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ĸ׵Ľ̻һֱΧ֮ĺֱһһСһŮӡ
ƺĸ˵Ĳ̫һ£ͺóԵģҪģȥܺóԡ
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1 
ʱ֣ϦԶԶȥһˮһͺԵĵӰһ飬췭ӿƲ͵ҫ۵Ĵ󺣶Աȷȴ쳣г
ͼҼһԺﴶһֵͬģԶǸҪһŭӣб˵һ飬Ƿˣ
ϪǸӣһʶϪҲǣϸһ͵Ůмϡࡣ
ΪʲôҪǸǸŮӣŮôˣи첲ȵôͲܳ㣬ǵڼ֯ţΪŮһӡ⻰ˣ˵˹еĳͰ
ⳳΧھӼҵĹעԺﲽĸˣ
ԶǼңϪҲǣϴСһӶûС
˭˵أѾͷʮ˰ɣҲ̸ۼ޵ʱˣĻɡ
˵ʮĸѾͷƵģҲʰԼҲ˭ǰëëȥǲ
ٲϼҶѾˣϼҵĴǰսϿǿǳŽȥģʱϼˮǴߣ佼Ҳܸմ⡣
˵ҾˣϼôͿ佼ңȻҼǹŮҲ˵ԡ
Ϫٲǿ۴岶һ֣ЩиĽס꣬˵ݲһ㣬ϼ⼸î˾ȥΪҴԺǰ̴㣬˵׼ǿеĵ
أһصײ˸˼л˸Ȼ˼£ȥˡ
ϪԼķźݺ˦ϣڴصĴϢĸ̾ϢĵЩʱĹ⾰ЦŽýӭŵĻ棬ۿһɬ
ŲŲǰҧŴӲǽ˻ȥһͷԵڴϣһԵıסԴȻһȭںʵıϣƵ졣
ԽԽίϪԼķûӦĸ׻ԼԷĺĵͺߣԲԣ¡
ȻӱֱӣϪҲҪȥۣһִͷ۳ϵķԼҵͷԺ¶һ˫峺鶯˫
Ϫ˫۽΢΢̣ƽľʱתǴ˿˿ʱȴֺԵý
˴Ȼ봲ףðڴڲذǶذķ϶һѹǰľͱ˿һ϶
Ϫľƿľ·һһЩʲ󲿷ֵĶóȻľƻԭλʱ⴫һĽŲŵͷһͻʶס˺
ĽŲķſڶͣȥϪ˿漴еɬܲµӦȰ͡
䵽ֱߵذϣϪּᶨףóʲڴãٽϵذ׼ϪſھĿŴɫϸĶ
ʱһһεţ˻һϪűſ۵ĺף׸ӿϵ˯⡣
һƬڣԭûƣʱ¹ʢ졣
ϸĶһжĵģϪذױ䣬Ŵһ϶ͷҲһƬһһҹļž
ϪæתסӣԽԣŶӻûڶ飬ץϵİųţͷȥ˳
ԭֻҵʳӣȴڹڿ뵹۸ŵĲʳһûˮУָ֮»ܸܵЩ£Ȼĸġ
ϪͷĬƬ̣ץϲѹŵıУǺϣųԼҵԺš
ҹ˶ȻϨЪϢҲеļҴл͸ȵƻ
һ·ͷеڣϪСĵĿԶСݣСݽڴڵߵĵطҪΪ⺣ߵǰʾǷ֧ԮÿأԿߵҲܽӾ۵ס
ȣѾܳʱûʲô⣬ҹصҲ߹ΪֵĶӣ󶼳ʱ͵ϼļϻ¥Ĺж๴ˡ
ϪèŰСĵƿ۴ߵĲƽҹߵĴ·ȥҪ໨ʱ䡣
һ·ͷСݴֻܿ⣬ֱ˲յĺ˿Ͳ»ᱻ˿ˣ²ҲʼЩ˷ܣû뵽һлô˳
֮£С˼һ٣ʱӵһֽԼߵʯͷŴСĵĻһ½ֺһڣʰ·ѧˣСĵıܿ·ϵϰ
ĬҫƬأϪĲǰֲʯ¶˱һľ⴬󣬴ľвٵط¾ɳ̶ȲһȻ֮ǰĵĺء
ϪѹͷУҧźȥߵĺǻеĹâȴԽ˸ڰѴֻɳأһЩʹļƵβסһƽˮС
ˮûСȣϪ̲סǣȭջ¡
⴬Щõģʱ⴬ѾĺҪ޵ûѲٵʱͲǻһҧҸģ⴬ƳģҲ˼ǮϪ͸
ԶϪǾƲܽ⴬޺õģԾ͵Ƕ˶Է죬öԷҪԼǰҪ¡
ϪѾϰɣȫһ˼⴬ϣûǮޣԼޣĴõĲϣÿڴƣСĲҪע⣬ǻ⾰⴬޺ãõԶ¡
ϪŶƴյľӲǽ⴬޺ˣ˵϶Ȳϴգȴ֧ٴº
ǽ汻ƼˣϪҲûôʵʩĵһγҹڰҪ˵Ըҹ
ͷһĴģϪЩͷ漴ս뷨˦⣬ڰϵİ봬УԼҲ˴
еĴŴֻʻһƬϪֻоȫѪҺ̲סʪĺ紵ͷĻȣ⡣
˿޾⣬ҹȻΣգǳɹǸ֤ԼһһҪô˹Ŀ࿴֤ԼӲЩԹޱߴ󺣡

͵ƼУ˸ߴСľݣǰͷ͸ľε̾˿š
һβ˽Ŵ򿪣վŵ꣬ŵûһţЦСӣҹĲ˯ӡ
ŵƽݣԼ£һ˺Լ˵ЦŽľƺóӦ˵ŵ㣬ֳҹȾƣӣѾ˲٣ɴҲҹԼȥ˵ȥ
ϣ˻ŵãԼɶһֲ֧ȻҲûٺȡ
ȥȥȥ㻹˵ңղվƺֿɱҿ죬ǿӲʮĻ̨Լ汻ô˵ľЩ棬Ӳֱͦ˱Ǻ
꿴˰죬ͻȻ廰ʱԶԶź˳壬ôˣ˭
˭⾰͹ˣ˭ҹȥˣûϵҿǿ˰ɡ̨ںĻ˳ƶ˶еľƺ
ţУСӻûȾԺˣһûһܺȵġƺҲգŴȤ
ſ۴ڵҹɫ¹Өް⣬ͷʼԺˡ


2 亣
ϪĴƵʻںϣ̫ʹСĵĴֻʻٶȡ
ǰ״ԶĥϹ֣Ƕڽû¾ͱ˴⻹һԼݴ˵Ŷǻ˵ġ
ŴֻƽȵʻţϪķϵĶҲԽĵӦֻ֣ʻٶԽԽ죬ʼض֮ĳ
һᾪ˵ﶨǻΪˣǰӲҹ¶д˾̾۵Ļ棬һʱɵ߳
õϪҲ֮ǰôСʻپ룬ǷҲʣİн򿪡
׼õֹֻܵϣҪ֯µǴ֧֣׼Щʲô¡
Ǵ⺣ߴΪʲôʱʲôط壬Ϫʻĵطƽȥ٣Ϊ㲻࣬ӵľҲԶûʲôȥǡ
ĥţҪȥıȴȥĸԶĵطиĿܣ˵ܴƽټ㡣
й涨ֻڹ涨㣬һԶ˳£ȥڴĵطףЩ涨Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣϾ¾ǹҲܲס
ôţϪϵĶžܵĶ¼ҲŲ̫ܿܶᣬͷһ·ǰʻȥ
Ƚһ뺣кϪֱӳһһϻһĶ뺣Уÿ˿ߣ˿ߵһͷϵڴϣʱʱҲա
ϵУϪֱ˿ʱķֻԼԼһ㣬û뵽ԼʻôԶЩûס
еһԼľȰԼҪ룬רǰ¡
ڴϣϪ￴ȥҹ￴ǰΨп뺣Щźã汻紵һӨ׵¹⣬ڶǿһ㣬ĻϪпѡ
ĥһϪͣȣȻӶŸ첲׼ʱ˳ȥȥ˱׼ʧ׼ͷ˼֮Щй
ȻԼǵһβ㰲οԼǿŴ޼ļ㣬Ϫ̾˿ŷļľϡ
ʪĺ紵ϣһϪ;΢˴ֱۣԼ̫߿ԼˣһԿûʲô˵ģʵֲ֪н
~ǲضˣһٶΰɡϪŴ濴գɱӯӯ¾
ҹĺˮһ޼ʣԲµӳں֮ϣҹеĴ·־ܴһ㣬鲻Խ뿿Щ
Ϫ̴õһ̣СĵĽʻһЩȻڼװ֮ϣ̽ȥĸЩ
ĻŲƣʹϷҲҡڣԳһУϪͻȻһɫĹâ·һŵ͵һӣڼװ֮ϡ
⶯̫󣬴ܿƵĻϪæסӣܵظƽ˿ٴԥĿͷλã»ǰãֻĲƽЩҲӰ졣
ոɫĹâʲôֵ̫ͻȻԼһϪĿڣԥҪҪȥϸ
ǰסĵĺ棬ٴοͷĥţһƽδҲ˵ҪץȥҲǲˡ
뵽ϪذףпȥĿΧѰҲδǹâϪԼҲһ
ͷһȤƲƲ죬Ŵȥ°ŵľͻȻһɣ⧲˷뺣С
ںߵˣѧ֮ǰѾȻˮˣϪҲţһƽʹλشϣаղЩ⴬©ĵطû޲á
ʱ߻ԶһźĶƯǣźǹ죬Ϫͷ͵һһʱûסǻжӿǺ˵ĺˮ
æסڱ»һţҲ˲ֻϽش뿪ȥ⵽ʲôδˡ
ôţϪȴоųȥȴʹУоͻȻ۵üͷ漴оԼȲܿ
ӿ˾ȻʱȲֻϷԶȴֻ³ȥ
ʧĲڲϼܿϪʶͿʼģԭĶҲͣʧĿԶźɫ壬뻹ǶǵĲᶯ
漴Գ뵽˭뵽ԼططҲû˻ᷢʬˡ
ʱźɫͻȻˣҡ˼£Ϫɢ˼һָֻЩͷ֣̿Ҳûг̫ãΪѾҪʧȥʶˡ
źɫڼλ֮󣬻ĳϪ˹Ϫ޵УŶεĽǰ
ʧȥʶǰһ˫տɫǰ˫۾Ĵ󺣻Ҫ䣬ȴޱȵĳγ۵貵⣬鲻Խип
۾......ÿ......һ.........

СӲԶǼҵ⣿ǲˣĪˮˣҲ˳尡
壬ҵźȾˣ˼š
ǰ˵Ҳý佼˵ôѾͷҪ˶þСӵ˲аԵֿ԰~
ϪԴ۶۵ۣ˵۾ǰģģӰһϤǰ
ţԷϹŸӵı飬ϪĲУȴĶһ֣Ǿǲϲ,漴оһ̣ʧȥʶ
ϪٴʱǰѾϤĳԼԷУһˣ϶ĴѹɤС˵
ӻ˻ԴĻΪԼںߣΪ˳ܺԼ벻ȥѰ˶̼
ɴˣ˱۷´ţԺĸĸ򴽡
ϿԼҹŮеĲ˹Ϫĸ첲´£ߴ˵ϪˣоôҪٸȥſڷȻݣԺ˵
ϪһԺԶҲζڵĪҪ룬ҹͷȥɢɢģûˮʱȳеһ
̾˿ٴοڵȻطɡ
Ϫ˺ûԼҲΣ˵䣬ԶһĻ˵ģ˵ʲô
ҲϪӣҪ˵ˣϪ˽֣ûٶ˵ʲôת˷
ٶȱϣֻʣϪһˣִϣһУԴ뺣кһоͶ벻ˣôôԶĵطصߵģѵֻñ˳ƻ


3 
죬ڴϴȥϪԶ϶ڼҵĹ⾰ԼϽ͸͸
ڴϣһֱЩǰ˲٣Ҳûǰϼҵ£˺üԼˮԭ򣬵Ȼ˲Ǻŷһ߸еһָе˿
ǲĺʱڣ˳ջ񲻴ԽҲֵĽϪĴ߶Ļ̯ϵĻȥڿ˿ȥϷĳӴ
Ҳ֪ԼڿɶܾЩǣ˾
Ϫ˰죬뿴ûţǿվڴڵţͱ߻Χżµӡ
һϵģ£˵û˵仰϶ʶģͬеΪѧҵϵСɣΪӳ죬㿡ʣڱ˻٩ɽͣѾʼżҵˡ
ϼһͷأϴѧãǴ˽ڣ䲻磬ǶĿȾҲȴ˶öЩ˵̸ҲԵΪͻ
Ϫһžں߱ʱԷϵᷳ飬ŲϲԼϪͲˡ
С￴ȥ뾭ѵģŮӾӦȴ΢ʣŷߵĴ˶գҪ͵ȥϡ
Ϊ죬ϲԵܾһȣϰ˳̵ϪӶ˺ǲϲ־Ϫﲻޱ߷ݡ
ŲϲϪϪҲ϶Էǿ߶ԷǸһȵ̬ԷΪɵĽпŵϻѾʵʡ
ϪĴǱߵע⣬֮СĶ˵˼䣬ϴŵ٩Ц⣬ײײŵӡ
̧ۿһϪڵķ΢΢üͷ߳˼ЦŲ˵Ȼ̧ߡ
Ϫվǵıؾ֮·ϣرܣһһδһƽ࣬վŲƽǰ
˲żϪԼ޶ãŲ΢΢һԥ˵ЩʲôĶǡɱϪⲶ׽䱸䣬Է˵Щʲô
ŵĵĻûڣߵ˱Ϫ˸Ц˼ű˼ͷһƣ죬Ҳ˵ͷЩˡ
ĴԶȥϪɿüͷһϼ׵£˶֪ĲˣȻǻδӦӦȻ˿ǰ϶¡
뵽յץץͷͷԼ⼸ŬһϦ֮価Ǵ֮ϣЩ޼ƿʩ
ҪɴӼˣȥ˭ҲʶĵطϪŴ
ϪȥģȥǲǣСҸȥҲҾ㱣ܡ
ϪĶߴһ۵ŤͷҸҵСԣСӣС꣬ƽҲǸʡĵ
㺰˭أûûСģúҽ֪֪ϪûָûӵţԷϲһ
Ϫˣһץץסĺ죬Ц⻹û壬ȥҵ˵ʲôӦѧϿΣôεҰ㾾ȥЩллҲǡ
ҲĻ˵˸Ц˵Ϫ㣬ǹϵôã϶˵ĶԲԣ㿴ǰȥҲ𣿡
СͷѧõѸߣѧʱʽϾɿҲ˼ÿΡϪɿӵ죬Ƶߡ
Ҿ֪㲻ᱳҵģϪ˵Ĳѧõ֮Ҳģžͽͷ󣬻ҽѧʱȤϪಽĸš
ѵüܺϪ˵ϻˣϪͷԼ£ʹͬϷˣֺܶأӾͰƣͺԼҲŸĪ
Ϫ㣬ǰ飬ѵ˵ٲҹͻᱻץȥԵ˵ǰҹͷǲĻˣǲģ㵱ˣʲôǲǺˣ
Ϫָһͷ棬ŻӵĻ¶ֲмЦ⣬֮˵һ߳ŻͯĴԡ
СʱҲ⻰˿еò䣬˵˼˱ᱻҲ˵òȴǣ˵ʵδ
Ϫٺ棬鼮鼮жصļҲģ壬޴ӿݣô˵ļžģѲ֮˵
Ƕ˵Żģʲô㣬մﻰ˵ҲҪôżңͷԣץȥⱲǵöزˡ
ƽϵӵְԣԭϪܵܵģǼӲãȺȫִͷǡʱӾͳˣֱ͸ңԻͺԼܵܲ࣬Ҳðӡ
Ҿ˵߻ŻˣҶõģҲʱ򣬲ǳĵġӲĵƲƲ죬Ŀܿ챻̯С˹ȥ
ʱһ˽˭˵ûˣͷСʱͼֱˡ
ͣ㿴ȥϵľ˼ҽʮüˣӹǵӲʣľˣʱЩС̯ۡ
үү˹ɵ˺ãǰϪ޲ֻľĲٶǴġ
үү˵ǰ㣬𣿡Ϫʵ
ȻģͷһƭС޲ɣʱҲŶʮͷȥҹﱻųԾƣСĸȴˡ
ҹڵĽҺȸһʱߴ˵Ǻˮ֮УۿСҪˣǺԶԶԾһβľ̽ԴֱֱĿҡ
˫۲ҰײҰ׵ģŵָϸ״һ⺣ˮһһʱȥ룬ŵþȫޣһ˼ܣ±׷ţӲŲŷһ޲ҺۣӲǵ˯ȥ
Ӳ˴ĶΣÿҹܾ˿ţҲֻƺС
һ˵鲢ïɳƵɤŵûСϪŲŲϪҲǲĵһ
ǲֺ˵ǰˣⶼ˻˵壬ȸԼԼ˵ĺƵġĶԶԶ˹ε˵
һֹ˵ĶģȺûʶģúǼƽϡ
̳ҡҡͷۣ˵ûؼҳԷˡ
̯ϵСľץ˵ȥ棬ǿɲҪģͷ˵Ķġ
Ϫ˵лĿҸԶץľͷʵϪ㣬˵үү˵Ķϵ㣿
Ϫľ뻳УʵĻΪȻԸǶԷۣ˵ԺȴȻֳһ˫ɫ۾


4 ʧ
ͻȻֵļϪһԺˮģļҲŸգͷһĿ֪θ롣
𾪺ͺ֮࣬ĪЩ˷ܣϪһ㶣˷ܣΪʲôĸо
ӼϪǻһ飬ϪۻӺݣʱ˿ڣʹ˵˭֪أ˵С
ûٺͻϪСӵһ·˼ңպײڼſڵϡ
Ͽ˷еĻƣʵϪ㲻ڼϢôͻһ
ӷ̫ƣϽ͸͸˵⿴ӶüŪ۵ģɺЦĽ˵ʱѧ¿λĻӣһˡ
˵꣬ͷӦԶԶԣ¿Ϫ㣬ͺһˣƴȻȥˡ
ϵͷʾȥɣϪһ·߻͵͵ЦĻӣҲǲɶ˼Ц⡣
ѾͷǾЩˣŸüͷµúܣҲüϿϪϵЦ⣬ҲǸ˿˵֮ǰǰСġ
ϪԼüģɻüĲ֪
ҡҡͷε˵뿪˾ͺãԺٺҲΪãϱ˵㣬׵£ʵڲȻȥ˵
ϪԶʱһϲչȥ˵ҡ
ȥȥȥҲʱȥϴϴֹҴ֡ûϪĸ첲
ϪЦЦȥϴ֣ʵ㻹ǵСʱ˵ĹǶ𣿡
ͷҲ̧ĻصǵãСͰܣΪҿǲģ㶼ôˣҲסˣǼҲ֪ڴĻչĵġ
ʲʲôмֵϢϪҲûͷŤͷݡ
佼ҵȻ˲٣ԹϪطԺͷҷлҳ
ҹϪ˫ɫ۾շתߣźɫĶѲɵ˿е㣬˫ôҲүү˵ǰˡ
շתϪ֪˯ȥ˫һֱעϪú£зů⡣
ڶ峿ϪһĵתһᴩӣϪλܽ
˳㣬ڼеĸ˱ӱϴϴͷʱ磬㰮лҳߡ
Ϫķ䳯ķ⴫˵޷Щҳ̣ҲȤҪ´ϴȴͻȻ⻰ͷԼϡ
ҼѾͷŲȥѧãǳˡ
Ůֲܺǰ㿼ȡǲȥͱȥˣȻԶǼϪһ㣬Ƕ̫ˣ㲻պһ㣬˵Ϊ˻ؾϼҵĻ£Ѱ˶̼Ҳ֪ô졣
˵ôһ˵мֵŮӰͺãˣ
ɲǣ˵ٻǴҶһô˵ǹ˼ϼҵ棬ټͷйŮδĶѾʼϼҵϢˡ
......˵Ϫ⺢ӣֵʲôҲ˵ϼҲǸ϶ӳȣòֺãôõҪǶӡ
ϪЦл˵ǰˣŲǸӿȢ˸ĸ֮Ҫ˶Ҳö˼
̧ڴ£ͷ˵С˲٣漴첽뿪ˡ
Ϫ´ȴվԺŷϣľ裬ͷˮһʣմʪ˴°ڡ
æǰӹľ裬ʵʲôأ·ʪˡ
ǲŻع㣬˿Լüѽˮˣطѡ
ϱֵϪȴԷεǳ֪ЩԼ׶ҲˣۿʣµˮȻһﾡ˳ȥ
Թ㣬ϪﲻҲԸ¶ǰɴ˸кȥ
һʱ֪ȥ֮ǰӣÿնΪɴֻҪæһҹ֮伸Ѫڴ֮ˣÿÿ۲ѡ
ǾȥԼ䴬ֻĵطƽǰյʱҲżСƬ̣Լ
ʵЩ˵û缸ʱȷʵλҽסֺ꣬ԣҲǳλֱʡ
ǾģѧʶԨµļҲи˿λ˵ʱѾ߷ùطϪСλ³ġ
λĹУüŮӣ죬ȴɾ˲ԽӵĳɾͣСʱϪ˺ܴ𺳡
λΪ˸л佼ҵ֮˶ϪѧʶĴڹϪѧλ˰֮ģΪ˱ȼƻȥ
뿪ϪȥѧϿΣȴѧõڵĶ̫žɣûձ㲻ȥˣ͵͵ȥϵԺȻʱᱻϳȴִ˲ƣ
ٺϪԺڵĿγ̫շ֮ãȥ鷻˺þã޳Ϊۣ鷻е鼮һ´ĳʵϪ֪Ҳ˿ӡ
¼䣬ϪѲ֪Ƭ̲ͷЬ⽫űߵıದصĺһ̧ͷȥ漴͵˫ۣ첽Ǳ߳ȥ̫ż²Ӳȣûˤ
Ϫ̤ˮߣԶͣںϵľɲʧң޲ÿһʶͷѴҲš
˭Ѵ˻˵ǴԼƯ˻ϪϲʤһͷˮǱȥһֻĻþ
ٵִ壬ȷ˵ԼĴϪˮ棬ߣ˰ϵˮգƳŴҪϴȴͻȻһ¶Դ˭˱ٿһʧˣ漴һƬˮȵϪʶֵǰ
֣ﻹӰϪͷһѲǰѴŪˣΪԼͻȻ֣ˮˣ
뵽˿ǱˮУˮѰŶԷӰˮ¿յĳԼû˵ӰѰƬ̣ϪоˣֻȻصϡ
ϴڵĺʿոյĻ氵ѵԼˣʧĵط¿ȥĿ֮δӰ
ϪһȴһĿ⣬ֽ֮УһöƬڴľķ϶˵ָ׸ԴһЩƬϪ֮ǰĶ̫һͨӨףʱᴩƬɫ
ɫϪʱˮĹâҲģȻĴȻԶһԶۡ
룬󺰵һ£ȱߣ
Ϫԭûϣǲͣȴûκ֡
ϪһæԼһżоմүүõСľ񣬹˲࣬ľŲʧۻӳ
ллҰѴŪ͸㣬ϣ´ǻټ


5 ֮
ƽ˾ӳȥľССˮ󣬱û˺ϪƬ̣йĵڼװϡ
~²ǱۣⶼǷõʲôɵ˵ǡֻιϹʲôүүľ˳ȥ
ϪյԴ½޷ֱӣۣԼϣһµǸϣԼղŷ¡
Σ˫۾ٿһΡ
йĽչߣƴȴ˴ֲڵĴУɻĲĿȥǶѷһһָ£ܸоԵĳ⣬Ȼǲűá
Ϫͷһʱ𣬽̵һҲ٣˽ʰ˻ˣϪƿ󣬷ִовٵ㣬͸ͷɱĿɹ۶ˡ
ʱȷˣ⴬Ưģͻģװ˲ٵ㣬˭Ѳɻһ·˵......
㣿
ٴŤһ޼ʵĴ󺣣ͷɲֿ򴬲е㣬Щˮ㵹͸ôȥҲ˶á
Ϫ룬˴ؼͰװȥߵӭײ˹ĻӣһֵƳ·Ϣ
ʱһü⻹ˣŻӻûԼǰһӵ콫ӵקʵСӣѧųȥĶ
ŵһ£ȻһϪħצûʲô棬ӹǡ
⳵ðӹǣʵȻÿġϪߵƳߣľͰĴСװǵպá
Ϫ㣬Ҿ˵ɽϵҰˣȥֵǮƸҺһζժ㡣վʵʵİԼļƻ˵˳
Ϫ˲ɲɺЦָûӵԴЦǲɵҲ㣬⳵ɽҲ˵ƲƵϣȥ춼ˣʱװ˹ӣ⳵
˵һɽɽƶͣһ˵ǺãΪǮСȥ᲻㣿
ӱϪһͨ䣬ѵûƢΪϪûƽ׬ǮͷǰżƻĿԣҲýȥĨ˰ڵϻҡҡͷ
Ϫ֪˭ѧɸЦˣһѽ˴ӵ˵Ҵ֣ʵʵһȥתתֺõĻʱҸ50ĹǮΣ
⻰û͵̧ͷϲϪ㣬˵ģѰİɣ
ϪԹǰȥںŲ㡣
㶣ߣӿ첽ϪĲһƳеҵĺý㣬ţ⳵Ұơ
˻صľͣӿǰľʹ㣬ĺϲ£죺Ϫ㣬⴬޺ˣô㣿
ϪľͰϴصϽɻ㲻֪¶ȥˣʮĹǮ벻Ҫˣ
һʵıϴװ㣬˽װľͰŲصƳϣֽ²غã˻ӵĴ֣ϪĶ˲١
һŪãѾʱ֣Ϫһȥصʱ䣬ɼӿ˶
˲ܽд˿ֻԶ·ȥϣһ·ͣһʱϡ
лϵĻӣԵ˷ܲѣǵЩţʱĶȴû뿪Ϫߡ
Ϫ˲ǳǮģ㾭ôʱ䣬мȥƷȻãûȥ˳ȥطֱ֧̯˼Ҿ¥Եмĳɵļ۸ȫ˳ȥ
һҲһǧģõǮ˷ܵΧϪֱתȦϪҲͷһȡ
һǮϪãŻȥмƣڸ̯˷ܵȥһͷ󺹣Ϫߣˣˡ
ϪˣԴ÷˹ȥЦˣɫˣǸûȥˣȻ¿ɶסˡ
ӱˮһ˺üڣŵͷ㣬ġ
ŻӿʵĳƺϪЦҡҡͷȥ;¥ķŵƳȡˣһ·ߣȥʱǲرܻ䣬ߵ»شߵ·
·Ϫڱӣ˵緹ûԣ˰ɣ
ӽӹڱҧһڿڳݲ˵϶Ƕ࣬Ҷˣ㲻˵ҶˣһҾͶ
ϪЦ׼õͭǮóڻǰ˻ΣǮͭǮĶӵ۾һ¾ˣ־Ҫȥá
Ϫһ㿪˻֣ڻӲУѹɤ˵շ£ȥ֪ôԲԣ
ӽڱ£ָ˵֪֪֪֪
ϪĵͷǮӣ˵ֲĹǮҸ10ģ»УֻҪٲķݡ
ӽǮֽţ̧ͷϪ㣬ģԺָҴģһġ
ϪԴûӻ˾ôһ·صʱǰ佼ſں˵
˼˶˸Ϫ񳯻ӻǮλÿ˿ӶʱĿģǰȥ
մһˣʱǰӵĶ䣬ͺȵСӽȥҰˣҲؼҳԷ˵Ҳûȥѧá
ӱŶ䣬۵ֱУҲϪʵնȥˣһղӰ
Ϫ֪Դºϱ˼ɣǺܸɴİѻˣؼҵʱ򣬼һƳɽȥ¸˹ȥ˭֪˵ҪȥɽժҰӣѰ˼ɲУ㽫˻
һɣ۾ϪŶԷôԼƳȥơ
մһ⻰ֱƨкϪŻӣһĨ΢ЦöͭǮ
ӿϪͭǮĬĬĽŴˣմＸȥӲǹˣСӽôôӲͺˡ
Ϫ״֪ˣʱĲմˣҰµʱú˵Ѿ֪ԼˣҲĪҪٴˡ
մﲻŵĿϪֿ˿ԼҶӣӹȻʵ̧ͷ˵֪ˣԺһԹٲȥʲôҰӵˡ
ôմ￪ۣϪϪҼСӴСƤĺܣȥѧҲܹӣͷѧѱˡ
ϪЦЦӻѧõѸߣ˵ǻСĻѧȥʵֻҪúͬôܳɴµġ
Ϫѹֵޣҿѧõ˵ûϪȻԺӻͷϪ࿴ЩմϪ仢Ӵ϶ʱתΪϲ
ϼϪѲǰǰ㾲ĬҲЦźմ˵Ƕ࿴飬ܺѧõȣ̧̫ˣʱ˸Ͻؼȥɣǲǻ𣿡
մһţҴҸˣŻӻԼңϪϣ˵Ұ


6 
峿컹ûԶźϪűҲţֵʵô磬Ҫȥģ
ϪͷЦȥߣǰүүһľҲСĸŪˣȥͬһ
ϲϪϰܣ˵ҲҲȥˡ
Ϫͣȥ˴ֻĴŴʱɫվǳ̲쳤˲һֱȵͷҲδ״΢΢Щʧ䡣
ҲûϪ̫ã˵ϵɳתؼңſڵʱȴſ֧ԴĴ
ϪǰֵȥѧţմûʰСӣ
һϪʱӵ˵ٺ٣Һ˵ˣղȥѧãҲܾϪѧʣһ㣬ȻûʱӦͲסĥ˿ڡ
ϪǰNɪĻӣҪ˼Ҳ⣬Ťͷʵأûȥ
ƴȥ￴ׯˣЩٹǼ㣬ͬ˵粻Ը׼ʳصˡӰϽĻص
ϪͷڴҲ㸻Ҫ۲ʵϼҲ£ֻϼӣϼҴǰԣǰʰҸ׼ʡԣһݣϼڴĵλȻ˰μơ
Զ£еعϹ佼ҵز٣ѷũԸֻ֣ȥѲһ
ӼϪ˵ӺСĵ˵Ϫ㣬㿴60ĵĹǮҲûŻóȥܲȥһˣ
Ϫбۿӣ˼ڶԷеĿе˵ͷӦҲãǱȥϳ緹
ǵýϵ鷻͵ϴ鷻ƹ˵мǵ̸˵ܴеõջ
Ӳ֪Ϫе㣬ֻ֪ԼĿĴˣ˴Ǯ̽˵Ϫ㣬չҰ¶ˣ㵱ʱ˵õǮǲҲøˣ
ԣϪҡҡͷӻǮ׸ӣ̧űȥ
æҵĽסͭǮСĵķǮУţϪ㣬ȵҡ
װҲǰˣһ·ĵϣﴧǮϪ·Ҳɵ˼ֵ
ǰŻǺԣźˮĵӰӻóӽҵͷϸϸ˳Ȼ÷Ժ󣬽¶˳
һֱһԿţʱ״΢΢˫ۣϪòʵüãüˮֱͦñһ˿Ӣ̵ǼʹûбʱҲĵ˲Ը
ƽǹ߳ţȥԼüۣ˿ĳ࣬¹Ƨö֮ҲԱĳࡣ
Ϫ㣬㳤ÿÿôͻȻʰԼڶݵʧ󣬺ʵǼϪԭòˣֻûԷϸʰӡ
ϪƽȷʵʰϣģһֶԱ֪ÿȥ鷻ӣݣ鼮ء
ǰ˵ǰȶˣ°빦Чһֱμģ鷻طĶſ̬ͣ⣬δЩƹơ
й䣬ŴЩҲ޷ǿ˵һǳ֮£ʰ޺˿žҲ˼ҾǺ۸ϪŻ˵
ԣΪȻĵͷʲô֮ûʲôȤһǺǮҹ£ϣҲѧϪͷźˮԼӡ
Ϫӣɴ䵽ǰŽͷãûӰúϴϴת˲һŨü۵Сɾͳǰ
ϪĵͷĻӵļ磬˵Ժ󱣳סͽɲУ²ǰðʧתһ
Ӹظ֤漴ŤĽֱӣ侲ĵͷ֪ˡ
ϪݸŻ˼Ҿ¥ڴӱİСǰԼʲô죬֪ôӻĿϪ
ϪȫȻӼŶðˣƵĿڵСϼҵֲ˱ǡ
СˣϪϵĲһڣЦӣսһУ㲻֪£ðѾȨ˼ұãöԷϲá
ӻȻĵͷϪ²豭Цˣϰľˣôˣ㿴˭㿴ѧŵˡ
㣬˵ˣװģˡֱͦˣ۾ڴŵתơ
ϪٹĿλˣʱӽ˾¥һۣûˣӵˡ
ϪǲԶһ˲ʳ˵ջ˶Ǵɤţ˵һֱϪꡣ
ʱһͻȻڵһԶݽ˵ǱߵĽʱϵţҪ˶õǵս¡
٣սˣ͢ĸ˰ǲҪˣǲǵ㣬ƻۣΪ֮㣿
²ɵˣмҶ˵ģóȻۣСĵʱȥǲ͵ʴס
˵Цһ󣬻ƵȥˣϪеĲ豭£ŸɰѲСʵСŲ̸𱱱ߵ£ÿģ֪ʲôϢ
С˷źãŻػȷʵвٿ˵𱱱ߵ£˵ǱҪս£ϱˣսҲ򲻵ߣҲû·ϡ
ϪлСûټҲ²ѣս»᲻δ֪ˣС˵Ӧ̫ܵ󲨼
һٷĲһǻϪģ¥ֻһѰС¥ǮʵϪۣԭҲ㣬һǽ֮ǰ֮ȼͷȥ˴롣
ȻϪܵĻȥ鷻ϪʹƹĴŵص㣬㶣ӲҪܣԼһһ
鷿ֻоڣʵĸϪԲ֨ˡ
ε飬󶼻ʫΪлмЩϪȤ˴һμпԼȤġ
вĵرбһ˳Ϊ㣬ݴںУʳѪʹ˳ϡ
еϪüͷⱾдݺǲϲֱⶨд˶׫ģû˿ȥ¡
ԭ˯ĻӣֻǰӰһΣ־ϪԹԳ鷻æȥ
鷻ĲԶһվһţԿԶȥӰǲҵԣߵŮ˭Ѳ......
漴˿뿪ĵطɻ鷻𣿡
ʱԶţ㷢ʲôأϽϡ
Ӧһţǰͷ֮ȥ


7 
ϪصĻ˴ûдӴߣֱеǴ̲ź˵
Ӳ֪ϪôˣŶԷվһСĵʵϪ㣬ôˣ
Ϫ򴽣յץץͷȻһѳ͵£̾˿ɫɿڵûʲôǿЩ˲£Լ̫Сˡ
ϪػˣӲŷҲ£ʵ㿴ʲôˣ
Ϫź棬ȥֻܿһ޼ʵĺƽߣԶϵĴֻСĿԺԲơ
ӣ㵽ǲĴڣ
һ㶣ץץԴ˵㣬㻹أҪ˵Ǵڵİɡ
ӵĴϪЩ⣬ŤɻΪʲôô˵δ
ĴӲ̫Զ˵ǳԶĿȥ󺣻ǿߣôطҪҲ֣үү˵𡣡ָźԶ˵
Ϫ˳ָķȥ󺣵Ŀȷʵ۷һʱ֮ϪĳԺ˳ǣͻȻо֮Ҳһͬȥ
ѽôʲôûС
㣬㲻ȥɣǻ˵ģǧɵ°ӿϪϵЦݣһ͵ؾ
֪ģϪСںʹǽϾҪڴǰ֤Լɵŵ䷸ɵˡ
Ϫбۿһۣû˵ѽһһȥʱ㵱նҺóû֡
ϵıһٱ䣬˰죬㣬㲻˵İɣ
Ϫҡҡͷӵ˵ϵɳһĻӵĺ˵ﶼЩʲô벶֪ܲĻ֪Ķȥ
˵⻰Ϫӻһֽŵʲһƽϸ߽ʯ⽸ʯ̬бպһں֮ϣԼĻֽϷ
Ӽ״ֵϪ㣬ⲻǼ۽̵۽ҼǵһҪǮɣôط
Ϫקһ£ȷϲ׵˵㡣
㣿
СӲʱˣûȥˣȻմҲ㡣
Ϫҡͷʲô㰮۽ӵĻƵȥһ·̲סٴλͷȥ۽úõĹԭأʧת뿪
ҹΪڽʯϵ۽Ϫշת˰ҹ˯úǲ̤ʵʱʱ֣ƿţͷЩ졣
ԺʰɹɣϪֱ˵˯ʱЩʱһԷӦҹʲôˣ
Ϫȥ˸Գ˼һʰ˵ǰ̻̫ܽˣ˯ˡ
̰ЩĻҪȥͰմϵİɣǺӲ˵ܰһЩԵǺõġϸп˵
ϪʵţӦţ˵ĶԣҪԵ
ǲûأû˵
ܰ~˲СŮӿԸġϪ¶һɵЦݣǵ϶ʱûƢεҡҡͷ
ֽϪͷ󣬿Ϫζӳ£ŮòƷѧǶǰμģǺϴ˼ҽСϣҲǲ³ɣƫӾĺţһ㣬ǳˡ
Ϫһϵı֪ԷʲôЦЦ˵̫࣬ﶼģҶҪһǳ·ģݲңٵȵȣʱҶǸ
ûǮĲҪѾͷҲٵĲ棬ȻñɡҡҡͷµûС
Ϫԣ˿ɫǹڽʯ۽ݺһ˱㲽ȥˡ
һ·ʯԶԶϪͿԶֽ̾˿ŲҲ
йֹֽֽȻ쿪𣿡
į䣬ϪֽͻȻֵֹģ΢΢һüֽдͻȻһֽİտЩͬ
뵽Ĳֽһͷ۽Ϊ۽Ӽ۸񲻱ˣϪʱ򣬿һſſŻõģжٿĺܡ
Ȼֽе۽һţȻߺ˶Ķ
ط֪۽ĳԼֻлӣͨ˿ⶫȻ򿪳Ϊβߣ°÷Żԭ
ϪŽʯϸϸѰ˼飬ûпʲô״ָ°ֽͣ۽ٴηŻԭȻҴиϡ
صԼǰϪĽŲһ٣ת˷ȥˣҵԺſţԺȤϪʱһϲеһӱӭ˳
Ϫ㣬ǲʲôƻˣңһûӴսϪСԹ
ϪĻԼǰ˵㣬ҹڽʯϵ۽Сû͵ԣ
קԼ죬㵵ĿϪ˵㣬˵ʲôأ˵ˣҲɵҪҳԵģ㲻õһʱ仳ɵͷϣ
Ϫ˽ϵɵĲ㣿ҪǸƭңŲҰǰǵȫСƨɺúñǻһ
ץϪһҡͷ㣬Ұ治ҳԵģ
ϪۿŻӰΣȷ϶Է治˵Ѻ󣬰ɿĶԷļͷ˵ҴˣǸ
ӻ˻ӣпϪ㣬ո湻˵ģҵʱ򻹻ˡ
Ϫû˼ӣ䲻鲻ԸĻȥ󣬱ԼԺӣɸţ³ԵĲɵģҲδҴһ˷
ԼĴϣϪۺ˯⣬ﲻɷԼΪζִţ֮˵ݣ˵ֻǿѨΪʲôǷŲ£
Ѳĺʹ˵ǰ㣬һǣԲֻ̫ζⲻΣЩ֮롣
֪ϪһĴ̷ҹȥǽʯơ
һ·ͷУСı˲ŻصʯϪ˲ϵĺʯĵղ޲ͬ
˸ȥεİʯЩˣϪҲⱧ۾ͷţʱһһεĹȥ˯⽥Ϯ
ϪԴţѾ˯ʱһˮû⣬ǽعжˮǷֱĳġ
סСĵĲ̽ͷȥ۽ҵĵطĿһĨĿİףŮȵıӰŮ̽棬ס룬ֻԼͳԱƤԷʱȥŵֽ
ڴˣϪ̲סҧס´ԿԼǽµĽʯʪһᣬæסԵʯסӡ
һҲ¶ĴڣֻǱߵŮܾС¹һ㣬Ӳ˲Ҳǽ⵽һֽʱһˮС
ϪżҲ˲࣬ǰסŮǶԷĶ̫죬ץ˸գȴʶֽסֽ
ǰ˵ҲÿգһͷԽ˺ˮ֮С
˲۾ĲʣϪ˫ܿȥ漴һŻŵݣԷҲûϵ
ͷͻȻһĿϪֻо죬һʱ֮εǶˣֻʣһ̾
ʲôºеŮǡ


8 
ǰ촽ò崿ļߣСɵĹ˫ɫںҲԶ񣬺ƻ˵һ㣬īɫĳƮƵ˷ɫѩ续һ㲻ʵ
ҹ裬޵£ԷɾϪ磬ˢòļʶ
ˮеϪԷĵһӦ룬ۼŮҪٶȴǰʧϪһ˲ԼˮС
ˮѸ͵Ĺڱǣһ䡰ߡں˵ȥϪȥԷȴǰԼµݺסֻۣоһƬʪǲͬںˮĴУʶס
һ΢촫ϪĶУˮв簶϶ôУҲֱ治ʲô˿ΪһıʣѾʧȥˮпԼ
Ҫˮһΰɣ
ͷջԺͻȻӱһ̧ٴκʵĿ
ϪڵĴϱסȥãһ̧Լлקŵֽһֻקŵʲڵ
Լŵʲ϶籡һߴ򿪣ŵطϸܵƬɫһβ
漴ĸˮ棬ȾɫտŲͽţüšһ˴ʱ顣
Ϫһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬οǰŮ˵ľ밤úܽԷ˫࣬ȵг档
ǸʲôǸҲҪץġϪڽ͵ûɿԵĻ˿û˵
ŮûдǻеĲԽʢǰĺðһСݡ
Ϫ˿Ůֿ˿βͣһʱ֪ǺãﵱȻֺͶԷǸһֶԷֻ˲ǰʧһҪûסԤԺ󶼲лˡ
뵽Ϫһｫеֽӻغ̲ϣۼע⵽ʱŮԾĿ⣬ֵÿպʪԺȻ͵³
ɿסβͬʱѾ˶Է䣬ȦԼĻ
ŮһƬĻңȥϪϪϽԷӵס֮ľܣ۴ֻüԷüۡ
ϪĽ͵£ûжģֻҪ㲻Ҿɿ......
û˵꣬ٶ뺣ˮ֮УԭǽŮŸģȻڶԷԼٶȽԼק뺣С
Ϫܵһɾ޴ҪƳȥҧӲӲͷƤֻ֣оںˮƮƬ֮㡣
ϪۣԼѾǳ̲ϣߴһžડͷȥŮ˿̻У˫ţյĿԼ
ʱףոӦŮˮʹԼ̲Ͻ˰Լû뵽Լô翹ӲŶԷһ˺̲
пβǳˮĴţϪһݣŷӦԷˣˮ㲻ܻأ
ԼȻôŶԷ뿪ҲöԷյ˺æһѽŮĶԸгŮԤеҪᡣ
㲻Ҫ£ȥҲãû˺㣬ֻͬ˵˵ϪнĽ͵
ļѵǰһ·ˮûĴȣСĵŮ뺣С
ŮһƬ죬һˮһŤγȥףȻٴðͷһãĿվԭصϪ
ŮϪˮվȣֻ˼վֱӣŻδȥŮε̾˿ֻû˻ִ𣬶Է㲻ԸҲǿԵ֡
ŮûˮУڸԶ̽ͷϪҲûп˼ңƬʧںС
Ůһû뺣УþòϪ̾˿ļһɵȻʧ֮Уʪתȥ
ϰϪšϵʪ·Ŀǰϰֽֽ𣬲ɸпȻûֽʪ˴뵫ͷ۽ûʲôӰ졣
ϪһŷУ֮кǿθָпȷʵѹܰС
ôͻȻˮϪһ͵ػع֮ǰʧŮһγڲԶңңٵϪ
ϪתһܻغУȵŮֺ½ŵֻ˽ŲСĿԷ
ߵԷԷûҪ뿪˼Ϫϲôֻˣ
ԷûлĻȴǽ棬̯ϪǰĴŵϪ뺣еľԼ֮ǰֽõ
Ϫǰ˶ԷͼЩ黹Ȼ֮ǰͻĴֻ
ǰһ룬ϪˣǰŮ֮Խȫ黹ΪҪĴڣûֻںϣԷԼȥѰңԽ͵͵˻
ľӳıԷߣǴߵŮֵ⣬źʹһһνͻ
ڶλʱ򣬿˽ʯҵֽ֮´͵һţֺ±ֱٴηŻԭȴΪ˰ľ¡
Ҳ֪黹ľΪ۽ӣõԼײ˸š
Ȼ֪ԼĲԲԣϪЦЦԺȻָָľҡҡͷ˵㣬ػҡ
ŮĿ˿еļ̌ۿϪûнջȥ
Ϫ״΢΢üŮΪǲԣ°Ͳ֪ôͶԷ˵еֽж䣬Ůǰι
Ů΢΢˲ַֽͣɿƿۣϪԷĶķ˿еİֵ˹ȥ
Ůݹֽ۾΢΢ȴٳûȥãϪ״ֽ򿪣һ۽УȻһŵݵŮߡ
Žߵ۽Ůֳĺۼȴûж
Ϫɾɥ뿴ûа취ôԷԼĽ䱸Ҫ֣ͻȻŮ̽ˮ棬ҧָ۽ֶغС
㵵ĿԼָ⣬ϪŮ죬Լ㵵Ŀ⣬ԷЩĲ
˻棬ϪʵûסЦԽԽ˼ǷЦ
ΣϪָȥ۽ǵˮչȥЦɰ
ǡʱչأůɫĹâϪϣӭվţɵĳϵЦɾ
Ů濴ǰ࣬ͷеĹ˻븹У΢΢һӣٿضغС
Ϫ״ȥЦ⣬СĵĹ۲ŮĶǷʣʱɫԭҹﲻҲǳ̲ĺˮ峺ˮµķ羰ܱĿ
ŮӨ׵ļˮɼϪһ͵ֱŤȴΪһںˮ֮С
Ǻ˼ˮϪӽͷ¶棬ȴŮ˹ɻĿ
ĿϪֻоһ㣬ҵվӣȥԷ˵ɫҪͣ˵ᱻ˿Щ߰ɡ
ʱע⵽۽ɢˮУһֻãֹԷĶȴһ۽С
ϪϽʣµļ۽Ϊ˱⿴ÿģֻһЩչȥרעڶԷϣ˵۽ˮ˲óԣҪԣҸµģ㡣
漴ŮĻָָȻסֽۣе۽ŽʯڵĵطȻŮ
Ҳ֪ǲϪĻŮһͣ˿ճķת뺣ԶȥûӰϪòӰ֪һζԷ뿪ˡ


9 
ͬڷŵķֱ𣬴˿̵ϪãϵʪµĳأĲȴ쳣죬Ƭ̱˰ϡ
ʱɫȴǴĺʱҪٲЩȥ˵ͻᱻ˷Լҹڼң˿ǱģҪǱ˿ֵָôʲôԣϪԼٶൢ飬ЩؼҲ档
һ·ϣܹû˷֣ϪܿŴԼĴȥڽȴײ˲ԶһŲݡ
Ϫͷһ漴˺ַǻӵĸףҵĵ׼
ӵӾ֪ôƤʵĺӣ丸ĸŲСĹͣңͷ׼ġ
׼ԶСϼ꣬ô˵Ҳ׵ˣ˵ȴԺͺͯƵģʱѺ棬һҲء
Ϫ֪ԼСϺϱԹԼһӣ
׼ȻȴǸ˼ŵǰ壬ƽﰮЩûжԡ
ϪСʵʩЩСƻʱʱ᲻Сײͬ͵е׼˲һȴǱΪ飬ԷЩС
Ϫ׼ǰ㾴أ˼־УҲ̫ܻ䣬Щ꽻ζ
׼ϵľƬ֮ΪݸЦݣľƺϪ˵ͷȻתƺڲԶ¡
Ϫ˿ԼԺﴫԺŵĿһʹ˴ԼڣſĵϥǣԺŵĶϡ׼˵Զɸ˸Ŀڷ
һϵæµ㳱ʪϪ˶ӣ֮ǰȲú侲ЩԲҪǲϽůůҪ÷纮
ϵϽ£Ϫ̨ˮ⶯𴲵ϣϪģɲôˮ
Ϫεվӣһתҹﲻ֪ģһֱ䲻ʣһ麹ˣŲݸˮȥȥ
һ⻰ǰϪϵ¶ȣִܵϵˮ·ʪˣǳ˶ٵĺ㺮ɫҲã²ҪȾ纮ȥţˮա
ԼżϪⲻȥѵҾûʲôʣԼˡ
˵ʲôɵԽʱԽҪע⣬ȥţȵٸ㰾㽪ϪߣȻǲΥ
ϪιԹԻԼķ䣬ûһϱˮݣˮϸõĽ裬Ϫ˶ůƣ֮Ҳһһӿ
ϴϪڸ̱죬ϼϸϸոɹı죬Ҹ㻻ϣ㴲ϵǲøҸóȥɹɹ˯ЩʱҸĴ˳ԡ
Ϫһů߹ȥ§˵ҿá
ûϪ֣ЦҾôһŮö˭ȥ˺˸Ͻ˯ɣô˻͸Ƶġ
ϪɵڴϣĿϹţܿ˯ȥŮݺƲȥֻһ˯úȡ
ʱͣϪԴֻо֮Щᣬпⰾҹ˵⺣˴ޡ
ųȥͼϴӳתȥ˵Ҹ㰾Щ࣬һֱţţ˹ȥ
ϪԺɹֻ̫оӵĺܣ϶״˵ԺϽȥ
Ϫ֪ԼϵĻ֮ʣϽӹе࣬ԭλ̫ôķ磬ţɹɹ̫Ҳȥȥ
ֲֻĻԺţ￪ʼæ߻Ϫ뿴æһʵܸܲ磬Ҫһ֣
ͣеĶôֶȤˣ
Ϫ룬˵ǰտϵС磬ҿžźÿҲԡ
ð͵͵ȥϣ˵ٴˣҵһⲻȫҪҡϷеߣ˵ϪԴ
ⲻûˣһǣġϪͷ˸Ц
ȻﲻŮһŮҵȤҲǸ˵ģѾͷ²תӣҲ֪ʰԼˣǺ£Ըֵ֧ġ
Ҫʲôʽģ
ɿڣϪеȻԽᱡԽãľܳЩûʲôЩͳɡ
ϪҪϼˣȥѡϣʱӵԴϪſ̽ͷ̽Ե
СӿʲôأɡϪſںԷ
ӵûһϪǰЦ㣬ôţ
Ϫ֪СڼҴסܳȥˣȴ˳˵ôûгˣհ첻ǻʹ𣿡
㣬֪˵Ĳ˼˵ֳšżıȻ
ϪҲٶ˿ϵӵķŴӦ˽ҪóԵȥߣԼڵϿ϶ǲԸԼȥϵģǰĻ⡣
ӣҼǵýӦдȥϲҪһȥ䣿ϪЦ
㣬ȥ͸ȥǿɲԶˣû˼ġȱȱ˵
ϪԴ˵տɲôȥģ񽻸㡣
һ⻰Ӿ˾񣬴չʵ㣬˵һ쵽
ȥϲ򣬰ҿƽ۶ںδڴֶںδм۸ΣԱЩʲôˡ
ǰǵϸЩ֪žͳɣҲʲϪָͻ˵
ǰϸĻӣϪһģ˵оǣЩСԻһЩʽһЩǮ㡣
ӵͷʾԼˣȻʵ㣬ǰҶСΪʲô
ô࣬ǣ¶˵סϪЩǮӡ
Ŷ֪ˣҾôȥǲһô죿ҲԸҡӽǮǳ
㲻õģֻҪ˵Ļ¾ˡϪЦЦϡ
ϿӣЦˡӹɵӦк
Ϫߣ˵ĲϲˣҹǲҪ磬ҵʱȥϲˣҲ˳ѡ
ϪӻղײգɻӺ˵ȥϹ䣬ҲȥϲҪȻһȥ¡
ͷϿЩԥĵղǲ𣿡
㲻õңѾûˣҾڼҹԹϢʲô¡ϪЦЦ
Ϫһټ֣ϱҲԥͷҲãպٿûµĲϣɣСӣƴȥߡ
ӻϲصӦˣ׼ϪЦ˳š


10 ҹ
ֻʣϪһ˵ʱԼʣǮóһ£ԭÿԶҲ300ĵǮΪʳסжǼ֧ǮԶҲࡣ
ϪҪ˿ڻҪЩģûԶſҪǮÿµǮ֮ǰ޴ˣϲûжģǴǮ⼸ĿҲֻʣİĲ
ôðǮ¸ϽճˣȻô£ڻ˸ҪֺõС㣬ϵĵͻȻˡ
˰ʱ֣ӺԼ׻ϪЩ֣Ŵȥɿ˴ͷմ
մ￴Ϫӭʵʱ򣬻Ӻ˵Ҫȥϣⶼˣǻˣ
Ϫ̧ǰͷһۣصˣҲ֣ôʱ򻹲˻ȥڿ
УҺһȥʲôˡմҲӦϡ
˲˼ͼǰͷϺͻӵӰߣ߻һˣںǵ
Ϫüͷôһ֮ǰͶףʱײϪЩ졣
ǱƺҲע⵽ϪĴڣޱĳϪķһۣҲûʲôʾ漴ת뿪ϪȴöԷ͸һ˿̽
ϺĲϣӱĶܵϪǰ˵㣬ҶˣʱˣûôעĶЩʲô
ϪŻӽţӹĶŻԼֲʵȥôôʱ䣬ͻˡ
ӰŰ£ػϪ㣬㲻֪ȥˣ˵Щ˲ˡ
˲ˣϪɻ
ѽ˵ȥ棬˴ľôˣȥѰҲҲʱüˣΪ´ҾͶ˵һӣʱˡɷµ˵
Ϫö˶˵ô᲻һûѰ
ӣҪ˻ˣҲûôˣ㲻֪ǶڴЩ˵ˣ㣬Ǵˡ
⻰ϪĵһӦǷ˵ǼſڱտڵľͰѴƵͷϣ޻̸ֱ֮Цˡ
ӱôķӦһ˵㣬⻰ֲ˵ģҷʲô𣿡
ϪҲ֪Լʧ̬ˣһתƻô£Ϊʲôһ
ŶѽⲻЩ£˾ý̫̫ƽҺƴһŮ˴һӣ˵עŵĺã˻֮ǰޣҲûһ·ҿƴˡӶϪüŪ۵
ʲôȢԼ²ڼֵҲˣϪЦ˳ƾŻӵĶ˵Ҷ˵֮ǰʧ亣ŰëǮϵûУСǲǲ԰
ӳʹ֤ԼԺһʵǣϪɿ֣Ҳ˵ʲôԼȥ
ϳԷʱϪ֮ǰ˵£Ҳǵͷʾǻ˵ǰ㡣
ʲô㣿ҿϺˣ˾͸ƯԶˣҲˣҪ㣬ΪǴ岻¡Զ֮˵Ҳ֮Աǡ
ޣ⻰˵ãʱô죿ϲԶļͷһơ
˵ЩˣԷԷԶ˲ӣİЩɻ䣬⻰˹ȥ
Ϫﷹܾûô򵥣ֻеĵҲ벻ס
ҹʱ֣ϪϰﻢСԣһĵĳţһ·˽ʯĿĵصʱпԼԽԽˡ
ʯյϪûˣϪ˼ȦûпŮӰʵҲƶԼĻԷûʹ˼ԷҲûиκλӦԽܲҲûס
ںƬ̣ûеԷĵϪֱߵĳʳԼĴͷһȻԷԼǾԼȥ¡
һļɣ뵽ϪҲɵȣĴֻק˳ƽУųʳ˴ٴȥһ亣ĵط
һϪû;ͣһ·ʻĿĵأȵλõʱϪͣ´̽ͷһ£ûκεջ
ʼ˴ʼϰŶӦܲһЩȥȻ϶࣬Ҳ⣬Ϊм۵㣬϶ǻעġ
ϪվڴͷһĽȥջϸϸĥԼƺһ֮ǰӡ
ʱһһĹȥעеʱ׸оƣǵȵʱϪ˲ͷĺͣĶ
һεҪĿϰջβ⣬ȥǷһ¾Ϳʼգѵû
һߣϪؼװ֮ϣһĺ棬ﲻһ˿ʧ䣬ǼСˡ
ϢƬ̣Ϫ񣬴һοʼϰսۼ㿴Զĺһڵ㣬ͷһʱ˽ĶĿȥ
ϪͷȲľǣǲСˣ漴˰ͻȻ֣ǺһҴҲ߳Ĵ
ϪڵĴӣһԴÿÿдִ̫󣬻һ㹻ٿأǴһҲ̫ࡣ
ԶҴϪһ¾룬ܿ⴬ĴСõĴͻĴֻ
ѵ̴ôˣ⴬ҪǸ⺣Ϫü
ü˼ûബֻϢпʼͻȻоһһɴקȥûһʧġ
Ϫæڼװϣҧî˾ססӣȶ̶ڴϣ˿
ΪбһߣòڷϪֻоһ½ųһ亹̽ͷпȥ
ֻԼоĶ㣬Щ㻹ƴ֣ʱҲô㣬ֱӽһ
ɻ䣬ͻȻˮϽӶĶʹϪУһתɶŮ㵵˫ۡ
㣡Ϫϲû뵽ĻܼԷ
Ҳûȥϸôģæó֮ǰڴСԣڴߣһóԷ
㿴ҽȥģҲ֪ϲʲô͸һЩй𻨸⡢ͱϺ......㿴ĸ
Ϫױһ㽫СŮǰŮǰĳʳ۷Ź⣬ȴûȥãСĵ̧ۿϪ
ϪŲ¶Էƻ˼ɣСԼһһͬĵݵŮߣŮԥƬҧ¡
ԷϳԣϪ϶ʱЦ⣬ܿԷʳʱˮβĴɵģɼԷϲ
ôһһڵĳţϪÿԹˣ㲻ټԣſڴϣһһĵݸŮ֧ԴЦˣû˵ҵְɣҽϪ


11 ȥ
Ů۾һգһգĶԼϪЦЦ˵˵ҳǰǼ죬һֱ˲ϣһü춼ܳȥ棬ֱҳ죬ͻȻ磬»ָӣ˵һҴĸ
ǰҲ˵ȡÿһֶˮٴڴ󺣵ġ
Ϫ˵⻰ȴǰŮͻȻҭһ㣬ǵͨ죬һ˫۾Բʱ㻹ðɣҪҪ
ϪҲ֪ôãڵƺλҲʩԮ֣ʱŮͷһ˱صˮУȻû˶
£Ϫſڴˮòʧȥʶ˰ɣҪʹˡ
ڴϿˮµϪ򴽶ʱˮпֱǰһŮǰԾˮ档
µգҹĻǳΪǰ˻һĻϪͷԾɫβ·һ㣬֮ҲضãǽεݱɫҪˡ
̶һ˲ʱ䣬Ϫȴ÷һĻ̫е񶼸ƻȥֱĺˮʪݣŻع
˿ŮѾָ֮ǰģϪĴߣϪԴȻſ˷۴
ֻһɫŮĿдϪڶһӣֻûдʣɫ˲ԾС
Ϫû㶵ĿŶԷֻø質еŮɢʥʣ˲˿֮顣
ϪеʱΪ𾪵·ˣֻĴ߿ʼϵ㿿ûñΧһȦôҲ
ܿͣˣŮ㿴Ϫֿ˿ΧȺ
Ϫ죬زͻȻ֮ǰ㣬ʱǴҲǳŮ֣֮ƾٿغеࡣ
Ϫ˫ۣܿͻعŮʵЩǸҵģ
Ů˵ȴ˼װʣŵСԣϪȻ׶Էڻ
Ϫ˿ΧڴߵȺ˵ûϵҪô࣬ҸĶõ֮ǰõǮЩҲҵġ
Ůǰ¶ĿԼϪŮԼĻԼ˵ٶҲûãԷģʵϲ̲סԷԴεЦǰܸˡ
оµһϪ֣ǸǸ㲻ϲɣûж⣬⣬Ժ󲻻ˡ
ųĬŮϪԣɸпӣôܻˣ˵˲۸Ͳˡ
ǲϿϪĻһ㣬ŮͻȻֱӣѧϪ֮ǰӣҲϪķ
õأҲ㲻ᣬ⶯ٿˮУԶһЩˮ棬ֻ±ĵһ¶Ϫ
ϪӣŵĿǱߵŮԷƺмֵ⣬һЩˮգϪ̲סЦ
ЦҹĺϺϪ⣬Ҳüͷ֮ɢ
ҪϰͺˣҾͿԴȥԸóԵģȥ½ϵϪЩп˵
ŮڲԶζʱʱ̽ˮϪڵĵطһۣڱջĿ⡣
ʱҲˣϪɲÿԷͨȻһ᷸ʱ˿ָʲôҪ鷳
վӽУŮ˵ҪȥˣܲÿˣɵСЩ˷ˣвõĴԣҪǱǶ㡣
´ʱٸóԵġϪŮӻ֣ʼȥ
ϪĴߣŮͣԭʶĸǰһξ룬Ϫֺͣ´˸ȥƣȻٴλ
ϪĴһյ͵ƣߵķ֮أһ󺣱ָԭȣŮͣԭأǳȻɫֱʧһͷĳУź£ϡܸݿͷֱǡsuxi

һλؼҵ磬Ҳſ˯ʱϪˣŶһĹǷԺֱüͷ
һҵģôôעŵ㣬ҪǱ˿ȥЦ㲻ˡ
ϪԶʱջظ߾ٵ˫֣ʼ簴˵ģִ˸Ƿûޣֵ˯ѵģĪմȾʲôɾĶ
˵ɫصֱϪһ⻰ˣ˵Ϲ˵ʲôأֻ˻ĳʳҹﶥ˯ţӡ
Ϸʵջһգ۱㲻ˣʱѾ˲٣ôණ㶼ˣ
ϣĶιС㣬ϪεģӲͷƤ˵ĺܣ֪ľͶˡ
ˣϲŵʵ
ˡϪͷƿ˫ۡ
Ҳ㷹ˡҡҡͷп
Ϊ˱⻰϶ϪŲſڣ˵յУҴȥϿΣʱͷԾͺã׼ˡ
ϿϪ̾˿˵֪ˣĽ̻ӣúỵ́ƵģûΡ
֪ˣ֪ˣͱˡϪЦЦ˱ʧſڡ
ҲԶ·ĹϪֻδҵĴţűͷˣ׼ӰſڣϪҲܾȡ
ⲻϪôҼңкָ̣ĪΪү׼Ȥ
ͷ˵̽ͷſڷϪǰһ׼˵Ϲ˵ʲôأֻǿ˵𣿵ʱȥñôϪȥȥȥҪŸϽš
ϪЦЦû׼⻰ϣ֪׼ʵûʲô˼Բأүģɣԣӵġ
һӣһʲô£׼ڼҵʱ䲻࣬Բ֪ӶϪ
ҽյÿգǰմ˵ҰŽ̻̽ӣұˣѧϰǸ粻ϪӦϵͷ
ԶԶԣô£ѵϪ⻰ˣӻûȥһ⻰תȥӡ
һߣ׼üЦǲǸһ
Ҳңүлң罫еƳ͵͵һաϪҲЦŻص˳ƿۻδϡ
СѾͷֱʲôˣҲˣʱҲýͣҵȵƵǰͷ㵽ʱԼȡɡ׼λԴתԺƳ˳Ȼڰˡ
ŰΰѵĻӳһ֪ղ˯죬ֹϵĺʲô
Ϫˣʹ˸ɫʾػȻ󿪿ڵλ粻ϿΣѧģ㲻ʶô
ԴֹʲôϪʲôʱ......Ϫ㣡
͵ػعһ㣬һվֱӣϪЦЦĿԼһ죬ģҾ
ۣϲüңӴϪб£ӰԣŻмѧ
￪ģԻӵĳƺˣϪЦЦ˵ҴȥͷߣסûãදѧĽȥ
УҷģҵȵȣҸЦӦתȥñ
ʱ򣬻ӴյϪǰ㣬ǲаţ
Ϫİƿ˵ȥϴϴʡĴҶۡ
ӶʱϪ˼ϲصȥˡ


12 
ﻹűĻӣϪϵͷߣ·Լǰʱ򣬻ӻϴкӡ֤֮ǰϪĻڲ˵ġ
ߵ·ڵʱ򣬿ԼҵƳʱӿ˼۾һת˵㣬ǲǽҪȥ㣿
ϪҴһ£ԼûӵĻǰ˵˵עŵ㣬ҿǲȥǰɣ
ӶʱıʾٿˣϪƳһ·ʯô㣬ϪҲðѴֻѰ˸ô۵λýͣǡ
ûӴ֣ϪѴ˻£̲ס˾㣬һ㵱ǲ٣ϴεĻ࣬㶼ɶʱȥģ´Ҳ£Ҳѧ֡
Ϫ´еľͰе˵Ⲷķȫ¶һңŮУҲ㣬ѹûѧ
ĵƲƲ죬ﲻϪĻһ߰æһ߻ػʲôŮУҿǲңѧ֮
ϪýͣԲٴͷ£εϴεĶ࣬ľͰװʵװ£һ֣ϪԾ͸ŻغУĻһϧ


13 鷳
㣬ǰʲôˣӺ
ϪûлػŮǸߵģͦΣ͸Ⱥķ϶ܿ¼һ
Ⱥ룬һ긾ˣǸŵزϵĿɳƳ̶Ȼ⸾Ѿⲻʱ䣬¥ƹģһ͵ĺһվһ
վ̨֮ϣܿ˵ݣϪ˵ͷС˵ϵıǲͣȻĿⲻסԼͣſڵƳϿ
Ϫвӿ˲õԤУʱ¥ƹĿȺвɨӣȻǳⲻΧ£Ⱥ¾¥û취Ӫҵ
ʱƹĿϪ˸ţϪʶ㵫ѾˣƹĽһָϪڵķȻϪ
㣬ʲôΪʲôǣӿע⵽ȺĿڲϵĻ۵Ƕϡ
Ϫ򴽣֪˳ܲˣɴվԭز뿴⵽ʲôûʲô£ǲ鷳ţĻӵļͷ˵£нأ
ЩݵĿϪ˾ϪͻȻߴͦͦţһĿŲȺ߹ƹ
ƹĺߵһ·ϪǰҪǰץסϪĸ첲쵽һ˻ȥֵλСӣǻˣⶼˡ
Ϫһ⻰üͷһ壬ֻƹ˵ĵĻֻ˵Ǻ£㾡λҲһѡ
˵ţϪʾ⣬ƬȻ󲻸ŵĺ㣡
ϪĻӵļͷЦЦѣƹ񵽵ô£
ƹ˿ԭؿ޺ĸˣ̾˿˵ԭί
ԭЩʱϪҾ¥˴Ż뿪Щ͸͵˺¥ĳӴ
ϪԵĪ⣿
ͷЩò⣬ٻҪкͨвһ֮ڳԳ⣬ˡ
ôһ룬˼ǲˣ̫Ȼˣûмͽó˽ףʵԼرһǣΪʵڲ뽫Щ¼ɼעСϡ
ƹ̾˿ҡҡͷ⣬СȻ۸Ʒȴ죬ͷƽĴЩ
Ϫ˿ƹ˵Ҳ˵ǳϡ
ԭʱǰһ㰴Ҫ㣬ͷҲûʲô״ע⵽ʣµУһѾЩϵƣǻˡ
Ϊ˱ڸӰ죬ӾʹϽȸˣȴᵶǣоһȻΪ֮ʲ
һһ壬ӶʱͣеĻƣˮϴɾͷĻȷһ壬ȻɫãҲֵǮ
ʱֻо⵱ϵڱ£ֽɱ˼㣬޶󣬱ȷżȻ
ӽպúʵûסڿʱõСҫ˴£С˼䣬óӵӣ㽫˳ȥʱһˣǡøˡ
˵ԸƷһ³ɫӱ㻶ϲص˳һɫͱˣΪǳС
˰ǰҲûл⻰һν²Ż´ǧʱڳ˶ʱ˽ȥϢֶߣ˴ʱڵſڿ޺ĸˡ
Ǹ˵ĸףԴӶʧٺڸѰңѶ¥ȷԼǿץסһݰ㲻Ը뿪Ҫƹĸ˵ڵľ档
Сӣ㵹ǸޣҵģҪôģҲ㲻ǣƹϪ˵
Ϫû뵽Ȼɣ˿壬Ȼһ´СҲЩ棬Сô̵еġ
ƹֻ˵ƹģɲô˵ģǳ㣬ںΣǡɾͱҲҲ֪ʲôԵɡ
ҲףҲͬ˵ˣҲû˰취ˣ˶ţ¥Ҳûˡƹ˵
ٰɣ»ùٸ˲ɲС£ҵҲǵΡϪǸ˿ڵ
ƹԥһ£ԭ¹ٸ֪ˣִһֱţҲ治סˣֻתԸ˸Ͻȥ١
ٸ˺ܿˣ˽󣬽˸ˣϪʵĽԼĵص㣬ǵطõԶģԶʱڵĵطԶ˵ķΧЩ
ٸĻ뿪ˣϪ̬δЩ£Ϊ˸еЩңȻ׷ȥҲþ鷳ȥ
һжúʱѾˣϪкϻӴϽؼңתҪߣǰͻȻһסȥ·
Ϫ˿ڻһ
Ϫ̧ͷվԼǰ˾Ȼţϲ΢΢üͷӸ״ȿڵţ𣿡
ſʰ׵ĻӣתͷٴοϪԣ֮Źٸ˻СӣȻϪ
ΣסǣΪȷ˭ţ᲻̫һ㡣Ϫޱ˵
Ϫ̬ȻŵĲ΢΢ͣһ£ڿӦ̫ȫͻһŮһͯŻйٸʻͷ֮Ͼͬ磬ѵܹػ䣿
⻰ûʲôëϪԼҲɲͱˣŻ̬˵һЩС⣬ҴӵЩīƷǡɾ鷳У͹ٸ˵˼䣬ԭίѾˣʹ˱
ſۻӻıīƷҲδٸ˵Ϫʲôô˵䲻ȫţǿԼĺģתڵȻһȥ
ۼĿϪüͷΪ˱˳ܣϪǰ濪ڵţϪұȫĺܣͲ鷳ˣҲϽȥɡ
ӿھܾˣϪûпע⵽Ϫ֪˵ĹϵΣҪǸ˿һȥҪ˵л
ȻҾͲǿˣҲҪ磬㲻ˣ߰ɡſһ̧ۣʾ˿ˡ
ϪţһĮһתŻӱߣע⵽Ųûϣͷ΢΢һɡ
һξ룬Ϫͷˣ˵ûн󣬵ȴԶԶ׺ţպĿܿĵطȴֲᱻһġ
ķϪǲãСֹӱ¿ˣҪʲô
ֻ˵㣬ҿ˳Ϊܾˡ
⻰һ˵꣬ͿϪĿԼŵһ㣬ӣСҺס죬ס졣
ϪŹ˻ӣŤͷһԶţһŤͷӿ˲


14 
һ·Ŷ˵Ϫв죬Ųķɿ죬һԱŶĻһ·ϸģҳԹֻĬĬŵĲʶȤ
ڽ˴壬Ϫͣ½ŲĬȻĵ٣׵ľ룬Ϫţܵζʮ㡣
ͣ½Ų΢΢üƲһߵ·һʧϪǰ
һߣϪٶʱоѹͷĴʯʧĺһʵҪ˲ûʲôڣֻǻ˳״˺ܳһʱ䣬׵£ϪԽӸӡ
ҪһҲˣҲطϣתӣ⻳ɣԼ˵׮ǲǻġ
ĲɣϪչȫϷأܸԷһɳ֮
㣬ۻزؼˣСʵ
Ϫع񣬿ԼǰĻӣ˵ͷſڵʱϪûӵһԼ˼飬ֻصǰ˹ȥ˵дţա
ӽӹϪĵݹ飬ʵʵĵͷ㣬ģһúȻؼˣСӵ£ͲҪˣֵ
ŻһܻԼңϪεҡҡͷԼļҡ
ϪԵĲɣٿɿڵķҲʧζԶ̽ʵ̴⸽
Զ̧ۿϪһֵۣ˵ʲô˵̴;ͣҪϢĻһʹˡ
Ҿʣͻ˵񿴼д󴬿ӿ̴Ϫ˸˹ȥ
⻰Զע⣬ͣ¿ʵ˭˵ģѲ̴ֻǻûųϢ𣿡
Ǻ֮ͯĻֻ˵ԶԶĿ˵Ǵǿ⺣ķ򡣡ϪԼļ˵˳
⺣ô̴⸽⺣ȥǿ˰ɡ˵⻰ĶǺͯѰԶʧȥ˼
ϪƲƲ첻ÿɷҲУ˵ҹﻨۣûмȥ


15 ׽
ϪһϲȻɻԴĺԵɣԼҲûʲô֮£ö˶˵ôǵСˡ
ϵǰϪһɵЦָСĶͷЦѽǲΪҺ֣㺦ˣ
Ǳһ㣬΢΢𣬶Ϫ̬
Ϫֲ֧Ŀǰ˵ı仯ʵûסָƴڰϣָĴϸ˿˿⣬ָмãŵӸΪ˫ָ
Ӳ˲һ˫۾ԲϪϵЦ⣬˻Σ漴ָܿ²ҧϪָ
ϪʹС˻һһȴûа
ϪĶʱŵķŻ˿ϵЩ޴ĿŶԷҲ֪ʱδ
Ϫû۾תתּۻ۵һ£ҧһڣҧһ£ǲһ£
Ҳȴ㵵С㷴ӦϪ͸ϽΪǿֻһûк֮ǰһ㣬ǽڶԷϣĴָĦǡ
ͣп˵ʱܻкܶ⸽һҪ߸ɴԶԶģһҪǷˣ˶
ܸӣҪǱǷˣͻܵ˺һھΡ
˵ϪЦ⣬ֱֱӭⰲ˫ۣ˵Ҫǣһĵģʱڸʹܡ
ſŴߣϪ˵ɿ죬ϪҪ֣ͼ΢΢ͷɨǰҧĵط
Ϫֻоһֱָ֮ĵףʱ֣΢΢ȥ˲ա
ϪķӦ˰һ˰ͷȥ㶵ĿϪΪʲôԼǸ⣬Էȴ֮ǰҧʱӦ
Ѳĺʹ𣿰СԴ˲ðɻŴıԵֱԼϰ̽ͷȥϪָ
Ϫ㣬봬ߺܽһʹضʱһбϪӲŰȥ
ۿ˾ҪײˣͷϪӲŤϱ㴫ĴУŵĵɴ˫ۣڵ
ϵĴжͣ뿪ˮ𣬴ָֻֻƽ⣬Ϫֳ̧ɵĸգ̧ȥ
СˮлҵתȦȦµβͲסĴźˮһͨ죬ӿȥ޷˼
ķΧ֮תϪЩнĵˣŶԼӦĶİûôˡ
뷽ŷһУɺЦҡҡͷӦˣ˵˿ڵľٶڰˣԼһһէ֮⡣
СһʲôҪҲǳԿǸҧ׵ģҶ⣬ʲô
ˮеĶƽɵĴԭ̧ۿϪŵɻ
Ϫվڼװϣ𴬽һκͰ˵ǵ÷Һ˵ĻҲкܶ⸽һҪغãȻ˵ǻˣҲûôദһһҪغãΪ˱㱻֣ʱʱҲˣֻܶͺá
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Ϫһ㶣ĵͻȻһԼҲúһʱ俴ԷҲʵЩζ뵽ɴĽ£һԾ뺣С
ЩŵĿϪֱԷǰðͷҪ㿪Ϫۼֿץס˰ĸ첲˿ǺЩˮһĿԡ
ɵĶԭزжϪЦſ˵ҪһӲˣߵʱҸӵܿ԰ɣ
ϪˮеĶ簲磬קŰĸ첲Ŀ˶ԷĽԷӵУʹ»ᾪС㡣
ɶԷܵԷͷʱ˲糺һƬҵĴתƣ漴Ϫ˵´μ֮ǰһҪúõġ
޴Ļ£հҲСӵסϪȻ΢΢Щ˫ۣļӵΪϪӵڻС
Ϫһ㶣ͷЩĿŰź棬Ϫ˵ϪšȻյüͷɿ
԰ۣϪȻС˵ζұȥҪǻѰˣ˿²ǵóԷˣǴ˿˵Żǰ
Ϫεĺۣ밲ͷ֣Ц߱лСӿˡ
ɿӵŵ֣Ϫȥ˵ҿҪȥˡ
ϪĶ۾գգ˹ȥ
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Ϫ鸴ӣڼװƬ̣ķԴ˵ллˡ
ҲϪʻ;ů⣬һζ˵ľȻ˲٣ԵΪ˸еˡ
һֱԭأֱȫϪӰԭǻ˼£̵Ľ뺣С


16 ̽Ϣ
˵õӣϪŻȥϡ
㣬֪ܲ˳õǮ˵ҪƹҪǲô죿⼸첻ǰдˣӽ˽¶ǵ˵
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ӸϽͣ½Ųŵ˵㣬㲻ҿЦİɣ⵱ƹ̸ģҪԼȥ
ʱҵͷΪ˸㴴ᣬѲ㻹㶥ҵһӣ˳Ʒ󷽺ƹ̸УԺú±ˣҲʡպⲻý͡Ϫ˵˳Աߵ̯λһɴĶҡ
תӻԥԥĲȥյĿ⣬պⲻҪӦԸ¶Ըԣô죿
û̸£Ҳǻ𣿴˵ʱԸƹĲȥˣҷĴ󵨵ȥ鷻ƹٶ飬ҲվǸˣⳡϾûԶĵˣ˺ȥ
ϪĻʰģظ˵㣬˵ĶԣӺɷôηηţȥ͵ҵĺϢɡ
˵úãҼǵãƹ鷻ȥ㣬ĪߡϪĵͷ
ĿͻӵӰһ·鷻ϪҴתȥ֮ǰľ¥


17 Ȱ˵
صҺϪһֱϺüԶʲôʱϻϪôͻȻԶˡ
յϢֲǲ֪ģͷ£Ϻɵ˵
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ʱͻȻϪҲڼеȣվԺſڿ·ͷķԶӰЩ֡
һֱϪʱ̫ԾûϪصģһֱ֪飬һϪԺſվţҲϽ˳˳ڵķϪԡ
Ϫûɶ·ڴûȤ°Ϫһ
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Զ׼ϪЩȣ׼ЦŴȤʲôĪǽģڵǻ
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׼Ϫ࣬ԼҶһۣԷҲǳҡͷ㿴ԶԶüͷ˵ʲô²ܻؼ˵
壬Һͻȥϡ
Ϫ⻰һڣԶɫͱˣ׼ϽҲǲǴȥī
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ϪĻԶ׼˳ĬǸҪȥ㣬ȻҲ֪һЩģԶȿ˿˵¹ٸ˵ֻĪҪ˵
ϪԶԼһ⣬ⶼٸˣƫƫʱÿ嶼˲ȥʾ֪ⱳΡ
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Զ첻˵ֻǳ˵ջվɳ׼Ĵͱˣһ
˵ԶŤͷԼԺţϪһףҪסԶ׼ס˲
Ϫ˵ˣѾòˡ
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һֱһţȻСһŷϪҲóأȰҪϪȰȰ壬ٴѣǲȱ㡣
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Ϫ׼Ļ˵侲ҲеĵֻǷһʱ鼱ţǼ⡣
֪ˣȻȥˣվ鷳տҵϪ׼ͷ⣬ҲԺС
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컢ӵĴ͵ƶʱˣ漴һŲӵڴ𣺡˭ϵģӿɲ㣡
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һϪܿͿˣ̽Դ˵㣬ôˣϵ㲻˯
£Ҳ֪ģŲ£ȥϼҰŽгǵñ˿ںӱߵµǡϪÿӣʾ⻢ӸϽ
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ſϪɫЩӣϪһξʱͣ˽Ųԥһôڡ
ϪЩọ̃ҲǶõĽ飬ֱӿżɽҽº˵ܲͷ֪⼸ղҪҸ׺ҵ׼Ҳϵġ
ԭ͵ı飬ϪĻָֻӲɣ
Էֱӵ̬ȷϪθڣǣԭίĲ²˵Ȼ󾲾ŵĻش
üͷ°͵ͷ˵ʵûʵ֤ݣ
ϪҡҡͷЩһͷ˵ûУǲʧǿԤģ£ʱ򾿾Ǳ޴ӵ֪ˣҲ޷ֲˡ
Ϫ˵꣬Ų˵ɻġ~һ
Է͵ػعһ㣬ЩȻ˵֪ˣһῼһµġ
Ϫٶ˵Щʲô֤ݣ˵ٶҲԵùڲ԰ףֻա
㻹бҪ˵𣿡ż̸䳡ʵ
Ϫڰ֣һͷת뿪
ӿ뿪ķʵ㣬˵𣿡
ϪĬֻǻ¼ĿŶȣȴûἰԼҵ̬ȣҲ˵ֻҪž˵̨


18 
峿ĲµϪԶһţԭҲϴһģ֪ΣյԵʣԶ׼˵ʲôҲͬ⣬ֻڰߡ
ԶĴο˵ĴƿȻ˵ǽչֹۡ
Ĵʽ࣬ԼҵĴЩԶ˾Ͳ÷ֱˣϪעԶϣȥûϼҵĴʱѾֲһˡ
ʱϪȥԷžͺãϪ֪Լڴϣڰ߾Ҳ֣ϵĻȻؼҡ
һ綼û£Ž첻ʲôˣȻ컯յģûξ°ˣԷӦҲûô
첻£ҪȰ˵ǸӼѣӱ֣ҵʵе֤ݣǱʲô˵ˡ
뵽˴ϪҴҳԹ뺰ϻȥһˣһţͿ˻ŻŵͷһʱԤͷӡ
Ϫͣ¶ˣֻҵţӣ쿪ǣˣЩţ
ҲҿţϪѾǰһץ˵ʵʲôˣ
ҲϪһ˿ֿ˿佼ҵţӦϪݣȻҪ˵ҵſˡ
Ϻͻһſʵôˣʲôˣ
󿴿ҿջѡ곤˵׼ԶĴˣ˶ˣϽ֪һ
⻰һ˵ɫһףϵҡһ£ӸϽסϪ޴롣
ϪһƬհף漴ع˵ϴǹȥһڣԼɳƵɤһ¡
ҲվֱӣͷԣϽȥ
ʱҲ˲ʲôԣһ·Сܾȥ·Ϫ˵ô£˵ֳºͱ֧ʹŹҲǺ
ȼ˵˺ߣϪһ۾Ϳһ߰ϣвΧںߣֱߣļ˵ô£ߵʱǻúõ𣿡
ԭЩնڿϪһҵĹǣ˲ʱ˵Щ˲Ȱ壬˽ȥ
Ϫļ٣üȰοϵȶһЩڶԷУ˽ߺʼĩ
ԭϪĻԶǵĴվûԶһֱڿļĵطҲûڴ棬ò̽˵̬ȡ
ֻҲʲô⣬Ҳͻ
ԭÿĲĬΧģڲԶǵĻ֪ڴĺڳ˲࣬Ǿ˼
ûԶǵĻϣ͵͵Ŵ˲ע⣬ȥڴĺ򣬺˷Щˣ⼸յĴԣʱˣԶ˵¡
˿Щ֮ǰһ٣¿ȥڴĵؽ硣
ʱԶ׼ڰµ뷨һ⻰㿪ȥ˾һȥûϢ
ʣµ˾ò˻ǲǺڴ˾ףôԼ˲ܱ۸ȥŷ׷˹ȥ
ǻûڴ壬ͿҴֻͣںϣ֣ǰ鿴һ£ԶǵĴ֮ǰǼ˵ĴҲڡ
ʱѰңǲԶǵӰֲߵ̫ԶŴֻȻˡ
˵ˣȥǾãЩ˻˼ҲΪǵĻǶЩΣô˵Ӳȥˣ¿ô죿
ϪҪи̵ģҿô죿壬......˵⣬ٴ
Ϫͷζӳ£ۿҲ΢΢ȣգۣӲվ˵մңͷչһȥǰͷ
ҲۣͷԴ֪׼ºǿžʼĩҲǱ߲ѣϪ㣬Сŵ㡣
۾ȥϵۣϪ㣬Һһ
ϪͷŻȥȺǱǴĿմһΧһ飬š
ӳɤǰͷȺϪһͷ鿴
Ϫһ̧۷ͷиϤӰţԷ¶ԥ΢΢ŲŲӣϪע⵽վĵطԼҵĴԱߡ
ɫһ첽˹ȥǰһҪֹĶϪֻǵ͵͵˵һ䣺ÿ
üͷÿӣϪߵǰ鿴ϵ֪ܿΪʲôԼÿΪҵĴϣװʹ֮մŴƬѪĿ
......ӴŲĻϪС
Ϫǰһڣ漴ҧԼ⣬ζָ򶨣ַڻӵļͷ˵£⡣
ѪֻܴԶˣԴȷǾѾ⣬ϪʹԼ
漴Ų̵ݣͶԷ˵ĻϼѲҲˣŻʵһ𣿡
Щݣ΢΢ƿߣβſڵ£Ҽûг
һ״˲ϯϪţͷ˱һ˿ЦĮ˵𣿡
˵ƿţߵϸϸĲ鿴Ѫŭţ......
ӣ˵ˣȥϪ˻ӵĻӲߵָţĿбӿŻӡ
ԭض˼ţɳŵĿϣûǿϪ˵ϪҪæ𣿡
Ϫ¶ͣͷҲ̧˵ˡ
˿ǿȴһ˲оԼϪ֮һǽȫĸˡ
Ϫŵ飬ϸϸļһ¼װϵѪѪˣкܶקĺۼӦˣȻ˺Ťһ𣬲ŻѪŪĵǡ
Ҵ߻һЩв䣬Щ֯Ϫ΢һӦԶ׼ڴϮ
ȻŤˣ˭˱޴ӵ֪ˣǿ˿ӦòȻԷûҪߴߣͼ鷳
Ϫȴã˴ߵˣһֱͬһĻһεжδЩ̫ˣ֮ǰļֶû̫ۼһȴ͸β˼
ĻǶԷ϶ܿͻһ֮ǰǰ㲻ɫ
˿ʼ׼ȥϱ٣ϪϽ´øһȥ
ϪܻǱߣȻؼңԼҪȥϱ٣žҪһȥϪֻðȥͿˣڼҴţΣŵӦûţԷܿͻһעŵ㣬ʲôԾȫµһ
˵ϪȰοһϣ˶̫ģҪлӵʱ򣬻ȴͦؿϪ˵㣬ȥɣһῴŵģڼҵ
ϪӵԴЩοҴҸ˴˵Ĳ


19 
һȺͣϣֱҪϱ
˵ſڵʱ򣬾ͱԷ̬ǿӲʵʲôˣ£ôҪģǶ𣿡
ֻͣ£ʼ˵ϵıǲͷϪ״֪ʵ䷴վǰͷ
ԭҪǳ˵ۣͻȻվǰϪ΢΢˫ۣ̬ȻʵλСӣʲô£
Ǽ״Ҳͣ»ͷϪ
ϪһȻ󿪿ڵλҵ󴨴Ĵ񣬽ʱʱǳͬ˲ӰѰ˰
꣬üͷϪ״ڴϻдѪΪлԱ빫ͨһ¿̲ݻ
λСӣҲ㣬ֻ⼸˲ڣֻеȴ˻˲жᡣ̾˿ЩƮ˵
һû취иֿʼϪɫҲúѿ׷ʵǴ˺ʱ
ҾͲ֪ˣ˵ҲҵȿԹʵģֻ֪⼸ǻزۻϪĻſں񰲾һЩ
֮ھûãۺ˽ʱϳţϪµǼһԭί֮Ҳš
վſڵĽֵϣϪŴظ񣬽µĲô
Ӧ֪ҹٸ˺ãǰ֮ǰǴȻҲˣδ̫Ρ
ٸҲ㲻Ϊ˵ʱ۵ֺǽţҲסڿԼǼɵʱҲһֹģƫƫʱţʱ֪һеһд˾òԾ
ϪԺиͷ͵̧ͷʱеԭɣٸһ֪ʲô飬ǴϢرܻ棬ǲ뽫ֵ̫
Ϊβ뽫ִжиԵɣǣ˹ٸ
뵽ϪŤͷߣһҪʸòһ𰸣㲻ȥˡ
ʱеֱһۣ漴˾ͱ˼ûüŪʲô㱻ˣǼŵЩζ
Ϫ֮¾δֺܺ컯յŸ°ˣ˵ĵĪ̫һЩ
Ϫʱһϸܵ亹Ҫ׼֮ͽԼһѣȻѲԷ˴СȥֻŻһˡ
˴Ϫһ·СУԽԽƫƧϪˣȴܿĻԼ·ߣֲΪ˸еĺ
ڣ˴ԼһյĹ˽Ϫ£ɿϪ֣ȴվڱǯϪ˫֡
һͳ
ԣϪһͣ漴ͷԿȻǱıˣûתͷȥǱڵƣ˵Ǯ࣬ҲǸ֮ҽеĶ㣬ҹȥ
ҲƣǿдˣֻΪͷȥžǽձزȥˡ˿Ϫ侲ɿǯס˫֡
ϪҲ˲࣬ת֪µ飿
һڵӣĸȴݣͷ֮ڣӺ·ߵؤ죬Ϫǰˣ΢΢üͷ漴˵ǺˣǱأǾġ
̧ۿϪһۣ͵£˵Ȼóǿ
ϪѧʶǾʿʱԷĿԣǺ𽥺ͱͬڼֳϪӡ
ҲϪشԹ˵Ǻ˲ҪֻʱСӵһ֮ԲŰһΡ
˵ӣԣϵҲڽճ£֪ʲô֪Ϫû뵽˾ȻͻйϵеĹֻպʻӣ֮Զǵ¡
ӵĸҲˣ˵Ƥ˽ңץץͷ˵ץЩ˵ӦǺ
Ϫһ漴üһѾ겻к֮¡
ںϢԶǰ˵˵һкԶСʱˣҲǼ֮꣬Ļкû
ǿϪɻ󣬼ս£һСӱΪ˶ܳ͢׷һ·ǱߣȻںϣ˺Ĺ
ҲΪϱ߶겻к֮£ڷЩ˿ӡ
Ϫһ㶣֮ǰ˵ս£û뵽Ȼģ׷ʵǼǺӦıΪƵƵ°ˣʱιʣ
²𣿺мǮ˭°ߣΪʲôٸΪҪϢûֱӻش𣬶ǽʵ
Ϫ䲻ϲ˵ӣһ˼ʱйؽڣ̲סѿڶ˼ǣЩ˽°ߣΪҪٸùٸǮȥ
Щ˵ıԭȳԵĶǾãȻӱ֮ǰûٲͷ˵ͷͷ˵
Ϫ˺һһߵǽϣŻ˵ǹٸ㲻ΪΪβ˷ˣ
񱱱ս³Խ״ֹۣȥˣӱһ·ǲǱڴ֮ϣѰٸԸЭֲóȻֻ㽩š˳ڽϪʡ
һж˵ͨˣϪһĶʱȥʽչȥǺпһŭ֮˺ʣʱ򶨻˳֡
Զûô򵥣ǰ촫Ϣдʱߵ¶͢׷ǿϪ뷨վ˵°ڣֿ˿Լҵҡҡͷա
ϪһҪ˵һ㣬ʱٸΪ˾»ǼСʧп֮ܽˣԴ˽ƳȵʱٽȫƵϣǵʱ͢׷ҲС
ѹ˻˵Լǻͷǻزȥ֮ǰӦǰִ֮󣬹ٸ㲻ճᱻٸѰͷ鳾䶨ٱų
лȣ֪֪µģϪǰһѯ
ӣ˿˿ԼЦһȻڰ˵ǵ;˵ٸмϵģҲǸݸİﲻʲôรɡ
˵תߣϪûֻʣһʱǽͷǣ漴սȭͷ
ٸûϷ˰æ˭ֿˮֻ֮Լ뷨ӣͻƿڣǾҵȷλá
ϪԺĴ󴬣¥е壬Ŀ⸡ԺгһӰ˱૵ͷǵð㳶𣿡


20 
ϪһصУͬһ佼ҵϺͻ˱ӭ
Ϫôˣͻˣȴٳٲ㣬ǰŻˡץϪĸ첲´˵
Ҳվһ߿Ϫ˵Ϫ㣬˵ٸҲûޣҵǲǾͻزˣһ˲һһа취ǲǣ
ϪץԼ֣ʾԼ£Ȼ໢ӵԴ˵ȻˣҲ˭
ӵʱϣϵҲ̲סһɣȴץϪ˵ϪĪҪǿٸû취£һʲô
ҲعŵĿϪˣϪǿ˵̫һʱ˵壬Ҳһˣǰʶһѣа취ǡ
ѣ˭ɻ
ͱˣҲø㣬Ϊֻ֮æˣҲ֮ǣȥɾͲ˵ˡϪϣ
ϻл˵һԵ̲ס廰ɰ㣬ҪϪ԰ɣⲻҲûϪСǸĺӣͱ˼ҲһǾһء
ϾþòֻԴʵϪӦΪأԵĶûҪﲻû㡣
Ϫۿһȣ˽ϵ˵ģ׵ģҪȥգ㰲ڼҵҡ
˵ϪĻӵļ˵ҳ㡣
»Ȱο϶ˣӸϪԺѵõһʵ㣬Ҫʲô
ϪŻӣջǸֵĺӣտȴ˲٣ипʵǲң͵͵ĺʲô˼棿
һ㶣û뵽ϪôʣЩƿۣϪ״̾˿˵ҲҪ㣬ȥˣ˵һ֮
ӼѾ¶ͷʵ֮ǰƴȥϵʱʱСȥˣұ˵ԵĸȥǼһڳԵġ
֪ʲôˣϪʵ
ԥһ£Ϫ˵˵ǾģǱ...Ǳ...
֧֧˵ȥϪü׷ʵǱôˣ
ЩԴһ˵˵ھɱ˸ɱˣ⣬ڲ֪Գ
һ԰ѻ˵󣬻̧ĿϪķӦԷûдһЩϪ̬ȡ
Ϫȴ뻢ӵĻ˸֪ӵĻӦмֿŵģϾ⻰СҲûʲô壬˹ҲʲôԸĹɱ֮ӵ⡣
ǺЩӱһģ;ʲôӲŵ߷ֿ˲Ŷ֪֮ࡣ
˵ɱˣ㻹׽СǲδĴЩӷ飬Ϫʵ
ӣЦЦ˼Ϫˣ˵ҾǾãҪǻ˵ĻͲ˾˵Լɱ˵£˵ǻĴӢۣҲɹ¡
ϪۿŻӣʵûҪֻӵ˼ҲȫŲھ·ǻǴˣС̫Ҳ֪Ǻǻ
ⶼǺ󻰣²ʱͻƽӣȻ֣ص˵ԣкܶԵɣϾһһϸ˵ֻܸ㣬ҪҴȥΣء
Ϫֲ㶣Է˵ΣգһҪ˵ϪȴǿҡҡͷʾԼѻ˵ֻֽ꣬ϡ
Ҳ鷳ԣҪ֪ԺҪ㱣ˣʱһҪĸ׺ƴҲڵʱ˭ĻҲҪţ¶ۣ׺˽ġ
˵ô࣬չ鲻ͨˣûô꣬Ĵ㣬ʣµľȫǺϢס𣿡
˸ӵͷ㣬ģ㾡ȥһң
˵⻰̧ͷһŤЦݣϪǣԴ
˻صϪͼ˸վϪھҪôˣȥ𣿡
ʱ䲻ˣǺĵ𣬵ǵȲȥҲЩģһעġϪο
ԥϪᶨȰ˵ĻĿڣŮ˽ⲻˣһ˾ʮͷţ
תȥԼﱧһɫİϪУ˵ǰЩ磬ҪĳЩǰո˸㣬һҳ⣬ǷЩĺá
Ϫе磬ڼͷȸպùѡǳɫĲϣᱡоȡСĵãлл
ҡҡͷ֣صٴСġ
ϪͷתȻ뿪˼УٴȥԼľľͻᶯҡ
ĵƹ⽥ԶȥϪ½󴦣̧ͷĿǰµĲԽԽ졣


21 
ǰϪᣬʱеͷһҵĿϪ֪Ǻã鼱֮Ҳ˲յĽźСģһԾ˼װ塣
Ϫڼװ֮ϣֻоһҡΣ漴һӰڸסʵߣԷֱ׾ĨȥϵˮЩİ͵Ļ˵ϪޣҪģ޲ޡ
ƫƫĻϪĶֻԽղס˫ץŰֽסԼĶ䣬֮䡣
鷢һֱŬ侲ʹ֪࣬Ǻĸ׸֮ʣǿţüǿıǽԼ
СǰԷ˵Ķ޹֮ȴղסί֮飬ֻ뾡й
ϪⲻԼģŵַڶԷͷβ޴ĴţҲˮ⣬̧ͷһſ˫
ỺĸڶϪоԼ§УǸ˽ĵףŰƽ
ˮץһ鸡ľĻ§סǰˣڶԷͷڵĺʿ
Ҳ֪˶ãһֱûͣ£ϪĻָƽ۾Щ˼ɿ̰Ļ
һɿûȰӦϪԼһæóеʱϣЩİ͵˵ģ㴩ŻЩʣǳˮϵĺá
ĸһͣЩĴϵ磬˿Ϫϵ·ֿ˿ԼϵģΪʲôҪⶫ
ϪҪæקסһŸκС⴩·⡣
ϪͰĻ涼ҹ֮ǰСԻЩ䱸Դʱ䶼ںУҹˮư峺Կˮµķ⡣
Сһͷ㷢ּΪïܣżгˮʱ̣ʪȻһڸס󲿷ֵӡ
ϪҲ⣬˵Ĺϵ˴֮ľҲ̣ദʱзϪòע
Ҳ㿴ⲻӦ£Ϫ࣬СĶλһֱֻ࣬ѣȻǲܽܵġ
Ī֣ռ˼ұ˵飬˵˶ŮӣǸصǵء
Ϊ½ϣǼΪ˽ܵģ֮Ҳõõɲſ̹ȻֻίһˡϪԴԴǸ˵
˼գգ۾ȻӿϪʵʲô֮ˣ
ν֮ˣžǱ˴ӣ޽٣......΢ͣһ£Ϫ˰һۣٴοڵ±˼Ҳ˵ãǵ֪
Ϫ˵Ź˹ǣ뻹б˴మһžͲúС˵ˣȻǸѽ͡
һĹ򣬰ٴοʵϪͰð
Ϫ΢΢һû뵽ô룬С¶ǵʧʱǸΣæ͵ǵģҲ˼ֻ֮ǰ㲻أδҲϣʧˣӦǸǡ
ϪĻͷŬ˼Ц⣬ЦϪõǸϲϪϪˣϪԿ
Ϫ˲̣֪ķӦʶС˵˼Ϊ߳ܵĻڶֲ嵽Ͱ˭ǹ
ϪͨգüĵǵϪ۽Ϊ÷ŷ⣬˿̱ɫݣϪѲҲ
սϪգ붯ʲôʱ죬Ƕȴûüͣ¡
ϴ˵ĴУϪһƬհףô£ΪʲôͻȻԼҲһЩϰ
ǺܿͿ˻óסİϼһ㣬ܾС¹һԲһ̱Ҫתӡ
Ϫڻع֮ǰѾץס˰ĸ첲ȻſŰͻȻЦҲ׵ô£ȻղŵǸ⣬ȴͷһɿ졣
ϪϵЦݣһϲǣȻüͷĹգɴֶסϪ죬䲻ҪЦ
ϪûŰķЦ⣬üۺЦĿŶԷ
ϪƬ̵ʧȻͻȻḶ́ջְĿڣ͸ɻ
ϪЦ⣬ʵǰҲţɼԻǺҪľٴ룬Ϊ֮ǰ˴ȴȻ߲Ӧ𣿡
ųջŽߣС˵ʹ࣬Ǹ
ϪȻԭڰ˿ھ൱ĳֶΣҪ⣬Ųͬĺ壬뷽ŶԷľٴ룬ΪΪԼ˲Ŵչ
ǰϴԼҵķӦԲ;ԣûסŷ˸ղŵС
ǰС㣬Ϫ룬˵Ҳǲϲҵľٴ룬ֻҿľٶҲˡ
Щ׵ӣϪ룬˵ʵЧãͷһԥǣ˰֡
ǰ֣Ϫŵ򴽣ɿĿһרעſԼİ۽ûضĻԷָ⣬Ȼˣ
㶵ĿԼָ⣬۴΢΢ţǸոշʲôǲ˵£רעĿá
ϪĵŰȴԷͻȻָͣæһץס֣ʲô
ԼָҪٱʼݣٶôô죬ΪԾ󻼣ϪŰֽ뺣лŷ
̧ͷȴһֵָֻ⣬ȻʵϪһΪʲô
Ϫ̾˿εײһͺã´οɲҪ¡
ڿԼ֣ʵϪ˭
ϪϵЦһһʶʱʵ֮ǰľٴţڲŻԼĿģʱ
ϪԥŸôڵʱ򣬰ȴԹֹҴϵ𣿰ϲǣ
һ⻰Ϫ͵̧ͷŰ˵˵ʲôʲô󴬣˭
ôһ˵Ϫ֮ǰĻҲ˵ǣΪҪ·ʱõҲǸѲɰںѾЩˣ
ϪһȻ˵Ҵ󴬣Ǳߣкöˣܴ󡣡
˿ָķ⺣ķ򣬼Ϫܿ϶ȺĴû뵽ȣԷͶ׳
㲻ҲǷ˰ɣϪӦҪǰˣ¿ɾ͸ˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ܴԶԶľϰϪ˵
Ϫͷһĺһָϰգ´βôΣյ£Ժ˵ϰΪд뷨Ӧ㸺𡣡


22 
ϪҪȥܸˣڴĹâ
ϪȻȻǲܳʱںϣ˵Щͣʱ䳤ЩҲδɣݲԣ
ǸкҪ£㣬ܸҴ󴬵λ𣿡ϪŰ֣Ǹ˵
ʧ㬵ĿϪһۣſ⺣ķ˵Ϫȥ
Ϫһɣ漴˽ϵüУȥǱ˷ô죬±鷳ĺܣǰٺһҲðա
ͷ룬ʵϪȥ˻𣿡
Ϫһ㶣ӦҺҪ֪ϵϢܽǳ
ȥЩѽ⣬ϪôԼ˵̫ˣ룬һյȺ٣ȥ֪ٸʱٸǸļʱӦǸ˵£ͷ
ϪԴЦϪˣ͸ˡ
ϪۿһɬҧҧȻ㵥УİӿС
ҵܿĵط֮غãԼٿŰ졣Ϫ۰ĳǸ
°û˵ʲô´ϪҲʰ飬𴬽ڰȥ⺣
ϪĿǵĿĴ󺣣ͻȻߴһϪ
ӦС㣬ȴڴ߶ſ˫ۣЩԣڲӦҪȥԷеĴ󴬴ʲô˼
꣬ϪӦС˼ԼºɶԷԼȥ֮ǰݵıӵͻشϵľȷʵͻٶȱǲĲһǰ㡣
ôΣյ£ķʽȥϪΪŤС㲻̫ʰɣ
ԭתȦɻʵϪҪСģҪܶࡣ
ϪŰָŴһֱ׿ԼģҲĻȥ̽飬ȻԽԽãôһҴȷʵֻ˵Ļҹֵļʱ΢Сˡ
뵽⣬ϪĬĬķ˵ֿʲôظˣȨ׺ʹ˺Ű˵ҾͲˡ
Ϫ˫§СĲ漴ϱ㻷һֻ֣Լδȫ׼õ£Ѿɿ˳ȥ
Ϫ̲סСһ£ʶսϵߴ˰ЦǱոϪķӦˡ
ȻССıһ£Լ̬ʵֻ˵˰ڲϪδͷԽļͷ˺󷽡
ܶǺˮһָλı־Ϫͷӹһ˿֣̿˷ܣԼҲԴˣⷬ¾Ȼе˷ܣʲôıԼ̬
Ŀ΢ƣ˰Ĳͷɵľһпǲ鲻Խ
ƺǸоϪߣһЦݣϪ͵ץľȸУɴװʲôûŤȥԷ
ˮен谭ʹǶһϪҲûܵκεӰ죬ҹﺣЩ󣬺ĹڶУŸĶϪĽ
ѱˮʪʹҹ³ʱĴ磬ҲǲܣҧӲûзһ˿ԹͲ
Ҳ֪˶ãΰнʱ䣬Ǻܶƺ˲ʧȥ˶ʱŵĸӦ
ϪоٶȽȻһͣЩľҲղסﻬȥڰֱۻε§ϪҲ뺣С
˿Ϫо𽥵Ļ£Դİ͵˵ˣ
ɿϪ֣Էָ򣬵ָֻصԭһ˵Ǳߡ
Ϫ˻Σ˳ŶԷ߿ȥЩǸΣְĶⷺŷ⣬ҲΪ类ˡ
˴֣ס˫һߺŻĴҲеעϪ˰ɬ顣
ϪŤƣϸĴԶĴ󴬣ǴͣһεСм䣬ڵĺͼ¼ޣֻںĵطעϸһЩ⺣һƬհףԺͼ鷻ЩνҶȴʽ͡
⴬ڵĵطϪδҲδŹһ⺣˵Сʤĵƺ״ر
⺣ϸʻΣֻʻ뺣мĸأźϵɽʯγȻϣȥ˴󲿷ֿ̽Ŀԡ
Ϫע⵽ˣʹڵҹ⴬ҲǺۣȻǴֻ޶ȵԴٱֵķա
˫£ҲѹֹٸҲǵ٣ҪаڣԶԶĿ⺣ҲԹȥˡ
ҪҵĿѾҵˣϪתоķ̱Ű֣˵֮±һȥҺúõĶסζԱ¶Ĵڣ𣿡
˿Ϫ֣Ȼεͷ⣬Ϫȥ
ϪĿһӵӵãңһԼ뿪Ҫʹϵһȥ㲻Ѱҡ
ŰɵĵͷϪЦЦĵЩɬȻȥ˷֣ǱȻк³ʱϣ˵ҲСˣ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ֻĬĬ³˳ӣȻʧںϣϪ״Ҳʰ飬תǱߵĴֻȥ
ϪˮŮǰμģǱͬҲǲ·ģһεľ룬֮ҹƣͣڴﵽǳ̲ʱҲһΪԼ²βˡ
Ѱ˿ƽ̹ĵط̱ڵϴڵĴֻоԼȫһ㾢ʹÿһκͺҪľԼеĿ
ðŻվĨǰȥ
һ·˱ֻԴҫķΧڣϪѰ˿ʯͷסΣСĵ̽ͷȥǴֻоĶᵽɤˡ
ֻͣʮ׿ĵطôľ£ϪڵԿ⴬®ɽĿ
⴬ĴСʵټϪôû⴬ģҽĺǾ£ź̴ͨһЩһϪû취֮һĶλ
ûжٹԴֻǵļϪ״ɷһЩڰǲ±֣źıԵػصֿһЩ
ȵ󴬽ߵʱϪͣ˽Ųëһæ˿طԼ˽ȥܵļԼ¶Ĳ֡
󴬵ļװһ⣬ϪڵķƶȻ
Ϫϸֱ棬΢ĽŲЩңֹһˡ


