵϣƢĺӡɿҡͷЦڳɼңӦǲеˣԼǸӣγɼң
ʱ˽˽һۣһ˶ûС
ǹʵ۹Ҫ
գЦЦ֪Σͻˡ
Ѿˣڽǡ
ԶСǸḻĵطȻǲ󣬿ɰչû㸻ԣ
ǰε֪
ݵϢȻǸ˵ģֻһֱû뿪گǣ֪֮£
ǰݴһ鱨ϴ󶼲֪ģܾûùˣˡ
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Щ¾Ƶġ
û뵽һ֣ϲǲҲ¼Ǻˣ
Ȼֲɵ
ԼЩˮȣиԵļǺţǺŵǳнġ
ڸگǵ·ϡ
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Ҫ˶һ˱һο
㣬һܾϲ
浱ܺѽɱŵʱҲúܾϲ˼ֱ޺ĺ塣ʱҲΪԭž˽ɣû뵽޵Ů
˵˻еҪ󣬽ָ˼٣īլȥˡ
ŽȲıӰƵĪʲôҪģ
ˣЦ񲻽ؿ档
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񣺡
**
ʵȥҸīȷҪģ̲ݶıиƻֻҪ븵ī˵˵
լӵʱ򣬸īƺһ˽̸ӦñĪɺȻصԺȥرܣȻīȴСΰɡ
˼ȥˡ
á
ĪŽɹҾ˸񣺡Īá
̸һ£һֵܹ¡
īýԼߣ衣
ֵܹ£
룬Ҳû˵ݷʲô£Ȼ
ţɱõ˺ܻԾڶݺͱɱ˲ٸ̣ȡǮơ
˵ǮƣɺȻ뵽һ£ĵȷȷһ£˵λҼӣǴġ
꣬ս࣬۾ǮҲǮԼϣЩӵԴͺܿɡ
Īй
ĪɻȻص£ͬһʱȴ˹
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ݰ׮رЩˣβǳ͢Ҳƾˣˡ
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Լ˵е㲻ţԼȻһɱõĵƣմɱĴ̿ͣʹĵȷǽ书ĪǱɱõˣ
һãˣǺִľѣһҪƽ
ī˵˶٣תתƺʲôĪʱȴҪɱ˵ķֲȫᣬٵüǧˣôҪӡ
ÿʮƽ𡣡
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ɣ
ôЩɱֱǾ˻ҪֵǮ


73 
ɱҪôƽ Ǿʲô
̲סʵΪЩɱҪôƽ𣿡
ͨɱֵȷҪôǮ
īĲͷ߿̶ʿҪ
ʿ
ʹ޾ִֻ ĿĲݵʿ
һʿܹʿɱ֣ ۻỨؽҲǲܡ
ī˶٣̶Цһֱ벻׳ƺ⳯úǶʮ ʲôֶαסԼĻλ ˡ
С㣬ֻǲ²⡣
Īе㲻ţ ǸĻʵ۾Ȼһ֣
ԶҪ͹ĵˣ ܹӮգ Ƿ֮
ī˵ ʵҲʿô
ûС
īҡҡͷ ̫ʱͽǮˣ ҳɹʺܵͣ㡣
գ ̲סЦ˹Ȼ˼ά
ж෽ԶԸûбҪʱֵط
īɣЦӯӯʱ䣬 ûڸֵõϡ
ĪһۣȻ죬һľ С㣬һҪ죬 뿪ˡ
š
Ī뿪󣬸īк飬 ɵ֣ʵˣ
ûС
ɱд̺ûīҲùȥڲлһ
㣬˵Ҫˡ
ţձ㵽
꣬ЩζҲ޷ܸīͰദ
īǽɵĴǰĪҪģۡ
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˵ܺī۵һ˿⣬ʵʵҲ̫ϲġ

һʱ֮û׹ɺܿˣǲֹϵ
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㡭ҺѼо顣
ɿԼɱס֣ϸīǶ˵͸ûеֿˡ
Ҹʱ䣬ҸĹΡ
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ˣǶǵģֻм֪
ΪһµʧܣҪһԲߣҵ˸ī˳ҪĪҪʽ£󳼡
ĪˬӦˣڸī̸ãƶһƻֱҹ
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һӵӺѸī§סȻû˵ɸīȴܸоί
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ˡ
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󣬱㲻ֹɸī˵ûж˾ôĬŶԿ˼Ϣ󣬸īʵɵӣһô

û뵽īôԼʱ˲Զꡣ
С㣬ʲô𣿡
δȵīϵûʲô
ղһֱŸīģ˶ڰİû֪ˡҲҸīкԼͷУδ֪ؽ
ζſڣǵǣС㣬û𣿡
û¡
գת뿪ˣæһ죬Ϣˣаأµġ
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Ȼ
ӦºдͼҪˣεճĴ˰
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ʲô
ɺ渵īݵʲôҩԡ
ӹǲݣ̺ܵۡ
īתͷɣЦɵϡ

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74 
ԡ ·ô
ɣ
ɳĬˣûľͷһվԭأ ԼҪҪڣ ȥȸīϴꡣ
ī״Ҳ˵ תԼɾʹ㶵ؿţ ֱī̤ԡͰû
īתۿ ЦЦ ǲӦ 㡭
û¡
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¸īܿϵˣ ҲҲкúҩǿŻۡ
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һΪΪԴס
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ⲻǼųԼԴô
īƺ⽪ɵķӦ ֪ĺߣʲô£
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ĹΡ
īڽɵĻۼر۾ţôˡ
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š
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ƴΪԼͷʱСƺеĳĬԲһʱĿͷŵλСϡīһ飬οֻп˵ĲɷϵǣԽɵĹעǴʱʼġ
ʲôʱϲϡ

ô
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һ۰ɣ
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ţ

գЩţ˳ŸīԼǵŮ˵ıһֱǿġ
ǵģǿ
ҪŸī滺ǸоԼ־ѸīŪˣֻץסԡͰץָⷺס
󣬶ȻۣҲ̫ãֻܲݲݲ壬·ϴȥˡ
ڴ϶˼䣬ۼ˯ȥ
һҹΡ
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ɽھӪű飬˽ŵý˼ɢҸϵˣҽʱĩˮС档
Ҫһͬȥô
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ɣ
ôģ
ͼ֧ձһֵ
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ڿ߲
ǶǣʱҸīȷ߲
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壿
ɴӻóһ壬ϴθ濴ǿ飺֪گǺˡ
һԡڴ˵ʱ˸ī˳Լ˵Լϡ
ȻǴˡ
˶٣ȥҪһ¡
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Ϊʲô
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գ˵ãŶܹоվſڣȴûнȸΪλˣ
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תͷɣôŽɿã·ڻ飬Ҳ·ȷϽɵݡ
ãʵСһĿʲô
Ǹλá
գ˸Ĺâ·һС˲˲ԭ


75 
뿪ˮС ˵Ҫȥ£ŻȥӪǻϣɱһΪ֤ͨ
δӦԼ ֤һԼݵα ֪Լʲôƻ
Уīһ棬 ԸīʮָȤ
Ѿʮպˣ Ӫͨ裬ΪѾкˡ
ȥĶˣ
ڿҽؿһۣ һ䣬 Щβ͡
һ۽ɣ Щǹʵ۵ˣ ôҲ֪˭ˡ
Ȼ ЩβʧȥϢ ǹʵۺܿͻ³
Լҵһ̫ʦεαϣȻһӪʣ ɵüͷ
ˣرᡣ
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û˵ɣĿ ſڣЩ꣬ÿɺã
ΪֻЩʲôԼȷһݣ û뵽ʵȴǹԼĻ
ԼЩܳ
üҲʵ
ɲ֪ôش⣬ Ҳ֪Ӻ˵
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ż棬Ҫ˳˵ԼȷЩǿˡ

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ԺӲ˭ܽģ˴ɨҲɨɽǼɽǷˮ˶ȥݰӶԷˮҲûȤ
ī˶٣ҵѼɽϸڸһһ飬ͷĻؼŶݼ׵Ԫأһ˴򲻿
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ʵһˡ
īվǲεȥЦҲҪ븵Եֳһ𡣡
īȻЦȴܿĺ⣬ǻʵģҪһĺ⡣񣬴ӽп
Ҳվסī֣û˵ʲô
˵ĻղŵĻҲΪѸīʵʲôƻ
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գ۵׸˼˿ζ밲ףȻΪõЩʲôҲ²¡
΢΢ͷЦݵĶʮ
СѾͷ뷨ҲС
ԹԵ˵꣬Ҳܸī˵ǻǣƺѾΪԼ¶ˡ
ҼΣˣûôͼ򵥡
СԷ١


76 
СԷ١
īգ Ц˶ɻʱͻȻλ  
գ ҲЦЦͺá
 Ҫô
ģƶʲô鶼᲻Ȥ ȴ˵ĶԻ
롣
һӦ£ תͷɺ͸īˣôȤˣ ôܲ롣
ο ϴǹʵɵģ ϴĽɽȴʵ̣ Ȼá
īʵʵô

īýЩ⣬ ҲǺ⡣
ҪСʵۣһ˳
Ļ󣬲ٿһУ
ƣ īҲ˿ãһԵ濴ˣϲƾе
亹ֱ ʵûҪʵ۰
ͼȵʵ۵ճ
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ͼ֮ࡣ
ɣ㣡
СǻʵۣҪҵĻ ȻΪǣǲҪң ұҵкβɣ
īЦһȻҪϵȨλұʲôˡ
ȵȣλ
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ݵıȨ
˵󣬸īֵ˸ҵڣҪһЩ֣ڶݵ
δƣ
׸ǲܼңܼҵСӾھӪС
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ȷһҲֶΣҪòܺ˵ܼ֮ʲô̶ҵֶȥҡҵĸ
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ȻŮܸһΣյϢẦɡ
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֪һԼɲڣȾܾˡ
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ͼϣ۳ٵֵһսµ鱨Ѿˡ
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īЦû˵ɰͻگǵլӺ󣬱ؾӪˡֻǸīû뵽ԼջլӣˣС㣬ץˡ
š
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īƺҲ⣬Ц֮£Ҳ⡣
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ڿ˿ڣۿīᶨص㲻óѵġ
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ڲŻңΪǻл𣿡
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īվǸˣֵʵҲ֪٣鲻ʲô
˵üͷ΢΢һ£ī顣
ī˺⣬жһСС˵ʺԻʵɱ⣬ĺҲо־塣
ǲǾһɱ㣿
˵ĺ߳
Ҳɱ㣬ԡ
գɴ۾ƱƿƤһ
ļˣһ
ʲô
ԳīѾһ㿪ˣֻЦ绨ʱվӾϣѡˣٲ
ī㲻Ҫҵļˣԣ
ԼǺģͨ죬ĭɣɸīҲһۣ뿪ܷķ䡣
㣡Ҫ֪ʲôҶ㣡
˵īס˽Ųתͷԣʲôң
ԣʲô㣡
ī¶һĨЦݣϧˣ鱨˵һĲֵ
˵꣬īҪת뿪ɳԼŵҪҪ㣬۵壬үͽ֮£ҶԸ㣡
īһͣסŲһΣߵЦݣˡ
ڣȤĻˡ
īתصղȥ˫ֱأ̬
ԣʲô鱨㹻˵أ


77 
īܷķʱʱ ߹ʵС㣬ɿô
š
īԼӣ ߻Լ޷
˵Ļô
š
īնģ ƺҲֻȻţ һܴЩٻƶϳһЩ滰
ȻƭС㣬 ޴
˶ʮūͣ Ǹֲūԡ
īתݺպ죿
ݺˣ ׼ˮ⣬ С
š
īЦЦ صԡ ҲʱƷϢ
С㣬 ƭʲô
棬Ǹ˻˵ʲôƭī
ң ۵Ϊ̫ͨ࣬ظҩ¡
СΪأ
֪ʢĺӣŸī ·֮ΨһȤ
ΪΨһ滰ֻҩ
īЦһ£ü ʲôܺԵõı顣
˵仰˸иþ۵ĺ ó裬Ҳģ ԴҶ
īָ㣺빬Ҳжʮ˰գ۵壬ҲǸʱʼġ
ү죬۵ȻǸԵҩģ
ţҸӦûͨҽ˭Զ
ī˵ͻȻһ£С㣬۲ǻ빬ҽʦô
ҪСԵ˼˽۵Ķɣ˹ڵҽȻҲͨЩҽʦ
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ǻأ
ī˿ڲ裬鲻Ҳ˵һЩ˵ϻλǧˡ
СΪأ
ֻиһ棬ĿģԲΪ˰
ī˶٣ϸԴӶʮǰͿʼľ֣ôܻԼĳɹø
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ī˵סԼͷоԼӶЩתˣҪúһ¡
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С㣬˻زȥ֮ȷŸ֮֮Ĺô
ҪıԽҳʵ֤ݣԽҲżżʱ򣬻׷
СӢ
ϲīΪȻΣյ£ܻһְĵĸо
֮ʱԶӡ
**
ɴӺͼõ鱨ݱ߾ʮպΣ˻ṥռҾڵμˮأ춨ܵĻ
ԭУȻǿֻܸҾлأϾʱͽ˼黹ڣʿʿ䣬Ͳɢ
ѹȥʮգҲѾ뿪ʮˣȥѰҰ׻ûѶأýɲصģô׳¡
鱨Եĵʮգμˮرƣμˮأֱγǣγ򡣾һգŻ˵ԼѾ˰׻ڷص;С
μˮλϲٽǵγǲпܽݡȻγǱƣݱסγ󳡺ͰĶǱұ֮أʧȥôݾͻʧȥԴʳԴ
պŰ׻ˣ׻Ǹߴˣһĺӣ⣬ýɶЩҿ
ϴŮ
׻ɤŻ󣬼˽ɵĵһ仰Ͳ˽ɵĶĤȽɻشһ˫־ڽɵ˫ϣЦϴŮţð
Ҳ֪ôӦֻܽӲ壬ܾð׻Ϥ
ˣԼӰƷпŷɣֻЩ߸ǿ׳ߴĿٳһ׾š
ٴһЩѾͷ־Ҫˡ
Ƶ˵һ䣬ػ˽ɴʱΣɰ׻ȴ˿ΣЦ̫ˣҸˣ
˵˱
ƺʮųƺһ̬Ҫȥ׻һ٣ɱסˡ
ƢôҾͷˣ
׻ɤĺܴ󣬽ɶ̲סȰ㣬С㡣

׻ءһ£ŵýɶҿڣΨгҵľ棺׻졣
׻󣬹ԹԱ죬ǳŽ¶Цݣ㽪ɾǸЦݿ׾ˡ
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Уӣˡ
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˵һ󣬴Ҷʱ˵Ŀռ䣺ǰգҿҪγһˡ
ս¶࣬Īô˻̸У
š
ǴˣԼԣ֪Լʲô⡣
ڻʱ
ҡҡͷҪȰɣɵţ֪ģҴȼ졣
š
룬֪ɲçײ֮ˣҲ˵ˣ֪ôġ
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Ҫȥݣ뿪£±̫ˣҲ֪û㡣
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˵һʵ˵˵ģҪ·ܱһų̿ļæôӦٰ¾ܵˡ
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û˵뿪Ӫʣɸо֮һЩֵգȴʲô
СѾͷ˵ղҹУ
ɿŰ׻ԼȻֱֵۣ˵ʵеģԼ֪òôӦʱ׻ȳȥлѾͷ˵
׻鱻ϢֻӦһһ뿪Ӫʡ
Ӫֻʣ½ɺˣҲٶȦӣֱ˵Ѿͷкޣǲǻʲô˽˶ԹҪ
š
ɳϣŵӰƻô
֪Ҫһᾡȫ
㶣Ц⾢ͷǸϴһޡ
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ԼȰɵģϾ˽֮ĸж£ԼͻȻһ죬ǲõġ
ĳʲô£ԼΪ˶ƺǡ
ϾǰҲûٸƺ󰡣


