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СʦüֱҪͷֵʾܴȥһҪĳɰٺϣӴ˾ŮŮǣ˽ɣ
ʵǿʦ㣦ϲĲûСʦ
˭յ.춣̳ӾС.
ŮһȻǰޱҷǺڻǿģǲҪQAQȻһ۵

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顣
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ǧǧ
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3.CPɾϣк
ݱǩ 꼾   ˬ 
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һ仰飺Ů
⣺ӷ㣬֪֣֮


1 
߷ʱεĹӵģټ˯̫ʱҡҡλεģƤصĲС
տһ飬жʱ糱ӿ̷֡
ڣ۾ʹС͵͵͵ֻҲû֡
߶дʵıĿСţֻܵõͻȻһֻۣקأ
һ˯ȫޣһ첻˫ӣסС͵Ķ
С͵ﻹֻһ±ƣʮ㡣
С͵ߴֻŵĶϣתϣϵıʮ־ʡ
ֻ˫ֻأһЦǺǵģС͵ı
ץС͵ͻȻһ궯вٵ˶ֻ׼ա
С͵࣬ۼųŻ򿪣Ź㲥ﲥվϢס˾ܡ
ҹֵƣټԼ˸İ˫ߣʱͻ״ֻܷڶ˫ۣʹǰ塣
üһС͵Ȼ̵һ˳ӵʱ򣬶ȺȺ˷ĽŲɨȫ׽ľ飬ܿȺдסһӰָסǸӰкȵվduo
ءһУΧӣżУ·Ǵ˿̶ͣס˽Ųפۿ
ֻһ˲˫ʧϣ˫ĿѣΣߵķݣشڵϡ
ѪܵһƬ
ԶµĹ̵Һ˳ӻ䡣
С˵ûء
ôˡ

ƬϣΪһ˿˿ݡ
ɴĻУ毺õŮڴϣīīɢڼϣ˿ƴ䣬ϣһȻ
۾ȫɫɫ
ͣȻַ˻һֻͷʹÿ£ģΧõġѲǴԽˣ
񣡡
һ
ŮӵĶܴ󣬼һžͰѱõŸײˡ
ӴСӾȻˣǰŮĪԼ˫ʮӣ˫ֲǺܾ
ݵı黹ԴĨЦ⡣˵ߵǰֱֱ
ԼյĽż⣬ڱŮ˶δӦ
ţôôСˣ
㣬鷳һ£ʲôݣĨʧò΢Цʵ
˭֪ǰŮ˸ɵӵ
СϲĪɵˣŮ˵ֿ꣬治֪ӣס𡢺Ƣһεꡣ
ٴ𾪡
꣬С˵вųֵ𣿣
˿ĭּʵǻɣ
󵨣Ȼɣʲôֱ
ɰ˦شϣ˫ֻأһܲˬ
õظԶԹǷܲˬ̬Լ˦˴϶ۡ
˵ʱĸǣһͷ˫һʱҲ˻
С˵̫次ǲŮƵķϲģŮҲԼǰǸϲģֱӽָ졣
˭뵽ֵʱ򶼻ûãŮֵ࣬ЩŮһǣǰڰŮŰԽңŮ֮󣬾Խžž
գʲôƨڣ
Ҳֻһʱ𣬿СŴ̽תдϲĵİ
˱Ƚȡ֣ԡһ𣬰ԼΪŮ
ĿǰҲֻдǰ֣ٶûеİ
ûǴĻӦʮɡȫΪʥԺʦ۷ʱӦʮ꣬Ҳ˵Ҫķϲ
ɿһ޿ģƤֱСϲڷʲô񾭣
Ҹ㡣̫ͬӵµĻԼѾȡˣСϲİɣ̫ӵô߹ˣûķϲȻ䲻ϣɱ˵ߺߺ
ڲû˼ȥأϾֲԭС˵дӶʮʹԽǸɱŮ
ǹʹʲôɱˣǽƵġTMޣ֪ͲŮдôţˡ
Լ
ɼҪģΪĹͷֶ˼䣬ˤŶȥˡ
ɿе̫ӵȻǸ߹ģûϷݣֻŮ⻷Ĺˡ
ǰƲŮھ򹷣ʲôŮ˵ŮˣܹݡԴֻ
̫ӵ»춾ҹиΪĽ㣬춷ѣ说½õ浣δʦ㡣
춷ڵҲպҪȥҳưһԺʥԺ
ʥԺʱδȫչ¶Լʵʵһֱڰϻ춷Ϊ춾ҹĽ㣬ȻҪܵܡѵ֪ôŮˡ
һ뵽еŮж񶾣󻹻ŮңĪ˷ܡŹ⻷߾飬ûд٣ǰѰŮƵټ֡ϲ족
ǺһЦʾáΪһŮʼҪԼͷϵġŮ⻷ġ
ߵ֩ľǰ¡
Ÿô˳žȥҪһСĹڰ·ˣǻԵ
ͻᱻ̫ٻ빬Ϊָ̫Ϊ飬ǸûķϲģҲò붫ΪδĸµĻˡ
ټ̫ϲ̫ӣ뽫ġϲжҲ߻ӡ춳o
ʺ̫ȴЯҲҪѻˡ
̫ûֻܽ˽ٻ빬˵㷨뽫췹ϲƸ̫ӣȻǻ̫Ĳš
̫Ϊ̫³֮󣬻ᡰġһ֤
ǣŮʼŮǵûа£̫Ӻ˴ֻһţ͵ѿ˳˰Ļ/ɫ//Ƭඡ
̫СȻĻᱻɱŮɻ⡣ǰԭҪԽĽɱ֣ⲿˬĵ裡
˼ڤ룬ҲûŮôģֻǵдµʱޱȣ˶bugʲôΣҲֻһԺĸǹνһϸڶûС
ϾˬҪΪһˬдĵʱνΪžž׼
ֻڻȷֽӵӣⲿˬĵ׻ܲˬˣ

ڶһ磬˴ΪǱ̫˽ٽģҲ̫ҡУֻˮֻ̱ճɵͼʵǵżˡ
΢ݶϵ߶£˲ɫĹ⡣
ССĹһ۴αȣǽߣտ̻ԻͣԻʼϡ
˽쵽̫ǰˡߵڣֻһͷ鱦εϸڰǰлȲ衣
ˣӰѲյ£̧ȥ
Լֳҹģ΢΢ף̫ˡ
ɡ̫ʱȴȫȫ̧˿ܻشˣ²ӵ࣬򰧼ҵҲɪˡ
ŹװӾǺһЦ
ȵʲ衣̫귢ֿһ˫С۾ѵõУϺõıݴսģһֻ͸ҿõĹԡ
ͷٴκǺһЦӿ˵õǺȴҩǸ̫췹


2 
ѾȵЦ΢΢ͷȵһ죬ٱˣֻ룬ϲСôͻȻôдҹķ緶ˣͶ֮䣬ţë
̫֣ĹһҾȻˣ㹻̸ռ䡣
ټ󹬵̣ˮ̣ϷҲһʱ߱ǣȼ㣬Ҳó
ӯָĦŲյȴٳûҪ
̫һֱĿƿ
뿴԰Ѳˮ븹УŸݰա
̫¶һЦݣȻװһڣʵ˿ں󣬱»ȥյȥˡ
̫˲裬¶һЦ
׼ʱ䣬ʱһװƣ˯ģ
ͬʱΪԼļ겻õֳԴòԼôʧ̬
̫ʵĻȻûٺˣһ죬ֻ̫˸ɫæ˼ӽ
һŮȵȵһ˰ԻȥϢ
˼˵⣬װԺһģ
λС㣬Ϊμ·
Ϊ֪µŮжֱӰ˰ĽټŮǰڻûϮʱ˫мֱǷˮ⣬һƬˮˡ
ļκϵĻ·˹ȹ£ɫһ࣬һ׵ģٳٲϿ˵
תͿλ㣬Ҫûʲô¾Ͱҷգ·Ҳ۵ġ
һֹЩɪɪġȴǳһЦأһԼȥģǾȻظٹɣֻҪ˲˵û֪¡
˵ţߴͳӻɪɪģʼǲҽӡ
ĻԼȥҲ֪жమ¡Աôһ˵֣ȫ˽ȥҲ÷Ҵ˸ҾȻˡ
ǶԶӰֳˣȻĴ֮׵ĵŮǲܳ裬ӻ﷭䵹ҳģȴôװˡ
̾˿ķȥվʱ̫ӦúĴڶƫ͵ء
̫ӵ޵ھƫԶֻҪ޵ַװεá
̫Χۣټ޵ֻһεڴϣȻɻ󣬶ʱ̫Ӻ³ʱһжˡ
ܺˣװҩЧͷʹȥʲô֪޵ϣ˳㲫һøжȡ
Ͼһ˼ûеķϲģʱȴһ̫ƣʧŮҵף˭̫֮ⷬԱǰɣ񶾵Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿģ˼ġСϲġŹ
һԼĴ۷Ȼ̫ĴԹǻǳŶķȥ
ⶫôûڣɻ󣬵ǽµĲûͣתתƣתתƾ֪תʲôطˣǰŵķţ⡭Ӧþ̫޵˰ɣ
ƿ֨
̫ӴкϸСĻҳȫչ¶˳תźϡźŵĳľ㣬кţǰһԲδ󴲡
ǰĳûüһ˫һڣ˶㵹һŶպζ
𶯡ɤ΢ƣǼʲô
ֻѹԼϣϵζ㣬裬Ȼˣϵ֮仹ĥϸϸ㺹
ȵȣλֽʲôʮָ۵İһһµĹ¡
ƻգֻţλֽĲô
˱Ǽϣһ֮˲䴩͸ȫͷֽ촽ԶЩɲԼ˶ʮĳǾͱİŮ˶ȥ
ͬʲôҩһľϵ/Ϣ
Ӷ͸ˣԼ˰סֳæǵԼϡΪòƴֽпλֽһҪǿԼļ
ʹֽҲֲԸۿˡ
˺񿴳뷨ɫƽŭȵַȥ
񣺡
ѧʱɵϰߣʮģžһ£Ͱַȥˡ
漴ģһ˫촽ڴϵĴкµǹֱȫֻԼû֪ˣֻܸܵȫӿ֮⣬ֱϿ϶˼Ƥ
λֽº˵ѹҰ˫ˮͫӣһʱ
Էɿתţ⼸ֹûһǰôľĶǰɡ
ȵȣһˣ˸մʥԺ̫һ۸һˡ
Ǿǳ춷ѡ
ⲿС˵ĶŮ
ֻǵд춷ѵǣ
񣬻һʦķżȻһ·ʥԺʱգʱùҹޣͳǳɤϸ͸һɫµĹžУһӹչᣬӰŮƹ£üļаƲ˵仨
ٴ̧ͷŵĴǰˣϸԶɽüĴھͿԶ϶ѹϣǵŮ˾춷ѣ
Ů˾볯ȥʹ˸ƿԼæǱ΢ҵá
ϵ˿һϢ˿ĭôѵþҪ
ǻźģſһûС˭֪߽һûӦٴαס
ոջһҪĲһӴֱǽϣŮٴʮָۡ
⡭Ǳ
ϻӡ˿ϸϸ˵˾䣬Ȼһ̲ˮ̱ˡһƣŮĨ죬е㲻Ծ
ͻȻԼòҹдƪĵʱԲ
ǣŮ鶾ÿѮ᷸βֲҪϻ⡣Ůǰ޷⡢û۸ݺŮʱоʱЩܹѹĽҩ
ŮϮǼ֮󣬷žžŮŮͷϵĹ⻷ѹƣҩŮһֻٵ
񶾵ŮնЧʱ裬νڵ룬Ϊһ¡
ЩԼԲûдѵԼԲЩyyҲС˵һ֣
аɲ춷Ǹϲģɻһ֮ʦ㽫ʥԺȻʥԺŮֻ׳棬ǵ
ŮǷϲĵʱΨһܱˣҪˣҲҪ군
뵽һ£æ춷͵ϣȻɹϻҵ˽ҩ춷§ڻУ춷ѳɹĿԼı䣬Լǽҩȥ
춷ѰҩºɫöˣҲٹ̶ǳǳĴӱǼ˯Ӥ
ĸһ˰죬۵Ҫʲô鶾ǡ⡱ӻ¸ˡ
չͣ͸ϵ̵οջΣԼͻŮӷ֬ϡ
˳Ľë˲˼£Ȼ˫͸Ĳɫͫӡ춷ѴʱУ˿ڿˮ΢Ц춷ѡ
񡣡
춷ѿһ顣
ĨʾѺõЦݣˣ


3 
춷šһ˫üû˵ʲôֻдгȻվ΢΢϶µŻڵŵ
ŵ¡л춷Դ̧һ˫ɫĮûаΪԼŵľٶļ
С˵дһ󽾰ء
˾¼Ĭ֡
춷һΪ춷Ҫˣæվһס춷ѵ䣬ЩͣЩ죺𣬱ߡ
춷ѴȥԼϵ֣ЩΣҲûҪߵ˼
ǡ㡭ҪҸ𣡡
˵仰ʱͺˣҵθ񰡣Ϊʲô˵ջһ𣿣񻹲ڶ
춷ϵɫȻǶ˶٣ذԼϵַ£ãСҪôҶ˽ŮӣСҪá
ܵ춷ѵ⣬ܲס˵ĵϷûϢһ죬Դ̽ĿǣֻҪ½ҴʥԺͬһԺá֪£ɷһԸ
ʥԺҪ߼˲ʸ̤룬Ҳ̸ûһ˵߼ҲҪͨԵķʽлʥԺ춷Ѳĵ꣬ɫƽ㲻ͷ
춷һָһǰЩɷǵoЩ顣
㣬㲻ʥԺĴʦ𣿣ҪǲͬһȥʥԺѧȢң
OMG˵ʲôҪĻֻϣŮҪ񾭲ͺá
춷ƵᣬһҽŮӣټ޵Ҫӣ޵ͨ壬ǱضỹһġͬʵܲŸ˻ãҪóȻȢǻ˹
춷ôһ˵ͻȻԼϷˡװԵСŮӣ΢һƬˮ⡣
УһδǵĹͱףԺô˰ΨȥʥԺŲ׳
ģ˵ﺬŵĿǻŨ춷ţֶӵӳŮδȴǵľһ˲
һ㸺ҲὫʥԺ
춷ѾһӣȻſڵ
춷ѿںתΪϲģ
춷ѵͷֻɫͣ٣һ󲻺õԤ
Ȼֻ춷ֲ䣬ڣұ԰һʱһʥԺΪͬһѧϰټҲ˽Ը㣬֮ڴﵽ߼ġ
춷˵꣬ĵתصϣ춷˶٣Ըһ
񣺡Ը⣬Ը⣬Ը⣡
ֻҪұ۸СŮôôǿҪգҪǮǮԾһȫ
Ǻãͬȥ븸ĸ˵춷˵꣬Ҫתȥ
Уæס
ҪǱʺ֪Ǳ̫͵͵ٽ̫ӣСɲˣ
춷ԣֻջػδȥĲӡδתֻǲΪʲô
ΪΪǴӼ͵͵ܳҳµģ
Ŷ
ҾõһʥԺͿԲٱ۸ˡ
ǰŮͷŴŴۿʪβȾ߲Զϼĺ죬ֹģʵۼˡ
춷е̾˿ǺãպٰĹ˽ңʱЯһͬȥҸĸ󡣡
ͷ঵Ѿѵİ취ˡλԳ棬˻˵ʲô
ΪĴ֮ףôĲ׺ɣһѴǰˣҲڶûһʥԺҪԭ
үΪɽʥԺνǰҲǰʲôöֻʮңʲô鵤ҩ۵ġ
ŮһסںԺƵطʽ˿˵ӡʲôӣС˶۸
ֻ벻һϲģΪһʥԺˣĹءһ
ʲô춷ѶߵſˣתŻڷŮ
ſȥֻŮӳǧůк£㡰⡱۳ӰŮձҫۡϮİɫӱض̫˲㱡Ĳʺ硣
ôһ˶վ³Լ΢΢˸е̬춷ѵ˾䣺ûС
˵̧춷ȥͬλ߹ĳһȥ
ͬڻʹСڣһСһһġ
Ҫǵ̫Ϸ޵ڵĴ̫Ӷڣǿզܲ˵Լ·˹Ȼߵ춷ѵĵȥ˰ɣ
ԵŮӣĲ˺þãžڵ£ҵɣԼȥġ
춷ѻ΢ǣðҾﵽˣǵõȹ󣬼ǵһҪҡ
ͷĿ춷Ӱ뿪ȻԼ͵͵ķȥ
ԼͷϵĹ⻷ôһҲûֵܷƿ޵ţȽȼġˮˣȻ˫ֽڸֵַڴϣװһ˯˵ӡ
Ȼ˰̫һȺˡ
֨
űƿ
Ь̤ذϡ
Сô̫ӴϰһЩ˼顣
̫ššüӵĲ£ǰϱĿŮ

ڶʱ򣬲װģŵеˡ඼⹬е֡
գգۣ̫˫С۾ңô̫ҲǸǶС̸ˣ
Ƕ˵ˣԼҪȥѽҵʱⶫˡ̫أĲⶫ̫£û̫ӣְתˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôڶѽǵҾĹ˿ڲ裬ʲôݴȻˡ
˫һǣί֮⺬СаСֱǱݺ˲е̬𣿣
̫һͬǼ̬Ҳˡ
ĸ
ʱһ
˽ǻҲͶȥ
ɫۣͷ߹ڣ󻹸ŸȹŮӣŮӽ׵ĲϻŻĺۼôҲǲס
̫Ŀһֱ춾ҹתƣָֻ߶ָ춾ҹɣҲ˵ʲô
ֻĿ£˫һգһţ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪̫ؼʱεģġ


4 
ֵ˻ʵǱߣ¶ˡǣװ˸ܺߵģҲûǣʲôҪҳĽࡱҲÿʵģֽͻ帮
ǴӺԺ͵͵ȥģƽԺûʲôû֡
Լз˸ΡԼǰѹΰԺУҡȣɹ̫òݡ
̫ůģɢк⡣˶ݵЩ죬Լİ֮СĵҲۣһõϣҡҡλΣڹӴСӺòա
С㡣͸ԺĻݣϣƺں
ڱĿС񣬲δۣûһ㣬ĿС
һǳ̳ȹӡһߵǰ˿˼Ƿ˯ûУͽѣϵıҲûһ𱰡
չԵǳ˫쬵Ļص˾䣺¡
ȥءֺģռţԼվŵģû
ˬҲûʲôɫȥøʲô
ǺǣСȥ˱֪ˡ˵꣬ҲػŤŸ뿪ˡ
ĿûĻӲװĵԶһǸûʶļһ벻һŮȻҵ̶ֳˡ
ЩԶķȥãžɱÿ£һûķϲĻδžѾǿߵѹѹе㴭ˡ
Ųӳȥ
һھͱȷ⻹Ҫׯϣ˽ǼĬԵģϵͷѾףƽº͵ĺĲǸʮȴԷ̴Ůˡ
·ҲͬòŮˣǿҲʮͷģЩҵǣϷǸ谮зá
αҵĳǡ
һϣдһµʱī࣬Էֲ˭˭ǼϵҲȡģ⼸ʲôǵˡ
αЩСûǱɣԱߵǸͯӦþǷΨһһҵͯ˰ɡ
Ů񣬻£˵ǸѾ˪׵ĻߣϵİƷ࣬仪
һƬˮԡСŮԸ𣿻ҪԴ
һͦĿ΢ŵģ筴ŵģüǹɰĥ
֮Уվ룬ɫǲҰףϵ졣
ڲԵһİ𣬶¶󵨣ҹȻ֮죡
ҪǰĲͣ£һ˫Ӳκθڵֱˣ֣֮У
⻰Ƕ˵ģһ䣬ǿѹƲ
ɢѹѹЩһʹҪȫ顣
֪СŮӷʲôõôû𣿡
񽫡ûҧļأٴƮƮԹˣһظ˵
ɫֻɵķϲô˷ģ
ǣ˵ûʲôұ㣬һ͵͵ȥŸʲôԼ˴˵Ȼѻ޵ϣڿˡ
΢΢һЦĿתϣЦһʲô޻ô֪
̫˻ȴԲģŮӼҵĵУĵֶΣϧĹͷȴҪɽΪеɽѾ̫ͬӶ»ԼˣɵŮҲҪٳˣһֺͯվ˳ɵǰ棬ֱָ
һ±ƣɰ˵͵͵̫ҩĲ֪߳ܵԷϲġ
Ȼñɸϣɾͺĳ̫ӽҩ
գTMͲͼӴˣֱͽŤʵŴӱǼ䷢һߡ
ֱֱǰԲۣɫһԲģ̫λѾã̫ͬ˻ȡ
ȻԼİõ̫ͬӸЩĵ£ҳڶֻ̫֮
ȴʱ̫ƫ͵ȳȻպ̫ͬһײˡʣλˣҴʼնһܺߣʲôŮӼҵе飿
㣬Ŀߵӣû̵㣬˵׼ָű˵𣿺ǣҲԣһоûܹҽ̵Ůˣ̳ܽʲôûɫ
ϵķⷬɫ˲٣ſж޲óȥѵ˵úСӸǧˣ
Ųܷʲôɫ˿ûҪͣļ˵ԼҪ˵Ļ
ϵɫֱָؽɽһۣǽǷ˴µĳӣټеͳ΢ƣһ˵ֱŮ֡
ֻеŮֵ
ҵŮʩǣǣһֻ벻ĺӣҲҶԵճǴСУͷˮǼҲҡʣҵļҷģ
˵꣬˱ۿɼͺ˫лˮڴתȴǼ״һЦȻڵ˺ܸӵ۴
һִˣܲԵ޹ʵͷˮҲС˵ǸŮ
жģСһһݣ说½
Ϊһߣ㻹ûʼдʱ򣬾ѾѽֵĴſѾˣ֪˵Ľ֣޷ӲǹѪϲĵĶɣ۸ŮˣҪǰ֮໹ҪĴۣ
ھֻһ˵ػصһʱҲֹסɼϵŭѾﵽֵˡ
ϵӻϸС鱦ʣϣܲӶҪˣ
ءһƬļž
ʱֻһ⳯Ůͷȥīɫ̨ڿлһߣŮ׵Ƥϼ˺졣
ҺǷڵϣϺƱѪδųһ
ȴЦˣޱȻһһЦĻꡣôС˶ʱȴ¶ǧеĲɣ
Ϥݣӿ֮Сĸֳһɫ֮⣬ȴΣһ糸ֱüӿȥ
ϮըѣҪ˶ըһƬƬֽмҪըϵ̻մҲܲסʺѪֹסĲ֮ԽԽѪӿֳǼҲĺ㡣
պպ󣬵պұԼ뿪ңӴҲˡ뷽ｫĸҵĲȫ黹Է
⻰ʵֻձɫһһ׵ġʩĲƲѾ꣬ͻȻ˵ٹ黹ǱȻǴղģֻСôͻȻ黹Զ֮¡
ŲȺ˷ӦΣŮѾӦҪʥԺˣתȥһҲġ
Ժһ˶ڵϣʮָһһµţǵдÿα˴ðʱ򣬶ǿҵԺһƵİôҲˡ
ģһ°ָȫȻʹ̵ȫֻһ̹Сݱ
СһϢڵϣ񴽽һĨǳЦ㱻ҵˣ˲ʶôõƲϾȻںԺ䵱ӲݣҪŮݵļֵ
ݳ£ǹӴѹȵʹһ˲ɢˣ
˿ȫϵʱҲصԼԺУֻմѪ£Ҳ߶ʮһͷ˯ֻС˵еΪʲôôŮΪʲôôĲҡ
ˬ涼ûһ߼ڣΪŮǰֻԽԽá
ΪŮȴһ㶼ⱾŤתǬıŮĲҡֻţֻܵȴϲֹȥ
ʱҲֻ⾰Ȼȴֻ⾰Ȼ֮еһǡС˵е񰡣߱˿ˡ


5 
һ˯ڶ
ӿһεı߿
С㣬չֹ˵պȺȥ︰磬ԼصطԸūǰСȥ̸ѡȡµĲϣϴϣǱȥ̸󣬾˶ãʱ
̸󣿡ڴϵһֲȥġ
ֺȻС˵дڽ̸ͬ棬òƶ˻һ
춷ѾʶˣӦҲᳳ˰ɡģΪŮֻƵ
ȥͷңױ
ԣܲмת뿪ˡ
ߺ䵹ҳ΢һҪ춷¸ӡ
emmȻһεĺӡòѾûˡ
ҵǼɫ֯£ϣҲʲôڵķͣԾִֻǼ򵥵ͷ
ͷȷʵǱִĳ࣬ôŵеԴŮģˡž˷ԼŮģĵ˵ͷٰѶе˵Ʒ׺˷ϣһҲǰԼʰĵЩˡ
ӻԺ񣬵һۼʵǱ˷ӦʱѾߵǰȥˡ
䣬ֻˣСűⵣţϸ˺żλַ˵Цںӱ¡
һ¿龰Ҳһôˣǻδúÿ⾩ǡ
̸
ĿĽгľϣ߶ᾪ̾һǾǵһ
̸·ϣƷеƷʼҹҲЩã۸ͨյġ
СҪʲôʽĲϣ˿񣬻֯𣿡
ͷ鱦̽۵ϸ˳ȴԷ̴棬֪ĻΪļҴ˼ҵĸء
ҼСѡϣ㿴ǡʱǷС̬ϸһĹĵġ
ϸҲ࣬󷽷İѽ뻳У˸ơ
ͷ΢ЦЯӽȥѡˡ
GGGǲҵǸϲСôҲ̸ˡ
̸ļŮϴɴģֻڽͷӶУ̸ĲӾͶ˶١
ûҲǸӣô˵л±ƵġҲûǣƵĽȥѡȥˡ
ִǰĵ಼ƥϣͣ֡
ûþͲҪҪǱϰ࣬Ҫô죿μֻǷԸҴӣһ鷳ȥġ
˫ֻأϵ˿Σ˵Ҳ᲻ġ
ЦǺǣİɣ㲼ǮǸģҪǸ˻ԽЩūϵ޳ȥЩǰ󺹵ĺ׳ʿϲʤʱЩС￪ˡôĲҵƾһǺķѲġ
ԣҲ˵ˣϵıʮѿһԵϰ￴СҲǺ˱ġ
ɡ
ŮϣСϪʯϵˮȪˮˣöǴƬ̣һŹ⣬һƣȻþ˵Ů
춷Ѱۿý˿Űķˣбҡδʩ죬ȴ¶ˣչʢº͵ͬʱдĹĿⲻԾ˫촽ϣյУɫٿһ졣
¾ȣͻȻԼٱûŮһϺһˡ
ٿ˼ҳ£˱ϵ̶ҪɢǵǳЦʯӰ绯һ̲ˮ飬ȦȦ
¡
춷ѻһǳЦӵĲҲ˵УָһǸոǸ಼ƥϡ
ҲѡѲϵģ춷ͻȻʵ
šҲӦ⡣
춷ѱû˵ˡ
ֻͬ˵ͺñͬѧʱİ˵һһϢ
˺һᣬ춷ѱʵ
ڷŮӵĺ͵ٻػסһƥЩ飬ѡˡ
벻۹⾹˱¡춷һ˵
æԼеĲƥһ黨ӫƵģС仨ƵʲôֱӱĳĻƤ˺𣿣
ǿһĨЦҪڽͣȴͻȻġŮɢ춷Ӱ㣬΢ϢڲϼƤ񶼵һء
ҵǾܷʡ
춷Ѹһƥ
ƥǳʰɫģһ۸˵ĸܾǸ߹ޣҪûرǿŲǲƥãٶ춷׵ӣ֣صĵ˵ͷҲÿˣ

·ϣĨѪԼĿˣò춷ѵƼ¾ѡʲôӣ꣬ǮûǸǮֻеƫһӣ춷ѡǷƥνǻҼŴƷ
ƵϰŮԼŮЩǰͲǮջ˼Ůæ渶ġ
ŮŮˣͷTMڴǰܴˡ
ף̾
ⱾԸΪ淨ռĿ֮Ůȡ
ŸĲƥں档ʲôҲûõǰ档·ݵߵһ
ҲЩ϶ѿˣϾٲܳ裬ҲеСģģӣȻѾԼˣǴĻǸͳһūͷΣ
һ۶ܿ˭˭Ӻ𣿺ǣЦӻǰͷΪ٣ҪǱ˿ˣֶ˵ҵūǲأؾͼάϲС˳ٲһøжˡ
ӴҶСôһӺ氡
һɫлһֵ֮ıӣ˵Ǳӿһ޵Ƥɵء
һ緢Ůŵæ˸ȥӻ΢΢ʵֻ˾Сȡ
һж÷Żֺһ˲Сȣټ۵һϮ϶С˵Ů䣬ҲǺڻΪ۵ˣǱǡȼ
ĿΪеһ߱ޱŵæžӼҡˬӵǺʹԽŮͶҲʹ˳˺ѡ
ԺһУ̧ȥƣ緢ŮȴǳӵķЦһӴûصӻ֪~һΪͰԼȥˣ
⻰ʮĵԴ
ϸüǰȥ



6 
ȼš
ȼҪ࣬΢΢֮ڡҲȱƣ˾ڽͷ˭Ҳ˭
ջȼȰԱǼ䷢һߣƲеı³˼£ϳҶ
ȼͬͬŭԼİ񷴵ԵķϵŮ
δС㾹ҸҶˡɼסǵһͬҶӵˡ
ȼ˫ֲǡš̬Ǻѧʱͷķ緶
ȼҺţơӣЩЦⲻֻ۾䣬ЦǰŮ
һһƽȼһһˡǰһȼһ
ȼüͷû
Ц
ȼû˵һֱڵǳЦ˫Щ΢̣еӳŵľŮÿա
ͻȻ㱾ãôôÿˣ
ȼҲ˺ˡ
ֻЩͦűߵǰһӡ
Գصļ򣬵
ɶûûأͺ۸Ҫ۸㣬ұһֹĹˣ⼸пգ㡭ҪңҲ棬㲻룬ˣҲȥҸ档
С˵ȼչô𣿣
Ȼɻ󣬵ǱЦû˵΢𴽽ǡ
˫͸Եò£ǳЦ⣬ԼǾܶеĲɣ͵Ȼ
ȼͫԼĵӳٶǰŮˮĵǳЦȼֻã˫۾ⱲӼˡ
ȵ˵ɫ۾Ҫ
ú찡սʵǿססԼָ֣Ƿ֬ϴһ¡
ţָлͦá
ȼǰΪʹĽë
ʱǴŵǧʱȴǴ˵㵭Ц⡣
Ц»͸кɳ֤׺ɣԶòͻ
ȼ紥æ˼Щͣɶ㣬㡭ȻȥɣﺰԷˡ
ɫЦĵŮԶȥ콫ת
ǸÿɰŮأԭͣƬ̣ȼȫӰˣųظ·ȥ
Ӿȼһ̵ҲôˣʵʵĽӹݸĲϣĺ档
˾˸춷ѡĲƥ˸еظѲˡ
ӦȥǶ㱨˰ɣҲã춷Ѻȼ˵λⷽûʲô
ȼ˵Ҫ֮ȥˡ

ڶһ磬Ʈ죬ס
ڴϵһֵѡ
ôȺӺӸȼҪֹ
ȼǴ󲽣һеسԺȥ߻˵ŰôסôõԺӣǵŮҵŮŮĴðɡ
ڻ˯ءҪϴһˣȼֱۣȴһۣȼԼֱ˦һͷ˵
ӣǸʲô
˯еⷬ;ýҲ֪Ǹɿе뷨˵ȫ˵ȥˡ
ڱʾõֻۣ˸ĴΡ
Ű
ôˣҲûö
䡪
Ҫľǳװܻȼˣһŷȫӿ񷿼ڡ
һƵĴӴṳ̋ڽµţɬĹ˹ǡ˯죬ǿյĵط˾䣺ҵŰ
ȼЩ˼İѽŴӵµÿ
Բ𰡣һġȼԴ۰Ͱ͵Ŵϻδ˯ѵŮʵһ𵽹ȥκģĺأкܶС㹫Ӷȥ
ȼ˵˶٣һ˫Ų
Ըһȥ𣿡
ۣͶȼϡкܶǳ»𣿡
ȼ㶣ƻعˣʹͷ絷⣬ǰǰ춽˵ģҵα
ԣһӾˡ
Ǻãڱȥױ磡Ǿȥκ
Ůոջεˣ뵽ܼ޹ʵĿġˣԼȥͰˮϴ˸ų
ȼõĿϣ̤ʱʵǰȼһոԡ˫΢죬˫ﶼˮʵҼˡ
£ûйװΣֻмɵ·ʲô·ȼҲƲȻǧ˿ҲֻǼ򵥵£ĴʰԵġ
߰ɡȼȥ
ȼԾվ˵ÿ
һЦݣ裬ܰԼŮдòÿ𣿣а

ĺԱ߽źܶĹ¥ں۴αȵšκĶǹټСӶ࣬ӲҪ˵ûйӵĻǵҲУֻǧС˵ࡣ
п±ĿСȼվߴߴɵ̸ͬЩŮҵĻ⡣ĸĸҵĹӺÿĸĸҵСͻƼˡ
һûһĻšֻŮҲ֪ΪʲôǺŮ
춷ѵ˰ԼΨһ˰ɡҲпԼλȴĳУϾ춷ֳúÿȫϸ£ܹ˼ĸܣִ˭ֱָŮҲ
ΪһˣҲⲻס
ֻڶе㻳ԼⱾС˵ﵽûˡҪûãԼͿƾͷϵĹ⻷һˡ
ʲôĺͣòһ˳Ϊϵġ桰ȴΪҰĸԸΪ
ʲôʼѩĶಡӣѩһڣһָ⣬ͱڻˣҲֻǸеһ˲ˡ
ʲôʥԺʱʦ֣ʦܣɽʦ𡭡
ŷ绨жͨͨһ𣿣
ǣǮʵŮҲС
Щ˯˵ġ
֪ΪΣԺҲ֪ôͻȻð뷨ǰԼһ˯ûˡ
춽㣡춽ȼӽлױˡ৵һվ˳Լ΢ѡ
ĿӭŮϡ


7 
춷˹Ц£Ҳкˡ
һͬ˴⴬ֻܳʮˡټϹǷϵƷҪǹˡˣҲҪҡ
ԷƷĹЩԾվԶЩϵλҲˡ
λˣҲȻЩͷûƷĹＷһ㣬˵ȼ춷ˡ
ȼֻһɫ˸βüۼӢĻƤ/ޣ˿Ŷú¡
Ҳֻ˿ҲûʲôӣӣϾôˣĶЩƷҲǲЦ
춷֮ˣûҪڣҲֻǰʥԺ°ӣⷢϱ˸ī񷢹ڡ
춷ѿĽŵǹӶպҪŨࡣϲζ
~
~
~
һֻ۷ͻȻײҰϵСһʱȹϵһҴţȺò绨ǧСǣʱ·ûż˿Ӷ˼и۷䡣
ЩΪʲôС۷ֿɰﶼ£
ɵǸĶŵĳˣҲʵ벻ΪʲôȼҲ
һʱ俪ʼ궯СǸҡҡλεģټȼһﻹװĳ嶯
͸춷ѽЩ
˭֪ȼͻȻļһֱԭ裬ǻϵ˳ĻֱֱС۷Ϯȥ
䡱һ£ոջɵС۷һӾͱճ˿۷䡣
춷ۼֿæ§һϣȼ˳Ļˡ
ȼʲô춷ѰϷ£վǰ棬
̫ӲǱƸȼһʱҲ˵ʲôλ춽ٻعʥԺкܶ˶˵ĺãλ춽Զȶ˸ҪЩһαˣͷЩܡ
ҡȼ˵ʲôֱ춷߳Цȼ˵ؿҲһʱͷСĵģ԰ɣ
ȼԣʹĵ˵ͷֻʵǺüˣԼΧԼԺһҪҪ˵۸
ЦЦҪ˻춷ԣɵЦźʱȴ֪ʲôʱһȹڣҲ֮ܿƵȥҺ춷ۼֿ쵥ֻסûһ˵еı硣
ˣ˺
ءһŴϹǵļǼɸĽˮ˫˫ĺС
ĺˮϲĵط
ˮΪݣûʶһּټģʶݣϲʳˡ
еʱ򣬶ģȼſڴģӰܿȼĵӳͱȦȦĨȥ
춷ѵĻ˾ֱֱ׹ȥõȼĽк
֪˶ãԼҪˮһйƮȻɵʱͻȻһ촽

춷ѺĴͷȻװı˿ɲôռģ⣬رյģͲ
û뵽ƽʱôܵŮڴʱס˫գǿʹԼش򿪣һ򿪣춷ѵͷҲ֮ܳɹĽȥˡ
ģģ͸СĿʦֲ
ίˣĴ춷ѵؿڣ

ԼȻˮ׳ˡ
ȵס죬һ˼Ŀ춷ѣ춷ȴһɵӵ
ֻǻ֣
ֱԭתʮɣ˺İԼԼˣһװһģȥ
Щʲô°үԼŮǰ𣿣
߰ɣΪɵֲ˶ãȥ춷˵꣬˵ͷҪ춷ȥ
ǽһʹͬһȦȦ廨ڽһʹķһ춷תͷΡȴŮͬߵķݣϮɫȹںųһ仨ݱһ˺ס
춷ȥȴһƾճִ񱳺ֵġа۴ֵĺɫ糸ɨ춷Ѳһ㣬ھһٳԼ彣ֱֱȥҪʱȴ紥˵Ѹջء
سԶȥʧŹҲӰ
춷򴽣ɫҪʱơ

ֻýǴĵۣ۵ֱnmǴ˫ٺһйƽʱ򣬺񽥽ʹҲôʹˣӦǱʹ˰ɣȻ
״һݱ
ݱϾһŮŮɫƽ˫ӽţ˯һ㡣úŮ̧ۣΧòһں׵ɽ
ԼϿȥǰѾϵļ̸ˡ
Ҳ˴طӽ׸ĳϵ˳˭֪ಡһӣߵƤ֮ڣæִ˴꣬ôҲ겻ǶƤһ
ִ/ֲ࣬ϵͼССģӦݱµģɡ
ݱ»ݱ»ĩ·֮ݱ»ˣ̹֪٣
ָĦһݱģͼڣǹһĨǳЦһƬڰЦٴλ˹ȥ
ٴʱӳһŴ׺ĵʡһǰŸŮӡ
Ů绻׿°ӣȡһΪŵİۣǧ˿ɢţס֮ա
սһ벻춷ѾȻ˯ˣ˯ջͿģü֮йӵǳ͸ϵԶһ೤ʱɢһ㡣
ͬѩǰ䣬ֻ֪λλȨصĳʥԺĴʦʵ˽Ǹº͵ˣº͵ִСؿҲ
춷ѲָľǾ˯աֻ춷ѵͻȻۣǰһ
춷Ǻӿţͬһ˲׹Ѫ֮С춷ǿǰ˵ģƿӣ֮価ºͣ˶ãĶң
춷һԹĿţЩεıۣŴͷŵıתΣѲã˯ˣĴš
춷ѼһֱŴͷˮˣ
ΪֻϿƶ֮գæ˵ͷ춷ЦѾеˣҸȥúȵġ
Ŀ춷ӰȥſʼΧ/µĴģ͸Ůϲе㡣
Լϵ·ѱˣ˯Ŵ¡ⲼϺõҶδԣ¹û


8 
·Ħţһ¶һõǼһš
Ǹսŵ춷ѾͿһĻ毺õŮһģȴĽ·ŵǼʹᡣ
·𣿡춷ջĿ⣬̬˵߳ǰȥ
춷ˣæ֣һΣûûС
춷ѰѱӵݵĸǰӺһڣţƫ̵ġˮϲֲô¶ȱȽƫ̵ˮ
춷ÿ¶̫θˡ
ƺͻȻʲôɫ΢춷ѣÿһ仰еͣ٣ôģҡΪʲôĴϰ
⼸̱󣬱ֺˡ
˵ʲôֵֹĻ
춷ѺĵһһΪƽɫºͣ񻹺Цڡ
תʱ㲻ˣתȥѰ㣬һɽҵģбǣԲѣô㻽ѣԱ˽Դ˹
ǡֹƮƮؿԼϵ·ոŹˣ춷ϵζ
춷Ѹٲ׽һ˿ϸ΢İɣū㻻ġšбģΪҲѱȽ٣һʱҲǲﲻҪźá
ǵС˼ˣԴصͷɪɪңҲ˼ˡ
Ŷʲô˼춷ЦЦĿƣδƿ΢΢𣬴ʱһֻƻĺꡣ
æܿ˫鹴˵ĵۣͷ͵ĸˡлૣûʲô˼
춷ŮͨĶҲٶˡ
帮ǱȼѾ˵ˣȥѶ⼸סҵаɡ
񣺡
ѾҪȥʥԺҺȼ˵ˣǶǳˣȼȰסҲȴЩ㡣ΪԺ֮ȴһΣ
˳ȼӿҵĶķʽΪԼͷˣ롣
Ҫվ˰ɣһЩҪȥ帮ֵĻ
춷ѼŮм㣬Ҳٶʣڱ˵˽ǲʵġ

ӹ춷˱𣬻صҴԺһ鲻ȻԼԺܵ˷סĵط
ĲƲѾöռꡣӦóΪСŵȴ΢һĲ϶𣬻ҪŮ渶
Ųֱ߽÷Էĸ׾סĵطȴΪĸųСĸŮռȵꡣ
Ҫˡ
ԺеĸŮˣһһյȲ裬һڹյҡӡǣӵǹаݡɫȻ
ΪһߣഺʱҲ˲ٵĿϲС˵ɵкܳĵĳ棬гһҲԼʵУۼҲǻ񵱳ڲסŭ
˭÷ԷģðѲյ£ɱҡŵҲͣ¡ĸŮ־ͬһ㡣
Ӵ˸֦֪ʥԺֵطɲʲôܽء˵һ˿ƽʱŶׯӣʱĿ¶ˡ
ǣѵǰò˵ɣҪ֮ڣĸвȫصҵԺаɡû꣬ôҶһȥʥԺأ
õɫ৵һ¾ͺ˽ǲң㡣
أ԰¡
ȼ춷Сӵǳʲˡ
һ뵽ԼŮڲõĽΪֺ̫һ㣬˵ҲӲ
춷ѣôҲֻǸͨĴŮ˸ŵţ춾ҹͬպҪΪʵۣһͳɽˡ
һԱԶ׼ˡ
ȻԼԺӵŰɣĸĶǻٸ͹ȥġ
֪ɸʱ䣿ϾǷڵء
ҧҧﻹİɣһգһպǾ͸͹ȥ
˵䣬͹ȥҧüأҲҪˣת뿪Ժӡ
صԼԺСҪߵĶȫʰҪߵҲֻٵĿѣҶЩϲ̨档
ʲôƷΪ˹˼˺ԼӣǴЩӦòɡ
ҹУڴϣͷϵɫʣ˼ǧδƣĿһԼϵ··ǰʱ࣬ԭɫڡ
İ׹ճݱµ·»һָûʲô·Ĳ·ԼԭȵƤһ

ڶһ磬𴲵ĵһ¾ǳ÷Էȥ߽ԺͱһĽλϹۡ
߽һЩƲʶƷҲ벻ⷽż䣬ͰĸµеĲƲˡ
ǣȻǴƶ˼ҳģѱļɽͰˡЦһ
ʱúô߳ĸŮ˵һۼı鶼һ޵ģȻǱŵˣȻװ򶨡ӣŸèˡ
ô磿װģ˫üһ۽ǵƶԶ׼ˡ
ǣȻǣϾóǷڵңҪٲӿٶȵĻ빬ʱɲãϾҪ˯ء
΢ףģ˵ţټǵݵĹټСء
ҲֻȽһ춷ѵͷȰĸŮ˻ס˲źá
ͣ¸ӵĶɫسںȵˣСĶһͬˣ͵Ժȥ
Ǳһ
ƺƵĶ̧ʮľ䣬ǰһԶ̵ŮŮûжı飬ֻ˫ֻأյǰ棬ǻȻɵĴôҲڸǲסġ
ͷɣλˡͣת⼸ӡ⼸ӵӴ򿪣˼СƷ
Ʒǰҡҡ
λҲˡЩأҲôϣλ統ɣأҪǰһ¡
ƽʱȴͻȻͣ£ɫҲתͣģϵƷӭ̫Ĺԣԣҫ۹â
Ǽ㿴ңҿ㣬նĿ䵽ϡЦ£ϸü΢
ҪǰɢһϢ˵ҸеС񱻳춷˽ٽڣ춷ҪС㣬ÿҹġůū
ӣ

Լİʰú󣬾ͳڵķȥ˲ɴֻ¶˫һڽš
˵ⳤҪҶС㵱ůūء
ʲôǴ˵Ĺ޵ôҶСʲô뷨ɣ
ŵƽô֪أ
ҲԣҲԡֻС㻹ǿأ֪Ҫ˵ĥ
ɴµĴһ벻Ŵ˰ԳԹϵٶҲִˡҪıǺŮš
Ůò˩ߣȻĻɾͳ˲ĮĻˣŵĵλҲһܵǣ
ʱǱĴǸ۷ءΣŮ·ڣҲòʥԺ
۹
عһаȵġͿЦ

У
Ψж˶衣
춷ѩз˵̵أϵһƬˮ
︮е£ɰˣ춷ʡ
ص£ˡ
֮һƬĬԣֻǸ衣
֪ʱĴԣ춷ͻȻʵһƬž
̧һ˫ӣŵģůֵĲյ£Ǻ⣿
ѾǵͬʥԺ˵ˣⱾǸɺϣټʥԺ޵飬˴ȥҵʶѾȡһˣֲδԹ顣ҪʥԺҲҳʶһǷûڣϱʥԺһʥԺˡ
񾲾꣬춷ѵ۾춷ѵĿпؿԼӰӣٴ۾ɨ˫촽ϣ񣬴á
춷ѽָĶͷܵüһɱ춷ָ¶Ȼء
춷ѳһ룬֣˫ָһգͬʱۡ
һأΣ
춷Ϊ˲裬ƵԣЦ˵ģҶ˽Ůӣôܻأﲢδ֮е£ұЯһȥʥԺ
춷ѻ꣬һϲ


9 
ҹУ񱻰õ᷿
ϻ춷ѵ·ȫǵζ
ǹӶյأ
һ쵽ں
ͷԼı䣬Լĸ첲˯׼ȷ˵춷ѵζ˯
жգǹˣ춷ѰѡӣѾ˼ȴֲȺĻǰϡ
ֻҪһ۱ɿ
·ܹһ飬Ӧ춷ⲼǮһҪģողŰѲƲû涼ûȣҪͳȥˡ
񷢳һ̾Ϣ뵽Ů˴ɻڴԭɡ
ǳ䣬һҹߣůĴ󴲱˯Сľˡ
ڴϵʱ򣬾Ѿūˡ
ڱߺһһѰѱסͷϲŮ𣿿˿ɫ賿Ӱɡ
ᣬֻÿƵӦһѾˡ
˵ǶžʹΪֹ

أŵĵһ仰춷ģӿ𽥱Щ˼飬һ
Ƿһı飬ɵüͷѵʲôʵ
ǲԼĲףһӾб飬һشÿδҪԺϰӦϰˣڷԡء
ŶǺðɣȥϢɣԼȥ
Էܵسҡҡ֣˵꣬ҪӣȥѰ춷ѡĲӽ˵Ļֹסˡ
ֻӣŵ⡭£ϲ䣬ҵڿܻԡ
ҰᵽǰӦģҪֻܴȥһʲôأ˵꣬ҲǺηӦ̧춷޵ķȥ
춷סĵطֲǺܶ࣬ΨһһǣûлһƬĴд̣޾ģûɫĵ׺Եõࡣ
ԼǰȽյĴţ֪ΪЩӿˣԸܵԼ˫ѾʹһƬˡ
ʲôʱŮѧʱ˲Żеа˿ĭ˼Ƭ̻ƿǰĴš
춷ѿͰڣ˫΢أͰ£ɰɫˮԼͷټϹϮ/׳
Ļڴ⣬ԡأȪˮϴ֬
š֨һ졣
˫
춷ڵذϣ/ˮڶѸ֮ưѹϰѿѽ£ϣˮܽá
뵰ˮһǻ
Ŷ촳ƾףһֻŵĶͣڰգˬſڴǧ˿˿ƣЩģߡ
ȥ
֣еŮӴ³ƽʱô˶ʱȴԴŭıȥһϮӵס/⡣
ѩ¶ӭߣȴо˻һ㣬ճյվԭأǶڰеҲδ¡
ڵˮ棬ĿƣƬ̲ʲôһ˼ԺǸ˵˾䡰Ǹֻתȥٿ
˸ϳ˷䣬εأһԼղŵΪһе֡
ΪʲôŮôŮĻҪãӦҹֵʱԼдúһˣǰ͹̵֣춷Ѹȥ
ٴδϣѾ񷽲ŭˡ
תͷֻ춷ԭɫǱһ䣬Ǳƽøˡ
ȰµѪ˰ա춷Щεأеָӻͳһذ׽
񣺡
ȻѪˣ
˫ͫæֽӹ춷еһɣһ𾪵Ķ춷ԭΪ˲㿴ȥӣŭһɨ⡣
С㷽ӵʱһպʱ׽֤ݣ¶ŵģⷴʵǿɰˡ
춷Ѳ뵽ʥԺֻʱſǰȴݽߵĺèʱģһķϲģһá
ҡҲǹģ˫΢죬춷ѵЩƮ춷۾䣬ΪǽҪ׼ʰأ춷Ѳûʰ΢΢/
ҵȻ֪㲻ǹġ춷˵ֱֽЦؿŻΪով·ߵŮ
⻰ͷ͵øˡͻȻǼһϮ֪ˮϣġ
̧ͷײһµŮˡ
ŮƤ˫΢΢죬һĿƵؿԼǸǳǳЦոյˮ飬Ǵںڷµġ
˼䵽˰ա춷˵꣬Լɢķ˿ֹ𣬺÷˿ϵˮ鲻εϡ
֪ǲԴһʱ裬ֻǶţûûУ㡭
ţ˵ʲô춷΢
ûûʲôػص
ͷ䣬Ƚ˵ա춷һ䣬нȥˡܵǹ㽥ɢŽԶȥıӰȥʱѾˡ
춷ѽݣ춷Ѻţ춷ǰ㣬һյ赽ǰ
ôҴҵңʲô𣿡
Ҳûʲô£ֻǣ⹬ǽֻ֮ʶһˣҶһ˴⹬УԼϤˣͷЩġŪָ˵
Ůֱ׵Ļ춷ҲֻڲˮЦ
ǵˣҪһ˸е¶įĻԴ᷿ͬһסվǹˣһҪһʥԺʱԺʦʦ㣬Ҳˡ
ʥԺҲҪͬһס
ҪʥԺȺסһᱻ۸ģ
С˵ôԼдҵģ
ԣֻкŮԺܸߵһ𣬲Ųᱻ۸
벻㾹ôִ𣿡춷ЦЦ
æ⣬Ҳ˼ҪһϲĽʥԺĻһᱻ۸ġ
˵ţǻĿǻˡ춷ЩӦ˾䣬Ǻãʱͬһסڷ紵Ժա
Ůкᣬⷬ¶һЦỨ˸ͬϷӡ
ҫ۵úܣ̫Ҫҫۡ
ʱ춷֪ʶȷΪʮ׼˵ʮױԷ񣬵说½һ磬Ҳǡ˳֮
춷ѾﵽŽˣֻҪǴﵽ߽֮󣬱ͻˣҲΪʲôʥԺôٵԭ
ͻȻеŮأ񷢳һ̾ϢҪԼͷϵĹ⻷ҲܱŮôͺˡ
ô̾أʲô𣿡춷Ѻ̾ϢԹģʵ
δʥԺʱ򣬶ᱻ˼Ҳֻ˵ľﻰ
Լһ贩ԽûлɰŮӣƵŮֲ˼ġ
ȥʥԺˣ춷ᣬʵΪѧῪĺѧ㡣
ûУֻһ뵽ҪʥԺˣЩˡ
ﵹҲصģʥԺĵǶѺõġ
ĺǺһЦΪʥԺĴʦ㣬Ȼǲ֪ԼҵӵʵףĸӼ㲻ǹĽһʦ㡱
žһСĺ
춷ϸ΢ĺ֮󣬽ԭڲյϵĿϣϸü΢£Ҫʲô뷨ֱ
񷢾
ûûʲô⣬·ĺˣһʥԺⷢģҲ֪ôˣৡһͻȻվ϶µĿŵ춷ѣɫ
춷ЦǺģ́һ˫ɫ޾صŮЦãҺڴı飬塭Сʦã
춷ϵüǹġ˫ٴûϢһ죬ƺ

ͬ춷һ·ϣΪ⳶˸ɣ˵һ˸еį
˼ŮⲻᶫˣôŮϲأаϲ벻гһҲиƯԼʹָоͦˬ
Űɣһʰͺáͣ½Ų춷ѣЦ绨
춷˸ֶӦǺá
Ǿͳһ
һͷʰһ͵͵춷ѵķͷ룺ſĿ
춷һɨݸһЦżæջĿ⣬Ҳٹġ͵˼ˡ
춷ѾȻصţҲʲô
·𶼼Ůͷϵķˣ˶ĵ
ǡƽ⡱ԼΪŮƣ˳ˢһڸСشԼʰõİһ
ȻûС˵ԭе趨ӦҲɡ
¿ɣҿܻҪʰһʱ䡣
ǰŮ˫貣ʮָƤŴ˵
춷һۣǳչ½͸ͫеӳһ˵Ӱӣгչ£ƤϵСëɼ
ҮӴ˾Ӵ˳Ůľȥɣ
춷ŸҲ£ټǰŮϣأòҲͻȻһټ˽һλİʲôǱֽӹ
ѾˣɼⱾ˰֮УӦòٴΡ
춷ϸָסһǣᷭһ档
emm
ǰŮ˵Ľ.ͼϷ.̬.ǧ˰̬ÿһ֡춷üס񣬽ŷȥ
ŮǺÿϸü𣬾ͺɻˣѵôŮҲп
˺һᣬ춷ѲĿ£žһϡ
һ˫ŭ
񣺣ŮΪʲôҪ飿
Щ棬Ƶ춷ԣǺϵ춷ѳǳ˺ü춷Ѳɵ֡
֪һһ