23 ͻ
Ųͣ£Ϫʶס˺ʯź󱳺ܲȴûȥƽЩֻǲϸǱߵĶ
˵ôˣϵǼүôôסһͳЩͷ
С˵СЩ˸ȥˣʱЩҪ鷳һ˵֮ǰˣ˵ȥɳƵ
¸򣡾ʱ򣬲ľˣʶľʵʵô£ȻԽ˵Խߣɤŭ
Ϫ˵ĶԻȻûзԼǷֿʼڵĺȻ̽ͷԴȥ
Сĵִ̧ۣβĻ˲٣ӰվǱߣԶԷǶȿϪصĵطֻҪԼ¶Ǳղ
״ϪĵӱһߴΧĻһ߼˵˵
˵ıԹһε̾˿˵Ǵ˿ԭӦսϽҵҲ֪ľ浽׶Բԡ
壬Ҿ㣬Щ˼Ҫȥû㣬ʱԼѡģһɣȥսߡ˳мһ
ɳƵӳĬֿ꣬ڵ룬ҲǸ̾һ£û˼
˵ĶԻϪȷһȺӱɼ֮ǰǸ˵ĻӦġ
ʱͻȻһɧͻȻȺҵź
ģˣϽץ
ǱߣǱߣ
ȥβˣ
壬ס
Ϫ⶯һæԴǻҵŭҵĽŲźʲôˮ˲СĶ
Сȥˣ
ȥȥȥ
ǼˮϪоĶɤˣܿһͷһϸܵ亹ű߻ι
ϰˣԶ
Сӣôˣ˸˳
ϴ󣬲ǣҵʱ򼱣뷽һ£С˿գҲҰ
˵쳣Ϫһ˴ĺ˾վ󣬸ȻʯֻҪԷԶ߼ܿںϪ
ϪҧŴŬԼµ侲ȫ񶼷Ķϣ˻ѣ⽫˵ӰϪֱߡ
ԷĴߴ߶ʱƣԶСϪǵȵĲͷˣʼصⲽ
ÿһϪľ͸ŽһĿŵϵĵӰ亹˳޽ǻ䣬˲Ӷ˶ʼܿķ߶
ϪϲҰһƬ֮ǰʧٱߵ˶ǳԶӣִϴ⵽ĶԴġ
ۼԷЬѾϪҰУӿһҪɴȥƴһƴ˵һ·Ȼǧһ֮ʱԶһˮ˴󺰵磬ץˣ
Ьʱ˻ȥȻһŲԶϪ̫Ѩ۶۵ţһԴһֻо·ʪģ˿̸ǷֲǺˮǺˮЩ
ϪǱһ궯Ϫ棬ԥ׳ŵٴ̽ͷȥ
м˾ŻվţмһȭЩ˽ǸΧм䣬ʹȴҲûš
ϪǸ˵ڵϣʹֻסԴĳЩ˵ĶԽԽľЩ̣ķŭѣʵȴ
ϪŤٿʱ򣬵ϵȴһ£Ϫߡ
ϪͷһֻΪԼĴǽ˵ںҹȻˣĿϪڵķϵĶˣһͷϣ͵عȦ
Ϫԭأ˼ǧ赲ĿʼԼĴڻᱻ¶ǷЩ˲ע⣬Զ
ͬһʱ̣ǱߵľҲ˱仯ԭӣɤ﷢һ͵͵Ȼ͵վһˡ
⧲˵зӵĶ䣡˵ǻɵŸʲôӰ
ع˸æΧȥæһ㣬ɱôǲɿڡ
һҵİȻһŶ˼˳Աһһڵϡ
һʱ֮䱻˵ŵϾ˭ҲΪһһֻ
ȴҲû̫ãĳŵ浹ȥڲҽе˲ŵ˼Ϫӻһذ׾ͳ˹ȥ
˸ѹûذ׾û˵УӲһ㣬˽ذװγһ˺ü£һֽƵһߡ
Ϫ죬ֻоһķ䣬˵ڵϣ΢΢Ӳţûþû˶
˶Ĭһһȿڵ϶ȥһ˿ڣҲվˣȥ˿㣬ڳʲô
һȺ˿ʼȥֻ˻վʬԣãһ˵ϴô죿ⶼֳˡ
һĨ˰ſڵٸƨûţҪٹ컹Ϣôøɱֻۣˡ
ϴ˵ٸֱӲЩ˵˰ɣ
ѻ죡Ҫ˵ǾͽЩ˵Դſڣҿܲܣ
˼䣬ȻߵϵˣȷѾ͸ˣһ˽еĻϣȻҲ˴ϡ
ϪڵϣеһˣֻоһĴУ֮ǰһȻȺڹٸ㲻Ϊ£ϾҪԴϵˡ
ֹס³Ǽʱһսĺζ룬ܿ췴Ӧʲôζ
ֳŵأθ֮зӿŻ˼ʲôҲ²
Ҳ֪˶ζôԣϪվ
ϵĻϨ˼ȶ˴ϢϪǱߵʬ壬ļѵ˹ȥ
ƿ˵ģ뷽ŵĻ棬ԭǲģЩ˲ûҪɱ˼ԼӦҲףһʼֻҧӲͦŹ
ֱԼĴڣ˲ͻȻ𣬹⼤ŭЩˣΪʲôأ
ط밶ôԶºΪʲô뿿λȥȻʵ
Ϫվߣ֮ǰʪģǻֻһֱϨˡ
ٵǺζϪºͷķθϸϸǰĶȻӣǿźºͲʣ˷˸
Ϫϸµɳж¶һǡ


24 
Ϫͷһ, ǲϵһ¶ɳ֮⣬˼⺣, ƽԶ̴·ҲǺ֮ͣϪܿͶ϶ǰµġ
΢΢ҡһ£漴ǿ鲼ϰ˳ǰɳʲô
һŵĲչϪӦǴ˵˺ģԵ˺µͷ, кɫļ֣дǳļҵ󲿷Ǿ¥
һϪȥǼҾ¥˼ʲô˼, ɿİⲼս, ԶĴֻ, Ʈ
ôĴ, ÿأȻ۶Ȼ׾ºۼѾ˹ٸʾ, ٸֲ֪ǵ, ҪǽͷȻҲͨ;
һڰϰõ֣ʱעŹٸĶٸ, ŽϢش, ǲϵĵַӦþǰԱŴ
Ҳ֪ôЩϢ, ǴϵΪܻѣԲû̫裬вС͸¶ġ
˽Ӧ뽫ϢݳȥҲ֪ԭļƻʲôδݣȻڿԼĴں˱ԭļƻ
ȡ˶ԷеעҲöԷʧ˶Ĺעû⵽С
Ǿʬ˵Ǹͣһ˵˾ллȻʬװԭλãֱŤԸٿ΢Ĳ
ϪԼգʹԼŴ˼⴬֮ңĸ׾͹Ǳߣ˽ϴûн֮Ǹƾһ֮ܽ˴´Ҳ޷˴ذϡ
Ҵ˿˴еĿģֻҪ֮ȥ߹ٸϵ˿סʳ⴬Ϣ
Ϫǵвͷ룬뺣Уðͷ俿壬ϸͷĶ
һЩ϶ĽŲԼԼЩ˵˵Ƿңƺкܶ˵Ƿŭ
ϪƤһֱЩǱ⴬ϵ˷ģǶȻյõĴ붼ǹڲյĴ֮С
뵽ԼĸҲУϪۿһɬʱһϸ΢ûͻȻĶ䣬ȻΪԼĴϸȴŹɡ
ûͣû˴Ϊָ֮
ϪȴǾһСʱ߹ĴЩ˽˻Щù⣬ҲأϢҲһضķӡ
׷˼䣬ǳԵ˵ЩʱźŻĥʱĻСѹʲô׼˼һһװš
ⰵŴ˻ڡоϣòˡ
ϪͷһģҲȷŵûǲ׼ΪǱһԵ̬ԥҲָʼû塣
ҹ˴Ȼû䲻󣬵Ҳ֪ǲϪУڶȴǷ
Ҷãһظ󣬱㲻ٶϢŶԷĻӦ
Լ˼ʱ䣬ͷûϪͷͣ٣Ҳһιظ飬ɶӦ˼Է˼ǡ¡
Ϫʱͷһɣ׼İʵݲ࣬־һ򵥵ãõ˼ѯڵ״Է¡
׼ԶӦöȫûϪӦûϸ
վ飬ȴһ鲻ͬһε˼ԣǡߣ
Ϫһӿһ˿ʼ䣬ͷȴ˵
˵ûʲôֵ
ʲô
öһûˡ
ϪŴҴһСķĶᱩ¶ԼĴڡ
ˣϵģط˭Ӳʹö˵Ȼһ˵ķֲΪȻ
Уոˣ˭֪Щ˻ʲô۶ȥ濴ҽмֵѲһܱߣǹؼʱڣСЩ׼ûġһȻСĵĶࡣ
õõãҷ㣬ȥ˰ɡ
Ͻģô໰
˵ͣ£ıһĽŲϪͷϻͷãʱһ뺣С
һֱͷǻϪд¾ˮ˵ע⡣
ȻܾǱһξ룬ſʼȥ
ʱķ˴ںãʱҲû׼ûоп㡣
Ǵ˿̵ԸоĻ⣬ʱðͷֵķɺܴؿڵǿ鲼ϵݣܾôס˰װ
ӲżΣ뾡ܵĶγЩ룬ȴԽĳأĵװϵˣôĲģѰ
ҪֲסʱͻȻקס˾֮һ˳ȥգۼ㸡˺棬ڱǵԺʵĿ
Ϫ˼ͷʹĿ˼ðŻ˫ֳſ룬ŶԷлллˣС㡣
ЦЦ漴ЩǵʵϪû£
Ϫڰ֣ʾԼ£Ȼתʵô⣿ԶЩΪҺ㱻ô죿
˵⻰ϪŵĻͷǴѾԶɼٶȵǿĺܣһգ۵ľȻγôԶ
ѾõĶԷֶᷢˣϪŷǰСЩίԼ
вõζܳϪΣգϪá
СĻϪ죬ӿǸԷΪԼŲϧðű¶ΣչȥҲȷʵﵽԼԼĿȥȴм𱸵˼
Ϫϴɰţճ˫Сգֺõ˵ҲãֻҲϣãԭҺòãҪҡ
ϪŰԴ¶һЦݣЩȻԼΪҲڲ֪С㿿мֲ˼
ϪĻ۾գգȻ˵Ϫϲ˵Ʈһ£ֶĿϪŶԷش
Ϫû룬Ȼ˵ȻϪϲϲˡ
Ĵź˼£ҿ˿ϪԴɻĿУС˵ϲϲϪġ
Ϫ򴽣ͻȻöе㷢̣Щ˽࣬һʱ֪ôӻһĻ֪ĴӰ˵ܾƺԼͬĺ塣
ǻԷк˼ʽϪ־ôֻԼˣЩԼ飬˼ɤӣ˵Ȼȥɡ


25 תһ
εζ, Ϫص棬ѾӦϢ, Ҫץһеʱ䣬ȺƼʹɱ֮ǰϢ֪ٸչԮж
Ҳû˵ԵģϪҪȥʱһ㱧Է
ͻȻϪһ̫࣬磬ֱ䲻ڷ, ЩȻĵơ
Ϫ糺ƺȤ˫۾ֱֱĶſ
Ϫò˼ǰˣӲѵ⻢ǰ䣬ֻ, ס, û, ʲôÿ, ۾һ졣
סߣϪֲûдֻǸ־, ŶԷĻ, ɵǰԴ۾Ϫϡ
Ϫÿ, Ϫ˵, Ͳ
˳޻, Ϫоģ˳֣СԼƴӵķӦһů
Է̹Լ̫ⷴԵСϪԴ󷽵ڰĻӣգЦҪϲұ㿴ˣ˵ûȥˣŶ
ۼϪЦ⣬ȴ͸ǳǳƣǳͻȻЩ䣬ҲŽ˵ֻǽ˽ϵʱķȥ
Ϫ˰ı仯Щ𣬵еԭҲףɷĴˣԼǿװˣҲƭǰС㡣
ԽǵˣԽ׿ıʡ
ȥ·ĵģǰŸοĵħҲϪ̫ƣ룬Ȼڲ֪˯ȥ
䣬ںϷͬһ㲻סзݣǹɺζҲ·ٶȸ֣ҪξԽݵԽ
ڣһУϪȻ˯оѣؿھҵţ̫ѨͻͻͣϪðعԼһ亹
Ϫһ͵͵ĺϪע⡣
ԼѾصԼĴϣ˿ſڴߣСĿԼ˫۾Ķ޴͵ǡ
ȻԼ˯εķӦŵԷˣϪЩҵ˼֮ԺӼװѣжʱӿ
뵽ߵİϪһֱͦӲûԼ£ȻǿһЦݣǲŵˣ£û¡
ϵĵȥЩȻûб˵Ϫ̧ۿɫѾѾһ˿øϽȥϡ
ų£վ˳ߵҲ٣кһҲ°ȥģǻ᲻ѰǸϽغеĺá
ҪˣҰ鴦ˣұóԵĻ㣬ʱЩʱҲٻȥҲ֪Щûм㣬㻹ǵСССģһеһ𣿡
ϪԺͰ˵ЩᣬڴԥòԸȥĿϪϷǿϪĲʣһʧںϣ˻Ĵڴϡ
뿪ϪҲӿ˵꣬ҡһ£æôסӣλԴָǣ񻮴̡
ò˴Ϫֻо˵״̬ǰδеĲ鸡ߣʱۼ̨ǰ̧ŵʱ֪Щżʯϣ˱㲻ܿƵǰȥ
ϪʶȥţۿһҪˤòᣬʱһֻεץסĸ첲ק
Ϫվӣ˵Ņ̀ȴţ򴽣ﲻԸʱ򿴼ԷӲ˵лϽѶԷȥ
üͷϪۿɼɫʵ㲻費ҪҰæ
ˣҵ²ġϪû˼˦Է֣ͷҲصˡ
ɫӣ˿Լŵģֿ˿Ϫ뿪ıӰսȭͷ
Ϫصеʱ׼緹Ȱοҹһıˣ˵˶ûθڣչʲôɢע
ԺĿſڲ֪ʲôֱϪӰŻعϲصӭȥϪӣɫһ䣬İ͵˵㣬㻹𣿡
϶ˣæӳڱ߳һϪ˲ϱģǰģطЪ£ȥҴ򣡡
Ϫץסϵ֣˳һЦݣ˵û£ǵ·ˣȥﻻ·ȥҹٸˣٵȵȡ
ת˶һɣ˵ӣôȥʲô˵ȥڼЪţ
Ϫ֪ǵԼ¸˶Է飬Էƻʧ˷磬»Լȥ죬ŷġ
»ãҺòײѰĳ·ܾ˷ˣ˵ǾĻزˣģȥţֱȥҴ򿴣µġϪȰ˵Է
һϪȥУһ˵ȥ·ˣ÷Ϫ뽪ůůӡ
ǱӦתȥ˳æµվԺ˼֪ʲôԺſŤͷվſڡ
ţӶʱ˿Ժߣ˰ӴǰƵ˵ʲôﲻӭ㡣
űһûнӻӵĻ磬ڵϪȥϣڵȻ಻㣬ƼҲġ
һǰһ˵ڸʲô⿴Ц𣿳ûǰȰϽߣ
żûԼ˼ҲĨǣֱӵҿȥ
ҲȻӿڣֽ˵֪ǶڲǼƽЩʱͬƼӶȻĲ٣ʱȥǳ״ǵط죬ҲмʶˣʱҲ˰æҴ˾Ҳͼʲô
ֻû棬˿˵ҲѰȫһһ顣
һѻ˵˳ӱסˣȻﲻԸŵİϾܾĻȴû֮ǰ˵ô˳ˡ
ʱͷϷϪ˳ϪѾһ·Ժüͷ
ſϪȻ˵飬һ̣۽޲֪ΪЩֱϪ
ӿϪһҧ˵ƴһͽȥϣʱһŽȥ򣬲µġ
ʱҲŽӳϪǰ˵Ϫѽˣ˵ĶԣһȥȻС˶ӳ£˭ϡ
ϪӹлӵĻͰ˸߰˰ˣ˿Ҳֻѹв죬һ˳Żͷ˵ȥɣ˿ңҷſġ
ɫַϪϣԥɲڡ
ϪףҪȥ˵ϻ˵ҪһȥµԼ֪Ϸ֮ʣſڣһȥȥͻء
˵Ѿſڣֻ̾˿ҪСİ
ŶԺ϶˵ͷ⣬Ҳתϣ˰ĺϴ˸кҲæĸȥ
Ϫ첽߳һξ룬ܲס²ӣż״ʱǰϪͷҲصĺ˾䣺ӣһѡ
һ⻰סϪ쵽һֶʱε˻ȥ
ϪŻվֱӣŤͷ˵ڴл㡣
һϪ⻰ͷʱ΢΢һϲҪ˵Ϫ˵޹أ֮㲻ͷˣǾʹ˱


26 ת
ŵɫһ, ѾϪԳξܾİˣһδòܵĻ, ͺеıϲ˲СĻˡ
Щ֮飬ʱҲŭȼ˴룬ſѾ߳һξϪˣҧ˼
ǸˣǴҲҲǾߵģҿӣʱ仨ϣϽϵ¡
ŵĻסϪĲ, Ӹĵ޲õߣӺŸһܡ
Ϫţ֪˵ﲻԾ֮䶼ǻ棬ЩܻͶԷʱȴƵƵΧ, ʾá
еԭ, Ҳ, ŵ, ûǸĴϪֱŵ˫ۣ֪Է˿̵ĻǿЦġ
Ȩ, ϪĻ, ˵жЩ衣
ȻҲͲˡ
Ǹ, Ϫ˼, ͬʱϲԷô˿ڡ
Ϫ˵տڲ, ʾ⻢ӼǰߣһŤһͷȥӻͷһֿۣ˿Ϫֹ㣬ҪǼһæ𣿡
ϪͿһɤЩʵʱеԵʹУۻӣڵϼû޿ںǣǿ˵ƾֻ֣ӦԷӦ
˵˾޴δЩģǲûжĽ飬ʱ֮ϵӲҪ˵ĻӦǣҵ²Ǩŭ
죬ҲĻͷĬ죬ֻһ䣺ǲ⡣
ϪԴûж˵ʲôʵ뷨ͻӲࡣ
ߵڵʱ¿ǣϪ߽ʱ򣬿һֶۣԷ½󱻺ˮʪϢҲЩңȻǼҴҸ
Ϫû˵ʲôֻһ۱ջĿ⣬ֱ¿ӽԱߣ˫ֱأ̬Ȱ˾Ǹţָϳ
תֲ̧˲ͷĺˮһԵǰͷ¿ȥϡ
Ϫǿںͷ¿ٶ˵Ȳп죬ǵ֮ȴܣӲʵоӾҡ
ûо¿ٶȽһŻ˵˵ҲңٲܾǰУǱĲС
ӵҪǱѾͺһ¿ٶȶʱӿ˲٣ֻ㬵˵˾䣺仹ͦġ
¿һ·ſڣµ·ͣűϣϪ˰Ŀڣѹ¶֮У¿߼ſڡ
δ߽ſڵӭסϪȥ·ȵʲôģصأ˵ȥ
ϪΣֻͣ½Ų˵λҪҪˣ¿̲ݻǹʱʧٵ¼
˵⻰ϪҪôǿдλõĲǱߵȴʱµܼ˵˶ٴδ˽ղڣ壬ĪҪ£ϼ쳤Բ֪𣡡
Է̬ͱˣҪǹϪŮӣӴжϵ˼ϪȻȰ˵䣬۾صĽеĹһавĵͺһ
һԵĻӺſȥǰǻ˻δڣѾľǰһͣ˶ǰȵĶһ
㲻ɣȵĻǺɫҲѿ˻Ƣοǲδ㱻˶ԴҲͷǰƴˣҲó
Ϫվԭû˵۵Ļʱıصĳȥ·һ̶ˮУû
ҪǹٸΪ˱鷳رһеĻ棬ֻŮӵݲεⲼν͡
Ϣ͸ٸ˶֮ǰŬǶ׷ѣǴϵֻܵȶá
ϪҡҡͷԼʱйʱ̧Ȱ転ǣһȴһ˽
λүңԵİɡۿݣϻɢһɶ
˵ĳִ֮ĶԻ˭Ҳ俿̫Ǹ˼Ը
ϪʱͻӶ˵Ҫһʱ֮뿪
źͻӵͷȥǣ¿ϪͷǻڲҪԵؤ˵ҪģгԵģҸ㡣
ѾؤľеĹؤһϪĻʱת˷һ̵ܵϪ
ǣ¿ţؤϪʱǰҪϣϪһ̧˵ġ
һԥӺקϪ·ʵ㣬㺰ؤʲôڿɲµʱҸЩǮ߰ɡ
Ϫ˼ֹסѣۻ˵㻹û𣿡
ɻüͷͷؤصĴȻ͵һ˵㰡
Ϫ˿ֻоǰһжӰӵ˵ҲʱԶʱʹԼЩ̫ѨûкתԽأǰһڣʧȥ֪


27 ת
ҽݵĺûʲô, ΨһĹԴֻкҵյ˾ڲԶ, ƹֻյһ֣͸żа
ŲźۼǰŲ˼վϪǰϪ⿴һۣлǴƿĿ⡣
ҹұûȥ׼½ճҪǻǿġϪ˿ڵô
ҲǶ, ǡôľͳɰæˣлңҵĻл١˴Ӱ˹˱¶ڵƹ¡
Ϫлϸ˱һƺԽ˼, Ȼվɢ, ȴʶֱͦ, ǹеϰߡ
ͽ̡û뵽Էôֱ, ϪͷҲǰ˿
뿪кüϹٸſ£˵˻ȥûʲô, ȴùٸ˽, ǲľԱδűܵ, й, ǵͻᱻѺ˵ͷס, ˿˵ʱӡ
˵ĻϪ۵̬ΪĲΪԼҲȥµģҪǱ˺һţ˵ԼҲǴ֮ˡ
µ̫ܣǰ״Ტۣж⡣˿Ϫüͷ˵˵
ϪмתбеĹؽڣڵڱȶЩ˵ЩʧʿļٸʩѹȹٸԴ±̬
ǵڴЩ˴ϵĶԻо͸¶ǹؼʱ̣˵ľһ㣬£ٸװƣǻ˵ҪѪˡ
˵ĶԻϵıһٱ䣬һڼڴиǾͬûпȼģϪȴޱңԶ
Ϊ˳£ȻεǴЩǳԵԭ򣬵Ϫȴô̵ʱ͸˴󲿷ֵϸò϶Է˼ά۽Զ֮ϡ
ŵͷһӶ˿Ͳʵ˶עϣҲע⵽С
ž˵㣬żϹٸʲôұʹ£ʵں̶һʱ䣬㵽ǻʲôôˡ
˵ĿϪ´ţսԼ֪¸֪ԷֻԼӵ㲦ǰŮӱܿе˼շ֮ʱ׶ԷҲǾ޲ߣȴֻһĹ˸ģ
Ҳ鵽Щϵŵ㡣ϪԼԥͽԼĵԷ
ڵԲûʲôôǰ˾֪ˣҲȥͨ籨ŻɱڣΪ֮ǰΪԲϣҲ߼
Ŷ~˺һдһ˿ɡ
ͬ˵ɣȫȫϪĻӣקϲ㣬ȻǺ˵ʲô֪˼ǣ֪ѵץߵǲǣ
Ϫͷ˿ӣһӦ
̫ˣȥǻش壬ͷһ˶Ҳǡ˷ܵԭתһȦ㵸˵
ϪһķһҵĿԣֱëҲ˲ϸˣæסǵ㣬û°ɣȻҽϢôٸ㿴
Ϫڰ֣˳˿˵ӣûô򵥣ֻ֪һ˵λãҲ֪Щ˳ʲôģԭùٸ泹飬ָˡ
ұ̫֪Ļݾߣץˣ֪ԽԽãֻܿǼԼˡ
һ⻰һʱǳܲйǽӣҲһˣʣµģѲҪָǼһ𣿡˵գӺĿһŵķ
һԼܰæڴĿϪ漴ϪһۣԷĿֱֱĿǸݵؤŵͷԼеĿ룬һĻԼ˿һЦһ㡣
ģǻһѡ𣿡ϪŶˣֻҪԷϰæ黹תء
˭ѵɻף漴𾪵ָ˵
ǺǣҲһû¶ٵؤСǶ߿ˣǰҸ֪ģҲǵ;˵Īˣ˸ЦϪĻԵЩΪȻ
ȻҲʲôֻϣ³Ը㷹Ա⼸֮飬֪ΣԷûдӦϪҲ˳˵
һ٣ûнӻϪһɵ񵭣ڵȴ߬š
˼˼벻һؤԷϵڱҪǲȥǲɵ𣿡
⻰ϪΣֻо嶼˼֣ɤ˵Ǳռ
Ϫ˵껰Ҳͣתҽݣӷ˵ͷһ£˱㶼š
վԭûж˿һۣһŹֵĵȻתѰ˿ĵط͵£ӽҽݵĺž֮
һ°ֹǽڷһ̧ˤ־ٵĴ£ûлҽݣĬȻĳһȥ
ߺڵϵۿһ뿪ķµü˸Ƿۡ
صҽݺ󣬻ҴϪҽݱǲ޵ģϪǲҽݴĸ䣬տ˲࣬ҽҲϢˣԱͬϪǽסһ
Ϫߣµô£Ϫǰµ߻ӣȻǸĺӣҲδؾʲô
Ϫһǰ֮ȫ֪˻ӣֻȥ˹СԼһУֻ˵Լ˵õϢ
Ļ֮󣬾þûлع񣬼ſڶû˵ֻ߷ߵ˾䣺ٸˣ治Ƕˡ
Ϫ֪黢ӵһʱ䣬Ҳûв죬ԷķӦ⣬Ȼٲ˵ģҲû˺º
㣬㶼˵п֮ǰЩһģΪʲô˵Ҫæ˵ҪԷӦСŶ𣿡̧ͷɻʵ
Ϫʾ⻢ӸݱˮɤӺ˵ǲǺͺһģҲԲ׼Ƿ˵ЩһҲϳЩˣ˵Ҫġ
ңϢȥͨ籨ţҲԸһ·ҵЩˣıߣⶼΨһѡˡ
˵⻰ϪʾԼˣ˵ˣлҲϢۡ
Ӧһ͵ҲһߵϣϪһСֹ
Ϫ۾ȴֺѣܲɼֻԼ֪С㣬˫ֻ۱ԼЩҹԷůĻ
֪ģС㰲ʱݳĸɣ̽ĸСߺû߼Ǳ߻ӱǻ㣬㳪ʲôͦġ
Ϫͣº߳˵͵ѧģ˳ԶҺ
ģ´Ҳ£Ҳ
Ϫбۿۻڵķ򣬶ȻС


28 
ȵ, λ͹٣......¥ĵСеĨ˦ͷ, ϪЩΪѵĳԿһۡ
֮һɢĴŹǷƵסݣϵвѿԭӣϵЬҲֺܿ˻粻
ĨһװʲôûϪ˼˵Сλһ, ֪Ѵڶ¥ѰƧɣǲµġ
СΪѵĿϪԲ׼Է٣⿪, ǳԷĵ, ˲Թԡ
Ϫʹ˸ɫ, ӿڴһСǮС, С˵ǮսڴУЦǼȻ͹ٸ
СϪ, Ӳƿ˶ĵط˶¥, ʱ磬Ծ¥˲, ¥ǿһ, ڽ½˺衣
ⶼϾ¥, Ѳֻܺȿڲ裬л֮⵱̾˵˫ֱأαϣ˵Щɺ
ˣԷûӰ浱Ǯ𣿡û˵
Ϫڰ֣ʾ⻢£񻺻ɨһ¥˵ʱ磬ҵĸ³Բ£˵¶ˣȻҪġ
ɣʱСŲˮ˹ʱ˲࣬Ϫʵۣ̲סǻʱ磬͹ʱˣҿżλе졣
ϪЦЦӦȻģǰЩʱ㣬ͼ㣬ûȴ鷳
Ϫ˿СףЩĵŤ¥£֪Щʲôһ˿ζ
С˳ϪĻܿǴ¼ȻԭС㰡˵졣
ȥã¿ɻãǷ£ϪüͷΪ֮еǸ
˵ϸֹ֮һӣٸ˺ü˽˸ߡ˵⣬СĴһۣѹ
˵֮үҲǾģɴཫֱӸشˣŮ˿ҲСˣǻҲ֪ŲŵĹȥ˵䲻ģǵ徻һӡ
СϢȳͨСҲǸµģ˵ߺ͵ģûӸɫһһէģϪҡҡͷ
ǿɻбģϸ֮˿ѯʹϪ˳Żͷװʵ
С°һ˵˶࣬ºвֶǿֵģûʲôرġ
ϪҲףСʲʲôмֵϢΪǺױʶƣٸҲ㱻
ֹ⻰ͷСȴͻȻڵҪ˵ĻǰиҲ£ź˵ĿҲʵЩŤҲ֪ǲˡ
⻰Ϫע⣬׷ʵ˵ʲô
Ҳû˵ʲôͿҲСˣȴûûˣҸ˺һ˳ֵǴ󷽣ӦǸǮСԼϵĨһ߻һ߻
Ǯˣʻ࣬ϪαϣСжϣȻ֪Ϊζ棬ӦòǺˣҲǹٸˣΪʻСӡҲ̫ˡ
СлȻϪЩƲˣ㲻ٶԣСҲʶȤӦ¥
Сһߣ϶ʱϪŲ豭񣬶˿αһ˯ӡ
󿴿ҿЩȤץץͷһ仰ôûǸƨ棬ͲӰӡ
Ϫع֪˵ţȥ˲ģԷǸ뻢ӲһԼͣҶԷЩ
ȥˣ𣿡˵˰ۣ¥ŬŬ졣
ӳ̽ȥϸ˰죬ôˣ
Ϫбۿȥһ¥Ľ䣬ſ˯һ㣬ϲʳƺСԹŽڵϵľƺʰ
ģϪЩȻ֪ԷֵһĪϼҲʲôӣ
Ⱦƽ⣬ֻӱܶѣųΪϪмٹ˼ңǵĪҪѧ㣬Ȼÿġ
λϣҲŲأ
漴ֺ㣬ⶫúҵҲʱ͵ȣǸɶζ
ϪشǱⶫֻȹ˲֪ζһٸƷһǧζ
ô棿Ӿȵķʵ
ϪŤ۶ˣ˵һ˿п漴ֱɢģԵļĿڽӹƱ޺ûؼں֮ˣԣҲȾƣ֣Ḭ̄
ƶǶĵ˵ͷϪ״Ҳٶ˵ʲôкȻСӣǴ˿̶ԷڴˣǲǻԼƵζ
ԼȻмܲס׾óѣ뵽ϪԾüۣ´δһƹȥҲδɡ
ҵǺ棬ô֪Щصġ̫ģ˿Ϫ׳˻ͷ
Ϫֱ̧ۣԵûôı£ȫ
˿Ϫһֵͷû׷ȥʱСҲŷˡ
Ĳ˶ºϪ˸ƣͶһӵĲ˿ۣԴԼ׬Ǯ󣬷¶Ǯҹʱһһ֧ӣһӲˣҵóٱ鰡~
Ϫûθڣ˼˼ڱ˿ӣӲʸڣ˿ڲڱ㾲ĵò͡
ҲǺţĶĻӣŷʧĳʳæŶ˿ӣ˽
ϵĲʳܿ˵ףϪһֱû˵ںܻĴˣƽĶۣǷڷӰƽʱôˣȤú˽һǴ˿̵ǰ²ǡ
ȵ˾㷹¥ҲĿʼŵʱ䣬Ⱥʼ˾ۼϪ¥²豭ڵڵչʾʱˡ
˴ãϪ֪һ㣬ǰ㣬֪ĵص㲻ֹһθҶԣһڴ˴
ϪԶƵҲǿƲһѣȴû˿¶ֻǷʵʵײ𣿡
һϪģɵ̬ЩĿ⿪ʼ·ĵȺѰ
Ϫ״˿˿ϸִԼˣѰͷæ֮ѡҾ¥ҲϹ¡
¥еصٸһҪͷ۲ٸһһ¼ǶȻ۲켸գ©
߻ԽԵ˵ļɿٸʩѹܲĽԼΪ˻ɡ
Ϫţ߳Ȼһߣˡ


29 յ
һ¥ĴѾ, ԷĶףʱʱɤ˵ϼ, ǿʲôס
ϪԷ˵ˣһͨʮµͣƽ˵ϺÿѿֶȺбҲ˵͡
°Ϳ˰죬ɻ˵ôʲôرģ
ϪûǻĿⶨĿһûȷ, Ӧûſںߡ
ôѲǰʶô϶ӻڷʣŤͷѯʵ
˵ǲŻػӵĻϪһ˵δı, , Ҳǵˡ
Ϊʲô˵
ϪûӦ, ˼˵˿ûʲôر֮, ȴʮֽţ˺кǰ˻ӦɼһֱǾ衣
˴Ϊ˳Է, ȴż, Ĵ˵
Ҫһ㣬ϵ, òŵĳ, ʽǾеġ
˵Ļ, ſڶ¥˴ĵϸϸλع˵㣬˵һϵĶòţô֪ǳǾõģ
ǾɣǴʱ۾Ҳ֪ʲô㡣Ϫӹͷ˵ʵ˵ˣֻгһЩ
ʱʱľͻὫʶķϣܿͻ᳷ȻҪȷһ£²ǲ֪ʽԵķ롣
ǣǰ˵˻棬˼ǲڰʾԼЩһġ
ѾˣŲ㡣˿¥£ͷҲص˵
ȻŵġϪЦЦָĦڱϣԺзš
ŤϪһ̲סһ㣬ʵȻˣһΣ
ϪݣȻֱӿżɽҪˡ
㣬ƾʲô
ԷеĳϪףһĵŮӣֻһĺӣҲûʲộʲô˼ּۻۡ
ΪʲôҲûУҲûʲôµģνŲ´Ьġ˵Ϫվӡ
Ҳ㣬ҺһȥҴӦҪտġ
㰲ţϸˣطҶ֣Ҵߣɼǵõһʱȥ٣ǲܣƤ˷£ǹٸٲãҲ֪ҪϪӵԴ
Ӳ缸䣬ϪͷͷвԷϪ񣬻ջʵĵͷӦʡ
Ϫջ֣ת¥µ¥תǴʱŰֻ³һȻһֱͦ徶ֱǸ˵ǰ
°ɣ
˵ԭſڵķ䲻ôһϰŵİϣŤһλŮӣòʱֳֽɻҺʶСӡ
ϪҲͬ⣬ֱƲĶ£ԹԵĸԼ˱裬䵭˵˵±˲֪ϷŵǼѪļһ£
󣬸պö壬˶ʱٶȽָϣҲžϪһĻüѹ˵˭Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ϪһҲβӿ赭дָڶԷȻĿУϵİЦôϣҲӣôãεĲ𣿡
죬һ˿ǵζ˻˵黰
ҲǲԾ˻Σ漴ܿ췴Ӧ˹СǱߵˣ㣿һŮˣ
ɵĻϪЩ죬ѹºͷ˿ڲ裬һŮôıҲǸģҲνࡣ
⻰ü׼Ϫ٣ͣղٸŮڹﻰǶָƣԷҪ˵ʲô
Ҫ˵ʲô
ϪṴ֪ԼĵһѾˣͰһӣָˣЦ㣬Ҫˡ
ƣ˶ʱֱϷˣ˵ĸоһϣ޴Χ˵ע⡣
Сߣѯʵλ͹ôˣСӣڶ¥𣿡
˵ϪСڰ˵£¥Ͽˣкĵþˣˡ
Сû̬ϪҲӣҲû˵ʲôת뿪кĿȥˣϪһ¥ţΪԼϱ΢ı仯
㼤ʲô¥ľŶߵĶʦҵռһζڵ̯ܿɸĹط䲻󣬵Ҳȫ˵ǲǣϪС˵
˵ɫɺת࣬ٵ˿̵һƬҰףϪһ仰֮䣬İǣʵε֪Щطģ
Ϫ˵ĵطǿƲϱעĵص㣬˿̼ģ֪Ӧġ
Ȼ׿˵ģûЩʻֶΣǿǽƵҲ㲻ҪҲҪ뿪ǵط㴫
ϵĺһһŵð˿ĭŽŵ˵˵ѣ㣬ΪβֱץңǽôһŮ
ǰͷǼȻûôõǸ֪Ҳ֪ˣ֮ԽΪĻᡣϪѭѭյ
͵һ̧ͷϪ˵ʲôĻ᣿
죬Ҳ֪ҪˣĹүֵǨ֮ʣ뽫ִͷ֪ôȥ͹ٸȫɵˣҪ¶ĻΪ;·ѪеĽ˶£͵ҪԸ
ϪѾҧʼʹոˡ
ҪӦ˵ͺ
ֿܿʼϪĿŶȣΪֽץϵĲϪҲߣ˿̿˼ЩܵİĿڣֹƵʪ治˴ĵط
˵⻰Ŀ˵пֻһ
Ƭ̣ûлӦϪ̧ͷѲ񣬻δͫȴһĿԽ˵ļͷб󷽽ӡ
ӱԭŵˣҡҡλεĿ⿴ߣǵ
ϪｫŴͷʺһ飬ͷһĿʱҪŹһѼӱҪˣб£Ҳ벻ڶӾˡ
¼ҩ˸Ͻ
ܣĪǾҵһ˹ģûң¥һ̣ڣΪǻεĺס˲ɣ
⻰һ˾ӭһȭһ㣬һϷŵİ㱻ڵϣҵȥ񣬶ٶֱʱѾվ


30 Ю
˴˿̵עϪ, ûע⵽š
ϪĽǶǡúԣӶԷɢ, ֪˿̶ԷȻʶ壬һƵ˻ʲôľٶȫûԤġ
֣Ϫһ˲ᵽɤۣԾΪűӡ
˵΢΢һ𣬿ϪĿУ¶һ˿Ů˾Ȼ˲Ϣ֮һˣܵϢ, аԾɶԷ
ŵִΪ˶ԾİѿЩʧһûдˣˣϪĻⲻ˸©һġ
ܿһθжϪȥ, пʼɿת, ֮˵, ûصء
ŵĶϪбøĻ, ߾۽ڶԷϣжڼ£ӿǿҵ޴֮顣
ʱ, һֻͻȻԱ, ڰסŵ֣ŲԼļͷ
ӶŸϹ鿴״С˵˼, ҼҴ, û뵽, Ϳߡ
ǻˣôλүµʡˣҰȥСǰŵһߣ˾˶¥
ע⵽Ķ˻һԼĵĶҡתȥϪȴûᡣ
ʱ䲻ˡ
ڶ˽ֱӻعͷһҰܵ˵Ҹô
⻰һϪƺԼġաһصԭλãһֱѹŵĿ̲סȳ
˿ǰˣΪԲס䣬Ϊ²ǻ̲סѯһ£ͼŮһÿĻȣЦ߰ɡ
ϪٸȥѾ⣬ⷬȥֱݣѾ͵ֱߣԷǲ飬ǾҪϾҲǡ
ٸſڲԶϪɫŵˣ˵ǲܴŴŽȥģڴ˵ţƬ֮Ӧ
˴ĵ˵ͷͼϪ֣Ե˵
Ϫָָòŵĵ˵ҵôͶϵĳ⣬Ȼ㣿
˳ǽûһ˿̡
Ϫ͵㶼Ѿ˴˴Ǵ˿ת뿪·һε֮ǰͻᱻ䴩Ŀڡ
˵⻰ϪԼһеһЩˣĻҲſھһԷĻɸΡ
û뵽˴Ƭֱ̣ӽݸϪȻѾʧȥ˵ֿ˼
Ϫӹתﲻһ˿ɻ󣬲ɵ룬ǲԽǿţԽŷ
ͷԺһ㲻ᣬϪĿбӵһ·ȥſڣûһͣ¶ĳɻ˶ġ
֮ǰһ㣬Ϫδߵſڵ۾ǰ׼ˣһϪҲٶ໰յĲ¶ĳٵǰĿŶۡ
ҽȥ˵
һ˾ˣ˸ҹȻſڽа塣
һԥһ£ʵôҪҪ˽ȥ
ô죬Ҫſҵ𣿻ȥͷ˶࣬Ҳ¡
ǽ˷Žһ......
һʲôһ㲻ѵûˣҵģȴȥСҲǵһؼˣ⼸˺üˣȰ
Ϫۿǰ˵֣ڶԷǲڲòͷȼǣ˻˼ƺЩѰ
һ˴ϪãŵʱϪпλã˻վԭأͷԶ
˴Ϫţ֮ҲȥϪһ۴ãͷˣﰵżѲЩǰδѣ治
Ϫһ·ú󷽵ƫһĵط磬ûʲôˣһ±˶Է⣬ܼ½򷢻¡
ʲô£˵ɡŹȿϪ
ȻϪŵȴǺܵģϪŮӣᵶѾǼޣˣ˴ֻǲڽսִ
Ϫ򴽣Է̬ܵȶŭ֣һǿѹŭ𣬽ٵԷǰչ¶ڶԷǰʵɿʲô
ֵĿϪһۣвмǿϪǸݽεŮӣӴսһϪеĵȻ˵ǰѺõģ
ԷĻشϪһ˲ʶ⵶еĻ
Ҫ˵Ϫɤ˵
ǣ㼸ֺ㲻֪ôҿ㵱ǲʶô㻰˵ôһŮȥˡϪĻʱоԼܵӣ̬ҲɵĶ
Ϫȴǰһ̧۵ô˵˵ڣ
۶ʱ֪ԼʧԣǻѳڣƹˤΣմҪ£ģ£ͼ졣
ȽѺΣմ˵ÿգѶ˵꣬۱ҪץϪ
ϪĿȻʱץסȵν֮գ촦뵽˴ҧ˾ϡ
һתסеĵ˵֣ۻҵջ֣û뵽ϪôδеĹϪĵѾĲϡ
۲ǲ죬ûҪֻ˵Ŵӵģڻ֮Ϫ֡
㣬ҪʲôҸ㣬ã㲻Ҫڲϣ˲˼η壬ԲϪԺǳ
ŻµǲĴʹУжʱһţ㵽Ҫʲôҷ˻ɣѵÿ
ϪƿЩ˵Ҫ
ҴȥҴȥںͷãѵ£ʹȥСĵּۻ۵
۵ļ£Ϫ³֣·
۵Ӷ£СĵĴϪǰߣûñеˣ۶ʱ󺰵ң˷ˣ
˶ʱΧ£˹ϪŵоǺˮһҲҷɣ֣ȵңҾɱ
ǱϪ̬𵽣һ˶ߵ˵ȥ˹
˵ͷת뿪˵ӰϪ֪еĿѾһ롣
Ƭ֮һŭ𣺡һﷹͰ֪ʲôǶǸʲôԵģ
һ΢ֵ˹δٷǿоֹȻɣԺŭôһŮ˾ͰǸסˣҪҲɡ
ڼϪ캰ˣֻһ棬Ҫһֱ֮⣬Ųѳ²ߡ
Ϫɤ˵Ȼˣٽ£˷ˣڴˣкλ˵ˡ
Ϫ״յǰһơ
˵һֺȵ£
Χ˶ʱϪΧһùϪеĵϪʹüס˫ֱֱ֣Ŀˣ˵֮뺣йأ
ܵίֻҪ˵ĻͺãϪû뵽ǣĻɫ䣬ȻŭҶϣѹȥΣ
ˣ˵һʵȺλãǵصҶ֪......ϪĻδ˵꣬󱳾һʹľϣĻ
ϪǰһڣңѾһǲ
ʱһͻȻԷ
ţҵǺȤλСӿеĻ


31 
Ϫ˵, ޳ͷԺ, ƫƫȴЩݵźһ˫۾ž⣬˿˾Ͳоܿȥ
²Ѱղ޲ͬҲ޹ٳʿмӣֻɢվڣ߻һʮͷ꣬Ӧ˵ӡ
ϪͶԷ˸棬ΪȶƬ̵ʧ, Է¶һ˿ζܿת˵ڴˣʲô˼С˵ҪĲŲ, Ҫ˿, пҲ֪£
ڴһ, ʱӲ˲ϵĺ, ƴĻӶţ˼˸ϽϪſ
ϣ˵ʲô, ⲻѰ˼˵, ˽ȴȥţЩʱźϸϸѯ顣
ⱻΪϵЦӯӯĿڴ˲, ֱڴ˫С۾гһ, Цһ˵ôڴ, ȻˣұƤҲһǷֱڴ˲ɣ
ڴﻹ˵֣˿Ϫڵλã˿ĭε˵ϣȥðɡ
˸ƣʾڴ˴ͷ˿벽бۿϪķԼ°ϵĺ磬˼ʲôǿĵ顣
λˣҷһǰһſںţԵɸӣĪҪʣȽ˿£мǲҪ˵κεĻϪſڵˣﵣĶԷȲȥ뿪
µģ֧ʹ𱾹ˣⲻԵɵץˣԺηڣڴ˱ͱһӵĻϪбҪ󣬶ʱҵйһ㣬ȵ
~ڴԼǡվһӦ͵
ڴһԼĻõֱͬͦٷӼ䣬ϼ˵λСӶпԵģ۸Уҵҵ彫ţӺŽ㲻㲻Ϲˡ
㿴ΰڴˡ
ڴûϣﰵϽƻ䵽ԷԼȻָóԴƫЦ˵ܾĻ
Ǳ鷳ˡ
ϰڰ֣Ц޷޷֮ͣڴ˿ˡ
Ťһ°ͣԷױһ뿪ˣֲ
Ҳվˣ߰ɣ˵˵עһٴȥ
ãڴϷϪվ·ϾϪǰţݲ˵л
˵ɣѾҪ٣ϧЮۣν£
ڴǰԳֹ˵Ҳȷ١
СŮӷѾۣһнΪʱĺ֮¡Ϫ˵
ĪҪſڿӣ֮ûƾʵݣٿҪģ
ڴ˽ֱߵľľݺһģǳȴסڵλÿȥ
ڴˣҲûеĲ豭ˤˣһ׵ĿⲻϵʲһСĽеĲ豭ŵϡ
ϣԲסй£û뵽ˣһ豭ˤ˱ˤˣ˵ţѰ豭ˡ
ڴ˵ЦûӦǿϪ˵С˵⻰ض̣˵ڴ˶ġ
ȿȣԣ˵Ķԣʲô;˵ɣɵˣʲô˵ʲô˵Ҫƾ졣ڴ˿һȥϵΣζĿϪ˵
СŮ¹ؼҸҶϲԣǶ෽֤̽ŵõϢ
ϪԼ̽Ϣһȫ˵˳ֻڹ֪Щ˵λʱѳԺϱ˸֪Ѿץȥˡ
˵˾ںϵˣ޶֤Ļٲΰ룬ºҲ˲ѯȻҲ޷Լôȥġ
ô˵Ϊ˱㲻֣׷ĺ
ϪĻϵɫʼһ˿ĵģ
ʱϢҺҲδü֪ѳ㱻ץ˻ȥ˿׶༪١
˵Ⱥӱε֪ϢƾжϣϽ׷ʵ
ϵڴӵĺסգӲǲ岻ϰ仰
˻ǵЮ۵Ǳҽһλ˵ǾеģЩʱճս²ֹۣСŮӲⷬ²⡣
ߣҾȸУ˸֪Ϣ׷鵽һˣ˱Ǻڰϵ֮ͬһ֤ʵϢĿɿԣǵҲУڲƭˣʱ֪ˡ
ڴ˴˿ɫ࣬ôҲ벻ϪôһŮӣȻ͸Щ֪Щ˿㲻ձȻϾˡ
Ϊβ֪Ϣĵһʱ֪ٸһŮвأ֮ǣòͻϢҲͰװ׶͡ڴʵûס˵ļ϶æ
Ϫһ˿ײЦͷֱڴ˵ҹ˵ģֻǱ˵˳ȥ㱻ԵɴΣðǰȥ̽
ڴ˴˿ֻоһáĻӲ˻ȥǵͨ죬⼸նڣǸ쵰ôҪ¸ˣ֪ˣҪ̻ˡ
漴Ϫ˪˫ŭȴӲϨˣкȻŮӵʲôͷĿ⾹ˡ
ڴˣȻˣǱϽɡϿڴ˵ĻϵĴߴ֮ȴԡ
ȥڴͷϵĽ˽
ˣֻϣԼĻϣһºʱȡ
ڴʾֱ͵ϵǰͺãҲƴǣֱӽϸϸ鿴һ󣬳ȷʵǾеʽ¹ȻСԣߣȥˡ
һ˱ȥķ䣬ǰſڣ˱һ񣬿˵˻ЩƤë򣬿ʽǾӪʹġ
һͷڴ˵߱Ǽ˽ȥɣԵš
ڴԥһ£Щ½ȥջǵ˵ͷ˺ţ˽
ν뷿Уߵˣһô˽ʱĴһ
ϪֻǰһŻſڵ꣬˿Ѿ󣬺ɵס˶ԷѺ˹
һȻ˵õ˺ϪƵ˵ǣ껰ֱӿڴˣ⻹ʲôȥټ֣ǰȥˡ
ڴŻعźǣ˶ȥˣȥȥ˶ټ㣡
չ˳ϪͷĴʯ£֮ǰԵĲʺƣ룬˳ӿ˲ûʶ㱼˾
Ϫ죡ȥ򣡡


32 
Ϫٶʱ, ĿİĴ˼ͷһ, Ť˷䣬ԼһİķڣӾſڲԶǰ˯㡣
޹˼ɵģϪĺɿʵǸоǱ𿾹һ㣬뺰Ӹˮδʹж, žһĿԡ
ھҵĿߵĻӣһûպƽ⣬æ֮һƨˤڵأҲ˲ϺۣԼƨֽŲõϪߡ
, , оô費Ҫȥ򣿡
Ϫ, ָϵĲ, ؿۣŻȻŶŶŶˮ, ˮǰɣ͸㵹
ܻߵһˮ, ҪߣתɴѲһ, ŻصϪߡ
ӹӵݹˮ, Ϫһеˮ˸ɾ, Ÿо˲٣֮ɴཫӣùˮֱﵹ
㣬ŵ㣬СǺԼӵĵĿϪģ
ϪоɤӲƷǰܣŽˮ£Żʵ˯˶ã
죬찡ǲ֪ߺվҲҲǣͷһɣƫǼһСߣҪҸˡ
ûôǮֻñ£ȵСŰ˽ˣСģǵķǮҲһˡ
Ż߶߶˵ص㣬ϪֻôĻ
ôˣ˯ôã鷢չһˣٸ𣿡
һͷ֮ʳϪŻӵȴԷĻش𣬶Դ˵ʵΣҲǺ
ߺ󣬿쵽ϵʱҿٸŴȥͷż㣬ͼǰȥʻ˸
Ȼһ֪󣬾Ͱ쵽ңٸѾ֪ĴţץȺտ㣬ǻ
ⶼˣδϢ𣿡Ϫü׷ʵ
ǰҲĥأ㣬˵ⶼ˻ûϢ᲻ʲôˣӿһ͵
Ϫһˣ뵱յΣȻвڣӦдġ
ʲôط֪£Ϫſʼ۵¡
Ҳ֪լŲǺԶ⼸ճմҹˣҾû˳룬ܶ෿䶼ǿյģ˳סӡͱӷŻϡ
Ǻ˵˴йץҩ˾͸ø㰾ҩ£Ͱȥ
ϪʻӿнˣǻûڣѾŶʱֻʣһˡ
Ϫ̧ͷǣоɻشϣиʽⲻסð
δ飬Ҳ֪Ǳˣûȥ֪һǲ֪ؤȥ˺δ
ٸ˳գֽδϢأһпɻչ˳һ·ȥ᲻......
᲻᲻С㣿
뵽˴ϪʱͷѰҲɲȥұ𣬽Ÿһرͷε˿վӡ
ߵϷոµϪһ۱ùϣŲ鸡Ŷ
Ųŷ֣ȷʵͻ˵һ㣬壬ܶδˣԺҲӲݴò˴ӡ
Ϫüȥһӣһ𣺡С㣬˲δ´߶¿Խ´졣
Ϫת˵ոߵˣҲ֪ʲôʱֵģһûС
Ȼ뿪лϪԼ֪ǰ˵һʱЩƺǿϪΣ˵ͷ֣ߵĻ
ֻл⼸ˡϪл
С㲻ؿϵĿˣҶҪտ¾ܷԸޱ˵
֣Ϫ̲סѯǳ˷գϢأ
С㲻عǣûϢʵ˽·ߣ·̾ҪѴʱ䣬ʱ䣬۳ɰձн
ֵĻϪԤ֮УʲϢȻֻϵĵ˷֮Σֻ֣϶һǰ
ĿǣֻҪ¾ǣҽϵĺʰɾչ˺òصС㣬ҵְ𡣡
˼䣬ϪԼ˵ʲô־βӣԼһἰҪ뿪ԷܾЩ
̸һʱ˽֣ʱӶҩӰԺӵĹսǴ˶ʱĴк㣬ִ磬ôվ⣬ǽ㡣
˵ˣҪԴĲǸȾ˷纮ۣ֮ʹ񻯣ղˣʱֱҡͷһΪҪ˵㲻ˣ˼Ҳࡣ
Ǵ˵ҪЩʱ򣬾ǻ٢ҲѾȡ
ӽҩϪУطϢϪҩֹ˵ӣȥ......
ʲô룬˵Ϫ㣬㶼ӻܣʡʵڼҴŰɡָָϪеʾȺȡ
Ϫȴģ˵Ҿȥġ
ϪҺ˵ΪͷҪǲҵģҾͻȥƴЩ췢ʲô֪ڵ״
ϪǵһαӶ˵ϻǲ»ӣǶԷоɱʱû˻ͷһںȸҩ룬ŤֱشϣۺҲȥˣҩҲˣڻʲôûУҪϢˡ
Ӽ״Ӹµ˵͵ȥܹأҲƹִ˵ָɽ
˵Цˣ±㲻СϢҪһ˵ת뿪Ҳһѯŵˡ
ڷֻʣϪһˣڴϣŴڽȰԼҪŰķֱǰ
뵽ϪůůģͶԷദĵεΣƺĲʸҲ˲٣ڲ֪г˯ȥͰһڴ֮С


33 
, ѧվм䣬󿴿ҿ, Щͷԡ
֪ģϪϵһλǾСʱס佼ҵλСʱҲڹһЩ֪ʶȴû취ǰ˺λ
ǰԣɣͷԵĵǺСʱࡣЦǺǵӵԴ¡
Ϫ´Ҳ£ӦʱС˴ٻ˲Сı仯, ϲҲ֮ 
˵ұ仯СҿŮʮ˱䣬ӵǳ˲٣˵һʶңȴδ˲, ˵ųкһ
ûһ, ֱŲͺн, ʳһһں, Ȼվһߣкͻһ¡
ɣʲô±߳Ա˵ʾһ, Լȳ
Ϫһ, Ͽ˵˴ν˷Ѿ˳˵ռ, ɱһֲ, Ⱥм翹֮, ԻǳһЩ
ϪеĿһ٣ӸǾ......
ûĻҲϪ֪ģ¿ӹ򶨵ĿϣȶԷһȷĴ𸴡
˿ŷ֣ԷǷ糾ϸ΢ҲĳδüʰҲǸ´ãҴҸ˻뽫Ϣĸ֪Լ
ڲˣº״Ʋ˵Щ˶ûаõĵط˽ѷŻظԼУĸҲС
һϢӶʱ˷ܵϪǰ㣬ؼ˻ؼˣû£̫ˡ
ϪҲۿ΢΢ȣæµô죬ۣһȾڻǳ䶨ˣ̧Щģĵ˵лл
ǣǡʱϪѹסڸʵڴˣ˿鶨ȻѾûصء
߲壬ϪͻӶûע⵽һ
лʲôܽץȫǰµĻ㿿ŻϢȻֻ³ڲƭԷ˹յҲ֪̫󵨣Ǻ̫
ǾԽԽ˼ŷ벻Цҡҡͷ
ҲͶ·ˣʱٸȫȻδһᣬֻܿԼˣҲϡϪۣЦŻصˣҲɵ
Ӵ⻹ǫˣǰӣָýʲôЦŴȤ˳ø첲ײײ֣ϣõԷĸֻͣǵͷԷûҪ廰˼
ϪЩҲסµĹӦöڰͷϲǣ˴˼Ц⣬ЩʵǴ˷˷֮Уһ·ϿʲôѰ֮
Ļ˼Ƭ̣ȻȷʵһǺϷһ߽ʬ˽ӳȥ󱻺ɱžλ㴫Ϣˡ
ѽʬ״أ˺ᣬοļˣǿϧˣ˲ʮ͡
ϪĬȻȻʵĲˣϵĻĴӦò˷֣ͷԶ
Ҳ漴뵽һĳҲƽǻԺʻ
˴󹦣Ҫʹͣ˵ǿԣһ취㡣ϿϪ˵
һ⻰ϪҲƬ̿Ż˵ǰԣ˵˵Ҫʲô
֪Լ׹Һ󣬳ԷԵǽһ㣬ʱϪԷ̧ŶԷ۾͵һʮ˵ҪǮ


34 
ϪĻ, 䣬Ĵ, ̸ģϪզ࣬ԴƲԺſڡ
⼸죬ԵЩ׼ͻһһСڣһ̶ֳȵϵĳֺ佼Ҳ¡
£׼ˣȻҵûôָҲҪһʱӦͻı仯, ǻӣ⼸Ϫ档
СӵǴųݲ֪ʲôģ꣬Ϫ˼˴ͷա
Ǹ, , ̫ɹϲ, Ϫһжġ
⻰Ҳ֪Ǹп˵Լ, Ϫͷ·ڴͯЦܹĿŮӶϱŵСƻ΢΢ͣ, 漴һĨǳЦݡ
, ţҳһ, Ϫһ, ˱Ҵҵ˳ȥ
ԳӦʱ, ԺѿϪӰҡҡͷ̾ͣ죬ֱˡ