78 
ݱ߹ؼӣ Ϊػ˲һЩøСīֹȥ̣ һЩڱݱμҵ£ ֪һҳһЩ֤ݣμҵ¶ š
л ݵȴֹۣռμˮغ 㲻̽γǵķߡһν γŴһ Ȼûеóѣ γڲ ǳֹۡ
̵ֵ鱨Ԥ֪ ԽѾһγǣ׼뽪̸С
Ϊگǣ ڽ뿪ĵ죬㵽ˣ֮⣬˶ʼδ
ԽӪ һŮӣ鶯һװӢ ˵Ŀ̲סͣϡӪ̲סĴ ƺѰʲô
Ϊβң
ЩУ ĿѰȻͣסŲס֣ǲĳˣҡ
תۿǸ˫۶һƬŮӣ̾˿û£ֻڲھӪ
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С䣬ҲЩϹˡ
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˽ɵӪô壬ɲ׻󣬼ɫԣ͹ԹԵ뿪Ӫʣ鷳¡
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ҲֻǸŮܰˡ
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ܺˬǰľͺãǶҾͰǰᵽˡ
У߰ɡ
ÿӪʣͷˣһһָӵԼõͻȻ˪ѩЦݽߣ֪ʲôӦ
ô͵ˣ㰡
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ҡš
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˭
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Ŀ䵽ҽϣŷҽ鶼÷ˣԼװôáԶûвԼͻᱻˡ
뿪Ӫʺ󣬱ȥҲܺڴ°ʿģİŮӳ֣˶סЦȥ
кü֪ˣԻ㹧ȭʾ⣬׻Ӧȴû˵
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㡣
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ܺƣżⲻ΢΢ʲôΣգ׷粽롣
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γѾ˸߶Ƚ䱸״̬յɵź󣬽˾档
˵⡣
²֪ɲԵ޹
ҿúμˮضγȼü֮
˵
Խǽ䱸ģͨʱ˿飬ʵ϶ûиԡ
ݶıȨ
ɿżɽϺֻ˷ʱ䣬翪żɽҳ˵
Σ
һڻؾҲڽ֮У٣ֻǵһκܿܽĶԻ
γǵĳǽ˶սʽԽûܼʱôγǱҲڵ顣
ûиɱ裬Ȼûд̸˼
Ҳ֪Ҫ㣬ߣôԥɱ㡣
㲻Ҳô
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ܹ鵽˽ӣۿ϶Ҳܲ鵽Ȼ²վûܲ͸ǽ
³ǻᱻš
ˡ
˵㵽ΪֹʣµĽףڼĲǽ
Ҫ뿪ȴסš
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ŹأڵоĶУȻϺʿʢս䲻ˡ
**
ɴ˴ֻǰģīΪ˻˵üΣΣաֻʼհȫػصگǣ˱ԭĬԵ
ɣ

˶ţû˵ջĿڣĩԡ
ţ
һʱûӦջֽͣгĩԡ
ŶŶǽɡ
š
ɣ
ͼ㡣
ɣԭᡣ
ձμˮأǡ
ɻδ˵꣬ĩԱս
ɣ
˺ݻడ


79 
ɲûӦĩԳս룬 ǰǲȥĩԵһġ
ܴһȫ˽ս
ǰ
ĩû˵ֱֻؿŽɣ ͸Щʲôһ񡣡
㶣 ĩɶԼЩ˼ˡ
ǰ ܲ˵˵ óʲôսϰʲôɫ
޺ɱ¾ ͵Ϯ ƽǵڶָӣ ÿ˶ǵλá
κλá
ĩ˵ ˼˰Σ ֵγǿҩ
˵ȷֲҩ
̼Լֲģ ΪܹȶҩƷˣ ⱻۡ
ҪѰҩ
ǰˣ

ĩԿŽɵ˵ĻҲ˵˳̫ˣλԼ˵ʦุˡ
ôˣ ҪҪǰ
ɵǵشųĩԣҪﲻɳɫ԰Щ ƺͿʲôˡ
Ҫ̥еġ
ĩԶ˶٣ֻʦ֪
ĩ޵״ӣ еʦȻˡɽûĩԾȻˣһû֪
ж ʮ꣬ˡ
գһľæʵǰ꼸ꣿ
ʮˡ
ɵһĩ˿ʮ꣬һϸ㣬жʮ꣬ػɣȻܳϡ
ô˵ʱĩֻʮꡣ
ĩԵ滹ɻӢˡ
Ϊβǰܹ㡣
ҽھᣬɾͲҲȳĩԡ
Ҫ
ĩԾǿؾܾ˵һ䣺Ҫ
ɲ׳ĩڼʲôȻֻĩԽͣÿ¶ųڶѪʹ࣬ҲҩҪһζҩܿԸҵĲ
ʲôҩ
뵽ͲܺҩԼҲҩĵĵӣгĩҪҩ
Ȫ
ɣ
ͼƬ𣿡
ɣҶ֪ҩлȪ
Ҫȥγǡ
ĩԺܼ֣ɻǵǣǰӡ
ĩȻû˵·˵һУֻӦ¡
սսμˮأϵȻ͵͵ȥ˸īլӡī֪Ҫȥμˮأ㶣ҪСĽŰϾμˮض󣬽ܻܿ°ɱ˽ɣôܳתˡ
֪Ȼô֡
һ㣬Ҳһֶû¡
òһڽµİ׮ͨϢһᰲЩ
á
Ӧº§סī֫§УҲҪúչ塣
š
īŽϵζݺζѡīϴûԼİ֮أˣǱڽɵĻ
̫һˣɽʼǲͬġ
ǶԷ˱ű˴˵ĺ촽ã˲ŷֿڱ˴˵Ļ㲻˵Ǻʱ⡣
ī֪Ȫҩ
ҩ
īӽɵĻɻؿһֶҩĶ
ҽֻҪõõǶҲܳҩЩȫ޷ҩģȪ
Ȫңȫƻҩĵҩԣҩ
㶣ȫĩԵ˼ˣǱƭ˻Ҫζҩ
ôˣ
ɫãīЩǡ
ˣ̥˶ÿ·ŶѪʹ࣬˵ҪȪζҩ׸ԼĲ
ɾԼ˵ò׼ȷ־˵ȪζҩпܿԸԼĲ
ŶѪԶ֮
ī֪ϵĲͶǧٹ֣ǺڳеĹƺͶҲ޷ҽ붾ȫò
Զ̫֮Σգһ
˵ʮꡣ
ī³ĬˣϢ֮ſڣΪȸа취
ֲ֪Ҫ
ī֣Ϊ㣿
˵ֻ޺֪ǾҳޣиС
īգһЦ˳Щ˼γ򵥣Ǹƾֱµˣİǿˣϧ
ûҽʦĸ¾ֱʳûȪĻɡ
ī֪ʲôɴΪûǸ档
һȰȰġ
˿ʱɲҪؾӪ׼ˣؿŸīһº
š
ǸīĴת뿪Ž뿪ıӰī̾˿
ꡣ
һƺͷǰˣС㣬ȥˣ֪СʲôԸ
ްԼԡ
īҡҡͷѾͷȥĶˣĪǱʲôϢīԼ鷿ùһضĶ
ȪǴһϡеĶݣͨɫױϡĵطҩ·ۼҩĶԶһ
ȪѱҵҲᱻҩ˼ʱĶȾҩ
ȪΪ綾һҩΨһֽбҩк͡ҩʳ֮ʹ֮ӳȻ꣬ʳ߱ɡ
˵ĲҩĪ̥Я˱඾ˣǵȷֻлȪ֮ܽ
īȤû뵽֮ȻܼʶֲҩɻȪôҵҪȥѰҲδҲ
Ӱ
īһһ˱ǵģС㡣
Ī
ǡ
**
ʾǰμˮأźҪμˮرˣɺһֱûйǵϢμˮʮӪʮûκζμˮصĵо㷲
ʮһգڵо񾭽ƣ£ͽҾͬʱμˮţգͰμˮعø˴ᡣ
μˮ¹ϴģûפأǰѴγǡ֪Լˣͣפڳĺٳ£ɱڣ˺µļơ
ɽ˽̸֪ʲôһĸȱ˺󣬽ɴźصگǣگǵİٴμеӭλŮϳߵľ⡣
صӪ֪ɵļˣƤⷢڣȻ˶мʱ޴󰭡
ɵģ
š
ｪɹȥĸ⣬ʹûӲûзκ
ҿģԤƽȱһ
Ǻοࡣ
濴ѩ׵Ƥֶһˣ׵ģɲۣԼۡ
ʵΪʱԱٳ£Ҫκ˵
ЦҡҡͷѾͷͦϲðյģԺֶϽűҡ
ǰһÿ㡣
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浣ǣڻǸóֵʱ
ûУûǴ棬ġ
Σĩ޹ûҵȪ
˵ĩԣǸѾͷģ˵ǸĩԵģû򿪿֪ʲô
תȥ˸Сӣϡ
㲻Խ𣿡
Һæġ
淭˸ۣȻˡòҲûд򿪺ӣ뵽Ǹī͵ģϾ֡Ȫ


80 
ĩùɵݹĺӣ һ⡣濴ŶˣǾµĺϣͷװʲô
һ͸ģ ǻӭ
ӭ
治ˣ ôûУ
ĩԲ˺ӣ ͷɫĲҩʮۣ Ϲסˣȥ ҪĩԵĺӡ
ĩ ûеóѣң Ƕж 㲻
˵ תۿɣ ŭǸѾͷʲô˼ҪĩԵ˼ô
ǡ
ͣ 㾾˽ɵӣҲܻ᲻˿ٴ˺ѣֻ߷ߵǾ綾ĩʲô¡
Ҫġ
滹δ˵꣬ ĩԱ㿪˿ڣ񽣰ŵգҲŭ
˵ʲô
Ҫġ
ĩ֣ ʾſɣֵȪҪĶ
֪ǻȪ Ҫʲô
ɿ֮ЩԾĵӪʡŲԼļһʹ һƬʪ󣬿˿ѿˡ
ĺװ
ӪڣͳĩԻڶţָǺӵˡ
Ҫ
Ҫʲô
濴ųĩ񣬱֪ԼųĩԵӣʵңô
ûиղŵʢˣֻҪ
ĩҡҡͷҪ뿪ʱȴסֲţ㲻ңǲߵģ綾ʳ֮ҩɾȡ
ĩԣ
ЩĩŶ½Ųתͷͨ档
ˣһǸϡ
ġ
Ҫβ
ĩһ仰֣˵߶µģͿҪ޳ˣԲ㲻Ҫġ
ĩһְ§뻳Уʱʮӵҹҹλأҹҹѡ
㣬Ҫޡ
ĩѾͷ
һͷĩԵļסƲֿһΪԼԿƣص겻ԽĳŵǳĩȿʼģûΥ档
ˣβˡ
˵ʲô
ƿĩԣץסĩԵ־ҪĩҲֹ󸡸ʱʱʵ
жˡ
̶ȡеĶøá
ѾܾˣΪ㲻ң
漱ۣ֮ǰʱûιԼûܰҪ˾ȻΪҪʷһ飿
ҽȺʲô壿
û취ġ
ĩԾԼĺӣΨһϣ
Ȫҩһӿܶһ꣬Ǵ룬ӲѰҿܡ
û뵽ҩȻ͵Լϣϲ⡣
ʲô˼
ҽ鶼Щһ˵˱ĶΪΡⶾسɺܶܶˣ˱Ķ
оԼѧҽѧˣǱĶΪҪûȪȥ⣿
̥У඾
ĩ˵Ȼ򣬿ȴ쳣ǣԳŵ඾꣬Ȫ̫ңѿƣвѾȡ
Ҳ˵ȪѰѰˣҲûʮɵİܹκóĩԡ
ĩԼ뵣ǵģܣ㣬ԼԵġ
ʲô
ץסĩԵ֣һΪԲҪֿģ
ĩԣ
ײɣĩԣǿ㲻ΪЩ뿪ңΪԼΰô
һͨҪѳĩԵľ֣ŭ֡
ĩҡͷ
֣
ĩԻǲ֣ң㿴
ԼβԼų˻Ȫôٿѡһ֪ĵطð˿
㲻
ᶨصڣ㲻
޾Լǰȥ˵޳ӴһִǱǲҪ֮Լǰ
һκóĩԵġ
㡣
ĪҪ˵ˡ
ֱס˳ĩԵĴƽվͲ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ĩԹȻû˵Ҳû֣һֱע棬ִżᶨʹĸӱ۵סĩԺ˽棬̹ȻνʵִӶʹԼȥĳ顣
Ҳ˾Уܶʹ࣬Լܡ֪尾֮УĩѡΪ˱
ãסĩԺ촽סĲӣȥûоܾһǣûоܾ׵ĸˡ
ΪԼǸƵˣΪ˳ĩԣ̫࣬Ҳ̫࣬޷ܳĩһԵض
һǳˣɤӵҰ㡣
ĩԿ棬һáֵȴû˵µģԼǰ
֪ģˣҲɡ
ĩգüͷһ·нⲻĽᡣ֪ңŷֿԼΪʮȥ˴˵ĸ䵭ģģɳĩԵ͹ԼҲ͹档
ǶûǱ˴ˣǰŨҡ
㣬
ĩԻҪȰ棬ͲԴǣ˵仰ûġûùĩеĺӣȳĩԷӦ˵ˣһġ
ĩü޻еĺӣ죬ȴ˵һ֡
Ҫ֪Ȫķ֪û˱Ҹó¡
ĩ֪֮ϳǸڴеҽ֮⣬û˱ҽ
á
գĩԻӦǼһ۽ΣҶҪš
ЦûӦ𣬳ĩҪסӦԼ֪ǲܵġ
濴Ʊ˭νʵϱ˭ǿ
Ӫ⣬ίͰ͵סԼļȻֻۣüûжı飬ʿǰӡ׻ʱ˹ҪĽɵļϱɺֹҼˣ
ŶŶǸǸ
׻ջ֣ɵԼͷȻӪʰɣȥ
ȥǰͳǰҪ̸
׻һĩҲڣ˲̤ȥĽ˻ȥУˡ
׻Ҵ뿪ıӰɾԼĲ²û
ĩ֮䣬й¡
**
ձݶıȨϢܿʹݣһЩ˵Ĳ
ձĵգˣ֪վôһ죬ҪֻСһֱΪԼǸܺÿƵӣֻڲ֪ѾʧأȻ¡
ԼˮС棬ҲһȥģǴŷһġ
ԼģɲΪƽ͵Լ̸У׼Ǻõġ
ԼɶһЦݣ뷨Լһ¡
Ƕ¶ԷΣԼ
ү֪Ϊ£
ɿżɽ໰֪ĿģҲûбҪס
˵ձݶıһ¡
ʲô£
밲ҵƹݶľӪΪֵ
Цֻһ仰
ֵã


81 
밲ҵƹݶľӪ Ϊֵ
ЦЦȻԣǿˡֻһݣ أ
үԸ Ҳ᲻ͬ⡣
ķһüͷȴϲüң һϲϲá
ͬһϣ ȻҪ
ֲһ䣬⣬ Ȼû뵽̸˳
񽪲 ǿ̲ĺʱ
˵ԼҰģ ȴЦ ֱЦǸĴ ɺɫүΪҪô
һҵ͸ľӪ 𽥰ܿա
˵󣬽ɸӾˣ ΪԼ治ȫֵˡֻҪܵõԼҪģܱԼӵеģǿɱκˣҲܾƻΡ
үмƻ Ǳõġ
ЦЦҲʮ⣬ ֻǲԼµġ
Լʧء
 γ²ɡ
˿ھƣЦʮֿģ ɽܿƤЦⲻЦǴڸī߾ˣҲѧ˲Թɫı죬һΣÿεЦݶǼٵģҲ⡣
ֻԼЭġ
˱ûʲô⣬˵뿪ˡ
뿪ˮС󣬷۲һ·ȷû˸ٺ󣬲ϡٵĽֵϵʵǵĳɹã
ʱͻĺʱ
Ȼ֪˭òģֻһ룬˼ܲ⣬Ҳδ֪
Ҫ뽪ŸɣǸۻͺˡ
׽ʵԲڵġҪʳôŽֲˣʡһ
һˡ
ӦûڷΰҳҲͬʡ˽һ
¶˵ġ
㡣
ȻûιңڸǶ˲¼ɡ
Цķļ򣺡ңλҪԸңҽֻܺ߶ֺá
ǳʧ⣬øҸλλˣ
λīڣҲù