10 
Դˡһ£崻ˡ
סƤָؽڴЩףɪɪ̧ȥ춷ѵı顣ȴôҲҿֻ΢ǽŵĺ촽Ǿзе򦡣
ΪʲôС˵ԶЩֵֹĶ
Ҫӵ𣿣
ֻνͣ£ҡƽʱЩġ
춷üζؿŶʲôʱſ
ʲôʱҲҲ֪ΪʲôҵİҲֻµµȵģԲһŵ½ƶѡ
Ůβ죬ǻŨʱһ㡣
춷ٴζеˣδʰõİȰѶʰ˰ɡ
˵꣬ƹ񣬽ڼϵ·ȫȡ
ĨϸӰһ֮ʦ㣬һ֮İʰ񲻽йӱչ˵ĸо
Ҹ
£ɡߵ춷ѱ˵
춷ָͣϹŵǻϣϴκڽ̸ѡģԭΪҵտܲôտ벻Ҳ
ɡ춷˵ָ꣬£Ϊ·
Ȼûע⵽춷ѵĶµذԼĶʰú󣬲˼ôص·ô⡣
ôվ·ǰһ˼ġ
ô
춷Ѳ֪ʱƵʵǽ˸顣
ãÿֻ룬ôû˿ĥ´ȥ
Ͼ·̫ˣҪ˳ˣɳܲ
ﵹҲصģҲްġ춷˵ֶ꣬˶٣ֵﴩʲôǺÿġ
ðɣСžֱŮˣ˿ĸо治
С˵˾䣺лл
Ȼ㲻ôǵأѹϵ·ȡ·΢һۣڻ
˾ֻص춷סĵط
һ뵽Ҫ춷ѹߣĻ˷ܵģһ뵽춷ѶһһЦСжһů
Ծ˿ĭ
òˣȻŮʲôе˼ɣǿɲУҪ飬ƨʥԺ޴
˳˳ԼؿڣԼ侲һ㣬òˣҹԲŮԭǸᶯˡ
ѪˣҲΪԺʵ춨һ
ҪԲûдҲ桭ǾͲõˡ
վŮˣ飬ȻͻΥⲿС˵ԭеĶɣԲһУϻ
Բ᲻棬ֻϣԼҪŮͺá
Ϊ˵ȫġ

ҹУ춷ѻһϸ˻ʼҲӵеĴԡء
رƣƶɽĹҲһƬˮϴѾΪˣҪūź뾡ū
ҪԼһ˾ͿˣæϽ´Ķͣ£˫ְԼȦġ
ϸһҾūˡ
ٴιƽֻлͷµˮŸȫѽ쵽ڡ
һ˲䣬˵Ĺͷˡ
üͷչ㷢ͷɢڳ⡣
Ҳ֪˶ãʱָݵɫСˣĿƵľϵƳϣ⣬춷ѵѡ
һõǼţȻϣǹأͷһҪ춷õʲôϴҺԣϴҺִ˵˵Ӧõʲôϴӡ
ջ񣬽춷Ϯ£ϡ
ǱȽϵģҫ»ᷢɫӰ£ɱѿϣ͸˲ƽһŮĲһ¾ͳˡ
סһƬ㲻ϴ/Ĵ/⣬ǲȫ¶ǡö˼ֻ֡һ֣Ǿǡ͸
춷ѻδֻһڷУŤŤ˰ϵı߱һǣ뵽鶾춷ϣĴУֲú
°ףҡҷδƮסӣ֦Ҷ仨㣬¹͸֦ѾµߣҰ紵ϸСҶ죬Ϣ
֨
ųˬҶζ춷ѵĵůڣֻһ㱡£ҹӦԵį¼ŵġ
춷Ѳͬ滹һ㰵֥ۣ·»Ĺâ
춷߽΢΢ŵģһ˫纮̶ĺͫŲ
ȴǺȻһЦ
һ˲ɽ飬ü͵ǡīɽˮ
üԶɽһ㣬˫ͫǡէ͸īɫЦȴδμ󣬶ҪЦһ¡
ҹͬޣɻ£춷ʡ
춷ѵ񣬲Ծֱܿˣૣˣˣ²ˡ
Ǿͺãһĸﰲȫء
춷ѺǺһЦȻؽ£ԡ


11 
ܵǹϤٴֱǶ롣ӲӣŲһŲȴ춷ϢѹЩ
춷ͻȻһ
ôˣ͵ػعġ
û£Ҫ˾ЪϢա춷Цһ齡
˫ֽڸĽëű۵Ķ˲˼£ֲˡ
ǰݣ춷Ѿ˫Ҳǹ󣬷·춷ѳo˵ԶԶһۣ¡
ǿʹԼƿۣҲ齣ȥ˵ƣȻѧ춷ѵĶͬ˫ֽڸ
说½ǹ¿ͬ졣¿ͬͬ
»͸ŮӵĲ棬ۣǾ͵Ĳ̵ͦıĴںڵķ֬Ƥ
ʹشսָֻʣߵʱȴͣסˣŴԼָ⣬֣Ҫջָʱȴٿرס
ŵô˸乵ٴ̧˫ҹԵúӡ
ʱء
£
ʲô
춷ɫžǧ֮⣬ʱȴס۵šü
δش춷ѵĻһض춷˵£Ūˡ
ʲô춷ѶʹӶ˵仰ʡ
˫ŵںڰԵ١
ңֻ뿴˯ûС
ڱ˸ɣֱֱ춷ѵ۾ɫء춷ŰַſʲôҲû˵
Ҳδ⡣춷ȥŭ̬ɫƣƾ¹ȥüֻۣ˵üǺҲǳġ
ʱٿػһŰ׹磬Ŷˮ䣬¡¡ġ
ǵŵӲ¡
ȻΪӵıܷӦһᣬŮǰάԼСŮ裬õʥԺʱ춷Ҳһչ
װģ춷˴գΪ˴˸Сãģס춷ѵ½ǣ¡¡
춷Ѻֶ˺Щʱ䣬η˯ڲࡣ
춷Ѻ໻˸λãССһֻڲ࣬춷࣬ټ춷ǽӲൽǱߵģ˶Ǳ춷Ȧڻһ
ܵõ춷ԼϵģŮеʵܲסˣΪϢڲϣ˵ϿƤһ㡣
ִУҲ˽ϢĲϡǴʱȴģҪ˶ˮһȻҲ̸ʲôУ΢΢Ų/ӡ
ŲӵģȴСıһסͷʹįҹͻȻһ/˲졣
ôֵֹᷢôε¡
Ҳû뵽춷˯ôصˣҲѹԼͷ
£ѹͷˡⷢ˺þãٴκƤС˵
Ǻǣǲ˼ˡ춷ʵʱ΢΢˵Ϸζһ
춷ŵ΢΢ϽԼͷ̻أͷ춷ѵ¡ػˡ
񻹿Цֻûû¡
ҺϣҪڰŮԼôģǿɶˡ
꣬춷ѵľ˯գһָ˴춷ѵգһ˳ƹ춷ѵĻУԼ˫Ȧ춷䣬ϸļ
̰ŮϿͣûҪļŸҸһġ
Լ춷ѵľָЩ˴ʱľǱȦ˻Сؽͷ춷֮ϡ
ţȱҪ
ǼҲϺŵ㣬Ƶ㣬춷ѵ㡣
ҹУһ˫ɫԼеС˶С˶ƽ˳ɫؾصؿxiongǰ˫ȴôʵĻ
ű´ºƬ춷ѶЩֲ壬Լϵ¶ȵԼģλˡ
춷飬ָһĮȻ
ȴС˶ġˣĿСת˰죬Ҳûƿ

һɫҺ廨մйȹۺɴڸͷЯŻӰ裬£кһ꣬ڤڤƣһա
ʼ磬Ȼڶǰ
춷Ѻһ𵽳ġ
һϮѣӵϸ˿߹˼Ƭƣ°һɫĺˮƣǰз˴ɫĽйӺݻ
ȴ˿ӷŮָɽľޡ
ôС˶ʱȴѾɼˡ
춷ѱ˸ˮīɫڣһϮѣȴòУϵİƷ࣬˿ճƣΪټǾ֮üۣ˶࿴ۡ
춷ѳԡǵò·Ĺˣʿ
ǵʱڶֵռݣıѩŵĵͷëȫӲӣһ߰ͷޣͷһֱѪˡ
˾޴ס⣬͸Ѫ˵϶£˵ߡ
һۻʣϢɽֵɡ
裬в֪ʱһðŽ⣬չ˫ᣬ˻ţټĳסһƬѪɫʣͷ֮š
ͬѪһͬ
ٰɫȥŮɴƣͦļظλ
ϸ贫ϣʦ㶯һƬڡ
һڿէƬݺԵͻأ˶ͣеĶԼͬĽתĵط
ֻһŮӣŮ緢üﲻһϮ±紵û졣أ֮Ŀ£ӿл¡
ȹӰһ˶ġȫŵĺ
ڼ˵ʱԺо˼ʣǾǡ޼ջˮŮݼڵķ΢ϸӳˣĴ΢ģܺ죬ĨѪһ㡣
һʱŻޱȵǰ̣һ֮ȡ
Ʈ֮֮Źܵĺ֮
ʱ֪˭˾䣺ɣ⣡
ʱһ㡣˽̧ȥϸϸŮӵգȴŮƺҲ̧ϸˡ


12 
ڹ綼бˣŮµһ仰䣬ǲء
ɣ⣡úôɣǣ߸ʲôһӴȺ߳ɫ΢ŭֱֱָɣŮˡ
ŮȴǲŭݸһһЦƸ˻ǵ
ϯŲмأߣҪ֮У˭ԸԽۡ˷һ˵ġɣһӣ촽ߺ˵һ䲻ҪĻ
ڳ˶зŭǺ乡
ϮлϮˣɣʵ֪ǲ˳ԭ򣬶ʱԵòŭ
ڳֺ󣬽һ𾪣ͬ˽ͷӶţ֪ߴߴɵ˵Щʲôſ϶ʱ䣬ȥ춷ѡ
춷ѵɫܲÿǼڸʲô˫촽ҲǽŵģٿԵ֣Ҳ߬ȭͷԼûԼѲԾšü
Ŷǿˣɣüʵ
ûӦֻö磬ͻȻһɫӰٿ춷Ѿ̤ɣǰˡ
һһס
һޣһ䡣
⽭֮˰ϵİ׺Ͱڴʱŵһ𡣿νǣǳ֮
ҶΪһϮˡ
ɣ˸Ų춷ѵ۾һЦ⣬ʥԺСϣҲҵɣ·𣿡
ߡ춷ֻһ䡣
ڳȻ֪λ˵ġָ˭
޷ձδ⣬ݣ죬ۼһɫײ·ӡŵȴǲԶź֮ŮϮ
˫΢Ҫ˵Щʲôջʲôû˵ֻĨӰ
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ڵ߾ʲôֵʲôʲô˵һжδ֪ġ
ҲԢţⲿС˵ΣϵһһҲҪСˣȻʲôʱСʲôţ塣
Ҫˣֵõ㣿ɣȻЦ·ʲôЦһ
ɣ⣬ϣȰ㲻ҪʶôѲһϮػ𣿡
һɷǵͷӵ۵ģǳɫҲֻŰˣ˵컹ǶȺУվ
ΪɣģŻͷŽ˶࣬Եƽʱ˵㡣
ҲǷѻ
ֻһ䣬һӰȺеɨ
عʱѾڰˡ
񣺡
˭§ģȭͷɣһ£ɣȴ˿оƵġ
˵ĪСӣֻҪңѺϮĵطľͳɡɣ˵һֽͶϣ˫ɵķۺЦ⣬ƻһƤ
ɻ˳ȥһԼȥأTMǳluoluoˣå
ɣŭֻЦ̧˫ӣ߶ϡ
ڳôˣֻѡҲԭģϾͬλʥԺĴʦʱؼˣλ˿ҪĴ⡣
ټʱڿжѾԶԶλվһ̸Цˡ춷޵ҲҪһģͶģ춷ѻ§ŵλ
ҪõϮˡ
ɣ˫Ŀ͸ޱȵݣΪǱεһ˼ֶЫ˵ζ
أһѰɫƳգ쪡һԶϻɣ§ֻһǻףǳȵС
Ӻ׷İŮӣֻǵǡ
춷ɸֶ˫΢΢ȫȻ䵽ϣ֪ΪΣпôįֲ֪࣬ΪΣЩۡ
춷Ҿվһ㣬һƮ졣
ҪϮɣɴֱ˵
ĿԶİŮӣ춷ɫƽ˵ϲŭʺĴһֱߡ
ĻԼ
춷ѲɣֻὫأ
ɣ⽫ɱˣܴԽִ
ִѾأɹ»Ұ
̣á
ջǽĿضŮӵϡ
ɣһֻסһָֽȻǹһĨаЦ̧춷ѣ춷ѼЦָƵ˲Ӵ
ǹ춷ѿġ
˵Ҫһȥͷַλȥأɣյߣ˵ıϢڲֻüƤ񶼵һء
ҪԵͻȻİŮ˰ɣ
ֻÿ־ϮȫǧƵ߸Ƥ⣬ȻٺݺһգѪ
춷Ծȴʱͣˡ
ҽҪ
һʱĿת֮䣬սȼգڶм䣬ζӳ¡
ɣһ۴ֵĺɫƤޣϵĵ̿ļһ
춷Ҳɫٻأź⣬ԶĿ⣬΢΢һ̳žơ
أ֪Ļһͣιɽۣϴ򶷵ļ˶С
Ŀͬʱĵطȥ
ȴ糡ϣѪ˶ֻðŽչǱȰ߻ҪϮ
һŮŮɫܰף׵񣬿Ĵܺ죬ӣһ㣬ǵȴҲ紵𣬴û졣
֪ʱһէ֣ϵŮسǰ߽˲ŷ֣ŮԭǸäġ
ŮɫҰϸһײǧīɢţյشڼϣϮǷ˿ȴַɽˮī
Ҹߡ
Ůֱֱɣվظɣ⣬˫ϲаײҲڲסŮİ
Ůһֻǲ֪⻰ǳ˭˵ġŮֲһ䣺Ҹɣǡ
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벻ŮʮֲмһӦ˾䣺Ȼġ
Ϯ춷ͻȻס
춽㣬ʵǱҲѾ˵ˣ¶жģ֪ҵĶʲôԣԸߡ
춷򴽣ɣ״§һɡߵķݣֱֱ׹
ܶ磬Ǿ޴ʧظСڹɫ¥ҪϢüһ˲ȴһء
Ҫһ
ǰһûдҲûԲһϡ


13 
Ҳ֪ǲǷ̫ԵʣԸܵһ۽£ӡ
Ȼһӱ˹˫ʶػס˵Ĳ
۾գգֻǿŮǷ򦣬֬ļɫʱһ
Ѿ
ôǰһ춷ѵأ
˻ǡ겻ɢء
һĨЦ
еˮɢȥ߱ΪʱѾȻˡ
ƮȻ£Ȼģ춷ѵֱ۲ΡΡվ
񷢳һϸ΢ĴžҪʯȥ춷æ˳Լ§
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ңҡִ춷ѵֱϣֹۿ΢졣
ѿۿڲǰᡣ
Ǹܾˡ춷ֻǽɫ˵
춷Լĵӳɫֻ࣬ͷɬ޵ģģŲޣԴǻ˵һΪ㲻ˡ
᣿ᶪʥԺСʦһȥ춷ɤ΢ơ΢΢޳ָ΢΢ɢķȥ
΢͸ƣʵǺˣһĲࡪֻͬһ
ʱͷһƬȥźգͶӰ֮СµĶˣֱֱ
ǰĺŮӣü΢ޣ촽ͿĨѪһ㣬ˬޡ
ϸƣǺŮһŮŮī΢ᴵ¶ǲҰ㲵ӣʼǴģѻĽëסĴƬ⣬ڿŮ׵ɡ
춽㣬ǻʥԺϮߵ춷Ѹǰͣ¡ģڳʲôƽˡ
ɣ˫ֻأϵ̬˺һȭ
ǴǵаЦ޵ŮովȻְԼˣѵ֪񲻻ɣǸϲ𣿻˵Ů뽫Լء
еŭ𶼿ˣɣȴǽͷת˿ûΪԼղŵǷΪ͵ļ
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ʵԭȣ춷ѾѾϮȥʥԺϾɸţҲĿƶһ˿ϡ
֮ǰʵˣŮڸв֪ŵһٻƾһ֮ڶΧˣҲ޿κΡ
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Ҳȥ׷׷
񾲾ţȴԾŮϡ
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Ҳԣ˱ӦһӦõΪһˣ˵Ĵʦ㡣
ֽĿԶȥƾ棬͸Ʋ£˵˲⣬ʱô¾ãΪʲôȻįأ
ɫɽͷƹһŻ׼һҿջЪ£Ȼڶ·
ջֺģŷεĵǻŽλռˣƺҲΪ˸·;еһҿջЪ¡
ʱ˲Ŀ⣬ͬˣһӹˡ
춷ѽƵݸϮȻԼһ˵ǸѾûˣҹǾȶ˯һ䣬ջʥԺзסˡ
Ҳ֪ΪΣ춷˵ջǶʮ˵ŵӾЩ궯
һ£嵶ŮٿؽеĲ豭һеĲʱƬƬŹ̵Ĳˮڿ
̧һ˫һưɱʥԺˣ
춷˦䣬ֶɫϲŭǣ
벻Ůȴһߣǣ벻ʥԺĴʦ㣬ǰʥԺμԱȵºӣ˫δºӡ


14 
춷ѳⱻ˫Ů΢΢סҲǴкˡҪЯһ˻طϢȴٴαŮӻסˣͣ½Ųͷ
춹ջķ䶼ռˣǲὨɣ˫ϵıԼԼɼһβͣ˵ⷬʱʹء
춷Ҫڣ˭֪ɣȴһǰ
ֻɣ¶֮ɫƽǸɢ̬ڴʱ˵벻ȴᣬüɫġ
˵˵һŮ˻Ὣøǡ
λ𣿡˫΢У͸Ų
žһ°彣ϣԼİͬɣš
ɣ˫ֻأɫ˫ü˼ȥ
˾ôһ˫ֲɣˣߡһ½ͷתһУط֣Яºһ˻طȥˡ
վԭء
ַɡ춷ǴƬף߽Цһöľʷó
ɣתתƵԣȻĲż˵
Һλһ䣡
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ȻСʦòԸͬһ䣬ǾСʦͬһա춷ЦǺǣĿתͣϡ
ԣҪ͵һ䣬ŵһ˯ŵġߺ󣬲¶ۼƵ춷ԡ
ɣԵäŮġ
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춷ѽ£齱ߣһֽͷϵıƿЩЦ˵𣿡
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Ǻǡ춷Цɤ࣬ѱӸǵôô˯أ
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ʦһ£ĪҪҹһѹͷ
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춷Ѽ״û˵Щʲôˣֻ˵ơһƬڰ֮Уࡣ
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춷ѰѱҴãתͷŮ˯ݰ꣬Լ˫ֽڸ¡

ô
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ҲܣҽҪ˯ϣҪǲĻҾѹ˯Σäۣäۣɣ
äۡϮȻǽɣһΪϮѾ˯˵ġֻŮƽţϵİҲûȡ¹
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Сһ
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ϮһθеΪѣҵҪٲſĻұϳ䡣
ɣԣҲ֪ôˣƽʱԵ˿ڴʱ뿴äŮܽɣ⿪ʼСвҲ
ôš
Ϯ˰ҲûȵҪļ˫üԾš
ɫ䣬겻


һ
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žһŮ²Ƭž֮СͷϵʻǣһŰɫµŮ˰źԾ͵⡣
١žһºľɫѸٺϣ㴭Ϣġ
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ɣվһӣ칫ܲˡɣ⽫ԼСٳ̳һȴΪʱġܷۡɣ˾бһβڡ
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ӿůģɣۣһ½ǣЦЦ
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Ϯ˴ϣɣսһƣĽë𣬴ɰ׵ƤĴϸϸƤء
ʱ¡Ϯ޲ƽ˵
ɣǺ촽ţ֪äҪʼˡ

Ϯδ˵һʱɣۼֿѹϮϣһзϮ롣
꣬Ҫ˵ˡɣɤѹýϵͣҹ˵ζȵıϢϣ顣
ϮֽɣƿҪ˯ͺú˯
ɣһЦִϮϷ£ֵַϮࡣ
ҲͰ˰̲ˣɣȷϮ˯֮ŵؽŮ§ڻԼ°ͿŮĶͷýġ
ǼŮϺŵĲҩ㣬ϸƺ޹²ݵģ΢࣬ȴЩ
Ůӱڻﻹأɣ۾


15 
΢Ĩǰס
춷ǰ裬ۺһˮĿ⽥ӲյƵϵ˶ϡ
Ůǧ˿ɢǴϣӣɫĴ뺬һ㴽顣춷ѴзһЦƸϰһ㣬ҡҡͷеĲˮ¡
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ʱѾյˡ
ΧһȦûˣ̽ԵĻ
££
£²ĸеˣٿشӴҴš
վذϣֱȫָоջˡʱȴ˿ںֻԴæڷתš
춷Ѳᶪһ˰ɣһҪûҪû֣ô߻⣬Ҫʲôͺִ򲻹ҪǱʲộˣô죿
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춷Ѱϵľ£ٴζϾ˵ӣ䣺ԭҵķձ㣬Ҳ͵ǣļˡ
лл
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׼ȥɣϮһԼţԸȻ·
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Ҳӷ£ô۰Ͱ͵Ŷˡ
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ǡϮһЦҪʲô˼أ
춷վ˷ӣ߰ɣȻãھ͸̤ȥʥԺ·ˡ

˵һյأϮھһһĳʹԶ졣£ϵĻҳ˼
վ춷ԣ۰Ͱ͵ļϮϷǰαúÿģɶûҵʲôᣬµǿԺúùۿһˡ
Դźȥɫ˭֪һɱ˫ĺӿţֻȫͬһ˲׹Ѫ֮С
Ѳ΢΢춷ѵķŲŲ
춷Ҳǳĵǰһ񳹵׵
̽ͷȥȴƲһ㣬ƿˡ
һźð¡
Դ˵̬Ȼǲģ֪Ϯä֪ͷϮͷȥϮֻ̧ͣڿС
֪Ϯʲôˡ
ɣĽԼıϮ棬Ϯ񱳡
߰ɡ춷˵
˿ĭѧϮӽ̤ͷϣƹһ̤ȥһ˲ͻȻԴ
ǱͱվȵٴδӰе£ӲܿƵȥҺ춷ۼֿ쵥ֻסûɹʺġ硱
ԸⲼ϶¶ȣܲϰߵķ˴ξָоġ
࣬Ī֡ϮĽкǱĺǳһ䣬⻽ࡱҲûˡ
ԹԵĽͷ£ȫ
ϵڼ䣬һͬ˵໰󲿷ֶɣڴԼǰֶţƣôô
ЩŮҸĵĻ⡣
˵ԺҸʲôɾɣʵҲˣղû˵֮ⷬ
벻յĻظǣ
顣
顣
顣
ǺǣǺðɡɣԳЦһ
ʵ̸ʱʵȥһˡ
֪Ȼ춷޵飬ⱲӾľҪûС顱
ǵſ֮󣬱ּջĿ⡣
Ϊ춷ʵ̫ˡ
ɵ·һۣͳ¡
ŮӰƮ裬뵣߳ϼ죬Ѥ͸ӯƲ£ӱ߽ǶǱɫĹ⡣
ôˣ춷ƣ
ܴ춷ҲȻЩſ˵
Ů˵ʱ϶еܰҲȵıϢڶߣ춷ѺͬǰӶռġ
ϢˮǼ䶼ˬһƬȫһ˲飬վˡ
ûûôǾ羰ÿ͵ץסˣĪ춷ʱЩ顣
ֻǺԼĬĬв˾䡪Ϊߵ˺ÿ⾰ɫŵԺÿ


16 
ʥԺŸƣǰеڴվڡÿ˿ʣ˿İڼϡ
ϵƮ䱻紵ĺ죬϶£߶ͬһȥ
ֻĸŮӡ
һǵĴʦ㣬ǴʦԱߵĻһʶõŮ˳ŮȥһϲŰŮŮԱ߻һŮˣŮ˫ֻأһܲмӡ
Ů߽Ǽ۾һƣǶ겻ɣǳȵȣɣǳ
ǼӣϵĨȣִɫǰ̤һɣŮˡ
춷Ѽ״ϱһ٣΢΢ǰһͬǼӶλʦܣʥԺĿˡͷΪǷһУ
ʦˡһԴǸĳ΢΢ףѸԱߵɣһ۲˻ȥΪǷС
ԺпԿܶӣµģµģµĶУÿ϶ԼԵ
Ǵ඼ǽУ˵Цģһ㻹ǸǴѧͦġ
Ʃ磬ںӱ޵Ůѵѱ޵꣬¶ĵŮţô춷Աߣ߱ߴʥԺ
أһƬɫƤһ˲ƻƣһ˳ĻôûԤʾͻȻϮ
ȵĻӳͫףͫ΢ϵı黹ûӦľ֡ߵˣҲУֻܾôվţ˻ԼϮ׼
˭֪֫ٴα§һɫͷ۵һƬɫĹ⡣춷˫һӣͻΪһƻ̣㲻ˡ
˵ˣ춷ʡ
վµ˵˾䣺ޡ
Բ𣬶ԲλСʦãˣûˡ
ǻˣվǰǸɫ꣬۾䣬ŻǸ˵
ûû£ԼȥˡܲסС̫ǸæӦ
ˣСʦĸԺģôòûʥԺأ죬ơ
ҡ֪˵ЩʲôͰ͵ġ
Ժġ춷͡
ŶԭʦԺѽѹָʦһ𡣡
ϱЦǺǣаģò˼ˡ
ȣȸԺġ춷࣬ƽͬ˵ԺеһУǽϮɣ˸ͷˡ
˸ںҲ˸ţҲڶʥԺʲôﶼ˽⡣
춷ѽ쵽һȽƫƧݵĵططҹ䣬ͥ뻹һټǧͩ
˵нͣϢ𣿡ƶ˵ġ
й춷Ƶ˵̧꣬˳񿴵ķȥ
˰֮ʵʳͩܣȪ
ţ񷢳һβ
һֻڴϢûˡ춷˵꣬ȥ۵׵ɫƾôҲ壬·һ棬ݲȥ̽
춷ѵֻϧȴôҲƲ۵׵ɫ
ûӦˣֻǽߴ춷ƿתͩϡϮɣѾȥˣԺĸ᷿춷ѹסһ䣬Ϯɣסһ䡣
ԭԺֻ˵ģκֶ༷춷еϣָһöӡ
ɻģ춷ѽϵĲˮƵǰԼҲ£ʵ
ģ˼룬ҡҡͷ
ǿɾͿϧˡ춷Цҡҡͷ˿ڲ裬жŵ㣬Ƣ۾ͷĺǽߣųֵĲ
е̶裬ͷλ̫µСšҲءֳ°ͣԺϵƾ档
ȥ춷ѵüۣ춷ѵֳԴ£һͷ˿Ѿ˯ˣ˳ŨܵĽëӳɰ׵Ƥϣ˾ƸӰһΣˡ
һԼὫֻôأͻȻ뵽㣬ЩʹƲס¡
չ͸춷Ĳϣָ⣬ȴ춷ѵӻзֺʱͣˡ
Լָ⣬ջǽջأǽӴյ춷ǰ˫ֳϣôؿ
ŴŵİȻѵõġȴ춷߸ܵܶࡣִûиܹİݡ
ͻȻһɱֱȫ춷˫΢ķ˰ָס춷ֱӽ˵˫ֿϣһһֵǽϣԼǽյúܽ
ɻټײǽڵʹ˫ü΢зһƺߡؿǰŮˡ
֨һ£ǰŵľűɣƿ˫һ۾ǰⳡգգ
ˣˣǼʲôҲû˵꣬ɣ˾ˣŰȫϡ
춷ѽĿջأתϡ³ʪġ
Сʦʲôأ춷ɤ΢ͣڼ۲ת˵ȻС
ûûʲôܲϰôȵԴεذͷתˡ
춷ȴ޳ָ°ͣ˻۵׵Ц⽥Ũ
Ưĵ΢΢ͬҹеһͬһֻĺꡣ
ţ춷û˵ֻǷһɻβɿ
棬ûʲôֻǿԴ̫ˣһ¡ں˸ɡ
Ŷô춷βеϳ
ͣȥˡͰͣ΢㣬Ϊ飬ֻýĿηֱ˽ȥ
ǺǣǺðɣ⵹ˡ춷ЦЦŽɿ
ԼһȦֲӣԹĿǰЦЦİŮӡ
ҲĪҪһˣˡ춷ЦǺǣȻĽַͷࡣ
ֻСèһ۾
ʦãҪסʥԺ޵顣ǧǧ򶼲Ȼ³صģʥԺҽĵһء
춷ͻȻӱȥָľ˵
񲻶춷ΪʲôҪͻȻ˵Щ
ֻ֣صĵ˵ͷʾԼˡ
գϮҪͨʥԺݡ·ʽʥԺûͨĻʹлֻˡɣأվǲݵģ˵Ȩġ
춷Ǳģĳ˵ⷬ˶٣˺ܾòֿ˵ͨԣ˽Դȥķ


17 
ϣ춷ת
ͫ޼ţʲôɫ
ţһġ˵Ӳ˵㡣ŮΪʲôҪĳͬ˵һ񲻽⡣
ڶգʥԺԺһ֮ʥԺĴϣ춷Ϯ˲Եĵط
ɣ˶˻˯Աû˵ҲѰø徲
һλǰзһӣէֳһݾôһһ㣬̾ǧ㡣
ǸԾı飬Լôӡ
̤ݵʱҪ߱á춷ߵǰִļϣɫ
һģ·ġ˵꣬㲻ȥ춷ѵı飬˼ڣԼûôš
ݣ˽⣬ڹվȥ࣬ڿն
ƾһŵС
԰ѥ̤һʱ඼Ȼһ£ԶȥǰããһƬʲôҲüֻǰݡ
һһ̤ÿ̤һԿǶҪʹһ£ÿζʹšüͷŮӭߵϼ⣬ĶǻһһţûаҪͣļ
ɢԼһͷīīǰЩģߣǻǿĿǰͷ޾ڵء
оˣͷѾվúܸˣȫԽľɫһֻ࣬һۿǸŮӣŮӵ壬֪
춷ĿͶģ΢Уϵ˶ϵġ
ôСͦİ
춷ԱߵһλͻȻ˵зŵһ˫۷·ܶϤһС
Ҳֻǿˡ춷˵գջĿ⡣ŻǴʱҲȫȥ
ԼԼŮӽ׵£Ҳδ̧ˣ֪ΪΣͷƿȱһһšüͷǿʹԼ߳ǰͶȥ
һ·ߵüѣԽǰһƮĻȾԽ߾Խģ־ҲҪɵһֻƮƮԼںδ֪
ڽͷöĿϣҪܵϣҵĴϣԣⴥôӦڼĴϡ
ͷԶԼڴϵĳǲȴҲһ̶ûͣµϼš
ֻ֪ȥĻԵĻǲ̵Ĵûȥʹ˲˼ⷬ˼ȻģҲ𻯳ˡ
ҧŴ˫ǦһĳأȴòһһȻӺСҲûͣ
׳ݽطź⣬һȦȦ͸Ųɫˮʪǧ˿񷽲һƮ裬Ǳˮճ˽׵쾱ϣ˿īȾ˲뵽ص
ǰֻһ
ѵǾͷ룬Դγãʶֻڲǲݺһͷȥȥκ¡
춷ѼһĨҡҡλΣڲһ֮ʣջѩ׵ϵ¡
Ůɢķ˿ӭ𣬽ɫС͸ŸɫѪܣ춷ѽ˽ӹԿŮںǲüͷÿԿһСɽˡ
һëһ㣬£춷ѵĻС춷ѳǼ΢΢ף˺ͷվš
춷վţ춷ѵĻ
ǰͬ춷Ѵϳʹ˸ɫɤӣ֮⣬ͨϮϮ￪ʼɡ
΢΢ΪϮһ
ֻä۵ŮһӿǷɣ衣ٶȿϷˮĵһһĽݣһһ
벻ڶ̶ڵĲѸɡϮվߴϵİû죬Դ΢ת˼룬Ȼһ¡
߼Ϯ֮ٶȾʹݣһ٣ȻοϮ˵Ϯ֮ͨ⣬ϲϲ
šϮӦһȻ춷ԣ泯춷Ե˵û°ɣ
춷εЦЦһػŮδֻ֧εˡ
šϮ˵ֽ꣬˹ȥ
Ȼ֪ģ֮ϣһƬę̈վһλ˼µŮӡŮӼҲֻǵЦЦ
һЦ˳ǣЦ˹
ǽ£Ǳӵ°ɣԶۣ಻ɡ
߽ŮӴŵ߳ӵ뻳Уĺõĺɫ͸㣬Ҳֵ޲þʹ˳ȥ


18 
˫ͫȻ崻ڴ˺һųŶ
춷ȼŵ˫ţüͷ¶ۼһ塣
ôЬˣЩãߵǰͬ˵
ոһΣһʱˡͣȥ춷ѵı飬ֻǴʵĿ飬ҡͨ𣿡
ģȻͨ˵ġ춷Ц崺硣
Цܲסһ죬Ϯأͨ𣿡
Ȼͨ˵ġ춷˵˵꽫е̷ľϣʥԺķΣҽϡԺƣǵʱϣʾ֤Ժˡ
˫ֽľ̽ӹָϸϸĦ·ϵİƣÿૡ
СʦÿҪһҿ춷˫ָ΢΢ɫķǳ㿴ŮǻǳЦ
á񲻽Եó񣬲ԾӦˡ
ſڵ㡣춷˵꣬עˡ
Ϯۣʮָܷܷ޳ָϵİɫӺƳһỨָḧɫ
֨ƿţԺеͩҶܣչͶ£Ӱ߲һƬ
ƾ棬վµŮӵǱķ΢΢һǣ˸
ǷʵʳͩܣȪķһ˲
ӯĲ߽εεػ¡
ʥԺţ춷ЦЦβϵϳ
ñ
˼룬˫û춷ѵ˵ʲôͱ۵׵Ц⽥Ũ顣
ʦʦ㡭ߺСղԺؼ
֪Ϊε˵仰ʱĪе߳ܣװʱ˺ʶûôɶģƫƫΪʲô⣬͸оһжζء
ţСʦá춷ЦӦһ
ֻܰͷţͬһֻСһӦѾ͸˰ɡ
ʦ㣡궥ͷɫͷҴҵܵԺ
Իлŵɫд档
ôˣʦܣ춷߽һɫʵ
Ƴʹ¥ĵӴˣ
ģ
ǰƬı̨ϣ
ȥ춷һӣһһѳ̱ǽ֮ϣӣէ֣һѳͣϿա
춷ѳ֡Լַ棬ֺֻƶյĺһ
Ҳ˼ôˣ춷Ǳϣ˾ôվš
춷վˣԳסҵѡ
ֽ춷ѵסɵסʱԸеǰ˶ӽӲ¡
춷Ҳû˵ʲôֻǿھһ⽣һ˲ɵ֮ߣĿɿڴ
ԭӰӾᵽʱ򣬸о
ٿ°ããһƬ亹һðס춷ѵЩ
ܵŮıϢһһйɵԼϣ춷ʶɫЩء
ʱҪǻˣѱϢµ˰ɡ춷Ҳ֪ΪΣʱҲֻǳ˷⣬Ҳûʲô˰ɡ
춷˿ҲŮˡ
ϣֹ¥ĵѾˣǶɣŮˣɣվϮ
վԶŸʥԺļλϻеʦ
춷Ѻǲ춷żλϺ͵ʦ΢΢˸ҾȻ߷ɣϮϡ
ǣ춷һֹ
Ǽϵʦû˵ǼɵɣݡǾֻܻŷŭıɣǱʹʹɫ
ɣϮǾܶˣ°˵ݣǵҲֻ˰ա
춷ѵָߵɣϮǰʵôˣ
ɣ˫ֻأһ˫ŨڵĽüޣм΢΢ͷת°ɨˣʥԺʥԺĴ󸣷֣أţȴӲȥ۸ӵˣ
ɣⷬ۾öҪˡ
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춷ͬɻתϮɫ¥ĵӿɶʲô
ϮվñֱʥԺķλϣҲ˵ɴԼįУƲҵʣǱҪҵҲϲǳ룬ûͬ⡣
Ϯ˵һͼʱͣˣվڶǼɫѿҲûгǱϮ˵ˡ
Ҫݣͱеһס֣ҾϽſƫҵĻҪ־þͱƿŵƳˣƳΪʰ⼸µĵӡ
Ϯ˵ƽ·˵ʲôƽС¡ɣȴͻȻ˻һһһǼϺ͵ʦι¿ԭίˣǿװ׵ܺˣ
ɣŸ죬˫ܲмط˸ȫ۰׵İۡ
ĵӸԴڵȴʲôǵĳͷǼϼ˳֪ɫ
ÿ˶ȥøɨҵ£¥ĵʦĬã¼ȥˣվָǣӶˣ
Ϯһƽ²ҵģ
ֵվϮԵɣⲻˣ߽һȵ⣿ʥԺĳͷӵƶҲ̫ˮ˰գҪɣҪǷֱӰˣȻš
ƳҪΣ¥ʦһ˫ͨ죬Ǻڳɫº˵úܡ
ӿͷĵһκһɣǧ꣬ĵڶκһɣ꣬ĵκһףɣ鸣
㣬һܲˣվɣ˵ؼĭֱֱɽ֮Զ
һ˲ˮңһսҪ㷢
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ˣ
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ˣС¶ѣͬšϮִɣϣ˵
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Ϯ
ͬţССֺΧ۵ȺҲĻ
صԺʱϮɣ
ҪǲʥԺԻɣǣҪҵʲôϮƽʵ
ɣưãղŸҿäŮ˵ӡ


19 
ţҿԺߵʥԺѧȻٺһɣǣҪӡ
ҵʲôأֻʲôӦıأѵΪ⼸ѧҾҪĸԸĽҵ𣿡
ŮȪʯӨ׺ÿָĦűյıأƶš
ΪڵԶųƵġԣҪңҲΪʲôɣǧҵԭڱ꣬ᡣ
⣿ǣ˵ĵɣ˵Ҫ˵Ҫɣǳ֮λǡ
Ϯɣһڽϣ˫ÿӴʱЩԲˣվĶںڵķӼͷΪʲôƫҪ˵ЩأǺú̸𣿡
㿴ӷӦӦ˵ġᡯ𣿡Ϯ˵꣬˿ڲ衣ţɣվš
ɣԣһŭĪײͷ˫ͫӾͱЩˣǿסԼҪ𣬿ɲͣǿ˳ƵŵϮ
ɣⱾһƢ𱬣ĺħŮȴҪȮһԼеİƢȥһͱССؼܲԼĺãһٶȥۡ
վɣҧ仰Ϯȴûһ²Ⱦɰĵ衣
վɣһ磬ֱӿǰľߵϮǰӸµʺĴֱߣеŭ˱磬Ҳס
ɣһֽϮϮһײɣ⻳Уɣ⽫ϮǲһյסϮأֻŮںͷͦСɵıǼ⡣
Ϯû˵ֻŴֵַĿɣ⻳УҲȦסԼ֫ɣ⽫Ϯţɣ⿴ϮʲôֱֻӴ³ָŮ°ͺݺ˫ε촽֪Ļ¡
ôĬ֡
Ϯ촽΢¶΢΢ıݣɣ۵һŻȼš
ɣս΢΢ͷ˿Ӽͷ£ϮϡϮǲ̱ͬһϣڴʱ˵΢ı顣
˫Ů΢΢ݳäŮִסŮ°ͶתΪ˸ɣһĹǳأǶСྡƣϮ˫£˿/ϢĻᡣ
ȻһӭŷƮ䡣Ϯһ½ǰǵ÷Ůƿ˴Ӵ֮һԵ˿
ϮĴˡ
ϮΧĵطˡ
׼ȷ˵ɣĴ֬档žһ͸
ɣԼĲ߷߶Ϯ˫նɢӣȴҪڵʱ򣬶סˡ
˫ӰǺÿĵһֻû顭ֻ޾İף͸Ļɫ
еҲֻǻɢ
ŮˣʥԺ飿ɣ뿪ʥԺԸԸɣǣ㱨̸꣬
Ϯ˵꣬ӿֳİɫϵİ˳УȻϵϣԼ˦ȥ
ɣһοϮϮһ²ģΪĲء
ʥԺҲգɣɲǸ˸ߣӲҪƤˣȥɣǳ𣿣
ҪٻоҪ٣
ϮʮŮĴҪЩ˺׶ˡ
ɣæջԼֹ뷨һ죬˼
ȻȥûϮӰ˸ոսԺ춷Ѷˡ
ɣܲмһЦŶ˵潫ԼٳԼǽżһ̤ȥ˫ֻأŵµĶˡ
ι˭ȥϮ˵һ˵̲ˣ˵̻ȥ帣ȥˣԺ˭ιȥΪľα˺ϮӣӶˣ
춷΢üͷʲô飿
û֣ȻȺûġ˲ӭңֺαغƤȥأ
ɣ˵꣬һڴзټһ˲ڿնһҪʣǾ޴ס˰죬ôͬվϵңŮ뿪ߡ
վϵɣ֮ߣӹϵУԺһ˲ȴؿԺǰվŵһϲŲİŮ
ɣ˼룬漴ؽͷתٿôسСˡ
׵ˣɢһһ
ϮתͷϮһվڲԶظոɣ˵Ƿ˰ա
ǲ˵ˣҶˡϮ˵꣬ǲ
ȥ춷ѵı飬ֻŴһصģǲǱЩʦϻȥ̸˻ӻôһͱⷬģ
߰ɣǽȥʡ춷˵꣬˱ЯͬһϮݡ
Ϯδţһţä۵ŮأԵĲˮŮ˱ǣˮĶЩȣ¹̵ĲˮôľϣȥȥյȴһСĽյƬ׵ļȾԶϼĺɫ
ȥϮеĲյ


20 
ͲҪЩΣյĶû˵
ϮһۺϮ֡ԼóһСƿȻСƿҩҺͿĨϮϵǿطϡ
ʳָϸϸϮĦţǲŰ˲룬ҩδɢأϮ͸մʲôɾĶһæֳ
Ȼ󻹵棬ȹϲ˺ü¡
Ĺ㣬ôЩ˵ͷĺľͱ˸¿ηˣ
ⲻЦ
ģǲ˼ҲδʲôֻǵĲϲӴˡ
ôԵһŮȴƢҲֻɣܵ˰գԣھɣҲܲˣظȥˡ
һ˸ô죿ֲǻʹûרūͣɣҲˣѵҪ񷽲һȿڲ趼Լ𣿡
òģзִ磬֪Щ¸Щ²Ϯص˵ģ˿档
Ϯ춷վſ份һ
˵գ춷ѱ߽Уţ˶˫˫Ϯ
춷ĿͶϮϣüͷ΢ֹģ֪ģͷЩζ
ϲüչģϲǳЦ
Ϯ֮䡭춷˵һ㱻Ϯʱϡ
ԼҪߵġ
Ϯ˵䣬ĿȫȻϮ˫ϣ촽ʱЩ΢ף·һȦɫĺۼǱ˱һ
Ȼɣ߳ʱͿĨǴɫĿ֬ûˡ
ɣⳤ౾͸ԴŨױһ˳ǼɣƽʱĨĿ֬Ҳֳ˺ѳɫ
ǸոɣʱǴϵĿ֬ûˣǴɫͱҪ࣬һͿó
Īǡ
һµ뷨
ȥϮ˴ҪЩ⣬Ķƽʱûʲô
ٽĿ˳ȥȥѣǱƽʱ࣬رڴϵᴦ
Ѳɡĸһ˿ĭ׼ȥͬ춷˽һ£ϾʥԺɲС¡
߰ɣҲΪ鷳ġϮ˵꣬ȥ
ֹȥ˻
ȻϮǶҲٺƤȥˣٶ˵˼ػĻ뿪ˣ˳㽫ΪϮˡ
ʦ㡭
·춷ѵ䣬Сػ
춷ͣ½Ų㡰ڡۺﲨɫ˵ôˣ
㱻۲˽ȥڵĻôͣߡ
ûûʲôʣʥԺ飬ǻĴأ
춷ûϵ⣬˼룬ׯصµ򵥵֣ɹǣط
СʦмǣʥԺǴɡмɣмɡ
ҡ춷˫΢ӵӣʲôҲ˵ˡ춷˰ա
ʵϮʵġ
֮ôּĬ˼롣
Ψзм䴩ʹûôΡ
ˣ˺˵һ¡춷ͻȻڡ
ţ񷢳һ
ۿԱȼʼȴδͨѧĿγҲ࣬Ҿͻ㵽ͷȥϵȻݽҪĻϴãһǱˣǾԱȴ֮ǰϻ
𣿡ʶʳһ䡣
춷һۣԣֻҶˡ

ҹУ춷ͬһϡҡҷ֦Ҳ紵ɳɳ졣
ɶʰˣ춷ѱڴϵģͻȻʵ
š
ҹϢһǱĪҪΪûξ˴ȵͶ
Ů˵ͣͺַŵͷ˵һ
ڰûʲôǵֻжദҹУÿһ仰ôıζǸ˵Ŀ϶̲סˡ
ҺŮġ
ڻƵӳ춷ϣĨȥԭе°Ⱦ˼͡İ۱ȥֻһ㱡/׳ǧ˿Ҳȫк¡
˵ⷬʱ͸ż
ȥˣʺıһֱߣ˫ü΢΢дࣺͷ̧ظһҸոն˵Ƿ
֪ո춷˵ʲôȫǰɫ˻ȥˣ֧֧Ҳ֧ʲô
춷ѼһȫȻ֪ģЩƣСʦôպ˿θô졣
춷ѱȰʦãʲô鶼ҪרģһĶãܳɾ͸ˡʥԺĵӶ㣬ʲô鶼ѣʥԺвˡ
֪ˣʦ㣬Ҵ
εεģ춷ˣǱû§סĲӣ˶춷ѵĻС
ܵŮʪıϢһһ//춷ѺɵЩͼֽǰŮƿֱ۽˻ýġ
ͬϲһ㡣
֪ˣ춷ֻĿԡ
ʦͬ˵ʱ򲻸òҲӦʱʱΡҶʥԺӵ㲻ʦŵ¡
ţ׾ͺãĪҪٷˡ춷Ѽ˴Ҳ񷽲ǰӲˣЩο
ٴνԼ춷ѵЩŮˬ㡣
ʹֳʧߵˣ֪ľô˯ȥһҹκߡ̰㣬̰ӺůĻ
һ㲻ˣҲʧȥõġߡҩҺãӵС˵
²ԾؾҸб
Ϊʵ۾
춷ѼèһŮ۾ǻģüͷ壬г˲⡣һҪ˯ȥģûý˴ѡ
ֻԼ˳һơ
ȼ𱻴䳹һƬڰ֮С
ҹˮ¹һƬɭȻľ¶ʯˮĵ䣬ֲ߲ڵı渲һ̦
˵ҹǳǳĺڵŮԭϵ˫񽫷ڽϵó˵ϡ
ٽ¹ȥʵ˯գƻãǴ¹µ֮񣬲£档
üĿһŰɫԾ˿ĭæԼƿôôÿˣ
ԵŮòҲûΪСҪļ
ҹɫ֮¶һó˵ǳЦ¹˯ȥ


21 
ʱг͵չ˵ϣԿϵСë춷ѽë˲£˫
ǲɫͫչԵøǳͬһĴ˶ˣĶһѣ
춷ѽͷתôֳԴǻЦ
աѲáƻգȥ۾
ţǵ¾̡
á
˵꣬춷Ѿˡ
ֻŮӰ׾ָ½ǵˣ°£´ӼϻŸıǰŮڷɢ֬һ㣬ơ
ƽʱʥ಻µӾôִӼͷ䡣˿£ιסƬ⣬ֻõϵڼͷϵĲ
ǴֱŸ˲㡣ֻŮӶŵؽϵĿӳ£ָӳȥ
һж߹ţˮ
񿴵۷ֱʥŮô·ˣѵͲһܲ˾ͰӲϹˣ
ٴԼǸŮģǸ˵ĻͰ춷ʱʱС裬Ĩɾˡ
ŮĻǺأԼûĸɱСѿһ˸ۣʾ
ʦãĻ齣춷Ѵ·ͻȻת
춷ǧ˿ȫһͷˬ䣬Ӣˡ鷢¡
ءֱƿĿ
һ춷Ͷȥ춷ѱȻתȥȫ±ֵĶǣҲŲ
æѻãȻŮӵļ磬٣ʰˣǳɡ
춷תšһ
Ҫȥԡ
춷Ѻվһϣ춷˵
ôԣ̽ԵĿʡ
С˵ַ⣬ȻʲôɫͶӦʲôԵҫ۹âְɣһϲŮһ㶼ûйġ
ֻҪַ⣬ȻʲôɫͶӦʲôԵҫ۹âͿɡ
춷£Цһ½ϣȻǸܽľȫء
Ǻǣᡣ
ǰ춷ѲߣĿ⡣
֪Ϊ춷ѳ̫ÿˣΪʲôġ
Ϊʲôô˻Ҫ
ֱһͯȫУ֪ԭЩĿ඼ǻź֮ġ
ϾǸЩĺͯ׼ģյԭļУСҲԹҲǰһǸϲġ
ʵʵûκ𣬿νڸǰĳ˸ࡣ
֮׳˸һķϲġ
һȦǰǰҲǼҳڴ߰꺢ͯģģҲڶԶء
߰ɡ춷ɫᣬҪˮǵǰɡ
š񵭵Ӧ춷һ
ĵһ㣬տյĴˮʯ̳ɵĵذ嵹ӳһŹڵϵҹ顣
ʶ𣬿еͼڿ֪ķֱǡ ľ ˮ  ֣ҲС˵ġ
ַǰǸΪϸСϣֱͼڵϡ
ǰ춷˵ķַȥۣƿ˿˿Ƶߴ壬ҲֻΧһȦδʧˡ
ۣǰСûκٿСǰĴӣͬҲʱûʲô
⡭һε֤Ǹʵʵûķϲ
ԭ춷ֻΪֻǵסڿǸûеĿտӡ
תͷȥŮӵ飬峺ӰĿֱֱ
춷ѵ˫ͫȥһһ飬ÿζãӱܡҲδúԸݣȥȥеĺǺӡ
춷п˷ƣһ˿ɸֵʧĪһɿֻţСߵ춷ǰֻţʦ㡭
춷û˵ôλɷǵɾء
߰ɡ
춷˵꣬תֻӰ
񲻸ȥģ춷Ѵԭ·أҲȥˡֻįĸ춷
Ůӽٳⷺŵ⣬߲һءŮվǽϣ߸ϣȴġ

ͷζӳ¡ȻԼϡ춷ѽҲǰǰ㻷춷ѵ֫
Ǽɢŵ㣬ǿչʢ㣬۾Щƣ˵ʦ㣬ǲǾҺûã˵һ㣬Ǹϲġ
ŮϢԼ䣬춷ѶЩ΢죬Ƶᣬ治ɫػصǣȻûǿܡҲҪǷܽܵġ
ҪȥأԶɽۣʡ
ŴȥеģȻûǾֻȥһλĺˡ
ںηأ
ɣǣûҽҽʦ˳ơɱ֡춷һһΪš
ɣǣɣڵĵط
ţɣֱ̬ĹǣֻҹʱֲŻ֣ͬɣڳŽ֣ҪɣⲱϵʱǡǻէǾôк¶һʧˡǺҲΪⷽѡ񶨾ɣǵġ

˵ɣӣҹлаٹҹС
ҹɫŨĻžĽֵ˵ÿ϶һߣԼƵģŲޡ
ʱɣǣţɱ
ɫĳŸƣȫһƬɱ֮Ϣ춷ѽͣڳſڣȻɽС
˲ߵſڣֻ춷ѰѺɫƳָſŵĹǿ˳š
տžÿ£ֻɢɢļ鸡Ĳš
Ȼͬ춷˵һ㣬ɭɭģ̤ǣоͲûˡ
̤ʯɵʯһһš߳ϣϢϣʪʪģȴûз硣
Ծ춷ѽЩϵûôٹŹĽš
վڳ̨ϣ϶µţǰڰΪָ·ĵ̵Ĺ⣬̹ϣǺɫӶȾ˲ī̡ͫ׵ҡҷĵ֮
ʦ㣬ɣŮסأ
ǳᵽǵϢȻͻ֪ˣҵѣźá
춷˵꣬˳ĿԶȥ
ٿأһϴɫ̺۵ĹȻǰŴۡһУǵļžڰյͷˡ