35 
ԶԵķΧ, յҲ粻, Ϫ΢΢ƵĴֻ֮ϣǹĴ󺣣ĿޱߵգֻʣߵСĸо
Ĳɵ־뵡ƺҲܲϪŤԵС㡣
ԷҲ֪ʲôȥ鲻Ҳ˵ֻĿתĿϪ
Ϫ״ݸʵڿʲô
һ, ʱСıץһ㣬ȴûƿۣս˼֣Ϊ£Ϫ, ΢΢Щ
Ϫ̧ۿϷС, ͷĳ, ҹǰ, ŹĵطǳǳɫŮĵգ̾
Ϫ̲ס, ᴥڰ֮, ָ޽û뷢˿֮С
ΪϪĶоЩ, ̲ס˲ͷ, ˳ĴϪָ䴩, βڰдžȻ¡
һ˲䣬ϪֻоԼǰյĸȾ纮ʱһ㣬ԺһƬоȴҲر𣬴˿Ķ泩ԡ
ָŷβϪ˱ۣЦǵİȻĴڡ
ĿϪץͷָǻ֧ԴϪ࣬˵Ǵ󺣵еһж㣬ǰãϪ˵ĻǺ
Ϫ㶣ҲѧŰ֧ԴЦһʱ䲻ҷ˵Խˡ
ϪЩĺߺȻչЦǶΪϪŶ~
ʱĻ£Ϫͷ棬ӰеԼȥмִɵ۲ȥбӣͷᴥڰļϡ
~~~㻹ҪҶϲС̾ĻϣϪֻоҲеڶܸԼָдˡ
Ŀζһ£ӯһˮ⣬ſ˵ʲô˼һϸߣץͷϣ봹µͶһƬϸܵӰ
ʱϪȴ𣬿ŰʵҪҪ£
£ɻķʵ
ԣడдһЩʵ鹹֣мдߵк˼룬˼Ŷ~Ϫѭѭյ
ҪϪ˵ĶҪ⻰Ҳ£ҲӵϪġ
ϪЦЦԼĻӼǣѡʵĿʼ
ı⣬˵ðⷦ⣬ʵⵥСͨķʽ˽⵽ĸӣ֪ʱ͵͵ȥΪʵ̫Σˡ
ϪˮƽܺãɤȴֱѰŮԵͣн˵ʱһϸĸо
ܿ㱻ϪǸɫĹУøרעͬʱҲ쳣棬ϲϪ˵ҲϲԷ˵ضϸ΢С飬ԵǣϪʱǳǳЦ⡣
ʱϪĵлʶо紵ЩʱϪ̧۷֣̫һңûںС
˵ôʱĻоиɿʵڴתһȦϪ￩һ⺣ϣҪˮԴˡ
Ϫ˿ȥķͷҪҪذϲһٻһԵİĸоϪЩǵʵϪҪȥ
ϪعһԼĴ㣬ͣѾðСϹ˵ʧ䣬ֻоԼǻˣǸĿڵȥӦȥģֻ벻һֱ⴬ϣ֪⸽ûʲô
Ϫ˵ȥϲϰݣͷ֪֪󺣵һа֪Ҵȥ
˵꣬ҲϪӦ˴˳ƻקϪһ
Ϫں׼֮£ק˺УԺðͷѾҪƹԼæץסԷֹ֣һ£ҵôŴһȥȻɾѰˣ´ҾͲˡ
ֿϪЩʧЩգϪָıǼ⣬Цǲ֣㲻Ը~Ȼϴһһȥòã
ԴϪ飬漴ͷӦãֻҪϪһ飬á
лصϣڴߣںˮ֮УϪο˿ʪ͸ֻȥ˺֮𿾸ˣվУͷŰ˵ˣ
һͷָһ˵
ϪŰָķ򻮶ͬʱ߱㴫˿ĸĿ˿İֻоϵʪҲôˡ
ˮĴղͬϪͷȥֻߴӵȺʹԼѾҲƽȵǰʻȥ
Ϫû̾˿ԺСżҲִֵһ棬Ϫ£ԡ
аٿȺȻҲõķ⣬ʱ̣΢棬֪Ϫۣҹδ̫ˡ
ĸΪͷ˰ģ΢ĻζϽ½ֻ˼֣ΪСĵͺߡ
Ϫļͷǳȥ˯㡣
̲סĿڶԷϣϪƤ𪣬Ǻеķɫͷںڶ˳Ͱïܶ΢ĳͬϪĳֱ紵ʱ׾
ɫͫʴ˿̿ľ룬ͦǺͷɫĴȴֿɼ
ְ˰ؿڣĽҪϲ٣ҧ˼ˮͷָⴥϪüģȻỮͣڱǼ⴦˰ģǷɫ֮һ֣ЩҵĸĿڽճȭϼһѤãǸ䲻ɵ
һ͵ۿϪԷδκβһͷĿ˹ȥǵĲ˲䣬ٶ𣬴Сһ·˶ȥܲʱԾˮ棬Ӧ͸еá


36 ˮ
˵Ϣһ, ͷһ, ˺ܴľһ㣬ֿϪ΢΢ǰս˼֡
ʱϪȴͻȻվֱӣ촽һĿԣò׻һѹºͷĿ⣬뿴ӻûҪǲů, Ҫ
̧۷ִ˿ĴѾͣһıԵϪһϲԼ˯ڼ䣬ѾǴĿĵء
Ϫͷúÿһ°ȴֶԷչĹĵģüͷŭź, ĪԷ֮һ, ﲢûʲôر, , ôˣ
ƮƮϪһۣŤȥֹϪ, ᣡ
Ϫһͷˮ, Сһ﷽Ų˵Լˣͱ˵, Ǻ⺣ϵһ, ˵ꡣ
ôˣĲˣǵİǵ, ֪ңһʱϪӣ˵
죬üĸ˼֣˵ʲôһ죬ֱ첻Լһܡ
Ϫ治ףԷͻСҲü룬һжԻúõģɫۣʹĶС˼׽֮⣬ҪͻȻʲô֮١
뵽ϪԼ֪ԭˣǵڰ֪УһΪҪ飬ӦԼͼˣСĲ
~ǧҵĴǼҰ̫Ưˣһʱ˷ִ磬ҷģ֮һУԼԣԭһκòá
Ϫ˫ֺʮ˸ĵƣСŤͷԼϪʱһֺõЦݡ
ȲĻӦϪͶɻĿ⣬СıǵûкתŭֱֱĵԼ㵺ͽС
ΪΣŲԼϪ˼⡣
ʱץϪԼ˼֣ϪҲܣ˳ƹڶԷǰȴġ
۽Ⱦ⣬βˮвסİڶȻͻȻͣסǰ˼ֱֱ֣ϪĲֻܴԷĴǡ
ѵˮһ㣬һ룬ϪֻоһԷѾϣ˿̵ı飬ֻԷڶ𣺡ϲϪ
漴Ϫļͷ˲䣬뿪һЩ뿴ϪϪĻ׵ġ
ϪȻĿǰİԷҪ֤ŵĻһ㣬⿿һЩ̹ȻĵϪ
һԽŵڵһ·ͷϪԼ΢ҹﾹ˳֮ƣϪű׹ĵط͵һֻоЩ
Ϫĺۼֿץס˶ԷϪ޷뿪̫ԶͻȻ˸ɫϪǵϪ......
δ˵ֻ꣬Ϫ̧ۿ˫տĲͬʪĻţ޷ݴ˿̵ĸܣֻڿϸһ㣬ʹѾߡ
קϪɿЩΪָĦϻ˼֣˵ʱԾķϪȣ
Ϫ˿ȻôһƬľֹʵǹ/ˣʴӣ񲻸֮ϣֻôȥߡ
ŵ֣ΪԷĴ˿˿⣬ǿջֵĳ嶯ʹԼ侲
Ϫ۲õϪ֣Ϫǰ㣬ֻÿŵһֳֻŰļͷסΡ
һ˲ס˺ֻһ緽ԣСĴϣǰİϪоʱͻȻһж˫ɫС
ϪĺһҲŷԺεǰܸˡ
Ϫָڰ˫ϣĴ̲סͷһ񣬿ڵҲǺҪ飬ζһЩк͹ϵԲ׵Ķһ˵ֻŶ~
㶣Щɻüͷƺʲô벻ףſڻѯһ¡
ϪȴҡҡͷָలüģЦˣ֪ϲң͹ˣǾͲҪھˣҶˣҵ㶫԰ɣ
˵⻰ϪҲСӦʱ䣬Ѿһվ׼´
ĻҲתƻ⣬ԭʱÿڿʵôһڣ˿Ǽֻ֣ЩҵԽʵĶ⺣֮ã˵ҵˮ̶ǹӡ
ϪÿˮȻתͷŰ˵ȥǰͷҳԵģ˳ЩʲͼݰΪץɡ
˵꣬ЦŲģҺܿͻȵҡ
ĿϪ뿪ıӰԷʱʱͷӣֱӰֲȥټջĿ⣬ϪҪԺǼ򵥣߳˼ԡ
Щûµİ㶵ڴ߳񣬾֪ʲôãûϪ֮ǰЩʱιãƺҲȤ롣
ôϪ֮һжģԷӣоЩʲôܷζҲȫǲ飬ֻҪ뵽ϪľˮһȸԾ
ӴµζҲһҹͻӭˣһӱҲûôߡ
ֳ̧ͷϵ£϶ĺŸ裬ϪԺѧõģĴžеļį
Ϫſ֦صߵʱ򣬿¸質İĶ԰òһź֪ÿһμ棬Էɻˢеޡ
ûйȥţֻǽԭͣЩԣҲȫȻȡ
ƻһԼϵõӡ֤ʶ㳤δ԰׵ĽԼ¶ڶԷǰ޹˼ɵĳԼĲ㣬ԷΡ
ҪǣԵֵԷò䲻ǰĻ棬ϪԻз
ȫȻΣǷϲκεʣ˼㣬˭ĸ飬޷ܡ
вĽ綨еĺֱӣԼȴ⣬ԼЩåƦк
ߣ밲ŮӣȻһٶΪ¶ʵ˷ѽ⡣
ϵС¶ЩȤϪҲ˼ˣԽЩ벻׵֮Ժ벻ױ˵һ̵˺²Ҫġ
ǲǵȵĲͷˣϪЦ߻شߣԴ
ʱָֻЦݣҡҡͷûϵģΪϪ
˵ָָ꣬ǱߵһС㣬ʾϪѾˡ
ϪǱߵ㣬󰲵գ
õԴϪ״ЦЦ漴ЩգҪǵõԶ밶ߵĸﴦĻ㲻ڴߣҲܸһϰ
뵽Ϫüͷ뵽Լںϵķ֣̽ʵ뿪ˮһʱ𣿡
Ϫ׶ԷΪôʣǵͷȻ벻ˮҲѰǰ̣ʱˮǲġ
õ϶Ϫչüۣѯͬ⣺ںڷһˮ̶Ȼȴ㣬ҵϰ𣬱㲻⺣㣬ҾãǱһȥǺΣ
Ϫһͬжͷʾͬ漴ֿŲԶ½¶˿յɫĿ⿴Լβ
ϪһֱŰ飬ģЦŰõĹȥ⣬ںң½ǲΪѡ
˵Ϫӣ㽫Դϱ𣬰ͺһһŤͷ˫ȦϪѰȫС
͵طϪĺƬ˽࣬ȻһűŰȥˮ
ӲأϪĶױֻҪһ·Ϫбûʮİա
뵽˴ϪҲٵ飬̧ȥǶǰڰߵĿ֦˿ҲϾȥ˼ɣ֦Ķﵽǡ
ɵĴϪĻУ̧۱ܿԷ°ͣоֲϪ˸ŬԼβĻζ
ĿƣϪſŵ˫ȣϪ˫ĺãͣ黭¾Ĺյһʡ
漴ĿƵǳ̲µĽӡһֻͷһԼƯβ͡
һֱΪβͣĹɫоֻУǴ˿̣βʹ㶵Щ
Ϫĺ𽥼أﰵԼ̫дˣһҪ߲ԼΡ
ĥĥаΪ˻ǷգֻӲŵףط밶ѾŲٵľˣҲ޷ٱŰȥ
ϪǱԼԤ˳Ľˮ̶ˮкϪֻо˫̣߳һ㱡
˴ǽϪԭɵ·ٶȴʪӣܵĺܡ
軷ܣҪҪȽ·ɣȻҹǻ
뵽Ϫתɾײ˰ĿתԼС


37 ϲ
˫, ϪַֹȻû, ǻλС㣬仹Ǹ˵
ϪԼ˵ԴɻϪ

ϪЩĲɵӦţҹ紩ַʱ˸£¹ԽҹҲԽϪ˼Ȱѻ˵
ǷѲʲôһĹ, ӳϪϣһֵ⣬ʪȴûô쿾ɣͷЩУϪаá
Ŀпˮ̶ԵԼİ, Լ, չһЦ, ϪȻĻһЦ, һʱԾ
ǲʪ¿ɣԼֱؼңԼҲԳ, ԺӵҪٲάˡ
ҪŰ½, ־ĪĽš
ţ뵽˴Ϫͻأһ£ΪλеţĹϵ, жŮ, ҶԷԵ, ιҪš
ôһϪбȻˣĴ˿ֿʼ£˵Ȼ˵Լǿ˫Ĵ۾ʱϪǽסһ졣
תȥŰȻ·¹ڻԵ֦ϣͻͻµҲֱֻʣĨʱϪټһʱᾹЩת԰
Ϫɬԥ֮ʱȴ֪ڰĽǶȣԼȫһģ
ԭˮ̶֧ԴϪæԷ󣬻ΪԼ˵ȴû뵽ϪһԲͻȻʼϵʲ
֪ģڵģⶫɵʱŲ̫оմˮͻأϲϪǿ⡣
ҰĻЩСȸԾϪδԼǰȥЩԿϪӣԶԷ˽⡣
뵽ﰲ֧ԴڴĿϪϪһЩ̣Ҳ߾;ĵš
ŶԷ¶ԲļͷıԼ͵֫ڻҫȾһɫĹΣÿĽ
ϵЦڲ֪ʧȡ֮Щɵģ۾ĿתĿţƽĿһֱ׷Ϫ˿ȴǲܿƵճȥ
оǻƵЩɻԼôˣоǰδй
ʱϪͣ˶΢΢һ壬֪ЩʲôһȴպܿЩǡôĻߡ
ʶĸӣͼٶ֣ȴǼޣֱеĿ֦ȼշžž˰˼
»ָ˼İŷԼ˿ȵ˵ģʹˮ̶еˮˬĺȴܻ֣ɿʵĿĽҲ쳣Ŀ졣
ĸоŵĲᣬ޴ûˮУ֪Ǻá
һһֱｨϪͻȻˮʶת㿴ˮУһҲԷٶ
ʹ֪㲻ˮһϪ̲סͷǣæ˹ȥ鿴
ˮ̶͹Ĵ󺣲ܱȣˮ̶Ҳһ࣬ϪͷͿĿɻϷǡɺϪ߶ϡ
Ϫڶβ´ˮֱЩĿϪ
Ϫ״Žŵôˣǲʲô˵ָ϶Էգо¶ЩߣµǸ
ץϪ֣ԥ˵ûв~ҲϪ֣Ǵûйĸо
ϪŶʱˣЩҵ˵ôΪˮ̶ˮǺˮԭھʹغȥ
ڣϪ׼ȥסϪĶҡͷǣˮûϵģоҲܣֻǰûУҲöˡ
˵ܣϪͷһɣ̱˵Ǳãˡ
ϪʱѾȫȻ˷ŵɬҲٹ˼ɣĨᱡὫ仯ճ㶵ĿţͻȻòȥо־
оԹ鵽һߣپ̹Ȼ仯ʵ˵Լĵ뷨
ϪӺƯϲ
Ϫһ𣬱ȴɬʱּ˻˼ֶеЩȻĿ䵽ϣԷβˮ»ҲֻԼ硣
ͶԷĻ棬ڹֺƽЩ
ϪҡҡͷЦԼСշӣȴ͵ؽֱ˱͵anڣʲô
ͷҲ̧˵ϪĻȻЩϪΪôʡ
ַϪ࣬΢΢Ħ£Ȼƶȥؽ磬һҲΪʲôԵĵط
ϪһץסԷ֣ͨ˴˵Щʲôֲ֪˵ʲôĿⴿ͸ȻΪûдκԼûѵ
ǣϪû취˳ŶԷ⣬öԷԼĶΪΣֻһ䣺ô
ɻֿ̧˿ȻʵΪʲôϪ
ЩĿ˿ĵطϪ崥Լûֻ̫¶ȱ֮ԼԸߣĪ
ƴϪʱ֪Ϊ㲻ֻ֣оͷȸԾѣֻ봥ĵطøЩֻ˻ϲҪǽӴĵطӿ֡
ϪյüͷŰ˵ĻУǻôôԾƫ˵ʲôĻ˼תε˵ллޡ
˵⻰ϪֻýԻȥȻˡ
ٶȴϪͲȰæս֣ڵǲⴥġ
һ㶣Ȼ󲻸Ը֣Щʧĵͷ
Ϫ״ӿͷڰοһͼ̧ͷʵβſԴ
Ϫ񣬲֪κͰֻͣӲͷƤ˵Ҫܲſԡ
ʲô
Ϫ׼вͬ־ǻϲ˴Ρ
Ϫϲ𣿡
Ϫϲ
ϪŰ𣿡
ϪȻ
ҲϲϪϪҿ𣿡
Ϫ......
Ϫ죬ûҡҡͷ˵˰ȻƽȥˣСʵĺܣԼСԷˡ
ŰԾԾԵ飬ϪͻȻҲȥôֱ࣬˵С
ΪʲôУʲô𣿡
ϪҡҡͷЦе˵ûΪʲô˵оǲС
𾪵ĿϪˣΪϪᡣ
ϪԷĶͷҪ˵ͼۿɼȥɥĿʵΪϪϲԲԸ𣿡
СĲΣϪû뵽Էô룬͵Ȼǣ㲻Ҫ롣
ȻϲΪʲôܾ
ϪҲ֪˵ֻܾܽ͵еɸӣ˵ףԺ׵ģҶ԰ϲǲҰ⡣
ȻܽϪĽͣŤͷϪ˵ѡ
ȥԼĻϪļˣ޴ĿŰ֪ô֤ԼУлһͷЩԥҪҪж
˿ޱȵˣϪĲϲԼ뵽ԼжϲԷȴܾԽԽģǻеģۿᶼۿתˣϪڻԼ֣ǿĲȥԷ
ҲʱоϪϢͻȻ˹漴ϴĴУͷһŤͷϪ
ͼϪӰˮ̶ߣĿԼ˵ô᲻ϲء


38 
ֻ˽С, ȴû뵽ϪǵõһǣŵĲʱɢ, ϲԽĴβ͡
ϪϪһ¡һߵյϪǰߴٵ
ϪԣŵΪжֻԼ֪ǰСôߣͻȻԼĶƸЩ࣬һǶѣͰŮӣ׽һЩҲ
ͨ˹, ϪҲ˳Ű⣬ȥһߵһǣЦܸ˰ɣ
ţϪǿ, ֪ˡЦӯӯĵͷ, ۾תĳ
Ϫü, С, ƫĻûޡ
Ϫп֮ʣȴץסϪΨһһʹקŶԷ¡
Ϫֻоؿһ, ʱæҵץµĨ, յ̧üҪ߳Сʲôȴ, ͷ, ۼҪԼϡ
ϪһƬհ, ڷӦ֮ǰСŴ۾ĿԼ
عϪðڶԷϵ֣ʹԼǰֻŲɵĨ߳Ҳף
˵꣬˿̵Ҳûȥǰ뷨ԹתĨ´ãЩ
ŸԼｨ裬˵Լյǲ׽ıֱ֣߱һԾķߣµĿ飬һ̶С
䷽ŵĻ棬촽ΪѼôҲʵ˵ȥΪҪһСúһ£ȻպԴ
뵽˴ϪŰһŤԹԿʼʰشԷ󣬴ԱٺͰЩ
ſˮرߣ쿴ϪϪΪͻȻģԼϪԼģôԼˣԷˡ
ϪСˮСֹ
Ϫе۰Ͱ͵ſˮ̶ߣСĺϪ֣ǷֶԷԼƣ˫һڴպԴ
ϪСı仯۵ףԭû²¸߰İ侲һ£ЩмܲסһӣԷǱ仯ԵʵעĿס͵͵Ť˹ǡ
Ū㣬Ƕ˳Դ´࣬ªϪ˵Щϣ㵽ǱȲ⿳ģɢڿõϣ·ĵϣż᲻ᷢˡ
Ͼ⼸μǣ֮Ķ࣬ÿ˵һıԹԼݳҪǱˣǵñ˵̼䡣
ѾˣҲȥԼõδԼȥˡ
ſõ߻صߣССĿԼϪ̾˿ݹȥ˵쳢ɣ˾Ͳóˡ
һ⻰ʱ˷ŵ£ЦӯӯĴյϪߣӹϪеУĹҵ˵Ϫã㶼óˡ
Ϫ㣬ʵƽںУʲô
촽ʲôʲôкܶԳԵģǶûϪĺóԡ
Ϫͷ־ǺݺһĶвЩֻԣЩʳǳԶζϵʳ֮һרвֹ֮һʳвŴ
Ҳѹʱһ۽ͽС˳ɼҲûɵģŵһʳȷʵѵֵסջ
뵽ϪͻȻӦԼûʹˣڶԷźԼ£ֵ¶ʶľðӦԼС
꼸ˣϪʵ
ԣüͷе㣬дʣԼ䣬Ϫһۣǰļ֮ϤҪ˼һҲû⡣
һЩյ̧ͷ˵ԺͲȥˣҲ֪ˣԼٲ
ϪȻĵͷӦҲǣʱҲ̫ǵԼģǲͦ......
ȵȣС㷽˵ԼţϪɻգգۣȷٴʵ㷽˵٣
ٲ治ɫ˵
ϪĿ򰲣ϸϸֱ氲ϵı飬ȷԷûк˵гԵһʱડһµڵϡ
ʵû취ʹЩӵĸϵһ飬̾Щ˿ഺ٣ʵ㻽ڶΪ
һ¶ϪʵСﲻЩŤվһ˵ͯԴʵԽܡ
漴ϪǰӼпļأһ볤٣Ტۣû뵽ġ
ô˵Щزǲţիμпһ˲ʵǷҲȷ£뵽˴Ϫо쳣ĲʣЩķθ
Ϫ˦˦ͷǿԼЩ˦⣬һж⣬ȴûθڡ
ĿǰİϣְԼǷݿЩδ򴽣ϧĿ跽ŵڵϵİ㣬Ǳ·Ĳʲôϡ䱦һ㡣
ϪˣεҡҡͷԼʣµһݵ֣Ȼֽߵ鷢ЦȻǰ
֪Ϫŵ˼Ҳ⻰ĸпֻ˳ŻӦԣǰϪϪ
ҹ֮ʱǹر죬ڰĸУϪĵһһشһһ̸ϪӰ֪硣


39 ⷢ
ϪһѽеͷǶ, һӵ̲ס˸, סĴ궯˫ۣصⲽðŻ
ԭ㵨С֮ˣ˵ҲȫȻ޸Уܲڱųģֻͷǳֵĺ޷һ½ϪŵĹǺ
ԥĿǲݴ¶ɭ׹ǺϪͷһĴģԥҪҪȥ鿴һ
պսʤ˿־, ط˵İ׹ʵ죬⺣֮ϣʱҪŰԶ˴
ϪԼĹľԼŵĵطȥϵֲ˴, , Ժïʢ
ݴ, ϸѰһ, ſʣµǸǼףǹǼϻǰţϪü鿴һ, ֦Ūͷǡ
վ˼, Ϫ̧ɨһΧĵƣжϡ
ǿͷǵĺԴԵѺ, ŵĵطһʵɽ, ˴ɽĸߴ, ȻˤкײʲôҲû
ϪԶֻĻǲôĵʲôصΣ
漴µɻвط½غԶҲûʲôҪ˴ģô⣿
ںѣƯˣϪҲԲΪϵȻѾòܿĳϵϳԼʽȻǱ˵ķ
žص˼еϪ
ŵö˶ӣ𰲻ˮ̶ţԼûкôʱ䲻ȥǻ
ôʱҲ˷֣ŲӦҲʲô仯뵽ϪҴҽժµҰʰ𣬿첽ظȥ
δߵˮ̶ϪѾͷˮһͻæӿ˽Ųصԭ
۱㿴ӶѾˮ̶֮ϣӱϪĽǶȣֻܿʱˮĽҲ֪С˿ʲô
Բ㻹ûѣûккĴתתͻû뵽ôʱ䡣
Ϫһ߽һߣĹӷŵϣһݸ
δüǰ˵ӣһ˫۰׵ֱ۾ѾĲһײĻУеҰײ䡣
Ұ˳¶һ·ˡһˮ̶֮УϪҲΪԲסɰ׸Ϊڵء
ϪСĵʵôˣ
ſڼͷСûлػֻսֱ۵Ϫо˵ȶİĺ󱳣ҲûпǻŰԼָ
״ûг̫ãܿ찲ʹϪļͷ˿ӣһ·ģϵһҰһĿϪ
ϪŰݣСıǼЩģﻹЩˮ⣬¶ʱȻԼҪ˿̿İȻѾ
Ұϴһ£Ϫŵߣ˵ҳԣζˬڣŷ⵺ҲУŸժ㳢ʣԻˡ
ҧߵĹӣϪ˵ȻͷӦóԡ
ϪЦЦ䣬ͻȻɢźüƬƬʰһƬĿŰ˵ôôƬʲô£
ϪƬͷҧ˿ڹ˵Ϫ
ϪоͻȻͱݺݵľһѣһ뵽ΪҲԼȻˮԷڰߣϵƬҲ˱вӿ
Բ......
ϪĻû˵꣬ͻȻһУֹϪȥĻ˵ϪĴҵԭԼûˡ
ĹӣϪ֪˵ʲôֻʳһ䣺᲻ۣ
˿Լ࣬գգۣȻϪ˵е㣬ϪҪ𣿡
Ϫ̧ͷŹνĿԼԥһ£Щ˼˵𣿡
ͷõһ£̽ķĪЩ١
ǿϪĥĥӣԼץϪԼβ
ֵĵһо⵫֣Ǵй⻬ϸ壬ͨ۵ĸоһƬȥͺڴһϺõʯһ㣬ָмá
ϪЩָУ̲סȥĸţ漴ԸоЩطƽʱǾƬĵط
֮ӿͷָЩطϸϸ˸֮ʣͻȻյСβͲ㴥ΪС
ϪһʱŤ򰲣ԷһĿԼϷż˿ΣλεľڸǸܲ˵
ڨڨջ֣ϪԾִٵ˵˸ֵܹ󡣡
ЦЦȻ˿ѾȫָץסϪ쵽һ֣˵ϪĻûϵΪϲϪϪůůĺϲϪңҲϲϪ塣
Ϫ̧ס죬ֻоˣҧһΣҶȻú׼úø֪ĹأЩٺҳˡ
һС֮ɫҲˣϪصϣǾ߰׹ǣܾЩŲ£ŴǵطİߣͰһ´ȥǱߡ
صǰ׹ǴϪ˸׳ľ˸Ӵ㽫׹ˡ
˵Ϊ䲻֪˭Ȼײˣȫƻ£ܴȥֻ紵ܡ
ںúϪһдʣһ׳ŵӴľ߰׹С
׹˳УϪȴԭ׹ڵĵϷһɻĽ𣬴ͷŵĲ־һ顣
˵˵ϢϪ򿪲
ѾͰ͵ģٵطΪմˮַѿԭݣϪҲԽԽأ֣صջػУȻãص˴ϡ
ȥ·ϣϪǱϵݣԵЩĲɣܵĳ½ǣŻع
ϵ֮ٶҲûãһֱҪͰղ뵽ϪలԴĬĬĸпʲôһͺˡ
ҲЩ䣬ϪߣٶԽԽֱ󣬴ֻ˵ֻ˳źƮذߵҲΪ
Ϫ˰СûֹҲԷֱҲԭ򣬴صߵʱµա
ϪŰ˵ˣ͵ɣҿȥ
Ծ¼װ壬Ȼˮ̽ͷϪ˵Ϫֿ
Ϫս˵ҲͰֿұ֤һȥҰġ
û˵һʱܾ֮Ϫ̣ٿȰο䡣
ʱͻȻ̽ˮ棬ϪС˵Ҫҵ̫á
һǳǳϪĴϣӦ֮ǰԷѾˮУֻºһһȦһȦķ·ҲϪϡ


40 ϼ
ȥϪоȻʧ, 㶵ָϷűǹĵطָᴥƻ𷽲ĴС
׻ǱС׵, Ϫ紵ҵĳԺЩε̾˿Ȼ֪ǴʲôСһ֪ĺûǺ飬뵽ݸ
תϪüͷ밲ŮӣƺҲ£ҪҲ棬ǷԼ̫Űˡ
ϪС, ߾ûĺõŮ飬Ů֮ϵܵıֲǺ˽⣬ȫǸݳжǷС
񰲵ΪڳˣֲȥжϣϪЩͷ, ֮󵽵׸κͰʲôΪʲôΪ
, ĴֻԼһ֪, ֮Ҳᱻ֪, ˣǲǲȥҲδɣϾҲٹЩΪ, Щ°Ҳֻܶж
Ϫж԰Ϊ, ʵ......
ϪһѲ, Ҿã
˻Դ, ϪƵ뷨˦, 񽫴ͣãͣڰߵĴٶȽڸǵĴ㡣
˷ӵһҴҲûʲôϾ͵ģƾԼ޺õĴûҪڲأ֮ǰ±˷Լ¡
񣬾˺һ£̬Ҳ˲ٵı仯صߣԼǰҪķͣеⱾ飬Ҳڵ¡
Ӧ̧ͦͷſֽȥıʵԼ룬뵽Ϫͷ˿Ťͷȥ
ߵڵʱԶԶĿһڴǻϪһ۲δ⣬ȵ߽ʱȴסĲ
...С㡣
Ϫͷһϵıǰ֮סʵЩˣ˺󣬲٬üңôŤĳƺô£
ʲô𣿡Ϫ鲻ڵĻҲûǰˡ
óϪ̬ȵת䣬ɫҲŻ˲٣ڵҾһǸ⣬Ҷ˵ˣʱЩ£ʵǱǸ
ϪţɫϿŲͼʱŵ浼¶ⱲҲ
һ˳ϪҲ־Ųŵˣ˶ŵǸˣҲͲƽˣʱһ£ȷʵǾİæˣԼһֱδЩ顣
û£鶼ѾȥˣҲطϣǴҲǺģӦ˵ллϪͷӦ
Զʱ̧ͷϪɫǰһ漴ε˻ȥ
ĶϪЩ֣ŽʱΪֹԽԽ֮ǰǰأƵƵһЩ쳣֮١
һ²ͻȻҽ뿪ڶȴھ¥ǰģʲô£
ϪѯʵԭһֱͦţͻȻȥЩǲԼڲɵġ
ſϪ˵ϪȵĲͷ֮ʣŤ˵޹أԼЩ벻ס
Լ޹أϪʱɲ뵣ʲôĪе΢΢ͷ⣬뿪
ſϪıӰ쵽һķ£ֻĬĬĿϪӰʧԼС
Ϫܸоƺл˵ûȤȥˣƽϾ¥£ŵĹϵʲô仯Ժĺá
صеϪɿԼҸ׺׼ںͺӱ˵̽ͷ̽Եڲ͵Щӡ
ϪˣôŪôԹ𣿡ϴԺ￴վſڵϪӭʵ
·ߵЩûԣЩԵˡϪЦЦĿڻӵϡ
ϼ״Ҳ̾˿˵ȣ֮ǲٳ㣬ǼһЩصǲں룬ɵ׻ҪЩĳ·ء
°ȥģģƤӶˣҲֲζģÿմȥ棬һӲʲôİ
ϪͷӦģӵ½ңҲȰ̫ģȥа취ġ
ǸãϪǸģǸˣ˺ú˵ϪĻ˼Ц⣬ȥϪԵȥˡ
ԼףϪŻǿ޵ı飬ʵûۿȥˣ߹ȥһѾŻӾͰ˸˹
СӣŸ˭˻÷ĵ㣬ܸܲҳģ
ӳʹűõԴʶ뷴Դ˵֪ûãҲﲻʲôæ㲻˵Ҷˡ
ԣˣǴһﶼ취ΨһĶӣʱҾ͵ÿ㶥ţ㻹ϺȡϪЩɸ֡
ˣ˲ǻ𣿲ܲҲбĻƣȥϡ
ң㣬а취һϪĻӶʱ۾һεĿϪ˵
취ģ֮ǰǲǺҪʹͣȥͣ㵽ʱʵžˡϪ˵꣬ŻԼҵԺӡ
Ҳƶһ̻Լȥʰõ鼮ȥ㡣
˵ĶСԶԶ׼׼еĹýµЦϪҼСӿǲԶˡ
˵ʲôأֻͻСҲǸгϢġԶǳһϻŵĽ
ϪϼҵĻ£ѾͷҪʵڲԸ˭Ҳס㻹˳˰ɡ׼ԶȰο
Զҡҡͷ̾һɬ㵱Ҳ𣿡
⣬ѲϼǱ߲ԸɿڣǵϪ׼˵
ԶͷԼԺĵƻ˵ȥϼұ˵һǼףϪԸǱ˵ȶٳףʱϼҵ̬ȱЩ˼ˡ
ҽȥҲģϪϲҲĪҪ˼ң˵ԵϼҲͬ⡣
˭룬ҽȥϼңԷֱ̬ˣ˵϶ϪҪϪڳɻ飬Ǳȿͷ϶£Ҳú˵𣬵ϪʽƸ
˵мϪҪˣǱȫյĻ˵ˡ
̨Ǽô˵⻹תˣôӣȻҪ׼ĸ̾
ԶҲ㲻ţʲô£ýſе֪ϼǶţҪȢϪ˵ǳϪ˭ҲҪϪȼˣȻ㲻ȢޣϼҲ˵ⷬ
˻˵ˣԭҲǼҶԲסϼңұҲĬǵ˵ǣЩʱϪ˼
׼ԹЦԶļ˵ǰ㻹ϪԼ޲ȥⲻе˵ǣֵ᲻˰ɡ


41 
ڶһ, ˯еϪͱԺˡ
ѣ
ԭǰһںû˯õϪ, ʱЩŭĽͷϣݵſˣȻһĽŲ
˭ģˡ
ƴҽ㣬ҽ˵Һһȥϡ
ǻӰʲôʱ͹ˣϪûء
û, ȥ
ϪԶʱֲõԤУȻǱ߻䣬ķű㴫û
㣬Ϫ, Ͻ, ˵Ҫȥô˯
ӵĴɤ, ϪвԸ˵ɧ, ǻȴ쳣ִţƺֻҪϪ㲻ͣΪ
ʵ޷Ϫ, ĥ, һץһϴĴš
Ļӿڣһ⻢Ӻ, ͷɤ˵Ҫ˵һ仰, ˯, ҾͰι㡣
˵һڻӵƨϣ߻ԺУϪŤͷţµڴ֮ϡ
ĻƨĲҳʹŵİϪſڡ
ϼεҡҡͷʵӣԹûһԵ㣿
ӸӦϪвæͷʱſڴϵ
ӣô㵽ʲôһؼҳԷȥ
ӱαҡͷҪ佼ҵϪ𴲣ϱкϵˣôǼҲûذɣǼ׼һ԰ɣһԷ
Щ˼ǿҲûޣӦϵĻһȥ˳æ
ϪڴϺĶôԽԽˣѾһΣƣδȴҲ˯Ϫ˼յ˴
ʰ׵ŵϪӳľǻֺõݣʰһСӣǱϱ㺰ǹȥ㣬뵽£Ϫָֻ»ӵűŹ
ԹкϪŻȥǹȥģҲûвУǴ˵ţһȥġ
ϵʱ磬ϪŻȥ鷻ͷæʱϪ鷻ڿ˿ûн飬Ҳʧ¡
յϪ鷻ſɹ̫ʱƼֱߵؤǸγˣ¥ֱδҲ֪ȥ˺η
Ӵͷ˳ǮСĵķźãȻϪ˵㣬ˣǽ
ϪһŻȥһʵȥٸ֮ȥˣ
ɻĻص˭
Ǹؤȥˣ
ԻȻΪűƹ£תۼ˾Ͳˣǳˣһǣʲô
Ϫûдǻ˼ĵ˵°͡
תۼ㵽ĸϣϪ֧ʹǰţûű濪ˣֿţϪˣС㣬ӡ
ϪӦֻþòҲѧϪӻһ
СԺȲ裬롣ֻǺ֮ǰһĬԣ࿪ӶϪ˸ơ
ϪͷŻӽţլӲûĹͿŲ豭ϣҡͷԵĿֱߵ鼮
ѧ񡣡Ϫ߹
ϪôÿյˣҪʹ͵ġûнĿջأӦ
ʹҪģȴѧҪĿġϪЦЦҲ̬ȡ
Ӵ⼸ܾþͷôãʲôûθڣʱҪܺһȺļͺˣе飬ĿתϪϣЦЦ˵
ϪԶʱһǰյļ;СͣҼȥô֪µģ
ѧ´ζְ⼦͵ϣлѧ١
ȻѾ֪˼£ǶȻԼҵ棬ؼҲûܵʣ߰Բȥˡ
Ц˼˵ǲȻȲģһǲһˡ
ϪգַȷʵȲģҪҪ³ʱҲֻһЩ򵥵ĳʳ
㸸˵ȥлλ˵ȥˣҵǺܺλʲôˣϴЦ⣬һ˫ȴŹ⡣
Ϫ֪Լյ˵©Ķ࣬ҲˣǾģСĴڣʹ𾴵ʦҲܸ߶Է
ˡѧ񣬲ܽݸ֪ȷʵһݵˣ˴ȥݻᣬ֣ⷢרϸ˵
۾ϪãŶһڣҡͷ˰ˣ㲻Ը˵㲻˵ɣкѰҡ
Է׷ʰ飬Ϫ˿ӻǱԺϻõ飬ݵǰ뿴
Ϫû뵽ǣŽӹһۣȻһ֮ǰĵ̬ȣһ˵̸
Ϫ̧ȱҪϣпһãȻĻӣŷ飬ǶŲԶվŵ˵ֻҼλСܣĽ㣬ϣܵõһָ㣬վͷһֻҪУ⡣
Դһ𾪵ĿϪôǵԼ˵⻰ϪЦеļ˵úѧû
ϪϵЦݣ˿ĭʵʵվֵĸǰ˵飬鷳ˡ
껢ӣϪ첽鷿ͷǰʾŹ˵
ϪǰŶԷ
СĵķǱ飬ðſʵ֪ͷдʲô
ϪСĵĹ۲ϵ飬ӦȻвٵط޷ּͨƪͷӦǺˮ֮
ҪҲᣬ㣬Ӻζںδ͸żУҲеء
Ϫԣ֪ʵ˵ǰȥݷˣסƳˣȥһ棬Ǻ֮żȻһ߰׹ǣѹǰ׹֮¡
Ҳ֪ȥ֮˭Ҳ㽫أֻܾ͵ؽݲǺ֮ϡ
ϪĻһĳĬſڵպѣӰ꣬ϵ⣬׶ʹѡ
˹ţĪ̫黳ԼӡϪȰοЩǵĿ
ڰʾԼްĿ䵽ϵķŵϡ
ˣ̲סʵȻĺѣҹҲƱˣΪλǺ֮϶˷֡


42 
ûлشϪ, ǿαϷʵֽ֪µζԺδ
Ϫһ£ǳԵĶ֪ⷽʶ, صߵο󡣡
ĵͷȻ˵˵Ĳο񶼰κһϣκҵȨκŮǵӵĸ
Ϫ΢΢üԭֻ⺣֮һԷȴʼ̸⳯оƣֲõԤУԶǣ
󴨴شƫƧ, 뾩Զоθƽտ֪ģϪȻҲǶȫ˽⣬˿Ҳûв廰ķݣֻð˵
ͣ󴨴ʱһ鲼, ҵλѾټ, ڳһϯ֮, ҲЩί, һֱδʵʹְ˵ײǻ˸طѡ
⼸ڳı£Ķ֮ϵĹĶ, 治˸ɵ, ҵʥλ̫ҲǸĿ֮š
λô򵥵Ķ, һԨۺ, һֱ̫, ǶƷֱҲˣƫǸĺ
Ҳλ˭ֻµǷܵһ̫ƽΪƺһұҺԺˮ֮ܿµβؽκһ
˵Ϫһۣһֱüţһ˼ģһ˿ο˵
ʱʱǳĥ£֮Ժǰ˵ʰ£µ׻©˷˵زʱʧȥϵ
κŴ´ѹ֮£һʱ˸Ҵâʥķ֣Ҳֻʱѹ¡
⼸κ׳˽Сϣǡ걱սһʱжս£κϽ뱱ߺܽʱҲϾ˼Եģұô˻ıһ£˳鵱ʧһ¡
ԭΪҪʱգȴδôͽ֮ݵҵĸǰϪѲĸǲɡ
ЩϪЦ
Ϫ棬ȴһתҲӳ˼лعӦҲˣǸǣɵúúҲǡ
ѾͷҪͣаʦ𣿡û˵
İݷģֻҪ͹ҪͣӰҶ֮顣ϪҲЦŻػ
ҡҡͷ𼸷Ц⣬Ϫ˵ô࣬ˣ
ϪҲЦģҲվţӹ£ڵ֪˵ô࣬ѾµҴ˷Ŀģҵõʱδ뵽еǣĹ㡣
Ҳ֪СѵҲ̵ңŮӲ޲ͬҲ׷Լ룬ɾԼһҵη֮ǲֵġ
֪һ£㲻ٳ㣬һŲǺ³
֪С£ѧֻһѧ¶ϲܽҼǣУŵỤȫ
ϪĿ̬ȼǿƣһʵ
һ˿죬֪Լѧģ̹κһλһԭΪ֮£ϪһŮӣҪĨȥһЩǵģȴû뵽ⷬطԷǵû;
ãҵѧΪʦ㱣ֻ֤ҪΪʦһգŵԣȻ಻ʳԡ
ı֤ϪӣЦȻˣ˵˵֮¡
㵹ǸӣȻȱȫм֮ʵ޸Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ô
Ҫ֪㣬һ²С£οκУ䲻˽Σ뷷ΣϾҪһּϴ̵ݣΪ͢ΣܳվȽţκҲ϶֡
ȲҴһٳʱպúĥ֮ǡ
˵⻰ϪɫЩʵôôˣ
Ϫعҡͷ£ֻ뵽һЩ¶ѣȻˣѧиˡ
Ϫһ뿪סд˴㣬ҲΪԼıһѰЩȥѰȸһ󣬻ʹ׼Ĳ࣬Ҳȥ
ѧлֻ⻤ѡѧѡ㲻ˡϪĺ⣬뿪鷿
ߵԺſڵصĻӣϪĸۡŶȥıӰ˵ѾͷС̸һ𣬵ҵǾһ˵ܳΪѡ
ԣǻ˵Ŀǹٸ
Ҳ뵽ˣֻ֮˴пûѧʶ˵ˣԺԵԻȥ¥ˣҽոԼڰ֣ת鷿


43 
˴ջ, СϴӺʹ˱㱻ʰ׵˯ڴ֮ϡ
ӺϪߺȲ, бۿ˿ϵˣʵ̲סֹ㣬ֵôǰǰĻ˲ǮˣҶûô󷽹
ϪϵĻףˣ⻹һο˵ݣвͬǸ㿡ʵģô˵ǸǵЩ
Ϫ֪, ˿ûϿô˵ĶһĵˣݵС˵֮³Ź˺⣬вٳľ, ϻûõĵط
ôһ, ֮ǰ˵ھɱ, Ҳ˵ѡ
Ҳ뵽һ, ϪûȥæӾǻ˵ὫϳҲ˵ʱҪҪ׽ù鰸, , ϲܾôԹۡ
˵α֮һμݣհݿҲ֪Ƕ˶, ϪӦؤʳ, Ƕʧȥǡ
ӡ֤Ϫе뷨һ, СŽϪǰĳʳ˽ŵ˷˵ϵҲתѡ
ֱӴӴˤϪͻӶһۣŴһüʾ⻢ӹȥ֡
һ㵵ָָԼָָϵˣϪ˵ʼһĽµĹ񲻵㸺𣿡
ǽϹϪѹûл֮ʵʵľǰ˷ߡ
ºһķˣʼķѾ̻ʣû˲ֵء
Ϫû̫ӦֻԶ˵㣬ɽմԼһԭһԵĻӣſӰĬĬķŻԭλ
һӵĲ˷ƽ㹻˳Եģһ˸˸⣬ԵԳԲˣȴһڲ˺첻Լ³
Ϫ꣬˱ŵֱߣڵΣǲٽС
ɫʹĵͷðζ豭ȥɤʵҵҵģ
ϪһͷЦɼ񵽵ģԵ˵أ
Ѿˣڻʲô
Ϫüѵ㲻ϣ㣿
ûڽӻϪҲգЦЦ֮ǰزʶȫƾһ֮˵Ҫ֪ʱȻֹɺŸγѲɲΪң
ϪĻ˵촽q˼뷴Ϫȴû廰Ļᡣ
Ҳ֮£ȱĻԸ£
˿ϪǻϪһģƺĻشʮаգ̲סڵɱˡ
ϪڹǮ̫ߣǳסõġ
ң
Ϫ֡
˵ﰲӱŲ豭ʱʱһڣ˵ĶԻһ֪ģҲ岻ϻ
ﰲ֮󣬾ϪΪĥʱһڵ̡
ҵĲԺգ飿ϪζĿ̣Ĵ𸴡
ѾӦϪĻ̶Ҫ˻ӦһСġ
ã⼸վסջеӣȹЩʱ㣬ǮһȸãҿסţʱˣȻȥˡ
Ϫ˵⻢һף뿪ʱſڵС㡣
ϪͷͼֱͦӣϪ¶һȻЦݣ˵л
ǣæģʱ㻹᲻лҡϪЦŰ˰֣Ż뿪˿ջ
˿ջ󣬻ͷʵ㣬ôϸоǻлģŵùҲĻ
Ṧ𣿡Ϫʵ
һ仰ͰѻӸˣһĵҿѧִҡ
ѧҵõȵʲôʱȥ˵Ϫ˶٣һѰζЦݡ
˵ˣеĵſ첻𡣡
˵ɱˣһˣ֮ǰĻ֪жգ˳ֵʱŸɴ䣬ʱǾллȻǹлǮ£Ժ˵ŵùġ
ҾǷĲ£нôãǰΪؤııݲ²Ǻܼ𣿡Сֹ
ǰ;⣬Ͼ˭˲̰
Ϫͣ½ŲŻӣ˵ԣ˲˲ɣϣ׽ƽĴ֮
䲻ѪףΪ׵ܣ½㣬ŵùˣɴĪҪ۹̫С֪𣿡
֪Ϫһ֣ʹ࿪ЦظҪһ׳Ϫ
ϪȴûӷӵĻᣬб۵û±˶ĳ˵ĻҲҼǺˣؼҡ


44 
, ǵլӡҲ˷ܵĴĴ
ϽקǰǳϪҲͰ, ʲô¡
ԶܣĿϪ˵Ϫ⵽ô£ĪҪٹŪˡ
ԶԶԣ˵ǣϪ⵽ô£ôլôͳۼҵˣ
Ϫʼ磬˵Ĳţǰ֮, λԭԶλˣվۣҲƽˣôȥ
, ¿ȥ, ֻ˶̧ͷԼȴ, Ϫĵӿһֵĸо, ͻȻоЩģ뵽Լѡĵ·֪ˡ
ĸ, Ϫ˵ͻȻ˼ֺ, ڵԭȺһ£˵ͷ, Ҫ, Ѳ˵͵Ǯˡ
ҲӦ, Űݷã˵·֣Ϊˣ˵Ǵ£Ҫϼͣ˵ҪϾʥ
һҪϾʥ˶һ㵣һʱ֪˵ʲôֻлһǣ·ҪϾһ㡣
ϪҲûһһէԣԾͽ򵥵ĺ˽һ£ֻ˵˵Լоá
Ҳ·ֺкģ˵ϵ˼Ϫתһ⣬ҪҸڷ£ǣԽԽۺ˿ʵ
ֱһ㣬ҧ˺εϪĥģҲιһ㣬ŴϪϾּҲϪתء
Ȼйκͷһ£ʱӲµҪԣ˶һزҲŲ
Ȼ⺣ǣĳ֮ⶫжֵǮ֪ģԶɫӵĿϪһֱòµŮѾߵ󼰵ĵط
׼Ĺõ棬ƺ˼ʲôһֹӣϪ˵仯ʱڵ
壬֪Լһ½ģǲСΪ佼Ҫ˻̵ݺá
׼̧ͷϪĵϪģһԵҲǽŵĿţֱ߻εץŻӣ󣬻վš
ҪŵĹ˰æ㣬ҵ²֪ûһ𣿡ϪЦ˵ƶ׼ܾġ
һ⻰϶ʱ˫ۣΪ΢΢ǰ㣬Сĳ׼
׼ĿϪֿԶԶҲѵ¶ЦͷۿЩ죬Ĩ˰Ц˵ҲͲƴˣҲմմϪĹ⣬Сıݲ¡
׼˿ڣԭնʱ˲٣ϪֱߵһվϵǰԷС
մԱ߱ԺԿףһ򲻷ּңԺ廹ðҴ⣬ҲһᵽסɣĪҪƴǡ
ϼæվвصĲһ㣬ҲǲҲǣʱ׼ڵϪˣ°ɡ
׼ĻŽԿ£ĽϪ֣˵
ϪĶԷʾ£תصԼҵߣ˵ҽЩʱ򻹵óһˣլʲôûУֻίǶˣѸõĶϣⷽǱҸ
⺢˵ʲôԼʲôίίģȥˡֵİϪһۣ˵ֿ˿Զɫ
Զ״ε̾˿˵⣬Щ
һ⻰Ϫ֪Զɿˣϲüң⻹ǵһǰüĸоǲ¶˿ڸǲסĵ⣬󷽵˵ǮҸ㣬ĪҪŵģǵҼˣ¶Լȥ
˵꣬ϪҲϻĻᣬתȥ
ſںִ˸кԷͷ࿪ЩӣϪһת첽ţȻſڶһ˽ҿӳԼ֡
Ϫ˳ЦĲȥ
ڰ֣˵Ҫǽȥⲻõõǰ£ұ㲻߶ˣǮ͹ߡ
óһľеݸϪϪӹӴ򿪣ͷһеİš
ϪһЦеĴ˼ȻҿӶ˵ֻͼ㽫תĸףˡ
ֵͷӹӣŤͷ˴š
ϪԴЦĸУȻǸʵˣǴ󷽣Īѧ׾ûŲΪ֪Ҳƣ
ûϪͷ˵ʦ磬ָѧء
լӣԭڴĶЩû̺ôγԭٷƵûϷΪ˱סڵĹְʹ˲ٶ
ҽ󲿷ֶȥοѵİգʣ㻹լӾ͸㣬Ͼиŵ㣬Ҳ÷պ¡
ڴˣû뵽ȻûְϪЩ˵
ͷȺЦһ˵ְλ˼ңһЩʱգҲƵס
ϪȻĵͷֺ˵Ц˼䣬Է׼뿪ʱ˵߹ŰºϾʱĥĥ⺣һ£ȡϾ֮ǰɹϡ
ͷͱϪվڽֿڣͻȻЩǣº͵ϾҪν¸С㡣
뵽ڵİϪԥһ£תţִ˶Ѳڣֻлܣסʵ˶ȥˣ
ͣ²˵ǲιլȥˣȥ¥ЩƲˣϱ㲻ڼгˡ
ϪͷŻ˵תһҪżգмǽ˵£һֶ˵˭˵ȻҪҼ֮ǰ֪ҪԴġ
ͷԭҪʲôˣŤͷܡ
ϪŻӵıӰҡҡͷµ׻ڱͳӦʲô⣬ŰԼȥˡ
ȥ¥һʢĲװУȻԼݳص˴ϣڼϴһʰЩȻƳʳװߡ
ЩʱɫѾ˶æŻؼûʲôע
ųֻͣʳһ˵İϣϪϴֱĨĨϵĺˮݴȥ
εĿĺȷǴ޵ĺĻо֮ҲеˮһҲ¡
ԼǰǴԶϪзѾ̱֮ڼװ֮ϣֻо˫ֹҪǰھͺˡ
ţϪͻȻԶиһϸʮа˾ǰ
ϪҲˣٴηĻ֮ȥ
ûãϪͿԶĺһС齸ʯͷиӰͷǱӰͼϵ粻ǰ˭
ϪŸеĴɺ˻ŴֻǱ߿ȥ
Լ˼УûзϪĿɺ߳ſеĸҥʱԾˮ棬ϰеɡ
Ϫ뵽ԶҪͻȻж˸質βĴź棬СԹϪʲôôңᡣ
ϪŲЦɤӳ룬ҪôǰĻġ
ͻȻϪ͵ֱͦ˱ŵĴתϪֵʱ˱۾漴ϾЦݡ
ӽʯһԾ£գۼϪĴߣͷϲϪˡ
Ϫ㿪ģҲɵȾѽѽԱϽ㡣
Ϫ˵ԼϵЦݸ˼գգۣСʵϪף
Ϫһ㶣ϴٱǸǣû뵽ǹţȻŴξֻܾɬǿܣ˵Լ̫⣬û
ԴЦϲô
ģ
ġ
˸£ںԭתȦԾװ֮ϰϪǰڴ˵Ϫһ¡


45 仯
԰ڴ, ϪеЩȻʶ, °룬ǿпסԼжֻ΢΢ƿЩ
ϪȴԷĻӦûзӦҪڴߴ٣ϪȴͻȻһѽס
û취
ϪͷڰļͷԼѾϿɰΪ, Ťʲô
뵽⣬Ϫ򴽣̧ͷɿڰĴһ㣬ҲԷӦĻᣬվ, , ȥϴεĺ, ܴȥ𣿡
űԼ˵Ϫ, ϪĶ̫죬δ壬ԷѾȥ
ЩĴβ, ԹĿϪ, ȴϪ͵͵ͷЩĿ̧ͷ, ϵȾŵɫ, ϼҪԡ
Ҳ֪, ϪӣͻȻ͸߰ҲƽϷŶԷľֹͷ
䣬ĿȴϪϣĻϲ·ÿһգ۶ʳ
ϪܸоڱԼĪЩȣ˿˳ڣͼԴԼƽ
ʱƣϪĻָ侲صװϣһȥ;˯ţһͷڰԣһ·;ķ羰е쳣ĳ졣


46 ѧϰ
ϪЩŵı˱, Ȼ̧۾ָŰ˫, ˵
ӿȥЩƣ룬ϪĴ˺һŽƽ˳ץϪϲĿԼ˫ȣЩЭĶš
ϪһӵʣʶĸŰ˫ƶԲɰĽֺСȣԼ°Ĵ, ......
Ϫ͵ŤʱֹԼĿӴ˽ܵĵطͣԼӷԼĴʹС
, һ, ʹԼĿⶨڰ, ԷԳԼ˼, ִԼ·ק£Էעɻ
ȵȣȥЩϪ͵, ȻϽŤͷȥзҡ
ǰεľ, һγŵʱص׼˼滻û뵽ʱ, ĺԼ, ·Ҳ
·ص, Ϫ·ݹȥȽʹҵģ֮ٸµġ
Ϫϵ·˳ϵ磬ʵ𣿡
Ϫ֮ǰ޷˫ȻǴϵĺã·ڸ壬Ҳбá
գգۣӹϪϵ·˵ϪҴĻҾʹ
Ϫ˿ǰԸ⴩·Ļ治֪ð۾ķţܲһֱбۺͰ˵ɡ
ϪŸOO@@ߴİĺ
Ϫعʶʵôˣ
ֿ̯ϪϪŷ֣ŵݸ·˿̱ҵϣ˵ˣ϶㴩źá
ϪһĶͷ˰ûд·ľ飬֪·ȷŷʽ
Ϫ˵Ϫϵ·֪ԼĲԣüϪֵϪҴ
Ϫͷͷϵ·£˵վҺð㴩·
Щͷ˿ԼĽţɫĽֺ˶ֳŴͼվǳ˼Σ;ֵȥ
󣬰Ͻɫ۽Ҳʼ⡣
ϪĳΪ޷վˣۿС㶼ҪˣϪԥһ£һڰ䣬Ȼ´һѽ˴Ӵϱ
ҪҲãǰǵһȣûϵ㡣ϪŰЦЦº͵İ
˳ӣ§ϪĲӣߺӦһϵı黺ࡣ
Ϫϵ˼Ѱ˿ƽ̹ĵطСĵĽ
ð˫Ŵڵϣ§ŰҪſңңϰһµĴС
ͷʾԼ֪ˣϪ״ջ§Űվֱӡ
ϪĻУСĵĻ˫ţ§ϪĲӽӵ󲿷ֶѹڶԷϣϰ˫ŽӴĸо
ϪŰ̽ʵôоЩ𣿡
˫ţоӦ˲٣˿̺Ϫ§һ飬ϪĻĶ΢΢Դ˽ϵȥ˼֣¶˿ϲ
Ϫı飬о˼֣ΪðõĽŬֱͦˣƺˣ˵ʱɱЩҡ
ϪĳŶԷļͷӣ΢ҡվԭء
Ϫӣ޵Ҿ֪ȻһѧͻᣬȲҪҵļ磬Ұ·ϡ
ɵĵͷϪ˵վãɶԷ
Ϫ˿еĿӣü˼Ƭ̣΢ӣܵıĿбӣȥץĻ̌һֻ׽С
ֵƤϸϪ̲סָĦ£ĵ׾̾Ȼ˫Ų𣬵˵ķ뽿С㶼Ī
ӻ˻Σֹ˾䡰ֺȴûؽš
ϪĿһ£ԼһڣϽһֻҲ׽УȻֱӲ࿪ͷϣ׿һȥ˶ζ
ۿϵãϪһǴӣо΢΢
ǲŷµģٿϵϪ˰ͷЩΪѵĿŰһĻ
ҧϪԥ·Ͱ˵ȵȣҽ£㽫ߣ𣿡
Ϫһ˵ţһ߽ʾֱȻһ£һŵĵͷ
Ϫ˰ͷδо·Ȼôĥ˵¡
ֽ⿪ϵϪ۳磬ȻƾŸое·
һ·ı仯ڰʹøԣ·ĦָͻȻȵĴУϪһɿ֡
ոմʲô
һͷһӿͷ㱻Ϫݺѹ£Իҵʵ𣿡
ϪΪʲôۣɻǰ
Ϫװµֽϵ·ãкΪ̫ÿϢһ£ٿϸЩ
ӦϪҲÿȰҪÿ
ϪЦԼò֪ģҲܱȰ֪ĻĻ˵ģĻΪԼǰΨһʶࡣ
룬Ϫȴ˸еκβˣϾòⶫܴһ˵ȫԼ㹻š
ţϪ̧ͷٴȤ䣬̧ȴӣץյǰ˼£漴¶һ΢Ц˵Ϫζ
ϪֻоͻȻ͵һ£漴ڶݵƽҵĹĶš
˫վİϪϪ֫Ҳ޳һЩϪﴩڰϣһЩطԵԴͳƵİԽСˡ
Ϫֵ̧סԼȵգͷһ֪ԼôˣİֻоͷйɹĸоָģϵѪҺ߷ڣ
ɻ̽ͷȥϪɻϪôˣ
ѧվߣϪǱȥһǰȥ
ϪæǰһסŰվúĨ˰һ侲˲٣ǰİ㵱Ǻÿˡ
ֻܽһб仯鹦˵òϣȻҲ˵Լ
ܵϪĿޣЩ°ͣȸԾϪ·
ϪȻͷǣŰ˫֣˿һЩ룬˵СҪ£Ҫʱǰһסġ
ץסϪ֣ϪǺޱģԲûʲôɣ㿪ʼ
ʵ֤Ȼȴ쳣Ƭ˫ߵľϣϪϲѵİɳ̲š
ǰİϪοɵ׳еɻ󣺡ΪʲôͻȻ˫ȣ
ಽţ˵Сʱĸ˵һǰȻסںУҲȥ½ϻ
Ǻ֮˳ͻ˺ܶ಻õ£ͻص˴УӴҲ½أҲ
Ϫţμдģڳ֮ļأɵĲ²ѲɺйأԵɣǿŰŲ졣
ҴСںг󣬲Ҫ½ϣ˽βͱΪ˫ȵķ˵
ôģϪɺ׷ʵ
˽Ϫ֣˵һΣϪˣȥңû취½ϻʱұһûгɹûʧܣҿԺϪһˡ
źĴϪĬͣ½ţĿŰüʳϼҪ繣ָǶԷָУӦһԺ󶼲ֿˡ


47 ϰ
ҹɫ, εĹҲ޷ټѾ, ȻһĶ޷ɣѾˡ
ϪԭĴǽذһˣȱʲһ£˳㿴һûҪԼģȴͻȻıʸ˼ƻ
˿ɫ˷Ϊȥ˵˫ȣˮʱ̫᲻Ӱ죿
ͣ²صûϵ, ֻҪԲˮ֣Ϳһֱ
ˮָ֣ĺˮҲ𣿡Ϫˮѯʵ
һһ㣬ûζҪһ㡣ͷ, ˳ƽӹˮһ, ˵
⻰, Ϫ, ֻǲˮ־ͿԴڰϵĻǺ㣬Ȼʱʱ̿ȡˮ, εĵˮӦҲЧ
뵽Լ֮󽫻, ϪЦһڤڤ֮ƺһжǸոպá
, Ҫϰһ, , ЩʱͻġϪ˵ſʼʰҪȥĶ
һϪҪߣ󣬼Ҳһȥ
Ϫפ㣬ҲȥʱȻ˫ߣǻϰߣҪʲô¾Ͳˣȹٴȥϡ
üԣΪɥɿϪ½ǵ֣ȴûҪ˿˼Ȼǲġ
Ϫ״Щͷۣһᣬǰϵӣͺϲһ⺣аڼʲôõģڰϣϪûĿ̶ֳȡ
ϣܵ˺밲Ҳģ֪һЩԼʹôԸԼֿҲֻǳĬﲻԼ֡
ԽϪԽѺľܾε̾˿Ϫһ»ȥʱ䣬ĶŤͷôӦңҪһֱңҲжһ뿪ҵ߷Χ
Ӷ˶٣ʱ̧ͷϲϪӦˣһȥ
Ϫվڴϳ֣ʱǰץסϪŰ˴Ц˭ҲŴӦ㣬Ժ󶼲ֿģҿɲԶŵˡ
ȵվװϣϪҪȥôȴ§֣ЦеϪˡ
ϪЦ֪֪ˣȷſңȻҲж
۾ĶϪϣһ˿ԾԾԣҪж
Ϫۼֿסչ죬û˰Ժ󲻿֪𣿡
ŰĲϪҡͷû˿˶ܵҲͰˣȥ˰ǱƼˣָᷢʲôǵþעĺá
ôţϪͻȻоȻƣģĽֱϪһʱ֪ηӦ
ѽϪģڻںϣ׵ġЦɿ֣˺һͷȥˡ
Ϫûޣգֻо¶̵ĺܣ˳̧Ĩ˰뵽ʲôϵҲǲҲǣһʱֲϺĸ¶ȸЩ
ֻʻȥϪĻȥЩûðȺְֻŴ
鿴ȥܺãڴͷ˫Ŵˮ߳ʲô
ϪҲǾɿ죬֮ǰģʵжʲôȥϣҪͼ˴к𣿡
̧ͷǿգͷ˵Ĵ󺣺ܴÿ춼µı仯ǰĸ׻һһٶǰʧҲû㡣
һڴϣϪ㶵ĿŰıӰа˼
û뵽пһ㣬ԴĸײںһٶĹģҪԼ֣һֱһˣҲѹְӻˣϲ롣
Ϫֺ󣬴Щû˼ûй£ûϪĺóԵģҪǣûϪЩ˼˵Ȼ͵͵۴󺣣ƺԼ˵Ļᱻ
ϪĽŲƣվԣԷԴӦںˣˣԺ㡣


48 ϴ
Ϫһ, ɻǰţ
˵ϲţϪ, ǵһμ棬ųҲüĿ㣬ȻҹûſΪ죬ǰ񷨣ӦҲǡ
ôţϪЩûԵɡ
ԴϪϣߺ˵ûС
~ΪĴϪͷһɣ漴Щɻʵ, Ϊʲôеġ
֪ᣬϪϲ˵ʱ򣬽ŵļӴ˫ֵϪ
ϪоĵС, ֽק, Ű˼, ߱˵˭ϲ, Ҿϲ𣿡
ʱת磬ֺǺǵĵͷҲϲϪ
Ű, Ϫ䲻Ҫ, ǿ洦߶㿪ʼˮ, ׼󷹺ϴõˮ
Ĵ, ʱʱľͻϪԼȤĶѯʴ, ϪȻƵƵͷ飬ĵһһ͡
ȥϪķ䣬ûгϪҲԶļ򵥵Է
ķϪ٣԰Ķ࣬Ϫ³Լе棬ֻоһæµϳһı˿ĺܡ
ŰҡͷԵͷԵ㣬ڽϴˣȵҲ÷ָϴ衣
뵽˴ϪúóԷԼ˷䣬ˮľͰ׼ԡ
ӽ¶˵ˮУϪֻоһƣͶͷ˳̲סһο̾ˮг˳һʱϪֻоԼһָ붯ֻһֱˮС
ľͰԵĿƬ̣ͻȻűƿ̽ͷϪ
Ϫ˲佩ֱӣ´ľͰԵԼǰҵԺˣԺõĻȥ鷿ҵȵȾ͹ȥ㡣
Ҫű򿪵ԭ򣬷ҹ紵䣬ɢ˲٣ԿϪ״
Ϫ˿̺ʵᱡһմˮûһã͸ĴǰԵã·ķ羰޵ҡҷţյ˵ջ
۾ˢˣֹţȻϪߣʼֽ·ϲҲҪˮϪһ𡣡
ڰ·ĴŻϤ½ٶȲ죬ϪֹԷʱ䡣
ˮͰֱһѰס·֣˵ԣ
ûػĿֱ㶵ĿϪ϶ȻͣסĿⲻԾ΢΢̳ˮ
״Ű߿ԼһûڵԣԭŵѾϻ䣬Ʈˮ֮ϣԼһʱ
ٿرصˮУϪ˿֣رŰ˵Ͻ鷿ȥٴȥҪˡ
һ㶣ʾˣϪ˿ˮУƤڳˮĵɫ֮ǰĶһԵøĺÿ
վڱϣĬĬ룬˿̵ϪȥһЩԾԾԣǿĿϪݣйԴ̵ȥ
½ᣬϰֲֲףġ
ϪĿͰ߳ſڣԷſ򣬿ĿԼɵȥŹϡ
ŹϣЩߵԺаϪСȻͷ˿Ϫյķţ漴Ƿ´½һ˫ۡ
Ϫķŵƣ⽫ӰӳմϣȻֻܿŵҲ㹻ˡ
վԺŴϵӰͷ㣬ϪľͰ߳塣
~~ϪﻹҪԲһЩҪϸһЩ......
˵˵ţְԼ˵֣ĵͷ˵ȻϪǺܺÿ
Ϫʰ׵򿪷ţ㶵վԺ߹ȥ˵ôȥ鷿ţԺϺأĪҪܺˡ
˵գ΢üҴȥϴһ£Խˮ𣿡
ͷϪǣŽţվڱϿԷæ
Ϫһжʰú󣬾ǰ·ϵ⿪˺һ㿪Ϫ֣ʵϪڲˣ
Ϫԭû߳ŭѣ뿪㲻ʲôˣӦҪסڰ˵ǲ㿴ģҲҪǵòԼı˿
ͷȻϪ˵Ϫȥ
Ϫһ㶣⻹ǰһζ˵ܾĻ㵵ĿŰʵôˣ
ϪҲ㿴ȥԼһͷԴС˵
ʵϪԭʹ㽫ôϴ߰ԺͻرܵģǴ˿̱ܾ
˫ֱȥǰһյǰζЦҪ˵ҾðÿҾ뿴ҿ
ϪյýĿŰ˵ϸֻоͻȻƵȵһİĸоڽԴЩִоǶϪߣĪĽָо
⻹ϪһⷽҪ󣬰￪ʼɵĴСҪͬĻǲҲԿϪġ
ûȵó𰸣Ϫָò˼޽ǵķ˿ЦĲǵԺҪ˵ֻһԴӦ֪𣿡
ϪָĴϣӴĵطһС֮УðӸĲš
˵ģϪת뿪Ժ𷽲ŰľܾͻȻЩʧ䣬򴽣ɻѲνĺӴ˲һԼ׽İͻȻȻƸС
Ϊ̾ҡҡͷȥ鷿ʰ˳һ֮İţԼϾҪע
Ϫµʱ״̬뼫죬Լ˼Уֱſ͵͵ĺŴ˼
ԡϣõ⣬ԡֻסЩطïܵͷµˮվſںϪ
ϪһæȥԡãΪʪŻ䣬˵ԡ
æҵԡãϪ˻˷䣬ͷóɾ·ϸϸĽ֮չʾֱд£ϪתϴԡƷʰá
һУѾʵڴϿϪɵ룬Ȼˣÿæʱ򣬶Էȴֲֺֻܰһ߾Ŀš
𷽲ŵĳϪθߣúý̵һЩʶҪǿӡ󣬿һϰãֺݲģԾľ
ϥϸϪ˵üĿŶԷʵϪʲôԲҪģֻϲԷ˵ʱרעĿĵѯķ˹ͨʶϪ֮ǰѾǺܾǰˡ
˵ģ㶼֮ҼǵҪһϪ˿Ű˵
ͷӦҼǵãϪ
Ϫĵͷ⿿˵Ҫ̻ᰲеעȻʵõİ취ʲʱȲҪԼʹжӦÿԱ󲿷ֵ鷳
ԣңģһһֱڰߵġϪԴ
˵ôõĻͷѸˣָָֻУźϪ̲סͶ˼¡
ҲգϪܾԷֹܾ
صеʱ򣬾ҹһæµ˿̵ϪĲУһھͽȻҲЬϴ׼Ϣ
ʱˣջûغ֮ϣЩЪϢɣհ˯......˻~˵һ룬Ϫüһ
ۣԼĽŲһ۵˿ڣǳŻʱŪ˵ģ֮ǰûз˿ж佫˿ڳѣʺѪ˿
ϪôˣʱŵĿϪ
ϪҡͷӦûʲôġ
ʵǶ˿ڣҲѪЩϪôˣͻȻһ̧ۿ򰲣ӱӿһӦѾڰţֹ˶ԷĶ


49 Ĺ
, ˣ͵Ӧķ, ƣʹŲҲ£Сһ㣬ҩһҲͺˣеʹķ
ϪֺЦ۵ĿŰκ΢΢ĺ߸Ǹж˭ڵһʱԥľΪ˿ڣ˿ڵλ
üϪִŵϪʹ, ûôʹˡ
Ϫů§УֳһԵıӸϣһڴϣϪԴƣ˵ǰұһ, һҾͲˡ
ϪĻ̧ͷ, °ʵһͲϪһֱš
ϪԴ, , ﺬӦŻһ˯ȥ
ϪĻУϪƽȵĺ, ֪ǰȻ, СĵĵһƣԼͶԷһĸ߶ȡ
ʱϰĺô, ԭںϾϪҹ, ҲǸ˯, ˵Ϫˣʱ
˿ϪĽԷжٸ¶ȼʹ·Ҳĸܵ
һһĿϪģƺһ㣬ǷɫĴϣĿ˹ȥ
ڼ˲䣬ͣµĶϪĶϰԺ󲻿ס
һ˿գվ͸֮ң촽ƺͺѾǹԷȻѰ˸ĽǶȣϪĻҲۡ
ϪĻκεطҪů


50 ϲ˭
ļ, ϪǺͰܣڻҪȥ, ԰󲿷ʱ򶼻ںϣϪ϶԰뿪ҲûʼӦ󣬵ɻĲ£ľϪϴĽʯȴ
ÿʱϪΪѡһЩ鼮ȿ԰ѧϰֿԼæµʱð¿ġ
֪ʶѧϰ̬Ҳ棬Ըѧ֪ʶҲ쳣Ŀ, ÿÿϪİͻ뵽ǸһСаһˮ׼֮ǰʡġ
Ϫ֮󶼰Ǳϼ¼Ľв, 鵽Ǿɹ, Ľչطо, ¿ż, ķѹ
ۿϾ𽥱ƽϪȴûƳΣδ, ڷ۵ȫᲢۡ
Ƴβ, ҲûҪϾ˵, ڱ, ̵Ҳ²ġ
⼸Ҳȵ, Ϫ･ʱü˼ڰϵʱ˶ǰ²Сľ˼·
ص֮ϣͰһʱõ˻⡣
ϲϪüģԶῪѯʣϪ̲סú棬ֲǺ˽еĵǱ⡣
ڻشһʱоͰϪһе˼·ڲ֪еõµͻƿڡ
ʱܿ͵֪ʱǰ죬Ϫߵİһδ㽫߼ˡ
Ͼ֮ǰǵðȳӦһ£ȻһϾĻѶЩ̫ˡ
˰飬ϪΪĽţмĵԼ顣
ϪȴŰ˰ϣ˴Щӵ·ϣϰʱ磬˵ĳ˲˵ע⣬ǰĳۣ࣬вٴе궼̲ספ
ϪһֱСĵĽ䱸ܣĸ۵ǰŵ
Ҳ˷תΪţΧ˿оܲ¶ζܲϲקקϪ½ǡ
Ϫͷ˶ԷϵĲһңŰ첽˼ңصУԼĹзһóһɴϣ˵ֻίЩɴϣڻȥһȥˣҲû£һᾡӾǻġ
ϵɴҡͷҪϪһȥҲϪֿϪȥȥġ
ңҪϪȥ˾ǣ˱òϲˣҸô죬ҵȥš
ϪЦõĿŰ˵ǴѧЩ֪Ǻ˼𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵˵ģԭȻϲˣһþͲҪԷˣҲܣҲʲôãϪҲô
úúãҲҲҡϪεӦ
漴Ϫһ£˵Ժ˭˵ҵŮ佰ס𣿡
佰˵˽Ϊ򸾣ʱԶԷϣϪҳΪֹϵʵ
ϪҵĿ˼ⶼʲôʲô˵⻰û˼ҵūҲҵգĹкܶ࣬һ֣ΪΰƫƫֻǵЩ
˵׶Լ̫רæε£ڸѧϰ鼮ѡȨȫ˰鷿һ飬ʱһӶԻӺǸȤ¸ǵģѱǡ
ȴû뵽˳˸߰˰ˣԺбһЩ֪ʶ
ϪôشԺͻȻһ˵ĺ
㣬Ϫ㣬ڼҲ
Ժ̽ͷ̽ԵſںϪķǲģֻվ
ϪţػôˣӦ𣿡
Ĩ˰Ѷͷĺ۾ĴԺ˱ˮͷҪȣˮһڣۡ͡һ˳
ˮô£ôộ
Ϫüܿ˻ķӦæĺܣˮ˵Σá
һ㣿÷ŶβộǱĨ°ϵˮգˮһߡ
ʱӷվϪ󣬺ĴŶĻӡ
۾һɣ𾪵ĿϪ֮Ȼܿ˴ϪϪӾԶ̤㣬˵ǰİŮӡ
㣬˭
Ϫͷһ۰ԷûвϰŷͻӽܵҸԼҵŮ佰Ժ˵Ļ˵ĻҪЩ
Ӵ㵵ĿϪЩŵ˵㣬ܣҲǲӦİ𣿡
Ϫбһۣ˵ʲô˵Ҫźԡ𣿡
Ȼӻش𣬰һҿԡ
⻰ڻӵĶžҫһ㣬żץץԴ˵Щģ......
һżһʱ֮侹˵ԼϵһŵϪڻɵûȤת԰˵ԣС͸ҵĵܵܣԺһҲңġ
˵Ϫ԰˵̬ȣǽһᣬԼ˵ʱֱرһʱԽ
㻹δ˵ʲôԺϪŻʵ
Ŷҵ˽һЩʲȥ˳㿴ڲڼңڼҵĻһȥƴ¡
ϪͷʾԼ֪ͰкԺȻԼȥʰͻһȥϡ
ϪһߣԺʱֻʣ°ͻˣͷͻȻԼλõŮӣʵ㲻ϪŮʰվţ
ĿŻӣȻ˿ϪķϪ˵Ҫ״ˣǷϪ˵¿һӣӦްġ
ϪһʱûЩ£Ҳᡣ
ŵʰᣬʲôŮңҲӦûҽСӣôֱӺأ
Ϫһֱôҵһκֵʱɸˡʵ˵ʱĳɵЦһ
ֻоԼܵ˲СĳŮ˵ϪʶǸϪôо֪еϪȫһ
˵ѣ϶ˣңҽô˵ӴĿ飬ʾԼϿɰеϪ
ˣüͷǰ˵û˵ѣϪһֱܺã϶õˣϲҵġ
˵ʲôʵĿŰôô̹Ȼ˵ôҪĻ
˵ʶҽãҶҽһʮ꣬Ҫ˵ϲҲ϶ϲҡ
һ⻰ˣ˵ԣϪϲң׿˵ġ
ʱϪʰ׵ԺԣǰŰʵôˣǻ㲻ˣҰѵ
ĵĿϪôܲԵɾ˵Ĵʵ㣬˵ҺŮϲ˭
ϪֵĿ˻һۣҲһĿԼȻ˵ȻϲʵʲôȢˣҲ
ԣͨһڵأ˿ͻȻ˹ĺ꾫


51 һ
Сӽ쵽ô, ġϪüŻһԹߵӣƿۿ򰲡
Ҫȥ, ҸңϵɴҪժԺϰժˡϪ԰ϸϸ
㣬Ů𣿡䲻ıһ
ϪͷһŤͷͿվһŻӵԴϣŻ˭أҵѵģ
ίԼţǾðϪദģʽôŮӵĹϵ, ˵˻ǻм˵ùȥ
Ϫû鴦ǿ˵ģʵ˵㺰˹˻һȥϡ
ˣҼȥˡһߡ
ϪкԼ, Ҳһ, ȻԶ·ͣ, ĳϻװ˲ٶ
, ֱͷվһߣбۿϪͰǱߣϪ˾Ķ˵ʲôӣֱߵĻһ, ˵ҲҪÿʱÿΰ, ôиǣæ޷㣬ͳģ
ͷһѵ, ʵʵվ, ί˴, ̧ͷͿϪϸķŰ˳
ǰĿ˻ۣߺߵһŤ꾫꾫סϪ㣬Լ
ڳﻹŲٶ֮Ϫֻܰһ
Ϫ΢΢ü۳ϵĶ漴ЩпЩϵĶˣֵüǮһڼˣǻûϰµʽҲ
Ϫ⴫һ漴㿪ˣҲ֪ǲǻӸˣһٶȿͻأ
û֮£ҡһ¾ǰȥϪۼֵֿסͷسϣһ˿ϸ΢ı仯漴ָֻ糣ҿӺȵԣϵʲô
ҲһδӣĿСĵ˵Ҳ֪ûע⣬̫ˣҲġ
~ëëģʲôʱʡġϪεҡҡͷصλϣͼһ˼ĿԼ
Ϫ֣ʵôˣǷŵˣˣ
ҡҡͷȻָָӵķ򣬺ʵϪΪʲô˵
Ϫһ㶣ͷ˿ɻʲô
ѧϪ֮ǰӣ˵ĺ˵ᶯԣ
Ϫ......
ݵĳĬϪȷʵҪô㣿
ĵͷӦϪǸûҲԣϪһҶ֪
ϪΪѵĿŰҪʵҲѣκһ׵ԷǰĻ˵ˣһҪŰˣöԷʲôõӡô죿
ҾôһϰݣǿӲ
Ϫյ֧Դһ߰СʾԼԼҪ˵ĴϪȻǲĿĲݡ
Ϫ̾˿˸зӣ΢΢һü͵سסڱȻ֣һѽ˳Լǰһֻס࣬ʹԷ޷˵
ˣҲٴƵĻȻ´οɾûôˣ𣿡
Ϫѹɤȥͳдһ˿ɳƣ봹۾ӸµĿŰϺһ˿Ц⣬͸һķΧ
ɵ㶵ĿԼû˷ӦϪɻǻ
뵽ҧҧŰյս˼ЩյԷߵô˵Ļ𣿱˵ڶ飬Ļشأ
ĻӣĶС˲٣ɺһ䣬ϪĻ˸Уս
ԣϪ㣬ǿ˧ϪֻˣǸŮǰţ㱻˸ƭˣȻǳˡ
ǣԣ㵽㡣ԳЦһȥĶּ˼֡
ڵϪбۿ򰲣ԷԼºѪɫļ˲ʼһɡ
õӦòɣǰƤۣҪô죿ְĻ֮ǰЩͶ׷ˣ
ʱϪо˵ͷһɿ֣󳷿ӡ
Щȥı飬΢΢࿪ʵô
Լ£۾ĿϪϪְԼĿλã˷ܵ˵ĺÿ죬ȻϪʲôϲϪϲոյϪҲϲ
ĻشϪǷƣĿϡ
ϪշǱ֣߰ЩڴĿϪֺõʵϪɲһΣ
ϪŤŰĬȻôûС㻹ֵֹϲá
§һֻ첲ͷڶԷϣϪС
ڰǰֲԣˣҿ
⻰һʱ첻Ŀ˿ϪĻϲĲ˲ԷͷȻϪϰǸȷľ


52 Ȩ
ϵԥһ, ʵ⼸첻æε𣿶......
˵ϵȥ
Ϫʶһ۰ڷ׷ʵʲô
´һ°˵⿴Ҳ˵, κģǴӺģ
ŻصϪķ󣬰ɴƣ־͸ժˣϪһԼҲûˣժ˾ժҲ¡
˿̰òϵУ毺õݺµΣ˫鶯۾ô
ϪȻ, ֪ϵĹǣҲѰ˶Դ˳ϵĻ˵ʵȷʵһŮ㻹ǵõ, Ҳ˵ù𣿡
ϵͷʾǵ, Ϫ״˵ⰲǵ, С߳, λֱԸմȾ쳾԰ֽʵ볣˲ͬ
ǹ˵ˣѸɶ, ǰСӦһֱ, Ҵ棬Ժ˻Ҫȥġ
ϪĻ, ϶ʱȻ, ӦȻ, Ϫɵúúչ˼ңĪҪ˵ʹ
ϪӦҲŰƵЦЦ״Ҳ˸õЦݣһۣϪ˵⽿ģģˮĺܡ
ϪЦһԼϲҲһˣЩ
ȻҲͷˣǰȥмˣұѰ˼ԺҪ⣬ߵ¿϶ΪӦøչˣ......
Ϫ⣬΢΢üѾµ˼ˣǸ׼˸ˣаߣи˸ţС䷢ְݾ鷳ˣ뿪ھܾϽ˵
ұŸҸµģҲЩҳţûģ⺢ӱվǰ
˵ţվſ˹СԴӸϽźһֱվſĿбӣҲйκα鲨
Ϻ㰲߶Ϫһ㴹ͷվš
⺢ǸģǸĹʱؼ£ӲǽˣҲСŴ˿ôǰǻ˵Ϊ˰ǮҪ̻֮أ˳
ҲͬˣҵԺ⺢Ӹ㣬һչ㣬ϾñܿǶĹףҲ˵˵æޣ֮ǡ
ϪıܾģϵĻʱ⣬Ȳ¾㲻١
뷨ΪŮǶԷȻԼµģһϪȤ
ȻҾ°ɣճһ˵˵⣬ҿȡ
Ϫ£ϵ¶οæĽŲŵصģŶ˲٣ûúóԷ͸ȥ
ߣͣ½Ų˵ǻǰɣǸ֣ʲôʲôԵģ
ԿϪϪ΢ЦĿﺬŹζʱſڵϪʲôͳʲô
˵ʵԹʳﲻ࣬ʽָǽвڣҲʲôʲôΪϪϲԵľǺóԵģ⻰϶Ͳһˡ
Ǹĺӣ㶮£Ϫһúúö˼ңǿɲܹ˼ҵΡЦſŰ˵Խϲྫֹɵĺӡ
ǣȥɣ²ģǻõġϪεĴߴٵҪô˵ȥϻʳ⡣
ߺϪкԼߣȻվߵŮӣԷǰ㰲վţƺֻҪһͻĴڡ
Ϫ˱ˮһһʵʲô
Ůɵͷǹ˵Сû֣˶Ѿͷ
ˮƵֱߣϪ㸸ײȡ
Ǯǰ㵭Įɤκ
ϪǮʲô˼һԺĲ廰
ϪЦЦĵ˵һʺϵĴ
Ļû𰲵⣬ǱվŵѾͷȴӲײĲ˲ĵ̧ۿһϪڵλá
С㣬֮ǰһλŽҵƫֹѪЧܺãǲĻԡ
ѾͷӻͳһСľУ򿪺иͷװŵǻɫĸ壬ϵ·ӦǱùҴ١
ϪûӻѾͷΪϪǿĶԲӻﻮһ˿պʧ䣬Ѷջȥ
һֻ׾ִľУ㵵̧ͷϪľпȡһС飬ϸĲֱֵϣȻս˵ŵǲճ壬ҲûʲôζǺãⶫǲ
ľб·ŻصѾͷǷµУϪŶԷ񽫶ʱЩҵģпô쵽׻Ǹӡ
ϵ֮ǰϵϣŰײڶʱ˵ģΪ˲ðϵģһֱעû˿ڱ¶û뵽СѾͷˡ
֮ǰ˵Ĺ㸸׵£Һ˵зӣԶʧǰô˵ϪĮ˵ĿѾͷϣİڰϣŶԷ
ѾͷͷĬ˰ͻȻڵأĽͷڵ˵ūлС㡣
ȱлң˵ķӣҸɱٶɽιǣֵΣϪ˵˵ͻȻЩĵĿһԵİ
û̫ķӦ۾תŲ֪Щʲôûп־ϪעеѾͷߡ
ѾͷɹڵϣӦūȫ֪£ֻСūݶ顣
ԣϪŵŮͷ˰ΣͻȻſʵ㣬ˣ
ū澽ʮġ
ѾͷѾʮˣϪССľһ£ԷǽСӣźͻӲͣ˵ȻӻСҲ룬û뵽ֻԼСꡣ
ɼѾͷǳӪɵģ֮ǰ˵ģʩ᳤ôӦ٣Ͳ侲ҲԴڴˡ
ô࣬ϪҲûٶ˵ʲôû˵Ҫ£ҲûѾͷߣֻӵȥϵæͰ˵
ѾͷҲûжϪҪ׼ţĬĬһת뿪
Ѿͷ뿪ıӰֱԷŽĿϪֱϣʵϪҪ𣿡
ôܺ𣿡ϪЦ
üϪ͵֪Ůʲô˼ᰤϪܽϪϪߵĶš
ԣ˼ϪͷͬʱѧϰЧ󲿷ֵĳʶѾ֪
ǣҲϲϪҲϲϪͱ˰̫Ϫ˵Ժ󶼻һҲͲҪűˣ𣿡ŤϪŶԷ϶ԼĴ𰸡
Ϫ΢΢һ㶣֪ԼǿռܿȻˣֻϤһˣȻ¶źһŰģҲԼ˶ˣпܻ˼Ҳ
ҾŮҲƽЩֻܴһ˾ͶȻǰ𣿡Ϫĵİ
¶䣬̫Ĳȷأߵֻ಻٣ҪĸԤ롣
żðץϪ֣ٴȷϵϪҪӦңϪֻҿҲֻװˡ
ϪߺСǳ˵ˣĪҪͷ˵˵Ļ......
Ϫ򴽣ǰִŵĿԼε̾˿û˵㣬˭£ҴӦˡ
Щ£һ˵Ȩ


53 
ڳԹ֮, طϢϪڰ
Ϫʵ£
ӿϪߵİ, ȻŤ̾˿Ϫ˵㣬ھ¥סðʱ䣬ϴθƹǮָȥˣÿպóԺúȵĹҲ°ɡ
ôһѣϪ̻ھ¥ţʱҲæˣ֮ԺˣڿϾ֮нǰ, Ҳʽϸˡ
˵е͵ʳȥ˴ذɡϪһףת˲ſȥ
ûпԶѾͷ, ͻ˵ȥ, һȥ
ʲ......
ӵĻ˵һ, ϪѾüͷһַŵᴵ˿, ӰѺͷıԹʻضԹԵȥ˺˹
һ˱ţȥڵľ¥, һ·ϰԵú˷, ҹĳĸ֣ʱ㲻˶ͷ, ҹϵƻͨ, ·һ㡣
ϪεĿŰ, ĥҪҪҪ֣Ȼȵһ߶˾Ͳˡ
˴Ҫ˵ȴһֱûʲôڸеѾͷͷ࣬ʱʱĿ߼ʼĽһĻΧڡ
ľٶϪһ˿ˣȻڶ࣬ҲڴˣѾͷȳ˸ӵϸģҲԹɫ
һ̶ߣɱЩͨŮмֵˡ
ȻѾԹڵڵľ¥ʱ򣬰ѾСԸˡ
ϪҲ氲ż˿̾¥˲࣬ϪһҲ¥ĳˣһţСӭ
͹ۣԷס갡
ϪЦŸ˼СԣüͷԼԼһ¥ȥ̡
ùĹҵ˵־Ϫ½ǣȥ
Ϫ氲˲ǵʳм͵ȥ¥ˣҸ˳ԵģҪǲڶ͵ñӳȥ㰲ԣһ
ԥƬ̣ȻֵͷʳӦȥɣ㡣
ϪԴɨӺѾͷտŵ㣬ʲô״
ƲƲʾԼˣĬĬΪϪ̰ԼѾͷûʲôһڰվٶԡ
Ϫһ¥ȥһô¥СŷĿ˿ڣ
ڣλүҾû뿪Ǿ¥Ҳ¥ԸСͷסôãҲǸͻˡ
Ϫͷһ·ŵſڣֻ̧δõŰ֮ϣűͷˣվſڳС㡣࿪Ϫȥ
Ϫ̧ŽţʵӲҪţ֪ˣ
̸Ϫ˱裬ӦʶСĽŲС¥ʱϲߵȷ롣
ӣϪԼû£̼ʵʲ࣬ԷȴܼĲɼԷʵԶԤĸǿ
ʱĵ̵Ѳ֮ǰǰݣ˿ȥɫ˲٣ģԽˡ
ģ濴ǸǱɱ֣˵Ǹɻҵ˵ᵱ档ϪЦŴȤ
С˵Цˣɱ˴ǿĵ̵Ը֮ǰؤ״ʱЩͷŵȴǹ͸Ÿ䣬һѽˮеذף޺ȴˮӳһâ
ϪԽԽԼ۹⵱治˻ԵˣǴС̻ƾʵǿ۷Ķȥ
ӣǻָĲˣջҲڼסȥˣԺ͸߰ɡ
죬Ҿ͵ǰǣ⣿
˵ԼھɱˣȻһ·ˣֽϪҪϾ˵ѾϪңǱϾ˶ǿͷЭ飬̲ϪϾϪҲǿ
ϵ̵ûӦֻǳĬŵͷϪ״ɺʵò״뿪˵ҪȥԹң
ްСĻȻҪСİΣΪȣӴ˵ȥ·;ңԶм֪Сҵ汻ץСӶǲӲܡ̲˵
˼ǳ׼ǸġϪû˵ȴ˿ߵûһܴģ֮üޣҪʲô£ֻһ˵ķݡ
ѵ߾ץˣҲˣصվǳ֮ƣ̹Ļţʱʹ촦֮Ҳһ⡣
̵¶˼Ц⣬ʱССľ¥֮Уľ˲Сı仯˱ǰ˲١
Լٶ˵ʲôϪע⵽̻һ㺬壬ſʵ˵ΪԲԼİΣôʶ
Ϫ˵⻰ҲЩɻʵС㣬㲻֪ϵ𣿡
ǰֱ֮ʱһ鲼£뿪ǱϵҲɺϣȲ֪Ҳݲ򵥣ȴδʹҲ˵Ϫʵ˵
ȻĵͷǱˣҲǰ𽥱ҿصģǾһ˽ӵĽΪѧʶԨʥУڻӺӵܡ
սʥǼ仰Ĺȴδʥһģ԰쵽ҹ鷿ĵƸ˵ڶ糯ʱ֡
ճ֮ϣʥϵΪʦµʱ˲СĶ֪˺ܶࡣ
̵ĻϪֱߵĲһڣµݲһ㣬Ȼڴ˲㱰ϥҲû뵽ԷȻǵʥϵʦ
һ䡰ǻط顱׾ٵĴʵԷ˵̫⣬Ҳû롣
Ǽʹ㣬Ӧھ֮Уھ࣬ôأϪ׷ʵ
¾Ͳö֪ˣֻ֪ϵԸңڴ֮ϹȻڶײʱ˷
ҼǵһΣΪ񲿵ڴ֮ϳ˶Ƕ˲ϰ䣬ʱǳڲ෹˵𡣡
ǣһ㶼û䡣Ϫ̲סЦ
в豭ʱˣʰʰһؼңԵԺ㡣
̵Ķ࣬͸ʰ׵һ¥¥µ˻֮ǰϪ뿪ʱֻ࣬ǰ϶˺ϵĵġ
Ϫʱ֣ҲϪߵߣѾȱ˹ȥϪߣϵĵÿһһСݷǡ
ϪͷҲʻѾ˵ҰѺóԵĶϪһݣϪ쳢
˵žϪϣŸϪǵģϪܳԣ˼˼˼ڣ˿ӣﲻ̹һƬ⣬֧ʹȥСʣµĶ
СʱſͻȻߺ͵ĺһӰҹɫ¥Ȼڿżʱͨһݺݵİڵء


54 
Ū, ڿٵҹԵúԣʶķӦ, ׷׳߿ȻſڲԶϪҲ⡣
ڿСһʱӭ˹ȥϪջĿ⣬¥ҹֲ֣ⲻʲôϡ£СҲ㹻ľ鴦
ʰˣ߰ɡӺѾͷѾʣµĳʳʰףϪһ״żſȥ
ſڣҪȾ, СϪߣæǸѾĽϵһߣóյϪ뿪
ʶˣ϶ѶȻܶ, ôҲиٰʮ, СֲǺ׳ʵ, î˾ʱҲûϿԶ
ôС, ϪȻƽϣŵ߾ˣһ½һ
Ϫǰͷ, ŵľǰ, ·ʱϪͷǸС, ϻ, մŲ, ƵԴͷҲģ׵ĺպ˷ִ
˻ĪҪϹϵϪֻһۣЩİ˾¥ţ߳ḷ̌ӺѾͷΪŶ
Ѿͷ·ߵʱͷֽ׷ǰϪȴʱͻأͣԭأֱû˶
ĻûзҲ͵ͣס˽ŲѾͷŮ˼ײӲһûסӣŲҵһƨˤڵء
һˤòᣬһΪʹ¶һΪı飬ڵߵĺö˶ˣͻȻͣʲôҲ˴кⲻǳ......
ıԹţĿһ·ȥѾͷ뿴Էô£ȴĿ˶ԷҰ׵ɫ;ֵҲһʱԼҪ˵ʲô
׷һֱûʲôЩľګѾͷô¶飬˳ѾͷĿ¿ȥȻһֻץסѾͷĽ
Ѿͷ屾ΪӪ쳣Сֵֻӳ¸Եϸ쳣
һĻҲƽ϶ԷԼˤˣеĶȥץֺȵô£컯յˣåΪ˾ͿΪΪ
СҲһºûʲôϵ˵ҵſڣ޶˶˵ľ͵Ǹ˵űǸһȥ֡
־ͺѾͷĽһ㣬ƾô޶ԣѾͷվǲģȴɸһ촽ûһѪɫ
ڻӺСû޵ʱͻȻһ£ǰĻӣ͵شӵֱϰ
ֻоһŨҵľŵζǰһ͸·ݵƤϡ
ݻ㱵ĵͷС㵵ĿУ͵һУͰ͵ңңģ·
һǴѾͷ˼ǲŻعһ㿴ӣ廢ӵ״ʱһ˿Ǹ⣬óӵݹȥ
ǻûѾͷϵһ£ǻָ˼־ҡͷԵĿץŽѾͷȻһ˫۾ʱɵԲ
ð֣ҵˣ͵ܣӱ˸ˣϻۣڿˣôʰ㣡
˵קѾͷĽһѾͷĵеùͱһģץſûˤڵء
Ӽ״Ҳ˲Լϵ⣬˭ǸʲôҾ㣬֣
ϾҲȲһӣ鼱֮£Ҳŭˣ͵վͽԼۻ಻£͵ؾϣֺҴ£﷢ݵ߶š
ҽˣåһҲζǲĺܰ
ͷʱڵĹֽҲ˲ץѾͷţɿһѳͷϵ·վǰǸĺʱҲû˹˼ɣһѾŻӵ콫
Сӣҿǳıӵˣôʰ㣡˵ƾҪȭͷӴ
ʶıۣһԵѾͷǰǱһƴڵء
СۿʧأæһȥԼƹеͼƲ͵͵ˡ
ۿŻһٴٲˣʱһƷҽһɿ˾Żӵ֡
ٴεڵأķ򣬷ץԼһֻͷǺֻȻһӡ
һߣϪվڲԶվǰͷлһֻӡ
һϪӶʱоҵĹǣϲ㣬ˡ
Ϫ˻һۣղΪ˱鷳ߵļ˵㣬ͻ˾룬߳һ·ŷûϣ۷
ϽϪŻӴߴٵ
ӵҪϪһֱ䱸Ŀ̣ĿһתҪĻץ
Ϫۼ⣬͵ŴӻһѲ۵Ķذʱһá
ҲеذףеĿʱַ˹ȥǿеĶذذڵأͬʱҲٶȱץС
ۿһĻϪ˵鷳ˣͼһֱſڵϵѾͷʱͻȻǰһ˾ͱסĸ첲Ȼſںݺݵҧϡ
һȻҧĲᣬʱָɣ۵ֱðƴѾͷԴϡ
ȻĿһĻѾͷ˫ۣʾϽߣѾͷǿڰѪи쳣Ŀ
Ϫһüڵ̣֣ͳɡ
̵һ䣬Ѿǰָµƣһȭ֮ϣһ֣վӣһ̾ͽѾͷڱ䣬˳ڷĻӣ˻صϪߡ
˶ûмȥʰǱߵԭվĿ䱸ķ
Ϫ鿴ѾͷƣʻӵСôûˣ
عӦŶû£ô
ѾͷƲᣬֵʱҲû֣⼸°ãѾʧȥʶˡ
ǱֵкǶЩʲôˣԼŮƨ£ҪȥٸǣǶӵţǵִˣǿŮҪǳԲ˶ߣ
Ϫ˵̣ˣԸھʹȥٸ˵˼ٸῴŰġ
̵ͷҲ໰ȥû¾ͽһʰȻ˾뿪˾¥
ߣϪŸƹĺСڵڹһͼƹİæȥλ򡣡
³ԼƹļϪûҪץŲŵ˼ҲϽˣӦСȥҴ
˽Ѿͷõ¥ϵĿͷѾͷڴϣϢ΢ʹ˿ʶ壬˫üҲһ飬°͵ǰĵطŴƬѪźǺˡ
ϪŰ˵ǲ뿴Ҫ䣬ȥڵҡ
˿ϵѾͷûкµ˼۾תתСϪ˵˵ͬĲ֢вͬķϪԲԣ
ϪȻûĵ˵㰲ĶͷӦȻᡣ
ҲգͷǾͺãûϵҪܰҲ
⻰ϪЩ⣬ʵ㲻ѾͷĪϲ˼
üͷĿϪ˵˵ˣϲϪϪΪʲôãϲˣ
Ϫסˣһʱ֪ôشʱ򣬻ȴŴϵѾͷ˵㣬ղ˵Ѿͷĵ˵ǲģ
ϪۻӣֿϵѾͷӦӦˡ


55 Ѿͷ
ûȶ, С˷ţͷˡ
Ϫô, Ҳ˵ʲôһ۾Ϳ˴ϵѾͷӺĸ˰ӣڴ£ʼΪϵѾͷ
ʱҲſ˽Ϫվڴ߶ŵĻӣߵ̵ĸǰʵôˣ
̵ͷ˵ȥʱڴ§һŮӺȾƣ˽ŵò, ˵˼ڵĺܣڴ֮ˡ
ϪӦһ鴦ĺԤĲ࣬ǰʱĺ֮¸ոƽϢ, ڴյɴñʱ, ˵Ҫ, ȻЧ͡
С, ȥʱеļʶˣ˵Ķͽ, ھķ켣, һȾƾ£Ҳץ, ÿξѾͿ캰صϴ, ųȴվɺ, Ƕᷳȥˡ
̽ԼϢ֪ϪϪ˼βǱߵĴվߵߣʼд֡
վһߣ̽ͷȥĴϪ״˹ȥʵôˣ
ﵽô£ӸһҪЩûˣȿӣα겻αҪ
ʹˣȥץҩϪŤͷ˵
ֿۻЩ㶵ĻӣϪӣһȥûǮ˳ؼһˣ˵ǽǻЩȥҲͳϽʰʰ
ӿԼ£ŷӦԼʱĴŲʣҲ˵ʲô˱ŴҴ뿪
Ϫ۴ϵѾͷСȥҸŮӹæСͣʹľӦȥ
ûһһŮӾСˣСʵ͹ۣǺֵĳв
ˡϪͷлȻóѾͷʰɾ
ϪͰߣһߵ治ʱˮſϣͷϪ˵ǸӣϪãϪߵҲãôôˡ
ϪԴЦǺܸӵģڼʶҲãɼǵò˶ţҲյ㱻˺ȥ
ԣץסԼԴϵֱ֣ӿϪ˵ϪҲᵣҺͱ𣿡
ϪһϵЦʶļ֣û⡣
ռ̫ԣ֮ǰһ˵ܣûһ찲뿪Ͷ˵Ļ
Ѿϰ¶˵УϴҲ᲻㵥ʽ˾¼ʱǳ˱ԼõģҲѡ֮˵ȨԼָΣ
ĿͻȻЩƵģϪԺгְ˵ĸ첲΢ЦģǻʹĴԣеʡ
ϪϪ˼
ָ̧ϪĴ꣬Ħ£˵ҧˣʹ
ôһ˵ϪŸо΢΢ĴʹУ˳ɿ˽ҧ´˵Ծһ´˿̵ա
ȴʱչĶͷѧϪַḧϪĺԣϪģҲȥϪҾģ˵ҪһֱһģǲᱳŵԵġ
ϪĿһ漴һİ֮ĵ׻ʣŽߵݣ˫۵᷺ε֮ɫԻһ㣬Ŀļ֣ǽ۵ķ۴ȥ
ۿϪǾҪڰĴϣͻȻһˮϪ͵ػعѸٵֱӣﱧʰõѾͷ˳
С㣬ԸҶˣʲôҪҵģӿϪ
ϪɫȻһ򶨵˵ûʲôˣҩʱ򻹵ͷǰæһ¡
˵ЩϪöǮݸȴЩ񣬲ɵֿһʾ⡣
عЩ˼ĽӹǮűԶЩİעûϪĻ
˫ֱأչĹĵĿųž˴˵ĻϪոҪģǿϪѵͲһ㣬Ͳһ㣬ͱˡ
ԽԽųԽĲƣԱȥһĬĬϧ
һ뿪Ӻ̱ǰ˽Ϫźۼϵ¶ȣӦᱻ˿ʲô͵͵İ
Ҳǹˣô԰뷨ﰲӵֱֹ׵ıϲҲˣԼôҲһʧʵǲá
Ǳߴ΢ĺӵһˣ
Ϫʰ飬̱ϿתѾͷʵˣоΣ
ѾͷɫͲ԰ףϪ֮ǰ˼֣ҪϪְסļ򣬽˰شϣ˵Ʋᣬʲô˵ɣҩѾȥˡ
ѾͷɫӵĵлȻ˿ԥſ˵СӦѾ֪ū澵ĸף֮ȫū澶𣬻ЩˣūԸ췣
Ϫʵ˽ջڴ֪飿
Ѿͷҡҡͷ֪ūǾ¥벽
Ȼ㲻֪ôͷϣһȫȫӰģҲΪ໤ô㲻޴Ӧй
ϪĻ˵ѾͷлҪ˵˶ûԷᣬ˵ң֪Ӧǲ׵ģȴСģµˣ۸ȥҷģԺ󶼲ټˡ
Ѿͷ˫΢΢ɴóϪĻ˼֮ǰϪһֱûɿڣûȷʾԼ˵Լµˣ˼ѾԶ׼ˡ
ūллС㡣ѾͷЩʵ˵˫ۣԼ¡
޾ͿޣҲнˣ˸⡣Ϫ˵
Ѿͷ̲סˣСסȥϵˮ϶˵Сδһ죬ȫƾŴ˵ʩ
ҲΪ²ؼ£ִﺦȴ˼ǮŤͷȥġ
һºұ徣׵ʱؽ֣ҪǮȥģ˱ȾƣǮ˴ؼҶȭߣûأһѹ
ǰӣ֪ʶ˶ӣѰ˼Žˣ͵ܳģ......
ѾͷĻԽ˵ԽңǺһ㣬סĿԣϪļʾҪ˵ˣȻ߻ӵȥ¥ʣҩû
ӵһȥˣѾͷĻŭ֣ôû˵Ѿͷˣڵʱûݺ˼ȭ
һŵҲĿ΢е⸡ϪĿڰϡ
ȫȻѾͷ˵ĻⲻΪ֪֮Ѿͷĸһ˼Ϊֵ飬Ҳ˷ŵĲ죬Ϫ˵ϪǸ̫ɶˣҪݺݵĳͷ
ϪͷӦŵһұ£ĪҪġ
Ӷҩ¥Ѿͷ£ϢƬ̣ϪСż˻صС


56 
ص, ײ˻δЪµϣԭȻĻк, еǣȻͬ˵ûʲô£ϻǷĲ£ԺϪǻ
Ѿͷӵʱɫʱһ䣬ôˣȥʱ򲻻úõôһת۵Ĺˣ
Ϫǰһչϵģͷһʾ⻢ȽѾͷͻȥϢϽԵɡ
Ӻ뿪Ŀڰ, һ˼ԼԺߣ˵ģһطͬ㽲
һصϪķ, Ϫ򵥺˵һľ, һ߲ʱͷ, ϪĽ, Ƕһ֪ǺͲһ޶
û뵽Ѿͷŵǰ, ¾͸, ɱ治ˣ˴, Ҫǻ, Ѿͷн, ҸǽǶ£ллءһ˵
ͱˣѾѺ֮Уһұȥ˵˵£¡Ϫ
ԣϪæģһҪǸһܵͷҲ˵ϪĶΡ
ĻϵůһЩôŵԼŮҲøˣЦȻùټϪɵöϵģĪҪ˸۸ȥ
ϪεӦͷİɣҸ۸Ҳίģôˣ㻹ȥЪϢɡ
ϣϪֻصУվſڵ˵ϪģҲ۸ġ
ϪЦգָ࣬ĿڰĴϣЩȻƿĿ⣬˵ʱˣĿͷʰ͵Ͼ⼸㻹ǽͽͺһݰɡ
ͣϲϪһ飬ϪڵĵطõĵطЦеӦ⻰Ե鼫ѡ
ϪЦЦŻ׼ϴڷеȺƬ̣ͻȻһŲϪ˽ˮ̧ˣš
ſڣͻȻһʲôٻ漴ͷĽŲƿס
ȥֶʱջأϪæص࣬ŰصλãϸͷĶ˶䱸
ڷ֮ⷢʲôϪ֪ƾŷŵܲµԺﶯȻһ·ˡ
ȿʼĽŲϪ뼫пǰٺѾͷǱ߻Լ̣Լûס޵ԶԷԼȻ
һߺֵ˭ԼûʲôңʹУĽӴ棬Ҳû׵¡
ΪԼѵε⵽й¶ǰڵģĳңԼ
ֲ²ٿϪԺдת¶İ񰲸ģܿͻġ
Ϫ̵ֻʵ㹻ǿܹѹƹԷδҽȥ̡
ֵȴƬ̣ЩסˣĶĿԶϪͷĶȻҲ̧ͷ˵Ϫ£аڣ۸㡣
ϪĿһᣬɵȥҲǰ취ܽϣ̵ϣһܣǺ롣
뵽Ϫ˼ߣСĵĳŴƿһ죬ĿԺвһˣһ˹Ȼ̣һһɫ·ϴ߿峤ࡣ
˵Ķܿ죬Ϫ۾ϣϸ˼ۣǿЩ
ȻϪܾм죬˰ҹԼԺУӦ߲ƣȴδһֱͽֺ̹С
Щ֮Ϫûйؽڣ֪ʱյԣһͬ͵ͷ״
̣һ˿ҲΪʲôҪܣʵ
Ϫɻʶ֣Ϊʲô˵һҲʶˣ
Ǳߣ˵ûǾǸоûвõϢ
ô˵ϪٶȶǺˣ˼Ƭ̣ԺͻȻһ²⣬Ťͷ԰˵ңҳȥٻ㡣
ҲҪһȥϪ
ϪЩΪѣʲôãʱִ̫ţͷۡ
ԥϪ˸еķӣŰǰ԰˵ȵҳȥźңһ Ͱ𣿡
Ϫô˵ˣͷͬˣϪźͽϣȫעͷĶ
Ϫ棬ӦǺ˵̣ʱС㣬Ȼطȥҡ
һĹǺ˵ѾϮŴֻһΪĽǶȶһƣ漴͵ɨԷ
Ǻ˷ˣ̵ĹûһŤ㼱Ϫ̶ʱɫһܲ˻
˵ۿҪϪϣȴһ̸һƣȴҲ¶˿ţ˵һơ
ȻǱӭȥ̵һĽǶӭ˺˵һƣƺ˸ԱվҪٶǰϪ
С㣡̿վԼǰϪ
ûµģˡϪЦЦǱߵĺˡ
ô˹ʲôֻ
Է̬ժϵߣͷС㡣
֣Ϫ˿ſ˵ξ;м죬ʶУճڵҲֻһˡ
ţͼı֮ˣȻΪ߿ǺȴδͶһ˿עĳֲ⡣
ԷʱЮ˺ʱºֲõģɵʱ״жĳһǹѣԷעɷ̵ϡ
ϪʶöԷҲûڳֵ˼˼֣վϪ಻ٶԡ
ЩʱڴǱʾϵ˼󣬱СһˡϪ˵Լ⡣
кҪָʾ㴩ģҲҵ˻Ὣ㵱֮˶ԴϪԴǸ˵
֣ʵûʲô˵ģǼ仰£Ҹ֪С㣬Ͼ֮սǰڴǱߵòģῴŰ죬Сרע֮ϡ
⣬ҲֵʦڣϪ
Ҵ㣬ΪϵСߵʤΣ޷С㣬ҹһ̽̽λĵסֿڽ͵
ԭϪȻϾȻ򵥣ԼܾİҪ鿴һ̵
ϪһУҵ˿ʲô⡣
ҡҡͷӦСп˵Ŀ⡣


57 ռ
, ϱʾ⼸ûʲôҪ£Сר׼Ͼ, ⼸ǳ鲻ʲôգС㰴ʱڱǣԻ˰׵˵˴۾ϪƽϿκε
Ϫü΢΢漴ͷʾˣֻתһжãĪҪ̫, ǡ
ϪףôǵԼ̫Уʱ˵ڳǰ֦ڣԲ
СĻ, ĳ, иˡһ, ת뿪, ֮ʱĿǳǳϻȻԺǽ뿪
˭һĲȤ, ҲǸĮĵģ, ȴƺмȤϪ뿪ķŤ˵
ĮȻ̧̧, ӦС, Һһ·ˡ
ƺ̫ϲ, ϪûмȤʵ㷽źֹУоΣ㿴˭ĹһЩ
Ѱ£ռϷ硣һ˼ڵ
Ŷô˵Ļʲô£ʤϪ׷ʵ
ֿϪͻһ仰ɱ˵ʱ򡣡
˵⻰ϸϸϪϵı飬Էû¶κο־ı飬ֻǻȻĵͷ״۲ٶϪ˵ȭûɱ⣬δȫ
ԭѧҲԣҵ֪ǷǼ൱ƯˡϪĵĸ̾
ɫˣסԺǰǼ䷿ǣ¶࣬Ҳ˰ɣЩȥЪϢʲôȱģͻһΪðġϪ˸Ƿתط
̿ıӰԥһ£ջѿʵСΪʲôңѵͲɹ𣿡
šҲûʲôرɣžǾ۴Ӻδ㣬ǹͱˣҪú̸̸Ǯ˵ϪһĨЦݼ
ѵû֣㶼ںҪǮҿǸˣб˲ռɵӡ
Ϫ˵⻰ڰ֣Ҳٺ̶ԣֱ˷С
վԭأ˻̧Ʋе£ڸס¹Ʋƶת뿪
Ϫƿţ֮ǰ̸ʱ˾Ѿˮ͵ڲԶȴſվţŵĶЩ˵ͻžͻײ϶Է
ϴŶͷѾˣġϪŰ˵
ȴûʱػͷʵϪռʲô
Ϫһ㶣û뵽ϷԶȥ󰲵գû´Σɲô͵˵ˣҲͰˣ˿ǻġ
Ϫ˵ҪΣգҰģ͵ģϪ۸ˡۿϪϪָʾԸܡ
ϪͶúúãҴˣռô˵ĻǲҪۻԶӦеļֵһЩ»һ˸˵£ô˵׿𣿡
ͷҡҡͷֲס
ʱĳϦദУϪ֪ӺѧҶһδ֪ﶼʮĺģȥǽеúһڣŰˮȥߴٵ˺ˣϽȥϴɣٲȥҾȥˣʱ˯ˣһ˯ɡ