ôоλӶŮˣתӣ
ߣλҪȥƺⰲôܺңʱˡ
ԹӶ˵ģЩƵ벻ףֻý˵е
ֻҪԽģӡ
ǰͳǰΣ
Ȫ͵ĩָĩβԼͳĩӪоٳ֡
ǰƺǰڶصǳδҩĴ㡣
š
ǾٵȵȰɡ
ͣס˽ŲǰǰīլӵķеĶ
е£Ҫȥīլһˡ
ô
Ѿϰ˽ҹޣÿ϶׼ʱصӪκξ񣬷Ҳɵˡ
ֻǴ̫ĻǲеģϾرǹأκ˶Ȩ
ġ
ֻҪȥһīӦᵢ̫á
á
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ǽɵһμӰī˵ԼӰ֮һӰīȥֻ˵ҪһˣΪ˵鶫ݲܼ֮¡
īҪܼ֮£ѵȥ˲ܺ
ܺ˵ϵȥ¥ԼӦ¥뼰ˣɱȥ¥ոīϰԣϲֺŷԷȾƣԽֺŷǰ
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īû˵ǲܺԽԽˣ㣬ҶԽ˼Ҳ޹أ
ɵһ˿ãīԼˣܺô˵ˡ
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ˡ
ܺһ뿪īʱŹסɵ֣ţ뵱㡣
ɿЦΪθīҪܺͻ ܱȣΪҪִ
ǲϲ䲻㣬ҵҲ졣
ɲ֪֮ǰ˻ЩʲôīܺǲԼԲŭĵ׵⣬ִܺ
ǣ˭ҡ
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ȻܺԼжʱˣǽɴûдܼҵ£һûʱ䣬ûҪ
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Ϊܺ˵ܼһһ䳡ģҲǴʱʼġ
Щѧɾ뿪ˣҲ֪ȥڽҲûǵš
ī˵ȻΪܼӦǰ͵ȥˡ
ԼǲԣЩصúãǾжơ
ɾøī˵еأϺСһЩȻǺõġ
ײܺĻܺȴһֱҹ¡
ī˵üͷҲЩܿĺܷ꣺ʵˡ
Ǻ޲øȫ磬ҵģ˭졣
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ɵĳ֣վԼ̬ȣī콵ԼеĲʡ
ţлᣬһܺ˵ġ
ɼīףƺֺˣŵҪƹݶ
¡
īЦ˼֮ˣѹۻ
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īЦҡͷۣʣô˵ģ
ȥŵȥ
˵󣬸īЦ۾Ҳˣˣе㻵ˮġ
˭ϲɽۻأ
īգֹȥɵԽԽˡ


82 
ԽԽˡ
īɵ ˾ȻЩ˼ӣЦţӣϷҸŮ竡
𣿡
īЦøˣ һ˫ģ ǵĺһҾأ
󣬸īɵĻ ЦҲֻϷһˡ

§§ī֫ ֫ģߣ ߺָ쳣ã ˰֡
书ô
ɾԼȸīӲˣ Ƕǽʵļ⡣һαī Ǵϳ˷ ʱī̺ȣ Ҳ˿£ɱ㻳书
Զ ҵ岻ʺ䡣
ΪΣ
Сʱ纮壬˸Ե
ī赭д˵ţȴòζ ½ī뿪
īҪúչԼ壬 ĪҪ̫͡
á
īӦº־֣ ѾǽɵһԼúչˡƽϸĶ̻֣ɽɸԼĸо Ԥ֪Լô˵ġ
Ϊһֱչ壬֪ʲô
īȻⲻ̫ܣôܹԤϵᷢʲôԼһģɽɵıʵ֡
ҡ
ϸīֱµԼЩֲˡ
ֻǵ塣
æȥ˵Ȼีī̫Ѩֵоÿʱÿ̶˼ô
˼ĻоûȫС
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գЩ۵׸īͷżϢһûµġ
š
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ȥ
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أ
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ȥ£ܿͻˡ
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ңͻȻϹˣʲô
˵꣬һ°Źˣ¥ݵ
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á
׸īĹǣϾػʺϳڴڵǱ֪ǾԼľӪۻþһֶȥԼ
ɺ͸īֵ𣬸īڻլӵ·ϡҹϸ꣬һֽɡ˴˵ꡣ
鵽ô
ţ鵽ˡ
Χϸ΢·ỺĽŲûпɵˣҲС
ϾͰ׮ڸʲô쳣ǻЩɾ
и֮ˣҲ۵ˣ֮ƺѰҳԵ䣬ƺѰټ
Ҷˡ
С㣬Ǹô죿
ãǸ֮ɸīôҲܿԸī֣ʱɾ鷳ˡ
ǾøԺ͸֮˴˵ìټһЩɡ
գ˵ͷϴڸ֮˸֮ƬӦѾøԺ͸֮϶ˡ
ţ򸵳֮Ҳᱻһ£ҵʱ˸֪˸֮ɣʱһ֣øԸӲθ֮
Ƕ֣Իʧȥжô
ＦȮʱ򣬸֮ܵþǸˣ᲻ʧȥжϲ֪϶϶Ǽġ
һ˵ţһߵլǰֻڰһƺߣӰӰ˳С㣬ɱǵˡ
ţ˰ɣԺӵСˡ
ǡ
ǰڰ˵С㣬ƻҪЩˡ
ţİɡ
߽Ժӣī˳ֲ˲һԵľ軨֮ܿûˡ
**
СǯӰѻȪеһϣϸضã˿Ҳ޲
ĩ§§㣬ҪԼôѹ
⼸նûô˯һֱоȪͳĩԵѪһʵ⿪ĩԵĶ
̫ãҪԺüεĻȪ
ͷˣ̲סһǣĴóĩһ§סֽסЩ
㻹㣬ò
ܹĩκϸ΢ı仯ָȡ
㣬ĪҪ㡣
ĩԵĲӿʼ죬Цһ·˿߲ڳĩԵĶ䣬˵˵ƺˡ
ǵõݴӮһսҶ˾ƣųĩԽԼӪʡԼʱûоܾԼ⿪ʱҲûоܾΨԼ˵绰ʱ˲ŻյԼĪҪ㡣
ˣѾҵһʵķҽˡ
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ĩЩϲ⣬ѾĴ㣬δа취
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üҲϲɫԭѪϡͻȪĶԣֻҪϡ˶ԣôͿԵõȫˡ
ԭˡ
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š
ĩûи棬ʮʱ򣬱ĶһζʱԼէէȣͷʹѣ̲סҪײǽȥһ˰ˡ
ζĩ˷Ѫ΢滺ǾʹֻҪܹκԼĶ۶ʹҲܵģġ
ʲôʱʼ

ᶨҷҹȪɫǳҶҲϷãΪʡ
á
һ§סĩԵ֫һһֱġ
š
֪ĩԲԴǣܶ˵ڣ约¡ˣ֪ʱԼ˵Щʲôóĩ԰һЩ
ȸ䣬ܽô
⣬ҪóȻš
ܡ
Ӧһ󣬳ĩԱſ棬վһԣľͷ
󣬿˶һۣǸʵҪ¡
֪ˣƨš
˶Գĩ֮⣬˶ģǰԼѳġ
īϢһ˲ٹʵ۵ˣگǡ
ͳĩԶԿһۣԼ˴еǡ
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ҪЩˣ
ԣս³Խʱܻᱬսʵ۲ʱѾͷЩʲô
˵ĵҪǵİæ


83 
ս죬 ݺҲһЩ¡
گкüʧ٣ٸ鲻ȻݴϢ ˵ʧٵĶǳ͢٣ ٸӴȵ飬ûκν
Щ˾ƾʧһ һʱֵ֮Ƿꡣٸˣ 뽪ɰæ飬ɱɻؾˣ Ͼǹٸ£ Ǿ˸¡
Ȼ ɲæ һԭ Ҫ۽Щʲô
⣬ ݸҲ£֮ ֮˽˸֮µҵøԲȻŭѾüûм֮ˣû֪ʲôɸ֮Ȼܡ
گǾӪڣ ΧһСžơȾƣȴ˾Ʊ ƷļһﲻܺȾơ
͡һ㣿
һҲС
ô˵ȣ˭һƾϳ¥ģ ·ػͱ㶪ˡ
ܱܲ˵
Ҹȥ ϾҶڣ滹һӶɻǵõʱһȥǧزȾƣԭôһȤ¡
²˵ɲаʱҪˣ˵Լʵǻģ˵Ҫ·
׻Ĵɤ޵ݣѾѰ׻ˡ
һĬԵҲ̲סЦΧʮֺã˿Ҳǽɾúѵõƽ
ԣȾҾǹ
ýľƺҲ˹˿ءɫ˲٣ڵı඾ڴϸչˣָٶȺܿ졣
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ŵЦЦںܱƿȨ
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ȻǸīԸԼҲֻ˳ˡ
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á
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ڰǰ֪ʲô
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84 
ߵ䳡 ֻǷȴûҪ˼ֻ굽䣬ʵСҼҽʲôϵ

걻ˣ ǲ֪Ĵ𰸣 Ǿ÷ʵеɵ
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֪ΪΣʵù ҲīȻû˵˵ȥ Ҳûֹ˵ȥô߷ ӦҲǿԵİɣ
ҲԼˣ øûʲô⡣
գ һ Լֹϵ Ůӣ Ŀô
꣬һνģ ƺԴ˲ʲô˵ġ֮ǰ㷢ֽɺ͸īĸЩ棬佪ǻī˲
ʱ;ô˶˵ĹϵƺЩ֣Ҳû룬 ԭô
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ǰͽһ飬Ϊɻ߷ û뵽˱ȸīصû
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˵ ɵȷٻ̸Լ˽£Լ˵ˡīлԼ һ漰λӣǣ㣬ɲ˵֮С
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Ҳ㰲ˣĩܹôҲࡣȻû˵ͳĩԵĹϵǵĻҲǰĿŵɽɻܿ
ǿű˴˵ʱǲһģֻע䰮֮˲Żе񣬲زסġ
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ݲܼҷһЩ鷳£ΪܼҴŽһǮݷչ²֪Ϊй¶˰յĿֻš
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ڱʱˣûģû


85 
ݱμѹ֬࣬ ѹյ鲻֪ιʴݡϤȷдº۲Ȼŭμҳ˼ң ȫѺεȺ䡣
תĸҴŮԼĸ׵³ ٸշ񲣬 ҩʯ顣ҶΪ飬 ɸֻ޲μиʧصںԺС
£ ۻ˸빬 ̸ҹ ԲŴӹ ݲö֪
ڱݱμҽã ɴ֮ μȫиϼμҵκˡ
ɢ μйϵĹˣ׷μи»»ǣǡ
μҳº󣬸Եһֽ͵ϣ ĸʫ͵һСǵıԺãÿǹ
Ҳǻˣǰն֪Ϊθ֮㣬 ֳ£ֻ˵Ųҡ
ҲֻԶݵǸŮ ûܵκβ
ݺݵĶƺƽöˡμˮض֮ һֱûٴ£Ҳ״̬Ҳˡ
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ս²ϣȴڴʱڲ֮ˡٽʿְҲбְģֱȱУһ˲ˡһЩˣʿЧҲϬ˲١
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86 
ٽҾ ٵĴ󲿷ֶİ׮òᡣ˲Ųף ֻܴݶֹȥ ޷ƿݶľʵȨֻص˽ɵϡ
Ȼ רĶԸ Դȴ޲
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īһݣϧǵһĲֵվֻһĽӡ
ˮû취ǣȥû취ΪǱ𡣡


90 
İķֻһյ ޾ڰУֻһ˿ԴϢǳǳĺڿУ񾭺ƾʹ ʱϿ
Ȼ ɱʲôԣСͱֻɱ˵Ĺ ˵Щɱ֣ Ҳ⡣
īƵ˵ţ˵Ǹģ ֺ
Ƶ Ǻô Ǹˣ Ҳûʲôһ˵ ɵˡ
īӱǼⷢϸ΢Ц Ƿ̣ һؿʳ˵񾭡
㵽˵ʲô
һȥī˵ĻǸī˵һĪģ ˵ע
˵̬ɶīǵĻִһЩ룬 ˮһս۹ƻзֶ뿪ݰɡ
Ҳܲᣬ Ͼۻ֪λŮʲôϷʱͿ Ůˡ
˵ʲôҪٸȦӣ
ụ̂ɸī˵ÿ仰ڴʹ񾭣ʹҪĥˡ
ãȻɱãŮңֻܰ㡣
ƾʲô㣿
˼ѵ̧ͷŬؿ帵īб飬Ҫûѡ
ҲֻˣŮʵҪɱ÷ֶҲǳ£Ҹ˽ۣʱɱá
ī˵󣬷޾ĳĬУֻһҡҷ˵ϣڵĹٶʹŤ
īӷ֮󣬱ԡһ׼ó׼緹
С㣬С㣬ɿ𣿡
š
īӦһССҧһ⣬ζãҲ
ԼɱЩˣýɰæ
ǴһЩһЩı̫ܵԶطפҲ˽⡣
īﻹε֣ʵС㣬ôôӰ˼춼ʲʲô취
һɱãձǣ˵ֶڡ
СĴɱ𣿡
Щ۵ˣзգɱ˾ͺá
ˣǸأҪôã
ɱˣڡ
ī˶٣ֳһС⣬ŵһҪ֤еʵԡ
ˡ
**
붬սҲͣЪƺĬƵѡϢ
ݾǣģ緹ֻиһϯϣˡԴӸ֮󣬴Ҳ˾ʳûгҲδʹ
еķˣģֱһ˽ү
ʲô£
üͷеҲûζ
˵ݵɱþݵ٣δٵҲֱӵӣߵˡ
ǽģ
ǵģү
ԵɫӲڷһ˼ʲô
ɱǰæŵģвٶǵˣ񡭡
˵ˣ˵Щûá
԰ѿӷ£һīʲôͣý˰
˵鸵ī֮Уɱõ˲ûдκϢˮֶ汻١̶һ£ݵɱýˣЧʺֶʵ̫ˡ
ү˵īͽɵȷվͬһߵģ븵īкͻԼ¡
衣Ҫ˵ʲô˵ɡ
°뽪˺
ԳĬź˲²͸ʲô
뽪ڰȫûг֮⣬ڸɽۻɱֽ٣ǵԽԽǿˡ
ֻҪԼץȨʱһŰ߿
գ΢΢ףʾͬ
ȷλá
ݲܼҵ£үҲףͻȻƻݷչҲΪ
֪
ڲܼҳµʱ򣬱Ѿ˲ܼҵĵףǲȫڸңǸƫڰϧڲܼѱöѾˡ
үò
衶˶٣Ȱīͽɵƫ밲ôǱΣˡ
ʱһ°ˣҶùҲܹɡ
**
ɺ͸ī֮󣬱̫Ҫæֱʮһ£īڳһʱ䡣
ī£߽ɵġҲ߽ɣīϲȻϿʲô֪һ층īرա
˺ְŮˡ
ɰ¼ϣһգоȥǶҸī
ǰīЩȣɴֻǿĵģôˣæô
һһĬǴҶæ㲻ն棬ī⽪ɣ⸵ī
ղæźþûˣ㡣
û˵ΪīףģΪ˵ϲֻͨӣůĵ顣
īЦִӺصΪļϺͷϵѩô֪ɡѩϸö䡣
Ͳˡ
컬ࡣ
겻֪ʲôʱ뿪ˣ˽ɺ͸ī
ȵվơ
īɵůůӣɰѱϣůůģŰѾƺȥ
Ƚɺ꣬īָһİɡ
ţ
ҵ
ī¾ƺýɵĶͷװɵ
ɵЦˣʱܲܲô
ī˵ʱҲôУɽ̫ůЦԼģԼ԰һʱ䶼ԼЩصĻ
վ˵˵ɡ
á
˳Թ緹󣬸īŽȥ޷ǼԼױ̨Ϸһµĺӣ򿪺һ֧ӣһ֧ĩǾ軨ĻϸǴʮְ
ϧм˽𣬿ʮͻأǶϹģýӰѶϿĲ
ҵĶ
īӷŵϣָ⻺ӣ״
һβ֮͸ҵģ˵еˡ
īʲôЦζˣЩˣǸһٱԡ
üͷŭһȼ𣬺޲ھͰѸ˺ˡ
֪ô⳥ңѧôദֻ֪ӻκζϾ¥ģһֱ¡
ҵԭµġ
īӣŵǰϸضһᣬ˼ɵԶ˼
ΨһҵΡ
īԶȻĵУ̲סִļϡ
˽Ӳ΢ɸʫȴҪЩ˸
īЩԣ˵Ҳеߵɽɴ帵īе˼Щ˸߸ʫīӵӣʫ
īָ䵽мǽɫͻأϣұסģòģҲָܵõ
ԣ԰ˤˡ