22 
춷, ˵ҪʦôôС
͵͵۾¶ֻһŮˣ˸, ໹ŵ̵Ƥ, Ƥ޵ıǽͼͼС, ҲǻһΪɱĴ, ƺרġ
ȻŮ, ģ͸߻ǿԼϬǹ
ͬ˵λ, ˮͩ춷Ѽԣ͵Ц崺硣
, СʦáǰŮ͸ɱϢʱȴЦеЦ, еЩѹֺˡ
Сءš, ǸɪɪĶ춷, ʵ˾Сȡ
, , 㲻Ū, λһޱɡ
ڻޱ;У·ϲ񷽲ǰˣ˶һʱƻɺ, ͷһ, ˵˫ۡ
ŨīҹĻ˲ʣɫ˴ڴ, ģֻ첽̤šҪѹ˵ĽȸУие£µľûͬرոûһ
ϰ̫ôţȴһҲûУʵʵڵĺˡ
ǰİ£һҲ˲١
ͬһˮͩ˵νޱ
ޱϿգеεɫ΢ǼһƾС¥¥ľʵģѹѹģͷѾܾˣɿģҪһҪ̮һ¥ΧлɫƾɵĲϲƣɨۣ㽫ޱξ۵ףȻƾɣʵ
ƾɸ¥ӳŽҹĻټ⼸¥ܵķΧȾǿҡ
ˮͩ¥ܸȤģû٩һ䣬۾ֱˣ
عĹ棬Ӧٶ۵ص˵ͷˮͩ״һЦЦȻǿġ
ˮͩҲٵ٩ˣֻ˾Ϊǿ˸ţһŵŨŨҩζǺܿŵ֣ɬϢУ·˿ɬġ
߽ϰټӰܶ࣬лмҲɹ˵Ĳҩޱֻһˡ
춷ѲҰƤëƳɵĵϣˮͩǶ棬֮һľľϵûеоĵơǻɢ̵Ĺâ
ϣΪ衣
ˮͩƾɵһ
˳ȥ
ֻƾɵĲһ˫õһ绨ĵŮӳŮϻḷ̌ϷȲ裬ϰɫơ
Ůθںڵķ˸βɫĳһһǰԼվһԡ
Ŷ˽ܣǰøյͽ
ˮͩĶ˳ٳٲϺȲ裬ģܡ
˵ͽ𣿡춷ѵ裬һ䣬ˮͩûˣһѵš
ԵˣôҲˣˮͩЦЦȤ
⵽ˣ̸Ѿһˡ춷ƮƮ˵ⷬԵͻȻһҪڵĲˮôڴǰͣסˡ
ʲôһͽ
ˮͩĿɿӹ⡣
ʦôͽأոͽãֹˮͩ˵ű߽Ů/š
衪յͽԣô棬ô档
춷ˮͩģˮͩôòͱ٬ˣ˿Ĺݶ
ʦñͽãʦҲֹ춷˵ⷬʱһ繣ƻá
ⷬһʱ˫ٿһ¾ͺˣ춷ҫôᣬǴеĳ磬Ǵ¶ǳЦ
ˣֻԼһŲȽ˾̳һͿĶƮ
㰡㰡ˮͩ춷ѺЦЦ仰ȴǶ춷˵ġ
ΪֻλŻѪֱΪʥԺһŵĴʦ㣬ǺεȵĹǺεȵĹ¶
һ˱νʢԸֶλŹĹĶǡ
˵ⷬʱ͵ǳЦˮͩŸܵЦĺ塣
춷ЦһζԶºͣǼдûκθɫʵ⡣յĨ΢ЦЦ˵ЦǱĻ⵭΢Цͬůһ
ʹݵ˳ޣһˡ
ˮͩջĿ⣬еĺ塣
˷ңΪ˸λСʦ޸ģˮͩʼ⡣
춷ҲЩɵĻ˵ͷ
춷ֶ˶٣Ȼ˵޸²һ
ˮͩŻȻ¶Ծ֮ɫûѹǰûܵϴ۵
Խ˵ˮͩС˺ܶ࣬Ǳ
ôһݵļĬ
ˮͩͻȻİɫصسԷԸϣȥ׻ȡ
Ů뿪ˮͩԼ䵹һһ֮ҡ£ӳ⣬ԼŤģĹ档
ȻѾûʲôԭˣŸԶʱµݱһֱûáݱ֮ٵĺþͺľԼһͷųľϵǿġǺͬݣҲΪʲôһֱԭĻҪܲݵˡǻǿǿǰɡ
ݱ£⣬֮ǰĺУǸֻ
춷Ѷӣ˵Ҫǿ㡣
֣صص˵ͷԡ
ȰȥȥŰɣҺϣ׼׼
ˮͩŰϸϸţһĥӡ
ԣŲء
춷ѵȥѣȻ춷ѺȻؽѽôֱϡ
صģˮͩҽǺܸġ춷ļͷһº͡
Բˮͩ⻰˳춷ѵĻ˵ȥⲻϻҵҽɣǿһģֻҪҸ˵ڶû˸˵һ
ˮͩ˵ⷬʱƿˣϣϵıȻǶ˶٣Ȼָֻģ
ⱻԹ΢ıǡþͱ׽ˣûϸ۲λһֱĬĬŮء
װĵͣƬ̡ϣžţƤõİ˳ɾˮͩ˵Ļ˰ա
ʦþŮơϸû֪˵ЩʲôֻǴ΢΢˷
Һļ˶䶼ϺãûҲǡҲ֪ΪΣԴдⲿС˵кĶͱִࡣ
λͽܱȽˮͩΪϣһȻִϣϵһ룬ৡһ£ͽһ֮ţƤ˳ųչ
ٸ£˲ɫë


23 
Щ, ͷƤˣһ뵽Щ뼴ԼһӶء
Ī¡춷Ѽɪɪ, οšһٿ, ǽĿתˮͩϣϡ
ֻˮֲ֪ͩһɫ, ׹ؾ, Ȼһ, нӡ
СʦȽűǡڴˮͩ
, ʶ̧ͷԵŮ, 춷ѵĶӺ󣬲ǰӣ첽ȥ
˵ڵҩζŨЩߺܰˮͩϵǹںڰĳ
̫ڰ裬ֻõԶվŸˣˮͩһӣͷϵŴ촹
һεľˮͩľϵİɫƿʹ˸ɫϢ, ɫصߵ, Ȼ¡
ϵĵƹ̵۾Щ, ֮󣬻޷Ǵ۵ĵƹ⡣
۾ϡͷϴˮͩ
۱ϡ
ĲҪˮͩŮ, һ䡣
, Զһ¡ˮͩȻǲ, ڹµĴǷܵع˹ϵϳҿԿòеҰ
ˮͩĻﴫϣʹ˶˼Īľţĵײŵʲô±ܶĹҽһۿˡ
춷ѻһʵģأ춷Ѳڣ¶ʵˣ
ǿװ򶨵ûУҽˡ
ǺǡˮּͩΪܵЦ
Ȼ͸оһ˲ʲôסƵģôؿԼѨ

ʱȻ֪˶ˣֻ۱ǰȻŴݣ͵һ
ڵҩϢǺŨһ¯µ޸ȼĻʵұˡ
춷ѵĲôȻطǰɢµ˿ס˰գֻʵС
ǷſյģʲôҲ룬ôؿǰˡ
֨һ죬ľűƿ
ˮͩḷ̌⿴һۣ㽫ֱͣмеҩ¯ȥ
ˮͩ΢΢¯ϵĸȻԼһӣ¯׵ˡ
˾Ͱҩˣҹˣ͵˯һᡣˮͩҩ֭ľõϣûпԹԵ˵
ȥҩֿ˿ʧΪ֮ݵա
ȳȥɣҪϢ˵գҲҩ಻ˣһֶ΢ͷȻľϣľתͷˮͩ
ʾԼһȥ
ˮͩǹµüζҲûܾá
˵գһš
ڳŲְ·˻С춷ѽں˲ֳȥġ
ޱ·ϣе΢
óˮͩԴһΪˮͩϢĸоͺñһŹ˴ɽصİƣѹǹҩζҲĪܽܡ
ֳƵϢ־塣
뵽ˮͩ˶ξ롣
ʱ
ͻȻһִǰԴ
ʦ
ͬʱǷȥ
ֻǳµŮڲԶһС¡
ˮͩޱһ˲תΪǳЦ
ϣ˹
ֻϣԶʱϬݶת˿⳼˳
һϸ΢Ķ۵ס
ŮճʱͲϵĹ죬ʼΪԼĴǼʲôΪ֪ټһϸ΢ĶӵĿˡ
ջԼĿ⣬Ƶᣬװ𷽡
ôˣúϢӻδȫȬͲҪܡˮͩŵ˵
ǹסȫֻ¶ֻ۾񿴲ʱˮͩϵɫ
ǿͨԴλСͽǺõġ͸춷ѶԴһ
ȻȥҺλһ˱ˮͩϣļ磬Ȼתͷ
߰ɣȥ¥ġˮָֻͩǸģ
ȫСͽ˵ðɣ
ͷȻˮͩһ𴩹ԣϸǸһŵİ¥ˮͩһ¥ϯ
мһɫľˮͩӻͳ˱ƾɵƤ
ƤӸм׳˵ƤС
Ƥ̯˿
ɫ̿ġһұ׵Ļ䡣
Ļ֦ïܣỤ̃Ҷ֮Լ򷱡ǧ꣬ذĻɫ׶㣬ϵ֦Ҳ̣Ƹ˶롣
ݱ𣿡Щŵ˵ૡ
ˮͩӦһ
͸ıζ
Ȼˮͩһּ˵Ҹֲݱϵݱʱҷ徹ȻȫݱµϰԡһҲޱ˳˳һΪǧǰݱ»Ϊġ
ˮͩ˵ⷬʱû˵ˡƹĥⷬԭ
ҽ˵ʲôǴµٴ̧һ˫ͫҹкϵһˮ¡
ʱ¥֣ôڽһŵܹϣ̣Ȫˮˡ
ˮͩĬƬ̣ǹⲻ˵ġ
һ˫ֱֱ·ҪϵĹȻλֵĹҽȴЦˡ

ЦģҹʱеĹЦҪˡһ𣬼Ƥˡ
ӦɣˮͩĦľһͻȻͣ£ֱֱӭĿ⡣
˿ĭСء±ˮͩʲô߶ˡ漴شֻˮͩ˵
Ҳ㲢Ǻڱġԭȵ˵ݱһҲľϵġΪʲôݱ»ȫϵԭ򡣵ȻҲųشڡ
ԣԭһŵ˵أΪˮͩĿʲôˡνΪʲôȫݱ»ϣ˳Ϊȼ춷һȥκʱĺУݱ²ԭ
Ҳνݱ»ҲС˵Ůһָˣպݱ»Ҳ϶ᷢõġ
ľϵÿƣȻպ춷ѧһ㣬ȻȫǿƲסӲǸϲġ˵춷ˮľ˫ءҲضйľϵȷʽҾͲˡϾʦãֲҵġ
ˮͩһ΢е𾪣벻ⲿС˵ŮȻ˫ޡ


24 
, ˭ԼԭǸϲġأڹС˵СϲġŮӦñšŮѹ
źۼ̾˿

ͷ꣬ˮͩͬŰѵɡ, һ, ˭Ҳ˵, ôš
ȵԭϢ¥ǰͣ, ˮͩ, ˵͵ɣҽˡ
ް, Ҳȥ춷û
Ƕ˾ôɡȥ
εδˮȾ˼꽭ϵķΧǵڷ, ֳԴǲǵĵ˫ȴȻķ
ʦ㡣
춷˫Ӿô, ӿ, ϸСõػһ
տ굶ú, ˮͩȥϹʲô, ˵, ͷ, Ҫܵô죿
춷ޱ飬ôŶһߴ
΢΢Դ춷˵Ļϣ߷ʱʱĺ촽ϡ
춷˵, ڶǴ, ҺԾػ¡
춷ѼԼСʦһ޳պģԾüͷ
Ŀ, ˺ӵλմСʦǷӦԼڿˡ
ʦ㣬̫ˡҲܴŵϢԲŽˮͩһϳȥġչȥ춷ѽ˺ܶࡣ
춷ϵֳԴվ΢΢׿Ŀôڰн㡣
ĬƬ̣춷ѲƿĿ⣬˷ӣվ
߰Դվʱ΢ͷӣתΪƽӣ΢ζĸӡ
GGGڸʲôأǵǿأˮͩɡ֮䴩˸
춷ŵһЦһղղˡ
̸䣬걾ŵģҲ֪Ļͣˡ
ɫȴڼɫʱ˶٣ɻôϵģ
˭֪ˮͩţϱһǱͺ˵Ĺı
ֻˮͩɡһӣתɫ죬˫ֽӡһ̹ǽȻǰ߶ɫҷһʱ
ˮͩ˵Ѫüǵãҿȥǹ磡
ˮͩʩ˷ޱŴһʱȫУϯض
ͷƽɣǸˣԼΧһȦһȦˣŵůͣȦߡߣԵһ
ÿ˵ϣ˼ĨܰһһǺģǰⷬȴƻá
ϣΪˮͩһϥڵϣҪȥˮͩϵĹʱȴԥˣһ˫ÿϸ־ôŽͣ˰ա
ˮۣͩܵǰŮǲϳٳٶ֣Ƶ˫Ѫӣɫ͸һ˿ƣ˵˾䣺ժɡ
ϣǾôߵıؽµһ
һªѪһΡ
һȹҪªһǵظɳҪǡ
˫ëѻǷܵĽëͶ£۵׶Ⱦ˲Ӱ͵⣬βģѺͫȻ͸ŵɫڣҲ䣬ͬһ龭ϸĥĺʯɺҫʯȴдŵʡ
ǱȰۻĺ̾ôӳϣ˼ˣԼƤ͸ŵͬϸɫͺɫ̺۽ӳϣһֻªĹһ
ϣͫ΢΢һǹµĲ״㱣֪Щʲô
Ǳǰһ˵ģҵͬʱҲɱˡ֪ģҾǸһ糥һĶˡ
ˮͩ˵˶٣񲻽Ŀȥȴмдŵį˾
Ǹˣ˭
˭ܽҽôĹҽˮͩ˳
˽ǲͬʱϣָסˮͩѪ˸ɾڱĿСˮͩͻȻ˫ۣס֣ŵϣеĽ˵ϡ
ŮЩʧıˮͩԾ˿ĭˮͩĿƿȻżһԵĹ´ȥ
ſϣԼסǹ⣬ΪԼŵǷٶͣ
磬ɣǳɣɣаһ硣һһȣֻҪǵĶ硣
ɣ⣿ʶѿڶ
ţôʶˮͩ˵ͷ
emmһѰɣɣÿٰʲôأ
޷ǾһˣɣҲҵңҪЭųƣǶ֪ģΪҸǸ˴һܺòˣҲܵ˷ɣڶжǶŵġ
ˮͩ˵ƵᣬҲûиոճΪ˵ʱĳˡϣһɫġ
ϣƿĿ⣬ֻǹŷˮͩ˵Ƿʵųƣʲô
ֻһֻڰǰʧ˵ĵưˡֲڵĶȴΪڡǺǡ춷һˣдЩ
ˮͩԣΪ͵ؿ춷һۣĵ˾䣬ʶ㡣
춷ֻ΢ǣЦ
ءһڵʵʵŴৡһײ
һĿźҹ֮Ҫв죡
춷Ѻˮͩ˫˫Լٻ˸Եϣǰ
춷ѵڱ΢΢Ƴ⣬ֻѹѹһƬ¹Ǳϣܵĺ⡣
ǵĽŶδŵأߵģ¶ۼšü
ͷλǳ롪ͬеڰеԵľˡ

ڱɣѺ͵·ϣһ·ͷڵģҾȻƣ֪춷ѱ˶١ڡ
ÿײ춷ѵʱ䶼ܸܵԷӽӲ£Ҳ߯ˣ
ɣǵĳǼ˵⣬ˮϵģһˮ¥Ȼеͷβϵָι״ĿªҲкÿģ׻˵ĺãԽƯԽǡ
ֻǼ򵥵һۣ㼰ʱջĿ⡣
ϵǣ¥ҵƻͨһƬѪ죬¥ͬһڻȼյƷ
¥۴αȣСС߸߰Ƕһ¥ǰ̨ͤڵİٻţǴһشصĻ䣬ǾҶǻ궼͸͡
Ⱦٻ͸ĵƹ⣬ȻĻԵӺݻұ
ǱŽ˳ǱϿˣԴöûҵɣˡ
ҹ𨣬Ĳ֪ˮžӨĹ⻪ؼ䣬һƬž
ֻһŮ˻ӿ£ĳȹڿųһ仨㣬Χķĵ¶ʱɢרаĺɫϢ
Ůĵĺ촽΢΢еӳⳡʢķ֡


25 
ӭۺ˷, ಻ϣ簶ߵƽ˻
λؿɣ, ׷˶С
漴, ˷Ư, Ǻᴩͬʱ
ɣ⽫һ󰵺쳤ȹһ, λĻƽ, Ǳɢ˵ĳȹһ˲ͺñȫĴĵӺݻ
΢, ĿǳŵµɨһȦ漴ͣǼ֣Ȼֲźۼƿ, ƮƮġ
ᵽ񶼻ɣɣ˵׿ûУ
񷢴ʱ򣬺Ȼһ˫˳ָײߡ
ֻ춷޳ָмһۻƬ
ʶ̧ͷȥ˫ֵ, ȴ˫תӸ
춷ɰȻ, ²Ⱦ, ȴʱȴǵǳЦ, 䡣
һ, С˵ллȻͷ춷ѸеƬͽ, ֻ۵Ƭϸ΢֭ˮζһ±̼¶˱޵ɫ
춷Ѽ⸱飬ǱЦȤ
ƳдʢõﶼЩɽ亣ζ, ˵϶ǷëǵġҪԵĻͳԱһ, ĪҪ˷Ƴѵһζ
ԭΪ˶ࡰӡɣⰡ񾭹춷һʱ粦еĻȻʡ
ֻɣҰ߷Ƿ֮УͷʥԺλɾ, ɻã
ɣⲻʲôطһġ
һʱĿϡ
춷վ䣬˸ҾȻǼõģⲻСʦѰҽ˾ҽ
ɣԣȴǺȻһЦЦ
ɣɣǵĳɣһܴרԼǷϢ롣
֪춷һ˵ʱ򣬻ЩˣΪϮҲأȴջϲһˡ
ĲϮĶЩʥԺġαӡһȺûʵУֻαװԼѪ
ɣ뵽ⲻмع˹ǣ˽ף˿еƣ֣ӿı令໨Ŷ롣
ʱ򣬽µӳòᱡɼؼνţؾվһţǵ״
ˣ˶ԹԵԼ£ֻǼûⷬһ㡣
ֻɣԼǰľϵһֻľʳơ
žһ¡
׼ȷһӵϡ
ӹ˳ؼϵľƣŲߵɣԣ¡ֻɣ촽΢һ˫ĵŲĹʡ
Ө׵ָӵ°ͣôĿ֮ȥ
񣺣
һﲻٿôݱһˣ
ڵۣλϵɣۣѵˮһǣ󣬻Ȼ
˫ɱмЦз̣˿ڡ
춷ѶʶԷ춷ŴͬŴȴ춷Ѵϵġ
ϸ贫ϣʦ㶯һƬڣɣ⻽һҲûʲô˴۾¡
ڱΪ硱ⳡڽӽβˣθɫ׷뿪ɣȴǻ˽춷
춷ֻˮͩϣߣԼ
Ƴ춷֡
ɣЦɣҲǰ㱨һ֪ĻΪĳ뿪ʥԺͷء
ƳһʥԺԺ࣬һߣϮһ˲֪زܵӵ۸ءƳѵľͲʥԺ𣿡
ɣ£漴ַȥֵǸӣǰѾ˵ˣϮӣӶȥ
ɣƽȣ޲һ˫õôǰĶˡ
Ϯ˵㡣춷ѵص
һԵ񣺣
Ϯʲôʱ˵ô֪춷ѾҪڽʥԺҲôϮ衢Ѱɡ
ɣϵıתΪţһʱû˵һ֣
Ϯ˵ˣʥԺ춷Լõ˵һ顣
ɣԣγһ㣬ǴǲԾع˹üڇNɪ
ôòֶʥԺȻһԺ֮ҡȻǳĳĿҾʹ󷢴ȱشӦǡиɣ⻰˵˶١
춷Ѹɫʾ˵ȥ
ҪʥԺҩϵһζҩ
ԡ춷ѺԥشӦˡ
ôѾ˼ҪɣȥɲֹǵΪϮ
ºԱȴᣬʥԺСɣ޷ǸЧģڣʥԺһǣѹԷһͷ
ңɣʥԺôãҲʥԺˡ
ʱ򻹿ʥԺӵݲֱһٶڡ
Ҳ춷ѳʱʥԺĶϸ˵ġʦ춷Ҳò⳶Խɣƭȥˡ
춷ĬĬΪɣ̾˿

ɣ̸һЩֽ˷˻ȥ
춷һڻޱ·ϣžֻѥ̤ذ
ޱ߼ʵĺڰߵܵǰһԼƬ̺ⳤ棬׵ĹӳǰŮӵգѩΪ֮ڡ
ԭ춷Ѵбóһҹ飬Ůͣ½ŲתŵĲҹ飬̯ġ
ӹ΢Եġ
֪ºڣõġ
ºڡʶһ䣬˭֪ǡñǰŮȥ
֪ԼӣҪǵ˳Ҳע⣬ںҹнȥǿô죿
ķ紵ǰŮӵ˿Ʒ˿ƮݾͬʱҲϵӿС
춷͵һһ˲ѿǵζǱˮռĹ̡
أ񰵰еһ䡣춷÷ҪˣӴϲ·
˵õ顱أ
춷һʥԺʱ򣬵ѾúˡҪľڸ顣
ͺñһα⣬ֻнмӹİſƭ˵۾ԴﵽƭΪĶ塣
񲻽ĬĬΪԼ¸Ŀ꣬һܶŮʲôֵֹ뷨ŮôãôֻҪԼֱͲᱻ䣡
뵽ⲻԾءߡһ
Ȼ춷Ѹҹǰڵ;


26 
صޱ, Ѿˡ˫һ̯һɣֱɴ˯˹ȥ
ȥϴ, Ȼ˯춷ɫ, Ա˵
춷ѵ, Ÿоָ˵㾫
ǻǺƣ
, ֻƣϴ˸, ȻһԵسȥ춷ߣɫ, īڼϣϻеţζ
ԾǸ˴գҲ֪ô, Ȼʹػס춷ǲһյϸ
춷ѵԽӲ£ȥŮķңȴ⿴Ů½ɿ΢΢¶ѩ׼
Ůʱӽ, Ũܡƽ, С˵, ˯Ӥ, ۼ˰ա
춷ѲԾع˹, ͬһĸװָɢ䵽ϵķ˿ȥ, ȻԼӡ

ڶ峿춷Ѻһ˳ȥɣ⣬ԼһʥԺ
ɣʱ󻹸źܶ䣬Щһɣİⳡ, ƴĸһ
񲻽˳ǡ
߰, ء
ɣվϣ˫ֲŶµĲм
춷Ѻһ, ȻɣֻŵС
ǵʱʥԺѱµˮйͨųİ׶˲һ㶣ǲطˣ
ǴԾ£ֻ½½˵ǣ̤ɫƲʴ˷һھ
ɣһۣͬ˶Էеɻ
춷Ѽ״ǳǳһЦԺĽ͵һһȵԱȴἴ٣ЩǰɵĵӣԱȴ֮ǰסʥԺġ
Աȴ᣿ôԱȷɣб۾ʵ
ǺǣƳպ֪ˡ춷Էܵ˵꣬˾һԺȥˡ
żղأԺſھͼɪˣɢҶֻһʱžʱԴ죬˵
ԺڵŮ촽˫ֳī˿ƴָ죬ֱֱкŮϸŵİƮݣƵᣬרĵŷòδ˵ĵ
ɣľ׮һԭأĿһֱͣԺŮϵġ
ڴˣŮʱڿˣתǡ
ɣǣɣҲɣǵһЦ˦֮ݲȵŲӵǰ
Ϯʱ˶٣û˵ֽת˹ȥŸ˭Ƿ˰Ƶġ
ɣ촽һֱߣ䣬һģôӸˣ⸱Ӹӿ
Ա߿ŶҪļƣ亹ˡ
Ҫǵ»ԱҴ˸ô죿
Ϯȴû˿ҪҴԵļվԭأ治ɫ²Ⱦñһɾһûһ䣬ôȻȥˡ
ֻɣ춷վԭء
ɣ߬ȭͷҲĨٻӰʧ߲ɿҲû춷Ѻ˵ʲôŸͻȥˡ
˿ĭµ춷һۣ춷ѸܵߵĴ΢΢ͷݸһЦ
߰ɣȥ鷿Ϊʺ顣춷󿪿ڡҲû˵ʲôô춷Ѻν鷿
һƿžī㡣
춷һ̤˴ţȻͿʼΪŰıͷƤ顣
ô飬ĥ
˺һ춷ѲŴ߳ѵľϵȫһ飬Ȼѡеϡ
ǽĶľϵڹͺͶ壬Լг˵ԣҲݱڡȴ°ǹһ飬Ȼѧġ
ǳ˳飬Ȼ춷һӲļЦ
õʦ㣬һȥͰǿһ顣
ˣ鷿ɣ㣬ЧҲ߳ࡣ
ڣʶһ䡣
춷ȴһɵӵûشǺЦ·˵أ
£һָ춷򾲾ԣһ
īڱǼ䣬ű߻سϾ紵֦ɳɳžб޷Ŵ
ˣС˵ԭ־͸ϲ̫ǡ桰֡һȫȦȦ棬Ȼʶվִļͬ򵥵ļķࡣ
úÿĪҪѡȻһ䣬˸
ʦ㡭ЩʵҶġܲѽʵ
ԡ
춷ɨûɨһۣʮֲؾܾˡ
˵գ춷ѱӨ׵ָ׿˿ǰ
ĪҪЩģúÿ飬ôҳû˵ʲôȥˡ
˵仰ôеһʶʶĸоԭ˵һֲ
ǺǣԭԽҲӲʦ߶ޡ
һȼɫ֮ʱ춷ѲŷĶʱ䵽˽
ظس˸һ춷ѵϵϳĸǷ
;ˣ춷ѼŮֻСèһЦȤ
Ȼ۵ġһ綼û˵ЩȥˣʱЩ˻ơ
ʶתͷȥˣǼȴ˵ӡ
ģġ
һ˫ôӭ
Ů£Ľëɨϣġ
֮ıϢֲ˭˭ġ
춷ڵƹԺһֱתȫ˫촽ϣʱ֮ľ벻ָˡ
ʿˮӦԼЩʲôЩʲô˹ѸջĿ⡣
ȻεĶǰȼŵƣͼתעһεա
ҪˣȥϢ
˵գ춷ѱ
϶µһ˿Ʒ˿ҹ紵סǰɵӡ
춷ѱ˵ţƽ̯ľϵԹԵس˳ȥ
ĨнԶıӰ΢΢񣬵Ʈʱ춷Ѿʧˡ
ŷӦ˵ƣʱ׷ȥ
һƿţҹ۶һǣ죬˲˸
ſģģĺվĨıӰŨŨҹɫһʱ֪˭ˡ
߽ų˵ݣֻ춷ŵϻźÿİɫ΢ҡҷ
ĵƹƬƬůɫӡ
ʲôأˡҹȻƮУ˷ֲ˵Ǽ١
ˡ˵գӭȥ
ԼںڰЦһ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôôãֻñ˵ȴĸоܰҸ
ŮīҹɫзɣСӭȥվŮӵԡ¹Ͷµ»ԣĨǳǳӰӡ


27 
, ԱȴĳѾʼˡ
춷ΪʥԺĴʦ㣬ټʦδأԴСС¶ļϡ
һۿʼ, 춷ѾͲˡտʼäĿԺΧһȦ, ûз춷ѵټ
ֱڵľϲŷһС
ֲʧʷдţ
ʦἴ, ҲԳ, ȥȶĶҹδ鼮, ʱһ鱳š
, ϲֻ֣ǽֽ𣬷ԭλ, Ȼȥ
ûг鷿ķȥ˾ԱȴԱȳϡ·ϵĵ˵Ц϶ʽϲŴķ, һѳô, ɷǵģ, òɡ
ڳ, ÿɶгӷ, ڷڵĵӽͬһɫϵӡ
춷Ѻͼλϵʦվǰ, ָӹ滮ʲô
Ⱥеһ۾ҵĨ۵ӰҪȥĲȴֳɵ˻
ԼǸϲġڽҲǸȻֶȻӰ첻, 춷Ѷ
׼ת뿪, ȴһӹ

һʶͣס˽Ų
һǻ, Ůӡ
ϵһôôһܵˣ춷Ѽͣ£Ų߽˹⡣
㲻ڣ㣬ҲŰġ
춷¶һĸοЦݣ΢΢˵¼ˣɰˣ
ƿĿ⣬Ĳɵġšһ
ǼȻˣͿȥ鷿ѧϰȥɣҿҪġ춷һָֻһֻļ
˫Цӵ˵ͷȻת뿪ʱû˲еʧ䡣
򻹱춷ѵ£Լͬëҵ
ԼʲôʱŮôأ
Լӵջص鷿̯󣬱˫ֳԴĿͷķ羰
ʱʱǵЦȴֻܿǰȼ̴ľ̡
ʱ̫߳ʹƣͣһͰסϮ⡣ôſ˯
ɣ⣬ȰϽſȻҿɶˡϮһһ׼İƱɣһס
ɣⲽƣ˵ǽϣЦЩ̬ſ񣬵ϮҿܹˡܹݣܻӭΪ˹ô
ɣ˵꣬Ϯѡ
ͽӣ֣Ϯһ𣬿ǽ˯еˡ
æ˲µĿˮѭҵԴں֣ſǽϣϵֽ˸Сղŵ׷ʲô顣
͸СԿŮھشšղҲǴﴫġ
ȵȡŮȻǱģƮݵİĺ£Ϯɣ˭
üʶҪԣϢ񣬽۲Ŷ˵Ķ
Ȼ˵ǵͽˣҲʲôôأ
ɣһֽŮ˫סͷһָΪ§Ů֫Ȼɷ˵ȥס˫촽
ϮԾૡ
ڴ񾪵õɴֻۣаͷ
ˣ̸
ǰɣǰɣ˵õأ
ٿʱ˫պ˺þõ˫ֿм仹žӨ͸˿ɣϮһˮȥĺݶתδй͡
ϮǵȱӦʱɣס֣ƾҪǾɫǵȥ
Һɣۼֿ죬ٴסŮİơ
ҿҲͦܵİôˣͷˣ
ɣ˵꣬ҪŮĲȥ˱þͺһƬ
ɣǵ֮ʱϮӵǰˣҲֵľôŮڵ˱
ͷרĸµɣ⣬ʱȴͻȻͣ˶һãȻ̧ͷŮô棬ˮ۽ǹ䣬Ȼֱϡ
ᣬǹ̵ģĵġ
ǲϵİҲѲ֪ȥˡ
Ϯʱ˫δͫĿյ˫ۣôԴԴϵĵ¶ֹֹס
ɣʱǻˣãȻţԲ𣬶Բ𡭡
ϮҲǹģҾһʱҩ˻꣬ǷҸҲòͬ⣬ͽЩ¡Ϯ˰һޣҲûˡ
ɣæʧ޴ظŮᣬŮľ͸ϵˮһϵĵ
˫ӾûֻͫһƬİף滨꣬ۡ
㣬ҪٿޣҾֱ˹ɣҲ֪ǲӳˣֱ˵仰ŵ
˻һϮֹͣ˿
ʱ⡣
ǵİŮ۽Ƿ죬̧֡ৡһԼһ֣ȻӲ½ϵϡ
ɸų˪

Ϯһ䣬͸žǧ֮⣬˵껰ɣķӦ㼰ʱתȥ
ٴֻɣ˸Ӱ
ڱ͵ҲٹעºɣʲôӦˣֻǼæԼԭĵطæװʲôûӡ
ͼԼƽ
Ҫǵ±ɣ⿴鷳ˣϾŮ˵ֶκۣƫðĨ˲Ÿġ
̣Ͳס־ԣŵſӱһȦûɣټ뿪˰գŰ˿
ֿ˻飬ĺɫʱ춷ǻˡ
ŵԭ˯æ̧ͷķȥȻһĨӰ֮
ʦ㡣ڲסϲػһ
춷ӯزϻʲôŵľϣ˹ǡ
СʱڣԵ̶⣿
춷˵ԣţƤֽһһ̶Լϣû˿ָֽŵ⿪
ˮˣȲҪȥáצȴŮһĵ
㿴մʲô
ŷԼָ϶մī֭ȻԼעʱСմϵġ
񲻺˼Ц¶Ž׵ıݡ
ɣ졣춷ѺЦǷؽеĹ𻨸ݵ񴽱ߡ
չȥһںס
ںס̶˲䣬ŮСഥŮӱָ⡣Ȼܵˣδʱ
Լס˲úĶЩε춷һۡȻżװԼʲô鶼֪һٳԵ̶㽫Ůָƿ
̶һͻˣ˷ۣϣЩۡŮҲǡϣҲôˡ
ͷֵϦ£ƻĹû˴죬ضȾһߣ۾Ѿ˺þã춷ȴŸһ
鿴춷ͻȻڡ
Ѿһˡʵش
Ǻãһ飬žͺá
Ƕ˾͸ĳ˶춷˳ָϣشĽ࣬һһ鱾ôšʱʱ̧һ
Ĳʣµ̶⽱ˡ춷ѽ鱾ѵõչ¶һȫЦա
ЦʱȴȫЦȡƵӶĿ
ллʦ㣡Ҳ֪ΪʲôܵЦݵĸȾԼҲԾغࡣ


28 
Աȴʽʼһ졣
칫, 
½½ŵǣ޲̤ųؾ, ӿл¡
ǰİ, , , , ۣ, ۣɫӶһ𣬲ҶǴôһ˿ŵӶеġ
صػһʥԺרμҪϲŴķ, վ֮С
ʥԺķζһɫưƵۣԼǸԺ
춷ѣ, Ϯ, ɣ˶ǹԺ, վڲһ, Ϊɫ
ɣ˫ֻ, վϮ, һͷӣЩ΢
ιҺ㻻λáɣø첲Ա
ר־̨ϳϽͻȻ˴, ͷء, Եɣһɱô˵˾䣺
gun
ɣ৵һֺ˼ȡ
ͷһֽ, ϮվһԼǺ춷Ѱýġ
ιûɣ˵
ɣȻһۣû˵
ոձɣļڻʹһﵽ˶񰵴ƳһϮȻɪɪĿ⡣
λϷš
ʥԺרżῪĴãվ̨ϵʥԺĶϡ飬һϮǸӡ
ĵ˵ǶⲿС˵߳Щηġ
վŸطŽڣоºǡºʥԺĵðһ
ڶͩľˢͩɵģŴõοյΣŵȴϻ̫ͼΪ
š쵼ܸоʲôڿԱһûŵһڽг
ŮӻŽһ˫ϸӥ˸ź˵ĺ⣬ͬһڰĻƽ
Ůӵǿ죬һʱû˭ûڿأпܱǲԼ̫ˡ
ڨڨջĿ⡣
ʱڶӲؽ뵽ҲԱȴĳء
һ̨Բ̨Ͽͼ̨һųרŽڵųġǵӾֻվŹ
һʥԺϮս°̨ᡱֵ̨ĵϷ
ϮŮһ̨
ʥԺôɳϹӳʦοӮˡ˵°̨ĵӣ˵󣬵ǡöɣһֲС
춷ѺȻҲ˵ģǶ֪ϮʵҲûһϣŴֻÿϮô֤ʵͶˡ
Ծ˳סˣֻɣһӾҪԴϴȥҺۼֿ켰ʱֹסˡ
춷ҲѵõؿѵƳɲڼƽϣϮʵǶۼ֤ģĪҪԼҲʥԺ
ⷬǶ˵ģҪ̫¶ۣĪҪԼŵ
شԴҲˡ
춷ѵ֮ʾ
ôָɣĿҲֻ춷˰ա
ܷԱȵ߳ʵֵֹͣĵӽ˵꣬Ӷ֮˿
ϮƮƮһѳǽŮһɫµ˻ߵ֡
ؿƵĻϮѾˡ
һڿСǺɫ·۹ą̂µ˵һ
紵һƬɱϮǱ紵Ļ졣
һôʶȷһɫµǿҵԶͷ¡
Ϯ㣬ڿзһȦȻͣ¡óŽĵֽӡɫâΪݺᣬǰԴԴˮ޺ȴǿҵ𺳡
ء
ݺὣͺɫµԶγɵһϺܲסϵļȡ˿ѪһһеѪֹֹס
Ϯһ¶ŮŽеĥɿţưѥ̤һҶڿзתȻ£ǧٲڷ˵ڷбϵİʱԵݳ
ţ˵һ֮ʱоôص˲ϡ
紽ϻѪṰֵһܽˡ
һԼʱͣסδˡ
̨һ꣬һз̫⧲öôˮ
ֻһаˣϮֻıĮȻһδųİˣü֮иһ¶ȶҲ
̨³Ƭ̣Ȼ
°̨һĵӣѵоôһϹӴˣºһԱ˵
˲ò࣬ˮɶ˫һԵӣȻƽ˵ⷬ
˫ʦôʥԺ˵ˣϴڿջֺӣڶءرмǸþͺקŮˣϴء
˫û˵Լʦ˵ĵطһۡ
ţɣǵĳȷʵͦקģҲʱקϴڿջȻ֪Ů˾ȻһݣǷˡ
Ϯһ̨ɣŸÿЦӭȥ
۲ۣ
Ȳȣ
˵ˣ
ɣϮ˺ö⡣ϮǺܲӵһ˦ˡʶɣƢˣ˳ŵð亹ɣȴѵõĲգŸ׷ȥ
ڳˣ˵еɣǹģ
״˳ǣɣΪ˲ȡϮԭķӡôɡ
춷Ѻһۣæߣ춷ʲô
Ȼɲܱ֤ռǼؿƿһʱԳذϮɣ˵ȥˡ
ʦ㣬ҲҪμԱȴ𣿡춷ĿƣвסεƮôһ
еġ춷Ӧ˾䡣
͡
š
񣺡
Ⱳӣûôι
˫ȻһۣȻų߹
Ȼǲ뿴춷ʲôӦ춷ɰȻصӣ֪Ƶġ
Ҳֻѧ춷ѵӣ΢°ͣվñֱָ
б˲˵ҲԲͱ˵
Ǻá˫òԵĴ˸к
춷ƵؽĿƵϡȻ΢΢˵ͷӦˡ
ҸոȥʦᣬһԶ
Աߵ񣺣
ʲôһԶѵǶҪΪŴӶμӻʱһ
һ仰ࡣоӶġ
ǻ¶ָˡ춷ºһЦ
㲻ϵˣ˫¡֣ü
춷װһĲ֪ģѵùʶң
һ仰˵ܸܵ˫κɢŭˡ
˫ǳ׵غܹ˴ȴǲǵˣ


29 
ʵǽŭú, 춷ּʱΧ˵ʱ¶ͽ̡
˫ԣ뿪ˡ
ʦ, ˭춷ʵŮĻ, 춷΢ͷ,ȥŮ, ŮΪͷ,˸ĹâлӰӡ
ʱ֪ˡ춷ѵһЦ̲סȥͷ, ۾ֻ˸Сèһ
Աȴἴӽβʱֵ̨ĵӲŽ춷Ѻ˫һԶսġ
˫˫̨, ԳԷһҾǶ֮ͬء
ʼֵĵӴ֮˿Ծͱøɱ
춷Ѻ˫ɵ, ƶ, еĳ档
춷ѽٳ, ɫէ֡
˫ɫҲɢĺ⡣ʱ, ȳлҪ, Ѹײڶ֮糸趯춷ɨ
ɫ϶, ˫ѽһΪΣΪһζߣ춷ͫϮ
һƬ̨, 춷ٿԾȻ, ݱɫĳһӣֱֱ˫ɨߡ
趯, һƬȻ̨˵һĶš̨ϵĶ鶯ȴֲʧеƣѣεĽֻüֻõ˽ֵĻʽ
˫ѵñ춷ѻһƣϥأɳһξ룬Щأ̨»һۡ
춷ѳһ㣬ԾУһѩз򻹹ڵϵ˫Ϯǧīɣ趯
춷Ѷ˫ǹӺݾδġ
ӡе춷һֱǸˣ벻Ҳڴ¶ɫ
ǡûϥڵϵ˫˫ͫ״æһ㣬˫ֽס춷Ľ
˫һ춷ѵı
ִ岽ǰӱϮۿ˫ǳҪ춷ϣ춷ͻȻһǻһ֣ǡkangһǰѺɫӿϵɫס
벻С˼Ȼ춷һʶˣ춷һǻһнֱֱֶĳৡһ»˫İ˿
˫ƻϣתͷȥ춷ѡ춷ṦȻʱջس˫ͷһԾ˫Ա̬ǰѩ׽档
ѩײ˵ĿѪۡ
ʥԺ춷ѣʤ
ֵ̨ĵӻ£ʮֲõЦע̨ϵŮս첽̨һǳɵĶ
ʦ㡣ӭȥεεػһ춷ͷ
Ůϲͷɱ
ԱȴУһѾˡ
̫£ɫĹ̨ǶĽ˿ߣҫ۵ĽɫâϦغ¥Ⱦ˳Ĺ⡣
ִǧٻͷȥįС
ôȥ𣿡춷ߵԱŵ㻶顣
ɣϮڱϮһͻȥˣֻʣǶˣӭϦ޺ãԶصɽֻͣǷ紵𴿰ǣֻ÷˵졣
ȥʲôأһ
鲻ѾǻȥԺҾͿԿʼĶˡ
춷˵˶٣ͻȻʲôȻʵѧʲô
ѧʦո̨ʹõһ׽
ԡ춷ѳһЦֲԾŮķҡ
ͷ
صԺʱǸ춷ѽݡ
У춷ѽԡָˮ£ȻŽͷ˽
ʦ㣬Ǹʲôˮʵ
ѵҪϴ
춷ûֻԹԵشľóһ״ƿȻ潫״ƿҺȫԡ档
·װȥ
񣺣
춷ӣ¶İۣȻٿŵԾ
춷Ѹܵ˶ٳûתͷȴֻõŮǺҪѪ˫պͶ
춷ǲʲôΪͣϴ赤ĥɵķĩͨãδҪݸϴõˮ裬ȥеʡ
Ŷԭϴ赤С˵ΪϲŮͨζ񵤡
ŤŤԼ´ǻû춷ǰ⿪ֻŸεε˵ʦ㡭ȥҰɣҲϰ˿ϴ衭
ŮӣʲôѲ㻹Ҷʲô춷ѽսһϷʡ
һĿôǰȻŴ˫Ц۾Щߵؽͷת
ѣԡʱڣһڱΪȻһ˿ܻ¹ʡ
ǣתȥ𣿡
춷ԣЦЦޱȻ콫ת
۾°·ˣһݵװˮȥ
žડһŰɫˮĽ춷ת˹
Ҳûϵ춷ѻת˫ͫһ˫סԼء
Ÿˮˮûȫڹ춷Ѿתˡ
ɱѿӿŮʵǶۡ
±ȷŸˣ춷ЦЦû˵ʲôֻƵ
Ϣϴ赤ҩЧȫľУϴȥеʡ
ԡ
ŷģһԼӽɫˮУֻ¶Դ
۾ܸܵ嵤гֵϸ΢仯ܸܵŮߡ
ô˵˿ϴ裬ǹֲڵġ
ˣˣ콫ı¶
˻ӣ춷ͻȻڿտԡۡ΢΢ر¶覵
ò˵ŮȻݣĵطеģǱƹһޱؼǵƤ΢΢¡ļǡ
춷˫ʲô䷨Ű׹ĹȦΧƵġ
춷ָıȦ˼£ܵŮָϵıӲ¡
ԡˮ춷ѵָŮʩŷۿɼµˮɵĺɫ
񿴵һɫˮƵԼϣͷƤһ顣
ϴʡΪͨ磬ԼһͶˡѸŵˡ
춷ѱ˵ߴƵǰˮŮ˵ͷ㣬»ұɡ
ԼȫˮУֻ¶˫۾˵ͷ춷Ѿͳȥˡ
ֹһᣬŴӳվ֪ȥʱһ
ءһԵʯϣټԡļУҪ˵ĶĤ顣
Ŷ롣
ɱǰŮ/ӣ泯µ̱ԡԵĵϡ
춷ѣ
󣬾һˤˣ춷ֱӽᱧһۣһ˿ϡ
ԡﱧ˳ȥ


30 
춷ֱӽڴϡȻ½´
춷˳ָ,Ȼֹϡ漴Ƶ̧ۣ˴ϵ
ʱ񣺣
ŮҪЩʲôXXOO°ɣҪ˫, һĿ
춷һֻϥǹ˴, ˵ôٻ㡣
ΧС
ҪǾʹĻ, ͽг춷Щͳ, иΪ, ʹ֮Ѫš
Ϳ춷߽Ա˵ķʽڴ, ϶µ
ͻȻһɱ֮ȫ񷢳һԭ춷סĽ춷˼, Ȼֻꡪһ
ñȹͷѵ
woccccc
亹䣬̲סʹý˳ʹԼԼԸܵõԼ۽Ѿ˸žӨỨˡ
˫ʶؾס춷ѵ, Լͷ춷ѵľ, ̰ȡϵζ, һʹ, Ȼûʲôá
춷ѼŮòģ, ֻĴ, һοá
޹ˣҲʹʱһž۵СǰŮ, ʦ, 㣬ȳȥһ, Ҫ·
춷ѿ˿ԼΪŮļѣЩƵ˵áȻ뿪ˡ
ſʼƵؽ£
ĶˣֻֻڱӱҧƵģ˵ʲôо
ֻ뵽춷ѽԼӵϱʱǸסᱡϴı£ļ
Ѻ˴һԼ´һƿǰš
Ůӵ֣ƾ档콫ͷתһЦ
оΣ춷Ѵս
һʱ֪˵ϴ赤ĹЧǵĺ󾢡
ţܡ泩ֻô˸ܵĴ𰸡
춷һ˫ƵչԵǳ˵ȳһ½˳Ϣ񣬱۸ͨ
ԣ˵ͷȻر۾ʼϢС𽥱ûȣȥһڿˮһůȫֻһ̡
ţ㳢Խ˳
չӣŮվӰ߲ĵ趯ǰ˽׵ģϣ⣬һССģƻһ
ŮۣǻûӦ˺һ¶ϲɫ
Ү~ͫ΢һ˫Щӣﶼ¶ϲ
ʶȥסǰŮӡ
˫ҲԾס漴ͻȻӦԼʲôָһķſ
춷ѵЦЦһ˫£ָָԶһԽ˳
š񻶿Ӧ£Ȼ˫ڿбȻŸӵʽ
ֻ˫мһεǣ˫еķʽ
ʹģǻεһһһһʽ˫ֽӡĿԶĴ
ֻһ׹糸磬ʣһ֧ɫļৡһͽϵҶ䡣ɳɳɳҶôȻ¡
ջ˫֣תͷȥŮӡŮײ˼Ц⣬Ц绨Ů˵ͷĵͣѧõǿ죬츳
һЦ
Ӵڸʲôءʱһ᲻
춷Ѷ
ֻɣţƤֽԻŸİŮ
ɽȥ˺ܶռһ
춷ѵıһӾͱ˫üǶϣԣɽȥˣ
ʲô𣿡
̧ͷȥ춷ѣֻŮ˫촽ϵϢüͷҲ΢΢ģһ˫Ҳ΢΢ŭ
ڣȥá춷˵꣬˦˦һۣתȥ춷ɣʱɣͻȻס
춷ͣûۿֻɨɣסֻ֣Ȼ̧ط¡
ɣǰһִ춷ѵļ
춷ȴַֽ£ȻתͷǣɫõǣҪĻǻзӴǡ
ɣң㡣ϮƸɾһվԱߣĬֻƮ
ɣϮǣ֣߰ɡ
Ϯ˦
˳ЩΣǻ˵˾䣺Ҳһȥ
һԺ춷һ˶ЩԶˡֻģļӰزģҲ֪ģǾֻܽ춷ѵĲ
ͷѾѻҶˣһͥԺζⶼûʲôڣطŵӵĶûС
춷Ѿȥˣβ
춷ѵһյƣ⣬ǰϰλϰյƣ
ɫıӰů΢һ㸴ŵʱУǱӰĻȻЩį͹¼š
δתóЩƣ
ɣʹ˸ɫɣ⣬ֲϮһ˹ȥ
ĨԼȥϴɾȻλƣסλĵҲòİµġ
Ǵɨõģɣһ飬ϸüһ
춷ת
ɨõġ˴Ҫܷ
ǻʣ춴ʦǷʲôɣ춷ѵ߲ߣ˵ĿⲻԾڿ㣬Ȼ޷˵ĺ棬ҲԲеսζ
ڼδ˽ɽЯʥԺĶʦš춷һһ˵˫ƽòƽ
ɣǰһȻģ촽˿ȣǴµĵһʥԺȻȨҪƣֲʥԺˣƾʲôʥԺĹء
춷Ŀ϶µɨϴŵĴװӣϵŵĵƽ˵
ȻʥԺۣ˹ԺʥԺˡȻ߳ȥʥԺĴţľʥԺŽڵԱȴ˹עһȵ㣬Ȼȥռռ̵˶֪ʥԺŮھԱȴʱ͵ʦţôռʥԺŮӵжóԣţ
ɣǵˣЩ棬ϮأϮǾʥԺˣѵҲ𣿡
ʹ˴סҴϮȥ˰ɡɣһѶѵ/״ʱֹסˡ
ŶǻҪһ/״˽Դɽ춷ƽ˵꣬һԵϮ
Ϯ˽ɽ÷˼һգʡڶԱȴҲȥˡ
ŶϮ䵭Ӧһ˵һԡ
ɣ⣺


31 
ֻһɭɭ, Ʋλ
ɣعʱѾϮˡ
ɣæǰȥסϮ, ȴϮһ˦
߰ɡ춷ǰļ, Ȼǰһȥˡ
͵ɣ潫ϮŲ뿪á
ټ, ֻλǰȼŵƷžϸСϰյλ, 붼, Ҫ㵽ʱ°
ɣλǰĵϣŵ淢Ŵ, ͷġ
֨
ɣû̧ͷЦİա
ֻǵ΢Ĵ½Ʈǰʱɣ΢΢
ЩŲŵ, Сĵ̧ͷӳȴŮӡ
ȼ̰ŮƮİ״ɣ⡰ৡһվ, ӿնشۿ
Ϯ, ôˣɣʶʳһ䡣
Ҳȥ˼, ԱˡŮشƵ, Լࡣ
ɣЦЦ, Ȼ߹ȥϮ, һЦɣŮˡϮǿõҲᱻŮӵ绨Цյ
ƳʲôЦôİ⿴һ, ̲ס٩һ䡣
ɣȴǹһ, ֻ÷߷ߺ˾䣬Ҫܡ
ȴԴζ
ŶǾͲˣЦ, ͬһֻСꡣ
ңǣɣƣȻ̧ȥֻյʲôҲûС
ȻһĨɫӰײߣ춷ɷǣֶ;վԣһ
ɣʱ֪ʲôζǰδġһֺеۿʪС
ҲȺܹɣȻ
Ϯߵ;ַˣҲֻøඡ̯̱֣һνӡ
˵գ˱̧߽ã춷˳ŴˣһӰ
ŸʲôֹɣЧʸһЩ춷ߵ߷ĵطԼһţȻʣļĨȥ
ִһţĵݸɣ⡣
ɣûڵݸϮˣԼ˫ָһš
Ȼ˾ȥϴӣʼϮֱͦôվһԣһŵλ֪ʲôûʲôı顣
ƵĹͭɫϿйϷ·ȼʾ͵̳Ϸˮһ
鲻Խָȥмŵ顣ǺܱĴУ͸ľˮһ̹ǡ
Ѹջָ⣬ԻӿʼĲжɾͷϸСʹǴ
ñ׶ָСѪۣȻֻһۣǻǲ׺ӵ
ʹ쵽ȫȫͬϿҧ˺һ㡣
ûãĺ󱳾Ѿ亹ʪˡɫЩҰף˫ֶغԼô׵ص¡
춷Ѻɣһ˻ˮȥˣһµİȥˡֻϮɭɭãϮ˫ĿʧվԶȻûĲԾ
ôԽԽˡ
һκۿɼĴǵ䣬ԸܵԼͷѾʪ͸ˡ˫ͬһˮҲģģġ
ֱһһεѪӴʶԣסصָҲס
ҪȥϮڵեһѿڶĻҲôɤ
ڼһڵʱֻסǵһֻͻȻ̧ʶؽס˸ոձյƵ
ֻתһŻеĿտ˾ߵķݣŽµذĿϣôֱֱȥ
վһԵϮ΢΢ǷƫԴ񣿡
ϮȴûκӦ
ϮԼԼ˲þǡ춷Ѻɣ⻻ˮ
ϮȹѣСܵǸǰϴ˵ŵ飺ء
춷ɫһ΢üͷʵ:һֱô
ҷһֵ󣬱δκˡŻ񣬵δشҡ
Ϯ˵꣬˶ԼͬĶ

ķջУһ˫
˻ģֻԴһѣΣ˻һ
˼ǺģʲôҲ塣
ոڲţȻѴͲ֪ΪʲôʹŴ˫һţһգȥ͵ˡ
¶˳һ顣
˻ģǴʲôεĻأʲôҪصþһҪٴӦĻء
ֻȳأڵţָʯڣŵڣҵеεĻأȴµĿռԶԶĻҪ࣬ȥ֪ʲôط
ɻͨôʱһⴳ
񲻽һôһط⣿ɻ֮࣬Ųӣ뵽Ƭİůɫ֮С
һϢƷһ˲ǰʱѾ𾪵ͫ΢Ż¶ˣæ˫գס˿ڱǡ
۲˼飬ǰľһͰͰ飡
ҶΪʮŮӣͷɢң֫ѱȥڲ֪ʲôҺľͰΪ˺ĵҲǻǷء
ͷƤһ֮⴫ζ
ﻹ죬飬Ӧÿ֫ƺڵ˫ۡ
ȴǵ˫ĿţЩŮĿԼ֫ȻжѪҺζɱģĪʹҲй
ʥԺôһط
ѵлʲôΪ֪
Ϣ˲ӻǾǰš
˵ؾأһʺ˱ֻȥأ
񳹵ߵЩǰʱЩŮǻ˫ͼʲô죬ϧֻ˵ˡ
ûֱӱܹˡ
ⳡһԪܹܵ˵ġ
һС·ְǽڣЩġ
ʱ꣬ˣ
ͻȻһŮտ𣬵ǽһ
˭䱸˷ơ⻹ִѧרɫǵġ
㲻
ǸŮƺ֪Լϴˣ
ȻǣֻģʣǰǺηʿ
һѧ˹˵ʽ˵ӻ߳ǰ̤
һηʿұ㡣
Ů˵͸żֲͬʱżֹƻԥȥȴһɰɫ鲨Ů˸ǰ