һϲܺϪһ˯ԡͰȥһһæҵ·ϪûĸʰűǱߴһˮ
Ϫֱӣ˦ڵϵһԣȥϴſԡͰϣ۽ŵʵϪ˯Ҫ˭˯
Ϫһʱ֮侹֪˵ʲôãѲСһ˯ͬе𣿻˵Ϊ˫Ե˯ϰף
Ϫ𻰣ԵЩżˣԾԾԵԡͰ˵ϪұˣңҸռˣбˣҵı˶㡭
ϪæǰˮУƲͷ˵Ҳұ˯ԼҾһ˾޵ģ⣬Ψһһͬˡ
ಢǷҪһ˯ģҾǲͬҲұˣģҲȥϴһҾͻ
ϪĻش𣬰ʱˮУͷЦǾͺãϪǲͱ˯ҵıҲܸϪռҪϪģҶԡ
ͷ΢΢ĲϪۿ۰ԼԼСԷץţշεƿۡ
ʱͻȻЩȣϪҵôȣ˯ʱҪǵÿСȴ˼ɼ䣬ˮէ֣һŴߵϪΪʲôңҪϪ뿴ܿˡ
˵ʱʪȵϢϪĶϣĽֱȥٵĴܹϪÿһ䣬֪Ϊβȥ˿̵ݣԼ̵գϪĵĶŶ
Ų·ϪһʱҪȥڷ䣬գۼܵԺУһͷײ˸ɳŵϡ
ۿϪҪײԼۼֿһѷסϪɫС㣬ʲôˣɫȥͬѰĪǲˣ費ҪҴ򣿡
ϪվӣЩεһ˵£ǾЩȣҴ˿ɫܲ𣿡
Ҳ˵ɫĺܣֻδЩ̫м˵ģСӦղǡʵ˵
Ϫ򴽵˵ͷЩϢ򶨵Ļصԭ׼ϴĸݡ
ϷźϪĳһԼգôһûзǰˣϵȥϪԼûԡͰУôʱ䣬ԡͰеˮѲʼǰˡ
ڴ˿̵Ϫԣ΢ˮµʣͰϣϪǣŷŵĻ棬ɻԼôˣôʧ˷磬ǰһ磬⼸ȴΪš
Щʱھ¥ʱԼľֹƺԼư㣬еԵɵʲô
ϪԺ̻ȥֱˮû⣬Ϫ˸ҲûһĽ͡
·˽һʰúϪصԼķУߣְۣ˿Ȼڴϡ
˼£ϪԼ̬ȥٵҪκͰԼŵľֹͼͷڴϣ˿˯㡣
֮ǰǵʱȻϪεҡҡͷӸǺãԼҲϨ˴
ϪڴɺãԱһO@ʱ𣬽һߣĸ첲뻳Уû˶
Ϫ̽ԵĻһӦĳǳûбĶ
Ȼոյľֹǰ˯ʶľֹϪƣӽ͸¹⣬ϸϸ갲ݡ
һֻȻɵÿһǡ֣ôǻһ۾Ұٿͣ ôʱ䣬ɻʱʱи̾ڲ֪УϪ㿴ԡ
̲סᴥ˴գܵʵĴУ㴥㣬ҵ㲻ġ
ǸܵϪĶ Ϫĸ첲ϲ˲䣬ͻȻĶĪЩϪŵס˺ȴͻȻŰ߽Ϫ˯ҵģǶ
ǡϪûסЦСһﻹȨ
һ±ϪҲо˯ϮڰĶͷһǣЦŽ硣


58 
, Ϫ˱ȥѾͷķ, Ѿͷһϵַ˴򿪵ҩɫȥ˲١
Ϫ˹ѾͷҪ´Ϫڰʾô鷳
ԭǶסһ䷿ģΪ˵ԭŽѾͷõշڣѾͷ䷿Ҳܻ, ϪͰ£ҲӰ˵ĶԻ
ôӿɺЩˣϪʵ
лСģµġѾͷͷص
Ϫһֿۣ˿һѾͷİҹ̸¾ֹ, ʶһЩ, ġ
ѾͷϪѾһŵ˽, ΪѾͷ, ȥѧá
ǰѧãÿջгʣµĳʳһѧñߵ, һʱĽѧ, ѧõƣżлһְ䡣ѾͷʵĻش
뵽ʲô, ˵֪ѧ, Ⱦȥֹ, ұ㲻ȥˣʶòࡣ
ϪȻĵͷһԵİᡣ
ѾͷӲ˲̧Ŀ˰һַɿĵͷȥ
ҪԶţǰ⼸ĶˣĽáϪ˼˵
û˵ԼҪȥǣʱˣҪϾԼηεֽ׶вɸ֪ˣǼеҲ֪©ķ֦ڡ
Ѿͷͷԥһ£лҪ˵ȴû˵ڣֵͷȥ
лҪ˵˵Ҳ᲻ˡϪѾͷı仯ԴӾºѾͷıѲʼǰ㾲Ĭǿʼ𽥱ֳ
ūС㣬Ը⽫ū£Ѿͷɻ˵˳ʵϪĬ˵̬ȣһֱ֪òʳڣҪ׼̤ʵ
~һЩԭ򣬲㽫¡ϪĿϰ޵գգۣʱϪ˼Щ˼ſϣ۾͵͵Ϫ
û뵽ϪĿеõĴ𰸣ѾͷһʱЩڴ֮ǰϪĻﻰ⣬͸¶ŽԼ˼ʧжʱѾͷͷ
˵ʹϪԸߣ佼ҲὫߣԿԺһͨˣﻹϣԸϪߣѧʶ࣬ǿ˻Щġ
ֵ˭ߣʻǾ棬Ϫ佼Ҳֽ׶õѡ
ϪѾͷйĴۣЩǿģҲעֻһ
밲ȱźģԺ͸ڰߣķԸˡϪ˵
⻰һٿֱӣѾͷʱ̧ͷ˶һɻĿϪ
⻭мֻϪ̲ס֧Դͷ¶Ц⡣
˵ҵŮʵֻаһȻҲʱҪ֧ʹȥ㶨Ҫǵãۺʱĵһ˳λҪʱҵҲԷ
ҪȷʵЩ̣ģͷһ㿴Σ
ϪѾͷͬ⣬ȻǸҵŮȻҪ˫ͬ⣬ŻᾡģѾͷԸ⣬ҲѾͷߡ
Ϊɽˮˣû뵽ȴһ壬̶յʱ䣬˶ĳϪ԰ӣ˵ⷽΪѾͷŰ˵˾ǸϪѾͷвͬ
ѾͷͷϪ˵ӵܶΪ˴ĵ֪öһЩϸպԻ֪
Ѿͷûʲô⣬ϪЦŶ԰˵ȻˣȡְɣܲôѾͷѾͷĽС
ԼҪ֣ѾͷҲĿ⿴򰲣Щڴ
ϪкöʣǿϪЦеݣѾͷɻѹ£˳Ϫ˼
......գһȻ̽ԵĿѾͷ˵ҽɺ𣿡
Ѿͷһ㶣һŮֶϿںýΪȣõ֣ҲȡԳۣɺҲûоܾķݣֵĶҲмֻϲԺҲֵˡ
ɺǸ֡ϪЦЦڰĴ𰸸϶Ҳ뵽ȡȷʵаص㣬չ벻󺣡
߶⣬ĵͷЩ
ɺЪŰɣǱˣŵӺЩˣʻӺ̣ǻġϪڰɺ´ͱ𣬴Ű뿪ˡ
ֻʣ˵ʱ򣬰Ϫ¶Լɻ󣺡ϪΪʲôҪɺң
ϪЦЦŰ˵ɺأСĻ⣬ԶΧ˵仯оֹеǱں壬ȳҪЩ
ȼķϪֽߵĳϸϸãмԺǳ⣬ǲʱӰ룬ҲʱҲиտҲŷġ
Ӻӣ˼Ůϸ壬Ҳ಻㣬ɺѡ
鷢Ϫָ⻮գڰıǼϣ˵ˣﲻи˲ϣ߸ˣԺɺ㣬֣ҲΪڣˣ
ϪĻϪָžĴС̣յĳۣϪģһץסϪָ¶һõЦݣٺ٣⡣
Ϫûޣ˳ָûֵĴ㣬ڼУҲŶԷȥˡ
⼸գ˯һŴ⣬˼û̫ܵľֹҹҲΪæµͷ˯̫ĽӴ
ϪݣЩ֣صץָʲôΪĶһ㣬ϸϸĦϪָڣһϣȻϪĴ¡
ԭδкϪŰĶ̲ס򴽣й˵ζϷһ⣬ڲĵĺˡ
ȣϪԵĿһⰲСмܲסֻץץָô˺ߡ
ϪֹĶʱȴʱת˸˳ƺϪʮָ۲ڶˡ
ϪŰһ޹ĻԼĻںͷջһε̾Ϣ
°׵ϪٴδŰص˺֮ϣβ
ʱݼţܿеӱ㵽ˣһʰ׵
һ磬ϪŰţеĻлӺ̣оǿϵɺɺӾ⼸յǺõ߰˰ˣ·ϲûʲôػҲӰ졣
ԭϵΪеģϪȰǵĲƺƴĳУ֪ǲһ㣬֮Ҳ̫˶Ŀϼֻ͵ſڱ㲻ٶˡ
һ·ڣϪһûп֡
㣬ʲôأҲŶ
ϪҲƣ֮ǰ˵ʲôòģֻҪʱ˾ͺãôʲôû
Ҳڼɻ䣬һڳʶȥֻԶӲԶϪˣһϲһ·СϪǰ
ϪĬȻĿţ³һ仰ŴϾˣ


59 
ӭ, ˵죬Щ͵ƲƲ, 䱸Ϫ࿿һ˫۵Ŀţʣµ̺ɺǰŲǲδ档
̻Щ֪Էǲ֮ˣûʲôӦǱ߲鿴ɺǰŮڰϪ󣬿㷴Ӧ, ̧ۿһۣǰԣԷҪʱüʱ
ϪĵŵΣǰȷʵ˵ϾԼȥ˵, 񿴶Է, ȻѾҹ, ҵõ˶Է׿, ڸǳΪⷬϾĽͷˡ
Ϫʹ˵ⷬϾĶ, ǰձһ, ҽպǻһŶϪ¶һº͵Ц˵
ϪͷԷֵʱ, ΢΢üû˵ʲô, ŵĻ, ²ⷬ⣬ȻԷһϲ㲻Լ֪һ
ǵˮ̫δ뿪֮ⷽصͷ࣬ǻҪѧϰעģһ˾̫֮˳ԼЩ˶Լ֮
Ϫ⼸λǣųɵϪĶ
Ϫع񿴵Щε飬Ŀע⵽˿ĶţҲ֪ǲĴܾðɴµ죬˿ĥ
ԭЩǳ˼ʱɢȥ٣Ŀ¼ֿŰЦеŮǱҵл
ſϪϵЦݣĿһֱ΢Ŀ͵ػعЩ˼
ɺźۼ̾˿ҪԼӿҪͲסӣǰ²һҪֵӣʱĳѣⳡǾͲ̫ÿˣЩϪ֮ǰ˵ӺͳЩͬǺ˼ˡ
Ϊΰ㣬ҿָۣ˵ǰֻУһҪĻ
ԻͷߣϪҲ̣˶˸Ϫڵʲô
Żȡһòŵĳ״ʲݸ̣̿ϪϪͷֽӹĲƥ¶һĵ
ĿһסγʱһĵĺâȻⳤŹӵ͵Ϫ˶ĳһѲɶĵĺõ
Ϫµ߽˼ע⵽˵д֡īʡѰǲڱ߸֣ǰ⵶Ȼֵơ
˵ʲôţһȻ㡣ϪЦ
̽ŻصУȥеϲ֮ɫСĪҪȤң̵ֻȻҲΪСԭ򡣡
ϪӻһԵżлᷢԣæ廰ԣֻ˵ӦóʹûгֵıѵʹҰѵ˹
˵ˣϪҲ֣תڵȻ°ɣ´μ˻ȥˣǸϽɣɺͰһݳ
һæչ㣬أô죿
Ϫһָָۣε˵ЩһһһܲҪŮӼһɣ
ӿţĵ˵ҲԸǸϳ
ĥĥģϳ̸ϵĺãϪûģίͰ͵Ļӣʾ⻢ӵԼǰ
ԴչȥϪ˵ôҪһϾ֮ǰô߰ˣȻôǸϳϾ£ΪʲôһΪʲô
Ӷ䶯˶ɻüͷȻϪĿ£Ȼ㣬˵͵ǵΡ
Ϫһסӵ죬û˻Ͻȥ
»ûԹԣ㣬ģһóѵģ
ŻֵĴһȥ̵С㣬ˣ費Ҫһ¡
Ϫڰ֣νСô·ܵҵʡڣ㲻̫档˵⻰ϪŰԵ
ϳ󣬱ʽǰǣֽĹݣȻҲشϱߣǾϪڵ壬ŲСľ롣
һ·ĳ;棬֮ǰ֮ˣǻѰ¶࣬ҲϪ˽֮²ŽԽʱˡ
ҪˣҲ֪ǷѾڳڵȺ򡣡ϪĴһǣš
ſڻЩ룬ﲻнĵ·Ҳȱƽ٣ǾǾǺͱ𴦲һ㡣
Ϫһ߸пһע⵽;ֵƺһ·Щ񱱱ս½ţЩӦ
ӲȥڵûҲûǷİЩˣǲҪ࿴ܡ
һߺĽ⿴ʱ·;ļţϪ˸Ľ⣬Ѿʼǰ㲻£ʢĺȴһû١
ϾҪˣڻĪҪ̫ǲȱ𴦣Թ洦ɼһСľͻ鷳ǳէҪСЩϪŰȻֽĿɺϡ
ɺͷʾԼ֪ģϾտðͷְ𣬶ɺҲΪԭӾʱϪˣ˵ЩôԴöȶϲ٣˿ȥԲЩҲϴ˼֣ʹûһȺǼʡ
нٶһҡκͣס㴫ʻϪ֪سǵʿʻ
;ǰسǵʱҲйƵԽǿǱԽƵҲ⣬ѰʱڣսʱҪӷҪǷеоϸǱڡ
һʿۣϪ˵϶ͣһַӣΪԽǵϪˣȴʿ̸ֺ̼
ǻдԵ̽ζϪ˼䣬ǻŵ˼ɵüͷָſʾĪҪϽⷬҪ̲顣
ͷ˵һֻͷһ߸ǰɣϽĽȥǵ¡
Ϫһ㶣ͳϵİɺɺûжı仯ǰЩĿԼҲע⵽˷ʿĻ
߸ˣһҲˣĵˣ
ȻУϪֻѹʣȵȽͷʲô
ʻһʱ䣬ϪѾ뿪˳Ÿʱҿ̷ŵǶһô¡
ֻһҿӣӳȴϤףһİݡ
һ磬ݿ͸ţһ˫һĳЦ
λС㣬ˡð߶дţ¡


60 ľ
˭
סϪػǰ, ϪȻŶԷʵ
˵ûԱǲĻ, ǺС㲻ʾǲҲǳƽˣЦеĿŰػ
˵ĶԻعϪüֹס˰ĻͷſڱҪۿŮòŵԣλĹأ
ԣ˵ԵĻȻ֮ɫǶϪĻ⣬漴Ӧ³ç, ľ壬еСĪ֡
ϪɵĿˣϵţϳʽ, ̸Ҳ, һ֪, ̷ȴ˲Եȵǳ, ľһ֪˵
С㣬˷ڳſڳʿ֮ʣǽ, ΪǺһĻ, Сŵ͵£ֲڳſڵ, ұûв̽ͣ, ع˵
ϪԵͷ, ľǲõЦݣ˵䲻֪˭Ǻ㣬ǵĿĿҪ֮£
ľһ㶣漴°ʹ˵ǣСң
ţҹӣʹδǣҲбķӽǣȻ˵ʲôʲôպ£ҲΪٲŴ˰ˡϪ̹׵˵
λС㣬⣬Сҷģûк֮ģҲǡľȻϪĻ˵ˣмȻ˫ۣ¹ǻ۵Цݼ˵
ֻľĻû˵㱻ϪϣҲ֪㾿Ϊʱ֪һ㣬ұ㲻⣬Ի빫Ա㣬ˡҵȲд
Ϫ˵⻰һףнһק𲽣ľ޷ǱĴӳϵȥˤڵأ漴ȻĿﳤȥЦ˼ӵ˵ϵĳЩζ°͡
Ϫص֮У³һŸսǱ㷢ֲ⾩ǲǺɰٴ֮أ߻ӣ֮µ治١
̧ǡÿ˸ǷϪ¶һ˼ЦݣϪֲȥ۽ǵỨٵȵȣϱ㵽ջˣѵǣɺúϢգٷ¶ˡ
§Ϫĸ첲˲䣬ǿû£Ϫһ˼ҲЩ
½ϴԽãͱ֮ǰԽӶ£˵ϪԽӷİ½ϵҲ۰ֶ£ԭ͸ǰǵĻš
ûãһ̵ͣ洫С㣬ջˡ
ϪӦȻŰİ˵ǵˣҪ˯ˣȽ˿ջ˯
˸Ƿ¶бϪǣ³ʱŲ˸գɺʰϵûע⵽״ǺϪԭǣŰ֡
һ£Ϫǰסӣڰһ·Ϫʱﾫһ
Ϫ˳Ľ뻳УΪһûüվӣǱӡһĨǴжݵͣ󣬱ջֻɢǳǳͶ߰ССľ
ϪŰڵһԵ̳ʵС㣬ûˣ
ţţû¡ϪĵĻص
ſϪļͷŽЦ⣬ָᴥϪĶСϪ
ϪӲ˲Ʊһæɿ֣ðվصϣĿ⻮ݣһ죬ԼЦЦƸղŵСⲻһ㡣
Ϫ΢΢ܿĿ⣬µķ˿ȥͨĶ⣬öЩȴֲ֪ΪβִۿɺѾʰ׵ŤȽȥɡ
ϪͰ˷ַ˵СϪ򴽣Щյ룬ԼǲأֻС±㶯ҡڵĶˡ
һߣΪǰͷû⵽ľڵźͻӣڿջڵȺ򣬴ʱϪһ˵ŵӭϪ˵ŵҶѾźˣ¥ϱǼˡ
Ϫ˵ͷص·Щµһ¡ľ£ֱ˶¥
Ϫ·ߵʱ򷽲ŵòĻδƽУĴɫһżֳԵĿϪһʱ˵
ϪİŴ㶵ı鿴˸ڵ¥̤󣬵ע⵽ʱ򣬰Ѿߵǰæҵÿ˼ûˤڵء
ȫȻŵ״ĿбӵĸϪʧ¥ݿڡ
ŷߵվȽţ뿪ķ򣬺͸·ߵĻӱԹҵǵˣĸо㲻
Ķӻ˭漴Ӧ˵ǰ
ЦһƮƮ˵ҽ裿ʮĸ鶼ûƾ㣿ǡ
ҡҡͷŶ¥ȥˣŲֹʲô裡ҵʲôˣҺϪһ󣬺ϸҲú磡
˵⻰Ťɺվ࣬ЩεĿһʵزأɡ
ɺľҡҡͷ˵ͷϹˣŮҵʲûʲôͷãūڵ¥ȥ
Զʱع񣬼æó·ȥ̣Ͻ뿪εĵط
ȴû뵽ɺͣ½Ų˵ϹӣˡūֱԣӮ˵ģЩĺá
ɺ˵⻰һײٶԣҲת뿪
ԭأһſǵͨ죬ٶ˵ʲôˣֱȥ
ɺһ·ϵ¥˵ԼԼһ䷿ͿϪͰվһ䷿ſڣɺվţϪ˿̰Ǻα飬ɺ֪ķǣϪͨպε顣
ɺװûģϪȴʱֻۣϪ΢΢һ㶣漴Щҵĳʹ˸ɺڸԼʱͷϪʾķȥпϪקŰɿĽķš
Щ壬ɺĬĬ룬ˣҲ˵ʱǺιϵɷû˲еĻᣬϣܽĻȥǷģתҡͷ뵽ǵһϹʲôǰԼķ֮²ǡ
ôţɺŤ͸߹Ļײ˸ţһĶʱڵϡ
˼̫ղסˡӴӵһߵǸһ߼æȥʰϵĶ
Ӷ̫죬ɺֹͿԷһ½ԭأһǵͨ죬һһϵľ˵һŮӵĨأֶĺɸһ㡣
ɺ˻ӵûסŤЦָֻܿ򶨡
ô죬⣬⣬˭ģҽ㣬ɱҵġӽͰ͵Ŀɺ˵ۿŶҪˡ
ɺȹվŻ֣˵ӣصģū澵ģ㻹ū澾ˡ
һɺģϵı͸ˣԼǰôö֮ţ߶µİ·˻ȥɰͰ͵³֣Բ𡣡
ɺӹ·ĽĶʰãۻŤŤվԭصĻӣʹ뿪Ȼָӵγʲô
ӿɺҪߣİ͵ĺʲôҵĴҸǸҪʲôȥ򣬻ʲôģҲԸҡ
ɺŻһصӣǼ·ū澵治⣬ҲĪҪˡ
˵ˣ˵˾˵⻰ӱһ¥ݿڱȥߵֻ˵ʲôԳʲôū澲ū澵ˣܣҽҲģͣ
ŻǱıӰɺգգۣӡ
Ĭһɺٶ
ӡ


61 ֤
ϪŰص, ŰɵĸһСĿԼ, ɷ̾˿
֮ǰֱϵ¥ϣǰģԼȽ׵ˣٴԼ£ſڵŰ
Ϫû뵽ǣŸһҪͰַߣʱԴǲſڵ£ϴ, ˵ԼˤǹģȷʵеС˼档
ϪͰͣԼ˵ֿסֻǵĳΪܰϢǣԺҪæ, Ȼʵʱ԰Ϊ, ҹ˵Ҳ, Լһ䷿, ȻǻܵӰġ
ûϪڵĻᣬίʡԼĹ˵ȻϪһֱһ, ȴҪ, ԼһֱϪҲûҪ˼, ûס
ϪŰĻԽԽֱ, еĸǵصչʾǰ, ߵ޷ֱӰݣǡʱɺ¥ݿڣۼûҪס˼ô⻰ȥŹ˲ԵģȽק˵
еԼ䴫ϸ΢УڵԼ̬İϪ±飬˵ģղŵûзϣ
ϵıʱһɣ漴ɻ̧ͷϪƺʲô벻ס
Ϫ״üʵôˣ˵ﲻ𣿡
ϪǰһʵϪҵʲôѵϪΪͿ£
԰ʣϪʱ׷ԼĻ壬óԴ˺ǲã⻹ǰһζԼæ͵Ҳ˼˵ڰҲᣬҲΪղ
ҲΪºḡΪǧҪҵ˼
۾ϪϪŵעУ˵ѣϪҪǲᣬǾϲΪʲôϪң
Ϫһ죬֧֧˵û˵ѣ˵ģֻǡ
ϪҲһʵ˵һʱ˵ԽðϪϪ֤ҿңңҪ
˵ţָԼĴϣ˵⻰ʱҲ̲סһ죬ִŵĿϪһ˫۾峺ҫۡ
ϪЩĲ࿪ۣǰȴûҪŹ˼Ϫתǲ˳˰⣬һǹȥˣҴ˿̷ֻ̹ҲŤ
ôϪֿ򰲣һŰǱߴ˹ȥ;Ű˫ڳٳߵֺһЩ۾ϡ
Ϊʲô˵ǰۣΪͿϪˡ
Ҳ㿴ңҲ˼ϪֻоĶǺһķɿ죬Ҫôȥһ˵ܲסԼŶӡ
С̣ϪòͬԼҪڿײ֮䣬òЭıۡ
ۣϪ˿Ȼٶȿ˹ȥһĶĳ棬ȫۡ
Ҳ֪ǳڽŻǺߣϪԾһ£Ȼ䵽Ĵϡ
ڴһ˲䣬ϪĲһ£漴֮ǰĶͻȻʧˣƮƮļ¶
ϪĶǰİʧķΧУ鲻ԽĸۣȫĵȥᴽϵĴС
һʲôĸоʹܸоڶԷϢĽЮУеģͷӯЩȸԾ

ϸ΢Ϫ˼͵ػعŷֲ֪ʱѾ˰䣬һţæֵ˼˼ľ롣
˫ۣһˮЩʧĿϪãգǰһָᴥϪĴϣָĦţһΪʲôϪ׹ʱرĸоϪĸоһ
һϪ˿̽Ĵϣӻѹ˹ȥ
ϪͻȻ쳣ǿƵİʶĴ˸£ĳطиڸԼﱻѹǿԼ
˵õ㣬Ҫң˿ģǻҵ˼ʵЩģϪϰգԴ˵˵
һйȻЧˣһ»ָĵģæҡͷǵģֻǺϲϪ׽ңǲϪ˼
ָԭ״ϪҲαװȥԼˣСֶεǸ⣬ԴװգЦȻǸϽʰɣɺһѾϵˣȥ
˵ЩϪƹֱȥ⣬Ϫ뿪ıӰ𼸷Цݣͺܿģ˵ԼģϪƭˡ
Ϫߵ۵ĹսǴǽڻ³һԼĿڣ૵鵽ô£

ڿջһкϪҵţѯȻѾ˾ǣûн£ԷԼţӦ쵽ǡ
ϵû˵Ҫֻ˵ǵ˾ǱĴƣǼʶоǾǵǣǵԺҪü·ģ˵ҪĻʣ֪õĳµļҡŻĽػ
Ϫͷ˿ԼϵȷʵǵҪһЩطķԶƫԶĺԱģǴ⴩ȷʵЩʣȻѾ뵽ˣΪβڳǰһ
뵽Ϫָ㣬ͷȻ˵ˣǾģȥð켸Ȼٵһָʾ
ŵͷϪİŲû飬µദϪ֮Ĺϵ࣬ǿͨѵķ롣
Ϫ˼ŸҪһӣͣ½Ųʵ㲻˵ΪѰֳѵ˾ǣ㲻ӦüɶѰ𣿡
Ÿͣ²ĵ˵˵Ҳ֪ҸӦȴ̽䣬ֻǳǰ˵æ̽Ѱһ£źһ˵׻ǵȵϵϢ
ϪĬȻŵĻҲһ·֪ȻڱսµԭܵӰ죬Ǿطû⵽̫󲨼Ҳ̫˵İȫ
źԼһ⾩ǳէڹϴ̽ϢδעĿĻظϾھǣϵЩҪĶࡣ
Ϫٶԣջϰǰſڵƹģ㣬⾩ļҳµѺã
ƹ˱̧ͷϪһЦλ͹٣ǵһϾɣ
ϪЦЦ˵ͷӦѽԶδ⾩ȱҪЩѱֻˡ
͹ĪҪģҪ˵⾩ǣõĳµǲ٣ǰЩµ궼ڳһ飬òЩ¿֯󣬵ǽ⣬֯䶼󣬵ͷȴһ٣ҪĿ࣬򷽱㡣
͹ȥһյĹһҡ
ƹĸָĳµ꣬Ϫл󣬱¥Ұһȥ֯󿴿
·֯ҲĸȤһҲĵ棬ȴѹǵ̣Ϊ˿Ƽѡ걳ϰⶨȻһס


62 ֯
λ͹Ǻ, ǵһ֯ɣ겻ṩ, ҲԶ·ṩͻŵķ񣬻ѡҪʱԷԸڵĻơ
ſӭŮӹŵЦݣϪڣ·ʱǡôļҪ˵㲻پһ˻صԭȵλá
Ϫ˼ĿŮӣֶԷϵʽǡҲڵڿͬ, Ů㣬ֲվŵĻҲ㡣
Ӧĳ߶Ҳǰյǡôȫĵǰ㣬һűٰڵѹ²òһ, ֯ʱ˵ҪϢ㲻ٳ, Ƿι˿ڵж
, Ϫ⵽, ǺڵĻѯʻǱԹ֯ڵ˶ᱣһ̬ȸӦ˺øж
صĴ֮, Ϫ, ˵Щ̬ȱ΢˵г޿, ʹԷ̬Ⱥ, ϪЩƵҲ»ɫ, ɺԴ
Ϫÿ˵ϪջؿĿ⣬ָķ
һڸߴѣʽȷʵӱɫõкɫϪֻһ۱֪ΪʲôϲѣΪ·ɫ뺣ˮɫ
ò˵֯ڿջƹνӲ󣬵Ϫһ˵Ҳټһᵽˣǵ⾩֮ˡ
֯ڿռ÷ǳĳ֣Ϫʹӵ治Ҵ󣬵ǶҲֻ಻١
ϪŸߴѣ˼ȡʱĻͻȻѯʵ͹ٿǿͷǼѣҪԴȥΪȡ
ڻƵķӦϪͷʾͬ⣬Ƶ뿪һˣеͷǰǼѣǰǼɺúõڸߴ
Ϫ֪Уһĳµ꣬ҲΪƷڷڵڵˣߴȻԸ˷ƣ·úȡ
ֱ֯ó˳£Ϫ˵ҹۿ͹ٵΣȡʺϵģ͹ٿȥڵ¼Դǲٸµġ
Ȼڱʽĳ£֯ʱһ㣬ǾǵĵҶ⣬ԼټˣϪв뷨
Ϫлѡ˼ʽɻƴȥν¼䣬ڵ̵Ķ¥ľһ¹ЩСӣʾϪѡϹſľʹñǡ
˶Դ㿪Žȥʱƺס˰ѵ͹٣ѣ֯еĿʽ·ʽѰ·ЩĻҿԽȥԴ
ҪŵϪһͻӦʱѾŰһ¼Уֹ¼š
գۿЩϪɻϪôˣ
Ϫһ㶣Цһ˸˵õм̫㣬֡
ͷѽҲϲϪ˿ĶԣӦæ
ĳϪЦЦԼе·˵ǣո˵·Щ鷳Ϫͽˣǡ
˵ʱ򣬰ͻȻ·һ㶣ȻۿϪڵ֪ˣϪǲǲҴ·Ҳϲһ
¼䱾Ͳһ浹Ǹոպã˾ԵЩˣϪƵ¼һǣЩȻıߣԼû뵽һ㣬ʱͷֻЩ죬һ˱Ѿˡ
ϪҪ㣬˫ֳ¼ǽڣϪԼǰ׷ʵϪشҡ
Ϫ֨˵ֿεӦǵġ
ʱȷʵûж룬ڻ룬ͺͰ˵һһ뵽Ҫڱǰ½ﲻһδ·ϵģٺ˰ѧԼ·ɺźһֱ˯һݣ⴩µҲδõ˴ֹ
ͨؽڣϪŰСѽҺͰһϲñ˿ʹ㡣
۾ʱЦĽԼ´ϪУ˵ϲϪϪҴ
Ϫ´һ뵽ֻҪԼᳶͻᱻ£ͻȻ¼ͷһȵԼץ´֣֪ķ֣־ȻĲæһְֻסиԼ侲
ǿȥʲôϪһסļ˵ҪѧԼȶֳԣ¶Ҫ˰æǲеġ
ϪˡȻ˵
ϪĻһ£ǳ˵ԷҵȷˣҪ֪ⶼΪãԺ׵ġ
˵°ԼٶȱǣűߣϪ뿪˰¼䣬ͷڲԶĻƣϪ£鷳ˡ
Ƶû˵ʲôͷӦһվžϪ˵ķԸ
ϪʱŸϽ˰ڵ¼䣬ԼգҰο뵽̫Ӧʲô
ʱ䣬Լ԰鵱ԽˣЩҲʱз˵ҲЩ˵㣬ѲΪ⾩ǣİĵطľ˱仯Լ԰ǿҵռ
⴫˻Ӽ˵Ϫҡҡͷ֪ԼҲøϽѳȥˣȻͷ̫ע⡣
¼ڻһͭڿ˸ܹ͵ԼģϪžеԼḧϵ·
ܸܵ·ŵϸܣϵϳˣҪǿʽӱ⾩·ǺͱûȣҲѹǰһ۾ͿһأǵΪֹʧ֮װѾ¶ǡ
»õ·߳¼䣬ϪҲ΢΢ЩȸԾĳ֣Χ̱֮͹٣Ѻʺ
ֵĿ޷øУϪһ·壬ߵ𣿡
ѾõĻӼ˶ʱΧ˹Ϫ
治ҽ㣬ģ
С㣬·ܺʡ
ɺûж໰ҲŻӺ̵Ļͷʾͬ⡣
Χ˶ҫϪЩ˼ЦЦߵ¼ſѯʰˣ˳뿪ҵķΧ
Σ𣿡
ϪѯʲûеõĻӦٴѯʵʱ¼ſһ죬˾ͱק˽ȥ
ǱվȽźϪü·İ·ǴˣмЩŤ
Ϫ㿴ҴĶԲԣקϪ֣ŤŤϪܸõļ顣
Ϫǰ鿴һ£ְŰŪĵط˹Ȼ˺һЦˣȻǰֻҪ־һ
žգȻŲϪƤʵϪÿ𣿡
Ϫһ㶣ȹڰڶ΢΢ִؽűߣǺ˽£Űգ·һ̾ͻСС¼
Ϫ۹һᣬӦÿ
һЦҪ˵ϪٴοڵȻÿ·ֻǴҪ
죬Ϫô֪Ҫ
ϪȴЦЦ۰ߵ鷢¼ץŰһƳڵߣü΢Ϊÿˡ
ϪͻȻȥ˼Цݣֱߵɴ´ϣתҪ¼䡣
԰ͻ̬ת䣬Ϫɻץס󣬽ŵʵôˣ
ûпϪϪڷҳȥȻҿɾҪˡ
ʲôϪɻ׷ʵ
΢΢бۿϪĿһ˵
Ϊڷǳ㡣


63 ²
ǰϵ¼, ϪԼԭƵƣĵĲʧص
͸ŷ쿴ۻδ¼Ϫ, ɴµһȣ漴ɺ
ɴȻμѣҲϪ֮ǰǰע⣬кɴյ͵۳ߴ
Ϫ󣬲¼кƹȷԴ£ȻָָڵһЩ·ʾЩҲҪˡ
һһҪ, ȻʹϪ·ǷҪĶĵطϪڵԵƬ̣ȥĲ÷촦Ը˴뿪ˡ
Ϫٴθ̾֯ЧʹȻܸߣ۲֪ʱɺڵйİȻḧ, ûйȥһ
λС, áʱһ˵Ϫ
ϪĿ, һɫŮ, ߻һѾߣָϵ·ʵðһ䡣ϴĿǱŵǼѡ
Ůϵ鲢ûж⣬ӦǵĿ, Ϫͷ
Ȼ, ǰұѲȴʺ, տС㴩˺, ʵûסǰˡŮĽĿϪϵ·, ĿЩϧ˼
ϪŮӵĴ̬ŮӳӦ˳ŶԷĻ˼䡣
˵ãСĸҵʺϵȴ֪СǺʵʧСŮһ֡Цʵһ̸ϪĹ۸мѡ
ϪϪҲڣ󷽵˵Լ֡
ϪǸ֣⾩ǳ󣬻δŹС㡣Ϫɻ
ϪЦЦŪֱߵӻǵһǣСȻǲʶҵģ֯Ҳǵһѵǲ
Ϫǵһǣ¶Ȼɫ漴Դ˵С֪ˣ˵⾩֮УӱȱȽǣ֯ȴһġ
֯ſӣȴŵĺѸ٣ҲԽԽҲ⿴ǱȲЩֺţӵȴ⾩ǵһλġ
Ϫϵ쾪ȵ벻֯ĶҲλֶεҹС֯˽Ƴ磬Ѳ֯Ķǣ
Ϫ⻰֣æ͵С⻰ɲ˵Ȿ£ֻǡ
˵һ룬Գԥ漴һ֣˵ʵҲʲô˵£֯Ķʵһﶼ
ŶǣϪȤȷʵ֯ϰЩȤ
֯ô⾩վȽţΪ̵ǻС˵
ѲǻʼҡϪĻδ˵꣬ͱڴϡ
С㣬⻰ɲ˵ڣ
࣬ϪǸʾԼʧˡ
ʵͷµҲӣҲҷŵĻ˵ĲСᣬʵ׼ȷ˵֯Ķֽ񻧲ĶŮӯɡ
˵ûϣ˵СˣѴСĿеõ׿ӡ֤ԭ֯ãСǻĶŮȻҪ˲¼ɵģСŮǶŮ˲£Բû̫ķ粨
ұȴС㣬һŮȻеʶʵСЩ˼
ϪҲͷһҲδ뵽֯󱳺ϰ徹ŮЩϧ
ҲΪСģСǸжر㲻ˣνĲôǾãСΪŮʹٺãҲԼĸס
˵ĸֱһЩ֯ǻƵֶΣֻǽԼŮ˸ӡ
ʵϪʹЩ붼ƣҲ̫µ£ǶΪ֯ٺãҲΪСļױש߰ˣɲʲô
뵽صĺ壬ϪЩ죬ȻҲ뵽һ㣬Ҳӿ𼸷꣬ڰ˵˵ЩˣʶСҺǸˣձ㲻߶ˣ´Եٻᡣ
ϪǡʱڵĻҲĺõ·˹ϪŻӵ̨ǮʱĿ˳ӸĲš
ۿӾҪʳǲ仰Ϫæ֮ǰǮˡ
⾩ǵ۱ȱ𴦸ߣ֮ǰѾ׼δ뻹ԶԶԤڻؿջ·ϣϪԼ˼Уûע⵽յİ
صջϪ̣һͷǮѯ̹ھǵһЩʱڲ֪йȥ
뿪Ϫǰü˼ԭ֮ǰͷҲЩźͽǣгؿļţҲĶ
֯һУǰ·ķСһλĸѣһСѾͷ÷ȴ
ǿΣѾװ׵ĸ֪һǰϵĵˣǻӣܶù
ԼӦǲǴӦ̫ˣϪͷ۵ǣ⣬ͷѾڣע⵽Լ֯һֱδš
ɺķŵһӦ𣬸С״͹٣ⷿڵĿǽȥδع
ɺûѵ¥Ϫ̧¥һ¥ŵ߹ȥʵ̣
ʱһ¥ģҴСǳ˾û˼˵Ҫȥߡ
ߣδһȥϪЩżɺͻӻӣԸǵټľУʲô˭Ҳ֪ôһϪסˡ
ǵСһΣգҰСҲԸһ⣬ִҪ£ջƹ˵δк£ӦΣգҲõһƸȥˡ̾ܵİϪ
ˣջ֮ǸΪȫϪʵ
̲ԣʵԣϪӣ֪УϪİΣǰڵһλģѡҲϪʣӦڵʧְȥѰ
ϪһѹеǸûȡˣǸҺһȥҡ
̵ɫԻӦС㲻ҵǸ˼ǲܡ
˵Ҫ뿪ջĴͻȻϪͣ˽ŲϪԷı飬ֻϪΪɤ
̣ҪǵãҪԣҶԼӣȻҵˣϣһ㣬뽫İںһλϡ
˵⻰̿ϪܹЦݣ˿̶ȻĿ͸Ųݷǿơ
֪ûӦϪĻǶ˶ǻΪ϶պҪ뻮ϪУǶǼ쳣
ˣС㡣
̵ͷӦϪĻ
ϪջĿ⣬ҲСˣҵԵɣ½⡣
ûѯϪеԵɣֻǿϪıӰ²ʶȥ²ⱳԭ
ھǴʱ䳤һЩԭʽ¼ĶˣϪŰʾԭ򲻷˵ڣԺзɿһͷ
ѲⰲССˣֹϵ
漴üﳰЦԼǷˣȻóĲ²⣬Ϫ֪˿룬̱Ҫɨسš


64 ̸
ҡҡͷ, ¼оѰҰϣǰϪȴͻȻһ, 漴˾ǰȥæϣſǰͷߵ顣
Ǻ«ӭԼϪʱһЦ֣ĻӺɺҲϪķ
ӸϪкָ̧ϪĴڣֱץס˰˫, ȻϸϸĴһżʵȥˣ
εķ֣һߵɺһۣԸоϪ̫ԡ
ЩĿϪʵ˵ȥ, 뺰һȥ, ֮ǰϪ̫, Բû㡣
ϪĶЩ, ְϪʱϪȴһͷ㿪˰, ôܾܳȥ, ֪жżѵ㲻֪㡭
˵Ϫû˵ȥ, üһ, תȻ, Ȼȥɡ
˵ߣ˼ֻͷһ޴ĿԼͣ½Ų̾˿Ű֣ʱǰץסϪ֣ŶԷǣԼߡ
Ϫ˵ϪֻǰͷЩԴСĵĽϪĲ
ӽĶջĻƣȻߵ̵ߣСʵ̣ҽôˣһûǲڵʱʲô
üϪ˵ıӰǣϣ૵Ѳɣǡ
ʲôԻں˵׷ʵ
ԭԼ˵𣿡̿˻һۣ仰ǰˡ
߶̵Ļ漴Ӧ˹һߵɺˣ϶Ϊûҽкͳ£ҽӲˣҳҲˣҷֻǸĵܵܣؼһڵĸαһ˳ɺ˵ڸô죿
ɺŻӵӣǹ˹ָֻԭģүֻΪĲ°С㣬θһģԲǸô죬ô졣
㣡𾪵ĿʩʩȻת뿪ɺԭض˶ţ޿κΡ
Ȱʵɺ˵Ҳûһ˵һӺѲɻָɺһŮҰȥվС
һ˻صջǣϪûж˵ʲôԹһ¥Ҫ˷ţ⣬һ

ʱ֣Χһһϵ˲ٵĲʳȴû˶꣬ƵƵ¥¥ݿϪԴ֮ǰصջ󣬱Ҳûгš
˵ô죿ӿÿء
ҷСţС˵عȳԾˡɺŰ˵
ɺĻͷﻹ֮ǰʣǰ봮Ǻ«ϪطҲû
̿Ű˼һʱ֮ĬϪǵĹǣ˿˲ڣǱû⡣
ʱһŲԶһɻʵô˲˲ԣڵϪأ
֯ʱ;뿪ˣߵͻȻҲδ˴к˾ȻĴڸˡ
ûİһ˵ҽ¥أȻҪһԵġ
ŵҲû룬ͷҲ¥ϴ˳㺰һ
˵¥ȥҲӿ˶¥ֹһʱȥҽ㣬ǰָñҽѵʲô
С㣬ˣǨŭ˵ġɺӹӵĻ˵
һҲҵȻ֪ҽ㲻ˣҾ......
СˡӵĻ˵һ룬̵ͻȻһ˵ע⣬ԶİһеǺ«һµ˵ϣɺǺ«һԣĿЩǵĿŰ
̣ô֪Ӳŵ˵
ջĿ⣬˵СĿˡ
ϪķڣſϪݹȥһŷ⣬˵֯˺˵ֳϢһ·뿪һֱȦӣȴֻ
Ϫӹŷ򿪣һݺܼ򵥣ֻһ仰
ΪڣϢٻء
Ϫʶʼǳ֣֮Ϣ
֪Ϣ˭Ϫţֽֽӽϵ͵ơ
û˵ò֯Ҵ֮˱㲻Ӱֻ;ܻһºۼһ·ȥһķֵšŻŰĳ˵
ϢݵǱ鷳ˣһС
ŵĻϪͷһԾƬ̣Ȼ̽Եʵ緢ʲô£ҹµӡ
ϪûнӻŴʵţ⾩֮ûʲôо⾩֮󣬾һҲδܿĵһ㹻Ǵһ˼һҸࡣ
ҲԼϵЦ⣬Ҳ⣬صǾòʻǺ£
ϪûлشȴҲûзű֪Լû´Է˼
ĿŲصϪϣԷѾ繺õ·˿װοԭ覲褵ϪصֻȥϪĹâĶԷȥʯƤʯʼչʾеļֵ
ԼΪεڲŷ֣ǸǶŮӾڣЦһԼԼ˱衣
ЦʲôϪüعŵ̬Щ
ЦԼ⾩֮кθ룬ʵӦңʱкθ롣
ԳЦЦϪЩɻ˵ʵҲ˿̵ӦʱϵĴլţ˰ǰ󣬸ںͳֱ͢ԲͬС졣
ǳ£Ҳ֣ϪûѾңңˣѾζ⾩ǵķҵû̫ĸоҲҲʱΪĺ£
Ϫ˼⻰й֮٣Էܸܲһںȴû뵽õһ
Ҳ˵һɹ־ǵʱ˵ܻٲȴҲǽҵҪ߱ģٹЩʱ򣬼ĸȰҪúðա
ϵպЩգԲİ
һߣע⵽ϪתϪнⷬԻǲҲϪЩ飬뵽˴¶Ц⣬豭һЩڴ벻֪Ϫûע⵽صĺ壬Ȱο䡣
ۣ
ϪͻȻˮ˼˿֣ţԷŲ豭𾪵ʵˮô£ôộ
ˮʪԼŵ½ϪĿ⿴ϵĲǰȵһЦһ˵ˮЩΣû˵ҵĲԣǸ㻹ǸϽطѡ
ϪȻ᲻뿪ųţſڶסԷĻͷѾյˣҲùˣٴȥϣұ㲻ˡ
žɥĽ豭˻ȥϪҡͷ豭ɣҲлл㷽ŵĻ
˵ЩϪ¹ϷţžŲ豭վⲻŵĿеĲ豭ⲻǿջĶϪ˵ùҪˡ
̾˿ս˲豭ĿڣСҲ⣬ôϪһĶ


65 
˳ˡ¥µ̶ǰɫļ˵
ͺ, ͺãҲû, ʲôҪ˵ָסĻвԼǰӡ
ǣôȥҲǸ°ܹҸȥҽ˵˵дϾˡһӣ˵
бۿһۣӼ˿ŹǵԼУ˵СѾѵˡ
⻰˼ǣѾΪ˵Ϊܵǣˣڱͷȥӡ
Щ, ۾˿ֿ˿ɺԼǰֱ꣬ģҲ˵ĺܣûȥϪ̸, ˺һ𻹺˵, Ȼû
﷢, ųԵ𾢵, ҽ㻹ûأôȳˣ
ҪٲԱˣʱС˶Ӳá赭дİѻӵĻ˻ȥ
һʱĬ, ̳, Żһŵݣ˸, ¿˵ƾ, ֻһܾ㡣
Զʱ̧ͷ, ̶Űķüҡ
˿̵İһίϣβź죬ҧӸղŻصջ󣬰ûյĻϪƣҲ˸ǰš
ȥϪȰ˵ôһܳȥ֮ͬ䣬ѡ˺ߡ
ʲôҲ̫ģҽƢˣȥֻķݣǰ㲻һڿҽС......ҽϲˣ϶ó㷢ƢġСİ˵
Ϫҽȥ϶ǲϲˡС˵
ôأҽͷϣ˵ϲˣ˵ˡץץͷЩ׾Ŀ
ͷҡҡͷûϪ˵ЩϪŵʱֻ˵һ˾
ɺһԿţֿ¥ϷŻ˵ļ϶廰С㣬Ҿү˵С鲻ֻڰС⡣
ɺ˵⻰ͼ̧ͷһģһϽӿ١
ǰ˵ŮҪģС͵ÿСȥˡ
Ϫҽȥż˵
Ҫ£һ鲻ýǾ飬СһῪŵģҰСҲҪ£˵ҪģֻҪסӣὫµġ
˵ɺǸоЩԾЩãǰѾ͵վڵ¥ݿȥ
̺סԱСնĲ̶˹ݸС绹δԹС㽫Щһȥɡ
ֽӹ̣ͻȻѹ˵С㲻صǣСǲ㣬ԸɿڣмǵģֹЩЧ
˵⻰̵ͷ˻صߣӴչȥʵ̣Ͱ˵ʲôأ
̿Żӵ˵˵СðС㽫ͷϡ
ȥӵĳеĲ̣Сĵ¥ȥ
Ϫķſڣţ˱ܾ׼ȴû뵽ͷϪӦ
ϲֵİʱŶ룬һȴϪվڴüͷһ֮ɫҲδŤͷԼߣ߰Ķʱֵȥ
ûϵɺ˵ҪģиԼ
̸ϣСϪ󣬻δڱǼһᣬҲ˲ϱģǰһӵסϪűϪ
Ϫҡһ£æַס򣬾ȵ
§סϪϪҪҵҪң֪Լˡ
Ϫ۴ֵϵˣվⴰڲͻᱻ˿ק°֣̽ȥش
ϪѳȥίȥֱǡתϪײ˸ţʱ˼ȥԵӡ
ϪҲû뵽ײŰϻ֮ǰͷˮգæǰȥִټ䶯̫Ҳ޷úñƽ⣬קŰһϡ
Ϫֱӣȥǰİôˣûˤ
ű̧ͷˤʱպײϪ°ͣʱǼ
һϪǰݣѹһ¾ͱˣߵӰϪ֮ϡ
Ϫ״Ķʱһţȥ֣ǲǺۣԣÿҿ
ʹҡҡͷΪſ޵ģϪ°ʹҲзź죬ǶԷȴһ㡣
ϪˣҺ¡קϪǰ󣬺¶Էһζ㿪
Ϫû뵽ԼΪôӰ죬ȥϵˮûж԰ֻԼˣȻҲѹġ
ҧͷˮȴûʱס˽ϪĻʵϪǲǲϲˣ
Ϫ§ŰĸŰĺԣôô룿
Ϫ˵ҽţȴԽղҲ......ƵģԽ˵Խᡣ
Ϫۣӿһԭĵľٶȴڲǣһ˵ġ
ҲǾԼᣬԼ᲻С˺㣬Բһڷ
ſԽΪҪ˵¸ҶйأҲԣʱҲѾ侲һЩղش§Ҳж
ϪĵһͣȻӦϴǣҪȥ棬һȥԼȥУ̫˽ˣҲԼ뷨Ҳһֱԡ
漴ɫһ࣬ȥһҪ˵ôһľߣ˵ҲУԼ˵
ٸЩʱգϤһ¡
ҡͷصǵģϲϪһ˵ģϪкܶ£ҾӦöһ㣬һҲ˵ġ
ӣǡ
ϪЦһȻ۵Ű۽ǣˣⶼˣɺЩҩ
̧ۣպÿϪ°ϻδ˵ĺۣԥһ£ͻȻ˵Ļ΢У¹Ϫ°͡
Ϫܸо°ʹųĴУһͰʵЩ/ǻСһڣʱֲƴǡ
˵ˣǲȡģСôǼǲסأ
ϪЩε뵽ĵսȭͷԼҪ̫°ϵĸо
ʱȴ˶ֱӣϪǰļʵɺ˵Ҫ㣬ҲᣬϪҡ
Ŵ˿ԼͷһϵİϪ򴽣ģǷŷѾŰȥĵ˭
Ϫ̾˿ӵûǰұһҾͿˡ
Ӧ§ŻеϪָڶԷĶ۾ʵϪͿ𣿡
ͺáϪƣӦһ췢̫£һٶ
ͷϪͷϣΪȻ˵ϪǲҲղϪʱҲϪĿģ
......
ϪȻۣקŰӵߡ
Һˣȥš
ĵĸϪߣԼýĲʳ˵óԵˡ
ӲɾȥµġϪͷҲص˵
Щϧ˵ǲ˷ˣֻˣܳԵġ
£ЩʱЩûӳ˾ǡ
ϪֺСµĲˡ
һֱһСĵĹ۲ϪӣϪɫ糣ĵˣʵҽ㲻ˣ
ͷӦҺˣϪ˵¥Ĳ˳ˡ
ŶУ˾УҷżҽʱĶˣģһΪڷˡظп
ϪбۿͷԵĻӣƵĿڵ˵ȥ£ԣĶġ
ӵıһͦñֱ亹ʱ߳ǣŵĿŰλεд֣ң


66 
ڵϢ⼸, Ϫ̸һ¾ǵľƣ˵, ̶ⷽ浹֪١
Ϫ⣬յȲϢҲܾôȥһ˲ۣл˵ĺϢϲܾôĻȥ辶µķӣܾ
Ļڻӵ, ϪͷҲ̧˵վˣ˵һʱֻܶ಻١
ԺĻӣҧֱӣͷϵĺˮ˳չ, Ѵʪϵ, ͼתϪע
˵, Ѿ˼, ףʲôʱܵϢ
ҶżϹʲô, ͵, ȻٷһʱϪ⼸ϣͷҲ̧˵
ӿ, Ժһͷվŵһʹɫ, ̼״, 治ɫ˵֮ǰδϰ䣬̫飬ðѻʵǶ㲻ġ
Ҳϰ䡣ӷ˸̵ۣ
Ϫʣʸ°ʹΪҲ֪ʲôб´˳ȥ棬͵øұ֤˵ø
˵˳ȥԼȥҲǽϰܲġ
бۿŻдûȼ㣬п಻СԹ֮ǰҲûķ𣿡
̹㣿⻰̵ע⣬⻰üһ֪𰸵ӡ
ָֻ䡣
ԺͻȻһͳֱһ޶
С㣬ֻˣС㻹ڷ֡ɺϪĸǰ˵
ϪͷԶ֡
ڵλǿջĺԺڲ֪ʲôʱȥҲûطһֱջš
ֹˣ˵Ǳߵ״ӦǴˣǻرĽϪɳһ
̵ִջĿ⣬ϪֵѾСȥ
֪ˣȥϪĶɺûطת氲Լˡ
ߵĶһ⻰ʱ㣬ҲȥҺһȥ
ʵţ͵㶢ϪͷҲصĻؾ˻ӵĻ
С㡣
ǰһסϪȻǲϪһȥ
㲻صģֻڣûµġϪЦЦʾԼ̵ĵǡ
ɱ˻Ҳ㣬ǻ㲻ҡһߵͻȻ廰Ŀ̵Ų
ϪЩģһü⻰ôڻϴ˵Ļ˵⻰ʱѾ뿪ѲֻżȻ
˵⻰ʱκͺһͨ£Ҳõ˭ĻӦֱת뿪
Ϫֳ˿ջĺţѾڵȺϪϳûԭ򣬷Ȥ͸̵ǰѵ
ֻգһѵǵҿżֵƣ˵˵Ҫ٣뷨ӸմաϪ⻰Ҳ˵˵϶ֲǮֻʶԷǲйʲôԨԴ
񲻸ɫ˵ǵֵǮС㿴Ÿˡ
ţϪϵЦЩӲô·ƣʱ仨Ǯˮͷ׾ݣǵôˣһʱõĳ̸ǮǻϪַ
ⷽУ⵶ļǮֻ˵ɡ
ϪĴְλ˵Էĵźޡ
öͭǮֵ˵
ԭѾ㿳۵ϪգգЩϧձˣöͭǮͲҪǮʲôʲôÿġ
ΪʲôöͭǮ⵶ãҪߵֻ֪Ǯ֪θ룬Ҫᵶ˰ɡϪԻöͭǮġ
ᡣֽӹͭǮ˵
ŶʶˣƶϪ⻰£õˣҪۻ˱ˣͷᵽǮζ
Ĵ˿ַ£漴ͣϪֵĻش𣺡ֻ
ҡ˵⻰
ϪĵķӦֵĻ⻰˼ǣ⵶Լģ־ȻȤĺá
ĻûϷˣϪҡҡͷҲ
ߵţϪһСԺǰִŶ룬Ժ߶ֻȴñڲϡ
ϪЩЦ⣬첽ߣ
Ϫˣô⼸ھǿջ񣿡̧ʾϪ˵
Ϫӵһ£ʵ˵޲Ϊӽ£֮ⷱòȻСС岻ɱģʿȱȽǣŮ˵Ŀݳ̶Ҳȱ𴦺ϲ١
ȻӴʲôУǵطˣԵñȱ𴦲һЩջĿ⣬ΪȻ
Ϫжв㻹̲סʵ֣·鷳һǷҲΪ⣿
ȻԲµûʼ硣
ѧǵģԼǵĻȴԩѧϪľص˵ҲѾûʲôˡ
ѾͷΪʦģΪʦ𣿡ϪĻûƢ¶Щɫ
С۶˭׼˵·ֺãϸһ㲻ԸˣӾúܡ
ھĶ࣬ȻϷһһ⾩˸ָƣһȥץ񺣵֮£ЩΪҪҪΪǿ
ϪĻԣǽź֮ΪϾͷ˵߶ϣѧһ·˳ǣΪǽ蹦ؾΪؾΣǣŰ
¾ô˼ôЩˣ뵽һ£ǵʱľȴ֮£ôҲ²ôõûϡ˵ͣĶϪ
µѼǵò·ļգǷҪ
ڣڻüһһЩǮȥԴ±޹ϸ𡣡
ϪȻӹԷеĲԼǰĲ豭⻰ͼΪΣ̤СԺʼұѾ޷ˣѵף
ϪΪʦҲֻ˵ӦľʳԣԵΪʦԲס㡣ĬȻƬ̣иŵ˵
㲻ˣ˵ϵ֮ұ⣬±ҲѧԼľָᣬ֮Ƿ֮ʴɲأʵЩЩüôѧҾƶҲǰ߷ڵ֮ϪеĲһŲ豭ЦеĿ
ǣѾͷʵʵĺܣ׼ЩȻȥպҽʥҲܱ֤ܻȫԼҲöྯŵ㡣
˵˼䣬ϸ˵һպʥϸڣϪ뿪Ϫ뿪ԺӺţе񼸾̽չɳԺʧС
վҪ߷ɵġ
ȥ·УϪϣûʱĵ£ҿ򾩳ǵա
Ļ̽ףԼ˵һһ˼ӣĻѾ˵Ķشʲôֻһ
ֻҪ˿֮⣬ÿһǶ
Ҫ֣ǲԼִˡ


67 빬
ȴϪ˵ֶ, ìܵѰ
ҹǻᷢϪڴڣչȥһ, ϪİԼһҹǰѰ˯۵ԭǱѾܶĳȨƵ棬˭뵽ǰܵں͵͵Сƴ
췭ظı仯һȫΪ.....
Ϫָ󰲵ıͷС㡣
컹δϪĿջһ¥ȴ, Ȼûֱ֮ǰһ㣬£Ϫֻǰ
֮ϣͷ, մͬ, Ȼͻ»ǲմ, ȴúʰɾ, ҲŵķΣ뷢Ҳű˼֡
, ģ, ֪ĿģΪȥõġϪûסȤ
һ, ˵㶮ʲô, ⹬Ҳм, ˷Ҳܶ˷ݣߣʥȴһ֪ܡ
Ϫ£׷ʵʲô
ôŪ°ͣƺ°Щϰߡ
ϪʧȥȤʱƵ˵䲻òȡˣȴϲòϼѵˣ䲻ڻŴȴӡ̡
˵⻰´һϪͷҵѧ
ϪԣĿǰ˵λ;УԽģ壬̧۵Ȼ֪ε֪ģ
Ϫһۣ˵Ȼʥ˵ģǴһλͬſе֪Ҳ֪˷ؾǷһǰлᣬҲǽʶһ£ԤӦͶԵ
ͬţҲͲСˣ˻ԼͶԵһ֪ʥСãô붼͸һ˿졣
ǲ룬˵Ǹµͷӣû˵
ԼС˼Ϫûϣֻ΢΢
̾˿¶Ц⣬˵뵱ȻˣҺ˵λͱ˶٣˵ҳΪͬţʵ̫ٸͷԼҪģ̫һͣΪͬǡ
ô˵ϪŶЩȤӻ̫ٸͷζҪ˲ǲѧڱǼۺɣ
Ϫ⻰ͻȻĪЦұ֪ô룬ΪΣұ㲻˵ˡ
»Ϫˣˣ˵⻰ڵθڿɷǾΪ
뵽ʲô˵£ЦζҲ˵ʵ޷˵лԼȥȷϰɡ
Ϫ˵䣬ʱͣˣͷ˼˵ˣ빬貽У³ɡ
ְĿڳ³һϪŸ³
³عŵʿһ˵ݣֵǺ磬Ϫ˼䡣
ڣҲòϪԼشͣʿţ˹
빬Ϫһֱͷз⹬ھǺξȴȵطһ鲼»ǽĪĪԭΪá
ϪǰͷҲûʱһֱĬȻǰߣϪ־͸˵ˣԭԹ˿Ϫܿ䣬ɶԷ뿪
˴ԼһյĹǰͷͻȻһϸ̫
ǰͷͣסŲϪҲפ㡣
κòˡ
̫ĵĻ뾩겻ū˵δ뿪һ㡣
κˣ¿ڵȺ򣿡
ջδ³ūȥ鷿Ⱥ򡣡
Ǳκˡ
ϪԲ˵ĶԻڼδ̧ۿκ˿ĶǺδ˺ȴĪĸܵһѹ
¿ʼ֮ͬǰĳĬκ·ǰͷ˵˵Ļ󶼴⺬ȴǰ⡣
·ߵĸϪ˼Ĵǰͷ˵̸Уεڰ˰ɣ֪ûԼڻ᲻ʵǽʱɺӦ԰״ҲԽ˳֣Ӧ̫ġ
˼ƶ㻺Ʈţ֪Ϫ漣ƽ
Ϫڼ䣬˱㵽֮ǰἰ鷿ǰͷ֨ѽĿͲһӣ²ŵµĵ̺žǱǼ䵭㣬ű֪ϳˣˬ
̫ڴԺūȥ裬Ժ
κ˵⻰ȥ·ϪʱϪᵽ˶Էϵζζ̱ǣδŵġ
Źϵһʱ鷿㰲Ϫ̽Ե̧ͷͼЦЦĿԼʱһɼ򣬻һ͵Ĳ
ѾͷټĹɣôҲµʱ򣿡٩
ԲӣѧԣֻһΣҪϧǡϪʼ´鷿
Ѿͷ˭ֻһأҲգô˱Ҳݲźáп
ϪַŲӣĿȥ鷿ǲûʣʮ㣬Ӷ͵ȴִ͸žɣֻԶĿһۣ֪ͷĶ俴òȴֵƣǳ֮֡
пţ⴫κϪʱָֻǰ۹۱Ǳǹĵģ
˹ʱˣ»ϳ鷿
˹Ϫü΢΢
ҲҸʵģ˵̫ؾˣҪʣ鷿аɣ
͸һ˿ŴϪ͵͵üԷϴЦͷһͻİ˹ʲôͬһĹϵɡ
ϪΪԼĲݸ֮ʣ
̫ȷʵ鷿֮ڣֻǽձ¶³ǰ̫κ˲ý鷿κЩΪѵ
ұ㲻ȥȥͨһ̫һᡣ
ǰ˹̫棬......
κҸź꣬˵ĪǻҪԱָֻšǰ˹еδĲȴһ
ūĸңϢŭūȥ̫
Ϫʱؾصվãκǰſڵ̫Ҳ˰ɣ⹫......
޷Ҳ빫δҳȥ˵䣬Ǳһ湫͵ġЦǺǵ˵
ţȥȥͻء˵⻰̧ųš
Ϫʵûס̧ſȥ˹αȥ룬˴кȥ
Ϫֻڰ˹תɲǣֻҴһƳԷתȥ
һۣϪҲ̲סһѣ˼ɫλ˹ϵвˣģ̾
Ϫ¸п˹ݣҲѹǲŮɫҲм˵ֵס˹
ϪҵİˣЩǡ
һĹϪջĿ⣬ȥκײ˸ţʱһݣʶ촽ʱӦǺá
ڣκЦЦ߹˵Сӿǿǰ˹ˣ
ϪŸôشκѾԼѻȥǰ˹ǿǾǵһˣжҹΪǣӣҲѹСģ
˹ȷʵ֮ˣСŮҵüʵҡϪ˳˰ѻ£еĻſھ
κЦЦ̲ס˹Ϫţ˳κĻһһķš
ûģеһ
ǰ˹ж˵ҼҰһѾԶ޷󼰣ЩȱʶľֹҲ쳣ĿɰֻϧЩ֮ڿڣϪϧıۡ


68 
κĿ֮ʲûг̫, ĻĻҲ˳ٴ뿪
Ϫȥκ, κôƽͷ˵ô࣬Ϊ鷿ڣǷʲôⵣε˱Լˣ̬ôУҲǵԼˣһȻ⹬е˹Ȼ˾
ôκȤɲһˣźľ, Ҳʥģ˵黢ܵô ۿɶȥˡ
һ˻ģκ뿪, 鷿ڱֻʣ, źκĽ̸, ϪеĽҲ˲١
, ⹫»£˷ȥ˺δ
°ͣͻȻһĿϪ˵Ϫ, ҵѧ, ҶƽദЩҲ޷ط, Ļէһ·ֻڹҵ, ˶, ̽µϢһ󲻾֮Ҳ߲⹬ˡ
Ϫһݣ亹˲ʱ͸̫³çˣȲĻ˹еʱ̸ۣȴҪУ̫ˣ㲻˼ѿڶ
漴Ϫз֣һֱԼڸе֣ͻȻ̧ͷ漴Ĵһֻ֮١
Ժʲôɿһ󵨵Ĳ²ԺУϪ򴽣̧ͷֱ˵ĪΪܻסңѧʧԱ𷣣ѵȫˣҼˣ̹֪ǲ˵Ӱ졣
˵ϪսȭͷٶȿڵУ¾ǻһ֮Ա㽵ҵ˵ֵʱϪ
˵ЩϪϸ鷿ڻʲôһ죬̫ͻȻúǹ죬һֿΪ֮Ĵַ֮ŵķӦϪλǱ⡣
ЩҲû뵽Ϫ˵㻰һʱ˻졣
ϪɫþòӦвЩѲԼˣǷŻҲһΪʦΪҼΪԼҺӷ˴ĸѵĲͦ໥𣿡
Ǳߵǲײֱǲģ
˵úð˵úã벻Ҳ˵˵һ죬һǿˡ
һˬʵĻͷ߳һӣ·ڵĶеʽλεĸ֪ݣ¡ĵʥޣҲ֪ǺʱִӺδ鷿ڡ
Ϫʱ񣬶ĵĻҾ£ĪҪȡЦСˡ
Ŷһ㶼Сҵʦɲࡣǰ£Ц˵
Сѱȥְһƽǲԡ˵
ˣְԲǸ˵ҲԼΪ֮ԽԽȥˣѧֱˬɡҡҡͷûڵϵϪֶ
Ϫӵȴɵͷ˶Իʱһֱڷֹ޺ԻȲֲʦǸʶĺѡ
ĪҪнͷ̧˵ɡº͵ͷ
ϪСĵ̧ͷŵԿ޵ĳࡣ
޵ͺ£ֻ鳤꣬òȴʮҵӣ͸أ˵һλ绪ïӡ
ѵ˵ϲϳ˵ˣֻǵͣ
нʦȥ˺δӣװ˵
Ϫֱģ⻰Ǻ⣬Ǿ֮ǰ̬ȣػرµĻСŮԾΪθ֮ԣв֮𷣡
˿̷㣬͵ӦĻΪеҡҡͷּʵ
ȻˣжȻߣ˭˭Ժδ
ϪִСŮ佣Ϫ󴨴塣
޵΢΢һ䣬ظϪĻ󴨣󴨴壬Ѳɡ
һԵ˵ͷſںκκ뿪鷿˳ƽŴϡ
ķΧһ֮ǰɿ죬ԽʵѲȥôջҹ۵ӣȥǲż˺ϵ¶нչĪ仹ţ
޵Ļ¶˻ػֵʬȻҵ
Ҳһɬ֮ţʵ¡֮޶ȻΪƽ
鷿һĳĬϪ⿪ڣֻվŸɵȣǺָĺܿ죬ԴصķΧ
ȥȷʵֻҲǰ׼ˣʱǰһУԭеĿҲǴ˴ɵģӲʱҲʱпע
ĿϪϣҲſϪȵѲһУλСΪ
Ϫûֻվľ˵жΪЩͺȻΪЩ
Ҳ֪ϪǳѧѰ˼ңðͷΣղԶԳŽ֮Ըϣ񳼴£´»֮ñˡԴǿе˵
úúãǺüˡһ˵˺ü֣ȻܲƽţͻȻİ𣬿첽ߵϪǰ
ǽüѧұѸ£̵ݸ£ôˣһգ⺣εĺϢ
ϪлȴһסֹĶʵ˿̱˰ɣ㣬һŮԸе£֪
ǰ˵࣬ԵıˣֻҪΪСŮӶδزһλϪ̹˵ʱ˵ʱҲûǰľηǶԳɹ
޲סĵͷβסͣصλǰп˵ѧǸж˵ʲôҲҪĸһְٰǿϧˡ
Ϫ΢΢򴽣ǰͷӦ£СŮֻ¸ȤҲֻǵñʢޡ
ظˣ̳ѧӵһģһһ۱㿴ϪĲ죬ûڣ󷽵ĳˡ
Ȼ㣬˵˵кҿԿһҪ󡣡
Ļоһ̧ȴ޶ĿϪȻҪϪԼش⣬ֵ˼
ŵĿϪʺϵҪ󣬻Ϫպ࣬ǲ֮ڿڣֻýŵĿϪζԷҲܺԼ뵽һȥ
Ϫû̫ãûҪѰ˼Ϊ֮ǰѾԤ뵽ܻ״ϾʩǵõֶΡ
ѾĴ𰸣̧ۿϷŵˣ˵ԼҪ
԰գ޺о¶˾ȵɫ


69 ɻ
صջʱ, ϪͣһһպúϢ, Ҫţмʽּ֮ǰҪ֦ڡ
⣬Ҳ˵ЩҪģȻϪھǾôպⲻҪãԿھǹһլӣܲÿסջ
ǵĻ˵һЩڵϪЩ, ȴûбֳ֪ҲǳڹвŻㆪ£ЩС£Щʱ˵ҲԼҲ˼ġ
ûҪסļ, Ϫ, һ΢Ц, ˵ѧѼ, պҲʱʱ⣬ֻЩ£ҪǮ, ʵ, ѧ΢ļҾǺҪ󡣡
Ȼ⻰һ, ʱ, ԿϪϵЦ, ̾˿˵˵ҲûǮ£һȥ취Ȼȥɡ
ڵȵ仰ϪȹЦӯӯĿԶȥת˿ջڡ
Сˡһ¥Ȳ
ϪͷӦսչ˳أ
С㻹δүźɺù㡣˵˵٣ѯϪҪҪš
ϪûԶ䲻ǳʱ򣬵Ҳֻ̫Ǹչ˸߷ڣûʲôθڣֵЩҺͰһ԰ɡ
ԭλϪ̧¥ȥмֽ˵Ĳ豭ϣפĪҪȲ裬ʲô֮¾ܸ֮ңǾû˼ӳԹ˷Ҳˡ
ͷǰĲ裬˿ζϪ֪뷨ٶһ·ϵ¥ϡ
С㡣
Ϫϵ¥ǡɿɺӷڳ
Ϫɺͷ⣬طɺȴЩżĺС㣬ܸܲүһϰ䣿
ϰ䣿ϪЩĻ
ɺͷػСģ簲СҲ͵ܷҺүһϰ䣬ҲѧЩ
ϪɺҪȻû˵ɺǻЩȭŹƽڰܸЩɺɱȻӺѧˡ
ȥˣ׼ˡϪЦŵ˵ͷָָӵķ䡣
Ȼ㺰˻Ӻһȥ̰ɡ
ɺЩ˷ܵĶϪлȻ첽ȥӵķŴϪջĿ⣬̧ŽԼķš
ݺƳ֮Ǹ߸ߵ¡ν죬ܾĵģȻ˯Уҹ˯ţӲҲˡ
ⷿڣƣ˳һ㣬һһĳϪ񾭣ռޣȥͷʯղ߸ôС岻ҲòŲġ
˸һԣϪֽҿ˱죬ͷ˯㣬ΪŵԭΡ
˯ƺǶ䣬ϪǰΪ֮ǰĵطɵϰߣÿͰһʱ򣬰ͻúǹɣһҲ̫䶯
Ϫ˸Ƿ۽Ƿ˿ỨЬ㰤Ŵߴպһô˰ĺΡ
΢Ķ˴˵ע⣬չӣ۵Ϫ
۾ţȴнסܾˣֻǰš
Ϫ˿̧̾۵ûˣץŰ֣Ҳ˹˼ƽԼֵľУ˳Ʊ㰤ĻУĵң֣˯һ
Ϫ˵⻰ûֻŰͷڶԷļѴǺʵĲ˲䡣
ģǷ˿˿⣬ʹⱻнҲȣϪڰΰѼ䣬ʶ˳°ڻĦ£ֻо˼֡
ҲУǶﻹ㲻ˣյʲôů͵ķϪʧȥʶǰ뵽¡
ϪĺΣԭѵİϪ⼸ʶľٶ£ʱ˯ȫޡ
ôˣϪ
СԴһʱ佦С˻ǵϪϵʱ§ϪҴһ㣬Ĳţоĺ޷ûסֳβ
Ǻܿ죬㷢ϪûжҧĿ⿴ԼеϪԷ˫Ŀգ֪ѾѾ˯
ЩʧӿͷָϪķ˿ϲϪͷ˳Ϫʱ򣬷˿ǻƮɵҡҷУԳһ羰
˳Ӧ˰һ㣬䣬ϪĳԼͷ֮ϣ԰ߣһࡣ
۾Բҵס۾ʱϪ̬ȱʾԸ˿԰ҲϰߣҪõɲſԿ
֮󣬰ʶ˿̵Ϫǲȥڸκ̬ȣСĵſָ죬͵ȥ
ڱ£һƬѩۣͺʱкֻǿŶе
ؿ˵ԽԽһ۲ȥﷺɻĽվЩȥϪ˵оȥĺ塣
̲ס͵ȥ㷴ܲˣһѰϪ§±ҲƲˣɴĶ롣
§еϪЩʵ̧ͷ˳ĺЩԹĵ૵Ҫ
ϪĺڰĲһƬϸ֮УˮȴְϪĻҶֻѵĽţҲû˶˯⡣
.....................
ȵϪ˯ѵʱ˻̵͸ƣŶǣʲôʱˣ˯˶ã
ʱ
ϵƵĻػϪע⣬קŰԼһ˯ģʱȥ⼸ۻۣŰδ㣬ŤʰתȴݽڳٳߣǺ޲
Ϫͷһʶ˿һЩ룬ȴְϹƣ룬ﶼǳǳѪ˿ôģǲΪҵԭû˯ã
ǰ׵İԹζۣȻΪε̾˿Ϫ˵ҲϪ
Ϫ΢쿴ŰԽ´Щ𾪶Էʲôʱѧ㸻ı﷽ʽûϪعζֻڴߵİͷŵίĽᡣ
ǰ߶Ϫ˼ٻıŷŵƣԺǷң˯ŵʱʲôһֱӱŵİ˵㻰
󣬿ŻɵڴϵϪüŶԷ·߹ȥȥԷˡ
ϪĵĽӹ·СĹ۲Ű飬ԥʵ˯ŵʱʲô
һ⻰Ϫʲôû
Ϫѹ·ȷٴʵģ
ĹĵĿϪй˰㣬ֹ˵˾䣺ʲôû
ǻô͸ʧ䣬Ϫ򴽣ֱģ˻û


70 
¥µʱ, չ㣬һ¥ֻǵļϻƵ˵Ż
¥ݿڽԵӴ, Ӽ˱ǣϪͰǰ£һϪһζһüʱ˷λ࣬˼һϡ
ɺ״æС㣬⣬վžˡ
Ϫ⵽ɺʱȻɫЩĵ, ֪һû֣һſϵĻӣɺһ컹㣬൱ˡ
ûϪܾӻɺûµ, ϪЩճ, Ҳġ

Ϫ΢΢Щ, ճˣ
ۼ̺ͻҲԿ, λεػϪһתƻһĺҲ֪ȥϴϴ, ζˡ
Ӱһ, 㣬ǲ֪, ̽Ҳ֪ô, ƽҲû, һ涼ϸ첲ϸȵĽڣһûˣ˵ϴˣ¥Ҷϲȥ
飬ôɺۣ˼һС֪ӦңϽȥϴϴϴԷϪЩָߵߵӡ
ӻŲߣϪһü˳˿˵°ĲˣۼŹǾܻȥˣҽɺԽԽãȥ֮ôһҲæǸ÷ֳȥһЩˡ
⻰һɺЩĿϪüعζˣһ´ֱϻĺӡµȥϴȥϴҶ˼Ժ˵ʲôʲôָҴģǻǰһ
ۼŻֽŲõĻ˶¥ϪЦһһֹɺֽС˵˵㻰ȥ֮֮ʣŵù˲࣬ʱ˶ְɵ׼ʱɱûǰк
ɺ˷ܵһ˫ۺģŵƣ̬һɨ⣬ϪпСҪ˼һϽľͺˡ
ôţϪһͼüԼӿЩ
ôˣϪЩɻʵϽİĪЩ顣
ϪرܣϪʵɺûҺã
ͼһϣ¸һ飬ʵӡˣϪĿҵĻ⣬λƫûʲô˵δע⡣
ӵߣͻȻֱߵĳʼϸϸãɺеĲ豭ͷССڵĺţ˿ı顣
˻رܵԣϪԽͷӦߵСۼҪת¥ݿˣϪһץ°ηס䴹ȥ˵С
ż磬ĵȻˡ
˵°ţϪµָ֣ɵŰַţ͸ֺõζ
λ͹ʲôԸСǰûƼϪ˵Ķ
Ϫ̧ۿְͷûʲôֻܸо¶ԷָԼĶỮţҲû˷ŵĲǴǳǳĻ㡣
˵ƽЩȴҲףϪ̲סĿ⣬Цĵǡ
ȣˣϺ衣վϪԣɵ㶵ȻظС̿˿ڣȻ緹ǳԲˡ
̵ϪҲ֪Լʧ̬ˣ˼Ķ豭һ£ûرץŵ֣תƻأջδ
֪ѾǰȥݷˣδӦ
Ϫͷŵ²û̫Ȥˣ̽ջؽУµ˵֪еĵΪ
̣λռѵʦȻԴ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪ܴﵽˮ׼ϲˡ
ϪüЩЦ֧°͹Ȼ˵⵶Ȼ
Щϧָʣӻ⵶óעѪлҲݷһλ
ϪͷȻ˵򵥰Ҵһȥ־ˣҪ֪֮ߣһҲ⡣
һȷʵС˼ǣ
Ŷ˺˵⵶ִģǮѾˣպ޽ٵʹˡϪЦе˵һĹ۲̵ķӦ
üǵһĬĬĽ˻Ť˵⵶ϸ֮£Ҳ
ɫŹֵĴһ仰˵һȴֹ
Ϫµ׷ʵҲʲô
ʱֺ˼صĽϾʱĸȤ֮£ÿŶ˾Ź˼
̵֮ɫ֣Ͳŵ˵˾䣺ɲ
Ϫݸó֪⵶󣬱ջضĿ֮ʣҲǳĳϰ֮˵Ľ˵ڮ⵶Ļᡣ
ԭϪЦ䣬ȴĽŲһ̻صǰ˵ĶԻ
Żӵķ޽ǴˮϪ֪˳ɺҴһܻˣȻתں䣬Ҳû˾ŻӲŵ˼
һߵɺԻһӣ˵үɣҪСıˡ
ԭֵ˶ʱ˼֣ԥһֽӹɺӣɰͰ͵˾䣺лл
ɺҡҡͷϿϪգ֮ؿһʵûпʲô
̧ͷϪĻʲô˼ǶԷ˵ҲѧѹϪҧ䣺ҲϪ˼ʲô
ϪЩûƲƲ죬˰һֱﶮŮ鰮֮£Ҳ²⡣
ǲϪûģ׷ʵϪʲô
˵ʱյýǳϪĶȻ֪ôͣڵҾŻӶɺЩһ
һôһϲɺͺϲϪһȲңҵϲܶࡣ˿ӣɻʵ
ȻڰֻᱻԵķֳϲ࣬Ϫεĵ˵ͷػͼϪ֣ŲƿĿ⣬ô⡣
Ϫͷһͻôϰ֮ˣĿҪȳ˺õö࣬Ͱ֮Ļȴһ뷽Ű˵ĻδЩ룬ɾΥһ
ЩЩ˵Ժٲ˵ϪŰСĿⲻʱ̵ϡ
ʲô˵ϲϪĻΪʲôЩĿϪЩˡ
Ϫ죬۶̣һŰ֣⻰˵һͺãҲԺţ˵С
˵⻰Ϫпѵ¶һ΢ЦеĲ豭ڵҹСɫãСȥλڣСҲùźúϢһ
̵Ļ٩ζʮ㣬ϪʱףڱԼֵ´ȤҲһüЦ˵Ҽֻʱ򣬶ȻƳ;֮⣬ԭԭޱת
ϵЦһ֮ͻȻһԵζһߵĵ˰ȴΪϪŵĻشеģ˫ЦеС
ʱһײڶѭȥַἰŴͷ˲˹Сײ˸š
С˼䣬ע⵽¥ݱߵˣεһ£Ȼ˵ͷҴҵ¥


71 
ϪŵıӰ, ջĿ⣬˼üͷ
ôˣƽ￴, ˣôУͷʲôõ˵¡ֹ˵漴ע⵽Լϵӣоùӻɺ̫׵ö֮Ҳˣһʱ֪ǺãֻùɵĽӵ÷Լֱߡ
ǺǵģԺ˵, ˣҶɡϪָ˴ӵԴԼȼ˿ŹǷ밲С
Ҳٶ໰׷׶꣬лӳԵΪ, һɰˡ
Ķ, ϪҲ, ڷָɺϰ, ԭûҲһģתһ룬˵лӻǸͯ, ȴδ, ⻹СЩĺãͽӸ, ̵ѧʶ̻Ǵ´ࡣ

һײ¥´, Ϫ££ϵ·, ¥˴¿ȥ
ֻһУϰƺСŪġ
Ϫתߣͣ˽ŲϴƾЩ£վҪ⣬ȥһۣٳӵĺã뵽˴Ϫһ˿ƣڷһ£δת˼ֹ˷š
ƾƣǾ̫ˣϴΰѰЩ̼ôʹǷԸ⡣
žٵеֶʱԭأЩҵĿվߵϪ϶Է˫ۣʶԼǷϵĳ̬֨ôˣôû˯
˯ˣֻҹڿʳˮûͿϪˮʾ⣬ϵľƺŸտʼȣҲδ⣬ƽ˼֣¡
εķ¾Ʊͷҷģзִ磬ģϴε²еڶˡ
˾ĬһΪϪô뿪ʱ򣬱ٶȿڵ𣿡
ŵһ͵̧ͷϪѿڵ㶼֪ˣ
漴ȻĿ⣬֪ԼˣЩץץͷ֪ôش
ϾΪջúõģ˵ȥˣ⸱ģʲô״Ϫ˵ԼƲ⣬ĻֻĮȻĲ²⡣
ŵͷϵ֣·һţһ̧ͷЦЦ˵ǳЩʲô£ԼӦ㲻صġ
Ϫԭ˵ԼûеģŵǸֳûʲôӡ󣬺ŶԵ˳۲٣ϼֵĸܺãҲ֪ʲôʹҲʱ侮ʯûٶ˵ʲô
Ⱦƽ⣬ЩЪϢ˵µ·ӡϪ˵⻰Ų뿪ûȥûȤ֪ˡ
صڣϪڸԼ˱ˮ£۾Ӧ˷еĺڰע⵽һԣ֫չڴϣϪ˴࣬оЩ塣
ҹȷʵЩˣϪߣ÷͸͸ȴһĨӰվڿջ⣬ǺӰվڿջԣںڰ˿ò
Ϫδüϸ˱˼Ҵ뿪Ϫü߳¥ݿڣѾ¥£СʰӣֹƺҪпţҲչ
СϪ
СԶʱһ·Сϵ¥ϣʹϹƣ̬ɶϪЦݣ͹ʲôԸ
ҹ˯ţѰӡϪҲ˸ѺõЦݡ
ǶԿ˸СЩĿ༸ֺøУϪλеˣСͷԵȣ͸ȡȥ
ҺһȥôҲۻ˰ɣϪڰ֣Сһ¥
ϪУСүɵж¾˳صеģϰˣͿ͹ˡ
Ҳּô˻ȣǷŻпţϪСڹ̨Ѱң״ĵ
İʱˣǺһλӣһƾƣŵˡ
СһԲȣʶԼ˵ĻЩǷף¶һ˿εı顣
ϪЦŽӹеԲȣҡ˼£˵ˣЩ£Щƣ鷳ˡ
Ϫ⣬СַӦӦõӦõģ͹ЪϢٺҡ
СصУϪڴ࣬˯Ҳ˯˼ʱǲ˯енİڶţŰչüͷܵʶĶϪ쳶Щסһӣ̰˷纮
͸ڵϵ¹⣬Ϫ䷽ſӰ뿪ʱΣӦǸӣʼΪԷǳǿŵֶΣִͷ
ǳ˵ĳѲֻɺϣˣת뵽ڴúƾƵţһ˿Ȼɻ
Ϫ
һŴĺ漴Ϫܵ˫ֻ࣬в˲䡣
ϪӣŰڴɺãలԴͺ£ȿˮ˯ɡ
͵͵ӦٴƽȣϪʱž˯ӿ˯ˣİϢ˽˰ģ§Űۡ
ô˯ɣ˭Щˡ

ڶգϪһڰٹٳ̫巵٣վнһʱŵͷ˴˽
ڴϣǶ˷һ´ͣȻԴΪٸԭְ˵ʱϪǿʼСۣԴº⡣
漴ֲȻٸԭְȴھڣǼ󴨴壬Ǳ˼ֻϻָ˹ְûʵʵȨְ±ò˽İ
˳ޱ˳˺һԼϪķͣ⻰һжʱը˹Ⱥƺ˴˿̻£׷׿ʼͷӶһʱЩʧء
Ϫվڴ֮Уеʥּǧ֮أͷܵԼⳡѹס꣬Ҷڲ²Ǻ˿Ȼġ
£󣬻ӳ飬˽һŮӣδġǰͷ˸˵
˵˵еƽϢϪȥһʮҵӣŶ룬һ˫Բðž⣬ϵĹٷӦƷϵĹԱ
ϪֻһۣϽջĿ⣬һλǵġ
ǶЩ׼ڸĹԱվϪƲŮݵʱ̬ȺǼԴŭģԼܵݶϪʱջȨΪݽЩ˵ĻϤ˻ȥ
ڳΪٵĸ˾óˣʱִⶥײղ˳һλԱԲʱ򣬴Ҷ첻ἰ¡
˿̳֮Ȼãѯ˼Ҵ뿪ϪҲ뿪
˳ʱϪߵķɿ죬ٶȼֱͿ˵СܣϪžһ·һ˿иĸá
ֱŹǽվڹУԶһֱȺŵ֣Ϫͣ½Ųһ£δˣŲ˲ǵĺʵΪߵĿ죿
ȻҪ죬һͣҺ޲߿ЩȻһЩ˴ᣬҶ£ǲˡˣ޺޵˵
Ϫ̫巵ſڣǲѲɻ֣
ʱ˹ѵõĲǵģĴ࣬ǲЩˣŻĹְֵȥ
Ϫ˵˳ھǿǳġ
ּϪЩ棬˵ϱְΪڳϳܣһ㶯֣ʱʱĳֱӾȥ˴롣
Ϫ˻һڣǵö۰̲סʵ֮Ϊ𢣬ҲΪ˸ְɣ
ֻδӻǱߵԼǹٵġ
˵⻰֣ʾ˸ϽߣϪ׷ʵΪ´ǹٿֵ̫ˣɲǻԸԿˡ
һۣЦһǼһﵱʱˣҪǲǹ·뷽跨ҲƤҲûôɵھǸᡣ
ں󷽲ʱϴǹٺҹ˳ǣŴϢģղŻ
Ϫ˾ã̲סǲʶ˼ͬ顣


72 Լ
Ϫ͵ջ, ھȻܵעĿһһ벻ı仯, ᾡ찲ŷ磬һ鶼Գ䶨ԻȥʱҲ˶ĿϪһȥ
кΰţֱǰϪʵ
˽һ⣬³ʱߵæӵСԺͥУҵĸϽȥддЩĿˡָԼ°ͣǲм
Ϫͷ, Ҳٶʲôͼݳֵͷ⣬ǳӽŵл׼뿪Ц̶ǵǰϧ, ϲ
˵⻰, Ϫǲ, һοһ˿仯, ԷȻû뵽ϪͻȻ˵촽΢΢䶯˼, ʲôҪ˵, ֻۣǵ͵͵˵˾䣺׾ѡ
Ϫ״, ״ʱ̽ѰԵɵʱ, Ҳٶ, ЦЦĿּݳ뿪
뿪Ϫվԭػζϵ飬Ǿȣ·ִһ˿ο͸УȴֹƽһֵϿ˷ḻı仯ѵá
С㣬ˡ̵ǡ
Ϫתվ˵ͷ漴㿴˶Էʵĳ˵𷽲ŷ£ȴһڵС㻹δʱ˹ʱСȥָһᡣ
Է˵⣿Ϫɫһ˹Ŷûţ֮˾ѽ͵סٶȵǹġ
ѯʱԷǣֻ˵Сȥ˱֪ȴһ棬ǡ
˵ʱϪִ̧ϣȥ˵
ǰȥ˾¥ĺԺʱδŵʱ䣬¥ĺԺûʲôˣվϪʾ̿˵ˡ
һδ뿪֮ʣһ棬ɸϵĹܼңɼˣءʵԼ֪ĸ֪Ϫ
ʵ⻰Ҳжˣֻ۵ԱǱܻĺá
𣿡Ϫָظ
ٴӦʾ϶
棬ͲԼᱻϳʱദУ̵оֹһֱܹأϪǵΪ²뾩ġ
ҡҡͷ˵ʶ⾩д󲿷ֵˣЩȴҵݡ
Ϫü̻Ǳ˼вĹ˼ֺ档
ԣСǷḰԼ̼Ϫ˵ѯʵ
ȻҪȥģԷɣĳ͢٣һƽ˵˸̵ݣҲЩְȨǹȻܾԼѰ·
ϪΪȻ˵ʵϵ͵һ֮ǰԼҪ̤żֻû뵽졣
С㣬֪ǷָǺεطЩԥ˵
Ϫһ㶣ԭΪһԼ־ھ¥һĵطô˵üȻô˵ʲôõط
̵ͷֱԵǾ¥
ϪϵЦ˼֣ߵǲǻӦ˼ȫûѡڼԺ
̧ۣҲͳָ¥ͷĹﶼģղǾﶼָ֪󱳵ҲƤģֻȥĶǴԹûš
ϪϵЦ⵴Ȼ޴棬Щ߹ٽصѡȵطڰŮӵݣڳЦĳΪȫȻ֪⾩ǵ˿˵˵Ц
˵ֻǹܼһˣǱ벻ˣСǲ븰Լұǰȥؾһ̹۲ϪɫԽ
ˣϯȥˣƵ˵һƲ˵ڶΣһ⣬׼
Ҳ̫ģҽոܷ⣬ӽ£ǲ֣ȥƹкæտŵ㣬һȥǱǰһ¡
ϪԵӣ۾ţָʶĦţ̲²͸ʲôֻǵͷ㰴ϪķԸȥ
뿪ϪվƬ̣ϽԳƣ̬ĺһתߣ·Ժеˮʱפһݣŵ̬ȻӰ
صڣϪɺЩΪѵվڰԣԼǾһϪȻ֪Ѿǲͬϵİţڰʾɺ뿪ͺá
ɺᣬҲԣ첽뿪ˡ
Ϫ˿ǰԼİǰ£ͷ򰲣Цˣ
ŤϪϪҲȰҵģ
ϪĸɴĳϣתϪݵʱ˻Σ漴СϪ˵Ļһڿջġ
ԭѾ˵ǵϪԵЩ⣬û뵽Ȼ򵥾ͬˣһʱԶԣԴ˵˾䣺óԵġ
Ȼ߽ˣϪ㽫עϵԼϣ׼ľȥԼǻһǰǳصϢ
Ȼֻӣɺȥͨһ»ǵø֪ΪһЩ̸ã˶Դչ²⡣

һʱڲ֪ĵĹȥʱˣϪ̰źõǰָ
ſڴڣϪԶȥ̽ȥɺŰľ̲ס֣һͻȥ漴ȴһΪѵջӣֵչʾ쳣֫ɽɺˡ
δɺع񣬰Ѿ³ſȥкɺ죬ǿߡ
ɺعɻʵС㣬Ҫȥģ
ȻҪȥϪȥĵطֱ׳˵
ɺҡͷϪС˵ˣڿջţǻ֮ǰҪ뿪
ͣ½Ųͷɺ˵ɺҼǵϪǰ˵ҪҵĻҲҪǸˡ
˵⻰ʱ˵ĺ棬֮Уֻ˵Ļ͸־ڱصõľģɺԥһȻѯһүǺ뷨
ȻԼû취ҰľֻԣֹˣϾԣһֱϪհ϶վϪߡ
ɺû뵽ǣԣڰĳ޺Ȱ˵£ܿ˿ڣԭܼ򵥣ϾҪˣǵ¥ջ̫ˣԣʵͲסȥʶ
¸߰ˣɺȰοԼ΢ᣬʵû취
ǣž¥æµʱĵԺԺ뿪ҹɫڻ׷Ϫȥָ


73 ָ
Ϫָʱʱ, ̸ЦߣŮ, Ϫʱ˲˵ע⡣
˳׿ȻһŮӳط֣ؼһɱ̣֮˶ݶ˲档
ָⷼȷʵֻһµĲ¥˿֮磬ϻƵ֮ǰû̵, Ϫ˵׼ĻΪֻǸſͽѧʶĵؽ硣
ָⷼϪһֻƤޣ˿צԶĿС
С㡣Ϫþûж̳ѵ
Ϫ˶, ſվ, , һͷȥĿ, ̧Ž˷ָ
ź߱ӭǵЦ, Ϫ, Ҳʲô쳣ֻʵС㣿
Ϫɨߵ, ǡ
С, ڷָ, ڼмղܴ˶ڷָһλͣСףλǲܴ˿еĹˡ
һ˵һϪһ·¥Ϫ󣬰۲ܣ̻һ˶δк쳣֮
ָⷼ˵¥ҲûŮӣֻǴľһֱ˿͸϶ϡƼӺŮеΡ
ϵ¥ûãϪͱ쵽һǰ·ٶȸڱǲܴ˽նµż䡣
ϪȻָ˵λеȺСȥǡ
˵գҲϪӦƿǰķţͷϪڡ
ϪһͻȻһεĺ粻ֹνĲܴһˣȻˣҲֻбˮڡ
ڴ˵˵ϪڣԽʱĹȭſλˣλĪҪƽСŮ֮
С˵ﻰҵС㣬Ҫ׼ʱδС̸γٵе˷ֱߵıӣֶϪ˵
òͨϹżЦ⣬λ׳֮£ŵһ޺ģ
˿£ֶʮģϪ˵ſ֮ȴһӭ
СҲĪҪ񣬻Ʋ˶ѱϣСҪٲǿɾͶˡ
Ϫ˼䣬˰һϪͽѡԶλ£Ҳ˶˵ʲô
Ȼ˶ˣǸλҲ̫ˣСէǼɵúúþ֮ꡣһֱϪٶȿǻ
˼ϪĿдһ˿ɻǲŷӦһ㣬ٱС㣬㿴ҵʧˣСˣλ˵ʲôҪһǰ˵ҲʶһС㣬λָʹ
Ϫֱߵӣ˾ٱʾһ£ֵˡ
һλ꣬۲ʹ
ϪұߵӼ񣬶ԷҲֻһ
СҲѾ֪ղܣһ֡
ŲϿ׵Ц⣬ϪЦϿ˻Ǹӣʵȴڰעݣűһ
δ֪С㣬ұλ˹СĪ֣Էһ˵ҲϪ˵Ļᣬ㽫еľ
һߺŵߣʱҲϪǰľƱ˾ƣϪۣǸ˵ʵڶԲסСŮӲþǻʧǵＸλˣơ
СĵĻˣҲĳǻͻأĪҪԵģȨҵ㽻ѡ˵ٶ̧ʾ⡣
Ϫ򴽣п۲󷽵̣һֻýеľ£ڵǲһ˿⣬ϪЩ죬ƺͲºȵĵһƺǲж
ƿɻСθڣҵСȲ⾩ǵҾƣصϵָⷼĹơЦе˵ţһ̧˽˵ľƱϡ
ҵȲĳСһС¡Ų¶Ϫ˾Ʊ
µľϪˣûɾܾľƣϪֻٶ£ȻǣҲˡ
ż仰ĹϪ¶ǣƾѾ¶ߣϪٶȱϵľƣ˳˵Ĳߡ
ܴ˽СŮˣʵСŮӵңֻλؽæڰæ֮гزΪ˽ô򵥣λ˲ֱԡϪ˵ɵֱҪ㡣
Ҳû뵽ϪֱӣתƽɣϪˣΪɽг޿֣ҲһЩ˵ɡ
£С㵹ǸʹˣҲѹƳ⺣֮˴пǼ񵽱ˡ
ɲҪ֪ǵطСˣ˵ʲôҲһǰȥ
꣺ܴǺԣѲҲһ㣬ְ᣿ǵطûкսˡ
ϪһһͺȱŹһ㣬ó̫ܱȥ󴨴֤ڳвƣȻٸԭְȴûеؾǣ²еڶأ;ǲˡ
꣺⼸꣬µ˱СſǺܿ͵ñȡ֮ˡ
˳ĻŲ¾ƱЦҪ˵⣬ӦǲܴΪ֪¹Աı䶯Ϊ
Ц˼žƱһ˵һ߳Ϫ߶λˣһô磬Ϊٶ֪꣬мˣ˵ҲɣомС󴨴಻ԶԵ֪Сû½ʶһ
˵ѾߵϪԣͼϪϴȥ
ĻʶбµˣܽʶһٺòֻǵûǸ˹ģҾһ
ϪƱŲº£Ҳ˳ƶ㿪˲֡
¸Ц˼Ҳеľƣǲвϲ˼ϪĶȴǱߴ˵͵͵Ц
һǿҵӿͷϪװŲþյģȥ˴

λ͹ٺãߵż˶£֪λк£һʺסڶ¥ˡ
ԣɫεĿˣӲͷƤ˵£ǲ洦˵ţüŪ۵ʾⰲɺЩ뿪
΢΢üЩҵĵıӰֺһվŵˣָ¥ȥİˣĶŵˣǳ鷳
Ҿ˵ҲУǷǲȰ˸ĻСıԹ
ЩйĴţɺŰɥģȰοС㣬ſѰλãСҪ뿪ĻǶῴġ
ҲͬɺĻոյѯеûףҲðֵĺá
ԥһ£ۣŶڿŲԶĵطǵλ̧ͷǡܿúͶ¥ȡ
ɺ˵Ҫǻǳҽû֮ǰŰȥɣҲˣüʶĶʶˣڻȥº󣬿˿һԵɺ˵
ɺŻӣĮȻ˵Ҽǵүǰ¸߰ôʼùˣ
ӱֱ飬ŲֱӶԷŵʲôҾǣ棬һҲ֪ʲôʱܹʶʶ
ɺ񻮹ãЩп˵Ⲣʲôõط
Ķ࣬ûɺĻ׷ʵʲô
ɺҡҡͷĵ׵ĳȻΪϪ֣ЩȥܹǸΪף˵үģǻȥ
ԣȥҺ˵......ӵõ˵֧֣ʱϲɫĻͷҰȴһֱԵİʱʧȥӰ
⣬⣬أЩҵĴλ޴Ŀɺ
ɺҲͷһһ򶼻עⰲĶ򣬷ŻӺһЩ䣬û⵽֪ʱӰ
ױȻ侲һЩүȱ𼱣ǲ죬ΧҲδ쳣ǰСԼ뿪ģֻǼǹС㣬Ӧ¥Уҷͷҡ
ܵɺĸȾҲ侲һЩͷУԼЩһյûҵҶûص˴
ɺͷ漴ͻӷͷʼѰҰӰ


74 
¥, ĵ¥ܸо˸, ĸŻſڣȵ߲ôˣĵٶж
ȻЩ򣬵ƾĸ֪˦ǹߵ׷١
ϪģԼû͵͵᲻ǡ
뵽տϪӣȭֻҪԶԶĿϪһۣȷ¾ͺ, ʱԹԻȥġ
ĵһɲϪӰŲǰ취ԥһٶ¥ȥ
ٴ¥, е˱֮ǰ˲, Щ϶ٶմž, ·
ϲüͷ, 첽ǰ˼ѰٵĵطȥһıǼ, ζ, һƫսʱһŮӱԼվڲԶ
, ȷζǴӶԷ϶, ȷЩŵζ, ִУ˵ʣ֪֪ϪϢ
ǰȴԷͻȻһֺֻݺק˹ȥͻıʾĺһЩԥҪҪǰ鿴ϪҪ˷ϵϪҲ˵ˣñԼҲжԷ衣
пٺһ󣬰˾ȿ˵ܾܲˡ
뵽ǰСĵ̽һЩȥǱߵ
ӳǣŮӱ˰ǽߣһ׳ӵŮӵ첿һֻɵǯסŮӵϸ˫֣˿̺ĵš
Ůƴţκ⣬ӣӵϢüŮǱԽԽ
۾ɵԲǰ£ҲԼĴڣԼ¶ŮӵС
ŮӿԽһ˫ʹɫ
üָ°ƺڲ²Ů˼Ƭ̺۾һ˾ϡ
ֻŮӾֺ;У״ŶȥߵżȷŨľζס˱ӣȻǻŪˣſ
ӻûһ㣬ŮӵĲڵĺţԼӣü·ץסӰŮϵ֡
ǲԵģſ
ŮȻעУɵĽӵ󷽣ӳʹĳһЩӣע⵽˰Ĵڡ
ģǣһӵģ£ֵĿ򰲡
ųأ
˫Ŀһɣקӵֺݺһ˦ӾקڵأŮҲڵϣǻӲһקŮӵ֣Ӱһ֣ŮӵԣȻûع
βȵĴӵ˿ĭٶȿˡ
ʱôô࣬򲻹˾¿ˮˡ
˵ǣӽǰƤ
ӳԼתҪܣֿԵŮӣҡ
ŮЩ񣬵ĸϰĲ뿪ǽ䣬ԶЩͼŮͣ½Ų߶ȥֻһ棬߱кǱȥ
ˣûˣصŮԣͼ˱Ŵһ䣬űϺ󣬱㿴Ķˡ
ŽŮתһ˵лС֮飬ūⷬģв㣬С㲻ĻƲūҷ˵
˴Ը뿪ͷŮ뿪
һ·Ůһ䷿ڣŮӽǷСڴԵƬ̣ūȥѡ
ţȥɣҲῴġͷ˳Ʊȥ
ŮӿŰıӰЩɻ߹ȥڼ䡣
ԹԵվԭأţȵҪŮӰԼȥϪʸղŵ»᲻鷳Ҫ鷳ĻϪǰԼ֤
С㣬תˡ
ŮӵԻعŮѻ˼ؾҵ޷ҲһӼ򵥵վʾ⡣
߹ȥ󷽵£ŮҲ£Ȼֵ̧˱ݸ˵յлСˣūҷֻСȥ˹æδСȻԶ֣ū׾ῴС㡣
ûϵŪ˼Ӧ۾еĲ裬Ϫ˵Ҫ˸Ķ
ʱūʾãūȷܾδƾСģūһнǣСġŮ˵𷽲ӵʱȴǿƵû̫¶
ţô˵Ҿͷˣ˵ϲ㣬ҾƭˣһҲϲ㡣ŮӵĻü棬˵
ŮЦһ񱻰Ĵ𰸶ˣЦС㵹ǸˣūõģطˣĻŲãСȴر𣬰ʧ˻δС䡣
佣һ֡ͦͦţЩĽԼ˵˳һ˵Լ֡
ɵǸ֣ūҼˡŮӼ״¶Ц⡣
԰ɣҲôãأʲôҲҪūūҵˣźۣһͺáԷԼ֣ǰ˵ĺøж
ѽǽС㿴ЦҾӦȸ֪С㣬ҽ٣С㻽ٶͺáЩյסԼ죬漴ǸĵԴ
ûû£ҲģҲܺİڰ֡
̧ͷϸϸĴ˰һɫͻȻɿ࣬ЦС㿴Ų⾩ˣĻԼһָⷼУ
ô֪ҲǣҲһģɺͻǻ¥µңҵȥ˵һɺͻӣôʱ䣬²ǵüˣûҵϪɫĿ˿٣ֿ˿ŵķ
СżСѣǲᵡȥǴٿΪѣ
ʱͷƺã㿴ٿŻ˹˼ٴתصǰ
صǰٿŰ˫ָϿڵСΪѣǲ˵Сжܰæȫ
۾һû뵽ԼδڣԷȻ𣬶ʱԼĿĸ֪Է
˵꣬ţ㿴ӺɺӰԭڿʱһɣҲ˲ſڵ٣ֱǰ
ôܣһԵľˣҪǳʲô£˵ҽҽȥԼܰԼӲŰԹ
ɺҲ´˰һȻųһҲǲ˵С㡣
ƲͷȻϿҵ˵֪ĲԣϪղһֱ˿ǣҲܺ˵Բ𡣡
ʵϴ˫γĴ۾ӺɺٶҲֻʣ˽ҡͷ̾
С㣬ϼλ˵㷽֮£ҵȷʵ֪һЩϢֻС˴ʱδ뿪ĻЩ鷳ˡٹŻص߲廰
ٵĻСʰŮ˭š
´һ϶Է毺õκʱ̲סһ죬Ĳߡ
ﻹ˼ͻӽٵ£һϪ鷳ŵٶ˵ʲôϪʲô鷳
ûٻش˵ĶͻȻһ죬žһܼĹ
Ťŵķ΢΢üͷȻûпڻش𰲵⣬˼еĵһϨһյлصԣ˵ˣѾʼˡ


75 ٻ
ʲôö˶˵ΪʲôĵƶϨˣЩǰվһ, վ˰ɺǰ
λӲصģûж, ֻǽյķָЩ⣬Ҳŵ죬ڸ֪ڷڵҪϨ˼ǹӲĴɿͷٵûбʾָָŵĴ
ӺɵĿɺ˼ߣ漴ͷԼֵĵƶˡ
⵽......
ٶ㻹ûϪô
ӵĻû˵꣬ͱ, ڵûжȤֻٿе鷳ʲô
Ҳָ֪ʲôط𣬷ָ˸ĵĹأΪ, ֻЩ˵ڵ롣
ÿµʮһ, ʱʱ, ָڵĵƻᾡϨ, ʱŮãںڰŮжԷΪһβӰԵ֡
˵⻰ʱ, Ӽ˵üͷ΢΢, էһƺܾ͸һЩĵط
ǿ, ټ˵ʵ, Щνſ, ǲܵо˸ûʵ˵ǣ˲㻨ڵ߲ѣŮӽǷָĹ֪νԵֵʲôˡ
Ҳ˴ע⵽ɫѻϣָⷼż˲ֻ֪࣬ɲ͸ڴкʱҲһЩ֡
ڽӣʱδ뿪йģǵż䶨ڶϱߵڶ䡣
ٵĻ˵ʱ򣬰Ѿ˺޷£̧ȥ
С㣬̫ģҴλ......ٵĻû˵꣬ѾŶ
⴫һӺɺʱһȥȴſںӰײ˸š
С㣬ôˣĲʱ򣬴㣿
һԽںڰ𣬻Ӻɺͣ½ŲʱҲűߣһ˵˹ӣľӡ
ҲͣȽŹϣŻӺɺ˵żղܴ˵־ΧͷܵƣѰˣƳȥᱻֹ
ÿҴӦҽҪտðҵȥѰȥӼˡ
ͷһƬڣҪǲµòС㲻ǽĿ꣬ҲǸĹͷֿˣһʱӦ¡پܵİ
С㣬ҪҽջлȥˣŽٶȿڵ
æתǶ˵˹ӣʵڱǸǲѾԻһ󣬻ʩԮ֡
~ѵң˵Ц̧ȥ
΢΢˿ʼľ
ʱӺɺŴ΢ĻԿ˵ģֻɢĿŴеɵаţһǳɫĳڻ·˿˿ƵĹ
Ȥĵطͷ̧ۿڵķһ˫һ΢΢ͷʣһ·һ㡣
ӳɺ૸̾˵ŮǸıŮӻÿ
ɺûнӻҲ˵ķɻۣ֮ʣһͳɤ˵⻰Уء
Ӷ˱һæתȴǷʲô֮£һȻͻȻٶȿڵ֣ǷСһ飬Ҳæ
Ŷ~ɣҵ鷳¶ߵģȻ˶˵ԷǲˣҲգҲܱͨһ¡ǽй˴е°ϣͷӦˡ
ʱӶߵƲ˴ԣɺſˣǽŵĽľǸӡ
ɺʵôˣ
ɺͻ˵£ʱӺһϣǶǰͷ˳ǣƺľ£˵Ҳãֱҡҡͷ
˴ųΪ˷͸żֻֽһȡһöӸľ壬˵ȥĻ鸮ҴС㣬˵ǲ⣬Ӹˡ
ľסֵȺ˴СΪ㲻ȥȥ˼ҲԸô죿
ǹ˴üͷָԼĶͷ˿˵ӹǣڣôһ·ּҳԲࡣ
пڴϵģǸˣȴȫûͷһ㣬ǡôľûĽ뻳С
ɺ׼ʱ򣬴յӶ˵ȴһҵĶ㿪ӣɺ˿û˼˼飬קק˻Ҳһȥȥ˰æ
һ㶣漴׹Ŷľ˵ҪȥܲܰҲϡ
ɰľ´˻һ˿ζ˼漴ŻӵӴһԾ¡
ľһߣ˴бָ˷ŵɢģ˿кβʣЦе⣬һѴЦгϷ˵Ȥġ

С㣡
ۼǰϪһΣʱץסĸ첲ס
Ϫ̵ľվֱӣſл漴üͷһ˻ԴһɳƵ̵ĸ첲ҩٸһš
С㣬ҩЧǿ죬ҩҲܶԣ֮ǰѾٳԶӲãǹʵ䷴̼״Ȱ
Ϫڰ֣ߴЩó״ȥǲãȻûо̱粵
δӻͳһСľеݸϪϪҩɫ΢΢תڵôãַƣҪľҪô
ûɿڣȴͻȻ׷뿪ҹǻû꣬Ҳʱ£Ȼؿջ㡣
̹ɫԷģӦСġ
˶һץʱЩ뿪ʱϪע⵽̵ɫЩȻüôˣ
ԥһ£֮ǰԳŵ£ѡʵ棺ҺпӵӰˣҿˡ
ӣϪʱɨ·пȥվ¥ϣõ¶ܿ
Ϫüģ΢΢ʹƽʱ˼ͨ˳һʱҲ޷ȷԼ©
С㣬Ҫǻ뿪ҿˡ̳ȰοóϪ״Ų̫á
Уڳˣǻӣһ⣬ɺ϶Ҳڴ˴˲֪ҵǲС
ʱٶȿãͻһӰĿ첽ƫƧ̧ͷĴʱúϪ˵Ŀײţ沿һԼٱ¶ʱҵıܿȺָԺķȥ
̡ϪӰ
˼ɵС㡣
عңȥٻأĪҪԶΣջʱ㣬ءϪߴٵ
̼ûֵأֻýżһ׷Ӱȥ̵ӰʧϪһ̻ǰԼȫԼ
ҿ˿¥̫ۣ켣ڴ˿ֵĴУΪ
ɾϪһµãڵľͻȻһ죬漴ڽܵĹУָһƬڰ


76 Ҳ
Ϫͻıʾԭ, ĺö˶¥ڵ㳹ףľֻԼ۾⣿
ڶݵļž, ͻȻϸС˵ЦŻ˼ߵӦԼһĿϪͷԶ
ǿԼ侲ԤдӲֵ״һʱ֮ΪʹԼ״̬ҧ֮ϡ
ҵʹϪһ´ϢĻѳ, ڵĺţ漴סĽࡣ
ǵõ֮ǰĲԶӦиӣ̽Եеķȥ˵ķƺ, Ҳڴ󺣵
ʵʱ, Ϫ΢̤ʵЩ, ʼٵǰ״
¥ʱ, ˲٣ͻȻȴҲ˾, ˵Ԥ֮С
ʱ, ָǴģıȻ, ȻЩ˶Ȼǲ¼Ȱźõ, 벻ȫǡ
ǲԼĿ, ڼ֮ȴַŵףȻǱ˺֣ųż䣬ָĵƱϨˡ
ɺϻǲ׼ʱ䣬֮䣬Ϫƫߡ
̿˵ǻ𣿻˵ֻһɽļı
뵽ϪԼдˣԭΪôӽ£ָոͣҪҲ̫ȴδǵ͹Щ˵Ĵ
Ŵʹ̫ѨϪҧֻоһȵƫƴ֮ȴֺһƬ
뵽ŷµĽҩüͷ©ƫҹ꣬ҩĸþ졣
뿪ˣйҪ׷ԶӦҲע⵽¥еֻһƬڣ̼ʹҲ޷λá
óȻ֪µ˲һҵԼԼҪӦǾѹԼĴڸУҪκ˷֣ŻѰ뿪ķ
Ϫϡǵ÷ָŵķ򣬵Ǵ˿ȴҹȥµƺŴ˿ܣȥͶ
ϪһĪչʱ򣬴ϸС÷˵ԻŮ˵ĽЦںڰڻ±η塣
ϪⳡΪ׼ģüͷֻоЩ飬ÿ˿ʱһֻ֮
ʱϪͻȻһЩԾںڰ̤ǲ٣ʱʱȺ˷ıԹͻȻ֣ЩԹĽǳɰΧ֮Χ£

Ѿ֪Ĵλãô£ԼкСĵˣҲעκλעľٶ
ʲôЩ˵ע⣬ڵʺԭء
Ϫֱӣһȴͷѣŭһ䣬ȻҧȺУвϱ任λá
ڼⲻ˱ǣסϪֻܷƿߵˣôĶֻЩѰ˵ע⣬һѭһ㣬ƣ쵽ٽ㡣
־УϪʧȥ˶ʱİҵԼѾ˶ãжãҪҪʹ˷˵ץסŻҲʧΪһְ취
ֹסѣкĲʣ֪ƺץסûа㷴
һӴܣϪʧȥ˶Էİѿأδţδͨ¥ʲôѾȫȻ֪ȥץֻ¡
Ϫʱһֲֻ֪Ӻδεץסһ±㽫ק˹ȥӦѾײһĻС
ϪʶľҪһ̧֣˱εĿסʣС˵Ϫҡ
ϪһЩŵʵ
Ĵһǳǳĺ§ɿЩػңҵˡ
ȷǰϪһж˾һ㣬˫һҪϻȥ
ϪһȵסϪӡ
ϪվסץŰֽʵôҲ˵ڿջвҪ֪֪Σա
§ϪŶԷʣ򴽣ϪĲʵϪ֪ΣΪʲô
˶٣ֽһ䣺㿴ȥô࣬ҿﲻ
Ϫһ㶣û뵽ô˵°еĻ˻ȥջУ仯飬ԼͻȻת̬ȡ