91 
ԣ ԰ˤˡ
£Ұֻиī΢ִٵĺ нɵǵĿ⡣
һ ʧȥ˼ֵʫҼ 뿪ˡ
īЦ ȻӷŻص뿪ʱӴߣ ޸ˡ
˸īߣ ֣ ֻīĵվ ǲᡣ
ī˵ ֵһͦƵġ
ȱݱ ˿á
ҡҡͷ˭ȱݣ ҲУһ֣Ҷϲ
һ仰޷˵Ļ Ͳõ˵ĺãɾеġûģȱ㣬 棬ܹܸīеġ
ĲȫУ кݶ
īתͷɣ ЦЦһǣҲΪʲôܰԼԭӵҵС
ҿôסòͻٵ
á
ɾڸղʹԼʱԼ븵īվͬһߣôԼܻܿԭһȥ

Ǻֵģȴøī£Ϊĸīֶκͺݾ
ջǰȱݣɱϾΨһĶˡ
ջ񣬿ֽԼԼĶ
ںܳһʱīԼģɵӣֻԼʵߵġ
𣿡
ޡ
īѺӺϣְһ·
ûаĺޡ
ڸҵӣֻҲֻҲѡ˺ҡ
īҡҡͷ̾˿ֻһҲڸҵһС
ˣЩ㣬ҺЩ
ī˵˺ö໰ҲһֱţīԺ£Ըңر
˵ī˼̫أ˵ǳȥỼĲġ
֮Ѿ࣬һ˵ġ
īվŽ̯֣ҵأ
㶣ī״㲻û׼ɣ
Ȼǡ
ɴԼĻóһķӣ򿪺һöָָǰƵģ֣ǡɡ͡īĸ֡
Ϻõ֬Ҳ̵úܺã˲˼
óǰҴġ
Щ˼˵Щ˵һ˵ָϴ˽ָǱѳ׵ˣָ˽ָѶ׵ˡ
īװɵ˼ЦʵΪָ֪ĴС
˲ô֪ܲ
ͼΪʲô
ɣϵͳҪ֪ô࣡
ͼ۸ϵͳأ
īҲٻһ£ɺܿ׽ɵ˼Ҳе㷺졣
ԸΪ𣿡
ŽָīͷЦȻ
Сī֣Ҫָϣɸīָָϡ
𣿡
ԡ
ɰѰָСشڸīֵָϣЩɼжôš
ָϺ󣬸īЦЦȻδ˵˵㲻ѳ׵ˣ
Ƿһ񡣡
Ѹī§УʱĶԸīĴְֺޡ
ʵҲںǸ˵Ҫöָ壬Ѿˡ
š
Һܿġ
Ǹīģĵһˡ
Ȼǲ̫ϲнڣʲôӣԹúܺá
īǣŽɵ֣ߵԺӣʵĻӦûЩóԵģпڸˡ
ī֪ϲԣʳʲôܳԡʳǲ֣üڼƤóԣôʳ
ֺóԵģɵ۽Ƕ˼ϲɫԺº󣬽ɱػ˵һЩҵ¡
ţ
īȤû뵽޺ӵ£ԶܽϾǽɵĸĸ
˵Ǹױ֧ˣػţҪٻ
գīЦЦƣЩ񣬻侲һЩ
Ҳô˵ġ
ɶ˶٣Ҵһ˼ҵŮమѵ̸ۼ޵ĵز
ϧûüȢףͱˣҴҲˡ
Ƕ֪ﻳеϢڵ֪ģȴ
ڹŴŮδܴ裬ļȴûйСذﱣΪҶϿޣΪǾǴӢۡ
ϧΪԼҴ屻ԼһεѹܾԼĴڣҴ岻ᱻۡ
ɵ񰵵īزʲôҪѱ˵ĹԼϡ
ֻǸӤʲô֪Ҵ屻Ϊ㣬ǽҰĺ̰
īѽɶǰ鷢𵽶ֵĪҪԼ
š
ˣһ㸺жûУҲǲܵġ
˵ҵܱ׾ģ׷ʱɵĶ˵ÿЦá
Ҳɵġ
С
ɲԼɵģȻī˵Լɵϣֲɵ
ҵʵϲǰ˵ǺܵǶԣһˡ
š
īţ޴ȥκִȥŷݣһЩճ飬ҲȤ
˿ʱ䣬ͻȻվˣһҪһ
ʲô
īΪָͲˣû뵽ɻоϲԼ
ȵţҪȥ
īգֻЦȴûӦ¡
ѽȥȥȥͻء
á
īӦˣɽȴûȥȥͻأءīֻ꣬˵ڹĵһֺµĶȤ֪ʲô
īô˵Щڴˡ
ڳһʱʱһ̫ԲεԲʲīǰʲ㣬Ϳ̰ɫĶ滹ббдˡī֡֡
ʲô
īֿɣְֺ׵ģǲ࣬˿Ǳɵ̲סЦְｪĨȥϵĺɫСè
һе޴롣
ⲻǽɵһʵкöྭ顣󣬽ɸȥ°࣬⻹ǵһΡ
е⡣
⣿
īҪȥḬ̃ɫĶȴֹˡ
ܳԣԸ
Ҳʵ򣬱ʡԵ裬Ըеͺˡ
Ը
īʵǲϲԸģΪԼõʲôȥȡʲôԸ翵顣
ǸīԼ壬ԸٶҲ塣ī˫ֺʮ۾ĬĬһԸ
ī۵ʱ򣬽ɱЦŵ˺ˣе⣡
óһСذףݵīϣøīЩ޴룬֪ô֡ɼ״Ƶīץסī֣ŵһ
£ī漴תͷϽɴҪһӡһ
лл㣬Сῡ


92 
ڸīʱ˸īһ죬 ɵīԼɶԴȴһ֪
ǽģûй Լʱ䣬 Ƕ죬ӦȸīЩ˵˺ īû˵ʲô ȴ˴㡣
 ֻǺ͸īڴһϵ죬 ûκβΪദģʽ Ҳ ֻҪīһ ;
죬 ɵݵɱ÷ֶ棬˾ٻΰ룬 ϾЩֶͨ˵صİս˹ϵǱɱȻΪ˷ġ
ݵȴһٲ Ѿ޷ϳڶ󳼵ı£̫ѡֻ ԣԼݱ֮ǰ ˭׼д̫ѡľᡣ
ۻǴģ̫ѡˣ ˭֪ǵĸӣͬڳõǣüֻ̫Ӻ󣬳õӶӣֶθӲ̣ҰҳһƬ
뽪һɵڳϳòɿ˽¸Ѫͻ۹ܶܲˣⸯҰζӡ
ʱ򣬸֮һʱݣҪԵ鸵ī߻书ǿȫ׼ȥ˸īҲôһθīôʱĶԻ
ֳʮָˡ
ī֮裬ģʮֹɣģɸ֮о˸īĲԾŵʵо˲
֮ŸīǼĲʵЩ꣬ɳúܿ졣
ֳ˵Цˣɽˮˣȥ
֪Ҳ˼
֮𸵼֮˲٣ʱʧȥִ硣
ֳʲô˼
ݶ꣬ǲѾԼɣͽˡ
īһڲ裬ɻֳΪλôΪ޳ЩӶãʲô
װɵˡ
֮Ÿīһ޹ģһĺ˹һֶΣյֱ
ͺʲôڲ֪Ѿɳ޷Ƶĵز
㶼ɱˣͣܲ򵥡
֮˵īֻЦЦֳĲ˵ʲô
һ޹صҪԼʲô
ǰ˼
ּ֮ᶨصڰﰲԿݵ˽⣬ϰİܹ¡
ҲΪʲôҪȢΪ޵ԭ򡣡
úõĸҳŮѡȴҪѡһŮʼø֣֮ͨˡ
īǹһȣȷΪ˰
ŮϣΪѰһˣҵˣҰкβɣ
ī˶٣ֵͰһ·ˣΪεֳȴҰŰԿˡ
ĪҪװɵ
֮ҡҡͷľ뿪լӵĳ嶯Ǹ֮Ǹ֪δ֪ĵʱģԶǣ㡣
ֳɫ̫ãǲǲ
û¡
֮˲Լϵ亹Ȼվȸˡ
֮뿪󣬸īЦ۾˲˽СʵС㣬Σ
֮ȻǸݰֱͦ׼
𸵳֮ղèһĵĿ־壬ī̲סЦ
ҲԼҺԼʱ򰡣
С㣬Ǹ鷳
Ҳҵһѵ
īһڲ裬븵ҷĿϷ룬Һڴ
ѾңǷĿʲôϵ
ͲˣҺܿͻɷ壬αضһ٣
ϲɱ˸ԣǰȴһҲ
īָűأˣôֻʣ°Źһټ𰲶Ļᡣ
ԵһһϦġ
īӻóһţҷ֣ɱõˣȫ۵ˣԵѲʳˡ
ݴϢ
һû뵽ݴôõ鱨
š
ˣٵһʱͺãһʵʱ͸˳ˡ
ˡ
**
֮û뿪ݣƺֹΪҪ鸵īƺʲô
գյһţǸ֮ţ˵ԼˮСһۡյŵĽɣһʱ÷֪ͨ˸īīֻɴһ仰ϸ밲
ҹɸ˸֮ԼҲǽɵһ븵֮ĽӴ
˳øīмƣüĿʸԡ
ӣ֪ԼҼ棬ʲôô
ɱƽȴЩܾǸīԼ飬һѻ
֪͸īк
ɣ
ͼ
ĺɻ󣬿ɱƽûлӦʲôֻؿŸ֮
ַӦǶԵİɣ
ͼӦðɡ
㿪ʲô
֮ѻ˵󣬽ȴЩţǵ˵ûҪ㡣
ѪҲһ˵ǣιҵǸʵѡ
΢΢ۣ͸һ˿Σյζ뵽ԶԸīһУ̲סŭˣҳǿߡ
̸ҿǺͰ˭ֶθǿ
ʵڲϲ븵˽Ӵ˵ֵ֮ҲԶҳ֣һӡ
ͬҲһš
ȷõԼľܾ֮ǰԲԼֵġ
뿪ˮС󣬽ɻص˾Ӫδ븵īˡ
ôˣ
븵̸֮н
̸Ĳ²֮ڡ
ɳۣӪﻹͳĩԣ˱ʱ뿪ɸīڵλǰػرܣҲʲôܡ
ðɣ˵ԣȻī˵ûرܣ˱
ڸΪҺվڰ
ţˡ
֪ʲô飬ңɻ᳢£㣬Ը֮㣬ô
û
Ұ˵ģˡ
ɶ˶٣͵˵ҳǿߣǸҿ˭ǿҾͰ˭
գīһĨЦݡ£ĩȴ˿ڣīΣա
ղԼ˼īߣĩôһѣͻȻˣҪȴҪīߣī밲лԼԻīҪ鷳
صģΪڶңܶĴȶԸĴ֡
ֻҪԶ֣ҲԶˡ
˵ɱ
£ͳĩ໥һֻۣǴɱ
ԣҺܿʱˡ
ī˵ֵ¼λѡҲ²ǸҰҲΪݡ
ʱ밲ͻʲôʧ˶Ϊģʱɱ޻ϣнڿԲҡ
˿ҲŰɱˣ㱻Ǹңɰһˮȴôϴ
˵ģʵڲЩΪʲôƵġ
ˣʧƣȻƫ£Сῡ
ī䴽һЦʱĻˡ


93 
רע뽪ʱ ݴϢвٴ󳼽ıᣬ ְĸְ ҵĳңͷĿͷ ֳ˲СĶ
Ѱζǣ Щ󳼶ǸҺͰһˣ˿ ֵĺֻܿǴҶ֪ôģ Ͼֶα𰲶 ѷЩ
Բں紫˭ɵģ ֻҪĿĴﵽС
Ȼ ΪԼܹͶʱ ȴԼݵĸۡС
˲˳Ұжģ ˼Ӻĵϣݵ˵Ǹ֮˶ٷ ˡ
֮˲ɵˡ
ŭ£Ѹ֮ؽȺ䡣֮ԩ ûȥݣݺö˶ҧ֮ ҲƲһѣ˵֮Ľ
֮Ǻѻ ˽⸵ҵ˶֪ǵĹöЩ꣬ɱ˲ٵ·ˣõҰæܵϵλģǳ˽⡣
۶ɣûֱ֤֤֮ɱ֮ǱԶ׼֤ݺģѾ˸̡֮
ʱ򲻱ʲôֱ֤ݣǰѳ߲Ҫġ
ݸլУԿǰһ飬޿ĴˣеĲԽԽء
ү㣬Ⱦȳ֮ΨһĶˣ㣡
˵ķڵϣϵسŸԿͷɸȴΪΪˣ˵˭ϤԣǱǴˡ񸵳֮£Ϊ˱ȫԼԶȻ¸֮
Ϊ˱ԼĶӣ˻ϣԹķ֮飬һԼĶӡ
Ѵ˴ȥ
ֻ˵һƺѾԤԵľ㼫ţԣӣ֪ģΪʲô
ΪΪҪҪΪ
գţһֻҰޣִţԣѪˣ
Եüͷ˶תۿˣķ۵ס
㲻ú㲻ú͸Ǹһú
Եüͷһȥ
˱ˣ谵Ĵֻʣ¸һˡղŴ˵ڶУôѲˡ
ǸˣˣǸǰҲԼú
һɺӸԵĽŵȫͺյĻǴӵסĽһ˼֪һڹǸƵĺѻôܻݡ
үӵ¡
˹ȴһ۶ʲô취
飬Ǹþȣڵľƣû취
衵ԽԽͣһǳɸʼûиһ
֮ұסˣҲܾôˡ
үҪʲô
һġ
ûи衸ô뿪󣬴һƬУ·Ÿζ
**
ɱȥ˰£Ҷ»βʱµĽչ
Խȥ̽˸֮Ÿ֮ͷȥۡǶˣ˵ʳɸԵĺݾҲ
븵̸һҹ󣬸Ըϻ磬ص˶ϼңټ󸵼Ҿʹʧ˵ҰС
ȻΪϷ븵īѿƣ˵ݲָ̽ԲûټͰƺ֯Ƶ۵ļƻ
ݰ׮رһڼӸԣЩġ
ҲŸԾʹ˸ϻ磬Ϊ
󣬰ļ̳ߣȻӻͳ꣬ûзȨ˼ż
Ȳ֮ڰק»λͬˡڸīԤ֮Уҽˡ
ɿϵǷţ滹ƽϾҲ¡
Ѿͷȥɡ
˵󣬽ȴҡҡͷΪģȥͺá
˴̸УǴӦ밲ˣӦÿʲôô¿
󣬸īļ򣬵ĪҪţ֮ϲ̰֮Ϊ飬Ϊ˲׿ƣҲ׽סѱ
˵³֮ҪݵıȨͺã޷ԤıȨд󽫾֮λ
á
գ˵һ̸Уδܹ밲ˡ
ϲѶעѹͬһطһץһ÷
Ȼа취ðòѡǡ
īЦֵ񰲶ϷҵֻҪ֪Ϸָ̼СΌϵܺãôͺܺðˡ
Ҳ뵽ϵĪʽϵڣֻѡԼս²ϣԴȱôǰõѡ