32 
ײߵһ׳۵ͼ
ǸŮ˰
˶߸߹ͷһ, ֽŶѾЩ˵׷֪δķ紵˿, ȹҷ, κֵƬƬ˰
ȥ, ֻһ,ȴñȶꡣ
һڿչлʢ, ÿÿʢһʱΪ㵹
֡Ůܹ춷ѺɣȲͬ͵ľɫ˶, Ϊ֮˽ȥ
ŮϵѾԭɫˣǿԲµǱѪ͸ġ˫ֱ˫´š
ɫë˳, ⻬׵ĶͷϻһѪӡüе˪㱻ǽ, ҲҲڹ
һ˫ˮһ΢, ʱ΢΢˵̨̬ͬµŮ
񱣳˫΢, ۾һҲľô
ŮͷһֱɫеĶԼ, ǲ, ֻǺЦ, Ц˿͸żֲͱ
ȫĶͶ֮ˣȫ۵׵ɫ
ǴСܸôҵ˻ˡ"ŮͻȻ, ɤ΢仹гڲ˵˻ơ
ôһ˵, ʶԼʧæջĿ, ҪڣȴֱŮ˼ʱˡ
ȱ˵Ҳ²£ǲʥԺĵӡ
ԣ˼˵ͷ
Ů˵õĻشºȻŨּʵŶǼȻʥԺڣﻹðɣ
˼һǵ˵ͷ
Ů˵ôô֣ܾǰʥԺһŮ˰봹ڰ֯ʲôԡ
ҿ㣬ϸɻʥԺĴϣԺһλ
Ժɻ¡
֮ͻȻ춷òƺǻһλϵʦҲʥԺĴϡ
벻Ůӡ
ڻнбչѾȥЩͷˣҲ֪ó
λӦþŮ˿˵Ĺϸɡ
Լ֪ЩȫŮ˵ˡ
ǣʦյͽܣʦڲδأɴʦš

벻ŮȴǼһЦЦȴǼ
ĨЦȹΪۣ֮ЦݣΪ֮ʧŮ˫˵п˹¡
ҲȷõһʲôΪ֪ľ!
һûʣʲôأŮ˵Цֻ̫óɤʵ
֣롭ŮⷬһӾͰˣûϢһ
˼ĺ
ľ;ⲿС˵춷֮ŮˣþĶǣǼ˺ܶΣټʱǳһƳ
͵ҪյʱŮͻȻڣ˼ء
ҽľܽأԱ˵Ӧûʦ
Ů˵̫꣬ŵӣּ䣬
ǹϸʦ㣬ͽһʦ
ʦΪʲô
΢΢ǰȥͷǻֳһĨ޵Ц⡣
Ů˼ȻܱټͷôŮΪƷͷһСԼ˵Դ׳ʲôõϢ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôǼɵʥԺɵŮǸһϤĹ˸С
͸ҵߴð˴ָоࡣ
Сʦֶĺ˰
ľܽض꣬ʶȤûˡ
ľܽ϶µʩһ
߽˼
ȫһȦһȦѥ滹ᷢkuangkuang죬˶ܵúܡ
ȥֻϿ鿴ĹϺɫ䣬ŤŤġ
ÿ·ӡҵģӡ󷨵ҵѪ涼ҵѪȾɵģҪܲ˾ͲҪˡ
ԣЩ𺳡
õŮ˸ձʱǶӣǶôѰֱѪŰȥ·ӣֱЩ·ȫѪɫ
ߵǸɲûУһ£ҾˡľܽسǱʹ˸ɫ
ŤͷȥһȻиɲ
Ӧòɡ
װһŰɡԥģ
ȻľܽǿĹǺͳɣȰκ˶ֻǽҴӸͷѣֲ˳ȥ
Ȼֻ֪ġڼװš
ĿģװһаСŮ衣
ҵͷҰҾҹ棬ѽӲˡҵĽţҲþûŵصµĴˡ
ľܽصȻԣһһ䴫Ͼ˵ĺᲦ½ջ㣬㡣
Ů޵ĵ
˿Ů˰ȹеĽţľܽزδЬ࣬һ˫ôչ¶š
ˣڶԷ˼
ӳľܽ
񰵰̾˿߹ȥһ
޴ĳת𣬺ñȱҪ˵ĶĤͷϹŵŮһһµĽ
ⰤʱЩվȣľܽ£ЩˤҺϲֽ˻
æǰס
ľܽתͷ˵˾䣺лл
վȺɿ֡
𣿡ľܽ˵ʱƵĵӰĲϣĨȥԴ˿СŮ˵ᡣ
šȻƵľܽķѩķ˿ôָ˿ƴ䡣
ָ˿ȫʱ򣬿ĿľܽصĲҲ˸Ȧ
ŮѩĲѾȦĺӡ
סҪȥһ̽֡⣬˭ģΪʲôľܽǹϸʦ
ˡľܽصοľܽسһ򵥵١
ľܽڷΪһЦջ
ǺǡЦ˼
ľܽز֪ͳöͭţһվſ
ľܽصʢյͬʱŸôʳ뿪ķ
գԼʾ˼飬Ȼ¶ĵľܽصļ
ľܽתͷһɻβţ
˼ˣʡ
˵һͱľܽϵľɫ״ˡ
ֻľܽɫһ˫һǲʲôΣյϢ
˵죬ȥɲҪˣ
˭񻹴һɺԴľһʱû⵽ľܽ˵Щʲô
ֻľܽæͭ䣬Լ˵һԣȥɲ˺Ҿá
ľܽѹһ˫ˮʱ˺Ѫ˿˫Ŷ
ʶĽԣһǻһȥɲ˻ȥľܽ±һ
ȥţ˺ٻľܽر棬Ъ˹طŻЩ˻ơ
˵ͷʾľܽزõģҲľܽؿ˵˭ˣҿһ£ֻûʲôõĲ֮ء
ڣһ崻ĿͶ˷Ůһ


33 
һȺû֫Ů, ʿˮ˵ԼĻеµġ
ľһС, Ȼؽϵľγ, һͷ˿ɢ, ľ߬,Ϊ춷ġ
Ů˶ͷ㷢,ֽ˫ͷӣӳһ״, ѡȫǰ£ס٣ֻģ¶, ۲졣
һ£һ¡λǡ˫ϳ˸Ҿ, ȻֽſھͰŮ, Լװ˽ȥ
ŮԼͷ, ͼԼǡΪһ塱
˲, ˿΢Ĺ͸, һƮ, дĹ㡣
ŵɫһ䣬Ծ˿ĭͨ϶͵ͷ߹ڵŮ, Ů˺ɫӱ֪ʱķ紵һǡ
һɫĻһƮǰ
ʱŻȻ, Ů˵ͫ׾Ȼһɫͫұ, Σգ
Ŀֱֱ֮Ŀڿн㣬ưʵȴûпһظܵԼڷţʱȫѪҺǡǵȽҲ׹߰ĽӲ
ʹǿҲֲסţοǼ仹ȫʬζ
ǿʹԼ侲װݲȣƽģŶζͷøһ㣬ǧܱ֡
ҪǱֵĻˣ
Ů˿¾ľܽؿ˵ġգ
̣ɫĻִһصƮȺװŮľͰʱĿƳƳһۡ
ŵȫë֫ӲѾΪȺŮеһˡ
ȫΪƽʱ
ľܽصȻ𣬡Գˡ
ڼҲ֪˶ȥæŮΪԭλԼǴһͷĿ
ţĿá
ͷȥľܽأҪô
ˣŰɡҺҷֵ磬Ȼϸͷˡ
ϸ裿
ϸ˵Ҳȫǹϸ裬ֻǹϸչطֳһʶˡһ˵ֻҪϢŨͷֲ㡣൱ڰϹ
˵ͷ˵ôϸ跨ôǿûأԭǸϹ
Ϊʲôǰ׷һľܽصͷȻľܽʱѸƿˡ
㲻ȥôҿԸ㷽
ľܽһ̧Զȥһص˵
䣬ڴľܽػ˵ʲô
ľܽɫȴЩָָ̧Լ㽫ҷųȥ󷨾ͻˣȻеķӡһ񣬽ʱ㲻ȥѡ
ǣ㲻˵ⲻô
ǣǽⲻҪ֪סֻҵ壬ҵֻ꣬ҪҵһƻǣҶ˶ӳȥˡ
ôΪ˶᣿Ȼһӳȥô
ľܽؿĹǣںĹ˹ǣҲΪ˶ᣬҲصһһֱռ塭
˵⣬ľִܽȥķâΣâ֮ɫҲܳȥΨһһ취
ȹߵ˫߬ȭͷ˫ͷƻŮˣ͸Ůļ㣬ԣ㡣
ǱҧЦ˵ⷬġ
ľܽԣһЦ
һһڰа׹⽻㣬ҫ۹âԶԶʤƣ磬ϻŮڿյ壬ཻΪһ塣
֣Ȼ˫ʱȻͷ˪ˡ
͸ľܽرóĻͭ棬˾еԼʶüͷڵ⸱ģҡ
Σľܽµѯ

£Լ࣬ͬʱԵЩ١
˴ľܽĻǣоṦӦˡֱһֻһһ͡ৡط
󷨵ټľܽصĸ壬Яľܽصİƻ׾ٵؾͻصá
ʱѾֵҹˡ
Ҫǽýһ£ڻȥĻý͡
ԡ
õľܽصͬ⣬ϯض˯

ҹĻ䣬ɢˣӣɫĹ߹һѪ£ֽϵһѪᣬӭ֯ɵ·ڱڤڤȾ
Ĩ¹õưľڴڵϵŮϣΪһںڵӰ
ڴªֽʱʱҹ÷졣
ѾˣƤѹòǣǲģϾﻹסһλеĻء
Ҫһ˯ȥô죿
񲻵òǿʹԼʮ־ҪǺȻüһʹֲԤӿͷ
һĿźҹ֪֮ӺʱʼһֱڹĦԼһһڵĶһ˿һȫС
߬Լ½ǣ΢΢Ƴ⣬ֻѹѹһƬ¹Ǳϣܵĺ⡣
һϤӰ춷!
ŮӵüۺÿˣĿ纮̶촽ʺ죬¹£ʱԵֲ
Ա߻վŮӣŮӲ״̬Ļһ㡣
ɫӻӵһɫͫ¹·ܵĺ⡣׷ǧ紵˿ơ
㽫ųģ
춷£ϮҹζҪ͸飬һҲδ¹ôš
İʹģһᣬɶ޶á
춷ѷīֻǰţδڣѻɫӣҲ紵ùĹ졣
ֻԱߵĹϸһУưĴű㱻Ⱥħӿ

Ҫ
Ȼоѣ˫ֳŴͷǺ඼ʪˡ
ŷϤĳ裬һŲ־
ôͷǺ춷Ŷ룬æϵ̷£Ĵߡ
ǰŮǰȻŴĴΪ΢ţ
̵ֱֱĶͷϣϵȡ
ôˣϽʱúõġ
춷ϵǵ龫Щ㱡
һ˲䣬ģΪҪˣĮȻϬ񣬷·ҪС˶һǧٿײŸݡ
۵׳ȣԾ˿ĭʹؽԼֻŮϣͷ춷ѵǰ̰ϵζ
춷ѱڸͷ̽¶ȵ֣Ů뻳Уһʱ֪ԥһǽֽŮ˶ȦסĴĺ󱳡
ǲ޵ģÿܵʱͻȻ˰ο㣬ԭסί֮һӾͶ
Ҳֹס
ʦ㡭һΡ
춷ѴۣŮǽŨĿǻⲻĻ
εҶε㿴ҵ񶼴źޡ
ʣء޲˵Լĺ¡
㣬ܲܲҪٶˣҺ¡
ˮ̧춷Ѳ޾оһƬˮŮʪ˵ͷ˼ʲô
СϾۣʪ˵˿ôճϻвϡ
춷ȥճķ£Ṵ
ƶʱĿ飬ѩɽ֮ӭĴ硣
ΰˣǶͬһʦµĽãķĿɳҶһȥ顣
춷˵ⷬʱǶôȻ֪춷ѺǰСʦһԴ
˵ⷬʱҲǶô˳¡


34 
֮, Ŵ춷ѻò˵˰οĸоǿ޾۾еɬ
춷ĸһָȥ۽ǻŵ, Ȼ󽫱ӸǺúֳΪҩȥˡ
˵ǰʱ , ˮ̹ͩһζҩƳ֭ˮ, ֱҩ, Чúܡ
춷ȫߺ, ٻľܽء
ʦ壬㻹𣿡ʵ
˯һ, ͻɻûľܽˡ
밵ЩǲֻһΡϾЩʵ̫棬̫˼ˡ
ôľܽضǻʵ, ͸Щ
˯źǶñֵģУҵͷôֱغɫˣ
ô֪˯źҲ˯˹ȥ, ѵʱҲŲ, ͷ, ֻҸŻɰ׷
Ŷ
õشû˵ˡ
ԿǾһҹ紵, ʱγÿ, ȫҲǻ
ȻҹôһҹȻˡ˶˱, ñӸסͷ
ʱ̫߳Ҫ˯ŵʱͷһֳ֣ɹˡ
Ȱҩ˯
ֹ۵, ˫ȥǰ˵ģ, ֻģģһ϶ˡ
ԭƮƮɾһıǣһֶŴɰ׵ҩ, 鶼Ŀء
ǣǻװ顣һճһЦ
Σ˳űӹڴߵŮӻУȴֻǼ춷üͷüͷ
ĺòϲüͷӰֳպЦһȥ춷ѵӣҵ춷΢΢ۡ
Ժô
Ůĵһ䣬Ȼһɱָ϶ͷ۾ĺԶĨ֮а
ĨŴһ뿪̵Ķͷǰæס춷Ѿ뿪˵֣Լϡ໥Ħ
ȡͷǰֵֻķ˲÷ŵĵط
춷ѿŮ˵˫գ֪ЩʲôҪ̽ͷ¶ȵջأŮȴסֲſ
ɴֱӴչȥԼĲ춷ѵϣĴʣ춷Ӳק˼¶ûɿ
ֻһֻвϻ񡣡
Ļʲôʶͱյ־ˡ
춷Ѹܵϴ֮Уʶ˲ԾæѿԼŮסֻ֣Ҵææĳȥˡ
Сʦֶ춷ߺľܽͬҲʶö飬ûдκλ졣
Īܲס֣ˣ
ľܽز²⡣
ľܽҪ鿴ʱǡʱ춷ѻˣ󻹸Ÿꡣ
òʣһ˫ĵ΢΢£˷档ƫҪһۣƽ˼ϳ
׼ҪϵľܽڼôӵʱһջҪϵ뷨˲
ͷʦˡ춷ѸԵ˸λó
Ե򵭵ͷ󣬷۶ԼľóһȻϡ
һᣬԵ̧ۣȻ󽫴ϵָջء
ʦ壬Сʦˣ춷æʵ
ϢңټϾ˶磬·ȣʲôĶ
춷˼һ£Ȼ˵ʦʧһʱ䣬ڵڶյ糿ұһˡ
һصģԵʵ
á
Ե⻰ԭϢһӱѹ˫ĵ۲¶ۼ˴ϵһۡ
ˣ֪ˡȥҩ׽ҩɣʱҸ㿪ˡ
£춷Եȥ׽ҩȥˡ
ľܽͷЩ꣬Ҫæȴ˯øͷһôҲѣľܽҲֻա
ֻеȵʱͬˡ
춷ѽʱ󻹸ˡ
ɣһѳȥյڿСôˣⲻ֪ĻΪʲô˵ء
Сһ㡣ĪҪҿǻ
춷ɣһۣĲҩһЩ¯С
ɣҲûţˮʪӸͷϣ˳Сͷ̵Ķܼ弦ˡͦŴġҶһˡ
ɣ˵ⷬʱʶȥϮûϿʲôıǱ춷Ҫɱ˵һ
æһΧľԣ˭Ҳ˵ֻ¯ӵĶ˵
ҩˣȥ춷˵һҿȫǲҩĿɬζ
ɣššϸüģëëһ
Ҳ߯˰ɡҪȥҵ۶ųԡɣű˵ŨŨıʵЩ
ҩڡ춷ֻǼ˵Ļĸ֡
ߵǰȻ˳Լ
ŮĽë춷Щ΢΢
εʲô
춷ؿƵûţźۼ̾˿
ããϷ϶Уǧ˼Ľ̸ѹʩѹҪ飬εĴʶ䣬ȭ״شϢ
޼ʵĺڰ֮Уս˫ۣ˿Ѫ
ֵȥˣ
ӻüһʹ֪Լηֻ֪ϳŵĴ֮ʹֱ˵Ǳһǿʹ¡
ʱǨ׺ɣ˫ϥǧٿףǲĻǣһһ±
򵽼ǹ˺ƬʱӺڰ߳һŮӡ
Ůɫֻ˼ɫûлڵƣֻССɫͼڣѩ׵ķôش磬һ˫ͫǱڰеĶһ̵Ĺâ
ľܽأǺôı£Ϊҵ󷨣ҾͿزסˣ
Ů˵ŭÿ˵һ֣üľҪʹ֡
ŵ˫ϥŲǿʹԼ̧ŮˣʦϴˡҲľܽأ壬࣬񡪡
ۡ
һѪ³˫硣һ˫ӳѪ
ŮӼһЦںͳûͭڵϣɤʹˡ
Һúÿ˭
ʯڻĸǰ
ôľܽصģˣü뻹һɫӡǡǱлһһ
ɣľܽأһԶҵߣӳΪ͵

˺ѷεĽкĹѪᣬ»ǡ屻˺ΪƬɢ޼ʺڰ֮У


35 
,񡪡
˭ں˭Ӻڰ
ȻۣȴеĿɬζǻÿ˼
ˣˣ
˯ɣ⣬Ƴ˴ڵŮģӰ, æһԱĿСϮ
ϮԴַº, ɣ׼ȥ춷ѵʱ, 춷Ѳ֪ʲôʱ齱, һ㽫ɣǺ
һղŻ˯, ôһô죿ɣˡٯٯ˳ǡ
ڿɻõˣ춷ѱ˵߽Լֱͷϡû˵ôŮӵա
̫ؿϵСë, ˫ǳеĺɫͫӣһˮ˲ʥ⡣
Ѿ, ٰ㰾ҩ˾ͺˡ춷ѽԼջأҴҴ, Ȼȥҩ
춷뿪, ɣЯϮһǰ, ɣЦоΣҩ춴ʦһһιء
ʲôôιģǿҵ, ǡеιɡ
ɣ, ĵġһ, ʲôأιģֻÿιһ㶼Ҫ³һڣ춷Ѷ֪˶, ɰǼۻˡ
лл
ͻȻôһ䡣ɣЩ, ôôòˣɣ˳, ˼˵
һ춷Ѷһڵҩˮˣˡ
ɣƨɻûأˣֺԾÿ
춷ָףʾӹ£һӵĳζôһǸ³ҩ
԰춷ֳǰ졣
ĥĥؽӹ
춷Ѹ֣ƵᣬôվſŮһں꣬崺磬һı鶼ûС
ɣڱǿһ춷ѸŵֻŸءȻšۡ֡
ո˭˵ҩڡģɣЦЦǲơ
춷Ѳ۽˳
Ե۽
Ͻӹ۽ǵǱָʱȴһջء
춷ŵЦǰжˡ
۽еɢҩĿɬζֱĿ
ոˣ춷ΪʥԺĴʦ㣬ϮɣͨӣмᣬԼ˶ڣҲһķΧ
ǲ߲ãľܽؾͿʼˡ
СʦֶСʦֶ˵𣿡
񵭵ġšһ
㣬ӿʲôʵĵطָĲ巢֮ĲʣǸһġ㣬𣿡
һģǸ뵽ľǡ
Ǹθľֻк°ˣԼһЩڹϸľܽعϵ֮Ե㡣
񲻼˼ĵ˵ͷ漴ľܽʵʦǰʦϵҷʱεˡ
ľܽͲ˵ˣʲôУҧʳεʲôˣ
μұ㣬üһлĺɫ̺ۡ
ֻһ㣬Ȼǰѹϸ˵ʲôҪߡ֮Ļʵȥˡ
ľܽû˵һֱ𣬵Ų˵Щ˶Թˣһǵ֣ܵЩҵӰ졣صģϰ߾ͺˡ
ľֻܽǼ˵ڹԭ
Ȼ֪Ļ飬ھƾľܽؿʱһ㣬֪ʲôʣʲôʡ
˾ôһһ⡣
ʵľܽԼһæֻǸոǸ֮Σеԥˡ
ڰƬ̺Ǿ
֪ʥԺһмԺϣԼ֮Ĺϵ
һľܽͻȻʵ
ʥԺһΪԺһϡʦ鳤ϣϡҲδţҲδˡ
ԵѾٲʥԺˣã춷ѼʱҵԵΪ㿪˷ɢȡͨҽɣǵҽˮͩǳһʦµġűϸƸʥԺ˳ϡ
Ҳ֪ľܽΪʲôҪͻȻ˵Щֻǰšľܽڶ˶ּ֮˵ȥ
õµǸǹϸԵǶӡҵģҵƻڣᱻ˷ʲôëƤңҲñ춷ѱġ
ľܽԽ˵ԽͳԲڶȻŭʩ˵ﵽֺ޲ýʬȴΪĸС
Ե϶˶þͻϹϸˣСʦֶҪȾңľܽԭŻûطŭ˲תŨŨǻ
Żʧɫ޵滨ģˡ
ľܽĻ˵Ļ߷棬ּ١ŵ׸ò˳ȥ
ʦ˵ܼ

ҹˮ

ƹ£һӰŨŨҹɫشš
Ůϴһߣһ£ͷ׷ŶƮַɡҶ쪡졣
ҹԵòͻأ
һ߾ŶɫƣȫһƬɱ֮ϢŮͣϡӳŵ繳Ҳ֪ʱѪԲ¡
ʦˡ
Ƚȥ˵һʱȫܿ
£Ůɴ룬ݣû˿ˮ
ľܽصĲ¶˺˳ͽڲ㡣
ϸھչѾˡ
һӣǰĲľ֮ƶ䷱ʱĳ
ֻȼյīɫơ
֪ʲôƳɵĵоīɫϣʶ߲ʺӳľǽϡ
ŵߵǰŮǰŮͷ߹ڣѪ쳤ҷһء͸ϼ볡ϼһƽļƷһ
أֲ¡
ŮӻĸеĹϸ賤һģһ˾۾Ҳǿġ
治֪춷Щôġ
ǸһֱţҪôУҪôڻ
ʦңҺ°
ģⲻʦһһ¾͸ľͷһᶯġǿѾΪһˡҸദ˼ǧ꣬һ֪϶ϰ𣿡
벹һ䣬ʵҲǻ˼ǧ϶ˡվǱΪ˵Ծûпᡱʵ
ľܽصָͿʼԹϸ۾ڹϸһֻֻһֻû
Ȼľܽؾ˳µĽ߷ŵŮӵϣȿȡԣǻС
ʦҪȫɣҪˣͶˣҺ°
ɪɪľܽ˵
ϾǸйϸʩӵĴ֮ʹڶµɪɪ


36 
, ľܽصĹ£˸סһֻ۱һֻۣСϸ軳ꡣ
͵ֿҪϸʱ, Ȼ, һɱ̹߬ס
ôһʱ, ؿһκǵ
žડһ, ޷Ŵ, һʱ䶼֪Ǻ黹ˡ
ϷĿưѩĽ޲ýǧˣ
񲻸̧ͷȥ, ֻһصͷŮӵĺѣԼϸոóһСɽ
ڴһ˲崻, ˫ͬʱ룬ؽôľܽȥ/
Ȩľܽ, ٿ̧ŮƲ
ϸסŮȼЩ, ոջµ÷˴ʱȴͻȻ˸, ϾĨϤļЦݡ
ϸ, , 㿪ô
ľܽǧ׷Ʈ°һĨаЦ, ַ龡
ľܽءձϵŮӼҧ˵֣˫ƽɫͫϲŭ
ľܽһקѿ, ڶѸ֮ҪϵĽ¶, ȴϸһ˦䡣
ϸںõ峤һ˦ͽľܽ˦ڵأյ, ôͼ겻һôǿˡ
ľܽصϥأĿڣ˿Ѫ
ʱߵŮȴǻվӭÿһ۵׵Ĳмľܽǧĺޣ޵ҹҪһѽš
ǱϸĴūǱ·ɾкǰҹذ״š
ˣȴ
Ұı֡
ۣǵİ̡
۾/궼Ҫĥ
£˼أľܽǻ˺öĺڿնǣʹ
ϸͦıϴ˲㵭¹⣬oһֶ۵ײмŨ
ľܽȴվ۽ǻһѪᣬɫëȾŴԣþĶǣƶ¹·
Ҫɱ㡪
ľܽ˺ѷһڼžҹԵøͻأֻαóһѳɫź⣬ֱֱϸĿڴ
ϸƫһ㣬˫ָסӭĽ棬kuangһжϳ룬ѥǰ
һӣӿľܽߵķֱֱ䵽֮ľϣľѣϵīɫ֮
ϸѪ˫۵
ԶңԶֻΪк
Źϸ˵ⷬľֻܽǰһƬʣҲƬˣѪģһƬ
۽ǲһѪᣬϣƤϷţǿġ
һгһĻ壬ȡ֮ʱǡ̰׶񡱵ꡣ
ľܽ˫ͫ죬ֲ࣬϶ϵĽڿն𣬹ϸϵľܽػһڷľܽĿϡ
ľܽرͻⵯԶֱֱڵ£ˡһ죬ֻȫѾϵ
ͬйһſſڹϸűߡϸ趯ŵض£ľܽص°ͣǿʹԼƽӡ
㲻ǾҪҸ㣬ָ꣬Ҳǰ
롪ľܽشϻѪŭĿԲηؽĿֱֱŮӵɫͫ
ϸȴָѪȻմѪָ̧𣬵Ķͷϣ»һѪۡ
΢΢ɫЦݶϷʡ
ɲ㡣
˵գϸվ
϶µ
ͷɫӳ˫ͫԵֲӱӿķ紵졣
ȥգŮҲᴦġɫ䣬·ҹɫеǳ
ϸ豳ȥٿһ˶£׷ƮԵúò¶
ľܽؿһۣȻͺԥĽͷתǸ˵ӣһȳһյˡ

죬춷ķš
Ϊ˵Լðˣ´ȾԱûк춷ͬ˯һӡԼȥ˯ԺСһӡ
ҲǷϺľܽظЩɸ˵顣
ֻһ;ȫ۵Ҫľܽضʱûܳס˹ȥ
ʦ㣬ڴϣ˵
춷Ŷģüô϶ŵģҪǱ˽˸ô죿
춷ѱ˵Ĵǰ˯ÿɻãôɫ
˵գָ̧˸Ķͷܵûзַˡ
ʵ̫ˣȻصӵʱʹҴ˯ˣš
ʰһɣǵһȥ
ѽʦҶˣȫʹҲ֪ôˡ˵߲ŷ˷Լ
Ҳ֪ľܽ͹ϸʲôȥˣΪʲôһȫôʹͷ˴һ
ҲѪ衣
һҪúľܽô¡
ȫʹۣ춷ɻĿ
ѽҲ˵壬ȫۡ
ȥҩȲŰɣҩͲˡ
Ե˵ͷ춷ȥҩ
춷ȥҩʱ䣬´˿ȥ˰ߺǰǣͺϾȫ¶˳
춷һžͿӴɫĿⲻЩ㡣
·˸ʲô춷ʵ
ҩ˵ȫҲ֪Ϊʲô춷ģһ𣬷ǡ
ñӵסأƵŮӵǰ
ʦ㣬ҪͿҲ̫㡣
תȥҿ԰ͿǰҪԼ
ȫû춷˵ĿȫǱŵѾ͸˵ĲˣҲǺġ
ԭɾҲẦߵ
~Ӧº󣬾תȥԼıŮɷӡ
춷ѽ͸ҺմЩԼָϣһʱ֪Ӻ֡
~춷һ֣ȴŮһŵջ֡
ôˣ춷Щʵ
ûû£̫һʱûӦԼԼɧŵò˵ˡ
춷ֽſʼͿĨҩ
춷ѸĨҩˬĨһȥⶼ͸һ㡣Ψһȱǣˬʹ뷢һЩ
뵽ֲԾˡ
ˣʣµҩԼͿĨͷ㣬ͿͳҩЧʦҵġ
ȿȡ˼
ϸĻ˿϶һӶκˡ
ôˣ춷Ѻĵһ䡣
ûû¡æ֡
ȵ춷뿪ڵĽƿҪͿĨϵʱֱͻȻŮŵ֣æ¸סǰһƬɫ
Ϳģֿľܽ淭˸ۡ
ʦ㣬Щ˶ôģľܽûװæ׼ʱһ䡣
⡭ϸ跢ЩСִһעͱϸ˴һƣȻ˵ѪϻĵƬ
񣺣
أǿʹԼҪĨӲЦʵ
СĽҲϸһѶϳˡ
ǴܣǶϽģԭŽСִǺһЦ
ⲻǡһѾ
ĸͷ


37 
ٹ˻ľܽ, ͿĨҩͽѴȥ춷ѡ
һűӣۡ
ɫӣѤô࣬ѩ׷Ʈ£Ů˫۱˰, ִһѳˣƯĽ,ӳȦȦ̫, ʹۻҡ
֮,ɫӣԱһնϡ
ֻлȻ䡣
쪡, ŮŽɫ筴һ, һֽϲŵİ¡
춷ѱ֣ˣ
ˡ߽Ц
𶯡Ȼ㴩Ǽ, 춷ȴʶر۾
漴ӦԼڸʲôַǳεĵؽ۾ֻŮӨۺָһƬɫСꡣ
Ҫѧҽ㡣
춷ѵġ顱ע, 񲻺˼رܿĿ⡣
ľܽgu pû, Ҫýôͣ
ĥĥ, һӣ, һ¿ٿԼ´
ʼûҪٻļ
춷ü, ԼԼʲô, һһ˵ôٽ
ʦ㣬ҵĽҵĽˡ
˵仰е, Ըܵ춷ѵļ
εģһ𣿡춷һǳĿ, Ƕˣġ
ҧҧ, ĴתһȦ
ȻûֱӶϳˡһǱ㾴صʦһϵġ
Ȼģ˸ɣ˵Ǵʧٵʱģ˾ͱ㱧ȥˣˡ
춷˼仰٣˵ͷʾɣһѡ

Ⱥ£
Űɵĸ춷Ѻ棬ڸ춷˫ֽмһľĽ˳
ŽףȻдšһ֣ĳңûóùˡ
ѽۣһɻԱжõģʹ㡣ϣܰӳԭãҪŪˡ
ϲĽ춷нӹ
ý˿Ƶķһ׳ͬʱԵùӳһѱʷǧľ
ָĦŽϰ͹ƽĻƣԼԼ·Խϴبżķ
顣
һϧ缺Щͳǽ˵
춷ΪοһЦ
ţ˱һͬ
ʥԺĵ糿Ҫгģһɫİ۳һ۾ͿϮɣǶˡ
ϮվڶŽɣбټ£һЦؿϮ轣
гĳ滹ټء
Уվǰʲô͸
춷˵꣬͸ŽС
ЩǼ춷ѵĵỽʦ㡣
춷ͷʾ⣬վǰ
֮ŵӱҪյ֮һѾѧɼ࣬ǱСһЧˡϹأϸĵ졣
񣺡ʲôʲô
쪡һ˲ȫӵĽѰ/ֻʣ񻹴ԭصȣһȦŶӲذԼĽ/
ʼ춷ѻ£ֻÿһ㣬ԼĽϢ˫ֱǰȻȫڿз𣬲Ƭ̣ͲӰ
޴룬ֻܽͶ춷ѣ춷ѴʱüĿ࣬һȻģһ£Ѹٽջء
Ծ
ֻýһԣѽһӣڶѸ֮٣˫Ͻ˫ܷӹ˿Ŀ/С
ȵȣ⽣ô
һ˲ͣһͣǰıããգӽϵ䡣
˫߬䣬˫ɵýгʦң
˴ӿ¡
ʱѾ§һĻĽҲи󣬰˫Ҳ֪ʱ˵Ĳ
̧գֻŵõɢ㣬ֻõǷ򦡣
ٲץһ㣬㻹Ҫȥһš춷Ѳδֻβϳϵء
춷Ѵӿ£غ˫ŻЩһ£춷Ѳʶطһֱۡ
ɫ죬εεģϵı飬СŮĽߣ࣬л
춷ɫϲŭֻǴ֣
˵ôĬĬţҲҷ
ػԴŮˤʡ
СԽö˵Ȼ󣬲֪ո춷νʲôط
ҹ춷Ѻ
գ㵽дվͿɣע⣬׼Щ涼ǺڼһеӸʳ
Ӧº󣬶˾ͬ齶ߡ
춷Ѿ˯ˣȴ۾
СʦֶտǸûᡣľܽžͻȻ˵
ʲôģģӦһ䡣
춴GÿԽȥ塣
ɶ
ⲻӹϸõ˽˽ͿԽķӡˡΪ/壬ֻҪҾ壬ڽ˸壬Ϳؼˣ۹
ľܽ˵˵žЦˡ
ȫľܽزЦ
֪ΪǲⱵЦһ˿įˡ
˵ڶգ춷ſڣֶȻõİ˳ȥ
ڶҲҪұ٣ʡ춷˵ʱᡣ
ͷȻ춷ĸ׵ע½˴˵е
һľܽԾͼòˡ
ֻܵԴԴĺ˴Լĸ첲Լůһ㡣
ʦⶴȫǱ飬ʲôܸ㵱Ļﰡ
ⶴдֻǼϲ֪ĵطϸĳѩͱȦġֻҪٺٺ١
ðһźߣľܽЦͺ
ܲܲҪôթŮ˺һˣ
ô˵뽫ԼĻǿн׺壿
ǿУнھֱǽ߶Իˡ
ľܽʵԭ򵥴ΪܹϸķĥҲڶģɰ׺󲻻ᱻϸ跢֡
ô׺ѰɣԼعԼ꣬ǱŪƴ֮䡣
һ죬Ҳվذشϸţѩޡ
ľܽ뵽ⲻԾءߡ
ôˣĵʵ
ûʲôȥҰ׺ľܽƽ绨ݱֱ䣬ϧ񿴲
ıߣԲעͻᱻŵı׶ѣڼͷߵġ
˺üȦ̲סˣʦû˵İ׺ⶼ˺öȦˡ
ȱ롣ľܽڰƬ̺Լ˵ȴұƹȥһƬıһţ׺ӦþǶ
ǾΪһΡ˵꣬ľܽ˵·ȥߣȻұתǱϷ覴á
һ΢΢͹ûУ㽫ڱϣôһۣԼͻתһ棬ȻͿˡ
ָһ͹ġ
Сؽڱϡ
䡪űĦűټڻתһٰʮȣæһ㣬űĽһ˸ʺ
ľܽأ
ʹ̧ȥֻһֻѩëƤĺôſڵϣǱ͸žӨĹâͬһžıʯһ
ء
ѣ߹ȥһЦ˵˾䣬~
ֻ׺ȴǺܰĽ߹ͷ­תȥдţʲôû
˦˦֣Ρ
ߵ׺ǰȻ£Ÿš
ЦǺǣȴǰľܽء
ô죿ôɿҲ°
ȰͳҸһʲôùܣҾѾΪһֻˡ
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ʱһֻܵȥ˭裿аرëɫôõĺ꣬ױЩ͵˿ˡ񵭵һ䡣
ǣϸ費ǻûҶƤͿȥĳϷס˵סĵطɱСߴԺöˡ
ǺǺǡ񸽺Ц˼
մľܽصľԻлعͼǰ׺һģӵؿɵһ
˳ǣȻ֪С
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ǺãȰ۾ϣ˾ͽҰɡ
ľܽصʱʶҲŻ磬·һ޽ռ֮УããһƬʲôҲûС
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Ҳ֪˶ã˫ֻһ˲ĺʱԼǰһֻ׺׺һ˫ѩﵹӳӰӡ
ʶٻľܽءֻȴһ˲佫βȫһֻë׵βͻ
һַ΢üͷʦˡ
ǰ׺ԣ֮ǰҪмһۣƵջβͣš
񣺡
ȷϹǰֻľܽء
ô˸ƤҾϲˣ
ϳˣô˵ǰֻȻ˵˻ϸüһƵ
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ܱ𣿡ðŽľ⣬һ
ľܽض˻һŵȻ
һЦ⽥Ũ
ֻѩ׺ߺĽβһգתһȦɫâ۳ӰλɫʣǸǵŮӾôȻǰ
ͤͤѩ¾
ΣľܽصͷŵŮ
ɷϣȷʵһεıľܽؾ޵ˡ
һµľһƳ
ڶڱѩµ
ôֿˣľܽ΢š˫üζ
񡰺ǺǡһȻֽĿƿˡ
СʦãСʦã
ʱһ
æתͷȥľܽء
ľܽȴҡһ䣬ֱ˺ģſڵϣʵëձһϸĻ
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һߵǰЦۣһͷɫľȸռǳ˵㣬һǿסЦ⣬˹ȥ
ʦã䣬һҪעⱣůʦҸķˣȳˡŵſھͳɣ·ʱջȥ
ʦأʲô𣿡
Ŷ㻹֪ɣ˳վͳˣ˳ʦ̸Щ飬ڻûء
ϵĻȡ˵ĻҲͻȻԶĻȴôҲ塣
ͬʲôһ
ʱȫǣϸ裬ˡ
ʶ뵽ľܽظô죿ѲһҪ˻
ллʦ֣ȥˡܵȴֵĿ⣬һӻع
һԼ̬ĨЦݸ˸ݰݵơ
ȺٺһЦ˫չһ죬˼رԴ˵ˣСʦټ
ͷЦӦĿ뿪󡣲Ż겻ŷ裬һͣһеĻصڡ
ⶴԽԽˣִ˴ֱۡ
ſڵϻ׺̧ƤĿƮƮشӹôȥôã
û˵׺ֽ۾ˣû
һԴǲ̵˵ϸ裬ˡ
ԭڵſűĿСİ׺һ˫ӶȻľβʹʱҲȫ
Ŀסľܽأֻǰ׺ëȻЩ΢Ĳ
ľܽںôĿⵣǵĿ
׺ƴݲȵ̬ǾڸǣĿжزסĵ׵Ŀ־塣
ɡģľܽͻȻڣʶԼЩǻŨȴ޷ơ
ͷȻװʳĺӴ򿪣ʦôȳԷڶûʱԲߵġ
ȽеݵľܽصǰľܽǺģۿ˿ϧ۰ӡ
ˣҲԼ԰ɡľܽǿһĨЦ⡣
ĸģʹȥ׺ͷ
ţָвëƤҲá
ľܽȴ˦˸۵Ӹ
ЦЦ˵һľܽǰ˻Ρ
ľܽûϵôԥƬ̺󣬲ƵĽſֱӽι
ɫ۾һ⡣
ľܽس꣬ջľ꣬ԼһͷÿβֱӼһ˾͡
ѩ׺¶֮ɫ˵᲻ģǻҲɣ
񵭵һۣǸˣȻЦ˵˺ܲס
ľܽ԰İͷתѺˣԼŶŰѷʳֳݣһݸľܽأһԼ
˳˷ſպߡ
ʣ˵Ŀպӷڸղ˵ĵط׼ضȴͻȻĨϤӰ
գգ۾ڷȷԼû󣬲ϲĳͷ֡
ĨϤӰôŸ۵ˣ
죬ɣҡ޵ĺ죬ְģ·ܶǰѪ͸˵İ졣
ʥԺϲɫģɣ֮⣬Ǿϵλˡ
ǿʹԼҪµεˣǽڣѣΣ˫ȷ
ϾĶǵ͵¼
ϸסʱµֱӴȥˡ
ֱǿɢѹ·ٶǿֹͣСԾֻסԼԼʹ
üͷԥṦڣѰľܽصӰ
յıңĻаĨӰӣľܽѲ֪Ķȥˡ
Ѳŵ˹ϸϵϢæܵöȥˣ
⣬OO@@ײ
춷Ѻ͹ϸˡ
һԼôš
ǲһɾӳѩ֮ɫһƬѩףӭ
˽ǵ֣üĿ䣬΢ţϸϳеһһתţȻ
žԵøࡣ
ʦãݼʦ춷ͻȻڡ
񲻸ȥϸ¹ϸ軹Ϊľܽء
ۣͷߵϸǰ
ϸһҾ
ʲô֡Ůɤŭʮ㡣
ܵԼ϶Щ亹ǿʹԼƽ˵ͽ񣬰ݼʦ
ô
ڹϸ̧ܣףȫǰ½ǡ
ʦʦÿǵһμ̫ˣԡ춷ͼΪ͵
δ˵꣬ͱϸһϡ
ǺǣȷʵǵһΣ̧ͷ
ԣС̧ͷӳߵȴɫͫŮ˵ɫͫдżֱľ
죬ǿںδ
ϸ̽
ɴǿھǼ
֮ǣΪ˵ڹϸĴԣϸǰǸᣬǾĴ֮׵ĵŮϼĻ֡
ģУ֪ˡŮƶֽ꣬ת춷ϡ
ͽԺҲᴫκιɼǺˣ
ͽסˡ춷Ѵһ
˳źۼؽĿƵ춷ϣȴǺסĻꡣ
ɫɣںڵķ˿溮Ʈºƽʷ·֪ʱͱѩȫڸסһӰ١
Ƥ˫ˮʱԵ
ĨǳЦûˡ
һ˲䱻סһ
񲻾еô
ϸ춷ѺһȦת˼Ȧϸ赹ҲûǸܶļǲñ֪ôһطڡ
Щ죬ǽľܽصİɣǹϸӦǲ֪ľܽظҺ˰
ɻ󣬵ǽŹϸ貽һСҵľܽأʱ򣬺ǺǺǣͲˡ
춷ıúİȫͬڴǰˡ
Ǽ䴫޵㻹ԭζ
뵽⣬ֲȥŮӡ
춷ĿǰδĿǿ۽ǵĺ롣
źɫ벻е
춷ºƢԣǸ˵ģеɾĸоء
عʱöһ˫̹ǵӣ춷ѴʱءĪϿʲô߶ˣ˿ڿˮ
ʦ㣿Żһ
춷ֻǵĿƿĮȻרĿ·ĪҪ񡣡
ЩʣͷƵġ
춷˵ݺû䣬ôĸоôࣿ춷ѵڵһվʲô
ȫ˸Ƶġ
ʱǰŮͻȻͣ£춷Ҳͣ¡
Ե춷ѣֿ˿ǰͣĹϸ衣
ѲħŮǷľܽ
񲻽˿ĭﶼľܽشŹġ
пȥʲôĵطϸͻȻתͷɫء
˵ǲ˵
˵
֯ԣȻֱֱϸɫͫ
Ҫ֤Լû˵ѾҪη۾
ʦһֱǴ붴ڲԶĵطûڶܹ
ϸû˵ǽǡΪĿ⣬ֱֱӭȥʢ·ں罻㡣
ڶӵʱУϸ˫ʺĴţѩ׳ϵ˵Ķ΢졣
ϸ۵𺣬һ£һ뵽ľܽصİΣǿʹԼֹ飬Գһʥ˷
ԼԸܵǿ޲ŵļȡ
͵ΪϸҪٴγʱϸȴǲƿĿ⡣ʲôҲû˵ôһ˦䣬תķȥ
ںֻܸתɺԴģϸôˣӦð
ҲҶʲôôϸ춷͵˶ڡ
ĿԶʱڶǰĿȫǰŮӵϡ
ڷƮɫ˫΢˵ĵۡ¼ټеһ㣬ɾĮȻ
춷µһźɫ룬ЩʹʹΪɰϵĺ죬·ͷѪȾɵġ
ԿĵлӳԼӰӣԼҪȥ۽һĳ嶯
޺ۼ̾˿תȥٿ
ʱ˰ա
ȥסúûһʦ㡣
վǰܸ۵׵İ
ʳָԼã벻۽˳
ЩȻʧЦ
룬λɾǺεȵǳôһأ
˵еĳٳֵġ벻ôˣԳΪجоѵԴͷ

ֻˡ
ȻǰŹϸһߣľܽؾͱĳˡ
ոĶȥˣԼŨŨıԼ˵
һͼľܽأûŵ
ŵϸϵζˣͣȥһ
ľܽؿЩδһ˫ﶼ͸ž֡
ԭĻһ³
ʱȫԼУΪľܽĬĬ̾˿Ҳ˵Щʲô
ֻߵǰļĳȰ˵ʦôҪ˽סԼΪ磬ѭɵĺۼԶȥ͵Уһܵ¡
ⲻľܽ˵ģҲԼ˵ġ
ҲΪʲôÿζѸٵص̬ԭ򣬱˵Ŀ̸ۣ޹ء
Գ̣˶µһнۣԳۣ綼ҪƷģ
ľܽشʱһ˫ˮȴͻȻرס񣬽°Ϳļϣһһ³ҭš
£Ȼѧ춷ǰοĶһһľܽصĺ󱳡
ľܽغ͹ϸùʣģֻĬĬĵߣʱʱ˵ЩοĻ
Ȩ棬Ҳ档
ȵľֹܽͣ˿ʱ˲һԡ
ʱҹӺ䳱ʪΪǱ飬ľֻܽΪ˺꣬һš
ǿľܽصƤëϱĿС
ֻҹУֻܺͰǺһˡ
ʣȫȫ޸С
ѩУѩ졣
һգͥΧˣ޳꣬ѪѪӿһǧٿףһϮ±Ѫ͸
īɣѩ죬Ѫ˶Ѫ˪ΪȻɡ
ɱңʲô
ɱңֹ˵ʲô
ɱҡ
һѪĭ죬˵
Ӧȴֻ޾硣
紩͸½󣬷Ѫ
紵еƬƶ֮أδ߰㳾ҡ
ãá
ʹԲХԲ
ȴŮһģõǰΪ۵Ľ
ɢľ޴óѪкŵѪ˱磬Ҳסٰķӿ
ô泯ѩأƵſţϢֻʣӿ
µѩƬıȾ޵ĺ졣
ӿָ⣬ѩ죬˫ֽһӡϣָһƵĽײ
գoݡ
̨᳾䡣
Զ̨ͣϡ
̨һ˲ȫ˵ıմѪĴ½ǡ
⣬³
һĨЦ˳βµһᣬ˽Ĺںޡ
䶨գѣ
ԸǱۺ
Ը塣
Ը˼ɾ


38 
꽻ӡ
Ȼоѡ
Ů˫Ǿֵҹٿ
¾, ֱƤë֪Լһŵ¡
ͷΣͬʱҲج, ,ֽ̧á
ĺ껹ڷ, ͷȫǷ, ׵
Ҳ˯, ɴ
ⶴ޵ƣ, ģֲָ
Լ½ǣһ, Ϊ̫ˣڵõ֮չȫ
ǿԵ֮ȵĵط, ҲΪʲôὫӵԭ
, ֻܻסԼ˫ϥ, ͼԼůһ㡣
ǲ֪Ϊʲô, һ, ͻ, Ҳ֪Ϊʲôˣۿ˵ͺ졣
ίôԭҲиеίһ졣
ۿ̫ɬ۽ջһᣬʹ㹻, Ҳҷκ, ֻĬĬᡣ
ԺȫǰΡᳯǳЦ, ͻȻֽѪĿ㣬·Լ˱ԲĶˡ

죬ˡ
˯˰ҹлһС۾ʹ
ľܽһ۾Ϳ㲣Ҫ˵ģŵֱӽ˳ҵ죬СʦֶǸʲôȥˣ
ľܽر˵űëβ͸
һɱȥȻͷһַԼϵĴβͣûʲôǱˣһҹû˯
ɵʦֶôҰҺôƤëԸ͵ů
˯̫ˣĴš񵭵Ĵһ䡣
ǰ˵ľܽأȻ۾һɫµµת˼Ȧ
ȻһצӴ˴֣ԴϷʵسͷǸ˵
G㿴Ǹ˭
ָץ˵ټϴʱľƣúܣЩƣֱԵ˭
˭Ĵʦ¡
һʱûӦѭľܽ˵ķȥ
ȻǼǱѩŮӡ
ŮʳУһĮȻء
ҽʳһԡҴҶľܽ˵꣬ȻԼСܵڣ춷ѵĵ
ʦ㡣
춷첽Ļһ
춷ѽſڵ⿪߽Уʾӹ
ЦŽӹȻʳзڵϣһº͵ؿ
ôˣ춷ɤĮȻ
ʦ㣬𣿡ŮβȾ˾ƺɫ˵̬ȴǳġ
춷Լ˼ȻŻشС
ʮĮľܾȫǲݾܾࡣ
ʦ㡣
һһӿȥסǰŮӵ֫
춷ûϵͻȻסԽӲ£˫Ҳ֪÷ô޴ȹߣ˫ۿնŮںڷҡ
ôԴľѣݺݵᾡϵζ
̰ϵϢĨϢһ뿪ͻ᳹ҹߣƵȥѰңҲøһա
춷û˵ֻ˫ַסļȻ˿
ʦãء
ҭ£Ȼ̧ȥ춷üĿȻ˫ɫͫ澡ǲɣ⣬ǧʱȻ
ʦ㣬˵еβֵġŮ͸һ˫ۣ԰׵Сϻŵۡ
춷ɫһ٣û˵
˵ģǶͬһʦµĽãķĿɳ㶨һȥ顣ѵЩ㶼ô
ѹʣǵȴ˶ૡ
ǰҶ˵һУԳɹ̣ڻĮȻæ˵
ôǫѷº͵һˣΪʲô˵ĻôĹǣĺʳһ䡣
þԭأҧǿŲˮ£һһٵʳɹǣطأ
ҲⱾ֮ɣ˵ġ
ʣ͸޻һܣһҲʲ£ϲ
֪ˣллʦ͵ʳҾȥˣ
𷹺˵ʱ˿ǻԾһô˳չ¡
ܵǰ˲Ŀ⣬æз£ӺҲöûǱӡ
ϧΪʱ
춷㿴ˡ
λɾšüһĿȴǲΪɶվһԾo
ϵɫȻֻǱ΢΢
ţ꽫зԭصȡǡ춷˵꣬˵ͷȻȻ뿪ˡ
ıӰȥįʳл˶
ôȥôãһҪӡſŵĺѩ׵Ķβҡҡ
ûʲô˵ЩѡʳзڵϣӴ򿪣ȻȫƵľܽصǰ
ľܽؼɫԾԾر죬ĬĬͷŷ˫ֱϥľܽ١
ľܽصĳ̫ѿ񿴲ȥǰ
ⶴǰ··֮ͨһƬյأר׺Ǹġ
ߵߣ΢΢ͷͿƾź峺Լģ˵աŷ֣ԭԼ۾Ȼ׵ô
ԡ
ִս˿ͷôĵӳ³˰׵ģľܽҲû
أ񾪿ֵ̧ͷ
Ĺͷʲô¡
·ӡʲô
һž޴ӰŲ
񲻸ҽУֻϢ뿪Ȼȥҵľܽһ̽
˻𼱻ǵܵľܽ˵鲻ԾͻΪΣһſⰶϸϸĦš
ŶǸһľܽС˵
㲻ʥԺиʲô᲻֪һĵľܽء
ⲻŵ˼곤Ͼ¸Ǻűӡסġ
ľܽػһתɫأ
ҲӡӦǺܾǰˣеҪƵļ󡣡
Ǹô죿
ƣֲƣʲôⲻһǾͿԳȥ𣿲ôù±ϰɡ
ղŻţһʽӵʱľ̯̯֣ܽһ͸תˡ
ǡҪĳʲôô죿ֹ˵µá
ܲΪľܽصһ͵ġ
Ǻǣô죬裡
ⱵЦУˮƬЦľܽصЦҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼû˻졣
ʱǱźġ
뽩Ӳؽת
һȫۼ׵Ĵӣһ˫ɫͫӳĹ⣬ʱء
ڴѹȸѸٹȫѪҺѪһᣬ֫һ˲Ӳ


39 
̺, ߴӺеԾǧˣ񼸺Ѿŵˡ
˵ﵽж߸ֻ֪Ҫǻ˶еµİɣΡΡ, һ۷ȥ, ֱ˯ѩˡ
ȥ,ȶסһʱ䡣
Ҵҵͷ, Ⱦܡ
Ǿ͵䡪һ, ڱʱٿͣסȥĲӡ
Ӳػ, û־ͱǰľŵÿɤС
ľܽѾһβɨǽȥˣȫѪֻ˺, ׵ëȫѪ죬ʺɫ
춷Ѹǰ۽ٻ
Ҹƴˣὣ̤űһԾ
;޴󣬵Ƕȴ, 䵽ĸǰ, ˫ָǽʵİɫ, ˫תȦ, Ȼͬһֶ
۽ô˳Ĳ/ߵĸ
ǴߺƸоʹһ, ϵ۽, Ȼͱأֽ֣׼ȷĽס
߾ȻûзŭǽǱƽӴͷ񻺻, һ˫ܵͫɫĹ, һƬīɭ֡
˫Ŀԡ
ǶԴӱ˴л࿴ԼĵӰ
ҴһµģǿߵӾͲ²⵽һֻ鶼ͷˡ
Ȼ, һķ紫
űʪϢԼëϣֻ÷·ڱߣŵʺޱһ뼸µٶȣ²š
ͷϻۼףôϣе΢ʹ֮⣬ѵ
߾ȻѾ֪شյǰΪ˰ȫҲʲôٶֻܽġ
ôĬ˺һ
ԸܵѾȫմĺ
ҪὣһʱͷȻ뿪ˣϢΧûôϢ񰵰һʱȫǵ̵β˵ľͳ˦
žһײıľײ¼
ʹš˫üȫҪϵһ㣬кסѪǳɹɳɹӿ
࣬ͷȻȻĿԴӺֱӵ棬Ҳľܽر˦ĵط
ǰͭ廹Ҫ۾߬סһϵ
ȼӴ׾ٵظƤ˽ȥ
ûб۾ǽһ˫˫ɵԲ˫۾úʱӿɽһ
ȥֻ׺һϢſţ˵һò
ǻ˻ûждľܽأȻԸ֣Ϊʲôأ
񽫽ڵϣŽ˵ΡΡվ˫ۿɼĶڴŲ
ȴͻȻЦˣЦǻѪ
ѩŮ½󴦶͸Ѫ⾲ױУǧīƮΨǲЦϡ