ˣײôֲֻᷢԼķº͵ѡ
ϪͷԶԹĻٶץŰ˵Ȳ˵ҵҵģ㲻ܺҴһ飬ȻҲᱻǣȥġ
Ϫ˿̵״̬յһ붼οڳ˵İû˳ƿԷԽ§ڻС
Ϫ߰ڵΣȴԴ˵ҪƿңҪˡ
ܱߵĶϪļ٣ڲǺͰʱԼ֮Ҳգ±޹أһȥ
ϪӦİȴٶȿڵʹңҲǿԱϪġ
ţϪֻо˱ţٵȺдû·ͻȻǱһ㣬ŶԷĶı任λá
Ϫлعζ뷽ԼӴʱͬĶ䣬ʹȴδо˵ж衣
˿̿üϪԷֹסĲԼ׹ڶԷѯʵ
ûϪ˵𣿰ҶԴɻ˵
Ϫ˰ΣεĵЦദã֪ܰǰ̫ãԼ˶Էʵ£̫ûúùĶԷ
¥ˣ֪ܿϪѸٽһʵ
࣬վһһڵϡͣ¸ýŲشϪ⡣
ȥ¥ѰƧĵط¥ʱЩ¥ݿ˿أ㲻ҪðաϪеһʹЩĽ
ͷϪģĿֽϪ̵󣬶ϪһҪץңǧɿ
Ϫս§Ű˫ۣ˵ͷڿĶڵ֪ġ
õϪĻӦѸٵչжϪ˿̱ۣ죬ʡЩ
ܿϪоͣ˽Ų漴ӵ˫ҲɿˣæӴ˫۵ŲڴӰϻȥ
ϪѯʣܵͻȻԼϷȥʹҲܸܵԼԽԽԶ
漴ܵһ㵹Ҳ࣬˫ȹסʹԼצһʸڰ
ͰķΧϪʶ״˿̲ǳѯʵĺʱ죬ܵС
ܿ죬Ϫ˹ʲôͨ¥¥ݿڶ˿أʹԼ˱һ;Ȼѡһ
˿Ӳͽ¥ϣϵ¥ݲûȥСĵűԵͷߣֱȷױص˷֣ŷ䵽࣬˳ϵ˶¥
Ϫ֮ǰ֪ܴ󣬵ȴ뵽Ѱ£⵹Ҳ£Ȼѵ㾢ϪԼҲǰ첻
ɴ˿̰ϻԼôһˣȴɵĴˡ
ϪоԼѯϪڶ¥ˣô죿
ŰվȽźϪ˼Ȼаָ֣ⷼҲǼ򵥾뿪ģ˵Ҹ˵ķȽȥܱܡ


77 
Ϫ, ſȥ٣ԷӦû, ղ뿪ʱ̫żŹȥʱҲΪעϣ˿̶ڷλЩģ
ٳûжϪɻôˣַʲô𣿡
ͷϪ˵ԼĴ㣬Ϫ΢΢һ㶣򴽵ҵǲ뵽Ĺ㾹Ѿ֮Ե
Ȼǵȷλã⾰Ҳð, ҼӰɡ˵Ϫס죬ֻоһķڡ
״˵ֻǻҵĿϪ, ˲Եһ, Ϫһ·С, תһշ
ϪڷеĴ֮, ϪߣĺϪ
Ϫ˱ۣѹӵĲ, ̧Դ, ˵ģû, Щۡ
еˮۼҪס, Ӳû, ϪڶˣñϪҡ
Ϫ˿뵽ڵľ棬ŰķԥӴæֽϪ
ϪŰ֣ĿεĿڵһҪ㣬ЩΣգҲһȥԸ......
˵ֻҪϪҪģҶԡϪѻ˵꣬ѾһӦ
Ϫۣǻе㷺ᣬϰգĦ£ٶ˵һڴңȥ
¥˿أ㲻ǽĿ꣬ӦЩȥʱЩ˷֣ҵ̺˵ıº۾Ӧǲ⡣
ϪĻͷٳûлػϪ˽ԥʵǲǲԸú£ȥҲУ취
ǵģҲ£ô죿ˣ˭㣬ҪΣˣҲġŵҡҡͷڶԷ״̬ôİϪһ¡
û£ģ¥µ˻û뵽Ҵ˿ڶ¥õǷңһŵסȥ̻ǲź뿪Ϫܵİ
ϸϸĿϪһۣȻһҧӦ֪ˣϪңϾͻ
ܵĳߵ¶ȣϪٿһգȻƺܸоǰĻͷĶǰĺڰһĨЦݡ
ϪߣһͷԵڴ֮ϣ亹˳ջ䣬Դһö̡
ڰһийٶŴϪõԼڵĴϢкбվҵĶš
ŬʹԼ񣬺ҵ˼ʹԼѡ
ʣǷͰһģ
־أǽ찲˵˿̵ѾµУܵĶԴͨ巢
ʵԶԼΪǿĶ࣬Ȼ½ص֪ʶһ֪⣬ǰ쳣񣬻ѳɳĳ
ڰУʱжϱдʹϪȴ̲ס˯ȥֻоƤǧһ㣬ÿ÷Ѿٶ
ֱٶűƿϪĵķӦ˽ˡ
ֱ֨±ůʺ򴫴ʱϪ͵һ۽ʪ⻬
Ϫô죿޴ĿϪΪԾİθˡ
Ϫæס֣ڵû£Щ롣
漴Ϊ˱ⰲ̫ģ򰲵Լܸоһ˵Ĵڣỽ̣
С㣬ʧְ˶ԷȦףһȾأ㻹𣿡Ļӡ֤ݡ
̰ȻĻϪʱͷԶڵǽҩĸãҸһȰģ˿Ȳ׷ȥз֣
׷뿪ȥԺ˱ûӰҾû׷̫ԾͲԺұ㾶ֱ˻
ߵָⷼĵƾͶϨˣǰָⷼҲΣδ£һصУоȺмϢ볣˲֪ͬ鲻á
ҲţֻСĵıЩˣҪѰС㣬ޣ󾹻ǰСҵҡ
̵ĻϪüͷ΢壬ָⷼûôˣаճȥ
̶Ƭ̣ڵŵƸϨʱԷֻδλʱҪߵף˿֮̽ؽ˿ܣԼһ˲һĻǻмְա
Ȼûش𣬵ϪѾ˼ҪԼͰһĻûʲôϣ
ӺɺǺһģϪͻȻ£Ťʵ
ٶǣٶǸˣӦò۸ġͷ
ٶѲɷָͷ𣿡Բ廰
Ϫ̣ϵ٣
˵ʶ˵⾩Ǿû˲ʶģǷָͷƣ缸⣬ǧ⾩ǣΪľǼһ档
ǻӺɺǣĻӦ̫ģȻֻǷָģĻ֮вԹ˶ɵЩ
̰Լ֪˵˳ҲЩɻˣôô̵ʱڹϵܵġ
ȻˣǱ۵£˵ǲһǰȫġϪЩԭðҲһȥǱߡ
Ǹܵϵ밲ǲȰ
̣С㣬ӦΣǶһȥϰæ
Ϫ̵ܾ飬ҡͷ̫㲻ǵǻ췦ˡ
һʱ֮˳ĬϪǣ˼Ƭ̣˵ȳȥҪռһЩ鱨
ϪŻص˶¥ȴ֮ϷȻδˡ
Ѱ˸ƫƧĽϪŰС뿪żʱ¼˻ͷ֮ǼҲδ뿪ָܷҵǵӰ
С뽫°Эʣ̽ӻ
ǣǶⰵߣֱӴû֤֤ݺȣ˺͢ٵҲǱ˳ǵ⡣
ֻҵǵλñǣԵĲع˼ɡϪǽԼǽ֮УСԼĴڸУȻһ£ʾǿȥ
ϪȻ̬̺ͰҲͲԥת뿪
̳ϰ䣬йٱȳȻڰ޷аڼֲһȱ㣬ڰп˵ж磬ܿ˱صϪߡ
С㣬ҺͰСȷϹżֻʣһˣһŮӶһ˲ټǻһ˱֮УҶȷ˱ǲ¡̽̽Ϣ֪Ϫ
վϪߣŵĹ۲ŶԷ
˵Ƭ̲ϪڵҲƶҽ벻أ˼ɵĻ켣С
Ϫһͷ͸ŨŨĲмٶȿڵî˾Ȱƣ˵ֻ֮ڴתȴ֪Ҳ˸ףűµ֪Ϊδһʲ
С㣬˵......̷·µϪ˵ʲôӻ
ϪȴЩٵĴĻ˵Ƕ˵ӦһµģͰȥⶫȡǵöЩҪ
ҲҪмǣҪСģǲɲǿ󡣡
ӦһʾϪģȴûж˵ʲôкһŤͷߡ
о˵뿪Ϫ˦˦ͷЩãĿǰڰ̬ת䣬ͷһ˿ĸܡ


78 
δϪͷ˿ĸܵʲôʱ, дһŭȣֵĻеҲԵжͻأ
ϪԵĸо·ֵ֮궯˼, ϡżŴ֪֮ӦѾ֡
Ȼû˾ͻصߣС㣬Ѿõˡ
ϪӦһԵķ·ȥЦΪָƻһ, ȴ֪˫ڰڰΪãȻҲΪá
˵ס֣߰˭Ҳ뵽߻Ĵڡ
ϪĻһ£ǰһѣ, ˱ϵȥ, һԵİһѽ̻ػ, Ϫ, ôˣ
üϪ֪ԼٽˣŰڵ, ˿̲¶Ȼ˸ֲ, Ϊ˾ץסе˸֡
˿̺Ժܲ뿪, ȫ㱾ˡ
˵⻰, ϪֻоԼ˼ȻƮƮץס, һ̱Ҫʧȥ֪§סĵҪ㱣ˣңҽˡ
ĽۿɬȻҪػȴϪ΢˵
ǵã˭ţֻ㡣
漴üͷһϪûͻȻһգֱ죬һз·һ˲ž
С㣬С㣬
ֱ̽ĺž˰עܵдϪ¶ȣܸܵԷǳǳıϢ͵غһʼҵĿԡ
С㣬С˲ٵľƣַҩܳŵʱǲףϢʱ䲻ˣǵץʱ뿪СĵעܣŰٵһڵ״
˽ееظ̵ĻϪֻҪϢҪԺúϢĵطȥ
С㣬ҪС㽻ңСȥ̹ڵľ棬
ûӻϪСĵıڱϣȻֱ˵ˣһᱣϪģ¾ͺá
ЩȻܸоϰ䣬ǶԷڳ֮޼˵⡣
ҹӵˣ˿԰쵽
˦ҵͷѾѸٵĵԼ״̬ڶ¥ѾʼеͺŰ˼źԺĴƿһЩ϶⿴ȥ
¹ԭ򣬵ϡԼܿһЩԺرȻһ֣ϪԤϵĲࡣ
̹һ˫ʵ˵ףµˣðϪ뿪Ӧò⡣
˴Ťͷ԰˵һⴰ£ҵ·Сһסλġ
˵⻰ҲȰӦƿ㷭£صʱľһƬҶûз죬Ҫʾⰲоһһͣפߡ
̲ĿְѾȵ࣬ӦǱǴߴٵߡ
ߡһ£ͷǰȥ
˲˼ǰԺĺųţͷһϲ
漴űعϣӰǰסȥ·ͣ½Ųסŵİ
䱸Ľַŵĵϣʱ׼ǰ˲ɱһ
űߵӰûжһĽŲ̺ܿͰͱΧС
̹һ¶ԷͷһȻԤĶ˲٣֮ǰԶʹ޷ֹ̫̽ˡ
ҪȫȻ뿪ǲˣµüѪ
˫䱸һʱԺԭ͵ķΧͻȻһ
Ӵô£ĪǸΪץһȥộ
̲ҶΧͻȻж˾һ㣬ʼԥ
ɱûǣҪץӣǾٶһˣҲǳ룬ǴһﶼʡЩǰſˣҺøϽ뿪ʱͷǾ˵ҡ
Ժе˾þûлӦһͷˮ֮ʣֻԺ˻Ӧ
ү......
˵˽˵꣬ǰֿڵҿûʱ⳶ƤǲÿұԼߡ
䣬̱ǰһһǳɫӰӹԣǼжȥٶ֮죬̶޷塣
Χ˱ͻȻţȵסţű򿪣ˣȥ֪ͨˣ
ϡ
ͻȻһСѣ̿ϪɫӰǰȥҲæϡ
ǰǵӰλ仯Ī⣬ǹȥ˽˵½ǶΪȺ׼һš
¸Ǽķ㣬ֻ轫Ե˱˱ǡ
ڲЩ˶ǰͷΪɵҳȫ˼ˣ̺Ͱһ·˳ſڣֻſڷһԾ˻ص̵󣬽ſƵǰ
ʶǶˣѾͬһʱ̧һ߿ǰľţ˵͵͵ĺЦһ̳ţֽŹϡ
̺ͰͷԥǱߵʱǰͷͻȻһ⣬ôڰ֮УͻȻէֵĹ˲ʵۡ
ߴȿϵ˺ǹڣ̵۾ˡ
ǱȴǲĻصĥĥģϽϳ
ſ壬Ǳ߾ͣһɻԷ֮ʱѾֱ
С㣡̾ɵĺһ
ˣٲȥǾͱˡ
ˣļͷȻԽֻøϽϡ
һϳ⳵һ˦ʱ㿪ˡ
ҲѾӦڵĹߣſ⳵ϳ˺ͷӣŮͷһɺ
ɺ̵ı½ĿͶһһŮ
һǳɫĳۣųᣬҡţţòӣһµЩƣˣĸо϶Ҫˡ
ŮӺһۣԵʳóһݹȥ͵˰ɡ
ӲĽӹ룬ϵıʱҴҹδ̫˰ɣĪǶ......
еĺȻô໰ΪʲôҲû¡ŮӺڵķ˸ۡ
̿ﰵԾѾϳӵݣŮȴûӡ
С㣬ʶˣ̵ͷСԵİ
ҡҡͷĿʼͣפڻ˯еϪϡ
Ϊƶǵģɺû¶棬ӦòԴΪжݵģڵ֪ʶԷ̲
ӵķ§Ϫ˵ϵζٶķſŵ
̶һ䣬Լ˼˰˼ΪٹϵãҪͷ˳֣ѲǷ롣
ζʲôζСҲżˣ̧᲻ȷߵŮӡ
ģǺŵζʻ̧ͷ
ѽС˵ҺƷλϲЦտĺеӡ
̼״廰նлү
źߣϵңЦʵ
үṦ裬Сֵ̹
ǰһŮӻҪֵӣǸԷ竹ھǣҵĶ磬Ҳǵ̫ٸ˴Уˡ
˴з⣬㲻ˣ䱾ҲǸӣΪٳҲ⡣
ǵһһ˵Ҳѵõġ˴ĵͷ
ѯŮӵݣǰͷһŭȣ漴ͣ


79 С
ͣ, ϵ˲Լͬı졣
⴫ĺ󵨣֪⳵ϵ˭, СҼҴ
ҵҪλˣ꼴ԵҵˣԻǸ
ͷһͻǲŷֱ𲻾õĲµ
Ȼʹָⷼ󣬲Ҳ׵ķŹ, ֣ⷬ¿˵˷۱ôܾԷ֣ش˿ָⷼ󸽽·϶˿أҪͷӦǲˡ
̿۶˺Ĺ˴, Էһ, ڿλС㡣
˺޾ɫ, Ҳ, ǳ簮үٴҲҶԹ˴
㿴ʲôǼһҳɲã䲻Ҷ, ȴǻὫִ, ʱҼ˴뿪ν, СģҹԷָ뿪, պ, ˵˰ɡ̶Լ˴ʼ˵
˴еĻ̵ԷĻ˵ֱӣ治档
뿪ѯʱֻͷܻҿǵʱˣҪǸҾͺƴˡ
ͷЦҵҪλˣ㲻ҽյʸƽǷе֮ǵô˲ˣպҲúע⡣
ϵ˳ٳٲ¶棬µȻƶ϶ϪˣǾܰ⵽ѼӾôװ׷ܵġ
ԭϪΪľϺ֮£ܹԱ±䶯еҸӣϪڵĴӣΪشƫƧû𾩳ߵע⣬Ҳ˹⡣
ֱǰЩӣȥǱߣСطſʼ
ҪǴϵֻ̫ۣϪ뾩֮ǰ´á
ԸһŮõֶΣڶ֣ϪİѱŮ˻ǵöƴӡ
οճ֮δϸڷָУǿˣϪǸɶõˣĳȡ
ϪǺúϣԸãϧδزϪ翹˺⾩ǵ˶֪ŮǸ֮ˡ
ţһʧڣͷȻҲҪµģʱε֮ƱҪѡ¶תתǵ䵽С
ңŷ΢Ļζۿͷ˼̱Ҫڣ̵ĺ߳һƬϸܵ亹
˴иæУ֧֧ĽصʳС
СĺһۣʱһǣɣǺȵĲ٣Ȼҵǰ£ҵǺܺ棬ҪŴ£ηӦ
ͷݵİһһŲԣ¾С㣿Сô
ںδѲɻҪܴͨ𣿵ǲܴ޹ҵ෬ʣѲɽղܴǳ˳ȥطνĺһ𣿡СüһĽ˳ȥ
ֻо˫Щ˲һŵ亹ôҲ벻طλڣ⾩֮Уϳ˵ӣκһλȥģƫһλ⡣
νõĲ黵飬ײš
С㣬˵ĵĻҪ֪ݣǲҶ԰ֻ֣ǽ³ͻȻҲŸɳȺͿ£С㺣ĪҪСⲻˡ
СƺԲףһ̧˿µƻķָ󣬼ܴ£д£ҲôҸУʱҪҡ
طƵúܣһҲٴȥЩÿСҪظˡ
СеĴ½һٺͲ˵仰˼
ͷ֧֧һ˺üԼ²ۣȴûУﰵʾϣܿڶЩʲôˡ
˴ҡӣЦĶСͣ˼ǣ㻣ס
С˫Ŀһţڳָ£ͷ˳ĸŭ:˵ǻûˣǼС뿴Ϳ𣿡
ʲôؽ磬ˣʲô˼۸ǼС𣡿ǵģǼҴ֪ˣ˼ôʰǣ
⣬˵ĻҲĳ˿ǰûҪ˺С˼ֻǣֻʵЩҪСǧҪϡ¸æҲ
ȴû˵ĻᣬǻϽÿ˵ô࣬ٲȥҼҴôСظԴˣʱһܣ
ųĻ˿һǲֺĴֵģһ˶ǰֺģҪȣôҡ
˵Ҳ٣һλѰҪù˿Ҳʼҡ˭Ҳܱ֤Ϫ֮ڣΪһȷ̯ôգʵǻ
뵽һҧӱ۵·ÿС뿪
һ˦ٶȿʼ̺ɺʱһ
ڲ¹άĻУԶ̿С㣬ͻȻ˶Էݡ
ɣپƷǳ͢Ҫְ⾩֮˽ŵġ
С̵ӡУڸλĹԱǱֻл壬䷢޸ʢƣϥֻһλŮӯɡ
δλ֮ŮǿǰλСʮа˾žˡ
һλǽ±˵ͨˣһͬˮ˫ŷҪѹԷһͷЩĲ١
˵⻧ȲǲµԱҲֻһƷǹٴһѹˣοǶԼҡ
Ҫ֪ⱦŮڲίǵΪҪҲΪŮͷʱְٺСͷɴñҲûܡ
תۼ˻鸮ϣһ˴֮ϲֺõЦС㣬ףôˣͼҳٶһ£һظ£
ӯбһۣΪͷ۵̾˿ʾ⳵˴еģϽߡ
˴елӣ뿪ʧ˵С
ӯ֣ʾ⼸˸Լš
ԥһºɺһ򰲣бϵϪһԲĸӯɽţ̶Ҳֻϡ
źӯע⵽˰ϵϪȽȥͷɣ
˵ӯɱߵ˹ǰȴ˿һҡҡͷ˵ˣϪұͺãҪˡ
⻰ӯĿڰϣƬ̺󽫵Ⱥ˻ˣڵ㡣
һ·ҵãͷֺͻһһǰͷϻһλŶӣ˿ĵӦþǻˡ
ˣ˵˶ʱֹ˻ͷͷСȻ䣬ѧл˺Сˡ
~ĵĻСºҳݡӣЦ
˵˼䣬ſڵ̣Ѿͬǣھʣ⼸Ǳסɡ
̼æлֵ~СС£ϵѧڼ䷿ҪһǰõʱҲˣӯɣȥͷ°ɡ
ˡӯһż뿪á


80 
ӯɽ˵סźú, δ˵ʲôֻ˵ʲôҪ︮˵, 뿪ˡ
ԭӯɰŵһһ䷿ģǰִҪϪһ䣬ҲҪ˴ְæӯҲûм֣︮լӹ󣬿һ䷿Ҳ
̼Ǹһ䣬֮︮УȴȻٵİȫ, ɺͻҲȻȥϢǽҪȥŰϪ
ȷֻʣ°Ϫʱ򣬰վϪĴߣͷӴϵˣ֮СĵĴ˴Ϫ, ȻŲĿڴ, о, ü滺, Ķӿڴߡ
ϣһξƣϰֻҪϪһ, Ǿʮ, ÿʱÿ̶ܳʵʹ, ȴо
ſһ, ıǼ, ֧ӣϪᣬĳ
ϪзָЩŵζȻЩ˵ĺһЩðòϲЬϴϪ°ӵԶԶġ
ִ˿ʱЩͣ˶
˿̵ϪΪЩ³Ķбĵڴϣһͷ˿ҵ£岻Ϸų죬ʱų΢ĴϢ
֧ӣϪϷĿʪĶϪճʶĸ˼֡
ϪıϢϣлζҲûôš
ͻȻм⣬ãĽԺ󣬷˿Ϫ֮ϣΪϪüԴһ¶һ˳ļ羱ߡ
΢У򴽺ͷһ£Ǳʲôƻһ㣬ȥŲĩ̽Եһ
ϪĺһЩֱӣϢ۲ϪԷûҪѵ˼ַ
ָԼ׹ĵط򴽰̵ֹ꣬ġ
ۣȥϪϵûϪͬ⣬ǲԵģϪ᲻ģܾٶϪķзִ硣
ɵϪߣȥϪĿڣ㶵ĳ񣬺ܿڶнУ硣

Ҳ֪˶ãϪǱѵģɤջǵģĭܼѡ
ԵɵɵۣǱƻĹâۣʵƫͷпɢһصһ͵˫ۡ
ֲõͷԺϷһϸܵĶ񺮣ȴо۱ʲôѹŶá
Ϫֹסӿʼ΢΢Ĳԥ˺һŻתͷ߿ȥ˭ʱһ˲
ֻĸ첲˿˯㣬аӦûзԼе£Ϫۣ̫ѨͻͻʹţƺĶֱ֮ϴڡ
˶񣬴ӻָ˿СĵĽ첲ӰĽгʹСģһǾ˯еİ
ϪǸĿʱŵ۸ֶȥ
Ϫ״˵䣬һſڣɤӱ̶תΪһҵĸɿ
ϪôæסϪգеʵ
˵ֻҪúϢУǲǲȥ˰æһ£......
Ϫһסȥ˵İɤ˵ȿȣû£żȣҿ ҵݱˮ
żæŵȥˮһݸϪԼˮСĵϪߡ
Ϫһˮ󣬸о˶˲٣ǰģЦŽקԣ˵ĶԣֻҪϢϢͺˣģû¡
ϪȷʵȷſȥɫָһЩһֱŵĶʱˮʱߵһµ
˵ˣϪһΪϪ㣬أ㣬۸ң
һֱǿûǰ¶ֵİʱֻоԼίĲУһĨᣬһ߿ϪС
㶼˵ҪȥʲôҲҸȥȴȥôΣյ£Һòҵ㣬㻹ߣǸӣҲģϪˣ
Ϫſ˵Ĳ豭ЩȻĿŰû޵ҲԷԼǸøжûڵʱ򣬿ƫ㱦ıŻˮ־⻭ϲС
޵𾢣϶Ϫûаְû֮⣬ҲԼЦӯӯģԽ˳
ˮصķһԣϪŭ㻹Цһ㶼Ц
Ϫ죬ЦȴزסۼҪæЦ⣬ȥǣֺ֣õ֪ˣģ㲻Ҫòã
ǻŭίһϪĺԼ˵ü仹δɢȥƣһ±ˣ
Ϫ϶΢΢ԼУԴڶԷϣٶȿڵ֪ˡ
Ϫ첻ʹڲˣҲôԭϪ
Ϫ˹ǣָ˴գԷԼץ𰲵ķ֣ʮָۣۼ˵
ˣӦúúúģ֪ҪȥģȥʲôˣȥҲÿ飬ȫ֮
ҲߣֻΣգҲ˼ǲܣ......
˵Ϫ˶٣ϵıѾͣŶԼ˵ЦЦͷװա
Улл㱣ҡ
ߺ~ͷߺϪĻʾá
Ϫڽ˺ˣ۵ĸϰ۽ǣѯ۲ۣ´βҪôԺҪǲģίԼͺá
ŤίۣϪҴ
ϪҪӦĻжּæ첻Ȼ˵ҽ˾ƣδѬ㡣
۶Ϫ˵ϪҲ֪ζţΪʲôմô࣬·϶ǡ
ϪǺɢŵ·еԭϲһ졣
Ϫûػְ¶Է֣͵͵˵ζЩһ
ǰ˵ϪǲԸŲӣܿĿѣ㻹˱𣿡
䣬ϪԸоһɻĻȥžડһһε԰Ļеڴ֮ϡ
Ϫע˹ȥ˰ЩƮǶдЦҵǰⶫˣǼһһ˰ɡ
뵽£Ϫѯ֮飬һУ޾ϸĸϪ
ϪӦô˵úúллλٹ뾩ǰҺһǰȥŰݷá
ͷȻϸֵɻϪʵôˣ
Ϫ˵Ƿָ˵֣ŮˣͲģΪʲôһȴЦĺܸ˵ӣѵе𣿡ͷʵ
Ϫ⻰סŮӶ˶ⶣ¥мԸģЦʾˣȴŶٲΪ֪Ŀ
ϪȭĴУǶͻȻлһͷ򰲣˵Ǿ͸ǵĻᣬһض


81 ӡ
, ȥϪ̧ۿ˿ɫĥҪԼ, ʱ䲻ˡ
ͷ´ҪܣϪæЬȥ
Ϫѣ˻صߣϳϪ˼գգۣȥˡ
ϪĿͰţĶеһöͭƵӡ£ʽ㲻þ, Ʋϻ˵Щӡ
ǲˣѹ֬¶ûϴĶ޳У֮ҲΪƷ, һöӡ, δЩͻأ
ǡǡöӡ²Ķ, Ϫָת, ¶·׭̵Ȼţ, ӡǲ˵Ĺӡ
ԱĹӡ, ൱ڹԱˣȨ, һӡ, ڼΪҪ, ԸԱרſܣٲҲһغá
Ҳ֪ϰ߽ӡЯ£ڷָȰʱϪӡһǣδȫòҲȷ
ǲ£֮㲻ҲӦ˸ҵӡȷʵҲδ˵ӡ֮˵
Ҫ֪ȡӡ£ҪǱ֣Ҫд̵ģû˻Ϳȥȴ
Ϫ֪һ㣬ձָֻܱˣӡ¹ȻŴңҲϪ˿ճһ˿
յӡЩˣȻöˣܾ㻹ȥ½ΪǶҪ۵ġ
ſڴŲϪΪǰ̻ˣһ̧ȴɺվſڡ
ҪڴȴԷЩ㶵ĿԼȻֿűߡ
ϪЩĪüͷȻ˳ŶԷĿ⿴ȥֻɢﻹδʰֵͷ˿ԼģҵĴ̣ɢôطЩʲô֮¡
ϪһæԼڣεĿɺ֪νͣȿȣɺǸ룬ʲôûз
֪ģС㲻ضǡɺڶݵԺ󣬱ʼʰϵ
ϪԵĿɺԷʲô˵ԽԵֿƲ˵Ƶζ򴽳ʱδ˯
ɺúãд˵⼸Ƕס︮ұεڿջ˯ţС㣬һȥ˿ջ˹
Ҵҳֺܿ˼óһϪ˵ˣС㲻ڷڣСҪˣȽⳤϰɡ
Ϫɸпɺⷽܵ˿ӻ磬벻ϸڣһ硣
գͻһڷָ󣬺ΣϪʹϾɺŴ£˳ʵŵĻУûἰپôæģɺӦ֪һЩ
ɺæϪʱĿԭƽᣬ˵С㣬ɻǵãǽգλľĹӣ
Ϫ˵ǸƤˣ
ɺͷ˵ӣԭҪȥݷС㣬ǡǣͬеıλľӡ
СľӵȰ˵£ͬľ︮С㣬үľһ뿪ָȥԮ
ҵСͰС㲻֪ԵɣʱܻӲᣬº˵
ϪɺĻЩ³˳ЦȥæҲǾѰɣСӿûȫ
ɺֹסϪĶᣬ˵ҲδʲôүԼģС㣬ҹأСӣСЩĪҪˡ
Ϫԣû룬Ȼɺô˵ˣûȥš
ʱ˰ȵȣȵȣȽȥһˡ
ɺվһԣϪصڣŸϽĵʹϪЩ漴վһԵɺ¶Ȼкɡ
ϪԵЦЦ׻ⷿˣѹЩЩѧࡣ
̽ڣֱϪǰʵС㣬ңӿɺЩˣ
Ϫڰ֣صû£˯һöˣȷ㣬Ǽһﶪ˹ӡ˿Ȼˣȥӡ
С㣬˽ƺ㣬ӡôˣĪǵıȻЩܽܣҲϪ߳·
ǿ϶ҪģΪ⣬͵óӡʧʱӣҲ𷣣򲻵ѣµġϪҡͷ
Сô˼ǣϪô˵̱Խɻ
ϪЦƺңδóѵҲȷʵˣǲôŹӡȥ⾩ǵ¥һˣͷĹ뿪¥֮صģ
̲е¥
⾩¥ɲСͷĹûǧҲкü٣ǵöǮ
ԣе¥Ҫץʱ䣬ڲ֮ǰ°ףЩǮ¥迪۶٣ּۻֱӦ¾ǣǮҲǲǡ
˵Ϫӡµ˹ȥֽ£¶ȻɫֻСģۣȥ졣
ҼǵãһУ㽫ӡ»ǲ£СЩץˣӡδ黹ǰһŷǧСģΪһȺͨϪ
̵ͷʾԼ֪ӡ³ˡ
ϪһԺŵɺ˵ҲϽȥϢϴһ죬Ťͷץ䣬СϪҶˡ
Ϫɺһۣ˽ݸϪû󰲵գɺɺ㿴ֻ鷳ȥ㶫ιιĲİС㡣
СĵĻⶼҷڵ£ȥɺתҪȥ
ϪſںȻһЩҲһԵɡ
ɺĶܿ죬ûñʳлصУһ߽ʳеʳڷϣһ߲˼˵ҲЩ¥ĳʳֻЩҹ۳ڻЩҲһùˡ
ϪߣϪ԰ֵҺͰҲʲô˼ҳ򵥵ãҲһ԰ɡ
Ϫûʲôθڣɺ࣬һڣʵȥ˴к
ɺػСߺʹ︮ˣ︮Էƽû˾סרڽӴˣճڸպʳģǲ⣬ʹñǡ
ҷȥʱ򣬷ʹùĺۼӽطӦûдĿˡ
ɺô˵Ϫͷ˰㹻״˵ԼǰʰˣɺԺõĲ;ʰñ뿪ˡ
Ϫصϣ۵ֿʼ˯ԱҲǴŹǷ۽Ứմû˶
Ϫ氲ȥñӣ£ж϶һУɰյüģ̫ðһͽԼھ
Ǿ£§סŸоԶ̲ס̾ڡ


82 
, ϪſתƣԥҪҪȥ, ȥϪϪ룬Ͱһȥ˷ָ
ϪʹɺĿ֪£㺰Ҳ𷣻ӣ֮ҲǻΣǳں㲻ĸͰһȥָ£ϻǲȡġ
⻢ᣬҲԼʡһˡ
С㣬ˣ
ӯϪſڵʱ, ſصⲽȴȥΪϪӻδָ˻δ𴲡
ӯɵϪæӭͼӽͰ͵ǽӻ, , ˡ
Ϫ̾˿, Ǹ, ӦȥлСģȴ뻹СԹ
ӯɰڰ˵£δŰɣһ𣿡
ϪС֮, ôܾ
ӯɾȻԼ, Ϫ²Щȣӯδı, ҹҵԷʱ, ڻ˯, ԷӦֹߵۣʲôӯɴʱ
и֮룬С¡ӯɶϪӦʾĺƽ
Ϫ΢΢ףС㵫˵޷
֮ϣСֻǰҲСĪҪǣԭɣһ֪С㣬ҿаΣաӯֱϪ˫˵
ףһбСԼǡ
ӯԭΪЩ࣬û뵽䣬ϪʹĴӦˣⷴЩϡ
ֻϪ˽£ɺͻӽлҪ˵ӣϪЦŰ˰֣˱Ǹģӯ΢΢̧ۣϪƽ׽ˣȴҲûʧš
ôţӯɱͷһ
ϪҪȥģҲȥ𣿡
͸żֲӯɵһ˿棬̧ȴǽϪŮӣղͬǣŮϲɴչ¶š
Ǿڶ࣬ʱʹ󹬼ǧģӯɻǱ
ע⵽ߣתͷհæӯɣһЦݶ˻֡
ӯһ㶣ʶĸŻ˻֣ȴĶһϪߣ֪ľмΣϪǸһͷŰȥ䡣
ӯɵſڣͷ˵Ҳûпѹſڵľ
Сȥţͻһ
ΪʲôҲȥ𣿡
ǲУСлҪ˵˶㡣
~ðɣСǺˣϪҪúлл
֪ģʲôɺ˵صңù
ӯԼſЩףɫĹŹֵ˵ĶԻԭⰲϪŮ˵־͸Щ졣
С㣬õˣȥɡϪӯɵߣЦ˵
ϪɾЦʱ׺ӯɶһ۸в߱ʵλС㣬Сã
ǣһλжҵĹϵģǿ𣿡Ϫ֮ǰ˵ǣ͵
ӯɣϵһ㲻񣬻ǱףҹദǱ׽ûܵĶࡣ
ϪЦЦûм⣬ҲöԼͰĹϵ˵ѣԭܵĶ࣬ӯ˵ĽãΪһЩ֪̫ϲ
ӯǸʶȤˣóϪټ⣬Ҳֹס˻ͷ
ԭϪΪӯԼԷӦҲǺһ㣬˼¥ż䣬ǣǲ˼Ժӣ֮︮С
ǿϪɻӯЦô״⾩Ҳ︮˵ȫĵطˡ
Ϫ˼ЦЦӦǸΪˡ
ӯʾǹԺţϪѲþƲ˵ǰ£ĪҪģ︮ĳӲ¥Ĳ
˿ԺھʣϪӯɣϪɲ²ԷҪҪԼ˵ȻĸأӹӯɵݹĲˮ˵ʱӦǲˣָⷼĹھǿǳĺ󾢴󡣡
ϪЦƵǾƣҲǰʧ̬
ӯɣ˵ҵǺܺ棬˺£Ը˵˵
⣬ϪûʲôģӯҲǲУӦ֪Էȥ
̵˵յӯһƽ㲻£ҪҲţ
˵ǺڰУµȴһֱ׷㲻ţǺιʣҲӦǣ
һ㣬Ϫʱʵܼ򵥡
žƵԭˣղӦѺͷָкƴֻһ䣬ƴһŨҵĹ㣬ڼҺȵľƲ٣ϰζʲô
ڰ֮У۾ĸйٱŴֻҪϸЩںڰбζҲʧ㣬ǣСϪпҡҡͷ
㲻Ҳ͵Ĺӡû֮ȥãҵǸ棬ǻںڰ͵ӡġӯЦеʵ
Ϫüһжӯɶ֪Ҳ£²豭ͬЦҵܡ
û뵽ĻشӯЦ˼ʵͲȥ淢ȡӡһ£ǿҪġ
֪С㲻ᣬֳֺõ£ǲġ
Ϫ˶٣˵˵ֽ֮︮УСɱҺαô£⴦ңҸͷ˱ǡ
˼֪ǸˣΪǻŮӯĿϪЩζİӿ
֮ŮȷʵˣǸҵǣ֯Ķңڽ֮ʱȥ֯ڵ࣬лᶨҪʶһ¡Ϫɫ糣Ļص
ӯɿƬ̣ͻȻЦȻǸˣܶҵθڣҲܺ棬ҽյΪʵһ׮Ҫ̸
ĪСҲԺ֮ȤϪЩɻδЩʧ벻ӯҲס
ȻǣҶеûȤҿеˣҲǸмˣɱˡӯɰֵĶԺ֮²Ȥ
ʲôϪ
ӯɣҲ֪ȨͽǮǶ˵׷󣬶ŮȨ̫ѣǮż͵Ķ࣬οˣֶԶĶ࣬¶в㣬Ҫһͷĺϻˡ
ǸʵѡӯɵĻ˵һ룬õͻȻһ
ϪĿԴû뵽طӯɾȻеˡ
ӯʼ磬̧˿ӣ˵±òˡ
߳һͤͤӰһʽ򵥵ĳȹƲͶŵǡô
Ϫ˵ò͵شվʧ¡


83 囿
ڲڹ, 㲻ںЩȽڣ, 囿Щá囿ûаӣʾϪ˵ԼҲ˳
ӯ⺰һܿ˽ϹϾ˫ַɿ˳ȥ
囿ӣϪЦЦ㲻Ҫҷδ֮£ֻڽʶ֮ǰԹ۲һ¡
ϪЩ, ĵһͻȻ˵ȷʵЩϣӯɵЩǧС, Ͼûйְ, Ҳ׼
囿ǹ, ǻʼҵ, ǹְٸߵˣ˻ùԹ£Ͼ˼ҵݰ, ǾͶ̬ǳѧġ
囿ǳʱȷʵʮ, ƫߵչһЦϪо漣ƽ, ɸп囿, ĹʱȻͬ
, ҸγƺȽ׵Ϫ뻹ʵʵ
ԺҶǳĹϵӯһ囿ͺá囿ӯ˵
Ҳ̫н囿ȻǹûĹЩëҪȻҲܡӯʱĲ廰յ
囿ЦЦ˵һֱиģ߳īߺڣҶҲ˵Ӱ졣
˵˴УǼһӣ⵹˵ͨҲڶĻˡӯһ˵
ϪŶ˵ĶԻ𽥷һ죬ͼ囿еĿӣü΢ӯɡ
ӯһ˿ΣӦУҲ˵Ҳ㣬Ƶģ⾩ĸû˵
˱Щ죬Ҳܣǰ˵á囿˵
оЩӲ囿ʱĻɫ˵Ҳ֪ģǸʲôˣͷ㲻Ǵάġ
Ϫգ̽ԵĲ˵Ŀӣյ£ȫӰæҲлüҶҪúøлһ
囿ת˵лġ
˵ˣǵģǿɲΪ˴вž۵ģڲڶˡӯɲµ
ŶԣС˵囿бҪϪʵԵģ׬Ǯ¸Ȥ
ǵģãӻʹ಻㣬һֱҸʵѡ⾭ӪԭӯʵģҪæ֯£㲻ͷˡ
ҵĵڶѡ˼ݣǡñǺʵʱ򣬲ι֮ߣȴǾ̵ѡ񡣡
ޣұиһʱ䣬ѡⷬؾұ˵£ûдӦҾټ㡣
囿ĻϪǴʥ囿;ҹʱ°ɡ
ŵùϣδı棬¾뾩֮ǰһ棬ȴδ㾹˻̻¡
ǡӯ⣬֪ϢԼۿԲ˽һԼ
囿˵ӯȥ󣬻ʱ˺һ鼮ӹҲʮ
㿴ӯɽƵϪֱߡ
ϪЩüô˵ĺúõģͻȻĪ˱֮ģ
ɻϪһõǰһĲһѰķײһддƣ
ϪⱾʽϺͷԾĻΪףдһԣһ±ץס˵ߣ˺龿Ǻݡ
⻭棬Ҵδֱַ̬۵ĸܵء
Ϫδ򿪱̾ѣ囿ӯһЦûнӻϪ¿
ϪȲĴ򿪣Կҳ㷢ʵһӣͬģͷǲͨ׶ַҲһεü
ſҳϪ˽ȥ⻰ӵĺͱߴ˼뷽ʽδġ
ϪСʱҲһر𰮿ӣǿö˱㷢鷻ĻӴǧƪһɣ⣬ûã㱻ˡ
Ȿڵķչȫ޷ƾľԤУ̲סһҳһҳ¿ͷķչ
囿ϪϸѾõҪĽ֪ôȥǵõȵڣѵϪȽŷš
ϪЩ˼ķ飬ͷЩδǺ˲ò
ȱ䣬ٿⱾӯҳһŵϪС
ϪͷȥֺͷǱһֻǷϵĻһźĴ򿪣ŷݽһģͬһͨƪǻֻռ˼Сһ֡
Ϫ಻Ծֱ飬ĻʱĶģӡһĻС
̧̾ͷһʱ֪˵ʲô
囿Цһ˵һοˣӦ㻹õġ
Ҫ̸Ǻейأ뿪鷻鷻ר鼮Σ囿Цʵ
һ⻰ϪѸٹһ飬˫͵һпΪ
囿ԣϪʼǱ˵д˺˵дֽĻӲͬΪС˵
ȻָǱȫǻ˵ģ˵˲⣬ΪҲɡ
ô룿
Ϫü˼Ƭ̧̣ͷ˵ǶأѰ鼮ǲͬҲ֪ܼ֣ܽҵ˼·Ļ
С˵ѰӵĲԲ̫ĹʱͳɱͣԽΪͷƣһ̶ϱ˽ܺٽΪС˵ĸƳгΣһļƻ
囿ͷӦĴͬұ㽻㣬Щʱҵûعһ
ϪЩ˷ܵĵͷ̲סҪȥС˵ӯһѳߣ˵˵ôãϽԷɣֲܡ
ϪεЦЦʽʼ꣬ԵһϪʵ囿ΪСʳصǮƣΪλҪ⣿
囿üͻȻԳһ˿⣬ʲô¶һǳЦݣ͵͵ΪмҪɵ£ΪҪܶǮ䲻ԴȴҲûʲôǮƣЩڻʼң囿
ϪģȾͷӰӦѽЩ»鲻Խȥȡȥı䡣
˱߳Աģ囿˵Լ鷻Ĵ룬ϪǣԷǵ˼˼ãźǺĿꡣ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôżҪ뾩֮ǰöΪϪ֮£Ϊƹ£϶ҪܵģĻ˳ƽ鷻һϣõʱ
һٷϪ囿˲ϧ֮飬˵ͬǵһｻ̸֮䣬ࡣ
һηãϪʱ囿һ鶼ߣϪʵ囿ͲҽݳдԼĲ
囿ص˲ã˲ɣҼѡ㣬׼㵱ҲӦеġ
ϪЩж䣬囿˵ߣݲдһ룬ˣòһ룬ҲͽȻ㲻ǰ㲻˵ˡ
Ȼ޼鲻̣ҷŻЩж~Ϫûĸпʽ囿˸ȥ
ĿϪ뿪囿˻صãӯɰ囿ʵȻҪȥ˰ɣ
囿ͷʵôˣ
ӯɺߺ̾˿˵ǽ飬ҵ񫶼ˣȥŹ˴УǴߴС˵һ׺ʱд꣬ⶼ˴ˡ
囿ЦˣӯҡͷҲ֪ˣЩѪҲв۰Ͱ͵ĵţ㲻ϡ
Ļ˵žν֢ݣ׿˵ʵ֪ҿ뽫ָ֪㡣
ӯæֵǧ˵˵˾û˼ˣһʵȰɣĽ㣬˴Щöǵһ㡣
囿üЦʹˣһңЩΪ˺ҿģרŸ׼ġ
ӯûס˸ۣ˱ˣͲ囿ǰ˴У˵˴б˸Ƶģܽҭ
λ˹ʲôãһ㲻ãһͽй˴С


84 Ҫծ
̻ʱǵڶҹ, ︮ʱ򣬿Ϫĵŵ, һʱȥϪ
С㡣Ϫķš
Ŵ򿪣Ϫ˳ֽϣ˵ȥ˵
ԭӯɾ͸һ˰һ䷿ڰҪϪһסԭŵǼ䷿Ϳ˳
̸Ϫ߽ڣʵС㣬Ѿ˯ˣ
ϪͷӦڻ, ϱ㰾סˣҲã̫ˣǸúúϢһ¡
̹ţϪǰ, ͷŲٵ鼮, бīһ, ͷīδ׸͸, ɼϪǰɹеС㣬ӿɺЩˣ
, Ǿƺȵö, ˯һˣµġϪȥ鼫, ʹѾʱɿȥȡ
ô, ҹʱҲûˡ
Ϫʻ, ̵ѵõĸֳЩЦ⣬ЦС˵İˣǵ¥ȥˣԼһĹﶼҲиԸµġ
Ҳ൱ӴҴûʹĻǮ˵ĹӡҲѾͻȥˣܸż͵ñ˵̤ơ
ϪĵͷҹµĲ죬ǵõһЩ⣬αĺһʵǿɴкˣ
ȻºİЦѣֱС𣬲ѧЦЦԴµĻӦʵ֪
Ϫûҡҡͷϼһ治֪ǿһҡ
ʱű죬ɺһ˽̵ͷ⣬Ϫ߽ϵ鵽Ϫǰ
С㣬ҹˣԵҹټɡ
Ϫӹ룬ʵæôãǵóԶ
ɺ⣬ӻĶ࣬Уȥ˹
ҹæڣҲۻˣϽȥϢɣԵɺ͵㷿ڡϪڰ̸ϽȥϢ
̵ͷҪ뿪ȴϪһûҪϢ˼ͣ½ŲСӻûȫϢĺá
õģֻǴ˿û˯⣬ԻȥϢġϪлŻ۾ȴϷŵ鼮еҲٳٲС
һ˿ΣҪ뿪ͱϪסԷֱһûȥտҸ롣
ӹϪе飬ЩĪӦˡ
ЩʱɺԵ͵̷ʱʵС㻹δЪ£
ôȥǵðˡɺЩǵ˵
̳ϪǼ䷿ķһۣ΢΢üɺ˵ٹʱС㻹ЪϢȥҰС㣬˵¡
ɺ˵ˡ

պϪ︮ݵ徻ʱˣùţֱŰݷá
Ϫǲȣ⼸շô£ǿ϶ԼֵĳԤϵˡ
С㡣ֶϪ
Ϫ֣ʾⲻ̫˵ͺá
Ҫ㴫һյһЩˡ
ֵҲºֱӿڽĿġ
գϪ˳̣˶δ︮ϪҲûصȥͷΪ֪ЩʱȻ֪
ֵͨĽϪ֪̽ӡȥĵڶ죬»δüӹӡʧõлҪծ˱Ѿſˡ
ԭôϪҪӡΪҵԭһֱ޻ᣬ̽ͻȥĵһ²ǣϪ뽫ִ˽ｫӡͻ߶ʲôҲδ
ΪϪǴĻͻôϾϪһССĻ̺һɶֱѻʯյҲţϪȥ״Ҳûʵʵ֤ݿ
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ȻܼڿЦĵȥȴԼſǱΧ˸ˮйͨǾľһŵſڡ
ķͷҲΧסòߺ콫Լķ˸ӻظڡ
˵һߵĲܷˣԭԭ֮ʱߵԼſȴΧסҲһҪϮŵһѪɫʧ
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ͷֵֽдҪ»ŲµĹӡ
ܷ䲻£ǲµˣ¶Ҳӡʶõġ
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Ҳ̲סȤ˼䣬ȻͻȻһתʼĿ佱ἺΪˣ顣
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޾˲µֱϵ²֮ٺ꣬أǹٽһƷٺһꡣ
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Ϫһ⻰֪ӦѾ֪˹ҹԼ£ڸڿԳﲻˡ
뵽Ϫ˵⼸ձֻˣȥС˵һٸڼ䷿
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˵һָָһֱޱվһԵ̣Ϫ״Щԥ⣬ô˵
ܾͻһϵģ͵͵ЦһͷߵĻʱ˿ڣӦûȫƾС


85 л
, ϪͷȥҰ
Ǳ߰ɺǰϪû鿴Ͷ룬ԭǿŻʶ½ϵ, öҲû˼ˡ
һû飬ͷЩ̫ӱϪҲģڰδϤǰ俴ǷЩףͲסĺأûΣϪͽеͶˡ
, ϪãԼӦҲ˴⡣
ɺӳû̫¶Ҳٱ¶öϪ, ûСѾͷҲȥˡ
, ɺϪ, ǰ˵ע⡣
ɺæվ, Щ˼ĺС㣬˷ܵĿϪ̧ͷϪ, Ĺ˼, ˵ĺǰЩ鶼һ㿴, 潲Ů......
, ֪˼, ȷһˡϪԴ˰û
Ӱø̫֮̾ˣȥþǾе֮ԤϣϪѾľˡ
Щĵþе飬粵ⱾĲһ......
˵ҪšϪʰŶ
ϪĻҲ飬ϪȷϵҪţ
Ϫͷɺ䣬ȥ׼ŵˣǰٹǾҪȥˣʱ䣬ȥݷһС㣬лл֮ǰİæ
Ҫȥ٣֪ҪţҲʱе飬ʱһǩ
ɺһܿϪ˵Ѿʰ׵һ˱ţΪ˶ҽ
ӯԼҪæԴ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ˣʱϪȥ䣬˾⾭˵ϴ죬Ҳ˱˴˵Ĺϵ
˼ҵװ޵ļΪʣͷһ㲻õߣҡҡλεĴ˷Ϫʱ͵㲻öãʱһ·ǳ˲ٵĿͷ
ŰͷʵϪĬĬ˾س̵ʱǶ໨ЩǮҲġ
ȻȥлģȻǲֶܿȥϪϵˣǷָͷƣǲƣһĶ˼Ҳòϡ
ϪڰЩģ˱뷨˵һرл
λƵ˷ָſڣָͱ¥Щǰ¥Ժͱ¥첻ŵĹһҲǿģֻǿ϶Ҫġ
ָⷼĻǸ˾ԶԶĿϪǵľѾڵſںˣ︮ǻϵõġ
Ϫ³ʱ⼸ƾӭǰͷһվವɨ˹ȥǼӣоһЩʶȤĶ˸ɫ
˼ǣ͹ٲϲ˶࣬һˣ⣬Цź̿˼һܻصæȥˣֻԭص˷Ը
Ϫ˳ᣬִﰲһѣȴѹûע⵽֣ϪԤһ㣬ε֣һ˿ֻ
ֿһۣûκ״ȻķһѸ߳ɺһΪ˺һվһԡ
С㣬ҪȲ軹Ǹ½Щ裬ٿǶ˵ƵͷʵŮָ󶼲ΪĴԼˡ
ͼݣ֪չڿɷ㣿Ϫָⷼûʲôӡ󣬵Ҳڰϡ
УȫǹƣǷָǿģ¸ͷָͨһеǰ취յľ档
ϪҲˣԸûǨŭָ󣬲䲻Ϊ⣬Ϩƺ£ǷָԼˣϨΪʲôϪ֪ģΪŶԷָǲϲ
˵չﰡСĻδչСҵȥʡɫ˵
Ϫ֪Ƿָͷƣ˵¥ҲһЩصģܼЩطŮӣ鷳ǲʱӾͲˡ
ԻһСӸƣ˵㶯Щչ˵Ǵлģ߼һ档
˵ţϪ̣̱㽫ϷŵĵĽƣϪ˵һģ鷳øչ
ǮĻϲüңæӹģӦȥʻϪȵһ
ǻƼ뿪ӰͻȻٶ˵ǰˡ
Ӧ˰ĻԸкһ£һ˾ûӰ
ϪŰЦ벻ǰôб£ڶݵˡ
ǣٶ˺ã֪һǵģֲǻˣ컹רлġֱ׳˵
ȻûãǻƱСŻˣϪǰ˵λ͹룬չѾ¥ϵżȼλˡ
Ϫһ˸С¥һ·һż䣬ţţչˡ
Ŵ򿪣վ濴ſڵļˣ΢΢һЦ˵Щɡ
̺ûжȥһ˸Ϫ࣬һż⡣
СҷģָⷼƽﻹǺ̫ƽģǰﲻµġϪͰ裬յƹȥʱĿȻϪϡ
һ˿ͣЦһ룬ðСŵǺģȻԶҵǸټˡ
СˣС𡣡ϪЦЦͷƣҲ˵ǻ˵ò̸¾ֹǡô˸о
յãҪллСյĴ֮顣
ٿһԵİصҲʲôȫүæǰСжңһδ顣
е۽̧һЦûģϪǰҡ
ЦЦתͷϪ˵ҵһμСʱѵãȻ㴿ӣ̲ס˼׽֮顣
ǳһ̼֮ңʱⱻһҹǼұɢҲƣܲһȥˡ
ĸ״ѶգûҲԲͶΪòڣ¥
Ҿԣʱ˲ٵʦԺѧҲһ¥õʶʱ㱻ͷ
ô¥ǸȾף޵ɫͷҲĻǲ̫˼һڵϣԵôİʱŲԾı
ֻǸ¥Ůӣ飬ҲǴпΪģȴ⣬ٵЩӡ
С㣬л⣬˼ȥҲȱЩ֮ԱֻúƤֶСʲôҪģһ㡣ϪЩҲ֪ʲôǳѵ
üЩʵʲô𣿡
Ϫһ㶣漴ЦȻܰĵ£Ȼ......
һԵİ˵Ҳ˵ѡ񡣡
ô˵꣬Ϫ˵ĻЩ԰ףҲҲУҿΪСҪ󡣡
ǰ죬ܱ˾ǵľ¥ָֻⷼûΪطڵʱ̫Σգпвµĺ֡
ڲѾԹ˲ϾˣȻҲͲص⡣
⵹ǲأұ缸ұԼֻδ뿪ѣЩҺĻǢٿ⣬ĿЩӡ
⵹ǳϪԤϣԭ˵ľ룬Ȼٴĺְţ⻰ȫļƻ
̬ܿ׷ʵСµԭ𣿡


86 ̸
ʵҲûʲô, ¥ŮӴʱͱ¥С̵, 黭ЩȥܸϲΪ˾йԣòӶҪġ
ĳǲ֪ҪʲôҲ¥ס˵һֶΣʹ˿ܻԿ׼ҲҪ뿪¥¥нµծû¥滤, ͷð
˵赭дϻǳǳЦ⣬ǻŵΣȴǲҲزס
ϪĬȻ˳ٵĻĻ, Ҳ֪, ¥Ů, ΪͷƵǹǸࡣ
ٿϪ˼, Ц㲻ǳҵԭļʹǻؽҲܹúܺá
ָⷼһ, Ĺһְ, ҵҲ뿪
ԭΪϪͻȻЦ, һŻ, ԭԥ˵, ٵǵ£ǡÿĿġ
ϪͻȻЦˣЩɻС㣬뵽ʲôĵ£
ǣСһϯéٿ֪ҪСһʲôˡϪЦŵͷ
⻰ٵȤ׷ʵǺΣ
ԭأԴϪ囿ĺ⼸ձһֱ˼Ǵ£εҲϾǶδȥһ
鷻£ȴǿ̲ݻһ囿ǹʹھ˼಻㣬οصС
뾩ǰ囿´µļƻȻ囿Ż˵ܾӪ飬ȫȨϪΪ˶Ե˼ҵΣԼҲýӦĳ⡣
ؼԴ囿У˵ģǶԷöԷǡ
Ȼ囿ԸⱩ¶һϪҲñ֪Լϣټһȫµ֣Щúͺεȫֿ
ھʶ˲࣬˼ȥǾǸԿǵѡ
ڷָͷƶ꣬ɼʵڸлԸִδıԼҲ˼֮
ңٺ͹˴죬˴ֺ囿ĹϵܣһϵڣҲһ㱣ϡ
ԣϪٰæƹھǵ鷻Ϊ⣬Ǵ㽫忪ٵġ
û룬⼸仰ĹϪµ뷨
ٵ¥Ů޷ⰲȱ·Ϫȱı֡
ĵطϵŮӣֱͿ˵ϵڱѵ˲Ÿ
¥Ů黭㲻ҲǳڶĿȾϼ֣ԶдֶǲصģóľԼ
鷻Թͨư£ƹ飬ЩŮǵٺʲˡ
Ϫ򵥵ĺ˵Լ룬ȻϪ⻰ϵʱʹϪĻһˣֱ˵ľϪԼʺ͹ǣνǾֱġ
ǣϪȴǱʵ۷Ź⣬ΪԽܱʾٵĺ㡣
ãЩ˼ͣ˹ƣϪ˵˼ʧ̬ˣ˵࣬ȴںˮĻᶼδС㣬ǲӦá
ĬĬĽϪˮƵֱߣͷ絹õĲˮϪӹЦЦȻ˵޷С㻹ʲôʵģ˵ǣǳǻ֪޲ԡ
ٵˣ֪ĶѲֻ࣬úú룬źøС𸴣
ͻС㲻ؽ黳ٿǿǣܾҲ֪һھǵʱղˣϣСĪҪҵ̫á
˵ЩϪʱˣǣţϪˣ˼٣
˷ѯʸ룬ĳ¼˼ȥĶдģ囿ԭϣСİš
ҹɫڣٵķٶȱ죬˴п˽ǰƺûзԼĵƵ䱳󣬹ʲô
ֶԷȻڿ飬Ǻ飬俴
˴еͷϸʱһٿĲдС˵𣿿ּӦǳ֣Ǳ˳дġ
ԼƷ˵ڷģǸоܣĿһԼĴڣٱһָŶԷ飬ʵ飬Ӻζ
һ͵ģ˵Ǿź˼͸ҽơûнϪ˵ΪԷҪܡ
˴еǰ򿪣ڹк׷Ƕǰͨģ²Ӧĸϲǳдһͣ㵽ٵС
үȤټ˴ж񣬻ǶԷҲùһۣ㽫е˹ȥ
˴нӹ飬ȷɾƷֻûķ档
үΣѯʵ
˴һӵĿ٣ߣоԼдΣλش
չ鲻ܱԼɣȻΪĶó˿ⲻ
ǹ˴ֻúƤſһҲǳǳָһЩ֮Ͼְҵңÿιۿǻֲᷢٵ⡣
˴еĿޣҲͬĵͷ֮ù˴΢΢ͷϷһ˿Ρ
ʵѣһ⣬һЩ飬Ҳò˼ǷҪ¥еƽҡڣʼյòһȷеĴ𰸡
㣬ǷΪѣ⣬Ȼ⼴Ƕģ㻹ᣬǵ뻻󵨵ȥԶδԹԷ£εζ
˴û̫ãϾԷԼ飬ǿ޻ɣζ̫尾ˡ
߹˴е٣ϵþûжǰ飬̧ʱȻָյ

Ϫһ˻ص︮ʱѾǰʱ֣ǲŽ︮Ǳ˵ǽϪһʱǰݷá
ӯȶϪ˶׷УԽһֱڣֱв˵ļ֣ȥ˱︮Ļӡ
˻ڸϣӴԷȺ򡣡
˵ĻϪл̧ߣ˭أ︮µˣȻǲʶԷȴʶã˺ֻһѾá
ԷȻԺлӺһʯǰ˵ʲô˱ϪŲŤͷˣɲЩӲš
ھ¥ƾƣǽʱϪһ棬Ժ󣬾ûš
ϪˡЩִٵӭ
ϪͷҲ£׵мղˣôˣԭǲǲһȥˡ
ûе£ֻЩˣ⼸һֱϹæ˿ȥǺܺãϵƣ̬ۿɼ
ϪˣµΪ£ôˣ
ŲԾ𣬵ͷҿϪǿЦЩϪ˫۾ЦǣȻĵ˵ͷ


87 
Ǹʲô, ϪȻ쵫֪һЩģΪΨһľ, Ӹ߰ڴǳġ
Ϫǵطȥ˽Ͽǻ˶ǮģѧĶȴҲޣҪѧǶǼﻨǮġ
ʷöͨͥ˵ɲСʱмЩǮλһϿΣб
ϼҵĳӣϼҵļҾ̨ҲǸ۽, Լһӵ㣬ܲĶҲһֱ棬һֱעһ㣬ϣԼĶӽܿȡͷ, Ҳøմմ⡣
Ľ̵³, Ҳ֪˻̨С̵ܽԭ, ԼδĹ滮Ҳ, Ҫ٣١
˺ϻһʱ, ֻÿտ̿ѧ, Ľɹҵ˱㲻ڴ˷ʱ, ˷Ǯơ
ϼ֪Ҳûж˵ʲô, ֻҧҧˡ
, ΪҲҲȷʵѧԶ˹޻Ƕ˵Ĵ˵سɴ
⻰һЩ׵ζ棬öˣӦˣʱˣԼǴ٣ҪƽǣĺãýĨڣ뷨ơ
ڴ߰ľһֻȸ˭̬һ˿Ӹ£Ǵʵ򵥣ŽĿޣŵɣ⻰˵мֵҲûȥΪ
ٺԣ˾ˣ¸ǾʵԼ룬ҲԽ䱾Ϫ൱
ŵĽ˴ҲЩӰ죬֮ûǰƫΪڼȶڱԺʱһЩܵӣҲûеõһۣ˼ѧ
̨صҲû˵ʲôŰżｫУʱЯһҲУֵ͸ûֲǣ˵ǳϼҵġ
꿪ʱ׼ʡԣߵʱνƺƴǵ»ضж飬˭һȥûϢ
ϴμŵģϪˣûϾº޹أɲͽȥ
վǰѵ˵Լ֪ǹģӸ߰δѰİ
ϪбķӣҲ⡣̧ۣ˫ۿó
ϪûмŴӦ˵˵ô¡
űһǳ˵νԭһĿϪߣһҲȷʵǽġ
Ǻ⾩ز죬ҪҸ˾һ㣬Ӧæң˼󣬹ȻյϢ
ڵĵطʱż˵ǲһĸ磬һСԺԺﻹסŲٵˣ˿ȥ㲲ѣȫûյɡ
ŵĳ֣ԵúǻţȾҪܣôܵĹţܿ㱻ˡ
ŴȥѳԶʵ֪Լֳ״
緢ϾϿԼƶЩŵ˷ܣԼĿܿҪʵˡ
˭뵽Ūˣһн˲μʡԣֻ¼ȡ300ˡ
ŰոµѣͷôŽ˵ǻʰųʱͷû֡
һԼ綼ˣĿ˺ü飬һֱҹΧһ˶ûˣ˵Լûп
ƾһΣһ񣬱Ҫٵ꣬ܵ˺ܴĴܣԼû
ԼеǮͨһλɼеˣ֪ԼͲһλ㿼ȡʿμӵԡ
Ϣôܹܣ¼ģһ˺üգò˲Żȴɹȥ⿲ʱĺ׳Ҳ޷ؼҵļ
֪󣬼Ȱ˵ؼңȻֻһú׼ʱһٸУαﹶҶգվֻǿԼ
ӲȰ⾩ԶȻؼһ࣬ҪھǴϵΪԺ;׼
ڵһףƽˣƾʲô࿴ʱճ˲ٵıŸﰵĳ
źеǮȥ˵Ǵϵõϣϼ󴨴ҲǴ󻧣ھطǵǮ˭ϣٶȻеǮûнչ
ϪϲɫȴЩģⷬоǷħˣһʧ˱ģպܾסٳĳ
ɣҲˣչԼҵ£Ҳ㡣̧ۿ˿Ϫٶȿڵ
ǰգҸ̫֪ںδɣЩˣ˵Ҹһٵȭ򣬴ҵʱȻʡ¡˵⣬ŵۿһ±ˣҧǿŭ
ҽȥҽݾΣŲôȥѾˣǺûܰһպõΣ
ԣ˼ǰ󣬻ֻܵæ
ŵһɵĴܣԼĹϪǰ̧ͷ
֪ˣȥܷк÷ӡϪͷӦ¡
棿㵱Ըң
ԭֻǹһԵģϪĹϵܣͨʱŬǿǸ˵˵ѣο֪Ϫ£˵²ȡ
Ѿ˱ܾ׼˭뵽ϪôʹʹӦˣ鲻Խĵ뵽ҲϪûǰ㿹ԼԷﻹġ
ֻܺ˵˵˵УҲΪ㻹ǲҪ˵̫硣ϪŲ
ֻҪϪϰæһתϪӣһʱĳȣ֮²ǰһץϪ֣˵Ϫлл㣬벻㶼ϼҵĶˣһԶĺá
ϪûԤôһ֣ЩĿһʱ˷ӦֱͻȻһֺֻݺݵŵϣųʹʱɿŵ֣һһ
Ϫקһ˫۾ŭţ·һ̽Ҫ̻ˡ
һԵĻҲ͵ǰɫƵĺȳʲôҽӦ㣬Ȼռˣҿ㵱ǲˣҽ첻úʰ㣬Ȼ㵱Ϊԣǳصģ
Ϫ״סҪŵĻӣˣϹˣȻȥɣϢһȥջ㡣
Ҳ֪Լղˣű۵ֿϪʾԼûᱡ֮⡣
ϪҡͷʾԼû⣬޷ֻɥ뿪︮
ߺϪ˵ʲôһŤקϪȥ˵ɺˮ
ɺæȥ׼ܿС
ϪֽУϸϸĸϴǽûһطŹģԽϴСԽߣۿһҪ
Ϫæɺʹ˸ɫɺĴϷ뿪
Ǳֲ֣˿⣬ϪŰҪţͳȥˡ
ҲУߺߵ˵ͣĶͷǿ˵
ҺͻżҲƵľٶҲδ㷴ӦôˣǲбĲĵ£Ϫֵʵǲ̫װΪλôӦ
һͱ˲һϪвõͷ̧ͷϪе˵
Ϫգգۣõͷ˵ŻẦӦǣ״̬ȻʺʱͶԷ˵ס֣ˮ̧ЦҺգǲǾܳƽˣ
ۿ˽յ֣͵͵
Ϫ򴽣ӼǰҪΣ
䣬ֱֱԼȻץԼգͷһǡ


88 
Ϫֻоһ, ļЩļ¶̲ס뽫ֳ, ǿǰİһٶָ϶ԷգЦں˰ɡ
ҲҪ̫࣬ŶƳ磬ԸæҲһʱ
ϪŰ͵ϲ֣ȻܱĻ˵, ֲ˵ˣвõͷǻа߲ǣһỤҵĶԲԣ
°ɫźתϪ˵һ
Ȼ, ǳȥʹһŰɣոƴҶ⡣
ϪŰȥ, ѿʼ͵ɺ˸к, ҲϵĲ, Ժе˶ϪŵĹģҲûôûж˵ʲô, ұȻΧһ顣
, ΪʲôҪҪҲ, ǼһɱˡӰһڷ, ɻ
ѵα޹, Ͼһ·˲ҰæҲܺľܾӦںʵķΧڸһЩ
ҲΪ˴һ¡Ϫ氲ˣ˳ش˻ӵ⡣
ֲǴʲô̧ͷǲϪ˼
ϪŻӣЩε̾˿¿еʳЦӣ
⻰ϪЦˣŰʵ֪
Ȼĵͷ̧ҿɴˣΪǸˡ
û뵽ȾȻȻӻ͸Ϫе㸴ӣЩЩįԴͻȻû½͵顣
ͷҧſӣڰЦԼʾܲüеԵɣɺ仹벻׵ӣڵС˼ǣֵǲɵˣǰ£պСԺ󡣡
»ǻعȵǵ˼˵Ϊǵ£ΪʲôֻǱһ٣ǲӦץвǸ𣿡
Ϫ´ǰǣ֪й˶֣ûץΪҪɽ𻢣ǵ˼Ͼ̫︮Եİѱ
ӻȻĵͷӦĻǺǰһҲС
Ϫۻӣܾıֲǿ⣬Լọ̇̄ܽΪɺĳ֣Աȷ˻ӵĲ㣬뷨Ӻúüǿһ½ˡ

ڶ죬ϪȥСԺУͬÿμʱʰݵģüԺв֪ʲôϪµʱ򿴵Է϶ƣ룬ɼӦϢĲá
⼸æʲôɱԼϪеʵ
ǳ֮ϵЩ£ЩˣĲ£ôռ......ͷԹ˼䣬˵;ڰ֣˵
ʲô£˹ҹ㣬Ӧæǣôпյ˿ڲ裬ʵ
Ϫ㽫º˵һ飬Ȼ֪ЩǲϲҾҲöŴΪˣ㰴ظҸطĻţα㿴Լˡ
ͷҲʶģʱϼҴңҲѯԸԸѧʶϼҶϵ˲ֻȴ߰Ը£ҲͲ֮ˡ
Ϫû뵽ȻôһôҪ֪ܾĵʦָ֪øǺ顣
ûвˣһȥкģԼǲ޻ᣬû£Ȼȥɣҵûȥ˯һ
Ϫ̧ű˾¥µⲻڹǣźʹס¥ȻҲصٱ
סĻǰǼ¥ʱԤ˲ٵǮ޷ĵֵҲǱѡֻסڴ˴
ϪʱźڴڣϪŵһʱӭɫӵԭû
ϪҲƽ̬ȣǰţż״æҸûȫ̫㡣
ûϵΪ¡Ϫֵܾµ˼
ҵ̫ˣԲŻ......һ죬Щ˼Ŀڽ͵
ΪϪԶյ¼ϣϾϪȻӦ˰˺һֵĶԷܻ˱ԣϪƽϣӦҲûô콫°á
ҲΪ£ҽֻ˵ֳ֪ȥδĻţ⼸պʱӰűǡϪû˼ڴ˾һŵĻ˵еĿġ
⻰Щŵ棿ǱߵҲǲɵһ㶡
ǰѾ˾˵ݣһǱԵεطٵĻţȻô˵ģְλȴҲôõֵġ
٣Ա֮䶼ǣģطٵĻţȻʲô˵£ûйϵҲǼѰ쵽
ΪطٵĻţ䲻ʽְϰյУҲ٣Ͼڹүǰ˵ϻˡ
һʹ֮´˻ȥҲôϾ⻰ȥҲɣȻˣȴҲ㹻ɫȻ˹үôţĻضܸС
Ϫͷʾ˿϶һϲæȥ˵磬ºˡ
ɫҲÿ˲٣ҲϪǲ뱩¶ԼϣŤŤ˵һ䣺лβȵ¥
ŻصϪǰһʱ֪˵ʲôϪһյľٶȻ˿̰ڣҲϲ֫Ӵ
ſĳϪִϵıе˵ЩʲôҲһ£Ϫûᣬͷһ£к뿪ˡ
ھǵʱ䲻ˣδ죬鷻ĵһҵ꣬ȻҪ⾩ǵģϾˣҾͽȱĵطһЩ
պƹоΪҲ᷽ݵĶ࣬⼸ɫӣӯɸƼ˼ضΣȥһˣʵʿΡ
һæҵʱɫˣϪһƣĻص︮ӭڷſڣɺ˵ʲôĿȴʱʱԺŵķ
ϪʱСӭ˹Ϫʱԭ˷ܵıͻȻüֳۣϪ§Уˡ
Ϫһʱоȫƣӿ˳ȻĵȥЩ̰м֪ԺУԺﻹ˿š
ǣϪʹԼ񣬴ӰĻ뿪Դںöˡ


89 
Ϫæµ, ʱߵķɿ죬Ϊ˳ﱸ鷻, ϪÿæǽŲմأӯɼҶǲӰ
ϪæȻ˲ϣΪ˷㣬ÿֺ飬˾︮
︮Է֪֣˿ţ˵չԼϪռ档
Ϫڸϣ, Ϣ֪ˣ֪󣬱˺üֲôĵϪԸµ˵ҪϪȥԼ
²̣ȫϪ뷨, ԼĿ, ڿ԰ѿصķΧ, ٹ, ˵ҪȥǱȥˡ
ڻӱϪرҪ󣬽պѧϰֻаɺ, ֻǰȥָ
ǰ, Щ֣ԭΪ鷻Ϫ, Ӧǰ, ϪΪڸ, в֪ʱȻˡ
ԣհС㣬СġЦͦϲģӣֶ˸õĸо
ԼҪģʶ˲࣬ϪæʱҼҲû˼պٶңҾܺãԾ͹ˡ
ҪʲôҪϪ˵ģ˵һȥģһԼһˡЦЦٽ͵
ٿ̲סǿϵɴɺʵ֮ǰЩ⣬СϵɴΪǲĻشҲǿԵġ
ҿ˿ӵŹţʶģɴʵҲ鷳ɴ˵Ϫ˵ģڲʶõǰɴӦû¡
¥ŮӣɫˣΪ˱ָõòٶͿ֬ĨۣҲǣ䲻ǰŨױĨҲʩʹԼȥɫЩϾŮӶǰġ
˿̣㴿Ȼòٻپ̾ǽ۵ķ·һܳˮգЦĺ촽Լ˫µۣű˲
ٵݵľ̾ͻָģЦԭ㣬ҵС㶣ζˡ
Ů汾ͼѣòŮӣ鷳Ұ㵥в֮ˣ²ܺȥҲѹϪΪ˲ġ
׵ӣ룬˵С㱻۸ȥΪǾ㵱Ǻÿ
ģϪҺÿһ˫ۺĶ٣Ե쳣ĸˡ
΢ЦŵͷȻ˵ϲøвͬǰòﶼǵһ޵ģɷʵͬ˵
ЩйĵͷȥֹϪҺܺãҪʲôңȴܣʹżΪ֮Ҳἰġ
˵ϲңϲ˶𣿵ǣҺϲϪϪһҶϲҶ֪
ԭվڰֿһתţ⻰Щ㡣
Ҳû뵽˵ֱӣ¥Ů˵ҲҵģЩȣϰԵ뵽ѵΪԼݣԷ˵
ǿ˫кεǳȻΪ˷գԼǴдˣԲ˵˳
¥֮УŮ֮ǳʽ鰮ٶٶŹЩŮŮమҲ㺱¥Ľов٣ԴҲǱƽĿ
ŮӼĸǸӣԭͱȽܣʱЦҲʱЩĽ޺ѷ壬հ˵ĻСӦûлԶԵȵС
һμϪ֮Ļ飬ľã˵ദһ԰µģ
ĪԼۣգգԼŵģƷһ裬ǲǱпһˡ
뵽ڴЦһ£Ŵͷɥİ˵С㣬һԻа
ʲô˵ܰԼʱ̧ͷ
ٰȥ֣Цеʱ̫˷壬СӦСһЩռ䣬ԼĲǡ
ƶǶüټ״ʧЦԼ̫ίˣǿȿڵǰСԸҵĻջȥ֮󣬱㲻׽С㣬Ҳÿ룬˵ǰ뷨
С˵Ǳ߲˵˵䣬׽Ǳ뿪һ𣿡
ü룬Щԥ˵ǣȫû׽Ϫ𣿡
Сȳһ£ܲסҲǿ󡣡ЦЦҲֻṩһѡ
Ҫãٶȿʵ
⿴ʱ˰СȻ֪˳ԭͺáܿ㴿飬Ҳá
һ⣬Ǹóˣܺõĸ˻شʱ˵ٶлл㣬´ҸóԵġ
С......
Ұͺˡ
Ҫػ㱻ЦеĴˣЦЦ˳˰⣺ϣһμ棬ջҲҸС仰˵ϴεͬˡ
һϪ˵ģ´档

ҹŻϪŴŵĵƻ𣬲̾˿ͷ»֮࣬ϢԱ֤ǰԼһ䣬Ҳᱻ˳Ӱ쵽һҪһδЩ
ڷϪ̧ͷ˸кֵͷȥе飬Ϫ״˹ȥ˵ôˣĪҪٿˣۡ
ͷʾ֪ˣ漴㽫һԣ׼˯
ϪЩÿλصܿͷҲϰ¶ȣ뵽Լ飬ҲǺԥ
뵽ҲΪ˰ãԼŬЩȡףʱӦò̫ã뵽ϪᶨԼľģԡ
֮ӣǻæÿȵҹӲãȷֿһʱ䣬ҹһһ䷿ΣģﻹǺһ㣬㲻Ҫ̫࣬ԣǲбա
Ϫ˵⻰ͺˣǲԸԼֿ⻰ҪˣðģķӣѾҡǰܾ͵δ˵⻰
Ϫļ䣬˵ðϪôôˡ
ãǾͰ˼......ʲôϪЩȻĿ򰲡
ʲôͬˣûԥͲһƽͬˣ
ҷ˵Ļ𣿡ϪЩȷʵǰûԼ˵ĻԲŻ㡣
Ϫ˵Ҫֿ˯һʱ䣬ͰϪ˵İɡٶȱʾͬ⡣
Ϫˣţ̽Եʵ㲻룬ǲԸĻҲǷҪô
ûϵ֪ϪæҲΪҺãôˣҲϽȥ˯ɡڴɺãӱϪһҪ˯˵ӡ
ûоܾߣϪڵЩ㱵ߣߵסæϲתǲǺˣ......
ϪĻû˵꣬Ļٶ㣬㲻ڣҺ˵ϴ˵Ӧˡ
֪ˡϪЩ㶵ӦŰٶɻصϣ氲Ϩ˵ƣ뿪˰ķ䡣
źϪԶȥĽŲӴϳһϸߣӯӯģһֱ˵Ļҧͦţ̲סϪˣҪϪ䣬ҪˣȥϪ
Ϫƽͷ§ڻУߺ˵~Ϫᡣ


90 
С, С㣬С㣡
Ϫдӳ˼лع, ߵ̡
εС㣬ƹ񻹵ء
Ǹƹ˵ҶѾ֪ˣվͻظˣƹ񡣡ϪԴǸĶƹЦЦƹǲ, ڰֱ뿪ˡ
С㣬ôˣǷ󣿡ƹصϪߡ
Ϫ֣ǣ͵͵̾˿ĲӦǰŶԡ
, 㿴, ⼸ǷǷ, ͬϪ, ȴŶԷĻش
ԴҪͰַ˯֮ð̬Щ΢Ĳͬϲڼ, Լǻ
Ƿַ˯, Ȼ˵ƺû̫𣬵ȴܵԾ, Լȥ, һʱӭ, ȴֻվԶԵĴкѡ
˳ԷǽһаúóԵģһݣΪԼæµһò͵ʱֻʣŶѣʱѾȻѳ뿪ˡ
жԷЩʱʱ˵СзֺʱһʱԼϰ߶ٳ֣õЦ˲١
ò˼ЩΪԴĪΪַһ¶𣿰Ų⣬ʵ˿ԹԲŻд˷ľٶ
ЩϪĲ²⣬ܲýƾ²¶ۣŻ⼸Ű£Ϫҹ˯ţҲûоӦЩˣӶǰʵ벻Եɡ
Ƿѣҿƺ죬ҲкҪ˵ĻʱԵĲࡣ˼˵⼸ϪæҹҲδע⵽˷ַ˯¡
ʲôϪЩȻĿ̡
ķˣʶ֪Էжమԣθھͺ񲻼һ㣬ʲôʱ򣬰ʳǳĺãÿοİϪԼܲһЩ
񰲾ȻԲ·⵱ϻͷһΣϪüٶ˳˼
һԿţٳţʵк仰û˵찲ͳԵ٣Ϊڷǰ̫ĵģˣٳЩϪһ£ڿϪȻȥˡ
ˣһȥʣȥָչϪȥָԴӵ֪ͬδÿǰȥһֱϵղżʱ

ָһûϴǰ鷳ָĻֱӱŶȥٴǰġ
ٶϪĵʾӭԭ˼ղϢΪϪˣҪϪҪٲձȥ︮Űݷá
С㣬˼õˣ⼸æԲŵ˼죬¡Ϫ˵˸Ķ
æ֣˵СĵĻҶˣܵ񡣡
Ϫ̧ۣ٣Ȼܻ˵»ûʽöȴϢĽ¸ĬˣûоöԷƻ
С㣬⻰Ͳˣϴûѻ˵ףҿɲΪģġϪЦЦʾ̽׼õó
ϪƵǰȻ˵С㣬ʵ鷻Ҳֻһң￪ֻǵһңһ鷻ؿ
ǾһȴЩ⣬µĵһҲδ鷻ܵ꣬鷻飬µ飬µµľӪʽܵȿʼȻƷطֵꡣ
ҲܾþӾǣһЩԭҲΪ鷻¶棬ҪһϴЩԺ˾鷻Ĵƹ񡣡
Ϫ⻰˼Ҫվ̨ǰ˿üĵطӪ鷻ʵĹȴڰϪ
С㣬ŵùңҲǸ¥ŮӣȥĲ˵Ҵδ⣬һСĻСļƻǸΣ
Ϫջ֣֧ԴЦ㲻õģҪյģҼȻ½С㣬ȻмʹСҲɵ׼
һ㶣ϪĻҲ˵ãԼޣϪҲѱº֣Բġ
ȻԼЩῴͬʱҲһ˿İȫ޾飬˸Ǳǵ
뵽ٵͷԼǰ飬ٶȾȵС㣬ǣ
ϪָӦҷ˵һ㣬ǺСӦһ鷻е棬һɹСУСɻ⣿
С㵱Ǵ󷽣һɲôõİɣٽУϪ
ȻôģС㲻Ӫ֮ҿ⣬ڹԱ棬СһǸ̳Ծϴ˵һ㣬鷻δԱȫȨС
ΪΪ鷻ʧǱС֮ʧҲҪСеͬ⣿ǲͬҲǿһַʽϪ˵
ٳĬԹѲıģϪصУûף̧ۿϪ
ֻԷЦǳǳĿԼ˫ţǳ׼һͬ⣬ԼҲ΢΢ü̬ɡ
ͻȻ˰ΪλϲϪϪˣҹﾲŵؾȣ˸овԾ俿
һԼó򣬾ճĽĿҫۣǿƣɢԵֵ
ͬˣһ̫ˣҪɡٷ飬Ϫɲ¾ŮӣȻţҲΪԼһ
ϪֱЦһ֣ٶóһոµ飬ϪС
ɽϪµݸ١
㶵Ľӹ飬ԭΪҪ󣬻ҪϪһϾɱϪһԳԶĿɲһСĿ
ȴû뵽ϪѲµд˾٣鶼һ籸ݣʵС㣬ͲµһôҪ󣿡
ϪЦټ״εЦЦǷˣͷǩֻѺ
ôС졣Ϫպã鷻¹囿һĹٸ֤;ȥӯи㡣
֪Ϫס︮ҲûжԴ飬һǩɣհǰ˺ֻҪǰɡ
ɲ³ǮŮӣһȥ򣬵ԱǻңʱΣٺԾʼԼĹ
ȻԱ½ٶˣ뷨ȥˣҪǮĵطȻɸһ˸𡣡Ϫ̧˿ķŽС
ʣ˭תһ룬˲ԼϪ˼ǣҪ˻ԼǮȵţ
ٶʱ˳ܿϪ˵Ļƺ޵ı˼ֻ˵̫Ưûеŵ
ٰҧʱȴϪĵ˵С㣬ȻǺϵҲˣʵ֮ǰ㶨µĵǣɡ
ԭΪԼǼ۳ɹˣȴϪô˵ͻȻϪΪͬôʹ죬Ǽ̫ͣԡ
һٴ˿ɫǣϪ鼫ѵ˵֪С㲻ƾӪ֮ҽոһǣպɲһͽǿǻԴġ
ٷγĺһҧ̡
ϪЦЦֵ̯С㣬ˡ


91 
ȻԺԼ, ҲͲ裬ٶֱáϪЦ
ʵ鷻ǰҪ˲, ȵ꿪ˣϪٵٲһҵǴյĳģԺ鷻ˣǰйǵˣȻѯ
ǰֲ㣬ҪˣЩĴ, ӦҲǴ´ࡣ
Ϫ֮ôȫǰӦһδΪԼƹǲɴȥˣûⷽľ飬ǰڶǺ¡
ǰͷѿͽѵ, Ҳʧʲô, Ժⲽ, ڵλüΪҪ, ʱٷ©ʧǲɹġ
˵Ķ˵ˣϪҲ, Ǹ, ֹϣԤƵʱٵĶ, տЩȥ, ΥĺͰһ, Ҳ⼸յô¡
ϪҪͻһ̣ǣټæеʵô
Ϫ֣ʾ£հ¶࣬ϢĲãЩͷۣµġ
ԣϪһ£ȥ䣬ûһһľƵСӻŵϪǰ˵ͷ֮ǰյİ㣬һλĿ͵ģżõЧ
Ϫһ£Ȼŵһɵ㣬̱ǣźЦлֻ˯ͷ£ûٺõҲá
ʲôôϪͻȻǰİüһĪΪ⣿
Ҳ²£Ϫ²͸£ǹǺйذɣٿϪ˿գζЦ
ϪɫŹֵĿ٣ܾٵĻ͸һ˿ֻǹģϵıֲ١
Ϫ֮ǰ˵ûнĵŮѣǺʶӯɺ囿˳ϵ£Ƕ˱ѵ̸󣬱˴ܸ֮ܶ˽£ϪԼǶ˻δϡ
ٲһٺͬΪͨˣٶóҲ˷½ģ˺׵ľܻ˵
ϪԥջǾѯһ˵ƺҲǻ£ڵԭϵõˣͻȻԶ㣬Ǻιʣ
ԶЩȣӦûðϣ𣿻ȿһϪ̬˵
ǽʱĲԵĵط˺Ϫʵ
ȷҲСϪŻصͿˣӦ̫죬ûиصĻᡣ
ԣϪȥ治֪ԭĵģ֪Щʲô֪Զ㣬ֻˡ
Ϫ֪ܲ˵֮ǰһֱͬÿһ飬ʱʱЩݵֹܾ
Ϫع֮ǰһֱοԼǶ˼ĻŮӼϰΪľֹڿף밲֮ദģʽԽ磬Խ˺ѵĽޣֻ޷Ͼ㣬Ľڰ˵ЩСˡ
ټϪɫͻȻ̳һ˿ɬüЩڣͨϴΰܲµϪҪ˵ʲô۾תתṴЦҾôˡ
֮䣬ҲնҪһԼܲҪʱʱ˼⣬Ϫ㲻뷨̫𣿡
Ҳ˵֮вȫԷֻǺѣкȨ潫ǿ
Ϫ㶵ĵͷٵĻҲһ㷴֮ʣԷ˵ûͰĹϵһֱûкܺõĶ壬ҪҲܺѶѣʲôȥҪ󰲡
ȻձϵĹأÿжʱ򣬶ɣǲҲϴҺúõļС
ǷԼϪԼһֱվΪ˰õĽǶȣ氲ѡҲӲ򰲱ԼкΪӦӦףӦ
ԼΪõദģʽڰأע
ϪƺͨʲôپʱѻˣǸ˵ҲҶˣϪ£ֻǽõǲǻԼĸ飿
һֱһԲվһţϪϣ۲쵽ͷ΢΢ĲʵҲõ⣬ϪͰǺιϵд𰸣ֻ⵱ȴС
Լĸ飿˵ĺѣʲô
ˣˣˣ......
ˣ
ϪһֱĬپöԷй˼ɣ˵ѵ֮£ˣݣλԱ׿ЩȥһƣԷǷֵȥȡθ飬ΪķŹѵϧ𣿡
Ϫ͵شæٶҽջ£ˣ֮ö˵̵λãϸ˵
˵꣬ϪҲٻشͷȥ̽
ٰڰ֣ǰĲյһڣԺ޳ɵøؽлôһ־鷻£ƽ˳ˡ

ϪҴһص︮һ·δ˵һ仰̱ͲǻˣϪ˵Ҳǻ֮޲͸һ֮
ԭͻԺϰ֣Ϫôϲɵһϲ漴ӲǽϵЦ˻ȥ
ӼϪ̧ͷк㣬ô
ϪĴҴҵ·ߣ΢΢ͷһǻӦĿ⻮һԵİɿջĿ⣬ŲͣĻصԼķУ漴Źϣһŵģ
вһԭϪк⼸տԼĸƵĺ࣬ÿͿĻ
ͨ⼸յĳԣϪҲȷʵһЩ仯ɽվȻĮ˵ˣóϪ鷳꣬ҶԷӴкȴûпԼһ㡣
Լ̫֣ϪˣϪǲˣҪԺ󶼲ϲԼô죿
̿Ϫյķţֿһߵİһһģһ̾ڵСЩ£ʱǷյʱǱȥţúһ˼
~Ǯ治ף⼸նҽæʲôˣģڿ϶ȥҽģҾţԺһҪúѧһ˲ô¡
˵Щٶֱͦ壬δд֡
̵ĻɫԺתһЩ⣬Ϫֻ̫ˣȵʱԼͺϴҲôˡ
ǣԺŵʱ򣬲ûпϪӰϪɽԼڷУɺȥźԷ֪˲õɺҪκ
ɺӦӦ£ȴϪֶ⽻һ䣬˵עⰲɺˣʶĿ˰ķһָۣæϪԼ֪ˡ
ȳԹԺУһֱϪŵķҪϪһֱȵ죬ҲϪҪ˼
ɺ˼¸ϣȰС㣬ҹС˵˽˭ҲȥţǻȻطЪϢɡ
ȰִҪϪϪٲԼȥʱϪĵͻȻˣԺһ°
ֻоһ¿ģǼⷺᣬһɹ¼Ÿ
ɺҲǻˣδģϽȰοС㣬Ҳ̻˵ˣС£ˣûϵСԼС㣬С϶ҪԼģʱǿ϶ܼСġ
˳ӣǿʵģ
ɺͷظ֤Ų鲻ԸĻ˷


92 
峿, Ϫƣ߳ţһҹδ, ֻоƵûţתۼѲҲٷţų͸͸
︮Ҵҵլͷݻȴ£ƽϲðŪݣⷽ츳Ϊר޽һ԰, ˾ʩչ
أҲﾡã⻨԰ľھСÿ궼ڴ˾ͻ, ҵķСһͬ͡
⻨԰ӯԺӵĲԶ, Ϫȥݷӯɵʱ, ܻԾ, ̫æµÿÿΪϧĴҴҶδȥúùһ
, ︮ﾲĵ, Ϫ⻨԰
ߵ԰С·ϪͻȻԶ˵˵, , Ȼ˱û, Ѳ԰ˣ
ԣȻǶȡ
𣿡
ϪĽŲӲͣ˰ߵĽ˵ˣ˵Уһ˵Ϥˣǰ
һİ˭˭ںͰ˵˵ʲôΪʲô
Ϫ򴽣Ƭ̣˽ŲС·Ĳݵϣ˼Ѱһɽ͸ɽķ϶Դ
ֻĻУڻ԰мͤڣ˰һ֮ľ벻һȭҡ
ϪĺһԾ΢΢ǰ̽ЩӣĿⶢİˡ
һļΪƯˣͬѰӲʵ˻͸֣˫˵һۣ۲ת硣
ʱ֧°ͣЦŰָʱϻš
Ϫͷķɿ죬쳣ķ꣬Ǹ˵ˣƽӣ˵Ҳ࿴ۣǽȴĶ˲ϲǿűв졣
üͷ򰲣ȴʱǡתӣδɴڲסľϲΪ˷պ˵ġ
ϪһЦȻתͷȥ˵Цų䳱ʪĻ㣬סϪ
ϪֻһԼ·˱У伫ˣָżɽֲڵĴУļĿɬϪ˿̿üԼĻһᱻԼҰ׵ɫš
պٵ̸Ϫ˼һƬң˳ŶԷ˵Ļ𽥵ķԼ԰ĸ飬ԶԶֹǺô򵥣ĳܴҪһ˺úõľó׵Լ
ص︮ʱҪ˼ߵһʱͻ䵽ϣʹԺлˣĵһξú£ϪҺӸҶԻıʹԼȥ·һ㡣
صе˺ܾãʣԼǲǵ԰ǰ㲻˵ͷ
Ů֮以మĽһ֪ǰУᵽΣ̫ˣҲΪޡ
ΪԼ鰮֮ԵϪҲδ֮ϣЩֻƬﾹ˿Ҫ˵Լݣ䳣֮¡
ϪǿܵģԸԼ԰Ǳ˵У֡
ʱǺֵ飬˵ϲʱʲô飬......
ϪЩ̣վ¥еǣǻϲģЩ̰Ǹо˿ò˼һУÿʱΪ˳Ű⣬ԼǱʶ
֪ϪһֹУԼĿôöԷĵԼͷ
ΪԼһЩϪʼ˵ԼҲֻǱһ⼸̫ˣŻֵͷͰ֮䲢û˼İ⣬ֻŶصԣǵĹϵźر
ڷ˼붷УϪһֱ⻨԰УĿǰĳ
һ̣ϪȻĴ֣ЩԳЦЦһ֮ǰԼǴˣļʺռ˵һ
ϪϲŮ֮ϲһ˶ռĶԷĵϲϣԷҲԼһϲ

Ҫۼ䣿ҪǶĻҪҪҰæҲš˴пǰרֽİЩȤʵ
ͷҲ̧˵лл㣬ҪԼۣҪ͸ϪģԼ۾ͺá
ͤϣżֽ۵õ壬Щõ۷۳õ廨էһ滨һ㣬ǷŹ˴н̸ġ
طһֱ˯ţסϪĸڣǽڣϪǱߵĶʲôҲϪ˯ˡ
ǰżίԼ⼸յΪϪˣĵһֱڷ͵͵Ĩᣬһ뵽ϪҲԼˣܵ
հ̲סϪԷȲԷɺ˵ĻϪҪȥӯɵԼϪǸԼˣһȥԼȥǱߵȡ
һ뵽ⰲסˣҲںʲôʱֱȥӯڵԺ䣬֪ΪԼ˱Ϣ⻨԰ͤУ￴üС·ҪԷӯ⣬뾭С·
Ҳ֪Լ˶ãֱ߳һĨף˵
︮ʱôһλСˣô
ʶǰ˵ˣڷָ˰ǣҲ˵ǰй˴Уʲôӡ
ҽа֪㣬ϴϪлл㡣͹˴ел
˴ЩĿŰŽɴŮӶӦ˾ô̸
˴ж԰Ĺ۸кܺãһֱ˵Ǿ䣺ΪʲôҪ磿Ӧýн𣿡
ô֪ģ˴𾪵ĿŰûôɱ㿴αװ
ʲô𣿲۾ͺ𣿡ֵķʵ
ѲνȻԣƾֱͱܶ϶
˴°һ˼ĿŰ;ðԸʱŮӲ̫һ˵رֱӣֱ׵ĶԻǻ
˴еŮܣڰɲܾôû·ǹ˴ѭѭͼ취ðܣѯôɣԴѰͻƿڡ
ϪǸǵǸĻͷӦûá˴аų
˴ô˵ɵ룬Ӧø˽࣬Թ˴еĽӦǶԵģ˳Ź˴еĻʲô
˴ðԼ룬ǰֻһˣûһ˵ֱϪϪǱյ˺ܶණ󲿷ֶʾԼҪϪųš
ֻһΣϪĻں׼յģϲ
˴갲ĻţҪͻǿ̫ˣھڻ԰䲻ͺˣ⸮ĻҲ˵жమϧҲδЩܣô͸︮ûеġ
һʱģһȥ뵽˴ǰһӻóֽ߰ԼԽһлĻϪΪǰҪܡ
ԭûҪ˵ȥ˼˴ô˵ʹĴӦˣõģ硣
˴һ⻰ˣСѾͷӦͦ죬˱ͤпʼר־ֽ
ѧۺ󣬰㲻ù˴вˣ˴оû˼֧ԴһԿŰۣһ߿һ룬벻Ŵܿĳⲻżˣ
ǰʱ۾ù˴оģǿɰ̲סԴûԵ뷨ֻǵÿɰôôˡ
˴е쵽һʱһֻͻȻס̧֣ȥȴһŮۿƵ˵ء


93 ͺ
ϪϪ, ϲĻعͷ֪ŷ, ӶǺò׼Ϫ
ϪǰӣԷҲԼͻȻʼԷϾüһûҪõ˼ȴоԼ°ڴ׹
Ϊ˷ֹϪܣץסϪۣͬʱҲϪûнתԼߣɵļˣŭһߵĹ˴, ĥġ졣
ŰĹ˴УȻû©ı仯ЩԣԼʲôΪʲôͻȻԼô
С, ԭΪǸͨ, ȴû뵽Դжˣʵĺ˴ջ, ˫ֱص
Ϫ΢΢ü, жˣԼмˣҪ˵ȴδ, Ǵֻһʱ뿪ˡ
ɫʱ, ˴жӦ, һλ, ʵ㲻졣
, ȻϪδ˴Уλүھǿǳĺܣ֣˭˶˵ӵķ¼⣬ϪܶԷŵĻ治һ
ҺܱǸӣСʧ֮㾡𷣣ŵΪҪ˿ȥүںǻϣ˿һ¡ϪܵԼԵûôйԡ
˴üЦЦϿϲŭҲ˵Щʲôôҷͼ
ңֻǾãԺ޳ɱ˵ү޴뷨ȴܱ֤˲ᡣϪ򴽣ףһƽײĹ˴УԷʰ̫ˣȴò
˴пϪΣԷ˵ǲңʹԷʵΪԼ֮Ǵģֿ˿ڶӵ۵İε̾˿ֵ̯ȻҲǸԭˣӲǿˣҾðСӺǿɰһ㣬ԾЩʧ˷ִ磬ҿΪ˵Ǹ
˴֪Ӵ磬ΪӦŮбĹأ˲ٹ򣬵ǹ˴еЩķװǳڱҪ֪ԼŮӣЩװľ˾ͳˣ붪ԭԣٻǹϵ㹻õǰͷųһЩԡ
ΪᣬǷţһֵϰҲ˲ٵ
û뵽˴лôʹϴϪЩȻԭڵҲǱͻȻһˮƵģ侲͹˴нӴ˵Ļжһ˵ĺûδЩϡ
Ҳʧ֮үҪ⣬ҷҲ̫༤ˡϪĵǸ˵
ûϵҲлֱ˵ˣ˵ܶθڣҲæԺ󻹻мĻᣬʱʶһ£Ƕ˸ҪһЩĿռ䣬ұˡ
˴뿪뿪лл㣬硣
˴вͷЦЦСѾͷϲ۾ϪϻȻŰ˼ۣʾҪúü͡
뿪԰˴лصԶһԺ䣬ű囿ߣ㣬˹ȥЦʱǲǸոպã
囿ͷݸë֣˳ʹ˴зȥ˴Ҳûж룬㽫԰һԵ˵囿
˵˵ʱСˣȻ㲻˴⻹ͷһأҪ֪ҿǺϲġ
˴б˵ȥϵ㣬һ˫Ӻһ꣬ԭסӸ˹ȥ漴囿ʵ㷽˵ȥŮӣ
囿˰ӣ˴Ҳգͷѽҿʱ򣬾СʱҲģɰĽ
囿ԭЩԻǴǳǳЦ⣬ϻδµİӣŵ˹˴еС

˴뿪󣬰Ϫ˵ȴԷŹ˴뿪ķ򣬿ڵ㷽źʲô
硣ʵĻش
ϪͷͻȻЩʰô׾ͺ͹˴׽ǻعͷСͷԼʲôƢûˡ
Ϫ򴽣ѹͷʵô磬ʲô
ϪڿϿԼ˵ϽתԼۺõֽõϪǰ˵ϪǸϪңɺ˵Ҿ㡣
ʱŸ۵ģ˵ǸĻãϪֽұӦ硣
Ϫǰֽõ壬ֽӹָʱЩˣǻһᣬЩ˼˵һû꣬ÿȻȥԺҸϪϡ
˶ˣϪŰʵ
գգ˼ŵҲǵˣ˯ţܼϪֱӹˣǸʱ컹Ǻڵģҿüûϵ
Ϫ˽ȭͷ˿Ķ𣬰Ȼһϣշʲô죬ͰкΪʲôðΪġ
Һϲ̫ˣǻȥ㽫۷̸ңҺһۡϪŰ֣
Ϫյģסǰֻ֣վӣĵͷá
ϪͰȥ˳Թһֽõۺò˻ƿ֮УϪĴͷϪðϽȥ˯ڻ԰һϣôԵ
˯ϪȴûȥϢŤͷȥӯɴԼ˵ӯԼʵҪ囿⼸鷻Ľչ˵囿ԼõļӸ֪Էϸϸ˵֮İš
囿ϪİЧʺ⣬ٵҲû鷻ĵһӣӯһıѡ˵شƫռһҡ
˵Ķ˵Ϫܾ˶Լŵ룬߳˻ȥЩ˼ѯˣ⾩ǿʲô֮ء
囿˺ϪҴҵĸϻԷصԷʱ򰲻δŽ˰ķ䣬ڴ߾Ŀš
Լ⣬еķղȥԽĶڸĻûʧ鸴ӡ
ԼϲģǰأǲҲһ飬ֻձϵϲϲһֻԼռıظЩ
㰲˵ϲԼǰηֱеԼŪ˶Ϫĸ顣
ŮҪԵĶ̫ˣ밲ЩĶǿû취úõıðûκεĺ֮ǣҪҪ
ϪŰϣǷϲңҶŬ㱼ҵģٵȵȡ
֮ϵİߺ˯ϪڴЦӯӯĿЩŵۣȻǷַ˯ûգȴкܾûʱܵһۿϪˡ
Ӵ˽ϪĻУ§סͷ˲䣬СϪ~
ϪԴӦŰĺ뷢йʲôһ㣬һһϪĵӦһһ顣
ȵںˣϪ˴Ӳϰ˵ȴһ㱣ɻػ˻Դ
״СĴչȥѯϪôˣĽܵϪϵ⣬ָϪգֻоԷ̵ˣˡ
Ϫס֣ͶԷ˵Լû£ͻȻѣһʱֻоǰһת˱Ѿ˴֮ϡ


94 
ͷɺ, æȥҴ򣬺︮ͷ, ûã̱˴Ҵһˡ
ڴ߸Ϫһ˵ȶΧΧ̼˾ôΧǻᰭŴΣſڣǡÿվͷ֡
ɨһۣ⼸ͬ˯˯䣬˯, ˰ΪҪְϪⱼֻϵʱŻ档
Ҳûʼǰִ֮飬˯ǰżҲ˵ճȥ£ǺϪйأöԷڶעһ¡
ѾǸ, 仹ҪĬ, ΪԷҲദ, ֮, ֻҪԼ˵ԷһĻӦ, ҲЩЩΪǸ⡣
ֻżЩڴص, ȻδȫɶԷǱīȴϲ, ˯ǰϸ, ÿԼʱ, ֵĿⶼῴЩڣתһ룬⵶ģõ˰ϧȻҲȻˡ
ͷֿԼ̽Ҫ˵Է
ֿһۣŤ˵һ䣺̫ġ
Щڵۿ棬ЩĪĴ
ƣ͹ȣʹ㣬ʶķȣֻҪעϢʳʸʺ֮ɺתٿӣºܿȡ
ͷæȥŴҩдãȻŴȥץҩ
ֿ۷״ӻͷȥץԷ㽫˳Ϊʲôץ
С㣬ҪԻ徻ֽ˶طУ˵
ԵվϷǻ˼䣬Ҳڵ˵زɣ뵽Ϫƣ£켸ҲˣϪ˯ˣٹȥҲС
ɺվڴ߿һϪİһ̲סϪ˵䣬С⼸æҹ˯ã۵Ҳ⡣
ɺĻͷҲصʵϪ˯ţ
С㵣ԼǲǰС㲻ˣҹ˯̤ʵ˵˶٣ּ
̻ȥ׼ҩˡ
ɺĻþգſڣת˵ıӰ΢΢̾˿ǶλСܾ컥ͨˡ
һ߰һֱǿŵˮɴŴϪˣ£Ϫܡ
еھ֮Ž⣬Ϫ֣촽ҧģ޲ôʱܵԼ
Ϫû˯ڰΰ֮䣬ڿޣüϸһЩϤǰ
ö˶˵ôֿˣԼ񾭳ðԷĵģԸΥ
ôˣʲôĵģ˵Ϫס֣΢΢ͷ򴲱ߵİ
ϪǰȥѯʵϪ㻹ûвĵطɺٰѴ򺰻ơ
ϪŰ϶Ͼȥۣ˫۾Ϊ⣬ⳡ䲻ʣģǲɵͷһ
ȻԼ⣬Ҳ֣˿̻ͷԼǰװߵĵ
УҲҪҪңҲҪһˡϪۣԴί˵ĩ˻̧ۿ˰һַۣɿĴȥ
һ㶣˫ۿϪϪ˵ʲôʱϪ˵ģԼ
ڰڻʱϪŵ֣һɵУСҪǲоˡ
°Ļ˼ԵģæͷҲȥҾϪ
Ϫ¿򰲣ֹȥṴŶԷָϲ˵á
ͷ͵һЩŵĵͷϪϪ֪ô𣿡
Ϫһ죬²ЩңòײŹЩ˵ľٶڻԼ־壬ڰ㲻
ΪʲôҪô˵ǲǻҵ⼸Һ䵭ҲġϪԽɾԼĵСҲ˵˳
һϪ⻰ʱ𷽲ɺĻԼϪûкúϢԽ𣬲ֹסۼҪٶ£Ϫ˵
ϲͬ׽㲻ңܣҪд˵һģ԰ҪҺòãϪ⻰˵ʵ⣬СĵעŰ顣
⼸հ̬ת䣬ϪЩ£¶ԷԼʧԺ˻ὥнԶ
Ϫ˵ʲôˣϪ˵ϲԼ׽⻹ͷһأһķɿ죬̲סٴԷȷϵ
Ϫ˵ϣ㲻Ҫҡ
ҡͷԣǰһ䡣
Ϫдһ......
ԲԣǰһЩЩżˡ
Ϫü˼״૵˵......
˵......ż̲סǰ㣬Ϫ˵ԽԽᣬֻԽԽ콫ԷϣϪ˵һ䡣
ϲ㡣
°ʱЦ磬Ҳȥˣ㰤ϪŶԷ۾Сĵʵģ
ġϪﺦߵĽȴûŲߣ֪׼Լ⣬ǾܵöԷܸܵ
ǶֵϪЩ룬ϪʱɰҲͺˡ
ʱɺҩϪѾתϹŻ۵Ц⣬֪˶ȻѾͺãҲɵĸ
Сˣ콫ҩˡɺҩߣҷŷŽϪͻȻͷһ˰С
С㣬ҳﻹ࣬ҩ鷳Сˡ
˵꣬ɺҲ˵Ļᣬһٶ뿪˷䣬ҲûֽŹϡ
°ϪϪҲԾȴûȥҩ룬ǿŰ飬᲻Ͼ
һʱЩԻգۿϪͼԷιҡ
°ˣҨһ׵ݵϪߣϪȴǱ̡
˴ٶȵ˹ȥϪԹԽҩ£ͻȻ쳣ʺ㡣
ϪܵΪԤе£ҲĽ¸ˣ˿̱ԷһֱҪĸоȻðúǰġ
Ϫҩ󣬱㲻ٶ໰˸Ƿڱǰס֣۽硣
ڴţӦϪҪţһ
Ϫһһֱ˯˰ʱſڴͷ˯㣬ԷԴұ
һˣ۷ϪʵϪúõôˣʲôºҰͺá
Ϫ˯һоöˣʱˣһԼȥɺЩʳԺҲЩЪϢ
ϪҪַ˯һ±㾫ˣϪҪ......
Ϫҡҡͷ˰ĻǳǳЦŶԷҾŷַ˯ͦõģʱʱһ˶Էĺãַ˯ҲŷԼôϲ㡣
˿Ϫ˵һ㣬̬ȴͷ仯ðǾϲɲϪֿ䣬ͻϪʵҪҪȥ棿
ͷܳȥǺãЩϪ壬ȰϪٳȥȴԷƳ˼
㲻õҵ壬շҩӦްġϪİְ
룬Ϫȥ棬ҲǲУҲУɺҩϣ̰ǸҲϣһһ......
˵ԼĽ飬ȴϪЩεҡҡͷһ̶Էһǣδ˵Ļ˻ȥ
˵ҪҪȥ棿ˡ


95 ܺ
ϪͻȥصԼ, ɺϪҩ׼ĺõķ˰ڰǰ, ֧Դɵ㶵ĿǰİڽϪַߵҪ󣬿Ȱο
Ȼ˵СθȲˣСôŰС㣬ҲԸðգżַַ˯ˣʱС˵ͻˡ
գգ, ɺΣͻȻ¶һõЦݣǰ룬ζ˵˾䣺ֿ˯Ҳͦõġ
ɺЩԻˣϪʱæ, ƽڰտ, Էжô, ǿһ, ͻȻתԡ
ɺȻǲ֪׼ŵʱϪͰڷ͵͵µԼ, ΪϪ˵ֻ˳ȥ, ԰ȻĽΪܣ˵, Լһ˷͵֡
ֱҹڴ, ĵĻϲ, һһüįΪϪߣ켴ԼᣬԽڴһξõȴĸоҲ
һߣϪֺ̺ԼУհѺ囿ͨµЩѾİˣץʱȥʵ
һˣӵǮȥƹһ£ȥָ֪ͨһٶӵԿ׸һݣ֪Կʼɫˣ˳ӵڲƸҲæЩ
мǵ˳дһ鼮ڲģ˶鿴ˣ˿ʼСӡˢ
Ϫ˵һùֱߵˮһɤ˵̼״ȰС㣬ӲţЩЪϢ˵Ҳ١
Ϫڰֵ֣Уұ뽫Щ׵ˡ
ֹ˵䣬һߵļ磬ֹסĻͷֻϪϸֳһ˿Ц⣬˵иҪ¡
¶׵ϪȻȥˣվԭûϪķԸ˽ԱɷϪ¶ɸ̣Ȼб½
ҪͰ˳һˣȻ̫ƽѱͻԻҪһ¡Ϫ˵
֪ˣһᾡԶЩλСȫҲڱáֵͷޱӦ
ϪɫһĨȻε˵ⷽ棬Ȼ͸Ķࡣ
һηָһ£䲻˵֪Ķǲܽ黳ȥǻ̫ţֻðˣңȴҵ˽鷳㣬ЩСˡ
ұС㰲ȫܰСǣСйص±㶼ְڣ֮£С㲻ǡֻǸģϲ
ϪģЩЩʤģҪǲǵʲô¶ŵĮӰ졣
̲Ǹദӣ˷Ǽˣ˶ѿһңദôã˵ʵҺ⡣ϪͻȻתƻΨһϿıǺص¡
ֵĿϪϣĥϪΪλͻȻ˵⻰ۣ˵Щǰģ
⻰ǳϪϣ׼ȴû뵽Ļش
˼ֺܾǰʶˣı֣֮ǰֵӡ
ǿϪɻּѲǵҡ
ͷй£Ϫлֿܣ̼Բǵ֣ʶ֮ʱʱ꣬ӦϵУȴɼǵãǾʹι˵̡
뵽ϪͻȻһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Щ˷ܵ㣬ǲǶЩ뷨
ûӻתǣٳŵʱһ仰Ҷ˼С԰С㡣
Ϫһ㶣Լ԰ĸ鵱ԣô򵥾ͱ˿˳漴ֲɶ׽кԼƵˣܻ಻顣
Ϫվ˸ڣͷ£ҹɫӦǸ
ĿԱߵķ޵ƹ͸Ѿ˯ˣϪȴ˯Ŵ˼ӿ
ȻҲϣ밲׽ЩԼ˼ȴΪн˿Ѳ̹Ȼ֮ж಻еĹǡ
в˰ô죬̫ܣŶԼô죬һ̫ԷϾҲס
ҪǣϪԼ㣬ֲסɫջ󣬽ʱ˺˰ˡ
뵽˴ϪգСһЩĬĬΪԼ

ڶ峿ıӴɺԼǰѾ׵Цų˷ţȻСĽ䱸︮ĺš
ȻϪסڰĸڣϪ˵ںŴͷԼΪƽ˼ʸС
ŴʱϪѾǱߣ䴦һѣ֣ʱǰӭ
ڼˣСϪǰ𻽵Ϫ
ɫ磬ЩȽ·ϡϪӸϣʰ촦ʱ򣬼ԼشЩɬ
һֱʲô
ϪտЩһÿ˫˵