ʡ
Ȼܵġ
˵ûʣоīֹô򵥣ҵһ飬һлȨ
ؼ˵Լҵйһ֪ġ
ī˵󣬽ɵ˵ͷʾףСһЩ󣬴ұɢȥˡ
Ӫֻ½ɺ͸īˣ·ǴҵĬӡ
ǲ룬ȥլӣ
š
ÿΰɶò֪īϲ֫ӴɰһҪӣ̫ܿܵԡ
ÿÿ뵽īҪίȫɾͻ־صϮ
ɵϣ¡
ʱֱɱ˰Ҵֱݡ
ɳԼǶߵʱīʱ̶侲
֪㽹ǣҪңҿӦ
Ҳί
£ܵûġ
īסɵ֣ЦˣһǸˣԼԿġ
á
ҹȥˮС˰ɳɽȣǹЦݣò뽪¡һӸԼĴõˡ
ȻһģַθµĸоֻӲš
ǳ¶Ҫ㣿
лү⣬ֻǳԺоȾơ
ǱͲǿˡ
ֵýжȣҲֵƽ˭͸˴˴˿̵˵˲ٽɵĺû޷ǱǿͣǶıŹΪ֮ġ
һûһӦţֱ⣺뽪Ҳ֪
ү˵ʲô
ʧȥҿɽʵѣȺס
ү˵ЦˣүǴΨһļ̳ߣȺ֮˵
󣬱㲻ˡ
գĬԭУڸīķ£ǵõ˽֧֣ԳƵۡУīΪ˺ܶ££ģҲ£˾ģһжôȻλСӸв
Ȼڴľһ㣬Ѿ˷Сӵ˼Ҫסãѹ˵ҰģҪ֧˱ԼӢۡ
үϣΪʲô
ڵϵλԿ
үȻʵҵĽʿжʮˣⲻҵľӿԻġ
һ취Ҫõ֧֡
һоԵЭ飬ֻҪˣôõķͻˡȻӴԺ۵ждˡ


94 
ˮСֺŷڣ ճĬ˼£ֻĸ˵ĺϵڿУһĪķΧ
үҿô
Ȼ һÿ ˲ţֵøࡣ
΢΢ Ȳԣ ƤЦⲻЦŲΪ֪˼
³֮ ҪݵıȨ ݲøԤȨ
գ ɫ䣬 ɺеĹâƺһЩ ȥ˲ںڰе ݵĸԤΪô
үˣ ҵ˼ǣݲøԤ¾ڳ͢
ɶ˶٣Źһº һ
޷ȫ˽߾սµҪʾݣһһѾ˾õĻᡣ
Ҳն࣬ Źò£Ҫľ֧Ȩ
˺ Ĭ˼Ϣ˶û˵ ֱڿڣү롣
о㲻ˡ
˵꣬ɱŷ뿪ˣν滹˳Ѿ˵ˣֻȰЭˡ
**
պûɷְڵԼ˲ȥԼ¡
Դˣɲо⣬Ҫһ˺ҲҪȴģһһ֪ĺܿ£ʱԼ
ȥǶɽׯҵ˸īȻѾҵ䣬ͱŵݵĸīӰ죬δ븵īԼ
īһĪҲǰԸӵԭ
үʽ£
𡮽ֻнһˣΨһϿɵĽ
š
˶٣Ц֮ǰ˵뽪Щ飬㡣
īڿеָ΢΢£ȴɴЦ⣬ȷЩ顣
ʵ뽪ЩƣΪ岻˵ЩͶԵ
īٵ˵ţ棬ϡ
֮ǰү˵£ұһЩ
ī˵Ḷ̌һһ䶼˾Ҳû¶κλɵɫ
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֪ĪЩ飬ΪŹأĪگǿٷչ˶Žܵĺϵ
ɫ˱䣬ɺܿЦŵȷǸŮӣʵѵá
ţ·˵˺ܶɱ֯ľݵ㡣
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һЩڽɵ²뿪ûжʲôҪƵġ
С㣬ȥ
Ī
ī˿ڲ裬ЦҪ˭˶˵ʧȻҪ֤ʵһ˵Ļα
ء
ҷ£жҵԤڡ
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ǡ
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գ֧ͷ£ȴͼͻһ
ͼС
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գ˰أ־ͲѪҺУʱ׷ʵôˣ
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¥󣬽ŵʱôǰôࣿ
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ǰ˿꣬ôīˡ
ԣøī
ͼΪԺܶʱ߶ıˡ
ͼ˶٣Ҫһᾡṩġ
Ͼ겻ɣͼҲٵˣ뽪ǹġ
ɣҵãȥī
ԽԽȥ˸īīվگǵլУɻ𼱻ǵظΪʲô¡
ôˣżӡ
ɴŸīɫ󣬿κļ
ңҾˣ㡣
ˣĬĬ뿪Ժӣѿռ˽ɺ͸īЩִٵģīȻʲô˸ģ
ţ
ī̾˿Žɵһ£ֻǸȾһЩ纮¡
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ˣ
ɣԹҩˡ
ã
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ֻС
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ÿ죬ɫһЩܿ˫۶ˡīģӦ
ɴŸīصӪǱȥġ濴۶ˣʵô£
ˣǰѰ
£һأһΪôˡ
泯Ÿī֣ī£֣˰ɵɫرأīԣʵôˣ
ʲôԾĵطô
żԡ
īӣѩֱ۳ǰֻڲɼѪܣɫЩ
жˡ
ջ֣ԸīĴ㵣ֻԶжѽ⡣
ʲô
ȸīһ˳ڣĵǣɫȹŹʱء
һԲѽ⡣
浣лһ˿˷ܣһδԶһµս
ôᡭ
īɲţ¶СˣΪλж¶Ǻˣīɣ˵ɫҰףжһ
Ϊ֪ԼĲ򵥣
ҪȡһѪоһ£֪ʲôҲܽ⡣
á
ī滮ָȡ˵ѪȻ˸īһҩƵĽⶾȻⲻܼӡ
ãллǰ
īһ½ⶾĩо֮ҲµģֻҪʱ䡣
ǰҪã
κ˶״οˣôżжǸƵġ
ʱ䣬Ӧܲʲô
ǸҽʦͬʱҲһЩΪƶͽⶾʱܹҳľ綦߲ʱϣ˵ǾĶܹΪֱ涾ء
õģܼʱ۲ʲô仯
ãҿ
īͷʰһЩ·ɼ粽ظȫдϡ
īԸʵΪ֪εĲ򵥣
һ㶣ŸīִһЩӱһƬңӦ˵Ӹղſʼ˼ˡ
Ҿ֪
ɶ˶٣һҾ֪
īЦ˳ɵɵϡ


95 
ɵϡ
īҪɵ ǽʲôī޴֡ɵ޴룬īҲЩ޴ Цţģ ǰ
š
ɲݲӦ£˼ɻҡԭУ 沢ûг ֻڴʷϣīĲҲòκЧƣ ȥ
ˣ һа취Ķ԰ɣ ԰ɣ
ͼ侲һ㣬 Ľֵ쵽ٽˡ
ɣôܲǣ Ҳ ԡ
ΪʵеĸףīԼİˣ ɲ¡
Сῡ
ɫԽԽԣīסɵкŵˮ·һ̱Ҫ
黹δ⣬ ġ
š
ɿŸī侲ɫаۣΪ˼ ýɵĲΪ֮ڻ
һõġ
š
滹оһˣ ôҶЩ⡣
ʲôǺհ׷
ûסӪѾһʱˣ ҲһЩҽȴδ
ƵһԶյʱֹЩ󹬶Ҳֹ
ɫ죬Ҳû˼ȥ˼ʲôֻŵҽԺһʱ䣬֪ĽҩֻѾȥ꣬Ҳȷҩʲôط
ҩֻлʹУ
ԡ
ɵһŵ¢һЩҩƷ绯ݣЩҩĲϡ
Ҳô
īԼ¥һҡ
ԡ
Ҳûаѻ˵Ͼ¢ϵĲҩ䣬ȫųԡ
оǸҩһֲĽҩ޷׽ⶾһҪҩġ
ʲôҩģ
֥;˲ݣҩҩԡ
ûҩģǸ̫ҩģҶδػУҵˡ
ǱŻᶾǻʱ䣬Ҳоûⷨ
Ҳ޲ߣĶˣͲŽⲻ
ҶеĶ
īЦһû뵽ԼǴˡǰԼʽʱԼʱµĶ
Լ¶þңҩڻʹǱԼɴҵΪֹ
Сưˡ
㲻ҪСưڳԿ˰ɡ
Ҳģⲻ񳤱һҪ߶䡣
ɽŴʲôû˵˭̲ܿŵŭ⡣Լİ֮˱¶ܹ侲ܿɵĲԾٻʧȥ侲СƺЩƲ
Щ£æ
˵һ䣬˸뿪ˣӪֻ½ɺ͸īˡ
СΰĪҪ嶯
˷ŭʱ׳嶯ī֪ɻЩʲôȰǶԵġ
ⶾҲûȣ֮Ѱ֥
īǸˣǸôԡ
ɵ˫۲˺˿˯ãϢúܲ֪ǰµģ侲
¶˵ѾˣҪңȻµĲǺհ׷ǻȪ
īǲԼӣֻļƻһܾôˡڵ侲֮īҲȫ޲ֻа취ɽⶾ㱧һ˿ϣ
ҪҰϻλȻҲΪҡ
գԭиīʼ޷ǻж߶ΪϧÿЦ
ԭǰµģ籾ʲôǰȨı硣
ߣ
ͼ֧ҵ˲ݣһŻⶾԵĵҩ
ɣûйھ˲ݵ
ͼ̵ֵУԼȥ
˵꣬ͼ̵̵ֵ꣬ͻȻһƷʱģǱǾ˲ݵ
Ҫֵ
һǧһֵֵôҪõġû£Ҫȸī˵£֪ЩʲôΪλ¶
ҿһŮΪۣȻΪ󣬿ǣĪֻˣܳ׽⿪
ڶ֪ҰģҲֶΣƵ֮ң̫Σˡ
µҸ¶ˣʧȥĶ
ģԸĽ֪µĹϵ
ЩҲһһϦģԼж󣬸īͻǰµ֣ʱ밲ΪʲôҪԼ¶
ΣҲģҪ֮ء
޷⣬Ϊʲôī;˿ǰûü룬øī¡
Ҫ侲ԺǵĽӴܶ࣬ȿȡ
īɵ֣ұļƻǲͣҲͣ
ס
ɰѸī£УһԼġ
ȣҵ˲ݣȰҩĲϴ롣
ţ㡣
īʵǺµģԼҲʧأھԲܳκβӡ
ǰ֮ǰ˵ˣסگǵլӵĻܹÿնȥ㡣
á
֪ɵģīҲƴǣԼԼҲһЩ
īҪһЩ飬뿪˾Ӫʱ򣬽ɲŰ̵ֵľ˲
ԯ뽭ǣɽ
ֽϻо˲ݵͼɿ󣬲㣬˲ݾȻԯĹ֮ڡµȷѰ죬ǵɽ𺣣Ҫȥһ˵ģοԯ
ɵõ鱨󣬱ȥŹء
ˡ
ƽͶԼ˽Ȼϲģֻǽɵɫ̫ãЩ
ôˣ
Źһʱˣ֪ʲô취뽭ǣ
ˣƽͶΪҪȥ뽭ǡ
ʲô飬Ҫȥ뽭ǣ
ţ˽¡
˵˽±ǲԸ˵ˣƽҲûжʣֻǵҿ˽ȥԸҪʲôô
ҵȥ
̫Ҫȥ
̫Ҫˣ뽭ʲộǡ
ޣƽú˵
ҡ
ƽЩôһϣ㲻֪ô˵ˡ
ңҲµģҪȥ㼱£ȥ
ǹִûܹȰסƽֻܵ뽭ɭϣҪŽȥǲ̫ܵģɴˮ·ȥһΪĵطԽṦԷǽ롣
Ҫȥɡ
ƽǲģɽȥܾˣһȥͺãȥصġ
ƽɼ֣ҲȰǸɻһŽȥ·ͼͳ·ͼƽ룬ٸɻ˼ͬ·ߣ΢һЩ
ɻȥگǺ󣬰Ѽľ񶼰ҹɫֱ뽭ǣȴЩʡ
Ҫȥ
סɵȥ·ģī飬˵ġ
ȥ£뿪졣
ȥ
û·ɱ˵ȥ֪Լô޷ƭˣ뽭ǡ
㡣
ûֹҲûиɾܾأֱ뽪ɲ磺߰ɡ
ǰΪҿگǰɣҼձء
޷ҲҪ㡣
گҪ㡣
ˣЩԥˣҶݣگǣǴ˿̾ӪȺףȷױ˳롣
Ǿ


96 
ƽİ£ ҵһСۣ˳ˮ·뽭ǶһССϰȻС۲һصĵط 㳯ŶǶȥ
죬 ֻǴһҹ£һ·϶Ǵ̫أ Ӱж ֻܳ²ˡ
ԯһԶǵ Ͼʲô ӻоʾɹ۲˶ԷĽ ׼ʱ һԾϣ Ȼֽҹɫ Ѹٵط˳ǽǱ뽭С
ҹ뽭Ǳگ࣬ һĽ任·󣬱ϽֵҲһڵйĳС
ֵֻļˣҹģ Ȼȴ޼˼ҿջҪһͨķ䣬׼졣Ƕ죬 ɿòסڱǱůЩԯϲԼ޵Ů
˷ СԼ⣬û˹ڷɽ顣ٽݵԯ Żǿͬɲûбɡ
СĿ£Էɽз˽ϢĵطҲ˵ɽĵθ˶˵ڷɽղҩȥֻӾѩɽ·У˻ɽ
ɲûʹھ˲ݵ飬ڴ£ҪܽٲԼиϵͳ
ͼȻң
ͼ˵ԼøжǸþȡ
ɣȻڻ˭ҿһ㣡
һߺһ߸ͼ˵ֻʳʵڲԼĿζֻꡣ
ͼͲ·ж
ɣҳԹⶾˣҿɱðɣ
ͼ
ûٶ룬ֱϴ˯ֻǽϳݣҹ͵Ϯһҹƽ˾ڶһ磬ɳ˸Ӿȥ˷ɽ
ƮСѩɽ·ûˣֻнɹ¶ǰСΪһ·ˣɽ׼ɽȴԷһǳ
ɲ£ɻǱԷסˣλҪɽ𣿡
ǵġ
ԼסڱǵĲֻ¶һ˫ת۾
Ȱ㻹ǲҪȥˣѩ̫ˣٲС
зȥɡ
˵ߣԷȰ䣬ɼɾǿҲ˵ˡɻǵ˵޷ǾԼģģûȥ
ɽɷѩȷܺѾԼĽףԽ룬ѩԽ
ɣͼ֪˲ݵλ𣿡
ͼҡ
˫ֱأͼůɽããּžľɫȻЩãȻôķɽҪѰһ˲ݣ
ͼȥ
ɣҪ˵
ԭתһȦ˵ǰҶǰããһƬôܷ
ͼǰ棬ǰ棬ǰߣ
һһϵͳɽתΪѩѩҲ񣬽ߵʱ;Լ첻ˣ˸ط˹ȡů
ͼɽܴ󣬽Ҳġ
ɣ׼㶫
ɶԴûо飬׼ҰĶԶһ
콪ɼֲסˣںͼĴ뿪˷ɽ
ڶ죬ɻ˵Ǯһյԯɽȡůƣ㹻ˮʳһΣɴĸʱͼ˵˲ԽԽˣǼӰ
֮ȥ˼죬ڵҵ˾˲ݡⶫȻͱϣýЩ㣬ԼĽŶˣҲ֪ܲ˳Ṧȡ¾˲ݡ
˲ǳ꿪ŵģϲ⣬η纮ǺɫģҡҷڷѩУһ콵֮ڷ䡣һȥͱ¶ǼʯҪˤȥӦûİɡ
ͼһ㣬
ɣллŶˡá
ͼʲô
ɣ
զúͼƤԽԽˣԣϵͳƤģ
£ͨѪԼĽһЩ˼£˿ԶǴغɫᶨţҲҲīҡ
գṦһͱڡͱҲлѩʮֻýɽɻԾѵѵˮһȥˡ׼һͻʯͷֽץס²㣬ְѾ˲ݰ¡
Լ˷ܵʱһ񣬽һϼҲץסصµȥɴһϵҪôԾȣǧһ֮ʣֻ壬ӵȥ
ء
տĵطһ죬ֻԼӾʹǧһܿ죬Ǻص·¿ʼоʪ⣬ŨصѪζӿ
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ͼʲôʲôԲۣ˺öѪ
ɣû˵ҩ
ͼУ̫һһֵģЧǺܺãֹѪ
ɣҲУ죡
תתƽڵϣʯѵԼۣҲ˲ˡܿ죬һŵҩɳºֱۡͲȵʪⲢûͣ£֪ط֣ԭԼĶͷҲˣԼһѪ
ɣطֱɱڱرء
ͼ㡭˵ˣָһ£
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ɺ˹ȥæˣҰˣ
˭
Ǵ򣬿˵ˣ
ŽɿŴ£ȴûзɾ裬Ͼԯ˭пǵˡ
ϳԼ᲻ɱԼ
ǴרˣûϳԼϸظԼͷ˿ҩɾԼϵѪ
룬ҸҩĻҲԡ
ǴԼıůƸ˽ɣЩ߰ɣһ̣뿪ɽˡ
ɸоЩûиղôκˣվŴлʣû˱ůƣָô죿
ȥǡ
á
Ҳයűůƾ뿪һ䣺Ժûʲô±뽭ˡ
ɶס˽ŲͷȥǴѾԼ׼ߡ
֪Լݣ
ʴմ
˴ˡ
˵꣬Ǵ뿪ˣӦǻ书ģ书ղκûпǴӣ֪ʮˣ˵̣Щī
δ֦ٶ뿪˷ɽصջ󣬽СһЩҩȻظԼҩ
Ҫ뿪뽭ǣϵҩһЩʹʩչṦʱŻЩ
ͼҲ鵽ˣ
ͼ˽һ궼ûˡ
ɣ鵽ʲôˣˡ
ͼǸˣĺҽ
ɣԲۣļٵģ
ͼİ
ȻûпǸ˵ҪԼȥ棬ԼҽˣҲ֪ôӦ