ЦźȻ̧ȥеߣҪɱ㡣
Ů˵ⷬʱƽòƽִŹӺ⡣
£³˽ٶȵصĥ󣬵϶һɫۡ
ٴηԾУէ֣ӳϣ۵һƬ⡣
ݣαΡ˫һӡԲһӡͬѸٵеĴӿȥ
ţִ۽Ծ˫һﵽ˴ߵͷϣסͷϵۼף⻬ͷǲܣ/ҲѾͷϵĺˮʪˣֲڵġ
ͷ˦Ҫ˦
ȴǷŸӣȥסߵƤס
Σյĵطȫĵط
˦ķԽԽɴ໻һֻסһֻһֻסֽ¡
۽ŮݺȻ¡
۽Ľͷһ
һԴѪڿľͲסȵľңֱɹ˦¡
ء
ŮڰлһĻߣ˺ֱײϣʹ÷סԴӷŶѩſš
ˮϢӿѾܺñ븹е׼ˡ
Ȼ쪡һϮ
һɫڿзǴߵͷ
Ťһ黨βҲžžžˮаڶǧɰɫ˻ѪſɫԼףڡ
ۣǧһ֮ʡ
ѭȥͫڼ˵һ˲
ֻ춷ѵӱԵ͸ŲɫĹ⣬һֳֹһְֳɫϣ뷢
һž޴ӰˮѸٵĳ
춷΢У뷢֧߶ӾͻӵˣɫС
춷ѳż϶æü䣬Ӹվ𣿡
ͷ˫ֳ춷ѵֱվ΢Աһ춷ѱ㶮˼˳ĿԱȥ
һͷѩëĺҪ̱ţƤëϻմƬƬѪ
춷תͷȥ񣬶ԡ
䡪һ޺Űɫһɨ

춷ֱ۵ǰ˼ȹһմˮ
æ춷ѵ֣Ѹܹȥ˵ľܽرȻֶ㵽춷
ȽʣµĽҡ춷ɫ
УҺһ𡣡˵ʱ˫üо͸ŨŨġ
춷ѿû˵˫вκζУ·һûĿܡ
ֱֱʹʹҲҪ
ǺãСĵ㡣
춷˵꣬תȥֽٻأзŰɫâͬһִġ
ϣ̤һԾա
춷һĽϱű
õ۽ͷ춷ִǰɫһ³
춷Ƿ˫΢㣬һϵ𶼱ȥۿžҪߵԴ
ȴԴһ㣬ˡ
߽ȫ𣬵ס˴ɫһ˲Ļʱȫ
Ϣ˫ָ˳Ž⣬һֱɫߡ
˫ɺ죬ѪٶſټںˮҪ˶ڡ
̵Һ彦ϣѪζȫϸġ
һڣۡǵѪƷʲôչüͷһ̾
춷ʶػһۣڵУ
Ȼһټĺ⳯춷ѽ½½ȻתڵϣŹ鶯Ĳӣ̤ɫ⣬ַԾϡ
Ѷײڶ֮ƵٶھԷ̤š
ͬһ˦ӡҪһư춷¡
ģȴֻһɫӳŹԷҫâ˺üȦֱ˾ߵüϡ
춷Ѵȥ·ˣֻŮüչ΢ǡ
춷ϣޱ飬ɲҲֻһȫĵط¡ž߶ԭط衣
۽ô˾ߵü룬ӴߺԵöСĽĻ
춷ٽԼѱǳ˽˳Ҫž߷ٲһ
ǳ˽ĽһοյģмӲ֪ΪηҡţΣȻѹ֮ɵ
ǳ˽ֱֱ壬һʱƤϵĺڴ֦̽ڵء
ڲƤ纵Եأһһ飬춷ѺֱŻٽһӡټɫͼͷϷֱ¸ھϡ
춷ѽŵгģ˫ӣ˫ʼǱֽӡǸٿڿն𣬱е޵Ľɫչס˰ߺɫ죬Ǹ߿˻󷢳
ī
ա
Ժ촽³һ֣߱㻯һ⣬춷еĽ
춷ƮƮȻӰ£
߰ɣҴ
춷˵ʱ˿Ʈͬɷǵɾһ㣬еڡ
һʱ񾹲֪


40 
ȥľܽغᱧ, Ȼߵ춷ԣۺﲨ˵ʦ, ߰ɡ
гô, 춷ܹϸ֮ٴηӡջصġ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô, ϸξȻѵõΪ˸, ׼ٴһ, Ƕ˾ôһ
ڻԺ·ϣǡӭĹϸ衣
춷ϸ˸, Ҳѧ춷ѵĶҪϸһҾ
ϸȴʱסɫ, ͫ糺죬Ŀ, 㻳бʲô
ΪѰסľܽص, ϻѪ͸
ϸԴӿʱ, һֱеһС, ǹϸĿ̫, ʲô߶, Խľܽص£һЩ
ǣһֻꡣǿװ򶨵ش
ꣿϸβϳµĿ
ϸ賤ۣԭ, Ǹŵǰ˸롱ơ
㽫ƿ, ҿ
˫־סԼѣŤһŽƿ, ϸɫЩ΢Сı仯˫ͫ΢΢ָֻ
ֻһѩ׵ĶڸѪɫϣĺӻ˼Щβ룬ģ΢㻬
ıꣿϸʵ
һ涴﷢ֵġֻܶһʵԶԹľܽظϸֻ껻˻顣
ϸ΢֪Щʲô
ǰƬ̣ȻŶ˵
Ұɣһڵģ벻ˡϸ˵꣬Ҫȥӡ
ȴһܿ˵ʦո˾ߵĹȫѪҵĲãҴȥϴһ͵ȥ
һ˵ǫѷ񣬺Ϊϸ롣
ˡϸ˫ֳ
ĥĥԱߵ춷ѣ춷ҲŴͬ
ͲϢգӻɵĿ⣬ջǽľܽϵСؽľܽص˳ȥ
ڵݳȥ䣬ϸָףˡ
ǵĹϸ᲻ڷľܽغ󣬾һֽˡ
ֻϣľܽᱻ
ƴҪɱĳңʱȴ˼ңԸ֪¡
ľܽϵĬ飬ӷ𡱣Ȼ䡰𡱣ֻүүܱ
գ춷վԭأĿ͹ϸ豧ֻĺ뿪һֹƽ
ǿŵ޵ζֺˬϢƢúܡ
Ķ˰ᵽȥˡ춷䲻ͻȻһ仰
ȥĲӺȻͣ£ͬסƵġ
á񵭵ӦһǿʹԼôį
ǲסԼʧίǻͷ©ôһЩ
ֻǿװЦգԼ춷øЩ
صԺʱ춷ѺվԺţ˽ƮȻüĿȻ
վԺſڣֵ
ߵǼӣ춷ѻشǰһסǼ䡣
춷ѵע£һ춷ѻ˻֣ʦټ
춷ͷûһҪߵ˼
ֻҧ´ڱ˵ע»˷ͷǼӡ
ҹ䣬ϵƱȼžĻ졣ֻ˼ۣ˫Դڰǰ
ľԴľοգ»ӳɵĻƷܣͷҶҹ紵ҡҷɳɳ졣
ˬҹ紵ķ˿Ҳ֪ԼЩʲôֻǾķſģԼòţ˶Լ顣
ͱ˵춷ѾһӣѾûȥΪʲôˡ
յõ񣬺ĵĻ
ŨŨҹɫУһĨ»·ⷢĿ
ǿնһӱţĿȴǲĨӰ뿪֡
ǲ֪ΪʲôŻֻһĨӰվ¹£ȻִӰĨӰ
GС椶˽ɽ̫ðɡ
Ȿµ£ӦǶȥԭǲġǳϻᵣǶçײ»ʥԺԲһɽ⼸ˣ͵ЪŰɣ˰Ѹٻͳɡ
ŮӵĻû⻯ҹɫС
¹£ǰЩ˵죬һҪһ
ͨ죬˫Ҳһ˲ǾͬʱԺҲһֱŮӸո˵Ļ
Ĭ˺һ׼ʹϨƾޡ
ɾ͵ҪŴϵʱ򣬺Ȼһ˫ҹз۾ҹɫԣĿԣаС
ɣ춷һֱһҲ¹⣬˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
Gôû˯أ콫ʰãʱһɽɣվΧ
ʶȥ춷ѣ˫˪ίˣҲ֪ɣΪԲõģҪھܾ
ȴһŮϣֻ춷վ»£ȻˣȻû˯ǾͿȥʰɽȥһЩ顣
£ͷ絷⣬źھȥ˰ʱװõء
񽫰ϣƿš
ҹЩ󣬴ɢޱߵļ鷢磬߹ȥվ춷ԡ
ɣϮվһԣǶ˹
ɣ˵ȻˣǾ̰ɣ

ҹԺ棬УԾֻ˼ƥͨİɫΪǴ˷ɽ
ʥԺĵһɽ
ϣɽ·᫣һֱԱߵȥ춷̩ɽλ춷
춷ѱ˫˯Ƶġ
һ죬ÿζ춷߻˼ֲʲôӦεġ
춴ʦ㣬㵹ۿСʦðʲôˣҲչһɣͻȻڣͶɣǱߡ
ֻбϣﻹ§ϮϮԹԵĽԴļϣɣֹϮĺס
ⷬ½ŵòС
ѵǻûڵ𣿻˵ЩûŵĻ
춷˫ڰͦıһɫе䣬ĲԾ˿ĭ
ͬʱҲڴ׻˵ЩʲôֻηӦ
ʦҪǾɽ᫣·ϵʵķסҵ֡
񣺣
õҲұֵ̫ԣֻܽεεӦһллʦ㡣
һ£ͻȻת䣬һұ㵹Ҳ˳µĴ춷ѵֱۡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôͬҲ춷ѵĻ
춷ѱŮ˸
ıһСײ춷ϹŵΣᶼײˡ


41 
ʶԴӴһ
˶һؽŲϡ
춷ѻ, Ůϵ㣬ͷҲǿƬҹɫ֮,ڰе̲סһ졣
ƽȺ, Ŵ춷ѻ̧ͷ̧˲һεĿԡ
Կеϸ΢â, 絭»һ
Ǿڰ, ҲĨȥĹâ
춷ںҹпϵı, ҲȻûŮѳ˵Ĳ
֪춷һؽͷת˹ȥԼԾش춷ѻȫ
֮һСξ롣
ںҹ, нֻʣһƬž
ɽҰ᯼ţֻгʯ·Ұݵϸ΢, еĿҲֻǳϼ΢ĺ
ҡҡ׹Ƥص̧۵Ҫ
Ǿʹ, Ҳ˼Ͽһ㡣
Ҳ֪˶, ģģʱ, ͷѾַֿ˵ļˡ
ҲΪʱпʱʹӲ, Ų̧ͷ, һ̧ŮҪǧе
紥, ձ
ǸʵǵֲסŮӵ䡣
춷û˵ʲôջĿ⡣

Աߵɣⳡ, ͻȻЦ˼, һֱתǶϡ
ûغһۡ
ɣȴǡ̬˿ҫζ춷Ѻ, ڳ˯ϮԼ§§󻹹⽫ԼͷϮͷϣ°Ͳ˲Ůķҡ
񣺡
ʦ㣬ͷиŮεǰ
ͷʻĵתƿ
Ů춷ѵૺ˶ʹ˸ȻԼͷӣų˳ȥ
ſڴߣͷ̽˳ȥ
߼춷Ѻӵסˡ
ģģɼŢ·ϵһŮ
һ˰æӳųһɣ⻳§˯˵Ϯɣ⳯ʹ˸ɫ
ȹȥˡ
ʶƮµ˿˿б꣬ĹڽëϡͷȻҲҪˬö࣬΢Сķ磬·Ұݾ㵹Ʈķ˿Ƶסߡ
ֽ繵ķ˿ִ˴춷ѡ
춷ѻعͷû˵ʲôһ֮Ÿ߽ࡣ
ôˣ񲻸ȥ飬תעչȥ¿һۡ
ȴϵŮ˴
ŮһѪѾòˣϵѪҲѪҰɫıţʱϢŢĵϡ
µѪˮһȦȦɢţǰµѪɫҲˮ嵭ࡣ㣬εδģһ˵ϡһ۽ǻ¡
ǹӴŻŵĺ˿Ҫнľˣ˿ĭҪȥ
̤һͱ춷һס춷ͳǰδеأҪðȻж۲һ¡
˼˻ᣬŵŵŮ˻ص춷ԡ
СɽУͻȻֵѪŮ
ǹסɽȥ·ɻ󲻽⡣
춷ǰȥ˫ָŮӣҲ鿴˺󣬲վǵ˵ͷ
еǰŮ˼ŮŮɹ˳С
춷ϳƿϵŮʱ鲻һ١ȻȻŮԱߡ
֮ʹ˸˸Ů
ɣŸӣܲмӴǼʲôණµ¡
ʰǶɽ̯֮ӣǴĻҲסˡ
һ˸𣿶˵زһƻûһƳأ˵ݺɣƺһ
춷֮˸ˣѾܵ춷ɢŭˡ
ҪǳԱȴȥռ£ǴʥԺֵĻǾͿһȥˡ
˭ҪǻʱӾͻӵɣȥ
춷˵һ䣬ɣⶥһ䡣
춷Ƕˣ˶Ҳûٿǻ
ڽĬĬԱŶ˶̸ҲǰΪʲôҪҹͻȻɽһԭί˵Ĵš
ֻЩƣûãѵҪһǡսʽ춷ѻסڹ

һҹ˯˯ѡ
峿µǸСˡ
Ҳ֪ɣôһƫƧĵطȻϮռҲ֮еġ
ȥ˼ҿջ׼ʹš
ɣ⽫ŮɣͻȻʲô˿һϢŮ˵Gڶһˣôַѽ
ȸλﵥһ䣬ҽȥΪˡĶϴסһ䡣
춷ѿڣͺɣ⽫Ů͵һ䷿ȥˡ
ǽŮڴϣ춷ѺϮҲһ˽
춷żˣ˵ܳͶ٣λҪû¾ȻطЪϢɣΪ޸һ£ȻǶȥ̡
ɣ˵ͷʾϮû˵ʲôֻ춷˵󣬾һˣɣںſ˲׷ȥ
һʱ䣬ֻʣ˶ˣһԲѵŮ
ʦ㣬һɡŵԼȹһǣһ˫дС顣
춷ѵ˵ͷͣһ£Ȼƿˡ
õ׼֮վ춷ԣȻ춷ɲȲģԼȴһۡ


42 
춷һƽŮֱ
Ů,춷ԼƵŮ
ֻ˫ָ𣬷ۺ˫΢,ʲô, ֻգƬ֮,ɫ鲨ȫ, ЩӶʱ硣
վһ, űӵŮӣûκ, ˫Ϳնӱ鲨ɢĹȾ˼
춷ֽ̧һӡӡӿȫŮ塣
Ƭ, 춷ѱ㼰ʱ֡
δķ˲̫ܽƣ㵽ֹ߰ɣط
춷أ˵, Ȼַվ, ŮְõϺ, Ϊ˱ӡ
ոһǌ˵ġ
һˮ, ȵ춷ߵʱŻع, Ӧٶ۵ĵ˵ͷ, Ȼ춷󣬶һ˷
ڴϣվǰ۵ŮӣǱ, Ǵɫ, Ŀ
ȻԼѵõЩ죬Ȼ˵ֻǲô, Ѿܾû춷һͬ齶ˡ
ѪѾ׼ÿʼΪ緢ˡ
ټ⼸춷ѵČ̬ȣҲǹֽŵġ
춷ѽ۴ϣؿ˵
۾úЪϢһΪг׼
춷˵֮Լǰ
ǰˮŮӣɻ󣬡ʦ㣬ϴ˯𣿡
ˡҾСһɡ춷⼸ղ֪ıЩݣĵ
˵ҲǴƣľ⡣
˿ĭЩʣû˵ʲôˣֻһǹŵͭɫǹϵӲ¡
кµһ˲ǿԿµ򦣬һ˫촽ϼ
ȫ£סͷһСͷкĳ⣬ǿ͸ֵܹӰ
񽫱ӸסԴɴֱӱ۾ǿʹԼϿ˯ȥǿʹԼҪЩеûˣ

ȵʱѾˡ
һֽƿȴǰľŵòг
ʱ춷ܽûйҫһˮʱؿءˣ춷ѻһ۲գĿ
Щ˼ؽĿܿһʱ䲻֪ģܻŵΡ
˾ʰԼ㣬ȥݷôЩǡ춷ƿĿ⣬팝˵˺뿪ˡ
ľŹϵЩ±Ƶ
춷˵ȥһϵɫƤƤϱԺƣһͷ˿˸βˡ
һװ絹ֱĨȥɽСʦõ˼ֽŮžԼȻƿš
ɣϮҲѾˣ춷һͷֻǡ˵Ůˣ
ɣǿѰҵĿ⣬ɻ飬ЩŮ޶ˣˡ
ȥ춷ѣ춷ɫҲ̫ãе㲣΢ӣûиܵߡ
߰ɣ̡춷ûἰŮ˵飬ֻǼ򵥵ĵһ䡣
Աȴɣռĵط
ʱռúܣΨһƮȻǰûһӰΨʯϵҶ졣
Ÿͷͷ۾һֻ۾û飬˵ֻϷֻʣ۰ף۰Ҳǻǵãཬˮǰ㡣
ɣ춷ӣ춷ǰȥʵϲɷѯһֵ׵Ǽ顭
춷ѻû˵꣬ͷ̧ϸƽͣ΢׵Ƥѹ۾̧ǵ۰ûйԡ
ƴһĿɨϹŵľƣȻ˵С޹أλɾҪҪϸ¾Ͳˣذɡ
ϲʵ˵еļӾеĵˣҲ֮£뻹λһȻ̺֮𡣡
춷ͫɫ޵סһ˵壬Ȼ
ǣɼҵҵȷ˰ܹģλɾҪĻСͷʲô֤ǵȥܺ
ܺ˶ˣ˭ȥɣվЩ١
ͷݺݵбɣһۣȻ˵Ҽǵ㣬СȥһĳѪİɡ
ͷ˵һһ٣Ҫһ
ҡɣɴһ϶ֲһ䣬һƽķɵûôȷǱģռ׼ߵʱҿǺúõġңҲЩʲô£Ӵˡ
ɣƮƮ˾䣬أǳ//Ȼв
λϲ˵أ춷ǵ̸ǰɣǰɫֱʵ
ͷƤɫƤ˺öΣͬһ⣬мдŲмߵʱƲʲôٱһƹ˼ϳ¾Ե޹ʵˡý˵ʱ˫˫ðѪʬ廹δգλɾȥɡ
춷Ŀڱ̧֮óϸķ۵İϡ
л

﷿ƣЩ˺СһȦһ˶ûڳҲЩũҲôС±ɣ顣
ͷԭ򣬴Ҷÿ£ͷԼԼ顣
춷߽һũĸ˵ô֮ǰ¼Ѫһµġ鷳ڳʱʲôֵ𣿡
춷˵꣬ӻóһöơϸйĦһȻԼýƻ
۾һ춷ѵݸϸľȻʥԺ
רִ䷢ƣƾɽţ֡
λɼңһҪ°Դӳ֮Ǵ˿þ͸ˣϸЩס춷ѵ֡
춷ѳһЦԸ̸£
վ춷Կ崺ЦݣЩ㶣ĨЦΪ춷ѻָǰģָĵĴʦ㡣
ϸȥϸɷΪ˲裬Ѳģǲɣš
Ҳռϰ˵Ĳ࣬ǲ˵ɫʡ
ϳǱһһĵ˲Ȼ˲þˡ
ϳ°Ұζɽ˼Ҫ޳ɵĻƴɣƴ˻ϳһڿˮʲôҲû˵һѲӽɱˣûȥƤƴɵб٣ͻɱϳ±˳𡣡
ϳиŮǹˣ㽫Ů𱣬ŮĴԹޣ͹ɱˡ
Ŀǰļ˵˵ϲ˵һ˿ڲˮȻּ˵
춷˫ֽϣ۾˵Ļû˿Ϊ˵ж಻ʵʶӡ
Ա͵ŮӵĲգ˶ʢյȥˣò˵Ů뵽ͻȻʶԼˣ͵ػع˵Ļ
ҲҪÿһ¡
û˻ϲˡ


43 
, лλϡ춷ѵһлȹȻվϴвʧº͵Ц⡣
һµ̶֪, ȻȥǸӡ
·춷ѻɣϮһЩ⡣
Ϊʲô춷䲻ĵһ䡣
, ˵, Щ, ҲŴġɣܲͷ˵, ˸ۡ
Ƴʲôͷ, ֱķˡ
춷ӵĿɣ⣬ɣ˫ȴǹһ죬⻹ϮǱ
ȻҲע⵽ɣⷬСġ״, µҲ˸š
˳ΪϮɡ
Ϊɣⰵ̾˿
ɣͰ˺һ󣬡ϮģʱҾ򼦣Ϯǰ, ͹ǲĶɧ/Ϯ, ȥֹ, ӻһФ룡ӦõģʱкܶΪǹƺȲء
춷ѿ, û˵ʲô
ǽɣ⿴, ɣһ, ƿ۲ٸӡ
ǰȽưܵĲݣԺҲҪ˼С࣬ӹ߽ϰǻǿڷһڱĹײġ
ǶԶ˵ǴڳΪõ, Ҳƽʱ˲ķϡ˵иŮ, Ҳ֪˵ѡ
ʲôɱйҲǵ;˵ģǼ˭Ҳ˵
춷վڹǰ, ˫ַűأʹ˸ɫɣһѽǰεԴȻվڹײһߡ
ǱģɾûȾϰ㳾ңʳָһ˵ļҪ⻬
һʱһ̧춷ûпֻʮָסײİ档Ȼ̧ۣ˵
ʾ⣬ͷ
һ
׸Ǳƿһźͫ΢æϢʶ˳ְ춷Ѹϡ
ɣ⼸ҲʶסϮĿڱǡ˾ô־Ĭ˭Ҳ˵
춷ѸܵһȴһʱûӦֻԭشţû©Ů΢֡
춷˳߿ȥֻкγɵĶӿ
˾ϢԴ˺þãʼɢˣʶԼʲôƵջ֣ȥ춷ѵ飬λɾֱɱĺı
֪ǲû춷ѵԭҲôźɢһˡ
춷Ѻյǰһ
ǹһӣϵѾԭɫˣǿԲµǱѪ͸ġ
źħ춷Ƴ˵ء
ħһ䡣
춷ָ߽Ӳ߶Ųһ飬ǿ󾱴һ˵ĵطǱħֺµӡǣֻеȵղŻ¶
Ǿ֤ģɣ˫ֻǰüһ
ǵýɱħ춷ɫᶨ
£ͷҲ֮£ɫϼӰ߲һأķ紵Ҷӻ졣
⼸վڴнޣ顣
Ŵȫϣ춷ѻش˲˽硣
ĽһȼŵͲİС죬϶Ⱦ˳¾ɵůƹɫ
⼸ҹǾͶڳǰʬδħﶨȻûٴδݻһůɫƹҫ£춷üĿȻԲ϶µۿۺ졣
ɣ֯߼ȻųʵΪʲôɱ˳ͽʬһҷأαֵȵҪʱ
ܴħһˣȻûɱȫˡóαװһߵϮǴߵĵһˣȻЩμģӴʬĴ񣬶ᱻαװɡȾ˳ˮ۵αװһʮʮ٣һ⡣ħڶõɱˣҲǡߡıڵǹıɱֳܻҲпһһһ
춷ʯȪҧȻ˵ʱ΢΢۲ˣһ̳ϽµĹžơ
²Ȼ춷ѵǸˣĿ͸ˡ
һϯ˼ϸ档
ò׵ȵҹɫ٣˶˯˵ʱ򣬼˲ź˳Ĺײǰ
춷ѴӻͳһȻ˶Ϸ
㵱ǵĹأɣ״ɵҹЦһЩ졣
벻춷ȴûп֣Ԥһ
ɣҲǳ׶ˣԼĬĬϽǡ
ϮλڶϽǡ
춷λڶ½ǡ
λڶ½ǡ
˸һǣ˵ͶµӰҲȫûڰɫС
Ҳ֪˶ãҹҹϮƿоľšϱ˵ӰǶҪһͷȥˣģģмһεĺӰȻߣһ˫ҹɫжȻ
һƣŶԭͷӵӰҷ
ŵ¼֡ʱ¹峺ҹ΢ˮƤܲסⶼ´żܡ
ͷһƫĿͶذҪٴαʱٿһ
ԱŵҡҷĿ£ˣ
ʱо׹ɱߣ崻һƬã˫΢ţ겻ҪٴȥǰȻŴȴһ˫Ѫ
ҡමȻ©һģʱ򣬲ŷԼ亹Ѿֹס˳ű
춷üĿȻʱüһصĿܲ
춷ʳָڴ˸ơȻĿͶһ
˳ĿȥֻɣϮҲһԭˣ˵Ǹû˯ֻһֱһµ״̬
ǧһ֮ʣʱžϢͷҹ紵ҶҲԶΣǵӰҹ
Լĺ¾ʲôԼǿңҪš
ȻУǰɫƮȻӳ
󣡡
춷Ϯ˫ֽһӡ˳һɫǽķǽΪƣΪ֧ķһ֡
˶С
㣿ɣѿڶ
ԣ̧ȥǡħգ벻Ǹ·ʱǸѪŮ
ŮɫĮȻƳ˫мдŲм
Ϊڴˣ춷΢̧ף۾ʵ
˷ҹǰΪ˹Ҹһۡ
Ҹ춷Ƶ˫ü΢š
ҸɱǴӾǸһ۵ġڰ·ϱŵĻư㣬ΪˣʬҰȴ룬ûǡ
ŮϿʲôɫһ˫ͫɫԵɭ¡
춷΢ףΪóһ
Ů߽ڹײǰԶԶһۣٿرסȵͣ˹ײϷ
ݵбסֵ춷ѣʱϢȫȻһ䣬úݶ쳣߹ǡ
أһҪѣȴȻأ춷΢УЦЦش


44 
ʲôأ춷߱, ΢յŮǰ˵ȻڣָסŮҲյ
Ů˫Ŀص, Ҫǧˡ춷Ƶ, ˿Ļ
Ů뿴, Ҳֵ˵𣿡Ů䦺, ˵̬, ȴּġ
ֲ춷Ѳ˼ػشּʱһ, ҲŹֻǵĿô򵥡
£ٿһת, ӰǰԾȻͷŵǽ󷨽й¶һ谭Ůȥ·ͬʱ, ҲΪȡ˵ʱ䡣
˱ֱ, ڶһ, αóһѽ, ָͷ
ҹ֮ȡ
Ʈ֮, ֮, Źܵĺ֮
ǰŮȻɵɫӰʧһ㣬ûƬڰ
䲻ݷһʲôԴȼȫһ, ⳯ǰһ, 񣬿糸, 
쪡һлȻ˫ۡ
̵Ů춷ôжںηģ
ٽȥϮϮ˫ָ£ָӿһСֱͷϵĽ
ƣӿȪĽֱͷڼ󷨣Ϊ󷨹־øǿһ㣬ΪҲܵ˴˷ϵħ˵ѹ̫أһͲǸöԸļһ
ʱڽ°иǹ롣
а
һһ㣬ͱһֻ§һ㻳Ǽʱ䲻ǳʪľĵζһΪϤ㡣
ͷ˵ľѣϾһ佣ĥУɫϵӳŮȾʥĽɫգͬ˵Ĵ˷
ۣǷ裬춷˫ָ£ڴ䣬ھһӻóһŹɫֽ
ɫɫѪ죬ʱ΢΢¶׵ıݣֹסԼĿ⣬һֱ˫촽Ծػ¡
ŮˣĺˣֱҪյȥˡ
ԼҺɣ֡춷ѵһ䣬һԼг
ϾСʦò޸ûδѧʲôӲ£͸Ըô׵ħɲʲô֮е¡
ɣ춷ѲСһźɫ⣬ɫӿͬʱ͸Ž⣬һʱ䣬ڵĹȾ϶ɫʣͬٶ뻨һŲʡ
ȫǺôֱܷʵģɣ⿴춷ѵĲɵѹ˵
춷Ѳ˫ָ£˫ǱҫԭͫӾ͸ŵ죬ѪˮɢһƬ
ֻݱ׷µ۵Ʈڻشɣ⡣
춷ǰƬ̣ȻƮƮػصײġ
ɣһ춷ѳͷᵽڵͷ
ٿأɣһȥ־ҪײľȻ˦һߡԹײӿźϻŸ˵ģ
ֻ٣û
ź֪ǲŮļȻͱʶһ֮ͬϮ֮Ʋɵ
ɣ⽫׼ź͵ʶһʲôŽ꣡
£жںĹâ㣬͵źϡ
Ķսй¶ϣվڱϮһй̵Ѫ
Ҫóʵʱɣֽ̧ӡ˫ѪѪͷϷһ󣬴󵽿Ҫӳ󷨽Ϸ
춷˫ͫһǰȻȵɣ⣬ֹס
µɣ¶˫ӻ˿޵Ц⡣
춷Ѻ촽һֱߣ˾ȻҪٻɣǵĹ
ԳѪ򲻵ѲٻͣһٳƽϢ
ԲʬѪǧȻ޴棡
Ҫ飬Ϯ𣡡
ۼɣѾ߻ħٻˣ춷ƳϮæסɣ
ѪɣȴǺȻͣеĶͬʬһ㣬Ӳתͷȥһ·°ͻڵѪϮ
Ů˱֧űҪϣɣ˫ĿһŮ趯
Ѥӣ׻͸Ž⣬һԵôʥ࣬ӣѵҪݻ

ɣһѪĭͷϷѪɫֱȫʧΪֹ
ʱ⣬ͣռȫߡ
аӿϢУһϸС΢ֱ춷ѵ۾
ɫ΢Сı仯

˺ѷεĺŮѸ˫˳Ĵ֮һӡŮŭĿԲīƵĲ͸һݱ»״ͼڡ
˫ַɿתţ˲価磬ҲǶʱ磬΢֮һǡ
ײֻ˿ǰϸγɵһǽϡ
ʱȴҲѷֲ١
ɫ𣬻ΪһƬһƬɫѥԣŮǿҵɣԶ
亹죬Ѫ˿ȣ˫۾ǲ
ǽ۽ٳ쪡һһѷŵĽŮƲ鶯죬գۼٶȵ˼ǰ
Ůİ۽˷ͫƵѪһ˲貶Ŀҹԡ
磬ȫȻƿ
µľ嶼ƿ
ǡءһ죬ǱϮסƿйҶһʱȫƮȻ䡣
ҲѺ۾۵ףһ˲ȫתһ档
ɣ˫͸ž֣һӿȥڵϵϮŮ϶Ѫͬյĺ÷һ޶Ŀ
ɣ⽫Ů§ڻУ°ͽŮͷϣȴԼ˫ͨ죬ʼʹѵ񷢳ľ޴Ȼһᡣ
񣡿ס֡춷ؽӣ˫סŮ
񿴼ʱüͷһСɽ۵ࡣ
ܲϲ֣Ϊƽǳ
Ѫ˫аˮЦѪ˳Ĵһ˫ѪָŮӵĲ
ǽѩһѪĿӡ
Լȴ˳Ůӵı䡣
񣡡һȣںڰռʱŮ²Ĩŵɫ
ϧȴûΪ˹𴽽ˡ
춷ٶȶ£ŮӵԼС
ʱѾǰֻǿڹײ˵Ŀɫۣħﱻ۽˵ѪɫУⳡսӮˡ
飬Ѿȫˡ
춷Ž̳һȵĵذ壬н§ϮĬĬҭ۵ɣ⣬Ȼ֪Щʲô


45 
ȵʱ, ѾصԺˡ
ֻԴտյģһʱȻԼ˭ʲô¡
ڹһȫˡ
ܱ, ûʲôӰ
ǵԼǽħˣȴѾһɶˡ
ﰵ, ;ͷ´, ҸʲС
Ǿǡ̤ڵذʱ, ſˡ
صľűƿ, 춷ѵĵµŽɫĳ, һͬƾס
ͬʱʶؽԼĸڵصĽջء
Ĩ˵⣬˿ƹߴŮӵı͸, Ϊ˵϶һߣĽë˲µʱ, ۵һƬӰ
ʦ㡱̽Եػһ
춷, Ų첻ؽŮһ˫СϵĿջ, Ŵһ, Ȼ˵, Ҵȥʦ
һ, ϸǸ̬ȥ
뿪ھܾǼŮüĿ˵࣬һŰģֻܵ˵ͷ, Ӧ
Ƭ̺, ˾ͳȥϸеС·ϡ
·ԣ춷Ѻ, Ӱ߲һأ˵ҲƬƬߡ
Ѿûһ߹ˡ
ʦ㣬ôģͻȻʵ
ԶУ춷ѶһصħﱻջأȻͻˡ
ôջصģʥԺɱסˣּæ׷ʵ
춷ͣ²ӣǳлӳӰӣ춷ѿӣ˫촽û˵ʲô
֮侲ĬƬ̣Ȼ춷Ѿһ񶼲ƮƮȻ۾ˡ
üͷһ壬ƣҲֻӲͷƤҧŴ׷ȥ
˹ϸĵ⡣
ڵ׽šܽظ衱֡
һߵǰͱ⸱Ŀ⡣
ٿ⣬춷Ѵʱվûīһ㣬ֻ߬ȭͷĽ֮ϣѻɫӱ紵һǣԼ˪
߽ʦΪʲôȥ
ʦҪٻ㣬ڵűǡ
Ů۵ײزס˿ǳЩ΢΢
ҪѿڶĹĻּʱ£΢΢׺󣬾ƹ춷ѽ˵С
аÿ£һðˬỊ̤̇ͬɾ׳һ㡣
Ƶĺ棬Ů˺ɣ΢ڴ
ԭСѩëĺ꣬Ȼ˫ѩ
һֱϵŮӣʵڶֻĿȻᡣ
ͽ¡һȣտĵػصơǰ㡣
ԣηֱӹϸһ˫ɫͫ΢ʱַ·ˣոյųȫʧ
ˣҲ֪ΪΣһŮĵ׾Ī
춷ѱģ
һ
ϸеĲмֲм춷ֻǵı޸УǼдŷЦҪڽµһ㡣
ǡ
ֻϷһ͡
Լ㱻һɾ޴ѹǿ֫һϵС
£
ϷȻ䵽Ĺǡ
ҧ⣬˫΢΢ŲϷ·һ˲ּĪѹλߵѹѹѹҪһεĴ顣
ԿԼѾе˫ϥɫҰףȴģ΢΢̧ͿԿϸľܽشŵǵĿ⡣
ǿһĨЦȻֽ£ٿ
ľܽһ˿ı¶Լ
ֻǵģģγʱ򣬺ȻһУԭЩʧɢ̫֮еȫ˻
ƴ̧ͷ뿴嵽׷ʲô¡
ֻϸһЦ⣬صָ˹°ֱͣ۾ĵʵܽƶģܲ
ܽʲô
ϸ赽ʲôС
㱣ѵĴȻȻؽסԶ˳յĺ飬򣬳˳ţ̡ͦ
Ҳ㹻һˣٶľܽȻãϵѹòҲûôˡ
ܽ˳ۣϸ˵꣬Ŀϡ
Ŀ⣬ͷڡ
ϸ뷢ʲô裿
Ȼеһᣬ˱һǣɵ˹ϸǰϸ赥ֳԴϼЦ⽥Ũ
أڿնȻȻ˹ϸУŮĲӱŮ˵һ˫ֽסӣָָ״ƤѪ
סŮ˫ŷ˦ţһӶͳɫ
ĶȱĿ飬յһ˫ȻȴǱ֮ǰҪ̸࣬ˡ
Ѫͬɾһֻʣһǻڳţ֪ԼѾҪˣѾҪûʶˡ
ֻǺȻϵһգһֻǰлĻߡ
ءһЯƬһſڵϣȻ䣬˹ϸе
üͷϵ󣬺ѣѵԼҪ񴽽һĨЦ
Цȴֱġ
񣡡
һյػص˺öȥȦþòɢٿأһէ֣˴Ӹ̨±ֻǵΪѾ˵ʱ򣬱ǼŵĨϤ׵ذһ
֪ˡ
ǵϥڵϵŮ̧мд˵
ʦ
Ůʯ̣
ϸ̧룬ɵŮӣǧ˿㰵ƷƮ½ǻһʢݱ¡
İɾ˫
𣿣
ϸһһİ𡣶ʱǰľķѣΪȫڵϡ
飡Ҳ𣿣
ӦùʥԺҲҪʥԺ𣿣
ʣ춷ѽǲ
СʦǷ˵ء
ħʱʹõ֣ԼϷѪ⣬ϵݱ»ͼڡһеһзǴеĵ㻹˵ϸ˵꣬侲һ͸Щƣ˵
ң㲻ҪΪʲô¶סңϵǿѾ鿴ˣħд棬ĨħǿؼݽߵŶģǿݽߣΪǿħħħȻҪܽħսԣ㶮ô
ϸ˵̨꣬춷Ѷţ߲࣬վһȻȻѹȸʮ㡣
ͽԸСʦܷ춷һ䣬£üۼ価͸ż㡣
춷Ѻ͹ϸţԵƵᡣ
ǶĿ⽻㴦ȴ


46 
˶һ, ϸֽת
ܹȥɣԸ
ҪԶʥԺ, Լߡ, ҲԼʥԺ
֪֪˵ʲôϸת, һ˫ɫͫԲ, Źŭ, Ҫ춷˶һˡ
ƽһȡ֡ν̬ʱǸ, ڵϣŵ۾¶һ¶ۼЦЦ
ֻ춷˵Ƿ˼, ʶոջָô𺳵Ļжò֪˵Щʲô
ĨٻӰʱվǰ
춷ѵ½Ƕɨգһƽ겻ġ
ʱû, ȫ̱ڵ, ΢΢һ, ׾ٵؿ̱ͬڵϵĺꡣ
ľܽ»Ƭ, ѩë˵Ѫӡ, ϸǸ粻ĶħӦԼͲľܽؽˣ
Щ۵ر, ľܽôģǰôңˣʱҲҪһ˵УɶԼա
, Ҫǽܵ˾Ŷα, Ͷˡ
ƫŸ£ͿԼǰİƮȻȥ, Щ㶣춷ѵǰ棬Լڵϵģȫǽ½֪ʲô
ֻ˼ʲô㡱㡱Щ绰
춷һתԼ߱ȫȻָˣϹϸŭĳŵüƤˡ
ûϸ沿飬ԼѾۻ춷һѺᱧڻУ춷һͬƮ뿪ѹֵĹ
صԺ֮춷ѾֱԭһסǸȥ
춷ѽ
ɫƽ޲
˫־ͷ¶һؽ
춷ĿƵŮ¶֫ͶϣȻѸٵջĿ⡣Ȼûһϸ΢Ķֻǵ뽫ַͷϾپٰˡ
Ͼڹϸ֫µýӲôãò˹ϸѹֵϢĵ̣֫ôö֪ˡ
ܵŮĿȣԼƤƶˡ
ôˣʦ㣿ʲôô
춷ȴǲɿü;ˡ
ʦãʱ䣬һһ
۾춷ѵΧЩ죬仰ô˵Īġ
ʣ˭֪춷ȴʱرȥſأ˵
⼸סݰաҹҲҲĪҪҳȥҵúܡ
Īһ
Ȼǻǵ˵ͷ
춷ѼͷͰ̾˿˶ú춷Ѳֳȥ
йȻ춷˵û춷һۣԼҲûԺûϮɣˡ
ͷҲͷЩвֵĵ͵ġ
ʱľϵľżȻʰڴϵһֻҶҳ
⼸УҲǳڴǰһ裬һַ龭Ҳֻǳı춷ע͵ǼҳˣŮִдµīѸɡ
ָĦǾ壬īҲʱŶȻȻˡ
ҹڴϣԼԴڱȫ춷ϵϢϵϢȣࡣ
ǸоģһҹҵţƽЩġ
ֻԼҲ֪ڵʲô
ҹУǧء
Ůƽȣ˯ݰꡣ
ҹӿȻϢ
𣬴һݣŮС齱ߡ
£һϣԵס¶Уҹɫ̫ϵ顣
ֻĿһɫˮ峺滺·ϴӾ۵㣬ֻʣĴס
һ
ŮӽɫȻһЦ󣬽Ůɢ䵽ϵķ˿ɫͣüۼ価ƣ
׼ȴԼϴһֻ֡
ŮӶٳٲһŽŮ΢΢˭֪ȴѿһץס䡣
ŮԼץ΢΢ü
ǼŮ˯ݰ죬ΪŮˣƽﶼô̰˯ģôʱѣ뵽Ů¶һЦ
ŮӴŮ΢šüȻֿ˿סԼѵ֡
춷˼Ƭ̺󣬲νۣߡ
춷ƽڴϣ˫ֽڸ
ͷϵʣ˼ЩƮԶ̸ֻǴʱѾȫŮϵϢϮˣ΢ʧ񣬲ѾܾûŵϢۡ
΢ϸԡ
еĸڽɫĹɼ
Ѿϰˣεʱӳȴһɾݡ
һʱûӦǰ̫ˣֻǸ̫ûˣһʼûϳ˭Ǿ͵˻ǰ˵պŴʧɫ
춷ΪʲôϵԱߣԼΪʲô᲻֪ûģ
չƣ͸ŵ죬ϽϵСëյɼѩݾôչһɫĹ⣬ʥòַ
ĿĽëϣƱ۾ģ·Ѿ뵽ʱľɫˡ
ֻǲֻ֪Ǳ
͵óʱ˫Ӿôˡ
һ˫Ƶһɫ͸ӽ͸
ٴγǾУʧ
ŮӴĴĿ⣬¡
춷ȻջĿ⣬ǧ˿кʣ׳סһƬ⣬ڲߡ
춷ѱռ˯̫죬ĴԾ˯ˡ
ŶӦһ
춷ѽû˵ʲôҪ뿪ȴһץסѣûأô춷Ҫˡ
û뵽ǣץŵѶʱ˳Ůӵ䣬ӳһŰ̺۵ı֬Ƥ϶Ѫ裬Ŀġ
־ôͣڰա
һ۲գؿǱһʱɵǻûӦԼʲô
˵ԼĴȴǲ֪ںʱ˶£˵ĻҲⲻġ
Щĵ齣ֹסŮҪĶ
ʦ㡭һȻָҪȥŮȴȻתָٴͣס
춷еĲ񿴲͸
춷ѽҲܻ䣬Ŀ£޳ָϵ
ʣ˿ĭһֽǰŮӻס῿ĻУۿʪͨ졣
춷˫ִ˫磬˺󼸲
ôŽƿ
ɬһĨӲЦһ˳Ĵ¡
ʹñȵ
춷ôαǺĮһˣȴƫҪԼαװ飬Ȼһһƭȡĺԭͱ¶͸ġ
ͷʧƲסԼʱĶʶǰһ
ż⣬һǡ
˴˳ջҲȻȻı˱봽С
춷ۣŮʵ̫ˡ
ĽëɨԼϣ̵ĺֲ˭˭ˡ
춷ѵһоŮԼǵһ˫ǹ̵ģǳȵġٱǹռź֪ط˫ҲģŨŨ
춷ѷԼȻôϸϸⷬԣЩȡԼʧ񣬵ȴҲûŮƿ


47 
춷ѾȻûҪƿļ, ģŴ, ǳֹ, Ҳ
˱ŮӵĴ,ͼı, Ůȴǽ, ˿ȥ
Щʧ䣬ǵ, һ˫־ôϢƵŮʵ´޳ָһ´ƮƮȻ
û´Ĺ̶, Ȼǿ˲٣ֻҪһһࡣ
͵׼Ҫȥʱ, ȴȻƿ, , Ǳжξ롣
˴乴˸Ө͸˿
ٿһ졣
ڨڨ̧ȥ춷, 춷Ƶ, ʲô߻ŵı, ͸ڹгһΡ
춷ѸûһֻȥʰƮ´ȻһǳɵؾֽѺϵʵʵ
չȥڽż⾹ȻҪζ
춷ȴǼʱһ, ۺﲨ, ɫֱֺתһı䡣
ʿɶֹֹĶ
ȥ۾, Ůӵ˫ûйҫʼɽˮīһˮӼˣһŲеĺܾõĹʯһ
ʦ㣬ֻҪ飬ʲô¶νôǣЩô
춷ѵָ󣬡ԣǰǡ顣ܱ֤ڰǵʱ򲻶ôܽӴȻ޿ɱ⣬ԾֻܱĹԶ
˫촽һ˫촽ڹҫ··һ˪һ㣬Ĺâ
ʵĿˮ
һ̲סһ죬Լ˫ȼһ˿
Ͼ춷ѻףѾܲ˼飬Ҳ֪ˡ
ֻ˫ʵ̫ԣ̲סǳֹ
ʦã̫أǼ¡춷ƽ˵ɫɬѶһֹģ
û˵ֻǰҪȥ´ȴ춷һס춷ɫء
춷Ŀ绢æֲصġֻҪʦ㱳˺۶ѡ
춷ûϵ˵仰һ£ҧŴ̧͵͵Ȼ͸ɴٴһأûһֽʵĽ´ǰһ顣
´Ʈ䣬Ƶ˫ѣһ˺۵ô¶Լǰ
񿴵ЩֻԼüĽʹƤ´żܡ
ָظȥŮûʲôӦûоܾ˿ϸϸĦһһѪѽ˰̣ȥеֲ֡
ϵ˿ڴĿģ׾ʲô񲻸룬ֻأʡ
ջأӱỷش춷˿ڡ
ЩˡԼͷ춷ѼϣյĶϡ˵ʱŷԼǶôز
춷ѸʪϢһһĴԼȣҲֻһ˲ѡ
һ˲ֱ£ָһĹˡ
춷һѽַ£תȻ˵Щˡ
涣һĨЦǵСô
˶óǼǰµˣȴƫƫҪƭԼ
񲻶ʣֻƣǰָüģһü붼һƬ
̧ۣǰź󶼿һˡ
ˡ
򴽣İƮȻһ˴š
ϸĵ⣬ڵǰ̧Ǻڵ׽ֵҡ
һǹϸùʥԺܶ춷ѵҲֻйϸˡ
Ǽ䷢һߣĿŭط̧̤УҪҵϸһ˵
˭֪оǼžǿ͸ӿһұŮ˴ʱڵֳԴĿС
ֻŮСš
ĵ귴ǱŮ˫
һһôĿԡ
Ӳߵ߬һȭͷľܽҧҧ
ľܽɫƽһްһջĿ⡣
ʾ⣬ŽĿƣȻǸбϵŮˣϢ۾ôľܽصĶӡ
ǲѡ
һ˲䣬ת͹ϸĶӡ
ƳУʲô˵𣿡ϸ赹ֱӣš
ǰǳɱŮˣ粻һ붼ЦǺǵģһҪĨɱ
˳ϣ֪һԵһʱ䣬ǵ̸ʲô
ǣϸأԵૣʮָΪᣬ˺ȩ̈Ů
춷ѡӣ
Ŷԭ°Ϊ˵ЩʲôءŮɢȴġ
žþλư˺ӵ
ô˫۾û˵
Ůɫͬƣʱȴ΢ǣƽΪЩ˵Ϣ
վ棬˭ĵӣҡ
ηض˫˵ľ벻ԾһЩ
ֻŮڵ
󵨣Ҳû˭ĵӸҡңʣͽֻ뵥ľûʲô⡣ûʲôνĲء
ݡϸһ˫ɫͫұΣգʱһ
ͫﻹӳӰӡ
·Ҫ¸ʳϸǳ˲ݴǱŵߡ
ʥԺǣ飬ްۣŶα֮
Ŷαޣ
ϵھŲžŰʮһޡ
£˫˲üʹϣһ仰ٳԺвɢһһƮ죬ֱ
ǿƷ
ϸζؿһۣȻȡͷѪѪ鵤ܼ֮ˣȥ̺ۡ

صԼУȡһ룬һѪҺѪ룬һ˲Ŵڱڵ·ɢ˿һʢ޵Ļ
ϸѾӦˣֻҪѪøϸҩȻ춷ѷá
һҲֻڵһĨѪãĻǶԹϸĻŲɡ
ڵվʹϸҪʲô
ϸȴ˵ҪԼͽԼҲۣԾͱӦֻҪͷѪȡͺİɵҩ
ȡѪæȡͷѪ˹ϸĵС
ϸӦպȡ
ʱڣ񶼱Ų˭Ҳ״̬˭˶һա
ﶼͷڱУͬʧ˻һſڴϣ˭Ҳѣûֹ⼸˭Ҳû
ꡪ
ľƿһ첢ûоϵŮ
һĨȻ룬κ졣
춷ɬʱ׽
ֱֱǰ˫һֽƿȴŮҰɫ
񡭡
˻ֻģģڻ֣ǲûȥ˭Ƥǧصľʯѹۡ


48 
춷, ֻȥŮС
ƺ߼ȻȻ˫ӡ
ǰ˵ʱ,˼գգۡ
ʦ㡣, ί֮һӾ, ػһ, Ҫ
ȴ춷һָ϶ͷ, ˪ȴʵ⼸նȥˣ
ûʲô, Ӳ񲻸ҿ춷ѵ۾ֻ΢΢ܿĿ⣬Υĵ˵
춷, أԵૡ
ɣȽ֮Я춷˵գ
GԴӱ, æס춷ѵ½, ˻˻
ǻʲô
ȥһЩ顣춷Ǳ, , мд˿޸į
飿ʲô飿
ʳ, 뻹ʻȥˡЩ黹ǵȵʱҲ, 춷ǲ˷ͺøжȡ
ٰƬ̺ѡʣôַ춷뿪ˡ
춷һ뿪͸оԼҲߵò, ֻӻÿ, һ˫Ÿ̤أǰһ, һʧؾͲȥ
Һմˣ˺һᡰת
ʱһǸȥҹϸҩȥˡ
ֱŶڳŲ˲䣬ִͭпԼĲ̬գѡ˻
䵹ҳԼҴۻױƷ
ָմ˴֬ͿĨڴϣԼĿˮοһ㡣Ͼ֬ôۣһܾûˣóɰͺ˵㡣
õˮȾúʣҲΪԼĪҪĳȥģЦ
žԼ̬ȻŰĳȥ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣÿһȥҹϸʱ򣬹ϸ趼˯ɷֻ꣬Ҳ˯
һһ󲻾ñ㶼۾
ϸڸλ϶һľ衣
ӳϣ˵ľ¡񲻸ϸϸĦֻ̧ۿ
ϸû˵ɢϲ档
񣬶ˡ
æ货УȻҴҳлһҾȾ˳ȥ
춷أɲɣ·ˡ
춷ѼŮͷϱһ㺹ٿѾ˵Ŀ֬Щ׽
㲻Ӳôܳ춷̧ף΢΢
ǽ춷һصĵط춷Ѵʼն΢üҲȥ
춷ѵע´ͳ裬򿪣˳ָһöѪҩ衣
šݹȥʾ춷ѽӹ
춷Ŵǵ֣΢˿ûҪӹļ󣬾ôҲգ
·˵ҲҪ
ЩΪѣ挝ɻһʱ֪͡
ʦ㣬ǹ˳ҸƱϵ˺õġ
춷⿴ϵ裬ȻȻջأһ࣬˵Ҫ
춷ѱ㲻˵Ҳٿô𴽣ưһ˦
վԭأĨӰȥſȴԴϢֲ̫¶ֻٴȹѣ׷ȥ
ŮСͨ죬ͷ϶һ㱡ĺ춷ǰ£۵΢ġ
춷ü򴽣΢˫ʲô
һֱ򿪣һѪҩӭŹԣһżƷϳ˵ҩһͳԸ֮֡
춷ֻһɨǰŮ
춷̧һ˫С峺аӲ춷ɫһ
춷ѾôĪԼ絽ˣƿĿ⣬˾䣺衣
ʦ㡪һֳס춷ѵ䣬Ͱ͵صһ˫ˮǰλµɾ󾹻Яҡ
춷΢΢࿪һ֮¶ϡ
Դ˻ɴֱӽڵҩóͶԼϡ
ҩһ뺬ԼУȻż⣬˫ֻסŮӵĲôȥ
ûбۣԿԽŮһ˲˫ͫ
һųѪζĵҩĴȫһ˵ĴС
񽫵ҩȥ֮󣬱ûٶ춷ѷֿһξ롣ȻͷҲһصģתͷܡ
춷ѴӾлһԶŮⲻסǿŻ¶ȵѪ裬ʧ
صԼУֻ˫պ죬ͷһˮԼϡͼԼ侲
ǲǿģڿţһҪš
վھǰģĻͭɿԿŮգԼϷŵĨĳ죬һˮ˳Ůķ˿£˿ĭ
ԾָԼĴ
оĨд棬ζ
ٶ룬ϵĲ࣬ǼݵûɫĲˮ˳½󣬽ø͸Ҳ΢侲һ㡣