ʲôһģǺһ㡣Ϫǹ˹ǣ𰲵ǰߡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵һ˵Ϫͺÿǽֲһĺÿ
Ϫߺ˹ȥճǰصؾĵĴһԴ˾ǣҪ͵ʰҲ˼һ£ǽصϸϸ׼һ
ޣȻá
δ緹ɣȥ㡣ϪŰƵǰߡ
ɺ͹ģΪ˲֣͵͵ġЩ˵
ΪʲôҪôɺ˵һˡϪֵ˳ֲʲô˵¡
ǣϪ㲻˵ֻⲻǽҲҪ˷ˡֵ˵ϪǰС˵ڰʾ˼
ϪȻû뵽ô룬ô뵹Ҳ޷ôĵӣɴҲ𴩣˳ŶԷ
ԣ֮ԼҶ˵ܣĵģ˵˵꣬ϪָĽ˽յ֣尲գգۡ
ͷô˿Ǹ˼ˣ쿪ʼϪͺƱ˸Ƶģ̸ֹ˲Сı仯̫ϲϪˡ
ϪŰڳ㣬Ȼڳйһʱ䣬һѵĳʳһϴкڴ˵Ⱥġ
ϪȥģҪȥ𣿡ŤͷϪЩϧ
ʲôأ绹ûȥʲô˵˽ճ棬Ҫ˶飬ҪǡϪ󰲵Ц
ǣʲôȥ˾
֮ǰˣ˵ǽд֣;ĺʱ򡣡ϪʼʰŹõĶ囿֪ģҲЩǷԷ˵ǰá
ֻҪϪһʲôÿ֪ʲôֻҪϪ˵ãǾһá
ôԼϪҲɿӦ͵ҲãͰһ飬ʲôܺá


96 ҽ
ǽƬӦ, Ϫͳһ˵Է֪˵, ôȥЩ⣬ݳ˵ǵطľȷʵԶиڵķҶʱȥ˲ࡣ
ϪԵǲʲôҶʱѲپǣٷ⣬Ȼ, ˶෴ʧζ
ƵŶ˳˳ǣ쵽ǴֵʱͣϪǣŰ³֮·Ҫǰг, ٴ˵ȺǾòȻسЩʱٹҲɡ
ת, ڳǽ, Ϫ˵Щٹ, Ҫݳ뿪Ϫã״ЩǮ, ʱǳϲл, ôͨõ
ڲԶڽ, Ϫ߳ȥ, űͻȻһ, ͷǸС
ϪͷһľƵСԲͲԲͲϰһֽ
ͻȻֵĶϪüһ£ɻֽ
£źͲ磬ףá
˵Ŀǣһ֪֣ϪƬ̣漴˶Է˼΢΢̡
һڸ̫ϪЩʲôù˼ҪźͲ
ϪһڣǰԼʲôˣֲЩͽӣ컯յʲô
ϪôϪþûжܹʵ
ϪЩҵĽźͲպã̧ͷ򶨵˵ûʲôǶЩࡣ
ȷʵ˲ٶ֮һЩϪ׼õĶһʵЩ£Ҳ˵û£ҿãҡ
Ϫ֪󣬵ݹȥصɢСԼˣ˾㲻ǰߡ
ߵ·ƽıȽңϪЩģǰͷķ²Ҳ㣬ںܿͰŵķ
ٹչ·ںһ΢紵ŷҶϪ紵ʶۣű˶ϰľ
Ϫ쿴úÿŶֻüײײϪѶԷЩ
ϪۣҲһʱʧȻǷҶʱ򣬻һķҶոתΪɫǺ֮ҲűһʣʱĵѾ˲ٵķҶȥĿʵ̾
Ӧͳ;ԵʣƬֺǰͷҵľһʯӲݺ٣Щ˼Уǰʰö֮ؽͱģ
ǲϪ̧ȥ̲סп
˷ܵͷϪŤȥô˺οͷǰȥ˵˵⸽дǱȥЪŰɡ
СںԭϪʶĻƫˮĵطǲ˵Сںгˮĵطļһ㡣
ǺǲѰ˲ûܿЩԶϪԤеҪĶ࣬ɰΧ״ӵһˮ
Ϫ⣬Ķ£ֱߺ󣬾Υľʹϯض󴨴ôĽоֹ⡣
Դ⾩ǣ¶񽲹أһһжõ壬ﲻãǾۼ
ϪԣҲͷĶ£Ϫ£˶û˵㾲Ƭ̵İ
Ϫо˿ĺƽĸоȴ޷һֱСϵİ
ϪŤߵİʰôˣȴԷֱֱǰĺһ˿飬ڼʲôһĻζš
ʼϪΪʲô˳ŶԷ߿ǰĺͻȻˡ
㣬Ϊ˺Լһβ˫ȣƽ￿ʱʱˮΣ𣬰ˮ࣬ǰһˮôá
Ϫ㣬ҲӲԹʲôҲΪûӰ죬ҲһǿعԼϤĵط
뵽ϪߣȷΧû˺ص߽Ьȥ°ڶ԰˵ҪҪȥתת
Ϫϲ𣿡
ϪקСһЩӦ¡
ںѰ˿Ϊƽʯ壬Ϫʯ֮ϽŽûںˮУһӴ̲ס˸£ǵĿߵİ˵ˮЩûϵ𣿡
ûϵģҲ䡣˿׼ȥ
Ϫ״æŤȥֻоһĶһ£Ϻ֪Ĺ쳣ˮŤ
˿̰һʯ֮ϣѻָβϻѣǲҲۡ
ΥĻָԭĿԱβͲסˮаڶţһȦȦɫƬչĹ
Ϫ̲סĳͻȻ䱻קקɫ΢죬ЩȻСϪһֱڿ˼ҵβͣϲ𣿡
Ϫδ룬βһƷźĿǵͷҾúƯ
ϺԽԣʪϪҧϪĶβͶ˵Ǻ˽ܵġ
˵ᣬϪȴúĵĻعŲ˺ʧ£
ϪЩͰ͵˵ôǰû˵ң֮ǰǻң......
ʶβ͵ĺϪ˵ˣ֪ǺãβץϪ͵͵ϪĻûϵϲҺܿġ
ĿɬγһϪԷʱģݣʹǾô࣬Լȴһ
ÿΰ㽿ŴģԼʱסĶʱǨľȻȻͬԼİ̬֮Գ֡
ϪչȥĽ֮֮ͣ䣬ɤζĵʵҵĻͿ𣿡
Ϫβ͵£ȻҪӦ˵⣬Ӧ𣺡ֻҪϪ......
Ļδ˵꣬ͱ˻ȥ˫ۣ֮Ĵڸ֪˿̵״ǺȻͬĸܣδйԺ䣬̲סĲ
Ŀϣǰδе飬ˮϰ˫ҵϢУЩ־סϪǰ
֣꣬Ϫ򴽣̧ϰ˫ۣ͵͵ʲôҪʣʲôҪ˵
˿Ҳ»һƬͷһȣ˳ƸжڻعԼǷˣҲ֪᲻᲻ϲڲȥķӦһƬĿհס
ĴˢĴУ˿̵İ΢ͷϱϼ֣˵ĹˣϪ򴽣Щζŵĸо
ǵȵĲͷˣֳϪ֣һЦȻЩߵϪĻУ§ϪԴ˲䣬źʵһϪҵʱֺرĸоôģңҲѧ
⻰ʵϪ·Լһ죬ֻо˿ʲô޷˼ľŰĻ궯ѣҧƬ̣ͷĺһ˵ֿ
ãٽһΡ


97 
һʱܿ͹ȥ, ԭͻȻ˸ףĺס
ϪæŰ, Ҳ˲ʰѰһǿ꣬Ҳס޿ײˮܿϵ;ʪ
Ϫֲ̧˲ϵˮգѯʵ˼ǲܣôãնǲ꣬δɡ
Ϫ𣬰ЦЦȰοϪ, ˵ʲôϲ죬ˮ㣬Ҫע塣
Ļ, ϪڱǴ˸, ӱͻЩ, ʱ굱ǲ, ҲûףҪڹٲûô׺ˡ
Ϫ, 㻹𣿡ʱ, ӡУϪӵ㲻ú, β, ڵԷе紵ݶ, 㲻ɵнš
Ϫػ˵Լû£ǻδڣȱ⼤Ĵ˸£һĿðһ±㾾ˡ
Ϫһ§УԼԷȥ󲿷ΣмϪǧҪ
Ϫ㶣յ½ϵͣڴ˿ζԱ£ԵøůϻԷعŰһЦݣûµģģܿͻԵһ
ƺȷСһЩЬ̤ҶϣO@һɡڶϷֳɡڵС㣬ǡ
ϪͷӹеɡԷֵݹӹݸһԼҲϽϣϵʪȥ
˴·Ĺ⾰Ѿԭصʰ׵ʱִδҶ֮ϵ
С㣬͵ǰͷ졣߻ָָǰͷǰȥ
ϪкϣǶԷȻż
Ϫ͵͵ľ£𣬶ڵķλȥ
һĺԤǰͷֶ¶һ˿ȵı飬˵ɡֶϪ
ϪæסеɡһţδڰĻС
ۼǰͷԴµȺϪæðͣ£ģ˿ȥʲôӡ
ǰȴǻȻδһ㣬ֻŤһһԵֶ֣ʱһǰסߵߣ⾰Ϫ
ӴλСˣ˵ͱ䣬ڳڼɫ͸ϽλС㻹ðɣδŵĳֻǴҴƳӰе
ֽסĻͷ˵ȥɡ
Ѿ⳵棬⶷ɡҲ⳵õģԳҲδ˵ʲôæӦλСЩ꣬ǸϽȥĺá
ûнᣬͳһͷ΢΢Ŀ۳ᣬջĿųһûһ߶
ͷϪ£ͷǵĿԷԷɫ԰׵Ĵ˸£漴һѹֵĿʱüšһ
Ϫ˳˳ģָڶԷüģȰοû£ü
ɳƵɤȻ˵ִĶϪͻȻֱȥϪϵѡ
ϪһæץԼڣЩҵĿŰʲô
ϵĶͣлص·ʪˣ䡣
ϪϪǵֿһڰĶǿƣûʱ֡
ͷг֣һ·ȥ·ѲɴԼ³
Ϫ֪ڵԼǽճŲδʲôҼʹиҲȻи¡
Լס·ˣϪתס֣һẰ˺üͣ¶Ϲ̣΢΢ͷֱӰ˫ۣ͵͵֪ΪҺã⣬ͷ
һŻϪ״Ǻһ磬֪Լǲַˡ
˿ЩӣſŵϪ˿ؿڵ˴룬ˮʪķ˿ҵƤںڵķ˿ѩ׵ƤγǿҵĶԱȣΪߺͽǲ԰׵ķɫ͸ǳǳķ⡣
ֻô˿̵ϪǺÿˣһķɿ죬̲סս˼뿴ĸϸЩ
ϪڷԼ·ɵĳһæ뽫·ãȻȵһʲôͻģν͡
ǰͻȻսӣжǲ㣬ɵֵŶԷͷ뿪Щ
ǰȴ˷Ϫǰ͵͵Ϫů
֪ҵȵȣǾܻȥ˵ʱɺ׼һ£ݸˮ衣ϪЩεҲ֪ڴʪ·֮٣λޣûѡ
漴Ϫа취ů
Ϫϸ밲⻰ʲô˼ԷѾקԼڶ֣֮
ԭȰǰϪǰ˿ǰ߶ޣ޷վֱӣֳֻᰤϪάӵƽ⡣
Ϫ˫ۣôҲ벻ʱȾٶԷĹȻԤĻҪѸͣܿ㱻Ĺռʶһ˲ɣ㱻׵Ļ˷ߡ
ϪЩٵȦס˰ĲһǣǴĸоݵĺϵĲʡ
ʱͻȻ͵һͷλСû°ɣ·Щƽ̹ǶൣЩһξͺˡ
ͷķ紵δ˽Ϫ͵ػعæͷһǣƿ첻ŵĿŶԷ
ǲʲôϪԣһ޺˵֮ǰϪҵʱҾ;ȵĺܣϪûиоůЩ
Ϫ˵ֻһζĿŰֻǳһۣ͸ĴƼͷĳǸǺã
Ͱúýһ⣬˵֮ǰϪҵģôǲѧĺܺã
ۼûʶĹؼһڴȴԼϪֻĿһϲ£Ƶĺܡ
ǰ⻰ҲԼγںߣ컯֮˺ͷһ£˿кôԡ
뵽˴ϪҲֻ鸴ӵ³һ䣺
⵹ҲǼٻƽĶۣǶλǲأȷʵĶȻԼҲһͱŽߡ
ƺзŲĴУϪ´һβ⣬Ҳգֻлȥںϸϸ˵ˡ
ⷬڱȶԤƵĸʱû㵽︮ʱҲѾͣˣǱģʵǲʺϴŴҡڵ߽ԼߵԷĺš
ʪ͸ϪͰʱɺһæȥ׼ϴˮȻȥ˽
ɺ׼ʱ򣬲ʵС㣬Сȥˣôʪ
㵽˴˿̣ɼǵúϪԼЦе˵ܡ
ɺɵ֣ⰲʪģΪοȥôģԷȻ˵ҲͲˣʪ·Ͱ˵ȥû
˵⣬ɺĿڰ϶˶٣С⼸Щϻ𣿡
ɻĿɺ֪Է˵ϻʲô˼һԵľУԼĴɫҪϲ٣漴׹ɺӦǿԼĴôʵġ
֪ⴽɫ仯ԭ򣬶ɺеϻЦеҡͷûУûϻ𡣡


98 
Ϫظĵһ±˸ˮ, ˮһ̣ůʱɢϵʪ֮, ˶ˮУƬ̺ˮ棬Ժ󣬿ԡͰıԵ³һ
̧ŷշְ֣ڴ֮ϣָˮմʪأհһ㣬ļһ, ˮ»
꣬Ϫ컵ķΧѳԼǡѬģȻԻζΪתעһ, ˮкһ, ˮ֮϶ʱһˮ
Ϫü΢, ʱ, ԷδԼҲԶԶĶˮпǿɰˡ
漴, ϪǵЦ, ʱˮлָβǿģָǰ, Լڰô, δ˵ҪصˮеĻ, ϪҲһ㡣
ǰļңĵطôôһ㣬ĬһֱΪڰһٶ
뵽˴Ϫ̧ס˫Ŀƹ͸ָ˫ۣϪδֱˮԸŷִԡͰָֻģ
ҹڳԵģڷǰȹһ뽪ԵʣϪԵĲ࣬ǰʳܺã֮ǰ̺˵ʳ½Ϫصһ£Ե㣬̲סԷԴǰеӡ
˼ָֻ֮ԭȵ״̬Ҳǰ˿ЦǺǵ˵㣬ǺͺˣǰӣǱŤˡ
Ϫû˵Ѿͷ˵ҺϪϵɺˣû˱ȵϡ
һʲôЦȻʱǳ˰Ϫϵȷʵ£òϪǶһЩ
ν֮֮УҲΪذϸҪҲһ˭Ŵ
˵ʲôأҪ۹ϵ϶Һҽϵã㣬ǿǿƽɡһŤͷԸ߰˵ųּµİСһ𳤴ƽ֣Ǻ˲ˡ
һ⻰ˣ¿ӣŻӽ˵ʲôҺϪϵã֪......ߺ~
ϪԭŰͻӶЦԹۣͻȻ˵⻰ʱͷһͻæתͷȥڰʱס죬ֻζĺߺõӡ
շϪ̧۷ֳ˻˶һ򰲵ȴĵӣüһʲô
ӸûϵգĻ˵һ룬׷ʵôˣ
һ춼￴ѧϰϪϰΪֳȥˣ⻰һȵǱʲô˵Ĺ
⻰һϪûһƺȥʱŵĿ򰲣¶Էһͽ˼ǵ˵С˵˳ȥ
ηĿŻӣҡͷԵķʵʲôΪʲôҪ㣬ֻҪ֪ЩϪֻһ
˵꣬һ߰İͷ˳Ϫ߼˼ۣӲŵĿŰŤͷĿϪʵ㣬˵ĲģԲԣ
ϪŻӣʱȷʵû˼һҲЩǸ⣬ǸҲһĻӵļ磬ڶԷϣĿϸĵ氲ɾǲмͰͬ˵Ҳû
ԶϪһЦӽ˵Ļǳ鴤˼£ĵĵͷ߷ߵİеķ
Ϫˣ󰲵ģҪ̫ŻӵҲȷʵ˲٣ҿóձûؼҹ򵥹ɡ
׼һռ٣ɺһϽֲЩڵĶһ
Ϫɿڷȥ棬Ӷʱ»ָ˾Ϫڣһĵͷ
ҹ˸ԻطϪǰ̸ر鷻Ľչ֮ͷ˵ˣҲЩȥЪϢɡ
ת뿪Ϫʲôſںס̵ǻʱǡ´꣬ҺͰʪֲһڣͷһ·ķ꣬ӿɻܵס
һ㶣֪ϪΪҪ漴ÿΪϪ˽ϰ֮˵ʣԲһʣǻصϰ֮ȳ˺ãҹδӦ¡
ϪԵͷûٺò˵ǹæģƢһգҲ̡̫
ЩԸӦһʱֿˣΪһˣϪ֪
뿪Ϫָ棬ڰϽҲǰԼ٣ȻӦΪպѺúĻʯ
صе̣Ѿ˯£ҴҿһۣԼ䣬ȥЬӣͷԣǿԿȻֹǱǿѹȥ
üһ壬뵱·ĪﲻϪĻִЬҴҳš
ԭ̻طѴ˯£ԷȴִҴ뿪ɷŵķ򣬺ô˶Էʲôȥ
ò̻֣ȥȴͷһŲæת˸װѾ˯ŵģ
̻صУֺѾ˯ţеϣԥһ£Ӳ˵˾䣺ţԺ뽪
˵̱㲻˵ԻصԼĴϡ
ԭյ˫ۻȻķ´ߣͷеĽͷһʹ̵¶⣬仹ЩδɾĽĩɾúǺúȡ
˯ͷûһǱߴһл
ڶչ߳ɺȥ𴲣պײ˶Ա߷г֣״æ˵ֻҰɣҴһϴˡ
ȴǵͷĽ鷳ˡ
ɺһ㶣ɻʲô˯磬δ׼
ɺϪͰ׼ʱϪص׼Ƿݣ˵ϰ֮ˣϪô˵ˣɺҲˣֻ׼˵ķݡ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˵£Լϴͺá
ɺԶȥЩʱӴͷſɺ˵ˡ
үҺ񿴼ֻЦˡɺŻЩ˵
˵˭֣ľͷҲЦ˰㡣Ӱڰ֣ʾһ㲻ɺĻ
ɺҡҡͷ뻢磬һȥϪкŲ
ϪͰ㣬˱˹ŻӵݹȥһǮ˵ǮǸ㻨ʡŵ㣬һȫûˡ
־ϲĽӹǮ֪㻹ǰϵģϲһߵлһܣкɺϽϡ
ɺŻһ˿Ľ뿪ȴϪֵݹһǮ˵ɺķݣͷװıȻӵĶЩɱ֪֪ǸзִģǴҲԼЩϲģżһҲͦá
ɺ㶵ĽӹǮܵĹĹҵĴУж֣ص˵ллС㡣
Ϫһĺ󱳣ЦˣϽȥɣСӹƵȵĲͷˣɵÿЩˡ
ɺߺϪֺ̣ҲݹȥһǮ˵㶼ϹôˣһûǮһԸ㡣
̼״˵£С㿴á
ϪʧЦȻˣǮУֵǵ˵ģʵûռǮҿóǵѪ˵ôҲظ˼˼
̾㱻Ϫ˳ȥǮŽУеĵɫӵĲȺ


99 
ͱ˳, ϪŤͷƼ˲Զִ̧֣кֻ, ˯ÿɺã
ϪЦ°Ȼƺֵ˯״ǹģƵ˵С㻹ЩСǺϻ𡣡
⻹ѵ˵ô໰Ϫüһ⿴İ漴˶Է˵ʲô, һ죬ɰͰ͵˵˾䣺ֻˣԻעġ
Цһ漴ͷҹ˯üãлС㡣
ϪҲָЦ, ֵ, ֻ, Ҳǻѡ
ֵ, ֪зʲô俪ĵ£ϪҲˣתʵѽ, ҲŰ, ҪҪȥ
ϲǣÿ궼ڴ˼ѽѺֵۡ˵, ȻûлȥĴ㡣
ֿ˿Ժеֲ, ֽ˵ҲҪȼѽ֮ˡ
ϪȻ֪˵˭, ЦЦҲãԺ˶ҲЩұЩЩʱȥ
ֵͷϪһֱصԼס
ϪصߣƹЩ˵ϪЩȵġ
Ϫ󰲵ڷæµ˱ſ̽ͷ̽Եģк£Լջȥȥ˯
㽿ε̬Ϫ˳˶Է⣬סˣǼѵľܾ˰롣
һϪȥˣ˵Ϫ֮ϣ˵ϪȥͰ
Ϫûޣæҹź˯ʵİȥˣԼֻصС
ϪڵĴǲͰ̫ܣϣһУĸ飬һҲǸ˵ĸһЩתأ˿ǳǿ󵽿ðǵĺһڵദģʽѾ֪ˡ
ϪʲôڣԴʵ
Ǻϲž۵ӡϪش
ҪϲˣΪʲôҪȵһƽһ𣿡ɻ׷ʵ
Ϫ˶򵥱ˣЦǺܸӵģױ̫ңʱҪһڻɣʹԼİõ˵롣
ңеˣֻҪϲԷԷһӦ⡣
ƶǶĵͷ鷳ϲϪϪҲϲңǲǶһֱһ𡣡
ϪСֹ̣ѽˣϲϰ

磬ϪƷǰеа֣ԭϪǴһȥģϳȥ˶δ̷ŰһˣҲȥ˱һǰ
סСԺſţͷȴǿһˣϪɻĿ֣ɵĵĪǳʲô£
Ժûд򶷺ۼʱҲΧкӦ¡ֻܻص
ϪĶŽڣ߳ѯʲԶֱߵ̯ȥ˺δ
̯ϪǮŬĻ˵ǲǰ񿴼һӱȥˡ
Ϫ˳ųźӵķһ·ȥȻһƧԶԶĿӰ
СԺ͵شƫƧŲԶǺӵغӵһֱߣؽƽʱûʲô߶ˡ
ʲô
Ϫ󣬷СƺһֻһѣһѾͷԣͷ˾ƣƺƲһںȡ
ͷҲ˵пˣڴ˵ػѣǿɱɨǵˡ
Ϫ̧ͷҿۣи룬˳Ļ˵ѽڣȥΪ׼¾Ʋˣ
ˣʱʱҲй־ͬϵôЩȥˣʱǨʱµԣЩѶ֣Щȴǽ޻ᡣ
󣬱ֻʣʳͷҪ˵˵Ȼ仹ǵ롣
Ϫ²ɸд࣬ҽʱԶⷬģʱʮͣԻȳϣĵ뷨ҲˬʵЦա
ʱ׵ԼͻӺ֣СʱĻûٳΪ˶ŪĶ֮ǰطʱ
ϪܵĵʶȻģֵȴļΪϳɣҲͥϻһЩյģϪϲˡ
ɼ뿪Щ꣬ȻǾĶۣ͸κͼȣʵꡣ
ںӱվ˻ͻȻߵԶӿź˵ǶԵģʲôˣ궼ع󺣡
һУȻҲӭÿһˣźӵ˵üġ
ٵߵľһ٣ַ򰲣ĥ͸ǰȴڿ϶Ϊһ㣬ĵ˵ͷ
˼ϪλСѵ˼Ц˼ӵһ֡
߰ɣȥˡ
ϪŰϣϸ⻹ǰһλ棬벻ĳ
˻صСԺеľƺһԺе֮ϣŰϪҽܽܣ
Ϫǰһ˵ѣҲΪεˣ
ͷĿŰصĴͻȻЦܿɹϪƺϵ¡
Ϫ״ҲǸ͵ЦȷʵʱǼΪر𡣡
Ŷ~ر˵ǼΪһ㣬һζ˵
Ϫһͻܿ԰˼Ҳ⣬Ͼ߶գ֮ǰҲ档
һ棬֪һУɵĽţԼԣպ˶ܿ˼
ʲôأΪ߶꣬һףϪ˵ֿڵ
Ҫô˵ĻϪˣԭǰ֮ѹôͱʶơ
˾˵Цһһ㶼ûж԰ϪĹϵʾκβϪкǸж
ɫʱϪȥһȥ︮ڣܾˣۼ˵ԷϪҲֻźա
ſʱŰϪλСѣ򵥣Ȼұ㲻ٸʵףֻϣ֪ϲҲĴ㣬㶨Ҫúû
ϪͷʾԼ׵ģ漴ѯһ»س̵ʱ䣬ظ
صԷʱɫȻڣӼ˶Ѿˣɺ˵˱˵˶ˣȥ˶
磬ǽķŹǲͬϪ˻һţ˵㻹Ͻȥæô㻹ɺһ˰᣿
죬Ÿɺȥ


100 ѽ
˵Ȼܺ, ӺɺæŰˣ̸ֺԺǴվ, Ҳ֪ʲô
Ϫ䣬ָ˵ϪʲôΪʲô͵͵֣
ϪԿ̣Ȼ⵽˶ԷЩȻɫζĹ𴽽ǣԼ˵ĻȻˣҲʵĻᡣ
£ֻЩߣڲ˼˵ϪЦŻص
ڵķ, Էһ̹ȻվڲԶƺһ㶼ûע⵽̵ĶҲûҪк˼Ϫü͸ִ˿ֵ̱⡣
ߣʲôﳣ˵, ȴǺףջĿ, ԵúܸȤ
Ϫ, Ҳû취ܺõĻش, 룬˵žǣΪ֪ԼΪ᲻ԼԷĲ, Բױֳ
һãȻĿԼ, Ϫ룬־, һҵʱ, ӦһЩߵζ
Ϫ˵, ԼЩԼʱкߵʱ
Ϊ˵Щ㱻ϪڰͣŶģԾľսץϪ֡
ȻĻش˰ЩȻ۾ȻЩԻüͷ
ϪָüģЦ벻׾ĪҪˣԻ׵ġ
ʱӺɺԼʰ׵˳Է
һ˰յԵ˿չ¶òһһò͵ĺʱ
ȻЩ΢ǽյĲϱ˾ƣСһں󣬱ʱů
Ϫٱ˵ѽڣϧǽ겻ܺͼžۣǳߵ˾Ǽˡ
Һˣλ飬ҲϣǻžۣʱֻڸҲΪ֡
˶ǾٱϪĻϪϣҪеľƺ£ȴס
ϪܺȡüϪж˾ƱõϪԶԶģһĲͬ
ϪȻЩɻʵʲô
ƱյǰᣬЩƿ˵һΣǸһϪϪⲻǺö
⻰ϪˣǻһβµǴ¼ԼһǸӰ
һǺȵ̫ˣʵûкû֣֮ʶȵĺȶкôġϪĵĽ͵Ⱦⲻˣǰ裬ȻÿοȾƣ϶ܡ
˿ԼеľƱĻſϪȻ԰׵ĻԶûһʵʵڵڰǰϪ˵
ϪЩյ򴽣ԾƵûʲôִ˵ȸãڳԶǣǼڵ㿴ɺǲǶ𣿡
ԿߵˣȻ˶˱еľƣֻǷӳͬ
̲û̫Ӧһģֲһ¶ǣݱʱΣʽĮԵľϲУѵõĶ¶˼Ц⣬̲סڴȤ˼䡣
ͷӺ¾ƺ󣬾һԣһҲмֲӦɺæ˱ˮûȥȥζ
ȷʵܵģۺɵĿԼеľƱ
Ϫ״ȻҲˣ֧ԴµĿŰЦ㲻ҺȣԼһ£ƵǺζ
ⶫƽϪǲðȵģǰδƣϪЩҪһµĺãҲΪԼԭᰲָܵȨ
⻰ðɫƱһصĿţȻתͷϪϪٴͷʾ֧֮󣬰һ½еľƾУһ¡
ƱصķϺ󣬰ԴһĲþû̧ͷ
ԭϪһЦĵŰķɫֱСĵʵôǲʲôĵط
ûӦϪĶʱѲ㲻ܺȾƣ
Ϫݵʱ򣬰̧ͷһ˫Ӳӵ˵Ϫʲôƺһȵĸоúֲúȡ
򴽿Ѿ˵ľƱԵЩδȥϵľƺ
Ϫ״ʱһŰģǰˣû뵽Ȼϲơ
عʱ򣬷ְѾ¶ˣҪ˼
æסƺüٺˣ֪ϲһβɺ̫ࡣ
Ȼɫֺõٺһһ
Ϫ̬˿ҡͷŰ㲻Һȣ˿ǲҲ
һ£Ȼһ޹ЦҲͬϪˣҺһȡ
ϪĬȻ֪гΪƹǱʣһʼͲðơ
ԼڳԴö϶԰ݣǺȾƲһûϪƺݸ̣д˭Ҳơ
˵ͷӦʣʱԴĿϪ
ϪԴεȳԲˣٲⷹ˶ҪˣȾƣѰȡ
⻰˰Цգϲ˵ˣ
Ϫͷ˵ˡ
һ˵Ⱦ˵Ц¹ȼѽڣȷ˳ԵĲʱӯǰݷãϪӭ
ԷǹʺѽڵģϪΪβϽֹ䣬յľǿǺֵġ
ϪҡͷһϾ£ҾͲˣԺеǻᡣ
ӯԱʾ⣬Ʒ͸ϪһΪԼǡ
Ϫһ鷳︮ôãҲⲻȥҲԼµƷֺӯһ͹ȥ
ӯɣϪصԺӺɺǰ˵ȴӰ
Ϫ˼ְԺмɽһ䣬ȫ䱸ĶŽĳ
״Ϫǰʵôˣ
һϪʱһת˽ϪĻС
δȰڣдO@֮ϪֻоеİһһһӰԲݴԾ𣬶ͬһʱ䰲Ѿ㵽Ϫ
Ϫʶֽ̧ǰĺӰץסϸŷ־һֻͨɫè
èĽСӦͣһ˫Բ۾תţԴϪһҲ~ĽһȥϪֱ
Ϫ˲һèɰ䱧УָŪźè°ͣèõķܵĺ
²ֻèѣ˵ģ㿴ɰϪһ߶èһ߲
֪èϪ߳ɺӣŭϪеè
ԭ˳ĺèٶϰҲϪֱϺëֱŰסķ
ϪĿǰһèһˣû뵽èȻôԸ
󴨴ںߣΪʪҲ֪ǲԭ򣬴к϶ܿè
ϪϲèģѵÿôƯ˵Сèһè˵è
ǼȻ㲻ϲȻҪվڰһߵģЩĽèڵϣĶԷԴʾ߰ɡ
ǺèȴĽţסϪСȲţǲԸ뿪
Ϫε֪㲻ߣǿҲ뽫¡
û취ϲҺҪֻܻԼļȥˡ
ϪĻ䣬մͻȻһĨĴУϲҲϲϪ
ϪƬ̣һ½ǺèҲˡ
˿Ϫ˲ʲôèŤͷΧԺֻбǵĻӺɺ˷ְŵľٶ
ŵĶŰ˵˵ˣǰҪעЩôͻȻ
ȴͷִ˹͵͵˵Ϫھ롣
Ϫһ죬漴ŵһŨҵľüʱŰǰϵľƺԭȻдƵľƺѿˣƺǷͰǰģ˲ᶯֻǰȵġ
û뵽Լһ񣬾ð͵͵ôƣŴ˿̳һֱЦİϪ̾˿ŻӺɺкæקŰ˷䡣


101 
ŽŹ, Ϫһ˫֣Ӻ滷סϪ, ͷСʵϪһطʲôΪʲôҪţ
Ϊ˾Ƶԭ򣬰ϵ¶ȱƽ˸ϲ٣͸ϪԭеЩѸů
ϪַŰ壬̲סӣָһֻ³°黷ŵ֣ȥ
ҴطȻҪ˯, պ̫ƣʵʵϢ
Ϫ˵굹˱ˮ˵ǰ˵Ⱥȵˮ, Ȼҹÿڿˡ
ȴûȥ, ͷǰˮ, ͻȻȥ, ǰӽҲȣϪιҺȡ
Ϫǰİˮֶ˶, ĥ, Ȼж㣬ضȻ, ЩΪ, ȴܹϸ롣
̲סаԼϪ, ŰĻӵݵ˰ߡ
°Ȼ죬бΪ֮ʣˮ㵹ٶȲÿƣϸСˮ˳°Ѷ£ʪ˰ǰ½
ָùһˮգ򣬲ĿϪϪʪˡ
˾Ϫסһͣһĺʹһ㣬ҲЩΣɲơ
İ֮Լǰòм˵ֵסջϪȥݺҧס⣬ȴڻʧζӣϪۿ΢ȴҲ˼֡
ϪʲôΪʲôȥίĻ
ϪתȴƣԹʵϪ˵ϲңԲԣ
Ϫ鲻ԽĺˣͷӦϲ
ɫԻǰʵжϲ
Сȴ̵ıԵϪ޿ˣڴ֮ϣͷȻϲ
ӣյϪǰ׷ʵģ
Ϫ˿ĭ촽q³֣ġ
ʱչһЦüͷʶ£ɵϪˣ
ϪԼҧ˵⣬ŹԼвѪζżˣûе¡
ϪΪʲô˵ѣӹڴ֮ϣӸµĿϪ
Ϫ㵹ֳסӣҪ˵ȴק֡
Ϫڰǰֵһᣬɾͱק£Ҫſ˵ȴ˫ûϵʹĻͺˣ㡣
䣬Ϫʱɴ˫ۣ˫ԴǿƵĶסĴʹڲסĸοתΪϸϸ֮С
ʶʼЩƮӵֽס˶ʧȥ֧ŵ˱ˤڴ֮ϡ
ͻȻʧȥĿİϳƬ죬漴㿴˿΢΢Ϫٶ
Ϫæס죬䲻Ҫٿ
ʱɺʻС㣬ǻ費ҪҰæ
ϪҵĿűߣɺ˿ŶҪػȴʱ͵һһ͸Щĵľĺ䡣
˿ץ֣⻮ָڣĿ
ĺɺɻЩǵٶȺС㣬ǲʲô⣿Ҫҽ𣿡
ǽϪæһѽקбסԷԷʲôϵľٶмæصˣϱ˯ˣͻҲЩϢ
ϪĻػɺӦһ˵ұطˣҪСκҪʱҡ
ϪæӦĽŲԶųһֻо˶۵ĺܡ
еȻûɺôöԸŴϪĻȻֱȥϪϵ·
Ϫ󾪣ŰŭζᣬϪѵ
Ϫ֣Լʲôζ˼һʱ𷽲ԼǺèڻУѲɰϺèζ
ִţϪΣֹֻס֣Ȱ˵Լ
ȥֻµϪ̧ᣬӦûζ
һͷĻУԴסز䶯λУϪס΢΢ʱ
ڰܿͣ¶̧Ϫ˵ϪζϲϪֻҪͺá
ϪȻ֣Լδżκζ˵Ǻζ
Ϫ˵ϲҶԲԣΪʲôӲǰ
Ϫ䣬µĿ⣬Ϫɻʲôô
ӣץϪԼ֮ϣɫ΢˵ϪңǸļһһҲҪ
ȥϸһ֮ʲôȻʲô֮٣ϪЦһ־ðɰȻһֻèĴף⵹Ҳʲô˵¡
Ϫ˳Ű˼ԴȻḧգ°ʹ£Цʵˣ
ĵѽϪĻУϪΪ⻥Ҫ˽ˣȴ룬У̧ۿ˵
Ϫ˳ָķȥȻǰ΢΢ͦĸǺèĶš
촽΢ţ֪˵ʲôĺץŰļʶԷ֪֪˿˵Ļζʲô
ϪûжĴߴٵϪ
Ϫ̲ס˿ĭۿҪ·ҿæְסŵý·ͺá
Ҳûֵ֣ŵϪϪֻоĴ߳ˮܸоΪ
һҧۼѵƶƣÿһ£·Ҫùȫ
꣬Ϫеİӷϸ΢ĲϪæʵôˣǲǲ
ҡҡͷ̧ͷշų죬˫ʪĿϪϪֵֺĸо
Ҳᡣ
Ϫֻоٿһ±͵սֱۣڰļϣãź૵ǹˣ˭ˣ

ѽڣҶžһ飬ڿջеãȵϪϢ
ԭΪԶ磬֮Ϫһͷˡ
缸Ѿȥˣûһȥٴձʱƻһ㣬ͬϪһһȥ
ȴδʱţϵﻹ
⻹ŵһһ˹һŨŨĹ¼֮С
͹٣͹Ъ¥⴫С
żһܵűߣһķɿ죬Ϫûˡ
𼱻ǵ¥ܣ¥ݵʱһЩˤһ˫ּʱס
ʲôô죿ֲܡ˵һͳ
æͶԷлվӺ̧ͷˣ磿ô㣿
ɫЦ⣬ߵһƲǰЦҽԲڼУܺ͸ĸһڣֵպϹɡ


102 ҹ
ձǸ, ȻЩ磬ǰ̫ɹ˺
ҹͻȻ, һαľ¥ſ֨죬СԶ¥ŽŹ˰ȡ
ջĿ⿴ԷƵľƱǰϤЦ˵ε£Ҳİæ벻ǰƨɺתƵСƨڶѾϲˡ
ŽӹƱǰ, ȻԷѾȫǻóЩۼĵײһɬʱǺֵ緢ž͸Ų͵ɥ
һ, ±еľ, ̽ʵ, 㲻ǲĽп⣿
һ˿, ±еľƣֳһЦ˵ôĪа, ڹҴĺ£
, ôô˵ǿ, ֻǵ, ᲻Ǳߵ˲ϲ, ϾòײŵΡæ͵
Ʊϣһ죬ŵΪȾְ죬ͷС˵˾ʲôûʣ̧ͷ̾һ
ⷬģ㶨ȻʧɣĪ˵㣬Լ̧ͷѽڣǶڼУ뾩ǰټһ棬ô˵ֳҲԶٷߡ
ҲĪҪ˵Щĵģ˵˵ɣЩӣпɻã
£ֲԸἰҲǿˣϾСհʹǣŵҲʱġ
ţһжã׺ĸʱ㣬ǰʱͼϵǺǵǣϾ
ҲТǹˣԺҶԻȥ췣п˵˵ĸҲ¶һ˿˼
æο磬˵ĻֻҪȥǸ˻ôᷣ㣬ĪҪô롣
ЦŽŵľƱϣת˻ʵǰĻ£ˣ
һ⻰ŵۿɼĵͳĽеľһ
˷Ͼһ뿴Ľ˳ϪĹϵʵͷһЩԼС˼
ϪԺһºˮǴߣǰǵĻ£˾ŵԣϼҸһ֣ȢϪǴ´ࡣ
ڲһˣϪͣĻع飬ĻȫȻ˵䲻ϪϪǼˣǱ¼ޡ
ĻŵĶУз߿״Ҳ˵֮ǰϪͲԸǿ
žôҲŬȡһ£ϣھеԼĴھĳһϯ֮أܸ취ĳ·ڵλܺϪȴһ¸߶ȡ
˭뵽֮󣬵õȴԱϢĵΪģҲһ˿ССԹ
⻰ǴеʹǰΪԼƵžӿһԵĽ⼸·Ϥ˵
ŵĻʱʱſ˾ƱϣŶˣôԼҵܵܶԼĲﰵɫӿԼ۲ŵ״
ϺϪ¸˺ܴİǿһЩʵ
ǣǰɣԭϪͺܴҲܴϣѾѾߵã̫Զˡ˿ȻȸˣͷӦ
˻ȥƱһڣббĿһǣͻȻſʼԾµͷ˵ܣ룬ʵǹⲻȥ˷س̣ȥȻؼҿȥϪǴк
Ż˻ԴĻϲУаȥ˵ǣ磬һܸˡ
Ǳô˵ˣ˲٣͵ɣСطȥ٣ɵõһһ
СžŻطߣֺƹĽ˼仰Ųš
ʱо˿˿ƵؽֵС˰ɡſɡͷС
ͻȻһɨֵֵķΧȺɢŴæꡣ
֪˴Ӻײһ£еɡֶҲһȵڵء
ײѲ֪ȥ򣬶ɡԶһֻּ
ιҵɡ˺ţҪȥ
ɡ˿һۣװδģɡ㳯һ첽뿪
л׷ȴٶȱȺڵأһƱϵʯƣҵʹһֵǼɡѲ֪١
ƽһĹŵѾʪ͸ѪĻ䣬뻳УϽеǮ󣬾ֻʣͭ塣
һٷеǮҧҧٶŵСſҪһѡ
Сһ̧ۣҪͭ壬Ŵ󾪣ʵ˵ʲôҷ򣬲ͭһѣôھҪˣ
Сں˵ǷŵļۣҲˣɡǽλޣҾʮͭ嶼ҪѾ˵ˣ
СȻۣɡ޷ģָζգ
ԥ䣬һŻĹ̯ǰСһˣڵ˵عӣɡɣôȥãǮ˵ǧˡ
عҲƴɡߣǰС˵ҲȸһѣǮҸնģٲȻ㿴Ǳߵľ¥ҵܵסͷձҵὫǮ㡣
С´ۣмЦ˵λλͭС⣬ˣ
ֻоɫȣǿѹŭ㲻Ҳ˷㣬ˣ֮Ҹ˫
СʲôЦ£Ц˼˵عӣ丸ǳд٣ǲǮأǺˣ˵ãҿɡ벻Ҳ𣬾ͱˡ
žҵţ޲ǰݺݽѵСһ٣С߽⣬һ⣬Ǹˣֲ粻ܿôĹԷ
̧Ĩ˰ϵˮĽСòԼԺУ˫ȭգѪˮָ䡣
ǱŵŵˣСü䣬ſʼ䣬ȴֻһŤͷС
ǱȥӰСмĺһ˾䣺˰
գʹԴСˮ
Сˮʱ򣬽תĻϴ˰Ҹ˵Ҫһȥ
漴ô£žƾôӦˣ˿ﲻЩģŴӦˣҲ֪Ϫ᲻⡣


103 
֮, Ϫ»صæµ֮У֮ͬǰȫͶ, ʱ򾡿ܵĻͰһţ˯ǰԷ˵˵
ʵڳ鲻ȥԼǰ
ò˵СԣȴðãֱҪĸоĸоںܴĳ̶ϵ˰ûʧĲС
ѽڵĵڶգϪ˯ѺİǷ񻹼ǵǰһ¡
õȴǰһķʣ£Ϫ˵һ
⻰Ϫƿԣﺬʾһ, ȴɲҪ죬Щջžһһͷȵܡ
ȴ󷽵˵Ϫ˵ǲһΣҶǿԵġ
⻰ֹҹ֣Ϫ£ŷ̵ָڰǰĶ, ں󿴵, аԼûϢ
˺, Ϫ㲻ڰǰἰ, һͣס׷ʴ, Ϫ, СѾͷƬӷͼǵһ
һֱﰵʾϪ۴£ϪװԼ, ֪Ҳ, ˻İȻܴ, ûɵһԡ
ЧˣϪȭ󰲵Ķ㲻ʲôԺҽ˼ġ
ⲻϪССģȴû⻰ðģÿ˯ǰһʣϪ˼𣿡
ĳ治ɺײ˼ΣʳϪмܲסŰݺݵ˵ôѯұ㲻ˣպʱˣȻ֪ģҸ㡣
ȥЩճС˵鷻µǽеĺ˳
ٲھǾӪ꣬͹ϵĴЧʸ̫ˡ
̵ʵ鼮ĳдĶɵĽţ϶䣬ٻпϪҪ
ҪıϪͰͺãͷһŵĹô˵Ϫλϰ嶼
֪һںƲ٣ϪĸмͬʱҲǶһӽ鷻һЩƻǰд١
һٵĹɱӣҲϾϪԹϣæĽŲմصʱϪЦеʵٶ鷻Ĺɶҽ׬ǮĻ֪ϰ壬Ҳ֪ϰлɻ⣿
ϪСۣȴ˷ܣҪ֪˿̵ƣպķգһ룬ٲٽһݻ
鶼ﱸĲˣϪҲ̻ȥæһ£Ͼ²ǹغһ˻ǣ𢣬ж̫ãʵ˵ȥ
һ˾̤֮˹̡
̵գϪվߣλسԭԼһһԱȥ·Ͽһ㡣
¸֪ӯɣѯ︮ļҹգӯ⣬Ǻˬһֻȡ︮ơ
Ȼ͵ģϪҲƴǣ֪︮ȡ£ʽ⣬һ˻֪ĳģҲǰŰζ
ܳ˾һͬ裬Ͼʤ޸ӯɵ⡣
囿±ֱӵĶˣֱӸϪһӣԱʱ֮裬ӹЩҲʵʡ
˼һ£ԼҪһˡ
ϪҲٿڶҪһλȥĶ飬ϪνǶһģĿ
Ϊ׼ȲϪʣҲʵէһҲж
ıͨһ˶࣬ϪĶŮ죬ݳֺ̣ͻǺһ
ԭƻӦһģб䣬㲻ȥǳϡ
ϪʲôҸ˵ؼһˣԺһȥҲ֪·;ңԶҸǸˣҪһ˻ȥҶѰ
ԣ㿴ܲи㣬һЩŵѯϪ
ϪĿб󷽵˿űһھ¥ʱ˼֣˵ľҲЩǷѣ͸һϢӹĲ̫˳ġ
˳糵ʲô£ֻھ࣬Ϫϰ߶뼸֣ϵĻشȻҲˡ
ϪûлػŻϪͬ⣬ϽϪģǲ鷳ģֻҪͬŲطǻԼŰģһ·Ϊѵġ
Ϫһ㶣ǻҲǸ˼и㣬Աˡ
˵ĶԻһֲĶУϪǰ΢ţֻо۽֨֨յۣϪԥģ
Ƿ¶ǵвߣһɻֻĿڣĺ˼֡
ǱߵõϪӦʵţϲüңϪ̬Ѿʵı仯ʱգ¹˵ĹϵҲǲܡ
һ뵽˴űļǣϪ˵ϼû
Ϫ㣬ഫһȣס֣
ʶĽס˶ϪһԴȥǰ˿̴н˳ɿŵľٶ
ʲôϪ
վ֮϶Ϫ֣ĿĶţԷԷʲô֮١
Щڨڨջ֣Ϫûע⵽ЩεĽȲ˲æϪ鷳㣬Ժһỹģˡ
ϪŵͷȻסֽ
ЩʧĻߣûɵ˵磬Ѿˣ㰲ĺһȥ磿
˵һ룬ȴ㶵Ķһ񣬲ûн˵ĻȥûзԼĴڣ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
ֻĿľͷǴ˿վϻδϪͰˡ
˴ɫŵ£ű㷢˵ʲôźǸˣϾǳĵЦ⣬վǱһ㡣
ι̵˴ӣ´ûŮǰ㽲ҴӵﶼɫһԽĳǶ˵ڲͬ
һҲ񣬶ɫ۵ֺֹˡ
ע⵽ΧĿ⣬Ϫһ°ϵɴ΢΢Ц⣬ܻһȦ
ͬŰƿĿ⣬ֻɿǱߣǡʱ복ᣬ΢洵ɴһǣܿ˱˳ᡣ
⾪һۣһ𣬲Ծ΢΢ſ졣
Ŵ˿ѾָǰģɵһͻĪҲϪ˼
ʻʱȴЩ㱵ԼļʵܣϪߵŮ˭
һʵĲϪʱںǲԼʱϪദİŲСԹºǲ͵˵Ŷ˵ô˵ӦϪĺѰɡ
ǺηʿǴΪǰӲ֪һһԲסϪ򿴡
ҲǺ´ֻϪ֪˵ˣǸϽɡŲڰĻ϶˵ߴϽ뿪
Լؼң̲ססĻζŵĻ棬дʵ治


104 Ϯ
Žص˵ʱ, ѾָģǵеϢһʱ, ɫЩѿ
һλسӣһλسǵгһģĿۣǶ׼Щĺá
һڼ󣬻㵽ֹϪ׼ûʲô˵ԼΪҪҪһЩģ˵ͬһƵ, ΪλһһϵֻϢʱá
ԭİţӦϣͻȻһû˵ʲô, ׼õȴǵñ䶯
Ȼǲᶪһ, ˱ֻ, ⻹˼صؿճ, ҲǸˡ
Ŷûκ˷س̣׼Ե, ʡ, ڻͷ˽ճǺܸм
Ͳһ, ûϪǰ, Ҷһ, Ҳо
ƫƫϪЩϪԱʵۣ֮ǰĵΪĵʾǸ⣬ԽԽܡ
Ϫ˾ڳЦĴӾһǶϣһֱյ
Ŷ˳ٳٲ˴ߴٵʲô𣿿ЩʰãɫøϽˡ
Ӧһ磬ʲôأǸϽϳɣ֪㲻üݳݳ½ұǣڰϢ
֪ǺģǸȻǱȲų游״ӣǴ˿̵ʲôòζ
鶼ӵӣŵĻΧ˵ĿǴۣҧһһ΢Цŵļ˵Ӳ㣬Ҳûǵزˣ㺰ңعЩ
⻰˵꣬ЦӦˣΧҲѸȥˣ̧
ǿʼн
ھϵʱ̫ã֮ǰ֪囿Ϫ£Բûдߴ٣·㿴óгЩϡ
س̵»ŵģ·ȻҲģϪ⵽Ƿ̵·ߺʱһڸϳ̣̣ⷬȥ·ǷʱĲһ
̵ͷʱߵǴ󲿷˻ѡĹ߳·ߣΪƽ̹ȫĴ·
λȥ·ߣѡ·̣·ߣҲҲޣ֮ǰ·ϲ١
̵ĽͣϪӦһصڣڰűʺɺһ֣·ƽıҲǿȶ
С㣬дС֡
ɺϪڣüյǰȻǰֽϾԼ֡
ϪҫζֽٵǰϪ쿴дô
ϪЦЦû˵ӹֽͱʣڰдֽϼʣɺһԿ̲סСϰ֣дľС֡
֪ϪӦῴĹΣȻ֪Щ
֧ԴϪд֣ϲϪ֣ҲϲдϲĻϪˡ
ĿϪһ·Ϫִʵıʼ⣬۾ʱһͷӯһ顣
ϪִʰԼֱд˰֣±ʣЦдҵģҾֻдˡ
ɺգۣȻ˵һߣȥͷһӣ߱㴫̵ĵͺȣسȥ
˵ʱʱ죬ֻһѾţѹʽɺҲӦѸӣصϪͰߣ빪ӽ䱸עܵĶ
ɺʲôˣȻϪûпȴ
С㣬еϮͷСǻǴڳĺáɺҲǵһô̡
ȻСܶ⣬ֻһ˲ʱ̣ǽš
ʱҵһ£ٶһ½Ϊ˶ܿƵĵľ֮ϡ
ϪȥְҲպÿʱͷһţɺʵС㣬С㣬û°ɣ
ͣϪҡͷû¡
͵ľ֮ϣҡͷʾԼҲû£ȥджֵֽۺ÷ԼС
Ϫֽһľ֮ϻƽȣԴͷСĵһǣ鿴ͷ
ǵʱ޵ҰֻϤףпϮˡ
̣㻹ʲô
޷״ҲóȻȥϪ̵ְ̣ǱǶǼˣӦ̫Զ
Ȼ⴫̵ӦС㣬ͻϮʣڳڡ
ϪҲ֪ʱ̲ǣ֪̻о˲١
ˣϪû취ɣʱһֻ˹εǣס֣ƶ˵Ϫ£һᱣġ
ĻİãϪ񶼵õ˰Ҫ˵Լû£ȴͻȻſڣһĸʱϪĶ
Ϫһ㶣˵ʱҪ裬˵ӰǵĽ䱸ȴ⴫һڣϽߣ
䣬ƥ˻ԱʱٶǰţϪһʱȥȰ谲
ԼһյĹ̵ߴС㣬ӦѾ˦͵Ϯˣǿʱˡ
Ϫһ֪ʱѾͣ˸質Ϫ˵˵ˣ¡
ߵЦɣһҲΣ֮һ㣬ϪɵЦһεҡҡͷ
ɺɢĶʰãźʵŰС㳪ʲôͻȻͲˡ
ߺߣɡĺߺߵ
ϪգͻȻиͷһ漴ҡҡͷԼˡ
ֿӱ޵ʻһʱ䣬ΪƥݵϢ·̣ͣ´١
ͣº˴Ϫһ˷׷ײ͸ɺŰҪܺϪȥѯʷŵ
ղŵǺϪߣҲպǰʵ
˷ϮԤ֮У·Ҳ뾡ܵĹ
󴨴ȥ𣬴ǻȥǱ㲻֣س̵·ȴ޷ǰ·ΨһĶֻᡣ˵ӹֵݹˮһڡ
֪˭Ϫ׷ʵ
Ҫֵ˿̫ˣҷ˲δ¶棬õҲٳƲ⡣°ҡͷ
ŶԷֻһζԶż䲻ˣǹƼΪܼ;ͻȻƼûǺֻǶԷĻк֡Բ
⹥Щֽ֡ӹ
ȷʵİţӦǰƻõģ֮ӦǵһƻҲ֪ΪαͻȻȥ˵ǳˣ˵ʲô֮¡ֵ˼ʾͬ
ϪĬԻس̵·ɱһûе֣ǻһΣǵط
Ϫ˼ƿĿ⣬ͻȻڵˮڣҶֲˣҲĪҪϣ㳵СѵȤ־أ˸裬Ƕʵ⡣
ҲǵͷǰСĸȷʵܳɫ
ҲĵĿڵΪɫ
ϪӭĿ⣬оЩ飬ЦԼӦⷽȷʵڳ˵츳ҲʱΪĸ㵹˺ٸ質
˸˾źǿϧǵر˵ϣ´λлɡҲû϶ɵĸˡ


105 
ɺ, ŵһܺŵζڵϪİվɺ˵
ɺ, ػС㣬ǻ㣬ڻῪĻкü֣ҲǺܶЩҲ˵һ֡
𣿡һζܺ档
Ӧǹ㡣ʱһͻȻ˽
ɺĵڰǰֵܶˣɫԻȴûÿӡ
״źۼһ£һǰʲô, ֳ
üһߵʱͦͦ, ¶һƵЦ, ڵҷλ⻨, ҲµĲĻ, Ӧǹ㣬ʱĹġ
ɺѯɺ, ɺɫԥĻصӦǰ, ǸС㣬ûȷ

ԭǰС, ֪СʱĽӻ
һ, Ķһ, ΢̧°˵ 佣佰Ϫһա
ԴϪ߰½ʲô˵Ϫһ佺󣬰һֱǵãǰϪӰ룬Ϫڵʱ򣬰罻ȦֺСԶûл˵仰
𣬿ʶˣڰͻȻЩ˼ԼͺںҫԼϪĹϵһ㡣
ӿŮҵ̬вɵһЦݸʢĿ޵Ǹ֡
ǰɣϪҲô˵˵Ŀ϶Խˡ
ᵽϪž̲סϪأôûˡ
ϪȥĺʲôϵʲôЦ⣬Ķ
㣬Ҳʣôˣ㲻ʵûڰйһ˿ɫͺͷһ㣬ƫƫֺϪϵܣϪĹϵٳûнչ˳ɵĹͶڰͷϡ
ţô˵ģСǸȰȿ˿ڣǳ
С㣬⣬ҵܵС£㲻ˣҴǸ
磡ŲĺԴһ£ʾ
ԼûʲôŲӲϵͷڳЩεʱϪôˣ
Ϫǰסĸ첲״ɫЩӣɰͰ͵ĿڵŸոն԰С㲻òǸ
ϪûСһ⻰ʱˣҲˣɲϪ⡣
Ϫ´˰һۣ΢΢ҡҡͷֿŵģͼ˲Ըʱô¡
Ӧò£ǰЩˣҴ˵ǸϪİ֣˵
ֻоۿһɬж쳣ȻϪǲһӲä˵ĻֵʲôòϪ
ϪЦŵͷŲʲôˣǰֻЩ߰ѣʱı˺ܶ࣬ص󴨴̧ͷͷģϣܹĿģһܺùһˡ
ԴϪֺһֱһԵܲʹ죬ͶϪԹ˿̵Ű汻Ϫѻ˻ȥԾϹҲסͻȻһɿڵ½չĲ
ĻһЩ˼ȥϪķӦ
Ϫȴüͷһ壬ʶĿ򰲵ķӦȻɤͳ˵Ҳ֪˵Ǻ£Ųδʧ֮ûɳ
Щ˵㻹Ǹˣӿڳĵѵ㲻ǣҲǣһſھܱԼܵܵˣʲôƷ벻Ҷ˵ˡ
㣡ϪĻɫѿŭĿ䣬һʱ˵
Ÿæǰסϡ磬ϪǻϻⲻĻ
ϪۿŲ£ݵûӣ֪˭˭Ӯأ
ĶΧ˵⣬Ϫ˷ʱ䣬̡
ѹеĲ죬ӲǼôһ
ɺӹϪĻ磬ӦС㣬ŰС⻨ǺλϹˣ˵ǹ𻨡
Ϫ˵˵ĶԲԣҲûȤǳܣŻػ˵ģϪ˵ġ
ϪţζӦþ˵ĹˣҪӦϰ۾ʱĿڵ̻Щʱ䣬һȥǺλ
ððˣȥԶʱǰһϪҪߡ
Ȼһȥǿŭδֻա
ǳ鴤£ϪģǿϣǸ˶ŵĳǹ㣬̬˵ʲôȥ֪޴
ȻֻǶݵ뿪飬ϪǺк̸һ뿪ϾǷǳʱڣľֹЩðգûֹ
ȻᵽĹ㣬ϪùڵĵطӦ̫ԶԺһºǾȥ
Ȼû߶ñһƬ֣֦ʢʱ򣬰˷ܵǰС˼С
ϪЦſ˷ܵģȻ֪⻨ǹ㣬ʱǹʢʱڣͨǹȻ㲻
ɰһԺвûй𻨵ʶǺͰ˵ǹʵ԰˵ͺûлشһϪԹʵ﾿Ǻģ
㿴ǹ𻨣£һֻῪһΣ¾ʱڡϪߣקһԵ֦Ű˵
һȻԭǹ𻨣⻨㡣
Ϫɿ֣֦صԭ𻨲㣬ҿɹ𻨸⡢𻨾ƣζû߹ԡ
ģ⻨ܳԣһ⻰Ҫȥҧǹ𻨣Ϫһק˻
ôôԼ𻨲ܳҲóԣժȥźóԡϪû˵
ͷ˵ǹ𻨵ϧ
ϪĴ˿ط˼𻨿⻨лЩϧֺɺ˵ɺȥӣŹժ𻨣Ǵȥ
ɺȥˣϪԶ̣ĹҲ֪ЩʲôҪæȴק˵ϪҲ鷳ģֻǵš
֪㲻ǹģûֻǳδйôĵ⣬㵽ڵʲô۸㣿ʲôϪŰû뵽磬ʵ
ǰϪԷеΪԼĵģ˱죬ȻϪ˫ۣڵϪûз֣ſҿĺ𣿡
û뵽Ĵ𰸣ϪЩ㵣Ƭ̺ɻʲô˼
ѽϪ㱿ˣϪɴˣǼһϲ㡣ɫ΢΢Щ죬Ҳ֪Ļżġ
˵ʲôǼһôϲңˣ֪жңڴҲƽİɡϪʶķϵǸᡣ
ϪչĹĵģȻΪԼĻǶԵģϪ򴽣ȻϿɵ־һʱ֮Ͱ˵˴ˣ˶ΣʵģڵʲôҲϲ
Ҳ֪죬ͷȥ
Ϫ״Ц⣬ҡ
ԿϪԷ飬Щ̵ŭˣ޴ľס°ڡ
Ϫ̾˿ǣ𰲵ָ֣ĦţĻҸ㣬һϣܽ
ʲôϪɫתҲ侲
ϪһЩֱŰ˫ĿչһЦǾǣӽۺʱҶվߣǣ֣ҵġ
Ҫţϲ㣬˵˵ѡ


106 ҹ
ϪŰ΢΢, ͷ繺ϸƶڰʶ, ϪһȫĵϲӲҪѡһһÿüġ
Ϫ˵ʶһ죬Ϫӭųվں̲ϵģĶʼ
˫ɫͫʣӳůɫչкŲԵĺ棬δľɫȻĶ
֮, ϪĿʱͷһƵ⣬ǰָ֪о֪Ǹом¶
һ˿, Ĵ, ܵϣԺϪ׽һЩ, ĴŲ, ҧûжֻʪԹš
ǰ֮׽ȴƫƫЩò˵о, ϪἫˡ
Ϫ΢üͷϸϸ˰, ˰˼Щӵ, ɿɨܡ
̴˿վڶ˲Զ, Զ˷ܵĽл, ɺѾ˺˹
ЩʧĴۿĹ𻨣Ϫ仯ж˶ԷѾ֪˼ȴֻΪȴĶˡ
ʵϪУڰϴôãֿô飬еϰԣԼ˼ȴ̲סеί
ڰ´ʱһĨͻȻ䣬һ룬ɰ֪ʲôЩ𾪵̧ͷⲻǲΪʲôϪ
ȴϪߺĶ䣬ͲͷԵĻ⻨ܣһ·մ˲٣ͷ϶Щ
˵ȴѾߵĻȣѽôһС·϶ǣҲãܶЩȥҵһڹ𻨾ƣλȥЩ
СӻϽʰϱҪˣʱɲˡϪһĻӵŴߴϽ
Ӧһɺ˱㵽һռȥˡ
̿Ĺ𻨣ʰϵĶ֦ʯִ̧֮𻨷׷£ϲĻл
ÿקקϪ½ǣϪ
Ϫ֪ʲôժֱߵһС֦𻨣밲ģͲŵ˵һ䣺ֻһΣ²Ϊ
ĵĹ𻨣ɫĻǿõʱڷĻ£ڴߣζӦ²Ϊ
ϪգգۣͻȻףŵĻ

ԶϪһڵĵطɫӣüָ׿ٶģһҲСռ𻨵ŵ֮ǰ˵ⰲСϪǺιϵ
˶еĴӣûſڵǹѣӰ룬ǰϪ˵һ죬ļ˺ж԰ǺݣŮӼĹϵҲǺףңһ˵
ûм׷ʣֻ΢΢˫ۣ˼뵽ŮӼѲɶ㣿ǣ
̫ԣǱߵİ㿴ߣĪЩʶƿߡ

Ϊ̫ܵã˴Ҵʰ˹𻨱ص˶У˹кٴ̡
һһ·ڣſһڳܺùҰ⣬ǰžɱһ£ڵĵƻ˶ͷһɡ
ŵĿջһˣŴ˴ͨ
Ϫ״ףһɽҰҲͰˣг͢ԱϽĵؽ⣬Ǵ˴ĹŶʱӲ˵ĸϵ
ԼʹΪ˱ӣĹԱҲ޷Χṩһֵ˵жôôҲʤޡ
һ·˶ƣµޣҹҲʱţϪҲûٺͰַ˯Ƕɺһ˯һ䷿ڡ
ΥĺϪͬĿۿɼҲ֪ϾɺҲһȻɺһ˶˯ϣһռ䣬֪Ϫǲ̫Խ硣
ֵĺϪ˯ڴϣ֪˱ϪĻУϪɺǱƽȵĺСĵ˳˰⣬§УϲԾ˼Ц⡣
⣬Ϫһ˯ǳҹһ΢ѣͷڣҲ֪˿Ǻʱ֣ϪĲ鿴
ɺҲ˰ʾɺһԼǰȥǡ
ɺص˵ͷԭûжϪŶջĴûл⣬漴Ӧˡ
վڶ¥һۣȴפ˽Ų۹ۿ
ֺվſ˵ֽԸ°ˣջôʵҲδ˯á
Ȿʲô˵ ֮סϪĽŲΪ˼֮ɫЩӵĿ˵ĶˣƺڵǶ˵ꡣ
С㡣̵
ϪͷҲӦһĿǡÿͻȻģ֮һۣ״˵ô˯ĪǺ˯ϰˣؿշ㾹˯ˣ
С㣬ҹѰĵǺ¡΢Ŀ˵漴ЩȻĲ
Ҳ⶯С㴦˳ţų
ϪЦЦûм⻰⣬¥Ѿ꣬Խ¥ҲطЪϢֻӱˡ
̣˵˵ʲôϪ¥µˣĵʵ
̿¥£ػڸлϰı£Ǹ˵еϲҪ黳
ü˵ʲôϪӦ
û취ϸһῴһЩƲ̽͵
¥µĶ˲û˵̫ãû䣬ЩŵĴ˸Ƿİ֡
ɫЩӲͷ⣬ķڶ棬ǲϪײš
Ϫ¥Ȼ鲻ѵЦݼǲĿԡ
ȻֿˣϪ˵˵ŵ£ȴԽ̵ļͷײֵ񣬶ԷԴ̧̧üңߴ֮ԡ
ϪݸĻҲǷҪʱ˵հеʱ䣬ƹϪͷЦҲЩ˯Ȼǵˡ
һȻûӦϪ⻰˼Ť㿴־վڲԶֻһ䣺⣿
Ҳ֪λáֵ˵һ䣬漴Ŀ⿴ҪطϪ
Ϫһƾ֪˿϶Ҫ죬³Թ˼˵ǰڵҲҪҾͲŶλˣ̻Ͻȥ
⻰Ϫ߿첽Լķ䣬ֺ̡
ֿϪϷţ̧ۿɫε̣ڵ߰ɣ㲻ڷ˯̤ʵ
üͷֻ⻰ôôŤֱԵ⻰ʲô˼
ֱṴһҹٻҶᵣıѶ˯̤ʵ𣿡
ôͣ־úǺЩ̣ϪŵĻŸˡ


107 ;
ڶ, ù󣬱̡
Ϊ뾩, ʶ貹ʰٶȼ죬ǵʱϪע⵽ŴǽǱ߶˲ٻһ·Ҳ˲ٵѲ֡
ɼȥкЩôģҲ淴ӳһ˵Ļس̵ϢѾ;ݸ
·һΪ٣һǻ˯, ûһڶȽ硣
Ϫɢķ˿Ϊ˲ŵϢ̵ߣϳʱѾ˵, ȥչŶҰҹ
ͷûг˯, ҹ˯, ˿˯ʱ˯ЩҲǺõġ
С, ͷ㻹ǻɡɺӵһǣСѵ
, ͷ͸͸, ͻȥҰȴű, ҽǵö࿴ϪڰʾԼɺ״Ӧһӡ
ʱ, ɽľ, ˿̻Եĳ¶ζҲŷԣϪð˯ϰʱǻ㽫˴洵硣
ôţһԶϪЦŴϪ˯Ŀɺã
أʤڸɾ䣬ῡʵݣ⻭浹Եúǳ
Ϫ΢΢ͷţӦпɣǹ㣬ŲǺ̤ʵ
·᫲ƽǲߣԶнٶȲ졣
ЩɿһֻɫźܲҸ˯ãҹŻطҹҲʱ߶Ӳңһʱû취ӦҲҲ볳ңֻǶЩӰ졣
˵ӺȻҲԥ뵽ʲô˵ʲôϪջĿ⣬ţ˼ҲǹģҲδȫȻſ䱸ôŵˡ
ֻǿЩƣްģƣۺβֳһ϶ЪϢһ
ʱദϪҲƽĶţжԷǹҲϼ䣬ⷬس·;ңԶ·Ҳûɶӣ˵˵Ҳǽⷦˡ
ˣǶ˱ռ˻ȥģĺһֱܣҲ䵫мѲ߻ǿģЩֵǴҲãϾҲ࿿ǳְˡ
ŶںϪΪĶԻʱϧʼչЦ⣬һ㿴ƣ̬˵Ļʵ뷨ҲΪĻᡣ
ô˵ϪĬȻƬ̣֮ǰЩƣʱŻоȵģûǰ㸡ڱѧʶxianzhufu ȴǿ
ûжԱȾûиߵͣӳ£ſŶ˳˲٣ϪжŵЩ
żϪûǻֽ˩һӽЩŵĵϪռڲɹ𻨣ʱժɵʱ䲻࣬δɶ٣ҲЩ㡣
ŵһĨ죬ѵ˿ĭͷֱģϪܾ
л
ȻʶһʧʱȴͻȻӦϪл㵵̧ͷһʱ˷Ӧ
ϪɻĿִ˿̾ڴӵ·Ų֣
γѰҵɿ֣ӱȵϪϣʱĵϲͷ
Ϫӷŵܾ࣬ģתһ룬˷ȥһǵҪôһ๤
Ͼ֪֪׵ˣҲаգ˭˲֪ˮĻƣ
ǲڣҪڱǡ
ϼڴʱŰ˵˳١
ŻǾܻһ£ʱ⣬ԸŸᣬŸǰ;λӣҲһССĲˡ
Ϫûܾŵĺ⣬̫Ե顣
ʱϸԴϪ̧ۿҵЦ⣬漴ֿԱеţʱɼ
ſʱаãѵõĺʱǵͷˡ
û뵽ǣֻǵƳһۣûٿֻǺϪ˵˵껰
Щڣֽ˻ȥ
ϪŤӣصڣһЩţЦҺͰ˵ˣԺ֮ǰǰ㣬ҲĪҪǺӵЩ
԰գϪĴӣͷ
΢죬ԵЩţʲôϪΪصغͰк뵽ҪЦ⿴̵ӰӲĽЦסһ뿪Ϫ
ŻصԼԣ̲ס˷ԼϲãСĺҿĴòͷɫʵôˣ
磬˵ĹȻûֻҪϪͨһиƵģҺ˻࣬ȻôĻᡣϲʤ
Сӣʱﲻ㣬»ǿԸģȻϲȥӺɷɶŵĻͷʾ
˵˼䣬ɫǺܺã㲻ٶ໰ǸϢȥ˱𴦣
׺ڶĺͷĿ֮ܿϪ
ĿԼҵܵ뿪ûͷȥ̧ͷ˿ɫֿϪǵĿһʧڴ֮

ɫʱ򣬺ԤһҹȻҪҰ⣬˸ЩĵطϢϻҹòϪǲġ
һ·˵ƣۿɼĹϣϪһֱ֮϶Ȳʣ˵һֱæµˡ
ĺɫڵڵļ죬Ӫصȼһʱ֮侹ֻʣ²ȼշƥ̤ݵص
ϪŰɺ̵ȼԣ˳ʳ׼ͻȡ
Ĵ飬ֲ֪ʱӰϪ˸۽Ứһ춼عֻۣƣĺܡ
ʰôԵʲôδͷһֻ֣һַϪĸ첲һִֻϪϣСʵϪΣҪҪҸ󣿡
˵Żϵֱǡô°ѹţ֮жʱϪһץס֣ĪҪ֡
˵СʱˣЩЪϢɫһϻҹҰ˯֮·Ӧٳյ¡
ʱҲȺãƨƨߵϪԣϪŰԣӹӵݹĸһС
Ϊʲô֮󲻻ˣŶʵ
Ϫߵϼֵܣ˵Ϊղ뾩֮и̸ڣǳ£û취ж˭뾩
ؽҪ򵥵Ķ࣬ɻͱҲԤϣ붯֣úһǴ˷ϵҪ£ʥϺǿУǳǲˣеϵ˵
ƶǶĵͷųϪ˸кϪһͷǻӦˡ
Ŀϣһ񣬼ûзе˼ɫɣŶϪЩӲĴкҴѰ˴ط£λøպúϪ档
һ˸ոϪĿĴѰʲôЦ˱ȥңⲻһ
ҪӻһֻͻȻǰֵоһľͷһֻӣӿŸողŶϵѪδᣬӵëմȾѪ
ִ磬ǴҰζȥˣôңҲȥӼ״ȥӡ
ҲǶȥֿһߵ̣Ҵģġ


108 
ֵĻ˶, ˵һ顣
Ҳδ˵ʲôеתһȥӱӡ
ϪδֻĿ⽫, ˿̵ƺокרеľ𣬺ûյЩ
һʱΪܲΧžֻӣЩˣͷġ
ľַԺ濾, ˳С˵ЦʲôǸӣʱͦܺŪˡ
Ļɫ˼, Ц⸽ŴȤ˼, Ҳų, һûһӦš
Ϫ˵Ļû˼, Ҳ룬ӵôһ£ʱദĲ, , ֱĸЩ
뵽˴ϪŤ԰ɺ˵յͷ, ĽҰȻȿջ, Ҳֻһ, ɫ磬ȥӱ߼ϴһ¡
ɺϪĻȻûа漴ɺתȥͱõĶ
˵Ķһݲһֱ˼ϪϵУʱǻϪҪʲô
ϪػɺİŶʱ˹ĿڵҪȥӱߣҺһ
Ϫü΢ŵĻŵû⣬ҪܾЩ鷳˼Ķ࣬ǻֵܶǡϴλһȥϹˣ·˶׳ӱǱֿ
ĻԼոյĻЩˣɫһҲԶԶԣӱ߾ͷֻֿҲںӱߣ̤ʵˡ
˵ϣϪҲ˵ʲôкߣֵϡ
Ϫǰ棬ź׺ں棬ĿڽŲɵİϣ۵һĨЦ⣬漴ǰ֦ᴥԴȥȴһֱֻһŲ֦⡣
ڰϪ˵ĿڶݵĽϪתͷգһҧأ޷޵ջ֣ȻϪδʲôƺڷʲôӣһ˳
ʲô㲻֮£ΪҪƽ
֮ʣӱߣ緽ʱ˵һ㣬˴˿Ѿʰ׵˿Ҷ䴮𣬶־ӹԹվԭص̵ģϪźЦôЦ˵ǰɵĺܡ
˼ǣҲԾĴкغԶ
ɺŰȥϴϪֵָ࣬˴ӣȻȤֻʲôĪһʽζ
òóԣСԱ֪бϪһۣǻ
Ϫ֪Ͽֲʲôôһתƻصϣӵô£ҿɲǹ޶˶˳ֵģѲβ棿
ѱ׵Ϫ޷ֻƾ۴⡣
ǣȷҼģҵʱڸв쿴ѰӣϵƲΪӦ޲ʱµġֿ߻̣ش
ֵĻϪȻŵģΪʱ˴룬ɿ˲١
⵽ļȣ˱ˣҲֻ֪е޾ôģϪĻ䣬ԶͻȻһͺ
˶ʱȥԴǷֵȥķ̿ϪѯѾе̣ıȥˡ
Ϫһ˼Ӧȥһʲô£Ҳô֡
ѱİɺǱȥӪЩ룬óȻֿϲߣһж׵ġ
ԭҲԶûһһѪζ˱ǻϪһݣͣ˽Ų
סˣѾһǰȥ
ϢһֻǰͷһϪоץԼֽ˽ʶĻͷȰοغ£ȴͷֵ
ˡ
ֵĻ˲ųһǱȥԽڵߵľӳһĻʵЩ⡣
ĵľЩδţҲǵڵϴ˿̶ɸֽűӴ
⣬һͷ׻
ϪȷӦֿ϶ͷ׻һֻȣ϶ദǼˣ⵽˵ΧˣǶײˡ
ϪסǰǱĵ̸ּ״ڵҵ㻹¡
ֶô˵ˣҲûϪǰϸϸ׻Ȼ˵ǿ֮ĩҲѹŶܳŵֹԮ
˵׻ȣĿĲ״ϪҲǲЩ꣬ʱӣСϪϻ
Ļû˵꣬ǱѾϼֵ˹վԶЩƺǾ÷ԼЩʱ򲻺Ϫߴա
ȴԵĿȻµվ˰ԣС㣬ϻˡ
УģΣϪӲڰĵֱʣϪֺõģѰ˼ҵŮӣͷС
ǿϻֹѰϻԴ˼˵㺱ͨ崿׵İ׻ʵǿ󣬰ϪҪְÿڡ
ȷʵ׻ƲᣬƤë𲻴ҪǰʲôǼõġ
Ļ䣬༸˵Ľɫ죬Ϫüͷ̲סǺĳ˷Ųŵվŵûˣôо˵ЩűߵĻ
㣡ߣúһŮ磬ҷǲһʱûվȣһһ˦֣ɫĻص
ǣǲǿȻȥˣ׻һ˱ʰ˰ɣϪܵһ仰˵ȥҼæ
ȴͷ⵱Űô˵ҲʧӲǣȥƱҪȥǰ׻ʬ塣
һҲ˲ϪҪȥĶһּǰ׻ʬʱһ𣬽һӰٿسš
ʯ䣬һ͵һΪʱԭԱߵİºҵĶ˱㵲ǰͷ
Ϫڰʱ򣬾Ϳ鲻ԣֱ㽫˻ˣһߣϪУСȻ˺졣
ҿСĵ˵ĸ첲ϰƤϺȻһһָ˿ڣʱʺѪȿֺðϪʱˡ
ȥȻӪأ
Ϫ§Ű˼ǱߵعҲû뵽ᷢչ˵Ĳ˼ͣסͺС㡣
ˣļΣǼΣգһʱҲ֪Ǻãǡ߱䵽ŵϡ
һ־Ȼһֻ׻̣ͲѰèССҵйߵĶһС׻ϡ
С׻һߵһԣһ֣ʱĴ׷ȥٲϼ¡
Ѿ߳İæקϪͣϪ
ϪһֱתͷС׻ȥһ¿ڵ̴̣ȥҪġ
̵һѾסٶŵקһʹ˾ͱק˺󷽡
شС׻С׻Ȼûţ̿һۣתϪ


109 ¶
ϪŰصӪ, ͻڻ˵Żڿ̻ʲô, һüͷ˼š
ĴƮɢĿ˻ϪͰԣմɫؾѪӡȾԵøĿ
ʲôˣ˵ļİһź
һɤʮ㣬ʱӪصĿⶼ˹ǰ̻еС׻, üȻ֮ϣ˻Щҽȥ
Ϫл§Ű֮ϣɺ, ΪҪ, С׻վͷ
ϪŰ, СĽҿ˵ĸ첲, һӱһһԵɺ
˿̵ɺŸɾӣɴ˫, ָܿ˹ɫ糣ȥȡˮ
Ϫɺ, ɺĴԭأϪĿ, һĸܵϪĵ, ʶʹĺ󱳲סð亹
еķΧһʱ֮·һ, Ϫⲻסţ˲²͸˿ʲô
ֱϪĸ첲ϣ˵ϪҲϲӣһ㶼ɰ
꣬һ͵͵̾Ϣ𣬰ɺʹ˸ɫһĨЦݣɺظ½Ӳļͷͷеľ
ɺ˿ĸоס룬ȻСƽ￴ŲµģСϿɱ˶ͨ͸Ķࡣ
ڣϪͷϸĲŰֱ۵˿ڣϪüͷһĨЦ·ʲô¶һĿڵ
Ҿɺ£Ǹúӡ
Ϫ
ҵ˿ڲ۵ģǿŲ̫ÿ
Ϫ
ϪģգգۿֵͷԼݳڶԷڣȻһЦݣϪϲ䶯š
ϪҪˣȻҲܺÿһϲƽϪ
ϪܲסҶԷˣôʱöԷοԼָĻ˿ڸ
Ȼ˿̿û쳣ǷһҿѪ˿ڴ˿˿Ƶӫ˿
ϪĵһӦǣпܻᱩ¶ݣɺȻɺȻҲ
ǰĻˡ
ɺӣϪ֪ԷıǾ֮£ԲȫȻġ
̹˵ʱԺõͷڰʱǣ뵽˴ڰļͷԴԹ˵㵱ʱΪʲôҪȥ
õḧϪԴ͵ʱСĸ׵£ұ˵ģһֱϣĸ׸ո뿪Ҳˡ
˵ΪС׻ŹȥĶΪ˱ϪͷЩ漴뵽Ҳڴйһô꣬ЩװС׻ˡ
Ϫҿɲ԰С£̽ʵϪôЩĶԷӦ
ǰôͻȻ뷨Ϫֱӣ˵С׻Ԥ뵽ˣû뵽ߡ
ЩεЦЦ˵һ˭ʱǼһȹġ
ϪʧЦû±°ɣֻǷأС׻Ҳ֪ܾܲȻ
ȴֻЦЦƶ˵ûϵһġ
ϪŰŵЦݣܾﲻԾٶһ䣬ͷɺ
С㣬ϴСˡ
Ϫʵ𣿡
Ļҽͳ˲ͬĵطȻ֮ǰӫȻ뻹бıʡ
û£ɡԵ࣬İڰ֡
ϪһۣҪҶҿһǣͷվԻһ޳ӡ
һ˼Ϫڵץֱۣҷżһ£⣬վͷƣΣ
֪ϪǴЩӵ˼Ҳû˵ʲôͷ˽һ䣬ÿӡ
ǰһҾȻ󿪿ڵС㣬Сжͨҽ
ˡϪ⣬ȻͷͰ˼䡣
ϪŲӣðǰͷɻûѾѹϣ˵ֱ
ഩ쵽˶ǰ
ȣϪЩεĿͷһۣĶ԰ѡ
˿ȫȻûзŴݲȵģϪļͷ˼Һ£ۣ
ͷ˿Ҳ˴˿ί
ϪΣֻЩĽֱӣӲôڰͶ֮䲻
ץڰ״ɵֱ֮ϣȷʵǴĿģŮ˭˲ϧҲǽסüͷ
ǰϸϸ˿ڣȻʵΣ
û˼ǣҩһʱӦްСɿֱۣȻС
óһƿһײݸϪʵСɻ
Ϫͷӹлл
֮£Сҡͷ
һԵɺл漴ӱٿͷ
Ŷ뿪ߣһ·ʵ𣿴ŶÿȬ
СӵӲӦҪ˶ãһ£һҲˡһ˼
ص
ͷǡɿǰͷһǰʻһ°˵⻰Ҳǰͷ˵˵ɣ˵Щʡĵʱֵǰȥ˷·϶һ²һ¡
ʾȥǱһʱӭ
˰ΣŤ˿Ϫڷ˼°͡
ڣſϪͷŵίȻֻǰϪĶϪҰ
ϪĶЩûĺ˰һۣЩĿ£ϪԶĳ
֮ǰԼ޴ʱҲˣ˿ǻġ
ϪͷʱɺһԿֹԥϰߣ߸һЦݡ
򴽿ڵС㣬ĻЩ
˵⻰ɺ˼֣ǵ÷³ǰϪģǲã´˿̲廰ܵ𷣡
ϵǣϪͣ¶̧ͷɫ糣ʵΣҡ
һɵɺҲ̲סЩиţϪӵ֮ȴӲ
ˡ
ɺȥעĵطָϪϪʵ֮ǰҲԼģ
ǰиηҿȹһΣʱ̹һЩƤë֮СұԼ
λĸС㡣
˵ɺ˶٣ņ̀ͷϪ˵С㣬ҵĶˣСӣҪˣģ۷ʲô£ֻǶλ
ĵϪϴ˴Ϫ֣ɺ׵ģҷҲЩżˣǸ
С㣬˵ﻰããܵ𡣡ɺЩ޴˵
ɺϪҲ֪Լ֮ǰȷʵǹˣɺոڰߣЩ֪պͻ
Ȼ㿴ˣұҲ֪㣬ʺͳ˲һǵĲ죬һЩ
ϵ𣬽Щ鷳ԺлʵʼЩ
ֻǵãʲһ¾ֻ֪Ҷ֪򲻵ѣٲõ֪ˡ
ϪĻɺӦˣʵͨʱ䳯ϦദĹľٶ˼ģʽǳϪˣֻδȥ
һ΢ЩطΧ˶ɺĻС
ɺбŵСЩ¶ͷ˵С׻ѯδã


110 
Ϫüͷ΢ĿС׻, ǸС׻Ϊð, ҲıܣǰҲǲʵ
ǰͦϲС׻ĵ׸ų⡣
ϪָС׻Ťͷʵ㵱Ҫ
ָС׻Ķ䣬˳ëŪţҲûߣĳôһɡ
Ϫקָ, óϸϸͷС׻մȾѪҺ򴽿֪ںжһ˾£ߣֻҪϪһ, 㲻ᶪ, ԺҾ, , С
˵棬Ϫᣬûн֮ڿ, ǰĴյǰ, ڴ׷ʵʲô
ϪûӻĻӦʱ̸֪밲, ˵밲, Ӱ֮Ĳ˿, Ҫõġ
ǿϪĵ׵뷨лһĨʧ䣬ָϪǰһ˿ѵõζ˵
Ϫϲ㣬ҲԵ㣬ǵãҲƢģȾ˱岻õ֡
Ϫһ㶣գգͻȻǰİȥյĴ͸˿˿Ȼʡ
һ˿⣬ʶĸŰĲصҼˡ
ɺһ۹۱ǱǹģŬԼĴڸнͣҪҪ뿪һͻȻյϪݹźš
ԼڣһĻСоϹҲסˣɺԽתֱװʲô֪ӣתƻС㣬ǶŴ򿴹С׻˵̫أǻ
һ⻰Ϫ˳ƽӹ磬ָģȻǵȵȥ鷳ŴһˣûʲôܱСһʵ޷
˵ĿⶼǵĿ򰲣ΪϢģȴδ밲һһԵĵУȻ˵ûµģǲ̫ġ
ôɰοǣϪɺۣ̾˿˵ȥҶŴ򿴿˳Сһʰʰ
ɺӦȥ죬ɺ뿪ϪҲϴһ¡
ԭҪȥģǱֻȥİ׻ߣϪȥҲ̫İȫ⡣
Ϫصӱߣȥǰ׻㾶ֱȥ֡
δߵͿڲԶһϣϪĽŲ̧˶һۣû˵˿̶ڰ׻ʬԵ
˿̵ֱ͸ˣһ·ܾ۲˵һŲȫޣԼĹˣ˿̵Ǻ޲ýǰװ׻ƤѪʳźһͷ֮
ôҲȷʵôҪ⺱İ׻Ƥ͸˵ⶪһ֡
ʹҪ׻ƤҲֵƣؾ֮Լã˵ܳΪٳש
ϪӲ߿ײ΢΢̵ǣüͷ˵ʵܲϲǶԷ־룬ҸԾˮˮҲҲʹ졣
ôʶȤƫƫ԰˼ȻŲᱻ߰ɺǲ
ǸӣʶȣûЩżڰǰվͲһҲͲˡ
һ뵽ֱۣҲ֪᲻°̺ۣϪֻо󷢽򴽽˼װżݺݵߵһԵʯ
ʯǰ˸ǡѹһ֦ϣǶ֦һͷǡĽű һ֦ͷõƨϡ
̵Ȼ֪ı仯ֻоƨͻȻһʹ޷£ײǰȥʱˤ˸ʺʱһζлŨصζ
ŵӵڵأʹſˮ
ô£æҵĲ죬ͷȥһĿʱһм䡣
ûע⡣ޱ³һ䣬Ͽ˿Ǹ⡣
һվպðϪ˹ һŭݣȴΪЩոǿֻ֣һѹסŭ
ϪʱֳΣһϪֽŲõĴӵ±ϪԼĳ̬
ƫƫôĲɣ֦һ¸ϣʱϿڴļĿϣĶ϶»һĿӡ
ȵĿӣʱ鱡ĲƬڶǹݵĴȱ¶ӦĿûס
Ϫæ̧ǰԴǵĺȵҪգʹ˼ɽҰ䣬Ҳо
㻹ڼǸˣģʲô
˫ĿԲ϶ʱѪӿ˿뿴˱ϪϪǰģԺǰ̧ͷ
ĪҪ˵˵Ų˺죡ɤŭȵæץϵĿӡ
Һ˵оڴ˵أνͣ˴ֻֻ֮ȥİ׻ȴ¿ӡ
ʲô˼Ҳֻóѣǡǣ˵ϪȻθ˼֡
Ϊˣ㵽ж̬һֻȥĴ԰׻ͷ
ֱ˷ָ˵ҶõֻǿЩߣ
Ϫ˿ȻﲻסЦˣ뵽ԼССһţһı仯ٴȥԼס뺰ְŴڻϽ뿪
˿̵ֻоĿѣһŭǵͨ죬ĿϷžô鳰ЦϪ뿪ʧȥǵǰϪ
ԭҲѵõĸֳЦ⣬˿̼״ݣϪǰֹ֡
Ϫֵδһ£ɽ·Ͳƽ̹ĽŲСĲ˸գɵľһַһԵɣĿСС˿
˿ﻹǵҪ˼֣һ˼ֻϪ죬ĪҪȥ˵
ֿǰһ˿⣬Էȶ֣ɲǻ᲻ᱻ˵ǿ
ǻûֳ֣Ѿһ֣һȭͷĲʵʵڵĴϡ
ֵסһȭڵأɼ֮֮
˶Ǳͻıʸסˣˢˢˡ
磬ʲô𣿣ôԶϪ֪ң
ŲŵĿŵϵԭȥϪѯһ°˳ʾһԼǸ⣬ȴ֪Ϫϣֻ
ʱɼֱ̫ʱһ㿴ϪһֵĻؿڶֵ󣬶ΣյĿ
ٿ˿°һ׼ϪܿһԼĽԼĴ羹ԼİŮͼʱѾһ˷Ӧ
ڵأЩɵ۵ĿŴ˿̶ԼŭĿӵţɫϣ԰׵촽ţһ仰û˵ͷһôȥ
ϪҲû뵽ᷢչز֣Ȼһ˵ţˣ緽űϵĶ֦˿ӣҾźЦȤ䣬ˡ
ȻҲ֪ʲôô򵥣ʣµ£ֵԼ ʲô⣬λŴǣҺֻȻȥˡ
ϪɲԼ岻ģ˵壬ʾָϽߡ
ɵˣȥ鿴֡
Ϫ߳һξûסЦֻжʱ˲١


111 
׻ʬϪĽ, ִ˽ɭ֮У׻Ҳǿ, 
ϪûôΨͼ԰׻ļֵȤҲľʬҰ
ƽ׶ģΪ˱׻ģϪ˶ͣҲǰˡ
ϼֵǣϪҲ˷ǮȥǮȻǸŵģϷˣ, û˿Σű޹ء
ΪŴԼһȭһֱźüԵģɵ, ϪԾЩ, һǮƹȥ, ҲıǸˡ
һʼǾܾ, ͶϪĻΣϰ˻һԭڣҲΪ˷ղѡ
»ҪϪĺ, Ǿ޵ݡ
ϪСʵЩи, ǰڴҲͬհ, Ź, ʱЩĸ߰
ⷬǣ֮, һΪôһС΢ˣʱʱ͸ԱУʹСΣϪ
Ǯȫҽģ˷һģϼҶ֪ʵ飬ǺѽܣЩǮ˵ھҲοһˡ
ϪĻ˵̣⻰ȷΪʵ飬ЩʳѰΪȥ˫׽ͳĲС
ǣգˣһᾡ컹ģǷ̫õġ˵⻰ʱϪûУֱԷ̹Ȼת뿪վԭؾþÿϪıӰ
ӣһץʱ·ǣԻС׻ɺһչ£𽥻ָ˽
Ŷ̶ʮ첻ĹѾϪǰҡβʹС׻ε̾˿
ԴӳƬɭ֮󣬵¿ҩǿſС׻;ʱϪ˸
ʱϪ⣬û֪С׻ѾָЩ񣬴ִֿۣ˵ⲻֻҪЩʱձɻָ
뵽˴ϪС׻Լİ˴
ԼС׻̬ȲôƣƫƫСȴǰճԼ
ɺ˸ɫɺеĶذһԵһɣС׻˹ȥ
ʱϪ˽Ű֣ʵС׻Ҷ˵ˣȴӲģΪʲô
Ϫ˵Ϣòӷһ󿩿ЦƣԼź̧ͷʵϪ֪ϪĻԸ㡣
Ϫ΢΢üͷԺһ룬ԥԴڰļϣ̾Ҫ˵Ļǲԭ˵ģҪĻҲ֪ˡ
Ϫͷ̵ģ̧ۿһɺڵķ򣬼ɺרڶŪС׻ɿϪһڡ
Ϫһգûʲô
ûʲôǾúϲϪϪĺܣ֮һ㶼ۣЦĸ⿪ġ
㰡ϪҪ˵ǱߵС׻ͻȻԳʳʧȥȤ˫һӲǼм䡣
ֱܻӣץС׻ĺ󲱾ĥҪǰⶫ˰ɡ
ϪݸС׻ЦǾСһﻹͦԣߵĺãʱʱŵ֡
С׻Ϫĸ·ĺǲ§Ϫһߵĸ첲С׻۽
Ϫ⻭ֿɰģలķԺС׻öע⣬Ҫʱʱ۲С
ͣǽЪŵĵطˡ
Ű׻³ԴڱУϪһ˽˽޵ĿջִںͿջϰ̸ʺ͵ȴķ䡣
СһָôˣһϪԡ
ϪĿԽԶɺЦô˼дѧʶˣ
̾˿ǴЦӦҵĸ飬Ҳñ˴侲侲ǣˣοҺλϹӡ
ϪС׻ݸǾòϲɲˣ˺ӣòӦȻûȤ
ԴӰ׻һ֮ıϪˣӶתĿ꣬ÿո
ҲûбֳκεĲңһûһĸЩз꣬ҵĸڿˣ޲ҹﶼ˯
ŪС׻Ӧ·;и߷Ҳܽⷦ
ǸʮʮĲݰܸĸӣҲΪҴ
֮ţĶӶ࣬ЩϾʱкη
ĻϪ־˼֣ҲѹֻأϪļУʱ޿̲Ϊǡ
ʱЩŵϪ֪еĵһ׼򣬽ǴӹͻȻҪȡֻҪΪ˴塣
öԷ֣Լͻԥ˶ϡ
Ų𣿡ϪʵʵһǰˣԶʵϲ٣ɼƽķѾ޴
ûйңǴ費ǿ󣬳̵ǻʱҴ˭⣬˵Ϊ裬ʵҲΪԼΪԼţ̸ֺ۲ۡ
Ļ˵ķƵϪȴǴ𺳣ˡ
ЦŽС׻ϪһڣǸĺӣʺ㣬ǾȴһѺ֣һΪҴĪ棬ҿɴӲῴˡ
˵ҲϪӻתƻˣ
Ϫû뵽ԼеôߣСŮӵݣһǻ˳ЦŪĵײ֪ѹŶٵĲʺͷŭ
ֻ˴ӲɹһһеİһһֱǰͷΪָ򣬴
ǰ߸һе߳ǰģǶѳ˺ͼһҪĴڡ
δȫҪҲŰö˻¡Ϫô˿ޱȵů˵ʱЦ⡣
豭ȣ߸ַ£ȷʵǸصѾͷһ·϶ǰﻵˣ⼸ǻвһʣճȥɡ
ϢϪͷӦ֪һܿĵģȥ˵
ʱѾˣϪ֪Լķں󣬱һ£תȥҰǡ
Զһֱע˵³˿̱ĻϪƽ￴ߵĺܣǺ㲻ӣŮ˾Ƿ㣬ɦŪһ̵һ̣ǣ
磬Ҳô˵Ϫ´ô˵ʹҸ磬Ҳô˵ġŭ˫ֽգŬѹеŭ
üǰհһȭû˵ʲôһת뿪


112 
úõһ֮, ϪŰһ˵ߣϪڵ̫Զ, ԺҪμȻˣǰ˽һҲá
ŵĳ󣬽˵Ҳ٣ź֣ҿջϰʹϰ˵иУһƬйᣬԹȥһ档
һ⻰Ϫû, ʮҸ·ƣ·;ӶͻȻúѧﱧϪŵĹͷ
࿴黹ЩôĻ˵Գȥ棬Ȼ˷ȴǰզզ, Ϫźο, Щиš
Ϫ̫ûкú÷, Щ¸߰, ʱЩеʱ磬ٵ̺̯δʰ׵, ⲢӰ졣
Ƶڽֵ֮, еƺѾܾûˣ׻ڼﲻ, 㱻Ϫи
, ȥǱ߿ָǰͷһ̯, Ϫʾ
ȥɣɺһϪȻͬ⣬ɺÿհǰźˣʱ˳Ÿ١
ɺóϪ˼лŻԶˡ
ѵõϾϪʵĲŤ԰˵һ·಻㣬ҲǼªĴʲôҪģ´ȥ
䣬㿴һطѰŰ߿ȥֲԶ·һ˫£ǰ·ߵʯϣ߲ϵѲˣ߶ʲô
Ϫʲô˵кöקϪӣʵ
һߵҲǰһ˵С˵ûȷʵں˶ƷǿӻĶ·
ʵټϵĶ͵ãΪԲŻ͵͵Ѱҡ
Ϫ£Ϊǳէطǲǿѹͷߣһ²һ¡
ͻȻյĻԼʦˣӵĶ޶ƺ̫ã뿴ʲôӦ˴ţҿҲܺӡ
뵽ϪŶ˳ȥ
Ϫ˵Ŀ̫ԣڷǳԼʱ۾תתȥҪ뿪
ֶԷ˼Ϫһ˿ڣģЩҲ֪С
˻һɹĺͣĲ´ϪȻ˼ЦСӣСһ׼С⡣
΢˼֣ľԷҪ̫ԷҲʶȤĵطͣס˽š
ʲôգۣŶԷ֡
УֺõЦ˵ŲС㣬Сûʲô£ⶫСһݣԡ
ʲô˼ϪˣӹȥһСǮȻ˵ģǲˣǶãǮһֲ㡣
˿ĵĽסϪӹǮȻӻóһ򿪺óһ鼮
⵹ЩϪϣû뵽һ飬ණܸȤ
Է˵Ƕ棬²Īʲôż±
ӹ飬漴򿪿ſû۱һ̧ͷϪ˹
Ϫ㿴
ϪõУֽܵŵ¾ɳ̶ȣ֪Լ֮ǰˣʲôðôأ
ĵһҳϪüͷȻַ˼ҳ¶һӵı顣
껹ϪǾеĶЩ°˵С㣬֪˰ɣ⻰ӿɲͨĻӣǴӾģ˵طһС
Ϫ򴽣ͻȻһЦݣеʵⶫǴģ
ϪϵЦݻ˻Σ˫ۣȴûв졣
̿ˣͷ򰲽͵Сڰ£ġ
ϪչĹĵ˵֪ǼٵҲġ
ЩȵĿŰģȻɴƲһߵС̯
ų֮˵ıǰģԼ⣬Ҳǿˣǵ
һμˣҲˣǲǺܶ¶᲻һ
ͻȻʲôԺһƺܾҲһƵˡ
ǱϪںͶԷ˵˵ѴӾǴģ
ĪûЩ̫Ծ𼸷ЦݣʵСʲôѾؾˣСǲĻұǡ
˵ҪֹãϪһ֣治ɫ⻰û˼ҲȷʵֻҸոտ˿ⲻȫɣ
Ϫô˵ϵıи˼֣ЦԭС˼ȻǴϻ۹ˣȷʵһֻǵһ ػõѴӾõ
Ϫָ֮ϣ˼ӡ
Ϫ⶯Щ˷ܵ˵СϲһС㡣
꽻Ϫ飬ֽŵӣдּҲʲݣҪ˵ĻǰҪ
ݣȴϪòӣΪд囿С˵һ֡
ǰ˵Ǿģ鷻ڳУ뾩ٽǰˣҲǵ˵ء
ֻ֮ǰй©˳֮дŲֹһ˿飬ȦӲ󣬶ҶЩȨ֮ˣ囿Ҳû뵽˽
ɲС£ĹΪ֪ˣǻҵ鷻޴Ĵ
㺰һӣ֪Ѱ鼮ǮĪҵԩͷһ˵Ϫݾ
С㣬˵ĵĻʵ˵˰ɡ˵ʾϪ֡
Ϫԥһ£ȥӡ
С㣬Һ˵ⶫʵǹģҲżȻ⹬ĶǶ˭õģɼ϶Ǻö
ߣĶСҲҶһݣŻǮͲˣСĿûôӵǵطĶ
⻰ŵмֿŶȣ˵Ӧ
ȻⶫˡϪһӸԷ
ӹӣлϪˣԺ¶øϪ͹ȥ
Ϫ˼佫˴ߣ˲뿪ͷҲ̧˵̣ȥ
˶˵бҪĻ㡣


113 
ûеõӦ, ϪṬ̌ȴԷ㶵Ŀǰ, ƺڳ
̣Ϫֺһ
γѰͷʾԼףӰһ뿪ַ׷˹ȥ
ϪһȻԼȥģƽԷȵԼˣѯʣվ㾶ֱȥ, ̵뵽ʲô
˿飬Ϫ˷ֱ귽ŵĻ٣Ϊ˱, ׷ȥ, õֶͳ滰
Ͼ¿ɴС, ǲҪдĺá
ú÷һ, û뵽ôһ磬Ѳһµ
ĬĬиŵϪһͻȻĶ䡣
ү, 㿴ǱС, ûκģƵġ
~Сӵм, ӿŲѰ˼ҡ
ǻ⣿ү, 㿴СҲ, ֵĻᣬʱ˭֪Ǹɵġ
ϪüͷֽԼУĵӿ˲õԤУȻδԷܿ϶ԷֵĶ󣬲ָԼͰˡ
鷳ˣǰŸձɳȥͳ׵£ŪýҪùڸΣ
ȷ𣿻˵׷̶ȥֻھ¥ܣֻҪ˾¥Щǵ˶Ȼ
ϪںʾӦ̫ԶĻӣܵʱͻȻһᣬһߵعʱѾһĻС
Ϫ𾪵Ŀǰİ
ȴ˫Ϫ˫ᣬϪ˵Ϫ£ұ㣬ץˡ
Ϫػ߷ʶ§ס˰ĲǺ󷽣ܻĶŽţһͳ׷
ôˣĶɱ̫ˣԼˣǰȻı
ڰжļƻɱȲʱֹжЧ˳ƶΪԷҲû׷ǵӣȻˮ׼Ҳˣ˦ѶӦò
뵽Ϫ˫۷ɿĹ۲ܵĽǵǼУ¥ϰҲ˵⸽Ҳйᡣ
ҵģСܣȻҵָӡϪڰĶ˵
Ӧʽ˼ֵȻоŤת˷򣬰·ߵС
ڵʱϪ˿ǽŵߣЩĵʵ۲ۣŵס𣿡
ϪĻöۡĻشϪµĻ
ÿϪ֪˿϶ȻЦģεߣ˰ѱ紵ҵͷŸͻȻҲȥ˴롣
Ϫָ£һ·ŴС֮У֪ƻصĵط

׷ϵûзѾʧϪС
˫۷ɿţǲǳʱĸرܣֲںУɻ̫ˣָһܻصŵľ¥
ǰСͻȻ߳ˣжŴķװߣϪһͰ˵˼䣬㽫˳Ǽ˵߱ƷڵĿ϶һǰ˳ӡ
ϪץŰйڵأԹôʲô¶ϣѲԺû˱ˣǰôûôù
ҲϪߣЩǵʵϪ㺦£
ϪŰڶʱڻǲҪȥĺãЩӦҲ²ôܽ
һᣬڰϣϪû˵ʲôµģⲻǻ
һһֱϪߡ˲ϪķľøˣϪ޹˼ɵĴܣûжʱİãûΣյĻ˵ԶΡ
ϪͷһůܷӦǸӻ䣬ӺСͷ˸ֵ߷ΣǻС
ϪŸʲôʱȥͷͻȻ˶϶˵
...ܣȥˣ
֪׷⸽...ˣͣӰˡ
٣үʹˣû
ŲϪŲʵĴֳֽ̧ͷĲƥסǵӰϢͷĶ
ߴקͷֹˣôȥĥ䣬ȥң
ԶȥĽŲϪһ̧ȴ̣˸˷ܵĿ⡣
Ϫ򴽣ʼ;ţôΣյȴһҲú£
ǸˣûΣʶɲá
ʲôʱ㻹ЦóŰգϪѹɤ˵
Ҳ㣬ͷСΪͺֻҺϪһ˭Ҳᷢǡ
Ϫָ˶٣СԶʱҲûʲô߶ͷϵĲƥȫ·ĸţһʱһط˵Ĵ
ǰİﵹӳŵֻԼϪĲԾı򰲵ĿҲ˵ů⡣
ǰϪͫ΢΢һ鲻Խֱϰ͵͵ĵĻϪ֡
ϪĳѯҲ𼸷Ȼã˭Ҳ֪ĵطԼķһֻأ
ǸղûѣȺץס˻³Щûôݰǻʱ
ÿһλߣסĵӵĶ
ϪٳûлӦЩҪԭλΪͺ֮ǰÿһһֻԼһͷȡ
ͷֻоǰһŴϱӡһĨ⾪ϲĺ׼ȴۣӲɵȥ
Ϫȥܵӵĺ󳷣Щü§֫ԴǿƵק˻
Ĩ֮ϣǻڽţֻһ˲ϪʧȥеĵֿޱĳС
ɳĮиɿʵˣͻȻޣ˿ĹؿļȡŸ
΢΢漴ˮף˫ֻסϪо˶ƮƮģϪָḧĺ󾱴˿˿Ƶ֮С
Ĺ裬ϪлģЩǣҧסֲϡ
˵һڱ˴־ѵ״̬ʽǣ֮ǰζģͬһޱİ⣬ڴݼȻĽ⡣
һѹ̫ãʱһ̱ЩģֱͷڸǵĲƥڳ们䣬Ϫűϵй
ʶԼʲôͷһ𣬵ǿŰߵдˮᵴָϰӣָڷ˿дźԵָսһμһ´ʱ̡
һ̰һ


114 
Ϫָ΢׵Ĵ, 򴽣˵Ǹ
üĿϪ, ɻΪʲôǸϪǲõ£
סգϪЦ˵ʲôأˣֻǣӦһġ
˵꣬Щʵأ᲻оϲֻǲʣ
Ȼ˵ϲԼ, ϪȴΪ˻ûʧʵûհϲԼϲһġ
Ϲҫȥɫãδ죬§Ϫ˵ϲ, ϲ, ϪĻ, ҿһ졣
㡣ϪȻ, εҡҡͷ
סѵõڶԷнңҪǱɸ, ֻѰô죿
˳ϪԺ˿, Ļϲ˵ϪҪһֱͺˡ
ۣǻζһ, Ȼ˵Ұ, ϲϪĴ, ҲϲϪϪԽҾԽġ
ոĺϲĺƯεʱҪûˮȴоƮƮЩֵġ
ϪڰĻϸķܣһ߾߳ͣһ־ﻶϲûʲôܵİ˵Ŀ϶ĵ¡
Ȼûо飬ôԼͦ츳ģϪеСͦţĺߺ
Ҳúܺá̫ģϪѵֱ׵¶
簲ǰ̹ɬĿŰСӦ϶ԷĻѾֽ׶޶ˡ
ⲻ֪ϪڰпȫȻһ˳СϱӸµλãȻһУֻо˿Ϫ˵ĲС
ó˳ӦԼģ֮Ѿٶȵͷٶȷ
һ죬Ѿ׹һˣϪ԰ֳڶݵ󣬾ϡ
õʱͻȻЩŲϪһֹⳡ
ĽŲԶ뿪Ϫòһֱ⣬ʱӦѾֲԣǻҲǣ¿ɵִˡ
ǴͷϵģӵĴҲȥҪô죿Ϫţ˼˵˳
ߴO@Ե¶ͻȻȥϪֻͻȻϵĻҾֱľǰ
ҪſѯʰҪʲôûڣѾ̧һȭľ֮ϣľšˣһ£Ȼ֨ѽȻڵϡ
žôӲһȭˣǸղŲǲҲûϵ
ϪԺݿհһ˲Ȼ˲ץ𰲴ŵֲ鿴мû£ôżǿķ˵ô죿
Ȼ֪󣬵ϪôһȭŴҲǼ¡
Ȼϸ۵ִ˿΢΢¡һշСͷ㣬мؽڴƤϪʱ۵ĲС
˵䣬̧ȴһίĿԼǽţỨȫ¶ɢŲϢ
Ϫ˿̰βĻβͿŵĳһˡ
ΪʲôôǷʲôϪԺʼָתȻȻ̧ͷ
ȹˣΪȻôϪЩŵʵôģ
һʼֱǲβˣҡҡ׹Ľӣʱž˳չ䡣
ҵ˺þˣòײŵȵȻȥˣҪȣϪ̫ˡ
϶ĻҲЩңͺ̵ˮһϪϣ۵
˲ˣҲãǧҵĴҲ֪ԭôأԺ󶼲ˣԺٲ֮ǰˡ
æҵ氲ĨȥᣬϪ֮ǰԼݺһ٣Ƿʲô죬ֱ׵Ͱ˵𣿷ҪԼš͡
ЩʣϪҧŰһѵڻδһϣȥһ뷽Ųһżе֤Сĵĺǻ
Ϫǵĺϸ£ܳɬ⣬ˮζжʱһš
˳ǣȻקŰ˵ָߣ˲䣬ĿŰ˵Ժ󶼲ˣҲˡ
˿̰δɣѲ˿˸УС˵Ŀź˷ܣۣյ
ϪǰЦе˵Ϫ˵ģ֪ģ˵ĻҶŵģɲܷڡ
Ϫһ㶣ڵģѲɸղŵĶǹ𣿲ԣŲ£˵Σⱻƭ
ٴһڣϪӦ˵ġ
û뿪ط̵Զ˹С㣬ǿ棿
Ϫһ°ҵͷһ߳ţ˳֣һǰ
С㣬ʧְˣδȫһСվҡ
̵Ļû˵ͱϪϣ̵ļͷɵЩ㲻ҵָȥ£δ֮Уҽ£ҺͰǶûҪ˵Ļ˵һллλԵͷӡ
ǣС㡭̲Ϫ˼ڴͷ»صʼĵطʱȴûпϪ
ֵϵķΧҲЩ֣Ϫǵʱ׷սֵͦ󣬽ϴ󲿷ֵ˶ˣĽͷӶ
̺׵ľʵľļ;ѰңڼͼǼˣǿԷҲĴѰҵӡ
²Ϫǻû֣ʱûг֣ϣڶԷ֮ǰҵˡ
ҵˣȴ֪ΪΣǰΣյʱ̣Ϫȴ鲻
˵ˣȻȥʲôطϪڰ֣ܲں˵Ϊ˶˵׷ԼͰ˵¡
һ뵽ŵĳϪһȣİߵʵϪֺȣʲô
жỮţòҲ֪ǰСϪץסֵֵָ˰һۣǰЦ
Сʱӣ˵ɺȥϣ۲Ӧڻڷŵļдʵ˵
Ϫͷͷ۰Щҵ޷ۣߵ鷢лضԷ󣬲ײŰ˳ȥ
õĸϪ·̵ʱ򻹳ЦеʺãɫŹֵĿŶˣվû˵ʲô˼ĥ͸ġ
˳ϡļصڵʱǡÿɺĴѰңϪſڽ˺˹ɺŶǺв΢΢Щ
ıϪֱӶˣӻóȻվɺԣɵĺͶԷ˵˲ûΣա
̴ӿ¶ະѱ𴦵˸˻ϪлƽӲڼӣż˵˵̴ǶϲˣɺһȥҶ˵ųˡ
ǰ쵰ǿ򲻶ˣȥԷʲôİŻˡȥ·ϣϪ̶
̵ͷʾͬȴûڵ֪£Ѿһȥˡ
ѹô󶯾û֣ԭȥˣ̴кϪȻȰ࣬ģӦˡ


115 
Ȼ֮¹ʴϪ˵İ, ܿʱŸ֪, 鴦ĲˣǼ˻ɢĵĻܷȥԷһ˸Щ
һţƫ£ûдﵽɵĿģ˵ƣˡ
ʹ˵Ϫǲڽлˣһȥڿݳ, պðҲûණȥ֣ҲǸѡ
һطøһݳڿԲܴŵķһˡ
ϪЩĵĻ, ȴͷۿ˲, ʲô춯Ҳܺò, ɷ
漴ϰ, Щɻ棬طϰ嵱Ǯ
Ȼ˿Ĳ, Ϫһ޵־, ǵǿĺܾˡ
ȫһ˹, ̴ڼ, Ϫ۲˵оֹж, ˲㾯衣
СıܿϪǰͷСطϰ壬λǵһ⣬֪λǷ⡣
ӱݲ˵ݳܸߡϪͷ˿϶һߵĻӼҲǸͳޡ
˵¶˼Ц⣬ȻЩįļллСǵĿޣλȤĻ컹ݳݳˣǼλеĻ͹
˵⣬ϰóӣݸϪ
ϪֽӹֽŲ࣬ͷֻǼ򵥵ĸݳݣϰЩڴĵϪĻظ
Ϫ򵥷һ£ݳľͽյĴͬС죬һ׵İ黰Ҫ˵Ļһѡ
ϰĿ⣬Ϫ·һڵϰ壬Һܺ棬İײֻҪӺãӪӦ⣬ᵽ㾳ء
ϰݰ˰ȻҲϪĽڱʾίľܾЩй˵˶ǴСͻڷģµû£ҲñӣЩϻ˴ǮڰӾӪȥҲûȥµˡ
ֻЩӣΪµѰȥ·ҲҾһˡ
ϪͷȷʵΪӪƣСطݳòǮȫݳڣ˵ס˱Ҫġ
˴ΪͼʣٺõıӿıҲʧˣοݳƣûгˡ
ϰ˵ĵҲȷʵӪƵΣ˵˼䣬Ϫûж˵ʲôһ˱ظˡ
ԹϪ̰ȥ£ԤһȻû˵ʵ
һ·ص˶ԷУԷһ˶ӣõǮҲȥ˾ƣʲô̱鼮
ǸûģǶѵ˼䣬öֱһһʮˡ
鼮νһȥ¥ƣһƵ͵ģټ̰д˺üֽжۡ
ʹ֪˵˵ֻ֪ǾĹӸ磬ƼЩȨƣһӼҳ棬鶪Ҳδ˵ʲô
̰ʵϢ֪Ϫ˳ʾ֪ԣٴȥ鼮ѾкᰴｫѺùϰ²ܳ