97 
оգ ˳صŹءصŹؾӪʱղ̫ԣܿƽһϡ
ƽ ôˣ
ɼƽ˵ ֪鲻ԣʱϤôĵӡ
ƽ̵˼ֱ仯 Ǽŭ תͷȥ ֻīŭݡī߸ŷ꣬ ƣ ɱ˼֡
  ԼŰ졣
˵꣬ ƽ뿪Ӫʣ±һȭϻѪۣ ɸīȴѹסŭֻ˳ȥӪֻʣͽˡ
ҽ͡
˵
Ȼī˵ǡ˵ɽôûû
ȥҾ˲ˣ ⶫֻڷɽС
ɰѱڻеľ˲óһػ˸īġ
ʱȣ֪Ϣ Ϲȥ
ʲôطõϢ
仰ýԭأ֪ôͣ ôͶٳ
һһ˵ġ
ѡ
ī߽ɣɸоǹѹȸУ ·˿
ʱĸīĲǰ
Сΰ˵ʵ
īȻῴԼԼҲǸˣΪһ˵ĻȥйҲҩֻȷе鱨ŻԼж
ͼҸоҪˡ
ɣҲҪˡ
һһϵͳǴ͵ֳ
ڴǰϵͳҲǶ޿ɶġ
Ը𣿡
ʧģīת֪ȥйжΣգʲô£ҸԴ
ˣ˵
ͼ˵
ɣѵ˵飬ô
ͼ㻹˵ɡ
ֻǸϵͳʲô
ǵǶΪΧһ𣿡
ЩΪѣʵڲ֪Ӻ˵𣬿˼ŵʱңѾԭĽˣ˼ꡣ
ī
īЩã⻹ǽɵһδӱѩĸīпʵѵá
ҵʵı佪ɵˣˣȴమˡ
˵󣬸īüͷеãŽɾһôС
һϵͳҷҲһЩ
Ҵ顣
ͼ²۴ɲء
ҡе㲻˵ʲô
ɼīղû˴룬ֻãУɽȴǾòģ͵Ϊһһֱڰң˲ݾġ
ҵ˹켣ܲɷ֡
ī㶣ȻĬ
һУǳԸģ
īЩңΪΪ˲Լ׵Ļšܶ޷⣬֪һУΪǸνϵͳ񣬻ǳԸ
ȻԸģ
ɺʲôɵȴԼҶһУġ
֪ĺܶ飬֣ҵ֮󣬺ܶ鶼ıˣҲ˺ܶ಻Ϊ֪ܡ
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ԭĽУŹûбƣ˼ͽҲδȥ
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98 
Ѹٸɴ˿ں ȡ˲ݱ뿪Ӫʡ
ɲӵìܡ
͡С۵ʱ˿ѿġ
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£ һԼġ
˲ԼĶҪģɽΪȡҩվ ʲô£ ָԣ
û£ ⲻǻ
Ҫ帵ī סīģ ڻˣ ûˡ
ظһΣī̾˿Ѱգ ֻ˵ȥ뽭ǣƽ˵ģ˭֪ȥʲô
ҺҲ᲻֮ܿ£ʧһΣ Ҵδҹ
īһľϵҪúϢ ɲ͡
ҵģұ㲻ˡ
úã Ҵˣ
ī˳˿ ȻסɣŵģŪʹɡ
лл㡣
ī֮ǰδ˻ΪԼ׳õİΪǺôһӰԼܶ꣬ԼδҪ
ֻнɣ˾Լ˵ҲΪԼ𣬲η
ⲻɵô
īʱ룬ԼĴôϱ㰮ϧԼô
⣬ò𰸣ɽɵļᶨģԼ䲻䣬վһԼġ
оīĲȫУ۵رסī˷Լļͷһһģڿޡ
Īޡ
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ʱĸīžԼС˰ûнɺ棬ԼΪԼֻǲˣҲ뵽¶
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99 
Ӻлʱ ϲãɼ״Ҳ
Ǹõط ԺҪȨˣ ǧС
ɣ
ī
еһЩ֮мٻƷ ΣյĻ ͢Ӧֹһֱ񣬳Ʈİ̯Ӻ͵ط ΪǱҪġ
ڵ棬 ʮϲС
лҪȥһ飬 Ķνǧٹ֣ д
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ī
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򵽲ҩô
У
ҲǴʲô ԼȥӴ򿪣ͷ״ɫĲҩҪ֡
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ˡ
ԼСӣվ׼ȥԺʳ˵ʵҲһۡȥֻԼһյģЩµ
ǸīиīڣﵱˣԽԽ÷ɣع˼ʲôˡ
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100 
īΪɴϻ Ϊ֪ϲɫ˸ī˰ѻƳɺɫܺʡ˿⻬ ڵ÷ ҫĺʯ
⣬˿ʺᣬ ɾñͨĻֱ˲١
ܺʡ
ţ Һϲл
ɻδ˵꣬ īסͣ ˵ллˣ Ұɡ
ɴ ˫§סī֫ Ĵ֯ 繣̽ 룬ҪȡԷľһ㡣

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š
īƵòӣ ƿɣֵڻǰ죬㻹δ
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Цһ˹Ȼ򵥡


101 
۲ڴ ɼڲۣȨ·Ÿ
ڰõɵֺ֧󣬴󳼵ķܿת˰ ڳ˼ĻȨô븵Ե Բ˰֮Ҫ鶫ݵ³һֵ̼˰
³ǸԵϼڣ ˶ܿ˾ԸԵġȻ ʧȨֻĲ˰̼֡
˵Եͽ£ 񰲶ļλߣ ͽĵ꣬ װװ ûһ˳æ
Ҳǵһθо˴ȥζ ûʽԴ ܶ¶첻ɡԼЩۻǮƲ٣֧һʱա
ɰʽԴ ôѡҪôӿƻҪô躹ޣȻ֮ҡڲ δ
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ȻǸȶأɸīò˵ ѵܺʹʹʮֳֵġ
ˣֹ֥һŮˡɵӪڣ֪ôһŮ˻Ů㲻ϼһǱ֮ˡ
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˼죬īĶ㳹ˣɻửϲ԰׵ױݣͼ۾
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ҪһıȨΣ
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Σľ϶˲ٰˣǧ̴оΣգ㼱
˴ԼӦðԼһɢʯٵķ
󽫾г⣬Ǿˡ


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аɣͻȻιһ죬ġ


104 
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׵İ취ȻǰѸѾͷߣв㡣
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ٸһ
š
εϴúīʱõĲ趼һ룬īĺ顣
ԣнڣī˲١
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105 
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ɽׯ ʲôնģ īϲ֣ҲЩղðԴʶ˽֮ ÿն¸塣
ϸذѽɨڴϣ дšֵĺֽǰ ӰԼûᡣ
ææµµһϣ Ÿī緹պ졣
С㣬 Ϣһ𣿡
īѲã Žδѵľ뵡ɫЩ԰סԼ˯һʱ ǽˣ˵Ҫʱúõ̫͡
ֻϵľææ⣬ ԸԼӰ£ֽֽʲôģ˯ٳѡ
ˡ
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īسŷ鲻̲סʸīС㣬Ҫһ

ԣڴϣ
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š
īӦº󣬵ЩǣԼþδˣҲ֪鷨˲
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ӰûлӦɸīҲѾǳԸһɫˡ
ֹһĹֻȫû츳ݣǼֽҲһ֡
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Ӱȵҡ
á
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һˣ˫˫űϡݵݱÿݻ㲣˫հݣ·𱻹˾˼ʮꡣīרϣֱ̧ͷſڣԡ
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Щණʲôʸᡣ
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ī񱻲β͵èٿվһصӴһ΢磬ɨڸϡ
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һ̺󣬸īӷһѪζӰҿͷ
ˡ
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У׼һЩľ񡣡
ǡ
ӰʸīΪʲôɴڸī߾ˣҲ帵īƢԡ
ҪǼ·
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īüնûȥԣǽ˼Σҽɿī¡
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Ʒ󣬽ɻһԼģһǷģº߸˵ؾˡ
ûк𣿡
īŽֻ̯֣㶣Цֺġ
ڴᣬδ޵ŮӿԲͽϳԸȫƾ⡣īȽɴһ˵Ȼɵġ
īЦһģ㲻û׼ɣ
ī翴͸˽ɵСϷҲ𴩣ֻǳЦУ׼
īƿȡһƵģʺİ̽ߣһֻСӣꡣѺݵϣСΰ֣彡⡣
׵ףڸīɤ֮±᳦ת·˵Ĳף黰
ܲĵһԸ
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ţԡ
ܸܲңʲô£


106 
ܸܲң ʲô£
Ĵ÷紵䣬 ⣬ ƢīŽеĵǣ̾˿
ϲĽ˵Щµġ
ȳ緹 ٸ㡣
á
ǽĵһԸ һԼйأԼôܲӦīɣ ߣ ת˻⡣ָ״ĸ㣬 һЩ׺˺ɫĵģ ʵĿ
Щģ ˵꣬ ŪɫϲһЩ
ǺɫΪ
ģ ܺóԡ
īһ££ƿ䣬һùһǶźɫľӨģ
īι˹νûоܾ һ°£ȻҧһڡǸˬڸܣ һҧ֭ˮе ζڱ֮䣬ʵǺóԡ
īŽҧĵطһڣ Եýζ󣬶Ʒ㣬ֻûжԣϾ緹ʱ쵽ˡ
緹󣬸īŽɵԺʳ˳㿴ʢľ軨īָ޳ָ䵽ʺĻϣһ¶¡
Ҳ֪ҺԺķ
š
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īԼ˵ģܹϽɣܽʶЩˡ
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ᡣ
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107 
ɽׯһˣ ֲڣ˻ԼǰˣԼָʹ ̲סֽѵ
 ˵ڰʮѾߣüĿģ ֽ Ҳ飬⹷Ƶ̬ߡ
죬 棬 Ҷ ɽׯͥԺڣ 軨ҡҷ ڷɽׯڣ վڸī겢Ŷվ
ã ȥСջ轲ɣС㰮飬˲Ŀ
ڸīǰװʮģ 귢ҲˣҸīԸҪ̣ٴҲš
ⲻǳʱ ѾָʹԼˣƹԼ֧һ
á
תߣ ŲīֻЦЦ ֪Ѿͷīַںľϣ΢΢ֳ̧һ飬
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ӡ
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ﴫϢ˵˴ɱۣʮ书ǿĴ̿ȫˣһ˷ԾسͷʹĽͳΰԻݲְ
ΰɱ˵ģ۲׼ְֻܽ¡ҪԼ˳Ϊͳ죬Ҳͬ⣬սͳְλգƿء
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뵽ʲô
ʡ
ʿ۵ߡ
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Ӧʿֵ
һЩȫʬ


108 
ʵ۱ɱǴ£ Ҷڲ²˭֣˭ôеҪʵ
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á
󣬽ڸī˶緹ڼûнҲ֪ȥˣȥмˡ뿪󣬸īӰʱȥ
Ӱ߸īȥ񷿶ˣ¿ʲôÿģʲôġһ磬ڲͷס뿪Ķųġ
󣬸ī裬ȫ̶ʮְīһ˶

ǣС㡣
ô
룡ģ
Ҫܼ򵥣ڰ֮ԼҲ˲ǮԺؼҸ˼ˣ
Բ
īҲΪʲôһôСˣҲΪ˼򵥣ûô˼԰Ϊ浹
ȻûԼְ취вϾУԼǸ֮ˣֳʲôˡ
˵ףҲĲˡֱһܰµ˶ûа
ٵȵȰɣȵʱ죬Իȥ
ллС㣡
ʱ䣬ǧҪʧ
ǵС㣬Բʧģ
īԼĲˮŵߴ£ȴûкȥ
š
**
縵īϣ˷˲پˣѳһЩ󳼸ְ죬Щ˶밲ãǰĺð̶֡ڣõһٻòٴ󳼲
ɴ˿ɼȻԲڴĶĿ鲼еֻ֪ǲԸ֡ɱΣݲ˽ΣΪӵϣȻҪɱһӰ١
¹󣬳õȷ˲٣Ҳģ̫ľٶ
ݳ˱񣬰ȥݣҪѰɵͰæƥɳӪֻΪ׵ĺӷһس

ү
˴к󣬱ÿӽ˾Ӫ˴Цݲ࣬û֮ǰǰ緢ȷһдеֲ
º󣬰趼ûüһڣʵݾжа취
ҶԴû뷨ү뷨ҿ԰æ
˰Σŵΰǽеİʯ˱ȥ
书ǿҹƶˣαõĻᣬû뵽ʻǽ
һܻģ۽ɻƽֻݣΪүֵ֮£
û𣿡
ɫ糣ȴ̲ס²ۣ浱ɵİɣ
ͼǵΪɵġ
ݣѲ֪кα仯˵ˡ
ɿЦ£޷ˡ
еġ
һתýЩͷǱģʲô
Ž֣Ǵɱΰһ¡
²С
ɾܾʮʹ죬񸱽˾ְ޷뿪λȻүȥݡ
˴ΣԿɫװģҲǹ壬Ĳˡ
֪һ˺ܺʡ
˭
ĵһ


109 
ҹ ȥɽׯī
īɫ԰ףż˰ 񶼲ġ
μү
īҪ ȴס˫֣æض񡣡
 վһԵŭĿӣôչ˸ģ ΪθӻԽԽ
ŵõͷ£߶µүˡ ūѾˣ 纮ʼղã
 Ӳ
ī̾˿ ˫¶˵ɫСʱ ˸ 纮ѸͣҲû취
û˵ ֻǷŸī£ʵһκġ
š
īӦ£ɫӲء
˴޷̫ã õĴģҪúϢ
˵Уȴް⣬ ЩΪ֪Ц⡣
үصңΪء
š
Ҫ뿪ˡ
 ƾǿīβ񿴼ˣ Ҳˡ
ãһү
ǵģС㡣
˸īһۣתȥ󡣸īôŰӰûںڰУǶ˵ӰʧˣŵС㣬ΪҪ밲
ҲҲῪڵġ
ղűŮ˲ֱͦеĲҲʧԿڣܽͰĽġ
С㣬Ͳ
¡
īؿ⣬ͷûеһƬڰ·ʱжΪ𰲶ҡ
ڻѨ֮УѱͷǣȻѨͻ
ҹɫżţ裬УֶУţȴͷ˵
ʲô쳣
ûС
ü죬ϰǧٱһ
鿴Ҿʲôܡ
ǵģү
Ѱߺ˵񱻳һڴűߡʱĵ