İԼڱȴǺ䣬һ˿һģģۣڱһʱ亹졣

Ȼһ˿δš
һѽƿϵȴһضʧɫգݺñȳˮܽأڽӽ⿪¶ǡ
кЦ⣬һ˫ǳǳ˫ȻñǼӣ˳ߣֱѡ
ܵʪ̵Ϣڲ֮СͷһأֻŮӵ֫ϣͷ齵/ǿеٿԲԼ̱һ̯ࡣ
°ͱһֻֻ̧܌˫ۡ
һ˫ͫۡ
̧ӥ
۵װһϺ콻ŵɫ˵ɥϵҸСǻױһףȻغɫϡ
񲻸ֱͫ·ܿͼתߡ
ƵŮӵĴϣȴŮ촽Ĵʱϵģŵġϴ´һطɫҪߡ
ôﻹδҹ仹Ųţ
ҹƹǵȣһһ䶼ңƽһٲȻɾȫͬ
ҧҧԼ⣬ǧܱ˻꣡
Ůȴ΢΢սĴǴȥܲסֱѹָУвԾһƺߡ
Լз˵ѵ˫ڰкҪγѪ
ֻ΢Լĺ촽
£ë˲ɨ˵ӣ֪ʱԼҲ˫촽
ʹ
촽̣֮ӿȫһһµǴ˱˱һһµػӭ⻬򦣬⻬ıݣҺ̾һ


49 
ǵʱ, ԸܵԼ
²ȻôƽʱºͷȵŮ/Ͼͱô³Ｑˡ
еԾ, Ҫƿʱ, Ů˫ֱ, ͻȻ֮Ѹײڶ֮סĲ,£š
ܵϢ, ҪƿڴȴԼ, ٿأһ죬߳ŭ
TMʹᣡ
Ҫ, Լͬû֫һôѲŮ˶ԼôԼʹһ
ٿ, ǰĻʲô, תһų棡ǹԼſѪɫԼܴͬһ, ǰ, ؿԿԼ̴µѪߣ
Լǹ¶Ԩ޹, 𺣣һ˦, ô׼صȣž޴ϯ


嶸Ȼ鴤һ£һȻ, ۴ɫ, ˿
ҺΡ
ΪʲôôɬΣһǰ춷˵ԭ
뵽Ȼˡ
վ춷Ҫ̻ӡ
Ϊı, οɲʲôҪ춷Ѱæ渶ġС㡱ˣǴɼһģȻҪóЩ
ܸʥԺˣҲΪ춷Ѷˡ
Ͼƾһ֮Լɣ⣬Ϯ˴ʥԺģҪˣȻҪȺţ춷ѵ۹ûдԼʥԺûд
뵽һ˫ÿӶԲˣһȹһ˦һſ˴š
춷Ѿˣɫ˪ôվһϣϢɢԶ
Լ˫ڽУ첽˹ȥ
ʦ㡣һ΢ͷ춷ѵʹϵĿ⡣
춷ѵšȻջĿ⣬ԶĴɽͣʵôٽ
񣺣
ԭ춷Ѳ׼һһֱԼء
ƽ޲ɫؽԼԭ˼һ£ٳ۽
۽ٳ֮Դ⣬Χʮɲ⻷ƣӳ˵ӰʵǺÿˡ
ԭǲģնɱʱѧˡ
۽ʱôڰУڽżһ㣬࣬һӾȥ
Ц绨춷Ƿ΢𴽽ǣ£üԶɽ
춷ȴǽͷתһĮȻ˵վ˾ߣǱǰиϻعС
æɤӣοȳеĹա
Ŷ˲ͬʱ˽ɣ̤ɫ⣬ӭϼƶˣ߷ɾ
Ͼӭ紵˫ͫӳһɫ
ԼΪǵۣ֮Ұеţʱǰأ

صУķǽѹ˴԰ֲûеõãҪ롣
Ǹ춷ѻԭһסĹе
һžϤԲδ󴲣й֮һ컲࣬Ծغ
Ĺ룬ѾڿʼɨˣҪԶ֡
춷Ѿֻʳǰá
һ̾¸㱻ŵװһһϣڷǰʶ˿ĭȻ̧˿Ůӡ
ʱȴֻŮ˳ָ󣬴ʱŸ룬ḧŲˮͶ֮䶼͸ŻҼĹ
˲ΪƮѩۿڸлζԳ춷ѵʹŰ״ǸŲ衣
ãá
ȻŮһ份æջĿ⣬
ԭѧ춷ѵĶģǺԼᣬԾֻܰ齫ĴүģŵһڣЩƽ
Ȼǵڵ㣬֮ˮӿİɫС껹Ծ׵ݵĻ㡣
ٳԳԸ㡣
Ů䲻صһ䡣
һǰĸ㣬С
춷ѽ£ǲԾ䣬С𣬸ֻ͵ҩʳСһ߻մ˸ϵİɫĩ
ʦ㣬ǻΪʲô
춷ѵĴһ˲΢Ц⣬ɫһЩҵļ¡
ңƣβ
š
ҼΪ֮׼ҼӦ÷֮һ֮ôͷáȴֳ֮͢£Ÿ淢ҺҲֻǸ⡣ǱʥˣǻὫ߳Ĵ壬ǳš
Ůƽ´󾪣ɫƽˮӿǧˣ
ҳǳ磬С˵ԭҲġ
Ҳ֪һӹܼ֮λƾԼеĽָˡ
ô·չŮҲҪ
춷ô֪µģǹƾ˾ٱһ㣬δ̫ǣǿˡ
ЩٱΪʲôȥٱʵۣѡһŵĳ
һпϸϸĥһǶмѭ
һ춷ЩаߣʵҲȻ֪
֮䣬ʲô
ʦãԱ徻򷨴˼һж£У˼һ£СУ쳣壬³ΪƸǸ°紵ɢ¾֡ԳΣơ
˵ƶǸƲͬϵһ׼ķ𣬵Ŷˡ
ͬʱִָңͨġ
Ϊô
գ£ǻ۳ƸǸԣʡ֪ʶԳ԰򷨡
춷ѵڲ裬ֵ̧
ɶҵ˼
ָĦŲյһ˵ͷ󣬱ָֽ¡
ˡ
춷е֮˵Ѹܣͷ˽ĲڴˣоΪףץס˰ѱֻܳô˳Ϊţ
˵˾춷뽫Ҽ֮λ
ɫɬŲˮϵỌ̇̄ľᡣ
£춷Ѵл˵Ҫ˰ա
Ը⡣
Ǻá⼸ұὫ/ʵһʷҷټţ⹬оɡ
۾˵ͷ
λĳʥԺĴʦ㣬ľÿ˶֪һ
ΪʲôȴȨ档
춷ҲЩȨѬ˵һǱԭo
Ĺ󣬾ƹŷµɮᣬԵĵ
ԽԽ͸춷ˡ
ǽԼһչָ˵ģһԼ
Լһɲġ
Ҳ֪ˣ͸Ǹˡ


50 
۳Ͷ,Ӧ⹬ס£ȥҡ
Ҫ˽⸮ɣҲ÷պĽӹ, ͸춷Ѵ˸к, 춷Ѿ˹Խͻҡ
ǰʱ, Ѿˡ
ͷվū˶˯, û, ū˼ʱˡ
һųеĽҹǰŵûˡһܽ
ܵͣ, ۾ӣ̽һ¡žȷ, һ뻹ڲ帮һ˲õƻͨ
صĴŴʱȫ򿪣̽˼Żװĸ, ÿ󻹸ū͡
Ӵ, ⲻǳڵĽôһɫ, ŤŸ֫, ᲻˵
, ѥ̤帮ǰһʯ忪ʼ, һӾͼٱ£ȡ֮ޱȺѪ
ӴⲻǶôôʥԺ£ڵŻظˣһϮ°ɫ˯ȹ, ͷ˼İ׺ۡ
, ǶׯŵһůɫƹȴԵü峡
Ҫ˵ʱ, ʱҲˣһɫ˿ϵأһ˫۾ǣŨڵüë΢
ȻˣǾȽɡưʲôޣ˵ͼ̾תֻһɣӰ
ǡһ˦ۣŤŸ֫͸ȥˡ
ֻʣū棬ЯԺ
ɫҲٶЩƽˣǱŮݡ
̬ȼֱྶͥϵǲǶ֪ԼҪλˣԲš;֪Լ̬ô͵ġ
ͷϵɴʣбӰⲻЩ㱡
ۣѾ˸ţӦù˼춷ѾͻᱨѶȻͻҼ̳˵ȥҵļǻ档
ڶ峿ڴ˯
˻ڴϣ󼱴ٵʱüĲɵһ
ôĪʶĸо
񽫱ӸǹͷĬĬһֻϣȼˡ
žžž٣ҪŶóˡ
»´š
ѾԵһȼСӵ׼ȴһžȻǰһų
ɫһӱņ̃ͷǰкιأ
·ʲôֻǿ˵ʲô
ֱ˺һŵϷ֪Ĵ治ʣҿǷ㡭Щܾί
˵ֶ˶٣Сع۲ǰλѩŮɫŴһصģ
ɵöͷϵĺȻ˵Ĵÿ궼øֱϵϵǰٰԱȣȸǺȸԼɹǿҵҫϷǰ㣬ҲҲ
Ҫʲôȱȸһ㶼Ȥ
ξҲ
ʲô⣬Ųλһֱĸ׻һҹ֮תء
˵ǻǵ롪ųƨ
ѧ춷ѵĮȻܾˡ
ˣηĺڣȥĻֻҵڱܾЦ
Сϲ̨棬һҪһ곤һϳǿϵƤ⣬εЦЦ۽ǵӶһһ㡣
Ųۣػصһ䣬ǻô
סɡ죬˵ˡ
˫ֻأĵɨһλҵļѴõ棬˾ˡ
Ϊ˵СʹûԼϸ᧿Σ
Ĵ֮׵ͷǻ˵ġ
Ҳٶ࿴뿪ˡ
µҪʲôʱˡ
ϷһȰǴȥϷʹһȨ
Ȩϸϸ׽֡
Ǻãڴ˼ȸ飬ҪѪԼҲ˵ңֻҵػޡ
⡭ֹ
״ĵȴһЦԼΪҶô޵ĻֻȸͳҵĳլԿɣʹһǿʢ˥൱ھѳػޡ
˭֪쾹ҧ˵ˣԡ
ϸüһ촽΢СϾǲм

ǽҡϴ̡
ڵŮӻӺݻۣҷһأȹ߽˿һ»òӡ
վڵ⣬ĨıӰٳٲ̤ȥһ
Ҫˣͽ¡
ŮӺȻһ̫֮еĻȫ˼Ȼȹѽ˵
춷Ϊ˲裬ƮڿУȼŵ㣬һԵöôİʡ
ټѾַĸˣ׼ãȥиǻ档
춷޳ָƽһŷ⣬Ǿټš
ӹ˿
ҿ̫ãɨһ۾ͽֽװȥˡ
óŮ䲻غȻĳһ䡣
Ŷáؽóϸϸۿһ顣
ǶѹϢһֱҳֽ̧ͷ
ˡֽֽؾص۵÷ż㣬춷ֽӹָŮָϡ
ȷʵ紥ջأ˿ƽˮŮӣ
ʱһȥֻ㹻ˡ춷˵꣬һڡ
ߵʹţûп
ռ˼
ʲôΪŮĵĽָǹ⻷ô⡣
ڵһжҪ̫ˣ쵽ûС족ҪĿľ顣
һǱŮǣ߾ġ
һʱ֪ò˳ڵȥ
ֺ񲻵òȥ
̸꣬춷Ѿˣ϶µؿҪȥ԰䣿ҽϰ
ͷ絷⣬Ҫȥ
˵գ춷ѵһ˵š
춷ѵĺ棬Ŀһֱϣӱǿء
Ҳ֪ϵ˺ЩûУսЩκ̫ʵˣӱҲʲô
񲻽Ƶûţ֪ˣԼôҩͽ춷ѿеġ
ںò·ƪˣҪóȻᣬֵָöΡ
ԣһҪһȫķ
ȲΣҲ֪춷ѵˡ
뵽͵͵춷ѱò뵽һȫĺ÷ˡ
˵ȼ춷ϴʱ


51 
ʵڲסԼЦ, ɵЦ
Ц춷üһüͷתһؿЦûŮ
ܵߵͶ, ȭͷ߼װԵؿ˼
ûʲô, ûʲô뵽һЩЦ¡Ц, 绨Цĵ, ̫µĹ, ƵСëɼ
춷תȥٿȴԼҲܵŮĸȾ, ޵ĹĨЦ⡣
崺磬̳ĺҡҷδͣȻ, Ⱦ
ϧ󣬲δ
һл, ֦Ϣ
ҶһĨ, ϵĳҶǷ
ֻǰһ, һơ
Ϥһ, סͬʱüһʹ, ᴩԵʹһԾ, ˤĽųĲȼ˭
æǰȥϵŮȼԼֱۣöԷԼվȣʵ, ôˣ
, ʹˡȼԴ, ΢΢ýӲƲŵ΢΢ڼ׵˲ؽȻͿʼ
ʲôʱģ֪֪ʥԺж㣡
ȼ˵˵űһ§סǰŮ°͸õļϣ˫ֻ˵شŮı
ȼÿ˺üæǰؽеȼƿĻ˳˿˲١
ɫͺֵѽ
ȼ˼Ҳίſ˫ȥÿѾø˵ŮǻӵŨˣ
أ֪֪ж㣡ûûҹص㣬㵹ã㵽ʥԺѧʱûУÿ·帮ʱ򶼻ڸһ󣬾뿴ûСÿθﶼǿյġôҲǰ˵һ
㶣ŮңŮ۽ǼľӨᣬЩεЦЦŮĺ󱳡
ȼҭ˼²Ŵ뿪
ȼ˻תͼǱŮһĮȻֱ¡
춽㡭ȼСػһ͸ղǷģȻ෴
š춷ͷ㲻ٿĿƻصϡ
Ĳһôһ˲о춷ںԼ

춷ͻȻ֣Щû壬ֻŮ筴΢ضƮȻһɫ
ͷ˸߹ڣ߹ڹ߸һ飬ѩ£˿˱˿Ÿ߹ڷƮò߹ţ֮£ժס
߽š
Ҫϰôٽա춷ѵ֣£Ӱбڰ߲¡
ףһһѳȻġ
ۣ㾹ȻٽˣȼһЦ
춷ֳһǳ˽Ӳӡ
ʾһ£ýƽɨĸʽ
һ磬һǳ˽ݣ쪡ǷӳȦȦ߲ʺ⡣
ýһѳȻ¡
ⴥڵһͱѸǿſųҡ
ƽƽǰΪᣬǰ⡣ƽǰƽͷǰϷƽԲƻΪơ
ɨУתתɨ׹ؽͬΪɨ
Ůֽ
ۣȼվԭ֣ݡ
ҲЦЦ˭춷߶ϣһӱֲЦˣǻ˿޵Цд档
Уѧǰ˵ģһ磬Žϵĺ⣬Ŀ΢С«ư˼У赽һ붯翨ŵİͣˡ
񲻸һͷֻɱָղŵĶĿ⿴ԼĽ
˭ϣһĨһϮǻԼѱŮס񲻽ָ޳Уϣ˿˿룬ָ֬ơ
áڶֻԼĶѾ̵ĲԼˣһ
֮˵ĶԸоԼ˽ʱĵӦ֣ԭĽҲгһˣôÿĽôʽ
裬ˮ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
춷ѽԼ轣ͬʱ񻹿ȼںļС
ѡˣװ
ͨʽѧɣ֮ϡۻҵĽɢĻľҲɢһء
Ϧ£Ͳأ˵бӰϳ
Լ¶ͷϵı΢һ㿴һ˿˿
̧ȥŮգ춷ѴʱҲǳ˵㺹˿Щϣ˫ձ΢졣
ӹ˵лл
Ȼ͵춷ѵ棬˿ڶͷϲһĵһӦǣӺ㡣
Ĳ˿˿͸ŵ㣬ûʲôеĺζΪǲ˿ģڶͷЩ
꽫۵ãݸ춷ѡ춷ѴϵӿһᣬȻջء
Ϊʲô춷Ѱ첻ӡ
ͷѾȫ£춷ȼ˹ǰȻͷֵˡ
춷Ѳڻص·ϣ쿿̫ĻöԷ϶ɢοǻǾ˶ġ
ûܵԷɢġһˬķ紵ŵ춷ϵ㡣
͵͵һԵŮӣôĺӦûȥԡɣ
˵Уϯض춷Ǻ˼ˮȥˡ
ŮȥĲæԼϵĲյȥס䡣
춷Ѵɻͷ
ɶʦȥأҲҪȥ
춷ĮȻһ䣬ԡ
װһγԾģæŮӵſǺǺá
š춷΢΢ףȻͲ뿪ˡ
춷һߣ˿ڴ
⣬ӻˮ
Ҳ˵춷ѻҪһŽȥӦںϢţԡпһˡ
ھԼȥʱ
Ǹմ춷һסеʱùһΣǼֱǴˣˮ뵣ҪǶȥĻӦúѱ֡
͵͵ܿЩƿԡصĴš
ϥڵϣ΢΢ָ̽̽ˮ¶ȡ
еˮѾˣǻûȣҲڽݸðĽࡣ
񻷹ܣû˲ŷĵȥһѣҲˣֻ˼С¡
ȥѲͷ󣬶Լһ˳С
ɲɣʱĴҲñƿ˺ӵ졣


52 
һͷˮ, ˮԽͷůϮȫë׶ˮݵ, ܵر,·˵Ƶ, δ/¡
ˢˢˢˮŽ, 춷ӦѾˮ˰ɡ
Ǳˮ͵͵, ֺȻʲô΢΢ͷֻ̽¶һ˫۾
ǰ˼ԡ, һƬŮֻǱ´, Ƹܵ毺õȻǰ
춷վһˮ, һԡͼ
ˮεڵذ֮, , ӵ, Ծ˿ĭ, ֻһ˲Ȼڸ, ﴦ·ȼܴ
񣡼ס㲻ģ뵽һӾʹˣȫעͶ뵽ˡ͵С
ĿԶȻӳ覵, ϸĵҩô棿ǰȫ˺۵ı, ھѾ⻬ˣòƱȴǰۻЩ
֬, ơ
ī˿մˮβļƯˮϡ
õ˴𰸣ջĿ⣬ȻɫҲʹ˷˸ġ
ѾˮˣԼҲУôȥأѲɾôȻһͷñ춷һصˮ
Ƭ̣Ǿ춷תʱǱˮУȻѸײڶ֮εı󣬳ûͷó·ϣٲãӳ
˵ɾ͸ɣҪŮתʱǽԼһͷˮУĬĬ۲һС
Ӻܴ춷ǰĽǽͷ£ٰߣԲϸĻͿ
ˣ
ͬһֻСһټĳУ˻ۿžҪرˣرϷŵľˮͷ
ۿҪˮϳذһģǰһ͸ɫİ׵ǰ˫ֱͫơɲ
ˮУһ±ƵĿˮƮİ£»մˮڱֱĴϣѩ͸Ȼ
ɺա룬˱ѷ⡣
ǰĳرۿҪˣվԵ
̧ͷ
͸żŭͷֻѪ崻ŵؽͷӲ̧𣬶ϵȴŮ˫ˮ
ɪɪ춷ѣ춷һ£ϣӺϵʵʵֻǴűˮе͸ɫ
ʲô춷Ŀ΢䣬۵׿κθ顣
ӵŮ΢Ѿ¡˵ظȥǡ
ǰˮܽصŮʱհףȫͳһֱߡ
ˡٺٺ١
У
ػعʱ˿̣ѡ첻˵Ĭ󣬴𰸾ͻԼǹȥ
Ȼ춷ѵȰ춼ûȵ񿪿˵ǱʹԹֿʼµʡ
СʦûʲôҪ£Щ߰ա
У
춷ѡţһһ
æҪ֮£
춷Ŵ촽һˮΡĽëϻоӨ͸Сˮ飬䣬˫߻Ⱦ˵ķۺ죬ⲢûгͻǸһֳˮܽؼӸУͬʱȻ
ʲôҪ£춷ǿԼƽ͵ĶǰſھŮ˵춷
ңʦ걳ģ
춷üͷ΢һ壬֪ԣæȵƵһ˫С֡žһ¾͸Ůӱϡ
ټһڿտԡ𣬻ء
ЩΣҪҲӣŲء
¾ֻܽƾͼˡî˾ֱŮӹ⻬۵ıش
һôһҲû
ˣžкȻһ𣬽˸æָջء
춷תһ˫޾ֻһɺʱ
Ҫݾͼݰɡ˵գ춷Ѿشˮվ춷ĶƵ˫覣޳ȳƵĴϡ
ȫĸλ
ٴοʧˣ춷ѼŮɫеĴͱ飬ֲԾüͷ
춷Ѹɴƿ۲ٿͷתֱ˰
춷ˣԡֹƽΨͷڻˮ
ˮصȫĻһǱŵġ
Ϊ춷˵ԭɡ
󣬱㽫ͷѼʪͷϻһëô߳ȥˡ
Ҳ֪춷ûС
䵭ˣҲֻʵû˿ġ
֪һ㣬ЩʱŻôη塱
ŴãԼôô˽춷ˣɻ󲻽⡣
һ·Уص֮ǰһס޹УȻصеʱͷҲˡ
һͼŮӷ̴ľһ֧ϸʣʼռɰжеֽϻš
ֻ˼£ͷżɫӣӼͷ໹һŽƳһŵԲλơ
ߵСο¯ϵԾȻж͸˰ĵĵ
Ȼ߽һסԼͷһֱȻ΢һƣſ壬ԭ춷ڻɽˮء
ɽˮΪʲôҪɰ
ѯʣŮӱ㼰ʱؽ𣬽ʸڰͷ̴ʼ棬̧ۿۺ죬µһɰұ
춷һ
Ͷߵһ԰ڷСľϣⲻǹ׷ġԲطô׼Ҿ߻нء
춷£ֻŮ΢ȥһټֽ
޳ָٴʣմɰȻŽʵݸ
æܾʦ㣬Ҳ
춷ü䣬Ȼ˵գִ˴գʾӹ
ֻýӹѧձʷ˸š
㷽ǷʣΪҪմɰ
ͷ춷ûпֵɰζ΢ٲ񣬰ǣĿɱа£ʹ飬аܻ
Ǿһ˵ʼ⣬˼󣬲ŵ˵ͷ
ʥԺڿγ̣ǻ̵ӻ׼һĵӾɰڻֽΪıꡣɻɽˮݣʲôطʹʲôطЩҲҪȼ֡׼һģǻһЩƽ䣬
ǿԻôĿȥԱߵŮӡ
ʱԼҪִǼ֣ڷ죬Ϊ˷ǻɢơ
ǼķԼЩɧ/ŮΪԼѧʡ
춷ĿһȻ˾䣬ԡ


53 
Ϊʲôѿڶ
춷ȴÿɵһ, Ҫӡô
ҡҡͷ˼ֱԵҲ롣
ǡ춷Цһ
޳ɣҲյû, ұʱʱĽһЩʥԺҪ޿γ̡춷˵, ֽĿƵ, ԡ
ֱֱһ˫ͫ, 춷ѵȦȦƻӰ, һƬˮ⡣
ձʵָյøˡ
õӡȳʾһ, ȻԼһ飬úõĻڽɰ춷˵, վƹľϳһֽһܴܿ
ʹͭɫ, ֱֿ, 滹гľζ, Ҳ΢΢ֲڵ, ¾ɹζˡ
춷ԽֽΪ, Ȼǿ̯, Ͱԡ
һۣȻѹϣţƤֽǰʼɰ, ֻ΢΢, СԵմһ㡣
֣һ顣
춷˵, 㸩Ŷվİʺ档
٣òֱĨɢŮɢԼߵķ˿ǿԸܵͷǱ˺Ϣ
ĪҪѡ·㲻塣ֱʱҲһɱ߬
ŮӵĻƵֽϡռɰıʼ⣬ˮֽԾȻ±
ʼ⣬߱ɣȻ
һӡôã˫ĿЩɬüҲǽʹ·񾭴ܽʲôݺݴ̼ԴǴʺķͬʲôһıֽϡ
Ĩ뿪رһ˿ԼԾ쵽ա
Լԡ춷˵˵һԣôվſŵʹԴϸϸĦŮ
Ŀ˲Ϣ˫ͨӡ
ʣʼδֽڰգеɰһΣ˿ͬѩжĺ÷Ժ춷ѳһ飬лꡣ
ºɫʼŤŤϷˮһǳɣŮøǵӦ֡
춷Ŀ˼ĵ˵ͷŷŮ
񴽽һĨÿĻȣ¶һŽ׵ıݣ۾ģЦֺÿ崺硣
춷ƿûٿ
ɫЪϢ˰ա춷ѵһת÷齡
ͷϣ˫ֽڸ۾գ˫΢δϣһͷͿɼŮӰ˯ݣ񣬺ֵˡ
£ɫ΢΢죬ƽмס
˶С˴齣ĵؽʷ˳£Ůӵ񾱡
ʦ㡣Ȼ춷ѵ࣬Ůӵ˯գһ䡣
춷ѽë˲ȻȻһ˫ҹҲԵ峺ͬ¹һ͡
ٴδսЩǱǼⶼҪסӣܵʪϢڼϣ춷Ѳϰߵü
ʦ㡣ֻһ
춷תͷ΢΢ŮţֳԴһ˫۾Ŀ
춷һʲôͿ˵ı飬ҧҧ촽Ȼ˵ʦ㣬ҵҼͻܸһʥԺô
춷ûϵ⣬˼Ƭ̣ǵ˵ͷ
ЦˣԼĴյŮӶߣ૵ҹе繣㽫λͼʲô¡ֻΪҰɡ
ŮһһٵԼ˵꣬춷ɫƽֻǰеĶѪ졣Ȫǣͼʲô
ôŮмдĪʧ䡣
춷ɫһȻŴġ
Ǻðɡ񵭵ӦһȻתȥԼվɫ
춷ȻȻֱۣ˭֪ǱŮٴοʵôͲɵ
֪֪ˣҲǺġ
һֱвȻҪʣǵõͺҲ޴ٿˡ
Ǻ˱㶼ٷҹɫ˯ȥҡҷδ̹⣬ҹҹ

ͷ峿һ磬ɫãڻݡļ说½ľȴļ֣С
ݡ
ŮɫޣһͷīɫڷɸβüۼӢ͸Ӣˬ
֮Уꡣ
˫üߵܣ춷
ң֮һԱ߱յģֻһ
˵ֻһǰңֻҪֱɣ춷ȫΪ̺ú·ˡ
ԼֻҪɣͷ
һ뵽⣬ͷ춷Ҳ̫СԼ˰ɣһʱ󲢴һƬ֡
һ˻ʣ˫ֽһȡ
ĽֹͣʱһжƽϢСؽٳ
ս֮ʡ
ͷϷ׷ƮЩҶ̫һʱȫк̵۾Щ
ֻǵȻΪԼ˸֪ģͻĴɱ񷴶òȡ
Ůйѵ㾪ŵɫ
ŵĺң㣬ŮĪɵˣ
񱾾Ϊ춷ѷӣʱһ꣬ϲĵŮǴǱģֻҪһǱ޾
ˣӣЯŵذףʶ£һһĺ⡣
ĿʥԺ£ֻѧ˸ƤëԼĽָһǴţƵļܣ
񴽽ǹһĨǳЦ
ʿ˼⣬һʱֻҶǷɣеĿֻŮͷһֻ̽ҡ໥ײö
̣Ȫˮˡ
ֻһˣ𺣬Ỻ֡
вӰȫȻʧӰڻһƣȻ֪ʱԾڸǰһīʿӱǼһԾһܣء
û뵽Ů֮۾ܶһٴγ
ˣ´̿͹ˣÿһīɫ󵶣ʿ
Ӧǲġ
Ȼ
عʱǰֻʣӰӹ˽ԺϳһƬƿնƵۻңӿĺ
ֱӴ񣬲ɵذʣֱֱ塰
˫Ѫ죬Ź鶯ĲӣӭӰɶ˫ȭգŹκһһʱһӳȥʱ
ֻ˼⣬ʱƹ˶ءһ˿δ̤Ĳӣ˲Ȼջء
ֻüһۣǰһֱӵ¡Һۻֻһ˲Ƭָֻ֮
˫ָǷơһʻֱֱ룬ءһͽǷֳ
˫ü΢šץ϶ֱṦصϣ޷ɱƬ֡
ոճ⻮һû˸ӡǼɱĴ̿ͶӡУȻӳһ٣ǻ¡
ϣԼͷֱƧС


54 
Ů, һ·ǰǷɱްһʱ͵춷˵ķҡ
ɽ֮, ʪ, , ͬëһ㡣Ϊɽ, ϻŵ㳿¶, ¶ʹ˴˸
¥, ̤˶̦ۣϵĹ
ڶɴ֮ϣƵķǽ֮, ļţйԩ꺿ࡣ
ν, Եøѹ֡
Ѿ, Կֶǳֵ, 
һߵſھͲɵͣ˽Ųֻ, еԶ, ֽͭǮ, һأܿΪһ
⡭ô
ɻһ֪ôʱųһŮ, ϲ
춷߽, û˵ʲô֪ǲǿҪڸɽ֮еԭ, ȻۺĴʱˡ
ˣ
񵭵šһ̧ͷԶ춷ѵֶ˳Ůȥǰ£ТããһƬ
ԽҸϵѾ⸱ڽ賿޹ȥҲûӵ硣
ˣȴ⻰ŨŨƣ
춷ɨһϴɫ£ȥƥ鲼ϰɣ̫ޣۡ
˳Ȼ֪˵ʲô˼Ǳ˵ǰδף㴩ѣⲻô
춷Ѻվһ𣬶ĿԶȥ޹ʡУȻΡ
춷ѺȻһ䣬˵ⷬҲ֮С
ûʲôرɺϵ£еľֻıѾá
ԼߵڷƷǰƥذ¸ϣȫȥҫ۵
ҵϹܼΪǶСľʣΪ˲ˮ
λټڽǲˣǶλҪĻҲμɡ
춷˫ֽӹϹܼҵݵĲˮȻ΢΢ЦϹܼ˫ͫ޹⣬ǲһŻҳϽӲĨòЦݣҲǴкˡһ뿪ߣתȥæȥˡ
ಡδţҲнϵΪһԣҪʮˡӦö˫ʮˣҲȻǲơΪֻͻȻҹȻҹż죬鿴˭֪ŶڵϣϢȥ
춷ƽ꣬ĿĿһۡ
ʦ˵û
ˡֻүǰ˻ֿ˵ôϽİ£ԿԽ˴
񣺡
᣿ô᣿ȥ᣿
춷ȴ³֣ۺfngǡۺ
񣺡
ҹţҹˮ
ҵĿͷס¡
ǸڱΪóʱȴ춷ѽл˵ʲôҪȥһãȡһķ˿ΪѰûǵ
춷Ѻ񶼴˸жҵɴסԼݣΪԤһ
һϮµȫûںҹ֮Сƾǵ֣òʲô£һ㣬±ӹ۾
ҹñȰջҪ
춷ƿ˴ţ֨һ졣
ϣοյ˿¹⣬¹ҫ¶ĳԾţ춷һۣȻߵǰСؽ׸ƿ
һϮ£ɫʱ²մⷽ鰫ССķľͷڡ
ҪΪֻһ⵹ӳڴϣűǹٱѵ
ô£ǰūأ
ˣС򼱣ȥ򡭡
ˣ´Һðذȥʲô⣬ߣʮԴģ
ǡСæ׵ͷһӦ
ŸOO@@Ŀ㴫ϡ
ãŹ餵ĵطãڹŰյλλ֮䣬ҡҷŵȫϢʱʱмūǰơ
ٴһۣãǡ˼ūƵʱҺ÷ʱˡԳżūļ϶Լá
ȥ춷ɫأѱ򿪵Ĺ˵
λ档ŵӡ
һ忡ѪɫɫЩˣںɫĳ¸Ϊ졣
Ƭй࣬һ۾ƿۡ
ܲôˡ춷Ŵڿ
۾춷üĿȻһȻģ¶ˡɴҧҧ˽ȥ
춷Ҳ֮餣æѹ׸Ǹס߶ȻһƬڰ
λԱߣ춷ѹϣýģûһ˿϶
ֻŮѹһ̣ԼͷҪʱʱһ㣬һš
Ǽܵϵ㣬˴˺ֲ˭˭ġ
΢Ա߲˲ԴǾô벻صŮӵӡ
㡣
餱㣬ײ⻹һ㣬Ǯ˼Ҳõġ塱ײģֽϴ󣬿ǱֻһˣǰԼӲȥڵĿռ䵹ԵС
ƻգԴͣŮأǺô󰡡ԼҲġڰԼĶӿܶҪĵѪˡ
ѹŵͦģ벻ѩŮѹϾ˸˸
ΪһŮȻҲϳˣģġټ⻷֮֮ţҹ֮룬춷Ѵҹʱ˫۶ɬɬģƤҲЩˣΪˣʹʱɻ㱻춷ѹϣôڱ˵Ĺг˯ȥء
֪˶ãǸOO@@ٴδУŹױڣȻ˵СüΪ
ϵ춷Ҳ˰ա
Ȼ춷æ뿪Ȼƿ׸ǣˡܵϵ뿪Щ顣
ǽһ˿ʱ춷ѳ֡
عɫԼϵĨʧԼַŮӵıϡ
춷ѽ
վȺ˲ͷϵ麹ĿһֻݱϺȻӡһ壬Ӧѹʱɵġ
զ࣬ƿ۲ٿֻҪΣεľǱˡ
춷վһԣαóһСȥΪ˷˿ī߬ģ񣬳ʾ˵ͷ
˱Ϣ뿪ˡ
ͷ
һէ֣ɫȾ΢
춷̯֣ƾոֳһöɫơ
춷ƣɫأͨۺǵƣǵſڵʱȻйѰǣֻҪѴȡķ˿ǣͬݸһǰѹţһԵ˳һĽףȻվڳϵš
ĪԼﾭʱ㽫Ӹˣ֪𣿡
ͷ㣬ö߬ġ
춷Ѽˣ΢˿Ϣ˫ֽӡһ̹ǽȻǰ߶ɫҷ
ȥ춷˫ֻӡȻףһ䡣
ǡ㡭춷˫Ⱦī̵ӣһʱеĻֿסˣ֧֧ġ
ңȥ󵽡
Ҫȥʱ춷ʱʱҶڳſڻϡ
ֻöߴǻƮ죬ʣµ춷˵ʲôѾˣֻǾ䡰ſڻϡ


55 
ʱ, ۺǣţɱ
ɫĳŸ, ȫһƬɱ֮Ϣ, ֻúë, ԼϵҲڽʧ
˴Լֱ, ֱ۶, վۺſڡ
Ҳ֪˶ã춷ѹˡһ͵, תΪϲЦݣӭȥʦ㡣
춷߽ͬ, ۿűԼһͷŮɫƽ
߰ɡ춷һ䡣
ѺɫƳָſŵĹ˳š
ھȻȳտž, ֻɢɢļ鸡Ĳš
˵ʱ, Ȼͬ춷˵һ, ڳſڵ˲, дŹٷĹǰѰˡ
춷ͷ͹֮ʱ, һ仰Ҳû, ⳡʥĽʽˡ
Ź̵ģ춷ǱȾϵҪ̣Ʋ˰ī
춷ûӣʾӹ, ǺСĹ, ̤ʯɵʯһһš
߳ϣϢ, ʪʪģȴûз硣
϶µţ̹ϣǺɫӶȾ˲ī̡ͫ׵ҡҷĵ֮
ŵ£ʱʱмѾߵĻ꾭Ҳ֪˶ãٿһ¹ײ
ֻһһǵôʹããƮ֮УôĺȺʳһ۾ͽϳˡ
ϾǹʵǽһĻʱҲˡ
λĻҪȳ˵ĵ˺ö࣬н͸
춷ѺһۣŹ򣬰ԼⱲӵˣӽлһ
ԭ
·̧ͷһһ˲䣬ãͬտҶһǱԶ̻Ҫɢ
ӽëѻɫֻв̬еİףôһһ㡣
춷ѵ˸ȥ춷΢΢ס
ȹѴǽϷԾ£Ͼѹֵķ졣
ߣŹվλǰ
ԭ˫ۿնǶŵģȴǸûһ
·ǿ
˴ŸôڣȴǰͷϣҲϡ
ȴ֣ԭŵĲ춷˭
˫նӾһ˲䱻˹ʡ
üԭΪμ춷ѻӱ顣˼ţ˭֪ǰλǡӡȻע⣬ֱӷ˳ϡ
ø׽һ˿мѭĺۼûӦǿǰյһƬҲԼ۾
ۼԭ춷Ѷüһﲻ
Źվڳſڣ¶ϵųǽϵĶλ춷Զ˸ӣʹǸҪɢɢĻ꣬һҲԵ÷ǳг
֪ΪΣʹĸо
ҲȥǣվĬĬš
ô벻ľǣӾȻǰһԾлһŽֱ춷ɨ
˫ͫҪѿڶĻûڣ֤Ůһ㣬żǽϷһԾ
ô˳ض㿪ӵĹ
վڳģģţ۾Ǻˣʲôɫվ̫ԶҲδ壬ֻǾøŵɫ仯
һԾϳͬ춷һսģݵӣӦҲҪԼ˰գԼȥǸ¡ϻǸɫǸҪĶǳʲôأ֮ǰŬһˡ
˼һȥĽŲվڳԶԶš
λһ󣬻ᰲһ㣬֪Ѷ˵µǸΪͣһһһһʽУ·˶춷ѵԹ޳ޡ
֮䡭йʲôԹô춷Ѿ⡣ղŻҪӣһ˲üۼ
һӿۺǣ춷˫ָ£˫סԴĶʲô
վ·Ժ춷񣬱֪춷Ҫˡ
ȻϷһŷէйӱ룬Ϯ¾Ȼۿɼı
˳üĲɵһԭ촽һһϣ˸ڿնһ乭һȴ졣
׳۶ҵľôСĵؽĿƿ
춷ҲûҪתһ֮ʧˣҲ֮
춷վ̨̨µͶĿ⡣ʾ⣬æסԼϵǿŹ̤һʯݣ»ص춷ѵǰ
Ŀ⽻㣬һۣԼеҲԭûУ
ԭк󣬷Ϊǿҵɫâԭ˿ѩ֮ٴƮ𣬲ְ֣Ȼ¡
˫ۣһ˫ͫӻɽˮէ͸īʼȻڿ춷ѵ˲ȴ¶˾ֵɫ
ԭæӵվɪŵģں춷ѣ״üͷɵһ塣
춷ƮƮɨԭһ
ԭ΢Ŀʼǲ춷ѵġǰȥļ
ллԭüĿչ΢ƣòž˵ڵġ
ĪԼȷ絽ˣЦл
Ҳɹ˴ۺˡ
˵꣬תٿֻԭһԭصģ
Ĵп־壬ĿͶԶȥվڳԶȥĨӰ
ǰĳţֻһˣ棬ĳ£Եͬݽˡ
̨ϵϷӣ֨֨ѽѽĳϷ̨µŮٳŲ裬̸Ļ
ټۺǵϿգǺڵ޼ʡ
£ǳһҿգһǻ
ԭӣֻüӡ
춷ǰֻ̣ǲŸܵõĳ
ԶɽƷīԹϢɹΧš
һͻȻէ롣
ҡҷ
һλȴǵˮӻԭأĿԶȥٿתͷûС
ȵʱѾصҵĿͷˡüһɽʹ裬ӴϳԼӡ
ֻ߱ޱģ˫ۣһȦ߲Žָ³׿ˡ
ֻˡ
֨֨ѽѽϲͬǰۺϷһ㣬ÿ˿ңÿֻܲ޲ǻԾ
ˣһԵıѩŮʵЩƣӦǴ˴κķѵĹ̫˰ա
šһʵô£
춷һ˵ĻǼѴۺˣλˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ񲻸ţٴʵ
춷ףϺŵЦ⡣


56 
, ǱȥͬҼһټ顣
춷˵꣬뿪
һԵĺɫԭȻѾ˹, Ǵϲĺɫ·ӦþͿԴ˰ɡߵ̫, Ϊ˼, Ծֻһ׵
, ¿ͷҲûĺѡ, еĿܾ춷ѵѣӴʱôһԡ
ɨһ۱ջĿ, ŶĨӰԶɽԡ
ʦ㡣춷ѵļ, 춷תŮݵ£һĴ£ⲻɵһ
춷Ӳʵ
ʦ, ·ʵ̫ϲ, ȥۺ, ȾþЩϢ, ˹, ʵûѿɴѽ, ʳָԼ´¶϶¶һСƬѩ׼
춷Ͽʲô飬Ĳ봩ȥҵİա
ллʦ㡣õ׼, Цеصл½ȥˡ
۵·, ģؼ, ֻԻϵҶҡҷʵǹ簡
۾øˣ˼һѵӷڱǼţȻô㣬ʼնڣȫ춷ϵζ
ѣЩ󣬵Ҳã˶ԵýСϴۺǴϢҲϴһաȴǱ춷ӵڻһʹ̰
еŮüչȻһ峺Ȫˮһյīǰƣ͵ֲʧں
鲻ĳţ춷һųŵŮǰһɫƽЩ΢΢ı仯е㲻Ȼ
һͬãϯɢоֻˣбҼǺԭ
ԭɫǲҰף˫мһȴʺģӦòǰſȳѪ
ȻһǴۺˣӻһĲԳԵҩȵѪʲôΪ档
춷ѺߵǰףҲǴкˡΪǴ˲衣
ڶԭĿԼ룬ǲԼˣŴҲû˵ʲô
λǸˣͷλôԶͬ飬Ϊ²˶λһʱ䡣ҺҶ˱ӻһδζ١
춷ѴȴǹĨЦ⣬ˡĴҵһţȻǲӺԵ
ѹǲſʼ̸¡
ټѿھ˽⵽ҲѸܲʵǰһϵҲ˼ǿĺӡ˵˶٣һ縻ɫ룬ĿͶζҳһλС㣬ǹ棬ȻƢԻ̬˵ú˽Ȼͬ
ʱתΪԼ²ɵһæ춷֮ǰ춷ѵ̬˸òȲʧЦݹȥ
ˡס
̳ŵ֮λĻҵиǸɴֱ˵ԼĿġ
˵һֲԤ
ӦҪ쵽֮˰գȮӺԭҲ֮أϷıȻ˳Ҽ֮λһҵĺƽҲ÷ֹæЩ֮£Ϊҷٸһ
ֻЩʲô֮֮ʱ򣬾֪ڴʲô˼ˡ⻰ǰֻҪһЩȨ档
һºִ꣬ʮ궼ûĺ϶ôżӡ
Ȼ붼룬Ҫھܾ˭֪ϵֱֻһĨϡ춷Ѵʱ۲תϣƶԱҪѿڶĻȥ
֮¿ɲС¡춷ֻôصһ䡣
ȻֻҪһͬ⣬Ҿ֮գƸǰףʱ¶˾նףȻٳɻ飬ǰǶ˵Ǹһ¥ء
ϴŸ˼ֵİԭһĬĬ
ٸǼʱ˼ɣϾ£ΪʦĶҪСʦúúۡ
£춷ѱЯһֻص˿ͷ֮ǰǴӦǣ˵պٸһ𸴡
ͷУһ
ʹԴ֪Щʲô
һ̧Ůӡ
ʦ㣬壬Ҳôҳ׼ˣҪϳʥԺôŮſԼĿǻ
Ȼʦã򷨣ʵҲѭԼİˣף˳ʥԺɱ⣬ѰԼҪĶȻҲǲڵΪġ
ǣʦ㣬粢ûҪĶ۾
춷ѻӭ˿ܡ
ʦ㣬Ҫģ㰡һǿԼʣĵض˵
춷޲˫ʱ˵㲻һĹʣҲֻգۼˣ쵽ûͱڲȥ
춷Ѳüͷ
ոǷҲˣ춷ѾȰӦ޸ԭ޸ԭͻһԾĴ֮׵ҼҲ˿ÿʥԺԱȴǰȥʸ
ĴӦˣ춷Ҳ²ؼģô޸ԭһԱȴ̨Ͽ˶ս춷ô
վ̨¼ĨὣɵӰ̲סʹ̲סô
Ҳһ;ΪɣӦŹ棬һ飬Ҫġڵ·ϣÿˣܻͷ
춷˵꣬ۿͨ죬վŮӵ漷һ
޷̽춷ѵģģֻĻҪ¡Ҳ֪춷ѽҼ֮λҲһͼ
춷ѲһĲżҰģЩܵԱȥĿ¶ˣ㻹ԸǸ˱䣬Լº͵Ĵʦ㡣
Ů˵ǣĲˡ
ޣǱ㲻ްɡŮӵһڲ裬
ŵܲסţǼ仹Ϻŵζʱȴֱʹѵġ
ѡľֻнܣ˵ʣĲ/ء
շתѣӲѡģֻԹܣһ󘄣ڷ˵ģΪһֻСĻһκ󣬾Զˡ
ҼޣǣһҪ󡣡
ǿŲˮ£ҧгݵ˵
춷ϵЭаıյǰĮȻӡ
ĿȻģнľ֮һ㣬һСѪɫֻŴ˹Ѫ졣
ǱΪҧѪġ
Ҫ㣬˯һͨ˯
£񴽽ǹĨЦ⣬һѪֺұиǰδеĲ񣬺˿εڱصá
춷һŷͬʱȴһ㺮˪ʺıһ۲գ
ԡߢ


57 
ߢô, ǹĨ޵Ц⣬벻ԭɾ˵ⷬ¶֮ʱҲޱ˵
һǧľ
ʼǿ˻
պȵ, Ž֪, ĪҪ̫˵㡣
춷Ѵ, ָнô, Ƿô, ȴûз
һϮųȻɵλ˲ݿ̽, ôĶϷĿúܡ
춷˵꣬ûжɫ¶, ˵ֻǺĵһ䡣
ȴʧĻ, ںġš
ʬ, ׸, ҲĪ˰ա
ҹٵúܿ, ֮ϰȥΪ, ҹ˾֮, ҿͷȴǺҡҷһɳϢķΧ
Űɫڴأ˫Ŀƽû˿, ʱ, ǱĹŷһһ, Ĺˡ
ü۱ӰͶ£ֶζУҹӿŮüȻƽٵӣߣѩ΢΢΢һǣ㡣
Ů߹һ̣֮ǰάֵ侲ȫȻʧӰƨ»ŵĻ̯Ŀۣ׷ûвʡ
˵Ŀ⣬˸еء
бӰɫͶ£ĨӰصϡŮӾ㱻ѹȴǱԶΣĵȻ಻ɵһ
춷ңɿ¶һƬѩ׼Ϊͬһһ鱦һ˳޷⣬£ֻԼСӿһԼȫҡ
ԿʼôŮƮƮȻ£ҹ磬Ƹӵˡ
ǺŵϢǺգѪһƬѪһĺҫȥԵˣȴֻԼĮȻ
˿ĭظȥòʡ
춷ǰŽߵӣľˮ޲ʼƽһ̲ˮһ
ֻǸܵ˵ԼϵŮϷʹʲô춷Ǳ㱡µô
මȻһ£ɫһ󼲷绮ǰɫû壬ӦʱԼѾ·磬ˡ
⿴˳ָٿСһļ״ʼ֬аʵ
̣ÿ졣
֮ȫ£˫ֻоһȵԼֻܾ޴ı۾ĴУŮ϶е޲ԡ
ѹϾǸԸܵ۽ɨԼմ
ҡҷסĨˡ

춷Ѹָܵһʪд춷ڵӰ΢üͷŮģ˴
ʦã/̫ǿޣǻҪš
˵գֱ춷ѽ£ϣδŮڻУֽԼһϵ´ϣ̤¹ӴصŶ
񱻱ڻУͷ˵ظϣЩξĸоͷϵºҹ΢΢Լϵȫ
һߣ¹µĺˮˣ˾ںߣͶ£ķ˿ƶȾףȻЯŻбŵŮһˮ
վô춷ѷʵ
ŮƺһȻ˵ͷ춷ѼˣŽ˴ӻз£ܵˮ⣬ﻹмֵ/ʱҲϴòˡ
춷վºˮУֶ
Լϴϴգϴ㼴̻Ҿվںϵ㡣
춷˵꣬ͷҲصĻص˰ߡ
һˮ㱡˵áߢģôһؼʱ̾ͷˡ
/ȼգڿ춷űֵ֮࣬һԴЧ
춷Ϊʲô߱ͣ˰Լ¶ôҲҪɾеĽڲô񲻶
ںһ֮ĵ׵ȫʧ˲䣬طԼû·ǾֻܽĿͶȥŮǸоĿͶżˮ棬ˮ漤һȦȦֱ紵ɢžʹȫָֻͣƽϢ
ʦ㣬ûѡŮȫˮ£ֻ¶˫۾
춷ѶƮڰУĿɫƽ֮Ĭ˻Ȼٴνżˮˮұ㡣
ǰŮӳĻȥ
ŮӵβЩҲ⶯ֻ˫ֻסĲӣԼľС
صҿͷ춷ѽŵϣۺ뿪ˡ࣬Ǵ׿ϵһĨȾѪ죬ɬޱȡ
ζӳ£ԼҲ˵ĸоĵһΣô˵÷˰ѩѩ֮ϣĿۡ
ƿۣɴ಻ٿ۵ԼİȻԼǲѩǽڣշת࣬˼ǧ
춷ڴҹ뿪ȻҲȥԡȥˡͷڱ۵òУһʱеľ㱹
Ҫ˯ˣ춷ѻ˯ô졣ǿʹԼ˾һҪ춷ѻһ˯ſԻص㱾
Ͼļԭ֮󣬱ټˡ
Ҳ֪˶ã˯ǿϮʱһģ೤ϣ͵һȻۣȻʱ⵹
Ŷϵ۷ŨŨҹУֻ췱һǿͩ£ͷϵһֻΧŽǻ
˹ӡ
˼صǸյʥԺһ졣
춷ѽ쵽һȽƫƧݵĵططҹ䣬ͥ뻹һټǧͩ
վߣȴ뾹Ůȥ
ֻǵõʱԼʵͩĻнͣϢ𣿡
춷ƵػӦй̧˳ķȥ
˰֮ʵʳͩܣȪ
һֻڴϢûˡ
ֻϧԺֻ춷Ѷ˵ֻƬδʱ춷۵׵ɫ
ԣǴû
Ȼû壬δ͸ĶʲôĻء
񽫽Ųż˫ĿȻӡŨŨҹɫŮӶ¸٣תʵ֮񲻽һ»ƳɵĻһ
ʦ㡱ܿƵ߽ỽһ
µŮֻģ́޲⣬ŲУǿ͸
ĪһžŲɣ⣬⣬ʹ׽͸ġ


58 
ҹ¶, ʦóŮͣ²ٵĶһ˫ӿʹŨŨҹɫ, ˫Ҳô͸
ʦ㲻Ҳô, ҹ, ¹˶,Ҷ˾ͽҪˡ߽Щ,վ춷Ȳ࣬쬵Ĵ
춷,˫ָڱվš
ߣԿǰŮ½µǣǴ˿,񲻽ҲһƬ
Ǻǣ춷ѷһöͣʵǱŮ˵ֳЦˡ, ̸, պȷʵǺˡɻ, Ӧһ
, Щ, ĨԽЦ, 㲻ѾԼ͸ô
춷ȴҡҡͷȻϵѪģֲҵġ̸, Ҷ֮Ҳʲô˭˭Ĺϵ
Ҵϵһ繸, ʲô̲ס˵
໥ο壬ҪοĲ, 㡣춷Ƶᡣ
ǸܽӴҲᶯˣҧҧˮ¡
ͷķ˻ڶӭߺȻһֱͷϷĽͶȥ
ʷ˾ģһ߽˼ȴȫŮȥˣĵĬĬΪԼ̾˿
ǻ˻ꡣ
춷ѺȻ˵ʵһֱͷҲֻ˻ǵķӰˣõһ֪Ǽ١
̧ͷϵķˣ˫һƬɫˮ⡣
ԭ춷Ѵǰ˵ĽɫϢ֮ͩϣ˼
˻ǻ˻꣬ҲٻꡣľٵҲлˡǳ˽ǳͬһ˴С
̧ƵطӰӰͩҲӰ߲汻Ͷ˺öɫĹߡ
ʦ㣬ΪҸһաȻ˵Ǽдįģʱȴװ۾Ů˵
춷Ѷ˶٣Ҳûܾ
һ˫ֱôʼϲŪǲַǻˮʯӣˮ汻ʯӼ£һȦһȦ
ƵҹĺʯӼһȦǳǳһȦһȦɢֱ΢ʱţŻᱻƽ
ǣƽʱδӵй
΢أ
ջĿȫȻǲٵϣͷȴ˫ʵúÿ
ָܷܷմˮֻ䵱һ㹻ˡ
Զɽˮչһ˴عʱĽ
ߵԶŽã
һľܵʱӮ򴫳С
ֻȴҲʹٵôĴ棬ããҹɫУһ˿ԶΪء
һ£춷ѷӣᱧһľ٣վҹˣȥЪϢա
˵գ̧ˡ
ںͷĨӰȥſʼŲӣ̤ǰ̤ͬ·춷ѻȥ
˷Уһţͼ춷ѱһ̸ǣȥ
ʦ㣬ʲô΢üͷʵ
춷ѽ̸ǷŵϣŻӦȻЪϢ
д
ⴲһ˯Ϊ˷ֹҹ/𡣡춷˵Դǡ
ԣ˴ٳ
춷˵ҲûԼ˯ʱԺлǷ£Ȼʲô/𡱡
ģĺģ춷ûܵôæҪοһ
ҲȥŮΪɫԼĬĬתص˴ϡ
ҹϵ࣬һѽӸǹͷԼСǻһůĸоԺҲȫԼڴϵĶ롣
һѽƿԼȻ
УˡȻľҪ춷˵һ/