ЩȥϢ֮Ϫȥǳ⣬Ȼ˵ᴦܲõ·һ㡣
ϰ˯ڶ¥Ȳ裬ɲɵǼδнҲڣϪԺرܵͷֱܿ
ֲʲôöģҲѾ¶ڶ˵С
̹ǰϪڵˣѧڴ֣л
ڰ֣ʾϪô飬ڵǺղЩϵƽˣ۽µǷ㣬ҶӶġ
Ļǻ޵ϣĸ߷ڣ¡Խӷٲʢ
Ļû˵꣬ϪɲһֱУȫûֶȻ˵ѧҲٽ飬ٴлȻطϢˣҲЩϢ
ͷ˵ӵɫӲ̲ס仹ԣҲ˵ȫΣգô˷̣СǷǱҪԵƽҺڳ棬ĪҪЩ£ٴôл֣Ҳǳں˵С㲻Ҫ⡣
ϤЦ֪ʱŻᣬⲻ˵ΪҪȥŻ죬ֻҪֵĴھ¥㲻Щ¡
²ȥּӺߣȴָܺΪ˷Ц
Ϥʲôˣô˵ǲôԹţ༥ͷһҲǹⲻȥͬʱҲΪôָе˶еϲ
ҶһúлһϹҲǵǰɣǸлϹӽյҿ࣬лˡ
ϪĻ˵Уƺڳлڳ˶֪ѹû뿪¥һֱڷУٲȻǸ˵ЩʹĻ
˶æϪ˵ʱֻڵڷждֱ֣Ϫ˻ػ˰䡣
Ϫûûг˼ֻǾýղ˵˭ʱϣΨûаֶԲסԷĵط
ҭ˵̧ĴɫԼٲܣԷȻҲ֪ӦϪĻǱѣӦԵԼСˣ˰죬ֻ˵һ䷦ˣ֮󼪡
ϪЦֻ뿪ıӰֻ˵˷Լʱ䡣
˵ջһ׮¡ûв֮˼ȻĿڵ
⻰Ϫһ£򵥵İ˵
ԭίûж˵ʲôֻǶŲ˸Ƿ˵ǴҲǻ룬ܻ·֡
˵⻰Ҳûмĵ˼ϪϽطʱٴˣɵúúϢֵҰˡ
뿪Ϫվԭ˼ֱҹ紩˼˴ֱۿ첽صڡ
ڣûϢŻӺſڴϷģϪӴһ·СϪߡ
Ϫųž͹İüͷ˻صߣԹĲЬܺζɲܡ
ԹԵϪĽرȻ§Ϫ˵ϪҲҸůů
ϪŰҿһǣԵĿλЦЦָలĶܾ˵Լ
˯һЩҪձҪ뿪ˣҵ֮ǰס˵һԵڼͷƲߡ
£ϪһЩ⼸ƺԴһ飬ǡĻ鷻ƯĿź졣


116 
ҹ, ͷǰֻżЩŲ, ڴҴҸ·
˸Ƿͷſڴϣ۶ߵϪ
ϪѾϴˣˣҲ̫ϼ򵥴˼£ͷ
æ˱ЪϢϪĳҲδʰԺ, еָʱʱ鷢
ƻΪһζϪǼΪͶ룬ִʵֲֽͣдʲôʸʱʱ°ʹ΢΢üͷʱչüۼܱʼ顣
ֻǰһĻӦõķ羰֮һ, ҪȻ۶ѷ, Ϊȴִ᲻˯ȥ
㱼Ϫ, ʱû뵽ҹд⺣, һСı¶٣ȴϪ׹
Լͬŵòᣬ»ᱻ෢ֵİ, ֻԶԶĶҲ, ȴûϪðսͻ˺ߡ
ŵĵȴ֮, δ˻Ѱ, , ԼӦûб֣ϪµĴֻںƮ
Ǵǲɱ⴬ֻˣǵһرԲɫеͻȥʱ¹͵͵Ϫ
ǸɫɾŮӣеϧͺˣҲһѡ
űŽǺÿͻȥЩڴУҲ˶ԷҪ˱㲻һˣȴû뵽˾ڰţһξܵ˾ţ£ô֪Լȥ
ӵķɿ죬ȴжźˮУںвҶȥǶ˻
һСǵһμôСĴ֣ҪСܽ⴬С
ĸ˵թƻŲⶫԼѰͷһ˰ߡ
һΰûˣȴһζֽζںдδŵϸȷ˺þãȷΧû˺ȡֽ򿪡
ֽζԽŨסջһֽֽŻԭλһ·ӻ⺣
һ˾֮һڣ˿˿ʱ⻯عʱǶȻ¶ǡ
֪ĸе£Ŷӵ˰첻ʹ࣬漴ܿƵ룬ǶҲǸÿŮӷǵ
ԷǲԼѣ
ͷܿƵðͷԼҪԻˣԼ˻ȥľȥһΰߣһˡ
ֽɢֵ˺ܾãһΪ˵Լٳһζ
һȴ¶ˣܣȴץסβͣβǶô˽ܵĲλ
һץ׻һʱ֮ԼβͻȻǺóԵջԼ˻ڻС
ĺûнƿԼˮǳڰϵİʱίֻᡣ
Ȼĸ˵ĶǶԵģ඼ǻˣһһᱻץȥľ˵һ߿ܿѡ
һŮȴһνССĽͻ˺Уһ°ˣ̽ԶԷû׷ϡ
ѲҲԼѣĲ²ðֱһ˼į̫ˣ̫иˡ
̽ԵĻص˰ߣһλȥûܺϪ
һճµϪ𶼻ͷ̣ʱϪһ
ǿƵĺϪڵĵطůĹ⣬̲ס뿿
УоգϪеζ͵͵˵ʲôȴøİģ΢Ĵڶһ֣漴һƬůа˯ȥ
Ϫæͷ£̧۱㿴ǰſڴϻ˯˯ȥն᲻ߣӰ
ͷذͷµʱѾ˯ŵİȴʲôϪͷǿֱԼֻ֣оһƬסڰĶһǣҲϲ㡣
˯һϪǣŷԼдµĶɺķţһεʱԣջĿշҲ࣬Աɺһ䷿
ûãͷŲű̽ԵĿһ죬ϪɺĴ˷ţӭ˽ȥ
ɺС㣬ôˣǳʲô𣿡
ϻż˯⣬ȻǱϪ˯кѡ
Ϫ˯˰ɣձҪ̻ȥҲ㡣
Ϫô˵ɺæҡͷС˵ʲôۺʱֻҪСзԸһ߾ܡ
ϪЦЦʾɺ˵Ȼ׼õĶһɺʱʱ۲ɺǷв׵ĵط
ɺ۾ϪĻԽ۾Խﻹа˯⣬һݵĿϪ̾С㣬̫ˣС㽫Щ˵˼ǣ
Ϫ˵Ҫȥ־죬·βͷȴ£ǣ㣬ǲ÷ģҲϲá
֮˲࣬ŵùûԸë깢ֱǷȱ̲⣬Դֳһģαҽĵһ񡣡
ΣûģҪܾҲǿ󡣡
Ϫº͵ʵɺڶֻһƬȣܵõ˵ǰδġ
ȻϪ˵ԺкܶõõҲһֱϪĻΪǺܾԺ£ֽ׶Ϫֻߴ֡
ȴû뵽Է͸ô飬˷֮ЩţС㣬ҵġ
Ϫ֪ɺڵʲôЦɺҪԼôϸ룬Ҳ곤㼸꣬ʱյҲǰδġ
֮Կȥη壬Ϊ֪Ŭ֮ʧҸ´ĺڣˡ
ϪĻɺһϪ̫ŹңСڵ˿εס
ôһ룬ɺûʲôµģϵĶʰã֣صĺϪ˵С㣬ģһ׵ġ
ϪĵͷȻұ㾲ĺϢһ˵һ¼˹ǲҿɲҵ˵һϳʹ׼̡
Ϫ뿪ɺɾþòƽϪĶһһ飬ٴϴȴҲ޷˯
ҹǷ˯ţڶյ̫վˣŶźȦæǰæΪͰʰɺϪûж˵ʲôȥ
򵥵˵һ£ԼҪɺٰЩ£ϣ˰ֺͱûж˵ʲôʹĺˣϪ
Ϫ룬ͷ˵ˣлɺȸִžôˣȻóһľǮ
ɺǮɺʹã֮شֽȱȱ˵Ļڵҡ
һӵôǮɺӹľ֮ԵЩ޴룬ûɺӣЩĴȤ˼䡣
ϪɺľԺֵǮԶö࣬ϰɡ


117 
׵ɺԺ, Ϫ˱ٴ̣һ;ûٵ, һص
ڸ֮ǰȻߵɽ·ҹ·Ļʱ˲ӣǿǿˡһиŵ˵
˵⻰תȥϪ³ʱϰ䣬ĳɳٶԶԤڣ߰θ˲٣⿴ȻǸСɾˡ
Ϫ³, ˳Űһ̧ϤĵطҲ˼ͷ
ǸϪǻûش, ǱˡϪ, Դį˵
佼ҺѾ󴨴ᵽ, Ȼǲٸҹ·ȥ, ϼڴſˣûŲߵĵ
Ϫͷ, ׵ҹ·С, ֵȥɣҲش塣
Ϫ˼, ԼĨ治Ͻⷬ, ԰ʾǽǵ, ջˡ
뵽ӳʱϪԸ࿴ԼһۣٻԷѻΪԼģ˸жʱɢ˲٣¶Ц⣬ӦǶлˡ
Ϫû뵽Լ˴ϰԵܵõʵлЩʱĸı˺ܶࡣ
ǡʱŵһߣɫѿĴţ͸Щͺͷꡣ
Ϫֻû˿仯Խӣ˿̻ߴա
ƺǲĿ⣬ץڰϪȹǵС׻̧ۿ
ĻӦһϲǰԭڰС׻ʱͣ˶ŭǰﲻʱŵĵͺ𣬷·ֻҪٿһȥҧ϶ԷĲӡ
ԭȸԾĲʱԭأϪָС׻ԴС׻ʱ˾ֺ̬õĲ˲Ϫġ
Ϫ϶ͣĿƵĿţеĳ֮Σһ߳жȻôС׻Цˡ
ֻĿһ϶ʱϪ˾ȻҵŰС㳰ŪǺ޲̰νɱǰһһ
ŵ֮ĻҩζƥȥиŸĸһڼеȼˣ˵ŻɫǸĳϪͷһ¡
ϪûΪԼŲСǸŸϽ˴ߡ
㣬ҲϽȥɣʱһ϶δЪϢǿȥһľϲѾȲȥˣ˵סҵķ
ϪЦɺ°µʱ㻹ĵҪһôͻȻˡ
һһӲҵҲûôżҵ̫ûңǻ費˼ģΪ롣
ѼӲϪЦҡҡͷҶҲǹĸҲٴȤӣװж
δϪڣһӵſ˻ѲɻҪ˼Ҹͻȥɡ
ϪȻлȴûʦѾ㲻ԼҲǣеǼʱʱĵԽ顣
ĵĻѧⲻһ˵ģδ̫Ȱο䣬ȴûģҲҲգѧ߱ˡ
ϪĻ˶׷ײĿЩĿСѧôԴǲ顣
û뵽ᱻϪһң۾һɾҪѵȴϪѾŰһתԶˣܱ߻ͷֵȻȥˣȥݷ
°ͣεҡҡͷѧԽˡ
ϪŰڻ谵ɫһ·ⱼܣҹɫڻ·ֱǰǵСŮһֻƾɵС
ʱǰĶׯ壬һȫȻԺ󣬷ҹ紵䣬ʱץУǰͷЦĵϪͷ̲סӿ첽Ϫ磬˾һ·Цǰȥ
ںͷѵĸţ˵УҲЩؼңȻԵọ̃ԥһ»Լ
佼ҵĴҹ֮죬ţѯ˭˵һһлҹա
ʱ佼ҵ˶˶׷׳ǰ鿴ԺҲԺ˵ƻ
ôˣʲôˣԶ˼±ҴҸ˹üʻ
ʱſŵˣڵأһֵָˣͰ͵˵й
˶ʱ⿴ȥֻͷӰǣݱסĴϢ
һʱ֮Ժ˶˭ҲǰԶҲһʱԭأʱ벽ʰ׵Զߣʵʲôˣ
Զʶ֪ôӺ˵𣬼Լɷ˵ɻĿſڣſڵľüͷǰ˼
ǰδ״Զ뽫˭֪ȥץ˸գѾһſȥ
һգ۱ſǶߣ΢΢ŵʵϪϪ𣿡
Ϫò˳ֱӣϵĳЦһˡ
ϪϪʱ־ϲץϪµĴš
ÿĸףϪҲǸˣӦôˣûϳôһ۾֪ң
ûĿϪһۣ˵ϵ⣬ôϲ㣬ǻɻҲʶ㡣
ϪЦ⻰˵ġ
Ȼô˵ţϪȴҲסۿʱһԵİק࣬ʾ⡣
ĴкҲҲЦӦˣһһͷߣͺûͺãſվŶ
ʱҷҲϵˣϪҲһϲһߡ
ŻعʲôģǴСˣżҲڨڨԼǶˣ뽫ŹϣһֻͻȻŷӲǰסš
ʱһд̴˵Ķ䣬ٶſڿȥֻò׸ϵĻӣĿһ𾪵ĺȵʲôУϵļˣˣ
˴˿޲һôȥˣһ϶ˣⲻҪ˵ЦȡЦˣϣС㲻Ҫ
˾ϪûסЦЦźϴȤеĶʲôˣСܿһԺ
ϪԽԽźЦԵİҲЦǱȾһ㣬ǸһЦһʱ֮佸¶Ц
ϹȥŻߣҲЦ⣬ֻвԵĻӣɶͷԣһ߸ݣһ߲סѯʵ׷ʲô¡


118 
佼Һ˵, Ϫһ˵Ĺϲ£Ѿҹ, ȴ佸ݵĻ
ȴĹµȼ˶ֽæϪ˵ϺϸԿյŮۿ΢̣ϸͱ糾ѣ˸Ͻȥúϴһ
ӱϴԼԺ˵ײһŵľ룬Ϫصǵķ䡣
ǰҲʰ, ֻҪϱ˯ֻǻͻȻﶼû׼ϴˮǲ
û£ͽίһ, һӦ⡣϶˲ͣķԸš
ϪϵĻ, ΢΢һ, æ, û£ҵȵȱˣϴ輷һôУ
ⶼʲôʱ, ڵ˷纮ô, һ֪㣬ɾ, ǲʰɾ, ġ
, һֽչôϴĸɾ˵Ϫ㳯ʹɫҲϽ˵䡣
ôϴɾպ˴֣ܻæúϴϴķ糾˵Ůӣʲôúߵġ
Ȼ֪СϪͲ˽ӴһˣҲϰź±㲻ûʲô׵ġ
ĸ˵ĶԣһˣϴֲģϪͲҪˡ·ȫȻϪİʾһĸϵĻ
㿴˼Ұ˵ûˣ㻹ڽʲôĿ˰һۣȻһѯĿ⿴Ϫ
Ϫû뵽ʱѱ䣬ļֽӹŵĻϴ̾û취ֻˡ
ЦĸϪţʱ˵ĸϪƤȻҺһˣǾñæȥɣ˷ˡ
ܵұ˵һԺţºһǣȥ׼ôˡϵͷ˵ź˽һŲҴҵȥ
˫΢У㽫ŹϣһִֻӺͷԽļͷֱϣǡýŸʵ
ĵΪʲôϴô֣źǸã
ϪʣתΪʲôȻǵϴ裬Ϫϴϴɡ
ͻȻֱ㿪ʼ½İϪһץס֣ɫʱ
㣬ʲôؼҵһ컹Щĺãշ
շϴҲǵڽգЩȽȥ㲻ˡ
Ϫ䣬Ѿʰ׵ѱδϪƹ˻վſڵȥͷ
ˮϪĵɻôģ
ԵİϪ񣬸Լ뷨ѹû룬Լһ˼ʲô
ŰרϪȴûְſԡͰߣһ˫Ͼ
רĿĿбӵϪ˿ԺһƬհףʵԺͰһֱδԼҲǵһ龰ˡ
ʱյĴȻֽԼϪȻ޷侲԰
ֻԹ˲ϾϪȴûע⵽ҲѾû˷Ŵݣɫ΢İͷԵЩ˼ֻĿʱʱƮ
ϪǱߣݵַͣɿջء
һʱ֮䷿ͻȻҲȵˮƣϪЩɰ͵³һ仰ˮƺЩˣ㻹ðɣ
ϪĿ˵ͷûж˵ʲôûʲôرľٶϪҲƽ
һпƽ͵ʱϪȻˮ˸ţʶĨȥϵˮգЩãĿ򰲣֪ʲô¡
ûŪ״СȴͻȻ΢ĴУʲôϪһӣȫ䱸
ʱſˮɫĲԼЩ˼ݣԭǰȥ˫ȣβ¶˳
βεʱҪϲ٣һԭԡͰʱӵ
Ū״ϪβͿԷŵĵطޣǲⰤţҲ֪ǲ֪ԭβ˫ȵûʲôɺߵġ
ֻôͻȻֳԭͣϪЩġ
ôͻȻˣﲻ
ҲǣǾٷЩϪ㿴źܽţҾЩ
Ϫ漴ܵЩ˷ܵ𷽲һȫȻԼ˿̵Ĵһ´󿪴ϵģʱߵͨ졣
ʵʼ˶ǳԿ£ʲôǷŶ֮䣬ʲôѾȫȻ¶ˡ
ϷԡͰߵȻΪղŵĶڵأϪֻ֮ϽЩڵʶסǾǰβ͡
һͻȻʮֵİ˷˿ˮ
˫죬һ˫ĴģͷԾһ£βȶţ͸¶Ŵ˿˼õ顣
Ϫϲҵβ𣿡Լ͵͵ʵָⶼ͸ǳǳķ⡣
Ϫ˿޲ԭʧڴ˾Ǻֻ˳ŻӦţʲôŸо
ϪĻԽ˵Խᣬ㵽βͺ棬ֻܿͨĶ⡣
ţšԵЩĲɣͷ˼ҪҪʱһβͣôϪ᲻ǶСһӦòᱻְɡ
С㣬ʲôҪ𣿡
ͻȻѯ컵ķΧͷ˼ϴòͷֵĶ̲סѯʵ
±˶ʱЩæңϪһɿβͣҲ˲ڲڵģԡͰҴҽһԵ·ϡ
£ϱȥ
⴫˻ӦϪߣһڵˮĳŵĺͰ˵βջȥǱƼô졣
ȴﻹʲôβͣѱ˫ȣһϰӦлͦġ
һͣϪǳ׻ָƽģһ߲ͷһߴϷ鼱֮˵Ь˵ҲϴĲˣʰһȥǰǻء
ȴûжֻԡͰв˵ϪЩֵôˣǲǱȥˣ
ǡ
ҡҡͷȻ˶ٿϪ૵̫̼ˡ
Ϫ𾪵ĿУĨԱǻ䣬ˮеһȦȦĲơ
ŵϪһԵŰԡͰ
ҪˣⶼѪˣϽҿ
ȻˣǰıѪֹܿסˣǰһǿװ򶨵İϪع˼ǰˡ
ŰıǼ⣬û˵㷽ŶЩʲôŻѪӿز
һ£Ϫ¶һֺõЦݣػȻϪ
Ϫһ죬ָڰĶһ
Сɫ


119 
Żڵ, ҲĥˣʰúƲȥǰ
δȥ˵˵Ц, о˵󣬹Ȼǰͼ㵸˵žǵļţϪһ䣬Żӻ飬˵ĶЩ羰Ȥ£Եĵû˵ʲô
ϺϲڣϪ˾䡣
մȥæ, ûˣ°ɡ
ԶϪĻϪС㲻׽ʺ²Ů, Զʹй, ȴǲ¶֡
Ϫûж˵ʲô, ͷŰ, ȴʵţ΢ıǼ⣬°Ȼļ˻ӵĸ̸ۡ
ֻԻӵϺ, ĻΧϪչ, ʱʱѯԶһԽӲԶҲ¶˷ɵ̬
ڻӰԼ˵Ŀڿʲѵʱ, Ϻ缰ʱһŲ˻, ˱ʱ»ͷһ
Ϫ, ѳԹжϵĲȴǰһӡ
һֱûԶꤵˣõļʳθڽǲ
֮ϣ𷽲ŻӺͰĽϺϵļ룬ǶԼ˷Ĺѯʣϧ˼ضزס
ںڵķΧУ佸ڵĵƻһֱ˺ҹϪƣŴ˸ϽȥϢҪȻ֪Ҫʱɢ
̫ƣֻڼ̫ɣڶϪ˯˿ͷҫĿչ⣬ɢ˸
Ƿַ˯ģҲ֪ǲϪĴص佼ҵİԵøĶ£ǰʱ
ϪĶΪ׼ϴڼ䲻ʱúĿ͵͵
ϪʱԵĿһ£˺뿪ʱ࣬ɼȻĸԶЩһڼ˵ɻδӦ
ϸҲǣʱȻº׳Ǽ²ϢԼľûʲô˵µȻûס
ˣЩ翵¾Ϳˡ
𣿡
С㣬Ϻ綼ǺͷһõĲͣڷԺ
⻰ϪЩȣ;ǱöˣѵûԼһȥ
ҵģ
ԼһϪܷģǾʼִһ¡
үǰүӷŵţҲǰү˵СҪȥҪҪţ
˺ǼϪδԹ佼ҵ˶λСǺ棬ϾСطۺϢر졣
䲻֪һ£佼ҴСһŮֻգֱ׽úһͷ¼˾̾ˡ
Եʱ˶뿴λŮǺҲκϪʱ¶棬ּҴҵĸǣǶûеóԸ
ϪˣΪһ߹Ħ佼Ƕ˷ܡ
ͷӦ˵ڼ򵥳˼ںȥǰ
ǰȻԶҸӶڣ˼ϪǰһȻǵȴѾá
Զһ͵͵˵˲ô˻ûΡ
磬ϪôòŻôԶһ·ˣ˯ôˣǻҪȥϾƻ˯ذء
׼ʱĽӹ˻磬ϪĿЦ⣬Ļӵĺ󱳡
Ҳû˯죬Ǽ̫ˣһ˯ĺܣ˶ˬⲻ˵¡
ϪһԶУѲ뿪ʱģǰ⻰Ѿըˣһ㲨ԣЩ
Ϫ˵Ҫ˵£Զ׼˶Ծͦ׼סе飬ӵ΢΢ǰֻϪ˵
ϪŵùʥּչڶǰԭŹ򶨵Ķ˶ʱһվŵĿϪеʥּƾҪ¡
Ϫ״æӣӷӦҲ죬һһ˲ס
ﲻǼˣȷȽھˡ
Զ㱵ĵ˵ͷϪͻȻӿһ˿˿֮飬ԼٹǰʥֵּĿɱ⵭ˡ
Ѿһ̵ݣһǰ϶¡εܸߣμҲһֱӸ߲£⺣γɱʱдʲôǿ
ûϪ̵л˭뵽һָ˶һػһʱ֪˵ʲô
⻭濴ʵЩЦһһֱûĻ̲סЦһֱǸ׶˵ˣ˭뵽һܴƯķ̡
Ϫ˻һۣڨڨͷϪڵµô£һ¡
׼ЩĵĿ˿ԼҶӣ˵ҪϪͰɣȴû뻢ɤǰ£ʼ٩٩̸
ʵ֪Ķ࣬س̵·ϣϪ˵һЩһϦദ֮Ҳܽ˲١
ʱ˵ЩһûУֻֻ֪һ£ⱳȨıһ㲻ĽȴպԶ׼ס
ŻӵĽԶ˵ɫһһ׵ģҲǱüɼ˿ֶôĲƽ
˵ĲˣϪʱļ廰˵еԶûбô򵥡
պһҪ֮ͷ̫࣬պ˵¿̲ݻж
ԭΪһֱڼһĪչ׼ϪĻֻͻȻʮ꣬·һѪ֣ͻȻֳ
Ϫģ˼ΪȣҪʲô㾡˵ԺµıָҴġ
Զûж˵ʲôϾϪĸףܲϪ󣬵΢ɫҲܿ׼޼
Ϫʼ˽֮鰲ţ⻰һ˵񿴲ͷһ㣬;Ҳ˽ƷϺϣҲº㲻뿪

УǾͻش壬ºʹ˵˵Ȱټ˵
ҿϼ˵˵հ׼ȥһˣǱҲ㡣
ˣⶼʲôʱˣʲô¶ȷŷţȳ
̸ձǿжϣŷͷ̫֪ʱ£ͻȻӿ֡
Թ󣬻һұȻԼңƻȥ󻹵úϼһϪҲһֱԶˣİԼԺӡ
ǲǾЩû˼ˣԺʵ
û£ϪҪæ֪ģһҲԵġץϪָ棬ȫȻһ㲻
ԷԴϪжʱȻʱЩ޴룬ǰȴӲµʱţһ뵽ϪĿԽ͡
Ӧ㣬̧ͷϪĿĴչȥȻôԣϪǲǸøЩأ
˳΢ߵĴ꣬ϪУеĺ岻Զ
ϪɫҲս֣͵Ȼһͷ
䣬ɫĻ任ģ֮½˿˿Ƶ⡣
佼ҵ˲࣬ϪҲȣɺǰϲ˽źҹ֮Ժ㲻ʣˡ
ԶϵƤӵ£Ϫûô
ֻ鶯֮ʱϪȴԺǰͷסһˣǱ̡
ֻöһ죬Ϫʶ̧ۣ㿴˲Զվ̡
յϪһ棬ȻŤ·ʲôҲû㣬˿Ȼ󲻽Լķ䡣
һʱ֮ϪȻֱ鸴ӣǰ֧°ͿǰЦøá
Ϫɰ


120 
ĵ, ԭϪĴȻȥʰһ£ͽȴк, ȵڶٿʼʽ
ûǵŽӣδԼԺӣ;ȵ˼ſڣ㡣
ô£Ǻ˵ǽҪϪӣЩʵ
ûǻδ֪ᣬô˵ȥҲʾɻ
ͷݳԶ, Զӳ˵ɣǴҲᣬûɶµġ
Ϫͷ˵ûδ, Ҵ, ⻹ʡһҼȥҡ
뵽ͷһ, Ϫ˻ȥ˵, ͵ȽȥҪ˶˵ʲô˵ٻ, һ
ʲô, ϪȻԼĴ㣬ֱͷ, ԸСЩ
³, Ϫ, ̣ݳȥ
ϰ֮ˣȳ˺ʹ޾ͼͷߡ
³ѱеĸΧסʿˡ
ƽӣϪأ˵ͷˣôһ
ԣˣ˻أЩʱҺ硣
ˣ˵Ϫȥľǣ
ʲôȥˣ
ǰҹϼֵܻˣ˵ǺϪһġ

ϪԶʻСͣ£ȻԶһƥȥѽͶԷ˵Է֪ôˡ
Զ֪󣬶ϪСģᾡϻģһ޾ȥ
ϪҿĴ˿˺Ű⸽ݵĴӦ⡣
֮⣬ܿˣֵѾˣô󣬴Ҷ֪֪׵ˡ
˭е紵ݶģðȫ˾Ͷ֪ˣߵж⣬жඪˣǲ˽Ŀ׼ǰϢ׳תߡ
Ȼǳ˽ģϪ׷ΣϾϳӾˣǺ¡
ߣԶĴ㶵ĳʱʱֶĺ磬ĳ
Ϫع񣬿Űͷ΢ǣ𰲵֣º͵ЦǻҪһҪҪȥߣ
𣿡ɤ͸ãĳڴ
ˣССҪʲôϪŰ־ȥ
ɳ̲ߣϪ½Ь˾ţ˳ƽҲʰ׵漴Լǰȥ
ϣ˾ôŲɳ̲漴ϪϽŵĺˮ̵һ飬ӦЦԶܡ
һ㲻䣬ˮвסķЦĿһֱ׷ϪӰ˾ôڰߴš
һϪŰ֣ˣһ
ҲɵϪţȻǣ֣ŰɢϪȵģðİ
⼸һæؼҿʱԣҵÿձ㡣Ϫ̧ССˮ
ͣ½ŲϪͻȻʵؼң
Ϫͣ½ŲԾŰЩԣ΢΢һ㶣漴׹Զĺƽ˵ţؼңȻȥȥ㡣
΢΢ץϪʵϪȥң
Ȼǻؼ㣬ǼҡϪҧ˵ųգգۡ
Цˣ§Ϫĸ첲Ϫô֪ʲô
Ϊǹ㣬㣬ϲãעʲôĵı£ΪĶѡϪ𰲵֣ӡһ漴ЦЦ
ͷȣչȥҲҪף
Ϫ΢죬ǽǰͣ˰⡣
Ѱ˿齸ʯ£ϪͷЩиŵ˵Ժ׬˴Ǯ˹취ںһء
ʱұѰһõط޼ӣٽҴ󴬣סںϣʱͲˡ
ȤˣǱݴȥ棬ɢĶɹ
Ϫδмƻãԭ͵͵ںϽݾסģҪܶǮһķա
Ǻһ޸˼ƻԼķأʲôΪʱֹܷĵؽ磬ֵķҲʹĽ͡
Ѱ£ǻǲӵзصģ⹱׵ĻϣģϪĿǺϣѶȻСܶ࣬ĴһĿġ
Ϫкܶ˼£ԺҴ棬ҲкܶóԣԣҲڵġϪļ˵
ţҴ㣬Ժҡ

ûлغУʾϪ죬֮ȥϾȥܷ㣬Ҳһʱ
ʰصߣʱѾˣϪ鶼ѾˣϪȻˡ
Ȼֵ˴Լһʱ䣬Զһ֧ƺƵĶԶʻ
Ϫ˵·ߵȺ򣬶ͣԱߣͷ̽ӣһʾϪϳ
ϪŰϳҲٴȥ
ϣϪһ֣ЦȻѧֻ㱨һ֪£ѧ
˳ڣЩʣһ׼Ҳɱֲջ
˵ЩҸˣҿɲˣԼŰ졣
ϣЪŰɡ
ϪָȣȻͼԵ˵̣壬һ㣬㶮˼
̵ͷһȥ˶ǰͷܿϪһĺȡ
ǰÿЩҪĪҪ·
̺һһĴȥԶʱ˵ע˹
֮ǰϪش屾ǵ͵ԼݵԼҵӯ͵·ڶǰͷ
ҵɣԶһ۾ܿοԼʮ˵Ĳ
󴨴ǸСطʱȼƣһһʱĶ۹֣׷ײ²Щʲô
Ϫһ˾ôƺƵԼҸ̫ͣڡ
ţЩ˶ʲôģộ
˭֪㿴ɵģ̫үⶼûȡ
Ҫ˵ңԶһҲǻˣǰʻϪ˵ϪҪò⳵ľϪɣ
Ϫ˵׼˲ͣ佼ſأֻϪһҵģȥ£ô󶯾
۷׷УӽҿˣֵţֻϪĲ̵
ϪһǳΧʱը˹һ㣬˶
ǿϪ
Ҿ˵ǰɣ⼸²Ưˡ
˭˵ǣǿǽǰȫһˡ
ϪԼҪЧ̵˸ɫ
ᣬȵҵ˵Ѷжȥ


121 
ô, ΧһĽͷӶһ쳤˲Ӻ, Ҳ֪һʲô
Ϫ۲źۼɨΧȺⷴӦ⣬ȻŲſȥ
Χ˶̣һߣڰ˶̴ӽһȻͻȻ˿벽ȵ㣬ûԷ𣿡
̴ͻȻһǱŵһ, ϵһûȣڵأĶʱɢһء
Χ͵ıһֻװĲǱģȫǽ鱦, һӡ
󴨴˺ʱôǮ, ʱ۾ֱ, Ҷ˵, ô̴æҵĽպá
˵Ŀ̴ӵĶƶ̴ֻӱʰõϪϴ
Ϊһѵ˵ʱϪȴ۶ߵ˿, Ƶ˵, ҲûǮýȥǡ
˵⻰, ϪҲĥ, ߽Ժ, ʧ˵ǰɵĽ佼ҵĴţһĶ˽ȥ
ȵһʰ׵佼ҵĴŹϣȺˮν̵͹һ㣬ը˿
Ƕûҿ˰ɣ
˼ˣôǮòУ
ûʶģǲһ㶼ôǮ˵Щû򿪵Ҳǡ
ܰɣҪǣǣǻˣ
ҿ˳ɾˣ㿴ϪӣôһӵǮһۡ
˵Ϫ׸ʲôȥˣż¾̥ˣ
佼ҵѾϣ˻ǾþòԸȥʵ̫ˣĪýʱͬգǰţֻ뿴ûл˳һ䡣
Ⱥֵһֻ佼ԺﴫʰٲŵļȺߡ
Ϫкĸһ裬״Ҳ԰æźǵģ
Զ׼ЩסˣմǲǺϵ£ȻϪ˵ҪشˣȴҲû̫⡣
Զ׼˸ɫ׼һʵ佴С㣬˵Ҫʹε𣿷ôõĻᣬôһԣŽ
ϪЦЦõĲԼĸ˵մ֣кһȿˮæ˴ˡ
ӦϪػ׼ʣȴϪͷҲصٶȿڵԣ˵˵ô£
ҲŲӵϪػĻӣͻȻϪеĻڿء
ϪûӻشԶ׼⣬ЩŵĿӣֻʽǸˣߴŻӿ˵˵
üͷ˼һſڵǽ壬ôڴ磬ҽͻȻͷȥ˶ôණ
Ӧ˵ĺģʱǰۿȻûǰǮд򷭣ǡ
ߴңǽȣͷ˴ǮǺܶܶǮ
˵Χ˶ͷʾͬ⣬׼ԶҲ㣬ϪҲĳ
֮Ӧóʤ׷ʹ˸ߴһǵ⣬ⲻǿĶ࣬ΪιŲȺɢȥ
ϪŻӵĻû˵ֻʾ˵
ӵõʱģҡͷ˺һ˲ͷʱһӣ֪ˡ
㣬ܹǲǣǾôǣδô򵥾ǣҪǲȥ˵ʣͲһ˶Բԣ
Ŀ˻һۣϪصǰЦСû͵ȷʵǱ֮ǰ˲١
ԶЩƶǶܾûЩͷԣӶôˣǲЩȣϪȥ£ֻ֪ϷˣĻӶô󳤽
ȻϪ˼ޣ˵˰˵ϣϪӹ͵
ϧֵܵĶ㽲ôǰģԽǵòľԽҪǽϢ˸ӣ֮ʣʱǷȰ˵ԼͻԹԡ
ǣϪ㲻˵ԽԽãǾôţõȵʲôʱȥ
Ȼô򣬵¿ɲôˣôʲô
壬ǿðɣ죬Ҫĵһ־ͻȫλ
죿
׼ͺһͲС׼˽ˣԭļƻ㣬ҪϰǿˣϪȻ˵ֻҪ졣
ԣ졣
ϪŵЦݣԶ֪жԲߣǿڵҪʲô
µĹؼ治ǣǡ
˵⣬ϪŤͷһߣ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻ϶ſ˵ˮߣһﶼǣɻ

ڶջǻȥһС֣󲿷ֶ󴨴壬ҪΪ׳ӿŶȡ
ԭΪ˸ϪæŴˣȻҪ˰Ÿŵ㣬Ϫɴͼƻ佼ҵϷӷһ¡
˵ɾ͸ɣ֮ͺԶ£ǾҵķΧһҲȦǸġ
ȻϪǷº죬Զ˻ǷĲ£ѾϪļƻ϶ܽ°ûס
佼ҵĴʽ磬϶˺ͻӶûؼңʣµļڼš
ڼԶ̲סſϪſڻƣֻǿѹﶢŴŲŲ
磬Ϫ˵Ҫ˸ȥͷ￴Σԥ˼֣˼һڼңʡŴˡ
Ϫȴǰڰ֣ʾⲻòţǸøõ
ԶûףϪǴ󵱼ҵģҲֻøųˡ
ڼƲ鿴һĲֺʱһҴҵĸ˹
С㣬λϽȥɣӿסˣǴ˶֣ǵ˴ٶҲ£Ȱǹ˲
ϢԶ˺Ǿȣǲ뿪Сʱôͱ죬˵̧űŻߡ
Ϫȴǲӣڵ￴ׯڵİЦ˼ǳԵ׷˿̻δȥǣûϳɣ
ŪǰˮȻͷԭǸ濴Ӳȴ
һ£ŤͷϪ˵Ϫеء
ϪŰȥȹϵ೾ݸҺˮˣ
ϪģƤգգۣյߣСһڳԵأ
ĩβѧС׻ӶϪ˫ץ״Ц𣬰ȹŲȥ
Ϫһ죬ĵĸϣûĶЩСˤš


122 
˻ص佼Ҹʱ, ԶԶı㿴ſΧ˲ٵˣ, ڴﶼǴġ
˿Щ˶ɫΧǰŻԶ׼׼ЩԶǱΧסϪǿȺпԼ׵Ӱ
ô˵лǴֲŲڳ˵̲֪ʱϪԣûв뵽ǰǳ־ȥ
Щʱ̱ϪɳȥԶԶĸ϶ˣŵĳ, ģʹ϶ӦҲѾؼҡ
Ⱥе׼⿴˲ԶϪſ뺰־ǲҪϪҲݽ
׼˼תΧҲѾע⵽Ϫв˵תìͷ, ֱָϪߡ
Ϫ΢΢ü, ǲĵʶǰվվ
뿪׼ѹԼ, ϪǱжپ, £ϪһŮܵס
˷Ϫȥʱֻǰһ, ĳеĳ, ͵ĻӵһԵ¨֮ϡ
䣬¨㱻ն, Ƭɢ, ٴܹ, ֵ̾Ϫǰһʱ֮伤ȺӲͣ˽ŲŲǰ
Ϫʲôǽַھӵġ
ԶԶԣλɾѵ˾Ͳˡ
Ⱥ侲Ϫ̵ļʾѵȻ˵
ҵĻǴˣʶôһôҼſڣڻµģһ¡
ϪĻ˱ʾ⣬ǸϪý⡣
ϪЦЦȴǼ˵Ǽ徻ĺܣ֪մʲô磬ôһˡ
ԶڴϪǰΪ࣬ʱڱ˵𣬾ǵҲһĵȰ˵ģ佼ƽŵ˲ࡣ
˭뵽ǰǵͷϪŴݣ̸Ȼ˲Ծľưһء
ʲôǼûشˣһﶼģһ£ǲǣ
һ˿ڻϪĻ˵ЩûΧƵƵΧͣǿŵǺ·ղŻһ㡣
ϪȻĵͷɷнµ˵ҵǲ֪׾ȻȻҲŴһˣȻطˣ⡣
һϪҪߣɫһ䣬ȷʵƽǶϪûǿϪһ
Ҳ֪ģϪ佼ҵĹǣЩҪϪͷܰģôܾô뿪
ǣʲôϪ˵ǲˣ
̲סȺԴ͵ĺ˽յ⡣
ϪŤɻǴӺε֪£
ȻϪûϣ⻰ȷ˴£
ﶼ˵£㿴ȻҪˣҲЩˣԼģһﶼ֪֪׵ģȷҲʡ°
ԣԶײڣһģ㻹ǿųģСʱǼҹ޻һڵء
⣬ϪüҲײĳ鶯һ£ϪС̣̣ʲôģϪϲôû棿
ѵõĳ˳ǣǿѹЦ⣬һ˵С˽ҰȤЩ̫æУûɡ
ɴ۾Ϊ棺ģǲУߣھȥϪõ࣬Щʱ
˵˵Ϫȴһֲֻоüͻͻֱ֪ġ
˭ˣסڴǼҵСӣСʱżﵽ๤ҵĵذһ飬ĵʱ֦ڵ֣ʲô͡
֪ⲻϷԣȰ˵СϲԼȥЩʱʹСȥҲ٣˶࣬ǵøС׳ƣĪ۸ȥ
ҲǣǵȵǺϪһȥ˵еʱϨͷĿȴǲܿƵɨΧ·棬÷ˮͲ
Щ˿ȥˣϪǿյüģԥ˵Ҳ֪ǴӺ֪ģȷʵôһ£¿ɲС¡
ֻʮˣôˣһﶼʶѡ˭ã˴ĺͲˣҪˡ
ʮˣ
ֻʮˣϪ㿴ǿ׳Ե˿࣬һ㿴ɲɣ
ԣңϪ֪ҵģ̤ʵһ
ң
֪޺󣬴һȿֺĿʼëԼ´ʧ˻ᡣ
Ⱥֿʼлҵƣһüǰһɱ֮мּɵֻٶӡ
ҿǶܼҲ֪˽٣˵˵ô£
⻰ǹؼˣ׷׵׼ڡ
Ϫ׼ʾһ£׼ԶȺϪԣɤӣ
һأҪлµģҪҪϣÿµĹǮᣬϹǵҪҷŷš
һǮ
ᰡ׼˵ļٵģ
ǮǸʲô󴨴󶼴Ϊʱһ³ȥһ࣬ǵǿȸҵÿĻһᡣ
⻹һͥһµ룬Ϫһһ±Ǯһڶһ±нʮǮһ˼һˡ
⻹ֻ꣬ԶֲǰµĹǮúøºÿǰǮɻõĻǮ
ǰᣬǮ
Ⱥһը˹ۿ˼ˣϪøϽȻܻʧء
ȻҶǶҸ׺ǱճʱڵĴ£ʱǻѡȡʮˣһҲȥú룬ĪҪ̫嶯
⻰ϪŰתţĹ˴ţԶ׼Ķ档
ܿһţ׼εź𣺡Ƕ𼱣𼷣һǱ֡
һȵԶ̲סˣ˭ӽˣĵĶ˵ˣ˻𣡡
Ϫ̲סЦ粻ûԺúһˡ
Ϻϼˣ̲סĵͷɣ
İɣҵɤţʮģʲô£˵Ҳͷæأµġ
Ҳǣþû˵ˡ
ԣа׼Դ˲ܳûɵģǻˡ
ҲٵͷЩʵϪĻаɣ
ϪƣЦֱɵ̫Ưˣ
õϪĿ϶˽ϲɫϪͷߣ׷˵ǵš
ĺгĻңγĶԱȡ


123 
佼ҵĴһֱҹͣ, ʼſڵˣ֮½½˲ˡ
Ҳһֱſڹþòȥ, ȥЩƷҪϪͨһµˡ
ܹ飬Ϫ˵ЦĹ滮֮ƻ׼ԶҹŵÿջЪЪ
壬ˣԵҹɡϪк˹ȥϢ
˴æڣһڣһֱ˲Ϫ˵Ļ֪Ҫʲô, ȻôߵĹǮ
ңЩôôĥˣǿˡ׼˵ʱɤӶƵģüͷ, æ˱ˮ
Ϫ, 㵽ʲô, ЩôͻȻһ¶, ˵Ҫ⣬˵, ǮЩҲСԶɤӲ׼ö١
ϪЦЦ, Ҳָָ϶ˣڵⶼǵĹ͡
ǣԶ׼Ŀ͸һ˿, Լʲô, , ûôš
ǾС˰ɣǺ˵˵ǺúÿۡϪ˵
ϪĹ϶ҲͦЩ˵ǰľ
ϣϪͺ˵ˣ˵ǽϪ˶ţǶ˵ǲù̫࣬һվɾǡ
ô˾佼ſڣһϵĴȻ󴨴Ѿ˾֪Ͻֶʡ
Ե˽ֻ֮ЩүǴű˼ҵʻ һüŮ˹
Ů֮˵ļɣ϶˿̫ˣϪǵҪܼ򵥡
Ҫô˶֪ڿ˶ҴܺãζʱŷϢȫ˵ķˡ
õ϶˽հŲƷȻܿǰѯʡ
϶˵ĿİͰ͵ĲԸػӷȷ佼ҿ϶д
Щƶ׷ʣ϶װסĥ©˿ڷ˼ңĩ˻ǧ˲Ҫ˵
Խǲ˵ϢʹԽǿ죬ܿһʮʮ٣ϪҪ˵Ϣ㴫˽ͷβ
ҪûʲôҲͰˣֻùһӣϪҲ׼һ㣬϶˵ʱ͸¶һεޡ
һ˾ǸоͲһˣһ˼˲ǰһ佼ǰộôǮ˫۾ġ
ϪҪˣǿ϶Ǻò£סˣϪкһ֮ⲻȥҲɡ
ֻҪһ˶ܿ˶˺󣬷׷׷еŤ佼ңһ
Զ׼棬ʵû뵽ƽŮ˼ҳôõЧɱ֮ǰƻķöˡ
ϪһΪʲôʮˣǲ˵Ҳʮ𣿻˵ԽԽá׼ʳʵ
ԭʼô˵˸һλˣǾһ
Ͼտʼϸµã˵һԱʵ֮ǾȻյڶԱɡ
ϪһķԶŽ⿴Ƽ򵥵ļƻôĿϪĵʵʵ̾
Զе׶˶٣ԼŮĿ⸴Ӷ¿ʼʳ
ڶգϪһڵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵õʱǰСʱڵĴΧˡ
һϪ˵ĳ֣Ǿζèһʱ֮䶼Χ˹͵յĽ
вմʧˣǴض˵ܲڲϪһʱ֮䶼Щ
һξְķãϪ˲ȫȫβ˵ǰͷΰںãſʼʽ
ʱѾɸѡѡһϸǵĴˬĺ˵һѡѡ
·Լֵ˶ʱϲʤ׷׼ΧԼļ֮飬ûѡĵĲʣСֹ
ԼĲвǰʼҹĽ飬˵Զ˲
״Ϫһ̵̣ǳ˰̵֪ҴùͷҶ
Ϫ˵һϾ˵ʥϣʥϷ˻̵١
⻰һǸɴ˫ۣ֪ϪϾ˺ô˴ƾԴҲ벻С˫ʮϪȻ˸߸ϵӣ˻̡
Ϣ̫˴ﲻϪĻҲϵķӦϪóһµľУҿָɫʲ˵
ʥµּ
û뵽ϪȻóʥּδ̵󴨴׷׻¹Զ׼ԥŴ¡
ϪþգֽʥּպãڴһҲˣϪֽΪʼ£ܷңҸ׺Ҳǰҡ
ѡҲ״˺¸õΣδѡҲЩò˵Щ¸ò
ϪϲŭȴµķͷĺǴ̹ǡ
Χ˶ˣߺŻϵҲΪԼô
ô˱ǺͻʼԣʥԣǾоҲá
ңϪﻰ˼ҲεˣҪʹϵҲǺϪʡ
ǻϪڴǺ̬ȣԷ鷳ǰ御ﻹ˸ǰʹϵ
ʱ˾ĿĹһ˸Ҳѡ˻һЩˣɢԻȥˣûѡӻùǡ
ʣµʮˣһ˷ܵĵϪϪ׼кʾ¾ͽˣҪȥæˡ
׼ʾȥɣǼ⣬ҲϪŰȥ
ϪԺһֱԶԶ߻ļ˴Ӱ˳
ĿȺۼĵط˫ĬĬתؼңɫķ·ܵγī
Ϫһջȴر
Ͽô緢ŵԶȴβͻ±˿
ôСط紵ݶܴۣܿҶ֪ˣĸ֪Ϣڵʧ䣬Ĵʹ
˱οȴڱЦ ʱܵĶԴˣûʧԣһУ
ܲ˵Ŀ⣬͸¶ϪϢתߡ
ǲͬǣϪȴ£ǰݺݵĳһͷһбӦöģġ
ϪԽ⣬ԽǷŭеĻ𶼿콫մˡ
ģ


124 
Ȼ˵ʱ䶨, ϪȥϺεľƻγѡַ, ǰڵ飬Աѵȵ̫Ҫæ
Ϊ˷Ϫʱסϣ󴨴еԱлӸԶ׼ԸȽ֪ʶ
ǰϵĴڽӣѧʶˮ׼β룬γ»֪ʶҪеġ
Ȼ˵ʱע⵽һ㣬ǱϾ, ͳһѧϰһµĺã̵֪ʶ̫ӣʱԡ
ѡʮϹĵһ¾ǶϰʱҲǴĳǵϣǶѾǺͯ, Ҫĺϰ, ЩԸ
ΪӸ㲻Щ˵ԶҪæ, ȴӰһľվЩǰ, ̧°ѵˡ
ҪΪ͢Чô£ֶʶȫ, ˵ȥǲЦ
Һ佴󵱼ʦͬ, ǵӵʦ£ô̲, ǿ, ǿ, ǾõʥҲˡ
һؽһأ˵Щˣﻹа㲻ΨΨŵŵӦˡ
׼ȵĿԼĶӣ˭뵽ǰֻѧϷˣĻСӣ
תһ룬ԼĶ׼ˣСٻı¾ѧɲţҲײרˣҲǹ˵ôͷͷǵ
ȴû룬ϴǳĻӻһתͻȻɫε˵Ҳ״ҲףǿϺúѧұȥʹ󵱼˵ʱչǮ㡣
⻰һﻹ˲ǻϲصӦˡ
һһǣԭϪ˵ʱ乤Ǯģȴû뵽㷽˵ڡ
׼ۿͻȻЩʪĳϢˣǸͷԵɵСĳˡ
Ϫܷİ齻ӣһȷʵ鲻ΪʹûԺһ¡
һ׼׵ҪۣҪţСѪԵȴ׵ܵһ㣬ҲϣԷɾ͡
㰴ͰĽţϪĵ죬ʱ佼ҵĴţŰݷá
ԴӻϪûϼ˵ӰӣҲЩɻ󣬱˽
һű۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˼ĺˣֻһΪϪݵʹѡ
Ըͷһ£Ϫ˫Ҳֻѹ˼ǧ԰׵á
ϪʱæĲɿûҳ飬ֱ˵ŵʲô
ųһϪüͷ΢΢֪ǶԷͷ֮һҧͷ˵⡣
֪˷æҲ֪ʱͬգʣܷıݲ¡
ȱžܾң䲻͸磬ҲСʦϰҲʶü֡
游״꣬Ҳ̫Ҳʲô߹ٺ»֪⽫г·ҲһӴ棬Ҹᡣ
žȻ⵹Ϫ֮⣬Ϊ߰ӣǲ˵ͷģ벻
ʱԷȷʵ仯ܴ֮ʣƽĶŵǰе˺̫ˣǸȷʵǸ֮š
˵ãıݲûҲκŴһаְֽ
Ϊûô׵õϪͬţϲʤ̧ͷظ֤ԼƾԼıġ
ſϪȻ˵κŴʮ֮ѾԶ׼Ĳˣжˡ
Ȼ˵Ļ˵ˣϪҲûбҪ⣬˼˵ȥһӣԷ֮İš
Ϫÿһ޲õãʱҲæµдҴҹȥܿ¹ȥˡ
ϪεĺԭǴڰϽеģǿǵǰڵıԹǾһͽСҲá
ڼϪȥݷ˵ʱǾ߹ǺֵĵطʬǴأҲ͵ڵΪλȥľ
ʱĲͱϪ̴ţǸһ˴ְ㣬Լл
ڵϴһһҹٶȻʱѾĵģɷнµĿϪһȥôԶĺ֮һж⡣
Ҳ̹˾ʹ˳ʽ򣬲ŽϪָ˵ϡ
ϪҲҶ˵ʲôֻܺ˳ŶԷĻӦ£ܲ˵ǰٻȺ͵ǡ
Ҫ˵ĻһȫǰĹͣϪн죬һ˰ſʼȻ仯ġ
ʱ䰲Ϫ֮󣬼ϪæĽŲմأﲻʲôæҲԷԼģǺϪкȻغд죬ȹʱٻ
ϪԼ̫æ޷ʱʱչ˵ҪԼõĺܡ
ǧʱԣԼһÿձȥѰϪ㲻УҹɫĿͰǱ뺣С
ѡַȷεľ岽迪ʼг̣Ϊ˸õĿչټʱϵ
ֻԼһ˵ϣϪְֵĸߴεĹԭԲٵ˿ʼʵʲ
ԭϪʱĶСҪʼеıͲɿһ·˺ü
ϪҲ÷飬ٴȷֵһ˾ôڵݱæš
µڵϽ˼׵ķݣªȴʱЪŴպѡĵ밶߲Զʻ
ܱܵĹĶãʱǻϢй©ȥʵʱǻ˵Ŀӡ
Щ˵ӴžǺڴˣǱбĵ˻У֮һ˸ɴʱڵϣصĴ
˶˳Ƴ֮һ˲뵺ʱ˶ȥһȦ
ԴһµԱǣԸԳ쵽˸Եĵһн꣬ʱϲЦտĻؼҫȥˡ
Ҳʽһ˵õһֱϵûȥ֮ϣʱƤڻˣĵɴ۾涼ڳ㡣
㣬⡣  ֪ȥˣ֪ĻΪǵ̨ˡ
Ϫ٩˼䣬ʼʱ仢ӵĹɹеοȻԼѧϰ̱ˣЧȴԴ˳ɹ⡣
뿪ôã佼ҵ·ӵػҲѾ£ȻĸϹ֣ʱסڸõڡ
һ׼ŻȻһµԱϫγʽˡ
һºİʱ֣Զ׼ؼҵ·ϣſվӰ߽ϸ־òˡ
̨


125 
γ, Ϫ󴨴鿴佼ҵʩչס, ϪסϣΪԭϺҲסϣֻԶʱЪϢ
һжźõķǰϪĸо̤ʵҹҪʱԶסһ
ԭҲûʲôʱȥϪܾʲôԾ
ϳ, ܻԼ˵ҳԶҲǰͬۼγ£Ů֮֮ǰϵǢ˲١
ǽϳԶûп, ʱʱĽһĿ, ȻֿϪڵĵط
ôԵĿ, Ϫ, ôֲᷢˣֱصϣ֮, Ϫʵûĵڡ
, ʲôγʲô⣿һˣʲôֱ˵, ⾡紦⡣
ǰصŮ, ׵, ǷԼˣȻôİ˼˴Զüͷصĵ̾һ
ϿԼ๫˼Ҳǵ͵͵̾˿ǳĿ˿ڣγ£Ҳһжãֻǰϣϼ㸸ס
ϼңк£Ϊţ
Ϫɻüͷϼҵϵֻ࣬ʣγţջԶԶĿԷ
žԼʱ˵һ㣬̤ʵڿѧӲԹˣʱʱһЩԼγܴһӭ
Ϫʲô⣬ѲӳͲߣҲҲϡ
ڻϻӴ򿪺˵Ҳʹ죬ܿϪɻ
ϪɻǵϾǰ£ϼ˵ס
һ⻰Ϫüͷšĵ˲õԤС
Ҳ˵ҲԸҲ˵Ѿף𣿡
ԶüͷһȭԼϣƵĺһ
Ϫ״׷ʵô£Щ˵
ϸ̾˿˵ʵġ
ʱӣΪ˺Һ㸸˼Ըգǿ¶Ҷûкô㸸ױȥˡ
ɵʱҵҲ֪ģϼҲδκʧ̬֮ҲǫͣʼҺ㸸׶Ų£Ӧҡ
£㸸ױ͵㣬Ǽϼ
ʱãǱʾԸһֲϼҺǲԸ󽩳ֲ£һÿµ
˵ǲųɻ飬Ȱ¶£˼תˣʱٳҲУŵ㸸ף㻹ǲԸˣҲͲǿ󡣡
ϼҲǺ˼ңˣҺ㸸Ҳֻ˿ڣӶǲת⣬ϼҲϲꡣ
ʱף˳ˮӦ˱ǡ
תһҪȥˣ֮ǰھǣæĲɿϼҲδ£Ƕ¸ˣϼȻˡ
˭룬ǰϼٶţһ£˵뾡綨
Ϫɫ˵ָĸĻϾ֮ǰǳڶĹģΪȥ˵ͷҲȷʵŮҲвԵĵط
ԼŮ˵֪˿Ȼв죬ȴǰ㷴Ӧңӵ̫ࡣ
Һǲͬ⣬ϼȴſָƶΪھ˷ͣƲϼңɥĵ¡
˵ҲԽԽ죺ʱ˭Ҳû뵽ϪĳϢҲǹϼҵӣδ׵º˵𡣡
񣬴˶֪ŵ£ϼָǣҲϡͿľ˻
ϪɫԽˣҲֻһˣ㰲һȥ಻аԹԡ
ָܽ˵Ľ٣ϲǮϡ
ϼ˵ƶȴǹһԭŻǰᣬָġ
ϻ಻֮ϣԼĸĪе۵㡣
˰ΣϪ̽ſڵϪǾ㣬˵δı⣬Ǻã
￴ƺҲͬˣǰһϾҲγнģǲǣ
ܸı⣬µҲ
ϵĻû˵꣬ͱϪˣĪҪ˵ˣǲıģҲ˵Ρ
ϼɣ޹ȥаӹ
ϱ뿴ûתأȻϼҴ˷˷ŭ⺢ȴǾò
Ϫ˵ĻҲǵ㵽ҪŮϢοҪȥôһԽ˳
ϼҵǹ֣㻵Ժˣһң˭һסһĳ̾Ȼǵųˡ
Զ˿Ҳһ½̫ԣɽ档
ϪܣȴǾͷһůԼĸűܼ֡
ĪҪģҲ˵û˼ңҲûϼҵĻ飬ָƶûʵݣǾרԼ±ǡ
ԺҴϾʱ㲻ڴ˴ˣɵȥ˵Ҳôˣûһġ
ϪĻɫ룬Ϫ˵еϪδ˼ң˵ƶ֮˵
ԺǼҵɾͣԻףϼҲ˼ȡȡ
ϪͷɫطʱЩģŲһ٣˵һ䣺ˣҲЩ
ƮƮ⻰Ϫ˱ѾʧУȴԶ˵ɴ˫ۡ
˻棿ǿ̫ˣϪϾʱʶļҳɫСɾҾ˵ϪҪģģҪѧʶѧʶ׵˶̤Ǽҵż
ԶҲ¶Ц⣬ӦѹѾͷ˵ҪϾԭ⡣
Ϫһ仰˵еĴʯ´룬²Ͼ¡
ϪפƬ̣ĻصԼԺӡ
һ·صԼԺӣϪԺվòݣ̲סڵС㣬ҪҪȥС
ϪĬƬ̣ĿӰķջأ̧ŽԼӣˣѰġ
̲һ˿ɻԺ˼ҡͷԼӡ
ݵڴ֮ϣϪۿ΢΢ᣬе˼ӿȥҰǰ˼һᱻԼĲ죬뽫˵밲ʱһҲṣͷ
ڻ䣬ͷϪţȴʲô˻ˡ
ɻ䣬ֻһӰͷߵϪŷ˾¶಻ɺ
ɺϪĹϵѰͣôദɺΨһһ֪ر֮ˣɺϪԶ˼иУñط˽Ļϲ
Ϫ̧ϴЦĿɺԼǰЩп˵ڻˣҿҪϰ㲻Եˡ
ɺҲû뵽ԼϪˣԭڲ֪УϪڵĵطԼĹһ׼ʲôо
С㣬һˡ


126 
Ϫ˵ͷ, ʾɺ˵һǰһϪ鷿
, ҹΪôհٻ
Ȼ²Ϫߣɺȴδ뿪һƵƵ¯ȻϪǰ
ˣЩڹͬ絲סҵġ
һɺű֮ǰ˲٣Ůȥ˴, Գĳ
ƼҲûô򵥣ǲǽƽĲ˳ʲôˡ
˵£֮ǰܰ˼, 뼯о, Ϫʾɺվ, ˵ˡ
ɺ, ʼϪһν
ʵϷ࣬Ϫ֤ԼĵһЩ뷨
Ϸʵ򲻴һֱάϵֻΪûкñӡ
Ϫ㽫鷻ƳС˵, ΪӽϷݡ
С˵ù, Ҫ밴Ͱȫ겻ǲУⲻֽ׶θ, ǵ, Ϫһ·ӡ
ǾֻȡС˵ƪĿƬ, ԼС˵ּصƬδһ𣬽Ƭλıݡ
ϷӵǵһյҪ󣬵ıݷҪݴѹҲչֻҪ»
һԴʱ䣬ֻҪͿԴﵽ̨ݳЧ
ϪҪϷ汾ȻʼڵؽѵݣЧ
ȻķʽÿݳʱǳĶݣѵģʱҪ̣˽ܵĳ̶ҲƬ̵ĹһҲġ
ڱݵĻʹδйĳºӰ죬ǻµ׽ʲôֻʲôķչֵĵǶԹµĺĺ֪
ʱıݣʱ׳С˵۵Ϣ
ڷǰ֪ǶС˵Ľ̶ܳȣҲԽЧߵ㡣
ϪϾ£ɺ˹ɺȥ¡
γԺӻĹǣ鷻ҪڰнУϸɺǸʺϵѡ
һεҲϪɺһˣֻṩ˼·ʵʩ͵ҪɺԼ⡣
Ҳûộֻɺһκ͵һ֮½ӸԶھǵ١
˺µˣڱݺץס͵ֻҪӵĿռ䣬󼸺ġ
ɺ޾ϸĸϪ⼸£⣬Լ˼ݵȵȡ
˵ɺĿϪϪɺ¼µĸֵһ¶һЦݡ
ĺܺã֪㶨ʧ㻹ԶԶĳҵԤڣҺܸ½ȥ졣
µĽϪ⣬ڳڵЧͿԤδС˵ʱжôܻӭ
ɺ¶ϲɫ¶һֱѹĴ󣬳ҹߣòʱľϪô
ܾԼĲãµʱϪϻḡֳʧı飬佼˸飬һƷζĸܡ
ҸлرģɺϵЦûά̫ãݴӻóһš
С㣬ʵôŻһԭ򡣡
еŽϪɺ˵ķԸСڰͣ˽Ϸ⣬СĿеõһϢ
ΪӣҲӶԣС㻹ǿС˵ġ
ɺģϪӦòʲôϢ
ϸϸĿдţϪüšһĸֹǲõϢϪԼֱ
ڻ·ϣԼӴҲһЩƵķɺСĵĲ
ϪǣĬƬ̺˵̣ȥء
ɺδ»£ϪĶǰźϪߡ
ǰʰɺֺʵԶŮĴҴң뿪ѯʡ
Ϫ˿ûͣ˼˦һ䣺ȥһˡһ˱Ѿ˴š
һ·ͣҹϪûü£žʹ򿪣ֵź
ƺ£ĸۡϪʱڵһʱõӦ
ּ˵ǹ߳ûж˵ʲôĴ˽ȥȻ󿪿ڵ鷿
Ϫ˵ͷɺһ·ȥ鷿ȴûʱϣǲĺһ˹ȥ
ԱߵĲݴһĨӰϪȥȴڰϱһУС׻ҪȥϪأȴвٶ
һ鷿Ϫ߿ݵĴ̧ͷȻ֧
ʲôˣ
Ϫ˿Ҳ侲˿˵ϢͻȻʼԵļ۸еΣѾﵽ൱ֲĸ߶ȡ
٣ο󿪲ɲףٶһʱ֮ܶൽȥ΢΢üϪôżȻûô򵥡
ȷʵһ۵ĲΣƱͨ͵ļ۸񹺵ƱֻҪƾеƱͿԶһΡ
Ǻ֮»δʽʼۣǲ֪μۻͣ񶼻ٵ˲ٵƱ
ǵγѾ죬ÿղκǿɹۣһǵλδۣˡ
βܵĻպĿԹһ°˳Ҳƽ
üͷ˼ƬϢԴǷɿ
ŵù
°鷿ⲽܿ˾ϣصǰʿʼ顣
£ȴ̽һĿǰγˣĪϢֻţϣ鵽αнˡ
Ϫͷ¼ãĪΪһͷţжԷ»
ת뿪ʱ޲˫ֻᣬس˼
֮ϣɺҴųĬϪûʲô¿ѵС㣬Ǵ¡
һ·ԻصУϪ鷿ĵƳҹδʱһŲ鷿̵ķŴ
±ȥǺţϢȷ䣬㽫͵˵ĵط
Ϫ߻֣̱ĵ뿪
ߺɺźϪϴʱϪ͸ĸкһЩӣɺȥγ
ɺԭίϪϤһµγĻ󣬰ѻӽе˸ǰ
Ͷ˶Ҫգ̫ڴڼʲôм¶ҪɶרУʵԾ񣬱ȥѰ
Ӽ״Ϫʲô£ɺˣ˱ֻա
磬ϪϢʧˣû֪ȥġ


127 
յĴƽͰ, ϼں֮Ĳƣչ᳤Ż, Ϫڼװ֮ϣſԼ˼
ûгŽɺĴֻԶƮȥаһֻݡ
ǰģ˵ϪںѰֻҪźݣ
ϪһȻ󽫺ݷߣƵĳڴ֮
Ƭ֮Ϫɵڶϣͷõĸ, 簲˿߳һ㡣
һеֻݵһУΪϪ֪ϽӭһӲ̡
ĿӲǺ״̬ҲǷ֪, Ϊ, ȴΪ˸κδۡ
̶һյĹ, ϪҪĶ̫, ҲֻǰսȻӦµʱ׼, ʵʱ, ⲻðЩ⡣
ʱ̣Ժֻһͷ, ǾͰһ, ֻкͰһ, ЩƺأֻһЩ˵С鷳
һ뵽ϪЩյüͷΪʲô֣˿Ƭ̶ˡ
ڽĹĶţϪҲһ̣ˮզɫĹâˮ棬лһĻߣˮС
Ӱڴַ֣߳ŴϪк
ݡ
δ˵꣬ԴǿƵǱס˰Ĵ࣬ݼţܿ컯ˮ⡣
ϪԼ˳Ÿо٣ӱˮûʱۣǰĻôİ
ˮγܱյĿռ䣬еĸйһ̷ŴϪ΢΢׾ٵı˶Ȩ
Ƭ֮󣬿ӿǻϪʸڰļͷڵĴ϶˵ң㣬룬롣
ļõĲĲϪգҲԷ
֪Լ˿̵ӹڽˣϪ˶ȴû֣˼ˮĽβ˫ȣϪ˴
ϴ̹ԵİϪıۣҲѾϰһ̣ĴӴó򵥵ĻϣȻ»صϪߡ
䣬ϪϽϡ
Ϫɾ붬ʪ·ɲġ
Ϫͷ·ȥոŶߵĦ֧Դָڴ֮ϻš
·˲ڼװ֮ϣҹˣ紵ֱ£Ϫ˴֮С
ֲͷҹɫյŴһ룬Ȼ봬̺õı죬̧ͷͷǿա
ԣ֮У紵룬ϪӣԼԥ˽˰ĻУʱоů˲١
ֻǰԭδúô£ж´ϪĶ΢΢⶯͵͵վͲˡ
ǲʲôԴ˽ʶ֮⻹ǵһηôã˿̾ǰٽҲǸ֮¡
˾㰲ţ˭Ҳûж˵ʲôðһ㿪ʵϪڿĵ𣿡
ϪЩίڰļͷƵӦŰұ㻶ϲ
ûٴһûһµḧϪͷĸк
ĸϪڲ֪г˯ȥ
һϪʱ˯õһΣ۰֧ԴԣҲ˵ֻ繵Ŀ
ϪЩȵж˶㣬ΪԼŵĺЩ˼
ûж˵ʲôɺúϪͷͷʵʲôĵˣ
ϪۣðΪ·գҲ˾ΥĶʱ⣬ֻҡҡͷ˵£ԭҪȴȥ˱ҡ
۾գգû׷ȥ·ãȻϪ
¶ȲϪ˸£ȴ˳ӵɰİڲ
߳գϪŷֲ֪ʱǵĴһδĺ⴦С󣬾ɫȴƯ
ϪЩĴȴͻȻоűһʶһţְȻΪЬ
ʲôԼˣ
ȴû֣ϪЬϺֱۣƤգգۡ
ôûһϪִġ
˵ⰲɤѹ˼ָ֣˵¶ϪĴˡ
ֺʲô
⣬ôһŶۣʱ㲻ᴩ£ҲΪʾһֲ׶
ϪĻδ˵ָ꣬Ѿϣü˵ɾͲɰˡ
ϪȻδڵĻֻʻضУץ´ߵպãεˣֲˣСˡ
Źԡü䣬ЦϪա
Ϫü΢Щֹﶼ߳ΪĻ
ûиϪʱȥ
Ϫ˴ƽֲ£Ǹ˾ӵĺסʰ˴λںδλòΪԺ󶨾ӵıѡ֮һ
ţϪʰҪȥδ
ǰͷȴͻȻҹˣȥ㡣
ţ
ϪɻӦһϰˣô֪
ҹȥҹŹңǲʱˣϪӦ
ôڼеңֻ⺣ϣ
ҡҡͷ²ͣٶ𣺡ҼϪˣϪδҡ
ϪҪų𣿡
⻰һϪʱͣ˽ŲˣѹҪҪ
ԭΪź£԰ûѡĬ뿪
ĪҪᣬ֮ͣ䲢ް⣬ΪһЩᡣ
ʼֻһˣˣ಻䣬Ҳκ˳ӣ֮ˣΨ
ҡ
ػϪļ٣޲ðͳαʱȴǻͷЦЦûаŭ֮ɫ
ϪҴ㿴Щ
Ϫع֪ʱϵһٲǰٲ㲻ôˮҲǴµľۡ
ɻ䣬ϪٴŲٲȥϪ𾪵ĿУǴˮٲͷ
ȻиȻγɵɽͷǰ㿴Ҳ֪ηֵġ
ϾȥЩټɽУϾѷĿ˵ĽʯвϪδʲϪۻҡ
⣬ǴӺδģ
ɿ֣ϵһصϪԣͷϪϡ
ںĴѰڣ£ģԭٶһЩٺ˵ġ
Ϫϸ֮ϣԵ÷ʣûɿ֣˫ϪԼ֮ϡ
дһЩͲ̧ۿϪ˵ϪĶ㣬ҪǲĻһҡ
Щ˲ĶҲҪģҪǮҸ㣬ˣҲչ㡣
ܲܲҪס
޸ңҸƸ񡣡


128 
ͻľ˷, ϪЩãȻۣȻֿ˿Χһ, ÷Ĳʵ
ӰнֳأȻڰڴĿУصԼϡ
ɽԵø޴󣬰ĳͣ޴ĿϪӡ
Ϫʲôö˶˵ΪʲôԼʹʹ
ϪԼȷŷŷһжģЩ㶵˵Ӧײǣôðȡ
˵Ϫڶش϶ѷŵĲƱ, һյǰƸҵûضټױŲʧ񡣡
Ϫ㷲Ϫһת£ײ˸
§Ϫ䶯ϪĿЩĲҲҪƸ, ֻҪϪͺá
Ϫֱӻ, , ЩƮ˵, Ƹұ¼ױӦ
Ȼ, Щջȥ, ƸЩļױ
ϪЩƮ, üͷ, Щյ˵ʱ, ʾŴ󻶣ôܲΣ
ţ˵ʲôʾ󻶣ҲͰˣʱǵʧ¡
Ϫ𾪵ĿŰȫװôԼĿߣȻʱ棬ԲѺõȷʵкܶʧĵط
԰ʼնСģ֮ǰ˼
ֱս粽õ˵ʱϪ˵Ϫڴ󺣵ģǴ󺣵ŮǴ󺣵Ϫ˵Լڴ󺣣˵ҡ
Ϫһ㶣Ժȷʵμ䣬߳˵Ľܴʣ뵽һ컹ᱻ⡣
ҲϪ꣬Ѿ˵ˣУżı֡
βǰ֮󻶵źš
Ļһ㣬һһըϪĶߣ˾Ĵԭء
˵ʱʱ򰲵ıܾöԷźһ˼ֻǰ˼Ѵδϣ뵽ΪЩԵɡ
Ϫడ֪ĹأҲδ˵ЩҪô˵֣Ϊ
Ǹ
Ϫ˫³仰ȻԺг˶ݵĿհףֻɫĶŴİֲΪ
״ЩǵĿϪδϪ⸱ӣͺʲôһ㡣
Ϫû°ɣ
˻ϪӣϪعԼǸͻȻһ
Щأ׵ѽʶ񣬰δֹΪ롣
˵ĻһʼԼһݸ
ǴӺʱʼҵģϪЩ˼Ŀѯʵ
㲻֪Һ˵ô飬Ȼǳϲɫ̹Ȼ˵˿֪Լ⻰Ŷɱ
Ϫɫͨ죬ĴƮһǼŬĻȣαһ䣺⣬
˵ֻۿǰϪ׿ʼԷı־һֱ֣˿ȻЩá
ɿϪ֣촽߲˵㲻Ըޣ͡
˵Ըˣǻȴ˵ڣôϲǰˣֻǶ˵˵Ҳﲻᡣ
Եøٶ۵Ϫعζˣǣ֣ģԴİ͵˵˭Ը⣬ǧٸԸ⣬Ҳǵһαףмɬ㶼𣿡
ģɫתЩȷĿϪ
ƭˣ֮ǰѾǸһ𣿡Ϫںƭ
ϪǸô㣬ҸԴӦģ֪Ѿһʱؾǲ
ңаòӿ˵СңҲڶˣǲŹġ
㣬ˣӦ£ɲ޵Ļᡣ
ڻ¶Ц⣺ŲᣡֻҪϪͺãʲôҪ
Ϫۿ΢ɬ̲ס˳ӣϱӶʲôǧĴˣȻô
ϪôǲﲻϪᣬҵ˵
ϪҡͷȥϵˮضСĵڰǡ
£Ҳ̫ˣ̫ϲ㡣

Ϫһβܾ͵ûذ϶ţǣ»ص˴ϡ
ɽôƱҪѲٹɣϪŰ֣ͷϡܿһЩǰ˿µĺۼپ۲ѡ
£ͬѰ˼һŶۣȥࡣ
֮УҶΪҿĵطˣô죿´Ҳôˡ
§Ϫĸ첲һۣϪָЩ˵ûϵǲҵģܸ࣬ȻҲܸ㣬ôΪί
Ϫ浹ڱ֮ϣаٸнииŵ˵ˣˡ
Ϫˣоƣһ⻰ˣĿڴѰ
ϪʧЦһͽ˰ľƣҲֻǸҪ̽̽ڷ硣
İϪüһôȾˣƵãԺҶȾƣͬ⣿
ʵϪ˵⻰Ҳ˵ģǾƶѣǰʵ֮£ż̰Ҳ¡
۾תţҲһ˵УҪȣһ־һҪȡ
˵Ϫ̧ۣ̬ȻδǿӲʲôƣִţ
ʲôƷǺȲɣ
Цͷ·Ϫͷ䣬Ϫ£ͷһʱϪĿ֮ǰգһ¶Ե÷˽
Ű󺣰𽥷ұϪĶ˰ĵĵ
ȻϪҹģơ
ĩˣָϪͦıĶ֮ϣš
δǻͺϪĶ֮˽ҲˣϪҲҡ
Ϫǰ˵ҪҸΪֵ£ʱ֣
죬Ϫ֣ǺĳƬ̣ԭ롣
ʲôطǴ˿ںϵһڣͷž밲һ޸ĸ֮ý֮ԣ뷢չǷ񲻺ϣ
ϪգۣСʥ֮һһԺٻҲһԺ֮µ˵
ǣ밲뾭ѵ֮£ȥЩϸ֦ĩʲôĶʺǵġ
֮ϪѾϰĲʹԷԼ
ڣұ㡣


129 
ҹĴ󺣸, ֻ渧ǳǳƣֱָֻ, ͺһˮ
ȴһ֮Ĵֻٽƽҹ
Ļζʱʱн࣬ˮڴ˵˿̵飬ĵૣú֮µȺǴҡ
ͷӬһڴشתڷĥĳ벻׵£˿ϪĴԡ
붬ҹӦǺ, Ϫ˿ȴʢ֮УȵϢЩ֮Уָ䣬˿˿
˲ʵ, Ϫ΢΢һ, üҵͷԺ, ǹõĻȡ
Ǿô˿Щ, һЩѯʵвʣü˵ͷҡҡ, 
Ϫͷ, սĿļӡЩʲô, ϶˵ʼЩ, , Ҳ֪øˣӦϲġ
Ϫҧ˼Ƭ̣׵࣬жʱоͷ߳⡣
ɵ˫۴ĿЩѰϪڣỽϪ
ûз֣˿ңԵø⽿
ϪʱӦڡ˵յǰԿԼ
Ĳ΢ȻϪݱȥ΢΢
Ϫæ˿ЩգԼ˵ĸȰѧѧŮѧЩ˿֣˿̶Ȼࡣ
Ƭ֮ϾȥЩϸ֦ĩڣδ֪仹Ⱦķ羰
յİȻĶǣ˿ȴǵʧֽ崿ͷŵ֮ìܸУǰҪ
ÿһĴϾԣһϵͽÿһأԸ뿪
֮Ȫָ£СĵĿһСĻá
ĺ˼֣ʶҧסϪĴ꣬һղסֻʹԼֻо˶ġ
ϪԼϣйâʢһŰ֡
ĲһͻȻĺۣ÷ƣ
Ϫ㶵ĿԼֳҹĹâ£ЩԵĹ
ۣץϪƹָ⣬˵֪һѧҹ࣬ҿѧʮʮ
ϪУ˳Ųոڻ֮£૵ҹȷŹ㣬Ǿͱ㣬ٻ¡
Ϫҧ˿̾ǲ˿ĵ¶ȳֱͦˣЩεƹˤŶԸĨˣҲ⸶СϢ

𣬺¶֮ڣϪʶӣȴомΪ˿ҲЮƣȻת
ҹһٶѣ䳳ѻеİ
˫Ŀǰ״ʱ¶΢ЦϷ䶯׵ջ˻ķ
Ϫֱӣɤӿڵ˵Ļɡ
šĵӦţȴ
˿ѣĵĻϲ͸еԣָмѡ
ƫм־ܵµؽ磬ɲࡣ
Ϫɫ죬ݿİ͵˵ûذϣ̫У´Ρ
һü ģڴнұ
ϪæȡһԵ·ϣĪҪ飬עЩĺá
ȴͷָϪ°ָͣĦЦҺõúܣҪ϶ߵģ˭ϲء
Ϫ֪Ǻ˼ɬƲۣҹ˵ƺת˹
Ϫı֣򴽽ǣЦϪ֪֪иϲĴʣǱǣշ
Ǹùŵʱ䣬ϪŰصУҹǾƲðһںϵġ
صʱǡɺţδİҲ쳣ˣϪ˵Ͱദʱ֮࣬ĹϵҲΪ
ɺ׼һ£ҺͰҪϴȲȥγˣЩʱҺһȥ
ɺȥţʱʳУŰϡ
λС㣬ϴԡһӦûδţȳһڡ
ɺһ˼ܵϪͷŻЩİߡ
ۣҲȵڣڼЪţһ
ſϣ˿ֻǿϪҪϪιңҹ˯٣ֵġ
ϪһʶɺǱ߿һۣԷֻǿŰеǵɫ漴
С㣬ҹδϢãҪҪȥϣҲ˯Щɺǡôѵ
ϪҪͷȴҡҡͷϪݹĳʳգ۵ˣСڱǴ̫ˣȻȥץ
԰νСӣϪ˶㶣عָķҵС׻
ʱմһﶼæǳ鷿ΪտϪˡ
㲻ǲϲСһôôͻȻ뵽ȥӻϪЦŸ˲졣
ֲ棬ȻˣϾҺһµģʱ򷢴ʱҲܴպϡ
ŬŬ죬üϪ˵Ҫ֤ɲվǱߣҡ
úúãȻվߣ˵е¶㣬ȻҾȥӻͱȥˡϪЩεЦЦ˭뵽С׻Ҳô
УҵȥʱҲڣ֪СҪôءһ֣ʾûء
Ϫ㣬ˣȻ֣ҲͲ˵ʲôˣֻСһҲû֣ܲһֱС׻ɣȡһ
СӡһĮȻ˵
Сӣⲻ̫ðɣϪ˵
ô˵ģվıߣšָϪĿڡ
ţСӱСӰɣϿڵҲϪüŰָ˳ЦЦ
̧ͷ漴ϪգɿһڣЦԡ
Ϫ˫ۣɺʶȤһֵȥ׼ˡ
㡤
ϪӦһڣסȥĻ֪ģɺûϵģڵʱһעġ
˵Ϫգգۣѯʵȵȣһϴ𣿡
Ϫ̾˿˰ΣԷһЦӯӯӣûӦһ𡣡
ϴһǰ֮ɺóһСҩ˵С㣬ҷ⵽㲱Щۡ
Ȼ붬óˣµҩඣҧЧԡ
ó涣ҧϪʶĸϲӣôûоʡ
ȴЦĸãӹҩյϪԣָϪڴЦɺģⲻǱĶҧģŪġ
˶ݵļžϪɺ֧֧Ĳ֪ô⻰
ɺǿ˵С㣬ص˸Ŀʽ¿ˡ
Ϫ׹ӦŶŶŶĺá


130 
լԺʱ, ŵĲ֣Ǳɳȥȥ, ̺ǾְԺУӭ
С㣬Ǽƻб𣿡ɻʵ
û£ǰ˵ҪС׻ǱչһˣΣϢ
δȵšҡҡͷ
˵䣬ֻʮĺһСأ
һ㶣ЩȷʵС, ںϣ
ϪεҡҡͷʱһӰԺ˳һϪڵķ
̣ץס
һתɵľͽС׻ھϪ벽֮ңĵط, , С
С׻ڰ, ĵĳϪ໽, ϪҪֽӹȴһ
СӣӴĺܰ, ôʰ㡣
, ̣С׻Ȼ, ȴڰº޷֮
˴ּ, ˳, С׻鷿֮УͻȻǰ뿪ǳʲô£û뵽Ϫˡ
ɻĿ򰲺С׻ڵĵط
ˣʱͼչˣСһߡϪǸ˵
ԭ£СЩʱգҵ˼ָ飬Ҳ֪ô£ⶼ¹ȥˣСһĸͷǲЩź˵
ŷ֣ٶǾˣôôôˣС׻ǺͳʱһС
СһЩ쳣ɽ֮Уδ˳󡣡
ߣֻѰèԴһЩҲͲעˡ
С׻ҲидѽǸǻ˭˵
Ϫ뿪ʱͷͻȻҴܽһˣһϪˣ˹
ǰһڼǰ˵Ҳûйľ̸ֹǰӲͣס˲ڵĴȻ۵Ĳᡣ
ʲô£ϪϳγĴˣ¶پá
󵱼ҵģˣ˵γ£ǿֵأСţҸϽ֪㡣
һ⻰˶ɫһ䣬Ϫڵȱ𼱣ͺһȥ·ǰǰ˵
Ҳǽ󣺡Һһȥ
ȥ󴨴·ϣ˽緢¡
֮ǰΪγԣϪ齫γں֮ϣԾ͵ȡģҲ̶ܴȵļ˲ٽ蹤
Ǻ֮ҪУΪ˱⣬͢ģ⺣Ϊγõء
´ǰ֮ǰҲǷƽ˾
ֱ磬ͻȻһ£ﲻƣ˵û֪ͨͻȻǿռ֮أ˵ԭ⵺ϴʲҪϵû
Ϫ֮ǰжϫγ²ţ󴨴嶼ǱңһǣԴ֪һЩģʱҲûж˵ϾϪôףҲһ
ȻֵЩˣһģͻȻ˵ҪϵһȻǲͬġ
ЩȻǳ˳ģһԲϱ˳ͻۿ鲻ãѰ˿϶Ͻ˰æ
Ǵˣ֪ʶ佼ģһ·Ѱ˹
ȥϪüͷڵڹϣͻȻð£ͷΣǵ˼֮±ϵ
°ͣͷĪţȹȥȣǱⲻ˳ͻҲ֣Ϊʦ㶵š
Ϫ֪òҪ鷢չһĻĪֺ֧ġ
ڿӱУϪ˺ܿ˴ֻͣŴδҵ
Ϫ첽ʹ֮ϣԭȥģתһҲȥֻǰͣһЩɺҡ
ϪûպͰּۻۣװѾòԵͷת뿪
߽ſµĴԼ߰ˣӺ׼һ赲Щ˵ȥ
֮ǰµͨˣû׼ǲֻ֣ܱ赲
µΪӵ˵ֹԽѾʼ
ۼƲסϪǰһʲôأҰ˶ץ
ϪԵøر𣬻һҵ˷뻮һŭһһ½µ˸סˡ
Ⱥ˼ƲʶȤ˼վһ飬û˶ȴݡ
ҾǣҪǶִˣǾȥ٣˵ѹ񣬵ʱҪǺÿġ
ҲûĶ֣Ϫû״ǰʵǾǺˣǹѰ£òŵ
Ǳ٣ھץǣֱȥ˭ֵá
ǼȻû뵽Ϫ̬ȱţһʱţĽߵǷǣǵĶڷһң治Ҫ
˵⼸˷׷׸ͣɷн´ض㣬˵ݺݵĳϪڵķ˿ĭ
׼ϪߣС˵ϪȺһµĵƦǽͨġ
ΪȽŲĿ׼ڷŵУεкüˡ
Ϫ뵽ǡýĸ׼γֱֳ֪ʲô
һ뵽⣬ϪֻолüʵúйٸĵģںڰľȥҿǹҵģҴ򣡡
ڻһʱǰеĳȺ˼״ȴͻȻһ֮ǰηģҧʼӭǰ
ϪüʯʱȺ˵ͼһ̧ʾ⻤ǵһ¡
ȺȻǴĿģϵ֮ϻ֪ʲôǺӲӲ˰ѱϣʱϫγ鷳ںͷ
׵ķǣ׼£ȺϵȥνʧȻٹٸʾ鷳
Ⱥ˽ĺԤףǿ׼һ㣬γ˲֪ߵܷȺ˹ȥ
ʱ̲֪ʱϪԣϪ΢΢üʵĹˣأ
̵ͷֻɵ˵һ䣺С˵С㲻صЩ˹ȥˡ
ϪҪ⻰ʲô˼ȴ˵С˵ֻҪС㿴һˡ
̵ĻϪɻĿԶĺ棬ֻ֮ϲʱԾһ˲ʱ˰˼
˼Ƭ̣˾ϣùԻеľ˵һĮȻ˵ǣǶҪ⵺ǲǣ
Ⱥ˲ϪôͻȻֿʼ̬Ⱥͻ˸񺰵ûֵܼҲҪָ
ãȻˣ㾡ȥˣֻ£йٸĵģ£Ƿȥǿ
ҪȥԼ뷨ӹȥǾƲְ֣⵺ûνĶʱҪǺÿ


131 
ϪһķŽŵ, ̬ͻȻһٰʮȴת䣬˶Էһֲ
Ⱥ˽ԭ, һʱ֮ҲҲǣʼС
ϪЩЦĿǰȺˣһں֮ڣûָ㲻֪ʲô
ȺУһνΪͦε˼֣ͻȻԵһѣſں˵ģʱɱ˵
վ˵Ⱥ˱ͻȻ׼˷һ, ĸš
ȺͻȻΪ˻վԭֺĶϪˣ⼸˿첽ת뿪ϪҲû
ܿ죬뿪˱, Щ˴ӲԶһľ, ׼
Ϫü, , ûɿڣЩǲǻѡ͵͵ƿǴӱ𴦵ǵ
뵽⣬ĬĬǿϽ䱸ճ̡
, ÿ, ˵ϵģԼ, û˵˰ɣýӵ˵
ϪҲûж໰, ̶˸, һ̧ʾɳ̲ŵ˶ÿ
׼֪ϪҪʲôĵ˵ϪôȺȥ
ﶼǵϣǳʲôô죿
ҪȻǵĴһȥٲãҲܺùɵš
Ϫ¶һЦݣʾ׼̫ţС壬ģϲȥġ
⻰ɲɸպȺ˸ȥЩ˵ɫʱֱϪߺ˵ﶮʲôǼСں
ŹĴ߹·࣬ǲУޣ
ӽͽúóۣ
ϪЦһţƤ˰ɣЩϵ˵ɣʱòס˴
㣡
ϪĻɹŭˣȺ˵ɴָۣϪ˵
̺ܲĵϪǰʱʣһ⣬Ĳ
ȺҲǰŭ˼ٴϪֽĽ뺣Уһϴ䡣
Ϫ治ɫĿţȴڰ˼Ⱥ˵һǳ
Ӧܱߴģ˱˵Ǯ£ʹץҲв̡
ֻ˳ˮϪü΢Ӧ㣬֮ϵĲһȦһȦĵ
Ϫۣ̲סϹִ±ǸĮȻӡ
Ѿϵϵ˳ϪһеĴζʮ㡣
ŴϵƣϪֶΧĻ˵ҲվˣҶЪЪţϾкϷˡ
ʹһСľʣϪһȹڣľ֮ϣڵĿŴȺˡ
Ϫģϵ˿ʼС˵
磬鲻̫԰ôȥһ㶼ż
磬᲻թ
ҪȻȥΪ
ˣתͷβվӣӾǷڰϺˡ
ҡҡͷõӦ󣬴ȵʲôȥ˭ǴСڴϳġ
ڱ￴νϿɹҲס
ֻ˵ʵڴҶԼļݴ򶼺ţ밶ôܳʲô£
ôţ˶Ǿӣ׼
ƽȵг׺׼ǲģҪٴοȰ˵Ϫȴ綴ͼ
ҡͷʾ׼Ҫ˵ˣĿɨΧֲ֪ʱӰ
Ϫ룬֮ͻȻ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
ֻԭƽǰʻĴֻͻȻͣԭز
׼˻ΪǴϵԼͣסģܿǱ֮
⴬ΪͣסģҲ˵Ⱥһϵ˷ʱ䣬⴬ǲͣҲ̫ƽЩ
㣬ûоЩԾԴɻʵ
Ϫû𣬷µ֧°ͣһϷӡ
Ҫ֪۴ˮ׼жߣֻˮǻˮƣ̶ȲһĻζ
ǴװˮҲһҡζûУοĴϡ
˲ǰɻ󣬴ϵ˴˿ȴǻһš
ǼΪڻ⴬߰˸׳ӣԽڼϿ첽ˣȴˮд粽С
λþǳ̲ףˮоɼˮҲ谭ô޶
磬⣬ô£
ӣ˭ȥ
ҿô꣬ûϹ£ǲײа˰ɣ
ȥѾģյײʲôаŲһŰȥȥ
ò֮һߵΪ׵ʵô£⴬ôͻȻˣ
ͷҲ֪ô£ɫѿ˵ǰȺ˶ֽţȥ
ߵ˼ۣδˮʲôףֻ⴬ֻ·äҧҧԴˮ
Ҳʱһֱ˿ĴͻȻʼҡ
ûΪȶĻζǴͣԭز˿ƫƣȴʼȵҡڡ
ڶ֮ôϵ˺м֮֮価һţŭ֮
һĻİϵ˽ǵɴ˫ۣԶֻڶӿĸΪֱֻۣоӶʡ
ϵվӣֵܿȥֻʸŴأͼסӡ
뷨δüʵʩֻµı仯
ԭҡڵĴֻͻȻʼԭشתתٶԽԽ졣
ϵ˴˿Ȼ׼ǰһŵ˵ݣϪѵУ
ѽôǳĵطôУ⴬Ҳ
XZFҶơ
ϵŭΪʹİϪˣվɤһֵ
ں֮£ǵʥʵģǸ츣Ĵ¡
˵ȹ£˳Ӧʱ
в죬ΪϲǲǺùӳԵġ
񲻹Сʹ룬ֻҪǳĻڹʴȣȻͻ
Ϫʣׯϣ׼˶мֲȷ˵⻰ǲġ
ϵȻӲ˼䣬˵Ϫڷƨ˵ĶǺ
ܿ죬ſǻ㿪ʼ½½
ͺΪӡ֤ϪĻһ㣬ϵ˿ϴ⴬ֻתٶȱ㿪ʼ𽥱
ֻܵı仯ϵֿʼаԶﻹδ˵䣬תٶһһΡ
˶ˣ𾪵ĿϷϪ
˵Ŀ⣬Ϫεʼ磺˵ĶʵǾǲŰ~
׳ʵĺӣĴ϶һյĹ
ϵ˽˵ûˣѵСģһһظԼˡ
ֻУͣٶ
ϪüЩûϴˣζ˵ȥǵ˴
ȺڰϵĲˣŵĳǿ˸궼ûˣ˵ʲôԸȥˡ
ϪЦһûϢ⻹ҵ¡
֣µĻ˵ȥŪ


132 
Ͼողŷô, ҲԥϪ̾˿
ʲô, ҽ㶼˵ûˣߣҴǹȥ
ʱһӣĳźȥϪսĻӣ¶οɫ
Сӣӣ첻µزµģҲ֪׻׼վϪ, Ҳип˵
ҵǾûͦõģôг徢ҵɾ͡Ϫ˵Ŷ׼˵
ϪԶںδ˵, һͻ, õԤжʱϮͷ
Ϫü, ȥһ, ߻Ѿ˴˻
ԭڴϵˣ˿һ޷ӵ
ſڵϣ֫õ, ȻΪ, ȴ̲סĵ뺣Զһ㡣
ܿ찶ϴ˴˷Żһζڿ, Ϫü˼
ԭڰϵŵ˼ȥæ, ˿ҲűӲٿ
Ϫǿ, ڵǳϫγΪǵʥϴ֧֣ͼƻ˳Ӧ£ǲǵģ
غĳ䶼ֹڴ󺣵Ĵ˵кһֵʡ
Ȼйغ𣬵չں˶һ׹أдŭͷص˵
Ī⣬һЩͲ˵ʱǾͻὫںͷϣÿغ򶼻кݺ
ȻЩ鶼ϸ΢ı仯䲻ϪĻǷŷʵΣмɵ
ϪҲ˵ʲô㱧վڼǰʵҪ𣿡
ڴϵˣ֭³ˣ˵ûǲȥ
ڰߵˣһӦǾܾƬ֮뵽ʲôиֳԥ֮ɫ
գȺ˻ǴһΣɽûʲô仯ֻǺֶ̲֮˼µˡ
ӷ˸ۣЦ˵ϲȥҪȥԣⲻװ״ȥˡ
ǲȥȥ˺ôȥ˵ûˣ߾ͽˡϪһ䣬ûǽ˶͵ٸת뿪
ֲ֪ʱѾ뿪ϪƶԷǿԼﲢ޴뿪ˡ
ߵ֣źһξ룬ĿȥûпӰɵͣ½ŲɻĿƽߡ
뺣
ôţͻȻһĵô˭
ţϪļͷһѾļͷıϡ
ϪæסΣû˵һ˭
֪ʲôȴִֵ׷ʵ˭أ
Ϫ۾գգͻȻᣬĶЩ죬Ϳһ˵ңҵˣͨܣ
ϪĶЦţϲԷģʶϪĴʤֲ¶Ľߣʵ˻ϲ
ھͰԵѹ˵漴ԵҧϪĶϡ
Ϫ׻һûסðŻعʵ㶼ǴѧЩ֮ʣ
ϪǻҵӣüҽЦ⣬ϪıŲԷǰ
ϪûɵĿۣḧԷգȻֱֱָĵϪĿϡ
ֻ˵Ϫźܺóԣ֪뵽ʲô
˵ⰲһ£޵Ĳһһٵ֡
ɫ
Ϫֻоһֻò񾭣Ȼ־ʱ͵ؾסࡣ
ץסĿڵ֣Ϫ˵㲻ҪŪңܲס~
ϪĻ˵󣬽ڰֱϣֺ̧õĿŰȻŴ
µǻסˣĿţȻݺݵһתƶ˵֪࣬ϲʲôô
ϪʧЦǣŰֽ˼Ϊŵ£򰲱ʾл
˻صߣɺѾߣȽͻؼҺ󣬵˲Ƭ̣Ϫٶǰϡ
ֻ˴ЩѾ˴𰸡
ȻϪɺ֮ǰϢȷʵԶԤĸء
Ͻ캣ߵǴ־磬ӿȷһѾʼֶʰˡ
ôس̵ļδɱСС֣ԻߣʵڰѾʼж
ԭΪսµԭǶʱӦϾ˼ߣôºǾѾ׼ǹˡɫص˵
ֻаĴˣһе̻нˡϪҲЩеĲ͸ȴûз֡
Щʱ򺣱ߵʱͷЩµУһ˳͵͵뿪ˣûĸϣʱ䣬Ҳûˡ
ֵĿһֱŴ⣬ƺڵȴʲôϪע⵽ˣڵսвնʹ̲µģı¼±䣬Ҳ
ֵĿû˿ƫƣݵľĬ˵֪
Ϫ̾˿֪˵ٶҲûãۿԷƽ۶ôȫԣȴɻᵣġ
ʱ鷿ڳ˳ʱľĬ֪ʱͷƽһӰڳſڡ
ʱۣ漴ֱֱ̧Ŀ˹ȥ
֮̽鷿ڵʱת˶ǿ
̿ϪڵС㣬ѾţҪھͳ
ϪĿһͬʱҲһʯͷأĻˡ
ЩԥϪ˵ϪǸˡ
Ϫ֪˼ȥգʲô˭Ҳ֪ڱʾǸ⣬ȴֹ
ʦ·ԼѡġϪһǳЦվ̵ɡ¡
޷ؼ֪ᣬ˵һˡ˵һ䣬ϪӰʧĻС
һȥ졣
ٻʱϪľۿɼƣԭŭİһػ˵ֻǰϪԣŶԷ˯α亹ʪۣܲѡ
ķΧУһһȵĺˣΧһƬĻ֮Ϫѹȴܵͣεĺܺãǰܿڵʲô
ٰڼ䣬ϫγͣ죬˶ܹ캣
ϪҲͷ£뵽ȥ˿ű֮ǰ˲١
ǵһβμӺȻͷûʲôΧĳٰͬģÿйģ䣬ϲġ
ϪŰص󴨴壬һǰյήңŸɾʮ㣬ðչ¶Цա
ڽǮļӳ£佼ҵ·ҲѾ깤㹻ס£˾һ˵Ц׼ż䡣


133 
Ӵϻ, Ҷڣһ߱Թһ߽ݵȥ, ǸڴҲ֪ȥˣڡ
ǸʲڴˣԴ󣬾Ǹģڲڶһ׼ӻ̬ԽŻӿ˵ͺֵƵģմҲγԼĻƣûǰǰʱʱŶ, Ȼٲ˵ý⸸
˵ŻϪߣͻ˵ӰһЩŤͷȥȴϪ΢Цʵôˣ
ȻǰϤЦܾЩԾ, Ϫĸ첲, ֻʵĴ, ̤ʵЩ
ųĬİ, Ϫлһ˿Ǹ⣬ĵ˵صˣŰǳȥɡ
˳ӵĸϪ뿪, 뿪ʱɺ˸к, Ϣĳš
ȻȲϴ򣬵Ǻڼ󴨴Ҳ˲١
ΪҪﱸ, ⼸մǶ, ҶڴæŸ
뿪м֮, ϪȻǣ˰֣ðЩڹڳʱȻϪܾӴҲ
ע⵽˰Ϫ˽еЦʱ򣬴ҵܸǣЩϸ֦ĩ˻⣬ߣҲʱſһЩˡ
һεĺ죬׿ģúһ°ɣ
ϪϵЦ⣬ð·ּ˳ʱĶԷʱϪԶڵãĺ֪̽
ҲĶ࣬ԭǵϪĲи£һһεһ𣬿ʱţ˵ȻϢķ˱仯
ã˵ģοɲ͵ˣҲЦ⡣
Ȼ֪Ϫ⼸ʲô⣬ȻԷ˵Ҳû׷ʵ˼羡ܵ¡
ѾͷЩʱûˣ
һͻȻǰѭȥòϪŰǰʺá
ԭȵӣСϣǰһС̯ӣͷֶ˲¿̵ľ
ۿ˿ͻȻ۾Ȼ˼֣ס´дʵ⣬⣬񰡣ôأ
Ϫ⵽ʵүүôˣ
Ѿͷ㻹ǵǰ˵Ĺ²Ŷȣ˼˵
ϪԭţͷһеĹ²࣬ƵἰıǴξյľƺĹ¡
үүˣҪ˵һɣϪɫ䣬ȴ߳亹
һԵİȴûвʲôԣǺĿǰŵľ񣬲סķ̾
֣ôãǰѾͷеأüֹ
󣺡ǶôֲĶǰѾͷҿȴǲ
ϪһĲţһֱĹ£ſںߵģǾֵĻþ˵ġ
ϪŸθϽ뿪ʱ򣬰ȴͻȻʵүүô֪ģǲΪҺˣ
˵ţצһЩٶ˻ǿɰ
ϪԶʱ򰲣Ȼ͵ضһʱʼν͡
ϪѾʼηڵʱȴ㶣ȻЦϺͿˣѾͷô㣬Ѿͷ㿴ſϲģүүġ
ָָԼǰ̯ӣɻȥϪҲһ
һСľлȻ󷴿ΪϪ뿪̯λ
߳һξ룬ϪЩʵ㷽ôô˵Ǳ˷ֵô죬㵱治𣿡
ȴͣ˽ŲЩ˵˽̻ңеʱ˵滰ûš
Ϫʶʻ˭
ĿϪͣһЩε˵Ǹ˵ôϲ֮ûе棬û˭
ϪȻԹԵȷʵҵĴ
üûм⣬ó̯ϵõľϪС
ϪŵעڰݼֵĽŸУûעⰲʲô
̵Ķһ㶼ԶΪճһöêʽľ
ʱִӻóһöľ֮ǰϪ͸öľ̡
㻹ϪЩ˵
ȻϪһҵĶһֱߡЩ°͡
Ϫһ̲סӰ°ͣôô˿ġ
ۿϪеĴêľ˵ֻ֪Ҫêͣ£͸Ϫպôһԡ
⻰źůģϪȴƷһ˿ίԼԵʱһǻ̿֡
ϪǣŰԱߵ̯λϰȻ£ͷʼ֯
߳ŮӣС߿ĸ֯򵥵ıǲڻ£ܿϪ㽫õĺסľȻ󽫴êԼĲϣľ˰ϣľСµͣ㵹Ҳ䡣
ڵĵط֮ͣ޾ˣ·ңҶصߵġ
˵գϪץŰ֣һǡ
һֱϥԿϪ˿Ŀ˵ϣÿһ춼Ǽ䡣
ϪЦˣŰɾЩǿˣȻˣǱҪ˿̲ǡ
յƺʧϪŰڸȫȻȥԵģĺǾˡ
Ϫһ·Ű˴ڣʱѾͷбͨڵĺ̲֮ϣһ޴ֽһ롣
ָǵʵʲô
Ϫһ߿һ߽͵Ǻÿʱ򸽽Ĵ䶼һԼ캣񡣡
ߵ뿴ʱȴվżˣ˿ղ̫г
ϪŰͣ½ŲûٿעǱߵ
Цˣ˭˲֪󴨴ǳǧ϶һεĺͷҲȻġ
ⴵţˣǰ겻󴨴忴ǿһøǵģôʶôȻռˣ
⵱Ц󴨴˶ͷȫҲӲȻôҿǾºɣ
Ǳߵĵ٩ΧһĺЦϪҲüͷ󴨴ˣǲϲ㳰Ū
ʲôǱߵĶԻҲˡ
ÿ꺣֮䶼кԣڹ涨ʱڣĸ岶࣬Ȼһκ֮ǰӵĲԺ򡣡ϪŰ͵
ȻǱߵĻ̶󴨴ʮ궼˺Ҳǲʵ
ԣȴͻȻɿץϪ֣Ǳ˼꣬ϪǸˣ


134 
Ϫԭû, ȴû뵽ͻȻͷòǰ
󴨴û˲ʶϪ, һ֣󴨴һ۾˳
Ϫ
Ϫô⣿
󵱼ҵģô⣿
ẰϪ󵱼ҵģǾֻгϫγˣϪû뵽ԼҲС
ǰɣãӮ˼꺣۾ͳȥˣϪ˫ֱأ⼸ζ˵
󴨴Щ, м仹һӣ󴨴ҲȻҲϪ͵λ
Цˣ󴨴˶ثڶҪŮ˳ˣ
ôŮޣϽҸ˼Ҽ, ͷ¶ʲô
, Ϫ󴨴崦һλ, һΪٺô, ȴ죬̵Ҳôﳤ˿Ҳ󴨴Ľ
Լ, һô˵, ƽΪʼ˵ЩỰҲ˴ţҪǱ۸, ɾ̵͹ˮ, ܽһ, ۡ
һʱ֮䣬󴨴˶ˣүߣӾҪǰ֣һϻûС
˷Ӧ֮ǰѾ˾ˣһȭͷкϡ
ҲǱˣһʱڵϣĵĲŻعںģǸмѪģ˿ĭ˻ȥ
󴨴˶ֵʱϪѾŰ˺üû뵽û˵䣬ͱۼǿƲסƣŰ߿һξ󣬶һ뿪
Ƭ֮һ˸ϪҴһĺϪǷֳɼڴѲӣʲô⣬žȥ˹
ͨ˴Ⱥܣܿͱˣߵ˶ۿŶԷֽűסж
ϪǰǶ󴨴˺ȵǺǴҵ䣬ôִܶأ
󴨴Ҳһ㶣ôǶΪ˭ôϪǣ̲
ϪĻ侲Ц̿ʼ󴨴˶ɵӣ󴨴úģӲһûڡ
ϪĿ壬ٶȿڵҲҪ̫⣬󴨴˵꺣ͷһǡ
ͷ˿ĭмŮ˵ӣʱҪ󴨴ô죿
꺣ʱǾͽȫһɵĲճ͸塣Ϫ治ɫ˵
һ⻰󴨴˶ˣﲻ֪òóϣն浽ˣʱ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
һߣȴ۾һҲ÷űʲô׷ʵһŮ˵ܶ²
ϪûҪͶԷ̹Լҵ˼ǱǼˣʾ˵
⼸˸ձϪģֶûգһûſڡ
Ϫ״ߵź󵱼ҵԣ׵Ǯ벻Ҫˣ
ϫγڳͷǴ󷽣ڲĽҲھʮ˲ԼǮʱϪģԺܶûᡣ
˵Ȼ£ûǼ𣡡
õ֤˶ǵЦˣɫŵ˵ŵĺôΪʲôҪſɾ͵Ǯˡ
ϪЦһ˵ǰѺ˵һʹ˱㱻ȱϪһͷ
ϪˣҪǽμӺĴ󴨴壬˶Ҫڴ󺰼岻󴨴塣
Ϫ˵󣬵ڳ˶ʱ˶洬˵ζʲôڳˡ
˵洬ΪĹߣһҺõ洬ˣ󲿷ǮͶ洬ϡ
ʱõ洬ÿ弯ģϿдӵ֣Ǵӵ
ϪҪ彫洬óڴӴֻҪ󴨴忴⴬ͻ֪󴨴¡
ԭЩ󴨴˽鿺һȴʼԥ
ôˣҪҲû£ڹ£Ǹ¾ˣôϪŪͷĵ˵
üүǹ¸һŮӿͷ£ôܴӦһǺʼΪԼľȻһҧӦϪҪ
ܺã¾ôˣδ֮ˣ˶ȥùһ侲һ£Ҳһȥʹ˵˳֤Ϫת򰲡
ѯʹһ˱ȥϣڴɲڣִ˸˽ȥҲһ֪Լ¡
󴨴ˣǶ֪ϪĹϵȻ¶٣Ҳ֪ԷĻ
ԭ⵽Լҵ̣ôҲίԼˣϪȴ˽ǽߵһĹ˽ȥ
ڽʵ󴨴˿ʼϸϪĲΧһһһԽ˵Խ
ڽ˵ηͻȻˣ˶һӽͷڷһʳһƣžõո±Ҳ˽
С˵ˣΪ˸лλ֣ҹȳԵӣҹλ˱졣
λúϢһٻȥСЩĪ֪֮˵󴨴ʤ֮䡣
ϪĻ˵һ飬Ȼųȥˡ
ʣ¼˺ðΣ׹ϪϷ˿ԲװǰĮ
Ǻþƺò˳ţ˯ů͵ı죬ⲻͺھ¥һ
¼Ļʲô׷ʼ𱸶Էǰôô˵Ϫһ￴ųģȻǺúӡ
ϪͰʱѾڻس̵ˡ
һһЦİϪûմ֣ô¡
գգۣյϪסԷֱ˵̫ˣҲϲϪڣ˴󺣵ĳ谮ôܻ䡣
ϪȻ֪аֻҪ룬ʲôĲ߸ζӮġ
ʵҲνȫ˶ȥΣֹͣһ꣬ʱһǮò
Ϫϵ飬֪Էʲô۴Ϫյˡ
Ϫֻýһ־磬ݵЩ£ɿ˲٣˿ƣӿͷ
ѽĻУϪЦһͲϲ𣿡
Ϫĳûش𣬶ǿŽ˯ȥˣŵͷһǣϲ
Ϫһ˯ļǰͻش
Ϫ߽佼һ·صϪԷ
ĿһеҼҳĿɿڴС󡣡
СﷹСһôһֱԲ֣ԭǹⳤ׼Ҳɷнµ˵
ɺѾֲˣȥæŰϸµӣʶȤΪ˹˷š


135 
еĺ˳, ϲǾΪһգն, һﶼ˵ĺѾ˳˳Ϊıһͷ
˶æʱƽʱ䲻õϪһߵҲϪߣ֪ܵȥˡ
Щ棬ȻܿϪڲͷɻⲻҲϪԸеԵɡ
ȻʹϪϪֻЦַ𣿡
Ϫʾһûеֿ, Ǻܿͽ׵Ժ
⼸գϪŰ߱˴ӵĽǽ䣬ȥɽ̤ҰЦ֣һɺͻӶ, ҲǾΥı¶, ÿÿؼҵʱ, һëСӽͷ档
ȻɺҲ, ʱΪʹӰûлˣⷽС츳Ļӷͷ
ˮʶȥܿ캣ʽĻӵ, һ缸˻˯ʱ, ͱҴ
ʼ䣬˱ǰ, ֮϶Ϳ˺ɫ֬, ո
תϪ, ϪЦŽ͵Ǻϰף϶Ĩͼ֤ԼǺҲκԶ˼
žӺĴţŤ˵ϪϪĵƤ𪣬ȻֻͿĨǺɫ֬ɷǺÿ˫鶯۾գйâͷתƵģ˽
ϲ̲סսϪ촽ڶԷյ֬ϴ˴
Ϫһ±㽩ԭأǰϽһĻȷ䣬˾ȵĿ⡣
ôˣûѣ֬ɲܳԣϪʶ̧Կ˵
һԵɺҲԭأϪڣŷӦߵԣӻС㣬Ѿȥˣٵȵȣϱ
ȻЩǣǿ֮ʣûж룬ݸСǸġ
ǰˣ¶һЦݣӦ͵̫ˣоջҪҪһ㡣
ĻػϪгһ漴ͰĿӣԷûж˵ʲôƿĿ⡣
Ϫ΢΢һ㶣оƺ鲻á
ʱǶڵ˽ҶΧһʼ㡣
ŰĺθڣϪ򴽣
㣬˱ţϣǳݺȻǽĺ
һߵĺ񴦣ĴׯϵĺѾɣԶԶı㿴Ѿһۼںǰ
Ⱥвٶ󴨴Ĵ񣬸Ĵ
ɺЩ̾˵Ȼôˡ
Ϊÿһĺ弸е˶ԺΪģ嶼ڸԵʱ̯λɣЩԽ͵
ɺͷǰԲůҪܸ׵Űů·ûУֻڼеĽ䣬ܵ¶ȣܵĴμʲôˡ
ʱȺǰͷʼ˺άɸĴǴţһʼݡ
ǰһ޴¯νԼȼ룬Ȼɻˡ
Ϫż˼һָź˵һΣϵһδźʼڶϣʱһԺΣҲźĽ
ʱҶ½ݣæŻ̯λæȺ߶ܼϪüŰߴվվñ
˳ӵվ˸ߴȻſǣŵ֡
ϪֻоһգЩת۱㿴ָԶ̯λ˷ܵѯ飬ջüͷݾĬЦգߵߣΪš
̯λ׼Բû̫ģк̯ܶλ̯Ҫĺ̯λû֧
лһ֮󣬰ͻȻڵϪҲμĺԲԣ
ĻһϪ˵Ѿһŵ㣬ҪμӺļٵģ
ϪʶҪ˵ǣǰѾӹ˵ѽϪ˵Ҫںõһʱö˶ڡ
ӵĿٶתϪϪԣ⻰ǰԼ˵ģô˵ˡ
ǣŰƶĿ⣬Ϫ̾˿ԣһμӽĺһεͷ
Ҳգ˵ĻĻ˵ǰԼҪ棬һºˡ

ԭһЦˣתͷȴ˻һʵݡ
ϪüŻ˵ô£
ӸЦȻźۼһЩСĵĿڵ㣬ʲô㲶ļɲǺ𣿡
ϪЦݶʱϣһ˿⡣
ͷҼǵˮƽǺţ֣Ǵεȥô£
ϪεĿһĲ㼼ǺãǲΪûпԭ
ʲô˵ӮһӮʲôʱ˵󻰡ϪЩյһָڻӵϡ
ϪǼãԮ֣ôţϪĿͿԵİ
һֺǺǵĿϪѵó󣬲ԷĿ⣬ֺԣϪµһ
ϪյĿ⣬ͷȻһںǰ˶
ˣţһ˲ʶôǵĵҰһԼ˲ô϶
У㣬һӮҺһȥȺӺúһ󴨴ҧгݵ˵
Ϫһ£ûһγɰһȥ˵ҼãҲԼŲãҴȥ
ԴɵĿˣֹǾҲñҺõȥǲҲɵӣ
ϪúƤǾŻӵؼңʱŲӵĻӣŷʱԷѳ࣬ˣֻӱɡ
һʱ֮䣬Ϫд¶һпЦ⣬ɿתԷԴ
ؼҳԹ緹󣬼˳Զǲע⣬͵͵ﵽ˺ļϵ㸽
ÿĺҴÿҴˣɲ㣬ԴֻΪλͳȡһҴΪʤߡ
˿̺̲ͣһŵĴֻĲμԱڴȷϹ