һڵϡվһˣ֪վ˶ãӰһԼ
ҹȥɡ
Ӱ˵ŷؼѵվµؿǸˣֻһٺ
ղԼвף˾ͻɱԼ
īֶԼо£Ҳа취һҲ˵ܾԼ
ȻҲ׸ī˼ղŻһ˿Ҫӵͷһ㶼ûˡƿڸīԼֻаĻܻȥ
á
ҹ˺⣬Ҳ˵䣬ֻ룬񸽹֮һ޷ѡ
ɽׯ
**
ģ磬گǵĴַǳڵмصӿ룬·˵ؿˣΪϷӡ
½ǧǰЩȥǶǣղŻگǵֲѷɫǶǣ̲סڲóԼֽͱʰǰľɫ
Ǹʦıԣϲ滭ŹĿı죬Ҳ³˲ٿֻһۣԼʵĻ£㿪ʼֽϻ
ϰ½ǧ˲ѲˮԶһЩŪʪ˻ֽ
ףõʲôʣ
ϰĶëʣ½ǧϵֽʺںģīҲûīζ
̿ʡ
֧̿ͷľֻбʼ̼ǳĩ͸С⣬֡
δš
ϰ½ǧʼյͷ㲻ٶ໰ֻ֮ʻ̲ס࿴ۡ½ǧŻţȻ뵽ʲô̧ͷȥȻ
δ⣬У˶еķ羰ϸ룬ŷи˺Ϥ
ԻһŮӣŮӿЦúܿģһڷǰ˻β֪˵ʲôֻЦЦ
ŮҲЩϤ
ˣǶǸҹѾߡ
ôһ
½ǧͣ±ʣһ˲ԼϵⱻнĺӰеıֱֱȥ˼ʱץסʾҪһѪˡ
ʦãҡ
պĪҪ󡣡
½ǧջرʣŵֽԡ½ǧ棬һۣӭĿ⿴ֵ㿴˷ꡣ
ô𣿡
Ϊ½ǧһֱ˿
ûС
½ǧջֵǵЦݺֻһʱȥס
ȻôԼôһҪԼ˵½ǧҲû˼˼ʵ£
æ
½ǧգ֣ԣǮ

ʦãֹһĿĹǸӲĲԣ䲻ǮҲѹܹһӪôãͽǮȫûгͻ
˵
½ǧջ֣˵еӦ˵ʲô£ܾնǮ
Ҹȥһݣðѻʳǵĵͼ
½ǧ
˳ĬԿţ½ǧɵӣ½ǧӦ
Ϊʳǲгܿȫò
½ǧ򴽣˵ܴ϶¿ȫòʳǵĵͼֻл˺ͽͳС
ˣ֪½ǧѾҡˣΪ˼µĿԡ
ȷһ취Դ϶ȥ̽
½ǧֳĬˣ鿪Цֻǲ֪ʲô취
Ҫʳǵͼʲô
½ǧԵ޹ʵشӦĳһ£֪ǰֻԼһΣյľأô
Ǽƻеһ֣Ҫ֪ʹ·
һ棬˫ǵĺ˼࣬½ǧ֪Ҫ
Σϧ
½ǧϵĻֽãȻŵԼǸĻͲȻ̿յԼİУֵҲΣյ¡
еΣգҲܺ档
棿
½ǧӶ˼ɫüȼʮȤô棿
½ǧ˰ϲɽˮϲһЩϡŹֺĶ˵кģȻȤˡ
Ϸɡ
½ǧ
**
˶μˮؽ͹Ȼμˮûбƣƣһû
⻹ڽѾ˶ֵսãܹռȻǵóѡʱ䣬ٻͣһʥּòݵһУܷ⡣
Ҳ½ǧݣϳĩԸķΪƻһʡ
ȥһݣ뽪档
ӪʹȷԼĺöˣûҷţɾ˲
ѹ˵ԼӪʺᡣ
ʲô£
ЦЦԼĻǺĻȥͲǷƷҲ̲סۡ
ȥݣ޷ʱϻأս³Խæġ
ϺˣȻ֪ɴʲộֻԼϣеֶν赶ɱˡ
ҲδԼһջ˾أѹˡ
˵ɣˡ
ҿ֧֧Ԯ󽫾
ָָƽֵҵĸܰϴ󽫾æ
û˵ֻǰؿƽץסֵԽԽҪѰֶ顣
ˡ
ҧгݵģɫƣɽɼȴˡ
ԭԽĺҲǵġ


110 
Ȼ֪ʲô ҪܿԼȨݵȨϡ
ô⣬ô
˲Ҫ̫̰ġ
 ˵̰ģ Ҳɡ
ЦţȻָűķ Ŀ꣬ ݵλãҲҪݵıȨ ȴ˵̰ˡ
ûз Ĭ˰Σ ŵͲҰҰĸ߰
ȻԸ вòҵɡ
ݵľƿĪУ ʱݸ˲ٽǮ Ȼӡ
ԼҪ̲ݵı֪ˣ Ҳֻʱһֻ۱һֻۡ
ͱסˡ
ɶ˶٣Ҫˣƿϵġ
ʱ˽ܶĿŵذ˽ Ҳ°֪Ұæ֮£Ҳδػֻ֪Ҫ ɱܡ
Լʱ̬ŵúܵͣ Լ˲ȨĻᡣǰʱ䣬Լ뽪ҾУ ټϸīµİ׮Ӳˡ
벻㸸׻Ҫ
վŭҲգֻ㸸ĺݺ;ʱıˡ
㲻ҵĸס
ȻԼδı棬ǸӢۣǽɱ֣Сܹģ
ֻνЦЦܿܣյҲһ
ɽҧأѹŭŭЦ
־ڱصãβܻ󽫾˼ˡ
תƽһɫˡƽӪڣ뿪ƽſڣǻúøġ
Ҳ˵ֻȻصԼ̫ʦϣ̾˿
ĿŵذԼӪѱˣŻ޼ɵ
ȥ౻ڹУǻƺѾ˳ӽɣܹôҲ㹶
Ҳ뿴ⳡʵȨıƣ¹˭֡
ŷԼϵǱѾԼսʮĳˡ
ޣ˵ò£վݲС˵ġ
**
ɶһӪʸͳĩԣǸӪҲоҽĵط
ɷ糾ʹݻҲûлԼӪʣֱȥӪʡһɫ׺ɫ磬գͷЩңǿžĿ뵡
ǰκνչ
˱ˡ
治ͷذڰ֣ͷ˽һۺֵȥϢȻҲ˵ģ۾ðѪ˿ˡ
ʱ䣬ɶߵģûôϢһʿ֮£Ҳˣ㵹ˣһҪʱչ㣬϶谭оʿһ¡
㶣ʵıѾͿӣһʱ֮Ҳ벻ʲôȥ˵
оʿһΪҪԲΪԼ
֪ˡ
ϻȥԼӪʣһϾ˯ˡ
ȷЩչˣҽչˣ½֪󣬻˵˯š
ʿ֪ʹٶ֣ƤӲ˼ȴ£ȴûϵ
ԼϵҽϿʿİ취оʿÿһҩģоۺһҩԣ˵ķ
û޼᲻ݵĶЩʿǰٶ֣ɻʱҩҩԣֻҪҵ֮˵ҩƽ֮
Ѿҵ֮˵ҩֻҪʱ䣬ҲҪʵ顣һʿҪʱ䣬Ѿûʱˣķߵʿʵ顣
³ɣô¿ɳɡ
ֽдʮҩĵ֣Ȼ󽻸˳ĩԣĩԣīÿһҩһ
ĩԿһֽϵҩģʱһľЩҩÿһֶһҵ
ĩԱһ£Ѿͷҩʲôʱͷ
뿪˾ӪȥǶҸīҲǳ˽ɺͰ֮⣬ɽׯˡǰǸߵŮӣһݣʵʹҼСô
š
ġ
ĩһɫף׵ϻнɾӪĺƣȷǽɾӪˡ
óĩԵƬ̣ȥͨĩԽȥһ·ϳĩʲôû˵Ҳ˵ܾŮ񵶷棬ʲôǵĽɫԼǱ̽ĺá
īڴУĩԺ󣬱
ǰʿһнչô
š
ĩԵĻٵÿ潻ֽݸ˸īīһۺ󣬳ĩԱ˵ÿһһ䣬ǡ
ĩԻδ˵꣬īӦֳĩƺлҪ˵ԴǸǸǰлҪ˵
ÿһҩһ䣬̫̫ˡ
ī㶣׹ĩڹʲôֻЦЦģҸ𡣡
ĩԣ
ĩ򴽣ջû˵ֻתȥ
ǰȵȡ
īסĩԣʵСΏô
ţջصȥϢˡ
ãлл
£ĩˣīֽ꣬áȥɣֻ뵽⼸糾͵ģһۣڲǺʱ
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֮ĲܰƵϡ˶˱ͬϷֵһ˸ۣһ˸ġ
ʱֲ͵Ĵв֪˵ΰɱģ˻ŵġ
ҲΪʲôýɾټ
ΰһʧĹǣôҲƿزˣ󲿷ֵĽ鵽¡
ʱʱˡ
磬ī˵С㣬š
īӹţ򿪺ֻǵЦԽԽ
С㣬ʲô𣿡
īû˵վһԵ뿪˴ֻȴһ˿ɻ
衣ǸԵϯĻô
ڰĸڵʮӡģϾҲйǷ֮룬ֻϧһжֻԼĵ˼
衾ȻǸīˣ
ڣīֽ۵ãȻ󽻻꣬˵򽪲ţҪݵıȨ
ǽıȨ
ǰܵðһоƿУֻеõݵıȨѹûС῵ݽʿ
С˼ǣɱ˽֮󣬱ݵıѹݵı
š
īЦһΪԼƵۺ·
Сʲô㣿
ȻýӦΪðԼһȻš
ˣоӡЭ顭
갡
ī㻽Լ̲סֱͦ
ǵõλ뽪֮ЭǷֽˡ
ī˶٣ЦֽǷֽҲˡ
ˡ
ôһҲԼˣֻҪǵı˻ʳǣôһжƿ֮ˡ
ֻˡ
¾㱸ֻǷ硣


111 
ʱѾϣ ʰԼ󣬵һʱȥ档
ǰô
ڿҽ飬 ˲٣ ŵѾо֮˵ҩʵ顣
ʵ飬 ֱûʳǵʿʵ𣿡
ԡ
ʼ磬 һ޿κεصҵְҩôʵ飬 ȥˡ
ã ֪ˡ
ɴһɫľװ һɾβ ˿ȥʮ䡣ڣ Ҫˣ һȥҸī
ȥɣǲؾӪ ǵø˵һ
˵ΪְصҲǷѾͷˣգھӪ ˵ܡ
á
ؾӪֱЩɬͷ˼̫࣬Һܴϵͳݡ
ͼԲۣ ң
ɣԸȥ
ͼ档
ɣ
ȥ˷󣬱ȥɽׯˣ 뿪ˡԴֻصլ绽ӣ ҪʲôʲôҲҲӡ
ɼ˸ī˵Ļ˸ī
ţȷҪʵ顣
īָָڰڷŵҩӣǸģ׼˹ȥӪ
ǰ˵ʵ飬ʲô뷨ô
ɳĬ˰ΣŴ˼£УҪæ
չ˵˵
һҩ͵УҪִлͼִ֮񡣡
ɶ˶٣֪ɱ˼ôȻľԱ޹ǰŻ𣬶ʿ
ҩҺڻУ
ԡ
۽Ǹһ˿ϲɫøīܹԼʵ̫ˡīףЦǸ⣬½ǰȥ죬ܷġ
ţʲô©ô
ûУ˵ò۲ľԱһҲǧˣȷʿ
վ͸ȥš
ţڵǲ
īվɵϣ˫ֹסɵĲӵǺþöδ׽ˡ
ӣҶæΪڣԽҲʲô¡ī䲻ʲô֮ˣɶˣȷʵˣһС
īͷڽɵļϣ˿ƹɵǺͲӣ˵è䣬ýɻڷȡ
ÿ졣
īַŵɵķϣ˽ȥܹоһסˡ
Ҫһ
ī΢΢ͷ˵ʱϢڽɵĶϡ˵ĶѾˣӻСٶøīʮ⡣
ôôôòңȻط䡣
㱧һȥ
īѵСһ˵仰˫§øˣһ㲻ҾһֱϡĸϽš
úãұȥ
ɰѸīᱧʱǳЩ⣬īЩɶԽ˵ġ
һſֱͨӻȥ޷ɾһ·Ÿī˰ؿԼСΰôң
Ҳ㻹˭
ɾøīʵЩɵص޷󣬽ɰѸīŵϣȴûſԼô
û
еȲˣô죿
īüһ˫ۺˮ⣬ģ˭ܾˡվڴߣ˫ֳڸīµ˿ϣĿȫ޷ڸīƿ

ǾͲ˰ɡ
á
īסɵĲӣһ˵֣ҡ
ýΪǴˣ˵
Һ㡣
īץסɵܹܵ͹Ĺͷҵļۡ
˵
ɸķǰʵô
ۡô㣬ô
⣬ϸ꣬㼰ʱܹɢ뵲ɢȡڣóʪɵָŵīĴϣʪ˷
ʪģµģ糿ʱ޺Ļǰ㣬¶ˮڻ̺졣
ϸ΢Ϊһ壬óʪȾ޾
⣬źǰס˽Ų
ǡǣ
񱻵ڵϡ
˼ס죬ϸϣڲϵˮҲڲڰʮ꣬żҲŮӻؼңˡ
ΪŮӵ
ѵɺ͸ī
ʱһ˫ִӺסĿڱǣȻϵһԺŵòΪԼᱻɱˣȴûжԼ֣ǾӸµؿ̱ڵصԼ
ʲô
ʲôʲôû
ˣҲīӰҲīͱӣô֪Լײ£
꿩ЦţһˣΪҲˡ
һ󣬿ľ
ꡭȻҲ书
СҲ֪£֪Խֻ࣬Խ
Ҳ˵ȥģҪɱң㣡㣡
ȹǣšҲ֪ԼôջԵ̻̲ա
İɣСǴȥ֪ġ
֪֪ҽûʲôû
˳ԼĽţطȥɣûʲô£ҪȥСԺˡ
ǣǣ
ҲƵˣӵʱ򻹵ײײġ겻ݸһž治š
ڸīԺıӴúҲȥϢˡϢǰǸӰкʲô춯
īԺٵϣⳡҹꡣ
ϸ࣬Ҳ࣬Ҳࡣ
ࡣ
**
ӵŵʱ½ǧĻѾˡΪ½ǧī˲Ǯ˿ھǺúû
ǣݣ˺ӣ˸˵ױ½ǧվһ𣬵һү
ô񣿡
½ǧȻͷҲû̧ɼһԣ֪Щ֡
š
ֽȻ˿ͬʱ͹ĵ񻨴ƿţζôãȵĲһϰϡ
ʲô񣿡
½ǧ棬ԼϸڶȻϷУɻʹ˵ƻ̺ʳǸǵƻͨ½ǧܰй
ճ
½ǧıʶ˶٣üëЦļٵģ
Ҳ˼Ц⣬Դ¼Ȥ۵޹½ǧʱԶΡ⻹ǳĩԴһԼӸ͸ԼģǸɶõı
ġ
˵½ǧЦһȤ
½ǧľȺȤôϡŹֵ뷨һ˴Ӷҵֵˡ챻ڼҪųף½ǧˣó
Ҫƶһ¼ƻ
ƻһִоͺá
˵䣬½ǧˣȾ˲ãΪΣ
̫Σˣһǻɱ֮
½ǧԴ룬յˡ
뿴ճûÿˣܲãԷ˱ʣҾˡ
˵գ½ǧɵϣ֪Ȥ뿪˷䣬ɻ̲ס̾˿
ʦõԣô궼䰡