һҹȥĳ˳ҹδߡ
¶Ƭ࣬ǲɫ춷á
ڹӳʪѹȸбһ˺ܶ࣬ǵĵĿͬʱϡ
һЦģǣԸΪǷ˲衣
˼ôˣ
ûſڣǵ˼󣬲ɬشĻСŮѾ˼һˡǱãܼΪޣҵĸ֣Ҳ˵һҵõҵİҲһ绢ġǣѾ֮ˡңѾˣﻹ˵á
Ůޱ˵ⷬһʱչ˽ǵĿ࣬˵
ҲԸܵ춷ͶĿ⣬ҲᣬĿɼ㿴һˡ
ﻹĪҪЦˡɤƣĿŲֻôһ
ҲδЦŮɫأ˵ѵģ
˵仰ǵĻʱԵôˡûգձøΪε
˵ĺͰϢҲ̱ȫȥֻʣâ¶һ߰
ЦǿãɣϷھͻĴΪһĪҪһҾŪˣ಻ʰ
ǻ£־뻽ҽʦ
˭֪ǰȻһӰ˽Ķ
ף
ԭѥһ̤üĿɫҰء
ԭɫʲôϲŭֻʵ
ףҲϲȻ⣬ǻ븸ײҪǿѡ
ԭʱȻˣȡǻȻɵǧһ֮𺣬˲ɷļ㡣
̧ȥۿӵɫûʲôȥϵǡ
ֻüۼһƬ࣬Ǻ˿ֲһǶӸˡ
սȣ¶һ֮ʱ
žһʹ񾭡
һϮۣİֱŭˡָֻԭüĵǡһһǺģվֻϷм䵱Ϸǰɣ
Ǻݺݵ˵һΪ·ԭƮƮϵ춷ѶˣԼǱǼһ˦ȥ
ߺһԲȷŻžÿ£һ˿ͷˣʣµҲŶȥȵ˶߿ˣ˻ԭء
춷ɵ裬αοյС
ԭǶᳯǶһҾĿȴ춷ѵġǿжȴС
ԭлλ
ӵĿ⣬ЦһôͻȻ񣬵Ҳ֪밡
ۺ
ԭ˵һ룬ͱˡ
ȥ£㲻Ҫˡ
ԭԣЦֹס
˵Ŀ϶ȥԵŮӣȴ춷ϹЦ⡣޺⣬ȴЦŵģ΢䣬ǲ
ʵǱʲôණһľ
˲һۣջĿ⡣춷ѣһԭֵúܡԭҲһ
ԭȻ֪ϵģҲȻǵۺϺ춷Ѵһܡ
֮䣬һʲôϵ
˼󣬵óһۡ


59 
ֹһ,ٴȥã˵ˣĴҵĸ, Ͻһ,һ, ·
ԭº, ·λ, ֻϵ˲ݺӵͬҪĿһ
춷Ѻһ, ǰһӡ
λĻ㶼ǩԼհա˲ˮ˵
޵㿴ңҿ㣬շһ̾Ϣ, Ըա
Ǻܿͷ˵īۣζӳ£Ķ, ڴ˿ˡ

һ׳, ҵļλϼ뿪֮˻Լһ˸϶ǳ, Ͼ, ˭Ը֮һСλ
, ձ֯Լȸʽ, ֪ɻǰȥμӣ
ȻǻġףòһЦ
ǰ׷Ŀȴǿ͸Ѳ֮£֮ն
ҪŬ, ҪǶȸ, ΪＴҪϵļ֮λһ
ǺǣȻǻġҲ, Ⱥ϶˵ʲôӦˡ
ϸˮ䡣
Ͻ׶ɢһأһƬհףֻʣһƬãȻĿŴصīɫɽ͡
ɽôˣⲻʵ
ҹˣɽҲȻˡŮԣŮһۣ˳ص
Ҫ
ΪʲôҪ
ΪɫҲϲУɽ
׵˫մʱǺһƬߵĨøĴۣ˼Ůɫ
춷˳ָŽ׵ıתһȦһȦֱǷۺָⶼȾ˾ζͣ¡
һ˫ԼеŮûκζɫ
ոŮƴ߽ġʲô
δúù۲ҲδԴʲôСֻһϲǼȱϲ΢дˬ΢磬㡣
ɫ
ɫνѾϰ˶Ȿ͸ɫϲԺѵøеĹ¶С
ǽһֻΪһŵĶơ⣬Ҳѱæµȡľֻ²ɣŨҹɫ
ԣãֻҹƮµĲлνǶ˵ǡա
ŮӾԴӿҹϴӣеһ˿΢Ҳʹʧ
춷վ˿ԼϵŮǲ˫ָŮգл񡣡
ûӦ˯øͷһǻʱʱĵһƾӨ͸˿
˿ôŮӵĿ³ɹһɫۼ
춷ѣ
ҹ죬һĨͦεӰվŮͼֽŮָһһ˯еŮǽܵýġ
˵˿Ҳֵĵط춷Ѿͷˡ
΢΢ƵεŮ࣬ȻٽŮȫ§뻳УԼظ
Ů˫΢ţ¶Ž׵ıݣԼһֻСèһ춷ֻԼüǴҲøˡ
ڻؿͷС·ϣҹɫããס˼󲿷ߣһĨɫɫôȻ˶˾һͤС
춷Ŀһ˫ͫӲ
ù춷ɫĮȻֱԵ
ǰԣȻŴȰ˵˵£ȻĿĴﵽˣǾŹЩ޹ص˰ա
춷ѲֻĿ⺮Ӷӡ
ʱҰĴˣ˼ԭٴοڵ
ܺԼˡ
춷ѣ޹ģҪȨʮǰҵİˣ㻹ԭ˲ͿԴɵĿģΪʲôҪʱǣĿ˽
ѵǵһΪӣͶ£Ȼ󷢻ֱ·ô·ǵһרΪһǾͻ޲ߣ
ԭӿڳӵǶĶ͡
᣿һ£ˣ˶ûüֵˣ㻹ô
춷˵꣬µһԵֲǷ˿Ʈ糹졣§Ůָ֫Щ
ֻޱشԭ߲ȴԭס
춷һۣɫȵ
ѵ֪Ǻһ𣡡ԭҲǰ˷˶һ京ŭĻһ˼ôѿڶˡ
Ҳ鱻˼ǺޣҲ¡춷Į˵꣬һ§еŮСﳤȥ
ֻԭһվϣǱ紵ҹһҹ
ӴʱһʶܵľĴʹ̼ԣоܵǰյòǿ

˿΢΢סʵĲ־ֳĽëߣֻҪһ۾ͿԿľɫ춷ѵüüÿ˫ü죬ǱϢüͷҲһСɽ壬üǹϢԵø
ֺȻԼȫŮӵĻͬҲŴŮӵһ˫ϡ

Ѻʱ뿪
Ҳ׼лȵ춷˺ѡ
صҡ
ոձ۵һŮ΢ƴžһۣȴǽߵ˶۾Ǳϵġ
ˡ˯ɡӦ³˻˯Ůӡ
ɲݶſԸܵá
š춷ϵóһβӵ
ʵ춷Ӧۡһжʧɫա
һ¶ʺĴһ¶Сɵ°ͣһȥµǡ
۾һ˻ʱǰŲŮӺȻִ࣬§˸ˡ
춷ѽ°ͿŮͷϣ۾һ¾õģȴȫӲҲҶ¾ŮӡͷϾĺǺһһ¡޲òԼġ
춷ѡգ鲻Խؾôƾð仰
Լ˵󶼱ԼһôͻȻ춷ѵ֣ߵʱ
ħô
˿ĭ벻Եȴһ˫ĿȻʱľһƳ˫ͫƽɳһƬɳǽƵģҲ޾ġ
춷ѾôֱֱҲηض˫۾˴˺ںϣ֮Ȼߡ
Ӵˡ

ҽҵˣӴˡŮӱ˵ֱĿԼ·Ȼһǣ
ʦ㣬ˡ˵벻һε溰֣Ȼȥˡ
ʲôֲʲô˵飬ңﲻʥԺڹУʲôԼɡ
ҾãͺʦȽЩտʼûӦƬ̺ǵһ
Ҫʱƺһʱ䲻֪úʲôˡ
ô춷ѽѹһһĺʵ
µȻڴζôо춷һʵĻĪġ
ǲ˼ػصȻ
ţǺá
춷ӦһȻϵŮһձ̻ңȻһ֮ھͰѼ֮λ°áڶվԱȴˣʱٲμԼȸʽɺǾֻʥԺ
ʦ⼸ûʲôҪô
Ҫ¾ǽ鴦á
ðɡû˵ˣȻѴãҪ´ʱ΢תȥ˼ɾûһֱۣӽͷתϢ֦ϵȥˡ

һʰãڶ׼ʱһĨӰһƬһ㲵ǲϢڹмԭȥˡ
ԭһ䣬񼴽룬Ҳʶһ֪㡭
ЦȻǷġ
ԭҲܻ춷ѵڳֱӴóһСУǰ˵ݣʾӹ
ߴһ½תԭӣӵһ˫ÿһ΢У溬㺣񿴲ס
͵͵ȥ춷ѣȴö춷΢춷û˵ʲôҲûʾʲô
ллĨòֲʧε΢ЦԭϽӹ
նԭעڽ
ԭĽҲǣôҲǡ
򿪿ɡŮӺȻ˵
Ϊվͬһϵģǰ춷ںҲóȻתԣֻ춷ѵע½д򿪡
гֵһīɫC͹ʵīɫĿȴ͸Cɫϵġ
⡭ֹ
ܴóȻЩö°ɡ
᲻Щף̽ԵĿʵ
ˣǱˡ춷Ѳ֪ǲеԭֻ䡣
Ȼ춷Ѷô˵ˣԼҲ˵Щʲôˡ½ǿ顰Cװ˽УУ׼Ȼȥϡ
춷ô˵Ҳһԭġ


60 
帮һ鳤ѱð,ýɫɰīСɻ帮֣֪ǲǶûɨˣ涼˺һ㳾ҡ
춷ѺͬʱۿǸߵҪ˰ſڵż, һžͼСӭˡ
ʦ, ּҪΪʼҵĶϱ, ԺǺ͵¾һ˹ñ˵ϵ־Ц, òߡ
ںһ·õ, Ȼ󽿵εε˵˾䣬
ǿԶĸŮθʵѾʼˡ춷ѱĮȻ, ֻףûӦУҲûз
ڳһ˾͸СһĿԶĸŮһԴޡ
ˡ, Ⱥһѽ̸ϵ㲣ζؿ춷Եһ, Ȼ˵, ȻҲ, Ǳɡ
˵Ҳû˸Ҵ, һ˾ô½½š, ȳԶٷ˵顣ȴ춷һھܾ, 󸮰ݷãң»һһ֪, ڿʱ䡣
ϵı, ȻۿɼĿǶǵһκ沿˵Ƿḻʣ仯ˡ
ɫ, ⡭ӿ˿ͷϵıΪѵ˵
ռ̫ʱġ춷ѿºǫѷȫʲôҪ淴˾þֻǸǫ͵С̳⡣
Ŀһֱ춷Ѻת춷Ҳʲô飬ôֱš
һ͵̾Ϣ£ջһͬ鷿λȥ
ǰ춷ѺŰŸں棬̤ʯ̳ɵһƧС·ɽˮغӳһӵ鷿
ɡǰŴˣȻ΢΢˸롱ơ
һϵйؾɻǲ֪ԼҪλˣ
ôΪ綼˼ò
¡
Ŀÿ£ҪԱߵ춷ɰɽ˿Ĵš
춷Ŀ£ӻóһֽȻ棬˹ȥ뿴
˿ĭɫһӺڵǺںڵƣһ۾Ͱͷˣʱɫʹ˲ҿ
Ŀɨ춷ѻһԲҪǲͬĻǽֶΡĸԸͬ⡣
춷仰£鷿ž
һصĽֽ棬ָ΢΢ָĿȴ绢һΣն춷ѣкȵŵĿˮ罦Զ
ΪʲôҪСӵ׸ʲôԻֵô
һⷬʲô˼ͬҲɫ࣬˫ͫ΢΢
Ҳ춷ѵ׸ôش
˭֪λɷǵɾȴתָס°ͣȻͷһѵˮǡ
һʱûӦֻ̫еĺתҪѪӡס
ݵһ뿪춷Цſ죬ȴվĺ棬ɢ겻ᣬģѲ֪ƮĶȥˡ
Իã𰸻ô
㡭ǡָ񣬽ͰͰҲ˵ʲôĻ
ƣ˦䣬ŭĿԲһǵһ졣
춷ȴǹ˴ǣƣƣҪԼְɡ
춷Ѷ˵ⷬʱϸĵķȻˡһʣ˵úܡ񲻽Щ㱡ѵ춷֤ΪʲôҪԼķʽô
ͳŸ˵Ŀ³һѪ̧ʼǹ£Ůӡ
Ůˡ˵ǿЦأϷȻᱻԼŮָһŮ˸λ㲻Ҫλôǣ
˵գȴسһһɫǶŵ̵ĳ޻գôһѸ춷ɨ

ͫһһֽŮ˵ڵأԼƺһƤǷһޡ
ʹʹʹᶼˣʹôſˡܵһδζҺУ춷Ѿȣƽɫʱڶ˿ϸ΢ٿ̧Ůĺ۾ȴŮβͨ죬ë϶顣
춷˿Ȼ˫ס˫磬ԼƿԼվһǳ˽ôαóʵС
˫Ŀɺ죬һѸ춷ɨ춷𣬽ֻһȦȦӰڶֱӽɨĳָɨ˻ȥ
һӡԴ
һӡԳŬȫ׷ѡ
λʵ׿ֲʲô̶ȣʥԺĵôô̱ڵϣЦЦ
ҽ¸͢ٵ֤һһڳôžֽ͢˭ĵӣ춷ֽ꣬һӡһԲεСӡɿƮȻһ
ſڵ˿ѪǻҰ׵ĺ϶ѪĻ֮׵ģǳǰ˲ϵ
춷߽϶µ΢з˺ݻһ磬ұػʮ
˫ĿǣĿп춷һֽݵĸǰ
뼴ǩĴɡ
仰£͸֫׹ȣǺ̶ˮݣͫӳһѪ˵ɱֻƤļһ
ŮнӹֽͱʣΡΡſڵǩ֣Ȼһգ˹ȥ
Ͼ걻ɢ˸û꣬һǵķ֮λǲòˡ
춷һֽϵȴʹ۴ޣָס춷ѵ䣬һĳɴ£𡭡ҡ
춷ѿüͷٴȴһŵ֡
ʹңͷŤȥͷؿǰӻڲͣĳ鴤š
ˣôѲְ·ô춷Ŀ¡
ԭһһŮ£춷Ҳٹ£һֽ§ڻУﳤȥ
Ϧ£ǰ׿ȻлһŮ帮СϣƮ
ķģ춷ͣ΢еŮʵ
۵ŮȴǼѵҡҡͷҪ˴ۿͨ죬òģԼҲѾʪһƬȫŮˮ
춷뵽ǵԼеᣬôĿɬζٳˡ
춷ĿȥŮϵۣȻǰߡ
ȹû˵ĵضΣ춷ѾһƵŮ΢ѯʵСԺĸ򣿡
Ů춷ѻе沿־ĵӦسµĻСĴԷǰ߲ԶǸ·ҹգյͷ㵽ˡ
춷ףҴææ˾䣬ţлȻͱӿ˽ٶȡ
ϦͶĽɫԽǶȾλõůɫ¥ϵķһбӰ
·ϵҰƮݣһ·ʯϣС߹һƬŮ˵ĴԷ
춷Ѵۿʵ
ɲ˵˫ֻץסŮӵѡ춷ѵ춼Щˡ
춷ѼûӦҲĬˡ
صУ춷ѽŵϣȻԼв֪˸ʲôߵǰŮԷԸĿ˵ӣſš


61 
˵ôſڴ, ŮӰŪ
춷СŮѾѪģ˵ĺϵ£ȻǸСƿӴ˶Ѱɫĩָϡ
ܻȽ, ŵ㡣춷˵, ̧ȥŮ顣
Ů, ڿ޻Ц춷ֻð̾Ϣ, Ȼֱ֡
ڳҭ, ҩ۰ƤϺһҲˣͻȻʲôƵġ
춷ֻɻ, ȻͿʼͿĨݲɳӣҲ, ԼҪϼҽλ飬ȻҲûϵᷢô졣
ǻҪȥμҵʲôȸʽ, Ҳ;оͽʧɡ
Ǵһֺ̡
춷뷨ɫ, Ůһ⻬, һ뻹Ѫ۵ı, ζĨҩ, ˵, վȸʽˣҪǶһȥȸɽ˾Ҫڰ·ˡ
ûӦ춷֪, ǽȥ˵ġ
ˡ춷ΪͿĨҩ, Ӵ齱վһɨ, ɨ١ıϡ
֪ģȤζ춷ѹʹа̺۵ĵطһȥ
ողšຣûһȴ춷벻Ͷһƣ춷ֻǱģ̹ʹͬʱš
һš
춷ȴĹ˹ǣȻϴ֣һˮǰһֳӣű¶ڿеıϡ
޵춷Լǿ£´ȻһĲߡ
춷沿ȻǴǺü΢΢һһģ˲ѿʵǺõġ
֪ĨЦ춷ѴᵽʲôȤвŵõġ
ôЦЦÿȻ˵
춷ѲۣĵһۣЦҲѸ¡
ŶЦô춷Ϸʡ
ҲЦЦˡ
ǡ춷Цһ󣬶˱û˵ˡȴǶŲԣò˵춷ЦǺܺÿġ
ִＥЦΪȥӭ˵ЦʵʵĵЦ
ͣһ˫ˮڵƹԵ٣Ʋһīһī뵹ӳһӰӡ
նԼȸô춷ҹͻȻʵ
˼˻͵˵ͷ
ŮһǷϲŮԼʲô޶ǺĲԴ˻ǺĵġǻشֺȻһ⣬ָԼ䣬аʵʦ㣬ʽֻĴҵĵֱϵſȥģȥˣȥأ
춷ѻָĮȻȻǴڹУ
ʧ䣺ðɡ

ϼէ⡣
帮һ綼ææµµֵġ
ڴǰױã˸ȽķʽȻ󻹽ٳϸϸǰȥ·һ
춷ڴߴѣһֽ°£ϣȻߵ񱳺еӳһգĻϲתͷ
ʦ㡣
춷ѵšһȻΪ߱Ƚϵͼֵּɳƣ˵Ҳ繹˵ģμȸʽǱ磬شΪΪҼء
ͨУȥŮӵĴɫȻġ۽΢΢Ƶ϶Щº͵Ц⡣
ȥ۵׵ɫҹĻСӣƴȥ壬ɿľֻʵһȦ
춷ѴǰǴº͵Ц⣬Ǵӹϸгһһжˣת˿ҲԭټĻָ˹Ǿİ
ΪЦûɵģϿģڱصõСЦ⣬˵αӣƤҿʼ˺ʱ¶š
뵽ɫٿĦֻľǵ춷͸ġļ񡱡ֻһֱͷϣɫ󻬣͸̴ζָ࣬Ȼٷ£ָϾȾ̴ľζ
Ŀⰵ봹£ס۵׵ĹʣȻ£Ȼվ
춷ûˣŮվתŮĶͷֱֱס°ͣ춷Ӵ¿̧Ҳͬ
㣬ǻôӭǺŲмʵ
춷ϸüǾ棬Ȼǻǣʦúγԣ
Ϊʲôôթŵ⣬ٴʵ
춷Ц𽥱£ȻĬһ˵𰸡ǣ춷ûзǾĻ˵ȥ
ǼʱթҲֻΪıȡʳʱթˣ˽ǵƤң⳾й棬ҲͬҲǡ
Ĭ
ÿ֣ǧܽô
㲻³֡
춷Ƕһ磬ǲ̳񣬲Ųôĵαӣֿ϶ǰǸ˸Ͳ
˵ϸ춷ٽڵǸʱѾˡտʼҲֻǻɣ춷ǱϸʩʲôطڿԶԶֹôˡ
۽쪡һʶŹܺ⡣
ֱָǰˣϵӳŮЦЦӡ˴ЦǿëȻ
ܿ˶ٴζǾ޵ȴİģİİ͸ԴһѹΣա
ǰŮȴĨЦݣòָǱдԼǰƿһջظ
ҲҪô
춷ѵдü΢˶ʱԵǻĮһһɢһɶˡ
ǣʦˡ
񲻸ȥֻǴæ࿪ʱ쵽ˣǻǸϿȥա
һ󣬱æƹ춷ѣԼİȥ
Ѿ˼ϵĵӣǶѾڳźöеˡˣһҾȻ춷ʱɻ󲻽⡣
ǶǴطϵģû춷ҲΪǽܵλǵĳ£ͬҲҵʦ㡣
ǼŮ¶ȵı飬Ȼ춷ѳЦ󣬱վԱߡ
ļȻ˵ȥգڹе
ⷬʱȴģ겻ĵ˵ͷȻ춷ѾվĿһԶȥˡ
㣬¶ãǼ˵Ķ˵߷棬α˿ء
еһŮ˵ⷬģ͵һ¡
߷棬αô
ǿĨЦݣôأ¶һֱǰԴءĪҪ˵˵䣬˵µӢۺúɲ١
ͨ͸ŮЦġ
ˣǸԻ֪Խʲôأ綼ҽһ
ӫ帮䡡ոŮһϮϣŮ죬Ͼһ֮ɫ
帮ס
ڷʵ꣬üĿɫװƾ棬һֻȫѱ䣬΢ǫѷ˵
ߵ帮ºɡ깰֣üȻ뵽ǽϳкҶ
ϿɲҶ
µ帮Ȼü۰ϢӦ
ˣɻ帮񡣡
ҽ꣬һЦ


62 
һȥһ, ѾǼҳаˣרŸǲμȸԼʽļӵġ
Ͽʼ꣬гֻӺ
ϸ˿, ﳤܲ,ʶȾһ㽭ˮīɫ, , , ·ڽϵʡ
Գɳɽĵͯ
ﳳֻ֣ǴѰһȽƫƧλ, С˲ˮ񽫰ƴĲյУҡš
ˮ, ̶ŮҡηһССĿⲻˮҲ˴ǣ΢Ļ, С
Сһ, ˻, æеĲ, Ȼ߻¡
кҪ
˻, Ȼ̧ɫʵ, һΪƮѩĲ裿
СŲתһתȻͷЦ, Ȼе, ƮѩΧڣͷҪﱸͳһ̲, ҪĻҪԸ
ԣӶ˼ʯʯõϣ촽Сʶ֣ô
СôÿĹһ˫ˮԼȻǺҶƣֻæʯȥĨΪĵЦݣ˵˹ˣԴƬ̡
£СԶ۾ַŶͷ߷Żָüġ
㣬ǲǲŮ䡴յǰʵ
ƣ̧ͷһۣȻջĿ⣬ǿǿĨЦݣ˵˯ý룬СһáСݲǽһѱɣƮѩζʵҶҪúó
ֹٿֳԴôʼĿСһۣԺֵȫݡ
۾ʱͷѾС˲٣ǻµġǱѵģһ̧ۼȴһİӡ
¿ɻ帮ģ
۵׵˯⣬ǰŽŮӻصǣֻǲ֪ʲô£
Ůѩ鶯͸һӶڡ͸֮УŵǰѽĽһرգټһͶԼĿ⡣
͸ȷˣǰŮһĳɳֱϵˡ
ãҽճ衣Ҿ֮ӦùͬáţƳҪ׼ܾͻȻ˴ļ
ֻԱ˵㣬ǳ¡
ƺʱüһ˳䡵ĿȥֻУһ˲ӳͷ꣬ߡ
˫ͫæվճ
ʦ㣡վ£ȫֵµˮγɵһɤӺҲ󵽵жͶô
ϵŮסһȣϵŮӸ߹䣬۵ɫһ񿴲塣
ȥվ¿ȴһ궼ûС춷ѱ΢ͬš
ɫÿ
Ҳ֪ǱóһѵɡУһټĵɡȾīɫôͷɢеͷϵ걻ϣ֪ؿɡĺÿָ
ôߣ춷Ѵʵ
ջĿ⣬ЩȻⲻôжв㣬ԱڰµĲ˻ͣ
ұ硣춷ɨѾʪ˵ĵ˵
εؽԼһߣǿװԼĲȻʵʦҪȥ
Ҳá˵գ˲һͬɡӳͷߵͷ춷ǻ۲춷ֻҪĪЦʱ־ǰһֱ춷ˡ
ߵſڣ춷ѽɡȻϣգۼ㲻ˣֻ档
һͬŶʱ˵߶۵ϡ춷ѵλá
һۻûߵճ裬ѡԶĪ͹ڨˣûкøеġ
ϵļŮòԵĵ˵ͷ춷ҲһЦǼѪµɫһ졣
ǸոСʱҲ͸պöһ̲ˡһյ裬͸װģ춷ζؿһۣȻ˾䣬Ʈѩ
ĵ˵ͷȽյΪǷַˣȻʣµһյƵ춷Ѹǰ
춷ѴҲ˵ʲôôӹˡСյСӦ˺͵ͷˡ
ϵһյƮѩðɫСȳӿȥƮƮתתĸһαð͸¶˿Ρ
ճ衣
ճָ˿Լ½ǣһο˵
ţճ衣ոѾ˵ˡתͷɫŵͬʱмġ
ճ˫۾˫Щ΢죬ʧ˻ȻżæصΪˡƮѩ֡룬֪ʶƮѩģǶȻҲճһ֪ˡ
չ¶ҪֻӴҲֻһˣνƮѩǳһͬҲ֪ԭΪƮѩĲġʼһζʱֻǾõĻ׽ó԰ˣҵڡʵҶԲ˿裬ҲƷ
Ȼ÷ڣҲһƷ춷ָĦڱյأ䲻زһ䡣
ճͬʱĿ⿴ȴֻŮŵصֽģȻڴߣ˿ڡ
ʦ˵֮񸽺͡
ʱСֽʣյݸճһյչﲻǶƮѩô͸㳢Ȼ·֮󣬿ǳԲǵĲˡ
ճĿ˫ֽӹ֪ЩʲôͬҲ춷Ѷյطڴһڣɫ棬·һѵһɵġ
ζЩȷʵƮѩճ˼룬۾Ȼ󽫲յ£յóһۡ
ĲȻҲǱȲռҵġȻԼҲѧǵģյһڡ
ǷŪˮĶʼѧᣬֻǷڴԵһڡ
ճ淺һ죬û˵ˣأһŲ衣һֱתڶ춷ϡ
ո춷ѳԲĶûʲôͬ˵һ㡰߷棬αأԭֻԼײ֡αװˡ
ͣˣ׼ɣ֮䣬һλͿȽϴǼӺȻվԼ۳һ˵
ӵҲվ˳
ĴңֱϵɳһλͷģȻϵֳλһҲʮˣĿ಻١
춷Ҳվ񣬴ͳһУȻݵǰ㶫ˡ
һ£һʱûзӦԭԭߵʱ͸ĶҪ춷ѷóͲء
ҪʦҴϰɣϱ㲻ˡ
춷ԣд򿪣һīɫC͹Ħָ֮䣬Ħ˺һŵͷ
״һЦ
Ȼ󽫱תȥ˳ٽԼͷ¶һع⻬ĲܵĨٴϮѵòЩǧеµȻ
·ǺܾöûôĽӴˣ·ѾܾûŹϵϢˡ


63 
½ںȻһӲ, ϣĨʹʱ˵һ, һ˲, ̹ǡ
ˡ˵Ļ, 㼴ת, Ƚ½ó, ؿǰճͬ춷Ѷš
춷ĿȫȻǰǿϣ춷òƌ顰C͹ܸȤͽָ, ǰ˵ݡ
ʦǶʲôоʵ
춷ԣæջĿ⣬Ȼ΢΢˿ؿ, ²춷ΪʲôˣΪòΪʼ֮˵ĺԲż¡
øѶĿ⿴춷ãȻŲջĿ⡣·ŽԼ½, ȻǿŲ¡һ
ʦ, ˡվǰ, λ緢Ůһλ˵
һȥʱǲˡȸ⼸, Ҫȸĵطغ, ֱȸ鱻Լ֮ʽɡ
ȸĵصһΪ֪ɽɽ, ̧ȥɽصһƬ, 롣ɽ, ơ
е˰ɽǰ, ʵԶ·ˣһ׼һ̾ĲЪϢº׼ǰõˮ
ǻƤ棬ߵʹţȻһţƤˮҴߣǳˮҵ֣Ȼ˳ϣճ
һȻŰڰ֣˵˾䡰ллҲǱľܾˡϲҲͱ˹һݾߺˮ
ճ赭ЦЦ󣬾ô
ҿ촽öƤˣǰ·Ҫߺܾãܳȷȣ
ۣڰһȻóһͬˮճǰ˻Σ˵ֲûУչﻹԸȰɡ
˵գףˮ̧峺ˮôÿĻȣ󲿷ֵˮŮУǻմȾЩˮա
ճ迴ˣ̧ʱæƿ˱𴦡
㣬һҪҡ䡌˵˯
СӦáֻҲ֪ûСȻ̧ۿվŵ꣬Ҫ˯Ļ㶼˯һɣҪʱ̣һǱǡ
ףºɣһҾȻҲͶСˡ
ﲻ˯ôճʵ
㲻Ҳû˯ôһԴϳɵҡҡͷȻʰ˵ϵһ֦⡣
⵫һһڻдһ춡֡ճԱ߼ˣԡ
ͬҲѧĶһ֦дһա֣㣬͸żֶҹɷ裬мֿƺ쳾ļȻ
ʵμʲôȸԼʽģΪռΨһĵճŮòϵļݵĺμӡϲ飬飬ĹżϷЩϲġճͻȻ˵
ǲģ˼Ƭ̻ǾûòǲŵšһʾԼ
ߵʱ򲻹ǸͻʼûоЧ
ճֺþãܲˣҪѣճ輰ʱֽĿ˻ȥ
ҲСҪߵʱǵýҡճ˵գҲûӦûӦƫŸԴôļϡ
ճϢһһĲϣЩģ񲢲ǺϲĸоЩУǲ֪ǰǰŮ˯̫ڰꡢ˵Ϊİˡһ̣ûнճƿ˼Ƭ̺ճ迿š
Ϊ磬Ѿõ·ˣɽ죬Լȫ˶ƫԴС
ּˬɽ磬дϸɳһӿţ䡱۰죬ͬʱճʱӦѹʱ˰գȻ˵Ҫ˯ȴһⶼδС
ٿЩҵӵܣµҲȫں˯һˣһ
ҲҪҪһΪ·񡣵۲룬ȻһϸϸӿڣƱƢ
۾ֻߺȻЩģǻǿϡǰЩӵһһ֮£ҲԼߵ
ӿһ˿õԤУһ⡣
տ֣ջǰסϮ֮У׹ڶһ̧Ҳ¡
ȿͷӵݱ£ŵֻһյҺƹӰͶ£ĿȻ
ĻʲôּϮеֻ޹޳ǰס
̤һһյƣֻǵƷĹ̵ģټ᯼ţ˵úܣ
֮ӵһյһյƾճ֣ȫʱǰŵľһưܹ
Щưˣȥֻһo
һŮӣ˫ʮ껪һϮѣȴòУ߰Ƴδֻһȴͬ»Ļ֮ӨǰݱʦƮǡþͱһ˲
ɢԼһͷڷķ˿ǰЩģߣǻǿĿ֮ա
֪𹩷ŵo˭ֻ֪ˣɫȴη֮С
أӿռẈ̂Ȫˮˣһһ±زţۺлĴ
ܶɣ·Ϻƾ۶˳ӿһһһ׷һˣǧĳĭƵĲ
ǧ
ӾӣӣľȻ仯츲صı仯
ͷתվ
ֻվڸϣתЯŵǰľһ䣬ɽӱѣҡضҹĻƱһֻ˺Ƭ
±ߵķ磬еķ綼Ҫࡣ
Ůͩ¸٣۱ţҹĻͬΪһ壬ٺһһ̾еǷꡣ
ͣ²ӣפ͡
ͩŮѩĳɢ֮䣬Թüۣɣ¹£ЩȾķ˿ҹϰϰ˿Ʒ˿¶ӡ
٣Ϊ٣Ϲŷ֮׹ͩǡ˰֮ʵʳͩܣȪ֪֮ͩģ컯֮Ϊ֣˷֮ȡã档ͳˮУİԹν֮ҡ
٣òƼкΪٵһ뵽һ˲еͣüĽʹ
һ̾Ϣһ죬Ůƽת˫ˮټһ˲΢ڿн㡣
ֻ඼©˰ģһͣ⡭ʯĻ˫ˮ㷺ֶĿȴôĳԶһִûп
ŮŲһҪˣȴⷢӺƱʲôһ㣬ôѶá
Ůʧһ¾ߣ˫޲ͫͫ޵ףһӳʻ˫ͱһ㣬ǧˣ
Ůسһ³׹ϣƤˡ
ֻǰһڣʲôˣ֣Ůֳֻӣͷһ̽ȫȻָʱŷ֣ԼȻһ顰C͹
CģȫԺڣһȣ繴¡
ͷͨڣ滹Ÿοջƣȴû˫۵ġ


64 
ŮӴóһ֧, Ȼ󽫱ʼĭմĭȡıʼ˵ɰ
Ȼմɰıʼôٿص۾ϡ
ʼĺëһһ, ΢΢ʹĴ, գգۡô۾ǲգֹ, ΢ʹбȫʧ, ǴȴС
ת, ̫֮У߻ͣ޷֪˭ӽǿ硣
ֻؿŮһ֧礱ʸ˵΢ȥ, Ϊǿϵ۾ī
ֻԼһʹæۡ
ۣŮѾ, ɽ±߾ֻʣһӡűѪ£ڵϡ
ˣǿ
Ůӵǹ۾, ۾
ʮָԼ˫, ٿֱ, гȴԼĺѾʪ͸, 𷽲ŵǸξ, ڶľġ
ɰãã, Һ񻹱ȸղŸˡϵŮǶߺĵбš
ǿϵճʱҲǵ˵ϡ
վܣǣôˣôֵúܣҷŵǸξҲֲ
Īʲôණ뵽ﲻ, ֻԼƤˡʪϢ͸ּ, ѣ뼡
, ѡճȻְȥǡһ
ʬߵ˺ŮǣģЩˡȭͷ׼ԸߣȲ̽
̤һͱԼԼջ˽ŲƳе۽յġ
ֻΪǿҵűԶֽͭǮɣһأɫúɫдһġ塱֣üһʹԴЩκĸ˼˻ôľӣ
⡰塱֣ûִأƤⲻЦ
䵱ôɵ£˹Ϊ֮ơ
²ȹҶ죬ȹɨ棬մ˻ҳҶɪڷ̧˲ӵҲ̷ֻ໥ײе졣
ʵǹý
·Ǳд̵ͽǰµϵƤĴʹ
Ŀ⳯ƣĲɺϵĻڵǸλȨ߻ǷǸ֮ˡ
֫Ӳһ˫ͫӼˮɢ񣬾ôŴӴ߳һɥ顣
̧ĸˣСͯɫңϸƵĻҲֻҰգ˵ǣһʧȥ׸еı鶼ûС
һǲĿ⣬Ӳؽͷת¡֨һΪͻأǻľ׮תе
񲻸Ҷ࿴ֻװȹģϸϸţ˼۲ֽͷת˻ȥǡ¡֨
ԶЩŵҵ°͡
װĲǸˣ˵ǣװǸʲôȫ㽩Ӳˡ
һ
ۡ

ۡ

ۡ
һ߳¶ǰͶһչ⡣Ůīʱȴǰ𣬷бһöۡ
΢΢ӣ׶ҡҷѹȸУǵصϮѪƱסˡ
šǰͷһϸæס
װĴݵ뿪ʹâڱԱ㲻òͣĽŲתȥϸ
ϸúˣһſݵϾһ´Ĺ֣鶼ǻɫģ۰׸ǻǣǱ˪Ķͷ˶µĺۼĿߣص޲ýǧˡ
û˵ϸȿڡ˲ãϸ㿪˵֪ⲻ֪ɽںδ
˼Ƭ̣ϢҡҡͷҲ֪
ϸ˼ĵͷŶǹ壿
ļⶼһ£ǿſ־壬ִǸҲ塣
ǹŲϹȥģǺ
һġ
ŶǺѿ壿
ȷ塣
˵ѿǴգ۵׼ɫƽ
ǹλģｫԭˡϸƽȴдޱȵĹƻ
ԣ˻Ȼһѽϵǿ͸һէ͸˵īɫȡʱӭŴ֦й¶⣬ҫ۵Ĺâ
ۿ񼴽ϸУǾ͵ϸҪʱkuangһ̧ĹײͻȻķѡ
ѵľһ£۾һֽ˻۽Ҳʶֱϸ۾
ǽгֵȴƹ׶Ůˣ׷£˫ͫѪޱȣ͸ɱϻŶ˵ĵͬһȴû˳ʱС
СʦֶӣϸҪȸ飡
ľܽվϣû˵꣬Ŀ˿ѪѪڵϿݲϾȻۿɼ˲仯Ϊһ̣Ҳǵ
ʦš˫üæľܽӭ˹ȥľܽӻڲţһ˫кҪֱѩء
¶ˣͱ¶ˣϸҪȸǿԼҵڣҪҵѪͳһֻ˰޵Ѫͳ񣬾Ⱦҡֻˣ
ľܽ˵һôȻȴĿ£˫ҲǶˣ˫ľܽطģ涵ǰҲ緢Ůˡ
һҪһҪȸ飬Ȼɱ˹ϸ裡ľܽ˫϶մѪֻŵͷ
һģһġʦھʹӳƬӣǾɽȥԼȸ顭
һվҲסô˲ͬߵһ£ҭ£סľܽصתҪӳȥȴľܽط˿
УԼȥҰЩͬ飡ϸ˶Ҳܸߣ
ʦҲסҧŲҰǽͱ֪ˡ
ΪʲôҪٱЩŭģʹΪĻǧһ֮ʼǱܡ
Ȼһһڷ˵
ľܽƿ۽һһƮ۽ĽưɽХǽâ磬ֱɨǼͬ˰̧ˡ
Ǽľͷһ̧ȴؿƶһͽߣһһϱһһϱһһϱһһ⣬ȦȦ㣬Χ档
ǿŶģһЩ̧û𿪣Լ֮⣬϶һĳۡ
ãȻЩ̧˸ûʶһǶȴǲˮж׼ֿ죬ݡ
Լ˵ͲǵĶ֡ǲ󣬻ӡԽƿ
ЩС


65 
, Լս֡
һ
ǵãһ֮ǰ, ʱɣϮ, һͬɽΪ֤ס
ʱڳ¼Ҵ¹ǰһֻ, ֻӡ۽βϵء춷˵, ʵСôսʤ, ԼҲ֪
ֻǵԼѾصʥԺˡ
ۿЩ̧˾Ҫٴγˡ
ԷɿתţŽָȫ˵ǿŽβ, 飬Ƿת, ȫɢԲʮ֮⣬Ҷ֦ȫҡһأ۵, öϵĶϡ
ò׳ۡ
һԵľܽ¶, ˫ͫ΢΢, ֪ҪʲôˡʱǺ̬, ϸ춷ѵ̸ġ

ͣסľܽ˫ſڵ, ָϻһ, ȷӦҪʲôʱѾΪʱˡ
۽˫ֱ֣ͷƬָȥǺѩ׽һƫתֱָһ̧ˡ
۽Ѹַɢɰ˽ѩײӰ, ָÿ̧ˡȻΪӰ, ñʵŵ˷ֲİ, İǼ١
˫۳죬ɱŨֱкԲʮ˵ѪϢȾ˫ñǷ˵Ұһ㡣
۽βԲڷ죬һźͻɽŽһӿ
ءһ죬էʡϢŵҲһɢɡ
˵Ӱһ˲ֺΪһǽڰеģʱȴڵѪѪŽϵһۣ⣬漴¡
϶ð˺̡
ľܽкѪ˿۰ס˾㤣һѪΪɢܵ˷ɣأǸ
絶ᣬľܽʱᵽˡǣˣΣʹģΡ
Щһжǹϸġ
ӰбӰҡҷڵһأԷǷٴλָļžֻʣХ
Զɽͷ类һīҹУɽڰġ
ľܽ˫ȴŲشӵ绨񱻸һңһŻ˳ҵ顣
Сʦֶľܽ߹ȥһֻվñֱŮļŮӱ紵ģڴȾϵѪȵϢıС
ľܽüͷʶ塣
ԭֽһŵŮʱȴӶȾѪζ
ûֻ˫ۻɢرµĲҶ
˫һֱǼһƬˮģɾ͵һӳ˫ӻ᷺һƬˮ⡣
ʦ߰ɡҴȥȸ顣
ľܽصŮľܽرɬҪ˵ʲôɤȴǷһ
㲻ҪЩͬôľܽʵ
ҪһŮ϶뷽ͬ²ɣģýȻ෴
ľܽȴǴŵЦʵ¶ߣͲ¶ȸ֮ڸô
Һθɣֱԡ
ľܽأԵ꣬˵꣬ǰθأ

һͬ뿪ƬӣľܽΪЩεŮ˽ҩΪﱾͱϸһЩ˻Եҩۣڹϸԣѱȹϸ軹ҪԤϵͼˡ
տʼľܽҲǲ²ϸֻԼҪȸˣ벻ǣôˣϸĻô࣬ǱȴǰҪϼ֡
ˣҲ֮ǰ˽ҩʱҲΪЩŮǽ˶
ҩⶾҪһʱѣľܽؾͳʮӳƬӡ
ǷģΪЩȸ֮زҽ˦ԶҲòˡ
еٶȺܿ죬ǲʱ㵽ȸĵط
һҰڸ˵ɽһɳҰҹҡҷҰݾַƬ״ȥǵĻȻƤ
˼Ƭ̺󣬻ǽ۽ٳýȽߵǶҰݰǿ¶ǰһʯ
ȸɡ֣˳
¹ҵʯͷϣԵֲֵɽϴҹ绹еġ
Ҫȥľܽʵ
ֽջأڱϸϸͷȻ¹⣬ŵֻǲ첻ص
ָ߽ʯϵĺɫ塣
ǲҴطˣɽͨİЩŷɵĵطϷ˰۴ֵĺɫĺҺ̳ɵС飬ԼǼ˵ľ֦Ǻȼµġ
һȻͰֽʰ𣬷ڱǼָ֮Ħһ
ζȫʧòˣҲѾЩͷˡַŻԭλãȻվתͷľܽء
ʦ߰ɡ
һ̤ͬڰƧɽսһƬһֱֱϮӱ紵ĺ죬ֱ͸ȫľܽͷбŵĽҡҲ紵÷Ȫˮˣ̡
ľܽ䣬ණ󵽿һǣСֻһסҲľܽϽеһˡ
ľܽΪ˻ӣǰԶ·ůƵƹڹҫԵøΪɾûʲôеİ׹ǲкʬء
ɽģϻõ·ֲһ·ž֣ⶴϾȻͼ
ľܽһۣȻ󽫻Ѵյǽǰ
ڻϵʱĳٱ涼Щˡһֻȸڳֱڻʼĵطֻȸȴͨëëһ˫ͫ鷺ǳɫĹ⣬ϸϸûеͫСһڵġ
ôǰǸһ
ѵ֮ʲôôʱֻϸ˼֡ڶȥֻܺľܽ˳ȥ
ߵʱڲֻȸˡ
ֻڻϵŮӻòɫĿǶ̳ϣȻǹһ󣬳̳ϵĺŮӿͷݣѼͷʹ϶߹ճɫȸͼȸûġ
ҿòھʲôʽ
Ҫȥȴһʱֹ֡ƫͷһԭľܽס
ԿľܽصɫһӱˡľܽͫеӳŵԼôһ˿һˣҲֻ˸ʴŶѣⶴй̫ԭա
û룬Ҳûľܽ͸žֵɫֻľܽضŴֻסָҲ΢΢ˡ
Сʦֶ㣬۾أ
ҵ۾ʲô˼ơ
ûˡ
һͣæ۾ϣȻôػΡ
ûôʦ
ˣˣľܽϲ֪ͻȻʧԼˡ
 СʦֶǲĲǣʲôĸо
ĸо
˼ľܽ˵Ļ֮ҡҡͷ
ĸо˵ϣǾ۲ҲΪԼ̫˰ա
ջľܽס֣վԶЩۿһ˲֪Ļ
ٿЩȻʧˣһǧ֮˼̸ᵽˡ
񿴳ˣڻϵŮӿйǿҵϤϮָоһһϮȫһһռ/壬ԼĻǡ


66 
, ڵһˣȴû߾ڶ˿߳ʱľܽɫб, Ǳ˳ȥ
ֻɺ۵Ȼ, Ӻڰ߳, ķֶ˼Σյζжζ
崻, عȴľ̯ܽ˫ֵǰ档
ۿЩʪ, ľܽصļ򣬵˵ʦ, ģ㵹Ҳôҡ
񴽽ĨɬЦݣȻֳľܽر˸, һľָֻܽƽظܵľܽԭļи
ǶӶ߳һͺñһ޴, , , ҲƵ˸š
վǰ, ɫƽ, κˡüĿ, һ˲仹һɽ̤ˡ
Ƭָָ̺Ϸӡ
ľܽػ⣬ִļֻৡһ, ЯľܽطɵϷ
ľܽϸӡסѾϰ, ϸԵֹõǿ̣ɥʧ˹, ھȫÿ䵱ˡ
һŷǴԭǸϹתתת˺þãŲľܽصϢпջĻسѡ
ľܽ˵ȥʦĴá˵ִϷ£Ƿ裬ƮȻ¡
¼ǲ֡
䡪һͻȻɽէ
ֻ۾ĿأƤ񶼵һأϧɽݲЩڵʽҪóȻж˵ɽʹ˱أ
ǹһžҪԼڿն𣬷ɵǶıⶫ;޴ޱȿ˿Ӱݣӻ֪ͦװϹӣ֪ܲⶥϻһˡ
һǻףٿ۽ҫۡ
ֺ߷ֽ⡣
۽Ůϣ鶯·γ˹ʶ˽һϺ𣬽޵Ƥëĥϣۻ𻨣ϷסϮצӡ
ֻԼҪһĿڳѬιȥˡ촽΢ţ΢΢һ磬ʹձøӽһһ𣬲֪ʱͷϣȻ޷˦ӣſڹϣ۾˫ֻŹƤë
һ˲ֻö߷죬ԼҪ˦ˣͲ˦˰ӺʵܲסɴԼ¡
˫кȻӳǴ˵ĶδӦȻһ
СǰĴײɣֱֱӺɫʯǽϻ£һѪףϲ֪ʲôطƣʺѪŽ䣬žʹӿſŵľܽء
úľܽĿϣ۾ϷѪЩŮ˵ɫͶ
ľܽشӻͳǰӣǹ￴ʱ򣬵棬׳һĻߡ
ȻǹľܽǸ򿴹ȥˡ
˫ͫ˫üһСɽˡ͹룬ſڵϵŮף˫ӡһƬѪɫ硣
ָӿһ˿ֱͷϷİ׷ŮˣľܽһȦʱƽ
ľܽؿһ󱲶Գ˵ǻ뵽˵ȴǷѣʱֻʣԼһ˵įС
Լʲôܶõ飬ǿûй֮ʱһʱȫ
벿ɲڡ
һϢŮٿһԾֻī˫ֳ۽Ƶ糸ǹıȥ
ɫͫﵹӳϷŵǸӰӭܻǳ⣬ڰսᱻĨȥ
ǿģд棬ɲϢ
һ뵽⣬һ˲ȾѪâѪһڿţͦ۷衣
ڶѸ֮ƣ˫ֳֽܽڼ׵ıʵǱ뵽ļӲˣʹ˶ȴôҲ̲ĺڼ׿ǡǱһתܳɹİ˦ȥˡ
ӵ£³һѪ˫촽Ⱦұ֬졣Ҫý֧Լվȫһ㣬᲻οվһءſڵϣЩȻʧЦ
ǡ䡪ҧҧ룬ԼܿͻΪĸʳ˰ա
ǲѪŨˣľֻѪɫһƬıʲôҲƲˡ
룬һҪô
ԸܵԼˣ˵£ǱȻٵģֿ뵽ݴƤѪҺ룬Ѫһʹ̡ǿģһ룬һ
绮ߣ½󣬱Ǽײ޵㣬ۣȴֻŮǾ׵򦣬ѻƵĽëԼ޵׵ͫס
춷ѡֲɵøŮӵ˫ӣָжôʵ鲻Խһ䡣
춷ȴֻƵشһۣŮɫЩ΢죬ƻе㲻˲ĻҡԼǰľȾһ㵭糺졣
ҪҶ춷꣬ƿۡһֻøߵˣ˫ʶظŮӵ½󣬲ԼЩʱָĳ˫ֻ
춷ѣ
춷ѵϿʲô飬ȴҲû˵ʲô
§Ṧɵϣζؿ۱סľܽأҲʲôûʣľܽصԣȻ˫ָһ£һէֳϵŮӿȥ
Լһ㱡ĽΧӵٲ⣬浴һƵӰ
춷Ϊ˽ϺͶ˵֮һ裬·ɵǹǰһ˫ͫӴͭ壬滹˺Ѫ˿ɢеĳϢòˡ
춷˫νԵû˵㡣Ҳ֪ôˣ춷Ѻһֻ޸˷ܼһȫޱȱ꣬ͳªǲֱˡ
͵ſȣ滹ӿɫҺ壬һ޴ñצŷҲҪǰŮӻ춷ʹֱֻóһѳ֧
š쪡һĳ죬һ󵽿Ҫɽİͷʶһͬʱ
ǡ顪һ죬ɽһﵹ·Ҫ˶Ĥơ
Ѫɢȥ˫ҲѻָָԼǰǵϣŮӵ˿һƱϸСﵹ¶΢紵ԿһıĮȻ
Ůӵ̤Ʋʳ̤ĳ䳯ǰһӣǰĽɫһ˲ʧӰ١ͬľܽؿҲǡ
ȥľܽطȻһ¡


67 
غ,ԡ
һֹΡ
ȿȣʦ㣬λľܽ, ǰҲʥԺĳϡվľܽؽܵ,Ҫһա
, ԵľܽȴЦ, һֹ, ϸ͸ż־ȣ΢Ÿ,Ե˼ٲȻɫСʦֶҲ, Ҹʦ㶼Ϲˡ
ľܽ˵˵žͷһЦ
񲻽Ƥʵû뵽֮ǰйµҲò̾һͬһ绹С
ͬһ, ͬһʦ

͵͵վԱߵŮӡֻŮǻɬ, ûʲô, ѩ䡣
ľܽһʱ, Ǳִյ춷ǰٴο˵, ʦμӰʦʱҽԺ, ͡
ˡ
վԱʼĬĬ˵ŮӺȻڣľܽŵæ졣춷Ƴļľܽģֵ˾, Ǹ
ްްľܽذڰ, 춷ŽƵϣ˵˵Ϊʲôһ뿪Ȼա
춷ֱֱת, ˫ӡ
춷鿴ܲõӣǽҪĸһЩ
Ҫڣȴľܽһָȥˡ
Сʦֶӣýˣ㵹ȽͽΪλͻȻľָֻܽһЦ绨춷Ѵս
춷ȴǲźۼһ΢΢ףصʦôˡ
ľܽȴһִϣGȱ𳶿⣡
ߣʦԸȳĺðɡ
춷ɫƽ˵Ϊҵĵӽʧٵ鱨浽ң⼸ͷķзұڹУҲõһЩʹ˸֪ɽѰ㡣
죿ʱץסۡ
ǽ첻ôͳɼˣ
춷ɫЩ΢䣬ֳ߽һ˵ʱĿ˵ءʧգҸﻨһգգǵˡ
ǲŸոս첻һ˲ֻϸ˼֣ɵ˿ĭ춷˵ˣëҲȫˡ
춷üգ
ľܽس˼һȻһԸ͵ȷա
֮ٴ˳Ĭ
һ˲þ£һֺֻȻ춷ѵ䣬ʦոʱϵıڻô
ڻδ춷ҡҡͷ
ֻȸûͫڻ˵ʱֻȸǻΪҲͬûͫģʦ֪ԭ򡣡
춷˵̶꣬봹˫ֽţһ˼ģ
ȥա춷˼һ̧˵뻽ľܽһߵģľܽߣһֱ֡
նֲȥˡ
춷ԭ·أ춷ǰںһƬֳ˻ѣ춷ȴûеģôأҫǰš
춷Ѵǰ£ٳĺɫԵøƮȻͶµһƬλá
򴽣ǾŻ׷ȥ
ʦ㡣
񽫻춷սЩҫһ˲˶˵ӣѩײ˿һ㱡ɴͶ߲ʺ⣬͸ͬҹеϵһȴǲ˵ˮһ
춷û˵أԿǰĵ·
ȶһ·֮춷Ѳſڵ֮ǰ˵Ǳڻϵﶼû£ɷ˵һЩ
˼˺һ˵ֻһȸһû۰ף˶еġԣŮϴĴеȸͼҲûġ
ȸͼڡ춷ѽյĽЩֻǶ૵
ȵǵڻڵʱǾŻֱӴս˺ö࣬춷ֻĬĬ
һΣһμǸ
ţԼָܿƵĸǻŮӣ˺һγһ͵ػع
Ӱţŵ¹ŵǧǧڿնĵѵŮӣƯڿУ۽ǻһᡭ
һУõͬʱĿǣģ
æ۾һ紥ջָһͷһ˸ûˡ
񲻽ԼڵЩį۾һȻôظΡ
Ǳ춷ѵġ
춷ѿʲô
һεӣɫ΢أЩأתͷԼŮӡ
˫ЩŶ£ⲻ壬ҿǱڻϵŮӺ񡭡ˡ
ˣ춷üͷ૱߻Žվԣ½ӵĿͶڻϡ
ڻϵŮӺڷ̳ϣ˫۴յģûͫ
ɫ쪡һʶ춷ѽֱֶŮü䣬ˣ۽ǻź죬ֻҧ˵֣𶯡
ƽʱǵȻ̵ŮӴʱɫأҧгݵĿǺԼ˵Ż֪Լʲô鷳ˡ
㲻ʲô鷳ҲԼѲ˸ϵ
ֻţŸηؽĿԽŮӵƴ˶춷ѵִŽֱüġһֿձóһӽ͸Ĵ롣
ֻŮӽ˽·ûҪʲôʱüһʹһʺѪҺô棬˳Ǻе롣
ѪҺŴڲ໨Ʒӣգۼ䣬ױѪسһġ
춷ѽջأϻմѪҲûܣôֱӸݵĸǰʾӹ
ɶɺԴֻ˻˫ȴؽ˹ȥ
㾦ˣȸˡ
񣺣
ĪҪһ㾦Ϸ롣
һʱֶòΡΡˣڨڨдŲԾܾŮ˵ûбʡ
춷תָ˳£˿ĭ
ָ
춷ѵͷ
տʼΪѣջ춷ѵע£Լʳָ˽ȥ
ָⱻմȾԼüѪҺһָϵ·
춷Ѳ֪ںʱӹĻѣںͷΪ߾ţǽϵŮӣЩıǼⶼҪʯˡ
ҵ˵һûͫȸ˿ۣҲǻɢģʱģֻһƬϵëɫߡ
ȣСصȥ
ֻǵ֮󣬴ָ⴦һ߹ǱǽϵĴֲʸУҲûˡ
ջ֣ʶػͷŮӡ춷Ŀ⣬ǻɬѶ
ٵ㡣
춷ѻ£һմȾѪ֮ȷʵøЩͼ˵ĸоҲǷɿһתմȾֻħеΣĹϢ
Ȼջ񲻸ֶ룬һûͫĻ
һɵĳ
/»ããҽϷûһʯͼеĻÿҪ˫Ҳ־߲ʵеĶҪգ𺣡
ǣͷƬҲѪġϵ£ССÿһ־ˡ
һ׳۵ĳĩߣжƳս̵ζҵͬʱһ˿ңԶϷһĨѪŰ̫
̫ܱ߷ʮֻ񣬽ڸգʮɲһ˲Ȼһ塣̲סҪȥǾ͵һۡ
Ȼϡ
·һôϹžŸֲ̫ȥ֦ͣžŸ̫Զ񻰴˵ͬҲдڵô
ۣǿ⣬΢ָΪֻϲһĿ۵Ĳʡ