󴨴߽μӵԶԭÿ궼׼Զϣ׼ȣԽ껻ˡ
һֻҲף̨ŸǲӰ
ⶼ⼸ıˣֻʣµһҴߣȴǴˣȻվ̺֡
ϪͰҪμӺȻǲԶ֪Ȼ佼ϪǺ¹ӣϪˮ׼ԶˣȻ
ԣϪֻǰԼڻ


136 
һƵҲ, ǵĴֻͣĵط󴨴һξ룬Դ˿Դ󴨴߿
ûϪӰ, ǵ¶˳Ūɫֺ˹
󴨴ҲԹ۶УһǼȺ˳ڼǰ
˫ϻŲʣΧ˼ˣ֪Ʋʲô²˿˼
Ĵܿ˿ȷûϪӰ, ҵ󴨴廹мѪԣ˵ѾͷأôˣǲǾýǱɣˣ
⻰һ˶ǴЦ漴͵ҿСӻͦÿ, 󴨴Ҫ, ڵͷϸ, Ǵд, ֻҪСӸҵϱˡ
ܵ⼸ϵĶˣļ˶Ҫһ, ĶԼҲв֪, һԷôŵĻʱһɫѿ
ʱ, ûȴ˻, һĨ׹⻮һ, һֱֱĴ뷽ſˡĿûһĿӣֺֻܽˡ
ʱĬĵס£һȥ˸æְ˽ŵķס
̴Ⱥ˳İϵĽȻλҼСЩԣ
ͷһвʣ˵ȴҲ̵ԡ
ɱأҲǲ˵δعͬ壬һһ߽µǸǵţбºϼ£
Զ̵ִϽӹĲԼĵ
ֱ׳˵ҵĵ
˵ţ̼־ҪôؽУסԷĶӻóһӣϸϸķ
־㿴ţЦ⣬漴ǷӦˣ˦תͻص˴ߡ
ôһĹͭ࣬溣ʼ
߲֧㣬ȼǰǳʱֱȡʸ
˲䣬ƴĲǷ׷ƴºȿֺļݴ
󴨴ߣ̨ԶҲƴˮ˻˸к̨һݴ뿪
Զǻڰվţɹʵ֪˵ãһоһУδУһҲӦһ¡
̿Զ飺үģԻ뷨ӣ⺣Դֻ֮䲻ۼӡ
ҷȥصǣֻҪܳɼɫǺҲν
⼸оûһƵģȻܾ̾ԶҲͲ˵ʲôˣϾԷ˵Ҳеת׼
ԶĴԶˣ̶վڴ߲µĶԼ󴨴ʱΧ˹ǵ佻Ļ
ѽٲõ泡Ҫռ˵ʱǾ͵ȥԶĵĵطС
ûд澭飬ʱԶˣ͵÷ʱʱǴʱ١
̵ͷʾԼΪճĲǣǲռλѡ
ô˵ΧĴһ㶣ûϪʱĵ׻˿
ҶһģϪʲôˮ׼ȻﶼмֵףһŮӣڴδ㣬п͵͵ϰμӺǿǸ̳ϪǰͰˮôȵù
Ե쿴վڴߵ̶˵ʱ˶˿Ǿö˴ϪԮ
˲ˮ׼ǲ֪ǹ˵ĿõģǾϪ辶ƾ˵ȡʤ
˾Ȼ˵ģѲϪĴԼ
Ϊӡ֤ǵ뷨ϪٵӰ˵ǰЦݿ˼ˡ
ʱϪѾߵҲòźǸ
ǵϵ¶˸ӵɫǶϪˮ׼ҹάǶԷڴĵλֺ⣬ЩҲ˵ֱ̫ס
Ϫ⣬ҪԼ𣿡ǻĵȷϵ
Ϫ̰ԼѴˮУһϵĵͷȻӦµĻȻҪԼȻƽ˻𣿡
⻰˵ƫƫΪǡ
Ϫ⺣ɲС£ǹغӵӣҪ¹شճɰ
ɲһ˵£Ⱑ
ÿĺֻǺĿǸƾ¾泡ΧĽ
󺣹ˮױ仯ճɺõ泡ȴһãÿĺƾΣѡԼĲԷΧԸ嶼ӡ
Ȼ⼸󴨴嶼϶һʵӰ첢Ҳǲĳɼ
ϪȻ֪ԴζʲôֵްҷģãˣһɵǮ
ߣҸ׺Ѿ⺣Ǹˮ׼ҼҲҸǣȻǻҵǸõģ
׳껹в٣Ⲷ㲻еģ¶ľҲҪһʱĻҲǿġ
֨ϪҲû˼ٶ˵ʲôϾѾʼһˣҲøϽǡ
Ǳ߰ѾڴϣŴǶ߼Ϫ⣬˴ǱߵĶ
ԭΪϪ̶еһһȴû뵽ڴϵϪǸŮӣ⿴Ưȹ˵ȥ㵹˵ȥδġ
Ϫûи߶Ļᣬ׼ʱ̰ѴƳȥЩԹ
ֻһξϪˮĽԺٶȶԲϣ֪ôˣܲ˺صԡ
СĺߺţֻƽȵԶȥ붬ĵʱڣ̫ҲЩˡ
Ϫߴ˴գȻӵŶԷصС
ŹĴ󺣣ϪʱãԼƬģء
ŴֻнԶͣ˺߳Цŵɡ
ϪԼװõ¯ݸȻڵ˳վڴͷһһ˳ȥ
ˮ棬ϪЩԼԳǸҹ죬ʱԼǸһֻ֤Լꡣ
Ȼǰ㵥˸ĿĿڴЦӯӯԼİҲ˸Ρ
ûеںĥʱˡ˴֣Ϫصԡ
Щʱ򻹵ûذϣ԰ˮ˾ô粢š
ϪĻʱԡϪĶĿ͸繡
⾲׵ʱУϪֻõӿɵȻЦҳʱǴһˡ
֧Դ࣬üʵﲻһǰҲռұˡ
ϪЦҲˣȻӦǣҲϲ㣬Ҵֵһμ㣬㣬Ȼҹӣǡ
۾һ̲ס˵ģɫ⡣
ۣĽһͽӣϪ΢΢Ȼ鿴ˣСҲѧˡ
ָϪỬ֧ЩӣۻҲǺˡ
ҲʱͻȻһᣬʱ/ķΧϪȥ鿴Ǵ̫ܵ࣬ǰѴˡ
վԵİĿΧ㣬³֣


137 
Ƕģ, Ϫ̲סЦˣÿÿʱ, ĸܵԼбúõķϣʹֻһ΢СԷҲķա
ŰԵķ˿ϪΪģЩʱ򻹵ΪСͲҪˡ
΢΢𣬰βй˽ϪĻոյô, Ϫȥôóԡ
óԣϪ΢΢һ㶣漴װĻʲô˼Щĺ
ܵԷµʱ˸ֵĹâ, ںҲܲ
Ϫعʱ, Ѿ, Ц, ȴָĨϣС
ۣŵĿϪȻû뵽ᱻԷܾ
ϪϵİĲ, ᴥ˴Ķͷ, Цںʱʱλ, ˵׼ʱҸ
˵һ, ŵü, Ҳ˿ұ㴥ʱģ𣿡
ԭʶüİ˿˾ᣬϪĻܺõסѨ
ߺû취ͻϪеЦЦһŰգߵ͵͵ңĵĿɲֹһˡ
˵գϪɿ֣һЦŲ˵
Ȼڶݵ֮𽥱˷վϪԣЩ룬ȴкһһ㡣
ʲôû˵ʲôûȴ紵ԽԽŨ
ڱ˵Ҫϰܽ£Ϊ˰ļӳ֣ܿһ˵ʣµʱЩȤ
ȥ̽һµ飿Ϫţû֪һ¸ĳɹҲжҪóٵĳɹ
˾ƵβڸĸὫϵ֪ϪҲССĶ磬Ծˮ棬ʹϵ˱һࡣ
֮ڰϵ˾޷֪Դ󲿷˶Լĵæȥˣֻи۲ⳤ˻ԭء
ʱһһĹȥͷ䣬ڻϼУĽֹʱ伴
߿ʼΧȺȺС۽ʤ߻˭
˵꺣ĸʤ
ҿ壬˼ҶѾӮˣ꿴Ҳûʹȫӡ
˵󴨴ģҪӮܰ󴨴һճɣǽ϶î˾
󴨴ĲҲȥͲβ˵Ӯˣ˻ֻء
Ͳ֪˰ɣ󴨴׼Ϊȣ󴨴屾ͲǶʢ״̬óһŮӣ䶨ˣ
˵壬ԼأûǸԼûϢ
˵ЦԴԴϵĴ󴨴˵ĶУǵɫأĴģ󴨴˸ͻҲ˽ֻڲϵĶ
ԶԶĿʼдֻ˵ǰԼӵĴ嶼ǰȥӭӣȻջĿ
ֻʣһСػδȼǴ󲿷ֵĴֻѾֻʣ󴨴Ĵ
ڵȴڼ䣬ബֻϵջѾɣһվڰԶ
ڣԶԶмСڵ˵УŰ߿Ĵһˡ
Ҵ忿ߣһ󴨴ֻң˳ϪӰ
Զߵ̶ˣ´ʵѾˣջΣ
ԥԶʱϪû֪Ļ̶ˡ
̵ѵøֳһ˿Ȼû˵ԶѾŤͷȥ̵ĴһȦȴִֻڰߣƺ뵽ʲô´̶һ飬üͷ˵ϪĴ
Ȼʵľ䣬ԶϵıȴʾѾôˣ֪ĪԼŮʲôȻˡ
ص̾˿Զ˾䣺֣
ˣҲ˵ʲôֻ⣬ȵϪҪú˭ǵĻҪ˭е
뵽ԶĿ⿴ǱߣԼջ񲻴ϣԻʤϪջΣӦҲܵ𷣡
ǱߵȻʱ󴨴ߵֻҴ
ϱ㸡ֳЦ⣬㶼ȼˣ⺣ϿȥʲôҲظϣҲȼǰϻɥʧʸ񣬱ĥˣϽɡ
ĿԴ˿̶Χ߿֣Ŀˣʼ߷ֱ㡣
ܿ죬˿ʼ󴨴̨ʮβ
̨¶ɫջҲǲ˲١
˿빲ʱԶ̨ߵҲɫһɡ
ֻһ߼Թʮβ
۴ʮβ
һҴջ񶼲̨󴨴˿ʼ˷Ǵܰ϶ĵλεͷˡ
Ŀ⿴ȥǱߣּһҴĳɼ⣬ȴһ㲻żϻЩ޵Ц⡣
⡣ֶ˵
̵ͷԶĿҲѾˡ
󴨴Զʮβ
⺰һΧһƬǽĿǰΪֹջˣĺջҲټ
̨Զߣвʵ˵ԶСаգһû׼ǻʧˮ׼ҿǴʮ־û뵽㷴ԽսԽˡ
ԶҲЦ⣬ڵãĵطջ񶼲ʡһطʱ䡣
˿̵󴨴϶ϲǿʤǺ
ʱȴͻȻڵ˵ǣǲǸ˵̫ˣ⻹ء
˵ͷҵˣҲǽ֮һ˿ҲֻĴûꡣ
ˣǰҶʲôûܺõȥǻǺúðҴ°ɣ
󴨴˺ʾĻ죬ǿȫӲţԶĳɼȻܳԽ
ʱڽ㣬ֱӺʮβ
ĿһΧʱը˹һβˣļУһҲʮβȻֻһβ
ԭ󴨴һ˪Ӱ㣬ʵļȥ
ǱߵЦȴԽԽĳЦ󴨴巽ŵĵ⡣
˵ǲǺܵҪ˭ĴЦˡ
Цˣǿ쿴
Ȱ󴨴˻ǻؼҺúιӣȻʱǮǣ¶𡣡
ŶˣǻһûɣҿСƤţںϿޱأ
Ǿ仰󴨴ϣһǺȴû
ˣĥʲôоǻʤ
˴ߴʤģҲǻһۣͷִʤ
Ҳڸ˸վֵʱ򣬡顱һ죬һȺ𣺡ʲô⻹ûأ


138 
, ܾĬһ˲ֻǸλ, á
ȺóһֻϪŰ´˵⴬δ㣬ľˣ
һϪü͹ʱˣѾʧȥʸˣ㲻㶼ûǸˣϽ
ʱˣҿδذ, ĳЩ񲻺ãͱҽлϪԶңңһָ
ʶ˳ָķȥɿǳһ˿⣬Ϫʱڻˡ
ôܣǵĴû, ô̵ʱôܻЩŵ
Ϫǰ, Ŀб˲һ, ĿڶԷضĴ, ЦĳЩôжʤʲô˹߳ϲһ鲶㣬ôǰҵĿҵĲôࣿ
ϪĻһ, ΧǱһ, ĵصѡֻҪڻΧڣɲμ, Ҳʱλá
ĲԸͬ, Щϲս, һ¸˵Ҵ֮䶼̫Զ
ǻвԵ۲ȺжʱλãȺжԴʱɱ
ΪһصջĿΪӽƫƫȴǲ˽һβ֡
ЩӣҲپʱⲻţǳɤӺҲ֪ں˵ʲôȻ˾͸Ͻ㣬һʱ䡣
ϪҲûм֣Ͱ͵ԶŰںϵϪ֪
Ҳ֪˹ǰĿףҴϵһջеһҴϡ
ϪûֹϾҲˣԷΪǵεȻ޴档
Ϫûм⣬ﰵ˿Ե˽һʱ˵
һԭջͻɣ·󣬸ܳǵĳɼ
ߣǰһֱĴϪˣԷǸͷ࣬˵ûϹΣôӮǣܲ㶼Ѿϻˡ
ԶҲϪԣϪ֪һεջǿʮβӮùǣⲻǺ𣿡
ϪڰûлشԶ⣬ֻǶŸ˵Ͻɡ
ǴһﶼϪĴһңҲʹȻÿһ㱨һ
һββʮβ
ʼ϶һɵɣʮʮ㲻ʲô˻˼Ҳܴﵽ
ʮʮġʮһ
ʱϵЦݿʼ
ʮʮһʮ
ֳʮʱΧ˶ˣҪ֪ջ񼴱Ҳ٣Ϫһ־Ȼô׾ʹɣΧ˵Ŀⶼˡ
ⲻܣ˵ɴ˫ۣվס˰ǿȺǰͷ
ڼʮģʮ壬ʮ
ϪĳɼѾͲƽʶİŴֻǱߵ
ٶȻһڷ㱻ץ𶪽һߵ¨ʮߣʮˡһ󴨴Ϫһβ
󴨴˶ʱϲĺӮˣӮˣ಻ٸոպþӮ˲ʮβ
˴ԭأþûлֱ𣬲Ƿһǰȥһץס˵ڣҲţôܣģôô࣬ʮβ϶ˣ
ץڵˣҲǺ۸ģüͷһץ²ֲ֣ǹһģһﶼأ
һëѾͷôܲô࣡һʹթˣû϶Ŀ⿴ϪǷŭͲš
ʱһ˵ǰŶס˲ϪߣȲϰͷӸµĿŲ˵ķΧǸһ𻮶ǰְ࿴ףǰֻ飬ô˵ʲô֤ݡ
ҧͷ𣬱˵ܽܣҲвƽǾ۵ȻǲĽ
ҲʱϪǰ˵ôôµģҵ˻
ƨģӲϣŭϪ޲ûǰˡ
ϪͻȻֳЦ⣬ߵǰֻĵֶΪҲ֪䣿
֣Ϫϳ˵⻰󳷿
ȻŭͷԵĲֽ̧ҪƴϪָ̧ؿڱصİһţ˵ɳȥ
ջȣ˵°ڵɳʲôûһ㡣
³ըˣΪ׵ļ˶۳
󴨴һ⻹ˣߣӾҪǰ󣬵ûüһչȭֶĬĬջ˽ţΪ䣬˱㵹һء
ü˵һ˾͸Ķ
ޱĵͷ֪
ˣҪ٣ķ
ǾȥˣҼǵȶ֣һɶأʱӹÿɾ͹ֲˡϪվڲԶǸЦӯӯģ
վԵİϪϵЦݣĺһϪһϵЦݣЦȴˡ
֪ӵ˼䣬һֵߣ
ҪߣϪһü̡
䣬һ·ϣ粽á
˾ߣôõ£⻰󴨴Ĵ˵ģЩʤûٳЦǣһӻûȥˡ
ۼȺΧƣ֪Ӳˣǻţ鲻Ըֹһ䣺岻󴨴塣
˵ʲôأӽ𣿡
ǲˣ
ĻӦȻ󴨴ô⣬ƴߴٵ
ҲϵĴָâ˶ʱ
̲û֣γŵ
ķΧ£ĺһһһɤӶЩˡ
ڼ䣬Ϫ˳һ鳤岻󴨴弸дȥ˲Ĵϡ
һٶ˿һƬĥɤʵڿ˰ɣ
ϪͷԼߵĴ˵һǡ
󴨴ĴᣬһΧĴߣһ·ϴӵĻһð
Ľ䶨ΧΧŵҲɢȥϱϵص㼯ˣֶһʱģԼĻƲҪģϾǮĻᣬǰһˡ
ԶߵϪԣɲʵϪ㾿ΰ쵽ģô㲶ģ
Ϫߵİ§Էĸ첲Ǳȥżζ˵Ǻľ˰ɡ


139 
ϪԶȥ, Ϫ򰲵ǰЦȻڰߵĵƻԵøá
̨Ǹп˵һ, ϪǱࡣ
ڴϪȺΧ̬ȹ壬Ǵ࣬ȴǴ󷽵壬˼ȫ´󵨹ҸԶԶܼġ
ԶҲ鸴ӵĵͷϪı仯ֱ۵, ԭΪϪҪ
ԼŮѾ˻̣ﵣǵĶǹغĴ£ʱѶԷϲŸɵģ
ǽյĺҲΪϪһʱ֮ȴû뵽ԷĽ, ԼôĶ֪
, ҴˡԶ̾˿, ͸һ˿Ȼ
̨Ҳ˸, ҽҵǸӣ˿ҲͬУǰһתۺǶ, Լ, Ĺܲסˡ
漴ִ̨ŵļ, Ц˵Сôôϲ˼, ԭͿϪĺ, ȻʩСѺˡ
ҵĻδɶ̨֣ʮа˾ŻܳɣϪȻҲˡ
ű״۵ļ򣬿û˵̣¶˲˼Цݣĵȴһ˿ɬ
ϪǷһϯ֮أĺްա
Զų̂Ļ֪ϪĻ£Ѳһ˿¶ģƻص
˵Ϫôı仯ܴһԭӦСĹͰɡ
˵⣬Զһ£ָ˵Щ»Ŭǡ
һ㶣˼ϲɫϪ룬ԶģǺ¡
ҹļ֣ӣܻƽǮƣԸҵ̯λʹ˿ұ죬дŸ·Ŀˡ
Ϫһ˴̯䣬ŰĴʱ̡
Ϫ̣ЩǮȥĴ峤ǣȥհļ˼УѰſ׵ҲЩǮ
ֽӹϪȴû̴ӦɻС㣬ΪʲôҪô
ϪΧ̯ȻЦѾܹ˽ѵ²ֵĺԽԽã峤Ǹģġ
ǼνǿѹͷߣСʹʱ벻ĺǼ˶ŵǺõģҲ֪ģԺ¶Ҫϵˡ
˼սǮ֣̽ʵС㣬㡣
δ˵꣬Ǳ߰ſںϪȥϪӦһȻ̵ĸ첲ЦˣҲ֪ģҸġ
˵꣬ϪҲ̷ӦתǱȥȻ˻⡣
ҹϪһ΢΢Ľףھ˵İǰһҲʢļ䣬ŰҲϪииš
һС̯ǰ򰲽˵СɺǰԿţżŻһ죬̺;ʱǷֱ֪ȥġ
ϪһȻͻȻڵɺڽҪӦúˣһȥȡ
ɺԱӦͻĵ𣬲û˵Ķ
Ϫɺһ̯λǰɺѯʣȴϪ˵һЩȡ
̯Ӧһɺһ㶣˵ǰõȴϪɫƽĿһ̧ۣ뿪̯λǰ
ɺʱףСлҪ˵ٶ϶Է
С̯ǰİͻӣ˿ȻϵЩʲʧȤʼŤĴѰϪ˵Ӱ
Ϫôȥôûţָ˴ϵˡ
͵͵ӻóһӴһ£ȻСİ÷ŻػУ˵˶࣬õһ
˵䣬ȺͻȻʼ½תȥһطֱЩҪȥģ
̧ͷɫȻͺѽϵĺΰݾҪʼˣҽǵȥˣɾõطˣҪȥǣ
˵űҪȥѰȴûֻüҪܣҪǻǣҪȥѰʱ˭ҲҲ˭ˣٵȵȡ
Ҳֻͣ½ŲͲסص߶Ų
ȴһ㲻ĵӣλϣӼ״ôżҽ㣬ŵľˣ̫߳ˡ
ڰ֣һݵ˵ֲʲôҪ£ǶǰˣڵҲһˡ
Ҫ˵ȴԶϪɺϲˣ
䣬оһӰӹԣһѾ§Ϫĸ첲˸ֹۣҲ֪˭˵ġ
ϪסеԴǸ˵Ⱦ˰ɣ̫ൢһ
û£Ҳûáҡҡͷʾ⡣
ʱҲ˹͵۴һɺȴԷЩƲƲ죬ĥʲôҪʼˣǸϽȥ
˵ţҲ˷ӦЩżĿȻһǣɺ֣֨ϣϽġ
ɺͱһ·ǰߣʶͷϪˣϪЦ֣дŹۿһȣŤ˻ӵĲ
Щ˷ܵĿŻӶˣϪĸ첲ߴٵ죬ϪǿȥСҪϢˡ
Ϫȴס˰֣Ц֮£Ųʲô
ʾȻ粵㲻ȥɺǣǲҲҪȥ𣿡
Ϫ˼״ȻŰĶƻǰ㱿׾ĴŰǰȥ
㶵ıקܣȺķ϶䣬ϪͷЦҪԼߣǧĵƻɳֻۣݵϪıӰҪС
Ҳ֪˶ãƹԶȥܺģϪͣ½ŲŬƽźѾܾûʱ䱼ˡ
ŤȴһɵĿԼֻ΢΢ѣϪֱĨĨ°ͣЩʵ˵ôôá
ǣϪ֣ЦеϪ𣿡
ϪûֱĺһŻʵϪҪȥģѾ𣿡
Ϫˣˡ
ֵظΧҲˣտĻҲɫ
ʲôҲûУΪʲôȥǱ߸֡
ϪһЦȻ˵ܿһȥ
̫ڣϪ֮ðԼߣԴϪǰϪȥ
Ϫڰĺ߽͵ǴǰµĲt˵ĸСʱﻹִڣڵӽɺˡ
ûһ˱˲tϷϪͳĻӴȼϷ͵ƣƹⲻֻССһ
ϪһССܣСʱұʱĥʱ⣬ٲš
ţĴԺССϪ·ڽר־Ķ
Ҫʲô
ϪŰվ˴ӱס˫֪ˣĬʮʮţˡ
ϪĽһ


һ
˫Ŀ»ָԶԶкȻը죬ڵҹУһϿգȻŷĿĹԣ˸̻һ˲ҹ
ǰ쵵ɫʰŶĿ¶ȣôֱᱻĻˣһ̾ͺҲ̻һ֡


140 
оΣϪӵŰʵ
ʱ, ǻὫȼ뺣Уĵײ̻, Ư󱻵ȼ
ǰ˯ţʱ䣬ŷطǹ̻ĺõطԴԺÿ궼˹ʹδ˷ǵһ
ǾϲеӳƬҹգϲóļ䣬ںû̻żǡײ, Ϊ̫Զ̻ǻСûʲôÿġ
ĹͣӾĳԱҡҷת̻ˡ
һ, ڴӿ, ҧϪ´, , ䷢һ˲˵λû
Ϫıڲtϣ΢΢Щ, ھ, ֮ǰüۡ
괽֣󳷿Щ, Ϫ˶ݵĴϢʱ䡣
ӳ, Ϫ糺, ɫĴ귺ˮ⣬ǵ͵͵ĴϢǰΪŵĶĳЩҵ
Զ̻ڼѤõĹ⾰Ϫ󣬰⴫˿˿⣬ļ۵ζչȥԴֺá
ԭŻֲ֪ʱ˲Ϫǳ磬Լ˳ŶԷ⡣
޴ĺҹ紵ݵΡ
Ϫֲ̧˲죬վֱӣ䴫ʹ֮УüƹȻˣһԴѾǰǡôදʴ

Щףȴչʾϲõ顣
ſ̫ãĵطСĵЩۡϪ˳ƿڰĻ
ЩʧĺһѾָҹɫգͻȻϪͽˣ
Ϫ΢΢һûϧΣת˵Ȼ̻ˣվ͵Ϊֹɣûȥˡ
Ѿ׼ϪöԷδᣬ֮ʱɨˡ
µ棬ʱ̤֪ʱt¶һƥϪ·İ֡
̧ͷϪĥãŲ鲻ԸĴо˶ԷϪЩεҡҡͷ˫һ̷ء
ϣԭΪǻصǱߺͻӼ˻ϣֱӷؼУϪڳн󴨴ԽԽԶҪϡ
һֱסڴϣѾжʱûϵĸ֣ۡǴ˿㲻Ըѯʡ
һ·ԵĻص佸ۡڰģһȵĿڣͷδȴĴ͸żž
Ȼ佸˲࣬Ҳû壬۾תתûг
ʱϪѾ˨ãԣԹԵ˵ǺұøǶգԽ⸮Ҷˡ
˶䣬һƺ뵽ʲô漴ֲȷڽϪ̬ȣһԼ
ϪдŰ飬ṴֱȥȻû˵ȴʶĸϪĽŲȻࡣ
˻صϪԺ䣬Żعһ·һδҲǵļյƣṩ޶ȵĹ
ߵԺУĽŲͣЩԥ˵ǺϪһӣԺеרס󲿷ֵʱֻǸ衣
ǽһ췢£ðĵһЩ˼ԼǲҲչʾһԼƢȻϪȥǰǰˣЩ˵һʵ벻Ч
뵽⣬ҧתԼȥɲͱͣ²
ϵһ̬ȣҪ׾٣һһů˹ǸȻ˵Ƕȥˣ⸮ɹϴˮֻһ˷ˣίһˡ
˵⻰Ϫ뿪о¶ȵʧѪҺȴ𲽷ڡ
ʲôģ˵ˣιߵвԵĵӰȺŽһӡ
Ϫˮ¶Ȼ㲻ٵһЩˣָ£ÿЩȥˡ
Ѿ׼ˡӴһ̽˳֪ʱȻԡ׼
ϪһȣʶһһʱЩʧԡ
ԿţԼȽȥóϪһѾ˺ܴŬˣǰ뿪ЦϪҪҰ𣿡
š
һ͵͵ӦԲעͻᱻԣԭػԼĶˣŤϪȴԷպĿѪˣȴԼſ˫ۡ
ԺĺһҪΪ˷ܿƲס
ɵ´ǣԭ̹˿ͻȻҲ
ԡͰеˮоϪ΢΢̧ͷԷ˫Ŀ˫ҵƿֻת˻
ɰϪʵô˲ϲ
ǰ˹ȥҶֲ࣬˶ݵĺĻ
ӸоʱϪ㱻ԡͰ֮Уˮûӣů˲˶ҹĺ⡣
Ϫ˸£³˼֣ԭһ㹻ԡͰΪһԵЩա
ԼЦİϪ۹ڵˣǰĪָǵطЩʲôǵöܡ
ͷʾϪ˵ĶԣȻֽŲãϪǰԣϪͼƻˣ
ĳЩˮˮֳֻ˿΢΢ĺƱʯϪˡ
ָϰգϪ૵˵ûǻƻģ˫۾ֻһ۱Ҳ
ϸĴ˷˷ֲˮƤϪָڰĴϸϸĦ
ˮˣشϰɡ
̰ıůĴʣںУů˲̴ƣ⻹Ҫůֵıǣлһ˵¶ȡ
ǼΪģһѧϰֵΪͻںйϪĵһڿΣıֿ˵ʤ
ϪŰָˮգ̲ססԼӲȥһֱ㱻קսߣҪϲϪڵӣÿ
˳ɰüۣ˿˵
˵ķɫԽǰ𪣬ѪҺڵʱԽ֢״ԣ˿ϪſţӶ͸ǳǳķɫһ͸ҡ
ĺһЩ۵ĳԺ̫Ѩͻͻţһδ˿ȣָۣΪ̡
ЩɿʣָϪ֣߬ʮָ϶˶ԷĴ־òָˮмӿ˲ŪƵʡ
ϪǰƮҡؼ䣬ʧȥ˶Ŀƣз·𲻻ͣЪʲôʱʼ԰ϸѯʣԼֻܷڣԼҲǲ塣
пһڵϣϪӦʰ쵽һֽڰٿջϺõĲϡ
ע⵽ϪԼļͷ֣ΪԼĶʧͷܻƵȭָ׻Ƥȴһ顣
Ϫʹʱ򣬶Ū
ϲϲĺϲ
Ϫϲ㣬ϲˡ
黰ϪĶ䣬ϸܵ꣬ӣǵڼˣӷȴûϢĿС
Ϫȴ񼫺ã˵ԽԽã˿̵һжãָı任Ŷ̬ϲֽ޼ĸо޲ÿһ缡һ
⺮ҹ˵Ͼ߳һżϸ΢ˮǴ˼˵
Ϫ͵ֱݮ˲٣֦ͷ׺ţ˫ָţָڶĦųζüˡ
붼ϸĺǻŻɳãˮиܵݵѹȣ֣§סϪŷֶԷ˫ĿգȻ˯ȥ
΢΢ףǵڶգŻعİϸɫʱȻѾȥôãҲѹϪôۡ
۵׻˵ĶͷϪźã̹·´ˮ֪Ϫɾ
Сڻ¯ǰԴʱʱЦָнûţͺĴˮβ


141 
Ϫٶʱ, ɬƤǧĿǰ񾲵˯, չ̣ҹ̫ˡ
ˣܵ˵Ķԭδ˯İѯʵ
Ϫ˿԰ԿֶԷУð
ûж룬˳§סֻожġ
ϪҹҲù
ѽ϶Ǻ
û˵꣬㱻Ϫס, ԼʰģǱȻϸϸ뵽ԼôȫλĹͣϪ˶µġ
Ϊ˻תƻ⣺ⱻ첻Ǵ, 㻻, Ѱõġ
Ȼ
Ϫұ۲, ⾡۵, ϣȻ´Ϊְﶼ˻
õıԷҲ˸û
Ȼ˵Ȼ, Ϫϻ, ů·ſϧˡ
Ϫ, 뵽ô, Ͼӱǰһ硣
ʱ, ӹ˻ȨʵϪ׼ôȫǲѾ뵽Ҫ
Ϫһ˼˵ƣǰ̹Ӳǲӻ
ɰȴһĻ棬ϪҲá
Ϫһ㶣ϵ¶Ƚ˼֣ӿ򰲵ôˣôô˵
һµĺӣС˵Ҷûע⵽ôۣһֱ㣬м˵ȥܸˣΪ㲻ġ
ԭЩŵʱϪΪԼı⣬ǰĻûƢ
εЦЦһεǸʱ򣬼ǵȰִȥ
Ϫûвûַĸˡ
Ϫϲ
ʱȻ磬Ϫ᲻붯ð´ȥóԵģԭҪʲô򿪷ȴԺſڷŲͺУĳʳȵġ
ʳлȥʱ򣬰ϪͻȻʵϪǲͰźˣҪ£
Ϫÿӵֶ˶٣ǿװĵͷȴ°Ȼָ˴Էռ죿
Ϫסˣ¿ԣͷȥһһĺ
Ϫɰʵ̫ϲϪֻǿҲ̲סüۡ
ϪùһԵıӺһڣȻ󻺻³һпԼİԼʵ̫ûӣȥԷߵգ򴽵ǳԱˣһûʼ
֣ȴ̧ץסϪͷϪָ⣬¹ָůʪ޺ȴʳ/Ļڿʼ𣿡
Ϫ˲佩Ӳļսİţг˶ݵĿհףŵȭĿסģðѳģҧһһ£ȵȶҪ֪ҵ
յĺڰ׵ߵǾ纣İҲǿסˣۼ˯ҲЦ⡣
ϪలԴҿ´¹еıóϣֽĸڴͷڴ߱߾Ŀá
ֱ⴫ϸ΢Ÿڰһǣ˵һ䣺Բ𡣡
ɺţۿ죬Ϫҧ˵ЩʲôԷǰͷ֣񣺡СģСңֻҪһҶỤŰС㡣
С㣬ǰ·ء
Ϫɺļͷûж˵ʲôӹԷĺϣڳԺʱסٶȻǽյķţҧת뿪
ͷͣͷţһľװϪֺ˸ûж˵ʲô
ϪֻӶеı˻Уǰҹɫмʻ⡣
.....................
ӣֵĿӴջأˡ
˿ͷѾҲѾͷݳĻ˱ˣֺϪһڳڡ
Ϫɫһɣóҩ˵Ұ˿ڰһ¡
ֵҲܾĽ£еɼǵĵˣѪҺѽ͸һδԡ
Ϫ̲ס˻һǿŶʹסҩ۵ûˣɼǵˡ
ϪǱˣ
ƺһŻƺأܻ·ܿǰãӦᱣǵչΣʱǳˡ
⻰Ϫֶ˶٣ʵжأ
ֿϪһۣ˵ء
Ϫ˵ˣ֪һСֵи㲻ˣ˵ۣɼ˵ļء
ۿ΢΢ᣬϪһɤ˵һˣιҪϡ
Ӧ֪дֻ²ǵһλģͬԼ󿿿ܻ°ֻһһ£˿ԥ
ѵõһ˵ô࣬м岻ͣ£ǰѻ˵ˣ⻰淢Էθ
ϪĬ֮ǰҹȥӸͶͶ״Ͷ״ȥԷȴûôס
ڰգ˶෬ѯͿԷ̬ɶҪһԱġ
һ±ҪϪͷ
ͶϱϪͶµ£ʥϵʱѾ˵һ뷨ҪǴ¡
һǣ޴󣬺ķǿԤģȾ˿ܻмͶһ
̫ˣĹڼ򵥣ʱʥϺͬǰɣ²жѡ
ȴû뵽ḶôĴۣȻ϶˻нľ棬ûԥһ֡
Ϫ˵ӵҪʱֻǴ˴еȲ裬֪һԻᰲš
ϪҲͷΪӦ֮˽̻𻻳˻ҩͼı֤
֪ͷƮҡȴڸۡڹ̰ͼ´档
ְ˿ڣϪҧסֹסĲҲʲôδֻʶĻرһУΪȥڷꡣ
ֱ֪״֪ⱳһ·Ϊϼı浶ǹڿԼж档
ӹߣΪһж֮У֪һɡ
ЩΪǣںΪѪᣬһ뵽˿ֹȥ
Ϫ̱޸ڣɽѪҪԼߣôڰһ·ļˣֻᱻ־ء
һ̣ˣҲˡ
ָܵѹֵϢۿɫԼµϪֱۡ
֣֪Ϊλϡ
Ϫ̧ͷΪλͻȻ£ǽӻ֪
־ۣ˸Щƿţ˵ǰһλˣΪ¹Ӱ֮ΪԼ£Ҫ˵Ϊĸ٣ˡ


142 
ʱĳ, ԶȶиΪĺùٲס
ֵЩ, ԭʱӦϢʡϪȰǷˣĶֵĹҲЩġ
Ϊƽﶼܽڼԭ򣬴ƷͿլԺȴ󣬸Ҳ࣬Ա˴֮䶼磬һһ㡣
˵УϪ˺ܰĻ, Ϊ߼еΡ
µҲ𽥴λתƵǼҵСүϡ
λһӣ㱻˴Դ̣Сϻȴ棬Сֳ, նܡ
Сүһ, ǡɸڵҲһ, Ķүһ, ĶӺĬ˽
ƫĶˣڴ, Ը׶Ľһͬ, ˱ͬ
СүҲԺڶ࣬СֻСүôһѡ
˶, Сүȴδ˵䲻, ĶС, ۸СΪ
СүΪСһССأСҲϧСү͸һһΪǣǰһӸСү
ǺþĿʱⱻһִϣһµĴˮһʱ֮˶üͷ
дǰΪָһεˮǶȥ˵
طݱͣ򾩳飬ԮʥϺܿ׼˴ϲʥ
ɵȵʵʱȴˣǵʶ˵ֱǱˮнǳ͢νԮ
飬ȴٳٵȲظ˳Źˮȴڼ˲УǻŭʱϾʥҪ
СүڼеȺСȴû˴ĺϢǵޱȵһҹ
Ѫˮˮһʹ˻һҹױԼССү·ҹɫͷܡ
С򿴶˸׵˼˿ûоԹ˼һҹĽŵȫ˵Ѫݣ֪Լ˶á
ֱˤɽ䣬磬ǣҴˣɵõϢȴǣĴΪ̰ʣб˽ѱնףͷ­ڳ֮ϣԲѪᡣ
һҲһ⣬ΨСү䲻
ϪԾס죬ֵĹϵȴûпڣһʱ
һϪΪ˯˵ʱ򣬶Էٶȿڡ
СټСүʱ򣬶ԷûЦҲʶԼһƫԶ壬һĻ
ݺ˵ı˷䷿ڣǮȫڳкڡ
Ϫһ㶣µһЩȴֲ´һ㣬ڣλˣΣ
ûлشۣŻδɢȥİûںͲʣһͶ˾ս꣬гһ̫ˡ
û뵽ץȥ̣ôʹ֪࣬ʱҵңŵᱣùһжԩѩ
ϵϣҿ˺ʹһĶҲ˳ŵΪһһ˵ȴյϴˢ
Ƿһ飬һԸȥģΪҪû·㲻ҪʱҴӦôȥ
û뵽гһգԼõοϪȻ漴˵ͷϲδͣЪеĿ־Ȼ
ȻϪһ£ʵѺ뾩УԻ˭
ֿһ˿˵ǰڴ㱻٣ʱӱѾʼְ֡
Ϫü˵ǴУǾģҲ˶ţԡ
ϪĻû˵꣬һͣԶûĿĵأ;ͣȻ⡣
˶һۣǷ˵ˣӱҿһ˵¶˳
Ȼǽףŵ˳ڵѪζϳϪѯϪˣˣϲأ
ŵѯʣϪһ֣ڴ
ĬϣϪһڵȴţʵֳģ
ſϪ˵ûвʣȴĵһԣʱ׶ԷӦ¡
û̻شϪ⣬ǽҿ̽ͷȥ˵㽫ǵƥǣͷ·
ͷһŲ
ŻعӣϪģ˫Ϫģ䲻ȫòΣңǾƲ˺ġ
ϪĿɾ裬ż˵ԭҪģ⼸֣߿̫֮٣ֳ⡣
Ϫ˵۶˭һˣ˵Ǽ£Ͼ֪֪ס
ֻǲ֪ʱղģ˶ӵĹϵ
㲻һġϪų˵
ͻȻЩ˼֧Ҹ˵Ҽ㣬㲻֪ϵرֲһһ
˵ţŷɿĿϪһۣƿĿ⣬˵Ļֱġ
ϪȴûƷζŻе⣬ЦһȻױֻһ˹˿ͷ˲ˡ
ϪûӦЩʧ䣬ܿϪ㵱Ҫȥĵؽ磿ΪҪôԶĵطԼβ𣿡
ŵʻ̧̧ƤҲ֪ǲϪĴܾöԷǷ˸ۡ
ڣҵѱӰѿأͶϽιãԴ˻ʹεɡ
Ϊ˴RϾŻ̵ݣǮ׬ײ׬
ȴΪ˶ڻǮҲǴ󲿷ҪϹӴ
Ŀģȴնͨе׽һɷ
ߵһǸȻϪģ񲻹ǽƾͼơ
浽ϪҪʱҲʧȥüֵɥ֮ʣڴҵδ֮ǰ㲻ܹ
һҲ֪Ҫãؿ⣬ˮԴΪϡ٣ɳŰɺֲ
ĻľأϪȻܽһֻܽ󴨴壬ʵ֪ɺжԷչ˺ð
ŵùȫûдֻҪߣӱ㲻֣Ψһеһ֡
ƣĿ֮ϣϪûлشŵĻˣ˯һ
Ӧôصˣǰ˶ǼΪΣգǺͿˣȻû
ţ˯ɣ㣬طҺ
ϪѱۣȻۼȴ˯ţ԰˼һǰѡ


143 
, ϪȥˣˣҪ׳ӽҿ˽, ֻһСӡ
еͲ裬̧̧ƤԺûˣϪˡ
ˣȥˣһ¡
شRȥˣӣҪˡȼյĻ棬ĿЩȻ
ȥˣ궼˵Ҫȥһ꣬һΪϲ䣬ԭˡ
³Լ, Ȼ˵漴ǷӦ˹޺޵һĴȣСƤҲ˵һ, ûġ
³ֹıԹ, ԽԽ, ĬĬûд, ֪³Ļ᲻Ϫˡ
ҲãǸϸĴRŮ, ̶̵, ԭųĵط˲һ, ǵ, صһ֡
, ǵʱһҲһ
ϪϣԶûشΪҡˣǺܿ˵ˣҪȥˣҵ˶ȻѾˡ
һ㶣漴ƵŭͷһԼİث֣һˡ
һ볿ƲϯأϪͷЦЦݱչ⻹Ҫҫۣ˼绹ҪᣬЦͲǸӣһλ
ŵĿԶţõԷεĿ϶û˵վԭؿԼİĹȥ
۽ߣ꣬С΢⣬ﰵõľ
ɼ
뵽̧ԶϪӰѾһԶԶСڵ㡣
żظͷĹûУжϲŻż
ŲĸϪ࣬ܵƷףһɾԼ͸϶Է
Ϫŵ㣬ڹҪˤˣȥʱ䡣
żϪ˵ͷٶȴһ㲻һ
εҡҡͷֻòͷ
.....................
ϫγڣɵĽŹ
һ˴ҴҴͷеһǰЩңˡ
Դе˲̧ͷֶ̧˻ӻ֣˻ķͷ£ٵ뿪˷䡣
üңʵϵ飬ڵ˶ˣԱ
ػҵĻ·̲˴ϢҪգ˸յ
ԣͷ׵֪ˣʰǱһţ̲صĳݡ
ʱ䣬ԣѳΪ˳ϫγʵһ֡
ǻʱʱڱۣôγ󵱼ҵĻľôһĺӡ
вٵڱЦģҲ㣬ƭԣγС
ڼ䷢⣬ԣйܵʱ̣ʵһһԼţû
뿪ӣһԣйһ㣬һƨ̯ϣƣקקڡ
ɺ˵һ汻ˣȲڰжţӦò󡣡
˵⻰ԣ͵һЩ˷ֱܵӣҲ˵ϪҪˣϧȥӭҵȥͰ˵һһ˻ġ
뵽⣬ԣţ˼ͣ½ŲЩ۵°ͣת˷
ˣǲˣһ˲ӣʱ˿ջϲ͵ǸľϲˣҿǸĵĺõܵܡ
....................
Ϫôʱܻ󴨣ٵʲôʱ򿪣ԶڷеĿʵ
ƲɰҲǽĿ⿴ԼŮʱؾǰɾ⼸յĲʳջŷЧ΢
Ϫ̧ۿˣݵıСǾ뾩ǻ󴨴嶼շɵ
ԶڴѾһˣϪǰͶ˻ϵġ
˷ζų֮սʽ죬̫һͶӵĽ𼴽β
˿ؼʱ̣ѿʼְˡ
һǰԣţֱε壬ҵĸĸȦԹٵɵڰȫش
ǶһɵҪץԱǰһжҪǱߵϢһг䶨ſɻȥ
ԭ͵͵ȥǲŽϣ㱻˶ˣòײŰѣҲֻȲš
صģѾ˺ͶԷͨˣǵҲٿ޼գǷſıǣȥʡϪɫ糣˵
ƲɰǲԶôżϪѿգⷹʵ̫СˣüͷʢһŵԷֱߡ
ôֻЩǰ㷹Сȥһ˳ԵԽˣγԵ㿴㶼ݳʲôˡ
ϪȻЩεЦЦЩ궫ߣеʱ˲ϳԷǳԲϷθȻҲСˣûоܾԼ׵Ĺذ
ƲɰϪͷ¶Щɫ漴ĵĸп͸úͰѧѧǺθھͺܺãÿÿʱ϶Ц˿ͷҲԾˡ
㲻ڵ꣬ʱпǸúӣ˷δ˵Ҳ֪û߿ա
֣Ϫ΢΢һ٣ָĦڣۿͻȻЩȡ
Ҳҹҹһ̲롣
˵ûǼõġ
Ʋɰип꣬Ϫӳ࣬˵ºҲǰļ꣬ǺԶҲ˲١
˵⣬Ʋɰһת˵˵£СЩҲ絽˻ͣﲻţ
˵⣬Ʋɰ΢΢ü뵽ʶôʱ䣬ǴδļˣȻϪȴк˵ǰ⣬ǲҪʡ
ƲɰںͰУǵĻе֪ĸĸԲڣֻһλѭϪ趨ʦ
֣ƲɰͻȻһ֣Ϫ˵ĳλˣһ㶼̫עط֮£Ǹˡ
ƲɰͺİŮһ㣬Ȼ֪£˲ɲܲġ
ҲϪشƲɰ˵Ȼȥˣȥ˴˭ʻĶɡ
ҲǣҲ⺢ӼǺ˵˵˵ҲģҲѰѰ
Ϫ򴽸е룬֪ĸ׵ĻĵĹУɾвʡ
ĪҪ˵ˣŮֲֻмһвżּʲô
Ʋɰüͷһ壬ҪȴԶͻȻڵŮɲɻ飬뾭ѵѲɻҪƻһ㡣
ǾԼĻЩǷףԶͣһ£˿ǰܻ飬ҺҲͲ˵ʲôˣ㼴˫ʮ²ϡ
Ҫ˵ҺԻΪȥѰ
ԶĻƲɰӶʱһ⻰˵ĿˣϪ£һֱϵһʯͷÿÿҹ¡
ƲɰԶԶԣ˵ĶԣϪ²ˣһͰĻ±һճ̡
Ϫͷû˵ſӵָڷŰס
Զ״⼸꣬һֱ㶫ܣҲδԹһ䣬⺢Ӻϼ˲ͬԺòҲء
Ϫǲ˵ԶƲɰһյ˶ԷĹһ˵
ʵ²δȡԵ˵Եɣϼȴ˵۶öԸȣ̬ɼ޹ȥǲί
һѻԶҪʵڽ˽׸ҲǲС
ԶĻ£밲ԶƲɰ˶ĿתĿϪػ
ĬõϪſ͸룬ĸϣֱӣᶨ³һ仰
ˣ˱ǰѾá
ҷȢ


144 
Ϫ, 塣
Զ㶣ȻԷ, ӶԷпãɫ
Ʋɰԥһ£ŲȷʵϪ㷽˵ʲô
ϪһЩ˵ǰֻоǰͷĿ־壬ֻҪ˵һ飬Ǻĵڶ飬Ҳ˳ˡ
Ϊƽظ˵ð, һȢ
ƲɰƬ̣ͻȻعζһ㣬ûЦ⺢ӣǲɻ, Ҳ˵ȲűߵĻ, ˵㿴ϻ, Ҳ⻰ס
Ϫûнӻ, ֻǶĿƲɰûһ˿Ц⡣
ģƲɰû˵, Ů֪, ǲ˵ѣֵܿġ
ԼĸϽʧѪɫ, Ϫϵ˫ս, ˵ûк˵, ǰҾѾȷԼ⡣
ǰҲ˵ҾûױˣһˣҶϲ
ŸҪϲã֪鲻׽ɣҲ˻׼
ףĸף֪ԽܣҲҪ̾⣬ֻ֪ǣζıģ
ѵһƲɰСĴֱߵ룬ȴûʰ˫ĿʧŬļע
Σ뵽ʲôɤѯ£֪
Ϫ˴Ȼ֪ӵԸҲǿ󣬵һҲˡ
......Ʋɰ˵ЩʲôһֱûԶĻͷ
ƣԶһϣƲɰ԰׵ɫڵǵͨ죬Ȼò
֪Լ˵ʲô𣡰ͬһҲŮӣҶͷ
лŮ֮ףҿǻͷˣǰ˼꣡
Զžҵţ˵ڵĻÿһֶŭ⡣
Ʋɰҿһʱ֪ȰıߣſǻתϪߡ
Ϫ𷸺Ϳʵ˵ǲףЩʱҲ£ܷ֢
˵Ⱥ԰
ϪۿҲЩȣִֵ˵ҺѣҲ֪Լ˵ʲô
ǲõģҼʲôҲܹ˺ԼΪոǲڻ£ԲܻʲôҶ......
žϪĻڵϣϻۡ
Զ߾ٵֻδ£վ߾ӸµĿϪŭͲ⡣
Ʋɰһ˰ĵĸȥϪһŮͨӡ㲻סȰ˵
Ϫ˵˵һʱͿˡ
ϪӵƲɰ֣ߵԶǰԲ˵ף֪һʱԽܣҪ˵£սҴãһ仰ϲ
žһƣһͬһλãϪǴƣѪʱӿ֣ѹؾϡ
أԶĿҲ˻ΣƲɰǾһæҵľҪΪϪȥѪա
Զܳȭʵһ飬֪֪
Ϫֲ˲ǵѪգüͷһ£Զʵңδ֮У
ĻԶֻоŭҪûҧٶ̧֣һһ˵ãõĺܣҽձϴ
Ϫֱͦ˱վţ񿴲µĴƣ˿û˼
ٶһϪϳ˾ŵɫ

ɰ
ԶһƼµʱһԵƲɰ˹Ϫǰһơ
ϪβȵƲɰżʲôҪң
ƲɰȴץϪĸ첲˵Ϫˣ˵ˣ˵ģ
Ϫۿһ죬˵һ֡
Ʋɰ״Ϫ󣬿Զ˵ԶҾϪһӣʮ»̥µģҪ͵Ūң
ԶĬΣɸֵķ֣ŤҹطȥûԼ֮ǰҲȥ
ԣƲɰʱϪߣһ·ĬĻصϪǰ
Ϫ뷿ڣȴƲɰûнĸϵӡ֣͵͵Ļ
Ʋɰû˵ϪãٶʵϪһΣ˵Ļģ˵ʵ
ϪĽŲֹһ˿Լǲ̫ˣΪʲôҪôȸĸһԷһЩܵʱ䣬ͼ֮ϲߡ
Ƕĸ׵Ŀ⣬ϪּᶨԼľ֪Ǵ˿̲ǿƵıֻöԷŷĻˡ
Ϫֻǻһﺬᣬȴûٶ˵ʲôǣһĨǳǳЦ
֪ŮĪĸƲɰʲôˣ䣬ĶУűĹϣء
ҹûе򣬽Ϫڽ˺ڰ
㲻֪վ˶ãһ̾ϢϪִ̧Լգ֪ӺʱѾʧȥ֪
ƫӲָУսȻͬĸʻȣѹ֮´ʹдŴڸС
ϪûеƣʱµԺӷ䲻۶Ѱλá
ǰҵδйƬ̵ĺ£˿̶һˮǾ̡
뿪꣬Ҳ޹Σ֮ʣ֮ʱֻ˷ֱ֮飬ֶԽ¸ңˮҲͽȥٿ
Ըĸʧͳվ޷˵ԼѳԵ˼άȥԴ
ʵϪ׼ŮεľףΥףԼĸĸһ鷲ˣȲǱʫ֮ˣҲǿŲĽˡ
ֻǧͨеһԱǰͰĻţڿҿҵûΰ룬ֻԼСʵֵ
ΣԼ밲Ҫ֪˵ģҪһزصĸ󣬶ѳƸݣһһĻίȫĻš
Ϫ֪ڲ˳ĽԼĸ֮ڿڣǽģֻСĵأǳʱҲ¶Ϊ˲Լ鷳Ϊ˲ԼᣬʶЭ̡
󽥽Щ֪˽ޣÿÿҪصʱ򣬿ʼίʹ࣬ûֻԵˣˣСӣ㲻ƽˡ
Ϊصĺܺãİˣ
㵱²֪꣬ĻϪȥĶеһϸϸĻζÿһĻҪ˿ķ׽
ޱˣҲˣԽϪԽΣ԰ⲻ˽û
ܾ磬ҲȻں˵ĸ룬ЩɵļʹܣʹżθɣϲΪЩɵίԼİˡ
Եȴǲô֮׽ҹۣͬ˫ףѵҲҪˣӶ
ĸЦǣǵ֣ڶǰαװԼʵıԼ뷨㲻ϿɣҲе̹
ζԣ£󷽵⣬ǣ߹СֻҪ롣
ϪĬĬĸžƣЩ곱ϫγн˳ȫ˶ӵĿڴȳþƳȹ̺һΪͣʱơ
̣ǷչѸ͵ĳݣڴĸݸ½ŸʼϽϸµ衣
ĵؽ羭⼸׼ҲѾʼԵ㡣
ϵĺ֧֣ݵı˵׻飬ɶԷṩ壬ÿһζ˴۽磬ӱݶߺ͵Ƴݣ˸׽ܡ
ڴˣĸҵҲǽչĺ˳ԤǮ˵ûˡ
뵽ЩϪ߾к˲٣һ޳ɣʷԸõġ


145 
ļ, ϪԼķڣƲɰÿնͲ͵ļ϶˵˵, ̬̽Ƿı䣬ÿÿߵġ
ϪҲܼ尾Ըĸ縸ǰҲԸռ尾
ʱԼǰһ˶ѣ
ʱϪԶٶȱ˾ҵԭϪĸףΪϪƲɰĴ
һϪ̬ȱһҪǿӲ, ԶקطУ˭ԣֱϪͷϴ
ֹ죬Ϫ˭ҲƲɰǻ, Ҳֻܸ˵ϼͱԶߡ
ΪӻҪһʱ, һ˵ĵⳡ֡
İ, ű, ڴϵϪɱһƤû̧һ¡
˵ȴƬ̣û, ڵϪϪҽˡ
š֨ѽһ, һʳ߽ڡ
ϪӣŶס˲, Ŀڶʱݺݵؾ, ûԷӡ
ϪҲǻع, ţ΢΢üȻĵ´ߵߡ
ϪôˣǱ߳ˣ
뵽⣬Ϫһ࣬ĿⶸȻ
仹ܲı£ɼȫȻŰ˿
ţǱ߲쳣ֻʱˣҲ֪ϣжЩҲֻˣ԰ƻߡ
ԣϪӣȴоһѣʶסЩʲô
ǰץĸ첲סֽʳзϣϪ¡
ôԼŪӣ˵üûԶˣⲻǺ𣡡Щ󣬵ϪǴĿ̬࣬Ȳ
һֵĹżΪԼһͷжݡ
⼸Ϫߵ״ˣһδεվĥУѱͿա
˵úúõأ˵ָܻ״̬8ɣٲúðϧ˵紵ݶľͽ˴ˡ
Ϫڰ֣ڵû£ԼԼҲûθڣˡ
һӣһ߽ʳĲʳóڵϣһ߶
ƨϹڣ浱Լģ˵˶ٻˣǲԣҲûθڣóԾ͵óԣ
˵˵ţŵĻִӽϪ޷лԶ
Ҳǣѵ֪岻ʲôǲܺú˵ģҪ㼫ˣ⶯Ҫʲô⣬ǵԹԼ
˵ʵûܣصĽϣһӶ⣡
ϪԵĿűԼеĿӣЩŵ𽥱ģʱڶԷϿƲɰӰӡ
ǰҲǸ꣬ڱһӣԼŲжΡ
뵽ϪʵĶ룬ͻȻЦЦɵ˵ţһжѿҲ
ҲϴСˣҲòĲԼѰˣҲ㸸ĸģĪҪƵġ
ģǳףҶˣģþͰõ˵治ģҪұ׼Ҳ˵
ŵ΢΢һ٣ԭ߶ʱ̧ͣۿϪĿ⸴ӡ
Ϫ򴽣ܿߣͷԷ
ŶԷر̬ܵȣǿɬЩϪﰵľܾΣϵһֱ·
ĶⳤģȻѣദȻϪûԼ
Ҳû⣬û棬ǰһϸµľģڶһ˱ٴɾ
Ȼˣȥɣһһжиٵȵȡ
ֻҪվϪԣѾ㹻ˡ
ţУ˵ʲôУʱҹ㷢Ůһݣʱѡ
ŵĻϪͷɣѣҲ׶Է⣬ôܾԷִţҲΣֻϣʱܸıһ㡣
ûгԶûԼϪȻԲ£¿ӣʵҸĸӦδôġ
򵥣ֻ˵ȢģɵĽţ㸸ĸ֣Ӧ
Ϫ̾˿Щͷ۵üģڹϣʲôңⲻ˻ԭˣ
ûһҿǵԣҶ˵ϴģʱ䵽ˣˡ
ҵ֪Ȼʱ򷸻룬Ͳ˵Ͷϵ̬ȣҾžˣǶҶŲˡ
Ҫô˵ô뿪⣿
˵⣬Ϫ˼ĲЩ˵㻹ôһֱȥʱܷ˶ƥ㵹ǲˣ
Ҳˣ㲻𣬲˰ɣ
ϪĿЩ㶣ָʶ԰֮ɫ
ߣ֪ߣϿ϶ס㣬Ҫʱֽ˺֦ڣ֪ǣ˶ˣõΣ
ص̾˿Ϫͷ³çˣ£͡
򴽣ϪѵĽ˵꣺˵İɡ
£ϪȫţҲ֪ԷôͬԶ˵ġ
ڷִһ죬Ȼڵڶյ峿ǰһĨҹɫ׼õʼնûĸ˵Ӱ
棬͵ڻͻȻͬ뿪ȴԸ㡣
Ϫ֧Դûӻָĸ̬ȣһֻ֮ܵ˵ˡ
뵽⣬Ϫ񣬿ţõ˵ˣΣǣ
Щ꣬һֱǼᶨĶɣ˶ӵĳĺǷˮ;һ·
ԭΪӦߵģӵһͱ߷¶ǵ̨Ȼ⡣
ֳѱȨ±Щ£ѾأԸһǱ󡣡
˵ɫӣ⼸۽ԶɱȣȻҲǸֻڱհֳɵСˣֵǷǶԴ
˵ЩЦΪִѪףȴȷĵ·Ա¼С޳
ϪĿͣ˸бƽЩˣäӶ޻ڣô
Ϫֿοż䣬ҲʲôˣͳҲûٶ˵ʲô
ʱѾؼʱ̣Щͨе֤һֱС
ԷΪÿһζļΪɾҲǶûЩ֤ݱѼΪصķһַ˳ȥ
Щ֤ݵԼ֪û˭Ҳûһ


146 
󴨴彼ׯ԰
Ϫվ鷿, ˵϶ŨŨƣ
ǰͨѹ֤ȷ, ֱӾıģⱻ
ڶӵıǰΪΣͽɵ࣬;ڵĽ˽֡
һҲ׼ѲӵԮѱǣڸ
ʱΧȰǿ֮ĩǿԤ֮¡
ձᵽﾩǣʱһҲͽ, Ҳɸλ̫ƽһˡ
еżϪ˵
ϪԳĳһ̱ϣĿⲻԾĿ⡣
ûԼѧĻػ, ̧Է, ״¶۾΢, ˿͸ʲô
ô, 궼ˣ⼸ȴȲסˣɵĵ٩һûΪʦӡ
Ϫһ, ˼˴, ̲סӲѧ֪˵ʲô
Ц˼ôര, ƫƫҪ, ⴰ򺣱ߡ
ϪŤŲӲ, Ӱ˾ô
мֿɰŵʱ̴һ˿ɣЦЦºҪҪΪ飿
Ϫ͵ؿԷЩԼĶ䡣
δȷ˵ԼͰĹϵֻǶ˹ͨʱղĬθ顣
ϪԾͺñһףԶı
˵ϪʶΪ˴˼£ܴܵӰ죬ˣҲô׵ĽԼ԰ø顣
ȶԶ˵ϪһʼûͰ
оվǸоԷ׿˵Ը⹫֤άⲻ̵ĸ飬Ϫڼ顣
һ·̫ۣӦ˵ֱּ֧Ķͣһůġ
㵱Ը⣿Ϫ֮վȷϵ
𼸷Ц⣬תڵҲôһᣬͼ㣿
Ϫ˼Ĳȥϲ֮ˮԼҲЩûϢֻ뵽Լϣ̧νȢţܼᣬ浽һǲǵÿιȥ
ûˣ֪еζϪ˳ӣۿЩᣬ⻹δȫȥ
ⶫܽ񣿡̲סʵ
ϪɵĵͷӻҲֻ֪֪һհҪȡҵҶȻԵɶʡ
ԣ⻰Ƕ˵Ļ𣡡ָӣЩ
Ϫ죬ҲԼĻڴδйܣһǵ˵Щˡ
סİұ߿յܣϪͷа
ǰĺΪȡŶӵˣʧȥۺ֣ԷûгȻҲŮ
Ϫף֮кγǣԼŮ˵ҪΪȥ׵ôܲ
ʱŲϲɫĳ˽ովϢӮˣӮˡ
浳ȫκѱ£ȻΣˣˣ
ŵţһ·ģ˵⻰һĿԣڲס˷ܡ
ϪҲϲüҡ
һ̧ͷ۸пȻͦգڣڳˡ
Ϫ˷ܵضɲдʣֹҲ֪˵Щʲô
ȻһȦϪϲУһߵֱ㶵ĿϪɵЦ
°ͣ˵ţ˴ֳ£Թԣ
ԣϪͣ½ŲҲ˹ȥ
ǰͼԮӣȰ޹С
ɫһڵԼѡԹˣֻҸĸǶʱԽܣһúϵġ
ͷЩп˵СҲǸ֣ɵѧʲôõģֵǣ
£˶סˣû뵽ͻȻô˵
Ϫ򴽲˵ǻŵ״Σ֧֧˵ĿȴһֱϪǱߡ
״ûм⣬ǿϪѾͷûͽˣͻȻһѧĲ衣
Ϫ̧ۣȻԷ⼸仰ԯޣôȴһ׮дҲδ룬Ӧһ
裬ÿһϸµλȻٵǩ
ѧϪ
һԿţֻоһĻĿĬĬעϸڣҪȻûʡ
ҲʱԭϪȴ۾Щץľȣƿߣȴһ졣
ԭϪеĲյأһأֵǣˮһأȴˮϷ䡣
ģʺˮΡ
ԭأһ˲䷢ʲôϪû
Ѫ˭Ѫ
δףֻϪӰ˼漴ϵȥ
ڷӦ֮ǰѾһ粽ǰס˵µˣΪ̫һµϥڵء
ҵʹϮϵƬϥǣһ¶Ȼļ
ȴȻ˲ЩΪеϪŸ𾪺ͲĿѪָ
˳ŶԷ߿ȥӸµĿǣһѶذѪ׵ĵϻ۳һ¡
ϣΪʲôϪҡ
û취ǰһУ˵Щʲôֻܷļ֡
ΪΪʲôϪѵͻһ仰ܿѪռĿǻȻ޷˵
ɫӣƺһ²࣬ڵ²ŸոհҪȷһвȶء
ԹŵӵջʲôϪ
֪ϪûشͻȻζ˵ȻС׻ЩҶŪΣֱ£ɻ統ǰģޱ仯
Ϫͫ͵ͻȻһ¶ˣǳ
ΪصĺܺãǴˣΪԷ̫ŶԷˣںһ㡣
ΪԷĻ֪˰࣬ҲΡ
ˣףΪ£Ժԥ̳֮ڵˡ
˲䣬⣬ץסŵ죬ҪͶԷ˵ЩʲôѪסĺ޷˵
æҵȥϪǵѪ˵ʲô˿ֻǰһƬѪ졣
Ϫ£ûµģھʹȥûµģûµġ˵һѱϪǸоϵˣŤͷҪߡ
ȴͻȻڵţҼǵϪлԼɣʱգΪΣ
ŵ˲佩ԭأΪʲôͻȻ˵ѵԷϪ
˵ȢϪ˿̱ȥߣðϪ
ǲ룬Ժӣߵ᷿ڱдǵţԼѡɡ


147 

طԺĿ, ɺ˽
̧ۿһۣͷ, ˵ղҪȥ󶫼ô⣿
ɺߣڵŷˡ
ԣٲͣĶֵŷˣǰղŽôַˡ
̽Ϣǣһӵ൳Ӵܵ˳޸Ϊץʱ˳šɺ֧°ͽ͵
൳𣿶ӵβҲ֣ЩʱԸȥ, øǿʾſڵ̴ӽ
ɺû˵üͷȴŲ֪Щʲô
̴ҪĻߺɺǸӣʵôʲô⣿
ܾ鲻̫ԣ˵, , ǰһջĵ˵ԼԱĳ, Ҫ, ĺһվС
뵽ʱ䷢׮׮¼ɺܾʲô²ڱıš
Ҫ˵£ɺܲµ, ЩԷĲ, һֱС㡣
ڴ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ֻܲڴ֮, ɺȥʻǽ͡
ٺ, Ĺλһ, ѾֹԷΪܳȥϡ
֪⣬ǲҪ͹ȥʣҲܺܺõ
СʾΣΪʲôԴܱɺ㲻ö֪ˡ
ҪСͺˣЩһô¡ɺԵĸп
̲סЦһЩ꣬˵һ仰⣬󶫼ҲѾ𡣡
ŷ˱ˣҲⲻ˼գǱ߲д󶫼һڣܳʲô£ĵȵȰɡ
ҲţҿʱĿʱҲһ󶫼ǡ
ٽһĿŵɺǰʾ⣬㲻ٶ˵ʲôͷ¡
ɺ̾˿ķ˱һֱһһ˫Ļڲٳ֣ЩҲȻ൱̶ȵĬ

Ӵӱ߹ظϻʱѾһºһ糾͵Ľ壬ֱӻؼң̧ԼϵζǾͽȥϫγסϴһȥϪ
ɲòһͱΪĽԷϿɶ˵ΪҪ
صϫγʱһ·ϹǶʺãҲ֪ǲĴܾϵЦݱҪ࣬Լ뿪һʱֱ信ˣ
ȻϴγпŵӰԷΧм䣬ϴЦݡ
ԭǰ仰ǿΧΧ˶࣬գǣƥиȥ
صУһŷƲɰԼĸڴ˵ʲôЦݣ첽˹ȥ
˵ʲôأҽأӦڼҰɣ
Լӣ÷ӭеʲôʱģôǰ˴кԹûҪҪȥЩԵģ
һѯʣЩͷĴϵˣһûأЩҽһԡ
⻰÷ƲɰȻߵſڻȥŷк
ƲɰŻֵӣм仰˵
ӲƲɰǰվЦôˣ
Ʋɰ˫־еӣɫĿŻӣʲô֮
ӵЦݽʧͷһֲõԤУʵʲô˵ˣǲǳʲôˣǲҽ㣿ҽôˣ
˵ţӱʶĴ÷״סӵĸ첲û£Ϫûˡ
ԣɫɣ漴ֺܿ췴Ӧ˹ûˣ֮ǰʲôǰϢ˲˵һж˳𣿡
ӵ̬𽥽꣬ƲɰŶſڵӣǰ˴ϮǺΪ˱㣬ˡ
ƲɰһŤͷż˵ûס
⻰һڻӶߣһʱԭأԼʲô
ˣϮ˭
аôûסʲô˼ˣ
Ʋɰ÷ڼ˵ʲôȴһ䶼ûȥֻоӻģ֮һת
ӻûȫǵ˵СЩ˵ϪҪܲþš
¶ĵͷԼǵôϪǰ˺һ·š
ͷϤ
š֨ѽһƿ˱ǰ飬ݻǰ㣬ֻǸÿҲʻ
Ϫе飬һϲĿӣӣˣ
һ̣ɢ˼糱ˮȥӺ¼˼άһƵıӿͷ֫ٺ
ˮ£ʵ㡣
ϪߵǰûŶԷߣ㶼ˣ㻹ޱӣܲܣڿǳϫγĴ󵱼ңҪǱ˿ˣָôЦأ
ӱϪǰҵĨ˰ˮע⵽Ϫж
㣬ˣ
Ϫʶİ˰İֵǰҺûϵӻ൳ڴ˴൳ȫûˡ
˶٣Ϫֶ㲻Ҫ˵ֻ˵ã˽ٷˡ
ӵͷʾԼ֪漴ϸϸĴϪԷôôݺһͻᵹ
㣬˿ɺˣ
Ϫͷˣ˵Ĳȫˣ̶û£ϰǣ̫Сˡ
ѾȬͷɣ漴˫ֽգסĴ궯ţɬ¡
Ϫжģʹ࣬ǶԷ˿̵жô尾ͷȥԷ顣
˵ΪҶǸŮҲ˵ˣǸŮӣԭǮУ˵ǸŮҼ뱨Ҳ޴ɱꡣ
ϪƺǸп̾һ
ȴһŵ̧ͷϪ㣬˵ʲôŮֻǸŮ
ϪǲĿӣֵ˵ʲôѺ˵£ǰδŮӣ˯ڼٰĺ¡
δǿǰ㵽˵ʲôѵˣ͵˫ץסϪļ
Ϫʹüͷԣʲô𣡡
ǹݵļͷһɿ֣İŵǸһš
ʱſ˽Цǽôûǲ̫ˡ
˵ſ˵մﺰ㣬ϽȥҿͦżģȥϪʱն⣬ЩҲ¡
Ӷŵ˫ۣԷɫĿ˿ϪתԼˣҪͷ˵
ǻӵͷϪ˵㣬ȥǿЩ㡣
Ϫͷİڰ֣ȻЩӷŵΪ
һ뿪ڣתͷϪִͷ˵ЩȤɣ˼ģȥЩ
ϪľȻûŵֻ֣Եĵ˵ͷ
߶˼䣬뿪ϪԺӣѵȺʱĻǰ
ضţһһô£


148 
Ѿǿѹ, ЩųнӴҲ׶ԷǶӶеĶ, ʧȥֳ
Ҳ΢ЩͬǿѵˣԼзҵҪ̣һ˿ǻקûг嶯¡
룬Ų˺Ϫ
ŵ¶ʹɫϪԺķȥȻڻӲͷĿп˿ڡ
ǶûԤ뵽һǴϴʱȴͻȻ⵽͵Ϯ
˵ĿӦϣҲ֪, ǼΪ٣Բûд̫ˣֺҲ˾Ǻ⡣
˵ʵǿ˵ҲΪ˲һֱûб, һж̫ͻȻˡ
Ϫ˵, ҾҲԶ, ͱȥʱ, ϪѾϵǰ
Ȼ˺ܿͱ£Ϫȴ˵ĺأһ, ӿѪ, ֻо춼Ҫˡ
˵⣬͵صһ, Щ, ƺ, ɸеʡ
ţϪѪֹ͵һ漴𷽲Ϫ˵ûձˣüͷ
˵ҽ˵ĺأɷҼȴѾ˵ûձȫˣͰʲôϵĻʱڳ
û̻ػĿɶԭʱȷϲǵ̸
һֱȲŵĻػӿʼЩͷҪߴ٣ͻȻʵ֪Ĵ˵𣿡
ԷͻȻðôһ䲻ɵʻ㶣ǵ˵ͷַ߲ϣڵ֪ߵ˭ûĴ˵
ţ֪ʲôģ
Щץץͷʱ£뿪ھܾȴԷŤˣΪĿԼ
ûʶԷڵⲻںЦӣ˼˵ıǣԻģˣϪ˵Ҳһʵ
ǿԼ֪ԺѹγȴҲ˵ࡣ
ŵûдϣûģͻȻվֱӣվ棬ѹû˵ԳѪ⣬Գϡ
Ŵ˿̵ģ̫ˣŶԷĻӲԾĴ˸¡
ûûУȵȣֺС˿ĭȷ˵
оĻӣʵ˵ô࣬㵽˵ʲô
˫ִ˻ӵļϣΪ˵ҽҪ˵£һ޷ܣϣ㱣侲벻Ҫ嶯Ұѻ˵ꡣ
ЩŤĽֱӣſϵ˫֣˫ʹ˿ĭûж˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ӵͷϵЩȴûջ֣ĬƬ̣ż˵
Ϫƺأϱ侲֣鿴֮ңǻ
ֻоң޲õϪһȥˣҲʱϸ֪ҪҴϪǰߣȥҰ˵һϣ
⣬̲סҪ죬뵽֮ǰУס嶯
ҵӺܻңȻΪʲôô˵ץסص㣬ҵϪоȣұϪͣȥ
˺ʱҲŷӦֻ˵ҪߣҪҵ
ʱϪľ飬ô治
¼ˣֻ֮ܳɤӺ֣һһ飬ǰһֱûг֣ҿʼô嶯ߣӦֱӴϪȥҴ˵Щᡣ
͵ҺɤӣٷϪѾ̽ıϢ
˵ʱӶ΢΢˫Ŀ죬ڻʱ侲Զԡ
ӵŵĻᵽɤۣȫǺˮ۾һգգĶţŴߴٵȻȻأ
һŬԼƽ
Ϊһж˵ʱ򣬰Ȼĳ֣ʱӺͻأ˳ȫˮһΪԼ˻þ
ɰһߵǰҲ˲ǲģϾϵ쳣ɤƴĺ˵Ϫ
ûдңֻǰĽϪһб˹ȥҲûѯʵ׷ʲô£̫ƽˣͺʲô֪
Ϫһһߣ㶵Ŀǣֱˮûһ塣
ҲŻع񣬻ҵĳǱȥǽţŵһĻˡ
ϷɫĹ⣬ǹԽԽ̵ۣܿȵٴοʱ򣬰Ѿ͸
޷⵱ʱʲôֻڶ̶Ϣ֮󣬾ɢ˺УϪӱ˳˰ߡ
˹ȥţϪϵĵѾϵ߰˰ˣҲָѪɫȻȲʱȴҲ޴󰭡
ҾãȻĽϪ˻ûѾ´жҴ˵ϪֻѪЩµ缲ҲȬˡ
Ŵ֪ͣηӦôҲû뵽Լ췽ҹ̷˵ã³һ䣺㣬ӣû°ɣ
ԳЦһҡͷҲȻ£Ϫú⣬õ֤
ȷϪºҲһֱȥѰҰ䣬һ񡣡
ٶȿӣ˵ֱʱҲŷ˺ֵܶĵط漮δʲôˣϪҼҲڶ֪Щˡ
ȻϪ˵ĳλˣ˲ôãгΪδӲѰҡ
Ұʧһ죬ҷ
˵⣬ŵĻȻֹϳ˾֮ɫ
ʶ׷ʵ㿴ʲô
ԥĵҷ˫ȣһβ
ʲôӻԼĶ⣬ü˻Դ
ȴûԹԵҵ￪ʼһƵͷпģܳѪ⣬ɳмزܾţֿţұȥҰϣһ֪ʲô
Ȼϸ֪ң²⣬ԲȥҰҲɽ¸֪Ϫ
ΪʲôȻ˵Ļǻȴʳ仰ȻϪ㣬Ϊʲôܽ˵԰Ǻܲƽ
ûлشɿ˷ڻӼͷ˫֣֪㲻ңȥϰɣĻҸ˵ѧʶҲ˵еĵ
˶٣ֲҿ㣬֮ǰܲȲϪἰ£йذһУΪϵĸ룬Ƕû˵𡣡
ӻԥҪҪӦͼŵӻ˻ΣɫЩ׵Ų˼һԵǽ֮ϡ
ǰһѯʵôˣ
źһֵʱ˵ˣ˾ʱ䣬Щë
ԣӵζӳ£ʱˣȴܲ˵ΪϪĴߣô˺Է
Ӽѵĵ˵ͷɬҴӦ㣬ʱȲҽ˵ǲ˵ģһŪ׵ô¡
¶ظ飬ϿҵĶŻӵлȻת뿪
ŶԷ·ʱȻƣӷץץͷһҲ첽ȥǡ


149 
һ·ӱ, ӳ˼űһ·ֱסһڼ, ûʲộֱͨӱѰ鷿
ͻȻڵĻӵûжྪȣԤϣеıʣһԵ̴ӽһżóȥ㿴ӡ
ˣΪϪİɡ˵ʣȴǿ϶Ŀǡ
Ӷľη֮飬ȻԷӲʦ, ԹѧļҲӡ󲻶࣬ǶЩ⡣
̬ȲԴǰ⣬˵ͷ
ˣ˵˶٣ָһ, ʾ⻢ӽŹϡ
ת, ЩԥĻص˵, ˵, ˵㣬˵ǲǺܿЦ
̫ƣڻӼȿڡ
㲻ţҲӦ˼ֵ, ȻҲ⡣ЦЦ, ǺͰ˿ûгЦζ
ӱ, 뷴ȴ־ñŲ졣
״, Ҳû˵ʲô, ϳӣ֮ϡ
Щժ¼йļ¼ԭֻȤ֮ЩһЩ֣ұҲЩɻΪ֤֮£ҷ伮Ѱ𰸡
ǰһһ˷ȷʵ¼һЩͳûļ¼
Żӷ˵ǧ治УұΪ㲢ֻ֣û뵽
ʶʱҶ԰ʲô뷨ֻЩ꣬׮׮¼ɵҲ뼸֡
ʱȥҰҲֻɰա
Ϫ⺢Ӧ֪ģԵʱмѵȴƴľܾ飬ӡ֤ҵĲ롣
ӷ飬ȻĴЩȴɵеļ¼һЩϸڿʼи֣оٵһЩ֢״غϡ
ʱϪͻȻĴ㣬ҹ͵͵ţͻȻڶԷеİоֹĲ¡
ʵӦ÷ֶߣǳϪˡ
ѵ˰һʵĬãӲٶȿʵǰĻξȵϪ㣿ȥˣΪʲôϪʧ䣿Ϊʲôܽ˵Ҳ֪ǵĹϵ
ҲֳȻ֮ɫüģص㽫󷭷֪۵伮мúַʽǻó֮һⶼҪ㸶Ĵۡ
ӵһеڵأæȥȴоһ˲εЩĵվ
ü㻹˵ɡ
ӻϣðŻع⻰˵ǲŵģĿ˵Ҳɵͷ
ۿ̣ӲʵȻǲǸӦøҽ㣬Ϊʲô𣿡
̾˿ػǿԣҲϣˣǻ׹ǣ֮٣һһ򵥣Ϫʧ⡣
伮мأ㻻֮ʵһ䣬䲻еǶûк³ҲƶϪָһ£˭ҶģѾһ
ӣ𣿡
ֱֱԼ·ҪĵĿ⣬ӵͷ
ҡ
ڻ֮ʱ˵ңϪ밲ĸǱѰ񰲲ˣʧȥϪ˵Ǽ£ǰΪ֮
ӳĬˣĻ˵һ䷴֮еĲӣ
ãӲſڵ⼸ӣûȥ𣿡
ӦˣڻǺֺסԷ£ø֪㳤֪֪֮Σ
ж˲ϧһд۳ѰʱȻɹϪ־ء
ԣҪף޷ܾջ󣬺οѰˡ
һ˲䣬֪Ĵ缤ĻӱһƬ˸ͻȥϸ룬֣صͷ֪ģҲ˵ȥġ
ĻӵԴ֪ãҶǾˣ¶ңϪһң˫ף󴨴嶼⡣
جج뿪ûлؼңֱȥ˳ϫγסԼڷڣҲγãԼеҲû⡣
ֻ⼸շ˰ݷã˻ȥֱպ
ű죬ڵϣһ˵ǣҪæʱˣʲôֱ˵д·ſڡ
ȥĽŲû𣬷ǡѡһűƿŵһ¡
ͷĻӶʱӵŭ˵˲˴ţҪ
Ļ˵һȻֹȼյǱһˮʧӰ٣գգۣɸɵĺһɺˡ
վſڵɺ˫ֱأվװ̴ӣĵȻȻŵ߿ġ
ҲǳϫγˣſˣǸȻĳӹ֣ңҲɺСģɱȥ
˵⻰ǾѯʵĿɺɺ˰֣ɴ뿪˻ӵԺӡ
ԺһֻʣӺɺһżңңԣӲ֪Ϊβ̧ۿɺһߣŤʲôʱģôǰ֪һ
ҽ峿ŵģȥСǣȻүѾչضգү£ȲǿɺƤЦⲻЦ˵
ɫһݣ̧ͷɺ૵ԼȥϪˣ㶼֪ˣ
ɺľһתţһ˵үҽľٴЩʧ񣬻
һ£ɺĻʲô˼ȴһ뱻˾סڡ
ɺקŻӵڣʹ߰ͷĻӣƽӣɫ׷ʲôҲܣΪʲôΪʲôС㣬С£ʲôث𣡡
ӴûɺôӣΪʼսԼǵһȵɺ˵ŭˣ١
㶵ĿãķƺҵйڣΪҲ˵ΪҺܺҲ˵Ҳ˵
Դʵӱ㽫ԭίԭԭ˵ɺ
˵걾ΪԷһʱ֮Ҳ԰Խܣϸ˵ȴǸӣȴΨû֮ɫ
һѿڶ֪ˣ
ɺҡͷֻ֪С㲻ǳˣ֪㡣
ǣЩҪңСѲҡ
Ȼɿ֣ɺʧЩ꣬ڰСߵңС뿪ǰǧҪչ˺ðС㡣
С֪ĺȻһ˺СҪˡ
˵иҪ֪ңΪС㲻˵ԵСһʱңΪϵڶõˡ
֪ˣȴǶԷ׿ڸġ
ҾͲߵģӦţҪ⣬ðС㡣
˿̵ɺ棬ͻȻУҪ¸С㣬֪
ԭҲɺô˵ǰסԷĸ첲Уɺ嶯ҪǸϪ㣬пܻģҪѵҽͲҪ𣿡
ңŻҽ㣬ѵҪһи𣿡
ɺܲ˵Ҫ˻㶮ʲôСжϲС㣡ˣҪˣĵ׻ŵˣȴǵôôԡ
СôǣѵǶҪװСδڹһҪװľˣǶô죿
ǲڣǣһ
Ŀͨ죬ûסôˣһֱһֲиУĵܾһжǼٵģͻȻһַת
ɴ˿§ɺܵԷͱеĿ޺ˣӲˣĲˡ
ɺԼָ׹ֻһظٵһȣٵһȡ


150 
վ˵ɺ, ʱȲȥԻϪļ䣬ԼҲͽӺڹȥ, ͰʼԼŬѰңѼ䲢˺Ϫ֤
ϱ˵ԭ򣬻ӲؼңԾһֱסγһ˶γ԰ʱҲ档
ºϪҲס»صȨ˵λãʼ鿴Ͳˡ
Ϫտɺͻ, ڵԶ˵ĸޣҲĿ˳ɳʲôز
ǹŰ飬˶ûзӳõ״̬ǹľ黹ǿӦ˹ȥ
ŵΪʱ˲мΪǰ׼ͬ, ʱһ, Լľ顣
ڴ, ǳ׵˵Ȧ, ԶƲɰ
ڶԷΪ˾ԼŮ˲мǸл϶˵ĻԼδȡ, ϿȻŮ̬ȡ
Ȼɺ˶ԴЩԽ, ϲϪѾһˣһͷ, Ҳûϡ
ȴûº, õϪżϢ
֪Ϣɺ, ҵϪϣӶԷе֪ϢǼٵġ
С㣬Ҫܹܳ𣿡ɺҴҵĵϪǰżɽ
Ϫ̧ۿȻΧ£Դ˵ɺʲôʱôˡ
ɺҲԼʧ̬ļ٣ٳҲԸϪ鱾ѹڶԷȻҪͱһˣζ޷ܡ
ǸС㣬ֻ̫ˣ㲻ǲϲܹ𣿡ɺɿ˴漴׷ʵ
Ϫ̾˿˵ûвϲţǸˣҲã˵˵ͦϲģֻûŮ֮ˡ
Ϫô˵ɺ΢΢׷ʵȻˣСΪʲôҪӦ£
ɺ֪ҽ˫ʮͣѰ˼ҵŮӲżǱ˼ңͣһ˫Ůϥ
ȻҴѰȷ˫׵һ׮£ҵӶʻͣʱǸΪ˽ǳ
Ҳֵ֪ģǰĸ׻Ϊ˼ģ˴ÿһձ㵽֪ǵļ֮ġ
ɺĬ佼ҶжϪĻ£֪ģ֪Ϊ̫󴨴˶֪һ
˵ʵڣҲ֪Ϊôǳұ£ֻǾԵδѣǴߵڵĵزҲòӡ
ĿǰܱߣĵѡѣҲδйҪ뷨ἰġ
Ļ£Ҳһֱˣ⻰˵ЩƤԭǣǰϼҶޣҲΪ֣ʱסγС
ȳףʵļٷޣ֮ǵԵٺǣҲÿ˸ĸġ
ɺʼĩȻûǰǰ㿹ܣͻüС㣬ܹܵѣ˶֪ܹһֱĻ졣
ϪЦˣɺˣʲôĻ죬ô˵͡
˵ϪüͷЩգգۣȴ˵ȥˡ
ɺ͵һŵ׷ʵʲôС㣬˺˵ƵĻ𣿡
Ϫǣػ˵ҲȷţԴǴ˺ҵļЩģҴ򿴹˵ûʲô⣬Ҳ˵û˻޾ϸļǵеϸڣǴпĵԴ˵ɵġ
ҲӰ죬ҪҶţҲνˣ㣬Ķô
ɺĹâְȥҧԹϪ
ʲôҪ£Ҫ˶ˣ⻹Ӱ
⻰ܺϪֱ˵ɺֻǿЦֻǹС㣬Ͼô£С㱻˺ƭ
Ϫ֣ʾģ˵ҲöԲסţףȻǾܾģ˵Ǻ룬Ҳ㳶ƽҲû˼ȥѰˣά״ɡ
лЩ黳µǷһأҵЩʲôһٶɫɫʵѡҲȥӯɣûкʵġ
кʵģܺŴҲİ
ɺܵӦ£ԲĵС㣬һԺܹܲԸô죿
ϪûɺԵģŲˣԺ˵»Ұ첻£ͬ⣬ǡ
ɺûŮӵ˵ʱ˲ָΣ
ϪɺļͷҲǲ׶ԷΪʲôôִţֻ˵ʵڲģ˵ޣʱڣҾȥ뵽ʥּΣܲ˸˰ɣ
˵ˣɺҲҲ뿪
ҪʱϪͻȻһŹֵĺסɺҰ㵱ˣ㽻ģʵ˵ңԴ·Ӧ֮󣬲֮䣬ЩҲ֪˼ҪˣǧҪ˵
ɺһ£ŷӦϪʲô˼ּŭС㣬˵ʲôأôᣡҪˣ
ϪһǸɺҲƽҧȻ뿪
ɺ뿪ķϪ°ͣԳҲӺͿˣɺҪţǻô죿
˵Цſ̬࣬ͺѯ˵
䣬ϪϵЦԼôľٴ룬ʶ򲱼䣬һöľʵСêÿ벻ͨʱܻ
ǵСҼ˭ˣϵүүƵãвٶԷ͵СľҲûж룬ֻ֮һ
ôһĹ򣬷ŵͱ˹ȥϪ߻ߣԼûȥмˣԳȥɢɢġ
ǰӱŲһֱæγݵĸˣľֹ˵̫ˡ
ɺ뿪ϪӺ󣬾һ·Ѱ˻ӵסһѽƿĻһ
ӱ˱̲סСԹݶ𣿡
ɺȴûĺżɽҪãҪǲҵν֤С㶼Ҫˣ
ôȥСָ䣬ԭ𣿼㲻ԭ£ôԼ
ɺʣԶԣһشˣ֪ͷĬ
ɺսȭͷһүС˵ҵֻаСһˣһҪ֮ȡᣬҪѡС㡣
ԶԲүС֮ĵߣǽʱ޽չһСһУСʲộһһ𡣡
˵⻰ɺһת뿪ˡ


151 
ʱе, ϪڴлΣʵ˵ǵ, ʵΪ˶徲
⼸Ϊ˻£Ʋɰ÷Ƿһͷ󣬾ҲǱԼĸֵòð⼸涼ܿ˴˵Ρ
Ϫʱ⣬ԼѾӦ˻£ҲǲƲɰ̬Ⱦ׷Ƶġ
ǿԣľԼĸһ֮ڽеȫ꣬սپ
Ҫðϰ, ҲǱߵļӰӵĸϹǵôӱҹʱĵƻŵġ
ʵܲĸʢľһ²óԶһҲʮֵ, Ϫ͸ˡ
ѵ˿, ޲ȥץһԸȢ, ǱˣϪ̲סֹ
佼Ѿͷ
һڶ, Ϫ˼·ͷ
˼ҿűȼ޽Ƕ˼ưףȴһ㶼û, ǰȻ, ̯ļһ¶û䡣
Ϫ߹ȥ£һ̯߰λϵĶһߺģүү, ô, Ҫҽ㿪ġ
ǾǸԵ, ͷӲǮѾͷҪĻɡ̸˵
Ϫ˼䣬ѡͻȻһľץסߣϸһСľĵպܲСļΪϸڴҲһһԭ
ϪԽԽϲ׼Ǯ£ɻûڣ˿̣ɻѾͷϲͷǰ͹һôŪˣ
˵üһȻǶĲ²е
Ϫһ£ͷϸľϸԼĲƷֲûкһġ
үүǻ˰ɣǿûģͷһμϪƶҡҡͷ
һ⻰󾢾ˣ˾Ͳϲ˷ԼԼƶ顣
ѾͷǾͷʹˣǲסǰɣҲ֪ľ£ҾܼǴ
ϪȻû뵽ôӦھϵ뷨ҲͲˣӦ͵ԶԶԣ˵ĶԣҴˡ
һ̬Ⱦ֪ϪŷһɣѾͷǰǰϹͷϲ浱ҿںҡ
һúԣľ͸һѾͷˣɲͲ
ϪգۣԴģʼҡȷظˣ
̸ָϪŵĴêԶԶԣ㲱Ϲŵʱ͸һѾͷǽаɣǸ͹ϡ
˵ˣϪŶˣüͷѲԼļȱʧĲ֣
Ϫ˵ԹԵ˵ѾͷһͲСģӣͷǾǴġ
ϪŬ˼ͻȻӿһѣ˶л⣬ѯȻˣǶҼǴˣүүʵڶԲסˣϵ׳Ժá
ķӣϪĹάȻá
ϪľԼģٶʵүү㿴ҺͰĹϵܺ𣿡
ֵ´Ϫۣ˵Ѿͷôˣһͷ֪ǹ£òҲ֪ƼʱһѾͷ۾׷תͿʲôƵġ
Ϫüһк˼䣬ʲģ˼СǮ뿪
ðʡ
ˣ׺ʲôĹϵ
ȻʱкܴһأɶԷվΣѡԼһյⷢͻȻͻ״¶Է˵ʶΪ
֤ԼڶԷм߷ѲǾ
ǶҶԣԷֻһͨŮΪλʲֽЯ
ϸϸÿһ˶£ֳ˼Ϊ𾪵̬ȣҼǵһʱ䡣
ԭΪԼȱʧ顣
뵽⣬Ϫ̧ͷҪŪ
γڣ֧ԴСţͻȻ͵һȻ˫ۣ촽ĺһͷ۵üģ˱ˮ
ۣԼĸײϲԳߴġ
ָͷĽ˿üۼϲɫô꣬ҪȢϪˣֻǼٷޣʲôϵˣ˽Ͽϵġ
ϪǺѣΪ˴μӲԽ߰벽ͬٳ׵飬ڿһϣ
ûϪ֮谭Ѿˣһжġ
ͻһʹŵɫһףͷֱߵĲˮеӳºصɫ
Ժδ˯һȾÿÿۣ˫۾ḡǰ
ļǵ죬ƽԣ˫տɫתΪĺɫͺԼһжѱϤªⶼٿɹ¡
Ǹоǹ׶ĵʹĵͷȥԷ
һ찲ͷβֻһ⣺İ𣿡
Ȼ
˼ſԺԥĻش⣬֮ǰ
һ˲䣬Ȼ˵ڣ֪ĸҲˣΪ˽۵㡣
ûϵûϵģһʱ䣬ҿֲһӱãһࡣ
ץϲħһ㲻ϵҿ⡣
ˡ
ű죬ϲл䣬ŶȻع˳ţڲڣ
˶ǰţ΢ЦϪʲô£
Ϫ߽ڣһ۱㿴ϵϲڸпұ֮ҼңҲǲضãϲ͵γˡ
ŹţӦҲ֪ģҼ⣬һ귢£ҵĻĸ׿ʲôҪҪæµŲȥԵġ
Ϫ֪˵£һļĳӣһɥλˣΪ˸ĸԽܣҲǲ⡣
оڵķΧôпң㸸ĸ֪
Ȼ֪ѭɻǰŮ˫ü棬֪㶨ҪƪۣҼǼٳףȻرܻ⡣
ϪĻԭֶ˶٣Žӻס
ϪӹԷĲ裬һڣŷ±ӣʵһ㡣
£ͷʾϪ˵
Ϫ̧۶沿ĿֱЩڣϪôˣԷڵڰˣǲǶҡ
һ˲䣬ϵЦһʱ߳һϸܵ亹̶Ϣʱ䣬Ժһĵ
ڴϵʮָ£ǿʵôͻȻôʣ


152 
ϸ΢ı仯, ȻӲһֱϪѾ˴, 뽫Լ뷨˵
ҽʱоƺϤӦҲӦһ˽⣬Ƕ̫ͳһҲ̫򵥡
Ƕ˵ֻŮеһȴм͵Ǹù˶ѡ
ȻǣͷҲ˵˵ʱ, ˵ǽеģɼǹϵҲӦҲŻὫԡ
ֵǣΪ˼ȱʧ󲿷ֵļҶ, мģҲС, Ψ˺ر, й, Ҿһ벻㲻ú𣿡
һദˣȴһǰļ䶼û, ˭, ʺģ, Ǻ, Ҷһ֪
о, ӲҵļĨȥˣһۼδ£
ţ㣬Ǻθ룿
ӿһ֮ŵĺ䣬ƺܳ𣬼ĸ롣
·û죬ҵţܻᷢ
ϪʧԤϣȴûգżᵽǽɣǲģԱ֮˲ᱣм䡣
ˣĸԺֶܿᷢߣҲĵģҪ׼
ʱ㣬ʵ𣬵Щ˵ô˵ȫȻһ˼ô˵ף
ѣıԺоԤݣһٵʱǽ֡
ţԼϪ̲סѵ
ţŶϪĺŻһôʣſڻش
׻㣬ʵ˵ͰĹϵȷʵûô򵥡
ǶԣͻȻģ˵ҵŮ˶ϡ٣Ըߡ
ǵĹϵܺã˴ӵ棬꺣һҲ˹ؼԵãڴͨŮ
ӵΪԵʣǳ˫ԣҲɺҪŵĺ档
ʱܲȫºҲеԤϣǲ²Ϊǹϵ̫ܣˣһʱ޷ܣıܱѡ
˵ʱϪһֱ۲飬ĳû˵ѡ
˳ĬȻǶԼҪ
Сûѣʱ䣬ǶԷӦԼĵһܺѣ˵Ҳӡ佼ҵľˣȷʵǷ
֮ӿͷԼôΪĽ
Ϫ֪ںδкˣǰȥݻᡣ
ҡͷҷҲ˵ˣģʲô飬ǴӲϸ˵֪ҲֻǶˣѲڣʧȥ˼䣬˭Ҳ֪ˡ
Ϫ̾˿ԽԽԼ治ǶǣжٶٵķۣŬ˳˵Ļȥ䣬ԽǻԽܡ
ѣ֮һģתۼתʧȥʶ
ŶʱһһѱסϪŶкţˣҴҴģ˶ȥˣ
һƬУ˷ȥ⶯ҲͬγڵĻӡ
һϪ״Ҳ˲ϱģײײľ͸˹űŻԲѵϪô£ʲôˣ
˫Ŀͨ˵Ұ£Һ˵ЩԭúõˣͻȻˡ
һѾסŵӣ㲻˵˵ڸʲôţҾ㣬ҽҪʲộҾĲ㣡
ȴȫȻ⣬ͻȻʲôһ㣬ŻӼȥȥϣ֪࣬ȥ
Ӷʱɫһݣŵ˼޺޵תȥˣû߼Ų΢٣ȻͷͲ֪ʱվһԵɺ
....................
γţһǰϪҲ壬ȷϲ޴󰭣˿ΪʻϢ
ţ˵Ϊκö˶˵ĺҽ˵£˵Ĳ˵𣿡ӣ߷ߵʵ
ûдӣתͷʵϣ⵽ô£˵ϪĻ˵һЩ𣿡
°ͣ˼Ƭ̲˵Ҳ֪ҹⷽ⣬Թżأδʵʼ
ǰҲ²⣬֪ϪܻẦҲûʮİգϾǲ˵ȴܲס˵죬Ϫᷢ쳣
ҲŸ֪ţʵĸ֪һЩ࣬Ʋ˵ξȵϪ
ԭΪ̽٣ȷʵϪӰ죬Ƕмǣ򲻿ǰἰʵڲѣҲɸξȵϪ
˼µԣ˶׷׵ͷӦʣֻɺͷβһԣһľͷԭء
ûһϢԶ˵ĶУһ˻ٸ˹˵һҪ뿪
ʱɺͣζ˵¸ĸģϪ˫ܣҲܰɡ
ɺ΢΢һĿԶһ˵ϣǽģ㲻˵ҲܴͨͲ˫вһ
һȥܿϪŵĴ֮ձ㵽ˡ
ڼ䣬Ϫڰ£ͺٶȴһ㣬ҲĬûἰ
ľɺֻܽڶܣٺϪ档
ɺϾϪΨһŮԳ޵Ҫһ̷ġ
׵ѡĻƵգƫƫ֪ϻ˿ӭ׵ʱ򣬾Ȼưôꡣ
ߵʱ任Ī⣬ҵҲϰߣֻ̫ӭ֮±ֻܵȵȣСЩټ
δһȾҲͣϪֻȤĴԼķУȰʵڲбҲС
Ǳĸһ˵ǳ׵н̬˿ݶҡ
ϪνϾͱױ磬ʱҲڶأǺ߸ЩЩɡ
˵Ҳ֣ͷƣȴĪְĸС
վſѰɺϪεɺҲͲסĪ㻹黳Һų׵£ꣿ
ɺ˼ǧϪЦһȴͻȻðһƵͷ
˵ǰС飬ͬ£Žֹ
ɺҡҡͷԼǷˣŻ뷨
Լ˼ɺȴͻȻϪͻȻԹһ䣺ˮ̣ǰ֣ܷⷿˮһѰˮһȴˮ
ɺϪǺˮԹͻȻһ
˵˵ҲбķС


153 
ɺһ߻ػһ߿첽ţʱСԸ, ҲôԼˣ
ɺ뿪ıӰ, ϪͷɻҷԸģ
ǵԼãϪҿӣһã
ûһŽŲɺٶȳſڣϪʵʲôȥˣߵæͷĲɡ
ɺͳеľ, ϪߣһЩԥˣԼûֱ˵ĿĻҪСļ䡣
ҪûҲͰ, ֮ǰǰ, ôĶ
Ϫɺеľ, ŶԷľӦԼ, һֻɫӵĴţֻóҵģ
ɺ˽ӣͻȻʵС, ǰھʱ, żһһ, ޷, С˼
˵Ϫͷ, ģɺԵġ
ɺϪڳ˵ңͿĻźѵȥĸ
ϪһͻȻȤĳЩѧʣȴ֪⡣
Ⲣûȷ𰸣ȴʱᱻóۣε˼
վɺˣȻûбҪ˼еĺ壬˵⣬˶죬ͨײ˵˶ȻţѡĻᣬ˵ȻǻŸҪ
ɺӿһӿȻʧ䣬ȴ˿漴Ϫ˵
Ҹ˶ԣлҶ԰һҲҪѰ𰸵ģǼȻ˺β·ֱ֪𰸡
ԸͿĻţҲͲѡ·͸úѰŮһ㣬˼ңӣȵĹһ
ˣʵҲܼ򵥣ĲǸģڼҾǸ˽ˡ
վԭأɺȻˡ
ˣûʸһѡ񣬵ѡԼ£۽Σһγˡ
ľиõϪǰɺƽС㣬ͷĶȥǰתҵģǰһֱ˸ѵýռұ˹
Ϫͷǰµĺӣȴûӡ󣬲Ȼɺ˵ģӦƭ
ִ򿪺ӣͷһݣϻһС
ϪɻһֵƣװһֵǮĺݣ
Ī⺣ʲô壿
ϪɻŤͷɺɺȴͷʾԼûŪ
Ƭ̣ϪݣУָݵһɲǣͷͻȻһ
һɻ֮ȻУĦźݵı棬ڸʲôһ㡣
⺣ݱõĺܸɾɼɺһʱϪһ˶ϡ
ͷ˻ǳ˵˵Żƽ
ϪҲϲƬ̣µʱͷͻȻ˲һ
ϪΪԼˣʶŤͷ˿ɺֻǰվһߣʱԺڡ
ǣôи
Ǹһĺ߳ûĸʣϪȴһ׻
Ǹģ繣˿ͷ͵͵ϪԾԡ
С㣡
ֱɺϪγѣãȻתɺôˣſȴǵ͵͵
ʱŷ֣֪ʱԼѾ棬ĿϢı˼ѹ壬ô£
ɺҵѯϪóҪΪãϪħһ㣬ĿźеСڤڤиĶ𰸡
ˮģߣͨС˺üβŴ򿪡
ƬɫƬģǣϪȴ˾޴ĺ
죬ҵʹ̵̲סͺһš
ɺŵˣķչȫϣȥ鿴Ϫ
ֻԷɫ׵ĺֽһ㣬ݽ촽ҧƣһƬѪģ
ŵɺȥϪ죬·ˣҧƵĵطȻ˲Ȭˡ
ɺŵĿԼϵѪǴĿĺ죬ٸһжġ
Ϫ˴ŲĺˮӶ们䣬оԼԲͻʹιȥ
ǸоͺŵÿһһһĹвţиѪ⣬ĥĹ
ÿһ˿ʹڴʧȥʶֻҪ˯ȥһʹɢ
Ը⣬ΪһӰһĺ֡
Ϫ
Ϫ
Ϫޡ
Ϫʲô֮ˣ
ϪĻ׵ġ
Ϫϲˡ
ϪҪų𣿡
һЩίʣԺϪʶָһ˿
ץɺĸ첲ʵ˭˭
ɺʹüͷȴûûСӣʼЩˣ̲סϣʵС㣬Сʲô𣿡
ϪѾɺʻҵʹ˺ǣоԼҪ
˫ΪʹսеƬǶģԲıԵҲΪѪ⣬˿ڴֹ˿ڵϡ
ɺȥˣ˵С㣬̣ȥҴ򡣡
Ϫȴץɺʹûл⣬ȴƺӦһЩһһЩǡ
Ҫȥ֪ɺң뿪ңܳףȥߣ졣
ɺԥˣϪӣôҴ뿪Ϫȴɲ룬ɤ죬ѵǣǣҪ㣡ԥʲô
ɺһ£漴Ĩ˰ᣬϪͷϷصķбժ£ȻӹȡһϪȥΣ㽫˱󣬳š
Щ꣬ɺȻΪӲֻǿãǱϪݵŮжȴⲻ
ڽϪ飬Լ󲿷ֵ˶ȥǰдˣԺˣɺô˳ϪӺŴ˳ȥ
ϪŶԷһֱ£ɺٶѯʵС㣬ĲҪҴ𣿡
Ϫ۵˵ֻҡҡͷмһ֣ߣ
ɺԣǡʱԶһľͰǿɺɻӡ
״ɺҲٶãһӣƥ˻д˷ɿ쳯߶ȥ
ϪڳڣſģöѱѪ󣬱ɫ󲻽ûбڸǣԽԽ
ԺУĻ潥ļ䣬ϪʼףֻҪʧȥʶͻ᲻ϸգһŲסٶһж±Ĩȥ
˯óסҪ֪Ǹ̿ĵ˵˭Ϊʲôǵá


154 
, СһЩſ˿, ƿӽͣˣСЩϽȥϵڲ񡣡
ϼҶհ˵ʲôʲôȻǰû
ǸϽӭ׵Ķ׼Ҳ˵ôһ˶
ӭ׵Ķ鿪ʼ佼ҶȥԭҪƴȦģҲΪ˽ʡʱΪֱȥ佼ҡ
һĵĵ佼Ҹ, ˸ȥ佼ͨ˵ɹˣϽ׼
ԶƲɰҲŸϽ°ˣԲ˵Ҳŵж
ƲɰһߵˣԸȥ, Ͻȥ֪ͨϪ, ˵ӭ׶ˡ
ȻԶ˱ſڽӴ, ûһȥͨ˱㼱Ҵҵĸ˻, ƲɰԣСˡ
Ʋɰкˣ鲻, ŵʵôˣ
֧֧, ˵ҷȥСԺӴԺӿˡ
ˣʲô˼, Ϫأɺ𣿡ƲɰҲ, ʶθ˼, ѹ
СҲ֪ȥԺӣŶţСɺﶼͷҡҡ˵棬СĵĿ˿Ʋɰ飬˵
Ʋɰǵֱð׷ʣһ⵽Ļ˹ͺȵʵ˵Ͻġ
˿ĭһСķڱڵϡ
ԣƲɰɫʱһףĵĺһ
ǰסȻȥԼĸ÷÷俴Ʋɰ˵ȥҽ㣬ģµġ
ƲɰץŻӵ֣ӣһҪҵϪҵú˵ϪŤӲǧʲôɵ
ͷȻԺȥһϪӣŻеϵķڣüͷ
մϱһֱĻ£ǰصҹɺ˵˵Ľ̸죬ɺһˣµ˼֡
߽ӣϵķڣſϺϵİ߰Ѫʱһ
ŬԼ侲ʱ͹ţʱϪ˶ڣŲ쳣
佼һڣ֮ǰű㶼ˣϪ˶ǴӺ뿪ġ
첽ţȻеѲڣѰѯʣ˵Լˡ
ʱͻнŲ𣬻̧ͷȥọ̀Էһķ糾һűͷʵδСҪˣſǴ۵ţô£
Ӿǿһ㣬ǰץס̵̣Ŷ̴磬Щٺͣҽ㲻ˣﻹѪȥ
Ϫ˲ˣпˣ̵ʱˣ۵׷ʲôʲô£ǲǱСˣջô֪ģ
ӼץģסԭشתȻ뵽ɺĸ࣬㶨ǲŰѾˣ϶ҪȥңҪҰǾֻȥһط
ߣǺߣҽһںߣ̴ȥߡ˵žҪ̱
㿪˻ӵĶȻ󵥱һн˼ڱУԾף߸ȥ
ԭһֱſڽŵȴҲĲ˲Ծƽ˷Ըȥʲô
˵ǰѯԻĿƵƵŴ𾪺Ϊѡ
ҲûģˮմʪۣƲɰǰʲôˣ
ƲɰɫҰ׵İ˰֣ŻʣƲɰԵ÷ˣ֧ϼɣʲôϪϪˡ
ԣŶʱɫڵ÷Ļﻹڼ
ҲǸող֪ǰһֱúõģԷʱ˵ЦģͻȻ˾Ͳˡ
ģѾȥѰˣôҲȥ˱ĵط϶ܿͻˡ
ȴһ۲˵ȫϪ˵Ϣ
һƿǰˣĵĳԺȥʲôǰŮļɻ䣬ȫȻںˡ
һ·˾ɲĺУ̤ϪԺӣԺеΡ
ϵķڣڻվԺУãȻĹˡ
СЩͻȻִ˼֣ȴǻȻֻ
˭޷жˣ칫ҲʼĻϲ
һ·СάȻ޴棬ˮˮϣͺҲ̶֮С
ΪʲôѾôŬˣΪʲôͷһգʲôĳͷ
УܾôˣܾôϪ뿪϶ˡ
㻹δã˶ƸȻǷޣޣȥ
űŻеķڷһŶ۶ȥȥΡ
ֻһͷζҪ˴
.....................
Ϫģʶںʱ΢Щ
ɺϱ£ڵС㣬ǵˡ
Ϫۣһ޼ʵĴ㶵ĳеʹﵽһµĸ߷壬شԺзҵͻ滹ڼ
ңҪȥϪƵɺǿſǿ˼
ڵ޷óȥƶϣɺֻȰϪ˼
Ϫǳ̲УˮλպûСȵĳ̶ȣ·ˣϪӴˮ˲䣬ɺԷʹЩ͡
Ϫ˫ֻԼֻоĴ̹ǣʱڵĺˮӦˣȴźҪˡ
ɾȴɢ˲ڵʹ⣬ҵ˼Ҳ
ƬʽһĻĻֵļУһŮ˵Ӱһ£޼䣬һˣڻ˵һֱģ塣
ϪҪȴͽͣǸоƣַŭ
ɵϪ󺣣紵ʱֻͨķϪȴ˻
˵ǻ˵һָоֱӸʶУָҪȥҪ֪һжǵõ
Ϫץɺĸ첲ĿֱֱźƽߣᶨҪȥУȥԶĵط
ɺĴһ£ǰϪ⸽˴ֻΪ˺Ͱ棬ҲảÿһξһҴֻ
۲һ¸ĻǵòԶǰĴֻǵͷֿ˿ˮеϪɺС㣬ҵĴȥȵңģҺܿңü
ĵֽظ˼飬ֱϪ˫۵˵ͷɺŷɿϰеλȥ
뿪ɺ֧ţϪŵƣվǳŲסһͷԵˮС
ˮûڱǵʱһͻȻϸĻ߽תУ㱼һ˫տ۾ϪԺл


155 
Ŀ, ϪҲ㶵˫۳ǵԼ㿴, ͫУϸҫĻϲС
һʱϵʹ඼ʧǰ㰲һ΢ЦĿǴ촽Ϫǰ㣬Ļ
Ϫ
ֻһ˲䣬ȱʧļ, Ҳزסĺӣһȫ˳Щȱ˿Ϸ
ϪˣһжޱļСϧˡ
ûüͷų, Ϫһקˮ, һʧĺϪ, ѣ㵹Ǻ
ϴĴĴ, ϪŷԼȻ˺Ҳ֪˶ãϢǺסĿ, ˮ˲
ģ, Ϫ˽קˮһɫ۵ĺܡ
yanϪ˵, ֱĲʸбƵñ졣
ץסϪĸ첲, ˵Ϫ, ûµģʲôǻȥ˵㷽ˣģһأ
ҪȥϪҲ˲ܣʼҪŵǯơ
ܵϪͷѹֵĿ־ͷŭ㿪ʼðͷŭ˵ϪĪҪ֣֮ô£㸸ĸڼҶųʲôˣ㵽֪֪
һԼĸϪĶʶ˶١
ԼĻˣʱַŻĸ㲻ˣ㵱ʣ㸸ҲɫѲСڣһȥвǴӳǡ
Ϫͣ˶ʹԴץţվˮУͻȻʧȥе
ĵװ˿ΪϪЭˣȻȥϴһȡ
ʲô
ȥҴɺһ·ҵŴظϣΪ½ţקֻĥģҲ˲ȥһҧǿʹק
СʲôСʹĶˡ
ɵϵǳ̲ʱңңı㿴ϪԶһˣҪҫ۵ϲò֪˭ʱļǱȥ
ɺų嵽ԣҪȥץקϪ֣ȴһ࣬ӵס֡
ɺּǺţŭţСʲôſ
ŶɺûжϪǰɫһжڳõķȥΪƫƫؼʱ̣ͻȻıʣȻɺ
޴йŭҵһйڣҪǹ˼ϪڣпֱӴɺȻϪ뿪
ʲôôԼԭһжúõģ㿴Ϫ֪֪ҪңܸովˮС
ôңôң͵˽ΪһѾڵˣҪٴϪ𣿡
佼ҾôһŮϪʲộҪǶϰ׷ͺڷ𣿡
˭ӼоȳôģΪһˣ
ɺԭǵ汻һʴûϢԷ˵ûĹǣôĽҿԭᶨʼҡ
ż״һ˻˽ļһڻ
ɺľıƵһԣŴϪ뿪ʱȴ˶վԭأ˿
ǿק˵ϪСʵϪ
δ˵ֻ꣬һͻȻʵǶһˣƾ߸ϵָ
ŵɫһܿı̬ȣϪҲ̫żˣȥһúõǸģˮϰ
ڵĵ֮ǰϪȥĶ˵ȥ֮ҪͷϴҲˡ
ϪȴԹԵļ˵⵱˽˭ڿ˵ңǵΪʲôûѡúڱݵĴңһ·⺣ߣ
⻰һŶ˶ʱɫŵݱΪˮͺˮĴҰһƬǰ׵ĺ
ɺϲĿϪŵС㣬ˣ
漴ӦϪ˼ȻҾ֪ûؼ򵥣Ȼ⡣
죬ı粵̫أôҽΣҲܻ
Ϫ̧ͷĿƽʵα֤һҵ;бѪǰû˵ǰͨΣ
˵⣬˶٣ζ˵ô˵ʵɱҲǣڿ˵ңɾԸҵȥģΪ˻˵ľİ
ϪĻӰŵĿڣհϪĳٶȸ֣ɿ֣߽ҲǣûУǰģϣôġ
ʱϪԽŵļͷٵĻӺ̣ͷһֱźݣ鵽˴ߣ
ƽ޲ĴͻȻ˴磬źһĺˡ
ԭվˮеɺŻδʲôԣԶ̺ͻȴǿľ֡
ֻϪͻȻһˣͷһС¥ǰߡ
ǱȴΪҴ˷򣬵˹̵Ҳ˲ϻӣȫϪȥ
ǲµ̵ͼƵģһͻأǰӿͷѹ£Ǿһ¾ͽ̳˰ϣͷ֮˻һ˲
عߣ˰ϵˮȥϪڵ
һ㺧˵ĺˣϪӿϪԵʱȴ֮ƿ˶ԷǻϪ˿
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