112 
ģ ҹʳǳȼܻ⣬ѳݶһ󶴡 ֻȴ
ŴǴݶʼտģ һ緹˵ĳζ͹ǰͺ̵ һ̱Ѵˡֻȴˣ ˾֤ʵж
ֹΪⳡҲ档Ȼ ɳ޹ һǴݶʼġ飬 Ʊذݻ֮˾
 ǳõɵĻƣ Ϊεͻݶ ʮѰζ
µ˰ȴûκνչѵĴ󳼸ְ ֻһȥ飬ϧӹûнġ
󣬱½ǧ뿪˾ǣһ·ϻݡ
´ʱ ĵĪˣΪҽߵһɾͣȻоʿҩ ֵôһˡ
ͷǰһ˵Լҵ ̸ֻ˵
Ѿ֤ҩЧæ æӪս״̬
żǻ㱣Ļǲ¡оī໨Ҳ֪Ǵѧģѵ飿
׿ʲô飬Żᡭ
ţҲЩִ٣ŶʿЩ롣
ȡ
ʿһȣŻعȻԼԴЩ˵뷨׵Ժ
ʲôף
ԼԴ㵣ǵһ䡣ֻЦЦ˰֣ĿǰЩվˢˢʿϣû£еͷۡ
ɷԼӦˣǿŷ۾˵δܹ˵
ҵһ㡣
£
һӣɶסˡƤϵģ
Ǻιϵ
˻һɫ˲ʱһ޴룬˫Ҳ֪ܹԼľȡ
Ǿֻѡ
ѣ
˵ζ׽ǵ٩ɰѷ˵øӲ֪Դˡ
ңңȥڶ
תߣЦЦ̾˿û뵽ƤԼҪǸƤӻȽϿˡ
**
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һҪꡣ
ǲЦݣҪ꣬īҲ뵽ʲôһ˵껹ڳô
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ŶŶ˵°
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οҵķҲйˣȻԣҲǸˣɷġ
뿪󣬽ɺ͸īĻֻصϡ
ðʲôʱ֣ΪλΪ֣
ߣǱǽ֪һ㡣
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á
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գīţ΢һȹҡţ˿裬鷲ӡɽ˽ī֣һ·ֱԺīŵҪȥˡ
Ӧü֤һ̵ġ
á
ֻӦôһ䣬ƺûֵ īҡ
š
ī¶һĨĵЦ⣬Ҳǵһ̤ǰûôิӵ쳣ƽͺ侲
Ǻصžһ䵽ϡ
űƿһͷͺԩǰͺ̵ŵѪζܵȴƲȥǱϴȴôϴһ
ͷ˼ѵ̧ͷŹ⣬ˡܴۣЩ㱣ѵ֮֮ǣ𣿡
īЦһ𣬱ðǻ˲ȴִͷ
ԡ
ɼǵһμΧʱʱȻǱҲƱ˳˻ǣл㱣ˡ
Ŀݻͷɢң࣬ѾԶӡ
īŽߵǰһμˡ
ҵˣҲˡ
īٻ˵֣Ϊ֪жأҲҪءڸǰ̹ýһĪĸжͺھ¹ȥǰ
Ҳ˵ˣīδɡ
Գ̧ͷؿ˸ī֮ˣȻǰѽҵŮˡ
һǰĻعⷵա
ˡ
ԭˡԭˡ
ЦþǸɲѿԭңǶŪڹС
ǣôܻԼƵۣ


113 
ǣ ôܻԼƵۣ
صؿ˼£Ȼ󷢳ʹĵͺܿڶ
أ īȴ ҲʼյһԸȥ ֲĥ
˼޹أ ȥȥĵطˡ
ī˵ҪŽ뿪 ɽȴվԭأ ŸԡīĲ Ŵ ī֪лҪ˵
ԡ
û˰Ŀ档
ī֣  һỤһӣһӣ ֻܹ¶
˵꣬ɱŸīˣӰŹϡ뿪˺ԺڳĻϣ һֱţ˭Ըſ˭
Сῡ
īͣ½ŲȻɵ֣ ؿϣûڣû˵Щ
Ҳǡ
Ҳһ˵ˣ һֻ̣˵Щ ҪΪīҲҪøī֪Լһֱġ
֪Ϊһֱɱô
ΪΣ
Ϊ˵ȷһ̣Ҫ֤˰ҵģǰ֤
յһīഴˣǳʹģִţҲǲΡ
輧һеĲֻԼиԡԷ·һ䣬Լһ޷õ̵̻عԼƵһ
Ҫ⿪ᣬô͸ɸսᡣ
յԼˡ
**
ڻˣīȥ˾ӪһͬоʹĵͼӪڣػɺ͸īڣ̯Ŵĵͼоš
ʳǵĸֳķΣҲ˼ȡ޹زɷԲ糯Ľڵͼ룬Զ󷽱Ǻˡ
ŷҽԺ¾Щȫں֮У۵޹ں֮ǰȡʵ˺󹬵ˡʺ޵ڳ֮ȺҲн
밲пȥɱۣϾʿԷա
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ǻһս
ҡҡͷ뵽ʱʬҰҲ̾ϢҲǱؾ֮·֮·ѪģǾѷɫɳϵѪ
δء
īЦЦصģʵ㻹к֣
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˵ͷŸīֻһǣλٻǻѪǴλСѾͷܵķɲС
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ôһѣˡ޲ϲͷΧԲŴӻѳ˸Ҳգ¡
ңС˳ɣʵۡ
ɣ
ҵʵۣôû˵ķݣ
ͼûȨĻʵۡ
ɣҺĲ岻ϻ
ʲôɣ
棬īһЦڡ
**
ݴϢΰڼбɱֻ׷Сΰ·һصУΪĹûˣûڲָӽ
ϵλս
ʱ䣬÷ɫ䣬󳼶˰Ӫдԣλֻ͡۶Դ˲Ϊס֮ȨʣһŽת
ϵ󳼣Ҫ֧ӵǻ³ɺǹٰһƷĴ١ջȻҲԸȥһѣγ֮ƣá
֪Ϣ֮ڰδ´֮ǰīȥһݣΪϰ
֪˻Լû뵽Ǹī
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Цһǰ֮˵ĻòҲ֪Ϊνɻ
ɵ㿴Լô
ŮʲôԼ
īȻһģ꣬ƽҲˣɽͻΧֻҪЮ˸ī
ǲţЮңӳ
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ЮңķˣĶϱǶᡣ
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ָŸīָȴ̲סСŮˣĺݶǽɲܱȵģܴ
ĪǡɳıײߵˣǸī
Źعƺ󣬽˽йһģ˱ڳǽʾڣ֤ȫָλⳡû̵սʧܸա
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㣬ԭ㡭
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ҵһȻ³ô
Ц۽ҲЦˮ˵ŹҵļˣǴá
á
īһӦ£ֵ࣬һ˽㡣
꣬֡
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īƽת뿪Ƥ˺ѵֻƺһƺ˵ʲôʲô˵ˡ
īֶ֪ΣԼ˵Ҫɱһˣˮʺһݵİ취
īҲ˵ˣʲôظȥ˵ɡ
īƽķԸٺýҾѽѶǳݺҲ⼸յˡź󣬸īҲ׼ϻݣ󣬱ʸīС㣬Щô
ɱˡ
ģûиϾɱͬĴ󣬲Է
ǣС㡣
ҲǸīӧԭǽɣĻŹЩˣԼᡣ
նݲ紵
С㣬ǲҪȥˣ᲻ʲô
Щ죬ɽׯΧ˼ţҲˣԽ˼׮ī˵밵аԼȥݣԴҪЮɡ
Ȼᡣ
ī˶٣СѾɽׯˣʲôһʱ
ǽˣɽׯڵİ
Ӧûлˡ


114 
ΪһжԼƿ֮У ɾڸīڻ;Уһ̿͡Ⱥ̿ͲҪҪߡ
ȥһ¼Ϊأ û뵽ðİ׮֪ˣ Ҳ׼
ҹʵ޻ǰ վʮˣ סеĳݣ ŵĶߡ
īڽ Ȼûп ·Լİˣ ֪
С㣬 һǰˡ
ͣ ֻиīīҡҡͷʾҪ ϸ
گǺС֮£
Ϊ׵ӰһȺû⡣ǸīӰ˵ģԷһ ֪Լİؼʱ̲ܵӡ
ЩҲ֪ʲôܶպյĺ Ҳȥ಻ĿȷֻҪõǸˡ
گǻжԶ
īðȻҪԼ׽ȥ ôȻʮȫ׼˿²ֹǰһ
ÿһ ľζ֪ǰ֣ݵؽ磬گǴŻʮ·
ŻҪʮ·
ųڡ
ǣ
õƳڱһĳڳøߣΪҲֻʮܿﲻǸߵأگǿģҪԮҲ֪ü
԰ɡ
īԼ䣬Ҳұץ㡭
С㣡
Եһƽصگǡ
īᶨȻԼϵ̫ˣ̴񣺡ڡ
ǣ
һѣЩ˻֪Ѷˡǲɣôƴһüƻô
ܳһԾϣշ֧ڣЩͷ˿һ񣬱㱻ɱ˸Ƭײ
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жˣ
СС㣬нӽˡ
濴ҡ
īǳǳغ£ӰС㣬ȴ߰ɣ
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书ӰԼߣôֻӰɱ°ߵ³
С㣬һΣǲԥˡ
Ӱ˵ĻīףΪһŵƣŵôͲһ˿Ҳһ
ꡣ
ǣС㡣
Χ˭ҳҪǶɱˡ
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˴ߣ
Ϊ׵ĺ˵һ䣬˱㳯ȥԾС㣬ұ㡣
·İֻʮˣ书ǺͻΧֻܵȴԮĵ
ٳһӡ
⣬ϣ·Ǵøīꡣƿӣһֻ˽ȴһ߷ˡ
ڴʱһ죬ǿϢһСģ
ӦķѣľͷӶ˵䣬ۼҪҵīͷϣ꼰ʱһĿû˵ī
īɶԭλϣΧѾûڻһ֣ĺ˷һ֧Ĩ˶ֱʺǺ˲ûϢ
Ӱ״˵ī߱īԱ侲׼ʱ
ڴʱɳɳ죬ʲô߹ԽԽī촽㹴һĨѪЦݣˡ
дܳˣźɫװߣеĶϳʧɱ֡
ôᡭ
Ϊ׵ĺ˿һۣɻδӦֻīһɱˣһڶ
£Щɱ־һźɱȥǶҪĴ򷨣ҲǲҪĴ򷨡Щ޷Ӧ㱻Ĩ˲ӣЩҪߣȴ๷һɱ׷ᣬɥȪ
һ
ָָɱϳȥߵĺɱˡЩ˶Ǿɱ֣Ϊɱ˶ģҲǸīһδģá
һΣһ˶ܷŹϢУǺ¶ˡ
ԲʮһܷŹ
ǣ
ΣīһϷŸī˵С㣬ҷȥһϢ
š
ŸīһԵĴ£īԸӰȥලԲԷŹһˡ
ǣС㣬
ӰһӰӣʧˡΧʲô©֮۷
С㣬û˰ɣ
Сˣû¡
ղķ֮ʱľ̻ԼֱۣƤⶼˣɲ޴󰭡
С㣬Щô֪٣
굣ģĪǳڹˣɽׯô
ôˣҲҵ٣Ҳģ㼸նûгţȻ档
ī˿ΧΧţ㰲Щ۲Ƶ̾˿òеˣҲ֪üصگǡ
ӰǺţȥĳ򡣡
ǣС㡣
· Ǻţ粽Ÿīȥֻҹ·УߵԼĪ̺Ǳҵ
䱸سɼǰͣˣŲǷ

Ϊ׵Ů˳ȥӦ뱧ģסˣʲô£
Ҫ׽һȥﲻ˵ĵطȻȥ
á
˶ʮȫװģԴԤһǴگǸô͵
·ϣī˷£ԭǽɵ;лᷢʲôݱ߽ĳ˳Ӧīīŵ֧ڣ֪ϸ˹
ٽֻһС򣬸īڿջϴһ󣬲ŰѸղŵ渵˺һľ־øī˵治򵥣Ȼĺ֡
ڸӺʹӶзֶ棬Բü
īҲûĽֻ룬Ѿǳʲô˶Σ֮С
òԼĵƺ̵ֶΡ
ŵзյģδܸϾɱ©һҶΣա
ڴʱӰ˳żǺҵǣС㣬Բʮ˶ˣѲ鸽ӺС򡣡
š
īʱŰ˰ĽȻ޷ѡӦûнͷڸӵţȴµĽ
ҪôҵǸˣ֪ôġ
֪
˵꣬Ӱ뿪ˣûü
Ͳ˵Ǹӣ
ϵӣҪһݣ˻ӵȺ򡣡
˵ͷī˼ϸ壬תۿīֱϵĲˣʵֱҩ
ްСˡ
īҲСˣ˼Ƭ̣ʵС῿ɻдʲô
һ̲סЦЦ˵ҽӵˣǱչ˺㡣
īգеĺһɨֻʣˮᡣ


115 
ǰ Ӱװɺҵ˽ͷˣɱ ڸ û̻گǡ
īڶ̻گˣʱ͵ 뵢顣һһصگǣ ֪һº󣬽ŵò궼ûˡ
鸵īƣ ڸīƣһЩ һЩƤ˺ ûˡ
ôţ û¡
Լҩ䣬 Ϊʲô£ ֻƤˣɽŵøīͱһƵġ
īջ֣ ˽һۣС
ⲻǵ
ˣ˵
ʵȥˣСԼҵСʱ ࣬ˮַǿȥġ
ȥԼҵĳĩ԰գ
뿪 ī˵һЩʱֵ£һսľ 뵲ɢŭ
ǽͷһֱûϢҲɣ
ģ Ӱģ˵ıʼȥϢ
īϵЩƣۣһֱһڷҲסˡ
ʱֻţ˹ƻݻ
á
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ݿϢ
УƺѾŹ⼸ձᵽ
һڵˡ
īƣҲ˹âֹâҪ̽ɵϲ˿̵ĸīҰĲģģɢ̲סҪȥĤݡ
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ǿ˳ᢣ˽֮󣬸Եˡ
ý޷԰ΣԽԽ
죬īھӪţҲ񾭱ˣֻȺ򰲶ŵ
ƻ裬͵ǧس͵塣һ͵Ļһʥּɲ֪ôŪ۵ӡµģؾ͵ʥּȷ١
ôŪʥּģ
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ɵ
īָָʥּԸµģ㿴ֻһ˻ȥǴǧȥ
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ٺװݺ󣬽ɱʾˡھӪһУػԼˡīҲȥ·Լȳɽɵʣ˵ʲôҪѸīߡ
īȥݣȻҲţɽׯӰīľװûһУ˲
īòԶżɻỺٶȸī˵˵¸īšڸīվһµľðһֱһóԵȣҲ
ŵǧʿʱҹسǵʿˣȴûоȣѡ˷СŴ֮ʱڰĽֵˢˢվ˼ˣŻѣѽֵҲΪ׵
һɫĿףɫ磬ݣվڶΪĿվһλˣɼڸԵϣǵǸĻš
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Ű񣬰˽һ£ض񡣡
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ⷬǸī̽˵ģԸīĴֹۣȻ뽪ΪԼţһ߽Լʧһ¡
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һеǰᣬǽɺ͸ī˲֪°űǰ
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̤ͷŨصҩζѪζˮһ˽ζùŹֵý
ܴһи磬ϲˡƹ磬ֻǲ˿Լһۣô
롣
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ǾܿƽȥȿȣˣޣԸҪģޣȿȣ
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ЦһֵΪڸô
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һ۾ݣЦȻˡ
īתۿۣЦİǽҲ˳
ллˣ¡


116 
䡪
䡪
಻ıը ҡضģϵ˲㱻ιȥ
ô£
Ȼŵû亹 ɫȸղŸΪ԰ף ҡҡ׹һƽɢɢĹ»Ұ
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һס۵Ĳӣ ֻϣ ׻ǰ Ĺͷ
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117 
ĩ ݾǾƴ䣬Яƹۣɴ ϧδֹ߱
Ϊ̫ӣ ɰ֪ºȴָʹ֮ɱ ԼΪĻλ̳ˡȻ ѻλٵӣ˱ƹ ҵýֹ δܴλɹ
Ӵ壬 ֪޷е֮Σ λͣ ѻλ˽ɣ ָԭաڲ֪ԭ֮Ů 꽪üɱ޺ŮߣΪʣȻҪָԭϡ
֮ӣϲ ĸգս£ΪľҲǻᣬ йͣ ŮӼλҲ
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ȵ۵ĺ󹬱īǲɢǵһйУɳػɾڹС
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118 
ͬɫ۵Ů˽޷ ͷĻ̻ţףǡ
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119 
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