68 
ˡջָ,мдį
춷ֻɬؿŽСӰɵֽѸЩ, Ȼ, ˵ɻǵڹʱķӡ
΢΢ۿ, תͷ춷, Щ, ôʲô
춷ԣ߽Щ, һ΢̧ǽǸ˫ƽʱ΢΢ҹ, ͬһϡͬ㽲ɰڻֽõı, ꡣɻɽˮ, , ʲôطʹʲôط
ʦ˵, ǽϵıڻǵļ¼һδ˵, ǡֱӽŮӺֻȸӡ⻭ڣ
춷ѵͷ, ϴ˵㵭Ц⣬ʱڶС
춷ͻȻĿЩ˼ԴŵĸҲǱ޳ȥòˡ
ǽϵ⸱ڻĻǺܾηͿ־ġ
һƲ֪ӡ˶ĻǴʱȴҪ֮, ٴλ, ǧ, ʱԼǳƻӡġǧˡˡ
ȻվŵŮȴǺȻƫͷϡ춷˵ҪҪȸ飬ͼʣµĻˣҪǲ룬ұȥ
ڻܻأʶطʵ
춷ϱһû뵽⣬˼Ƭ̺Ļشĺ֮ڣϾ֮䣬Կɡ
ЦˣҲ֪ʱַǵỨ
ĺ֮ڣ֮䣬ûҵһ֮ء΢չתֲò˵θС
еġ춷ȴǹ𴽽ǣȻһЦ
ûٽ춷ѵĻˣҧҧٴαȥµһδ㾦ıڻ
ȸ飬¡
һҵҪ㾦ĵطһһȸıڻˡ
һֻȸϱڼ̳ϵĳɫëȾѪʺ죬ұļϸСĽרΪСġ
ҲǶ㣬ɫϱ˲㵭Ѫɫſţ˻ӿѪҺ
ΪͷҪѼĶ㾦Ŀ϶ࡣջҪȥʳָ˼Ƭ̺󣬻ǸΪСĴָ
ռһʺĴָͫףº˻ؼؽһ飬ǳһʻĻ档
߰ɡ˵꣬־ҪСָͷϵѪԼϿȴ춷һֹס
춷ס󣬱𣬴ﲻ˽ⷬһصı顣
ӲҪԼϡ춷ѽסַֻſݸһ
áŸշӦȻѸٵؽӹ춷ѵӣע½ֿ˸ɾ
СĴָɾǷԼʳָ˿ĭʵʳָѪЩҪˮͿˮȥġ
춷ɢʮ֮ʵǽŵˣ򵥲ԼʳָͽӻŵŮӡ
ҪɾͷԼϴɾұɡŮ΢Ů˵߻Ǹʳָϡ
ðɡʵֵͶЩ˼رȥ
ֻǲűֽתһպ˵ĿŮӣŮ˫۾ڻѵҫģɬۺﲨضŮӿ
춷üͷʾⷬ
ʦ㣬ҿˮʪ˲ôȻ
춷ֱؿ֣㡣
ԣĨֲʧò΢ЦֱȥĨ˵ˮָȻʹš
ˣɾˣתЦеص춷ѵ潫۵ȻؽװԼİ
춷ѱۣٿ
˱Щ׼һա
áƤЦ
춷һǰߣߵһҪ㾦ıڻǰ
λŮӣŮؾ£أ̳Уɫˮڷ纣Ƶ뷲ӣɲȾס
վǻŮӵǰͬûͫӵմѪָڰУٳδ֡
ô㣿춷ʵ
ҿ죬Ϊ㾦ֱԵȻҡҡͷ
㾦֮ԪΪӡ㾦ͷŻǣ˵ĻҲΪ档
춷˵ַ°ͳ˼һ
ʦ㡣
ٴξ֣۾ǽǸڻ׼ȷҵŮҪ㾦ĵط
ָѪҺǱϴֲڻϣָ⴫΢΢ʹУһ˫һΣʱŮͬҲڿ
ұ죬ԼָѪɫû˵ֻ΢ŴŮıúò߷ֲ֮ͬΪϵʣԼɢϢͬ
ŮǱ̹ǵģһѳУһʹõƤ۾Ƭ̲;Լ쬵ˡ
ۣһ
ĪȾüѪģҲúôȻԼҲΪĵϤжٳ²ȥ֡
룬ȥһҪ㾦λá
ŮڿնĻ棬ǰذװ£Ϯѣ鵭Įʱ/ֻ˫᷺ѪȸΧ
ʮ׳ۺ
Ҫ㾦϶࣬ŮҪ㣬нŮʮֻȸԼŮϴеȸͼڡ
˿϶ŵС룬ѪδΪʱɺԣֻһһ٣־ֻʣһС̲ˡ
̧ͷһ棬ٵͷԼеĴ룬ģѪܲһƴ󹤳ˡ
ָ˷Լüǵ̺ۣüǵֻڷ΢Ǳ춷һµġȻǳ̣ܶһ˲Ӱ
ǵ㾦Ϊͻ꣬˭ԸüһأȻʧЦؾʳָΪ˲ʡ
ǵΧӵŮӵȸǣȻٵŮеȸĲŮ
Ҫˡ񱳶춷ѣһ䡣
ţԸɹԼȸ顣
ŮӿЦ⣬ͷ
Լȸ飬ұȸ֮ˡҵĻͻһֻ꣬顣
š춷ѵӦǵЦ
ЦݲһУ춷ЦݾΪʲô𣬻ס
ĪģŲ˿̽ľšԼĳװˣ֮¡ԼǳǣصǣľżûԼԼһС
ĨЦݣȻֲˡ
ô㣿춷Цʡ
ҧҧʹţҿڸһϵк
һȸԼɹǽǧҲøΪ˴ﵽĿĶͬ˽Сˡ
Ǳ㲻㡣춷Цš
񴽽ĨЦݣ˵õʱôƵᡣ
ҴﵽеԤԥؽӵȻǧ֮ٹǶѻɵٵ塣
£δ춷ѻش𣬱ۼֿؽѪ˻Ůӵ䡣


69 
ڻһ˲ҫ۰׹, ڵɽһ˲硣ǽӿƺɫֱŮüġ
Ҫ
ϵĻƺɫӿһ˲ңٹ, ǻϵһоֱʧˡ
ϵȻһ, ǻԭŮӴĵȸ, Ů˫ͫΪѪɫ, üļǵ̱һƺɫһĻ䡣
ضŲ, һ˫͸ӴʱѪ˿춷ҪȥҪȴȫŶŮһ¡
ңҧԼ´, ˲ʹݺݵ۳ŮӣһС亹ͬʱǳɫ
, 㲻ôھ͸㣬ôھͻúš춷Ѹſ, ˿Ŀ, Ǵս˺öࡣ
һһƽ, ֮伸ǲߡ
ŮüĿȻ, Ƶ˾ø߲, һסŮ°, ȫȻ䵽˫ѪϣһֻǸָֻȥ˴ϵѪָŮĴͫŲ׽Ĺ⡣
춷ѻ΢ͷ, ǼҪŮĴ, ѵôصʵٵʲôҪ̰ͼȨλ, ʲô
³ıϢһһϣۿüͷҪŮס°͵֣춷ȴԽԽ
˵һߵ˳£ҧŴɫǺ죬˫۸ǺͿһѪͫһ
ֻǰҵӣǧÿ֣ͶˣˡΪһΪ⿪Ծֵ壬벻ǣ㰲ȻеɾãΪʲôҪһһεαװ飬һһεǸǺһ·ˣЩʱ򶼻ɣǲǱȨϴģϸ˻ǣ
񼸺Ǻģһ˺ѷΣΪ춷ס°ͣԱȵͷŮ䵭绨գĵ׵ӵĿҪˡ
춷֪֪֪֪Դҷ֮Ҳҹ˼ǹѾˡңҲĸԸҲԸΪִµһӡ
˵߱ͣ£̧Ӻϲһ춷˫ɹžüͷ¶ۼš¡
ֻŮֲ߼˵Ǿ͵ҶѾñȻ󶪵׼ˣҲſɱؽԭеķ岻ֹһķ岼£֯޵˵һ̵ӽƴΪһŷ壡ңԭ죬иҡЩֹϸôݵ˶㡣ʣ䣬˭ùһƤҵαӡҼһĨ΢Ц֪ԭ⣬ãܸƽĵı﷽ʽ׼㾦ʱȨ̰ģҪʤ֮ǰϲá
һ죬ÿ£ƴҪס᲻£ɾ͵˺ѷε˵һʱⷴˡ
ʹԶԶǹɽȸԼŵʹ
ˣĪҪ˵ˡ仰£֮ʣֻһĨ½ӿ뻳УŮϷźŵϢҭ춷ѵļͷʱˮȾʪ⡣
ʪյһ㶼ܣ˫ҪסŮƿƽʱĮȻɾʱȴôҲϷ֣˫ֻĴ˫
ʱ䣬ջ֪Ĵ𰸣ʱɣգѣ򡣡
춷˵ⷬʱطſۿģҲǺģ̇۽ǵỨ˿ҪԼƽ
ڵģͺƸ
ȻͷһOO@@ѥ̤ݵص˫ͫһģǼˡ
춷õϻæɫ߽һְοĿ˵Ǹĵˣصǣȸ֮ķչֳ
˫ֱŶڣȻûúһ˵Ӱһײߡ
һۼһˡ
Ҫڵֱ֣£붴ڵĲԶǵǽͷһǴߣڻδǡ
ԼóȻܳȥֳָʲô۶ӡѡԼ춷Ѻ
ȭͷ˿ǼδɫŮӣ˵ȥʦɣԼá
춷ζһҲû˵ʲô͵˵ͷȻĻ뿪ˡ
GⲻǸСô
ǡʱһİ˳ͬʱһ˵ҲͶ
㣡ǵķ߽˹ǣؼŮڼʱȵ顣
䡡һ죬ԼĲԼǼдŨŨǻ
㡭䡵Ŀ໰û˵ͱһϡ
㣡ȸѾԼˣǳŭڣˮ罦֮Զ
վԭأӣĬ
ʲôԭʧǱԼȥȸȥˡ
ʲôʧ٣ǹߵ£µʱ˻ȶȸ顭
ǿˣ֮ǰôʧٵϢء
ǸģǼ⽫Լȸ㵽ϡ
̧ӣƮƮɨһˣ΢ЦԼȸҸ˱£޹ء
㣡ŮһҪǽϴáվӣֱӽһ޳ֱӳ˦˹
ŮȴǷ겻ɽűӻġ쪡˿˫Ŀһ
׵ƾô߬Լ۴ֵıӡ
㣡ʵûϵȻ˿ֽӶޣȻͬʱһ˿֪롣
ŮȰſָֻͿƣҪ֡
ȴƳ°΢΢һֽԼ߳ܲסĦƵʹͼʱ鿪ˡ
ûһ٣㽫Ǳȫ˹һȦȦõıӾôС
촽һ򣬽˦£ЩŮֱֱ˼žһ쳹ɽ
Ҫôˣ΢ŵĹʵ
˵ⷬͬʱȻҲǸܵõԼ̬Լ˼϶ܵȸ鸽һЩǱĬı仯
ںʲôӣԼžͺá
ĪҪΪȸͿô޼ɵ
Ҿǿô޼ɵȸҲᡣ̧֣ԼָףǸĵ̬ʵ˺޵
ҲҪϻֱϣʱֳӣһȾôѸײڶ֮Ƴ
˫ͫһ⻹δٳǰͱһŮӸס
Ҫ㣬ӷţĺ⣬ɫͫ滹Ȼһ⻮
ۼֿ죬ǰճƿճ衰һȻĿ˿Ѫ
ֱӱһѷķڶǽϣʹƺһ»ǲԼĿϵһɫͷڡ


70 
ʹüͷ¡
ſڵϵճ˲ʹҴææ, ҪȥĿϵķڳ¡
ȴʱһסճ裡ѵҪƫ̻˽СˣΪ𣡡
ճ貢ûӵĻֻǻͷһ, Ȼֽͷת, ־볯Ŀϵķȥ
ʱ, һ
ճʹôһ, ҪڵֱͻȻϮⵯء
ճ裡Ȱ㲻Ҫ£
һӻ, мСӿסճ˫ۡճռӵܺӵҪȥ, ȴĶ˰¡
Ǻֱָͷ˵ڣ
ǱڵŨüһ, мĿһۣ˵, һϵС, ʲôʱȨֱұֱϵӵˡ
ڣ̫, Ĵһҵ, ȸҲҵģô
Եºɶ, Ҫһѳ, ȴʱס֣ҡҡͷҡҡͷҧ˵ҪС, Ǽϵô
Ӵ, ҵëˣֱӸҸһҵӌţڳ˿ĭ, Ȼڵ˫ֲ߹˶ûӦʱֱһɨºϣһƫת˼лѪϺȻһټӡӡ
G䡺ףһ߹ȥºɷҧŴʹҲҪһֱڼڸԼ
ұΨһĵӣǣǲ
ǺǺǺǺǣϲֲҴģءϲмЦ⽥Ũ
΢΢ɨȭͷյºɣͷءôү㻹ܲӣСүЬңTMһαӡ
ˣ
һŭԲⱵĻһ˲䣬˽ǻȴֻǱǽϵŮ˫Ŀɺ죬һĿڵϡ
Ӵʱ֪άСëˣ˫ֻŽķ
ӣҪ֪Ůûëġ񴽽ǹһĨ΢ЦһɱȻдЦȴ˿ҲûС
ЦӶˣͷյ񲱾۾ܣȻ˵ÿҿûëұڸλǰԼ䣬˳У
üͷ˺Ϣ̿ңһ㶼ûŮӵˮ֮⡣
һһۣ˵ڣ浱Ӿ㱻ڶסҲô
/һЦ
ϣ治ѿ
TMԲ֪ˣ꣬һҧֱӽԼĿϵɫһְγؿϵѪӿѪ
һΣһΣһ̲һ̲ȫڵϡ
񣡡
˲Ҿ㣬ҿҵӣ
һҼءֱ߹ȥһųؿȥڰӴһصڵϡ
߹һŲȵظϣȻ΢΢Ͽεν˺ݾϵһ⡣
ڡϡһĺ⳯ǼȥȥǼŮ˸
ڳ˶ϾԼȸˡںǼҪǰȴһ¡
ɨһۣȻƮƮȻջۡڳҵҲſϷ̬ĮվһԻ࿴
ȸˣɫۿɼѸٱףǣ亹һ˲䲼ա
ʩ֮У⸱ʹģ֮ڡ
ϻĿȡɫڣǿʲôæڶƣҪ
ϧδ˵꣬ɫؿ֮У½Ƥ⣬ѪŮ
֮ܿȫѪζǹѪĴϣһ򣬱㽫Ѫ봽С
ŵ/ʪһƬڳСǧȫüͷ˱ӣ˺ü
ŮŮѪڲΡΡָ־ͱһ£ָӡ
ڲҽһԼƨ
ջظոĽţ׺ĳһ䡣
˫ѪͫŹɱǧԼҲܵɱŨҡ
ǴȸϷԼȷƲסױǣߣסĲʱԼҲѾԼˡ
ȵ˼꣬һ̧ͷһѾˣԭؾֻʣճǼˡ
չôߣЩϵܱЩɻ㲻ء
ճ߲ͶĿڴߡʶסԼĿڡ
˿ѾԶˣչﲻصģȥɣȻȺСҪˡ
д˵Ѫ⣬üһ罣ĺɫ۸ǴĿñĳһ㡣
Ըƽϲ֡ճִϣ彣˸֮ͬеڼ˵ע뿪ˡ
ճһȫߵĲӰʱ䡼˫ǣϵȹߵֻ֣Ц䡣˵ʱ¶˽׵СлΪҫȻȸԼǾͿ߰ɣһҪϢȱҡ
ǣԼֵ˫ֻ֣Ǿϵ¶̵ֹ̣ܣҪɿ
Цգֽͷǿȥ
ˣǼȻȥգһЩδꡣ¶ĵЦ⣬ͣ·ڽ̵СΪ˴µĵ
һɻʵ벻ͨΪʲôȸ鶼Լˣ󹦳ǲأɽյģҲûʲô̽鰡
һصӣӦʲôҪ»δ
䡺ºǼ˼ڡעⰲȫЩ󣬾ˡ
ڽҪʱͻȻǻסͷֻԼһֻСɰ״ƿ
øϵȥĪҪôСһª̣ʱûСϲˡ
СƿлһĻߣ׼׼ºɵУºɡ۵ʱһ죬Щ˼ؽСƿĦ˵лл
΢΢һЦнҫĹâôվԭأĿ˼緢ŮԶȥ
ԼҪ¾ǵȥҵ춷ѺľܽǶˣȻǽȥ
ɽ֮Ѿ׵ˣ콫кڰһͶĳĨȥˣԶɽӭ΢â͸Ŀɫ͸վɽڣԶŮʱ˿תɽȥ


71 
޹,ֲָ·࣬ƶ຿ѲԼ߲ûκδ, ǻñȴǰ, ںڰҲֱް
ȵֻһ֮ǰֱĵطʱ, ΧһȦ, üëš
¿յ, ûм춷ѺľܽصӰ
˴תⶴ, ǰҿտĹֻһ˲ӵ
ţȻķƺ, ͷȴǿյġ
ӿĪ꣬Ž,
Ĺִ, ڰ, ȸһڰΪһ, Եį, İѽڵ, Ѱĳ˵ӰѰ˺þãҲδѰ
ڳĽ⻮ڵذϣ̶⻮ϵ·, , ǡһסŮҪǰĲӡ
Ůѻ, ֮΢΢Ʈ𣬴ͣ£ҲƮˣʵʵࡣ
üһۣұȥ壬⽣ȻͿǶˡ
ŴӰȰѿŵĽȻָĦϵ̵··ӲѰڵĵذûʲô
Ħ˼飬ָͣһ״ĵطϡ
ʹһĹ𣬽µĵذ徹ȥʧأԴе㱥͵ʸС
ɫأֻս˽
ذһȱĵطǡγɻϵŮһȦȻͼ¡
˺˼Զƴ˿Ƕŵ
أ֮ʣһöϣ裬ɶ˴죬ľɽˮö·˫ؾ磬á
ֻоһƬѣΣʶڣҪ١Դһһǰţߵ·ȸܵ
ǰһƬѲ֪ʱˮУˮеȴһˮδϡ۽ϵĸҲֱ˻ĶϿеˮˮΪΣ˳
վȺۡ
ֻһ̨ϷżС۰׳ļ̨Χɱ£Ǵ۵Ĺâ
̨ӵʯĿС衱֡
΢˹ȥָš衱ȥ·ʯôĹǡ
̨λŮӣŮݰ꣬ȴѪ
ľܽأ
һֻ඼һ˲ͣˣѪҺüĽʹʲôӦֻ֫ȴֲиؿܹȥŮԶ
ۿͨһƬˣָ̽̽ۿŵˮ糱ˮӿҲֹס
ʦ
ŮһХµңֻĵڵϣһͷڷɢңǱֵ쾡¡
ͷϴ춷͸ӵڵϣһ죬Ҳٹˣֻǽ˺۵Ůӱڻսϵˮ䣬ʪ䣬ҲŮӵĵѪ
̨͹ʯ̻ѵۣҭ˺öΣԼסŮͷ֣ϴ۵Ѫ͵һǳʵɫ
૵˵Ҫйϸء
ʹͬʱ̨ԼԼԶһƴ򶷵
۾ɬǽԼ¸Ůӵϣһߵ۽ֳ̤صĲӣһһǰȥ
һҪйϸ裬ľܽǰһԸ
ĥϷ΢΢̶죬ŽָףһֻŵȭͷưԹޡ
ߵһʯȥ滹һټ̨̨Ůڴţ˿ײݺᣬѪ⽻档
üһֱһ㣬ʱȫǷѪͫڵɱȫչ¶һѲѩµĽյѩٴڿճâڡ
춷Ѱ߹𣬶룬沨趯סüۣһϮ۷ִǳ˽
춷ԣ˽ָǹɫ۵ķħŮˡ
춷Ե񣬵ѯʵôˣ
ҧһֻۣն˵֣𣡡
ϸ裬ŮˣҪɱ㣡ֽһֱָŮˡŮȴǲЦ˵ȸ֮ٴμˣ
šüϸ˵ʲôٴμ
ϸ߷ߣüſҲǣ˿һ۾ͷ·ڵ޳ëȻ
ɣ
ϸһݣǰӰδ壬ͬǰŴŮʺָ糤ͣ絶ĺָ׼ҪʱͻȻǰһ١
ĿȥŮüͷֱֱס˻ڰеĺŮˣצҲֺ
ͽͣڰеĹϸ跴һԾŮӶ
һαóĳ޽ڹϸУ֮ǰֹǸ˫ͫĵһ㤶
ߣһ˳̨ǰȵͷ¿˾Լգֵȴһľܽص
ããڰάռ֮ڡ
򵽼ǹ˺ƬʱӺڰ߳һŮӡ
Ů˺ɫֻ˼ɫûлڵƣֻССɫͼڣѩ׵ķôش磬һ˫ͫǱڰеĶһ̵Ĺâ
˵Ļͬۺ֣һֱĵףҹҹڿ
ҿ˭
ҿ˭
ҿ˭
ˣԺиֳҹеĻ棬ȹڵϣϸӸһͭͭӳȴľܽصòΨһÿ䶼һлĺɫ̡
ǱӾͻֻԼɳĮЩѣΣӾϱܵķӦ
һֺ²㤵Ҫ£ҪɱԼķӦ

ŮŶ˫ع£ŵ۽ҲֵƤ̨ϣ
񣡡˷Ůӣٿػͷˮʱڷ˴ı仯
춷Ѱ½ϵŮ§ڻУ춷ѺûӦŮС
һ˫ѪͫǶȻգĵĪȻһѳȥŮӵĲ춷ѱŮϣüͷһ塣
ܵŮָս춷ɫҲ
İۣ²ȾĻ˵ϴڷǦʥ¡
ʥ´ʱȴմ˵ϳңûҳˣ޹⣬·һűǧ곾ڸµ顣
񣡡춷Ѻһڱò侲
Ϊ䣬Ҳôݵˡ²Ȼأ벻ȴҲΪνϸ衣ϵı𣬻˹
춷ѻȻŮƤҲûԸ̧
յ鵽Ϊֹ͸һʥԺʣµԹһǻⲻõ͵ÿǵıˡϸ΢ŶеĲм˵꣬ﳤȥֻǸ±Ӱ
춷ѽŮᱧ𣬻˳ǹڵϵĽ


72 
ϸǰ, 춷Ѻᱧں棬һ·϶Ǿġ
ǺᱧŮŮ˫ͫɢͬʧ˻һ,˼ϸ˵һ
춷,ǰĺŮˡ
ȴֻϸأߵ̨, ΢, Ѫľܽر, ˵ɫһһ˲ֲ˭˭ģҷ,顣
ЯʥԺᣬȸ֮ȥͻȥ֮ǰϻϸĿ⺮, תͷ춷˵
춷üü۵û˵
ϸмɨһۺٴﳤȥˡֻǰŮվԭء

ԼѾ˯˵ģҲ֪ԼһС
ΧŰ׹߳һŮ, Ů۲ת, ǲȾ˳þĶǡ
ʦ ԭ, Щǰľ
ħ, ħ, , ǣϣһ, һ
ľֻܽв߳, ͬһſл
ħħ, գǣϣһһ
˼⣬üֲɵýʹ£ľܽ⻰˼ʲô
ħˣħд治ľܽԼһʱ䣬Լܵǣ˵˼һһľܽأһȻ֯һӵξ
ôֻԼԴ͵úܣʱʱҪըһ㣬ŵոõͷеˡ
ЩҡҡλεߵǳرߣҪٿ˵աľܽرĮȻü˼˵İȻɵֻʹ˸еӵԶС
ʦôȻȥôЦ
Ů۵ߣ˵û˵Ļ
ˡ ҡҡͷҪת뿪ŮֺȻ һ졣
ӲػͷظЦһ졣 
ǰ׹ȻʧϵĨӰҲ֮ʧӰ٣ľֻе㯡
ѣٴۡ
˿ԼϵıӣʶԣԵŮ泯ǽë˳̣ʱ۵ף˫촽΢΢һжôáеĸˣ
벻شһɱƣͼŮʱ۵׵Ƭˮ⣬¶ǡ
ŵ˶£ֱӻʦ㣿
ŮģʱѾָɫ춷ѿ۾ͼʱջĿ⡣ͬҲԼɢѣ¶Ĵס
ˡŮģһ˫Ϸڸס
񲻽⻰ʲô˼ֻƫͷɻ
춷ѵһЦЦһѽӳ׼齡
һ֮ʣȴ벻һšϣ춷˾ֱѹ˸Ůϡ
˫ͫɵϴ󣬻ûӦѾŮѹˡ
ʮָۣԸܵ˵鷢ɨԼʱ΢ȻȻ˫ˮĵ׵һ֮һ
ʦ㣬ɡ˫Щ΢죬ŮС˵
 Ǹ춷ƫۣԼŮʮָ۵ָȻԼ±ɢҵۣ
ڵؿ˼ҪŵΡ
춷֮ŷʥԺԭסĵطЩɻ;ȡ
 ʦôʥԺˣǱ۵Ůӣʵ
춷´תͷϲŭ·˵һƽ顣
 ľʦܳӣǶΪȲˣȴÿζ˾ϲ
 룿˵ⷬʱûҧԼͷ
ʲô룬ʲô룿ľܽ˵ģֱõ
ؾѣǵ¾ȥҹϸ衣 
ǴµֺȻ̧𣬾Ȼ춷Ҳйϸ衰 ʦˡֱ
һͬߵ£ֱƣվԶȥƾͺƾ䵽֮ϣֲҹľĶǡ
͵ֻ
ںһ͵ȴǲˣֻľܽɱ˹ϸ裬Դˡ
̾˿Ե춷ŴƮƮؿһۣȻ⣬Ƶ˵ ľʦ˳üչɼҪ˵ˡ
ȥӣŮ۵׵ӳŵǳ쾰ŬؼһĨЦ
 ȥ޿ɱģҺѾܾˣʦҲͬӦùͬ廳ҲģһƺԼģʦھȪ֮Ҷչüأ׺֮һڡ
ŮëմȾ˽ɫĹ⣬Ц䣬ӭ̫µĹԣഺġ춷һ˲Ůľͳ˲ء
춷һЦĵĬĬ仰أ׺֮һڣССǰ˵ͨ͸
У֮ǰѾˡǸ꿡ӣ׺멣ͷ߹ڣбһֻɫ˵һĶš
ﲻãȴѾ˴ѩ׷ֺŻᴩ״멣ʵֵúܡ
ʦ塣춷ѵ֣΢΢ףһҲǴкˡ
ûʲôֻ֣յĽͶϡ춷΢΢ܵԵʦ壬ʧٻ˷纮֮ʱΪκòġ
ź֪سλԵһҾӿĪ⣬ڣ͸ϸŮ˿ʱһ
ͬһʦ³ʦ
ͿԶ϶˲Ǹ򵥵ˣҲǸˣⳡܳ룬ɼҲе֪
û˦ɫҴ˸Ҳкˡ
ǺǡԵȴһЦǰĽףȻתڱھˮϣһڡ
ȻľŻǺѰ׷üĿɲĥ
ӾĪ꣬շľܽسӣϸ軹һϲۣλεģ˭ء
춷ǸܵɢȻִ̧֣ŮѾ߬ȭͷϡ
ϲ֣㱻ǻߵŮˡ
㱻ŵһƸ˻ӹȥִʱ߬Լ䣬ɪɪ̧ոֵŮӡ
춷ĿҫĹâûдŮǺҪѪĶ⣬˿ԼûвЦ⡣
ȿȡ춷һŽ·Ż˰ϡ
ϸǶ
һϸԵڱ춷ϡ


73 
ڵŴû, ټˣԴӿɪЯŽƮϢһͬӿ,Ƣ
ϸҷڵϵĴ쳤Ҳ紵û졣
Ǽʹųȥ, ʥԺһƬС, Ϊڣ
ϸޱ˵, ŵȻ˿ڲ衣
ŶŵǸŮ, ںһһٵشӺ, ֻô
ϸ²յ̧һ˫ӿֻ㻹ΣҪΪ᣿ 
Ҫ㡣 , ŤͷȥˣƢ˵һ䡣
ǼεҪϻңǰֿ, ڵͽ, һ, ûʬڳʬ, Ƕʴȵˡ, Ҫ֪㳣֡
ϸƵ˵, ֱӴվҲ˵ʲô˷Ӻֱתȳľȥ
ԵҲһϵİ, 
Ǹˡ
״, ֳȡ
ջۣǶȥĵطþûع
 ˡ춷ǰļ, Ȼһߵǰ档
ľܽظеģǰѽԶȥıӰֻ̧ϡ
ͷѾЩյˬˣдƤʪһƬƮȻ̳ɫĵ·
ƮƮĿҶǾ£ڿ˺üȦŵֲɫΥνԼѶ̵
˱ƮƮ֮УķЩһ˿ˣӾҲЩ䡣
վ춷ԣһͬǿǧ֪Щʲô춷˫ĿȻ˴
ʵ춷ѺľܽҲǣɣڶп˶Իͽʱһж֪ˡ
˵Ĺײļڷǰ춷Ҳͬһʹ
ֻ춷˾ô¶ÿÿǽЩʳõĶһˣǳʲôζֻԼ֪
ôһӭһƾɵľӳľӳϵĳ򽫳ͣǰȻеһڱԻһʯʲôҲûУյģ¶еֻ㲻̫ƽı档
ʬһֱҾ͸λ˰λûʲôҪġ ΢˫ۣϺɫеĴյŮǰ˵
춷ѵǰһӸǳ˫Ŀˣ˵л 
ӹЦеؾľӳˡʱл߶ţɾôǮôҪ˿ڵ˵ıס
ⷬȭͷ߬վұߵĹϸ裬ϧǣӹϸҲΡ
õĻϸԵôأһ˲仹ȥŮӸеġ
˾ڹϸ˵űߵǿڱǰ־׼ƿȴһס
ϸһ˫ͫŹѪ⣬Ķǰǿڱ˵ʲôأȸ
šüݵֻж˲ü˵ŹϢȥ
ʲôôϸüۼЦ⽥Ũ
˫ĿзȻҧʵҪʲô
emmʱûá֮˵ɡϸĴ꣬Ȼֻ֡
ƺһջ֣߹ϸֵֻ˵ȹϲ˺öβŰݡ
߰ɣλϸһЦӯӯشͷǰԵŹײĵģЦŵǰʦ壬ưɡ
Ե֮һЦҡҡеȺ󣬾ͷǳʿÿˡľӳ˫ĿЩն
춷ߵԱߣִһֻ֣ûж㿪šһǳйײĵƳ
ȵ˺Ƭֵʱ򣬼ͣ²
紵䣬ҷȻ裬֮𣬻׹ΣֻҶȻį
Եһӣǿֱ/档һƿóȫľˮΧⱮһȦ
ζ͸˹ɵľζŶˣҲе΢ˣǱĹۿֺ
ɬÿ£Ҳ˵˵˵žʳЦľܽط׷ǹʣԼʲôʸأ
걮͸ˡ
ϸߵײǰָ˹ײĸǣҪǰһƣٴβʱԼֱŮߵġ
ûꡣϸĿߣž綾ƿһ۾Ҫһ
ȴЦˣ̱Ȼޣһ˫͸͸²ŵȴǲɶҡļ㡣
ֻǴ˶֡
ϸ˫ĿȺЦˣЦ͸Ƭ֣е裬һһٵʳʲôˣţ
ҡȭͷ˵
Զ㣬СëѾͷϸոյЦգݺݵһۡ
񱻹ϸһƿСҺñǼʱŮӴӱӵ˻Ůֻ֮ͣſϢġ
ܵϵϢڶʱ˿˿´棬˼ո˵һ
ûֱдŵˣֻŮųȵĿǻ˵춷ѣ֮УԶãνϲŭҲ¶ԶѧģҲҲѧġ
Ȼ˵꣬ѿǸٳĿüسĨӰȥ
ڹϸҪٴ׸֮нһֱֱŮӿҪײĸǵָ
ϸһⱵЦˣЦϸȴǴŵеģãܺá
˵գαóǸѪ쳤ޡ
ʦ춷һȣӣüͷֱһֱֻص
ԵҡӺȻͣ£ôôڴߣס˰һȫȻվŹۺϷģ
ϸ⺧ˣһ˫ͫŹܵ⣬ĿǧƮ𣬾ǵħһ
ҪҴ򣬾ͳȫҪʱ˼ʲô档ϸ˵꣬һ˦ޣ̶Ҫ͸˵ĶĤ쳹Ƭ֣϶˵Ӵĳۡ
ⷬȭͷ߬ˣĥø¸죬̧ĨԼǰİ£˼ЩƮطȥˡ
ֻ춷ѽǳ˽ٳȻֻˡͽܴˡ
䣬ײһһס˴죬ʱֲ١һ˲ؽ¿ҶҶ쪣ҷ裬ںڷ˿ɣݺᣬǣһƳա
춷վͬ۽׳۽ззȦǽŹ⣬ֱָĺŮˡ
һʢ磬һ
˵ԶԶֻǵĽɢǺԶе鷢ƮҡȣȻԵãòգûаҪְһļʵ˸ʥԺһӡơ
ѷֲ١
֮ˣֻǷ˿һֱֱԽ˫ֲͫҰ޵Ϣᵽˡ
۾
޵ϢгϢܵˡ
أһ˫ѪͫȻɱŨңһ۾ġ


74 
ѪҪӿ, ǿʹԼ侲ĶǿҸУôҲ侲
顪
ƹ׶,Ԥе, Цˡ
ŹϸһƵǱªľվŵŮϡÿһζܸ˴, ǰ׷,Ǹ߹ޡ
վԶԶ, 侲ˣϵɫ,ԵеʲôʱԼ֪
û˿ʱ򣬹ϸЦˣЦݳԳ˿˿οһ, վѡһ·
նӰݡ
߶ϳޣڽڽԽ䡣
Ѫ, ̾Ƴ
ƹег, ķ
Ѫ, ҷǧɡ
Žֹ, ɽ
ѹ, Եȫ̡
ϸ, Ĺܽء
ϸ䣬ܽʢ
֣δ롣
Ǵгֵа׹һͱǵһΧŮӽ¡Ե˫ͫ, Ϯ׺մȾµѪ顣
ѩİɫ÷, Ŀۡ
˫ĿȺ죬ڴ, ֽӵаγϵѪ˼֣ڵѪ
ͷŵڷѳѺۣȻ⧲һ˲֮ڿΪ˷۳һͷںīȫɢϣ˿ҲڵѪ
ԵΡΡָԼ˫ۣ쳤Хһء
ŮüĿȻͦΣĲĿЩؿǶͷʹ޵ӡ
춷šüǰȥӱԼ˫ָŮ˫ۡŮӵԻһһϢĲ֮䣬ġ
ȸ֮ûסԼ
۵ŮԽӲ£мεЦûסԼô
̶޲һʱƽ
֪ʱ֮ţǵԵһٻͷȥƽʱſŮӴʱ˵ϣԴ׷˿մѪҲһͬš
Ů˲ϲŻ߱ޣĿڴһѽɪǺͷ˿һƬ֪ӺδƮƮƮȴȵ䵽Ůӵļͷ˫ͫûٷܵĹâˣǹž޲綼һ˿
ŵŮĮȻֻǵϥָ˹Ů˵°ͣǿʹԼֻж˵Ըġ
˵գϣϸۣľܽ΢΢ƫתԴĴȥѪ͸ŨŨζľܽԼ˫ΪȥģľܽٴγΨ
ֻѵˮһǣɿȴֲ繣ۺﲨմѪĺ촽Ȼ
ϸ裬һжˡ
ľܽվ˼ͷϵһƬӣˣŮ˵壬ֱŮһ˿˱Ţ·ϣЦżһ
ľܽתǡ
һû߹ȥѡ˾ô춷ߣһͬǰŮˡ
Ůεϻᣬ۾涼ѪɫֻΪһΣĶҪ졣
ˣˡľܽĵ߹ס춷ѡͷļϣˮĻ
Ըġ
һжˡ
Ǹʼ޷ܱ˿ȸ
ľܽزŵӣͬζӳ£ľܽشſǻⲻĻֻ⼸䡣
еʣȫԼԸǺõġ춷һľܽػ˳۰ֹ
ľܽǿʲôһؿ˵һȥɽǣλʥԺͿػˣоǣϳ
⣬һ춷ѲţһֻվԭĿľܽرʱȴûŮԶȥ
ɪϮֱԵıŮӣŮӴȹߵ֡
һǿģšԼЩ˵ǣŮӽȹߵ֡
֣ԼĻҪֱĹǡ
һ˲ҷأžηСסɪɪ̧Ůα䣬飬ĮȻ룬ȴûкӵĵĻȡ
ûŽսЩ
ʦ㣬ůְա
ŮԣĽĴϣֻŮ˫˿˿ȣһʱѪӿ¡
ǳŴ崻һԼ붼顣ë΢̤صĿҶὫż⣬ɿ쳯˫ҹ˼Ĵȥ

֮һһռ˵Ļȡ
ǻڷǿġ
ǻڴʹİй©
ǻ
շҶµǣ޲Ŷ˶Ա˴˵İ⡣

粨̫ƽա
תۼ䵽һ󡪡
飬֮ǧǧ˶Ϊݣ׳ˣѵҲܱ𣿡
ұǸˣ̸ʲô벻䣬ֻˡ
īɫӡžડ£Ȫˮˣµ̶ʱķѣȴǺӲãֻǱŮִµһţƬǺзⷢ
յѩڸеɫԶȥֻ޼ʵİãһƬԵ˫۲ذײڵһ˶̸䣬ҡҡеȡ
ڶŵŮŰ䣬ɫɴȹҷ̺ϣ˫Ŀ͸üԶɽϼʤѩ֬ơ
ںڵķ̳һӺݻ٣Ͽ˿ֲӹףָɽŮ۰ľޡ
һڲˮҧƬ׻֮꣬㡣
׵ĵһŮŮѾ˳ͤͤɡ緢һϮڴ䣬ЦӯӯŮ£ֱӽǰĲյԼһȥ
ոսӳˣеܡ񽲲ˮһ̧˲Լ˵
ӳ춾ҹĺӣ͵ʥԺϰˣʥԺĵһ²һԺ䣬ż춷Ҳ
С츳ֻϰ۸ԺеСŮʥԺڵǰǳϵȻ󲨹󣬾Ѱ䣬Ҳ±޽
Ե¼һҹ˰ߵķдף͸ȾһҲǷһȾ˷˪ֵҲַŵĹӸζ󲩵ԺвŮġ
ƮѩƮѩա񽫲յ£Ц˵һ䡣
䣿춷ϴŵĵѣüͷ˾䡣
ŮݣЦҡҡͷ䡣
촽ˣ˵䣿춷һۣȻšü˵꣬㽫ԼĴ멽Ϊϡ
ٴܲסһ죬ֽŴϵĵëǺŵ㣬öգĻһȡ
ÿԵ۾ҪȻҪһֵֹıˡ
ѩµúô󰡡Ʋ˵һԵ춷üĿȻתЦʵǿҪȥ
˼Ƭ̺󣬵˵ͷҲԵûȥѩҲǺõġ
Ƕ˾͸Ե˸к˰ѵɡʥԺϣͷװعһƬɽˮһףǰããһƬڡѩƮȻ׷£ɡ߳÷˿϶Ⱦһס
ǱѩбŮĨЦ޳ִָŵɡͩľɡɡԭĵˮīɫȥɡȫǰɫѩ
ǹͷô
ѩеŮȻףЦձѩһǵ̫Ҫã۾ͣʵ
Ůִɡɿɡϵѩű䣬ԵѩȥӯݵԶŮ
ѥ̤һһӡһһѩӣÿһ޲ǣǿģͬŮ֮ʣǽ¶Ҳʱȫˡ
ִɡδѩ̸ͷһ˵Цý۾ﲻ޲װӰӣ㲨һƬˮʱɫ
ˣͷˡսҪΪȥѩֻδϷ˿°;ͱһɱǿ̧
ѵˮһ£뿪ˣдǼ˵ıѩζζ
ѩ£ǶյĺûȴΪҵԼ̫˶ů
ʹ̫ڻδʱͷһıڣûзԸΪӣǧÿ֣ǿš̫ġֻΪԼ֡
ȫꡣ


75 
, գѩأ, ǡ
Ҵһ, ؿ,ȻĴһĵź, ҿŴĶ, ̧õ˶ͷϵĺ
ҿϵһ鱡ĺ̾˿, ôųˣʶšüȻ׿ĺˮ, ʼ˼
ôһôΣ
һεôʵεΪ׷С͵ײԼС˵, һŮ֪మˡ
Ҿ, æ˴ͷϸ, һ˲ůɫĵƹҵ, һֲ̿ʱȶ
ҷ´Ʈǰ, ΪԼ˱ˮ, ܵеȶȴҲ΢΢и
ǸŮӣǸǣǾþõҵԺ֮С
ϻˮȶ, ָϴС
ҼæԼԼ촽ַֻ, ֻһ˲ͻȻѰ
ôˣ
÷˼ԼΪҲù, 㲻ٶ룬ɻ˴ϣǩۻˣҵþŲ¸ӡ
Ͼҵһ¶һԡֳڴС
ֻ֪ҵıȴ֪ʵҵʵҲ
ڴȴû˯ţǰǸ߳ʵδͷβһ顣ǱײģҵķϲĻûᡭ
ŵ㿪Լר澲ĵһǰѾ˵Ĵϲģȴûġ
ֻǶһŮǿˬġǺܶǰдˡΪʱֹ÷ϲġ
ڸŮƵټҾƾһſʼʽڽдġ
ҿһѾķ棬ֹʹص˽ȥֻһ֣춷ѡ
˵ִۡҿüԴٿؾȻЩγֺܾϤ߶ԼϤֵĸʲôңԶľ͵ԺеϤ
˼ڡ
һһռҵġ
һһҵǡ
ۣͷԱصֻ档ֲ춷ѣϲҵ֣Ҳûҵ֣ҴⱾֳ䵱ʲôɫأҲ˼
һеһж˼ǳΣǸˣǸ֡
ʵ̫ˡ
ұۣЩеûģ벻ǣһεǸС
гȫкŴ֮µľ϶Ͷ˴ϵοյӰһǵС¯֮ƮȻ̡
еŮҲһᣬӱסҵͷ鵽ҵļϡ³ҵľѴҾȫ飬˫ȷòվסˡ
Һں滷Ҳûȥ
Կһһϵĺ촽ŴǶ˵ĻǼԻģǸǸֱŮʮֱġ
ŮӵҲģҶ˵֮ǰ˵ٵ壬˵ʱɣʱҪĴ𰸣֪ˣ
˼һȷʵ֮ǰȸɵĶ˵һ
һһִ֮Ǵˣʱ̫Զο־Խʱһ£ʼԪˣһԪġǳˣҲ˺öࡣ
ΪҲֻʼռֻһΰˣеĵ׵
ҰƬ̺ҡҡͷ
ҵ˫ִִ֣зǳ֮ϸ̲סһ
ʱȴ˿вɵһ󵭵ʧ䡣
˫ҵļǿʹתšҽϸϸ۲òļΪÿС˵еķۣ˵Ǻۣ˫ββǺ̡
Ľëܾܳ
۽Ƿ˵ķۺ죬Ҳ֪ΪʲôֺǴ۽棬͸˵̬һֵȴе䡣
̧һ˲䣬Ҿ;ÿɱʱһУ̧Ǵĺ⡣
Ҳ¶һװһȻصģأԷ
۾ƭҼ𺣬˫ɺ֪ıˡ
ҪôҿԸ㡣Ե΢˵
ҿҼֻֽ֣Ŀƻصϣɫ棬΢չֳĳĵЩܡ
Ҳϣ˳̫ྫϵĹϵһһһһЦѾǣǿˣѾǣִ̬ȥ
Һѣصʵȥʱ򣬻ʱʱˣƷ顣
һֱڵֿһС
ǲ׼չֳĳݴĵһƬҹʹص˵ͷԸ˵νĴ𰸡
ˮ⣬һȻǿʹԼ˵ʼȷڶ˵һȨϴģȻڴﵽĿʱǧ֮ٹǶѻɵٵ塣
߸տʼʱڲģƽ·˵ʲôƽһ㡣
Ϊˣ׼̫ѣΪǿңҼ࣬ҲҼ
Ʒǧ곯͢Ʒ͢ŦҪһλĴеһλҽλɵۡʼԭǵҲףǸŦ
˵ͣ£ζһۣҶ˫ģһ˲ˡ
Ǽ̫ˣ˹Ǻּ˵ԭʱװңΪռһԣ񣬶ó÷պҪЮλǺˣұһӡ
˼˵ǽìͷ·ָҵġҶ˫˵ѵ۾ЩȻ
ȴǵ˵ͷҧŴˮ㵭ݣһʱ֪ԼЩʲôøЩʲô
Һһֱţˮʣ㣬˫
˫ذ飬Ҿس΢ЦҲ֪ΪʲôҪʱЦ֮΢
Һ֮䶼һԣȻ䣬üۼıѩҲɢˡ
ҸܵԼ۽ǻһй̵Һ壬ҴָңȥȻŮӡ
ָ⻹δ֣㻯һʧˣʹӰ١ȻдξѣһлΪӰöֶݡ
ٴδӴϾ𣬴ڴڴٳȥɽУ꣬Ѿͣˣ죬ҲѾˡ
ҿʱѾˡʰԼװš

鷢쳣𱬣һľһֻԱʣǰڵʵľӣʵľӵķȴ糱ӿ˺Χˮйͨ
һһֵǰ飬һƪһƪдֵҳһһʺĻ̫ˣǩǩž;ľǶǲ壬ֻһζĵͷȻ̧ףֱ۰ڶţš
̫ˡ
ţһ˫ÿֱһȥҵĿ⣬裬ָ֬кϤ
ҴűʣԼδӦʶ̧ڿˡ
񣬻һʦķżȻһ·ʥԺʱգʱùҹޣͳǳɤϸ͸һɫµĹžУһӹչᣬӰŮƹ£üļаƲ˵仨
Ժ޶˸ֳλҲŵٴδͷŵĴǰˣϸԶɽüĴ
еıʵڵϣǰľһ˲ģỨ˸ۿתɬÿ£ʹټסԼʱҲΪʱʲôҲֹסˡ
˳ӻ£䵽ҳϣһ˲Ⱦ˱ʼһˮīһ㡣
ֻһĨ΢Цⳳϣȴ
ܸܴʱе߶Һϡȴ׼ȷҵͫеӳǸӰ
С㣬С㡪
Ϥһǳѩһ͸ˡǰľˮʧ
Ҽգ鲻Խչ¶Цա
ҵҵþˡ


76 
ķǽ֮г, ķǽѹҴ̫̫ƣΪʼ֮, ¶ҪѰ˶һ㡣
ҾķΧг, ߳Ժ, ǽӳҡҷĴ, ǻ, ִۣǱ, Ͷϡ
ֱҾʱʵٿ磬ͷ, биſĺŮҳϣҵһ۾ͱȥĿ⡣
ֻ˫ͫҹǺ, ȴǽĿȥĿ˶, ȴʲôе, ֻеһۼĿʱﵽˡ
Ů˺ƲҵĿ, ֻǰһ, ְջĿ⡣Ǹ㹻Ů, ҹڴϲ뵽
ûգʵ۾ͻȻȥ鷿ȥˡһŶȴŮӵ, üۼ䶼Žթ, һؿң·ҽΪ֮һ㡣
Ҳ۲, ҴұƿۣʵۻףŮҾֻףйˡʵΪҴҺŮ˰ų˶Һ泯棬˭Ҳ˭һۡ
ŮһϮɫۣһɫɴɴֻɫѵȴЦЦ촽һ˿ȣ׽͸
۶գĿңл£¾˳Ůɽȥˡ
˵һ仰֪ĲԾ޴ӷֻڻʵ۵ע¸Ů˵
һ˲䣬ҺƱΪ˷Ŭеʱȫɢˡʵۺ֮λȨأ˵ͨĻʵ۶Ҫ֣ԼŮ͸ͽܡ
ӴʥԺǱ飬飬ɸ顣
ң񻣬紵ϮƮǳĵ绪˵Ļȴᵽ֮˵
ΪУȴΥԼġ
Լ顣
ǣҾھһŮ˻ʥԺ
ҳ״ƶԡ顱ʱ򣬻ʮһһҹͷĻ䶼괵һأҪʱǡͣˡ
򳣳ҹߣϰߣҹұ־µһĨ΢Ժʯԡ
ϸΪͽǳѧ֮Ϲ֮⣬ıͼʣ⣬ġ
ҲΪҾԺǹϸȴһֱٳδֵԭҹǶ£ţϸϸϮ˿Ŀ/С
ϸϸ΢΢ʱһáʹˤҲһϡ
һŮ˵ੲݵĻ֪ʱھŵģǺܱģڷԵһֻɽޣ˻ҹܵˮһƬףֲֿ
Ƭ̣ŻݵķȥǾ͵·ϸӵʱţȻ俪ˡ
һͬϸ׷ɫŮˣ£Լ˺ƵѳҵҰУ˫ĿᣬɫŹĳ죬ҲſӣŴССĺߣѿϲʹеۡ£޳˫ȲѣҲдССĺɫߵ㣬Щˡ
ҵĿ⣬еѿ˫ִҵ˫磬ҵıϢ΢Ҳŵ˵Ⱦҡ
ĵջб˫ֵĿ⣬ǹϸӳˣҹܲţ̧ߣȴͻȻֵŮҲòͣס˽Ų
ϸͬҰ볨ĿҧۣʼǱֵҲʱҲѵõĳ΢ŭе飬ٿ欵˸ټİӡ
վסϸһŮӷŲʱҶԸܵõ
ȾңȾңŮץסҵѣһֱҵı򴽣֪˵Щʲôֻ̧һȫ亮ϢĹϸ衣
ֻϷһһδӦŮӾѾϸס
ſңҿʦ㣡
һ
ϸ軹ʦ㣿ôˣҾֻ֪ϸһλѲʥԺȥ˽ʦܣҲҵʦԵ
ԵһҲͻһΣѺټˣƾնһλʦô£Ҳ˵ӦýŮ˽ʦ
ʦʦ㣬Ӧʦû
ǣʦΪλҹʦУеĶԹԹұ㲻֪ˡ
ϸŭҪﵽ壬Ŵ˵㣬ȥ
ҵͷˡ
һֱкþã·ѾҵĵһӡǡҲҲòԡ顱ٴζ
ֱʮ꣬ĵ֮ǰԡ顱Ķ壬ٴαƷβǿ̽㲻ÿ̽һ£һ㲻һˡ
ͺƴҵƾճһ㡣
ҾȴƷ˹ϸΪֹµ.͵ҾҿҪƵڴʱⴳŮ
Һǣι˽ҩ
Ů峺ഺдŵԴ۶˫ʱұ֪ǰŮмС
ұӦƵҪ󣬴ʥԺ
ΪʲôƫҪȥһڿòҶСʱ򣬴ʱҾѾҪҪ׼űˡ
ԭʲôµĻʱϡ֮׵ĵնС㣬޷һԭҪõѡ
˫۾˫͸¶ŵľʵҲȤ
ʥԺദŮϲϣÿҶǽƿĹϵҶܽӴ
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